Method for estimating available capacity of lead-acid storage battery, and method for assessing state of health of lead-acid storage battery

Abstract

A method for estimating the available capacity of a lead-acid storage battery, a method for assessing the state of health of a lead-acid storage battery, and a maintenance method for a lead-acid storage battery. The method for assessing the state of health comprises: obtaining a real-time discharge current of a lead-acid storage battery to be subjected to assessment; on the basis of a first constant coefficient and a second constant coefficient, obtaining an estimation result of the available capacity of said lead-acid storage battery; and on the basis of the available capacity of said lead-acid storage battery, an internal resistance of the battery and the temperature of the battery, performing degree-of-health assessment on said lead-acid storage battery by means of a lead-acid storage battery degree-of-health assessment model, so as to obtain an assessment result of the state of health of said lead-acid storage battery. By means of the present invention, an accurate estimation result of the available capacity of a lead-acid storage battery can be obtained, the state of health of the lead-acid storage battery to be subjected to assessment can be precisely determined, and on this basis, whether the lead-acid storage battery is in an abnormal state is determined, thereby effectively improving the maintenance efficiency of maintenance personnel for a railway communication machine room, and ensuring the stable and safe operation of a communication device.

Description

A method for estimating the available capacity and health status of lead-acid batteries Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of data processing methods specifically suitable for prediction purposes in railway machine room monitoring, and in particular to a method for estimating the available capacity and health status of a lead-acid battery. Background Art

[0002] In the power supply system of railway communication rooms, valve-regulated lead-acid batteries are an important physical foundation for achieving a stable and safe power grid. They are mainly used in backup power supply systems and play an important role in ensuring the stable and safe operation of communication equipment.

[0003] During maintenance, railway communication rooms rarely use lead-acid batteries for power generation, leading maintenance personnel to pay relatively little attention to them during routine maintenance. After installing and operating valve-regulated lead-acid batteries, users typically use lead-acid battery monitoring equipment to directly measure the battery's available capacity and state of health (SOH) at different discharge currents. However, in actual operation, lead-acid batteries are affected by numerous factors, including changes in internal chemical composition, environmental temperature and humidity, charge and discharge currents, the number of charge and discharge cycles, prolonged periods of floating charge, and inadequate maintenance standards. This makes it difficult to adopt a universal method for evaluating the available capacity and state of health (SOH) of lead-acid batteries at different discharge currents.

[0004] Capacity status refers to the remaining available capacity of a lead-acid battery pack and individual lead-acid batteries. It determines how long the pack can carry load in the event of a power failure. The battery's available capacity affects the accuracy of remaining capacity estimation and is affected by discharge current and temperature. If a lead-acid battery pack is not charged promptly or a faulty battery is not replaced promptly, it can cause problems for the entire pack, shortening its service life. More seriously, a failure or anomaly in the battery pack can lead to abnormalities, interruptions, or even a power outage in the entire communications room.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a method for estimating the available capacity and health status of lead-acid batteries to accurately evaluate the available capacity and health status of lead-acid batteries.

[0006] SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

[0007] The present invention provides a method for estimating the available capacity and assessing the health status of a lead-acid battery, so as to overcome the defect that the existing technology is difficult to accurately assess the available capacity and health status of a lead-acid battery.

[0008] The present invention provides a method for estimating the available capacity of a lead-acid battery, comprising:

[0009] Obtaining the maximum discharge current, minimum discharge current, discharge time of the maximum discharge current, and discharge time of the minimum discharge current of the lead-acid battery to be estimated;

[0010] Obtaining a first constant coefficient according to the maximum discharge current, the minimum discharge current, the discharge time of the maximum discharge current, and the discharge time of the minimum discharge current of the lead-acid battery to be estimated;

[0011] Obtain the probability of a discharge alarm occurring during the discharge time of the maximum discharge current and the discharge time of the minimum discharge current of the lead-acid battery to be estimated, as well as the start timestamp of the discharge alarm;

[0012] Obtaining a second constant coefficient according to the probability of a discharge alarm occurring during the discharge time of the maximum discharge current and the discharge time of the minimum discharge current of the lead-acid battery to be estimated, and the start timestamp of the discharge alarm;

[0013] The real-time discharge current of the lead-acid battery to be estimated is obtained, and an estimation result of the available capacity of the lead-acid battery to be estimated is obtained according to the first constant coefficient and the second constant coefficient.

[0014] According to a method for estimating the available capacity of a lead-acid battery provided by the present invention, a first constant coefficient is obtained based on the maximum discharge current, minimum discharge current, discharge time of the maximum discharge current, and discharge time of the minimum discharge current of the lead-acid battery to be estimated, specifically:

[0015] Obtaining a first constant coefficient through a first expression according to the maximum discharge current, the minimum discharge current, the discharge time of the maximum discharge current, and the discharge time of the minimum discharge current of the lead-acid battery to be estimated;

[0016] Among them, the first expression is:

[0017] In the first expression, n represents a first constant coefficient, t1 represents the discharge time of the maximum discharge current, t2 represents the discharge time of the minimum discharge current, I1 represents the maximum discharge current, and I2 represents the minimum discharge current.

[0018] According to a method for estimating the available capacity of a lead-acid battery provided by the present invention, the second constant coefficient is obtained based on the probability of a discharge alarm occurring within the discharge time of the maximum discharge current and the discharge time of the minimum discharge current of the lead-acid battery to be estimated, and the start timestamp of the discharge alarm. Specifically, it is:

[0019] Obtaining a second constant coefficient through a second expression according to the probability of a discharge alarm occurring in the lead-acid battery to be estimated within the discharge time of the maximum discharge current and the discharge time of the minimum discharge current, and the start timestamp of the discharge alarm;

[0020] The second expression is:

[0021] In the second expression, K represents the second constant coefficient, β represents the probability of the lead-acid battery generating a discharge alarm during the discharge time of the maximum discharge current and the discharge time of the minimum discharge current, T y Indicates the start timestamp of the discharge alarm y, T x Indicates the start timestamp of discharge alarm x.

[0022] According to a method for estimating the available capacity of a lead-acid battery provided by the present invention, the probability of a discharge alarm occurring in the lead-acid battery to be estimated during the discharge time of the maximum discharge current and the discharge time of the minimum discharge current is obtained by the total number of discharge alarms of the lead-acid battery to be estimated and the ratio of the number of discharge alarms occurring in the lead-acid battery to be estimated during the discharge time of the maximum discharge current and the discharge time of the minimum discharge current, forming a third expression:

[0023] In the third expression, β represents the probability of a discharge alarm occurring in a lead-acid battery during the discharge time of the maximum discharge current and the discharge time of the minimum discharge current, m represents the number of discharge alarms occurring in the lead-acid batteries during the discharge time of the maximum discharge current and the discharge time of the minimum discharge current, and N represents the total number of discharge alarms in the lead-acid batteries.

[0024] According to a method for estimating the available capacity of a lead-acid battery provided by the present invention, the real-time discharge current of the lead-acid battery to be estimated is obtained, and an estimation result of the available capacity of the lead-acid battery to be estimated is obtained according to a first constant coefficient and a second constant coefficient, specifically:

[0025] Obtaining a real-time discharge current of the lead-acid battery to be estimated, and obtaining an estimation result of the available capacity of the lead-acid battery through a fourth expression based on the first constant coefficient and the second constant coefficient;

[0026] The fourth expression is: C1=K×I (1-n) ,

[0027] In the fourth expression, C1 represents the estimated result of the available capacity of the lead-acid battery, K represents the second constant coefficient, I represents the real-time discharge current of the lead-acid battery, and n represents the first constant coefficient.

[0028] The present invention also provides a method for assessing the health status of a lead-acid battery, comprising:

[0029] Obtaining the available capacity of the lead-acid battery to be evaluated by any of the above methods for estimating the available capacity of the lead-acid battery;

[0030] Obtain the real-time battery internal resistance and battery temperature of the lead-acid battery to be evaluated;

[0031] Based on the available capacity, battery internal resistance, and battery temperature of the lead-acid battery to be evaluated, a health assessment model is used to evaluate the health of the lead-acid battery to be evaluated, thereby obtaining a health status assessment result of the lead-acid battery to be evaluated.

[0032] According to a method for assessing the health status of a lead-acid battery provided by the present invention, the health status of the lead-acid battery to be assessed is assessed using a lead-acid battery health assessment model based on the available capacity, battery internal resistance, and battery temperature of the lead-acid battery to be assessed, thereby obtaining a health status assessment result of the lead-acid battery to be assessed, including:

[0033] When the battery internal resistance of the lead-acid battery to be evaluated is a preset first multiple of a preset reference value and the available capacity is less than a preset percentage of the rated capacity, or when the ambient temperature of the lead-acid battery to be evaluated is greater than or equal to a preset first temperature value, the lead-acid battery health assessment model determines that the health status assessment result of the lead-acid battery to be evaluated is a potential fault;

[0034] When the battery internal resistance of the lead-acid battery to be evaluated is a preset second multiple of the preset reference value, or when the battery internal resistance of the lead-acid battery to be evaluated is a preset third multiple of the preset reference value and the available capacity is less than a preset percentage of the rated capacity, the lead-acid battery health assessment model determines that the health status assessment result of the lead-acid battery to be evaluated is a general fault;

[0035] When the battery temperature of the lead-acid battery to be evaluated is greater than or equal to the second preset temperature value, or the battery internal resistance is a preset fourth multiple of the preset reference value, the lead-acid battery health assessment model determines that the health status assessment result of the lead-acid battery to be evaluated is a serious fault;

[0036] Among the preset first multiple, the preset second multiple, the preset third multiple, and the preset fourth multiple, the preset first multiple is the smallest, the preset fourth multiple is the largest, and the preset third multiple is between the preset first multiple and the preset second multiple.

[0037] The present invention also provides a lead-acid battery available capacity estimation system, comprising:

[0038] The first data acquisition module is used to obtain the maximum discharge current, the minimum discharge current, the discharge time of the maximum discharge current, and the discharge time of the minimum discharge current of the lead-acid battery to be estimated;

[0039] A first data processing module is configured to obtain a first constant coefficient according to a maximum discharge current, a minimum discharge current, a discharge time of the maximum discharge current, and a discharge time of the minimum discharge current of the lead-acid battery to be estimated;

[0040] The second data acquisition module is used to obtain the probability of a discharge alarm occurring during the discharge time of the maximum discharge current and the discharge time of the minimum discharge current of the lead-acid battery to be estimated, and the start timestamp of the discharge alarm;

[0041] The second data processing module is configured to obtain a second constant coefficient based on the probability of a discharge alarm occurring within the discharge time of the maximum discharge current and the discharge time of the minimum discharge current of the lead-acid battery to be estimated, and the start timestamp of the discharge alarm.

[0042] The battery available capacity estimation module is used to obtain the real-time discharge current of the lead-acid battery to be estimated, and obtain an estimation result of the available capacity of the lead-acid battery to be estimated based on the first constant coefficient and the second constant coefficient.

[0043] The present invention also provides a lead-acid battery health status assessment system, comprising:

[0044] An available capacity obtaining module is used to obtain the available capacity of the lead-acid battery to be evaluated by using any of the above-mentioned methods for estimating the available capacity of the lead-acid battery;

[0045] The battery internal resistance and battery temperature obtaining module is used to obtain the real-time battery internal resistance and battery temperature of the lead-acid battery to be evaluated;

[0046] The health status assessment module is used to: perform a health assessment on the lead-acid battery to be assessed based on the available capacity, battery internal resistance, and battery temperature of the lead-acid battery to be assessed using a lead-acid battery health assessment model to obtain a health status assessment result of the lead-acid battery to be assessed.

[0047] The present invention also provides an electronic device, comprising a processor and a memory storing a computer program, wherein when the processor executes the computer program, it implements any of the above-mentioned methods for estimating the available capacity of a lead-acid battery, or when the processor executes the computer program, it implements any of the above-mentioned methods for assessing the health status of a lead-acid battery.

[0048] The present invention also provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the computer program implements any of the above-mentioned methods for estimating the available capacity of a lead-acid battery, or when the computer program is executed by a processor, the computer program implements any of the above-mentioned methods for assessing the health status of a lead-acid battery.

[0049] The present invention also provides a computer program product, which includes a computer program. The computer program can be stored on a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the computer can execute any of the above-mentioned methods for estimating the available capacity of a lead-acid battery, or when the computer program is executed by a processor, the computer can execute any of the above-mentioned methods for assessing the health status of a lead-acid battery.

[0050] The present invention provides a method for estimating the available capacity and assessing the health status of a lead-acid battery. The method obtains an accurate available capacity estimation result of the lead-acid battery based on the maximum discharge current, minimum discharge current, discharge time of the maximum discharge current, discharge time of the minimum discharge current, probability of a discharge alarm occurring in the lead-acid battery during the discharge time of the maximum discharge current and the discharge time of the minimum discharge current, a start timestamp of the discharge alarm, and the real-time discharge current of the lead-acid battery. The method also uses a lead-acid battery health assessment model to accurately determine the health status of the lead-acid battery to be assessed based on the available capacity, battery internal resistance, and battery temperature of the lead-acid battery to be assessed. The method can determine whether the lead-acid battery is in an abnormal state based on the available capacity estimation result and health status assessment result of the lead-acid battery, thereby effectively improving the maintenance efficiency of maintenance personnel in railway communication rooms and ensuring the stable and safe operation of communication equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0051] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present invention or the prior art, a brief introduction will be given below to the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0052] FIG1 is a flow chart of a method for estimating the available capacity of a lead-acid battery provided by the present invention.

[0053] FIG2 is a flow chart of a method for assessing the health status of a lead-acid battery provided by the present invention.

[0054] FIG3 is a schematic structural diagram of a lead-acid battery available capacity estimation system provided by the present invention.

[0055] FIG4 is a schematic structural diagram of a lead-acid battery health status assessment system provided by the present invention.

[0056] FIG5 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device provided by the present invention. Modes for Carrying Out the Invention

[0057] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments, and they should not be understood as limitations on the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention. In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms used are only for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0058] 1 to 5 , a method for estimating the available capacity and assessing the health status of a lead-acid battery provided by the present invention will be described below.

[0059] FIG1 is a flow chart of a method for estimating the available capacity of a lead-acid battery provided by the present invention. Referring to FIG1 , a method for estimating the available capacity of a lead-acid battery provided by the present invention may include:

[0060] Step S110, obtaining the maximum discharge current, minimum discharge current, discharge time of the maximum discharge current, and discharge time of the minimum discharge current of the lead-acid battery to be estimated;

[0061] Step S120: Obtain a first constant coefficient based on the maximum discharge current, the minimum discharge current, the discharge time of the maximum discharge current, and the discharge time of the minimum discharge current of the lead-acid battery to be estimated;

[0062] Step S130: Obtain the probability of a discharge alarm occurring during the discharge time of the maximum discharge current and the discharge time of the minimum discharge current of the lead-acid battery to be estimated, and the start timestamp of the discharge alarm;

[0063] Step S140: Obtain a second constant coefficient based on the probability of a discharge alarm occurring during the discharge time of the maximum discharge current and the discharge time of the minimum discharge current of the lead-acid battery to be estimated, and the start timestamp of the discharge alarm;

[0064] Step S150: obtaining the real-time discharge current of the lead-acid battery to be estimated, and obtaining an estimation result of the available capacity of the lead-acid battery to be estimated based on the first constant coefficient and the second constant coefficient.

[0065] It should be noted that the execution entity of the lead-acid battery available capacity estimation method provided by the present invention can be any terminal-side equipment that meets the technical requirements, such as a lead-acid battery available capacity estimation device.

[0066] It should be noted that the lead-acid battery can be in the form of a single lead-acid battery or a lead-acid battery pack composed of several single batteries.

[0067] In one embodiment, step S110 and step S130 can obtain information such as the maximum discharge current, minimum discharge current, discharge time of the maximum discharge current, discharge time of the minimum discharge current, and real-time discharge current of the lead-acid battery to be estimated in real time through the existing power and environment monitoring system platform. It can also obtain information such as the probability of the lead-acid battery to be estimated generating a discharge alarm within the discharge time of the maximum discharge current and the discharge time of the minimum discharge current, and the start timestamp of the discharge alarm through statistics in the historical alarm database.

[0068] Regarding the power and environmental monitoring system platform, it uses the remote terminal unit RTU (Remote Terminal Unit) physical module in the front-end acquisition equipment. Through the temperature and humidity sensors, energy consumption sensors, etc. deployed on the lead-acid battery, it regularly collects the real-time status data of the lead-acid battery and extracts the battery cell voltage, cell internal resistance, battery temperature, charge and discharge current, charge and discharge voltage and other data from the status data.

[0069] In one embodiment, step S120 may obtain a first constant coefficient through a first expression according to the maximum discharge current, the minimum discharge current, the discharge time of the maximum discharge current, and the discharge time of the minimum discharge current of the lead-acid battery to be estimated;

[0070] Among them, the first expression is:

[0071] In the first expression, n represents a first constant coefficient, t1 represents the discharge time of the maximum discharge current, t2 represents the discharge time of the minimum discharge current, I1 represents the maximum discharge current, and I2 represents the minimum discharge current.

[0072] Specifically, the valve-regulated lead-acid battery generally has a discharge rate of 10 hours. In this embodiment, in combination with actual field work, the discharge time of the maximum discharge current is set to 10 hours, that is, t1 = 10 (h).

[0073] For a certain type of lead-acid battery, its maximum initial available capacity can be obtained by looking at the specifications of different types of lead-acid batteries from the lead-acid battery manufacturer, such as C 10 =200Ah.

[0074] Based on the definitions of the available capacity, discharge current, and discharge time of a lead-acid battery, the maximum discharge current can be obtained using the following formula (2):

[0075] In formula (2), I 10 Indicates the maximum discharge current at the maximum initial available capacity, C 10 Indicates the maximum initial available capacity.

[0076] That is, I1=20A.

[0077] During the discharge process, as the capacity of a lead-acid battery decreases, its discharge current also decreases. To better verify the accuracy of the present invention in estimating the available capacity of a lead-acid battery, multiple different minimum discharge current values ​​can be used for verification. In this embodiment, I2 = 10.

[0078] In the actual maintenance process of lead-acid batteries, combined with the relevant standards and specifications for lead-acid battery maintenance in railway communication rooms, when the available capacity of the lead-acid battery is less than 80% of the rated capacity, the lead-acid battery needs to be replaced or charged. Therefore, this embodiment can take C min =0.8C 10 =160, then, through the following formula (3), we can get t2=16:

[0079] In formula (3), C min Indicates the minimum available capacity of the lead-acid battery, C 10 Indicates the maximum initial usable capacity (rated capacity).

[0080] It should be noted that the actual values ​​of t1, t2, I1, and I2 can be adjusted according to actual conditions.

[0081] Step S140 may obtain a second constant coefficient through a second expression according to the probability of a discharge alarm occurring within the discharge time of the maximum discharge current and the discharge time of the minimum discharge current of the lead-acid battery to be estimated, and the start timestamp of the discharge alarm;

[0082] The second expression is:

[0083] In the second expression, K represents the second constant coefficient, β represents the probability of the lead-acid battery generating a discharge alarm during the discharge time of the maximum discharge current and the discharge time of the minimum discharge current, T y Indicates the start timestamp of the discharge alarm y, T x Indicates the start timestamp of discharge alarm x.

[0084] The probability of a discharge alarm occurring in a lead-acid battery during the discharge time of the maximum discharge current and the discharge time of the minimum discharge current is obtained by the ratio of the total number of discharge alarms of the lead-acid batteries and the number of discharge alarms occurring in the lead-acid batteries during the discharge time of the maximum discharge current and the discharge time of the minimum discharge current, forming a third expression:

[0085] In the third expression, β represents the probability of a discharge alarm occurring in a lead-acid battery during the discharge time of the maximum discharge current and the discharge time of the minimum discharge current, m represents the number of discharge alarms occurring in the lead-acid batteries during the discharge time of the maximum discharge current and the discharge time of the minimum discharge current, and N represents the total number of discharge alarms in the lead-acid batteries.

[0086] The first constant coefficient and the second constant coefficient obtained by the first expression, the second expression and the third expression can improve the accuracy of subsequent estimation of the available capacity of the lead-acid battery.

[0087] Furthermore, step S150 may obtain an estimation result of the available capacity of the lead-acid battery through a fourth expression according to the first constant coefficient, the second constant coefficient, and the real-time discharge current of the lead-acid battery;

[0088] The fourth expression is: C1=K×I (1-n) (6),

[0089] In the fourth expression, C1 represents the estimated result of the available capacity of the lead-acid battery, K represents the second constant coefficient, I represents the real-time discharge current of the lead-acid battery, and n represents the first constant coefficient.

[0090] The present invention provides a method for estimating the available capacity of a lead-acid battery. Based on the relationship between the battery's available capacity and discharge current, a more optimal first constant coefficient and second constant coefficient are calculated to accurately estimate the available capacity of the lead-acid battery. This helps maintenance personnel to promptly maintain lead-acid batteries that need to be replaced or charged, thereby improving maintenance efficiency.

[0091] FIG2 is a flow chart of a method for assessing the health status of a lead-acid battery provided by the present invention. Referring to FIG2 , a method for assessing the health status of a lead-acid battery provided by the present invention may include:

[0092] Step S210: Obtain the available capacity of the lead-acid battery to be evaluated by the above-mentioned method for estimating the available capacity of the lead-acid battery;

[0093] Step S220: obtaining the real-time battery internal resistance and battery temperature of the lead-acid battery to be evaluated;

[0094] Step S230: Based on the available capacity, internal resistance, and temperature of the lead-acid battery to be evaluated, the health of the lead-acid battery to be evaluated is evaluated using a lead-acid battery health evaluation model to obtain a health status evaluation result of the lead-acid battery to be evaluated.

[0095] It should be noted that the execution entity of the health status assessment method of the lead-acid battery provided by the present invention can be any terminal-side equipment that meets the technical requirements, such as a health status assessment device for a lead-acid battery.

[0096] In one embodiment, step S220 may obtain information such as the real-time battery internal resistance and battery temperature of the lead-acid battery to be evaluated through an existing power and environment monitoring system platform.

[0097] It should be noted that the lead-acid battery health assessment model in step S230 can be trained using any open source model framework that meets the requirements of the present invention.

[0098] In one embodiment, the lead-acid battery health assessment model in step S230 can perform health assessment on the lead-acid battery to be assessed based on the following conditions:

[0099] I) When the battery internal resistance of the lead-acid battery to be evaluated is a preset first multiple of a preset baseline value, and the available capacity is less than a preset percentage of the rated capacity (for example, when the battery internal resistance of the lead-acid battery to be evaluated is approximately 1.25 times the preset baseline value, and the available capacity is less than 80% of the rated capacity), or when the ambient temperature of the lead-acid battery to be evaluated is greater than or equal to a preset first temperature value (for example, when the ambient temperature of the lead-acid battery to be evaluated is greater than or equal to 30°C, since the standard temperature of a communications room is 10°C to 30°C, if the internal resistance of the lead-acid battery changes due to thermal aging, when the ambient temperature of the lead-acid battery is monitored to be above 30°C, there is a possibility that the lead-acid battery has a potential fault), the lead-acid battery health assessment model determines that the health status assessment result of the lead-acid battery to be evaluated is a potential fault.

[0100] II) when the battery internal resistance of the lead-acid battery to be evaluated is a preset second multiple of the preset reference value (for example, when the battery internal resistance of the lead-acid battery to be evaluated is between 1.3 and 1.5 times the preset reference value), or when the battery internal resistance of the lead-acid battery to be evaluated is a preset third multiple of the preset reference value (for example, when the battery internal resistance of the lead-acid battery to be evaluated is between 1.25 and 1.3 times the preset reference value), and the available capacity is less than a preset percentage of the rated capacity (for example, the available capacity is less than 80% of the rated capacity), the lead-acid battery health assessment model determines that the health status assessment result of the lead-acid battery to be evaluated is a general fault;

[0101] III) when the battery temperature of the lead-acid battery to be evaluated is greater than or equal to a second preset temperature value (for example, when the battery temperature of the lead-acid battery to be evaluated is greater than or equal to 40°), or the battery internal resistance is a preset fourth multiple of a preset reference value (for example, the battery internal resistance is greater than 1.5 times the preset reference value), the lead-acid battery health assessment model determines that the health status assessment result of the lead-acid battery to be evaluated is a serious fault;

[0102] Among the preset first multiple, the preset second multiple, the preset third multiple, and the preset fourth multiple, the preset first multiple is the smallest, the preset fourth multiple is the largest, and the preset third multiple is between the preset first multiple and the preset second multiple.

[0103] It should be noted that the preset reference value of the battery internal resistance of the lead-acid battery can be provided by the manufacturer.

[0104] The present invention provides a method for estimating the available capacity and assessing the health status of a lead-acid battery. The method obtains an accurate available capacity estimation result of the lead-acid battery based on the maximum discharge current, minimum discharge current, discharge time of the maximum discharge current, discharge time of the minimum discharge current, probability of a discharge alarm occurring in the lead-acid battery during the discharge time of the maximum discharge current and the discharge time of the minimum discharge current, a start timestamp of the discharge alarm, and the real-time discharge current of the lead-acid battery. The method also uses a lead-acid battery health assessment model to accurately determine the health status of the lead-acid battery to be assessed based on the available capacity, battery internal resistance, and battery temperature of the lead-acid battery to be assessed. The method can determine whether the lead-acid battery is in an abnormal state based on the available capacity estimation result and health status assessment result of the lead-acid battery, thereby effectively improving the maintenance efficiency of maintenance personnel in railway communication rooms and ensuring the stable and safe operation of communication equipment.

[0105] In recent years, with the rapid development of Internet of Things technology, it has been increasingly applied to various industries to improve work efficiency. The railway industry's computer room power supply monitoring introduces the collection of lead-acid battery information based on Internet of Things sensing technology, including battery pack voltage, current, temperature, and single-cell battery voltage, current, internal resistance and other information, and reports the information to the platform. However, the above scheme only collects, processes and reports information, and the information collector cannot fully utilize the deep meaning contained in this information to make an accurate judgment on the health status (SOH) of the lead-acid battery. The main purpose of the present invention is to make full use of the data collected by the platform and estimate the available remaining capacity of the lead-acid battery through an optimization algorithm. At the same time, in view of the characteristic that the internal resistance of the lead-acid battery increases slowly during work, combined with data such as the available remaining capacity of the lead-acid battery, a set of lead-acid battery health (SOH) evaluation standards suitable for battery maintenance work in railway communication rooms are proposed. The application of the present invention in actual work can determine whether the lead-acid battery is in an abnormal state by collecting battery information, maximize the capacity and performance of the battery pack, extend the operating life of the battery pack, enable the battery pack in floating charge to continue to absorb electrical energy, improve the battery energy absorption ratio, extend the battery pack standby time, and automatically eliminate the single cell voltage high alarm.

[0106] In addition, the method for estimating the available capacity and assessing the health status of a lead-acid battery provided by the present invention can also bring the following beneficial effects:

[0107] 1. By comparing energy consumption data in different time periods, it is possible to quickly determine whether the lead-acid battery has a fault and improve the work efficiency of maintenance personnel;

[0108] 2. Combining data from multiple dimensions such as energy consumption data, service life, and operation records to evaluate the health status of lead-acid batteries can provide maintenance personnel with more comprehensive and objective health status information of lead-acid batteries, which is conducive to formulating more scientific and effective maintenance plans;

[0109] 3. By analyzing equipment big data, we can predict equipment failures and future development trends, which is conducive to predictive maintenance and improve equipment stability and service life;

[0110] 4. The equipment health analysis technology based on energy consumption monitoring has become an intelligent and efficient equipment monitoring and maintenance solution, providing strong support for the safe and reliable operation of equipment.

[0111] According to a method for estimating the available capacity and assessing the health status of a lead-acid battery, also provided by the present invention, the power supply system of a railway communication room can estimate the available capacity and assess the health status of the lead-acid battery in a timed or periodic manner. When the estimation result or assessment result reaches a preset alarm condition, an alarm message is promptly issued to prompt maintenance personnel to take timely countermeasures to ensure the safe and stable operation of the power supply system of the railway communication room.

[0112] On the one hand, the available capacity estimation system of the lead-acid battery provided by the present invention is described below. The available capacity estimation system of the lead-acid battery described below and the available capacity estimation method of the lead-acid battery described above can be referred to each other.

[0113] 3 , a system for estimating the available capacity of a lead-acid battery provided by the present invention may include:

[0114] The first data acquisition module is used to obtain the maximum discharge current, the minimum discharge current, the discharge time of the maximum discharge current, and the discharge time of the minimum discharge current of the lead-acid battery to be estimated;

[0115] A first data processing module is configured to obtain a first constant coefficient according to a maximum discharge current, a minimum discharge current, a discharge time of the maximum discharge current, and a discharge time of the minimum discharge current of the lead-acid battery to be estimated;

[0116] The second data acquisition module is used to obtain the probability of a discharge alarm occurring during the discharge time of the maximum discharge current and the discharge time of the minimum discharge current of the lead-acid battery to be estimated, and the start timestamp of the discharge alarm;

[0117] The second data processing module is configured to obtain a second constant coefficient based on the probability of a discharge alarm occurring within the discharge time of the maximum discharge current and the discharge time of the minimum discharge current of the lead-acid battery to be estimated, and the start timestamp of the discharge alarm.

[0118] The battery available capacity estimation module is used to obtain the real-time discharge current of the lead-acid battery to be estimated, and obtain an estimation result of the available capacity of the lead-acid battery to be estimated based on the first constant coefficient and the second constant coefficient.

[0119] According to a lead-acid battery available capacity estimation system provided by the present invention, the first data processing module is specifically configured to:

[0120] Obtaining a first constant coefficient through a first expression according to the maximum discharge current, the minimum discharge current, the discharge time of the maximum discharge current, and the discharge time of the minimum discharge current of the lead-acid battery to be estimated;

[0121] Among them, the first expression is:

[0122] In the first expression, n represents a first constant coefficient, t1 represents the discharge time of the maximum discharge current, t2 represents the discharge time of the minimum discharge current, I1 represents the maximum discharge current, and I2 represents the minimum discharge current.

[0123] According to a lead-acid battery available capacity estimation system provided by the present invention, the second data processing module is specifically configured to:

[0124] Obtaining a second constant coefficient through a second expression according to the probability of a discharge alarm occurring in the lead-acid battery to be estimated within the discharge time of the maximum discharge current and the discharge time of the minimum discharge current, and the start timestamp of the discharge alarm;

[0125] The second expression is:

[0126] In the second expression, K represents the second constant coefficient, β represents the probability of the lead-acid battery generating a discharge alarm during the discharge time of the maximum discharge current and the discharge time of the minimum discharge current, T y Indicates the start timestamp of the discharge alarm y, T x Indicates the start timestamp of discharge alarm x.

[0127] It should be noted that the probability of a discharge alarm occurring in a lead-acid battery during the discharge time of the maximum discharge current and the discharge time of the minimum discharge current is obtained by the ratio of the total number of discharge alarms of the lead-acid battery and the number of discharge alarms occurring in the lead-acid battery during the discharge time of the maximum discharge current and the discharge time of the minimum discharge current, forming a third expression:

[0128] In the third expression, β represents the probability of a discharge alarm occurring in a lead-acid battery during the discharge time of the maximum discharge current and the discharge time of the minimum discharge current, m represents the number of discharge alarms occurring in the lead-acid batteries during the discharge time of the maximum discharge current and the discharge time of the minimum discharge current, and N represents the total number of discharge alarms in the lead-acid batteries.

[0129] According to a lead-acid battery available capacity estimation system provided by the present invention, the battery available capacity estimation module is specifically used to:

[0130] Obtaining a real-time discharge current of the lead-acid battery to be estimated, and obtaining an estimation result of the available capacity of the lead-acid battery through a fourth expression based on the first constant coefficient and the second constant coefficient;

[0131] The fourth expression is: C1=K×I (1-n) ,

[0132] In the fourth expression, C1 represents the estimated result of the available capacity of the lead-acid battery, K represents the second constant coefficient, I represents the real-time discharge current of the lead-acid battery, and n represents the first constant coefficient.

[0133] On the other hand, the health status assessment system of a lead-acid battery provided by the present invention is described below. The health status assessment system of a lead-acid battery described below and the health status assessment method of a lead-acid battery described above can refer to each other.

[0134] 4 , a lead-acid battery health status assessment system provided by the present invention may include:

[0135] An available capacity obtaining module is used to obtain the available capacity of the lead-acid battery to be evaluated by using any of the above-mentioned methods for estimating the available capacity of the lead-acid battery;

[0136] The battery internal resistance and battery temperature obtaining module is used to obtain the real-time battery internal resistance and battery temperature of the lead-acid battery to be evaluated;

[0137] The health status assessment module is used to: perform a health assessment on the lead-acid battery to be assessed based on the available capacity, battery internal resistance, and battery temperature of the lead-acid battery to be assessed using a lead-acid battery health assessment model to obtain a health status assessment result of the lead-acid battery to be assessed.

[0138] It should be noted that the health status assessment module can perform health assessment on the lead-acid battery to be assessed according to the following conditions:

[0139] When the battery internal resistance of the lead-acid battery to be evaluated is a preset first multiple of a preset reference value and the available capacity is less than a preset percentage of the rated capacity, or when the ambient temperature of the lead-acid battery to be evaluated is greater than or equal to a preset first temperature value, the lead-acid battery health assessment model determines that the health status assessment result of the lead-acid battery to be evaluated is a potential fault;

[0140] When the battery internal resistance of the lead-acid battery to be evaluated is a preset second multiple of the preset reference value, or when the battery internal resistance of the lead-acid battery to be evaluated is a preset third multiple of the preset reference value and the available capacity is less than a preset percentage of the rated capacity, the lead-acid battery health assessment model determines that the health status assessment result of the lead-acid battery to be evaluated is a general fault;

[0141] When the battery temperature of the lead-acid battery to be evaluated is greater than or equal to the second preset temperature value, or the battery internal resistance is a preset fourth multiple of the preset reference value, the lead-acid battery health assessment model determines that the health status assessment result of the lead-acid battery to be evaluated is a serious fault;

[0142] Among the preset first multiple, the preset second multiple, the preset third multiple, and the preset fourth multiple, the preset first multiple is the smallest, the preset fourth multiple is the largest, and the preset third multiple is between the preset first multiple and the preset second multiple.

[0143] FIG5 illustrates a schematic diagram of the physical structure of an electronic device. As shown in FIG5 , the electronic device may include: a processor 810, a communications interface 820, a memory 830, and a communication bus 840. The processor 810, the communications interface 820, and the memory 830 communicate with each other via the communication bus 840. The processor 810 may call logic instructions in the memory 830 to execute a method for estimating the available capacity of a lead-acid battery. The method includes:

[0144] Obtaining the maximum discharge current, minimum discharge current, discharge time of the maximum discharge current, and discharge time of the minimum discharge current of the lead-acid battery to be estimated;

[0145] Obtaining a first constant coefficient according to the maximum discharge current, the minimum discharge current, the discharge time of the maximum discharge current, and the discharge time of the minimum discharge current of the lead-acid battery to be estimated;

[0146] Obtain the probability of a discharge alarm occurring during the discharge time of the maximum discharge current and the discharge time of the minimum discharge current of the lead-acid battery to be estimated, as well as the start timestamp of the discharge alarm;

[0147] Obtaining a second constant coefficient according to the probability of a discharge alarm occurring during the discharge time of the maximum discharge current and the discharge time of the minimum discharge current of the lead-acid battery to be estimated, and the start timestamp of the discharge alarm;

[0148] Obtaining a real-time discharge current of the lead-acid battery to be estimated, and obtaining an estimation result of the available capacity of the lead-acid battery to be estimated based on the first constant coefficient and the second constant coefficient;

[0149] Alternatively, the processor 810 may call logic instructions in the memory 830 to execute a health status assessment method for a lead-acid battery, the method comprising:

[0150] Obtaining the available capacity of the lead-acid battery to be evaluated by any of the above methods for estimating the available capacity of the lead-acid battery;

[0151] Obtain the real-time battery internal resistance and battery temperature of the lead-acid battery to be evaluated;

[0152] Based on the available capacity, battery internal resistance, and battery temperature of the lead-acid battery to be evaluated, a health assessment model is used to evaluate the health of the lead-acid battery to be evaluated, thereby obtaining a health status assessment result of the lead-acid battery to be evaluated.

[0153] In addition, the logic instructions in the above-mentioned memory 830 can be implemented in the form of a software functional unit and can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium when sold or used as an independent product. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or the part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions for enabling a computer device (which can be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the method described in each embodiment of the present invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes: various media that can store program codes, such as a USB flash drive, a mobile hard disk, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk or an optical disk.

[0154] On the other hand, the present invention further provides a computer program product, which includes a computer program. The computer program can be stored on a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the computer can perform the method for estimating the available capacity of a lead-acid battery provided by the above methods, which includes:

[0155] Obtaining the maximum discharge current, minimum discharge current, discharge time of the maximum discharge current, and discharge time of the minimum discharge current of the lead-acid battery to be estimated;

[0156] Obtaining a first constant coefficient according to the maximum discharge current, the minimum discharge current, the discharge time of the maximum discharge current, and the discharge time of the minimum discharge current of the lead-acid battery to be estimated;

[0157] Obtain the probability of a discharge alarm occurring during the discharge time of the maximum discharge current and the discharge time of the minimum discharge current of the lead-acid battery to be estimated, as well as the start timestamp of the discharge alarm;

[0158] Obtaining a second constant coefficient according to the probability of a discharge alarm occurring during the discharge time of the maximum discharge current and the discharge time of the minimum discharge current of the lead-acid battery to be estimated, and the start timestamp of the discharge alarm;

[0159] Obtaining a real-time discharge current of the lead-acid battery to be estimated, and obtaining an estimation result of the available capacity of the lead-acid battery to be estimated based on the first constant coefficient and the second constant coefficient;

[0160] Alternatively, when the computer program is executed by a processor, the computer can perform the health status assessment method of the lead-acid battery provided by the above methods, which includes:

[0161] Obtaining the available capacity of the lead-acid battery to be evaluated by any of the above methods for estimating the available capacity of the lead-acid battery;

[0162] Obtain the real-time battery internal resistance and battery temperature of the lead-acid battery to be evaluated;

[0163] Based on the available capacity, battery internal resistance, and battery temperature of the lead-acid battery to be evaluated, a health assessment model is used to evaluate the health of the lead-acid battery to be evaluated, thereby obtaining a health status assessment result of the lead-acid battery to be evaluated.

[0164] In another aspect, the present invention further provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the method for estimating the available capacity of a lead-acid battery provided by the above methods is implemented, and the method includes:

[0165] Obtaining the maximum discharge current, minimum discharge current, discharge time of the maximum discharge current, and discharge time of the minimum discharge current of the lead-acid battery to be estimated;

[0166] Obtaining a first constant coefficient according to the maximum discharge current, the minimum discharge current, the discharge time of the maximum discharge current, and the discharge time of the minimum discharge current of the lead-acid battery to be estimated;

[0167] Obtain the probability of a discharge alarm occurring during the discharge time of the maximum discharge current and the discharge time of the minimum discharge current of the lead-acid battery to be estimated, as well as the start timestamp of the discharge alarm;

[0168] Obtaining a second constant coefficient according to the probability of a discharge alarm occurring during the discharge time of the maximum discharge current and the discharge time of the minimum discharge current of the lead-acid battery to be estimated, and the start timestamp of the discharge alarm;

[0169] Obtaining a real-time discharge current of the lead-acid battery to be estimated, and obtaining an estimation result of the available capacity of the lead-acid battery to be estimated based on the first constant coefficient and the second constant coefficient;

[0170] Alternatively, when the computer program is executed by a processor, the computer program is implemented to perform the health status assessment method of the lead-acid battery provided by the above methods, which method includes:

[0171] Obtaining the available capacity of the lead-acid battery to be evaluated by any of the above methods for estimating the available capacity of the lead-acid battery;

[0172] Obtain the real-time battery internal resistance and battery temperature of the lead-acid battery to be evaluated;

[0173] Based on the available capacity, battery internal resistance, and battery temperature of the lead-acid battery to be evaluated, a health assessment model is used to evaluate the health of the lead-acid battery to be evaluated, thereby obtaining a health status assessment result of the lead-acid battery to be evaluated.

[0174] The device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units, i.e., they may be located in one location or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the modules may be selected based on actual needs to achieve the objectives of the present embodiment. Persons of ordinary skill in the art will be able to understand and implement the present invention without inventive effort.

[0175] Through the description of the above embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that each embodiment can be implemented by means of software plus a necessary general hardware platform, or of course, by hardware. Based on this understanding, the essence of the above technical solution or the part that contributes to the existing technology can be embodied in the form of a software product. The computer software product can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, such as ROM / RAM, a magnetic disk, an optical disk, etc., and includes a number of instructions for enabling a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in each embodiment or certain parts of the embodiments.

[0176] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present invention.

[0177] CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0178] This application claims priority to the Chinese patent application (application number 202311397941.9) filed on October 26, 2023, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Industrial Applicability

[0179] The present invention provides a method for estimating the available capacity and assessing the health status of a lead-acid battery. The method obtains an accurate available capacity estimation result of the lead-acid battery based on the maximum discharge current, minimum discharge current, discharge time of the maximum discharge current, discharge time of the minimum discharge current, probability of a discharge alarm occurring in the lead-acid battery during the discharge time of the maximum discharge current and the discharge time of the minimum discharge current, a start timestamp of the discharge alarm, and the real-time discharge current of the lead-acid battery. The method also uses a lead-acid battery health assessment model to accurately determine the health status of the lead-acid battery to be assessed based on the available capacity, battery internal resistance, and battery temperature of the lead-acid battery to be assessed. The method can determine whether the lead-acid battery is in an abnormal state based on the available capacity estimation result and health status assessment result of the lead-acid battery, thereby effectively improving the maintenance efficiency of maintenance personnel in railway communication rooms and ensuring the stable and safe operation of communication equipment.

Claims

1. A method for estimating the available capacity of a lead-acid battery, comprising: Obtaining the maximum discharge current, the minimum discharge current, the discharge time of the maximum discharge current, and the discharge time of the minimum discharge current of the lead-acid battery to be estimated; Obtaining a first constant coefficient according to a maximum discharge current, a minimum discharge current, a discharge time of the maximum discharge current, and a discharge time of the minimum discharge current of the lead-acid battery to be estimated; Obtaining the probability of a discharge alarm occurring during the discharge time of the maximum discharge current and the discharge time of the minimum discharge current of the lead-acid battery to be estimated, and the start timestamp of the discharge alarm; Obtaining a second constant coefficient according to the probability of a discharge alarm occurring during the discharge time of the maximum discharge current and the discharge time of the minimum discharge current of the lead-acid battery to be estimated, and the start timestamp of the discharge alarm; The real-time discharge current of the lead-acid battery to be estimated is obtained, and the available capacity estimation result of the lead-acid battery to be estimated is obtained according to the first constant coefficient and the second constant coefficient.

2. The method for estimating the available capacity of a lead-acid battery according to claim 1, wherein: The first constant coefficient is obtained according to the maximum discharge current, the minimum discharge current, the discharge time of the maximum discharge current, and the discharge time of the minimum discharge current of the lead-acid battery to be estimated, including: Obtaining a first constant coefficient through a first expression according to a maximum discharge current, a minimum discharge current, a discharge time of the maximum discharge current, and a discharge time of the minimum discharge current of the lead-acid battery to be estimated; Among them, the first expression is: In the first expression, n represents a first constant coefficient, t1 represents a discharge time of a maximum discharge current, t2 represents a discharge time of a minimum discharge current, I1 represents a maximum discharge current, and I2 represents a minimum discharge current.

3. The method for estimating the available capacity of a lead-acid battery according to claim 2, wherein: The second constant coefficient is obtained according to the probability of the discharge alarm occurring in the discharge time of the maximum discharge current and the discharge time of the minimum discharge current of the lead-acid battery to be estimated, and the start timestamp of the discharge alarm, including: Obtaining a second constant coefficient through a second expression according to the probability of a discharge alarm occurring during the discharge time of the maximum discharge current and the discharge time of the minimum discharge current of the lead-acid battery to be estimated, and the start timestamp of the discharge alarm; The second expression is: In the second expression, K represents the second constant coefficient, β represents the probability of a discharge alarm occurring in the lead-acid battery during the discharge time of the maximum discharge current and the discharge time of the minimum discharge current, and T y Indicates the start timestamp of the discharge alarm y, T x Indicates the start timestamp of the discharge alarm x.

4. The method for estimating the available capacity of a lead-acid battery according to claim 3, wherein: The probability of a discharge alarm occurring in a lead-acid battery during the discharge time of the maximum discharge current and the discharge time of the minimum discharge current is obtained by the total number of discharge alarms of the lead-acid battery and the ratio of the number of discharge alarms occurring in the lead-acid battery during the discharge time of the maximum discharge current and the discharge time of the minimum discharge current, forming a third expression: In the third expression, β represents the probability of a discharge alarm occurring in a lead-acid battery during the discharge time of the maximum discharge current and the discharge time of the minimum discharge current, m represents the number of discharge alarms occurring in the lead-acid battery during the discharge time of the maximum discharge current and the discharge time of the minimum discharge current, and N represents the total number of discharge alarms of the lead-acid battery.

5. The method for estimating the available capacity of a lead-acid battery according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: The method of obtaining the real-time discharge current of the lead-acid battery to be estimated and obtaining the available capacity estimation result of the lead-acid battery to be estimated according to the first constant coefficient and the second constant coefficient includes: Obtaining a real-time discharge current of the lead-acid battery to be estimated, and obtaining an estimation result of the available capacity of the lead-acid battery through a fourth expression according to the first constant coefficient and the second constant coefficient; Among them, the fourth expression is: C1=K×I (1-n) , In the fourth expression, C1 represents the estimation result of the available capacity of the lead-acid battery, K represents the second constant coefficient, I represents the real-time discharge current of the lead-acid battery, and n represents the first constant coefficient.

6. A method for assessing the health status of a lead-acid battery, comprising: Obtaining the available capacity of the lead-acid battery to be evaluated by the available capacity estimation method of the lead-acid battery according to any one of claims 1 to 5; Obtaining the real-time battery internal resistance and battery temperature of the lead-acid battery to be evaluated; According to the available capacity, internal resistance, and temperature of the lead-acid battery to be evaluated, the health of the lead-acid battery to be evaluated is evaluated through the lead-acid battery health evaluation model. Battery health status assessment results.

7. The method for assessing the health status of a lead-acid battery according to claim 6, wherein: According to the available capacity, internal resistance, and temperature of the lead-acid battery to be evaluated, the health of the lead-acid battery to be evaluated is evaluated by using the lead-acid battery health evaluation model to obtain a health status evaluation result of the lead-acid battery to be evaluated, including: When the battery internal resistance of the lead-acid battery to be evaluated is a preset first multiple of a preset reference value, and the available capacity is below a preset percentage of the rated capacity, or when the ambient temperature of the lead-acid battery to be evaluated is greater than or equal to a preset first temperature value, the lead-acid battery health evaluation model determines that the health status evaluation result of the lead-acid battery to be evaluated is a potential fault; When the battery internal resistance of the lead-acid battery to be evaluated is a preset second multiple of the preset reference value, or when the battery internal resistance of the lead-acid battery to be evaluated is a preset third multiple of the preset reference value, and the available capacity is below a preset percentage of the rated capacity, the lead-acid battery health evaluation model determines that the health status evaluation result of the lead-acid battery to be evaluated is a general fault; When the battery temperature of the lead-acid battery to be evaluated is greater than or equal to the second preset temperature value, or the battery internal resistance is a preset fourth multiple of the preset reference value, the lead-acid battery health evaluation model determines that the health status evaluation result of the lead-acid battery to be evaluated is a serious fault; Among the preset first multiple, the preset second multiple, the preset third multiple, and the preset fourth multiple, the preset first multiple is the smallest, the preset fourth multiple is the largest, and the preset third multiple is between the preset first multiple and the preset second multiple.

8. A method for maintaining a lead-acid battery, comprising: Step 1: obtaining an estimation result of the available capacity of the lead-acid battery to be evaluated, wherein the estimation result of the available capacity of the lead-acid battery to be evaluated is used for maintaining the lead-acid battery to be evaluated; Step 2: Obtain the real-time battery internal resistance and battery temperature of the lead-acid battery to be evaluated; Step 3: According to the available capacity, battery internal resistance, and battery temperature of the lead-acid battery to be evaluated, the health of the lead-acid battery to be evaluated is evaluated through the lead-acid battery health evaluation model to obtain a health status evaluation result of the lead-acid battery to be evaluated, and the health status evaluation result of the lead-acid battery to be evaluated is used for maintenance of the lead-acid battery to be evaluated.

9. The method for maintaining a lead-acid battery according to claim 8, further comprising: When the available capacity estimation result or the health status assessment result of the lead-acid battery to be assessed reaches a preset alarm condition, an alarm message is issued.

10. The method for maintaining a lead-acid battery according to claim 8 or 9, wherein: The method of obtaining the available capacity estimation result of the lead-acid battery to be evaluated comprises the following steps: Obtaining the maximum discharge current, the minimum discharge current, the discharge time of the maximum discharge current, and the discharge time of the minimum discharge current of the lead-acid battery to be evaluated; Obtaining a first constant coefficient according to a maximum discharge current, a minimum discharge current, a discharge time of the maximum discharge current, and a discharge time of the minimum discharge current of the lead-acid battery to be evaluated; Obtaining the probability of a discharge alarm occurring during the discharge time of the maximum discharge current and the discharge time of the minimum discharge current of the lead-acid battery to be evaluated, and the start timestamp of the discharge alarm; Obtaining a second constant coefficient according to the probability of a discharge alarm occurring during the discharge time of the maximum discharge current and the discharge time of the minimum discharge current of the lead-acid battery to be evaluated, and the start timestamp of the discharge alarm; The real-time discharge current of the lead-acid battery to be evaluated is obtained, and the available capacity estimation result of the lead-acid battery to be evaluated is obtained according to the first constant coefficient and the second constant coefficient.

11. The method for maintaining a lead-acid battery according to claim 10, wherein: The first constant coefficient is obtained according to the maximum discharge current, the minimum discharge current, the discharge time of the maximum discharge current, and the discharge time of the minimum discharge current of the lead-acid battery to be evaluated, including: Obtaining a first constant coefficient through a first expression according to a maximum discharge current, a minimum discharge current, a discharge time of a maximum discharge current, and a discharge time of a minimum discharge current of a lead-acid battery to be evaluated; Among them, the first expression is: In the first expression, n represents a first constant coefficient, t1 represents a discharge time of a maximum discharge current, t2 represents a discharge time of a minimum discharge current, I1 represents a maximum discharge current, and I2 represents a minimum discharge current.

12. The method for maintaining a lead-acid battery according to claim 11, wherein: The second constant coefficient is obtained according to the probability of a discharge alarm occurring in the lead-acid battery to be evaluated during the discharge time of the maximum discharge current and the discharge time of the minimum discharge current, and the start timestamp of the discharge alarm, including: Obtaining a second constant coefficient through a second expression according to the probability of a discharge alarm occurring in the lead-acid battery to be evaluated during the discharge time of the maximum discharge current and the discharge time of the minimum discharge current, and the start timestamp of the discharge alarm; The second expression is: In the second expression, K represents the second constant coefficient, β represents the probability of a discharge alarm occurring in the lead-acid battery during the discharge time of the maximum discharge current and the discharge time of the minimum discharge current, and T y Indicates the start timestamp of the discharge alarm y, T x Indicates the start timestamp of the discharge alarm x.

13. The method for maintaining a lead-acid battery according to claim 8 or 9, wherein: The probability of a discharge alarm occurring in a lead-acid battery during the discharge time of the maximum discharge current and the discharge time of the minimum discharge current is obtained by the total number of discharge alarms of the lead-acid battery and the ratio of the number of discharge alarms occurring in the lead-acid battery during the discharge time of the maximum discharge current and the discharge time of the minimum discharge current, forming a third expression: In the third expression, β represents the probability of a discharge alarm occurring in a lead-acid battery during the discharge time of the maximum discharge current and the discharge time of the minimum discharge current, m represents the number of discharge alarms occurring in the lead-acid battery during the discharge time of the maximum discharge current and the discharge time of the minimum discharge current, and N represents the total number of discharge alarms of the lead-acid battery.

14. The method for maintaining a lead-acid battery according to claim 10, wherein: The method of obtaining the real-time discharge current of the lead-acid battery to be evaluated and obtaining the available capacity estimation result of the lead-acid battery to be evaluated according to the first constant coefficient and the second constant coefficient includes: Obtaining a real-time discharge current of the lead-acid battery to be evaluated, and obtaining an estimation result of the available capacity of the lead-acid battery through a fourth expression according to the first constant coefficient and the second constant coefficient; Among them, the fourth expression is: C1=K×I (1-n) , In the fourth expression, C1 represents the estimation result of the available capacity of the lead-acid battery, K represents the second constant coefficient, I represents the real-time discharge current of the lead-acid battery, and n represents the first constant coefficient.

15. The method for maintaining a lead-acid battery according to claim 8 or 9, wherein: The method of obtaining the health status evaluation result of the lead-acid battery to be evaluated comprises the following steps: Obtaining the available capacity of the lead-acid battery to be evaluated by the available capacity estimation method of the lead-acid battery according to any one of claims 10 to 14; Obtaining the real-time battery internal resistance and battery temperature of the lead-acid battery to be evaluated; According to the available capacity, battery internal resistance, and battery temperature of the lead-acid battery to be evaluated, the health of the lead-acid battery to be evaluated is evaluated by using a lead-acid battery health evaluation model to obtain a health status evaluation result of the lead-acid battery to be evaluated.

16. The method for maintaining a lead-acid battery according to claim 15, wherein: The step of obtaining a health status assessment result of the lead-acid battery to be assessed further includes: When the battery internal resistance of the lead-acid battery to be evaluated is a preset first multiple of a preset reference value, and the available capacity is below a preset percentage of the rated capacity, or when the ambient temperature of the lead-acid battery to be evaluated is greater than or equal to a preset first temperature value, the lead-acid battery health evaluation model determines that the health status evaluation result of the lead-acid battery to be evaluated is a potential fault; When the battery internal resistance of the lead-acid battery to be evaluated is a preset second multiple of the preset reference value, or when the battery internal resistance of the lead-acid battery to be evaluated is a preset third multiple of the preset reference value, and the available capacity is below a preset percentage of the rated capacity, the lead-acid battery health evaluation model determines that the health status evaluation result of the lead-acid battery to be evaluated is a general fault; When the battery temperature of the lead-acid battery to be evaluated is greater than or equal to the second preset temperature value, or the battery internal resistance is a preset fourth multiple of the preset reference value, the lead-acid battery health evaluation model determines that the health status evaluation result of the lead-acid battery to be evaluated is a serious fault; Among the preset first multiple, the preset second multiple, the preset third multiple, and the preset fourth multiple, the preset first multiple is the smallest, the preset fourth multiple is the largest, and the preset third multiple is between the preset first multiple and the preset second multiple.

17. An electronic device, comprising a processor and a memory storing a computer program, wherein when the processor executes the computer program, the method for estimating the available capacity of a lead-acid battery as described in any one of 1 to 5 is implemented, or when the processor executes the computer program, the method for assessing the health status of a lead-acid battery as described in claim 6 or 7 is implemented, or when the processor executes the computer program, steps 1-3 of the method for maintaining a lead-acid battery as described in any one of claims 8-16 are implemented.

18. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, wherein the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the method for estimating the available capacity of a lead-acid battery as described in any one of claims 1 to 5, or, when executed by a processor, implements the method for assessing the health status of a lead-acid battery as described in claim 6 or 7, or, when executed by the processor, implements steps 1-3 in the method for maintaining a lead-acid battery as described in any one of claims 8 to 16.

19. A computer program product, comprising a computer program, which can be stored on a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the computer can execute the method for estimating the available capacity of a lead-acid battery as described in any one of claims 1 to 5, or, when the computer program is executed by a processor, the computer can execute the method for assessing the health status of a lead-acid battery as described in claim 6 or 7, or when the processor executes the computer program, it implements steps 1-3 in the method for maintaining a lead-acid battery as described in any one of claims 8-16.

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