Communication method and apparatus, and readable storage medium

Abstract

The present application relates to the field of wireless communications, is applied to an integrated sensing and communication system, and particularly relates to a communication method and apparatus, and a readable storage medium. The method comprises: a communication apparatus generates and send first information, wherein the first information is used for indicating a probability of one or more constellation points of constellation shaping, and the probability of the constellation point of constellation shaping is obtained after joint optimization of communication performance and sensing performance. The present application can simultaneously support communication and sensing, and can improve the sensing performance while taking into account the communication performance.

Description

Communication methods, devices and readable storage media

[0001] This application claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202311387195.5, filed on October 24, 2023, with the China National Intellectual Property Administration, entitled “Communication Method, Apparatus and Readable Storage Medium”, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0002] This application relates to the field of wireless communication technology, and in particular to a communication method, apparatus and readable storage medium. Background Technology

[0003] Both wireless communication and wireless sensing are based on electromagnetic wave theory, and electromagnetic wave signals achieve almost seamless coverage in human activities. At the transmitting end, electromagnetic wave signals are modulated, allowing them to carry source information. During propagation, these signals are affected by the wireless environment; that is, they are "modulated" by the environment, thus also carrying environmental information. At the receiving end, by analyzing the electromagnetic wave signals, not only can the carried source information be obtained, but also sensing information reflecting the characteristics of the propagation environment can be extracted. In other words, electromagnetic wave signals have dual functions of communication and sensing, making integrated communication and sensing possible. Compared to systems where sensing and communication are separate, integrated communication and sensing systems offer many advantages, such as cost savings, reduced equipment size, lower power consumption, improved spectral efficiency, and reduced mutual interference between communication and sensing.

[0004] Integrated sensing and communications (ISAC) can be understood as a new type of information processing and service technology that achieves coordinated communication and sensing functions based on the sharing of hardware and software resources or information; its goal is to support communication and sensing functions simultaneously on the same spectrum and the same device. Wireless fidelity (Wi-Fi) sensing systems are a possible implementation of ISAC systems, as they can utilize widely deployed Wi-Fi devices to simultaneously achieve communication and sensing functions.

[0005] Currently, some have proposed using communication signals for sensing, but existing communication signals have poor sensing performance and cannot meet the sensing requirements.

[0006] Summary of the Invention

[0007] This application provides a communication method, apparatus, and readable storage medium that can support simultaneous communication and sensing, improving sensing performance while maintaining communication performance.

[0008] The present application is described below from different aspects. It should be understood that the different implementation methods and beneficial effects described below can be referenced from each other.

[0009] In a first aspect, this application provides a communication method applied to a first communication device, the method comprising: generating and transmitting first information, the first information being usable to indicate the probability of one or more constellation points (under one or more modulation schemes) of constellation shaping.

[0010] For example, the probabilities of one or more constellation points in the constellation shaping can be obtained by jointly optimizing communication performance and perception performance, as described in the following embodiments, which will not be detailed here.

[0011] For example, the constellation points in this constellation shaping can be constellation points under one modulation scheme, or constellation points under multiple modulation schemes. For example, the waveforms corresponding to the constellation points in this constellation shaping can be used simultaneously for data transmission and sensing measurements.

[0012] The modulation methods involved in this application may include, but are not limited to, quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM). QAM includes two types: uniform constellation and non-uniform constellation (NUC). In this application, QAM with different modulation orders can be understood as different modulation methods. For example, 16QAM and 64QAM can be understood as two different modulation methods.

[0013] Because the probability of constellation points in the M-QAM constellation diagram of existing communication systems is equal (1 / M), existing communication systems only need to indicate the modulation scheme when transmitting data. However, this application considers that the probabilities of constellation points may be unequal after constellation shaping. Therefore, this application uses first information to align the probabilities of each constellation point after constellation shaping, which can support simultaneous communication and sensing, and can improve sensing performance while maintaining communication performance. For a detailed description of the constellation shaping implementation, please refer to the embodiments below.

[0014] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one possible implementation, the probability of one or more constellation points in the aforementioned constellation shaping is predefined or determined based on a predefined probability interval.

[0015] For example, in a modulation scheme, the probabilities of multiple constellation points in constellation shaping can be equal or unequal. If the probabilities of all constellation points in constellation shaping are equal, the aforementioned first information can indicate the probability of one constellation point in constellation shaping, or it can indicate the probabilities of multiple constellation points in constellation shaping (where the probabilities of these multiple constellation points are equal), and this application does not impose any limitation. If there are constellation points in constellation shaping with unequal probabilities, or in other words, at least two constellation points in constellation shaping have unequal probabilities, the aforementioned first information can indicate the probabilities of multiple constellation points in constellation shaping.

[0016] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one possible implementation, the first communication device sending the first information may be: the first communication device sends the first information through a first message. For example, the first communication device sends a first message, which includes the aforementioned first information, and this first message can be used to request the activation of the constellation shaping function.

[0017] For example, the first message may be a frame in a Wi-Fi communication system or signaling in a cellular communication system; this application does not impose any limitations.

[0018] This application enables the constellation shaping function through a single message, which is more compatible with traditional devices (such as devices that do not support simultaneous communication and sensing) and does not sacrifice communication performance when sensing is not needed (such as before enabling the constellation shaping function).

[0019] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one possible implementation, the aforementioned first message further includes second information, which can be used to indicate one or more modulation schemes. Accordingly, the aforementioned first information is specifically used to indicate the probability of one or more constellation points in constellation shaping under these one or more modulation schemes.

[0020] This application can indicate the probability of one or more constellation points in constellation shaping under multiple modulation schemes through a single message, so that the appropriate modulation scheme and the probability of one or more constellation points in constellation shaping under that modulation scheme can be selected according to changes in the channel environment, which is beneficial to improving communication performance and sensing performance.

[0021] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one possible implementation, the aforementioned first message further includes one or more of the following: third information, fourth information, or fifth information. The third information is used to indicate the activation of the constellation shaping function. The fourth information is used to indicate the duration for which the constellation shaping function is activated. It is understood that the constellation shaping function can be automatically deactivated after the duration expires. The fifth information is used to indicate the number of physical layer protocol data units (PPDUs) using the constellation shaping function. It is understood that the constellation shaping function can be automatically deactivated after the same number of PPDUs have been sent.

[0022] This application can automatically shut down the constellation shaping function by carrying the duration or number of PPDUs in the first message. After the duration expires or the same number of PPDUs are sent, the constellation shaping function can be shut down automatically without sending additional signaling, thus saving air interface resources.

[0023] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one possible implementation, before the first communication device sends the first information, the method further includes: the first communication device sending a first message, which is used to request the activation of the constellation shaping function. In other words, the message carrying the first information is different from the first message.

[0024] This application enables the constellation shaping function through a single message, which is more compatible with traditional devices (such as devices that do not support simultaneous communication and sensing) and does not sacrifice communication performance when sensing is not needed (such as before enabling the constellation shaping function).

[0025] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one possible implementation, after the first communication device sends the first message, the method further includes: the first communication device receiving a second message, the second message including sixth information, the sixth information being used to indicate whether the second communication device agrees to enable the constellation shaping function.

[0026] For example, the second message can be a frame in a Wi-Fi communication system or signaling in a cellular communication system; this application does not impose any limitations. It is understood that if the first message is a frame in a Wi-Fi communication system, then the second message is also a frame in a Wi-Fi communication system. Similarly, if the first message is signaling in a cellular communication system, then the second message is also signaling in a cellular communication system.

[0027] For example, the first message is a sensing measurement request frame, and the second message is a sensing measurement response frame.

[0028] In the event that the first communication device requests to enable the constellation shaping function, this application provides a message to indicate whether the other end agrees to enable the constellation shaping function, thus achieving flexibility.

[0029] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one possible implementation, after the first communication device sends the first message, the method further includes: the first communication device sending or receiving a third message, the third message being used to disable the constellation shaping function.

[0030] For example, the third message can be a frame in a Wi-Fi communication system or signaling in a cellular communication system; this application does not impose any limitations. It is understood that if the first message is a frame in a Wi-Fi communication system, then the third message is also a frame in a Wi-Fi communication system. Similarly, if the first message is signaling in a cellular communication system, then the third message is also signaling in a cellular communication system.

[0031] For example, the first message is a perception measurement request frame, the second message is a perception measurement response frame, and the third message is a perception measurement session termination frame.

[0032] After enabling the constellation shaping function, this application allows the constellation shaping function to be disabled via a single message. This can be done without the user's awareness (e.g., after disabling the constellation shaping function) without sacrificing communication performance and improving communication quality.

[0033] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one possible implementation, after the first communication device sends the first information, the method further includes: the first communication device sending or receiving a fourth message, wherein when the modulation scheme used by the fourth message is the first modulation scheme, it indicates that the fourth message has undergone constellation shaping. The first modulation scheme can be QAM of various modulation orders.

[0034] For example, the fourth message could be a PPDU, which uses the first modulation scheme. The physical layer payload of this PPDU could include modulation symbols of the bit stream after constellation shaping according to the probabilities of one or more constellation points under the first modulation scheme indicated by the first information. It is understood that the physical layer header (PHY header) of this PPDU includes a modulation and coding scheme (MCS), which can indicate the modulation scheme and rate used by the PPDU.

[0035] This application implicitly indicates whether the PPDU has undergone constellation shaping by using the modulation method of the PPDU, without requiring additional indication information, and can complete data transmission without affecting devices that only support communication.

[0036] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one possible implementation, after the first communication device sends the first information, the method further includes: the first communication device sending or receiving a fourth message, the fourth message including indication information that can be used to indicate whether the fourth message has undergone constellation shaping.

[0037] For example, the fourth message could be a PPDU, indicating that the PPDU has undergone constellation shaping and that the modulation scheme used by the PPDU is the first modulation scheme. The physical layer payload of the PPDU could then include the modulation symbols of the bit stream after constellation shaping according to the probability of one or more constellation points under the first modulation scheme indicated by the first information. It is understood that the physical layer header (PHY Header) of the PPDU includes an MCS, which can indicate the modulation scheme and rate used by the PPDU.

[0038] This application carries indication information in the PPDU to indicate whether the PPDU has undergone constellation shaping, and the meaning is clear.

[0039] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one possible implementation, after the first communication device sends the first information, the method further includes: the first communication device sending or receiving a fourth message on a specific resource, wherein when the modulation scheme used by the fourth message is the first modulation scheme, it indicates that the fourth message has undergone constellation shaping. The first modulation scheme can be QAM of various modulation orders. The specific resource can be indicated by its time-frequency location and / or antenna port.

[0040] For example, the fourth message may refer to a signal, control channel, or data channel. The modulation scheme of the fourth message is the first modulation scheme. Then, the fourth message may include modulation symbols of the bit stream after constellation shaping according to the probabilities of one or more constellation points under the first modulation scheme indicated by the first information.

[0041] This application enables simultaneous cellular communication and sensing by sending or receiving a fourth message on a specific resource to indicate that the fourth message has undergone constellation shaping.

[0042] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one possible implementation, the aforementioned first information may be located in the physical layer header of the PPDU, whereby the first information may be used to indicate the probability of one or more constellation points for constellation shaping by the PPDU.

[0043] For example, the physical layer header of the PPDU also includes a seventh piece of information, which is a first value used to indicate that the PPDU has undergone constellation shaping.

[0044] This application provides another implementation method, which uses the PHY Header of the PPDU to interact with whether the PPDU has undergone probability shaping and the probability of one or more constellation points of the PPDU undergoing constellation shaping.

[0045] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one possible implementation, the probabilities of constellation points in the aforementioned constellation shaping can be represented by an index. For example, an index corresponds to the probabilities of a set of constellation points in constellation shaping. The aforementioned first information includes a constellation shaping pattern index, where one constellation shaping pattern index corresponds to the probabilities of a set of constellation points in constellation shaping.

[0046] As another example, an index can also correspond to the probabilities of one or more constellation points in constellation shaping. The aforementioned first information includes a constellation shaping pattern index, which, along with the modulation scheme used by the PPDU, can be used to determine the probabilities of one or more constellation points for constellation shaping by the PPDU. A constellation shaping pattern index corresponds to the probabilities of one or more constellation points in constellation shaping.

[0047] This application uses an index to represent the probability of constellation points in constellation shaping, which can save the number of bits for the indicator.

[0048] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one possible implementation, the aforementioned PPDU can be a single-user PPDU. In this case, the aforementioned first information (such as the index value) can be located in any of the following fields of the PHY Header: Universal Signaling (U-SIG) field, High Efficient Signaling A / High Efficient Signaling B (HE-SIG-A / HE-SIG-B) field, Extremely High Throughput Signaling (EHT-SIG) field, or the future Ultra High Reliability Signaling (UHR-SIG) field.

[0049] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one possible implementation, the aforementioned PPDU can be any PPDU among multi-user PPDUs. In this case, it may be necessary to have first information for each user interaction. This first information can be used to index the probabilities of one or more constellation points for constellation shaping of a user's PPDU. For example, assuming the aforementioned PPDU is an EHT PPDU, if multiple users' constellation shaping uses the same constellation point probability distribution, the first information (such as the constellation shaping pattern index) can be placed in the common field of the EHT-SIG. If multiple users' constellation shaping uses different constellation point probability distributions, then each user's first information (such as the constellation shaping pattern index) can be placed in the user-specific field of their respective EHT-SIG.

[0050] This application designs the location of the first information for both single-user data transmission and multi-user data transmission, making it applicable to both scenarios.

[0051] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one possible implementation, if different MCSs are used on different spatial streams (mainly considering the different modulation schemes within the MCSs), then different constellation point probability distributions for constellation shaping may also be used for different spatial streams. Therefore, the aforementioned first information can be used to indicate the probability of one or more constellation points for constellation shaping on each spatial stream using the aforementioned PPDU.

[0052] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one possible implementation, if different MCSs are used on different resource units (RUs) (mainly considering the different modulation schemes within the MCSs), then different constellation point probability distributions for constellation shaping may also be used for different RUs. Therefore, the aforementioned first information can be used to indicate the probability of one or more constellation points for constellation shaping on each RU of the aforementioned PPDU.

[0053] This application considers using different constellation shaping for different spatial flows or different resource units, which allows for flexible implementation.

[0054] Secondly, this application provides a communication method applied to a second communication device, the method comprising: receiving and processing first information, the first information being usable for indicating the probability of one or more constellation points (under one or more modulation schemes) of constellation shaping.

[0055] For example, the probabilities of one or more constellation points in the constellation shaping can be obtained by jointly optimizing communication performance and perception performance, as described in the following embodiments, which will not be detailed here.

[0056] For example, the constellation points in this constellation shaping can be constellation points under one modulation scheme, or constellation points under multiple modulation schemes. For example, the waveforms corresponding to the constellation points in this constellation shaping can be used simultaneously for data transmission and sensing measurements.

[0057] In conjunction with the second aspect, in one possible implementation, the probability of one or more constellation points in the aforementioned constellation shaping is predefined or determined based on a predefined probability interval.

[0058] For example, in a modulation scheme, the probabilities of multiple constellation points in constellation shaping can be equal or unequal. If the probabilities of all constellation points in constellation shaping are equal, the aforementioned first information can indicate the probability of one constellation point in constellation shaping, or it can indicate the probabilities of multiple constellation points in constellation shaping (where the probabilities of these multiple constellation points are equal), and this application does not impose any limitation. If there are constellation points in constellation shaping with unequal probabilities, or in other words, at least two constellation points in constellation shaping have unequal probabilities, the aforementioned first information can indicate the probabilities of multiple constellation points in constellation shaping.

[0059] In conjunction with the second aspect, in one possible implementation, the second communication device receiving the first information may be achieved by the second communication device receiving the first information via a first message. For example, the second communication device receives a first message that includes the aforementioned first information, and this first message can be used to request the activation of the constellation shaping function.

[0060] For example, the first message may be a frame in a Wi-Fi communication system or signaling in a cellular communication system; this application does not impose any limitations.

[0061] In conjunction with the second aspect, in one possible implementation, the aforementioned first message further includes second information, which can be used to indicate one or more modulation schemes. Accordingly, the aforementioned first information is specifically used to indicate the probability of one or more constellation points in constellation shaping under these one or more modulation schemes.

[0062] In conjunction with the second aspect, in one possible implementation, the aforementioned first message further includes one or more of the following: a third message, a fourth message, or a fifth message. The third message indicates the activation of the constellation shaping function. The fourth message indicates the duration for which the constellation shaping function is activated. It is understood that the constellation shaping function can automatically deactivate after the duration expires. The fifth message indicates the number of PPDUs used for the constellation shaping function. It is understood that the constellation shaping function can automatically deactivate after the same number of PPDUs have been sent.

[0063] In conjunction with the second aspect, in one possible implementation, before the second communication device receives the first information, the method further includes: the second communication device receiving a first message, which is used to request the activation of the constellation shaping function. In other words, the message carrying the first information is different from the first message.

[0064] In conjunction with the second aspect, in one possible implementation, after the second communication device receives the first message, the method further includes: the second communication device sending a second message, the second message including sixth information, the sixth information being used to indicate whether the second communication device agrees to enable the constellation shaping function.

[0065] For example, the second message can be a frame in a Wi-Fi communication system or signaling in a cellular communication system; this application does not impose any limitations. It is understood that if the first message is a frame in a Wi-Fi communication system, then the second message is also a frame in a Wi-Fi communication system. Similarly, if the first message is signaling in a cellular communication system, then the second message is also signaling in a cellular communication system.

[0066] For example, the first message is a sensing measurement request frame, and the second message is a sensing measurement response frame.

[0067] In conjunction with the second aspect, in one possible implementation, after the second communication device receives the first message, the method further includes: the second communication device receiving or sending a third message, the third message being used to disable the constellation shaping function.

[0068] For example, the third message can be a frame in a Wi-Fi communication system or signaling in a cellular communication system; this application does not impose any limitations. It is understood that if the first message is a frame in a Wi-Fi communication system, then the third message is also a frame in a Wi-Fi communication system. Similarly, if the first message is signaling in a cellular communication system, then the third message is also signaling in a cellular communication system.

[0069] For example, the first message is a perception measurement request frame, the second message is a perception measurement response frame, and the third message is a perception measurement session termination frame.

[0070] In conjunction with the second aspect, in one possible implementation, after the second communication device receives the first information, the method further includes: the second communication device receiving or sending a fourth message, wherein when the modulation scheme used by the fourth message is the first modulation scheme, it indicates that the fourth message has undergone constellation shaping. The first modulation scheme can be QAM of various modulation orders.

[0071] For example, the fourth message could be a PPDU, which uses the first modulation scheme. The physical layer payload of this PPDU could include modulation symbols of the bit stream after constellation shaping according to the probability of one or more constellation points under the first modulation scheme indicated by the first information. It is understood that the physical layer header (PHY header) of this PPDU includes an MCS, which can indicate the modulation scheme and rate used by the PPDU.

[0072] In conjunction with the second aspect, in one possible implementation, after the second communication device receives the first information, the method further includes: the second communication device receiving or sending a fourth message, the fourth message including indication information that can be used to indicate whether the fourth message has undergone constellation shaping.

[0073] For example, the fourth message could be a PPDU, indicating that the PPDU has undergone constellation shaping and that the modulation scheme used by the PPDU is the first modulation scheme. The physical layer payload of the PPDU could then include the modulation symbols of the bit stream after constellation shaping according to the probability of one or more constellation points under the first modulation scheme indicated by the first information. It is understood that the physical layer header (PHY Header) of the PPDU includes an MCS, which can indicate the modulation scheme and rate used by the PPDU.

[0074] In conjunction with the second aspect, in one possible implementation, after the second communication device receives the first information, the method further includes: the second communication device receiving or transmitting a fourth message on a specific resource, wherein when the modulation scheme used by the fourth message is the first modulation scheme, it indicates that the fourth message has undergone constellation shaping. The first modulation scheme can be QAM of various modulation orders. The specific resource can be indicated by its time-frequency location and / or antenna port.

[0075] For example, the fourth message may refer to a signal, control channel, or data channel. The modulation scheme of the fourth message is the first modulation scheme. Then, the fourth message may include modulation symbols of the bit stream after constellation shaping according to the probabilities of one or more constellation points under the first modulation scheme indicated by the first information.

[0076] In conjunction with the second aspect, in one possible implementation, the aforementioned first information can be located in the physical layer header of the PPDU, whereby the first information can be used to indicate the probability of one or more constellation points for constellation shaping by the PPDU.

[0077] For example, the physical layer header of the PPDU also includes a seventh piece of information, which is a first value used to indicate that the PPDU has undergone constellation shaping.

[0078] In conjunction with the second aspect, in one possible implementation, the probabilities of constellation points in the aforementioned constellation shaping can be represented by an index. For example, an index corresponds to a set of probabilities of constellation points in constellation shaping. The aforementioned first information includes a constellation shaping pattern index, where one constellation shaping pattern index corresponds to a set of probabilities of constellation points in constellation shaping.

[0079] As another example, an index can also correspond to the probabilities of one or more constellation points in constellation shaping. The aforementioned first information includes a constellation shaping pattern index, which, along with the modulation scheme used by the PPDU, can be used to determine the probabilities of one or more constellation points for constellation shaping by the PPDU. A constellation shaping pattern index corresponds to the probabilities of one or more constellation points in constellation shaping.

[0080] In conjunction with the second aspect, in one possible implementation, the aforementioned PPDU can be a single-user PPDU. In this case, the aforementioned first information (such as the index value) can be located in any of the following fields of the PHY Header: the U-SIG field, the HE-SIG-A / HE-SIG-B field, the EHT-SIG field, or the future UHR-SIG field.

[0081] In conjunction with the second aspect, in one possible implementation, the aforementioned PPDU can be any PPDU among multi-user PPDUs. In this case, it may be necessary to have first information for each user interaction. This first information can be used to index the probabilities of one or more constellation points for constellation shaping of a user's PPDU. For example, assuming the aforementioned PPDU is an EHT PPDU, if multiple users' constellation shaping uses the same constellation point probability distribution, the first information (such as the constellation shaping pattern index) can be placed in the common field of the EHT-SIG. If multiple users' constellation shaping uses different constellation point probability distributions, then each user's first information (such as the constellation shaping pattern index) can be placed in the user-specific field of their respective EHT-SIG.

[0082] In conjunction with the second aspect, in one possible implementation, if different MCSs are used on different spatial streams (mainly considering the different modulation schemes within the MCSs), then different constellation point probability distributions for constellation shaping may also be used for different spatial streams. Therefore, the aforementioned first information can be used to indicate the probability of one or more constellation points for constellation shaping on each spatial stream using the aforementioned PPDU.

[0083] In conjunction with the second aspect, in one possible implementation, if different MCSs are used on different resource units (RUs) (mainly considering the different modulation schemes in the MCSs), then different constellation point probability distributions for constellation shaping may also be used for different RUs. Therefore, the aforementioned first information can be used to indicate the probability of one or more constellation points for constellation shaping on each RU by the aforementioned PPDU.

[0084] Thirdly, this application provides a communication device for performing the method in the first aspect or any possible implementation thereof. The communication device includes units for performing the method in the first aspect or any possible implementation thereof.

[0085] Fourthly, this application provides a communication device for performing the method in the second aspect or any possible implementation thereof. The communication device includes units for performing the method in the second aspect or any possible implementation thereof.

[0086] In the third or fourth aspect, the aforementioned communication device may include a transceiver unit and a processing unit. Further details regarding the transceiver unit and processing unit can be found in the device embodiments shown below. The beneficial effects of the third and fourth aspects described above can be referenced in the relevant descriptions of the first and second aspects, and will not be repeated here.

[0087] Fifthly, this application provides a communication device including a processor for executing the methods shown in any possible implementation of the first aspect, the second aspect, or any of the above-described aspects. Alternatively, the processor is configured to execute a program stored in a memory, wherein when the program is executed, the methods shown in any possible implementation of the first aspect, the second aspect, or any of the above-described aspects are executed.

[0088] In conjunction with the fifth aspect, in one possible implementation, the memory is located outside the aforementioned communication device.

[0089] In conjunction with the fifth aspect, in one possible implementation, the memory is located within the aforementioned communication device.

[0090] In this application, the processor and memory can also be integrated into a single device, that is, the processor and memory can be integrated together.

[0091] In conjunction with the fifth aspect, in one possible implementation, the communication device further includes a transceiver for sending or receiving the first information.

[0092] Sixthly, this application provides a communication device that may include a processor and an interface circuit connected together. The interface circuit is used for exchanging (or sending / receiving or inputting / outputting) information or data, and the processor is used to execute program instructions that cause the communication device to perform the methods described in the first aspect, the second aspect, or any possible implementation thereof. The interface circuit may be a communication interface or a transceiver. The transceiver may be a radio frequency module in the communication device, or a combination of a radio frequency module and an antenna, or an input / output interface of a chip or circuit.

[0093] In a seventh aspect, this application provides a readable storage medium storing program instructions that, when run on a computer, cause the computer to perform the method described in the first aspect, or the second aspect, or any possible implementation thereof.

[0094] Eighthly, this application provides a program product containing program instructions that, when run, cause the method described in any possible implementation of the first aspect, or the second aspect, or any of the aspects to be executed.

[0095] Ninthly, this application provides an apparatus, which can be implemented as a chip or as a device, including a processor. The processor is used to read and execute a program stored in a memory to execute one or more of the first and second aspects described above, or one or more of the communication methods provided in any possible implementation of any of the aspects. Optionally, the apparatus further includes a memory connected to the processor via a circuit. Further optionally, the apparatus includes a communication interface to which the processor is connected. The communication interface is used to receive information to be processed, the processor obtains the information from the communication interface, processes the information, and outputs the processing result through the communication interface. The communication interface can be an input / output interface.

[0096] In one possible implementation, the processor and memory can be physically independent units, or the memory can be integrated with the processor.

[0097] In a tenth aspect, this application provides a wireless communication system, which includes a first communication device and / or a second communication device; the first communication device is used to perform the method described in the first aspect or any possible implementation of the first aspect, and the second communication device is used to perform the method described in the second aspect or any possible implementation of the second aspect.

[0098] The technical effects achieved in the above aspects can be referred to each other or to the beneficial effects in the method embodiments shown below, which will not be repeated here. Attached Figure Description

[0099] Figure 1 is a simplified schematic diagram of the communication system provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0100] Figure 2 is a simplified schematic diagram of a wireless local area network system provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0101] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a possible architecture of the integrated communication and sensing system provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0102] Figure 4a is a simplified flowchart of the signal processing at the transmitting end provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0103] Figure 4b is a simplified flowchart of the receiver signal processing provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0104] Figure 5 is a flowchart illustrating a possible constellation shaping method provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0105] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the value range of the constellation point probability interval provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0106] Figure 7 is a constellation diagram of 16QAM and 64QAM with optimal communication performance provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0107] Figure 8 is a possible schematic diagram of 16QAM constellation shaping provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0108] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of CCDM encoding provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0109] Figure 10 shows the desired constellation diagram and the constellation diagram obtained after constellation shaping, provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0110] Figure 11 is a flowchart illustrating another possible constellation shaping method provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0111] Figure 12 is another possible schematic diagram of 16QAM constellation shaping provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0112] Figure 13 shows the desired 16QAM constellation diagram and the 16QAM constellation diagram obtained by constellation shaping according to the embodiments of this application;

[0113] Figure 14 is a simplified flowchart of a constellation shaping method provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0114] Figure 15 is a flowchart illustrating a communication method provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0115] Figure 16 is a schematic diagram of the frame format of the constellation shaping request frame provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0116] Figure 17 is a schematic diagram of the frame format of the constellation shaping response frame provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0117] Figure 18 is another flowchart illustrating the communication method provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0118] Figure 19 is a schematic diagram of a communication device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0119] Figure 20 is another structural schematic diagram of the communication device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0120] Figure 21 is another structural schematic diagram of the communication device provided in the embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0121] The technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0122] In the description of this application, terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish different objects, not to describe a specific order. Furthermore, unless otherwise stated, " / " means "or," for example, A / B can mean A or B. "And / or" in this document is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A alone, A and B simultaneously, and B alone. Additionally, "at least one" refers to one or more, and "multiple" refers to two or more. "One or more of the following" or similar expressions refer to any combination of these items, including any combination of single or multiple items. For example, at least one of a, b, or c can represent: a, b, c; a and b; a and c; b and c; or a and b and c. Where a, b, and c can be single or multiple.

[0123] The terms “comprising” and “having”, and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that includes a series of steps or units is not limited to the steps or units listed, but may optionally include steps or units not listed, or may optionally include other steps or units inherent to such process, method, product, or apparatus.

[0124] In this application, the words "exemplary" or "for example" are used to indicate that something is an example, illustration, or illustration. Any embodiment or design described as "exemplary," "for example," or "for example" in this application should not be construed as being more preferred or advantageous than other embodiments or designs. Rather, the use of the words "exemplary," "for example," or "for example" is intended to present the relevant concepts in a specific manner.

[0125] It is understood that in this application, "when," "if," and "if" all refer to the device performing a corresponding action under certain objective circumstances, and are not time-limited, nor do they require the device to perform a judgment action when it is implemented, nor do they imply any other limitations. The device performing a corresponding action under certain objective circumstances includes: satisfying the objective circumstances, i.e., being able to perform the corresponding action; or satisfying both the objective circumstances and other circumstances, in order to perform the corresponding action.

[0126] In this application, "simultaneous" can be understood as "parallel", or at the same point in time, or within a period of time, or within the same cycle. The specific meaning can be understood in conjunction with the context.

[0127] In this application, the use of singular designations for elements is intended to represent "one or more" rather than "one and only one," unless otherwise specified.

[0128] It is understood that in the embodiments of this application, "B corresponding to A", "A and B correspond" or similar expressions indicate that B is associated with A, and B can be determined based on A. Determining B based on A does not mean that B is determined solely based on A; B can also be determined based on A and / or other information.

[0129] The technical solutions of this application embodiment can be applied to various wireless communication systems that can simultaneously support both communication and sensing functions. Examples include: wireless local area network (WLAN) systems using the 802.11 series protocols; long term evolution (LTE) systems; 5th generation (5G) systems, such as new radio access technology (NR); networks integrating multiple systems; IoT systems; vehicle-to-everything (V2X) systems; open-radio access network (O-RAN) systems; and future communication systems, such as 6th generation (6G) systems. The 802.11 series protocols include, but are not limited to: 802.11ax, 802.11be, Wi-Fi 7 or next-generation protocols such as Wi-Fi 8, ultra-high reliability (UHR), 802.11bn, Wi-Fi AI, or millimeter wave, etc., which are not listed here. Here, supporting sensing functionality can be understood as supporting, but is not limited to, one or more of the following sensing protocols: the 802.11bf protocol, or the next-generation sensing protocol of the 802.11bf protocol, or a future generation of WLAN sensing protocol, etc.

[0130] In one possible implementation, the communication system includes communication devices that can wirelessly communicate with each other using air interface resources. These communication devices may include network devices and terminal devices; the network devices may also be called base station devices, access network devices, or access point (AP) devices. Air interface resources may include at least one of time-domain resources, frequency-domain resources, code resources, and spatial resources. In this application, "at least one" may also be described as one or more, and "multiple" may be two, three, four, or more; this application does not impose any limitations.

[0131] It should be understood that the system architecture and application scenarios described in the embodiments of this application are for the purpose of more clearly illustrating the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, and do not constitute a limitation on the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of this application. As those skilled in the art will know, as the system architecture or application scenarios evolve, the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of this application are also applicable to similar technical problems.

[0132] Referring to Figure 1, which is a simplified schematic diagram of a communication system provided in an embodiment of this application, the communication system includes a wireless access network 100. The wireless access network 100 can be a next-generation (e.g., 6G or higher) wireless access network or a traditional (e.g., 5G, 4G, 3G, or 2G) wireless access network. One or more terminal devices (120a-120j, collectively referred to as 120) can be interconnected or connected to one or more network devices (110a, 110b, collectively referred to as 110) within the wireless access network 100. It is understood that Figure 1 is only a schematic diagram, and the communication system may also include other devices, such as core network devices, wireless relay devices, and / or wireless backhaul devices, which are not shown in Figure 1.

[0133] In practical applications, this communication system can include multiple network devices (also known as access network devices or AP devices) and multiple terminal devices simultaneously. One network device can serve one or more terminal devices simultaneously. A terminal device can also access one or more network devices simultaneously. This application embodiment does not limit the number of terminal devices and network devices included in the communication system.

[0134] Network equipment can be an entity on the network side used to transmit or receive signals, such as a base station (BS). A BS can be a device deployed in a radio access network that can wirelessly communicate with terminals. Base stations can take many forms, such as macro base stations, micro base stations, relay stations, and access points (APs). For example, the base station involved in the embodiments of this application can be a base station in 5G, a base station in a 6th generation (6G) mobile communication system, an access network device or module of an access network device in an open radio access network (O-RAN) system, a base station in a future mobile communication system or an access node in a Wi-Fi system, or an evolved node B (eNB) in LTE, etc. Among them, a base station in 5G can also be called a transmission reception point (TRP) or a 5G base station (next-generation node B, gNB). Base stations can also be replaced by the following names, such as: wireless access point, node B, transmitting point (TP), master MeNB, auxiliary SeNB, multi-standard radio (MSR) node, home base station, network controller, access node, wireless node, access point (AP), transmission node, transceiver node, baseband unit (BBU), remote radio unit (RRU), active antenna unit (AAU), remote radio head (RRH), centralized unit (CU), distributed unit (DU), location node, IAB donor, etc.

[0135] The network device in this application embodiment can be an integrated base station, or a base station including a centralized unit (CU) and / or a distributed unit (DU). A base station including CU and DU can also be called a base station with separate CU and DU, such as a base station including gNB-CU and gNB-DU. The CU can also be separated into a CU control plane (CU-CP) and a CU user plane (CU-UP), such as a base station including gNB-CU-CP, gNB-CU-UP, and gNB-DU. Alternatively, the network device in this application embodiment can also be a radio unit (RU). Furthermore, the network device in this application embodiment can also be an Open Radio Access Network (O-RAN) architecture, etc. This application embodiment does not limit the specific deployment method of the network device. For example, when the network device is an O-RAN architecture, the network device shown in this application embodiment can be an access network device in O-RAN, such as a combination of one or more of CU, DU, or RU, or a module in the access network device, etc. In the ORAN system, CU can also be called open (O)-CU, CU-CP can also be called O-CU-CP, CU-UP can also be called O-CU-UP, DU can also be called O-DU, and RU can also be called O-RU.

[0136] In the embodiments of this application, the apparatus for implementing the functions of the network device can be the network device itself; it can also be an apparatus capable of supporting the network device in implementing the functions, such as a chip system, a communication module, or a modem, etc., which can be installed in the network device. The network device can support networks with the same or different access technologies. The embodiments of this application do not limit the specific technology or specific device form used in the network device.

[0137] Terminal equipment, also known as terminal, user equipment (UE), mobile station (MS), mobile terminal (MT), non-access point station (non-AP STA), etc., can be a device with wireless transceiver capabilities. It can be deployed on land, including indoors or outdoors, handheld or vehicle-mounted; on water (such as on ships); or in the air (e.g., on airplanes, balloons, and satellites). Terminal equipment can be used to connect people, objects, and machines. Terminal device 120 can be widely used in various scenarios, such as cellular communication, WLAN communication, device-to-device (D2D), vehicle-to-everything (V2X), peer-to-peer (P2P), machine-to-machine (M2M), machine-type communication (MTC), Internet of Things (IoT), virtual reality (VR), augmented reality (AR), industrial control, autonomous driving, telemedicine, smart grid, smart furniture, smart office, smart wearables, smart transportation, smart city, smart home, drones, robots, remote sensing, passive sensing, positioning, navigation and tracking, autonomous delivery and mobility, etc.

[0138] In this application's embodiments, the device used to implement the terminal's functions can be a terminal itself; it can also be a device capable of supporting the terminal in implementing those functions, such as a chip system, a communication module, or a modem, etc., which can be installed in the terminal. In this application's embodiments, the chip system can be composed of chips, or it can include chips and other discrete devices. The embodiments of this application do not limit the specific technology or device form used in the terminal device.

[0139] It is understood that when the network device is an access point (as shown in Figure 1, 110b) and the terminal device is a non-access point site (as shown in Figure 1, 120f or 120g), the network formed by the network device and the terminal device can be a wireless local area network (WLAN). In other words, the communication system shown in Figure 1 can include, but is not limited to, WLAN.

[0140] For example, referring to Figure 2, which is a simplified schematic diagram of a wireless local area network system provided in an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 2, the WLAN system includes one or more access points (APs) and one or more non-AP STAs (non-AP STA1 and non-AP STA2 in Figure 2). The APs can communicate and sense with one or more non-AP STAs, and multiple non-AP STAs can also communicate and sense each other.

[0141] It is understood that Figure 2 uses a mobile phone as a non-AP STA and a router as an example, and does not imply a limitation on the types of APs and non-AP STAs in the embodiments of this application. Furthermore, Figure 2 only exemplarily shows one AP and two non-AP STAs, but the number of APs or non-AP STAs in a WLAN system can be more or less, and the embodiments of this application do not limit this.

[0142] In one possible implementation, both the non-AP STA and AP can simultaneously support WLAN communication protocols and WLAN sensing protocols. The WLAN communication protocols include, but are not limited to: 802.11ax, 802.11be, Wi-Fi 7 or next-generation protocols such as Wi-Fi 8, Ultra High Reliability (UHR), 802.11bn, Wi-Fi AI, or millimeter wave, etc. The WLAN sensing protocols include, but are not limited to: 802.11bf, or next-generation sensing protocols of 802.11bf, or future generations of WLAN sensing protocols, etc.

[0143] WLAN systems can provide high-speed, low-latency transmission. As WLAN application scenarios continue to evolve, WLAN systems will be applied to more scenarios or industries, such as the Internet of Things industry, the Internet of Vehicles industry, the banking industry, enterprise offices, stadiums and exhibition halls, concert halls, hotel rooms, dormitories, hospital wards, classrooms, shopping malls, squares, streets, production workshops and warehouses, etc. Of course, devices supporting WLAN communication (such as access points or sites) can be sensor nodes in smart cities (e.g., smart water meters, smart electricity meters, smart air quality monitoring nodes), smart devices in smart homes (e.g., smart cameras, projectors, displays, televisions, speakers, refrigerators, washing machines, etc.), nodes in the Internet of Things (IoT), entertainment terminals (e.g., augmented reality (AR), virtual reality (VR), and other wearable devices), smart devices in smart offices (e.g., printers, projectors, loudspeakers, speakers, etc.), vehicle-to-everything (V2X) devices, infrastructure in daily life scenarios (e.g., vending machines, supermarket self-service navigation kiosks, self-checkout machines, self-ordering machines, etc.), and equipment in large sports and music venues, etc. The specific forms of sites and access points in this application embodiment are not limited; they are merely illustrative examples.

[0144] It is understood that although this application primarily uses a network deploying the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11 standard as an example, those skilled in the art will readily understand that the various aspects covered in this application can be extended to other networks employing various standards or protocols, such as Bluetooth, high-performance radio LAN (HIPERLAN) (a wireless standard similar to IEEE 802.11, primarily used in Europe), wide area networks (WANs), wireless local area networks (WLANs), personal area networks (PANs), or other networks now known or to be developed in the future. Therefore, regardless of the coverage area and wireless access protocol used, the various aspects provided in this application can be applied to any suitable wireless network.

[0145] In some embodiments, the AP in the WLAN system shown in Figure 2 above can be replaced by an access point multi-link device (AP MLD), and the non-AP STA can be replaced by a non-AP multi-link device (non-AP MLD). That is, the technical solution provided in this application embodiment can also be applied to scenarios where multi-link devices (MLDs) communicate with each other. A multi-link device is a wireless communication device that supports parallel transmission across multiple links. Compared to devices that only support single-link transmission, multi-link devices have higher transmission efficiency and higher throughput. A multi-link device includes one or more affiliated STAs. An affiliated STA is a logical station that can operate on a single link. The affiliated station can be an access point (AP) or a non-access point station (non-AP STA). A multi-link device whose affiliated station is an AP can be called an AP MLD, and a multi-link device whose affiliated station is a non-AP STA can be called a non-AP MLD.

[0146] In one possible implementation, the multi-link device (which can be either a non-AP MLD or an AP MLD) involved in the embodiments of this application is a device with wireless communication function. This device can be a complete device or a chip or processing system installed in the complete device. The device with these chips or processing systems installed can implement the methods and functions of the embodiments of this application under the control of these chips or processing systems.

[0147] It is understandable that electromagnetic wave signals possess both communication and sensing functions, making Integrated Communication and Sensing (ISAC) possible. Currently, some have proposed utilizing communication signals for sensing. One possible implementation, with a system architecture for sensing using communication signals, is shown in Figure 3. Figure 3 illustrates a possible architecture diagram of an integrated communication and sensing system. As shown in Figure 3, in this system, communication and sensing can share the same transmitter in terms of hardware and signal processing modules. The transmitted signal can serve both as a communication signal to transmit information and as a detection signal to sense targets. Specifically, it utilizes orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) communication waveforms as sensing signals, and designs sensing algorithms at the sensing receiver to estimate information such as the target's distance and velocity.

[0148] Specifically, at the transmitting end shown in Figure 3, the binary bit data is divided into multiple parallel streams after serial-to-parallel conversion and mapped onto phase shift keying (PSK) symbols, thereby generating the modulation symbol sequence d. Tx The modulation symbol sequence d Tx After undergoing inverse fast fourier transform (IFFT) and parallel-to-serial conversion, the signal is converted from digital to analog (D / A) to an analog signal x(t), which is then mixed with the local oscillator (LO) signal and transmitted at the carrier frequency. At the receiver shown in Figure 3, the received modulation symbol d... Rx It is recovered from the received baseband signal y(t) through a fast fourier transform (FFT) operation.

[0149] The perception processing of the target's speed and distance includes, but is not limited to, the following three steps: First, through channel estimation... The transmitted information is removed from the received information symbols. As an optional step, a window function can be applied along both dimensions (rows and columns) of the matrix to D. div This is to reduce the sidelobe levels introduced by the Fourier transform in subsequent steps. Then, D is calculated. div The discrete Fourier transform of each row in the matrix is ​​calculated. Finally, based on each column of the matrix generated by the discrete Fourier transform in the previous step, its inverse discrete Fourier transform is calculated. The resulting matrix can represent the range and two-dimensional radar image in Doppler.

[0150] It is understandable that the transmitted signal shown in Figure 3 uses PSK modulation. Because PSK modulation is constant envelope (or constant modulus), the ambiguity function (or autocorrelation function) of the PSK modulated waveform has small sidelobes, resulting in good sensing performance. However, existing communication systems typically use quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) to improve transmission rate and communication performance. Since QAM waveforms are non-constant envelope (or non-constant modulus), their ambiguity function (or autocorrelation function) has high sidelobes. The ambiguity function (or autocorrelation function) reflects the sensing system's ability to distinguish targets. Therefore, high sidelobes in the ambiguity function (or autocorrelation function) will affect target detection performance, leading to poor sensing performance.

[0151] In view of this, this application provides a communication method, apparatus, and readable storage medium to address the problem of high sidelobes in the ambiguity function (or autocorrelation function) and poor sensing performance of existing non-constant mode modulation (such as QAM) communication signals. By reducing the sidelobes in the ambiguity function (or autocorrelation function) of non-constant mode modulation (such as QAM) communication signals, it can not only support simultaneous communication and sensing (or support integrated communication and sensing), but also improve sensing performance while ensuring communication performance.

[0152] The technical solution provided in this application will be described in detail below with reference to more accompanying drawings.

[0153] To facilitate a clear description of the technical solutions of this application, multiple embodiments are used for illustration, as detailed in the following descriptions of the various embodiments. Unless otherwise specified, the same or similar parts between different embodiments or implementations can be referenced interchangeably. In the various embodiments and implementation methods / methods within those embodiments, unless otherwise specified or logically conflicting, the terminology and / or descriptions between different embodiments and between different implementation methods / methods within those embodiments are consistent and can be mutually referenced. The technical features in different embodiments and between different implementation methods / methods within those embodiments can be combined to form new embodiments, implementation methods, or methods of implementation based on their inherent logical relationships. The embodiments described below do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of this application. It is understood that the order of the embodiments below does not represent their importance.

[0154] It should be understood that in this application, the indication includes direct indication (also known as explicit indication) and implicit indication. Direct indication information A refers to information A being included; implicit indication information A refers to information A being indicated through the correspondence between information A and information B, and through direct indication information B. The correspondence between information A and information B can be predefined, pre-stored, pre-burned, or pre-configured.

[0155] It should be understood that in this application, information D is determined based on information C, which includes both situations where information D is determined solely based on information C and situations where information D is determined based on information C and other information. Furthermore, the use of information C to determine information D can also include indirect determination, such as when information D is determined based on information E, and information E is determined based on information C.

[0156] Furthermore, in the embodiments of this application, "network element A sends information A to network element B" can be understood as network element B being the destination of information A or an intermediate network element in the transmission path between the destination and network element B, which may include sending information directly or indirectly to network element B. "Network element B receives information A from network element A" can be understood as network element A being the source of information A or an intermediate network element in the transmission path between the source and network element A, which may include receiving information directly or indirectly from network element A. Information may undergo necessary processing between the source and destination, such as format changes, but the destination can understand the valid information from the source. Similar expressions in this application can be understood in a similar way and will not be elaborated further here.

[0157] In one possible implementation, the first communication device in this application can be an access point (AP) or a base station, and the second communication device can be a non-AP STA or a UE; or, the first communication device is a non-AP STA or a UE, and the second communication device is an AP or a base station. Of course, both the first and second communication devices in this application can be non-AP STAs or UEs, or both can be APs or base stations. This application does not limit the specific form of the first and second communication devices.

[0158] In one possible implementation, the technical solution provided in this application can be applied to scenarios where data communication and sensing are performed simultaneously (such as integrated communication and sensing), and is mainly applied to communication systems using OFDM technology, such as Wi-Fi communication and sensing scenarios, cellular communication and sensing scenarios, etc.

[0159] To better understand the technical solution provided in this application, the possible locations of constellation shaping in the transmitting and receiving ends are first introduced, followed by one or more possible implementations of constellation shaping, and finally, some or all signaling interactions used to support constellation shaping functionality at both ends are described. It is understood that the order of presentation below is for ease of understanding only and does not represent a degree of importance.

[0160] In one possible implementation, this application can add a constellation shaping stage to the transmitting end of an existing OFDM communication system, and a constellation shaping and dematching stage to the receiving end. Referring to Figures 4a and 4b, Figure 4a is a simplified flowchart of the transmitting end signal processing provided in an embodiment of this application, and Figure 4b is a simplified flowchart of the receiving end signal processing provided in an embodiment of this application. Figures 4a and 4b use binary convolutional code (BCC) as an example; however, this application is also applicable to other encoding methods, such as low-density parity-check codes (LDPC) or polar codes. For example, Figure 4a shows the transmitting end processing procedure for a 160MHz very high throughput (VHT) single-user (SU) PPDU data field, and Figure 4b shows the corresponding receiving end processing procedure.

[0161] This application can obtain an optimal or suboptimal constellation point probability distribution (or a specific distribution) based on the needs of communication and sensing through joint optimization of communication and sensing. For example, by jointly optimizing the fourth moment of the QAM signal amplitude and the achievable communication rate, the fourth moment of the optimized constellation diagram amplitude, after probability weighting, tends to 1, thereby obtaining the trade-off between communication performance and sensing performance, and the corresponding constellation probability distribution under this trade-off. Alternatively, by jointly optimizing the range of QAM signal amplitude (affecting sensing performance) and the number of constellation points (affecting communication performance), constellation points that meet the condition (e.g., QAM signal amplitude within a certain range) are retained, and the retained constellation points follow an equal probability distribution. Constellation points that do not meet the condition have a probability of zero (or are discarded), thereby obtaining the trade-off between communication performance and sensing performance, and the corresponding constellation point probability distribution under this trade-off, i.e., the probability value of each constellation point.

[0162] As shown in Figure 4a, constellation shaping is performed based on the optimized constellation point probability distribution. The binary bit data output by the BCC interleaver is mapped onto QAM symbols, thereby generating a modulation symbol sequence that conforms to a specific distribution (i.e., the optimized constellation point probability distribution). After undergoing inverse discrete fourier transform (IDFT) and parallel-to-serial conversion, the signal is converted into an analog signal. After mixing with the local oscillator signal (and then undergoing cyclic shift diversity (CSD)), a guard interval (GI) and a window are inserted before transmission through the analog and RF modules. Correspondingly, the receiving end's processing is the reverse of the transmitting end's process. As shown in Figure 4b, the receiving end first receives the baseband signal through the digital and RF modules. After removing the guard interval (GI) and undergoing serial-to-parallel conversion (and then undergoing de-cyclic shift diversity (DCSD)), the received modulation symbol sequence is recovered from the received baseband signal through discrete fourier transform (DFT) operations. As can be understood, similar to existing technologies, the modulated symbol sequence transmitted in Figure 4a and the modulated symbol sequence received in Figure 4b jointly complete the sensing task; that is, the sensing task operates on the transmitted and received modulated symbols. In other words, the sensing task can be completed without further processing of the modulated symbols (such as constellation demapping, BCC deinterleaving, or BCC decoding). However, for the communication task, as shown in Figure 4b, it is also necessary to perform constellation shaping and dematching based on the optimized constellation point probability distribution, demap the modulated symbol sequence recovered from the DFT operation into binary bit data, and then obtain the original information through a BCC deinterleaver and a BCC decoder.

[0163] It is understood that Figures 4a and 4b above take the signal processing of the transmitting and receiving ends of Wi-Fi communication as examples, respectively. In practical applications, the constellation shaping provided in this application embodiment is also applicable to the transmitting and receiving ends of cellular communication, which will not be described in detail here.

[0164] The following describes one or more possible ways to achieve constellation-based plastic surgery.

[0165] This application addresses the poor sensing performance of existing non-constant mode modulation (SAM) signals in ISAC systems by designing an ISAC waveform based on constellation shaping. For example, based on the performance requirements of communication and sensing, a joint optimization of communication and sensing performance is performed on specific non-constant envelope (or non-constant mode) modulation signals (e.g., 16QAM, 64QAM, 256QAM) to obtain a constellation point probability distribution (or a specific distribution) with optimal or near-optimal communication and sensing performance. Then, the obtained constellation point probabilities are transferred, and constellation shaping is performed on the existing communication waveform. For example, existing equal-probability QAM constellation points are encoded into unequal-probability QAM constellation points, thereby obtaining an ISAC waveform that simultaneously meets the performance requirements of communication and sensing.

[0166] In one possible implementation, since the sidelobes of the ambiguity function of the modulated signal are affected by the amplitude of the modulation symbol (related to the fourth moment of the modulation symbol amplitude), the expected value of the fourth moment of the modulation symbol for a PSK modulated signal is equal to 1. Therefore, the joint optimization approach for communication and sensing in this application can be: by jointly optimizing the fourth moment of the QAM signal amplitude and the achievable communication rate, the fourth moment of the optimized constellation diagram amplitude, after probability weighting, tends to 1, thereby obtaining the trade-off between communication performance and sensing performance, and the corresponding constellation point probability distribution P under this trade-off. A .

[0167] Referring to Figure 5, which is a flowchart illustrating a possible constellation shaping method provided in an embodiment of this application, this method mainly describes how to encode equally probable QAM constellation points into unequal probabilities of QAM constellation points to obtain an ISAC waveform that simultaneously considers communication and sensing performance. As shown in Figure 5, this constellation shaping method includes, but is not limited to, the following steps:

[0168] S101, Obtain the constellation point probability distribution P under a certain modulation mode for constellation shaping. A The probability distribution P of the constellation points A The number of points R in the constellation is equal to the modulation order M of this modulation method.

[0169] The modulation methods involved in the embodiments of this application may include Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM), which includes two types: uniform constellation and non-uniform constellation (NUC). In the embodiments of this application, QAM with different modulation orders can be understood as different modulation methods; for example, 16QAM and 64QAM can be understood as two different modulation methods. For clarity, the embodiments of this application will use a uniform constellation as an example for explanation. However, the embodiments of this application also apply to the case where the QAM is a non-uniform constellation.

[0170] In one possible implementation, for non-constant envelope (or non-constant modulus) QAM signals (such as 16QAM and 64QAM), based on the performance requirements of communication and sensing, the fourth moment of the QAM signal amplitude and the achievable communication rate are jointly optimized. This ensures that the fourth moment of the optimized constellation diagram amplitude, after probability weighting, tends to 1, and the number of constellation points remains unchanged. This yields a trade-off between communication and sensing performance, and the corresponding constellation point probability distribution P under this trade-off. A This refers to the probability value of each constellation point. It can be understood that for QAM with different modulation orders, different constellation point probability distributions P can be obtained by jointly optimizing the fourth moment of the QAM signal amplitude and the achievable communication rate. A For QAM with the same modulation order, the number of constellation points before optimization and the number of constellation points after optimization are the same in the embodiments of this application.

[0171] In one possible implementation, embodiments of this application may predefine QAM of different modulation orders and their corresponding constellation point probability distributions P in a standard protocol. A That is, the probability value of each constellation point.

[0172] For example, taking 16QAM and 64QAM as examples, as shown in Tables 1 and 2 below. Table 1 shows the probability distribution P of constellation points in constellation shaping under 16QAM. A Table 1 shows the constellation point probability distribution after the trade-off between communication and sensing performance under 16QAM. Table 2 shows the constellation point probability distribution P after constellation shaping under 64QAM. A Table 2, or rather, shows the constellation point probability distribution after the trade-off between communication and sensing performance under 64QAM. Specifically, Table 1 shows the constellation point probability distribution P... A Table 2 shows the probability distribution P of the 16 constellation points, including their probability values. AThis includes probability values ​​for 64 constellation points. It can be understood that for 16QAM, before the trade-off in communication and sensing performance, the probability value of each constellation point is equal, at 1 / 16 (equivalent to 0.0625). For 64QAM, before the trade-off in communication and sensing performance, the probability value of each constellation point is equal, at 1 / 64 (approximately 0.0156).

[0173] It can also be understood that for QAM with the same modulation order, the constellation shaping (or trade-off between communication performance and sensing performance) in the embodiments of this application does not change the number of constellation points. For example, the number of constellation points for 16QAM is 16 before and after the trade-off between communication performance and sensing performance. Similarly, the number of constellation points for 64QAM is 64 before and after the trade-off between communication performance and sensing performance.

[0174] Table 1

[0175] Table 2

[0176] It's understandable that, in practical applications, for the sake of flexibility, the probability of constellation points in constellation shaping can be defined as a range, not necessarily a single value. In other words, when standardizing (or predefining in a standard protocol) the probabilities of constellation points, it's not required that the probability of each constellation point strictly reaches a certain value; it can be a probability range. For example, as shown in Table 1 above, for the constellation point in the second row and third column (2,3), the probability of this constellation point is 0.0156, and it only corresponds to constellation shaping in 16QAM when other constellation points meet the corresponding probability values. When using a probability range, the probability of this constellation point can be any value between 0.1 and 0.2. Correspondingly, the probabilities of other constellation points can also be a range of values, which can also correspond to constellation shaping in 16QAM, thus improving the flexibility of implementation.

[0177] In one possible implementation, taking 16QAM and 64QAM as examples, several ways to select the probability range (or probability interval) of constellation points in constellation shaping are introduced below. Refer to Figure 6, which is a schematic diagram of the constellation point probability interval provided in this application embodiment. As shown in Figure 6, for a given modulation scheme (16QAM or 64QAM), the uniformly distributed constellation point probability corresponds to the "communication (performance) optimal" point. Through joint optimization of communication performance and sensing performance (such as joint optimization of the fourth moment of the QAM signal amplitude and the achievable communication rate), the "sensing (performance) optimal" point and the "(communication performance and sensing performance) joint optimal" point can be obtained. Specifically, in the "sensing optimal" state, the fourth moment C0 of both 16QAM and 64QAM is equal to 1; in the "joint optimal" state, the fourth moment C0 of 16QAM is equal to 1.08, and the fourth moment C0 of 64QAM is equal to 1.25.

[0178] For example, the probability interval of a constellation point can take two possible values:

[0179] Method 1: Determine the probability interval of constellation points based on communication performance. As shown in Figure 6(a), the communication performance is divided into equal intervals. The N1 communication performance intervals (N1Δ1) near the optimal point (e.g., the "communication optimal" point, or the "joint optimal" point) are taken as the range of probability values ​​for the constellation points. For example, the communication performance interval can be set to a minimum quantization unit (e.g., 0.01, or 1 / R) to facilitate the calculation of the probability interval of the constellation points.

[0180] Method 2: Determine the probability interval of constellation points based on perception performance. As shown in Figure 6(b), perception performance is sampled at equal intervals, and the N2 perception performance intervals (N2Δ2) near the optimal point (e.g., the "joint optimal" point, or the "perception optimal" point) are taken as the value interval of the constellation point probability. For example, the perception performance interval can be set to a minimum quantization unit (e.g., the minimum unit is 0.01, or 1 / R) to facilitate the calculation of the constellation point probability interval.

[0181] For QAM, the probabilities of constellation points in the existing communication system follow a uniform distribution, as shown at the "communication optimal" point in Figure 6. At this point, the probability of all constellation points in 16QAM is 1 / 16, as shown in Table 3a below; the probability of all constellation points in 64QAM is 1 / 64, as shown in Table 3b below. The constellation diagrams for 16QAM and 64QAM at the "communication optimal" point are shown in Figure 7. It can be understood that at the "communication optimal" point, the system has optimal communication performance, but its sensing performance is poor.

[0182] Table 3a

[0183] Table 3b

[0184] For example, following Method 1 above, the probability range of constellation points is determined based on communication performance, and the probability of constellation points within a certain range to the right of the "optimal communication" point in Figure 6(a) is selected. As shown in Figure 6(a), assuming that the fourth moment C0 of the selected right boundary point is equal to 1.8, the probability of the 16QAM constellation point corresponding to this right boundary point (C0 = 1.8) is shown in Table 4a below, or in other words, Table 4a shows the probability of the 16QAM constellation point when C0 = 1.8; the probability of the 64QAM constellation point corresponding to this right boundary point (C0 = 1.8) is shown in Table 4b below, or in other words, Table 4b shows the probability of the 64QAM constellation point when C0 = 1.8. For example, Table 3a above and Table 4a below can form the probability range of constellation points under 16QAM constellation shaping, as shown in Table 5a below; similarly, Table 3b above and Table 4b below can form the probability range of constellation points under 64QAM constellation shaping, as shown in Table 5b below.

[0185] Table 4a

[0186] Table 4b

[0187] Table 5a

[0188] Table 5b

[0189] It is understandable that for the "perception optimal" point in Figure 6, the system has the best perception performance, but its communication performance is the worst, and its corresponding constellation diagram is constant modulus (or constant envelope) or approximately constant modulus (or approximately constant envelope). At this time, at the "perception optimal" point (C0=1), the constellation point probabilities of 16QAM are shown in Table 6a below, and the constellation point probabilities of 64QAM are shown in Table 6b below.

[0190] Table 6a

[0191] Table 6b

[0192] As shown in Figure 6, for 16QAM, the fourth moment C0 corresponding to the "joint optimal" point is 1.08; for 64QAM, the fourth moment C0 corresponding to the "joint optimal" point is 1.25. For example, following Method 2 above, the probability interval of constellation points is determined based on perception performance, and the probability of constellation points within a certain range to the left of the "joint optimal" point in Figure 6(b) is selected. As shown in Figure 6(b), assuming that the fourth moment C0 of the selected left boundary point is equal to 1.28 in 16QAM, i.e., C0 = 1.28 (16QAM); and the fourth moment C0 is equal to 1.45 in 64QAM, i.e., C0 = 1.45 (64QAM). The probability of the 16QAM constellation point corresponding to the left boundary point is shown in Table 7a below, or Table 7a shows the probability of the 16QAM constellation point when C0 = 1.28; the probability of the 64QAM constellation point corresponding to the left boundary point is shown in Table 7b below, or Table 7b shows the probability of the 64QAM constellation point when C0 = 1.45. For example, Table 6a above and Table 7a below can form the constellation point probability interval for constellation shaping under 16QAM, as shown in Table 8a below; similarly, Table 6b above and Table 7b below can form the constellation point probability interval for constellation shaping under 64QAM, as shown in Table 8b below.

[0193] Table 7a

[0194] Table 7b

[0195] Table 8a

[0196] Table 8b

[0197] It is understood that the probability values ​​or probability ranges shown in Tables 1 to 8b above are all examples. The embodiments of this application do not limit the specific probability values ​​of each constellation point in constellation shaping. In practical applications, it is only necessary for the sending and receiving parties (or the two communicating parties, or the data sender and the data receiver) to reach an agreement on the probability values ​​of each constellation point in constellation shaping.

[0198] In one possible implementation, embodiments of this application may predefine the probability intervals of QAM with different modulation orders and their corresponding constellation points in a standard protocol.

[0199] In one possible implementation, the communication device can first determine the modulation order M of QAM, and then obtain the probability of each constellation point under the constellation shaping at the modulation order M (or M-QAM). The probability of each constellation point under constellation shaping can be predefined by a standard protocol, determined based on a predefined probability range of a standard protocol, pre-configured, or obtained from other communication devices; this application embodiment does not impose any limitations. It is understood that the modulation order M of QAM can be a positive integer, such as M being 4, 8, 16, 64, or 256, etc. For example, the communication device (transmitter) can determine the modulation order M of QAM according to its own communication needs and / or channel environment; and then select the corresponding constellation point probability distribution P according to the modulation order M. A (i.e., the probability of each constellation point), or the probability value of each constellation point can be determined from the probability interval of each constellation point corresponding to the modulation order M. It is understood that in order for the receiving end to correctly demodulate and obtain the communication data, the transmitting and receiving ends need to align the QAM modulation order M and the probabilities of each constellation point in the constellation shaping. For example, the method by which the transmitting and receiving ends align the QAM modulation order M and the probabilities of each constellation point in the constellation shaping can be found in the description of the embodiments below, which will not be detailed here. In this embodiment, the constellation point probability distribution P... A The number of constellation points R is equal to the modulation order M of QAM.

[0200] S102, based on the probability distribution P of this constellation point A A constant component distribution matcher is used to encode a binary bit stream to obtain multiple bit sequences of equal length.

[0201] S103, combine the multiple bit sequences of equal length bit by bit and map them one by one to the constellation points under this modulation mode to obtain the constellation (or waveform) after constellation shaping.

[0202] In one possible implementation, the communication device can determine the number of constellation points based on the modulation order M (for example, in 16QAM, M equals 16 and R also equals 16). Then, the least common multiple m of the denominators in the constellation point probabilities (as shown in Table 1 above) can be used as the output length of the constant composition distribution matching (CCDM). The numerator of each constellation point probability can be used as the number of times that constellation point appears in the output sequence of length m. The probability of each constellation point in the output constellation conforms to the trade-off constellation point probability distribution P for both communication and sensing performance. A Taking 16QAM as an example, the probabilities of each constellation point output after the above process match the probability values ​​of the corresponding constellation points in Table 1. Then, the communication device can calculate the combination number. The maximum number of categories in the output sequence. Here, s1 represents the probability distribution P of constellation points. A (Taking 16QAM as an example, as shown in Table 1 above) The numerator of the probability of the first constellation point, s2, represents the probability distribution of the constellation point P. A (Taking 16QAM as an example, as shown in Table 1 above) the numerator of the probability of the second constellation point, and so on, s R P represents the probability distribution of constellation points. A (Taking 16QAM as an example, as shown in Table 1 above) The numerator of the probability of the Rth constellation point. Since the input is a random binary sequence, the communication device can also calculate the number of input sequences k = floor(log2K). Where floor() means "round down", which will not be elaborated further below.

[0203] In another possible implementation, the communication device can determine the number of constellation points based on the modulation order M (for example, in 16QAM, M equals 16 and R also equals 16), and then approximate the probability values ​​of each constellation point in the constellation shaping (as shown in Table 1 above) to make them have the same denominator m (e.g., ...). Similarly, m is the output length of the CCDM, and the numerator of the probability of each constellation point represents the number of times that constellation point appears in the output sequence of length m. The probability of each constellation point in the output constellation is an approximation of the constellation point probabilities after the trade-off between communication performance and sensing performance; the probability distributions of the two are basically consistent. Taking 16QAM as an example, the probabilities of each constellation point in the output constellation after the above process are approximately the same as the probability values ​​of the corresponding constellation points in Table 1 above, and the probability distributions of the two are basically consistent. Then, the communication device can calculate the number of combinations. The maximum number of categories in the output sequence. Here, s1 represents the probability distribution P of constellation points. A (Taking 16QAM as an example, as shown in Table 1 above) The numerator after approximating the probability of the first constellation point, s2, represents the probability distribution of the constellation point P. A (Taking 16QAM as an example, as shown in Table 1 above) the numerator is the approximation of the probability of the second constellation point, and so on, s R P represents the probability distribution of constellation points. A (Taking 16QAM as an example, as shown in Table 1 above) The numerator is the approximation of the probability of the Rth constellation point. Since the input is a random binary sequence, the communication device can also calculate the number of input sequences k = floor(log2K).

[0204] For example, referring to Figure 8, which is a possible schematic diagram of 16QAM constellation shaping provided in an embodiment of this application. The constellation point probability distribution P shown in Table 1 above... AFor example, as shown in step 1 of Figure 8, the least common multiple m of the denominator in Table 1 above is 64, that is, the output length m of CCDM is 64. The numerators of the probabilities of each constellation point in Table 1 above are {s1,s2,…,s…}. R}={1,7,…,7,1}. It can be understood that each constellation symbol in 16QAM can be represented by 4 bits, denoted as B1, B2, B3, and B4 respectively. In one possible implementation, the communication device can determine the number of bits for each constellation symbol as the CCDM parallel number, and can calculate the probability of each bit being "0" in the output sequence. Taking 16QAM as an example, the probabilities of bits B1, B2, B3, and B4 being "0" in the output sequence can be calculated separately. Since the denominator of the probability is the length m of the output sequence, the numerators represent the number of different bits being "0" in the output sequence, denoted as n1, n2, n3, and n4 respectively. Where n... i B equals all constellation points i The product of the digits and the probability numerator of the corresponding constellation point {s1,s2,…,s} R The sum of}, that is. For example: as shown in Figure 8, n1=0×1+0×7+…+1×7+1×1, n2=0×1+1×7+…+0×7+1×1.

[0205] As shown in step 2 of Figure 8. This represents the probability that bit B1 is "1" in an output sequence of length m bits. The probability that the sum is "0" This represents the probability that bit B2 is "1" in an output sequence of length m bits. The probability that the sum is "0" And so on, This represents the probability that bit B4 is "1" in an output sequence of length m bits. The probability that the sum is "0"

[0206] Then, the communication device can calculate the input length of each parallel CCDM, denoted as k1, k2, k3, and k4, satisfying k = k1 + k2 + k3 + k4. As shown in step 3 of Figure 8, k... i =floor(log2K) i ), As shown in step 4 of Figure 8, each parallel CCDM will input a length of k. i The binary sequence is encoded into a binary sequence of length m, thus completing the constellation shaping. See Figure 9, which is a schematic diagram of CCDM encoding provided in an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 9, CCDM in probability... Controlling the input length to k iThe binary sequence is encoded as a binary sequence of length m. Where P Bi Including p0 and p1, where p0 represents B i The probability that a bit is "0" in an output sequence of length m bits, p1 represents the probability of B. i The probability that a bit is "1" in an output sequence of length m bits.

[0207] In one possible implementation, after constellation shaping, the communication device can combine the bit sequences output by each parallel CCDM bit by bit, and map the combination result one-to-one with constellation points, as shown in Figure 8. The distribution of constellation points in the generated sequence is consistent with the probability distribution in step 1 of Figure 8. The optimized (or constellation-shaped) constellation (or waveform) can be obtained through the process shown in Figure 8.

[0208] Referring to Figure 10, Figure 10 shows the desired constellation diagram and the constellation diagram obtained after constellation shaping, provided in the embodiments of this application. The desired constellation diagram can be a QAM constellation diagram that balances communication performance and sensing performance by jointly optimizing the fourth moment of the QAM signal amplitude and the achievable communication rate; it can be understood as a theoretical diagram. The QAM constellation diagram obtained by constellation shaping can be understood as the actual QAM constellation diagram obtained after a series of processes (i.e., constellation shaping, as shown in Figure 8 above) with the desired QAM constellation diagram as the target. As shown in Figures 10(a) and (b), the desired constellation diagram under 16QAM is consistent with the constellation diagram obtained after constellation shaping; as shown in Figures 10(c) and (d), the desired constellation diagram under 64QAM is also consistent with the constellation diagram obtained after constellation shaping. In Figure 10, the darker the color of the constellation point, the smaller its probability value.

[0209] In one possible implementation, after the communication device (transmitter) obtains the constellation (or waveform) after constellation shaping, it can perform subsequent processing on the constellation (or waveform) (as shown in Figure 4a above), and then transmit it via analog and radio frequency. The receiver, after receiving the baseband signal through digital and radio frequency modules, obtains the modulation symbol sequence through various processes (as shown in Figure 4b above). For sensing tasks, the received modulation symbol sequence and the modulation symbol sequence transmitted by the transmitter are used together; for communication tasks, constellation shaping dematching is performed on the received modulation symbol sequence based on the probability values ​​of each constellation point in the constellation shaping to obtain the binary bit sequence. It can be understood that the constellation shaping dematching at the receiver is the reverse process of constellation shaping at the transmitter, which will not be detailed in this application.

[0210] This application embodiment targets a certain non-constant mode (or non-constant envelope) modulated signal. Through joint optimization of communication and sensing performance, a specific constellation point probability distribution is obtained. This constellation point probability distribution represents a trade-off between communication and sensing performance. For the same modulation scheme, the number of constellation points after optimization remains the same as before optimization, but the probabilities of constellation points at different amplitudes differ. In other words, the constellation obtained through joint optimization in this application embodiment retains all constellation points in the original constellation, but the probabilities of the constellation points are not entirely the same. It can be understood that the constellation points in the original constellation are uniformly distributed, while the constellation points in the optimized constellation are distributed in a specific way (non-uniformly). This application embodiment uses parallel CCDM to perform constellation shaping on the binary sequence, thereby obtaining a new constellation (or waveform). The probability distribution of this constellation is consistent with the constellation point probability distribution obtained through joint optimization. Therefore, when using this constellation (or waveform) for simultaneous communication and sensing in an ISAC system, sensing performance can be improved while maintaining communication performance.

[0211] Referring to Figure 11, which is a flowchart illustrating another possible constellation reshaping method provided in an embodiment of this application, the constellation reshaping method includes, but is not limited to, the following steps:

[0212] S201, Obtain the constellation point probability distribution P under a certain modulation scheme. A The probability distribution P of the constellation points A The probability of each constellation point is the same, and the probability distribution P of that constellation point is... A The number of constellation points R is less than the modulation order M of this modulation method.

[0213] In one possible implementation, for non-constant envelope (or non-constant modulus) QAM signals (such as 16QAM and 64QAM), this application embodiment, based on the performance requirements of communication and sensing, jointly optimizes the range of QAM signal amplitude (affecting sensing performance) and the number of constellation points (affecting communication performance). Constellation points that meet the condition (e.g., QAM signal amplitude within a certain range) are retained, and the retained constellation points follow an equal probability distribution. The probability of constellation points that do not meet the condition is zero. This yields a trade-off between communication performance and sensing performance, and the corresponding constellation point probability distribution P under this trade-off. A That is, the probability value of each constellation point. The difference from the embodiment shown in Figure 5 above includes: the optimized constellation point probability distribution P in this embodiment. AThere are multiple constellation points with a probability of 0. In one possible implementation, if constellation points with a probability of 0 are considered non-existent, then for QAM of the same modulation order, the number of constellation points after optimization in this embodiment is inconsistent with the number of constellation points before optimization. It can be understood that for QAM of the same modulation order, the probabilities of each constellation point are equal before optimization in this embodiment, and the probabilities of each constellation point are still equal after optimization; however, the probabilities of constellation points before and after optimization are not equal, and the number of constellation points R after optimization (referring to the number of constellation points with a non-zero probability after optimization) is less than the number of constellation points before optimization by 2. M It can also be understood that for QAM with different modulation orders, different constellation point probability distributions P can be obtained by jointly optimizing the range of QAM signal amplitude (affecting sensing performance) and the number of constellation points (affecting communication performance). A .

[0214] In one possible implementation, embodiments of this application may predefine QAM of different modulation orders and their corresponding constellation point probability distributions P in a standard protocol. A This refers to the probability value of each constellation point (not zero). It can be understood that, since the optimized probability of each constellation point in this embodiment is equal, this embodiment can predefine the probability value of a QAM of different modulation orders and its corresponding constellation point in the standard protocol. Optionally, this embodiment can also predefine the number R (referring to the optimized number of constellation points) and the positions of these R constellation points in the standard protocol for QAM of different modulation orders.

[0215] For example, taking 16QAM as an example, by jointly optimizing the range of 16QAM signal amplitude (affecting sensing performance) and the number of constellation points (affecting communication performance) according to the performance requirements of communication and sensing, the probability distribution P of constellation points under the trade-off between communication and sensing performance can be obtained. A As shown in Table 9 below. In this embodiment of the application, to facilitate understanding of the difference between the probabilities of constellation points obtained after optimization and those before optimization, Table 9 shows constellation points with a probability of 0. The constellation points with a probability of 0 in Table 9 can be understood as not existing.

[0216] Table 9

[0217] In one possible implementation, the communication device can first determine the modulation order M of QAM, and then determine the number of constellation points R based on the modulation order M. It can then obtain the probabilities of one or more constellation points under the modulation order M (or M-QAM). The probabilities of one or more constellation points under constellation shaping, and / or the number of constellation points R, can be predefined or preconfigured by a standard protocol, or obtained from other communication devices; this application embodiment does not impose any restrictions. The positions of the R constellation points under constellation shaping can also be predefined or preconfigured by a standard protocol, or obtained from other communication devices; this application embodiment does not impose any restrictions. For example, the communication device (transmitter) can determine the modulation order M of QAM based on its own communication needs and / or channel environment; and then select the corresponding constellation point probability (referring to the probability value of a constellation point) or constellation point probability distribution P based on the modulation order M. A (e.g., the probability of each constellation point). For example, the communication device (transmitter) can also determine the number R of constellation points and the positions of these R constellation points based on the modulation order M. It is understood that in order for the receiver to correctly demodulate and obtain the communication data, the transmitter and receiver need to align the QAM modulation order M and the probabilities of the R constellation points in the constellation shaping. For example, the method by which the transmitter and receiver align the QAM modulation order M and the probabilities of the R constellation points in the constellation shaping can be found in the description of the embodiments below, and will not be detailed here. In this embodiment, the constellation point probability distribution P... A The number of constellation points R is less than the modulation order M of QAM.

[0218] In this embodiment, the positions of the R constellation points can be understood as the positions of these R constellation points among the M constellation points, or in other words, the positions of these R constellation points in the constellation diagram before optimization.

[0219] S202, based on the probability distribution P of this constellation point A The binary bit stream is encoded using a constant component distribution matcher to obtain a symbol sequence.

[0220] S203, map the symbol sequence one by one with the constellation points under this modulation mode to obtain the constellation (or waveform) after constellation shaping.

[0221] In one possible implementation, the communication device can determine the number of constellation points R based on the modulation order M (for example, in 16QAM, M equals 16 and R equals 8). Then, the least common multiple m of the denominators in the constellation point probabilities (as shown in Table 9 above) can be used as the output length of the CCDM. The numerator of each constellation point probability can be used as the number of times that constellation point appears in the output sequence of length m. This output sequence is a symbol sequence, not a bit sequence. Therefore, the input length of the CCDM is m bits.

[0222] For example, referring to Figure 12, which is another possible schematic diagram of 16QAM constellation shaping provided in an embodiment of this application. The constellation point probability distribution P shown in Table 9 above... A (Considering only constellation points with a probability of non-zero) as an example, as shown in steps 1-2 of Figure 12, the least common multiple m of the denominator in Table 9 above is 8, that is, the output length of CCDM is 8 symbols and the input length is 8 bits; the numerator of the probability of each constellation point in Table 9 above is {s1,s2,…,s8}={1,1,…,1,1}.

[0223] Then, the communication device can determine the probability of each constellation point (i.e., the probability distribution P of the constellation points) based on the constellation shaping. A The number of times each constellation point appears in the output sequence of length m, the input length of the CCDM, and the output length of the CCDM are used to encode the binary sequence using CCDM, as shown in step 3 of Figure 12. For example, the CCDM reads a bit sequence of length m each time for encoding and outputs a corresponding symbol sequence of length m, thus completing constellation shaping. The number of symbol types in this symbol sequence is equal to the number of constellation points with non-zero probability R (e.g., in 16QAM, R = 8), and the number of times each symbol appears in the symbol sequence is {s1, s2, ..., s...}. R}

[0224] In one possible implementation, the communication device can map the symbol sequence output by the CCDM to the corresponding constellation points according to the constellation mapping in the original constellation, as shown in Figure 12, thereby obtaining the optimized (or constellation-shaped) constellation (or waveform). As shown in Figure 12, the constellation after constellation shaping in this embodiment includes 8 constellation points from the original constellation, namely: 0111, 1011, 0010, 1110, 0001, 1101, 0100, 1000; while the other 8 constellation points in the original constellation (0011, 1111, 0110, 1010, 0101, 1001, 0000, 1100) are discarded. It can be understood that the probability of each constellation point in the constellation obtained through the above process conforms to the constellation point probability distribution P after the communication performance and perception performance trade-off in this embodiment. A Taking 16QAM as an example, the probabilities of each constellation point obtained through the process shown in Figure 12 above conform to the probability values ​​of the corresponding constellation points in Table 9 above.

[0225] Referring to Figure 13, Figure 13 shows the desired 16QAM constellation diagram and the 16QAM constellation diagram obtained through constellation shaping, provided in the embodiments of this application. As shown in Figure 13, the desired 16QAM constellation diagram can be a theoretical diagram obtained by jointly optimizing the range of 16QAM signal amplitude (affecting sensing performance) and the number of constellation points (affecting communication performance), balancing communication and sensing performance. The constellation-shaped 16QAM constellation diagram can be understood as the actual 16QAM constellation diagram obtained after a series of processing steps (i.e., constellation shaping, as shown in Figure 12 above) with the desired 16QAM constellation diagram as the target. As shown in Figure 13, the constellation diagram after constellation shaping is consistent with the desired constellation diagram; they are the same or approximately the same. In Figure 13, the darker the color of a constellation point, the lower its probability value.

[0226] In one possible implementation, after the communication device (transmitter) obtains the constellation (or waveform) after constellation shaping, it can perform subsequent processing on the constellation (or waveform) (as shown in Figure 4a above), and then transmit it via analog and radio frequency. The receiver, after receiving the baseband signal through digital and radio frequency modules, obtains the modulation symbol sequence through various processes (as shown in Figure 4b above). For sensing tasks, the received modulation symbol sequence and the modulation symbol sequence transmitted by the transmitter are used together; for communication tasks, constellation shaping dematching is performed on the received modulation symbol sequence based on the probability values ​​of each constellation point in the constellation shaping to obtain the binary bit sequence. It can be understood that the constellation shaping dematching at the receiver is the reverse process of constellation shaping at the transmitter, which will not be detailed in this application.

[0227] This application embodiment obtains a specific constellation point probability distribution through joint optimization of communication and sensing performance. This constellation point probability distribution represents a trade-off between communication and sensing performance. For the same modulation scheme, the number of constellation points after optimization is less than the number before optimization, but the probabilities of the constellation points after optimization are equal. Alternatively, the constellation obtained through joint optimization in this application embodiment retains some constellation points from the original constellation, while the remaining constellation points are discarded; and the constellation points in the optimized constellation follow a specific distribution. This application embodiment uses CCDM to perform constellation shaping on the binary sequence, thereby obtaining a new constellation (or waveform). The probability distribution of this constellation is consistent with the constellation point probability distribution obtained through joint optimization. Therefore, when using this constellation (or waveform) for simultaneous communication and sensing in an ISAC system, sensing performance can be improved while maintaining communication performance.

[0228] To better understand the constellation shaping method shown in Figures 5 and 11 above, a simplified flowchart will be used to illustrate it below.

[0229] For example, refer to Figure 14, which is a simplified flowchart of a constellation shaping method provided in an embodiment of this application. As shown in step 1 of Figure 14, the modulation scheme M-QAM is determined, and the fourth-order distance and achievable communication rate after weighted M-QAM constellation probability are jointly optimized to obtain the constellation point probability distribution P under the trade-off between communication performance and sensing performance. A Next, determine the output length m of the CCDM and the number of times each constellation point appears in the output sequence of length m {s1,s2,…,s}. R Then, determine whether to execute step 2-1 or step 2-2 based on whether the optimized constellation points are consistent (or the same) with the original constellation points.

[0230] As shown in Figure 14, when the optimized constellation point count is consistent with (or the same as) the original constellation point count, step 2-1 is executed: determine the parallelism N of the CCDM (equal to M), and calculate each bit (B1, B2, ..., B) of each constellation symbol. M The probability that the value is "0" in the output sequence: Then perform step 3-1 to calculate the input length k for each parallel CCDM. i =floor(log2K) i ), Finally, step 4-1 is executed. Based on the results obtained in steps 2-1 and 3-1, each parallel CCDM will input a length of k. i The random binary sequence (such as uniform distribution) is encoded to output a binary sequence of length m; then the binary sequences output by N (=M) parallel CCDMs are processed bitwise (i.e., B1, B2, …, B…). M The combinations are mapped one-to-one with constellation points to obtain the constellation point probability distribution P that conforms to step 1 in Figure 14. A The symbol sequence. It can be understood that the symbol sequence obtained in this step (i.e., step 4-1) is the optimized constellation (waveform). Using the optimized waveform (or constellation) in the ISAC system can simultaneously achieve communication and sensing functions, improving sensing performance.

[0231] As shown in Figure 14, when the optimized constellation point count is inconsistent (or different) from the original constellation point count, step 2-2 is executed: determine the CCDM input length of m bits and the output length of m symbols. Then, step 3-2 is executed, based on the constellation point probability distribution P from step 1. A Given the input length (m bits) obtained in step 2-2, the random binary sequence (e.g., uniform distribution) is encoded using CCDM to output a symbol sequence of length m. Then, the symbol sequence output by CCDM is mapped one-to-one with the corresponding constellation points to obtain the following probability distribution:

[0232] The specific implementations of steps 2-1, 3-1, and 4-1 in Figure 14 can be found in the relevant description of the embodiment shown in Figure 5 (as in Figure 8 above). The specific implementations of steps 2-2 and 3-2 in Figure 14 can be found in the relevant description of the embodiment shown in Figure 11 (as in Figure 12 above), and will not be repeated here.

[0233] It is understood that Figure 14 is merely a simplified example for ease of understanding and does not represent the actual steps involved in constellation reshaping. Constellation reshaping in embodiments of this application may include some of the steps shown in Figure 14.

[0234] In one possible implementation, embodiments of this application can pre-optimize the fourth moment of the QAM signal amplitude and the achievable communication rate under different modulation schemes to obtain the constellation point probability distribution P under the trade-off between communication performance and sensing performance for different modulation schemes. A In the subsequent constellation shaping process, the corresponding constellation point probability distribution P can be used based on the modulation order M of QAM. A This eliminates the need for joint optimization to obtain the constellation point probability distribution before constellation shaping each time. In other words, in step 1 of Figure 14 above, "jointly optimize the fourth-order distance and achievable communication rate after M-QAM constellation probability weighting to obtain the constellation point probability distribution P under the trade-off between communication performance and sensing performance." A "It doesn't have to be executed every time."

[0235] The above describes several possible implementations of constellation shaping. To support constellation shaping at the transmitting end and constellation shaping dematching at the receiving end, this application also provides a communication method that not only supports simultaneous communication and sensing (or supports integrated communication and sensing), but also improves sensing performance while maintaining communication performance.

[0236] In one possible implementation, the communication method provided in this application embodiment can be implemented alone or in combination with the constellation shaping method shown in Figure 5 or Figure 11, and this application does not impose any limitations. In other words, the communication method provided in this application embodiment can be applied to the constellation shaping method shown in Figure 5 or Figure 11, as well as to other constellation shaping schemes. Furthermore, the communication method provided in this application embodiment may not be bound to the constellation shaping method shown in Figures 5 and 11.

[0237] Referring to Figure 15, which is a flowchart illustrating a communication method provided in an embodiment of this application, this method can be applied to scenarios where Wi-Fi communication and sensing occur simultaneously, as well as scenarios where cellular communication and sensing occur simultaneously. In short, this method can be applied to an ISAC system and can be used to support communication devices in implementing constellation shaping functions. This method mainly describes the probability of aligning one or more constellation points for constellation shaping through separate signaling interactions between the first and second communication devices.

[0238] As shown in Figure 15, this communication method includes, but is not limited to, the following steps:

[0239] S301, the first communication device generates message A, which includes first information indicating the probability of one or more constellation points in constellation shaping.

[0240] S302, the first communication device sends message A. Correspondingly, the second communication device receives message A.

[0241] S303, the second communication device processes message A and obtains the probability of one or more constellation points of the constellation shaping.

[0242] In one possible implementation, message A can be a medium access control (MAC) frame in a Wi-Fi communication system, such as a newly defined Constellations Shaping Request frame or an existing Sensing Measurement Request frame; or it can be signaling in a cellular communication system, such as a radio resource control (RRC) message, downlink control information (DCI), or uplink control information (UCI). Message A may include first information, which can be used to indicate the probability of one or more constellation points (under one or more modulation schemes) in constellation shaping. For example, the multiple constellation points in constellation shaping may belong to the same constellation diagram. For example, the probability of one or more constellation points in constellation shaping is predefined, such as the probabilities shown in Tables 1, 2, or 9 above; or the probability of one or more constellation points in constellation shaping is determined based on a predefined probability interval, such as the probability interval shown in Tables 5a, 5b, 8a, or 8b above. Alternatively, the first information can be used to indicate an algorithm, formula, or parameters that can be used to determine (or calculate) the probabilities of one or more constellation points in constellation shaping. A first communication device generates and sends message A, and a second communication device receives message A and processes (e.g., parses) it to obtain the probabilities of one or more constellation points in constellation shaping. For example, the waveforms corresponding to these constellation points in constellation shaping can be used simultaneously for data transmission and sensing measurements.

[0243] The modulation schemes in the embodiments of this application may include, but are not limited to, QAM, and the QAM in this application includes two types: uniform constellation and non-uniform constellation (NUC). QAM with different modulation orders in this application can be understood as different modulation schemes, such as 16QAM and 64QAM, which can be understood as two different modulation schemes.

[0244] In one possible implementation, message A may further include second information, which can be used to indicate one or more modulation schemes. For example, the first information may specifically indicate the probability of one or more constellation points in constellation shaping under these one or more modulation schemes. For instance, assuming the second information indicates multiple modulation schemes, the first information can respectively indicate the probability of one or more constellation points in constellation shaping under these multiple modulation schemes; or, message A may include multiple pieces of first information, each of which can indicate the probability of one or more constellation points in constellation shaping under one particular modulation scheme, and these multiple pieces of first information can indicate the probability of one or more constellation points in constellation shaping under these multiple modulation schemes. It is understood that if message A does not include second information, the first information can indicate the probability of one or more constellation points in constellation shaping under a certain agreed-upon modulation scheme. Here, the "agreed-upon modulation scheme" can be predefined by a standard protocol, or it can be agreed upon or negotiated in advance by the first communication device and the second communication device, or it can be pre-configured, etc., and this application embodiment does not limit this.

[0245] In one possible implementation, for a given modulation scheme, the probabilities of each constellation point in constellation shaping are equal, as shown in the constellation point probability distribution P obtained in step 201 of Figure 11 above. A In this implementation, the aforementioned first information can indicate the probability of a single constellation point in constellation shaping (under one or more modulation methods), or it can indicate the probability of multiple constellation points in constellation shaping (under one or more modulation methods) (these multiple constellation points have equal probabilities and belong to the same constellation diagram). This application does not limit this. In another possible implementation, for a given modulation method, there are constellation points with unequal probabilities in the constellation shaping, or in other words, at least two constellation points have unequal probabilities, as shown in the constellation point probability distribution P obtained in step 101 of Figure 5 above. A In this implementation, the aforementioned first information can indicate the probability of multiple constellation points (and these multiple constellation points belong to the same constellation diagram) in constellation shaping (under one or more modulation methods).

[0246] In one possible implementation, message A can be used to request the activation of the constellation shaping function. In another possible implementation, before the first communication device sends message A, the first communication device sends message B, or the first communication device receives message B from the second communication device. This message B can be used to request the activation of the constellation shaping function. For example, message B can be a frame in a Wi-Fi communication system, or it can be signaling (such as an RRC message) in a cellular communication system; this application embodiment does not impose limitations.

[0247] In one possible implementation, when message A is used to request the activation of the constellation shaping function, after receiving message A, the second communication device can send message C (i.e., the second message) to the first communication device. Message C may include sixth information, which can be used to indicate whether the second communication device agrees to activate the constellation shaping function. Of course, when message A is used to request the activation of the constellation shaping function, after receiving message A, the second communication device may not reply with a message indicating whether it agrees to activate the constellation shaping function, but instead default to agreeing to activate the constellation shaping function. It is understood that the embodiments of this application mainly focus on the case of agreeing to activate the constellation shaping function.

[0248] In another possible implementation, when the first communication device sends message B to request the activation of the constellation shaping function, the second communication device, upon receiving message B, can send message C (i.e., the second message) to the first communication device. Message C may include a sixth piece of information, which can be used to indicate whether the second communication device agrees to activate the constellation shaping function. Alternatively, after receiving message B, the second communication device may not reply with message C, but instead default to agreeing to activate the constellation shaping function. Or, when the second communication device sends message B to request the activation of the constellation shaping function, the first communication device, upon receiving message B, can return message A to the second communication device, implicitly or explicitly indicating agreement to activate the constellation shaping function. Of course, the first communication device may also return another message to the second communication device indicating agreement to activate the constellation shaping function before sending message A to the second communication device.

[0249] The "enabling constellation shaping function" described in the embodiments of this application can be understood as: adding a constellation shaping stage at the transmitting end of the communication system (such as a cellular communication system or a Wi-Fi communication system), as shown in Figure 4a above; and adding a constellation shaping and de-matching stage at the receiving end of the communication system, as shown in Figure 4b above. Correspondingly, the "disabling constellation shaping function" described in the embodiments of this application can be understood as: disabling the constellation shaping stage at the transmitting end of the communication system (such as a cellular communication system or a Wi-Fi communication system), and disabling the constellation shaping and de-matching stage at the receiving end of the communication system.

[0250] In one possible implementation, message A may further include one or more of the following: third information, fourth information, or fifth information. The third information may be used to indicate the activation of the constellation shaping function. The fourth information may be used to indicate the duration of the activated constellation shaping function. The fifth information may be used to indicate the number of physical layer protocol data units (PPDUs) using the constellation shaping function. In another possible implementation, message A includes first information, and optionally includes second information; message B may include one or more of the following: third information, fourth information, or fifth information. This application does not limit whether the second, third, fourth, and fifth information are specifically carried in message A or message B.

[0251] In one possible implementation, message A (or message B) may not include the fourth and / or fifth information, but instead predefine the duration of the constellation shaping function (e.g., 100 milliseconds, 1 second, or 5 minutes, etc.) and / or predefine the number of PPDUs using the constellation shaping function. In another possible implementation, the first and / or second communication devices may also disable the constellation shaping function via message D (i.e., the third message), thus eliminating the constraints on the duration of the constellation shaping function and the number of PPDUs using it. For example, after completing a sensing task using communication data or when a communication device has a higher-priority communication service to guarantee, the first or second communication device may send message D, which can be used to disable the constellation shaping function. This application embodiment does not limit the timing / scenario of sending message D; this is merely an example. The first or second communication device can decide the timing of sending message D according to its internal strategy.

[0252] Of course, if message A (or message B) includes the fourth and / or fifth information, the constellation shaping function can also be turned off (early) via message D. Similarly, if the duration of the constellation shaping function is predefined, and / or the number of PPDUs used for the constellation shaping function is predefined, the constellation shaping function can also be turned off (early) via message D. This application embodiment does not impose any limitations on this.

[0253] In another possible implementation, if message A (or message B) does not include the fourth and fifth information, the presence or absence of constellation shaping can be indicated by including indication information in a subsequent message (i.e., the fourth message). Alternatively, the constellation shaping can be determined by whether the modulation scheme used in the subsequent message (i.e., the fourth message) is QAM (i.e., the first modulation scheme). For example, if message A is a frame in a Wi-Fi communication system, after the second communication device receives message A, the first or second communication device can send a PPDU. The physical layer (PHY) header of the PPDU can carry indication information to indicate whether the PPDU (or its physical layer payload) has undergone constellation shaping. Alternatively, the constellation shaping can be determined based on the modulation and coding scheme (MCS) carried by the PPDU. For example, when the modulation scheme indicated by the MCS carried by the PPDU is the first modulation scheme (such as QAM), it indicates that the PPDU (or the PHY payload of the PPDU) has undergone constellation shaping. It is understood that this implementation can still disable the constellation shaping function via message D (i.e., the third message); of course, it is also possible to disable the constellation shaping function without it; this application embodiment does not impose any limitations.

[0254] The following examples illustrate how some or all of the above messages (such as message A, message B, message C, or message D) are implemented in different communication systems (such as Wi-Fi communication systems and cellular communication systems).

[0255] Implementation Method 1: Some or all of the above messages are frames in a Wi-Fi communication system.

[0256] Implementation Method 1.1: The aforementioned message A can be a newly defined frame, such as a Constellations Shaping Request frame, which can be used to request or instruct the activation of the constellations shaping function. Of course, this newly defined frame can also have other names, such as a probability shaping frame, a constellation probability indication frame, etc. This application embodiment does not limit the name of this newly defined frame.

[0257] For example, referring to Figure 16, which is a schematic diagram of the frame format of a constellations shaping request frame provided in an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 16, the functional field of the constellations shaping request frame may include, but is not limited to, the QAM constellation probability field (i.e., the first information). Optionally, the functional field of the constellations shaping request frame may also include, but is not limited to, one or more of the following: the QAM indication field (i.e., the second information), the constellations shaping presence field (i.e., the third information), the duration field (i.e., the fourth information), or the number of PPDUs field (i.e., the fifth information). The constellations shaping presence field can be used to indicate whether the constellations shaping function is enabled. For example, when the constellations shaping presence field is the first value, it indicates that the constellations shaping function is enabled; when the constellations shaping presence field is the second value, it indicates that it is reserved. It is understood that when the constellation shaping request frame includes a constellation shaping presence field, the constellation shaping presence field in this embodiment of the application has a first value, indicating that the constellation shaping function is enabled. The duration field (i.e., the fourth information) can be used to indicate the duration for which the constellation shaping function is enabled. It is understood that the constellation shaping function can be automatically disabled after the duration expires. The PPDU quantity field (i.e., the fifth information) can be used to indicate the number of PPDUs subsequently used for constellation shaping. It is understood that the constellation shaping function can be automatically disabled after the same number of PPDUs are sent. The QAM indication field (i.e., the second information) can be used to indicate the QAM modulation order (or modulation scheme) used by subsequent PPDUs, or it can be used to indicate one or more modulation orders (or, one or more modulation schemes). The modulation order (or modulation scheme) indicated by the QAM indication field corresponds to the subsequent QAM constellation probability field.

[0258] The QAM constellation probability field (i.e., the first information) can be used to indicate the probability of one or more constellation points in constellation shaping (under one or more modulation schemes). For example, these multiple constellation points belong to the same constellation diagram. For example, the number of QAM constellation probability fields in the constellation shaping request frame is the same as the modulation order indicated by the QAM indication field. One QAM constellation probability field can be used to indicate the probability of one or more constellation points in constellation shaping under one modulation scheme. Of course, a QAM constellation probability field can also be used to indicate the probability of one or more constellation points in constellation shaping under multiple modulation schemes, in which case the number of QAM constellation probability fields in the constellation shaping request frame is different from the modulation order indicated by the QAM indication field. For example, the probabilities of multiple constellation points (such as those in Table 1, Table 2, or Table 9, etc.) can be arranged according to a certain pattern in the QAM constellation probability field, and these probabilities correspond one-to-one with the constellation points in constellation shaping, thereby representing the probability of each constellation point in constellation shaping. In other words, the QAM constellation probability field can carry one or more probability values ​​to represent the probability of each constellation point in constellation shaping.

[0259] In one possible implementation, the QAM of different modulation orders and their corresponding constellation point probabilities can be standardized. Each modulation order QAM and its corresponding constellation point probability distribution can be represented by an index. During interaction, the modulation order (or modulation scheme) and the probability of one or more constellation points in the constellation scheme can be indicated by transmitting the index. For example, suppose the aforementioned Table 1 corresponds to one index (e.g., index 1), representing a constellation point probability distribution under 16QAM; the aforementioned Table 2 corresponds to another index (e.g., index 2), representing a constellation point probability distribution under 64QAM; and the aforementioned Table 9 corresponds to yet another index (e.g., index 3), representing another constellation point probability distribution under 16QAM. In other words, with a unique index value, the aforementioned QAM constellation probability field (i.e., the first piece of information) can indicate a certain modulation scheme and the probability of one or more constellation points in the constellation scheme under that modulation scheme through the index value. Alternatively, if the index value is unique, the QAM constellation probability field (i.e., the first information) can include a constellation shaping pattern index. A constellation shaping pattern index corresponds to a modulation method and the probability of a set of constellation points under this modulation method.

[0260] For example, suppose there are 3 constellation point probability distributions under 16QAM, with indices from index 1 to index 3; suppose there are 4 constellation point probability distributions under 64QAM, with indices from index 1 to index 4. In other words, when the index values ​​are not unique, the probability of one or more constellation points in constellation shaping can be determined by jointly using the modulation order and the index value. For instance, the QAM constellation probability field (i.e., the first information) mentioned above may include the constellation shaping mode index, and the QAM indicator field (i.e., the second information) indicates the modulation order (or modulation scheme). The probability of one or more constellation points in constellation shaping can be determined by the QAM constellation probability field (i.e., the first information) and the QAM indicator field (i.e., the second information). It can be understood that one constellation shaping mode index corresponds to one or more sets of constellation point probabilities (under one modulation scheme). For yet another example, when the index values ​​are not unique, the constellation shaping request frame may not contain the QAM indicator field, while the QAM constellation probability field may include the constellation shaping mode index and the modulation order (or modulation scheme). For example, the first n bits (n is a positive integer) of the QAM constellation probability field indicate the modulation order (or modulation scheme), while some or all of the remaining bits represent the index value. In other words, the QAM constellation probability field (i.e., the first information) can indicate both the modulation order (or modulation scheme) and the probability of one or more constellation points in the constellation shaping under that modulation order (or modulation scheme).

[0261] In this application, the QAM of different modulation orders and their corresponding constellation point probability distributions are standardized. When constellation shaping using one or more modulation methods is required, the signaling overhead can be reduced (or the number of bits required for the QAM constellation probability field (i.e., the first information) can be reduced through index interaction).

[0262] It is understood that the length, name, and / or order of the fields in Figure 16 are merely examples, and this application embodiment does not impose any limitations. This application embodiment also does not limit the specific indication method of the above-mentioned fields; any method capable of indicating the corresponding information is within the protection scope of this application embodiment.

[0263] In one possible implementation, after receiving the constellation shaping request frame, the second communication device can reply with a newly defined frame, such as a constellation shaping response frame, to indicate whether the device that received the constellation shaping request frame (here, the second communication device) agrees to use / enable the constellation shaping function. In other words, the aforementioned message C can also be a newly defined frame, such as a constellation shaping response frame. Of course, this newly defined frame can also have other names, such as a probability shaping response frame, a probability response frame, etc. This application embodiment does not limit the name of this newly defined frame.

[0264] For example, referring to Figure 17, which is a schematic diagram of the frame format of the constellation shaping response frame provided in an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 17, the functional field (Constellations Shaping Response Action field) of this constellation shaping response frame may include, but is not limited to, a status code field (i.e., the sixth information). Optionally, the functional field of this constellation shaping response frame may also include, but is not limited to, one or more of the following: a QAM indication field, or a QAM constellation probability field. The status code field (i.e., the sixth information) can be used to indicate whether the recipient of the constellation shaping request frame agrees to use / enable the constellation shaping function. For example, when the status code field is a first value, it indicates agreement to use / enable the constellation shaping function; when the status code field is a second value, it indicates refusal to use / enable the constellation shaping function. Exemplarily, the first and second values ​​can be set according to actual conditions, and this embodiment of the application does not impose limitations.

[0265] In one possible implementation, when the status code field indicates rejection of / enabling the constellation shaping function, a QAM indicator field can be included in the constellation shaping response frame to indicate the suggested / supported modulation order (or modulation scheme); and / or, a QAM constellation probability field can be included in the constellation shaping response frame to indicate the probability of one or more constellation points for the suggested / supported constellation shaping. Of course, when the status code field indicates agreement to use / enabling the constellation shaping function, a QAM indicator field and / or a QAM constellation probability field can also be included in the constellation shaping response frame. In this case, the QAM indicator field in the constellation shaping response frame can be the same as the QAM indicator field in the copy constellation shaping request frame; the QAM constellation probability field in the constellation shaping response frame can also be the same as the QAM constellation probability field in the copy constellation shaping request frame.

[0266] The meaning and possible implementation of the QAM indicator field and the QAM constellation probability field can be found in the relevant description in Figure 16 above, and will not be repeated here.

[0267] It is understood that the length, name, and / or order of the fields in Figure 17 are merely examples, and this application embodiment does not impose any limitations. This application embodiment also does not limit the specific indication method of the above-mentioned fields; any method capable of indicating the corresponding information is within the protection scope of this application embodiment.

[0268] In one possible implementation, the constellation shaping function is enabled through the interaction of the aforementioned constellation shaping request frames. Once enabled, when the modulation scheme used by the PPDU (i.e., the fourth message) sent by the first or second communication device is the first modulation scheme (such as QAM), it indicates that the PPDU uses (or has undergone) constellation shaping. Correspondingly, the receiving end of the PPDU needs to use constellation shaping dematching for decoding. It can be understood that the modulation scheme used by the PPDU can be determined by the MCS in the PPDU's physical layer header (PHY header), which will not be elaborated further below. For example, the PPDU (i.e., the fourth message) sent by the first or second communication device can be used for both communication data transmission and sensing measurement; this can be understood as the PPDU participating in both traditional communication processing and sensing processing.

[0269] In another possible implementation, after the constellation shaping function is enabled, indication information can be carried in the PPDU (i.e., the fourth message) sent by the first or second communication device to indicate whether the PPDU (i.e., the fourth message) has undergone constellation shaping. For example, this indication information can be located in the physical layer header (PHY header) of the PPDU. For instance, the indication information can be located in the universal signal (U-SIG) field of the PHY header, or in the high efficient signal A / high efficient signal B (HE-SIG-A / HE-SIG-B) field, or the extremely high throughput signal (EHT-SIG) field, or the ultra high reliability signal (UHR-SIG) field. For example, the indication information can be 1 bit; when the bit is 1, it indicates that the PPDU has undergone constellation shaping, and when the bit is 0, it indicates that the PPDU has not undergone constellation shaping. It is understood that whether this bit is 1 or 0 indicates that the PPDU has undergone constellation shaping, and this application embodiment does not impose any restrictions. Accordingly, after receiving the PPDU, the receiving end can determine whether the PPDU has undergone constellation shaping based on the indication information in the PHY header. If it has undergone constellation shaping, it can be decoded using constellation shaping dematching.

[0270] In one possible implementation, the first or second communication device can also disable the constellation shaping function via a newly defined frame, such as a Constellations Shaping Termination frame. In other words, the aforementioned message D can also be a newly defined frame, such as a Constellations Shaping Termination frame. Of course, this newly defined frame can also have other names, such as a probability-based shaping termination frame, a probability-based termination frame, etc. This application embodiment does not limit the name of this newly defined frame. It is understood that both the first and second communication devices can actively send a Constellations Shaping Termination frame to disable the constellation shaping function; this application embodiment does not restrict who disables the constellation shaping function.

[0271] The embodiments of this application use newly defined frames to interact with constellation shaping-related information (such as on / off, constellation shaping probability, modulation method, duration, etc.), which are clear in meaning and not easily confused.

[0272] Implementation Method 1.2: The aforementioned message A can be a frame from a multiplexed sensing protocol, such as a Sensing Measurement Request frame. This Sensing Measurement Request frame may carry first information (such as the QAM constellation probability field mentioned above), and optionally also carries one or more of the following: second information (such as the QAM indication field mentioned above), third information (such as the constellation shaping existence field mentioned above), fourth information (such as the duration field mentioned above), or fifth information (such as the PPDU quantity field mentioned above); the specific carrying method is not limited in this embodiment. For example, this information (such as the first, second, third, fourth, or fifth information) can be carried in the Sensing Measurement Request frame as a (sub)element, or in other forms. It is understood that a Sensing Measurement Request frame carrying the above information can also be called an "improved Sensing Measurement Request frame," etc., and this embodiment is not limited in this way.

[0273] In one possible implementation, when the perception measurement request frame carries first information (or a sub-element, which includes first, second, third, fourth, or fifth information), it indicates that the perception measurement request frame, in addition to its original function of negotiating perception-related operation parameters (such as the measurement session ID (MSID)), also requests the activation of the constellation shaping function. In another possible implementation, the perception measurement request frame includes third information, which is used to indicate the activation of the constellation shaping function. Yet another possible implementation involves defining a new frame to request the activation of the constellation shaping function. This newly defined frame can be sent before sending the perception measurement request frame. In other words, the aforementioned message B can be this newly defined frame. This application does not limit the implementation of this newly defined frame.

[0274] In one possible implementation, message C can also reuse frames from the sensing protocol, such as a Sensing Measurement Response frame. This Sensing Measurement Response frame may include sixth information (such as the status code field mentioned above) to indicate whether the recipient of the Sensing Measurement Request frame agrees to enable / use the constellation shaping function. It is understood that the Sensing Measurement Response frame carrying the sixth information may also be called an "improved Sensing Measurement Response frame," etc., and this application embodiment is not limited to this.

[0275] One possible implementation involves setting up a session mechanism where all PPDUs within a session use constellation shaping. Referring to existing sensing processes, a constellation-shaping session can be established using an identifier (ID). PPDUs within this session undergo constellation shaping, while PPDUs outside the session do not require constellation shaping and communicate using traditional methods. For example, constellation shaping can be enabled via sensing measurement request frames and sensing measurement response frames. Once enabled, constellation shaping can be used for all PPDUs (which may contain data) within a single session (such as the session corresponding to the MSID). In other words, once constellation shaping is enabled, only a portion of PPDUs transmitted over the air interface use constellation shaping.

[0276] In one possible implementation, after constellation shaping is enabled, when the modulation scheme of a PPDU (i.e., the fourth message) sent by the first or second communication device during a constellation shaping session is the first modulation scheme (such as QAM), it indicates that the PPDU uses (or has undergone) constellation shaping. Accordingly, the receiving end of the PPDU needs to use constellation shaping dematching for decoding.

[0277] In another possible implementation, after the constellation shaping function is enabled, an indication message can be carried in the PPDU (i.e., the fourth message) sent within the constellation shaping session to indicate whether the PPDU (i.e., the fourth message) has undergone constellation shaping. The specific implementation of the indication message can be found in the previous description and will not be repeated here.

[0278] In one possible implementation, message D can also reuse frames from the sensing protocol, such as the Sensing Measurement Session Termination frame, to disable the constellation shaping function. In other words, the Sensing Measurement Session Termination frame can be used not only to close the sensing measurement session corresponding to a specific MSID, but also to disable the constellation shaping function (within a constellation shaping session).

[0279] This application embodiment reduces signaling overhead by reusing frames in existing sensing protocols to exchange information related to constellation shaping (such as on / off, probability of constellation shaping, modulation method, duration, etc.), requiring minimal standard modifications and less implementation effort.

[0280] Implementation Method 2: Some or all of the above messages are signaling in a cellular communication system.

[0281] In one possible implementation, message A can be a radio resource control (RRC) message, which can be used to indicate whether constellation shaping is enabled for reference signals, control channels, or data channels transmitted on a specific resource. If the RRC message indicates that constellation shaping is enabled for reference signals, control channels, or data channels transmitted on a specific resource, it can carry the first information (indicating the probability of one or more constellation points for constellation shaping), optionally carrying one or more of the following: second information (indicating one or more modulation schemes), third information (indicating the enabling of constellation shaping), or fourth information (indicating the duration of enabling constellation shaping). This application primarily focuses on the case where constellation shaping is enabled. The "specific resource" can be indicated by its time-frequency location and / or antenna port. For example, the first information in the RRC message can be implemented using an index; as mentioned earlier, the probability distribution of each modulation order's QAM and its corresponding constellation points can be represented by an index. For another example, the first piece of information in the RRC message can also be implemented using a table (i.e., specific probability values), such as Table 1, Table 2, or Table 9 mentioned above. This application does not impose any limitations on the embodiments described.

[0282] For example, the way to convey constellation shaping information (such as first information, second information, etc.) in an RRC message includes representing it as a parameter set in the RRC message, where each parameter set defines a set of parameter configurations. For instance, multiple parameter sets can be carried in the RRC message. One parameter set defines a modulation scheme and the probability of one or more constellation points for constellation shaping under that modulation scheme. Optionally, this parameter set may also define one or more of the following: the duration of constellation shaping, the corresponding specific resource (such as time-frequency location and / or antenna port), and the applicable object of constellation shaping (such as reference signal, control channel, or data channel). Then, downlink control information (DCI) or uplink control information (UCI) indicates that a certain parameter set is used for the reference signal, control channel, or data channel transmitted on the specific resource. For example, parameter sets can be indicated by index.

[0283] In another possible implementation, message A can be DCI or UCI. Parameter sets and configurations can be built into the device or pre-defined. The DCI or UCI then instructs the reference signal, control channel, or data channel transmitted on a specific resource to use a particular parameter set. For example, the parameter set can be indicated by an index. Each parameter set defines a set of parameter configurations. For instance, a parameter set defines a modulation scheme and the probability of one or more constellation points for constellation shaping under that modulation scheme. Optionally, this parameter set may also define one or more of the following: the duration of constellation shaping, the corresponding specific resource (such as time-frequency location and / or antenna port), and the applicable objects of constellation shaping (such as reference signal, control channel, or data channel). It can be understood that if the DCI or UCI carries an index of the parameter set, it indicates that constellation shaping is enabled. Alternatively, before sending the DCI or UCI, an RRC message can be used to indicate that constellation shaping is enabled. In other words, message B can be an RRC message used to indicate that constellation shaping is enabled.

[0284] In an optional embodiment, the aforementioned first information may not be used to indicate the probability of one or more constellation points in constellation shaping, but rather to indicate a numerical value (such as a trade-off value). The first and second communication devices can infer the probability of constellation points in constellation shaping under the given QAM modulation order based on this numerical value and the QAM modulation order used in the current PPDU, thereby completing communication and sensing. It is understood that during PPDU transmission, the QAM modulation order used by each PPDU may be different depending on the channel conditions. Therefore, multiple PPDUs within a certain period (e.g., the duration of a sensing measurement session, or within the sensing time) may potentially not use the same QAM modulation order and its corresponding constellation point probability. Therefore, this embodiment of the application provides a numerical point, which can be combined with different QAM values ​​to infer the constellation point probability in constellation shaping. For example, this numerical value can be a normalized sidelobe value under fixed subcarrier and fixed symbol length. With a fixed subcarrier length and symbol length, the upper and lower limits of the sidelobes are given. Through the corresponding normalized sidelobe value, the probability under the corresponding QAM modulation order can be inferred.

[0285] In one possible implementation, the above describes the signaling interaction before constellation reshaping. The following describes the process of communication and sensing using the aforementioned signaling. After step S303, the communication method shown in Figure 15 further includes one or more of the following steps:

[0286] S304, the first communication device sends the fourth message. Correspondingly, the second communication device receives the fourth message.

[0287] S305, the second communication device processes the fourth message based on the probability of one or more constellation points in constellation shaping indicated by the first information, and obtains perception results and data.

[0288] It is understood that, for ease of description, this embodiment uses the example of a first communication device sending a fourth message; however, in practical applications, a second communication device may also send the fourth message, and the corresponding first communication device may receive and process the fourth message to obtain the sensing results and data. It is also understood that the processing procedure is the same regardless of whether the first or second communication device sends the fourth message; the following description uses the example of a first communication device sending a fourth message.

[0289] In one possible implementation, in a Wi-Fi communication system, the aforementioned fourth message can be a PPDU, which may include a physical layer payload (PHY payload). For example, before disabling constellation shaping, the first communication device sends a PPDU (here referring to the fourth message). When the modulation scheme used by the PPDU is the first modulation scheme (such as QAM), it indicates that the PPDU has undergone constellation shaping. For instance, the PHY header of the PPDU includes an MCS (Modulation Symbol Classification). When the MCS indicates the first modulation scheme (such as QAM), it indicates that the PPDU has undergone constellation shaping. Therefore, the physical layer payload of the PPDU includes the modulation symbols of a (binary) bit stream after constellation shaping according to the probabilities of multiple constellation points under the first modulation scheme. As another example, before disabling constellation shaping, the PPDU may include indication information to indicate whether the PPDU has undergone constellation shaping. For example, this indication information is located in the physical layer header of the PPDU, indicating that the PPDU has undergone constellation shaping. If the modulation scheme used by the MCS indication of the PPDU is the first modulation scheme, the physical layer load of the PPDU includes the modulation symbols after constellation shaping of the (binary) bit stream according to the probability of multiple constellation points under the first modulation scheme.

[0290] In another possible implementation, within a cellular communication system, the fourth message can be one or more of a reference signal, a control channel, or a data channel. Taking a reference signal as an example, if the first communication device transmits the reference signal on a specific resource, it indicates that the reference signal has undergone constellation shaping. If the modulation scheme of the reference signal is a first modulation scheme (such as QAM), the reference signal can include (binary) bit streams modulated according to the probabilities of multiple constellation points under the first modulation scheme. If the first communication device transmits the reference signal on resources other than the specific resource, it indicates that the reference signal has not undergone constellation shaping.

[0291] In one possible implementation, the specific implementation of constellation shaping can be found in the description of the embodiments shown in Figure 5 or Figure 11 above, and will not be repeated here.

[0292] In one possible implementation, after receiving the fourth message, the second communication device can remove the guard interval (GI) and serial-to-parallel conversion, and then recover the received modulation symbol sequence from the received fourth message through a DFT operation. The sensing result can then be obtained based on this modulation symbol sequence. Alternatively, the second communication device can also perform constellation shaping dematching on the modulation symbol sequence based on the probabilities of one or more constellation points used by the first communication device to obtain communication data. It is understood that constellation shaping dematching is the inverse process of constellation shaping, which will not be detailed here. Wherein, if the first information of message A only indicates the probabilities of one or more constellation points under a single modulation scheme, then "the probabilities of one or more constellation points used by the first communication device" can be the probabilities of these one or more constellation points indicated by the first information. If the first information of message A indicates the probabilities of one or more constellation points under multiple modulation schemes, then "the probabilities of one or more constellation points used by the first communication device" can be determined based on the first information and the modulation scheme used in the fourth message. For example, the first communication device selects a modulation scheme and the probabilities of one or more constellation points under that modulation scheme according to the current channel environment. Since the fourth message carries information indicating the modulation scheme (such as MCS), the second communication device can determine the probability of one or more constellation points of constellation shaping used by the first communication device from the probabilities of one or more constellation points of constellation shaping under multiple modulation schemes indicated by the first message based on the modulation scheme indicated by the MCS, thereby completing the constellation shaping dematching.

[0293] The embodiments of this application use message A to align the probability of constellation points in constellation shaping, which can support simultaneous communication and sensing, laying the foundation for integrated communication and sensing, and can also improve sensing performance while taking into account communication performance.

[0294] Referring to Figure 18, which is another schematic flowchart of the communication method provided in this application embodiment, this method can be applied to scenarios where Wi-Fi communication and sensing occur simultaneously. This method mainly describes how the first and second communication devices align the probability of one or more constellation points in constellation shaping by communicating and sensing the physical layer header (PHY header) of the PPDU.

[0295] As shown in Figure 18, the communication method includes, but is not limited to, the following steps:

[0296] S401, the first communication device generates a PPDU, the PPDU including a physical layer header, the physical layer header including first information, the first information being used to indicate the probability of one or more constellation points for constellation shaping of the PPDU.

[0297] S402, the first communication device sends the PPDU. Correspondingly, the second communication device receives the PPDU.

[0298] S403, the second communication device processes the PPDU based on the aforementioned first information to obtain sensing results and data.

[0299] In one possible implementation, a first communication device generates and transmits a PPDU (Physical Point Unit) for both communication and sensing (referred to as a communication-sensing PPDU), and a second communication device receives the PPDU. The PPDU may include a Physical Layer Header (PHY Header) containing first information. This first information may be used to indicate the probability of one or more constellation points for constellation shaping by the PPDU. For example, the probability of the one or more constellation points for constellation shaping is predefined, such as the probabilities shown in Tables 1, 2, or 9 above; or the probability of the one or more constellation points for constellation shaping is determined based on a predefined probability interval, such as the probability interval shown in Tables 5a, 5b, 8a, or 8b above. Alternatively, the first information may be used to indicate an algorithm, formula, or parameter, which can be used to determine (or calculate) the probability of one or more constellation points for constellation shaping by the PPDU. The PPDU can be used simultaneously for data transmission and sensing measurements.

[0300] In one possible implementation, for a given modulation scheme, the probabilities of each constellation point in constellation shaping are equal, as shown in the constellation point probability distribution P obtained in step 201 of Figure 11 above. A In this implementation, the aforementioned first information can indicate the probability of a single constellation point undergoing constellation shaping by the PPDU, or it can indicate the probability of multiple constellation points undergoing constellation shaping by the PPDU (the probabilities of these multiple constellation points are equal). This application embodiment does not limit this. In another possible implementation, for a modulation scheme, there are constellation points with unequal probabilities among the constellation points undergoing constellation shaping, or in other words, at least two constellation points have unequal probabilities, as shown in the constellation point probability distribution P obtained in step 101 of Figure 5 above. A In this implementation, the aforementioned first information can indicate the probability of multiple constellation points for constellation shaping by the PPDU.

[0301] In one possible implementation, if different MCSs are used on different spatial streams (mainly considering the different modulation schemes within the MCSs), then different constellation point probability distributions for constellation shaping may also be used for different spatial streams. Therefore, the aforementioned first information can be used to indicate the probability of one or more constellation points for constellation shaping on each spatial stream by the aforementioned PPDU. For example, this first information can be carried in various SIG fields of the PHY Header, such as the U-SIG field, HE-SIG-A / HE-SIG-B field, EHT-SIG field, or a future UHR-SIG field, etc.

[0302] In one possible implementation, if different MCSs are used on different resource units (RUs) (mainly considering the different modulation schemes within the MCSs), then different constellation point probability distributions for constellation shaping may also be used for different RUs. Therefore, the aforementioned first information can be used to indicate the probability of one or more constellation points for constellation shaping on each RU by the aforementioned PPDU. For example, this first information can be carried in various SIG fields of the PHY Header, such as the U-SIG field, HE-SIG-A / HE-SIG-B field, EHT-SIG field, or a future UHR-SIG field, etc.

[0303] In one possible implementation, the probabilities of QAMs of different modulation orders and their corresponding constellation points in constellation shaping can be standardized. Each modulation order QAM and its corresponding constellation point probability distribution can be represented by an index. During interaction, the probability of one or more constellation points in constellation shaping can be indicated by transmitting the index. For example, when the index value is unique, i.e., one index value corresponds to the probability of a set of constellation points in constellation shaping, the aforementioned first information may include a constellation shaping mode index, which corresponds to a modulation scheme and the probability of a set of constellation points in constellation shaping under this modulation scheme. As another example, when the index value is not unique, i.e., one index value corresponds to the probability of one or more sets of constellation points in constellation shaping, the probability of one or more constellation points in constellation shaping performed by the PPDU can be determined by jointly using the modulation order (or modulation scheme) and the index value. For example, the first information may include a constellation shaping mode index, which, along with the modulation scheme used by the PPDU, can jointly determine the probability of a set of constellation points in constellation shaping performed by the PPDU.

[0304] In one possible implementation, the aforementioned PPDU is a single-user (SU) PPDU. For example, the first information (such as an index value) can be located in any of the following fields of the PHY Header: the U-SIG field, the HE-SIG-A / HE-SIG-B field, the EHT-SIG field, or the future UHR-SIG field. Of course, this first information can also be located in other fields of the PHY Header, and this application embodiment does not impose any limitations.

[0305] In another possible implementation, the aforementioned PPDU can be any PPDU from a multi-user PPDU set. It's understandable that if different users use different MCSs (primarily considering the different modulation schemes within the MCSs) during multi-user transmission, it might be necessary to exchange first information (such as a constellation shaping pattern index) for each user. This first information indexes the probability of one or more constellation points for constellation shaping of a user's PPDU. For example, assuming the aforementioned PPDU is an EHT PPDU, if multiple users use the same constellation point probability distribution for constellation shaping, the first information (such as the constellation shaping pattern index) can be placed in the common field of the EHT-SIG. If multiple users use different constellation point probability distributions for constellation shaping, then each user's first information (such as the constellation shaping pattern index) can be placed in the user-specific field of their respective EHT-SIG.

[0306] In one possible implementation, the physical layer header of the aforementioned PPDU may further include seventh information, which can be used to indicate whether the PPDU has undergone constellation shaping. For example, when the seventh information is a first value, it indicates that the PPDU has undergone constellation shaping; when the seventh information is a second value, it indicates that the PPDU has not undergone constellation shaping. For example, the seventh information may be located in any of the following fields: the U-SIG field, the HE-SIG-A / HE-SIG-B field, the EHT-SIG field, or a future UHR-SIG field. For example, the seventh information is 1 bit.

[0307] In short, the embodiments of this application can use the PHY Header of the PPDU to interact with whether the PPDU has undergone probability shaping and the probability of one or more constellation points of the PPDU undergoing constellation shaping.

[0308] In one possible implementation, after receiving the PPDU, the second communication device can remove the guard interval (GI) and perform serial-to-parallel conversion, then recover the modulation symbol sequence from the received PPDU through a DFT operation, and finally obtain the sensing result based on the modulation symbol sequence. Alternatively, the second communication device can also perform constellation shaping and dematching on the modulation symbol sequence based on the indication of the first information to obtain communication data. It is understood that constellation shaping and dematching is the reverse process of constellation shaping, which will not be detailed here. For example, the specific implementation of constellation shaping can be found in the description of the embodiments shown in Figure 5 or Figure 11 above, and will not be repeated here.

[0309] In one possible implementation, before the first communication device sends the PPDU (i.e., before step S402), the first communication device sends or receives message B, which can be used to request the activation of the constellation shaping function. For example, message B can be a frame in a Wi-Fi communication system. For instance, when the first communication device sends message B to request the activation of the constellation shaping function, after receiving message B, the second communication device can send message C (i.e., the second message) to the first communication device. Message C may include sixth information, which can be used to indicate whether the second communication device agrees to activate the constellation shaping function. Of course, after receiving message B, the second communication device may not reply with message C, but instead default to agreeing to activate the constellation shaping function. Alternatively, when the second communication device sends message B to request the activation of the constellation shaping function, after receiving message B, the first communication device can send the aforementioned PPDU to the second communication device, carrying the first information, implicitly or explicitly indicating agreement to activate the constellation shaping function. Of course, the first communication device may also return another message to the second communication device indicating agreement to activate the constellation shaping function, and then send the aforementioned PPDU to the second communication device. The specific implementation of messages B, C, and the sixth information can be found in the description of implementation method 1 in the embodiment shown in Figure 15 above, and will not be repeated here.

[0310] In one possible implementation, message B may include one or more of the following: third information, fourth information, or fifth information. The meaning and specific implementation of the third, fourth, and fifth information can be found in the relevant description in the embodiment shown in Figure 15 above, and will not be repeated here.

[0311] In one possible implementation, after step S403, the first or second communication device can disable the constellation shaping function via message D (i.e., the third message). For example, after step S403, the first or second communication device can send message D, which can be used to disable the constellation shaping function. The specific implementation of message D can be found in the description of implementation method 1 in the aforementioned embodiment shown in Figure 15, and will not be repeated here.

[0312] It is understandable that after the constellation shaping function is disabled, the physical header of the PPDU sent by the first or second communication device does not need to carry the first information. For example, the position in the physical header of the PPDU that carries the first information can be reserved. Of course, the first information can also be carried, but the receiving end of the PPDU no longer perceives the first information, or in other words, the receiving end of the PPDU ignores the first information.

[0313] In this embodiment, the first information carried in the physical layer header of the communication sensing PPDU is used to indicate the probability of constellation points used by the communication sensing PPDU for constellation shaping, which can improve sensing performance while taking into account communication performance.

[0314] The foregoing details the method provided in this application. To facilitate the implementation of the above-described solutions in the embodiments of this application, corresponding apparatus or devices are also provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0315] This application divides the communication device into functional modules according to the above method embodiments. For example, each function can be divided into its own functional modules, or two or more functions can be integrated into one processing module. The integrated modules can be implemented in hardware or as software functional modules. It should be noted that the module division in this application is illustrative and only represents one logical functional division; other division methods may be used in actual implementation. The communication device of the embodiments of this application will be described in detail below with reference to Figures 19 to 21.

[0316] Referring to Figure 19, which is a schematic diagram of a communication device provided in an embodiment of this application, the communication device includes a transceiver unit 10 and a processing unit 20. The transceiver unit 10 can implement corresponding communication functions, and the processing unit 20 is used for data processing. The transceiver unit 10 can also be referred to as a communication interface or communication unit, etc.

[0317] In some embodiments of this application, the communication device may be the first communication device shown above. That is, the communication device shown in FIG19 may be used to perform the steps or functions performed by the first communication device in the above method embodiments. For example, the communication device may be the first communication device or a chip or functional module configured in the first communication device, etc., and this application embodiment does not limit this. The transceiver unit 10 is used to perform the transceiver-related operations of the first communication device in the above method embodiments, and the processing unit 20 is used to perform the processing-related operations of the first communication device in the above method embodiments.

[0318] For example, processing unit 20 is used to generate first information, which indicates the probability of one or more constellation points in constellation shaping; transceiver unit 10 is used to send the first information.

[0319] It is understood that the transceiver unit 10 can send the first information to other communication devices, or the transceiver unit 10 can output the first information from the processing unit 20 to other components or other functional modules in the communication device. The explanations regarding the output of other information by the transceiver unit are similar and will not be detailed below.

[0320] For example, the transceiver unit 10 is specifically used to send a first message, which includes the first information and is used to request the activation of the constellation shaping function.

[0321] For example, the transceiver unit 10 is also configured to send a first message, which is used to request the activation of the constellation shaping function.

[0322] For example, the transceiver unit 10 is also configured to receive a second message, which includes a sixth message, which is used to indicate whether the second communication device agrees to enable the constellation shaping function.

[0323] It is understood that the transceiver unit 10 can receive the second message from other communication devices, or the transceiver unit 10 can input the second message from other components or other functional modules in the communication device. The explanations regarding the input of other information by the transceiver unit are similar and will not be detailed below.

[0324] For example, the transceiver unit 10 is also configured to send or receive a third message for disabling the constellation shaping function.

[0325] For example, the transceiver unit 10 is also used to send or receive a fourth message, and when the modulation method used by the fourth message is the first modulation method, it indicates that the fourth message has undergone constellation shaping.

[0326] For example, the transceiver unit 10 is also configured to send or receive a fourth message, which includes indication information for indicating whether the fourth message has undergone constellation shaping.

[0327] For specific explanations of the first message, first information, second message, third message, fourth message, etc., please refer to the method implementation examples shown above, which will not be detailed here.

[0328] It is understood that the specific descriptions of the transceiver unit and processing unit shown in the embodiments of this application are merely examples. For the specific functions or execution steps of the transceiver unit and processing unit, please refer to the above method embodiments, which will not be described in detail here. For example, the transceiver unit 10 can be used to execute step S302 (and step S304) shown in FIG15, or step S402 shown in FIG18; the processing unit 20 can be used to execute step S301 shown in FIG15, or step S401 shown in FIG18, or steps S101 to S103 shown in FIG5, or steps S201 to S203 shown in FIG11.

[0329] Reusing Figure 19, in some other embodiments of this application, the communication device may be the second communication device shown above. That is, the communication device shown in Figure 19 may be used to perform the steps or functions performed by the second communication device in the above method embodiments. For example, the communication device may be the second communication device or a chip or functional module configured in the second communication device, etc., and this application embodiment does not limit this. The transceiver unit 10 is used to perform the transceiver-related operations of the second communication device in the above method embodiments, and the processing unit 20 is used to perform the processing-related operations of the second communication device in the above method embodiments.

[0330] For example, the transceiver unit 10 is used to receive first information, which is used to indicate the probability of one or more constellation points in constellation shaping; the processing unit 20 is used to process the first information.

[0331] For example, the transceiver unit 10 is specifically used to receive a first message, which includes the first information and is used to request the activation of the constellation shaping function.

[0332] For example, the transceiver unit 10 is also configured to receive a first message, which is used to request the activation of the constellation shaping function.

[0333] For example, the transceiver unit 10 is also configured to send a second message, which includes a sixth message, which is used to indicate whether the second communication device agrees to enable the constellation shaping function.

[0334] For example, the transceiver unit 10 is also configured to receive or send a third message for disabling the constellation shaping function.

[0335] For example, the transceiver unit 10 is also used to receive or send a fourth message, and when the modulation method used by the fourth message is the first modulation method, it indicates that the fourth message has undergone constellation shaping.

[0336] For example, the transceiver unit 10 is also configured to receive or send a fourth message, which includes indication information for indicating whether the fourth message has undergone constellation shaping.

[0337] For specific explanations of the first message, first information, second message, third message, fourth message, etc., please refer to the method implementation examples shown above, which will not be detailed here.

[0338] It is understood that the specific descriptions of the transceiver unit and processing unit shown in the embodiments of this application are merely examples. For the specific functions or execution steps of the transceiver unit and processing unit, please refer to the above method embodiments, which will not be described in detail here. For example, the transceiver unit 10 can be used to receive message A sent in step S302 of FIG15 (and the fourth message sent in step S304), or to receive PPDU sent in step S402 of FIG18; the processing unit 20 can be used to execute step S303 (and step S305) shown in FIG15, or to execute step S403 shown in FIG18, or to execute steps S101 to S103 shown in FIG5, or to execute steps S201 to S203 shown in FIG11.

[0339] The communication device of the present application embodiments has been described above. The following describes possible product forms of the communication device. It should be understood that any product possessing the functions of the communication device described in FIG19 above falls within the protection scope of the present application embodiments. It should also be understood that the following description is merely illustrative and does not limit the product form of the communication device of the present application embodiments to this.

[0340] In one possible implementation, in the communication device shown in FIG19, the processing unit 20 may be one or more processors, and the transceiver unit 10 may be a transceiver, or the transceiver unit 10 may also be a transmitting unit and a receiving unit. The transmitting unit may be a transmitter, and the receiving unit may be a receiver. The transmitting unit and the receiving unit are integrated into one device, such as a transceiver. In the embodiments of this application, the processor and the transceiver may be coupled, etc., and the connection method of the processor and the transceiver is not limited in the embodiments of this application. In the process of executing the above method, the process of sending information (such as sending first information, etc.) in the above method can be understood as the process of the processor outputting the above information. When outputting the above information, the processor outputs the above information to the transceiver so that the transceiver can transmit it. After the above information is output by the processor, it may need to undergo other processing before reaching the transceiver. Similarly, the process of receiving information (such as receiving first information, etc.) in the above method can be understood as the process of the processor receiving the input above information. When the processor receives the input information, the transceiver receives the above information and inputs it into the processor. Furthermore, after the transceiver receives the aforementioned information, the information may need to undergo further processing before being input into the processor.

[0341] Referring to Figure 20, which is another structural schematic diagram of the communication device provided in an embodiment of this application, the communication device can be a first communication device or a second communication device, or a chip therein. This communication device can be used to implement the methods described in the above method embodiments, as can be seen in the descriptions in the above method embodiments. Figure 20 only shows the main components of the communication device. The communication device includes one or more processors 1001, and may also include a transceiver 1002. The communication device may further include a memory 1003. The communication device may also include input / output devices (not shown in the figure).

[0342] The processor 1001 is mainly used to process communication protocols and communication data, control the entire communication device, execute software programs, and process the data of the software programs. The memory 1003 is mainly used to store software programs and data. The transceiver 1002 is mainly used to realize information interaction between the communication device and external systems. The transceiver 1002 can be implemented through input / output circuits, or it can include a control circuit and an antenna. The control circuit is mainly used for converting baseband signals to radio frequency signals and processing radio frequency signals. The antenna is mainly used for transmitting and receiving radio frequency signals in the form of electromagnetic waves. Input / output devices, such as touch screens, displays, and keyboards, are mainly used to receive user input data and output data to the user.

[0343] When the communication device is powered on, the processor 1001 can read the software program in the memory 1003, interpret and execute the instructions of the software program, and process the data of the software program. When data needs to be transmitted wirelessly, the processor 1001 performs baseband processing on the data to be transmitted and outputs the baseband signal to the radio frequency (RF) circuit. The RF circuit processes the baseband signal and transmits the RF signal outward in the form of electromagnetic waves through the antenna. When data is sent to the communication device, the RF circuit receives the RF signal through the antenna, converts the RF signal into a baseband signal, and outputs the baseband signal to the processor 1001. The processor 1001 converts the baseband signal into data and processes the data.

[0344] In another implementation, the radio frequency circuitry and antenna can be set up independently of the processor performing baseband processing. For example, in a distributed scenario, the radio frequency circuitry and antenna can be arranged remotely, independent of the communication device.

[0345] The processor 1001, transceiver 1002, and memory 1003 can be connected via a communication bus.

[0346] For example, when the communication device is used to perform the steps, methods, or functions of the above-described method embodiment one, the processor 1001 may be used to perform steps S101 to S103 in FIG5, and / or to perform other processes of the technology described herein.

[0347] For example, when the communication device is used to perform the steps, methods, or functions of the second embodiment of the method described above, the processor 1001 may be used to perform steps S201 to S203 in FIG11, and / or to perform other processes of the technology described herein.

[0348] For example, when the communication device is used to perform the steps, methods, or functions performed by the first communication device in the above-described method embodiment three, the processor 1001 may be used to perform step S301 in FIG15, and / or to perform other processes of the technology described herein; the transceiver 1002 may be used to perform steps S302 and S304 in FIG15, and / or to perform other processes of the technology described herein.

[0349] For example, when the communication device is used to perform the steps, methods, or functions performed by the second communication device in the above-described method embodiment three, the processor 1001 can be used to perform steps S303 and S305 in FIG15, and / or to perform other processes of the technology described herein; the transceiver 1002 can be used to receive message A sent in step S302 and the fourth message sent in step S304 of FIG15, and / or to perform other processes of the technology described herein.

[0350] For example, when the communication device is used to perform the steps, methods, or functions performed by the first communication device in the above-described method embodiment four, the processor 1001 may be used to perform step S401 in FIG18, and / or to perform other processes of the technology described herein; the transceiver 1002 may be used to perform step S402 in FIG18, and / or to perform other processes of the technology described herein.

[0351] For example, when the communication device is used to perform the steps, methods, or functions performed by the second communication device in the above-described method embodiment four, the processor 1001 may be used to perform step S403 in FIG18, and / or to perform other processes of the technology described herein; the transceiver 1002 may be used to receive the PPDU sent in step S402 of FIG18, and / or to perform other processes of the technology described herein.

[0352] In any of the above designs, the processor 1001 may include a transceiver for implementing receiving and transmitting functions. For example, the transceiver may be a transceiver circuit, an interface, or an interface circuit. The transceiver circuit, interface, or interface circuit for implementing receiving and transmitting functions may be separate or integrated. The aforementioned transceiver circuit, interface, or interface circuit may be used for reading and writing code / data, or it may be used for transmitting or relaying signals.

[0353] In any of the above designs, the processor 1001 may store instructions, which may be computer programs. These computer programs, running on the processor 1001, cause the communication device to perform the methods described in the above method embodiments. The computer program may be embedded in the processor 1001; in this case, the processor 1001 may be implemented in hardware.

[0354] In one implementation, the communication device may include circuitry capable of performing the functions of transmitting, receiving, or communicating as described in the foregoing method embodiments. The processor and transceiver described in this application can be implemented on integrated circuits (ICs), analog ICs, radio frequency integrated circuits (RFICs), mixed-signal ICs, application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), printed circuit boards (PCBs), electronic devices, etc. The processor and transceiver can also be manufactured using various IC process technologies, such as complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS), n-metal-oxide-semiconductor (NMOS), positive-channel metal-oxide-semiconductor (PMOS), bipolar junction transistors (BJTs), bipolar CMOS (BiCMOS), silicon-germanium (SiGe), gallium arsenide (GaAs), etc.

[0355] It is understood that the communication device shown in the embodiments of this application may have more components than those in FIG20, and the embodiments of this application do not limit this. The methods executed by the processor and transceiver shown above are only examples, and the specific steps executed by the processor and transceiver can be referred to the description of the method embodiments above.

[0356] In another possible implementation, in the communication device shown in FIG19, the processing unit 20 can be one or more logic circuits, and the transceiver unit 10 can be an input / output interface, or a communication interface, or an interface circuit, or an interface, etc. Alternatively, the transceiver unit 10 can also be a sending unit and a receiving unit. The sending unit can be an output interface, and the receiving unit can be an input interface. The sending unit and the receiving unit are integrated into one unit, such as an input / output interface. Referring to FIG21, FIG21 is another structural schematic diagram of the communication device provided in the embodiments of this application. As shown in FIG21, the communication device shown in FIG21 includes a logic circuit 901 and an interface 902. That is, the above-mentioned processing unit 20 can be implemented by the logic circuit 901, and the transceiver unit 10 can be implemented by the interface 902. Among them, the logic circuit 901 can be a chip, a processing circuit, an integrated circuit, or a system on chip (SoC) chip, etc., and the interface 902 can be a communication interface, an input / output interface, a pin, etc. For example, FIG21 shows the above-mentioned communication device as a chip, which includes a logic circuit 901 and an interface 902.

[0357] In this embodiment, the logic circuit and the interface can also be coupled to each other. The specific connection method between the logic circuit and the interface is not limited in this embodiment.

[0358] For example, when used to perform the method or function or step executed by the first communication device in the foregoing method embodiment, logic circuit 901 is used to generate first information, which is used to indicate the probability of one or more constellation points in constellation shaping; interface 902 is used to output the first information.

[0359] For example, when used to perform the method or function or step executed by the first communication device in the foregoing method embodiment, interface 902 is used to input first information, which is used to indicate the probability of one or more constellation points in constellation shaping; logic circuit 901 is used to process the first information.

[0360] It is understood that specific explanations regarding the first information, constellation shaping, and the probability of constellation points can be found in the method implementation examples shown above, and will not be elaborated upon here.

[0361] It is understood that the communication device shown in the embodiments of this application can implement the method provided in the embodiments of this application in hardware form or in software form, etc., and the embodiments of this application do not limit it in this way.

[0362] For specific implementations of the embodiment shown in Figure 21, please refer to the above embodiments, which will not be described in detail here.

[0363] This application also provides a wireless communication system, which includes a first communication device and / or a second communication device, which can be used to perform the methods in any of the foregoing embodiments.

[0364] In addition, this application also provides a computer program for implementing the operations and / or processes performed by the first communication device in the method provided in this application.

[0365] This application also provides a computer program for implementing the operations and / or processes performed by the second communication device in the method provided in this application.

[0366] This application also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing computer code that, when executed on a computer, causes the computer to perform the operations and / or processes performed by the first communication device in the method provided in this application.

[0367] This application also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing computer code that, when executed on a computer, causes the computer to perform the operations and / or processes performed by the second communication device in the method provided in this application.

[0368] This application also provides a computer program product, which includes computer code or a computer program that, when run on a computer, causes the operations and / or processes performed by the first communication device in the method provided in this application to be executed.

[0369] This application also provides a computer program product, which includes computer code or a computer program that, when run on a computer, causes the operations and / or processes performed by the second communication device in the method provided in this application to be executed.

[0370] In the embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, apparatuses, and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative. For instance, the division of units is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. In addition, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be an indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, devices, or units, or it may be an electrical, mechanical, or other form of connection.

[0371] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the technical effects of the solutions provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0372] Furthermore, the functional units in the various embodiments of this application can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit. The integrated unit can be implemented in hardware or as a software functional unit.

[0373] If the integrated unit is implemented as a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this application, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or all or part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a readable storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of this application. The aforementioned readable storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0374] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A communication method, characterized in that, include: A first communication device generates first information, which is used to indicate the probability of one or more constellation points in constellation shaping. The first communication device sends the first information.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first communication device sends the first information, including: The first communication device sends a first message, which includes the first information, and the first message is used to request the activation of the constellation shaping function.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Before the first communication device sends the first information, the method further includes: The first communication device sends a first message, which is used to request the activation of the constellation shaping function.

4. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first message also includes second information, which is used to indicate one or more modulation methods; The first information is specifically used to indicate the probability of one or more constellation points in constellation shaping under the one or more modulation methods.

5. The method according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that, The first message may also include one or more of the following: third information, fourth information, or fifth information; The third information is used to indicate the activation of the constellation shaping function, the fourth information is used to indicate the duration of activation of the constellation shaping function, and the fifth information is used to indicate the number of Physical Layer Protocol Data Units (PPDUs) used in the constellation shaping function.

6. The method according to any one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that, After the first communication device sends the first message, the method further includes: The first communication device receives a second message, the second message including a sixth message, the sixth message being used to indicate whether the second communication device agrees to enable the constellation shaping function.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The first message is a sensing measurement request frame, and the second message is a sensing measurement response frame.

8. The method according to any one of claims 2 to 7, characterized in that, After the first communication device sends the first message, the method further includes: The first communication device sends or receives a third message, which is used to disable the constellation shaping function.

9. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, After the first communication device sends the first information, the method further includes: The first communication device sends or receives a fourth message. When the modulation method used by the fourth message is the first modulation method, it indicates that the fourth message has undergone constellation shaping.

10. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, After the first communication device sends the first information, the method further includes: The first communication device sends or receives a fourth message, the fourth message including indication information, the indication information being used to indicate whether the fourth message has undergone constellation shaping.

11. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that, The fourth message is a Physical Layer Protocol Data Unit (PPDU). The modulation scheme used by the PPDU is the first modulation scheme. The physical layer payload of the PPDU includes the modulation symbols after the bit stream is constellation shaped according to the probability of one or more constellation points under the first modulation scheme indicated by the first information.

12. The method according to claim 10, characterized in that, The fourth message is a Physical Layer Protocol Data Unit (PPDU). The indication information indicates that the PPDU has undergone constellation shaping. The modulation scheme used by the PPDU is the first modulation scheme. The physical layer payload of the PPDU includes the modulation symbols of the bit stream after constellation shaping according to the probability of one or more constellation points under the first modulation scheme indicated by the first information.

13. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that, The probabilities of one or more constellation points in the constellation shaping are predefined or determined based on a predefined probability interval.

14. A communication method, characterized in that, include: The second communication device receives first information, which is used to indicate the probability of one or more constellation points in constellation shaping. The second communication device processes the first information.

15. The method according to claim 14, characterized in that, The second communication device receives the first information, including: The second communication device receives a first message, which includes the first information, and the first message is used to request the activation of the constellation shaping function.

16. The method according to claim 14, characterized in that, Before the second communication device receives the first information, the method further includes: The second communication device receives a first message, which is used to request the activation of the constellation shaping function.

17. The method according to claim 15, characterized in that, The first message also includes second information, which is used to indicate one or more modulation methods; The first information is specifically used to indicate the probability of one or more constellation points in constellation shaping under the one or more modulation methods.

18. The method according to any one of claims 15 to 17, characterized in that, The first message may also include one or more of the following: third information, fourth information, or fifth information; The third information is used to indicate the activation of the constellation shaping function, the fourth information is used to indicate the duration of activation of the constellation shaping function, and the fifth information is used to indicate the number of Physical Layer Protocol Data Units (PPDUs) used in the constellation shaping function.

19. The method according to any one of claims 15 to 18, characterized in that, After the second communication device receives the first message, the method further includes: The second communication device sends a second message, which includes a sixth message indicating whether the second communication device agrees to enable the constellation shaping function.

20. The method according to claim 19, characterized in that, The first message is a sensing measurement request frame, and the second message is a sensing measurement response frame.

21. The method according to any one of claims 15 to 20, characterized in that, After the second communication device receives the first message, the method further includes: The second communication device receives or sends a third message, which is used to disable the constellation shaping function.

22. The method according to any one of claims 14 to 21, characterized in that, After the second communication device receives the first information, the method further includes: The second communication device receives or sends a fourth message. When the modulation method used by the fourth message is the first modulation method, it indicates that the fourth message has undergone constellation shaping.

23. The method according to any one of claims 14 to 21, characterized in that, After the second communication device receives the first information, the method further includes: The second communication device receives or sends a fourth message, the fourth message including indication information, the indication information being used to indicate whether the fourth message has undergone constellation shaping.

24. The method according to claim 22, characterized in that, The fourth message is a Physical Layer Protocol Data Unit (PPDU). The modulation scheme used by the PPDU is the first modulation scheme. The physical layer payload of the PPDU includes the modulation symbols after the bit stream is shaped by the probability of one or more constellation points under the first modulation scheme indicated by the first information.

25. The method according to claim 23, characterized in that, The fourth message is a Physical Layer Protocol Data Unit (PPDU). The indication information indicates that the PPDU has undergone constellation shaping. The modulation scheme used by the PPDU is the first modulation scheme. The physical layer payload of the PPDU includes the modulation symbols of the bit stream after constellation shaping according to the probability of one or more constellation points under the first modulation scheme indicated by the first information.

26. The method according to any one of claims 14 to 25, characterized in that, The probabilities of one or more constellation points in the constellation shaping are predefined or determined based on a predefined probability interval.

27. A communication device, characterized in that, Includes units or modules for performing the method according to any one of claims 1 to 26.

28. A communication device, characterized in that, The device includes a processor and an interface circuit, wherein the interface circuit is used to receive signals from other communication devices and transmit them to the processor or to send signals from the processor to other communication devices, and the processor is used to implement the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 26 through logic circuits or executing code instructions.

29. A wireless communication system, characterized in that, include: A first communication device for performing the method according to any one of claims 1 to 13, and / or a second communication device for performing the method according to any one of claims 14 to 26.

30. A readable storage medium, characterized in that, The readable storage medium is used to store a computer program that, when executed by a processor, causes a communication device including the processor to perform the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 26.

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