Electric vehicle and thermal management system thereof

Abstract

A thermal management system of an electric vehicle. A cooling liquid subsystem of the system comprises a five-way valve (101), a six-way valve (102), a PTC heating assembly (103), a battery cooling assembly (104), a motor cooling assembly (105), a radiator (106), a heat exchanger (107), a water-cooled condenser (108), a warm core (109), a one-way valve (110), and a water pump. The six-way valve (102) is connected to the motor cooling assembly (105), the battery cooling assembly (104), the heat exchanger (107), the water-cooled condenser (108) and the water pump. The five-way valve (101) is connected to the PTC heating assembly (103), the motor cooling assembly (105), the heat exchanger (107), the radiator (106) and the water pump. A plurality of different loops of the cooling liquid subsystem are formed by means of switching positions of the five-way valve (101) and the six-way valve (102). Also disclosed is an electric vehicle. By means of the connection relationships of the five-way valve (101) and the six-way valve (102) and the position switching of the five-way valve (101) and the six-way valve (102), heat energy transfer for refrigeration or heat dissipation can be effectively realized, and the number of valve body components can also be reduced, thereby reducing the system cost.

Description

Electric vehicles and their thermal management systems

[0001] This application claims priority to the Chinese patent application filed with the China Patent Office on August 31, 2023, with application number 202311120904.3 and invention name “Electric Vehicle and Its Thermal Management System”, the entire contents of which are incorporated by reference into this application. Technical Field

[0002] The present application relates to the field of automotive thermal management, and in particular to electric vehicles and their thermal management systems. Background Art

[0003] In recent years, with the development of new energy-related technologies, the endurance and safety of electric vehicles have also been effectively improved. Moreover, because electric vehicles can effectively reduce exhaust emissions, reduce traditional energy consumption, improve travel efficiency, reduce travel costs and improve the level of traffic intelligence, the market recognition of electric vehicles is getting higher and higher, bringing great convenience to people's travel.

[0004] Thermal management systems play a crucial role in improving battery efficiency and increasing the range of electric vehicles. They manage the temperatures of the electric motor, battery, and passenger compartment, effectively enhancing the safety and reliability of electric vehicle components and improving passenger comfort. Current thermal management systems require a large number of valves, such as costly three-way valves, in the coolant circuit to manage the heat of the motor, battery, and passenger compartment, hindering system cost reduction.

[0005] Application Contents

[0006] In view of this, an embodiment of the present application provides an electric vehicle and a thermal management system thereof to solve the problem that the coolant circuit in the thermal management system in the prior art requires the use of a large number of high-cost valve bodies, including three-way valves, which is not conducive to reducing system costs.

[0007] A first aspect of an embodiment of the present application provides a thermal management system for an electric vehicle, which includes a coolant subsystem. The coolant subsystem includes a five-way valve, a six-way valve, a PTC heating component, a battery cooling component, a motor cooling component, a radiator, a heat exchanger, a water-cooled condenser, a warm core, a one-way valve, and a water pump. The six-way valve is connected to the motor cooling component, the battery cooling component, the heat exchanger, the water-cooled condenser, and the water pump. The five-way valve is connected to the PTC heating component, the motor cooling component, the heat exchanger, the radiator, and the water pump. By switching the positions of the five-way valve and the six-way valve, multiple different circuits of the coolant subsystem are formed.

[0008] The coolant subsystem features a five-way valve and a six-way valve. The six-way valve connects to the motor cooling assembly, battery cooling assembly, heat exchanger, water-cooled condenser, and water pump, while the five-way valve connects to the PTC heating assembly, motor cooling assembly, heat exchanger, radiator, and water pump. By switching the positions of the five-way and six-way valves, multiple circuits in the coolant subsystem are created. This coolant subsystem, comprised of five-way and six-way valves, effectively reduces the use of three-way and other valve components within the subsystem, thereby reducing system costs.

[0009] In combination with the first aspect, in a first possible implementation of the first aspect, the water pump includes a first water pump, a second water pump and a third water pump; wherein, the output end of the battery cooling assembly is connected to the input end of the PTC heating assembly through the first water pump, the input end of the battery cooling assembly is connected to the first interface of the six-way valve, the output end of the battery cooling assembly is connected to the second interface of the six-way valve, the output end of the PTC heating assembly is connected to the first interface of the five-way valve, and the input end of the first water pump is connected to the output end of the battery cooling assembly; the second interface of the five-way valve is connected to the third interface of the six-way valve through the heat exchanger; The third interface of the five-way valve is connected to the fourth interface of the six-way valve through the motor cooling assembly; the fifth interface of the six-way valve is connected to the fourth interface of the five-way valve through the second water pump, and the input end of the second water pump is connected to the fifth interface of the six-way valve; the fourth interface of the five-way valve is connected to the fifth interface of the five-way valve through the radiator; the fifth interface of the six-way valve is connected to the sixth interface of the six-way valve through the third water pump and the one-way valve in sequence, and the fifth interface of the six-way valve is connected to the sixth interface of the six-way valve through the water-cooled condenser and the warm core in sequence, and the input end of the third water pump is connected to the input end of the second water pump.

[0010] In the embodiment of the present application, the interfaces of the five-way valve and the six-way valve are connected to the battery cooling assembly, the PTC heating assembly, the motor cooling assembly, the radiator, and the heat exchanger. By selecting the interfaces of the five-way valve and the six-way valve, the refrigerant is driven by a water pump to transfer heat. When the temperature of the battery and / or the motor is high, the heat generated by the battery and / or the motor can be transferred to the heat exchanger, and the heat exchanger absorbs the heat; or, the heat generated by the motor and / or the battery can be absorbed by the radiator. When the temperature of the motor and / or the battery is low, the heat can be generated by the PTC heating assembly and transferred to the battery and / or the motor through the coolant to improve the stability and reliability of the operation of the motor and / or the battery. Moreover, by connecting the interfaces of the five-way valve and the six-way valve according to the above-mentioned connection relationship, it is possible to effectively realize the heat transfer for cooling or heat dissipation while effectively reducing the number of valve body components. For example, the use of the more expensive three-way valve can be reduced, which is conducive to reducing system costs.

[0011] In combination with the first possible implementation of the first aspect, in the second possible implementation of the first aspect, the coolant subsystem includes a first fluid replenishment port and a second fluid replenishment port, the first fluid replenishment port is used to replenish fluid for the second water pump and the third water pump, and the second fluid replenishment port is used to replenish fluid for the first water pump.

[0012] By providing two refill ports, with the first port used to refill the second and third pumps, and the second port used to refill the first pump, refilling can be completed for all three pumps, which helps improve refill efficiency and exhaust efficiency. Furthermore, when refilling the first and second ports through the kettle, the risk of cross-flow through the kettle during refilling can be effectively reduced, which helps improve system stability.

[0013] In combination with the second possible implementation of the first aspect, in a third possible implementation of the first aspect, the first fluid inlet is located at a position where the second water pump and the third water pump are connected, and the second water pump and the third water pump are input ends, and the second fluid inlet is located at the input end of the first water pump.

[0014] When replenishing at the first refill port, the second water pump can pump the replenished coolant to the radiator circuit, or, via the five-way valve, to the heat exchanger circuit or the motor cooling assembly circuit. Alternatively, the third water pump can pump the replenished coolant to the circuit with the one-way valve. Directly replenishing three water pumps through two refill ports not only improves the refill efficiency of the coolant subsystem, but also allows for exhaust through the two refill ports, which helps improve the exhaust efficiency of the coolant subsystem.

[0015] In combination with any one of the first aspect to the third possible implementation of the first aspect, in the fourth possible implementation of the first aspect, the system includes a control subsystem, and the control subsystem includes a system for obtaining operating status information and / or ambient temperature information of the electric vehicle, and controlling the opening and closing of each interface of the five-way valve and the six-way valve according to the operating status information and / or ambient temperature.

[0016] The control subsystem can switch the different ports on the five-way and six-way valves to meet cooling or heating requirements in different application scenarios. For example, the first port of the five-way valve inputs heat from the PTC heating component and / or the battery. The second port of the five-way valve can be connected to transfer heat to the water-cooled condenser to heat the passenger compartment. The third port of the five-way valve can be connected to transfer heat from the motor and battery to the passenger compartment.

[0017] In combination with the fourth possible implementation method of the first aspect, in the fifth possible implementation method of the first aspect, when the ambient temperature obtained by the control subsystem belongs to the preset first temperature range, the control subsystem controls the first interface of the five-way valve and the third interface of the five-way valve to be connected, the second interface of the five-way valve and the fifth interface of the five-way valve to be connected, the third interface of the six-way valve and the fifth interface of the six-way valve to be connected, and the first interface of the six-way valve and the fourth interface of the six-way valve to be connected.

[0018] The first temperature range is a temperature range where the battery's operating efficiency is relatively low, for example, the battery's operating efficiency is less than a predetermined efficiency threshold. The first temperature range may include a temperature range of 5-10 degrees Celsius. Within this temperature range, due to the low operating efficiency of the battery, the battery needs to be heated to improve its operating efficiency. Due to the low temperature, the passenger compartment needs to be heated to improve passenger comfort. This embodiment controls the first interface of the five-way valve to be connected to the third interface of the five-way valve, the second interface of the five-way valve to be connected to the fifth interface of the five-way valve, the third interface of the six-way valve to be connected to the fifth interface of the six-way valve, and the first interface of the six-way valve to be connected to the fourth interface of the six-way valve. Heat generated by the motor and the PTC heating assembly can be transferred to the battery cooling assembly via the first water pump, thereby increasing the battery temperature and improving battery performance. Heat is absorbed from the air through the radiator and transferred to the passenger compartment via the heat exchanger to increase the passenger compartment temperature.

[0019] In combination with the fourth possible implementation method of the first aspect, in the sixth possible implementation method of the first aspect, when the operating status information obtained by the control subsystem includes that the driving time is greater than the first predetermined time, and the obtained ambient temperature is less than the first predetermined temperature, the control subsystem controls the first interface of the five-way valve and the third interface of the five-way valve to be connected, the second interface of the five-way valve and the fourth interface of the five-way valve to be connected, the first interface of the six-way valve and the third interface of the six-way valve to be connected, and the fourth interface of the six-way valve and the fifth interface of the six-way valve to be connected.

[0020] When the operating status information is greater than the first predetermined time, the ambient temperature may be greater than the temperature in the first temperature range. For example, the ambient temperature can be any temperature between 10 and 20 degrees Celsius. At this temperature, as the use time increases, the temperature of the motor and the battery gradually increases. At this time, by controlling the first interface of the five-way valve and the third interface of the five-way valve to be connected, the second interface of the five-way valve and the fourth interface of the five-way valve to be connected, the first interface of the six-way valve and the third interface of the six-way valve to be connected, and the fourth interface of the six-way valve and the fifth interface of the six-way valve to be connected, the heat generated by the PTC heating component and the motor is transported to the passenger compartment through the heat exchanger, and the coolant after heat exchange can cool the battery, thereby improving the working performance of the battery.

[0021] In combination with the fourth possible implementation method of the first aspect, in the seventh possible implementation method of the first aspect, when the ambient temperature obtained by the control subsystem is lower than the second predetermined temperature, the control subsystem controls the first interface of the five-way valve and the third interface of the five-way valve to be connected, the second interface of the five-way valve and the fourth interface of the five-way valve to be connected, the second interface of the six-way valve and the third interface of the six-way valve to be connected, and the fourth interface of the six-way valve and the fifth interface of the six-way valve to be connected.

[0022] When the ambient temperature is less than the second predetermined temperature (the second predetermined temperature can be any value between -5 and -15 degrees Celsius), the battery temperature is within the pre-set effective temperature range. At this time, there is no need to cool the battery or conduct heat, and the heat generated by the motor can be transferred to the passenger compartment through the heat exchanger. In this case, the first interface of the five-way valve and the third interface of the five-way valve can be controlled to be connected, the second interface of the five-way valve and the fourth interface of the five-way valve can be controlled to be connected, the second interface of the six-way valve and the third interface of the six-way valve can be controlled to be connected, and the fourth interface of the six-way valve and the fifth interface of the six-way valve can be controlled to be connected, so that the heat generated by the PTC heating component and the motor is transferred to the passenger compartment through the heat exchanger, while improving the operating stability of the motor and effectively heating the passenger compartment.

[0023] In combination with the fourth possible implementation method of the first aspect, in the eighth possible implementation method of the first aspect, when the operating status information obtained by the control subsystem includes the vehicle cold start status and the obtained ambient temperature is less than the preset third predetermined temperature, the control subsystem controls the first interface of the five-way valve and the second interface of the five-way valve to be connected, the third interface of the five-way valve and the fourth interface of the five-way valve to be connected, the second interface of the six-way valve and the third interface of the six-way valve to be connected, and the fourth interface of the six-way valve and the fifth interface of the six-way valve to be connected.

[0024] When the vehicle is in a cold start state, if the ambient temperature is low, such as less than -15 degrees Celsius, the performance of the motor is poor. At this time, the heat generated by the motor can be temporarily stopped from being transported to other locations, and the motor can be subjected to heat storage treatment. The heat generated by the PTC heating component can be transported to the passenger compartment by the heat exchanger to increase the temperature in the passenger compartment. In this case, the first interface of the five-way valve and the second interface of the five-way valve can be controlled to be connected, the third interface of the five-way valve and the fourth interface of the five-way valve can be controlled to be connected, the second interface of the six-way valve and the third interface of the six-way valve can be controlled to be connected, and the fourth interface of the six-way valve and the fifth interface of the six-way valve can be controlled to be connected. The heat generated by the PTC heating component is transported to the heat exchanger by the first water pump, and the heat generated by the motor is not dissipated.

[0025] In combination with the fourth possible implementation method of the first aspect, in the ninth possible implementation method of the first aspect, when the ambient temperature obtained by the control subsystem belongs to the preset third temperature range, the control subsystem controls the first interface of the five-way valve and the second interface of the five-way valve to be connected, the third interface of the five-way valve and the fifth interface of the five-way valve to be connected, the second interface of the six-way valve and the fourth interface of the six-way valve to be connected, and the third interface of the six-way valve and the fifth interface of the six-way valve to be connected.

[0026] When the ambient temperature is within the third temperature range, the motor needs to be cooled, the battery is within the optimal operating temperature range, and the passenger compartment needs to be heated. The third temperature range may include a temperature range of -5 degrees Celsius to 5 degrees Celsius. At this time, the first interface of the five-way valve and the second interface of the five-way valve can be controlled to be connected, the third interface of the five-way valve and the fifth interface of the five-way valve can be controlled to be connected, the second interface of the six-way valve and the fourth interface of the six-way valve can be controlled to be connected, and the third interface of the six-way valve and the fifth interface of the six-way valve can be controlled to be connected. The heat generated by the PTC heating component and the motor can be exchanged through the heat exchanger to transfer the heat to the passenger compartment. After the heat is dissipated by the radiator, the coolant flows back to the motor to achieve cooling of the motor.

[0027] In combination with any one of the first aspect to the third possible implementation manner of the first aspect, in the tenth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the control subsystem is also used to receive a cooling instruction or a heating instruction, and control the opening and closing of each interface of the five-way valve and the six-way valve according to the cooling instruction or the cooling instruction.

[0028] In a possible implementation, the system can also receive control commands from the system and, based on these commands, heat or cool the battery, motor, and passenger compartment to meet different personalized user needs. Heating commands can include heating the battery, motor, or passenger compartment. Cooling commands can include cooling the motor, battery, or passenger compartment.

[0029] In combination with the tenth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, in the eleventh possible implementation manner of the first aspect, when the control subsystem receives a refrigeration instruction, the control subsystem controls the first interface of the five-way valve and the second interface of the five-way valve to be connected, the third interface of the five-way valve and the fifth interface of the five-way valve to be connected, the first interface of the six-way valve and the third interface of the six-way valve to be connected, and the fourth interface of the six-way valve and the fifth interface of the six-way valve to be connected.

[0030] When cooling is performed in response to a cooling command, the PTC heating assembly, battery cooling assembly, first water pump, and heat exchanger form a circuit. Within this circuit, heat generated by the batteries is exchanged at the battery cooling assembly and transferred to the coolant. The first water pump's delivery pressure then delivers it to the heat exchanger, where it absorbs the heat and reduces the battery temperature. The water-cooled condenser, heater core, second water pump, motor cooling assembly, and radiator form a circuit where the heat dissipation from the radiator reduces the temperature of the motor and passenger compartment.

[0031] In combination with the tenth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, in the twelfth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, when the control subsystem receives a heating instruction, the control subsystem controls the first interface of the five-way valve and the second interface of the five-way valve to be connected, the third interface of the five-way valve and the fourth interface of the five-way valve to be connected, the first interface of the six-way valve and the third interface of the six-way valve to be connected, and the fourth interface of the six-way valve and the fifth interface of the six-way valve to be connected.

[0032] When a heating command is received, the battery, motor, and passenger compartment need to be heated. At this point, controlled by the control subsystem's interface, the PTC heating assembly, battery cooling assembly, first water pump, and heat exchanger form a circuit. Within this circuit, the heat exchanger absorbs heat generated by the battery to cool the battery. The motor cooling assembly, water-cooled condenser, heater core, second water pump, and radiator form a circuit that cools the passenger compartment and motor through heat dissipation by the radiator.

[0033] In combination with any one of the first aspect to the eleventh possible implementation of the first aspect, in the thirteenth possible implementation of the first aspect, the thermal management system includes a refrigerant subsystem, which is used to transfer heat in the heat exchanger to the water-cooled condenser.

[0034] When the heat exchanger transfers heat to the water-cooled condenser, a refrigerant subsystem can be set up to exchange heat through the refrigerant in the heat exchanger subsystem, exchange the heat in the heat exchanger to the refrigerant circuit, and transfer the heat to the water-cooled condenser through the refrigerant circuit for heat exchange, thereby increasing the temperature of the coolant in the coolant pipeline in the water-cooled condenser. The coolant transfers the heat to the heater core, which dissipates the heat to increase the temperature of the passenger compartment.

[0035] In combination with the thirteenth possible implementation of the first aspect, in the fourteenth possible implementation of the first aspect, the refrigerant subsystem includes a compressor, a first expansion valve, the water-cooled condenser, the heat exchanger and a liquid storage tank, and the output end of the compressor is connected to the input end of the compressor via the refrigerant pipeline of the water-cooled condenser, the liquid storage tank, the first expansion valve and the refrigerant pipeline of the heat exchanger.

[0036] The refrigerant circuit includes a compressor, a first expansion valve, refrigerant piping for the water-cooled condenser, and a refrigerant management and storage tank for the heat exchanger. The refrigerant transfers heat captured in the heat exchanger to the water-cooled condenser. Heat exchange occurs between the coolant and refrigerant piping within the water-cooled condenser, raising the temperature of the coolant in the coolant piping. Pressure from the third or second water pump then transfers the heat to the heater core, heating it.

[0037] In combination with the fourteenth possible implementation of the first aspect, in the fifteenth possible implementation of the first aspect, the refrigerant subsystem also includes a second expansion valve and an evaporator, and the liquid storage tank is connected to the input end of the compressor via the second expansion valve and the evaporator.

[0038] By setting up a second refrigerant circuit, the heat in the air can be absorbed by the evaporator, and after being compressed by the compressor, the high-temperature refrigerant is transported to the refrigerant pipe of the water-cooled condenser. Through heat exchange, the temperature of the coolant at the water-cooled condenser is increased, and through the pressure of the third water pump or the second water pump, the heat is transported to the heater core to heat the heater core.

[0039] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a car, which includes the thermal management system of the electric car described in any one of the first aspects.

[0040] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a thermal management method for an electric vehicle, which is applied to the thermal management system of the electric vehicle described in the first aspect. The method includes: obtaining operating status information and / or ambient temperature information of the electric vehicle; and controlling the opening and closing of each interface of the five-way valve and the six-way valve according to the operating status information and / or ambient temperature, including:

[0041] When the ambient temperature obtained by the control subsystem falls within the preset first temperature range, the control subsystem controls the first interface of the five-way valve and the third interface of the five-way valve to be connected, the second interface of the five-way valve and the fifth interface of the five-way valve to be connected, the third interface of the six-way valve and the fifth interface of the six-way valve to be connected, and the first interface of the six-way valve and the fourth interface of the six-way valve to be connected.

[0042] When the operating status information obtained by the control subsystem includes that the driving time is greater than the first predetermined time, and the obtained ambient temperature is less than the first predetermined temperature, the control subsystem controls the first interface of the five-way valve and the third interface of the five-way valve to be connected, the second interface of the five-way valve and the fourth interface of the five-way valve to be connected, the first interface of the six-way valve and the third interface of the six-way valve to be connected, and the fourth interface of the six-way valve and the fifth interface of the six-way valve to be connected.

[0043] When the ambient temperature obtained by the control subsystem is lower than the second predetermined temperature, the control subsystem controls the first interface of the five-way valve and the third interface of the five-way valve to be connected, the second interface of the five-way valve and the fourth interface of the five-way valve to be connected, the second interface of the six-way valve and the third interface of the six-way valve to be connected, and the fourth interface of the six-way valve and the fifth interface of the six-way valve to be connected.

[0044] When the operating status information obtained by the control subsystem includes the vehicle cold start status and the obtained ambient temperature is lower than the preset third predetermined temperature, the control subsystem controls the first interface of the five-way valve and the second interface of the five-way valve to be connected, the third interface of the five-way valve and the fourth interface of the five-way valve to be connected, the second interface of the six-way valve and the third interface of the six-way valve to be connected, and the fourth interface of the six-way valve and the fifth interface of the six-way valve to be connected.

[0045] When the ambient temperature obtained by the control subsystem falls within the preset third temperature range, the control subsystem controls the first interface of the five-way valve and the second interface of the five-way valve to be connected, the third interface of the five-way valve and the fifth interface of the five-way valve to be connected, the second interface of the six-way valve and the fourth interface of the six-way valve to be connected, and the third interface of the six-way valve and the fifth interface of the six-way valve to be connected.

[0046] A fourth aspect of an embodiment of the present application provides a car, comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein when the processor executes the computer program, the steps of the method described in any one of the third aspects are implemented.

[0047] A fifth aspect of an embodiment of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, wherein the computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the method described in any one of the first aspects are implemented.

[0048] The effects of the second to fifth aspects of the embodiments of the present application can refer to the description of the effects of the first aspect and will not be repeated here. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0049] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or descriptions of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative work.

[0050] FIG1 is a schematic diagram of a coolant control circuit provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0051] FIG2 is a schematic diagram of another coolant control circuit provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0052] FIG3 is a schematic diagram of another coolant control circuit provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0053] FIG4 is a schematic diagram of another coolant control circuit provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0054] FIG5 is a schematic diagram of another coolant control circuit provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0055] FIG6 is a schematic diagram of another coolant control circuit provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0056] FIG7 is a schematic diagram of another coolant control circuit provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0057] FIG8 is a schematic diagram of another coolant control circuit provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0058] FIG9 is a schematic diagram of another coolant control circuit provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0059] FIG10 is a schematic diagram of another coolant control circuit provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0060] FIG11 is a schematic diagram of a thermal management device for an electric vehicle provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0061] In the following description, specific details such as specific system structures and techniques are provided for purposes of illustration rather than limitation to facilitate a thorough understanding of the embodiments of the present application. However, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present application may be implemented in other embodiments without these specific details. In other cases, detailed descriptions of well-known systems, devices, circuits, and methods are omitted to avoid obscuring the description of the present application with unnecessary detail.

[0062] In order to illustrate the technical solution described in this application, specific embodiments are provided below.

[0063] In recent years, with the development of new energy-related technologies, the endurance and safety of electric vehicles have also been effectively improved. Moreover, because electric vehicles can effectively reduce exhaust emissions, reduce traditional energy consumption, improve travel efficiency, reduce travel costs and improve the level of traffic intelligence, the market recognition of electric vehicles is getting higher and higher, bringing great convenience to people's travel.

[0064] The main performance indicators of electric vehicles include parameters such as driving range. In electric vehicles with batteries of the same capacity, if the vehicle can be thermally managed scientifically and effectively, the battery utilization efficiency can be greatly improved, the vehicle's driving range can be increased, the user comfort can be increased, and the vehicle reliability can be improved. Therefore, the thermal management system of electric vehicles is particularly important to the performance of electric vehicles. At present, when using a thermal management system to perform thermal management on the motor, battery, and passenger compartment of electric vehicles, a large number of valve bodies, such as high-cost three-way valves, are required in the coolant circuit, which is not conducive to reducing system costs. In addition, when replenishing fluid, it is easy to encounter difficulties in replenishing fluid, exhausting, or crossflow at the replenishment port. In addition, the application scenarios of the thermal management system are relatively single and cannot effectively adapt to the application needs of various scenarios.

[0065] Based on this, an embodiment of the present application proposes a thermal management system for an electric vehicle, which includes a coolant subsystem. The coolant subsystem includes a five-way valve, a six-way valve, a PTC heating component, a battery cooling component, a motor cooling component, a radiator, a heat exchanger, a water-cooled condenser, a warm core, a one-way valve, and a water pump. The interfaces of the six-way valve are respectively connected to the motor cooling component, the battery cooling component, the heat exchanger, the water-cooled condenser, and the first water pump, and the interfaces of the five-way valve are respectively connected to the PTC heating component, the motor cooling component, the heat exchanger, the radiator, and the second water pump. By switching the positions of the interfaces of the five-way valve and the six-way valve, the on-off between the interfaces is controlled to form multiple different circuits of the coolant subsystem.

[0066] As shown in Figure 1, it is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of a coolant subsystem provided in an embodiment of the present application. The thermal management system includes a coolant subsystem, and the coolant subsystem includes a five-way valve 101, a six-way valve 102, a PTC (Positive Temperature Coefficient) heating component 103, a battery cooling component 104, a motor cooling component 105, a radiator 106, a heat exchanger 107, a water-cooled condenser 108, a warm core 109, a one-way valve 110, and a water pump. The water pump includes a first water pump 1110, a second water pump 1111, and a third water pump 1112; wherein, the output end of the battery cooling component 104 is connected to the input end of the PTC heating component 103 through the first water pump 1110, and the battery cooling component 104 is connected to the input end of the PTC heating component 103 through the first water pump 1110. The input end of the battery cooling assembly 104 is connected to the first interface 1021 of the six-way valve 102, the output end of the battery cooling assembly 104 is connected to the second interface 1022 of the six-way valve 102, the output end of the PTC heating assembly 103 is connected to the first interface 1011 of the five-way valve 101, and the input end of the first water pump 1110 is connected to the output end of the battery cooling assembly 104; the second interface 1012 of the five-way valve 101 is connected to the third interface 1023 of the six-way valve 102 through the heat exchanger 107; the five-way The third interface 1013 of the valve 101 is connected to the fourth interface 1024 of the six-way valve 102 through the motor cooling component 105; the fifth interface 1025 of the six-way valve 102 is connected to the fourth interface 1014 of the five-way valve 101 through the second water pump 1111, and the input end of the second water pump 1111 is connected to the fifth interface 1025 of the six-way valve 102; the fourth interface 1014 of the five-way valve 101 is connected to the fifth interface 1015 of the five-way valve 101 through the radiator 106; the second water pump 1111 is connected to the fourth interface 1014 of the five-way valve 101 through the radiator 106; The output end of 111 is connected to the fourth interface 1014 of the five-way valve 101; the fifth interface 1025 of the six-way valve 102 is connected to the sixth interface 1026 of the six-way valve 102 through the third water pump 1112 and the one-way valve 110 in sequence, and the fifth interface 1025 of the six-way valve 102 is connected to the sixth interface 1026 of the six-way valve 102 through the warm core 109 and the water-cooled condenser 108 in sequence, and the input end of the third water pump 1112 is connected to the input end of the second water pump 1111.

[0067] The battery cooling assembly 104 may include a coolant piping assembly located at the battery, and the motor cooling assembly 105 may include a coolant piping assembly located at the motor. By supplying coolant at different temperatures through the battery cooling assembly 104, the battery can be cooled or heated. By supplying coolant at different temperatures through the motor cooling assembly 105, the motor can be cooled or heated.

[0068] The direction of the one-way valve 110 is the same as the direction of the third water pump 1112. That is, the output end of the third water pump 1112 is connected to the positive input end of the one-way valve 110. The coolant can be pumped into the one-way valve 110 through the third water pump 1112.

[0069] The interfaces of the five-way valve 101 and the six-way valve 102 are connected to the battery cooling assembly 104, the PTC (Positive Temperature Coefficient) heating assembly, the motor cooling assembly, the radiator 106, and the heat exchanger 107. By selecting and switching the interface connection mode of the five-way valve 101 and the six-way valve 102, the water pump is used to drive the coolant for heat transfer. When the temperature of the battery and / or the motor is high, the heat generated by the battery and / or the motor can be transferred to the heat exchanger 107, and the heat exchanger 107 absorbs the heat; alternatively, the heat generated by the motor and / or the battery can be dissipated to the environment through the radiator 106. When the temperature of the motor and / or the battery is low, heat can be generated by the PTC heating assembly 103 and transferred to the battery and / or the motor through the coolant to improve the efficiency, stability and reliability of the motor and / or the battery. In addition, the five-way valve 101 and the six-way valve 102 are connected according to the above-mentioned connection relationship through the interfaces. By selecting and switching the working positions of the five-way valve 101 and the six-way valve 102, heat transfer for cooling or heat dissipation can be effectively achieved, and the number of valve body components can be effectively reduced. For example, the use of the more expensive three-way valve can be reduced, which is conducive to reducing system costs.

[0070] In order to improve the rehydration efficiency of the thermal management system and improve the efficiency of exhausting the coolant, as shown in Figure 2, the thermal management system in the embodiment of the present application includes a first rehydration port (such as point E in Figure 2) and a second rehydration port (such as point F in Figure 2). Among them, the first rehydration port is provided with an input end of the second water pump 1111 and an input end of the third water pump 1112. The coolant replenished through the first rehydration port can be directly pumped in and used by the second water pump 1111 and the third water pump 1112, so that the rehydration needs of the two water pumps can be completed through one rehydration port, the rehydration structure is simpler and the rehydration effect is better. The second rehydration port is located at the input end of the first water pump 1110 and can be used to meet the coolant rehydration needs of the first water pump 1110. Rehydration through the two rehydration ports can also effectively improve the efficiency of bubble discharge. When the kettle 112 filled with coolant is used to replenish coolant for the first rehydration port and the second rehydration port, the risk of crossflow through the kettle 112 during rehydration can be effectively reduced.

[0071] In an embodiment of the present application, the thermal management system of an electric vehicle may include a control subsystem that can obtain control variables. The control variables may include ambient temperature and / or operating status information of the electric vehicle. Based on the obtained control variables, the control subsystem can control the open and closed states of each interface in the five-way valve 101 and the six-way valve 102 to achieve conduction and disconnection between different interfaces. For example, the heat of the PTC (Positive Temperature Coefficient) heating component and / or the heat of the battery inputted into the first interface 1011 of the five-way valve 101 can be selectively connected to the second interface 1012 of the five-way valve 101 to transfer the heat to the water-cooled condenser 108 to achieve heating of the passenger compartment; the third interface 1013 of the five-way valve 101 can be selectively connected to transfer the heat of the motor and the battery to the passenger compartment.

[0072] Figure 3 shows a schematic diagram of a coolant control circuit provided by an embodiment of the present application. When the ambient temperature is detected to be within a preset first temperature range, heat can be obtained from the environment in accordance with the interface connection method shown in Figure 3 to heat the passenger compartment. The PTC heating component 103 and the motor temperature are used to increase the battery temperature, thereby improving battery performance. The first temperature range may include a temperature range where the battery's performance is not optimal, for example, a temperature range of 5-10 degrees Celsius.

[0073] In the coolant circuit schematic diagram shown in Figure 3, the first interface 1011 of the five-way valve 101 and the third interface 1013 of the five-way valve 101 are connected, the second interface 1012 of the five-way valve 101 and the fifth interface 1015 of the five-way valve 101 are connected, the third interface 1023 of the six-way valve 102 and the fifth interface 1025 of the six-way valve 102 are connected, and the first interface 1021 of the six-way valve 102 and the fourth interface 1024 of the six-way valve 102 are connected.

[0074] Under this control condition, the coolant control circuit includes three loops. In the loop formed by the PTC component, motor cooling component 105, first water pump 1110, and battery cooling component 104, heat generated by the motor is transferred to the motor cooling component 105 through heat exchange. Heat generated by the PTC heating component 103 and the motor is pumped to the battery cooling component 104 through the conveying force generated by the first water pump 1110. This heat exchange increases the battery temperature, thereby raising the battery temperature relative to the ambient temperature and improving battery performance.

[0075] In the coolant circuit composed of the radiator 106, the heat exchanger 107 and the second water pump 1111, the radiator 106 can absorb heat from the air through heat exchange, and pump the heat to the heat exchanger 107 through the second water pump 1111, thereby transferring the heat absorbed from the air to the passenger compartment, thereby increasing the temperature of the passenger compartment at the ambient temperature, thereby improving the comfort of the passengers; in addition, a heat pump circuit / refrigerant circuit is arranged between the heat exchanger 107 and the passenger compartment, and the heat pump circuit absorbs heat from the heat exchanger 107 and transfers the heat to the passenger compartment.

[0076] In the cooling circuit composed of the water-cooled condenser 108, the heater core 109, the third water pump 1112 and the one-way valve 110, the water-cooled condenser 108 can absorb the heat released by the heat exchanger 107, for example, transmit the heat released by the heat exchanger 107 through the refrigerant circuit, pump the heat to the heater core 109 through the third water pump 1112, and exchange heat with the passenger compartment environment through the heater core 109 to increase the ambient temperature in the passenger compartment.

[0077] FIG4 shows another schematic diagram of a coolant control circuit provided by an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG4 , when the operating status information of the electric vehicle includes an operating time greater than a first predetermined time, such as an operating time greater than half an hour, the temperature of the vehicle's battery and motor is high, but the temperature of the passenger compartment at this time is lower than the user's desired comfort temperature, or lower than the passenger compartment temperature set by the user. For example, the user's desired passenger compartment temperature is 25 degrees, and at this time, the ambient temperature is lower than the set temperature. For example, when the ambient temperature is any temperature between 10 and 20 degrees Celsius, the passenger compartment needs to be heated, and the heat generated by the battery and motor can be transferred to the warm core 109, thereby improving both passenger comfort and energy efficiency.

[0078] In the coolant control circuit shown in Figure 4, the first interface 1011 of the five-way valve 101 and the third interface 1013 of the five-way valve 101 are connected, the second interface 1012 of the five-way valve 101 and the fourth interface 1024 of the five-way valve 101 are connected, the first interface 1021 of the six-way valve 102 and the third interface 1023 of the six-way valve 102 are connected, and the fourth interface 1024 of the six-way valve 102 and the fifth interface 1025 of the six-way valve 102 are connected.

[0079] Under this control condition, the coolant control circuit includes two circuits. The first circuit includes the motor cooling component 105, the PTC heating component, the first water pump 1110, the battery cooling component 104, the heat exchanger 107, and the second water pump 1111. The heat generated by the battery cooling component 104, the motor cooling component 105, and the PTC heating component can be transported to the heat exchanger 107 through the coolant through the pumping pressure provided by the first water pump 1110 and the second water pump 1111. Through the heat exchange treatment of the heat exchanger 107, the heat can be transported to the water-cooled condenser 108 with the help of heat transfer circuits such as the refrigerant circuit. At this time, in the case of excess heat, the excess heat is dissipated through the radiator 106.

[0080] The second circuit includes a water-cooled condenser 108, a heater core 109, a one-way valve 110 and a third water pump 1112. Through heat exchange, the water-cooled condenser 108 can absorb the heat provided by the heat exchanger 107, thereby increasing the temperature of the coolant in the coolant pipe of the water-cooled condenser 108. The heated coolant is pumped to the heater core 109 through the third water pump 1112. Through heat exchange in the heater core 109, the heat is exchanged into the passenger compartment, thereby increasing the temperature of the passenger compartment.

[0081] FIG5 is a schematic diagram of another coolant control circuit provided in an embodiment of the present application. When the ambient temperature further decreases to below a second predetermined temperature, the second predetermined temperature is less than the lowest temperature in the first temperature range. For example, the ambient temperature is less than -10 degrees Celsius, including -15 degrees Celsius, -20 degrees Celsius, etc. In this case, the ambient temperature is a temperature at which the motor can operate effectively, for example, the motor's operating reliability meets preset requirements. Heat generated by the motor, combined with heat generated by the PTC heating element, can be used to provide thermal energy to the passenger compartment.

[0082] As shown in Figure 5, the first interface 1011 of the five-way valve 101 is connected to the third interface 1013 of the five-way valve 101, the second interface 1012 of the five-way valve 101 is connected to the fourth interface 1014 of the five-way valve 101, the second interface 1022 of the six-way valve 102 is connected to the third interface 1023 of the six-way valve 102, and the fourth interface 1024 of the six-way valve 102 is connected to the fifth interface 1025 of the six-way valve 102.

[0083] Under this control condition, the coolant control circuit includes two circuits. Among them, the first circuit includes the motor cooling component 105, the PTC heating component, the first water pump 1110, the heat exchanger 107, and the second water pump 1111. The heat generated by the motor cooling component 105 and the PTC heating component can be transported to the heat exchanger 107 through the coolant through the pumping pressure provided by the first water pump 1110 and the second water pump 1111. Through the heat exchange treatment of the heat exchanger 107, the heat can be transported to the water-cooled condenser 108 with the help of heat transfer circuits such as the refrigerant circuit. At this time, the heat generated by the battery is not connected to the circuit and can be used to increase the battery's own temperature, or connected to other heating components to improve battery performance.

[0084] The second circuit includes a water-cooled condenser 108, a heater core 109, a one-way valve 110 and a third water pump 1112. Through heat exchange, the water-cooled condenser 108 can absorb the heat provided by the heat exchanger 107, thereby increasing the temperature of the coolant in the coolant pipe of the water-cooled condenser 108. The heated coolant is pumped to the heater core 109 through the third water pump 1112. Through heat exchange in the heater core 109, the heat is exchanged into the passenger compartment, thereby increasing the temperature of the passenger compartment.

[0085] FIG6 is a schematic diagram of another coolant control circuit provided in an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG6 , when the operating state of the electric vehicle is a cold start state and the ambient temperature is lower than the predetermined normal operating temperature of the motor. For example, the ambient temperature is any temperature lower than -15 degrees Celsius. In this case, the motor needs to store heat to improve motor performance. Since the temperature in the passenger compartment is relatively low, it is necessary to quickly increase the temperature in the passenger compartment. At this time, the heat generated by the PTC heating component 103 can be first transported to the passenger compartment to increase the temperature of the passenger compartment.

[0086] As shown in Figure 6, the control subsystem controls the first interface 1011 of the five-way valve 101 and the second interface 1012 of the five-way valve 101 to be connected, the third interface 1013 of the five-way valve 101 and the fourth interface 1014 of the five-way valve 101 to be connected, the second interface 1022 of the six-way valve 102 and the third interface 1023 of the six-way valve 102 to be connected, and the fourth interface 1024 of the six-way valve 102 and the fifth interface 1025 of the six-way valve 102 to be connected.

[0087] Under these control conditions, the coolant control circuit consists of three loops. The first loop includes heat exchanger 107, PTC heating assembly 103, and first water pump 1110. Heat generated by PTC heating assembly 103 is pumped to heat exchanger 107 via first water pump 1110, which then delivers it to water-cooled condenser 108, rapidly raising the passenger compartment temperature.

[0088] The second circuit includes a motor cooling assembly 105 and a second water pump 1111. At this time, the heat of the motor cooling assembly 105 is not transferred to other heat-absorbing components, so that the motor can accumulate the heat generated, thereby gradually entering a better operating environment and improving the motor's operating performance.

[0089] The third circuit includes a water-cooled condenser 108, a heater core 109, a one-way valve 110 and a third water pump 1112. Through heat exchange, the water-cooled condenser 108 can absorb the heat provided by the heat exchanger 107, thereby increasing the temperature of the coolant in the coolant pipe of the water-cooled condenser 108. The heated coolant is pumped to the heater core 109 through the third water pump 1112. Through heat exchange in the heater core 109, the heat is exchanged into the passenger compartment, thereby increasing the temperature of the passenger compartment.

[0090] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of another coolant control circuit provided by an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 7, when the ambient temperature of the electric vehicle is within a third temperature range, the motor can operate normally and effectively within the third temperature range, and the temperature within the third temperature range is greater than the second predetermined temperature. For example, the ambient temperature can be anywhere between -5 and 5 degrees Celsius. In this case, the motor and PTC heating assembly can provide heat to the passenger compartment.

[0091] As shown in Figure 7, the control subsystem controls the first interface 1011 of the five-way valve 101 and the second interface 1012 of the five-way valve 101 to be connected, the third interface 1013 of the five-way valve 101 and the fifth interface 1015 of the five-way valve 101 to be connected, the second interface 1022 of the six-way valve 102 and the fourth interface 1024 of the six-way valve 102 to be connected, and the third interface 1023 of the six-way valve 102 and the fifth interface 1025 of the six-way valve 102 to be connected.

[0092] Under these control conditions, the coolant control circuit consists of two loops. The first loop includes the heat exchanger 107, radiator 106, PTC heating assembly 103, first water pump 1110, and motor cooling assembly 105. Heat generated by the PTC heating assembly 103 and heat collected by the motor cooling assembly 105 are pumped to the heat exchanger 107 and radiator 106 via the first water pump 1110. Heat exchanger 107 then transfers the heat to the water-cooled condenser 108, rapidly raising the passenger compartment temperature. The radiator 106 then dissipates any excess heat.

[0093] The second circuit includes a water-cooled condenser 108, a heater core 109, a one-way valve 110 and a third water pump 1112. Through heat exchange, the water-cooled condenser 108 can absorb the heat provided by the heat exchanger 107, thereby increasing the temperature of the coolant in the coolant pipe of the water-cooled condenser 108. The heated coolant is pumped to the heater core 109 through the third water pump 1112. Through heat exchange in the heater core 109, the heat is exchanged into the passenger compartment, thereby increasing the temperature of the passenger compartment.

[0094] In a possible implementation, the embodiment of the present application can also control the position of the five-way valve 101 and the six-way valve 102 according to the received control instructions by the control subsystem to realize different functions corresponding to different control instructions.

[0095] For example, the control instructions may include heating instructions and cooling instructions. The heating instructions may include heating the battery, heating the motor, and heating the passenger compartment. The cooling instructions may include cooling the motor, cooling the battery, and cooling the passenger compartment.

[0096] As shown in Figure 8, the control instruction is a cooling instruction. When the control subsystem receives the cooling instruction, the control subsystem controls the first interface 1011 of the five-way valve 101 and the second interface 1012 of the five-way valve 101 to be connected, the third interface 1013 of the five-way valve 101 and the fifth interface 1015 of the five-way valve 101 to be connected, the first interface 1021 of the six-way valve 102 and the third interface 1023 of the six-way valve 102 to be connected, and the fourth interface 1024 of the six-way valve 102 and the sixth interface 1026 of the six-way valve 102 to be connected.

[0097] Under this control instruction, the coolant control circuit includes two loops. The first loop includes the heat exchanger 107, the PTC heating component 103, the first water pump 1110, and the battery cooling component 104. When the battery needs to be cooled, the heat exchanger 107 can absorb heat to reduce the battery temperature.

[0098] The second circuit includes the motor cooling assembly 105, radiator 106, second water pump 1111, heater core 109, and water-cooled condenser 108. Heat from the water-cooled condenser 108 and motor cooling assembly 105 is dissipated through radiator 106, thereby lowering the interior cabin temperature and the motor temperature. At this point, the coolant flow through the one-way valve 110 circuit is opposite to that of the third water pump 1112 and one-way valve 110. Coolant cannot flow back through the one-way valve 110 and instead flows to the water-cooled condenser 108 and heater core 109, effectively cooling the passenger compartment.

[0099] FIG9 is a schematic diagram of another coolant control circuit provided in an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG9 , when the control instruction is a heating instruction, the control subsystem controls the first interface 1011 of the five-way valve 101 to be connected to the second interface 1012 of the five-way valve 101, the third interface 1013 of the five-way valve 101 to be connected to the fourth interface 1014 of the five-way valve 101, the first interface 1021 of the six-way valve 102 to be connected to the third interface 1023 of the six-way valve 102, and the fourth interface 1024 of the six-way valve 102 to be connected to the fifth interface 1025 of the six-way valve 102.

[0100] Under the control of this control instruction, the coolant control circuit includes three loops. The first loop includes the PTC heating component 103, the battery cooling component 104, the first water pump 1110, and the heat exchanger 107. The first water pump 1110 pumps heat from the PTC heating component to the heat exchanger 107. The heat exchange process in the heat exchanger 107 then transfers the heat to the third loop.

[0101] The second loop includes the motor cooling assembly 105 and the second water pump 1111. At this time, the coolant in the motor cooling assembly 105 is in a self-circulating state.

[0102] The third circuit includes a water-cooled condenser 108, a heater core 109, a one-way valve 110 and a third water pump 1112. Through heat exchange, the water-cooled condenser 108 can absorb the heat provided by the heat exchanger 107, thereby increasing the temperature of the coolant in the coolant pipe of the water-cooled condenser 108. The heated coolant is pumped to the heater core 109 through the third water pump 1112. Through heat exchange in the heater core 109, the heat is exchanged into the passenger compartment, thereby increasing the temperature of the passenger compartment.

[0103] In an embodiment of the present application, the thermal management system of the electric vehicle may further include a refrigerant subsystem. As shown in FIG10 , the refrigerant subsystem may transfer the heat absorbed by the heat exchanger 107 to the water-cooled condenser 108 , thereby achieving heat transfer.

[0104] As shown in Figure 10, the refrigerant subsystem includes two circuits. The first circuit of the refrigerant subsystem includes a compressor 113, a water-cooled condenser 108, a liquid storage tank 114, a first expansion valve 115, and a heat exchanger 107. The refrigerant can transfer heat captured in the heat exchanger 107 to the water-cooled condenser 108. Heat exchange occurs between the coolant pipes and the refrigerant pipes in the water-cooled condenser 108, raising the temperature of the coolant in the coolant pipes of the water-cooled condenser 108. The heat is then transferred to the heater core 109 through the pressure applied by the third water pump 1112 or the second water pump 1111, heating the heater core 109.

[0105] The second refrigerant subsystem circuit includes a second expansion valve 116, a water-cooled condenser 108, a liquid storage tank 114, a compressor 113, and an evaporator 117. This second refrigerant circuit allows the evaporator 117 to absorb heat from the air. After compression by the compressor 113, the high-temperature refrigerant is delivered to the refrigerant pipe of the water-cooled condenser 108. Heat exchange increases the temperature of the coolant in the water-cooled condenser 108. Pressure from the third water pump 1112 or the second water pump 1111 transfers the heat to the heater core 109, heating it.

[0106] In addition, an embodiment of the present application further provides a thermal management method for an electric vehicle, which is applied to the thermal management system of the electric vehicle described in the first aspect. The method includes: obtaining operating status information and / or ambient temperature information of the electric vehicle; controlling the positions of the five-way valve 101 and the six-way valve 102 according to the operating status information and / or ambient temperature, and controlling the opening and closing and connection status of each interface, including:

[0107] When the ambient temperature obtained by the control subsystem falls within the preset first temperature range, the positions of the five-way valve 101 and the six-way valve 102 are as shown in Figure 3. The control subsystem controls the first interface 1011 of the five-way valve 101 and the third interface 1013 of the five-way valve 101 to be connected, the second interface 1012 of the five-way valve 101 and the fifth interface 1015 of the five-way valve 101 to be connected, the third interface 1023 of the six-way valve 102 and the fifth interface 1025 of the six-way valve 102 to be connected, and the first interface 1021 of the six-way valve 102 and the fourth interface 1024 of the six-way valve 102 to be connected.

[0108] When the operating status information obtained by the control subsystem includes that the driving time is greater than the first predetermined time, and the obtained ambient temperature is less than the first predetermined temperature, the positions of the five-way valve 101 and the six-way valve 102 are shown in Figure 4, and the control subsystem controls the first interface 1011 of the five-way valve 101 and the third interface 1013 of the five-way valve 101 to be connected, the second interface 1012 of the five-way valve 101 and the fourth interface 1014 of the five-way valve 101 to be connected, the first interface 1021 of the six-way valve 102 and the third interface 1023 of the six-way valve 102 to be connected, and the fourth interface 1024 of the six-way valve 102 and the fifth interface 1025 of the six-way valve 102 to be connected.

[0109] When the ambient temperature obtained by the control subsystem is lower than the second predetermined temperature, the positions of the five-way valve 101 and the six-way valve 102 are as shown in FIG5 , and the control subsystem controls the first interface 1011 of the five-way valve 101 and the third interface 1013 of the five-way valve 101 to be connected, the second interface 1012 of the five-way valve 101 and the fourth interface 1014 of the five-way valve 101 to be connected, the second interface 1022 of the six-way valve 102 and the third interface 1023 of the six-way valve 102 to be connected, and the fourth interface 1024 of the six-way valve 102 and the fifth interface 1025 of the six-way valve 102 to be connected.

[0110] When the operating status information obtained by the control subsystem includes the vehicle cold start status and the obtained ambient temperature is less than the preset third predetermined temperature, the positions of the five-way valve 101 and the six-way valve 102 are shown in Figure 6, and the control subsystem controls the first interface 1011 of the five-way valve 101 and the second interface 1012 of the five-way valve 101 to be connected, the third interface 1013 of the five-way valve 101 and the fourth interface 1014 of the five-way valve 101 to be connected, the second interface 1022 of the six-way valve 102 and the third interface 1023 of the six-way valve 102 to be connected, and the fourth interface 1024 of the six-way valve 102 and the fifth interface 1025 of the six-way valve 102 to be connected.

[0111] When the ambient temperature obtained by the control subsystem falls within the preset third temperature range, the positions of the five-way valve 101 and the six-way valve 102 are as shown in Figure 7. The control subsystem controls the first interface 1011 of the five-way valve 101 and the second interface 1012 of the five-way valve 101 to be connected, the third interface 1013 of the five-way valve 101 and the fifth interface 1015 of the five-way valve 101 to be connected, the second interface 1022 of the six-way valve 102 and the fourth interface 1024 of the six-way valve 102 to be connected, and the third interface 1023 of the six-way valve 102 and the fifth interface 1025 of the six-way valve 102 to be connected.

[0112] It should be understood that the size of the serial numbers of the steps in the above embodiments does not mean the order of execution. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of this application.

[0113] An embodiment of the present application provides an electric vehicle, which includes the thermal management system of the electric vehicle described in any one of Figures 1 to 10.

[0114] Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of a thermal management device for an electric vehicle provided by one embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 11 , the thermal management device 21 for an electric vehicle in this embodiment includes: a processor 210, a memory 211, and a computer program 212 stored in the memory 211 and executable on the processor 210, such as an electric vehicle thermal management program. When the processor 210 executes the computer program 212, it implements the steps of each of the aforementioned electric vehicle thermal management method embodiments. Alternatively, when the processor 210 executes the computer program 212, it implements the functions of each module / unit in each of the aforementioned device embodiments.

[0115] For example, the computer program 212 may be divided into one or more modules / units, which are stored in the memory 211 and executed by the processor 210 to implement the present application. The one or more modules / units may be a series of computer program instruction segments capable of performing specific functions, which are used to describe the execution process of the computer program 212 in the thermal management device 21 of the electric vehicle.

[0116] The thermal management device of the electric vehicle may include, but is not limited to, a processor 210 and a memory 211. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that FIG11 is merely an example of the thermal management device 21 of the electric vehicle and does not limit the thermal management device 21 of the electric vehicle. The thermal management device may include more or fewer components than shown in the figure, or may combine certain components or different components. For example, the thermal management device of the electric vehicle may also include input and output devices, network access devices, buses, etc.

[0117] The processor 210 may be a central processing unit (CPU), or other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSP), application-specific integrated circuits (ASIC), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGA), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc. A general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or any conventional processor.

[0118] The memory 211 may be an internal storage unit of the thermal management device 21 of the electric vehicle, such as a hard disk or memory of the thermal management device 21 of the electric vehicle. The memory 211 may also be an external storage device of the thermal management device 21 of the electric vehicle, such as a plug-in hard disk, a smart media card (SMC), a secure digital (SD) card, a flash card, etc. equipped on the thermal management device 21 of the electric vehicle. Furthermore, the memory 211 may also include both an internal storage unit of the thermal management device 21 of the electric vehicle and an external storage device. The memory 211 is used to store the computer program and other programs and data required by the thermal management device of the electric vehicle. The memory 211 may also be used to temporarily store data that has been output or is about to be output.

[0119] Those skilled in the art can clearly understand that, for the convenience and brevity of description, only the division of the above-mentioned functional units and modules is used as an example for illustration. In actual applications, the above-mentioned functions can be distributed and completed by different functional units and modules as needed, that is, the internal structure of the device can be divided into different functional units or modules to complete all or part of the functions described above. The functional units and modules in the embodiment can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically alone, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit. The above-mentioned integrated unit can be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of software functional units. In addition, the specific names of the functional units and modules are only for the convenience of distinguishing each other, and are not used to limit the scope of protection of this application. The specific working process of the units and modules in the above-mentioned system can refer to the corresponding process in the aforementioned method embodiment, and will not be repeated here.

[0120] In the above embodiments, the description of each embodiment has its own focus. For parts that are not described or recorded in detail in a certain embodiment, reference can be made to the relevant description of other embodiments.

[0121] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the units and algorithm steps of each example described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are performed in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Professional and technical personnel can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of this application.

[0122] In the embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed devices / terminal equipment and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device / terminal equipment embodiments described above are merely illustrative. For example, the division of the modules or units is merely a logical function division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods, such as multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. Another point is that the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed can be through some interfaces, indirect coupling or communication connection of devices or units, which can be electrical, mechanical or other forms.

[0123] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units, and may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of these units may be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment as needed.

[0124] In addition, the functional units in the various embodiments of the present application may be integrated into a single processing unit, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into a single unit. The aforementioned integrated units may be implemented in the form of hardware or software functional units.

[0125] If the integrated module / unit is implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the present application implements all or part of the process in the above-mentioned embodiment method, which can also be completed by hardware related to computer program instructions. The computer program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and when the computer program is executed by the processor, it can implement the steps of the above-mentioned various method embodiments. Among them, the computer program includes computer program code, and the computer program code can be in source code form, object code form, executable file or some intermediate form. The computer-readable medium may include: any entity or device capable of carrying the computer program code, recording medium, USB flash drive, mobile hard disk, magnetic disk, optical disk, computer memory, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), electric carrier signal, telecommunication signal and software distribution medium. It should be noted that the content contained in the computer-readable medium can be appropriately increased or decreased according to the requirements of legislation and patent practice in the jurisdiction. For example, in some jurisdictions, according to legislation and patent practice, computer-readable media do not include electric carrier signals and telecommunication signals.

[0126] The above-described embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, rather than to limit them. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. These modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present application, and should all be included in the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A thermal management system for an electric vehicle, characterized in that: The thermal management system includes a coolant subsystem, which includes a five-way valve, a six-way valve, a PTC heating component, a battery cooling component, a motor cooling component, a radiator, a heat exchanger, a water-cooled condenser, a warm core, a one-way valve, and a water pump. The six-way valve is connected to the motor cooling component, the battery cooling component, the heat exchanger, the water-cooled condenser, and the water pump. The five-way valve is connected to the PTC heating component, the motor cooling component, the heat exchanger, the radiator, and the water pump. By switching the positions of the five-way valve and the six-way valve, multiple different circuits of the coolant subsystem are formed.

2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that The water pumps include a first water pump, a second water pump and a third water pump; The output end of the battery cooling assembly is connected to the input end of the PTC heating assembly through the first water pump, the input end of the battery cooling assembly is connected to the first interface of the six-way valve, the output end of the battery cooling assembly is connected to the second interface of the six-way valve, the output end of the PTC heating assembly is connected to the first interface of the five-way valve, and the input end of the first water pump is connected to the output end of the battery cooling assembly; The second interface of the five-way valve is connected to the third interface of the six-way valve through the heat exchanger; The third interface of the five-way valve is connected to the fourth interface of the six-way valve through a motor cooling assembly; The fifth interface of the six-way valve is connected to the fourth interface of the five-way valve through the second water pump, and the input end of the second water pump is connected to the fifth interface of the six-way valve; The fourth interface of the five-way valve is connected to the fifth interface of the five-way valve through a radiator; The fifth interface of the six-way valve is connected to the sixth interface of the six-way valve through the third water pump and the one-way valve in sequence, and the fifth interface of the six-way valve is connected to the sixth interface of the six-way valve through the water-cooled condenser and the warm core in sequence, and the input end of the third water pump is connected to the input end of the second water pump.

3. The system according to claim 2, characterized in that The coolant subsystem further includes a first fluid replenishment port and a second fluid replenishment port, wherein the first fluid replenishment port is used to replenish fluid for the second water pump and the third water pump, and the second fluid replenishment port is used to replenish fluid for the first water pump.

4. The system according to claim 3, characterized in that The first liquid replenishing port is located at a position where the second water pump and the third water pump are connected, and is the input end of the second water pump and the third water pump, and the second liquid replenishing port is located at the input end of the first water pump.

5. The system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The system also includes a control subsystem, which is used to obtain operating status information and / or ambient temperature information of the electric vehicle, and control the opening and closing of each interface of the five-way valve and the six-way valve according to the operating status information and / or ambient temperature.

6. The system according to claim 5, characterized in that When the ambient temperature obtained by the control subsystem falls within the preset first temperature range, the control subsystem controls the first interface of the five-way valve and the third interface of the five-way valve to be connected, the second interface of the five-way valve and the fifth interface of the five-way valve to be connected, the third interface of the six-way valve and the fifth interface of the six-way valve to be connected, and the first interface of the six-way valve and the fourth interface of the six-way valve to be connected.

7. The system according to claim 5, characterized in that When the operating status information acquired by the control subsystem includes that the driving time is greater than the first predetermined time, and the acquired ambient temperature is less than the first predetermined temperature, the control subsystem controls the first interface of the five-way valve and the third interface of the five-way valve to be connected, the second interface of the five-way valve and the fourth interface of the five-way valve to be connected, the first interface of the six-way valve and the third interface of the six-way valve to be connected, and the fourth interface of the six-way valve and the fifth interface of the six-way valve to be connected.

8. The system according to claim 5, characterized in that When the ambient temperature obtained by the control subsystem is lower than the second predetermined temperature, the control subsystem controls the first interface of the five-way valve and the third interface of the five-way valve to be connected, the second interface of the five-way valve and the fourth interface of the five-way valve to be connected, the second interface of the six-way valve and the third interface of the six-way valve to be connected, and the fourth interface of the six-way valve and the fifth interface of the six-way valve to be connected.

9. The system according to claim 5, characterized in that When the operating status information obtained by the control subsystem includes the vehicle cold start status and the obtained ambient temperature is less than the preset third predetermined temperature, the control subsystem controls the first interface of the five-way valve and the second interface of the five-way valve to be connected, the third interface of the five-way valve and the fourth interface of the five-way valve to be connected, the second interface of the six-way valve and the third interface of the six-way valve to be connected, and the fourth interface of the six-way valve and the fifth interface of the six-way valve to be connected.

10. The system according to claim 5, characterized in that When the ambient temperature obtained by the control subsystem falls within the preset third temperature range, the control subsystem controls the first interface of the five-way valve and the second interface of the five-way valve to be connected, the third interface of the five-way valve and the fifth interface of the five-way valve to be connected, the second interface of the six-way valve and the fourth interface of the six-way valve to be connected, and the third interface of the six-way valve and the fifth interface of the six-way valve to be connected.

11. The system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The control subsystem is further used to receive a cooling instruction or a heating instruction, and control the opening and closing of each interface of the five-way valve and the six-way valve according to the cooling instruction or the heating instruction.

12. The system according to claim 11, characterized in that When the control subsystem receives a refrigeration instruction, the control subsystem controls the first interface of the five-way valve and the second interface of the five-way valve to be connected, the third interface of the five-way valve and the fifth interface of the five-way valve to be connected, the first interface of the six-way valve and the third interface of the six-way valve to be connected, and the fourth interface of the six-way valve and the sixth interface of the six-way valve to be connected.

13. The system according to claim 11, characterized in that When the control subsystem receives a heating instruction, the control subsystem controls the first interface of the five-way valve and the second interface of the five-way valve to be connected, the third interface of the five-way valve and the fourth interface of the five-way valve to be connected, the first interface of the six-way valve and the third interface of the six-way valve to be connected, and the fourth interface of the six-way valve and the fifth interface of the six-way valve to be connected.

14. The system according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that: The thermal management system includes a refrigerant subsystem for transferring heat in the heat exchanger to the water-cooled condenser.

15. The system according to claim 13, characterized in that The refrigerant subsystem includes a compressor, a first expansion valve, the water-cooled condenser, the heat exchanger and a liquid storage tank. The output end of the compressor is connected to the input end of the compressor via the refrigerant pipeline of the water-cooled condenser, the liquid storage tank, the first expansion valve and the refrigerant pipeline of the heat exchanger.

16. The system according to claim 15, characterized in that The refrigerant subsystem further includes a second expansion valve and an evaporator, and the liquid storage tank is connected to the input end of the compressor via the second expansion valve and the evaporator.

17. An electric vehicle, characterized in that: The electric vehicle comprises the thermal management system according to any one of claims 1-15.

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