Thermal management system for battery modules

Abstract

Present invention relates to a thermal management system (100) for battery modules. The system comprises a first base plate (206) and a second base plate (208), each having a plurality of vent holes (214), each to accommodate a cylindrical cell (102). Further, the system comprises a first dent plate (202) and a second dent plate (204) which is coupled to the bottom surface of each of the first base plate (206) and the second base plate (208), respectively. The dent plates form a coolant channel (104) to hold coolant between an inner surface of the dent plate and a bottom surface of the corresponding base plate. Further, a venting channel (110) is formed between an outer surface of the first dent plate (202) and an outer surface of the second dent plate (204) to provide a passage to hot gases released from the cylindrical cell (102) in an event of thermal runaway to vent out the hot gases.

Description

THERMAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM FOR BATTERY MODULESTECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present subject matter relates, in general, to battery modules and, particularly, to a thermal management system for battery modules.BACKGROUND

[0002] Electric vehicles use one or more battery packs as a source of power. A battery pack that powers electric vehicles consists of individual battery cells and modules organized in series and parallel. A battery cell is the smallest unit of a battery pack. The characteristics of a battery cell play a pivotal role in overall performance of the electric vehicles. A module consists of multiple cells connected in series and / or parallel, encased in a mechanical structure. A battery pack is assembled by connecting multiple modules together in series or parallel with sensors and controllers and then encased in a casing as a final battery pack.

[0003] The process of charging and discharging the battery cells normally causes a small amount of heat generation. Also, a significant amount of heat is generated during power generation by the battery cells. In ideal conditions, the heat dissipates from the cells. However, in thermal runaway, the cells may generate heat at a rate several times higher than the rate at which heat dissipates from the cells. The sequential occurrence of thermal runaway within a battery pack triggered by the thermal runaway of a cell in the battery pack is known as thermal propagation.

[0004] A recent government regulation AUTOMOTIVE INDUSTRY STANDARD (AIS) 156 (Amendment 2) mandates that the Rechargeable Electrical Energy Storage System (REESS) should withstand thermal propagation which is triggered by an internal short circuit leading to a single cell thermal runaway and subsequent thermal propagation and shall not result in fire and explosion.

[0005] The heat generated during a single cell thermal runaway in the battery module of the battery pack needs to be quickly vented outside of the battery pack. It is necessary to quickly vent out the high-temperature gases to the outside of the battery pack and also to maintain the temperature of the battery modules under control during operation.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0006] The detailed description is described with reference to the accompanying figures. In the figures, the left-most digit(s) of a reference number identifies the figure in which the reference number first appears. The same numbers are used throughout the drawings to reference like features and components.

[0007] Figure 1 illustrates a plan view of a thermal management system with assembled cylindrical cells, in accordance with an implementation of the present subject matter.

[0008] Figure 2A illustrates a front-cross-sectional view of coolant channels and a venting channel of the thermal management system without cells, in accordance with another implementation of the present subject matter.

[0009] Figure 2B illustrates a magnified cross-sectional view of the coolant channels and the venting channel of the thermal management system, in accordance with another implementation of the present subject matter.

[0010] Figure 3 illustrates a front cross-sectional view of the venting channel depicting the direction of the flow of hot gasses through a separator of the thermal management system, in accordance with another implementation of the present subject matter.

[0011] Figure 4 illustrates an exploded view of layers of the thermal management system, in accordance with another implementation of the present subject matter.DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0012] The present subject matter relates to a thermal management system for battery modules.

[0013] In an event of a thermal runaway, a battery cell, such as a lithium- ion cell generates heat at a rate several times higher than the rate at which the heat can be dissipated. The thermal runaway of the battery cell may cause thermal propagation in a battery module in which the battery cell is located and may cause thermal runaway to occur in one or more of the remaining cells within the battery module. The thermal propagation caused due to the continuous thermal runaway within the battery module may further lead to fire and explosion in the battery module.

[0014] Batteries, such as Lithium-ion batteries have various uses due to their utility and advantages over other types of batteries. In an example, Lithium-ion batteries may be used in the Electric Vehicles (EVs). As the demand for batteries for EVs is increasing, there is also a growing need to make the EVs safer. An event such as the thermal propagation can be severely detrimental to the safety of a user of the electric vehicle.

[0015] Conventional thermal management systems for battery modules comprises a separate liquid cooling arrangement and a separate passage for venting out hot gases dissipated from the cells of each battery module assembled in a battery pack in the event of thermal runaway. Such a thermal management system is used for the battery pack in which there are at least two battery modules having cell vents facing each other. For example, each cell of each of the battery modules is bottom vented, i.e., each cell comprises a pressure release valve at the bottom of a cell can which allows to vent out the hot gases from the bottom end of the cell in the event of thermal runaway. Also, in the event of thermal runaway, only the bottom of the cell can of the bottom vented cell ruptures, and not the entire cell can. Using separate passages for venting out hot gases and separate liquid cooling arrangements having an inlet port and an outlet port for eachbattery module significantly increases the cost and the number of components in the thermal management system.

[0016] Thus, the existing thermal management systems for the battery modules use high number of components. The use of bulky battery modules is not suitable for compact applications, such as for being used in the EVs where numerous components need to be accommodated in a limited space. Moreover, the existing battery modules having an in-built thermal management system are expensive, less efficient, and not up to the required safety standards.

[0017] The present subject matter is related to a thermal management system for battery modules. The system comprises a first base plate and a second base plate. Each of the first base plate and the second base plate is a flat plate having a top surface and a bottom surface. There is provided a plurality of vent holes on each of the first base plate and the second base plate. Each vent hole accommodates a cylindrical cell through a bottom end of the cylindrical cell. Further, the system comprises a first dent plate and a second dent plate which is coupled to the bottom surface of each of the first base plate and the second base plate, respectively. The first dent plate and the second dent plate each have an inner surface facing towards the corresponding base plate and an outer surface facing away from the corresponding base plate. The first dent plate and the second dent plate have a corrugated structure having at least one crest region and at least one trough region. The at least one trough region forms a coolant channel to hold coolant between an inner surface of the dent plate and the bottom surface of the corresponding base plate, and the at least one crest region interfaces with the bottom surface of the corresponding base plate, such that a plurality of holes provided in the at least one crest region coincides with the plurality of vent holes of the corresponding base plate.

[0018] The disclosed thermal management system further comprises a first sealing layer and a second sealing layer interfacing the outer surface of the first dent plate and the second dent plate, respectively. The firstsealing layer and the second sealing layer have a scored-out portion in the at least one crest region corresponding to the plurality of vent holes. A venting channel is formed between the outer surface of the first dent plate and the outer surface of the second dent plate. The scored-out portion of each of the first sealing layer and the second sealing layer ruptures locally in the region corresponding to the plurality of vent holes to provide a passage to hot gases released from the bottom end of the cylindrical cell in an event of thermal runaway, into the venting channel to vent out the hot gases.

[0019] In an embodiment, the disclosed thermal management system for battery modules combines the first base plate and the second base plate, each coupled to the first and the second dent plate, respectively, in such a manner that they together form the plurality of coolant channels which are fluidically connected with each other to circulate the coolant in the plurality of coolant channels. Further, a common inlet coolant port and a common outlet coolant port is provided for both the base plates, such that an inlet coolant port and outlet coolant port are provided on the first base plate. Similarly, a common venting port coupled to the first base plate with the venting channel formed between the outer surface of the first dent plate and the outer surface of the second dent plate is used for providing passage to the hot gases released from the bottom end of the cylindrical cells in the event of thermal runaway. The disclosed structure of the thermal management system of the present invention eliminates the requirement for an additional venting assembly and also significantly reduces the number of components required for creating the venting channel for each of the base plates and dent plates of the battery module. This further reduces the overall cost of the battery modules and also complies with the required safety standards. Furthermore, joining the two cold plates together also increases the stiffness of the battery module which in turn enhances the core strength of the battery module.

[0020] The above and other features, aspects, and advantages of the subject matter will be better explained with regard to the following description and accompanying figures. It should be noted that the description and figures merely illustrate the principles of the present subject matter along with examples described herein and should not be construed as a limitation to the present subject matter. It is thus understood that various arrangements may be devised that, although not explicitly described or shown herein, embody the principles of the present disclosure. Moreover, all statements herein reciting principles, aspects, and examples thereof, are intended to encompass equivalents thereof. Further, for the sake of simplicity, and without limitation, the same numbers are used throughout the drawings to reference like features and components.

[0021] Figure 1 illustrates a plan view of a thermal management system 100 with assembled cylindrical cells 102, in accordance with one embodiment of the present subject matter. While Figure 1 depicts a specific shape of the thermal management system 100, it will be clear to a person skilled in the art that the shape shown in the figure is not a limitation. Rather, the shape of the thermal management system 100 of the present application is configurable with respect to the arrangement of the cells 102 in a battery module. In some examples, the disclosed thermal management system 100 may be used for a battery pack in which there are at least two battery modules having cell vents facing each other.

[0022] In an example implementation, the thermal management system 100 may be used in a battery pack of electric vehicles.

[0023] In general, the battery pack that powers electric vehicles consists of individual battery cells and the battery modules organized in series and parallel. The battery module consists of a plurality of cells connected in series and / or parallel, encased in a mechanical structure. Examples of the cells used in the battery modules include but are not limited to the lithium- ion cell, the battery module may use a Nickel-Cadmium cell, Nickel-metal hydride cell, dry cell, etc. The battery pack is assembled by connectingmultiple battery modules together in series or parallel. A thermal propagation caused due to the continuous thermal runaway within the battery module may further lead to fire and explosion in the battery module.

[0024] In accordance with embodiments of the present subject matter, the thermal management system 100 comprises a first base plate and a second base plate. For example, the thermal management system 100 for a battery module may comprise a first base plate for a first battery module and a second base plate for a second battery module. The first base plate and the second base plate accommodate cylindrical cells 102 of the first and the second battery modules. The first and the second battery module are arranged in such a manner that their cell vents face each other (not shown in figures).

[0025] The thermal management system 100 further comprises a first dent plate and a second dent plate (not shown in Figure 1 ) which is coupled to the bottom surface of each of the first base plate and the second base plate, respectively. The first dent plate and the second dent plate form a coolant channel 104 to hold coolant between an inner surface of the dent plates and the bottom surface of the corresponding base plates. The first dent plate and the second dent plate have a corrugated structure having at least one crest region and at least one trough region (not shown in Figure 1 ). The trough region forms the coolant channel 104 to hold coolant between the inner surface of the dent plate and the bottom surface of the corresponding base plate. The coolant flows between the inner surface of the dent plates and beneath, i.e., in proximity to the base of the arranged cells 102 of each of the battery modules to keep the temperature of the battery modules under control. The coolant channel 104 has a coolant flow path that covers each and every cell 102 arranged on the base plates.

[0026] In an example, the first base plate and the second base plate may be manufactured separately and integrated to form the structure as explained above. In an example, the first base plate and the second base plate may also be integrally formed with the first dent plate and the seconddent plate, respectively, with the coolant channel 104 formed therebetween using manufacturing methods, such as sheet metal forming and brazing. Further, the first base plate and the second base plate can be manufactured using a compression molding process, for example. The compression molding process for preparing the same may include various step, such as insertion of any one of the metal, or alloys into the mold having shape and dimensions similar to the base plates and the dent plates and application heat until the material becomes soft and pliable to mold the same. Details of conventional manufacturing steps / techniques have been skipped for the sake of brevity of the present description.

[0027] In accordance with embodiments of the present subject matter, the first base plate comprises an inlet opening and an outlet opening (shown in subsequent figures) to accommodate an inlet coolant port 106 and an outlet coolant port 108 provided on top of the first base plate for receiving and discarding the coolant, respectively. The coolant is received from the inlet coolant port 106 and flows beneath each of the cells 102 of both the battery modules and exits from the outlet coolant port 108. In an example, the coolant used in the thermal management system 100 for the battery modules can be water, refrigerant, ethylene glycol, etc. In an example, the coolant can be liquid or gas. The corresponding plate comprises a baffle (not shown in figures) between the inlet coolant port 106 and the outlet coolant port 108, for directing the circulation of the coolant beneath the corresponding plate.

[0028] In accordance with embodiments of the present subject matter, each of the first and the second dent plate have an inner surface that faces towards the corresponding base plate and an outer surface that faces away from the corresponding base plate. A venting channel 110 is formed between the outer surface of the first dent plate and the outer surface of the second dent plate. The venting channel 1 10 plays a crucial role in guiding and venting out the hot gases from the battery modules and also prevents thermal propagation. The venting channel 1 10 vents out the hotgases released from the cells 102 of the battery modules in the event of a thermal runaway.

[0029] In accordance with embodiments of the present subject matter, Figure 2A illustrates a front cross-sectional view of coolant channels 104 and a venting channel 1 10 of the thermal management system 100 without cylindrical cells 102, and Figure 2B illustrates a magnified cross-sectional view of the coolant channels 104 and the venting channel 1 10 of the thermal management system 100. These figures show the thermal management system 100 without the battery modules.

[0030] As already discussed, the first dent plate 202 and the second dent plate 204 have corrugated structures having the crest region and the trough region. The trough region forms the coolant channel 104 which holds the coolant between the inner surface of the dent plate and the bottom surface of the corresponding base plate.

[0031] Figure 2A further shows the inlet coolant port 106 and the outlet coolant port 108 positioned on the top of the first base plate 206. The inlet coolant port 106 and the outlet coolant port 108 are connected to the coolant channel 104. A first set of coolant channels is formed between the inner surface of the first dent plate 202 and the bottom surface of the first base plate 206 and a second set of coolant channels is formed between the inner surface of the second dent 204 plate and the bottom surface of the second base plate 208.

[0032] In accordance with embodiments of the present subject matter, the first set of coolant channels is in fluid communication with the second set of coolant channels. The first set of coolant channels and the second set of coolant channels are interconnected through a passage 210 formed on the dent plate corresponding to the inlet opening on the first base plate 206. This passage 210 fluidically connects the second set of coolant channels with the inlet coolant port 106 and the first set of coolant channels. The passage 210 extends from the inner surface of the second dent plate 204 towards the corresponding inlet opening on the first base plate 206.Further, there is provided a separator cavity 212 which separates the passage 210 from the venting channel 1 10. This prevents the coolant to enter the venting channel 1 10. The separator cavity 212 is formed during a pressing operation of the dent plates 202, 204.

[0033] In accordance with embodiments of the present subject matter, the first base plate 206 and the second base plate 208 comprise a plurality of vent holes 214 that accommodate a cylindrical cell 102 of the first and the second battery modules through the bottom of the cylindrical cell 102. The cells 102 are stuck on the top of the vent holes 214 on the first base plate 206 and the second base plate 208 with the help of a thermal conductive adhesive. In an example, the thermal conductive adhesive can be Epoxy adhesives, Silicone adhesives, Polyurethane adhesives, etc.

[0034] As mentioned previously, the first and the second battery module are arranged in such a manner that their cell vents face each other. Each cell of each of the battery modules is bottom vented, i.e., each cell comprises a pressure release valve at the bottom of a cell can which allows the cell to vent out the hot gases from the bottom end of the cell in the event of thermal runaway. In an example, the diameter of the bottom of the cylindrical cell 102 is 46 mm and the diameter of the pressure release valve is 12mm. Further, the size of the vent holes 214 provided on the first base plate 206 and the second base plate 208 is slightly larger than the size of the pressure release valve of the cylindrical cell 102, i.e., a diameter of a vent hole 214 is smaller than a diameter of the bottom end of the cylindrical cell 102 that the vent hole 214 is to accommodate so that the bottom vented cylindrical cells 102 can be more conveniently installed on the base plates 206, 208. Further, the diameter of vent hole 214 is larger than the diameter of the pressure release valve of the cylindrical cell 102 as during venting of the cylindrical cells 102, the hot gases burst out by rupturing a scored out portion wherein sometimes the scored out portion may open as a flap hinged to the cell can. In that case, the flap may block the vent hole 214 of the base plates 206, 208, if the diameter of the vent hole 214 is smallerthan the diameter of the pressure release valve of the cylindrical cell 102, which also poses a risk of the hot gases being trapped. The number of vent holes 214 on the first base plate 206 and the second base plate 208 are the same as those of the number of cells 102 of the battery module.

[0035] In accordance with embodiments of the present subject matter, the disclosed thermal management system 100 further comprises a first sealing layer 216 and a second sealing layer 218 which interfaces the outer surface of the first dent plate 202 and the second dent plate 204, respectively. In an example, the first sealing layer 216 and the second sealing layer 218 is a Mica sheet. In an example, the Mica sheet also acts as a barrier and prevents the venting gases released from a cell from entering the other cells placed in proximity of the cell releasing the venting gases. The first sealing layer 216 and the second sealing layer 218 have a scored-out portion in the crest region corresponding to the vent holes 214, wherein the scored-out portion of the crest region lies between two subsequent trough regions. The scored-out portion can be understood as reducing the thickness of the material in that particular region as compared to the actual thickness of the material.

[0036] The crest region interfaces with the bottom surface of the corresponding base plate in such a manner that the holes provided in the crest region coincide with the vent holes 214 of the corresponding base plate. The scored-out portion of each of the first sealing layer 216 and the second sealing layer 218 ruptures locally in the region corresponding to the vent holes 214 to provide a passage to hot gases released from the bottom end of the cylindrical cell 102 in an event of thermal runaway, into the venting channel 1 10 to vent out the hot gases. In an example, the first sealing layer 216 and the second sealing layer 218 is a Mica sheet which also acts as a barrier and prevents the venting gases released from a cell from entering the other cells placed in proximity of the cell releasing the venting gases. In an example, material used for making the first sealing layer and the second sealing layer in the disclosed thermal managementsystem are not limited to the Mica Sheet, the thermal management system may use any suitable insulating material as the sealing layer, such as porcelain, PVC, paper and cardboard, Teflon, etc.

[0037] In accordance with embodiments of the present subject matter, Figure 3 illustrates a front cross-sectional view of the venting channel 1 10 depicting the direction of the flow of hot gases through a separator 302 of the thermal management system 100. As discussed previously, the venting channel 110 is formed between the outer surface of the first dent plate 202 and the outer surface of the second dent plate 204. The venting channel 1 10 vents out the hot gases released from the battery modules in the event of a thermal runaway. This figure further shows a separator 302 positioned in the venting channel 1 10 which divides the venting channel 1 10 into equal halves. The separator 302 has a plurality of perforated holes 304, such that each of the perforated holes 304 is aligned away from each of the vent holes 214 on the corresponding base plate. In an example, the separator is made of an Aluminum sheet having a thickness of 1 mm. In the event of thermal runaway in any one of the cells 102 of the battery modules of the thermal management system 1 10, the bottom vented cell ruptures from the bottom, and subsequently, it releases hot gases via the pressure release valve which is present at the bottom of a cell can. Further, as discussed previously, the scored-out portion of each of the first sealing layer 216 and the second sealing layer 218 ruptures locally in the region corresponding to the vent holes 214 provided on the first base plate 206 and the second base plate 208 to provide a passage to hot gases released from the bottom end of the cell 102. Once, the first sealing layer 216 and the second sealing layer 218 are ruptured due to the release of high-pressure hot venting gases from the cell 102, the burst pressure of the venting gases further hits the surface of the separator 302. By the time the venting gases from the cell hit the separator 302, it loses its energy and is unable to further pierce the separator 302. Since the present system uses a battery pack in which there are at least two battery modules having cell vents facing each other,this protects the cells of the other battery module positioned at the bottom, opposite to the venting cell from getting triggered as the venting gases are contained in an upper region of the separator 302. Further, in case the gas is being vented from any one of the cells of the lower battery module, the hot gases released from the cell pass through the perforated holes 304 of the separator 302 and reach the upper region of the venting channel 110 and are further vented out through a venting port 306 provided on the first base plate 206.

[0038] In accordance with embodiments of the present subject matter, the top surface of the first base plate 206 comprises a vent opening that is fluidically coupled to the venting channel 1 10. The vent opening accommodates the venting port 306 which expels the hot gases released from the bottom end of the cylindrical cells 102 of both the upper and lower battery modules in the event of thermal runaway. Thus, the disclosed system does not use a separate venting port 306 for venting out hot gases from each battery module. Since the system uses a single venting port 306 for both the battery modules, this also reduces the number of additional components which may be required to create an additional venting passage.

[0039] In accordance with embodiments of the present subject matter, Figure 4 illustrates an exploded view of layers of the thermal management system 100. The thermal management system 100 is made by combining together two sets of plates, where each set comprises one base plate, one dent plate, and one sealing layer, i.e., a Mica sheet. Further, there is provided one separator which is positioned in the venting channel between the first set of plates and the second set of plates. The separator 302 divides the venting channel into two equal halves. The separator 302 is common for both the battery modules of the battery pack of the disclosed system.

[0040] In an example implementation, the thermal management system 100 for battery modules based on the above-mentioned techniques isassembled onto electric vehicles. An electric vehicle incorporating the thermal management system using the herein described system is compliant with AIS (AUTOMOTIVE INDUSTRY STANDARD) 156 (Amendment 2).

[0041] In accordance with embodiments of the present subject matter, the use of the thermal management system 100 for battery modules is not limited to electric vehicles, the disclosed thermal management system can be used in various applications that implement a battery pack, in high voltage in particular. For instance, apart from their application in the electric vehicles, the disclosed thermal management system for battery modules can be also in any electronic equipment using such a battery pack arrangement as described in the present disclosure. For example, in industrial applications, and a high-capacity power bank that offers uninterruptible power supply (UPS) capabilities.

[0042] Although the subject matter has been described in considerable detail with reference to certain examples and implementations thereof, other implementations are possible. As such, the present disclosure should not be limited to the description of the preferred examples and implementations contained therein.

Claims

I / We Claim:

1. A thermal management system (100) for battery modules, comprising: a first base plate (206) and a second base plate (208), each of the first base plate (206) and the second base plate (208) being a flat plate having a top surface and a bottom surface, wherein each of the first base plate (206) and the second base plate (208) comprises a plurality of vent holes (214), and wherein each of the plurality of vent holes (214) is to accommodate a cylindrical cell (102) through a bottom end of the cylindrical cell (102); a first dent plate (202) and a second dent plate (204) coupled to the bottom surface of each of the first base plate (206) and the second base plate (208), respectively, the first dent plate (202) and the second dent plate (204) each having an inner surface facing towards the corresponding base plate and an outer surface facing away from the corresponding base plate, wherein the first dent plate (202) and the second dent plate (204) have a corrugated structure having at least one crest region and at least one trough region, and wherein the at least one trough region forms a coolant channel (104) to hold coolant between an inner surface of the dent plate and the bottom surface of the corresponding base plate, and the at least one crest region interfaces with the bottom surface of the corresponding base plate, such that a plurality of holes provided in the at least one crest region coincides with the plurality of vent holes (214) of the corresponding base plate; a first sealing layer (216) and a second sealing layer (218) interfacing the outer surface of the first dent plate (202) and the second dent plate (204), respectively, the first sealing layer (216) and the second sealing layer (218) having a scored-out portion in the at least one crest region corresponding to the plurality of vent holes (214);a venting channel (1 10) formed between the outer surface of the first dent plate (202) and the outer surface of the second dent plate (204), wherein the scored-out portion of each of the first sealing layer (216) and the second sealing layer (218) is to rupture locally in the region corresponding to the plurality of vent holes (214) to provide a passage to hot gases released from the bottom end of the cylindrical cell (102) in an event of thermal runaway, into the venting channel (1 10) to vent out the hot gases.

2. The thermal management system (100) as claimed in claim 1 , comprises a separator (302) positioned in the venting channel (110), dividing the venting channel (1 10) into equal halves.

3. The thermal management system (100) as claimed in claim 2, wherein the separator (302) is made of an Aluminum metal sheet having a plurality of perforated holes (304), such that each of the plurality of perforated holes (304) is aligned away from each of the plurality of vent holes (214) on the corresponding base plate.

4. The thermal management system (100) as claimed in claim 1 , wherein a plurality of coolant channels (104) formed in the at least one trough region between the inner surface of the dent plate and the bottom surface of the corresponding base plate extends along a length of the first base plate (206) and the second base plate (208), and wherein each of the plurality of coolant channels (104) is fluidically connected with each other to circulate the coolant in the plurality of coolant channels (104).

5. The thermal management system (100) as claimed in claim 4, wherein the first base plate (206) comprises an inlet opening and an outlet opening to accommodate an inlet coolant port (106) and an outlet coolant port (108) provided atop the first base plate (206) for receiving and discarding the coolant, respectively.

6. The thermal management system (100) as claimed in claim 5, wherein the corresponding plate comprises a baffle between the inlet coolant port (106) and the outlet coolant port (108), for directing the circulation of the coolant beneath the corresponding plate.

7. The thermal management system (100) as claimed in claim 4, wherein a first set of the plurality of coolant channels between the inner surface of the first dent plate (202) and the bottom surface of the first base plate (206) and a second set of the plurality of coolant channels formed the inner surface of the second dent plate (204) and the bottom surface of the second base plate (208) are in fluid communication with each other.

8. The thermal management system (100) as claimed in claim 7, wherein the first set of the plurality of coolant channels and the second set of the plurality of coolant channels are interconnected through a passage (210) formed on the dent plate corresponding to the inlet opening on the first base plate (206), to fluidically connect the second set of the plurality of coolant channels with the inlet coolant port (106) and the first set of the plurality of coolant channels.

9. The thermal management system (100) as claimed in claim 8, wherein the passage (210) extends from the inner surface of the second dent plate (204) towards the corresponding inlet opening on the first base plate (206).

10. The thermal management system (100) as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the bottom end of the cylindrical cell (102) has a larger diameter than a diameter of the corresponding vent hole (214).1 1. The thermal management system (100) as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the top surface of the first base plate (206) comprises a ventopening fluidically coupled to the venting channel (110), wherein the vent opening is to accommodate a venting port (306) to expel the hot gases released from the bottom end of the cylindrical cell (102) in the event of thermal runaway.

12. The thermal management system (100) as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the first sealing layer (216) and the second sealing layer (218) are made of a Mica sheet.

13. The thermal management system (100) as claimed in claim 1 , wherein a diameter of a vent hole is smaller than a diameter of the bottom end of the cylindrical cell (102) that the vent hole is to accommodate.

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