Power battery system

Abstract

A power battery system, comprising a battery housing (1), and a system battery module (2) which is fixed inside the battery housing (1), wherein the system battery module (2) comprises a plurality of battery packs (21), the adjacent battery packs (21) are connected by means of a busbar (22), the adjacent battery packs (21) are spaced apart from each other by an accommodating cavity (23), and the busbar (22) between the adjacent battery packs (21) is located in the accommodating cavity (23).

Description

A power battery system

[0001] This application claims priority to Chinese patent application No. 202322927597.1 filed with the Patent Office of China on October 30, 2023. The entire contents of the above application are incorporated by reference into this application. Technical Field

[0002] The present application relates to the technical field of power batteries, and in particular to a power battery system. Background Art

[0003] In the electrical design of the power battery system of related art, the high-voltage busbar and the busbar on the battery are arranged on the side of the system battery module. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

[0004] When a side collision occurs on a vehicle and squeezes the system battery module, a short circuit is likely to occur, causing the system battery module to be damaged and unable to power the vehicle.

[0005] The present application provides a power battery system, including a battery housing and a system battery module fixed inside the battery housing. The system battery module includes multiple battery packs, adjacent battery packs are connected by a bus, and adjacent battery packs are spaced apart to form a accommodating cavity. The bus connecting the adjacent battery packs is located in the accommodating cavity. Beneficial effects

[0006] The power battery system provided in the present application mainly connects the battery packs in the system battery module to form a accommodating cavity between adjacent battery packs, and arranges the bus required for connecting the adjacent battery packs in the accommodating cavity, replacing the traditional arrangement of arranging the bus on the side walls of the system battery module. This can protect the bus from collision and extrusion when the vehicle collides, thereby ensuring the safe use of the system battery module. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0007] FIG1 is a schematic structural diagram of a power battery system provided by the present application;

[0008] FIG2 is a schematic structural diagram of a power battery system including a battery energy distribution module provided by the present application;

[0009] FIG3 is a schematic structural diagram of a power battery system including a positive battery energy distribution module and a negative battery energy distribution module provided by the present application;

[0010] FIG4 is a schematic structural diagram of a power battery system including a battery management system control unit provided by the present application;

[0011] FIG5 is a schematic structural diagram of the internal device connections of the positive battery energy distribution module and the negative battery energy distribution module provided in the present application.

[0012] Description of reference numerals:

[0013] 1. Battery housing; 11. First front-wheel drive positive interface; 12. First front-wheel drive negative interface; 13. First rear-wheel drive positive interface; 14. First rear-wheel drive negative interface; 15. First charging positive interface; 16. First charging negative interface; 2. System battery module; 21. Battery pack; 22. Bus; 23. Accommodation cavity; 3. Battery energy distribution module; 31. Positive battery energy distribution unit; 311. Second charging positive interface; 312. Second rear-wheel drive positive interface; 313. Second front-wheel drive positive interface; 32. Negative battery energy distribution unit; 321. Second charging negative interface; 322. Second rear-wheel drive negative interface; 323. Second front-wheel drive negative interface; 4. Battery management system main control module; 41. Voltage and / or temperature acquisition interface; 42. Battery management system slave control module. Modes for Carrying Out the Invention

[0014] In the description of this application, unless otherwise specified or limited, the terms "connected," "connect," and "fixed" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integration; mechanical connections or electrical connections; direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and can refer to internal communication between two components or interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0015] In the description of this embodiment, terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "front," and "rear" are used to refer to positions or locations based on the positions or locations shown in the accompanying drawings. These terms are intended to facilitate description and simplify operation, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the devices or components referred to must have, be constructed, or operate in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and do not have any special meanings.

[0016] Power batteries are the power source for most devices, and mainly include a battery housing and a system battery module consisting of multiple battery packs connected in series or in parallel. The system battery module is connected to a battery energy distribution module. The battery energy distribution module is used to drive the system battery module to power the front and rear wheels of the vehicle. The battery module usually includes two charging interfaces, two front-wheel drive power supply interfaces, and two rear-wheel drive power supply interfaces. Temperature, as an important factor affecting the performance of power batteries, plays a very important role in the power battery system. Only by controlling the operating temperature of the power battery within a reasonable specific range can the electrochemical reaction during the battery charging and discharging process be carried out safely and reliably. Therefore, the battery energy distribution module is also connected to a detection unit for detecting the temperature of the battery pack and a control module for controlling the battery energy distribution module according to the detection results of the detection unit.

[0017] At present, the electrical architecture of each module unit and each interface inside the battery casing is very messy. In related technologies, the bus used to connect each battery pack in the system battery module is usually arranged on both sides of the system battery module in the battery casing. However, such an electrical architecture is prone to being squeezed and damaged when the vehicle collides.

[0018] Based on the above-mentioned power battery, please refer to Figure 1, which is a structural schematic diagram of a power battery system provided in an embodiment of the present application. The present application provides a power battery system, including a battery shell 1 and a system battery module 2 fixed inside the battery shell 1. The system battery module 2 includes multiple battery packs 21, and adjacent battery packs 21 are connected by a bus 22. The adjacent battery packs 21 are spaced apart to form a accommodating cavity 23, and the bus 22 connecting the adjacent battery packs 21 is located in the accommodating cavity 23.

[0019] It should be noted that the system battery modules 2 can be connected in series or in parallel, and the bus 22 can be a series bus 22 or a parallel bus 22. It is only necessary to set the bus 22 connecting the adjacent battery groups 21 in the accommodating cavity 23 between the adjacent battery groups 21 to protect the bus 22 from extrusion and collision.

[0020] For example, the system battery module contains four battery packs 21 of the same or different models, including a first battery pack 21, a second battery pack 21, a third battery pack 21, and a fourth battery pack 21. The positive and negative electrodes of the first battery pack 21, the second battery pack 21, the third battery pack 21, and the fourth battery pack 21 are sequentially connected in series via a series bus 22 to form a system battery module 2. Generally speaking, the series bus 22 is located on one side of an adjacent battery pack 21. However, the series bus 22 in the present application is located in the accommodating cavity 23 between adjacent battery packs 21. This prevents the bus 22 from being short-circuited when it is located outside the system battery module 2 in the event of squeezing or collision.

[0021] It should be noted that the accommodating cavity 23 can be in three situations. The first situation is: adjacent battery groups 21 are connected in series, and the accommodating cavity 23 is formed between adjacent and serially connected battery groups 21 of the same model or different models. The second situation is: the first battery group 21, the second battery group 21, the third battery group 21, and the fourth battery group 21 are arranged in two rows, and the bus 22 can also be located in the accommodating cavity 23 between the two rows of battery groups 21. Because the bus 22 is arranged between the two rows of battery groups 21, that is, also located inside the system battery module 2, it avoids the situation where the bus 22 is arranged outside the system battery module 2 due to being squeezed and short-circuited, and can also protect the bus 22 inside the system battery module 2. The third situation is: when multiple battery groups 21 in the system battery module 2 are arranged in a multi-layer structure, the accommodating cavity 23 formed between the multi-layer battery groups 21 can also accommodate the bus 22, and can also protect the bus 22 inside the system battery module 2.

[0022] The present application connects the battery packs 21 in the system battery module 2 to form a receiving cavity 23 between adjacent battery packs 21, and arranges the bus 22 required for connecting the adjacent battery packs 21 in the receiving cavity 23, replacing the traditional arrangement of arranging the bus 22 on the side walls of the system battery module 2. This can protect the bus 22 from collision and extrusion when the vehicle collides, thereby ensuring the safe use of the system battery module 2.

[0023] In some embodiments of the present application, referring to FIG2 , FIG2 is a schematic structural diagram of a power battery system including a battery energy distribution module provided in an embodiment of the present application. The present application also includes a battery energy distribution module 3 connected to the system battery module 2 and an interface assembly provided on the surface of the battery housing 1. The interface assembly is connected to the battery energy distribution module 3. The interface assembly includes a first front drive positive interface 11, a first front drive negative interface 12, a first rear drive positive interface 13, a first rear drive negative interface 14, a first charging positive interface 15, and a first charging negative interface 16.

[0024] The battery energy distribution module 3, the first rear-wheel drive positive port 13, the first rear-wheel drive negative port 14, the first charging positive port 15, and the first charging negative port 16 are located at one end of the system battery module 2. The first front-wheel drive positive port 11 and the first front-wheel drive negative port 12 are located at the other end of the system battery module 2. The battery energy distribution module 3, the first front-wheel drive positive port 11, and the first front-wheel drive negative port 12 are connected by a connecting bar. The connecting bar is located within the accommodating cavity 23.

[0025] The present application arranges the battery energy distribution module 3 and the first rear-wheel drive positive interface 13 and the first rear-wheel drive negative interface 14 at one end of the system battery module 2, and arranges the first front-wheel drive positive interface 11 and the first front-wheel drive negative interface 12 at the other end of the system battery module 2, so as to facilitate the shortest wiring connection of the front-wheel drive components and the rear-wheel drive components of the new energy vehicle with the system battery module 2, and arranges the connecting lines between the first front-wheel drive positive interface 11 and the first front-wheel drive negative interface 12 and the system battery module 2 in the accommodating cavity 23 instead of outside the system battery module 2, which helps to achieve good protection of the connecting lines between the first front-wheel drive positive interface 11 and the first front-wheel drive negative interface 12 and the system battery module 2.

[0026] In some embodiments of the present application, referring to FIG3 , FIG3 is a schematic structural diagram of a power battery system including a positive battery energy distribution module and a negative battery energy distribution module provided in an embodiment of the present application. The battery energy distribution module 3 includes a positive battery energy distribution unit 31 and a negative battery energy distribution unit 32. The positive battery energy distribution unit 31 is disposed adjacent to and connected to the positive electrode of the system battery module 2, while the negative battery energy distribution unit 32 is disposed adjacent to and connected to the negative electrode of the system battery module 2.

[0027] The present application divides the battery energy distribution module 3 into a positive battery energy distribution unit 31 and a negative battery energy distribution unit 32, so as to separate the components connected to the positive pole of the system battery module 2 and the components connected to the negative pole of the system battery module 2 inside the battery energy distribution module 3, thereby avoiding the risk of short circuit as much as possible.

[0028] In some embodiments of the present application, the positive battery energy distribution unit 31 is provided with a second charging positive interface 311, a second rear-wheel drive positive interface 312, and a second front-wheel drive positive interface 313. The second charging positive interface 311 is arranged toward the first charging positive interface 15, the second rear-wheel drive positive interface 312 is arranged toward the first rear-wheel drive positive interface 13, and the second front-wheel drive positive interface 313 is arranged toward the first front-wheel drive positive interface 11.

[0029] The negative battery energy distribution unit 32 is provided with a second charging negative interface 321, a second rear drive negative interface 322, and a second front drive negative interface 323. The second charging negative interface 321 is arranged toward the first charging negative interface 16, the second rear drive negative interface 322 is arranged toward the first rear drive negative interface 14, and the second front drive negative interface 323 is arranged toward the first front drive negative interface 12.

[0030] The present application sets the second front drive negative interface 323 on the negative battery energy distribution unit 32 toward the first front drive positive interface 11 and the first front drive negative interface 12 on the battery shell 1, sets the second charging negative interface 321 and the second rear drive negative interface 322 away from the first front drive positive interface 11 and the first front drive negative interface 12, sets the second front drive positive interface 313 on the positive battery energy distribution unit 31 toward the first front drive positive interface 11 and the first front drive negative interface 12 on the battery shell 1, and sets the second charging positive interface 311 and the second rear drive positive interface 312 away from the first front drive positive interface 11 and the first front drive negative interface 12. The first front drive positive interface 11 and the first front drive negative interface 12 can reduce the wiring complexity of the connecting lines between each interface on the battery energy distribution module 3 and the corresponding interface on the battery shell 1, thereby reducing the wiring cost.

[0031] In some embodiments of the present application, the first rear drive positive interface 13 and the first charging positive interface 15 are located on the side of the positive battery energy distribution unit 31 away from the first front drive positive interface 11, and the first rear drive negative interface 14 and the first charging negative interface 16 are located on the side of the negative battery energy distribution unit 32 away from the first front drive negative interface 12.

[0032] The present application arranges the first rear-wheel drive positive interface 13 and the first charging positive interface 15 on the same side of the positive battery energy distribution unit 31, and arranges the first rear-wheel drive negative interface 14 and the first charging negative interface 16 on the same side of the negative battery energy distribution unit 32, which helps to separate the positive and negative phases of each interface on the battery housing 1 and each interface on the battery energy distribution module 3, thereby avoiding the entanglement of the positive and negative connecting lines between the various interfaces on the battery housing 1 and the various interfaces on the battery energy distribution module 3, which may easily cause a short circuit in the event of a collision, and at the same time achieve the effect of simpler installation.

[0033] In some embodiments of the present application, referring to Figure 4, Figure 4 is a structural diagram of a power battery system provided in an embodiment of the present application including a battery management system control unit, which also includes a battery management system control unit. The battery management system control unit includes a battery management system main control module 4, a voltage and / or temperature acquisition interface 41 and a battery management system slave control module 42. The voltage and / or temperature acquisition interface 41 is arranged on the outside of the battery pack 21. The voltage and / or temperature acquisition interface 41 and multiple battery management system slave control modules 42 are located in the accommodating cavity 23. The battery management system slave control module 42 is communicatively connected to the voltage and / or temperature acquisition interface 41. Multiple battery management system slave control modules 42 are communicatively connected to the battery management system main control module 4.

[0034] This application divides the battery management system control module into a battery management system main control module 4 and a battery management system slave control module 42, and sets the battery management system slave control module 42 close to the voltage and / or temperature acquisition interface 41. This application collects the temperature of the battery pack 21 through the voltage and / or temperature acquisition interface 41, and then transmits the acquired collection data to the battery management system main control module 4 through the battery management slave control module 42. Since the battery temperature acquisition harness between the voltage and / or temperature acquisition interface 41 and the battery management slave control module 42 is extremely short, the accuracy of the battery temperature acquisition harness can be greatly improved, the cost of the battery temperature acquisition harness can be reduced, and the layout space of the battery temperature acquisition harness can be reduced.

[0035] In some embodiments of the present application, adjacent battery management system slave control modules 42 are communicatively connected to each other, and one of the multiple battery management system slave control modules 42 is communicatively connected to the battery management system master control module 4 .

[0036] The present application connects the battery management system slave control module 42 and the battery management system master control module 4 through a communication control harness. The two adjacent battery management system slave control modules 42 are first connected through a communication harness, and the battery management system slave control module 42 closest to the battery management system master control module 4 is then connected to the battery management system master control module 4. This can reduce the length of the communication harness between the battery management system master control module 4 and the battery management system slave control module 42, and at the same time make the harness arrangement between the battery management system master control module 4 and the battery management system slave control module 42 simpler and neater, without interlacing, reducing the harness cost and wiring space, while making it easier to connect the harnesses, and reducing the labor cost and maintenance cost of connecting the harnesses.

[0037] In some embodiments of the present application, the voltage and / or temperature acquisition interfaces 41 of adjacent battery packs 21 are located in the same accommodating cavity 23 and are connected to the same battery management system slave control module 42, and the voltage and / or temperature acquisition interfaces 41 are respectively located on opposite sides of the battery management system slave control module 42.

[0038] It can be understood that since the voltage and / or temperature acquisition interfaces of adjacent battery packs 21 are arranged in the same accommodation cavity 23, the adjacent battery packs 21 are of different battery models, and the battery packs 21 in the entire circuit can be set to two models.

[0039] The present application arranges the voltage and / or temperature acquisition interfaces 41 of two adjacent battery groups 21 in the same accommodating cavity 23, so that the voltage and / or temperature acquisition interfaces 41 belonging to the two adjacent battery groups 21 can share a battery management system slave control module 42, thereby saving the material cost of the battery management system slave control module 42 and the layout space of the battery management system slave control module 42.

[0040] In some embodiments of the present application, the battery energy distribution module 3 includes a positive battery energy distribution unit 31 and a negative battery energy distribution unit 32 , and the battery management system main control module 4 is arranged near the negative battery energy distribution unit 32 .

[0041] Since the negative battery energy distribution unit 32 contains a current sensor, and the current sensor needs to be connected to the battery management system main control module 4, the present application can reduce the wiring length between the current sensor and the battery management system main control module 4 by setting the battery management system main control module 4 close to the negative battery energy distribution unit 32, greatly improving the current collection accuracy of the current sensor, and making the battery management system main control module 4 more precise in controlling the current energy distribution module.

[0042] In some embodiments of the present application, the positive battery energy distribution unit 31 is communicatively connected to the negative battery energy distribution unit 32, and the battery management system main control module 4 is arranged on the side of the negative battery energy distribution unit 32 away from the positive battery energy distribution unit 31, and is communicatively connected to the negative battery energy distribution unit 32.

[0043] It should be noted that the positive battery energy distribution unit 31 is connected to the negative battery energy distribution unit 32 and the battery management system main control module 4 through a communication harness, which belongs to weak current control. Therefore, it needs to be kept away from the high-voltage power supply harness to avoid damage to the battery management system main control module 4 due to a short circuit.

[0044] It is understood that the communication control interface of the positive battery energy distribution unit 31 is located at the top of the positive battery energy distribution unit 31. The communication interface connecting the negative battery energy distribution unit 32 to the positive battery energy distribution unit 31 is located on the side of the negative battery energy distribution unit 32 facing the positive battery energy distribution unit 31. The communication interface connecting the positive battery energy distribution unit 31 to the negative battery management system energy distribution unit 32 faces the negative battery energy distribution unit 32. This allows the communication control wiring harness to be separated from the high-voltage busbar to avoid interference and save communication wiring harness costs.

[0045] The present application arranges the battery management system main control module 4 on the side of the negative battery energy distribution unit 32 away from the positive battery energy distribution unit 31, so that the battery management system main control module 4 is away from the positive battery energy distribution unit 31, and thus away from the high-voltage bus, so as to improve the safety of the battery management system control module, thereby improving the power supply safety of the entire system battery.

[0046] Referring to FIG5 , FIG5 is a structural diagram of the internal device connections of the positive battery energy distribution module and the negative battery energy distribution module provided in an embodiment of the present application. The negative battery energy distribution unit 32 includes a negative battery energy distribution housing, and the positive battery energy distribution unit 31 includes a positive battery energy distribution housing;

[0047] A current sensor, a charging negative relay, a rear-drive negative relay and a front-drive negative relay are distributed in the negative battery energy distribution housing. One end of the current sensor is connected to the negative pole of the system battery module 2, and the other end of the current sensor is connected to one end of the charging negative relay, the rear-drive negative relay and the front-drive negative relay respectively. The other end of the charging negative relay is connected to the second charging negative interface 321 on the negative battery energy distribution unit 32, the other end of the rear-drive negative relay is connected to the second rear-drive negative interface 322 on the negative battery energy distribution unit 32, and the other end of the front-drive negative relay is connected to the second front-drive negative interface 323 on the negative battery energy distribution unit 32;

[0048] The positive battery energy distribution housing is equipped with a front drive positive relay, a front drive fuse, a front drive pre-charge relay, a front drive pre-charge resistor, a rear drive positive relay, a rear drive fuse, a rear drive pre-charge relay, a rear drive pre-charge resistor, a charging positive relay and a charging fuse. The front drive positive relay and the front drive fuse are connected in series to form a front drive circuit. The front drive pre-charge relay and the front drive pre-charge resistor are connected in series and connected to both ends of the front drive positive relay. The rear drive positive relay and the rear drive fuse are connected in series to form a rear drive circuit. The rear drive pre-charge relay and the rear drive pre-charge resistor are connected in series. The resistors are connected in series and then connected to both ends of the rear drive positive relay. The charging positive relay and the charging fuse are connected in series to form a charging circuit. One end of the front drive circuit, the rear drive circuit and the charging circuit are connected in parallel to the positive electrode interface of the system battery module 2. The other ends of the front drive circuit, the rear drive circuit and the charging circuit are respectively connected to the second front drive positive interface 313 on the positive battery energy distribution unit 31, the second rear drive positive interface 312 on the positive battery energy distribution unit 31 and the second charging positive interface 311 on the positive battery energy distribution unit 31.

[0049] The basic concepts have been described above. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the detailed disclosure above is merely illustrative and does not limit the present application. Although not explicitly stated herein, those skilled in the art may make various modifications, improvements, and amendments to the present application. Such modifications, improvements, and amendments are suggested in the present application and remain within the spirit and scope of the exemplary embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. A power battery system, comprising a battery housing (1) and a system battery module (2) fixed inside the battery housing (1), the system battery module (2) comprising a plurality of battery packs (21), adjacent battery packs (21) being connected via a bus bar (22), adjacent battery packs (21) being spaced apart to form a receiving cavity (23), and the bus bar (22) connecting the battery packs (21) being located inside the receiving cavity (23).

2. The power battery system according to claim 1, further comprising a battery energy distribution module (3) connected to the system battery module (2) and an interface component arranged on the surface of the battery housing (1), wherein the interface component is connected to the battery energy distribution module (3), and the interface component comprises a first front drive positive interface (11), a first front drive negative interface (12), a first rear drive positive interface (13), a first rear drive negative interface (14), a first charging positive interface (15) and a first charging negative interface (16); The battery energy distribution module (3), the first rear-drive positive interface (13), the first rear-drive negative interface (14), the first charging positive interface (15) and the first charging negative interface (16) are located at one end of the system battery module (2), the first front-drive positive interface (11) and the first front-drive negative interface (12) are located at the other end of the system battery module (2), and the battery energy distribution module (3), the first front-drive positive interface (11) and the first front-drive negative interface (12) are connected via a connecting row, and the connecting row is located in the accommodating cavity (23).

3. The power battery system according to claim 2, wherein: The battery energy distribution module (3) comprises a positive battery energy distribution unit (31) and a negative battery energy distribution unit (32); the positive battery energy distribution unit (31) is arranged adjacent to and connected to the positive electrode of the system battery module (2); and the negative battery energy distribution unit (32) is arranged adjacent to and connected to the negative electrode of the system battery module (2).

4. The power battery system according to claim 3, wherein: The positive battery energy distribution unit (31) is provided with a second charging positive interface (311), a second rear-drive positive interface (312) and a second front-drive positive interface (313), the second charging positive interface (311) being arranged toward the first charging positive interface (15), the second rear-drive positive interface (312) being arranged toward the first rear-drive positive interface (13), and the second front-drive positive interface (313) being arranged toward the first front-drive positive interface (11); And / or, the negative battery energy distribution unit (32) is provided with a second charging negative interface (321), a second rear drive negative interface (322) and a second front drive negative interface (323), the second charging negative interface (321) is arranged toward the first charging negative interface (16), the second rear drive negative interface (322) is arranged toward the first rear drive negative interface (14), and the second front drive negative interface (323) is arranged toward the first front drive negative interface (12).

5. The power battery system according to claim 3, wherein: The first rear-drive positive interface (13) and the first charging positive interface (15) are located on a side of the positive battery energy distribution unit (31) away from the first front-drive positive interface (11), and the first rear-drive negative interface (14) and the first charging negative interface (16) are located on a side of the negative battery energy distribution unit (32) away from the first front-drive negative interface (12).

6. The power battery system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, further comprising a battery management system control unit, the battery management system control unit comprising a battery management system master control module (4), a voltage and / or temperature acquisition interface (41) and a plurality of battery management system slave control modules (42), the voltage and / or temperature acquisition interface (41) being arranged on the outside of the battery pack (21), the voltage and / or temperature acquisition interface (41) and the battery management system slave control module (42) being located in the accommodating cavity (23), the battery management system slave control module (42) being communicatively connected to the voltage and / or temperature acquisition interface (41), and the plurality of battery management system slave control modules (42) being communicatively connected to the battery management system master control module (4).

7. The power battery system according to claim 6, wherein: Adjacent battery management system slave control modules (42) are communicatively connected to each other, and one of the plurality of battery management system slave control modules (42) is communicatively connected to the battery management system master control module (4).

8. The power battery system according to claim 6, wherein: The voltage and / or temperature acquisition interfaces (41) of adjacent battery packs (21) are located in the same accommodating cavity (23) and are connected to the same battery management system slave control module (42); the voltage and / or temperature acquisition interfaces (41) are respectively located on opposite sides of the battery management system slave control module (42).

9. The power battery system according to claim 6, wherein: The battery energy distribution module (3) comprises a positive battery energy distribution unit (31) and a negative battery energy distribution unit (32), and the battery management system main control module (4) is arranged at a position close to the negative battery energy distribution unit (32).

10. The power battery system according to claim 9, wherein: The positive battery energy distribution unit (31) is communicatively connected to the negative battery energy distribution unit (32); the battery management system main control module (4) is arranged on a side of the negative battery energy distribution unit (32) facing away from the positive battery energy distribution unit (31), and is communicatively connected to the negative battery energy distribution unit (32).

11. The power battery system according to claim 4, wherein: The negative battery energy distribution unit (32) comprises a negative battery energy distribution shell; a current sensor, a charging negative relay, a rear drive negative relay and a front drive negative relay are distributed in the negative battery energy distribution shell; one end of the current sensor is connected to the negative electrode of the system battery module (2); the other end of the current sensor is respectively connected to one end of the charging negative relay, the rear drive negative relay and the front drive negative relay; the other end of the charging negative relay is connected to the second charging negative interface (321) on the negative battery energy distribution unit (32); the other end of the rear drive negative relay is connected to the second rear drive negative interface (322) on the negative battery energy distribution unit (32); the other end of the front drive negative relay is connected to the second front drive negative interface (323) on the negative battery energy distribution unit (32); and / or, The positive battery energy distribution unit (31) comprises a positive battery energy distribution shell, in which a front drive positive relay, a front drive fuse, a front drive pre-charging relay, a front drive pre-charging resistor, a rear drive positive relay, a rear drive fuse, a rear drive pre-charging relay, a rear drive pre-charging resistor, a charging positive relay and a charging fuse are distributed, the front drive positive relay and the front drive fuse are connected in series to form a front drive circuit, the front drive pre-charging relay and the front drive pre-charging resistor are connected in series and then connected in parallel to the two ends of the front drive positive relay, the rear drive positive relay and the rear drive fuse are connected in series to form a rear drive circuit, the rear drive pre-charging relay and the rear drive pre-charging resistor are connected in series and then connected in parallel to the two ends of the front drive positive relay, the rear drive positive relay and the rear drive fuse are connected in series to form a rear drive circuit, the rear drive pre-charging relay and the The rear drive pre-charging resistors are connected in series and then in parallel to the two ends of the rear drive positive relay; the charging positive relay and the charging fuse are connected in series to form a charging circuit; the front drive circuit, the rear drive circuit and one end of the charging circuit are connected in parallel to the positive electrode of the system battery module (2); the other ends of the front drive circuit, the rear drive circuit and the charging circuit are respectively connected to the second front drive positive interface (313) on the positive battery energy distribution unit (31), the second rear drive positive interface (312) on the positive battery energy distribution unit (31) and the second charging positive interface (311) on the positive battery energy distribution unit (31).

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