Filament spool rack for 3D printer, 3D printer, and 3D printing system

Abstract

The present application provides a filament spool rack for a 3D printer, a 3D printer, and a 3D printing system. The filament spool rack comprises: a filament spool rack body; at least two cartridge rotating shafts connected to the filament spool rack body, wherein one cartridge rotating shaft is used for placing one 3D printing filament spool; and at least two feeding / returning devices fixed on the filament spool rack body, wherein each feeding / returning device comprises an extrusion mechanism, and is used for conveying a filament in the 3D printing filament spool on the corresponding cartridge rotating shaft to the 3D printer or returning the filament to the 3D printing filament spool on the corresponding cartridge rotating shaft. By implementing the embodiments of the present application, a plurality of 3D printing filament spools can be placed on the filament spool rack at the same time; and the feeding / returning devices are provided, so that acting forces can be supplied to the filament, facilitating feeding and returning of the filament.

Description

Tray rack for 3D printer, 3D printer and 3D printing system

[0001] This application claims priority to the Chinese patent application filed with the China Patent Office on August 25, 2023, with application number 202322307959.7 and application name “Panel rack for 3D printer, 3D printer and 3D printing system”, and claims priority to the international application filed with the China Patent Office on December 7, 2023, with application number PCT / CN2023 / 137255 and application name “Panel rack for 3D printer, 3D printer and 3D printing system”, and claims priority to the international application filed with the China Patent Office on December 9, 2023, with application number PCT / CN2023 / 137710 and application name “Panel rack for 3D printer, 3D printer and 3D printing system”. All of the above contents are incorporated by reference into this application. Technical Field

[0002] The present application relates to the technical field of 3D printing, and in particular to a material tray rack for a 3D printer, a 3D printer, and a 3D printing system. Background Art

[0003] A 3D printer, also known as a three-dimensional printer or stereo printer, is a rapid prototyping device typically employing digital printing technology. 3D printers use materials such as PLA (polylactic acid) and ABS (acrylonitrile butadiene styrene plastic) as printing materials. These materials are typically wound onto reels for easy access.

[0004] To facilitate user operation, 3D printers are typically equipped with a tray rack. This rack supports and positions the trays, which hold the feed wires. The feed wires in the trays are then inserted into the extruder mechanism of the print head. During operation, the extruder pushes the feed wires toward the nozzles in the print head. This pulls the feed wires in the trays toward the nozzles. In scenarios requiring multiple trays, such as multi-color printing, the tray rack can be bulky and difficult to secure to the 3D printer.

[0005] Summary of the Invention

[0006] The present application provides a material tray rack for a 3D printer, a 3D printer, and a 3D printing system, which can automatically detect material line slippage.

[0007] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a material tray rack for a 3D printer, the material tray rack comprising:

[0008] Tray rack body;

[0009] At least two barrel rotating shafts are connected to the tray frame, wherein one barrel rotating shaft is used to place a 3D printing tray;

[0010] At least two feeding and withdrawing devices are fixed on the material tray frame; wherein each feeding and withdrawing device includes an extrusion mechanism and is used to convey the material line in the 3D printing material tray on the corresponding barrel rotating shaft to the 3D printer, or to withdraw the material line to the 3D printing material tray on the corresponding barrel rotating shaft.

[0011] In an embodiment of the present application, multiple 3D printing material trays can be placed on the material tray rack at the same time; and a feeding and withdrawing device is provided to provide force to the material line. Even if the material tray rack is placed at a distance from the 3D printer, there will be no insufficient extrusion force for feeding or withdrawing the material.

[0012] In combination with the first aspect, in a first possible implementation method, the at least two barrel rotating shafts include barrel rotating shafts distributed on both sides of the tray rack body, and the at least two feeding and withdrawing devices include feeding and withdrawing devices distributed on both sides of the tray rack body, wherein each feeding and withdrawing device corresponds to the barrel rotating shaft located on the same side.

[0013] In the embodiment of the present application, the barrel shaft is arranged on both sides of the tray rack body, which can improve the space utilization of the tray rack.

[0014] In combination with the first aspect or any one of the above possible implementations, in a second possible implementation, at least two barrel rotating shafts include two barrel rotating shafts located on one side of the tray rack body, and the at least two feed and withdraw devices include two feed and withdraw devices located on the same side as the two barrel rotating shafts, and the two feed and withdraw devices are located between the two barrel rotating shafts.

[0015] In the embodiment of the present application, the distance between the 3D printing material tray and the material feeding and withdrawing device is reduced, and the entire material tray rack can be made simpler.

[0016] In combination with the first aspect or any of the above possible implementations, in a third possible implementation, among the two barrel rotating shafts on one side of the tray rack body, the axis of one barrel rotating shaft is higher than the axis of the other barrel rotating shaft.

[0017] In the embodiment of the present application, by arranging the two barrel shafts on one side one high and one low, the space occupied by the 3D printing material tray placed on the two barrel shafts on the horizontal plane can be reduced.

[0018] In combination with the first aspect or any of the above possible implementations, a fourth possible implementation further includes:

[0019] A supporting leg is fixedly connected to the bottom of the material tray rack body, and the supporting leg is used to support the material tray rack body.

[0020] In combination with the first aspect or any one of the above possible implementations, in a fifth possible implementation, one end of the support leg is fixedly connected to the bottom of the tray rack body, and the other end of the support leg is fixed to the 3D printer.

[0021] In an embodiment of the present application, the material tray rack can be fixed on the 3D printer through a bracket.

[0022] In combination with the first aspect or any one of the above possible implementations, in a sixth possible implementation, the at least two barrel rotating shafts correspond one-to-one to the at least two feeding and withdrawing devices.

[0023] In combination with the first aspect or any one of the above possible implementations, in a seventh possible implementation, for any one of the at least two feeding and withdrawing devices, the feeding port of any one of the feeding and withdrawing devices is downward, and the discharging port of any one of the feeding and withdrawing devices is upward; or, the feeding port of any one of the feeding and withdrawing devices is upward, and the discharging port of any one of the feeding and withdrawing devices is downward.

[0024] In combination with the first aspect or any of the above possible implementations, an eighth possible implementation further includes:

[0025] The control component is used to control the feeding and withdrawing device to provide the material line in the 3D printing material tray on the corresponding barrel shaft to the 3D printer, or to control the feeding and withdrawing device to withdraw the material line to the 3D printing material tray on the corresponding barrel shaft.

[0026] In the embodiment of the present application, the feeding device can be controlled by a control component to assist the material line in feeding and withdrawing materials.

[0027] In combination with the first aspect or any of the above possible implementations, in a ninth possible implementation, the feeding and withdrawing device includes:

[0028] Motor;

[0029] A driving gear connected to the motor, wherein the motor is used to drive the driving gear to rotate;

[0030] A driven gear is spaced apart from the driving gear, and the driving gear and the driven gear are used to cooperate to clamp the material line output by the 3D printing material tray;

[0031] The speed sensor is used to measure the speed information of the motor and the movement information of the material line.

[0032] In an embodiment of the present application, based on the motor speed information and the material line movement information measured by the speed sensor, automatic detection of the material line slippage can be achieved.

[0033] In combination with the first aspect or any of the above possible implementations, in a tenth possible implementation, the feeding and withdrawing device further includes:

[0034] A reduction transmission system is connected to the motor shaft of the motor; the output gear of the reduction transmission system is meshed with the driving gear.

[0035] In the embodiment of the present application, the reduction transmission system can avoid the problem of excessive torque being output to the driving gear, which would lead to uncontrollable feeding speed of the material line.

[0036] In combination with the first aspect or any of the above possible implementations, in an eleventh possible implementation, in the second possible implementation, the speed sensor includes:

[0037] A Hall effect speed sensor at the motor end is used to measure the speed information of the motor. The motor is provided with a magnet that rotates with the motor;

[0038] The Hall speed sensor at the feed line end is used to measure the rotational speed information of the driven gear. The driven gear is provided with a magnet that rotates with the driven gear.

[0039] In an embodiment of the present application, the rotational speed information of the driven gear can be measured based on the Hall speed sensor at the end of the material line, and the movement information of the material line can be determined based on the rotational speed information of the driven gear; then, based on the movement information of the material line and the rotational speed information of the motor, it is automatically detected whether the material line has a slipping problem.

[0040] In combination with the first aspect or any of the above possible implementations, in a twelfth possible implementation, the at least two barrel rotating shafts are connected to the tray rack body, including: the at least two barrel rotating shafts are connected to the tray rack body through a fixed tube, the at least two barrel rotating shafts are rotatably connected to the fixed tube, and the fixed tube is fixedly connected to the tray rack body.

[0041] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application further provides a 3D printer, comprising: a tray rack according to the first aspect or any one of the above-mentioned possible implementation methods of the first aspect, wherein the tray rack body of the tray rack is fixedly connected to the frame of the 3D printer.

[0042] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application further provides a 3D printer system, comprising a 3D printer and a material tray rack described in combination with the first aspect or in combination with any one of the above possible implementations of the first aspect.

[0043] It should be understood that the implementation and beneficial effects of the above-mentioned aspects of the present application can be referenced to each other. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0044] FIG1 is a schematic diagram of a scenario of a 3D printing system provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0045] FIG2 is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of the tray rack provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0046] FIG3 is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of the tray rack provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0047] FIG4 is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of the tray rack provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0048] FIG5 is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of the tray rack provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0049] FIG6 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the tray rack provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0050] FIG7a is a schematic plan view of the structure of a material feeding and withdrawing device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0051] FIG7 b is a schematic plan view of the structure of the feeding and withdrawing device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0052] FIG8 is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of the material feeding and withdrawing device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0053] FIG9 is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of the material feeding and withdrawing device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0054] FIG10 is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of the material feeding and withdrawing device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0055] FIG11 is a diagram showing the working state of the driving assembly provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0056] FIG12 is a diagram showing the working state of the material guiding device provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0057] The implementation of the technical solution of the present application is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0058] 1 , which is a schematic diagram of a 3D printing system according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG1 , the 3D printing system 10 includes a tray rack 101 and a 3D printer 102 connected to the tray rack 101 .

[0059] The tray rack 101 includes a feed / return device 1011, a barrel shaft 1012, and a tray rack body 1013. The barrel shaft 1012 may include a sleeve and a fixed tube, wherein the sleeve is detachably connected to the fixed tube of the tray rack 101. The barrel shaft 1012 is used to suspend or support the tray 103. A material line 104 is wound around the tray 103. This material line 104 can be supplied to the 3D printer through the feed / return device 1011, or returned to the tray 103 through the feed / return device 1011. In other words, the feed / return device 1011 can be used for both feeding and withdrawing material.

[0060] The 3D printer 102 includes a print head 1021, which includes a material guide unit 10211, a nozzle 10212, and an extrusion assembly disposed between the material guide unit 10211 and the nozzle 10212. The extrusion assembly also serves as a material feed and return device. During the material feed process from the tray rack 101, the material line 104 passes through the material guide unit 10211 and then enters the extrusion assembly, which delivers the material line 104 to the nozzle 10212. During the material return process from the tray rack 101, the 3D printer 102 cuts the material line 104 in the print head 1021, and the extrusion assembly delivers the material line 104 to the tray rack 101. The material feed and return device 1011 in the tray rack 101 returns the material line 104 to the tray 103.

[0061] Optionally, the 3D printer 102 can, for example, cut the material line 104 between the extrusion assembly and the nozzle 10212 or can cut the material line 104 in the extrusion assembly, etc. This application does not limit the position where the 3D printer cuts the printing material.

[0062] Exemplarily, the 3D printer 102 also includes a print panel 1023, a heated bed 1024, and a base 1025. The heated bed 1024 is located on the side of the base 1025 facing the nozzle 1022 and has a heating function. The print panel 1023 is located on the side of the heated bed 1024 facing the nozzle 1022. Heat from the heated bed 1024 is transferred to the print panel 1023, allowing the nozzle 1022 to extrude molten printing material onto the print panel 1023.

[0063] In a specific implementation, the 3D printer adjusts the temperatures of the nozzle 1022 and the heated bed 1024 based on the material information of the filament 104. The temperature of the nozzle 1022 is adjusted to heat the filament 104 to a molten state, and the temperature of the heated bed 1024 is adjusted to adhere the filament 104 extruded from the nozzle 1022 to the printing panel 1023. The print head 1021 is slidably connected to the first guide rail 1026 and can move along the length of the first guide rail 1026, thereby achieving a printing path for the 3D printer 102 along the length of the first guide rail 1026. The heated bed 1024 is slidably connected to the second guide rail 1027 and can move along the length of the second guide rail 1027, thereby achieving a printing path for the 3D printer 102 along the length of the second guide rail 1027. The length of the second guide rail 1027 is perpendicular to the length of the first guide rail 1026. Furthermore, the first guide rail 1026 is slidably connected to the third guide rail 10128. By moving the first guide rail 1026 along the third guide rail 102, the 3D printer 102 can achieve a printing path perpendicular to the length of the second guide rail 1027 and the length of the first guide rail 1026. In other words, the 3D printer 102 can achieve three mutually perpendicular printing paths to print a three-dimensional object.

[0064] In the embodiment of the present application, the structure of the material tray rack can assist the feeding and withdrawing of materials in the material line, and multiple 3D printing material trays can be placed on the material tray rack.

[0065] The structure of the tray rack is described in detail below with reference to FIG. 2 to FIG. 7 b .

[0066] Referring to FIG2 , FIG2 is a schematic structural diagram of a material tray rack according to an embodiment of the present application, and the material tray rack may include:

[0067] Tray rack body 1.

[0068] At least two barrel shafts 2 are connected to the tray frame 1, wherein one barrel shaft 2 is used to place a 3D printing tray.

[0069] At least two feeding and withdrawing devices 3 are fixed on the material tray frame 1; wherein each feeding and withdrawing device 3 includes an extrusion mechanism and is used to transport the material line in the 3D printing material tray on the corresponding barrel rotating shaft 2 to the 3D printer, or to withdraw the material line into the 3D printing material tray on the corresponding barrel rotating shaft 2.

[0070] In a specific implementation process, the barrel shaft 2 can be rotatably connected to the tray frame body 1 or fixedly connected.

[0071] Specifically, the barrel shaft 2 may include a sleeve and a fixed tube, wherein the sleeve is sleeved outside the fixed tube and is used to suspend or support the 3D printing material tray.

[0072] Specifically, the barrel shaft 2 may also include a sleeve instead of a fixed tube. The connection between the barrel shaft 2 and the tray frame body 1 may be understood as the barrel shaft 2 being directly connected to the tray frame body 1, or the barrel shaft 2 being indirectly connected to the tray frame body 1 through a fixed tube.

[0073] The barrel shaft 2 can rotate relative to the tray rack body 1, which can be understood as: the sleeve is rotatably connected to the fixed tube, and the fixed tube is fixed to the tray rack body 1; or, the sleeve is fixedly connected to the fixed tube, and the fixed tube is rotatably connected to the tray rack body 1; or, the sleeve is rotatably connected to the fixed tube, and the fixed tube is rotatably connected to the tray rack body 1, or, the sleeve is fixedly connected to the fixed tube, and the fixed tube is fixed to the tray rack body 1.

[0074] The term "connection" includes both detachable and non-detachable connections. For example, a fixed connection may include both a detachable fixed connection and a non-detachable fixed connection, a rotational connection may include both a detachable rotational connection and a non-detachable rotational connection, and a sliding connection may include both a detachable sliding connection and a non-detachable sliding connection. Connections may also be direct or indirect via a component. For example, a detachable fixed connection refers to a connection in which the positional relationship between at least two connected objects can be fixed in the installed state. Similarly, rotational connections and sliding connections may be used as examples.

[0075] In order to ensure that the material line in the 3D printing material tray can be stably moved from the 3D printing material tray to the print head of the 3D printer, or stably returned to the 3D printing material tray, the embodiment of the present application proposes a material tray rack including a feeding and withdrawing device. The feeding and withdrawing device arranged on the material tray rack assists the feeding and withdrawing of the feeding and withdrawing device of the 3D printer, which can effectively avoid the problem of no material line available to the print head due to insufficient extrusion force of the extrusion mechanism, or the problem that the material line returned to the 3D printing material tray cannot be returned to the 3D printing material tray normally, thereby improving the efficiency and stability of feeding and withdrawing materials of the 3D printer.

[0076] In an embodiment of the present application, the tray rack may include a tray rack body 1, which can be used to accommodate the barrel shaft 2 and the feed and withdraw device 3; the shape of the tray rack can be set according to actual conditions, for example: a rectangular parallelepiped, a cube, an ellipsoid, etc., and the tray rack body 1 can be flat, etc., and the embodiment of the present application does not limit this.

[0077] The tray rack may also include a barrel shaft 2 for accommodating a 3D printing tray. Each barrel shaft 2 can accommodate one 3D printing tray. The barrel shaft 2 may be connected to the tray rack body 1. Specifically, the axis of the barrel shaft 2 is perpendicular to a surface of the tray rack body 1 where the connection between the barrel shaft 2 and the tray rack body 1 is located. The barrel shaft 2 can rotate relative to the tray rack body 1 so that it rotates with the 3D printing tray when the 3D printing tray rotates, thereby reducing friction and resistance on the 3D printing tray.

[0078] In one possible implementation, when a user uses a 3D printer to print an object, he or she may need to use material lines of different colors and materials, and material lines of different colors and materials correspond to different 3D printing material trays; in order to improve the efficiency of 3D printing, the barrel shaft 2 can include at least two, and different barrel shafts 2 can be used to store material lines of different colors and materials; in this way, the material tray racks of at least two barrel shafts 2 can hold at least two 3D printing material trays, and the material lines stored in these at least two 3D printing material trays can be of different colors and / or different materials, and the embodiments of the present application do not limit this.

[0079] The feeding and withdrawing devices in the material tray rack may also include at least two; specifically, at least two barrel rotating shafts correspond one to one with at least two feeding and withdrawing devices; that is: one feeding and withdrawing device corresponds to one barrel rotating shaft, and one feeding and withdrawing device passes through the material line in the 3D printing material tray placed on the corresponding barrel rotating shaft.

[0080] The extrusion mechanism can be equipped with a motor, a gear set, etc.; the motor drives the gear set to rotate, and the material line between the gear sets is moved toward the print head or toward the 3D printing material tray under the rotation of the gear set to complete the feeding or withdrawal of the material line. Compared with relying solely on the extrusion mechanism in the print head to complete the feeding and withdrawal of the material line, the embodiment of the present application also relies on the feeding and withdrawal device provided on the material tray frame, which can make the feeding and withdrawal of the material line more stable.

[0081] In one embodiment of the present application, although at least two barrel rotating shafts can enable the 3D printer to achieve 3D printing of material lines of different colors and materials, it will increase the space occupied by the material tray rack. In order to reduce the space occupied by the at least two barrel rotating shafts and the at least two feeding and withdrawing devices, in one example, the at least two barrel rotating shafts and the two feeding and withdrawing devices can be arranged with reference to the following positions:

[0082] At least two barrel rotating shafts include barrel rotating shafts distributed on both sides of the material tray frame body, and at least two feeding and withdrawing devices include feeding and withdrawing devices distributed on both sides of the material tray frame body, wherein each feeding and withdrawing device corresponds to the barrel rotating shaft located on the same side.

[0083] Specifically, at least two barrel rotating shafts can be distributedly arranged on both sides of the tray rack body to fully utilize the space on different sides of the tray rack body; for any barrel rotating shaft, its axis can be perpendicular to the side of the connected tray rack body.

[0084] In addition, the at least two feed and withdraw devices can also be distributed like the barrel shaft; that is, the at least two feed and withdraw devices can also be distributed on both sides of the tray rack body. For any feed and withdraw device, it can correspond to the barrel shaft on the same side of the tray rack body; that is, the feed and withdraw device can be embedded in the material line of the 3D printing tray placed on the barrel shaft on the same side of the tray rack body.

[0085] In one embodiment of the present application, at least two barrel rotating shafts and two feeding and withdrawing devices can be specifically arranged with reference to the following positions:

[0086] The at least two barrel rotating shafts include two barrel rotating shafts located on one side of the material tray frame, and the at least two feeding and withdrawing devices include two feeding and withdrawing devices located on the same side as the two barrel rotating shafts, and the two feeding and withdrawing devices are located between the two barrel rotating shafts.

[0087] As shown in Figure 3, at least two barrel shafts 4 may include two barrel shafts 4 located on the same side of the tray frame body 5, and the two barrel shafts 4 may be arranged at intervals on the same side of the tray frame body 5; accordingly, the two feed and withdraw devices 6 corresponding to the two barrel shafts 4 may also be arranged on this side of the tray frame body 5 to reduce the distance between the 3D printing tray and the feed and withdraw device 6, thereby reducing the distance the material line travels; and, placing the barrel shaft 4 and the feed and withdraw device 6 on the same side of the tray frame body 5 can reduce the bending of the material line between the 3D printing tray and the feed and withdraw device 6, which not only makes the tray frame more concise, but also reduces the friction of the material line feeding and withdrawing, thereby improving the stability of the material line feeding and withdrawing.

[0088] In one possible implementation, the two feeding and withdrawing devices 6 on the same side can be located between the two barrel shafts 4 on that side; on the one hand, it can make the entire material tray rack tidier, so that the material lines are delivered to the 3D printer from similar positions, avoiding multiple material lines from being delivered to the printer from different positions, thereby causing waste of space; on the other hand, it can also avoid the feeding and withdrawing devices 6 being too far away from the corresponding barrel shaft 4, causing the material line to travel too long a distance.

[0089] As an example, two feeding and withdrawing devices are located in the center of the tray rack body 5.

[0090] As an example, two barrel shafts 4 on the same side are located at both ends of the tray frame 5 .

[0091] As an example, the two barrel shafts on the same side of the tray rack can be set up according to the following positions:

[0092] Among the two barrel rotating shafts on one side of the tray rack body, the axis of one barrel rotating shaft is higher than the axis of the other barrel rotating shaft.

[0093] As shown in Figure 4, among the two barrel rotating shafts 8 on the same side of the tray rack body 7, the axis of one barrel rotating shaft 8 can be set to be higher than the axis of the other barrel rotating shaft 8; compared with the parallel setting, the high and low setting can reduce the space occupied by the two barrel rotating shafts 8 in the horizontal direction.

[0094] In one embodiment of the present application, the tray rack may further include:

[0095] The support legs are fixedly connected to the bottom of the material tray rack body, and the support legs are used to support the material tray rack body.

[0096] In a possible implementation, as shown in FIG5 , the bottom of the tray rack body 9 of the tray rack can be fixedly connected to a supporting leg 10 so as to support the tray rack body 9 through the supporting leg 10 .

[0097] As an example, one end of the support bracket is fixedly connected to the bottom of the material tray rack, and the other end of the support bracket is fixed to the 3D printer.

[0098] The supporting legs can support the material tray rack body on the 3D printer; wherein, the supporting legs can be fixedly connected to the bottom of the material tray rack body at one end, and fixedly connected to the 3D printer at the other end; the other end of the supporting legs can be fixed at different positions of the 3D printer according to actual conditions, for example: it can be fixed to the top of the 3D printer, or to the side of the 3D printer, and the embodiments of the present application do not limit this.

[0099] For example, as shown in FIG6 , at least two barrel shafts 12 are provided on either side of the tray rack body 11, with one barrel shaft 12 on one side arranged higher than the other. A feeding and withdrawing device 13 is provided between the two barrel shafts 12 on one side and fixed to the tray rack body 11. The bottom of the tray rack body 11 is connected to a support leg 14.

[0100] In some feasible embodiments, for any of the at least two feeding and withdrawing devices, the feeding port of any feeding and withdrawing device is downward, and the discharging port of any feeding and withdrawing device is upward; or, the feeding port of any feeding and withdrawing device is upward, and the discharging port of any feeding and withdrawing device is downward.

[0101] Optionally, to reduce the turning of the material line's moving path, the orientation of the feed and discharge ports of the feed and discharge device can be set based on the vertical height of the print head and the vertical height of the feed and discharge device. The feed port is connected to the material line of the 3D printing material tray, and the discharge port is connected to the print head.

[0102] For example: as shown in Figure 7a, when the print head 19 is higher than the feed and return device 20, the feed and return ports of the feed and return device 20 can be set as: the feed port 21 is downward and the discharge port 22 is upward; as shown in Figure 7b, when the print head 23 is lower than the feed and return device 24, the feed and return ports of the feed and return device 24 can be set as: the feed port 25 is upward and the discharge port 26 is downward.

[0103] In the first embodiment of the present application, the feeding and withdrawing device may include:

[0104] Motor;

[0105] A driving gear is connected to the motor, and the motor is used to drive the driving gear to rotate;

[0106] The driven gear is spaced apart from the driving gear. The driving gear and the driven gear are used to cooperate to clamp the material line output from the 3D printing tray;

[0107] The speed sensor is used to measure the speed information of the motor and the movement information of the material line.

[0108] In some feasible embodiments, as shown in Figure 8, the feeding and withdrawing device 15 may include a motor 17 that drives a driving gear 18 to rotate, and the driving gear 18 may be connected to the motor shaft of the motor 17; the driven gear 19 may be spaced apart from the driving gear 18, and the gap may be less than or equal to the diameter of the material line 20; the driving gear 18 and the driven gear 19 may cooperate with each other to clamp the material line 20 in the gap, and during the rotation of the driving gear 18, based on the friction between the driving gear 18 and the material line 20, and the pressure applied to the material line 20 by the driven gear 19 and the driving gear 18, the material line 20 is delivered to the print head or returned to the 3D printing material tray.

[0109] In order to detect the slippage of the material line 20 of the feed and withdraw device 15, a speed sensor 21 can be additionally provided in the feed and withdraw device 15, and the speed sensor 21 can be used to measure the rotation speed information of the motor 17 and the movement information of the material line 20; in the embodiment of the present application, the theoretical movement information of the material line can be determined based on the rotation speed information of the motor, and by comparing the theoretical movement information of the material line with the actually collected movement information of the material line, whether the material line is slipping can be automatically detected.

[0110] In some feasible embodiments, the feeding and withdrawing device of the tray rack may further include:

[0111] The reduction transmission system is connected to the motor shaft of the motor; the output gear of the reduction transmission system is meshed with the driving gear.

[0112] In the embodiment of the present application, to prevent the motor from applying excessive torque to the driving gear, which would result in excessively fast material feed and withdrawal speeds, a reduction transmission system can be provided between the motor and the driving gear. Specifically, as shown in FIG9 , the motor shaft of motor 22 can be connected to driving gear 24 via reduction transmission system 23 ; wherein the output gear of reduction transmission system 23 can mesh with driving gear 24 . Thus, the torque actually output by motor 22 to driving gear 24 is a controlled torque. By implementing the embodiment of the present application, the material feed and withdrawal speeds of the material line can be controlled.

[0113] In some feasible implementations, the speed sensor may include:

[0114] The Hall effect sensor at the motor end is used to measure the motor's speed information. The motor is equipped with a magnet that rotates with the motor.

[0115] The Hall speed sensor at the feed line end is used to measure the rotational speed information of the driven gear. The driven gear is provided with a magnet that rotates with the driven gear.

[0116] Among them, a motor-end Hall speed sensor can be set for the motor. This motor-end Hall speed sensor can obtain motor speed information by measuring the speed of a magnet set on the motor and rotating with the motor. The material line-end Hall speed sensor set for the material line can measure the speed of a magnet set on the driven gear and rotating with the driven gear.

[0117] Since the movement information of the material line is proportional to the rotational speed information of the driven gear, the movement information of the material line can be determined based on the rotational speed information after obtaining the rotational speed information of the driven gear.

[0118] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG10 , the tray rack may further include:

[0119] The control component 25 is connected to the motor 26 and the speed sensor 27;

[0120] The control component 25 is used to receive the speed information of the motor 26 and the movement information of the material line sent by the speed sensor 27; and to send control information to the motor 26.

[0121] The control component can be a control component of the feeding and withdrawing device, or a control component set for the material tray rack, and the embodiment of the present application does not limit this.

[0122] The control component can be connected to the motor and the speed sensor; the control component connected to the speed sensor can obtain the motor speed information and the material line movement information from the speed sensor, and detect whether the material line is slipping based on the speed information and the movement information. Of course, the control component can also send the speed information and the movement information to other control units to identify and detect whether the material line is slipping, and the embodiment of the present application does not limit this. Specifically, detecting whether the material line is slipping based on the speed information and the movement information includes: determining the speed of the driving gear based on the speed information, determining the speed of the driven gear based on the movement information, and determining that the material line is slipping when the speed of the driving gear is greater than the speed of the driven gear.

[0123] When the control component determines that the material line is slipping, it can send control information to the motor to stop the operation of the motor; when the control component determines that the material line is not slipping, it can control the motor to continue to operate according to the previous control parameters. The embodiment of the present application does not limit this.

[0124] In a feasible embodiment, if other control units identify and detect whether the material line is slipping, the control component can send control information to the motor to stop the operation of the motor after receiving information indicating that the material line is slipping.

[0125] On the other hand, an embodiment of the present application further provides a 3D printer, which may include any one of the material tray racks described above, wherein the material tray rack body of the material tray rack may be fixedly connected to the frame of the 3D printer and provide a material line to the 3D printer.

[0126] Referring to FIG. 11 , another embodiment of the present application provides another material tray rack for a 3D printer, comprising:

[0127] Tray rack body;

[0128] At least two barrel shafts are connected to the tray frame, wherein one barrel shaft is used to place a 3D printing tray;

[0129] The driving assembly is used to drive the first barrel rotating shaft of the at least two barrel rotating shafts to rotate, so that the first barrel rotating shaft drives the 3D printing material tray placed on the first barrel rotating shaft to rotate.

[0130] In a specific implementation process, the first barrel rotating shaft may be any one of the at least two barrel rotating shafts.

[0131] Specifically, the driving component can drive the first barrel shaft to rotate, thereby driving the 3D printing material tray connected to the first barrel shaft to rotate, so that the material line on the 3D printing material tray can be transported to the 3D printer as it rotates, or the material line can be returned to the 3D printing material tray corresponding to the first barrel shaft.

[0132] In order to ensure that the material line in the 3D printing material tray can be stably moved from the 3D printing material tray to the print head of the 3D printer, or stably returned to the 3D printing material tray, the embodiment of the present application proposes a material tray rack including a driving component. The driving component arranged on the material tray rack drives the first barrel rotating shaft to rotate forward or reverse when feeding or returning the material, thereby assisting the feeding and returning of the feeding and returning device of the 3D printer. This can effectively avoid the problem of no material line available to the print head due to insufficient extrusion force of the extrusion mechanism, or the problem that the material line cannot be normally returned to the 3D printing material tray, thereby improving the efficiency and stability of feeding and returning materials to the 3D printer.

[0133] In a feasible embodiment, the driving assembly is used to drive the first barrel shaft to rotate along the first direction 501, so as to retract the material line into the 3D printing material tray on the first barrel shaft.

[0134] In the specific implementation process, the first direction 501 can be any direction, as long as the driving component drives the first barrel shaft to rotate along the first direction 501, the material line can be retracted into the 3D printing material tray on the first barrel shaft.

[0135] Specifically, after the material line of the 3D printing material tray is cut off, the first barrel shaft can be driven to rotate along the first direction 501 by the driving component, so that the material line of the 3D printing material tray can be retreated into the 3D printing material tray to achieve material line recovery of the 3D printing material tray.

[0136] In a feasible embodiment, the driving assembly includes a motor 210 and a ratchet structure that is transmission-connected to the motor 210, the ratchet structure is engaged with the first gear, and the first gear is transmission-connected to the first barrel shaft. When the driving assembly is used to drive the first barrel shaft to rotate along the first direction 501, the motor 210 is transmission-connected to the first barrel shaft. When the driving assembly is used to drive the first barrel shaft to rotate along the second direction 502, the motor 210 is transmission-decoupled from the first barrel shaft, and the first direction 501 is opposite to the second direction 502.

[0137] Specifically, the motor 210 includes at least two rotation modes, which include a first rotation mode and a second rotation mode. The first rotation mode and the second rotation mode can respectively output the material line to the 3D printer when feeding and returning the material, or return the material line from the 3D printer.

[0138] It is understandable that the first rotation mode and the second rotation mode refer to two rotation modes in opposite directions. Among the two rotation modes in opposite directions, one corresponds to the material return operation and the other corresponds to the material feeding operation. In other words, the correspondence between the first rotation mode and the second rotation mode and the material feeding and material return is not unique and can be determined according to the actual setting. For example, assuming that the first rotation mode is the forward rotation of the motor 210 and the second rotation mode is the reverse rotation of the motor 210; if the forward rotation is to feed the material line to the 3D printer, then the reverse rotation is to return the material line to the 3D printing material tray; conversely, if the forward rotation is to return the material line to the 3D printing material tray, then the reverse rotation is to feed the material line to the 3D printer.

[0139] In a specific implementation, the motor 210 can drive the first barrel shaft to rotate along the first direction 501 through the first rotation mode (or the second rotation mode), thereby driving the 3D printing material tray to return the material line to the 3D printing material tray, thereby realizing material line recovery.

[0140] Specifically, the ratchet structure is mounted on the output shaft or drive shaft of the motor 210 and meshes with the first gear on the first barrel shaft. In one embodiment, assuming that the motor 210 is in the first rotation mode, the pawl of the ratchet structure can drive the ratchet to rotate, which in turn causes the gear of the ratchet structure to drive the first gear to rotate. The first gear then drives the first barrel shaft to rotate through the transmission of the first barrel shaft. After the material line in the 3D printing material tray on the first barrel shaft is delivered to the extrusion mechanism, the motor 210 is controlled to stop working. At this time, the material line can be pulled by the extrusion mechanism to continue feeding, avoiding the problem of asynchrony between the ratchet motor and the material guide device or the extrusion mechanism. If the motor 210 rotates in the second rotation mode, due to the clutch characteristics of the pawl, after the friction force of the ratchet increases to a certain level, it cannot drive the ratchet to rotate, causing the ratchet to lose power and stop rotating. However, when the friction force of the ratchet is relatively small, the ratchet can still rotate and retract the material line above the extrusion structure. Even when the material withdrawal distance is short, the material line can be withdrawn to the 3D printing material tray on the first barrel shaft. It can be seen that in this embodiment, the ratchet structure drives the first barrel shaft to deliver the material line to the extrusion mechanism of the 3D printer during feeding, and then the 3D printing material tray can rotate slowly with the traction force of the material guide device or the extrusion mechanism to feed the material, and the friction force of the ratchet is relied on to withdraw the material during withdrawal.

[0141] It is understandable that, in another case, the pawls of the ratchet structure are set in reverse phase, so that the first barrel shaft can lose power in the first rotation mode and drive the first barrel shaft to rotate in the second rotation mode.

[0142] Alternatively, the ratchet structure is sleeved on the output shaft or transmission shaft of the motor 210 and meshes with the first gear on the first barrel shaft. The pawl of the ratchet structure can drive the ratchet to rotate, and then the gear of the ratchet structure can drive the first gear to rotate, and the first gear drives the first barrel shaft to rotate through the transmission of the first barrel shaft; if the motor 210 rotates in the second rotation mode, due to the clutch characteristics of the pawl, it cannot drive the ratchet to rotate, causing the ratchet to lose power and stop rotating, and eventually causing the first barrel shaft to lose rotational power. At this time, the 3D printing material box can be provided with traction by the material guide device or the extrusion mechanism to convey the material line to the 3D printer. It is understandable that in another case, the pawl of the ratchet structure is set in reverse phase, so that the first barrel shaft can lose power in the first rotation mode and drive the first barrel shaft to rotate in the second rotation mode. It can be seen that in this embodiment, the ratchet structure is used to drive the first barrel shaft to drive the 3D printing material tray to return the material line into the 3D printing material tray during material withdrawal, thereby realizing material line recovery. When feeding, the drive of the first barrel shaft is stopped, so that the 3D printing material tray can rotate with the traction force of the material guide device or the extrusion mechanism to slowly discharge the material, thereby improving the material withdrawal efficiency and ensuring the feeding effect.

[0143] In a feasible embodiment, the driving assembly is used to drive the first barrel shaft to rotate along the second direction 502 to transport the material line in the 3D printing material tray on the first barrel shaft to the 3D printer, and the first direction 501 is opposite to the second direction 502.

[0144] In a specific implementation, the motor 210 of the driving assembly can drive the first barrel shaft to rotate along the second direction 502 through the second rotation mode (or the first rotation mode).

[0145] In a feasible embodiment, the driving assembly includes a motor 210 and a clutch element 310 , and the clutch element 310 is used to connect or disconnect the motor 210 from the first barrel shaft.

[0146] In a specific implementation, the drive assembly may include a motor 210 and a clutch element 310. When feeding, the motor 210 drives the first barrel shaft to rotate in the second direction 502 through the clutch element 310, and finally drives the 3D printing tray to rotate in the second direction 502 to transport the material line from the 3D printing tray to the 3D printer, thereby realizing the feeding function. When it is necessary to switch from feeding to retracting, the motor 210 changes the direction of rotation and rotates in a fourth direction opposite to the third direction, so that the clutch assembly is separated from the first barrel shaft, and finally connected in another way, so that the clutch assembly drives the first barrel shaft to rotate in the first direction 501, and finally drives the 3D printing tray to rotate, so as to recycle the material line into the 3D printing tray, thereby realizing material line recycling.

[0147] In some feasible embodiments, the clutch element 310 includes a connecting member 312, a first connecting gear 311 and a second connecting gear 313, the connecting member 312 and the first connecting gear 311 are sleeved on the output shaft of the motor 210 or the transmission shaft connected to the motor 210, and the second connecting gear 313 is rotatably connected to the connecting member 312 and meshes with the first connecting gear 311, wherein the connecting member 312 abuts against the first connecting gear 311 so that the connecting member 312 and the second connecting gear 313 can rotate along the circumference of the transmission shaft or the output shaft as the first connecting gear 311 rotates.

[0148] Specifically, the first connecting gear 311 is sleeved on the output shaft of the motor 210 or the transmission shaft connected to the motor 210, and is connected to the transmission shaft in a shape-matched manner. That is, the first connecting gear 311 can be provided with a non-circular through-hole, and the transmission shaft can have a matching section that matches the shape of the non-circular through-hole; the transmission shaft can be sleeved on the matching section, so that the first connecting gear 311 can remain relatively stationary with the transmission shaft. Alternatively, the first connecting gear 311 can be provided with a circular through-hole, and a clamping structure can be provided in the circular through-hole, and the transmission shaft can be provided with a clamping groove that matches the shape of the clamping structure, so that the first connecting gear is connected to the transmission shaft in a matching manner, so that the first connecting gear 311 can remain relatively stationary with the transmission shaft. When the transmission shaft rotates under the drive of the motor 210, the first connecting gear 311 can rotate along with it.

[0149] Furthermore, the connecting member 312 comprises a first component and a second component. The first component comprises a first end that is mounted on the transmission shaft and a second end opposite the first end. The second component comprises a third end that is mounted on the transmission shaft and a fourth end opposite the first end. The first and third ends can respectively abut against two sides of the first connecting gear 311 along the rotation axis of the first connecting gear 311; the second and fourth ends can respectively abut against two sides of the second connecting gear 313 along the rotation axis of the second connecting gear 313. The connecting member 312 can be made of common materials such as metal or plastic. The first end can be provided with a first through-hole, and the third end can be provided with a second through-hole. The transmission shaft can be sequentially inserted through the first through-hole, the circular through-hole of the first connecting gear 311, and the second through-hole. The second end can be provided with a third through-hole, and the fourth end can be provided with a fourth through-hole. The second connecting gear can be provided with a fifth through-hole, and then, via the first connecting shaft, sequentially inserted through the third through-hole, the fifth through-hole, and the fourth through-hole. In which, the first end and the third end can be an integral connection structure, there is a first gap between the first end and the third end, and the distance of the first gap is less than or equal to the width of the first connecting gear 311 along the direction of the rotation axis; or the second end and the fourth end can be an integral connection structure, there is a second gap between the second end and the fourth end, and the distance of the second gap is less than or equal to the width of the second connecting gear 313 along the direction of the rotation axis.

[0150] In one possible embodiment, a second connecting shaft integral with the first component is provided on the second end of the first component. The second connecting shaft is sequentially passed through the fifth through hole of the second connecting gear and the sixth through hole of the fourth end of the second component, so that the second connecting gear 313 is rotatably connected to the second connecting shaft. In the example, a rotating shaft is integrally provided on the second end of the first component, and the rotating shaft passes through the second connecting gear 313, thereby rotatably connecting the second connecting gear 313 to the first component. At this time, the first and second components are clamped on both sides of the rotation axis of the first and second connecting gears 311 and 313 by an additional clamping structure, so that the first and second components clamp the first and second connecting gears 311 and 313. That is, although the first end of the first component and the third end of the second component are mounted on the transmission shaft, they are not directly fixed to each other. The first and second components can maintain relative fixation by relying on the pressure generated by their mutual abutment with the first connecting gear 311. This pressure creates friction between the first and second components and the first connecting gear 311. This friction causes the connecting member 312 and the second connecting gear 313, formed by the first and second components, to pivot along the circumference of the transmission shaft as the transmission shaft and the first connecting gear 311 rotate. In other words, the first connecting gear 311, the second connecting gear 313, and the connecting member 312 can rotate as a whole with the transmission shaft. In addition, when an external force is applied, it can be used to overcome the friction between the connecting member 312 and the second connecting gear 313, allowing the connecting member 312 and the second connecting gear 313 to rotate as a whole relative to the first connecting gear 311. In other words, the connecting member 312 and the second connecting gear 313 can pivot along the circumference of the transmission shaft.

[0151] Furthermore, to ensure that the first connecting gear 311 abuts against the connecting member 312, the drive shaft may be provided with two shoulders, each of which may have a diameter greater than the diameter of the drive shaft. These shoulders may be located on either side of the clutch assembly along the drive shaft axis, with the connecting member 312 abutting against one shoulder and the first connecting gear 311 abutting against the other. Properly adjusting the distance between the two shoulders ensures that the connecting member 312 abuts against the first connecting gear 311.

[0152] In one feasible embodiment, the motor 210 rotates in a third direction to drive the second connecting gear 313 from the first position 01 to the second position 02, or from the second position 02 to the third position 03. The motor 210 rotates in a fourth direction to drive the second connecting gear 313 from the third position 03 to the second position 02, or from the second position 02 to the first position 01. The third direction is opposite to the fourth direction, and the second position 02 is located between the first position 01 and the third position 03. Specifically, along the rotation path of the second connecting gear, the second position 02 is located between the first position 01 and the third position 03.

[0153] When the second connecting gear 313 is in the first position 01, the second connecting gear 313 is engaged with one side of the first gear 401, and the first gear 401 is connected to the first barrel shaft. Specifically, a seventh through hole 601 can be provided on the first gear 401, and then the first gear 401 is sleeved on the shaft body of the first barrel shaft through the seventh through hole 601, so that the first gear 401 can drive the first barrel shaft to rotate.

[0154] The motor 210 rotates in the fourth direction to drive the first barrel shaft to rotate in the second direction 502, so as to deliver the material line in the 3D printing material tray on the first barrel shaft to the 3D printer;

[0155] When the second connecting gear 313 is located at the third position 03, the second connecting gear 313 is engaged with the other side of the first gear 401, and the motor 210 rotates in the third direction to drive the first barrel shaft to rotate in the first direction 501, so as to retract the material line into the 3D printing material tray on the first barrel shaft;

[0156] When the second connecting gear 313 is located at the second position 02, the motor 210 is disengaged from the first barrel shaft.

[0157] After the filament from the 3D printing material tray on the first barrel shaft is fed to the extruder of the 3D printer, the motor 210 is controlled to rotate the second connecting gear 313 to the second position 02, disconnecting the transmission between the second connecting gear 313 and the first gear 401. This prevents the motor 210 from being out of sync with the motor of the extruder. Asynchronous motion between the two motors can cause the filament to pull or sag.

[0158] In a specific implementation, in order to enable the second connecting gear 313 to drive the first barrel shaft to rotate, a first gear 401 can be mounted on the shaft of the first barrel shaft, or the first gear 401 can drive the first barrel shaft through friction, or a gear structure can be provided on the first barrel shaft, and the gear structure can mesh with the first gear 401. This application does not limit how the first gear drives the first barrel shaft. By coupling the first gear 401 with the second connecting gear 313, when the second connecting gear 313 rotates under the drive of the first connecting gear 311, the second connecting gear 313 can drive the first gear 401 to rotate, thereby driving the first barrel shaft to rotate in the first direction 501.

[0159] In the example, the second position 02 is the position of the clutch element 310 when the motor 210 stops working, the third position 03 is the position of the clutch element 310 when the motor 210 rotates in the third direction, and the first position 01 is the position of the clutch element 310 when the motor 210 rotates in the fourth direction.

[0160] Specifically, the motor 210 drives the transmission shaft to rotate in the third direction, thereby driving the connecting member 312, the first connecting gear 311, and the second connecting gear 313 to rotate as a whole relative to the feed tray frame. This allows the second connecting gear 313 to swing to a position where it can engage with the first gear 401 of the first barrel shaft, indicating that the clutch assembly is in the third position 03. Because the first gear 401 and the second connecting gear 313 are engaged, as the motor 210 continues to rotate the transmission shaft in the third direction, the first gear 401 provides resistance, hindering the circumferential rotation of the connecting member 312 along the transmission shaft. This resistance overcomes the friction between the connecting member 312 and the first connecting gear 311, allowing relative rotation between the first connecting gear 311 and the connecting member 312. Specifically, the first connecting gear 311 can continue to rotate with the transmission shaft, while the connecting member 312 remains stationary relative to the feed tray frame. Since the first connecting gear 311 and the second connecting gear 313 are engaged, the first connecting gear 311 rotates along with the transmission shaft to drive the second connecting gear 313 to rotate relative to the connecting member 312, and the second connecting gear 313 can drive the first gear 401 to rotate, thereby driving the first barrel shaft to rotate. Finally, the first barrel shaft drives the 3D printing material tray to rotate in the first direction 501, and the material line is retracted into the 3D printing material tray.

[0161] When feeding material into the 3D printer, the motor 210 is controlled to drive the transmission shaft to rotate in a fourth direction, opposite the third direction. At this point, the transmission shaft of the motor 210 drives the first connecting gear 311 to rotate in the fourth direction, causing the entire clutch element 310 to rotate in the fourth direction. This causes the second connecting gear 313 to initially decouple from the first gear 401, gradually moving from the third position 03 to the second position 02 and then to the first position 01. When the second connecting gear 313 reaches the first position 01, it meshes with the other side of the first gear 401, causing the first gear 401 to rotate in the second direction 502, driven by the second connecting gear 313. This in turn drives the first barrel shaft, which is transmission-connected to the first gear 401, to rotate in the second direction 502, ultimately driving the 3D printing material tray mounted on the first barrel shaft to rotate in the second direction 502, thereby delivering the material strand from the 3D printing material tray to the 3D printer's print head. This solution has a simple structure and only requires one motor 210 to move the clutch assembly between the first position 01 and the second position 02 , which can reduce costs.

[0162] In some feasible embodiments, the motor 210 may be controlled to drive the drive shaft to rotate in a third direction to deliver the material line from the 3D printing material tray on the first barrel shaft to the 3D printer; and the motor 210 may be controlled to drive the drive shaft to rotate in a fourth direction to return the material line to the 3D printing material tray on the first barrel shaft. This application does not limit the relationship between the rotation direction of the drive shaft, i.e., the rotation direction of the first barrel shaft, and the material feeding and withdrawing.

[0163] In a feasible embodiment, at least two material guiding devices are fixed on the material tray frame; wherein, each material guiding device includes an extrusion mechanism for conveying the material line in the 3D printing material tray on the corresponding barrel rotating shaft to the 3D printer, or returning the material line to the 3D printing material tray on the corresponding barrel rotating shaft.

[0164] In a specific implementation, the material guide device in the material tray can include at least two; specifically, at least two barrel shafts correspond one-to-one to at least two material guide devices; that is: one material guide device corresponds to one barrel shaft, and one material guide device passes through the material line in the 3D printing material tray placed on the corresponding barrel shaft.

[0165] Each material guide device includes an extrusion mechanism, which may be equipped with a motor 210, a gear set, etc.; the motor 210 drives the gear set to rotate, and the material line between the gear sets is moved toward the print head or toward the 3D printing material tray under the rotation of the gear set to complete the material line feeding or withdrawing. Compared to relying solely on the extrusion mechanism in the print head to complete the material line feeding and withdrawing, the embodiment of the present application also relies on a material guide device provided on the material tray frame, which can make the material line feeding and withdrawing more stable.

[0166] Furthermore, the efficiency and stability of feeding and withdrawing can be enhanced by cooperating with the material guide device and the drive assembly. For example, when feeding, the drive assembly drives the first barrel shaft to rotate along the second direction 502, and the material line is delivered to the material guide device. At this time, the motor of the drive assembly can stop working, and then the material line is driven to be delivered to the print head of the 3D printer through the extrusion mechanism in the material guide device. Finally, the print head melts the material line and extrude the molten printing material from the nozzle of the print head onto the printing panel. When the extrusion mechanism in the print head drives the material line, the extrusion mechanism in the material guide device stops working. When withdrawing the material, the drive assembly drives the first barrel shaft to rotate along the first direction 501, so that the material line is wound back onto the 3D printing material tray. At the same time, the extrusion mechanism in the material guide device extrude the material line in the first direction 501, cooperating with the drive assembly to achieve material line recovery.

[0167] In a feasible embodiment, the outer wall of the first barrel shaft abuts against the inner wall of the 3D printing material tray hole along the circumferential direction, and the first barrel shaft can drive the 3D printing material tray to rotate through friction.

[0168] In a specific implementation, the 3D printing material tray includes a channel, through which the 3D printing material is sleeved on the first barrel shaft, so that the outer wall of the first barrel shaft abuts against the through hole of the 3D printing material tray. When the first barrel shaft rotates, the 3D printing material tray is driven to rotate by friction.

[0169] For example, the channel may be open at one end and closed at the other end, or open at both ends.

[0170] It can be seen that in this embodiment, the outer wall of the first barrel shaft abuts against the inner wall of the 3D printing material tray hole, so that the first barrel shaft can drive the 3D printing material tray to rotate.

[0171] Referring to FIG. 12 , an embodiment of the present application further provides a material tray rack for a 3D printer, comprising:

[0172] Tray rack body;

[0173] At least two barrel rotating shafts are connected to the tray frame, wherein one barrel rotating shaft is used to place a 3D printing tray;

[0174] At least two material guiding devices are fixed on the material tray frame; wherein each material guiding device includes an extrusion mechanism for conveying the material line in the 3D printing material tray on the corresponding barrel rotating shaft to the 3D printer, or returning the material line to the 3D printing material tray on the corresponding barrel rotating shaft.

[0175] In a specific implementation, the material guide device in the material tray can include at least two; specifically, at least two barrel shafts correspond one-to-one to at least two material guide devices; that is: one material guide device corresponds to one barrel shaft, and one material guide device passes through the material line in the 3D printing material tray placed on the corresponding barrel shaft.

[0176] Each material guide device includes an extrusion mechanism, which may be equipped with a motor 220, a gear set, etc.; the motor 220 drives the gear set to rotate, and the material line between the gear sets is moved toward the print head or toward the 3D printing material tray under the rotation of the gear set to complete the material line feeding or withdrawing. Compared to relying solely on the extrusion mechanism in the print head to complete the material line feeding and withdrawing, the embodiment of the present application also relies on a material guide device provided on the material tray frame, which can make the material line feeding and withdrawing more stable.

[0177] In a feasible embodiment, the extrusion mechanism includes a driving mechanism, an active extrusion wheel and a driven extrusion wheel, wherein the active extrusion wheel and the driven extrusion wheel are used to clamp the material line; the driving mechanism is used to drive the active extrusion wheel to rotate along the first direction 501, so as to return the material line to the 3D printing material tray on the barrel shaft.

[0178] In a specific implementation, in some feasible embodiments, the active extrusion wheel can be connected to a driving mechanism, which provides power to the active extrusion wheel so that the active extrusion wheel can rotate; the driven extrusion wheel can be spaced apart from the active extrusion wheel, and the interval can be less than or equal to the diameter of the material line; the active extrusion wheel and the driven extrusion wheel can cooperate with each other to clamp the material line in the gap, and during the rotation of the active extrusion wheel, based on the friction between the active extrusion wheel and the material line, and the pressure applied to the material line by the driven extrusion wheel and the active extrusion wheel, the material line is delivered to the print head or returned to the 3D printing material tray.

[0179] In order to detect the slippage of the material line when the extruder advances and retreats the material, a speed sensor can be additionally provided in the extruder mechanism, and the speed sensor can be used to measure the rotation speed information of the motor 220 and the movement information of the material line; in the embodiment of the present application, the theoretical movement information of the material line can be determined based on the rotation speed information of the motor 220, and by comparing the theoretical movement information of the material line with the movement information of the material line actually collected, it is automatically detected whether the material line is slipping.

[0180] Exemplarily, the driving mechanism can also pull the active extrusion wheel to rotate along the first direction 501. Under the action of the friction between the active extrusion wheel and the driven extrusion wheel, the material line can be extruded from the gap between the active extrusion wheel and the driven extrusion wheel toward the 3D printing material tray to recover the material line into the 3D printing material tray.

[0181] In a feasible embodiment, the driving mechanism is used to drive the active extrusion wheel to rotate along the second direction 502 to transport the material line in the 3D printing material tray on the barrel shaft to the 3D printer, and the first direction 501 is opposite to the second direction 502.

[0182] In a specific implementation, the driving mechanism pulls the active extrusion wheel to rotate along the second direction 502. Due to the friction between the active extrusion wheel and the driven extrusion wheel, the driven extrusion wheel also starts to rotate in the second direction 502 under the drive of the active extrusion wheel, so that the material line is extruded from the gap between the active extrusion wheel and the driven extrusion wheel to deliver the material line to the print head or return it to the 3D printing material tray.

[0183] In some possible embodiments, the driving mechanism includes a motor 220 and a clutch element 320 , and the clutch element 320 is used to connect or disconnect the motor 220 from the active extrusion wheel.

[0184] In a specific implementation, the drive assembly may include a motor 220 and a clutch element 320. When feeding, the motor 220 drives the active extrusion wheel to rotate in the second direction 502 through the clutch element 320, and finally drives the 3D printing material tray to rotate in the second direction 502 to transport the material line from the 3D printing material tray to the 3D printer, thereby realizing the feeding function. When it is necessary to switch from feeding to retracting, the motor 220 changes the direction of rotation and rotates in a fourth direction opposite to the third direction, so that the clutch assembly is separated from the active extrusion wheel transmission, and finally the clutch assembly is connected to the active extrusion wheel in another transmission mode, so that the clutch assembly drives the active extrusion wheel to rotate in the first direction 501, and finally drives the 3D printing material tray to rotate, so as to recycle the material line into the 3D printing material tray, thereby realizing material line recycling.

[0185] In a feasible embodiment, the clutch element 320 includes a connecting member 322, a first connecting gear 321 and a second connecting gear 323, the connecting member 322 and the first connecting gear 321 are sleeved on the output shaft of the motor 220 or the transmission shaft connected to the motor 220, the second connecting gear 323 is rotatably connected to the connecting member 322 and meshes with the first connecting gear 321, wherein the connecting member 322 abuts against the first connecting gear 321 so that the connecting member 322 and the second connecting gear 323 can rotate along the circumference of the transmission shaft or the output shaft as the first connecting gear 321 rotates.

[0186] Specifically, the first connecting gear 321 is sleeved on the output shaft of the motor 220 or the transmission shaft connected to the motor 220, and is connected to the transmission shaft in a shape-matched manner. That is, the first connecting gear 321 can be provided with a non-circular through-hole, and the transmission shaft can have a mating section that matches the shape of the non-circular through-hole; the transmission shaft can be sleeved on the mating section, so that the first connecting gear 321 can remain relatively stationary with the transmission shaft. Alternatively, the first connecting gear 321 can be provided with a circular through-hole, and a snap-fit ​​structure can be provided within the circular through-hole, and the transmission shaft can be provided with a slot that matches the shape of the snap-fit ​​structure, so that the first connecting gear is mated with the transmission shaft, so that the first connecting gear 321 can remain relatively stationary with the transmission shaft. When the transmission shaft rotates under the drive of the motor 220, the first connecting gear 321 can rotate with it.

[0187] Furthermore, the connecting member 322 comprises a first component and a second component. The first component comprises a first end that is mounted on the transmission shaft and a second end opposite the first end. The second component comprises a third end that is mounted on the transmission shaft and a fourth end opposite the first end. The first and third ends can respectively abut against two sides of the first connecting gear 321 along the rotation axis of the first connecting gear 321; the second and fourth ends can respectively abut against two sides of the second connecting gear 323 along the rotation axis of the second connecting gear 323. The connecting member 322 can be made of common materials such as metal or plastic. The first end can be provided with a first through-hole, and the third end can be provided with a second through-hole. The transmission shaft can be sequentially inserted through the first through-hole, the circular through-hole of the first connecting gear 321, and the second through-hole. The second end can be provided with a third through-hole, and the fourth end can be provided with a fourth through-hole. The second connecting gear can be provided with a fifth through-hole, and then, via the first connecting shaft, sequentially inserted through the third through-hole, the fifth through-hole, and the fourth through-hole. In which, the first end and the third end can be an integral connection structure, there is a first gap between the first end and the third end, and the distance of the first gap is less than or equal to the width of the first connecting gear 321 along the direction of the rotation axis; or the second end and the fourth end can be an integral connection structure, there is a second gap between the second end and the fourth end, and the distance of the second gap is less than or equal to the width of the second connecting gear 323 along the direction of the rotation axis.

[0188] In one possible embodiment, a second connecting shaft integral with the first component is provided on the second end of the first component. The second connecting shaft is sequentially inserted through the fifth through hole of the second connecting gear and the sixth through hole at the fourth end of the second component, so that the second connecting gear 323 is rotatably connected to the second connecting shaft. In an example, a rotating shaft is integrally provided on the second end of the first component, and the rotating shaft passes through the second connecting gear 323, thereby rotatably connecting the second connecting gear 323 to the first component. In this case, the first and second components are clamped on both sides of the rotation axis of the first and second connecting gears 321 and 323 by an additional clamping structure, so that the first and second components clamp the first connecting gear 321 and the second connecting gear. That is, although the first end of the first component and the third end of the second component are mounted on the transmission shaft, they are not directly fixed to each other. The first and second components can maintain relative fixation by relying on the pressure generated by their mutual abutment with the first connecting gear 321. This pressure creates friction between the first and second components and the first connecting gear 321. This friction causes the connecting member 322 and the second connecting gear 323, formed by the first and second components, to pivot along the circumference of the transmission shaft as the transmission shaft and the first connecting gear 321 rotate. In other words, the first connecting gear 321, the second connecting gear 323, and the connecting member 322 can rotate as a whole with the transmission shaft. In addition, when an external force is applied, it can be used to overcome the friction between the connecting member 322 and the second connecting gear 323, allowing the connecting member 322 and the second connecting gear 323 to rotate as a whole relative to the first connecting gear 321. In other words, the connecting member 322 and the second connecting gear 323 can pivot along the circumference of the transmission shaft.

[0189] Furthermore, to ensure that the first connecting gear 321 abuts against the connecting member 322, the drive shaft may be provided with two shoulders, each of which may have a diameter greater than the diameter of the drive shaft. These shoulders may be located on either side of the clutch assembly along the drive shaft axis, with the connecting member 322 abutting against one shoulder and the first connecting gear 321 abutting against the other. Properly adjusting the distance between the two shoulders ensures that the connecting member 322 abuts against the first connecting gear 321.

[0190] In a feasible embodiment, the motor 220 rotates along the third direction to drive the second connecting gear 323 to rotate from the first position 01 to the second position 02, or from the second position 02 to the third position 03; the motor 220 rotates along the fourth direction to drive the second connecting gear 323 to rotate from the third position 03 to the second position 02, or from the second position 02 to the first position 01, wherein the third direction is opposite to the fourth direction, and the second position 02 is located between the first position 01 and the third position 03;

[0191] When the second connecting gear 323 is located at the first position 01, the second connecting gear 323 is engaged with one side of the second gear 402, and the second gear 402 is connected to the active extrusion wheel. Specifically, the second gear 402 can be provided with an eighth through hole 602, and then sleeved on the active extrusion wheel or sleeved on the rotating shaft of the active extrusion wheel through the eighth through hole 602. Alternatively, it can be said that the second gear 402 is the active extrusion wheel. The motor 220 rotates in the fourth direction to drive the active extrusion wheel to rotate in the second direction 502, so as to transport the material line in the 3D printing material tray on the first barrel shaft to the 3D printer;

[0192] When the second connecting gear 323 is located at the third position 03, the second connecting gear 323 is engaged with the other side of the second gear 402, and the motor 220 rotates along the third direction to drive the active extrusion wheel to rotate along the first direction 501, so as to retract the material line into the 3D printing material tray on the first barrel shaft;

[0193] When the second connecting gear 323 is located at the second position 02 , the motor 220 is separated from the active extrusion wheel.

[0194] After the filament from the 3D printing material tray on the first barrel shaft is fed to the 3D printer's extruder, the motor is controlled to rotate the second connecting gear to the second position 02, disconnecting the transmission between the second connecting gear and the active extruder wheel. This prevents the motor from being out of sync with the extruder mechanism, which can cause the filament to pull or sag.

[0195] In a specific implementation, in order to enable the second connecting gear 323 to drive the active extrusion wheel to rotate, a second gear 402 can be sleeved on the shaft of the active extrusion wheel or the second connecting gear 323 can be directly engaged with the active extrusion wheel. The second gear 402 is connected to the second connecting gear 323 through the second gear 402. When the second connecting gear 323 rotates driven by the first connecting gear 321, the second connecting gear 323 can drive the second gear 402 to rotate, thereby driving the active extrusion wheel to rotate.

[0196] In the example, the second position 02 is the position of the clutch element 320 when the motor 220 stops working, the third position 03 is the position of the clutch element 320 when the motor 220 rotates in the third direction, and the first position 01 is the position of the clutch element 320 when the motor 220 rotates in the fourth direction.

[0197] Specifically, the motor 220 drives the transmission shaft to rotate in the third direction, thereby driving the connecting member 322, the first connecting gear 321, and the second connecting gear 323 to rotate as a whole relative to the feed tray frame. This allows the second connecting gear 323 to swing to a position where it can engage with the second gear 402 of the active extruder wheel, i.e., the clutch assembly is in the third position 03. Because the second gear 402 and the second connecting gear 323 are engaged, as the motor 220 continues to rotate the transmission shaft in the third direction, the second gear 402 provides resistance, hindering the circumferential rotation of the connecting member 322 along the transmission shaft. This resistance overcomes the friction between the connecting member 322 and the first connecting gear 321, allowing relative rotation between the first connecting gear 321 and the connecting member 322. Specifically, the first connecting gear 321 can continue to rotate with the transmission shaft, while the connecting member 322 remains stationary relative to the feed tray frame. Since the first connecting gear 321 and the second connecting gear 323 are engaged, the first connecting gear 321 rotates along with the transmission shaft to drive the second connecting gear 323 to rotate relative to the connecting member 322, and the second connecting gear 323 can drive the second gear 402 to rotate, thereby driving the active extrusion wheel to rotate. Finally, the active extrusion wheel drives the driven wheel to rotate under the action of friction to send the material line in the gap between the active extrusion wheel and the driven extrusion wheel back to the 3D printing material tray.

[0198] When feeding material into the 3D printer, the motor 220 is controlled to drive the transmission shaft to rotate in a fourth direction, opposite the third direction. The transmission shaft of the motor 220 drives the first connecting gear 321 to rotate in the fourth direction, causing the entire clutch element 320 to rotate in the fourth direction. This causes the second connecting gear 323 to first disengage from the second gear, slowly moving from the third position 03 to the second position 02, and finally to the first position 01. When the second connecting gear 323 reaches the first position 01, it engages with the other side of the second gear 402, causing the second gear 402 to rotate in the second direction 502 under the drive of the second connecting gear 323. This in turn drives the active extruder wheel, which is transmission-connected to the second gear 402, to rotate in the second direction 502, drawing the material line from the 3D printing material tray and delivering it to the 3D printer's print head. This generates traction to drive the 3D printing material tray, which is mounted on the first barrel shaft, to rotate in the second direction 502, thus achieving the feeding operation.

[0199] This solution has a simple structure and only requires one motor 220 to move the clutch assembly between the first position 01 and the second position 02 , which can reduce costs.

[0200] In some feasible embodiments, the motor 210 may be controlled to drive the active extrusion wheel to rotate in a third direction to deliver the material line from the 3D printing material tray on the first barrel shaft to the 3D printer; and the motor 210 may be controlled to drive the active extrusion wheel to rotate in a fourth direction to return the material line to the 3D printing material tray on the first barrel shaft. This application does not limit the relationship between the rotation direction of the active extrusion wheel, i.e., the rotation direction of the first barrel shaft, and the feeding and withdrawing of the material.

[0201] It is understandable that the specific structure of the clutch assembly can be referred to the description of FIG11 and will not be described in detail here.

[0202] It should be noted that the above terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

Claims

1. A material tray rack for a 3D printer, characterized in that: include: Tray rack body; At least two barrel shafts are connected to the tray frame, wherein one barrel shaft is used to place a 3D printing tray; A driving assembly, wherein the driving assembly is used to drive a first barrel rotating shaft among the at least two barrel rotating shafts to rotate, so that the first barrel rotating shaft drives a 3D printing material tray placed on the first barrel rotating shaft to rotate.

2. The tray rack according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving assembly is used to drive the first barrel shaft to rotate along a first direction, so as to retract the material line into the 3D printing material tray on the first barrel shaft.

3. The tray rack according to claim 2, characterized in that: The driving assembly includes a motor and a ratchet structure drivingly connected to the motor, the ratchet structure is meshed with a first gear, and the first gear is drivingly connected to the first barrel shaft; When the driving assembly is used to drive the first barrel shaft to rotate in a first direction, the motor is connected to the first barrel shaft in a transmission manner. When the driving assembly is used to drive the first barrel shaft to rotate in a second direction, the motor is disconnected from the first barrel shaft in a transmission manner. The first direction is opposite to the second direction.

4. The tray rack according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The driving assembly is used to drive the first barrel shaft to rotate along a second direction, so as to convey the material line in the 3D printing material tray on the first barrel shaft to the 3D printer, and the first direction is opposite to the second direction.

5. The tray rack according to claim 1, 2 or 4, characterized in that: The driving assembly includes a motor and a clutch element, and the clutch element is used to connect or disconnect the motor from the first barrel shaft.

6. The tray rack according to claim 5, characterized in that: The clutch element includes a connecting member, a first connecting gear and a second connecting gear, wherein the connecting member and the first connecting gear are sleeved on the output shaft of the motor or a transmission shaft connected to the motor, and the second connecting gear is rotatably connected to the connecting member and meshes with the first connecting gear, wherein the connecting member abuts against the first connecting gear so that the connecting member and the second connecting gear can rotate along the circumferential direction of the transmission shaft or the output shaft as the first connecting gear rotates.

7. The tray rack according to claim 6, characterized in that: The motor rotates along the third direction to drive the second connecting gear to rotate from the first position to the second position, or from the second position to the third position; the motor rotates along the fourth direction to drive the second connecting gear to rotate from the third position to the second position, or from the second position to the first position, wherein the third direction is opposite to the fourth direction, and the second position is located between the first position and the third position; When the second connecting gear is located at the first position, the second connecting gear is meshed with one side of the first gear, the first gear is drivingly connected to the first barrel shaft, and the motor rotates in the fourth direction to drive the first barrel shaft to rotate in the second direction, so as to transport the material line in the 3D printing material tray on the first barrel shaft to the 3D printer; When the second connecting gear is located at the third position, the second connecting gear is meshed with the other side of the first gear, and the motor rotates along the third direction to drive the first barrel shaft to rotate along the first direction, so as to return the material line to the 3D printing material tray on the first barrel shaft; When the second connecting gear is located at the second position, the motor is separated from the first barrel shaft.

8. The tray rack according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The tray rack also includes at least two material guiding devices fixed on the tray rack body; wherein each material guiding device includes an extrusion mechanism for conveying the material line in the 3D printing tray on the corresponding barrel rotating shaft to the 3D printer, or returning the material line to the 3D printing tray on the corresponding barrel rotating shaft.

9. The tray rack according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The outer wall of the first barrel rotating shaft abuts against the inner wall of the 3D printing material tray hole along the circumferential direction, and the first barrel rotating shaft can drive the 3D printing material tray to rotate through friction.

10. A material tray rack for a 3D printer, characterized in that: include: Tray rack body; At least two barrel shafts are connected to the tray frame, wherein one barrel shaft is used to place a 3D printing tray; At least two material guiding devices are fixed on the material tray frame; wherein each material guiding device includes an extrusion mechanism for conveying the material line in the 3D printing material tray on the corresponding barrel rotating shaft to the 3D printer, or returning the material line to the 3D printing material tray on the corresponding barrel rotating shaft.

11. The tray rack according to claim 10, characterized in that: The extrusion mechanism includes a driving mechanism, an active extrusion wheel and a driven extrusion wheel, wherein the active extrusion wheel and the driven extrusion wheel are used to clamp the material line; the driving mechanism is used to drive the active extrusion wheel to rotate in a first direction, so as to return the material line to the 3D printing material tray on the barrel shaft.

12. The tray rack according to claim 11, characterized in that: The driving mechanism is used to drive the active extrusion wheel to rotate along the second direction, so as to convey the material line in the 3D printing material tray on the barrel shaft to the 3D printer, and the first direction is opposite to the second direction.

13. The tray rack according to any one of claims 10 to 12, characterized in that: The driving mechanism comprises a motor and a clutch element, and the clutch element is used to connect or disconnect the motor from the active extrusion wheel in transmission.

14. The tray rack according to claim 13, characterized in that: The clutch element includes a connecting member, a first connecting gear and a second connecting gear, wherein the connecting member and the first connecting gear are sleeved on the output shaft of the motor or a transmission shaft connected to the motor, and the second connecting gear is rotatably connected to the connecting member and meshes with the first connecting gear, wherein the connecting member abuts against the first connecting gear so that the connecting member and the second connecting gear can rotate along the circumferential direction of the transmission shaft or the output shaft as the first connecting gear rotates.

15. The tray rack according to claim 14, characterized in that: The motor rotates along the third direction to drive the second connecting gear to rotate from the first position to the second position, or from the second position to the third position; the motor rotates along the fourth direction to drive the second connecting gear to rotate from the third position to the second position, or from the second position to the first position, wherein the third direction is opposite to the fourth direction, and the second position is located between the first position and the third position; When the second connecting gear is located at the first position, the second connecting gear is meshed with one side of the second gear, the second gear is drivingly connected to the active extrusion wheel, and the motor rotates along the fourth direction to drive the active extrusion wheel to rotate along the second direction, so as to convey the material line in the 3D printing material tray on the barrel shaft to the 3D printer; When the second connecting gear is located at the third position, the second connecting gear is meshed with the other side of the second gear, and the motor rotates along the third direction to drive the active extrusion wheel to rotate along the first direction, so as to return the material line to the 3D printing material tray on the barrel shaft; When the second connecting gear is located at the second position, the motor is decoupled from the active extrusion wheel.

16. The tray rack according to claim 1 or 10, characterized in that: The at least two barrel rotating shafts include barrel rotating shafts distributed on both sides of the tray frame body, and the at least two feeding and withdrawing devices include feeding and withdrawing devices distributed on both sides of the tray frame body, wherein each feeding and withdrawing device corresponds to the barrel rotating shaft located on the same side.

17. The tray rack according to claim 1, 10 or 16, characterized in that: The at least two barrel rotating shafts include two barrel rotating shafts located on one side of the material tray frame, and the at least two feeding and withdrawing devices include two feeding and withdrawing devices located on the same side as the two barrel rotating shafts, and the two feeding and withdrawing devices are located between the two barrel rotating shafts.

18. The tray rack according to claim 17, characterized in that: Among the two barrel rotating shafts on one side of the material tray rack body, the axis of one barrel rotating shaft is higher than the axis of the other barrel rotating shaft.

19. The tray rack according to any one of claims 1 to 18, characterized in that: Also includes: A supporting bracket is fixedly connected to the bottom of the material tray rack body, and the supporting bracket is used to support the material tray rack body.

20. The tray stand according to claim 19, characterized in that: One end of the supporting bracket is fixedly connected to the bottom of the material tray frame, and the other end of the supporting bracket is fixed on the 3D printer.

21. The tray rack according to any one of claims 1 to 20, characterized in that: The at least two barrel rotating shafts correspond one to one with the at least two feeding and withdrawing devices.

22. The tray rack according to any one of claims 1 to 21, characterized in that: For any one of the at least two feeding and withdrawing devices, the feeding port of any one of the feeding and withdrawing devices is downward, and the discharging port of any one of the feeding and withdrawing devices is upward; Alternatively, the feed port of any of the feed and withdraw devices is upward, and the discharge port of any of the feed and withdraw devices is downward.

23. The tray rack according to any one of claims 1 to 22, characterized in that: Also includes: The control component is used to control the feeding and withdrawing device to provide the material line in the 3D printing material tray on the corresponding barrel rotating shaft to the 3D printer, or control the feeding and withdrawing device to withdraw the material line to the 3D printing material tray on the corresponding barrel rotating shaft.

24. The tray rack according to any one of claims 1 to 23, characterized in that: The feeding and withdrawing device comprises: Motor; A driving gear connected to the motor, the motor is used to drive the driving gear to rotate; A driven gear is spaced apart from the driving gear, and the driving gear and the driven gear are used to cooperate to clamp the material line output by the 3D printing material tray; The speed sensor is used to measure the rotation speed information of the motor and the movement information of the material line.

25. The tray stand according to claim 24, characterized in that: The feeding and withdrawing device also includes: A reduction transmission system is connected to the motor shaft of the motor; the output gear of the reduction transmission system is meshed with the driving gear.

26. The tray stand according to claim 24 or 25, characterized in that: The speed sensor comprises: A Hall speed sensor at the motor end is used to measure the speed information of the motor, and the motor is provided with a magnet that rotates with the motor; The Hall speed sensor at the feed line end is used to measure the rotation speed information of the driven gear. The driven gear is provided with a magnet that rotates with the driven gear.

27. The tray stand according to any one of claims 1 to 26, characterized in that: The at least two barrel rotating shafts are connected to the material tray rack body, including: the at least two barrel rotating shafts are connected to the material tray rack body through a fixed tube, the at least two barrel rotating shafts are rotatably connected to the fixed tube, and the fixed tube is fixedly connected to the material tray rack body.

28. A 3D printer, characterized in that: include: The material tray rack as described in any one of claims 1-27, wherein the material tray rack body of the material tray rack is fixedly connected to the frame of the 3D printer.

29. A 3D printer system, characterized in that: It comprises a 3D printer and a material tray rack as described in any one of claims 1-27.

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