Information processing device, information device, information processing method, and communication method

Abstract

[Problem] To improve frequency utilization efficiency while protecting an entity to be protected from radio wave interference. [Solution] This information processing device comprises a processing unit that determines the inclusion relationship between a first region that is related to an entity to be protected and a second region that includes environment data that is related to a geographical environment in which a communication device performs communication on the basis of first region information that indicates the range of the first region and second region information that indicates the range of the second region and uses the environment data in a manner that corresponds to the results of the determination about the inclusion relationship to estimate the amount of radio wave interference inflicted on the entity to be protected from a first reference point at which the communication device is installed in the first region.

Description

Information processing device, information device, information processing method, and communication method

[0001] The present disclosure relates to an information processing device, a communication device, an information processing method, and a communication method.

[0002] The problem of depletion of radio wave resources (frequencies) that can be allocated to wireless systems has surfaced due to the increase in wireless environments where a variety of wireless systems coexist and the enrichment of content provided via wireless. As a result, "Dynamic Spectrum Access (DSA)," which utilizes white space in time and space among frequency bands already allocated to specific wireless systems, is rapidly gaining attention as a means of freeing up necessary radio wave resources.

[0003] In recent years, there has been a movement around the world to open up the 6 GHz band (5925-7125 MHz) to unlicensed devices. Countries that have decided to open up the band are generally allowing low-power indoor use only in the entire 6 GHz band or in part (partial or complete use of the 5925-6425 MHz band in particular).

[0004] Meanwhile, the US FCC (Federal Communications Commissions) and Canada ISED (Innovation, Science and Economic Development Canada) allow unlicensed devices (Wi-Fi, 5G NR-U, etc.) to use AFC systems for high power output both indoors and outdoors. These unlicensed devices are called Standard Power Devices (SPDs). The AFC system is positioned as a DSA system in the 6 GHz band.

[0005] FCC rules require the AFC System to establish co-channel and adjacent channel exclusion zones to protect fixed service receivers (protected entities) operating in the 6 GHz band under license. To establish these zones, the FCC must calculate the separation distance required to meet the protection standard for fixed service receivers (I / N = -6 dB). The FCC must use the Free Space Path Loss (FSPL) method up to 30 m, the WINNER II model for distances greater than 30 m and less than 1 km, and the Irregular Terrain Model (ITM) for distances greater than 1 km. Based on the calculated separation distance, the FCC determines the available frequency (channel) information for each SPD and provides it to the SPD. SPDs are required to register their location information and location certainty with the AFC System. The AFC system is required to determine available frequency (channel) information taking into account an area determined by location information and location certainty.

[0006] WINNF-TS-0112-V1.9.1 “Requirements for Commercial Operation in the U.S. 3550-3700 MHz Citizens Broadband Radio Service Band” [available at https: / / cbrs.wirelessinnovation.org / release-1-of-the-baseline-standard-specifications ]WINNF-SSC-0008-V1.3.0, “Spectrum Sharing Committee Policy and Procedure Coordinated Periodic Activities Policy”WINNF-TS-0061-V1.5.1 Test and Certification for Citizens Broadband Radio Service (CBRS); Conformance and Performance Test Technical Specification; SAS as Unit Under Test (UUT) [available at https: / / cbrs.wirelessinnovation.org / release-1-of-the-baseline-standard-specifications ]WINNF-TS-0016-V1.2.4 Signaling Protocols and Procedures for Citizens Broadband Radio Service (CBRS): Spectrum Access System (SAS) - Citizens Broadband Radio Service Device (CBSD) Interface Technical Specification [available at https: / / cbrs.wirelessinnovation.org / release-1-of-the-baseline-standard-specifications ]“940660 D02 CPE-CBSD Handshake Procedures v02”,Federal Communications Commission Office of Engineering and Technology Laboratory Division, October 2019, available at https: / / apps.fcc.gov / oetcf / kdb / forms / FTSSearchResultPage.cfm?id=229297&switch=PECC Report 186 Technical and operational requirements for the operation of white space devices under geo-location approach [available at https: / / docdb.cept.org / document / 293 ]Implementing TV White Spaces - Ofcom [available at https: / / www.ofcom.org.uk / __data / assets / pdf_file / 0034 / 68668 / tvws-statement.pdf ]WINNF-TS-1001 V1.4.0, “CBRS Operational and Functional Requirements (Release 2)” [available at https: / / cbrs.wirelessinnovation.org / enhancements-to-baseline-specifications ]47 CFR Part 15 Subpart E Unlicensed National Information Infrastructure Devices [available at https: / / www.ecfr.gov / current / title-47 / chapter-I / subchapter-A / part-15 / subpart-E ]Decision on the Technical and Policy Framework for Licence-Exempt Use in the 6 GHz Band, available at https: / / www.ic.gc.ca / eic / site / smt-gst.nsf / eng / sf11698.htmlWi-Fi Alliance AFC Specification and Test Plans, available at: https: / / www.wi-fi.org / downloads-registered-guest / AFC_Specifications_and_Test_Plans_072022.zip / 38132Wireless Innovation Forum Specifications, Reports and Recommendations, available at: https: / / 6ghz.wirelessinnovation.org / specifications-reports-and-recommendationsWINNF-TS-3005-V1.1.0 Signaling Protocols and Procedures for 6 GHz Band; Extensions to AFC System - Standard Power Device Interface Technical Specification, available at: https: / / 6ghz.wirelessinnovation.org / specifications-reports-and-recommendationsP. Kyosti et al., “WINNER II channel models”, IST-4-027756 WINNER II Deliverable D1.1.2, 2008, available at: https: / / www.cept.org / files / 8339 / winner2%20-%20final%20report.pdf.

[0007] When applying the WINNER II model for distances between 30m and 1km, it is mandatory to calculate propagation loss (path loss) using information on line of sight (LOS) and non-line of sight (NLOS) for the path for which interference is calculated. If building data is available, it is permitted to refer to that data to determine whether it is LOS or NLOS (LOS / NLOS determination), and apply the WINNER II formula based on that determination. If building data is not available, a calculation formula based on a probabilistic model must be applied.

[0008] As mentioned above, the AFC system must consider the location information and location certainty of the SPD. In other words, it must determine available frequencies (channels) so that fixed service receivers are protected from interference emitted from SPDs located anywhere within the area.

[0009] The formulas and other information that must be applied here are strictly defined in WINNF-TS-1014. However, specifications for the use of building data are currently lacking. For example, while terrain data must be retained for the entire country for the purpose of calculating propagation loss, information on building data for the entire country is not necessarily available. However, given the significant impact on LOS / NLOS determination from the perspective of protecting existing licensees, even if only partial building data for the entire country is retained, existing licensees' fixed service receivers must be appropriately protected from interference. Furthermore, unlike terrain data, building data is expected to be updated relatively frequently due to factors such as urban planning. Similarly, because of its significant impact on LOS / NLOS determination, appropriate measures must be taken to accommodate building data updates.

[0010] The present disclosure provides an information processing device, a communication device, an information processing method, and a communication method that improve frequency utilization efficiency while protecting a protected entity from radio interference.

[0011] The information processing device of the present disclosure includes a processing unit that determines an inclusion relationship between the first area and the second area based on first area information indicating the range of a first area related to a protected entity and second area information indicating the range of a second area in which environmental data related to the geographical environment in which communication of a communication device is performed exists, and estimates the amount of radio interference provided to the protected entity from a first reference point at which the communication device is installed within the first area by using the environmental data in a manner according to the result of the determination of the inclusion relationship.

[0012] 1 is a diagram showing a system model in an embodiment of the present disclosure. A diagram showing a network configuration to which autonomous decision-making can be applied. A diagram showing a network configuration to which centralized decision-making can be applied. A diagram showing a network configuration when both centralized decision-making and distributed decision-making are applied. A diagram explaining a 3-tier structure in CBRS. A diagram explaining the flow of signaling between terminals. A diagram explaining the overall configuration of a communication system of the present disclosure. A diagram showing an example of an uncertainty region and a fixed service receiver. A diagram showing an example of an uncertainty region gridded. A diagram showing an example of a group of points identified as being unable to transmit at a certain transmit power. A diagram showing an example of calculating an exclusion zone. A diagram showing an example of a target region to which the INNER II model is applied. A block diagram of a frequency management device including an information processing device according to the present disclosure, and a communication device as an information device according to the present disclosure. A diagram showing an example of an application target region of building data and an area in which building data is stored. A diagram showing an example of an application target region of building data and an area in which building data is stored. A diagram showing an example of an application target region of building data and an area in which building data is stored. A diagram showing an example of an application target region of building data and an area in which building data is stored. A diagram showing an example of a radio wave propagation path between a fixed service receiver and a first interference estimation reference point. 18. A diagram showing an example of areas corresponding to radio wave propagation paths for which building data is held and areas for which building data is not held. A diagram showing an example of areas corresponding to radio wave propagation paths for which building data is held and areas for which building data is not held. A diagram showing the situation in FIG. 18 from a direction parallel to the ground. A diagram showing examples of buildings represented at multiple levels of detail. A diagram showing an example of building heights when the height of building data is given as a statistical value. A diagram showing an example of building heights when the height of building data is given as a statistical value. A diagram showing an example of building heights when the height of building data is given as a statistical value. A diagram showing an example of spatial reference systems. A diagram showing an example of height values ​​that differ between an ellipsoid reference and a geoid reference.

[0013] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present disclosure will be described with reference to the drawings. In one or more embodiments shown in the present disclosure, elements included in each embodiment can be combined with each other, and the combined result also forms part of the embodiment shown in the present disclosure. <<1. Assumed Representative Scenarios>> <1.1 System Model>

[0014] FIG. 1 shows a system model according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, this system model is represented by a communication network 100 including wireless communication, and is typically composed of the following entities: a communication device 110; a terminal 120; and a communication control device 130. This system model also includes at least a primary system and a secondary system that use the communication network 100. The primary system and the secondary system are configured by the communication device 110, or by the communication device 110 and the terminal 120. Various communication systems can be treated as the primary system or the secondary system, but in this embodiment, the primary system and the secondary system use part or all of the frequency bands. The frequency bands assigned to the primary system and the secondary system may overlap partly, completely, or not at all. In other words, this system model will be described as a model of a wireless communication system related to dynamic spectrum access (DSA). This system model is not limited to systems related to dynamic spectrum sharing.

[0015] The communication device 110 is typically a wireless device that provides wireless communication services to the terminal 120, such as a wireless base station (Base Station, Node B, eNB, gNB, etc.) or a wireless access point. That is, the communication device 110 provides wireless communication services to enable wireless communication of the terminal 120. The communication device 110 may also be a wireless relay device or an optical device called a Remote Radio Head (RRH). In the following description, unless otherwise specified, the communication device 110 will be described as an entity that constitutes a secondary system.

[0016] The coverage (communication area) provided by the communication device 110 may be of various sizes, ranging from a large one such as a macrocell to a small one such as a picocell. Multiple communication devices 110 may form one cell, such as in a distributed antenna system (DAS). Furthermore, if the communication device 110 has beamforming capability, a cell or service area may be formed for each beam.

[0017] In this disclosure, it is assumed that there are two different types of communication devices 110.

[0018] In the present disclosure, a communication device 110 that can access the communication control device 130 without using a wireless path that requires permission from the communication control device 130 is referred to as a "communication device 110A." Specifically, for example, a communication device 110 that can connect to the Internet via a wired connection can be considered a "communication device 110A." Furthermore, for example, even if a wireless relay device does not have a wired Internet connection function, if a wireless backhaul link using a frequency that does not require permission from the communication control device 130 is established with another communication device 110A, such a wireless relay device can also be considered a "communication device 110A."

[0019] In the present disclosure, a communication device 110 that cannot access the communication control device 130 without a wireless path that requires permission from the communication control device 130 is referred to as a "communication device 110B." For example, a wireless relay device that needs to establish a backhaul link using a frequency that requires permission from the communication control device 130 can be considered a "communication device 110B." Also, for example, a device such as a smartphone that has a wireless network provision function, typified by tethering, and that uses a frequency that requires permission from the communication control device 130 in both the backhaul link and the access link may be treated as a "communication device 110B."

[0020] The communication device 110 does not necessarily have to be fixed. For example, the communication device 110 may be installed on a moving object such as a car. Furthermore, the communication device 110 does not necessarily have to be located on the ground. For example, the communication device 110 may be provided on an object in the air or space, such as an aircraft, a drone, a helicopter, a High Altitude Platform Station (HAPS), a balloon, or a satellite. Furthermore, the communication device 110 may be provided on an object on or under the sea, such as a ship or a submarine. Typically, such a mobile communication device 110 corresponds to the communication device 110B, and secures an access path to the communication control device 130 by wirelessly communicating with the communication device 110A. Naturally, even a mobile communication device 110 can be treated as the communication device 110A if the frequency used for wireless communication with the communication device 110A is not managed by the communication control device 130.

[0021] In this disclosure, unless otherwise specified, the term "communication device 110" encompasses both communication device 110A and communication device 110B, and may be interpreted as either one.

[0022] The communication device 110 may be used, operated, or managed by various operators. For example, operators related to the communication device 110 may include a mobile network operator (MNO), a mobile virtual network operator (MVNO), a mobile network enabler (MNE), a mobile virtual network enabler (MVNE), a shared facility operator, a neutral host network (NHN) operator, a broadcasting operator, an enterprise, an educational institution (such as a school corporation or a local government board of education), a real estate (such as a building or condominium) manager, or an individual. The operators related to the communication device 110 are not particularly limited. The communication device 110A may be a shared facility used by multiple operators. The facilities may be installed, used, operated, and managed by different operators.

[0023] The communication devices 110 operated by a service provider are typically connected to the Internet via a core network. Operation, administration, and maintenance (OA&M) are used to operate, manage, and maintain the devices. For example, as shown in FIG. 1 , an intermediate device (network manager) 110C may exist that performs integrated control of the communication devices 110 within the network. The intermediate device may be either the communication device 110 or the communication control device 130.

[0024] The terminal 120 (e.g., user equipment, user terminal, user station, mobile terminal, mobile station) is a device that performs wireless communication using the wireless communication service provided by the communication device 110. Typically, a communication device such as a smartphone corresponds to the terminal 120. Any device equipped with wireless communication capabilities can also be considered a terminal 120. For example, a device such as a professional camera with wireless communication capabilities can also be considered a terminal 120, even if wireless communication is not its primary purpose. Furthermore, a communication device that transmits data to the terminal 120, such as a broadcasting radio station (FPU: Field Pickup Unit) that transmits television broadcast images from outside the broadcasting station (on-site) to the broadcasting station for sports coverage, also corresponds to the terminal 120. Furthermore, the terminal 120 does not necessarily have to be used by a person. For example, in the case of so-called MTC (Machine Type Communication), devices such as factory machinery and sensors installed in a building can be connected to a network and operate as the terminal 120. Furthermore, a device called Customer Premises Equipment (CPE), which is provided to ensure Internet connection, may also act as the terminal 120 .

[0025] Furthermore, the terminal 120 may be provided with a relay communication function, as typified by D2D (Device-to-Device) and V2X (Vehicle-to-Everything).

[0026] Similarly to the communication device 110, the terminal 120 does not need to be fixed or located on the ground. For example, an object in the air or space, such as an aircraft, a drone, a helicopter, or a satellite, may operate as the terminal 120. Furthermore, an object on or under the sea, such as a ship or a submarine, may operate as the terminal 120.

[0027] In this disclosure, unless otherwise specified, the terminal 120 corresponds to an entity that terminates a wireless link using a frequency that requires permission from the communication control device 130. However, depending on the functions provided by the terminal 120 and the network topology applied, the terminal 120 may operate in the same manner as the communication device 110. In other words, depending on the network topology, a device that can correspond to the communication device 110, such as a wireless access point, may also correspond to the terminal 120, and a device that can correspond to the terminal 120, such as a smartphone, may also correspond to the communication device 110.

[0028] The communication control device 130 is typically a device that determines, authorizes, instructs, and / or manages communication parameters of the communication device 110. For example, database servers called TVWSDB (TV White Space Database), GLDB (Geolocation database), SAS (Spectrum Access System), and AFC (Automated Frequency Coordination) correspond to the communication control device 130. In other words, a database server that has authority and a role such as authenticating and supervising radio wave usage related to secondary usage of frequencies can be considered to be the communication control device 130.

[0029] The communication control device 130 also includes a database server with a different role from the above. For example, a control device that controls radio interference between communication devices, such as the Spectrum Manager (SM) in EN 303 387 of the European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI), the Coexistence Manager (CM) in IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers) 802.19.1-2018, or the Coexistence Manager (CxM) in CBRSA-TS-2001, also falls under the category of communication control device 130. Furthermore, for example, a Registered Location Secure Server (RLSS) defined in IEEE 802.11-2016 also falls under the category of communication control device 130. In other words, the communication control device 130 may be any entity that determines, authorizes, instructs, and manages communication parameters of the communication device 110, without being limited to these examples. Basically, the communication control device 130 controls the communication device 110 , but the communication control device 130 may also control the terminal 120 under the control of the communication device 110 .

[0030] A combination of multiple database servers with different roles also corresponds to the communication control device 130. For example, the CBRS Alliance SAS (CSAS), which is a combination of SAS and CxM as specified in CBRSA-TS-2001, can also be considered as the communication control device 130.

[0031] The communication control device 130 can also be realized by installing software having the same functions as the database server in one database server. For example, an SAS that has the same functions or software as a CxM can also be considered as the communication control device 130.

[0032] There may be a plurality of communication control devices 130 with similar roles. When there are a plurality of communication control devices 130 with similar roles, at least one of the following three types of decision-making topologies may be applied to the communication control devices 130: Autonomous Decision-Making Centralized Decision-Making Distributed Decision-Making

[0033] Autonomous decision-making is a decision-making topology in which a decision-making entity (decision-making entity, in this case, the communication control device 130) makes decisions independently of other decision-making entities. The communication control device 130 independently performs necessary frequency allocation and interference control calculations. For example, autonomous decision-making can be applied when multiple communication control devices 130 are distributed as shown in FIG. 2 .

[0034] Centralized decision-making is a decision-making topology in which a decision-making entity delegates decision-making to another decision-making entity. When centralized decision-making is implemented, a model such as that shown in FIG. 3 is assumed. FIG. 3 shows a model (a so-called master-slave model) in which one communication control device 130 centrally controls multiple communication control devices 130. In the model of FIG. 3, a master communication control device 130A controls multiple slave communication control devices 130B and is capable of making decisions in a centralized manner.

[0035] Distributed decision-making is a decision-making topology in which a decision-making entity cooperates with other decision-making entities to make decisions. For example, in the autonomous decision-making shown in FIG. 2, multiple communication control devices 130 independently make decisions, but each communication control device 130 then adjusts and negotiates the decision-making results. This can be considered "distributed decision-making." Also, in the centralized decision-making shown in FIG. 3, for example, the master communication control device 130A dynamically delegates or revokes decision-making authority to each slave communication control device 130B for the purpose of load balancing, which can also be considered "distributed decision-making."

[0036] There may be cases where both centralized decision-making and distributed decision-making are applied. In Fig. 4, the slave communication control device 130B operates as an intermediate device that bundles multiple communication devices 110. The master communication control device 130A does not need to control the communication devices 110 bundled by the slave communication control device 130B, that is, the secondary system configured by the slave communication control device 130B. In this way, as a modified example, an implementation such as that shown in Fig. 4 is also possible.

[0037] To perform its function, the communication control device 130 may obtain necessary information from entities other than the communication devices 110 and the terminals 120 of the communication network 100. Specifically, the communication control device 130 may obtain information necessary for protecting the primary system from a database (regulatory database) managed or operated by a national or regional radio regulatory agency (NRA). An example of a regulatory database is the Universal Licensing System (ULS) operated by the Federal Communications Commission (FCC). Examples of information necessary for protecting the primary system include location information of the primary system, communication parameters of the primary system, out-of-band emission limits (OOBE), adjacent channel leakage ratios (ACLR), adjacent channel selectivities, fading margins, and protection ratios (PR). In regions where fixed values, acquisition methods, derivation methods, etc. are prescribed by law in order to protect the primary system, it is desirable to use the information prescribed by that law as the information necessary to protect the primary system.

[0038] Furthermore, a database that records communication devices 110 and terminals 120 that have received compliance certification, such as the Equipment Authorization System (EAS) managed by the FCC's Office of Engineering and Technology (OET), also falls under the category of regulatory database. From such a regulatory database, it is possible to obtain information about the operable frequencies of the communication devices 110 and terminals 120, information about the maximum equivalent isotropic radiated power (EIRP), and the like. Naturally, the communication control device 130 may use this information to protect the primary system.

[0039] It is also possible that the communication control device 130 acquires radio wave sensing information from a radio wave sensing system that is installed and operated for the purpose of detecting radio waves from the primary system. As a specific example, in the U.S. Citizens Broadband Radio Service (CBRS), the communication control device 130 acquires radio wave detection information from the shipboard radar that is the primary system from a radio wave sensing system called an Environmental Sensing Capability (ESC). Furthermore, if the communication device 110 or the terminal 120 has a sensing function, the communication control device 130 may acquire radio wave detection information from the primary system from them.

[0040] It is also conceivable that the communication control device 130 acquires activity information of the primary system from a portal system that manages the activity information of the primary system. As a specific example, in the U.S. Citizens Broadband Radio Service (CBRS), the communication control device 130 acquires activity information of the primary system from a calendar-type system called the Informing Incumbent Portal. Based on the acquired activity information, a protection area called a Dynamic Protection Area (DPA) is activated to protect the primary system. A similar method is also used to protect the primary system with an equivalent system called Informing Incumbent Capability (IIC).

[0041] The interfaces between the entities constituting this system model may be wired or wireless. For example, the interface between the communication control device 130 and the communication device 110 may be not only a wired line, but also a wireless interface that does not depend on frequency sharing. Examples of wireless interfaces that do not depend on frequency sharing include wireless communication lines provided by mobile communication operators via licensed bands and Wi-Fi communications that use existing license-exempt bands. <1.2 Terminology Related to Frequency and Sharing>

[0042] As described above, in this embodiment, a dynamic spectrum access (Dynamic Spectrum Access) environment is assumed. As a representative example of dynamic spectrum access, a mechanism defined by CBRS in the United States (i.e., a mechanism defined by Part 96 Citizens Broadband Radio Service of the FCC rules in the United States) will be described.

[0043] In CBRS, each frequency band user is classified into one of three groups, called tiers, as shown in Figure 5. The three groups are called the Incumbent Tier, Priority Access Tier, and General Authorized Access (GAA) Tier, respectively.

[0044] The Incumbent Tier is a group of incumbent users who have traditionally used the frequency band. Incumbent users are also commonly referred to as primary users. In CBRS, the U.S. Department of Defense (DOD), fixed satellite operators, and Grandfathered Wireless Broadband Licensees (GWBLs) are defined as incumbent users. The Incumbent Tier is not required to avoid interference with or restrict the use of frequency bands by the Priority Access Tier and GAA Tier, which have lower priority. Furthermore, the Incumbent Tier is protected from interference by the Priority Access Tier and GAA Tier. In other words, Incumbent Tier users can use the frequency band without considering the existence of other groups.

[0045] The Priority Access Tier is a group of users who use the frequency band based on the aforementioned Priority Access License (PAL). Users of the Priority Access Tier are also commonly called secondary users. When using the frequency band, the Priority Access Tier is required to avoid interference with the Incumbent Tier, which has a higher priority than the Priority Access Tier, and to suppress frequency band usage. On the other hand, the Priority Access Tier is not required to avoid interference with the GAA Tier, which has a lower priority than the Priority Access Tier. Furthermore, the Priority Access Tier is not protected from interference by the Incumbent Tier, which has a higher priority, but is protected from interference by the GAA Tier, which has a lower priority.

[0046] The GAA Tier is a group of frequency band users that do not belong to the Incumbent Tier or Priority Access Tier. Similar to the Priority Access Tier, GAA Tier users are also generally referred to as secondary users. However, because they have a lower priority for shared use than the Priority Access Tier, they are also called low-priority secondary users. When using frequency bands, the GAA Tier is required to avoid interference with and limit frequency band usage by the Incumbent Tier and Priority Access Tier, which have higher priorities. Furthermore, the GAA Tier is not protected from interference by the Incumbent Tier and Priority Access Tier, which have higher priorities.

[0047] Although the mechanism of CBRS has been described above as a typical example of dynamic frequency sharing, this embodiment is not limited to the definition of CBRS. For example, as shown in FIG. 5, CBRS generally adopts a three-tier structure, but in this embodiment, a two-tier structure may be adopted. Typical examples of two-tier structures include Authorized Shared Access (ASA), Licensed Shared Access (LSA), evolved LSA (eLSA), TVWS (TV band white space), and the US 6 GHz band sharing. ASA, LSA, and eLSA do not have a GAA tier, and adopt a structure equivalent to a combination of an incumbent tier and a priority access tier. Furthermore, TVWS and the US 6 GHz band sharing do not have a priority access tier, and adopt a structure equivalent to a combination of an incumbent tier and a GAA tier. Furthermore, four or more tiers may exist. Specifically, for example, four or more tiers may be generated by providing multiple intermediate layers equivalent to the priority access tier and further assigning different priorities to each intermediate layer. In addition, for example, the GAA tier may also be similarly divided and given priority, thereby increasing the number of tiers. In other words, each group may be divided.

[0048] Furthermore, the primary system of this embodiment is not limited to the definition of CBRS. For example, radio systems such as TV broadcasting, fixed microwave systems (FS), meteorological radar, radio altimeters, communications-based train control systems, and radio astronomy systems are possible examples of primary systems. Furthermore, any radio system can be the primary system of this embodiment, without being limited to these.

[0049] As mentioned above, this embodiment is not limited to a frequency sharing environment. Generally, in frequency sharing or secondary frequency usage, an existing system using a target frequency band is called a primary system, and a secondary user is called a secondary system. However, when this embodiment is applied to environments other than frequency sharing, these terms should be replaced with other terms. For example, a macrocell base station in a heterogeneous network (HetNet) may be called a primary system, and a small cell base station or relay station may be called a secondary system. Alternatively, a base station may be called a primary system, and a Relay UE (User Equipment) or Vehicle UE that realizes D2D or V2X within its coverage may be called a secondary system. The base station is not limited to a fixed type, and may be a portable or mobile type. In such cases, the communication control device 130 of this embodiment may be provided in a core network, a base station, a relay station, a Relay UE, or the like.

[0050] Furthermore, when the present embodiment is applied to an environment other than a frequency sharing environment, the term "frequency" in the present disclosure is replaced with another term shared in the application destination. For example, it is assumed that it will be replaced with terms such as "resource," "resource block," "resource element," "resource pool," "channel," "component carrier," "carrier," "subcarrier," "Bandwidth Part (BWP)," or another term having an equivalent or similar meaning. <<1. Description of Procedures Assumed in the Present Embodiment>>

[0051] Here, basic procedures that can be used when implementing this embodiment will be described. Note that up to <2.5> below, the description will be given assuming that the procedures are mainly implemented in the communication device 110A. <2.1 Registration Procedure>

[0052] The registration procedure is a procedure for registering information about a wireless system that intends to use a frequency band. More specifically, it is a procedure for registering device parameters related to the communication devices 110 of the wireless system in the communication control device 130. Typically, the registration procedure is initiated when the communication device 110 representing the wireless system that intends to use the frequency band notifies the communication control device 130 of a registration request including the device parameters. Note that if multiple communication devices 110 belong to the wireless system that intends to use the frequency band, the device parameters of each of the multiple communication devices are included in the registration request. Furthermore, the device that transmits the registration request on behalf of the wireless system may be determined as appropriate. <2.1.1 Details of Required Parameters>

[0053] Device parameters refer to, for example, the following information: - Information relating to the user of the communication device 110 (hereinafter referred to as user information) - Information specific to the communication device 110 (hereinafter referred to as specific information) - Information relating to the location of the communication device 110 (hereinafter referred to as location information) - Information relating to the antenna of the communication device 110 (hereinafter referred to as antenna information) - Information relating to the wireless interface of the communication device 110 (hereinafter referred to as wireless interface information) - Legal information relating to the communication device 110 (hereinafter referred to as legal information) - Information relating to the installer of the communication device 110 (hereinafter referred to as installer information) - Information relating to the group to which the communication device 110 belongs (hereinafter referred to as group information)

[0054] Device parameters are not limited to those described above. Information other than these may also be treated as device parameters. It should be noted that device parameters do not need to be transmitted all at once, but may be transmitted in multiple batches. In other words, multiple registration requests may be transmitted for one registration procedure. In this way, one procedure or one process within a procedure may be performed in multiple batches. The same applies to the procedures described below.

[0055] User information refers to information related to the user of the communication device 110. For example, user information may include a user ID, account name, user name, user contact information, and call sign. The user ID and account name may be generated independently by the user of the communication device 110, or may be issued in advance by the communication control device 130. It is desirable to use a call sign issued by the NRA.

[0056] The user information can be used, for example, for interference resolution. As a specific example, in the frequency usage notification procedure described in <2.5> below, the communication control device 130 may determine whether to suspend use of a frequency currently in use by the communication device 110 and issue an instruction based on the suspension determination, but may still notify a frequency usage notification request for that frequency. In this case, the communication control device 130 may suspect a malfunction of the communication device 110 and contact the user contact information included in the user information to request confirmation of the behavior of the communication device 110. This example is not limited to this example, and the communication control device 130 may contact the communication device 110 using the user information if it is determined that the communication device 110 is operating in a manner contrary to the communication control performed by the communication control device 130.

[0057] The unique information includes information that can identify the communication device 110, product information of the communication device 110, information related to the hardware or software of the communication device 110, and the like.

[0058] The information that can identify the communication device 110 may include, for example, the manufacturing number (serial number) of the communication device 110 and the ID of the communication device 110. The ID of the communication device 110 may be, for example, an ID that is uniquely assigned by the user of the communication device 110.

[0059] The product information of the communication device 110 may include, for example, an authentication ID, a product model number, information about the manufacturer, etc. An authentication ID is an ID given by a certification body in each country or region, such as an FCC ID in the United States, a CE number in Europe, or a technical standards conformity certificate (Giteki) in Japan. An ID issued by an industry group or the like based on its own certification program may also be considered an authentication ID.

[0060] Such unique information can be used, for example, as an allow list or a deny list. For example, if any information related to an active communication device 110 is included in the deny list, the communication control device 130 can instruct the communication device 110 to suspend frequency usage in the frequency usage notification procedure described in <2.5> below. Furthermore, the communication control device 130 can behave in such a way that it does not lift the suspension of usage until the communication device 110 is removed from the deny list. Furthermore, for example, the communication control device 130 can refuse to register a communication device 110 included in the deny list. Furthermore, the communication control device 130 can also perform operations such as not considering communication devices 110 corresponding to information included in the deny list in the interference calculation of the present disclosure, or considering only communication devices 110 corresponding to information included in the allow list in the interference calculation.

[0061] In the present disclosure, the FCC ID may be treated as information related to transmission power. For example, information about certified equipment can be obtained from an EAS (Equipment Authorization System) database, which is a type of regulatory database, and its API (Application Programming Interface) is also publicly available. For example, certified maximum EIRP information may be included in the information along with the FCC ID. Because such power information is linked to the FCC ID, the FCC ID can be treated as transmission power information. Similarly, the FCC ID may be treated as equivalent to other information included in the EAS. Furthermore, if there is information linked to an authentication ID other than the FCC ID, the authentication ID may be treated as equivalent to that information.

[0062] The information about the hardware of the communication device 110 may include, for example, transmission power class information. For example, in Title 47 CFR (Code of Federal Regulations) Part 96 of the United States, two types of transmission power class information, Category A and Category B, are defined, and the information about the hardware of the communication device 110 that complies with these regulations may include information about which of the two classes the device belongs to. In addition, TS36.104 and TS 38.104 of the 3GPP (3rd Generation Partnership Project) define several classes of eNodeB and gNodeB, and these regulations may also be used.

[0063] The transmission power class information can be used, for example, for interference calculation. The interference calculation can be performed by using the maximum transmission power specified for each class as the transmission power of the communication device 110.

[0064] The information about the software of the communication device 110 may include, for example, version information and build number of an execution program that describes the processing required for interaction with the communication control device 130. It may also include version information and build number of software for operating as the communication device 110.

[0065] Location information is typically information that can identify the location of the communication device 110. For example, it is coordinate information acquired by a positioning function such as the Global Positioning System (GPS), Beidou, the Quasi-Zenith Satellite System (QZSS), Galileo, or the Assisted Global Positioning System (A-GPS). Typically, the location information may include information related to latitude, longitude, height above ground / sea level, altitude, and positioning error. Alternatively, it may be location information registered in an information management device managed by the National Regulatory Authority (NRA) or its entrusted organization. Alternatively, it may be, for example, coordinates of the X-, Y-, and Z-axes with a specific geographical location as the origin. In addition to such coordinate information, an identifier indicating whether the communication device 110 is located outdoors or indoors may be assigned.

[0066] Furthermore, location uncertainty may be included in the location information. For example, the positioning accuracy information may be provided for both the horizontal plane and the vertical plane, or for either one of them. The positioning accuracy information may be used as a correction value when calculating the distance to an arbitrary point, for example. Furthermore, for example, the positioning accuracy information may also be used as area information in which the communication device 110 may be located. In this case, the positioning accuracy information may be used for processing such as identifying frequency information that can be used within the area indicated by the positioning accuracy information.

[0067] The location information may also be information indicating the area in which the communication device 110 is located. For example, information indicating an area designated by an administrative body, such as a postal code or an address, may be used. Alternatively, the area may be indicated by a set of three or more geographic coordinates. Such information indicating the area may be provided together with the coordinate information.

[0068] Furthermore, when the communication device 110 is located indoors, the location information may also include information indicating the floor of the building on which the communication device 110 is located. For example, the location information may include an identifier indicating the floor number, ground level, or basement. Furthermore, the location information may include information indicating a further enclosed space indoors, such as a room number or room name within the building.

[0069] Typically, it is desirable that the positioning function be provided by the communication device 110. However, there are cases where the performance of the positioning function does not meet the required accuracy. Furthermore, even if the performance of the positioning function meets the required accuracy, depending on the installation location of the communication device 110, it may not be possible to acquire location information that meets the required accuracy. Therefore, the positioning function may be provided by a device separate from the communication device 110, and the communication device 110 may acquire location-related information from that device. The device having the positioning function may be an available existing device, or may be provided by the installer of the communication device 110. In such cases, it is desirable that the location information measured by the installer of the communication device 110 be written to the communication device 110.

[0070] The antenna information is typically information indicating the performance and configuration of an antenna provided in the communication device 110. Typically, the information may include, for example, information such as the antenna installation height, tilt angle (Downtilt), horizontal direction (Azimuth), boresight, antenna peak gain, and antenna model.

[0071] The antenna information may also include information about the beams that can be formed, such as beam width, beam pattern, and analog or digital beamforming capabilities.

[0072] The antenna information may also include information regarding the performance and configuration of MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple Output) communication. For example, information such as the number of antenna elements and the maximum number of spatial streams (or the number of MIMO layers) may be included. Furthermore, information regarding the codebook to be used and weight matrix information may also be included. Examples of weight matrix information include a unitary matrix, a ZF (Zero-Forcing) matrix, and an MMSE (Minimum Mean Square Error) matrix, which can be obtained by SVD (Singular Value Decomposition), EVD (Eigen Value Decomposition), BD (Block Diagonalization), or the like. Furthermore, if the communication device 110 has a function such as MLD (Maximum Likelihood Detection) that requires nonlinear calculations, information indicating the function may be included in the antenna information.

[0073] The antenna information may also include ZoD (Zenith of Direction, Departure). ZoD is a type of radio wave arrival angle. Note that the ZoD may not be notified by the communication device 110, but may be estimated by another communication device 110 from radio waves radiated from the antenna of the communication device 110 and notified. In this case, the communication device 110 may be a device operating as a base station or an access point, a device performing D2D communication, or a moving relay base station. The ZoD may be estimated by a radio wave arrival direction estimation technique such as MUSIC (Multiple Signal Classification) or ESPRIT (Estimation of Signal Propagation via Rotation Invariance Techniques). The ZoD may also be used by the communication control device 130 as measurement information.

[0074] The radio interface information typically refers to information indicating the radio interface technology provided by the communication device 110. For example, the radio interface information may include identifier information indicating technologies used in GSM, CDMA2000, UMTS, E-UTRA, E-UTRA NB-IoT, 5G NR, 5G NR NB-IoT, or further next-generation cellular systems. It may also include identifier information indicating LTE (Long Term Evolution) / 5G-compliant derivative technologies such as MultiFire, LTE-U (Long Term Evolution - Unlicensed), and NR-U (NR-Unlicensed). It may also include identifier information indicating standard technologies such as MAN (Metropolitan Area Network) technologies such as WiMAX and WiMAX2+, and IEEE 802.11-based wireless LANs. It may also include identifier information indicating XGP (Extended Global Platform) and sXGP (Shared XGP). It may also be identifier information for communication technologies for LPWA (Local Power, Wide Area). It may also include identifier information indicating proprietary radio technologies. The version or release number of the technical specifications that define these technologies may also be included as air interface information.

[0075] The radio interface information may also include information about frequency bands supported by the communication device 110. For example, the frequency band information may be represented by an upper limit frequency, a lower limit frequency, a center frequency, a bandwidth, a 3GPP Operating Band number, or a combination of at least two of these. Furthermore, information about one or more frequency bands may be included in the radio interface information.

[0076] The frequency band information supported by the communication device 110 may further include information indicating the capabilities of bandwidth extension technologies such as carrier aggregation (CA) and channel bonding. For example, information on bands that can be combined may be included. Regarding carrier aggregation, information on bands to be used as primary component carriers (PCCs) and secondary component carriers (SCCs) may also be included. The information may also include the number of component carriers (CC count) that can be simultaneously aggregated.

[0077] The frequency band information supported by the communication device 110 may further include information indicating a combination of frequency bands supported by Dual Connectivity and Multi Connectivity. Information on other communication devices 110 that cooperate to provide Dual Connectivity and Multi Connectivity may also be provided. In subsequent procedures, the communication control device 130 may make a decision on communication control as disclosed in this embodiment, taking into account other communication devices 110 with which it has a cooperative relationship.

[0078] The frequency band information supported by the communication device 110 may also include information indicating radio wave usage priority, such as PAL and GAA.

[0079] The radio interface information may also include modulation scheme information supported by the communication device 110. For example, representative examples include information indicating primary modulation schemes such as FSK (Frequency Shift Keying), n-ary PSK (Phase Shift Keying, where n is a power of 2, such as 2, 4, or 8), and n-ary QAM (Quadrature Amplitude Modulation, where n is a power of 4, such as 4, 16, 64, 256, or 1024). The radio interface information may also include information indicating secondary modulation schemes such as OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing), Scalable OFDM, DFT-s-OFDM (DFT spread OFDM), GFDM (Generalized Frequency Division Multiplexing), and FBMC (Filter Bank Multi Carrier).

[0080] The radio interface information may also include information about error correction codes, such as capabilities of Turbo codes, Low Density Parity Check (LDPC) codes, Polar codes, erasure correction codes, and the like, as well as information about the coding rate to be applied.

[0081] Alternatively, the modulation method information and the information on the error correction code can be expressed as an MCS (Modulation and Coding Scheme) index.

[0082] The radio interface information may also include information indicating functions specific to each wireless technical specification supported by the communication device 110. For example, a typical example is Transmission Mode (TM) information defined in LTE. In addition, if a specific function has two or more modes, the radio interface information may include TM information. Furthermore, if the communication device 110 supports a function that is not required by the specification even if the technical specification does not include two or more modes, the radio interface information may also include information indicating the supported function.

[0083] The radio interface information may also include information on radio access technologies (RATs) supported by the communication device 110. For example, information indicating time division multiple access (TDMA), frequency division multiple access (FDMA), orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA), power division multiple access (PDMA), code division multiple access (CDMA), sparse code multiple access (SCMA), interleave division multiple access (IDMA), spatial division multiple access (SDMA), carrier sense multiple access / collision avoidance (CSMA / CA), and carrier sense multiple access / collision detection (CSMA / CD) may be included. Note that TDMA, FDMA, and OFDMA are classified as orthogonal multiple access (OMA). PDMA, CDMA, SCMA, IDMA, and SDMA are classified as non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA). A typical example of PDMA is a method realized by combining Superposition Coding (SPC) and Successive Interference Canceller (SIC). CSMA / CA and CSMA / CD are classified as opportunistic access methods.

[0084] When the radio interface information includes information indicating an opportunistic access method, the radio interface information may further include information indicating details of the access method. As a specific example, the radio interface information may include information indicating whether the access method is Frame Based Equipment (FBE) or Load Based Equipment (LBE) defined in ETSI EN 301 598.

[0085] When the radio interface information indicates an LBE, it may further include information specific to the LBE, such as a Priority Class.

[0086] The radio interface information may also include information related to duplex modes supported by the communication device 110. Representative examples include information related to methods such as frequency division duplex (FDD), time division duplex (TDD), and full duplex (FD).

[0087] When TDD is included as the radio interface information, the radio interface information may include information on the TDD frame structure used or supported by the communication device 110. Furthermore, information on the duplex mode may be included for each frequency band indicated by the frequency band information.

[0088] When the FD is included as the radio interface information, information on the interference power detection level may be included.

[0089] The radio interface information may also include information about transmit diversity techniques supported by the communication device 110. For example, space time coding (STC) may be included.

[0090] The radio interface information may also include guard band information. For example, the radio interface information may include information about a guard band size predetermined for the radio interface. Alternatively, the radio interface information may include information about a guard band size desired by the communication device 110.

[0091] Regardless of the above aspect, the radio interface information may be provided for each frequency band.

[0092] The legal information typically refers to information about regulations that the communication device 110 must comply with, as determined by radio regulatory agencies or equivalent agencies in each country or region, and certification information that the communication device 110 has acquired. The regulatory information typically includes, for example, information about upper limits on out-of-band emissions and information about the blocking characteristics of the receiver. The certification information typically includes, for example, type approval information and regulatory information that serves as the basis for obtaining certification. Examples of type approval information include an FCC ID in the United States and a technical standards compliance certificate in Japan. Examples of regulatory information include an FCC regulation number in the United States and an ETSI Harmonized Standard number in Europe.

[0093] For legal information related to numerical values, those specified in the radio interface technology specifications may be used instead. Examples of radio interface technology specifications include 3GPP TS 36.104 and TS 38.104. These specifications specify the adjacent channel leakage ratio (ACLR). Instead of the upper limit information for out-of-band emissions, the ACLR specified in the specifications may be used to derive the upper limit for out-of-band emissions. If necessary, the ACLR itself may also be used. Alternatively, the adjacent channel selectivity (ACS) may be used instead of the blocking characteristics. These may also be used together, or the adjacent channel interference ratio (ACIR) may be used. Generally, the ACIR has the following relationship with the ACLR and ACS: Although equation (1) uses a true value representation, it may be expressed in a logarithmic representation.

[0094] The installer information may include information that can identify the person who installed the communication device 110 (the installer), unique information linked to the installer, and the like. Typically, the installer information may include information about a Certified Professional Installer (CPI) defined in Non-Patent Document 1, which is information about an individual who is responsible for the location information of the communication device 110. The CPI discloses a Certified Professional Installer Registration ID (CPIR-ID) and a CPI name. Furthermore, unique information linked to the CPI may include, for example, a mailing address or contact address, an email address, a telephone number, a PKI (Public Key Identifier), and the like. The installer information may also include other information about the installer as needed, without being limited to these.

[0095] The group information may include information about the communication device group to which the communication device 110 belongs. Specifically, for example, information about groups of the same or similar type as those disclosed in WINNF-SSC-0010 may be included. Also, for example, if a telecommunications carrier manages the communication devices 110 on a group-by-group basis according to its own operation policy, information about the group may be included in the group information.

[0096] The information listed up to this point may not be provided by the communication device 110 to the communication control device 130, but may be inferred by the communication control device 130 from other information provided by the communication device 110. Specifically, for example, guard band information can be inferred from radio interface information. When the radio interface used by the communication device 110 is E-UTRA or 5G NR, the guard band information can be inferred based on the E-UTRA transmission bandwidth specifications described in 3GPP TS36.104, the 5G NR transmission bandwidth specifications described in 3GPP TS38.104, and the table described in TS38.104 shown below.

[0097] In other words, it is sufficient for the communication control device 130 to acquire the information listed above, and the communication device 110 does not necessarily need to provide this information to the communication control device 130. Furthermore, an intermediate device 130B (e.g., a network manager) that bundles multiple communication devices 110 does not necessarily need to provide this information to the communication control device 130A. Providing information from the communication device 110 or intermediate device 130B to the communication control device 130 or 130A is merely one means of providing information in this embodiment. The information listed above is information that may be necessary for the communication control device 130 to successfully complete this procedure, and the means of providing the information does not matter. For example, WINNF-TS-0061 allows this method, calling it Multi-Step Registration.

[0098] Naturally, the information listed above can be selectively applied depending on the legal system and technical specifications of the region. <2.1.1.1 Supplementary information on required parameters>

[0099] In the registration procedure, it is expected that in some cases device parameters related to not only the communication device 110 but also the terminal 120 will be required to be registered in the communication control device 130. In such cases, the term "communication device" in the explanation given in <2.1.1> may be replaced with "terminal" or a similar term. Furthermore, parameters specific to "terminal" that are not mentioned in <2.1.1> may also be treated as required parameters in the registration procedure. For example, the UE (User Equipment) Category defined by 3GPP may be mentioned. <2.1.2 Details of Registration Process>

[0100] As described above, the communication device 110 representing a wireless system that wishes to use a frequency band generates a registration request including device parameters and notifies the communication control device 130 of the request.

[0101] Here, if the device parameters include installer information, the communication device 110 may use the installer information to process the registration request to prevent tampering. Furthermore, some or all of the information included in the registration request may be encrypted. Specifically, for example, a unique public key may be shared in advance between the communication device 110 and the communication control device 130, and the communication device 110 may encrypt information using a private key corresponding to the public key. Examples of information that may be encrypted include location information, which is sensitive from a security standpoint.

[0102] It is possible that the ID and location information of the communication device 110 are publicly available, and the communication control device 130 stores in advance the IDs and location information of the main communication devices 110 present within its coverage area. In such cases, the communication control device 130 can obtain the location information from the ID of the communication device 110 that sent the registration request, so the location information does not need to be included in the registration request. It is also possible that the communication control device 130 replies with the necessary device parameters to the communication device 110 that sent the registration request, and in response, the communication device 110 sends a registration request including the device parameters necessary for registration. In this way, the information included in the registration request may vary depending on the situation.

[0103] After receiving the registration request, the communication control device 130 performs registration processing for the communication device 110 and returns a registration response according to the processing results. If there is no lack of information required for registration or if there are no abnormalities, the communication control device 130 records the information in an internal or external storage device and notifies the communication device 110 of successful completion. Otherwise, it notifies the communication device 110 of a failed registration. If the registration is successful, the communication control device 130 may assign an ID to each communication device 110 and notify the communication device 110 of the ID information in the response. If the registration fails, the communication device 110 may re-notify a modified registration request. The communication device 110 may also modify the registration request and attempt to retry the registration procedure until the registration is successfully completed.

[0104] The registration procedure may be executed even after registration has been successfully completed. Specifically, the registration procedure may be executed again if, for example, the location information changes beyond a predetermined standard due to movement, accuracy improvement, etc. The predetermined standard is typically determined by the legal system of each country or region. For example, in the United States, 47 CFR Part 15 requires that Mode II personal / portable white space devices, i.e., devices using open frequencies, must register again if their location changes by 100 meters or more. <2.2 Available Spectrum Query Procedure>

[0105] The available frequency information inquiry procedure is a procedure in which a wireless system that intends to use a frequency band inquires of the communication control device 130 about information on available frequencies. Note that it is not necessary to perform the available frequency information inquiry procedure. Furthermore, the communication device 110 that makes the inquiry on behalf of the wireless system that intends to use the frequency band may be the same as or different from the communication device 110 that generated the registration request. Typically, the procedure is initiated when the communication device 110 making the inquiry notifies the communication control device 130 of an inquiry request that includes information that can identify the communication device 110.

[0106] Here, the available frequency information typically refers to information indicating frequencies that can be safely used for secondary purposes by the communication device 110 without causing fatal interference to the primary system.

[0107] The available frequency information is determined based on, for example, a secondary use prohibited area called an Exclusion Zone. Specifically, for example, if the communication device 110 is installed in a secondary use prohibited area that is established for the purpose of protecting a primary system that uses frequency channel F1, the frequency channel F1 is not notified to the communication device 110 as an available channel.

[0108] The available frequency information can be determined, for example, by the degree of interference with the primary system. Specifically, even if a frequency channel is outside the secondary use prohibited area, if it is determined that the frequency channel will cause fatal interference with the primary system, the frequency channel may not be notified as an available channel. An example of a specific calculation method is described in <2.2.2> below.

[0109] Furthermore, as described above, there may be frequency channels that are not notified as available due to conditions other than the primary system protection requirements. Specifically, for example, in order to prevent interference that may occur between communication devices 110 in advance, a frequency channel that is being used by another communication device 110 located in the vicinity of the communication device 110 may not be notified as an available channel. In this way, available frequency information that is set in consideration of interference with other communication devices 110 may be set as, for example, "recommended use frequency information" and provided together with the available frequency information. In other words, it is desirable that the "recommended use frequency information" be a subset of the available frequency information.

[0110] Even if it would have an impact on the primary system, if the impact can be avoided by reducing the transmission power, the same frequency as that of the primary system or a nearby communication device 110 may be notified as an available channel. In such a case, the available frequency information typically includes maximum allowable transmission power information. The maximum allowable transmission power is typically expressed in EIRP. However, this does not necessarily have to be limited to this, and may be provided as a combination of conducted power and antenna gain, for example. Furthermore, the antenna gain may be set to an allowable peak gain for each spatial direction. <2.2.1 Details of Required Parameters>

[0111] The information that can identify the wireless system that is going to use the frequency band can be, for example, the unique information registered during the registration procedure, the ID information mentioned above, or the like.

[0112] The inquiry request may also include inquiry requirement information. The inquiry requirement information may include, for example, information indicating a frequency band for which availability is desired. The inquiry requirement information may also include, for example, transmission power information. The communication device 110 making the inquiry may include transmission power information when, for example, it only wants to know frequency information for which a desired transmission power can be used. The inquiry requirement information does not necessarily have to be included in the inquiry request.

[0113] The information indicating the frequency band may also include information indicating the format of the available frequency information. In the IEEE 802.11 standard, a channel number is specified for each band. For example, a flag indicating whether or not availability of a channel specified in such an air interface technical specification is requested may be included. As another format, a flag indicating whether or not availability of a unit frequency range is requested rather than a specified channel may be included. If the unit frequency is 1 MHz, available frequency information is requested for each 1 MHz frequency range. When this flag is used, the desired unit frequency information may be enclosed in the flag.

[0114] The inquiry request may also include a measurement report. The measurement report includes the results of measurements performed by the communication device 110 and / or the terminal 120. Some or all of the measurement results may be represented as raw data, or may be represented as processed data. For example, standardized metrics such as RSRP (Reference Signal Received Power), RSSI (Reference Signal Strength Indicator), and RSRQ (Reference Signal Received Quality) may be used for the measurements. <2.2.2 Details of Available Frequency Evaluation Process>

[0115] After receiving the inquiry request, the available frequencies are evaluated based on the inquiry requirement information. For example, as described above, the available frequencies can be evaluated taking into consideration the primary system, its secondary use prohibited area, and the presence of nearby communication devices 110.

[0116] The communication control device may derive the secondary use prohibited area. For example, MaxTx(dBm) and minimum transmit power P MinTx(dBm) is defined, it is possible to calculate the range of the separation distance between the primary system and the secondary system using the following formula and determine the secondary use prohibited area. I Th(dBm) is the allowable interference power (limit value of the allowable interference power), d is the distance between a predetermined reference point and the communication device 110, and PL() (dB) is a function of propagation loss. This allows frequency availability to be determined according to the positional relationship between the primary system and the communication device 110. In addition, when the communication device 110 provides information on the transmission power or power range it wishes to use in the request, PL -1 (P Tx(dBm) -I Th(dBm) ) and compare it with the range formula to determine frequency availability.

[0117] Maximum allowable transmission power information may be derived. Typically, the maximum allowable transmission power information is calculated using allowable interference power information in the primary system or its protection zone, position information of a reference point for calculating the interference power level suffered by the primary system, registration information of the communication device 110, and a propagation loss estimation model. Specifically, as an example, the maximum allowable transmission power information is calculated using the following formula: Although equation (2) does not include the antenna gain of the transmitter / receiver, it may include the antenna gain of the transmitter / receiver depending on the expression method of the maximum allowable transmission power (EIRP, conducted power, etc.) and the reference point of the received power (antenna input point, antenna output point, etc.). A safety margin to compensate for fluctuations due to fading may also be included. Feeder loss may also be taken into account as necessary. Similar calculations can be made for adjacent channels by taking into account the adjacent channel leakage ratio (ACRL) and the maximum out-of-band radiation value.

[0118] Furthermore, equation (2) is written based on the assumption that a single communication device 110 is the interference source (single-station interference). For example, if it is necessary to consider the cumulative interference (aggregated interference) from multiple communication devices 110 at the same time, a correction value may be added. Specifically, the correction value may be determined based on the three types of interference margin allocation methods (Fixed / Predetermined, Flexible, Flexible Minimized) disclosed in Non-Patent Document 6 (ECC Report 186).

[0119] It should be noted that, as in equation (2), the tolerable interference power information itself is not necessarily directly usable. For example, when the required signal-to-interference power ratio (SIR), SINR (Signal to Interference Plus Noise Ratio), etc. of the primary system are available, they may be converted into the tolerable interference power and used. It should be noted that such conversion processing is not limited to this processing, and may also be applied to processing of other procedures.

[0120] Although Equation (2) is expressed using logarithms, it may be converted to antilogarithms in practice. Furthermore, all parameters expressed in logarithmic notation in the present disclosure may be converted to antilogarithms as appropriate.

[0121] Furthermore, when the aforementioned transmission power information is included in the inquiry requirement information, it is possible to evaluate the available frequencies by a method other than the above-described method. Specifically, for example, assuming that the desired transmission power indicated by the transmission power information is used, if the estimated interference amount is lower than the allowable interference power in the primary system or its protection zone, the frequency channel is determined to be available and this is notified to the communication device 110.

[0122] Furthermore, for example, in cases where an area or space in which communication device 110 can use a frequency band is predetermined, similar to an area in a REM (Radio Environment Map), available frequency information may be derived solely based on coordinates included in the location information of communication device 110 (X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis coordinates or latitude, longitude, and height above ground of communication device 110). Also, for example, even in cases where a lookup table that associates the location coordinates of communication device 110 with available frequency information is prepared, the available frequency information may be derived solely based on the location information of communication device 110. As such, there are various methods for determining available frequencies, and these are not limited to the examples of the present disclosure.

[0123] In addition, if the communication control device 130 acquires information about the capabilities of bandwidth extension technologies such as Carrier Aggregation (CA) and Channel Bonding as frequency band information supported by the communication device 110, the communication control device 130 may include available combinations of these, recommended combinations, etc. in the available frequency information.

[0124] In addition, when the communication control device 130 acquires information about the combination of frequency bands supported by Dual Connectivity and Multi Connectivity as frequency band information supported by the communication device 110, the communication control device 130 may include information such as available frequencies and recommended frequencies for Dual Connectivity and Multi Connectivity in the available frequency information.

[0125] Furthermore, when providing available frequency information for the above-described bandwidth extension technology, if an imbalance in maximum allowable transmission power occurs among multiple frequency channels, the available frequency information may be provided after adjusting the maximum allowable transmission power of each frequency channel. For example, from the viewpoint of protecting the primary system, the maximum allowable transmission power of each frequency channel may be adjusted to the maximum allowable transmission power of a frequency channel with a low maximum allowable power flux density (PSD: Power Spectral Density).

[0126] The evaluation of available frequencies does not necessarily have to be performed after receiving an inquiry request. For example, the communication control device 130 may perform the evaluation independently without an inquiry request after the above-mentioned registration procedure has been successfully completed. In such a case, the REM or lookup table shown as an example above, or an information table similar thereto, may be created.

[0127] In addition, evaluation may also be performed on radio wave usage priority such as PAL or GAA. For example, if registered device parameters or query requirements include information on radio wave usage priority, whether frequency usage is possible may be determined based on the priority and notified. Furthermore, for example, as disclosed in Non-Patent Document 1, if a user has previously registered information (called a Cluster List in Non-Patent Document 1) about communication devices 110 that will use high priority (e.g., PAL) in the communication control device 130, evaluation may be performed based on that information.

[0128] After the evaluation of the available frequencies is completed, the communication control device 130 notifies the communication device 110 of the evaluation result.

[0129] The communication device 110 may select desired communication parameters using the evaluation results received from the communication control device 130. If the spectrum grant procedure described below is not adopted, the communication device 110 may start radio wave transmission using the selected desired communication parameters as communication parameters. <2.3 Spectrum Grant Procedure>

[0130] The frequency use permission procedure is a procedure by which a wireless system that wishes to use a frequency band receives a secondary frequency use permission from the communication control device 130. The communication device 110 that performs the frequency use permission procedure on behalf of the wireless system may be the same as or different from the communication device 110 that performed the previous procedures. Typically, the procedure is initiated when the communication device 110 notifies the communication control device 130 of a frequency use permission request that includes information that can identify the communication device 110. Note that, as described above, the available frequency information inquiry procedure is not required. Therefore, the frequency use permission procedure may be performed after the available frequency information inquiry procedure or after the registration procedure.

[0131] In this embodiment, it is assumed that at least the following two types of frequency use permission request methods can be used: a designated method; and a flexible method.

[0132] The designation method is a request method in which the communication device 110 designates desired communication parameters and requests permission to operate based on the desired communication parameters from the communication control device 130. The desired communication parameters include, but are not limited to, a desired frequency channel and maximum transmission power. For example, parameters specific to the wireless interface technology (such as modulation method and duplex mode) may be designated. Furthermore, information indicating radio wave usage priority, such as PAL and GAA, may also be included.

[0133] The flexible method is a request method in which the communication device 110 specifies only requirements related to communication parameters and requests the communication control device 130 to specify communication parameters that satisfy the requirements and allow secondary use. Requirements related to communication parameters include, but are not limited to, bandwidth, desired maximum transmission power, and desired minimum transmission power. For example, parameters specific to the wireless interface technology (such as modulation method and duplex mode) may be specified. Specifically, for example, one or more TDD frame structures may be selected and notified in advance.

[0134] Similar to the inquiry request, the frequency use permission request may also include a measurement report, regardless of whether it is a designated method or a flexible method. The measurement report includes the results of measurements performed by the communication device 110 and / or the terminal 120. The measurements may be represented as raw data or processed data. For example, standardized metrics such as RSRP (Reference Signal Received Power), RSSI (Reference Signal Strength Indicator), and RSRQ (Reference Signal Received Quality) may be used for the measurements.

[0135] The method information used by the communication device 110 may be registered in the communication control device 130 during the registration procedure described in <2.1>. <2.3.1 Details of Frequency Use Permission Processing>

[0136] After receiving the frequency use permission request, the communication control device 130 performs frequency use permission processing based on the frequency use permission request method. For example, by using the method described in <2.2>, it is possible to perform frequency use permission processing taking into consideration the primary system, secondary use prohibited areas, the presence of nearby communication devices 110, etc.

[0137] When the flexible method is used, the maximum allowable transmission power information may be derived using the method described in <2.2.2>. Typically, the maximum allowable transmission power information is calculated using information on the allowable interference power in the primary system or its protection zone, location information of a reference point for calculating the interference power level suffered by the primary system, registration information of the communication device 110, and a propagation loss estimation model. Specifically, as an example, the maximum allowable transmission power information is calculated using the above formula (2).

[0138] Furthermore, as described above, equation (2) is written based on the assumption that a single communication device 110 is the interference source. For example, if it is necessary to consider the cumulative interference (aggregated interference) from multiple communication devices 110 at the same time, a correction value may be added. Specifically, the correction value may be determined based on the three types of methods (Fixed / Predetermined, Flexible, Flexible Minimized) disclosed in Non-Patent Document 6 (ECC Report 186).

[0139] The communication control device 130 can use various propagation loss estimation models in frequency use permission procedures, available frequency evaluation processing in response to available frequency information inquiry requests, etc. If a model is specified for each application, it is desirable to use the specified model. For example, Non-Patent Document 1 (WINNF-TS-0112) adopts propagation loss models such as Extended Hata (eHATA) and Irregular Terrain Model (ITM) for each application. Naturally, propagation loss models are not limited to these.

[0140] Some propagation loss estimation models require information about the radio wave propagation path. The information about the radio wave propagation path may include, for example, information indicating whether the path is line of sight (LOS: Line of Sight and / or NLOS: Non Line of Sight), topographical information (e.g., topography, elevation, etc.), and environmental information (e.g., urban, suburban, rural, open sky). When using a propagation loss estimation model, the communication control device 130 may estimate this information from previously acquired registration information about the communication device 110 and information about the primary system. Alternatively, if pre-specified parameters exist, it is desirable to use those parameters.

[0141] When a propagation loss estimation model is not specified for a specific application, different models may be used as needed. For example, when estimating the interference power to other communication devices 110, a model that calculates a small loss, such as a free space loss model, may be used, but when estimating the coverage of the communication device 110, a model that calculates a large loss may be used.

[0142] Furthermore, when a specified propagation loss estimation model is used, it is possible to perform frequency use permission processing by evaluating the risk of interference, for example. Specifically, for example, assuming that a desired transmission power indicated by the transmission power information is used, if the estimated amount of interference is lower than the allowable interference power in the primary system or its protection zone, it is determined that use of the frequency channel is permissible, and this is notified to the communication device 110.

[0143] In both the designated method and the flexible method, radio wave usage priority such as PAL or GAA may also be evaluated, as with the inquiry request. For example, if the registered device parameters or inquiry requirements include information regarding radio wave usage priority, whether frequency usage is possible may be determined and notified based on the priority. Also, for example, if a user has previously registered information about a communication device 110 that will use high priority (e.g., PAL) in the communication control device 130, evaluation may be performed based on that information. For example, in Non-Patent Document 1 (WINNF-TS-0112), information about the communication device 110 is called a Cluster List.

[0144] In addition, in any of the above calculations, when using location information of the communication device, location uncertainty may be used to determine frequency availability by correcting the location information or coverage.

[0145] The frequency use permission process does not necessarily have to be triggered by the reception of a frequency use permission request. For example, the communication control device 130 may perform the process independently without a frequency use permission request after the above-mentioned registration procedure has been successfully completed. Alternatively, the frequency use permission process may be performed periodically. In such a case, the above-mentioned REM, lookup table, or similar information table may be created. This allows the permissible frequencies to be determined using only the location information, so the communication control device 130 can quickly return a response after receiving a frequency use permission request. <2.4 Spectrum Use Notification (Heartbeat)>

[0146] The frequency usage notification is a procedure in which a wireless system using a frequency band notifies the communication control device 130 of the use of the frequency based on communication parameters whose use is permitted in the frequency use permission procedure. The communication device 110 that performs the frequency usage notification on behalf of the wireless system may be the same as or different from the communication device 110 that performed the previous procedures. Typically, the communication device 110 notifies the communication control device 130 of a notification message that includes information that can identify the communication device 110.

[0147] It is desirable that the frequency usage notification be performed periodically until the use of the frequency is rejected by the communication control device 130. In this case, the frequency usage notification is also called a heartbeat.

[0148] After receiving the frequency usage notification, the communication control device 130 may determine whether to start or continue frequency usage (in other words, radio wave transmission at the permitted frequency). For example, one method of determination is to check frequency usage information of the primary system. Specifically, it is possible to determine whether to permit or deny the start or continuation of frequency usage (radio wave transmission at the permitted frequency) based on a change in the frequency used by the primary system, a change in the frequency usage status of a primary system whose radio wave usage is not steady (for example, a U.S. CBRS shipboard radar), and the like. If the start or continuation is permitted, the communication device 110 may start or continue frequency usage (radio wave transmission at the permitted frequency).

[0149] After receiving the frequency usage notification, the communication control device 130 may instruct the communication device 110 to reconfigure the communication parameters. Typically, the reconfiguration of the communication parameters may be instructed in the communication control device 130's response to the frequency usage notification. For example, information on recommended communication parameters (hereinafter referred to as recommended communication parameter information) may be provided. It is desirable that the communication device 110 that has been provided with the recommended communication parameter information use the recommended communication parameter information to again perform the frequency use permission procedure described in <2.4>. <2.5 Supplementary Notes on Various Procedures>

[0150] As will be explained below, the above procedures do not necessarily need to be implemented separately. For example, the two different procedures may be realized by substituting a third procedure that fulfills the roles of the two different procedures. Specifically, for example, a registration request and an available frequency information inquiry request may be notified together. Also, for example, a frequency use permission procedure and a frequency use notification may be performed together. Naturally, the present invention is not limited to these combinations, and three or more procedures may be performed together. Furthermore, as mentioned above, one procedure may be performed separately multiple times.

[0151] Furthermore, the term "acquire" or equivalent terms in this disclosure do not necessarily mean that the information is acquired according to the procedure described in this disclosure. For example, although it is described that the location information of the communication device 110 is used in the available frequency evaluation process, it does not necessarily mean that the information acquired in the registration procedure is used; if the location information is included in the available frequency inquiry procedure request, that location information may also be used. In other words, the acquisition procedure described in this disclosure is an example, and acquisition by other procedures is also permitted within the scope of this disclosure and within the scope of technical feasibility.

[0152] Furthermore, the information described as being included in the response from the communication control device 130 to the communication device 110 may be actively notified by the communication control device 130 using a push method, if possible. As a specific example, available frequency information, recommended communication parameter information, and a notification of refusal to continue radio wave transmission may be notified using a push method. <2.6 Terminal-Related Procedures>

[0153] Up to this point, the explanation has been given assuming processing mainly in the communication device 110A. However, depending on the embodiment, not only the communication device 110A but also the terminal 120 and the communication device 110B may operate under the management of the communication control device 130. That is, a scenario is assumed in which communication parameters are determined by the communication control device 130. Even in such a case, it is basically possible to use the procedures described in <2.1> to <2.4>. However, unlike the communication device 110A, the terminal 120 and the communication device 110B must use frequencies managed by the communication control device 130 for the backhaul link and cannot transmit radio waves independently. Therefore, it is desirable to start backhaul communication for the purpose of accessing the communication control device 130 only after detecting radio waves or an authorization signal transmitted by the communication device 110A (a communication device 110 capable of providing wireless communication services, or a master communication device 110 in a master-secondary configuration).

[0154] On the other hand, since the terminals and the communication device 110B are under the management of the communication control device 130, allowable communication parameters may be set for them in order to protect the primary system. However, the communication control device 130 cannot know the location information of these devices in advance. Furthermore, these devices are likely to have mobility. In other words, their location information is dynamically updated. Depending on the legal system, if the location information changes by more than a certain amount, re-registration with the communication control device 130 may be required.

[0155] Taking into consideration the various usage patterns and operational patterns of the terminals 120 and communication devices 110, the TVWS operational pattern (Non-Patent Document 7) defined by the UK Office of Communication (Ofcom) defines the following two types of communication parameters: Generic operational parameters Specific operational parameters

[0156] Generic operational parameters are communication parameters defined in Non-Patent Document 7 as "parameters that can be used by any slave WSD located within the coverage area of ​​a predetermined master WSD (corresponding to the communication device 110)." A feature of these parameters is that they are calculated by the WSDB without using location information of the slave WSDs.

[0157] The generic operational parameters may be provided by unicast or broadcast from the communication device 110 that has already been permitted to transmit radio waves by the communication control device 130. For example, a broadcast signal such as a Contact Verification Signal (CVS) defined in Part 15 Subpart H of the FCC Rules in the United States may be used. Alternatively, the generic operational parameters may be provided by a broadcast signal specific to the wireless interface. This allows the terminal 120 and the communication device 110B to handle the generic operational parameters as communication parameters to be used for radio wave transmission for the purpose of accessing the communication control device 130.

[0158] Specific operational parameters are communication parameters defined in Non-Patent Document 7 as "parameters that can be used by a specific slave WSD (White Space Device)." In other words, they are communication parameters calculated using device parameters of the slave WSD corresponding to the terminal 120. A feature of these parameters is that they are calculated by a WSDB (White Space Database) using location information of the slave WSD.

[0159] The CPE-CBSD Handshake Procedure defined in Non-Patent Document 5 can be considered another form of terminal-related procedure. CPE-CBSD does not have a wired backhaul line and accesses the Internet via BTS-CBSD. Therefore, it cannot obtain permission to transmit radio waves in the CBRS band from the SAS without special provisions and procedures. The CPE-CBSD Handshake Procedure allows the CPE-CBSD to transmit radio waves at the same maximum EIRP and minimum required duty cycle as the terminal (EUD) until it obtains permission to transmit radio waves from the SAS. Accordingly, the communication device 110B sets its transmission EIRP to the maximum EIRP of the terminal and communicates wirelessly with the communication device 110A at the minimum required duty cycle, thereby establishing a line for obtaining permission to transmit radio waves from the communication control device 130. After obtaining permission to transmit radio waves, it can use up to the maximum EIRP specified for the communication device within the permitted range. <2.7 Procedures Occurring Between Communication Control Devices> <2.7.1 Information Exchange>

[0160] The communication control device 130 can exchange management information with other communication control devices 130. It is desirable to exchange at least the following information: Information related to the communication device 110 Area information Information on systems to be protected

[0161] The information related to the communication device 110 includes at least registration information and communication parameter information of the communication device 110 that is operating under the permission of the communication control device 130. Registration information of the communication device 110 that does not have the permitted communication parameters may also be included.

[0162] The registration information of the communication device 110 typically refers to the device parameters of the communication device 110 that are registered in the communication control device 130 in the registration procedure described above. It is not necessary for all registered information to be exchanged. For example, information that may be considered personal information does not necessarily need to be exchanged. Furthermore, when exchanging the registration information of the communication device 110, the registration information may be encrypted and exchanged, or the content of the registration information may be obfuscated before being exchanged. For example, information converted into binary values ​​or information signed using a digital signature mechanism may be exchanged.

[0163] The communication parameter information of the communication device 110 typically refers to information related to the communication parameters currently being used by the communication device 110. It is desirable that the information includes at least information indicating the frequency to be used and the transmission power. Other communication parameters may also be included.

[0164] Area information typically refers to information that indicates a predetermined geographical area, and this information may include area information with various attributes in various forms.

[0165] For example, the area information may include protection area information of the communication device 110 that is a high-priority secondary system, such as the PAL Protection Area (PPA) disclosed in Non-Patent Document 1 (WINNF-TS-0112). In this case, the area information may be expressed, for example, as a set of three or more coordinates indicating a geographical location. Furthermore, for example, if multiple communication control devices 130 can reference a common external database, the area information may be expressed by a unique ID, and the actual geographical area may be referenced from the external database using that ID.

[0166] Furthermore, for example, information indicating the coverage of the communication device 110 may also be included. In this case, the area information may also be expressed, for example, as a set of three or more coordinates indicating a geographical position. Furthermore, for example, assuming that the coverage is a circle centered on the geographical position of the communication device 110, the area information may also be expressed as information indicating the size of the radius. Furthermore, for example, if multiple communication control devices 130 can reference a common external database that records area information, the information indicating the coverage may be represented by a unique ID, and the actual coverage may be referenced from the external database using the ID.

[0167] In another aspect, information related to area divisions predetermined by the government or the like may also be included. Specifically, for example, a certain area can be indicated by indicating an address. For example, license areas and the like can also be expressed in a similar manner.

[0168] In yet another aspect, the area information does not necessarily need to represent a planar area, but may represent a three-dimensional space. For example, it may be represented using a spatial coordinate system. Furthermore, information indicating a predetermined closed space, such as the number of floors in a building, floor number, or room number, may be used.

[0169] The protected system information is information about a wireless system that is treated as a protected target, such as the incumbent tier described above. For example, situations requiring cross-border coordination are examples of situations in which this information needs to be exchanged. It is quite conceivable that different protected targets exist in the same band between neighboring countries or regions. In such cases, the protected system information can be exchanged between communication control devices 130 belonging to different countries or regions as needed.

[0170] In another aspect, the protected system information may include information about the secondary licensee and information about the radio system operated by the secondary licensee. A secondary licensee is specifically a license lessee. For example, it is assumed that the secondary licensee rents a PAL from the licensee and operates the radio system that the secondary licensee owns. When the communication control device 130 independently manages rentals, it may exchange information about the secondary licensee and information about the radio system operated by the secondary licensee with other communication control devices for the purpose of protection.

[0171] This information can be exchanged between the communication control devices 130 regardless of the decision-making topology applied to the communication control devices 130 .

[0172] This information can be exchanged using various methods, some of which are shown below: ID specification method Period specification method Area specification method Dump method

[0173] The ID designation method is a method of acquiring information corresponding to an ID that is assigned in advance to identify information managed by the communication control device 130. For example, assume that a communication device 110 with ID: AAA is managed by the first communication control device 130. In this case, the second communication control device 130 issues an information acquisition request to the first communication control device 130, specifying ID: AAA. After receiving the request, the first communication control device 130 searches for information on ID: AAA and notifies information on the communication device 110 with ID: AAA, such as registration information and communication parameter information, in a response.

[0174] The period specification method is a method in which information that satisfies predetermined conditions can be exchanged during a specified period.

[0175] The predetermined condition may be, for example, whether or not information has been updated. For example, if the request specifies acquisition of information related to the communication device 110 during a specific period, the response may include registration information of the communication device 110 that was newly registered during the specific period. Furthermore, the response may also include registration information or communication parameter information of the communication device 110 whose communication parameters have been changed during the specific period.

[0176] An example of the predetermined condition is whether or not the information has been recorded by the communication control device 130. For example, if a request specifies acquisition of information related to the communication device 110 during a specific period, the response may include notification of registration information or communication parameter information recorded by the communication control device 130 during that period. If the information has been updated during that period, notification of the latest information for that period may be provided. Alternatively, notification of an update history for each piece of information may be provided.

[0177] In the area designation method, a specific area is designated, and information on the communication devices 110 belonging to that area is exchanged. For example, when a request designates acquisition of information on the communication devices 110 in a specific area, registration information or communication parameter information on the communication devices 110 installed in that area may be notified in a response.

[0178] The dump method is a method of providing all information recorded by the communication control device 130. It is desirable that at least the information related to the communication device 110 and the area information be provided by the dump method.

[0179] The explanation of information exchange between communication control devices 130 up to this point has all been based on the pull method. That is, the response is information corresponding to parameters specified in a request, and this can be realized, for example, by the HTTP GET method. However, it is not limited to the pull method, and information can also be actively provided to other communication control devices 130 by the push method. The push method can be realized, for example, by the HTTP POST method. <2.7.2 Command / Request Procedure>

[0180] The communication control devices 130 may issue commands or requests to each other. Specifically, one example is reconfiguration of communication parameters of the communication devices 110. For example, when it is determined that a first communication device 110 managed by a first communication control device 130 is receiving significant interference from a second communication device 110 managed by a second communication control device 130, the first communication control device 130 may request the second communication control device 130 to change the communication parameters of the second communication device 110.

[0181] Another example is reconfiguration of area information. For example, if there is an error in the calculation of coverage information or protection area information related to the second communication device 110 managed by the second communication control device 130, the first communication control device 130 may request the second communication control device 130 to reconfigure the area information. In addition to this, a request for reconfiguration of area information may be made for various other reasons. <2.8 Information Transmission Means>

[0182] The notification (signaling) between the entities described above can be realized via various media. The following description will be given using E-UTRA or 5G NR as an example. Naturally, implementation is not limited to these. <2.8.2 Signaling between the communication control device 130 and the communication device 110>

[0183] The notification from the communication device 110 to the communication control device 130 may be performed, for example, at the application layer. For example, it may be performed using HTTP (Hyper Text Transfer Protocol). Signaling can be performed by describing required parameters in the HTTP message body according to a predetermined format. Furthermore, when HTTP is used, the notification from the communication control device 130 to the communication device 110 is also performed according to the HTTP response mechanism. <2.8.3 Signaling between the communication device 110 and the terminal 120>

[0184] The notification from the communication device 110 to the terminal 120 may be performed using, for example, at least one of Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling, System Information (SI), and Downlink Control Information (DCI). Also, examples of downlink physical channels include a Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH), a Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH), a Physical Broadcast Channel (PBCH), an NR-PDCCH, an NR-PDSCH, and an NR-PBCH, and the notification may be performed using at least one of these.

[0185] The notification from the terminal 120 to the communication device 110 may be performed using, for example, Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling or uplink control information (UCI), or may be performed using uplink physical channels (PUCCH: Physical Uplink Control Channel, PUSCH: Physical Uplink Shared Channel, PRACH: Physical Random Access Channel).

[0186] Signaling is not limited to the physical layer signaling described above, and may be performed at a higher layer. For example, when performed at the application layer, signaling may be performed by describing required parameters in the HTTP message body according to a predetermined format. <2.8.4 Signaling between terminals 120>

[0187] FIG. 6 shows an example of a signaling flow assuming that communication between terminals 120 is device-to-device (D2D) or vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication between the secondary system. D2D or V2X communication between terminals 120 may be performed using a physical sidelink channel (PSCCH: Physical Sidelink Control Channel, PSSCH: Physical Sidelink Shared Channel, PSBCH: Physical Sidelink Broadcast Channel). The communication control device 130 calculates communication parameters to be used by the secondary system (T101) and notifies the communication device 110 of the secondary system (T102). The communication control device 130 may determine and notify values ​​of the communication parameters, or may determine and notify conditions indicating ranges of the communication parameters. The communication device 110 acquires communication parameters to be used by the secondary system (T103) and sets communication parameters to be used by the communication device 110 itself (T104). The communication device 110 then notifies the terminal 120 of the communication parameters to be used by the terminal 120 subordinate to the communication device 110 (T105). Each terminal 120 under the control of the communication device 110 acquires (T106) and sets (T107) the communication parameters to be used by the terminal 120, and then communicates with other terminals 120 in the secondary system (T108).

[0188] When a frequency channel subject to frequency sharing is used in a sidelink (direct communication between terminals 120), communication parameters may be notified, acquired, or configured in association with a sidelink resource pool within the frequency channel. The resource pool is radio resources for the sidelink configured using specific frequency resources or time resources. Examples of frequency resources include resource blocks and component carriers. Examples of time resources include radio frames, subframes, slots, and mini-slots. When a resource pool is configured within a frequency channel subject to frequency sharing, the communication device 110 configures the resource pool in the terminal 120 based on at least one of RRC signaling, system information, and downlink control information. The communication device 110 also configures the resource pool and communication parameters to be applied in the sidelink in the terminal 120 based on at least one of RRC signaling, system information, and downlink control information transmitted from the communication device 110 to the terminal 120. The notification of the resource pool configuration and the notification of the communication parameters to be used in the side link may be simultaneous or separate.

[0189] 7 is a diagram illustrating the overall configuration of a communication system according to the present disclosure. The system includes a plurality of communication devices 110, an intermediate device 140, a frequency management device 130, and an information storage device 150. The communication devices 110 or the intermediate device 140 are one form of an information device according to the present disclosure, and the frequency management device 130 is one form of an information processing device according to the present disclosure, and is also referred to as a frequency control device.

[0190] A communication device 110 is an entity equivalent to a base station or an access point. The communication device 110 forms wireless coverage and communicates wirelessly with subordinate terminal devices (see terminal device 120 in FIG. 1 ). The communication device 110 also communicates wirelessly or wired with other communication devices 110. The communication device 110 also communicates wired or wirelessly with a frequency management device 130. An intermediate device 140 is interposed between some of the communication devices 110 and the frequency management device 130.

[0191] The intermediate device 140 is a device that performs necessary access to the frequency management device 130 on behalf of one or more communication devices 110, and is also called a proxy. In the example shown in the figure, the two communication devices 110 on the right access the frequency management device 130 via the intermediate device 140. The communication device 110 on the left accesses the frequency management device 130 directly without going through the intermediate device 140. The communication device 110 described below may be either a communication device that accesses via the intermediate device 140 or a communication device that accesses without going through the intermediate device 140.

[0192] The frequency management device 130 is an information processing device or communication control device that manages frequency bands, and performs various processes for the communication devices 110, such as frequency allocation and determination of the maximum allowable transmission power. The frequency management device 130 is connected to the information storage device 150 by wire or wirelessly. The frequency management device 130 is connected to the intermediate device 140 by wire or wirelessly. The frequency management device 130 is connected to the leftmost communication device 110 by wire or wirelessly. The frequency management device 130 is connected to two communication devices 110 via the intermediate device 140.

[0193] The information storage device 150 is an external device that stores information required for the frequency management device 130 to perform various processes, such as allocating secondarily usable frequencies to the communication device 110. The information storage device 150 stores environmental data related to the geographical environment of communication of the communication device 110, such as building data related to buildings installed in the geographical environment, as information particularly related to the processes of the present disclosure. In addition, the information storage device 150 may store information such as radio equipment information and license information of existing licensees. However, this information such as radio equipment information of existing licensees may be stored in an external device separate from the information storage device 150. In this case, the frequency management device 130 may separately access the other external device to acquire this information.

[0194] The frequency management device 130 performs registration processing for the communication device 110 in the registration procedure and acquires the communication device 110's location information, location uncertainty information, identification information (ID), specification information, etc. Furthermore, the frequency management device 130 receives a frequency usage request from the communication device 110 in the frequency usage inquiry procedure, requesting allocation of a secondarily usable frequency (here, a frequency channel), and determines the allocation of a secondarily usable frequency channel and the maximum allowable transmission power for that frequency channel based on the communication device's location information and location uncertainty information. The frequency management device 130 provides the communication device 110 with frequency channel allocation result information. Furthermore, the frequency management device 130 receives a frequency channel usage permission request from the communication device 110 in the frequency usage permission procedure and performs processing such as permission to emit radio waves at that frequency channel and the maximum allowable transmission power. While this disclosure assumes a case in which a frequency channel is assigned to the communication device 110 as a frequency, other allocation methods are also possible, such as assigning a frequency based on a frequency range specified by upper and lower limit frequencies.

[0195] [General Method for Calculating Available Frequencies and Maximum Allowable Transmission Power] The frequency management device 130 generally calculates and determines the available frequencies and maximum allowable transmission power of the communication device 110 based on single-station interference or cumulative interference to the protected entity. Single-station interference refers to radio wave interference caused by a single communication device (base station), while cumulative interference refers to the accumulation of radio wave interference caused by multiple communication devices (base stations). For simplicity, the following explanation assumes the case of single-station interference, but the processing can be expanded to the case of cumulative interference in the same way as for single-station interference. The protected entity is a system to be protected from interference from the communication device 110, and corresponds to, for example, a fixed service receiver, a primary system, or an incumbent.

[0196] When based on the single station interference criterion, the indicator of the frequency channel in use by the protected entity is n ch, Rx , the indicator of the frequency channel of the transmitter (communication device) n ch, Tx is the maximum allowable transmission power (EIRP) of the transmitter, P MaxAcceptEIRP (n ch, Tx ) [dBm] can be calculated as follows, where n ch, Tx and n ch, Rx This is based on the assumption that the frequency ranges indicated by are the same.

[0197] In addition, by applying equation (3) and setting the following inequality, the transmitter (communication device) can transmit the signal on frequency channel n ch, Tx The transmission power P EIRP (n ch, Tx ) [dBm] (i.e., whether the frequency channel can be shared between the communication device and the protected entity without exceeding the tolerable interference power of the protected entity).

[0198] Although equation (4) is expressed in terms of EIRP per frequency channel (i.e., dBm / channel), it may also be expressed based on power spectral density (PSD) per unit frequency width. That is, if the unit frequency width is 1 MHz, it becomes as shown in equation (5) below.

[0199] Naturally, not only the same frequency channel but also adjacent frequency channels may cause interference to the protected entity. Taking this into consideration, when determining the availability of adjacent frequencies for the protected entity, one or more of the adjacent channel interference ratio (ACIR), out-of-channel emission (OOCE), adjacent channel leakage ratio (ACLR), and adjacent channel selectivity (ACS) may be combined and used in the decision inequality (4) or (5) or the maximum allowable transmit power determination formula (3) to determine the availability of adjacent frequency channels.

[0200]

[0201]

[0202] 8A shows an example of an uncertainty area 11 identified by the location information and location certainty of the communication device 110, and a fixed service receiver 12, which is a protected entity. The communication device 110 may move within the range indicated by the location uncertainty, based on a position corresponding to the location information within the uncertainty area. This area of ​​possible movement corresponds to the uncertainty area. The communication device 110 may transmit information about the location information and the uncertainty area during the registration process, or, if either the location information or the uncertainty area is changed, may transmit the changed information at the time of the change. Alternatively, instead of notifying the frequency management device 130 of the uncertainty area of ​​the communication device 110, the frequency management device 130 may determine the uncertainty area of ​​the communication device 110 in a predetermined form.

[0203] Typically, the frequency management device 130 can determine the frequency channels and maximum allowable transmission power that can be commonly used throughout the uncertainty region 11 by gridding the uncertainty region 11 and performing the above calculations (see equations (3) to (7)) using each grid point as a virtual position of a transmitter (communication device).

[0204] 8B shows an example in which the uncertainty region 11 is gridded. For the sake of explanation, Fig. 8B shows an example in which calculations are performed using three grid points in the uncertainty region 11. In practice, by performing the calculations for all grid points, it is possible to determine a frequency channel and maximum allowable transmission power that can be commonly used throughout the entire region.

[0205] Furthermore, the frequency management device 130 may, for example, determine whether an arbitrary transmission power P EIRP (n ch, Tx ) [dBm], an exclusion zone indicating an area where transmission is not possible can be determined. First, when a fixed service receiver 12 is installed in a certain location, the geographical area is gridded according to a predetermined standard, and the p Tx (can be treated as P) EIRP (n ch,Tx ) [dBm] is evaluated using the inequalities (see equations (3) to (5), etc.).

[0206] Figure 9 shows the P EIRP (n ch, Tx 9 shows an example of a group of points identified as being unable to transmit at a power level of 100 Hz [dBm]. Each point in Figure 9 is an identified point. In this case, the boundary of the area of ​​the group of points can be set as the exclusion zone boundary, and the area inside can be set as the exclusion zone.

[0207] Fig. 10 shows an example of the exclusion zones calculated from the point cloud in Fig. 9. The shaded areas in Fig. 10 are the exclusion zones 21A, 21B, 21C, and 21D. If the position of the transmitter (communication device) is outside the exclusion zones 21A to 21D, EIRP (n ch, Tx ) [dBm]. In other words, if the transmitter (communication device) is located within the exclusion zones 21A to 21D, the transmitter can transmit P EIRP (n ch, Tx ) [dBm] means that transmission is not possible.

[0208] Also, multiple stages of P EIRP (n ch, Tx ) [dBm] (for example, 36 dBm, 30 dBm, 24 dBm, etc., with any step size).

[0209] [Problem of the present disclosure] Here, L Path (p Tx , p Rx ) [dB] When calculating the transmitter position p Tx and the location p of the protected entity Rx If the distance between the two is greater than 30 m and equal to or less than 1 km, the AFC system (corresponding to the frequency management device 130 in the present disclosure) performs calculations using the WINNER II model.

[0210] FIG. 11 shows the target area for applying the WINNER II model, where the transmitter position p Tx and the location p of the protected entity Rx 10 shows an example of an area 23 (hatched area) where the distance between the two points is greater than 30 m and less than 1 km.

[0211] According to FCC regulations, when building data is not available, the path loss must be calculated based on the WINNER II model, as shown in Equation (8) below.

[0212] Path-loss (L) = Σ i P(i) * L i = P LOS *L LOS + P NLOS *L NLOS , (8) (from 47 CFR 15.407(l)(1)(ii)) P LOS : Probability of LOS (= 1 - P NLOS ) P NLOS : Probability of NLOS (= 1 - P LOS ) L LOS : LOS propagation loss L NLOS : NLOS path loss

[0213] In region 23 of FIG. 11, the WINNER II model is used when (1) determining the maximum allowable transmit power in a given frequency channel or (2) performing exclusion zone determination calculations.

[0214] If the AFC System has building data for the entire area 23 (including data indicating that no buildings exist within the area 23), the building data can be used to make LOS / NLOS judgments in the WINNER II model calculations. Detailed path loss calculations for cases where building data is unavailable and when building data is available are specified as follows in R2-AIP-34-b of WINNF-TS-1014: Equation (9) is an example of an equation based on Equation (8).

[0215] (When building data is not available)

[0216] (If building data is available) The upper equation of Equation (10) is applied when the LOS / NLOS determination result is "NLOS," and the lower equation is applied when the LOS / NLOS determination result is "LOS." The lower equation may be referred to as an LOS model, and the upper equation may be referred to as an NLOS model. Meanwhile, Equation (8) or Equation (9) may be referred to as a probability model.

[0217] However, it is not always possible to guarantee "consistency" of building data throughout the entire area 23. The following cases can be considered as examples of inconsistency: - Building data for part of area 23 is not held. - The version of building data in one part of area 23 is significantly different from that in another part of area 23 (different years of publication or creation, etc.). - The LOD (Level of Detail), i.e., the degree of detail, of building data is different between one part of area 23 and another part of area 23.

[0218] The present disclosure effectively utilizes building data to appropriately calculate propagation loss even in a situation where the consistency of building data is not guaranteed in a second region where environmental data (here, building data) of the geographic environment of communication of the communication device 110 is stored. This allows for appropriate estimation of the amount of radio interference to the protected system, thereby achieving both protection of the protected entity and improved frequency utilization efficiency. Note that the building data is an example of environmental data or site-specific data related to the geographic environment of communication of the communication device 110. Data other than building data, such as topographical data, may also be used as long as it represents the geographic environment that affects propagation loss. The building data described below may also be referred to as environmental data or site-specific data. The building data includes, for example, the positions and heights of various existing buildings and may further include information on the building materials (e.g., wall material, whether wood or reinforced concrete, etc.).

[0219] FIG. 12 is a block diagram of a frequency management device 130 equipped with an information processing device according to the present disclosure, and a communication device 110 as an information device according to the present disclosure. An intermediate device 140 as an information device according to the present disclosure can be realized with a similar configuration by adding a relay function to the communication device 110. Note that while only one communication device is shown in the figure, the other communication devices 110 also have a similar configuration. Similarly, while one frequency management device 130 is shown in FIG. 1, multiple frequency management devices may be provided. The frequency management device 130 equipped with an information processing device according to the present disclosure and the information storage device 150 can also be used as an AFC system. In this case, the communication device 110 corresponds to an SPD.

[0220] The frequency management device 130 includes a receiving unit 131, a processing unit 132, a control unit 133, a transmitting unit 134, and a storage unit 135. The transmitting unit 134 and the receiving unit 131 each include at least one antenna. The transmitting unit 134 transmits signals to the communication device 110, the information storage device 150, and the intermediate device 140, either wirelessly or via a wired connection. The receiving unit 131 receives signals from the communication device 110, the information storage device 150, and the intermediate device 140, either wirelessly or via a wired connection. The control unit 133 controls each element within the frequency management device 130, thereby controlling the entire frequency management device 130.

[0221] The memory unit 135 of the frequency management device 130 pre-stores various information necessary for communication with the communication device 110, the information storage device 150, and the intermediate device 140. As an example, the memory unit 135 stores information about the registered communication device 110, such as the ID of the communication device 110, location information, uncertainty region information, maximum transmission power information (EIRP capability value, maximum conducted power, etc.), beam pattern information (beam mobility range information), and antenna transmission power (conducted power) information. Information about grants granted to the communication device 110 (e.g., permitted beam patterns, frequencies (channels), and transmission power values) may also be stored in the memory unit 135. The information stored in the memory unit 135 is, for example, information acquired from the communication device 110 during a registration procedure, a frequency usage inquiry procedure, a frequency usage permission procedure, or the like.

[0222] The processing unit 132 performs various processes according to this embodiment. For example, the processing unit 132 performs processes related to a registration procedure, a frequency use inquiry procedure, and a frequency use permission procedure between the processing unit 132 and the communication device 110.

[0223] The processing unit 132 receives a frequency usage request from the communication device 110 (or the intermediate device 140) during a frequency usage inquiry procedure. At this time, location information and uncertainty region information may also be received. The processing unit 132 calculates the propagation loss along the propagation path from the communication device 110 to the protected entity, and further calculates the amount of radio interference (also simply referred to as interference amount) to be caused to the protected entity. If the amount of interference is equal to or less than a threshold (acceptable interference power threshold), the processing unit 132 permits use of the frequency and determines the transmission power at that time to be the maximum allowable transmission power. At this time, the processing unit 132 may also determine a beam pattern to be used by the communication device 110. When calculating the propagation loss and the amount of interference, the processing unit 132 determines the inclusion relationship between the first region and the second region based on first region information indicating the range of a first region associated with the protected entity and second region information indicating the range of a second region in which environmental data related to the geographic environment in which the communication device 110 communicates is present. The processing unit 132 determines how to use the environmental data based on the determination result of the inclusion relationship, and calculates the propagation loss from the first reference point where the communication device 110 is installed to the protected entity within the first area by using the environmental data in the determined usage method, and further estimates the amount of interference. Details of the processing by the processing unit 132 will be described later as specific examples 1 to 4.7.

[0224] The communication device 110 includes a receiving unit 111, a processing unit 112, a control unit 113, a transmitting unit 114, and a storage unit 115. The transmitting unit 114 and the receiving unit 111 each include at least one antenna. The transmitting unit 114 transmits signals to the frequency management device 130, the intermediate device 140, and other communication devices 110, wirelessly or via a wired connection. The receiving unit 111 receives signals from the frequency management device 130, the intermediate device 140, and other communication devices 110, wirelessly or via a wired connection. The control unit 113 controls each element within the communication device 110, thereby controlling the entire communication device 110. For example, the control unit 113 may control beamforming in the transmitting unit 114 based on a beam pattern to be used.

[0225] The storage unit 115 of the communication device 110 stores in advance various types of information necessary for communication with the frequency management device 130, the intermediate device 140, or other communication devices 110. The storage unit 115 also stores information related to various performance and specifications of the communication device 110. For example, the storage unit 115 stores the ID of the communication device 110, location information, uncertainty region information, maximum transmission power information (EIRP capability value, maximum conducted power, etc.), information about the beam pattern, information about the antenna transmission power (conducted power), and the like.

[0226] The processing unit 112 performs various processes according to this embodiment. For example, the processing unit 112 performs processes related to the various procedures described above, such as a registration procedure, a frequency use inquiry procedure, or a frequency use permission procedure, with the frequency management device 130 directly or via the intermediate device 140.

[0227] In the frequency usage inquiry procedure, the processing unit 112 transmits a frequency usage request to the frequency management device 130. At this time, the processing unit 112 may transmit location information and uncertainty region information of the communication device 110. The frequency management device 130 determines whether the frequency can be used, and if so, the available frequencies and maximum allowable transmission power, based on first region information indicating the range of a first region related to the protected entity and second region information indicating the range of a second region in which environmental data indicating the geographic environment of the communication of the communication device 110 exists, and the processing unit 112 acquires or receives decision information on whether the frequency can be used. The decision information on whether the frequency can be used includes the available frequencies and maximum allowable transmission power if it is available. It may also include information on available beam patterns.

[0228] The frequency management device 130, the communication device 110, the information storage device 150, and the intermediate device 140 are configured by hardware circuits, software (programs, etc.), or both. The storage unit 135 and the storage unit 115 are configured by any storage device such as a memory device, a magnetic storage device, or an optical disk. The storage unit 135 and the storage unit 115 may not be internal to the frequency management device 130 and the communication device 110, but may be externally connected to the frequency management device 130 and the communication device 110 by wire or wirelessly. The transmission unit 134 and the reception unit 131 in the frequency management device 130, and the transmission unit 114 and the reception unit 111 in the communication device 110, may include one or more network interfaces depending on the number or type of networks that can be connected.

[0229] In the following description, even when simply referring to a transmitter and a receiver, unless otherwise specified, this also includes cases where the transmitter antenna and the receiver antenna are indicated, respectively.

[0230] [Specific Example 1] When the second region indicated by the second region information (the region where building data is stored in the information storage device 150, i.e., the region where the building data exists) is completely separated from the first region indicated by the first region information (the region to which the building data applies), i.e., when the first region and the second region do not overlap at least partially, the frequency management device (information processing device) 130 estimates the amount of interference suffered by the protected entity without using the stored building data. That is, the amount of interference is estimated by calculating the propagation loss according to equations (8) and (9) (according to the probabilistic model).

[0231] FIG. 13 shows an example of a first region 23 (region to which building data applies) indicated by the first region information and a second region 24 (region in which building data is stored) indicated by the second region information. Region 23A inside the first region 23 includes a fixed service receiver 12, which is a protected entity. Region 23A is a separate region from the first region 23 and is not a region to which building data applies. The first region 23 and the second region 24 are completely separate and do not overlap even partially. In this case, building data for the first region 23 is not stored in the information storage device 150, so the building data cannot be applied when calculating the path loss to the protected entity. In this case, a probabilistic model (see equations (8) and (9)) is used at all reference points within the first region 23 to calculate the path loss to the protected entity.

[0232] [Specific Example 2] When the second area indicated by the second area information (the area where building data is stored in the information storage device 150, i.e., the area where the building data exists) completely encompasses the first area indicated by the first area information (the area to which the building data applies), the frequency management device (information processing device) 130 applies the stored building data to estimate the amount of interference suffered by the protected entity.

[0233] 14 shows an example of a first region 23 (region to which building data is applied) indicated by the first region information and a second region 25 (region in which building data is stored) indicated by the second region information. The first region 23 includes the fixed service receiver 12, which is the entity to be protected. The second region 25 completely encompasses the first region 23. In this case, LOS / NLOS determination is performed for each reference point within the region 23 using the stored building data. Depending on the determination result, the path loss to the protected entity is calculated using equation (10).

[0234] [Specific Example 3] If the second area indicated by the second area information (the area where building data is stored in the information storage device 150, i.e., the area where the building data exists) includes only a part of the first area indicated by the first area information (the area to which the building data applies), the amount of interference suffered by the protected entity is estimated without applying the stored building data. (Note: Specific Example 3 and Specific Example 4, which will be described later, are not applied simultaneously to a single protected entity. Specific Examples 3 and 4 may be used between multiple protected entities.)

[0235] FIG. 15 shows an example of a first region 23 (region to which building data is applicable) indicated by the first region information and a second region 26 (region where building data is stored in the information storage device 150, i.e., region where building data exists) indicated by the second region information. The second region 26 encompasses only a portion of the first region 23. The first region 23 includes a region 23A where building data is stored and a region 23B where building data is not stored. The first region 23 overlaps with the region 26 only in region 23A. As such, there are regions within the first region 23 where building data is stored and regions where it is not stored, resulting in inconsistency in the building data. For this reason, the frequency management device (information processing device) 130 uses a probabilistic model (see Equations (8) and (9)) for the entire first region 23 from the beginning. In other words, the probabilistic model (see Equations (8) and (9)) is used to calculate the path loss to the protected entity at all reference points within the first region 23. In this way, even if there are areas within the first area 23 that partially contain building data, the probabilistic model is uniformly applied to the entire first area 23. Specific Example 3 can be implemented more easily than Specific Example 4, which will be described next.

[0236] [Specific Example 4] In this specific example 4, as in specific example 3, the second area indicated by the second area information (the area where building data is stored in the information storage device 150, i.e., the area where building data exists) encompasses only a portion of the first area indicated by the first area information (the area to which the building data applies) (see FIG. 15 ). In specific example 3, the probabilistic model (see equations (8) and (9)) was used for the entire first area 23. However, in specific example 4, a containment relationship is calculated between the area corresponding to the radio wave propagation path between a first interference estimation reference point (corresponding to the location of a virtual transmitter, more specifically, the location of a virtual transmitting antenna) set within the first area (the area to which the building data applies) and one or more second interference estimation reference points (corresponding to the location of a receiver, more specifically, the location of a receiving antenna) related to the protected entity, and the second area indicated by the second area information. Based on the containment relationship, the building data is used in a manner appropriate to calculate the propagation loss and estimate the amount of radio wave interference.

[0237] FIG. 16 shows an example of radio wave propagation paths between the fixed service receiver 12, which is a protected entity, and first interference estimation reference points (reference points) 31 and 32. The location of the fixed service receiver 12, more specifically, the location of the receiving antenna equipped on the fixed service receiver 12, may be referred to as the second interference estimation reference point. The first interference estimation reference points 31 and 32 are indicated as Evaluation Point #1 and Evaluation Point #2 in FIG. 16. The radio wave propagation paths between the first interference estimation reference points 31 and 32 and the fixed service receiver 12 are indicated as Interference Path #1 and Interference Path #2. If building data exists in the area corresponding to the entire propagation path from the first interference estimation reference point to the fixed service receiver 12, processing similar to that in Example 2 may be performed. If no building data exists in the area corresponding to the entire propagation path from the first interference estimation reference point to the fixed service receiver 12 (if the area corresponding to the entire propagation path does not overlap at all with the second area), processing similar to that in Example 1 may be performed. Below, a specific example of processing is shown, assuming that building data for an area corresponding to part of the propagation path to the fixed service receiver 12 is held, but building data for an area corresponding to the remaining part of the propagation path is not held.

[0238] (Specific Example 4.1) Assume that building data is available for an area corresponding to a portion of the propagation path from the first interference estimation reference point to the fixed service receiver 12, but not for an area corresponding to the remaining portion of the propagation path. In this situation, if the propagation path is determined to be NLOS based on the building data for the area corresponding to that portion of the propagation path, the entire propagation path is considered to be NLOS and the propagation loss (path loss) is calculated (the upper equation (NLOS model) of equation (10)). Note that even if building data corresponding to the remaining portion of the propagation path is available, if the propagation path is determined to be NLOS based on the building data for that portion of the corresponding area, the entire propagation path may be considered to be NLOS and the path loss may be calculated.

[0239] 17 shows an example in which, among the regions corresponding to the propagation path (Evaluation Point #1) from the first interference estimation reference point 31 to the fixed service receiver 12, building data is held for region 33 close to the first interference estimation reference point 31, and building data is not held for region 34 farther away than region 33. It is assumed that it has been determined from the building data that a building (an obstacle to radio waves) is present in region 33. In this case, the propagation loss L between the first interference estimation reference point (Evaluation Point #1) and the fixed service receiver 12 is Path (p Tx , p Rx ) [dB] is calculated as shown in the following equation (11) using the NLOS model in the upper equation of equation (10).

[0240] (Specific Example 4.2) Assume that building data is available for an area corresponding to a portion of the propagation path from the first interference estimation reference point to the fixed service receiver 12, but not for an area corresponding to the remaining portion of the propagation path. If it is determined that the propagation path is LOS based on the building data for the area corresponding to that portion of the propagation path (e.g., there are no buildings obstructing the propagation path), the LOS path loss is applied to calculate the path loss for that portion (the lower equation of equation (10) (LOS model)), and the path loss for the remaining portion for which no building data exists is calculated based on a method using a probabilistic model, i.e., a method that does not use building data (see equations (8) and (9)). This will be explained in detail below using Figures 18 and 19.

[0241] 18 shows an example in which building data is available for area 35 in the center of the area corresponding to the propagation path (Evaluation Point #2) from the first interference estimation reference point 32 to the fixed service receiver 12, but no building data is available for areas 36A and 36B on either side of area 35. Assume here that it is determined from the building data that no building exists in area 35 (the propagation path is LOS). In such a case, the propagation path is broken down as shown in FIG. 19, and the propagation loss is calculated.

[0242] Fig. 19 is a diagram showing the situation in Fig. 18 from a direction parallel to the ground. The point where the boundary between area 36A and area 35 and the propagation path intersects is called break point 37A, and the point where the boundary between area 36B and area 35 and the propagation path intersects is called break point 37B. The heights from the ground at break points 37A and 37B can be calculated based on the position (here, two-dimensional position) and height of the transmitter at first interference estimation reference point 32, the position (here, two-dimensional position) and height of fixed service receiver 12, the transmitter-receiver distance, and the positions (here, two-dimensional position) of break points 37A and 37B. The propagation losses corresponding to areas 36A, 35, and 36B, respectively, are calculated as follows: Then, the propagation loss of the entire propagation path is expressed by the following equation (12).

[0243] L Path#1 [dB] and LPath#2 [dB] is calculated using the probability model (Equation (8) and Equation (9)) because building data is not available. Path,LOS [dB] is calculated using the LOS path loss (the lower equation of Equation (10)). The calculated breakpoint position and height may be used in the path loss calculation of Equation (12).

[0244] (Specific Example 4.3) Assume that building data is available for an area corresponding to a portion of the propagation path from the first interference estimation reference point to the fixed service receiver 12, but not for an area corresponding to the remaining portion of the propagation path. If the propagation path is determined to be LOS based on the building data for the area corresponding to that portion of the propagation path (for example, there are no buildings obstructing the propagation path), the path loss is calculated for the entire transmission path using a method that does not use building data (see equations (8) and (9)), i.e., a method that uses a probabilistic model. The situation in specific example 4.3, like specific example 4.2, is shown in Figure 18 or 19, but the path loss is calculated using a different calculation method from that in specific example 4.2.

[0245] While the aforementioned Specific Example 4.2 is advantageous in terms of protecting the protected entity from interference, this Specific Example 4.3 has the effect of increasing the possibility of secondary use of the frequency. In other words, in the aforementioned Specific Example 4.2, the path loss (LOS path loss) for the area 35 containing building data is calculated using the formula below in Equation (10). However, in this Specific Example 4.3, a probabilistic model, i.e., a method that does not use building data (see Equations (8) and (9)), is used for the area 35, so the path loss is calculated to be larger than in the aforementioned Specific Example 4.2. Therefore, the amount of interference to the protected entity is calculated to be smaller, which increases the possibility that permission to use the frequency will be granted. Furthermore, even if permission is granted, a higher maximum allowable transmit power is calculated.

[0246] (Specific example 4.4) When building data exists in an area corresponding to a part of the radio wave propagation path and the propagation path is determined to be LOS within the range of that area, the overall propagation loss is calculated based on the proportion of the area occupied by the area where the building data exists to the range of the area corresponding to the entire propagation path. Specific examples of this processing are shown below as (4.4.1) and (4.4.2).

[0247] (Specific Example 4.4.1) The process of specific example 4.2 (combining the calculation of LOS path loss with the calculation of path loss using a probabilistic model) and the process of specific example 4.3 (using a probabilistic model for the entire propagation path, i.e., not using building data) are used interchangeably.

[0248] As a first example of how to use the two methods, if the proportion of the range in which building data exists within the range of the area corresponding to the entire propagation path is equal to or greater than a reference value, the processing of specific example 4.2 is used, and if it is less than the reference value, the processing of specific example 4.3 is used.

[0249] As a second example of how to differentiate between them, if the ratio is equal to or greater than the reference value, the process of specific example 4.3 (using a probabilistic model for the entire propagation path) is used, and if it is less than the reference value, the LOS path loss is calculated for the entire propagation path (using an LOS model). Alternatively, if it is less than the reference value, the process of specific example 4.2 may be used.

[0250] (Specific example 4.4.2) Basically, a probabilistic model is used, but the LOS probability is changed according to the proportion of the range of the area between the transmitter and the protection entity (fixed service receiver) where the building data exists. For example, when the proportion is high, the LOS probability P LOS When the LOS probability P LOS It is assumed that the propagation path is determined to be LOS within the range of the area where the building data exists. The ratio of the range of the area where the building data exists is expressed as the probability P LOS Then, the LOS probability P LOS "1-Probability P LOS " can also be used.

[0251] (Specific Example 4.5) If there are multiple areas with different building data versions (creation years in this example) within an area corresponding to a propagation path (an area to which the transmission path belongs or an area that includes the transmission path), it is assumed that there is no building data with a creation year that meets the condition (treated as not possessed), and then the propagation loss calculation shown in Specific Examples 4.1 to 4.4 is performed. The creation year is an example of creation time, and whether the condition is met may be determined on a monthly or daily basis rather than on a yearly basis. Note that the calculation of propagation loss in Specific Examples 1 to 3 may also be performed using a process similar to that of Specific Example 4.5. The area corresponding to the propagation path may be identified by determining the beam's occupancy range from, for example, the transmitter position, the receiver position, the beam direction, the beam width, etc. Alternatively, as a simple method, the area corresponding to the propagation path may be determined based on the range based on the line segment connecting the transmitter and receiver. The area corresponding to the propagation path may be determined in either two or three dimensions. Details of Specific Example 4.5 are described further below.

[0252] (Specific example 4.5.1) When there are multiple regions with different versions (creation years) of building data, the newest building data is used as the standard, and any building data older than that or older than the threshold time is considered not to exist (treated as not possessed), and path loss is calculated accordingly. The threshold time may be in years, months, days, or hours and minutes.

[0253] (Specific Example 4.5.2) If an area with an urban or suburban area category exists within the area covered by the propagation path, and the building data for that area is relatively old (the data is older than the current time by a threshold time or more), the building data is considered to not exist (treated as not possessed), and the calculations in Examples 4.1 to 4.4 are performed. This is because, if the area is urban or suburban, it is considered highly likely that the number of buildings has increased or decreased over the years, and building data older than a certain time is considered to be unreliable.

[0254] As mentioned above, environmental data (site-specific data) may include data other than building data. For example, it may include terrain data. Therefore, when multiple types of data exist as environmental data, the threshold time value may be determined according to the type of data. For example, when terrain data and building data exist, the terrain is expected to change more slowly over time than the building, so the threshold time for the terrain data may be set longer than the threshold time for the building data.

[0255] Similar processing is possible when the area category is other than urban or suburban. If an area with a rural area category exists within the area corresponding to the propagation path, and the building data in that area is relatively old (within the threshold time from the current time), the building data is treated as possessed and the propagation loss is calculated. If the threshold time from the current time is exceeded, the building data is treated as not possessed. This is based on the expectation that if the area is rural, there will be little increase or decrease in the number of buildings even over the years. Even if the area is rural, if it is designated as a newly developed area, for example, it may be treated as in Example 4.5.2. The threshold time may be changed depending on the area category. The threshold time in Example 4.5.2 may be shorter or longer than the threshold time in Example 4.5.3.

[0256] (Specific Example 4.6) A threshold for the level of detail (e.g., LOD) applicable to building data is determined in advance. If the LOD of the building data for the area corresponding to the propagation path is less than the threshold, the building data is considered not to exist (treated as not possessed), and the propagation loss calculation shown in Examples 4.1 to 4.4 is performed. Note that, in the calculation of propagation loss in Examples 1 to 3, the processing of treating the data as not possessed may also be performed, as in this specific example 4.6. Details of this specific example 4.6 are explained below.

[0257] CityGML is a data format used for 3D city models. CityGML defines the following five levels of detail for building data:

[0258] LOD 0: 2.5D footprints LOD 1: Buildings represented by block models (usually extruded footprints) LOD 2: Building models with standard roof structures LOD 3: Detailed (architectural) building models LOD 4: LOD 3 building models supplemented with interior features. (Quoted from https: / / en.wikipedia.org / wiki / 3D_city_model. The page also states, "Other metrics such as the level of spatio-semantic coherence and resolution of the texture can be considered a part of the LOD.")

[0259] Figure 20 shows an example of a building represented by LOD 1 to LOD 4. This figure is taken from: Ohori, Ken & Diakite, Abdoulaye & Krijnen, Thomas & Ledoux, Hugo & Stoter, Jantien. (2018). Processing BIM and GIS Models in Practice: Experiences and Recommendations from a GeoBIM Project in The Netherlands. ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information. 7. 311. 10.3390 / ijgi7080311., https: / / www.researchgate.net / publication / 326811196_Processing_BIM_and_GIS_Models_in_Practice_Experiences_and_Recommendations_from_a_GeoBIM_Project_in_The_Netherlands.

[0260] For LOD1, the height of the 3D block representing the building is considered to be the median value of the building. Here, the median is defined as "the value in the middle when the heights of the surveyed point cloud are sorted in ascending order" (Source: https: / / www.mlit.go.jp / plateau / learning / tpc03-4 / #p3_5_4).

[0261] In other words, if the level of detail of the building data is less than a predetermined level, a building height lower than the actual height may be applied, which may have a significant impact on the LOS / NLOS determination results.

[0262] Therefore, a threshold for the applicable level of detail (e.g., LOD) is set, and if the LOD of the building data related to the propagation path is below the threshold, the building data is considered not to exist (treated as not possessed) and the propagation loss is calculated. This prevents the amount of interference suffered by the protected entity from being calculated as being smaller than it actually is, and is expected to provide appropriate protection for the protected entity.

[0263] Above, we have shown that building data is not used uniformly in cases such as LOD1 where the building height is given as a median value. Below, we will show an example of whether or not to use building data depending on the specific situation when the building height is given as a statistical value such as the median.

[0264] It is assumed that the height of building data in the area corresponding to the propagation path is given as a statistical value (for example, a median value).

[0265] 21, 22, and 23 show the height of a building h when the height of building data is given as a statistical value (e.g., median). B-median Examples of each are shown below.

[0266] As shown in Fig. 21, if the height of the transmitter 32 and receiver 12 that make up the propagation path and the height derived from the position of the building (the height of breakpoints 37A and 37A) are lower than the height of the building (a statistical value such as the median), the propagation loss is calculated using the building data (the building data is not treated as not being available). In other words, B-median For example, even if a median value is given, if the heights of breakpoint 37A and point 37B are equal to or less than the median value, it can be assumed that a building exists on the propagation path (that a propagation path that passes through the building exists).

[0267] In the example shown in FIG. 22, the height of the building h B-median (e.g., the median value) is lower than the height of breakpoint 37A37A and breakpoint 37A37A. In this case, it is unclear whether a building actually exists on the propagation path. Therefore, as shown in the above specific example 4.6, the propagation loss is estimated assuming that no building data exists.

[0268] In the example shown in FIG. 23, only breakpoint 37A is at the building height h B-median (e.g., median), and break point 37B is the building height h B-median(e.g., the median value). In this case, it can be assumed that a building is present on the propagation path. In other words, if the lower of the two breakpoints 37A and 37B is lower than the statistical value of building heights (e.g., the median value), the building data may be used to estimate the propagation loss.

[0269] The process of the above-described specific example 4.6 can also be combined with the processes of specific examples 3 to 4.5.

[0270] (Specific Example 4.7) When the area corresponding to the propagation path includes multiple partial areas and the spatial reference systems of the building data for the multiple partial areas are different, the building data are converted to a common base spatial reference system. For example, one of the multiple building data spatial reference systems is used as a base, and the other building data is converted to this base spatial reference system. The conversion algorithm is predetermined. In this case, if a conversion error in the position (two-dimensional or three-dimensional position) occurs by a certain value or more, the building data in which the position error occurs due to the conversion is ignored (treated as not possessed) and the propagation loss is estimated. Whether or not a position error of a certain value or more occurs may be predetermined depending on the set of spatial reference systems. Alternatively, the conversion may be performed and the converted positions may be compared. For example, a predetermined map data service compatible with one or more types of spatial reference systems is used to obtain an address or map coordinates from the pre-conversion position, and the same data service is used to obtain an address or map coordinates from the converted position, and the two are compared. If the two match or the difference (distance) is below a certain value, it can be determined that the position error is negligible. If the value is above a certain level, the conversion error of the building data is deemed large and is ignored (treated as not possessed).

[0271] In addition, even if there is only one building data in the area corresponding to the propagation path, the processing of this specific example may be applied by converting the spatial reference system of the building data to another spatial reference system.

[0272] Figure 24 shows an example of a spatial reference system. This figure is taken from https: / / www.mlit.go.jp / plateau / learning / tpc03-4 / . Spatial reference systems are broadly divided into geodetic systems and coordinate systems.

[0273] For geodetic systems, conversion errors can occur in the vertical plane. Height values ​​can be determined using different standards, such as ellipsoidal and geoidal standards, between different building data. Figure 25 shows an example of different height values ​​between ellipsoidal and geoidal standards. This figure is taken from https: / / www.mlit.go.jp / plateau / learning / tpc03-4 / #p3_5_4.

[0274] The ellipsoidal reference regards the Earth as a spheroid and indicates height as the distance from the spheroid surface. The geoidal reference indicates height as the distance from the geoidal surface (mean sea level). Therefore, to convert height from the ellipsoidal reference to the geoidal reference, it is necessary to subtract the height of the geoidal reference from the height of the ellipsoidal reference. However, even in this case, errors may occur due to the conversion, for example, if the measurement granularity of each reference is different. If the error caused by the conversion is less than the grid spacing for the interferometric calculation reference point on the vertical plane, the error may be ignored and the building data may be applied. If the error is equal to or greater than the grid spacing, the building data may not be used.

[0275] Conversion errors may occur in the horizontal plane when it comes to coordinate systems. Coordinates may be determined using different standards between different building data, such as latitude and longitude coordinate systems and plane rectangular coordinate systems. Therefore, for example, if the conversion error is less than the grid spacing for the interference calculation reference point on the horizontal plane, the building data may be applied while ignoring the error. The grid spacing may be determined based on the resolution (30 m, 50 m, etc.) of the terrain data on which the building data is based. The grid spacing may also be matched to this resolution.

[0276] As described above, according to this embodiment, the inclusion relationship between the first area and the second area is determined based on first area information indicating the range of a first area related to the protected entity and second area information indicating the range of a second area in which environmental data related to the geographic environment in which the communication device 110 communicates is present. The processing unit 132 determines a method for using the environmental data based on the result of the determination of the inclusion relationship, and by using the environmental data in the determined method, calculates the propagation loss from the first reference point at which the communication device 110 is installed to the protected entity within the first area and further estimates the amount of radio interference. This makes it possible to improve frequency utilization efficiency while protecting the protected entity from radio interference.

[0277] The above-described embodiment shows an example for realizing the present disclosure, and the present disclosure can be implemented in various other forms. For example, various modifications, substitutions, omissions, or combinations thereof are possible without departing from the spirit of the present disclosure. Such modifications, substitutions, omissions, etc. are also included within the scope of the present disclosure, as well as within the scope of the inventions described in the claims and their equivalents.

[0278] Furthermore, the effects of the present disclosure described in this specification are merely examples, and other effects may also be present.

[0279] The present disclosure may also be configured as follows. [Item 1] An information processing device including a processing unit that determines an inclusion relationship between the first area and the second area based on first area information indicating the range of a first area related to a protected entity and second area information indicating the range of a second area in which environmental data related to a geographical environment in which communication of a communication device is performed exists, and estimates an amount of radio wave interference given to the protected entity from a first reference point at which the communication device is installed in the first area by using the environmental data in a manner corresponding to the result of the determination of the inclusion relationship. [Item 2] The information processing device according to Item 1, in which the processing unit estimates the amount of radio wave interference without using the environmental data when the first area and the second area are completely separated. [Item 3] The information processing device according to Item 1 or 2, in which the processing unit estimates the amount of radio wave interference by using the environmental data when the second area encompasses the entire first area. [Item 4] The information processing device according to any one of Items 1 to 3, in which the processing unit estimates the amount of radio wave interference without using the environmental data when the second area includes only a part of the first area. [Item 5] The information processing device according to any one of items 1 to 4, wherein the processing unit, when the second area includes only a part of the first area, determines an inclusion relationship between the second area and an area corresponding to a propagation path of radio waves from the first reference point to the protected entity, and uses the environmental data in a usage method according to a determination result of the inclusion relationship. [Item 6] The information processing device according to item 5, wherein, when only a part of an area corresponding to the propagation path is included in the second area, the processing unit determines whether a propagation path portion of the part of the area is LOS or NLOS based on the environmental data, and when it is determined to be NLOS, considers the entire propagation path to be NLOS and estimates the amount of radio wave interference.[Item 7] The information processing device according to item 5 or 6, wherein, when only a portion of an area corresponding to the propagation path is included in the second area, the processing unit determines whether a propagation path portion of the partial area is LOS or NLOS based on the environmental data, and when it is determined to be LOS, calculates an LOS path loss for the propagation path portion, calculates a path loss for the remaining path portion of the propagation path based on a probabilistic model, and estimates the amount of radio wave interference based on the LOS path loss and the path loss. [Item 8] The information processing device according to any one of items 5 to 7, wherein, when only a portion of an area corresponding to the propagation path is included in the second area, the processing unit determines whether a propagation path portion of the partial area is LOS or NLOS based on the environmental data, and when it is determined to be LOS, calculates a path loss for the entire propagation path based on a probabilistic model, and estimates the amount of radio wave interference based on the path loss. [Item 9] The information processing device according to any one of Items 5 to 8, wherein, when only a portion of an area corresponding to the propagation path is included in the second area, the processing unit determines whether the propagation path portion of the partial area is LOS or NLOS based on the environmental data, and if the determination is LOS, calculates a path loss of the propagation path based on a proportion of the range of the area corresponding to the entire propagation path that is occupied by the range where the environmental data exists, and estimates the amount of radio wave interference based on the path loss. [Item 10] The information processing device according to Item 9, wherein, when the proportion is equal to or greater than a reference value, the processing unit determines whether the propagation path portion of the partial area is LOS or NLOS based on the environmental data, and if the determination is LOS, calculates an LOS path loss for the propagation path portion, calculates a path loss for the remaining path portion of the propagation path based on a probabilistic model, and estimates the amount of radio wave interference based on the LOS path loss and the path loss. [Item 11] The information processing device according to Item 9 or 10, wherein when the ratio is less than a reference value, the processing unit determines whether the propagation path portion of the partial area is LOS or NLOS based on the environmental data, and when it is determined to be LOS, calculates a propagation loss for the entire propagation path based on a probabilistic model, and estimates the amount of radio wave interference based on the propagation loss.[Item 12] The information processing device according to any one of items 9 to 11, wherein the processing unit determines whether a propagation path portion of the partial area is LOS or NLOS based on the environmental data when the ratio is equal to or greater than a reference value, and if it is determined to be LOS, calculates a propagation loss for the entire propagation path based on a probabilistic model, and estimates the amount of radio wave interference based on the propagation loss. [Item 13] The information processing device according to any one of items 9 to 12, wherein the processing unit determines whether a propagation path portion of the partial area is LOS or NLOS based on the environmental data when the ratio is less than a reference value, and if it is determined to be LOS, calculates an LOS propagation loss for the entire propagation path, and estimates the amount of radio wave interference based on the LOS propagation loss. [Item 14] The information processing device according to any one of Items 5 to 13, wherein, when the second area includes only a portion of the first area, the processing unit determines whether a propagation path portion of the partial area is LOS or NLOS based on the environmental data, and if it is determined to be LOS, sets an LOS rate and an NLOS rate according to a proportion of the area corresponding to the entire propagation path to the area where the environmental data exists, calculates a propagation loss based on the LOS rate and the NLOS rate, and estimates the amount of radio interference based on the propagation loss. [Item 15] The information processing device according to any one of Items 5 to 14, wherein the area corresponding to the propagation path in the second area includes multiple partial areas, and the multiple partial areas have different creation times of environmental data, and the processing unit treats the environmental data of a partial area whose creation time satisfies a condition as not existing. [Item 16] The information processing device according to Item 15, wherein the processing unit treats the environmental data of a partial area whose creation time is older than the latest creation time of the environmental data of the multiple partial areas as not existing. [Item 17] The information processing device according to any one of Items 5 to 16, wherein the processing unit treats the environmental data of the area corresponding to the propagation path in the second area as not existing when the creation time of the environmental data of the area is earlier than the current time by a threshold time or more.[Item 18] The information processing device according to item 17, wherein the processing unit uses a different value for the threshold time depending on a regional category of the overlapping area. [Item 19] The information processing device according to any one of items 5 to 18, wherein the environmental data is building data indicating buildings installed in the geographical environment, and when the building data indicates a median value of the buildings as the building height, the processing unit determines whether to use the environmental data for estimating the amount of radio interference based on a relationship between the height of the propagation path in a region of the second area that overlaps with the first area and the height of the building. [Item 20] The information processing device according to any one of items 5 to 19, wherein the region corresponding to the propagation path in the second area includes a plurality of partial areas, and the spatial reference systems of the environmental data for each of the plurality of partial areas are different, and the processing unit converts the environmental data for the plurality of partial areas into a common spatial reference system serving as a reference, and treats any environmental data for which a position error due to the conversion is equal to or greater than a certain value as not existing. and a receiving unit that receives information indicating whether the frequency is available, the information being determined based on the location information, first area information indicating the range of a first area associated with a protected entity, and second area information indicating the range of a second area in which environmental data relating to a geographical environment of communication of the information device is present. [Item 22] An information processing method comprising: determining an inclusion relationship between the first area and the second area based on the first area information indicating the range of the first area associated with the protected entity and the second area information indicating the range of the second area in which environmental data relating to the geographical environment of communication of the communication device is present, and estimating an amount of radio interference provided to the protected entity from a first reference point at which the communication device is installed within the first area by using the environmental data in a usage method according to the result of the inclusion relationship determination.[Item 23] A communication method executed in an information device, comprising: transmitting a frequency usage request and location information of the information device to a communication control device; and receiving information indicating whether the frequency can be used, the information being determined based on the location information, first area information indicating the range of a first area related to a protected entity, and second area information indicating the range of a second area in which environmental data indicating a geographic environment of communication of the information device exists.

[0280] 23 First area 24, 25, 26: Second area 100 Communication network 110 Communication device (information device) 110A Communication device 110B Communication device 110C Intermediate device (network manager) 111 Receiving unit 112 Processing unit 113 Control unit 114 Transmitting unit 115 Storage unit 131 Receiving unit 132 Processing unit 133 Control unit 134 Transmitting unit 135 Storage unit 120 Terminal device or terminal 130 Frequency management device (information processing device, communication control device) 140 Intermediate device or proxy (information device) 150 Information storage device

Claims

1. An information processing device having a processing unit that determines an inclusion relationship between the first area and the second area based on first area information indicating the range of a first area related to a protected entity and second area information indicating the range of a second area in which environmental data related to the geographical environment in which communication of a communication device exists, and estimates the amount of radio interference provided to the protected entity from a first reference point at which the communication device is installed within the first area by using the environmental data in a usage method according to the result of the inclusion relationship determination.

2. The information processing device according to claim 1, wherein the processing unit estimates the amount of radio interference without using the environmental data when the first area and the second area are completely separated.

3. The information processing device according to claim 1, wherein the processing unit estimates the amount of radio interference by using the environmental data when the second area encompasses the entire first area.

4. The information processing device according to claim 1, wherein the processing unit estimates the amount of radio interference without using the environmental data when the second area includes only a portion of the first area.

5. The information processing device of claim 1, wherein the processing unit, when the second area includes only a portion of the first area, determines an inclusion relationship between the area corresponding to the propagation path of radio waves from the first reference point to the protected entity and the second area, and uses the environmental data in a usage method according to the result of the inclusion relationship determination.

6. The information processing device according to claim 5, wherein, when only a portion of the area corresponding to the propagation path is included in the second area, the processing unit determines whether the propagation path portion of the partial area is LOS or NLOS based on the environmental data, and when it is determined to be NLOS, the entire propagation path is regarded as NLOS and the amount of radio interference is estimated.

7. The information processing device of claim 5, wherein when only a portion of the area corresponding to the propagation path is included in the second area, the processing unit determines whether the propagation path portion of the portion of the area is LOS or NLOS based on the environmental data, and when it is determined to be LOS, calculates an LOS propagation loss for the propagation path portion, calculates a propagation loss for the remaining path portion of the propagation path based on a probabilistic model, and estimates the amount of radio wave interference based on the LOS propagation loss and the propagation loss.

8. The information processing device of claim 5, wherein when only a portion of the area corresponding to the propagation path is included in the second area, the processing unit determines whether the propagation path portion of the partial area is LOS or NLOS based on the environmental data, and when it is determined to be LOS, calculates a propagation loss for the entire propagation path based on a probabilistic model, and estimates the amount of radio wave interference based on the propagation loss.

9. The information processing device of claim 5, wherein when only a portion of the area corresponding to the propagation path is included in the second area, the processing unit determines whether the propagation path portion of the partial area is LOS or NLOS based on the environmental data, and when it is determined to be LOS, calculates the propagation loss of the propagation path based on the proportion of the range in which the environmental data exists to the range of the area corresponding to the entire propagation path, and estimates the amount of radio wave interference based on the propagation loss.

10. The information processing device of claim 9, wherein, when the ratio is equal to or greater than a reference value, the processing unit determines whether the propagation path portion of the partial area is LOS or NLOS based on the environmental data, and when it is determined to be LOS, calculates an LOS propagation loss for the propagation path portion, calculates a propagation loss for the remaining path portion of the propagation path based on a probabilistic model, and estimates the amount of radio wave interference based on the LOS propagation loss and the propagation loss.

11. The information processing device of claim 9, wherein, when the ratio is less than a reference value, the processing unit determines whether the propagation path portion of the partial area is LOS or NLOS based on the environmental data, and when it is determined to be LOS, calculates a propagation loss for the entire propagation path based on a probabilistic model, and estimates the amount of radio wave interference based on the propagation loss.

12. The information processing device of claim 9, wherein the processing unit, when the ratio is equal to or greater than a reference value, determines whether the propagation path portion of the partial area is LOS or NLOS based on the environmental data, and when it is determined to be LOS, calculates a propagation loss for the entire propagation path based on a probabilistic model, and estimates the amount of radio wave interference based on the propagation loss.

13. The information processing device according to claim 9, wherein, when the ratio is less than a reference value, the processing unit determines whether the propagation path portion of the partial area is LOS or NLOS based on the environmental data, and when it is determined to be LOS, calculates an LOS propagation loss for the entire propagation path, and estimates the amount of radio interference based on the LOS propagation loss.

14. The information processing device of claim 5, wherein, when the second area includes only a portion of the first area, the processing unit determines whether the propagation path portion of the portion of the area is LOS or NLOS based on the environmental data, and when it is determined to be LOS, sets an LOS rate and an NLOS rate according to the proportion of the range in which the environmental data exists to the range of the area corresponding to the entire propagation path, calculates a propagation loss based on the LOS rate and the NLOS rate, and estimates the amount of radio wave interference based on the propagation loss.

15. The information processing device according to claim 5, wherein the area in the second area corresponding to the propagation path includes a plurality of subareas, the creation times of the environmental data for each of the plurality of subareas are different, and the processing unit treats the environmental data for the subarea whose creation time satisfies a condition as not existing.

16. The information processing device according to claim 15, wherein the processing unit treats the environmental data of the partial regions having a creation time that is older than the latest creation time of the environmental data of the plurality of partial regions by a threshold time or more as not existing.

17. The information processing device according to claim 5, wherein the processing unit treats the environmental data of an area corresponding to the propagation path in the second area as not existing if the creation time of the environmental data of the area is earlier than the current time by a threshold time or more.

18. The information processing device according to claim 17, wherein the processing unit uses a different value as the threshold time value depending on a regional category of the overlapping area.

19. The information processing device of claim 5, wherein the environmental data is building data indicating buildings installed in the geographical environment, and the processing unit determines whether or not to use the environmental data to estimate the amount of radio interference based on the relationship between the height of the propagation path in an area of ​​the second area that overlaps with the first area and the height of the building when the building data indicates the median value of the building as the height of the building.

20. The information processing device according to claim 5, wherein the area in the second area corresponding to the propagation path includes a plurality of subareas, each of which has a different spatial reference system for environmental data, and the processing unit converts the environmental data of the plurality of subareas into a common spatial reference system serving as a base, and treats environmental data for which the position error due to the conversion is equal to or greater than a certain value as not existing.

21. An information device comprising: a transmitting unit that transmits a frequency usage request and location information of the communication device to a communication control device; and a receiving unit that receives information indicating whether or not the frequency can be used, which is determined based on the location information, first area information indicating the range of a first area related to a protected entity, and second area information indicating the range of a second area in which environmental data indicating the geographic environment of the communication of the information device exists.

22. An information processing method comprising: determining an inclusion relationship between the first area and the second area based on first area information indicating the range of a first area related to a protected entity; and second area information indicating the range of a second area in which environmental data related to the geographic environment of communication of a communication device exists; and estimating an amount of radio interference provided to the protected entity from a first reference point at which the communication device is installed within the first area by using the environmental data in a usage method according to the result of the inclusion relationship determination.

23. A communications method executed in an information device, comprising: transmitting a frequency usage request and location information of the information device to a communications control device; and receiving information indicating whether or not the frequency can be used, the information being determined based on the location information, first area information indicating the range of a first area associated with a protected entity, and second area information indicating the range of a second area in which environmental data indicating the geographic environment of the communications of the information device is present.

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