Surgical instrument

Abstract

A surgical instrument, comprising a jaw assembly (100), a sleeve assembly (400), an angle steering member (210), a locking member (800), and a transmission mechanism (300). The jaw assembly (100) is rotatably connected to the sleeve assembly (400) by means of the angle steering member (210). The sleeve assembly (400) comprises an outer sleeve (420). The outer sleeve (420) is connected to the locking member (800) by means of the transmission mechanism (300), so as to selectively drive the locking member (800). The outer sleeve (420) moves distally in sequence through a first stroke and a second stroke. When the outer sleeve moves distally within the first stroke, an anvil (120) rotates to a first preset angle to drive the locking member (800) to move to a locked state. When the outer sleeve moves distally within the second stroke, the anvil (120) rotates from the first preset angle to a closed state, moves in a non-driving manner relative to the locking member (800), and keeps the locking member (800) in the locked state. Before the jaw assembly (100) closes and clamps a tissue, the locking member (800) has been in the locked state, i.e., regardless of the thickness of the tissue clamped by the jaw assembly (100), the locking member (800) can lock the jaw assembly (100) without affecting the outer sleeve (420) continuing to move distally to drive the jaw assembly (100) to close.

Description

surgical instruments

[0001] CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0002] For all purposes, this patent application claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202311451684.2 filed on November 2, 2023, and the contents of the above-mentioned Chinese patent application disclosure are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety as part of the embodiments of the present disclosure. Technical Field

[0003] The embodiments of the present disclosure relate to the technical field of medical instruments, and in particular to a surgical instrument. Background Art

[0004] A surgical stapler is a commonly used medical device that replaces manual suturing. Its primary working principle is to separate tissue using a cutting blade and staple it together using titanium staples, similar to a stapler. Staplers are categorized into various types based on their suitability for different body parts. A surgical stapler operates by inserting a cannula precisely positioned at the surgical site into the patient's body, creating a longitudinal incision in the tissue and applying staples on opposite sides of the incision, thereby separating and stapled the tissue.

[0005] Summary of the Invention

[0006] The embodiments of the present disclosure are directed to providing a surgical instrument, in which, when clamping tissues of different thicknesses, the angle turning member is locked by the locking member when the jaw assembly is closed.

[0007] An embodiment of the present disclosure provides a surgical instrument, comprising a jaw assembly, a sleeve assembly, an angle steering member, a locking member and a transmission mechanism, wherein the jaw assembly is rotatably connected to the sleeve assembly via the angle steering member; the sleeve assembly comprises an inner sleeve and an outer sleeve sleeved on the inner sleeve, the jaw assembly comprises a nail magazine seat and a nail anvil rotatably connected to the nail magazine seat, the outer sleeve is connected to the nail anvil, and the outer sleeve is connected to the locking member via the transmission mechanism to selectively drive the locking member; when the outer sleeve is in the proximal position, the jaw assembly is in an open state, and the locking member In a separated state, it is separated from the angle steering member; in response to the operation of the medical staff, the outer sleeve moves distally, passing through a first stroke and a second stroke in sequence, and when the outer sleeve moves distally in the first stroke, the anvil rotates to a first preset angle, and the transmission mechanism is in a first state, driving the locking member to move to the locked state; when the outer sleeve moves distally in the second stroke, the anvil rotates from the first preset angle to a closed state, and the transmission mechanism is in a second state, moving non-driven relative to the locking member, and keeping the locking member in the locked state.

[0008] For example, the transmission mechanism includes a driving deformation member and a first transmission assembly, the driving deformation member is connected to the first transmission assembly, when the outer sleeve moves distally in the first stroke, the transmission mechanism is in the first state, the driving deformation member is in the initial state, the driving deformation member and the first transmission assembly move to drive the locking member to move, and then the transmission mechanism drives the locking member to move to the locked state; when the outer sleeve moves distally in the second stroke, the driving deformation member is deformed to switch from the initial state to the deformation state, and moves non-driven relative to the first transmission assembly, so that the transmission mechanism moves non-driven relative to the locking member, and the locking member remains in the locked state.

[0009] For example, the driving deformable member is connected to the outer sleeve, the first transmission assembly is connected to the locking member, and is connected to the outer sleeve through the driving deformable member.

[0010] For example, the surgical instrument also includes a frame, the first transmission assembly includes a lever part, a rotating part, a first connecting part and a second connecting part, the lever part is connected to the rotating part and is connected to the frame through the rotating part, the driving deformation part is located proximal to the first connecting part and abuts against the first connecting part to connect the outer sleeve, and the second connecting part is connected to the locking part.

[0011] For example, the drive deformable member includes a first end and a second end, the first end is connected to the outer sleeve, and the second end is connected to the first connecting part. When the outer sleeve moves distally within the second stroke, the second end of the drive deformable member rotates around the first end to switch the drive deformable member to the deformation state.

[0012] For example, in response to the operation of the medical staff, the outer sleeve moves from the distal end to the proximal end position, and passes through the second stroke and the first stroke in sequence. When the outer sleeve moves proximally in the second stroke, the anvil rotates to the first preset angle, the transmission mechanism is in the second state, the driven deformation member switches from the deformation state to the initial state, and the transmission mechanism and the locking member move in a non-driving manner, so that the locking member remains in the locked state.

[0013] When the outer sleeve moves proximally within the first stroke, the dowel seat rotates from the first preset angle to the open state, the transmission mechanism is in the first state, and the transmission mechanism moves to drive the locking member to move to the unlocked state.

[0014] For example, the transmission mechanism also includes a pullback drive member, which is connected to the outer sleeve and is located on the distal side of the first transmission component. When the transmission mechanism is in the first state, the pullback drive member presses against the first transmission component. In response to the proximal movement of the outer sleeve, the pullback drive member moves proximally to drive the first transmission component, thereby switching the locking member from the locked state to the unlocked state. When the transmission mechanism is in the second state, the pullback drive member is separated from the first transmission component. In response to the proximal movement of the outer sleeve, the pullback drive member moves proximally to approach the first transmission component.

[0015] For example, the transmission mechanism includes a cam and a first transmission assembly, the cam is connected to the outer sleeve, the cam includes a driving surface and a retaining surface connected to the driving surface, when the outer sleeve moves distally within the first stroke, the transmission mechanism is in the first state, the driving surface is connected to the first transmission assembly, the outer sleeve drives the cam to rotate, and the cam drives the first transmission assembly to move through the driving surface, thereby driving the locking member to switch from the unlocked state to the locked state; when the outer sleeve moves distally within the second stroke, the transmission mechanism is in the second state, the retaining surface is connected to the first transmission assembly, the outer sleeve drives the cam to rotate, and the retaining surface rotates non-driven relative to the first transmission assembly, so that the transmission mechanism moves non-driven relative to the locking member and keeps the locking member in the locked state.

[0016] For example, the cam includes a center, the driving surface includes a low point and a high point, the distance between the low point and the center is smaller than the distance between the high point and the center, and the distance between each point on the retaining surface and the center is the same.

[0017] For example, the surgical instrument further includes a frame, the cam is rotatably connected to the frame, the outer sleeve is provided with a driving portion, the cam further includes an extension portion, the driving portion abuts against the extension portion, and when the driving portion moves distally with the outer sleeve, it drives the extension portion to move, thereby driving the cam to rotate.

[0018] For example, the transmission mechanism further includes a return spring, one end of which is connected to the cam, and the other end of which is connected to the frame. In response to the operation of the medical staff, when the outer sleeve moves from the distal end to the proximal end position, it passes through the second stroke and the first stroke in sequence. When the outer sleeve moves proximally within the second stroke, the anvil rotates to the first preset angle, and the transmission mechanism is in the second state. The holding surface abuts against the first transmission assembly, and the return spring drives the cam to rotate. The cam and the first transmission assembly move in a non-driven manner, so that the locking member remains in the locked state.

[0019] When the outer sleeve moves proximally within the first stroke, the pin seat rotates from the first preset angle to the open state, the transmission mechanism is in the first state, the driving surface abuts against the first transmission assembly, the return spring drives the cam to rotate, and the first transmission assembly moves proximally to drive the locking member to move to the locked state.

[0020] For example, the transmission mechanism also includes a pullback drive member, which is provided in the outer sleeve and located on the distal side of the first transmission component. When the transmission mechanism is in the first state, the pullback drive member presses against the first transmission component. In response to the proximal movement of the outer sleeve, the pullback drive member moves proximally to drive the first transmission component, thereby switching the locking member from the locked state to the unlocked state. When the transmission mechanism is in the second state, the pullback drive member is separated from the first transmission component. In response to the proximal movement of the outer sleeve, the pullback drive member moves proximally to approach the first transmission component.

[0021] For example, the first transmission assembly includes a lever portion, a rotating portion, a first connecting portion and a second connecting portion, the lever portion is connected to the rotating portion and is connected to the frame through the rotating portion, the first connecting portion is connected to the cam to connect to the outer sleeve, and the second connecting portion is connected to the locking member.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effect of the present invention is that, in the surgical instrument disclosed herein, the locking member is already in a locked state before the jaw assembly closes to clamp the tissue, that is, no matter what thickness of tissue the jaw assembly clamps, before the jaw assembly closes, the locking member has already locked the angle turning member to lock the jaw assembly, while not affecting the outer sleeve's continued distal movement to drive the jaw assembly to close. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present disclosure, the drawings of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description only relate to some embodiments of the present disclosure, rather than limiting the present disclosure.

[0024] FIG1 is a schematic structural diagram of a surgical instrument provided in one embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0025] FIG2 is a schematic structural diagram of a locking member and a jaw assembly provided in one embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0026] FIG3 is a schematic structural diagram of a nail cartridge seat and an anvil provided in one embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0027] FIG4 is a cross-sectional view of a staple cartridge assembly provided in one embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0028] FIG5 is a schematic structural diagram of a first transmission assembly provided in one embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0029] FIG6 is a schematic structural diagram of an explosion of a first transmission assembly according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0030] FIG7 is a schematic structural diagram of an outer sleeve in an initial position provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0031] FIG8 is a cross-sectional view of an outer sleeve assembly provided in an initial position according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0032] FIG9 is a schematic structural diagram of an outer sleeve provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure moving to the end of a first stroke;

[0033] FIG10 is a cross-sectional view of an outer sleeve provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure when the outer sleeve moves to the end of a first stroke;

[0034] FIG11 is a schematic structural diagram of an outer sleeve provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure when it moves distally to an extreme position;

[0035] FIG12 is a cross-sectional view of an outer sleeve provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure when it moves distally to an extreme position;

[0036] FIG13 is a schematic structural diagram of an angle steering member provided in one embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0037] FIG14 is a schematic structural diagram of a push rod distally moving locking angle steering member provided in one embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0038] FIG15 is a schematic structural diagram of a first connecting portion and a second connecting portion provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure, wherein the first connecting portion and the second connecting portion are located on the same side of the rotating portion;

[0039] FIG16 is a schematic structural diagram of a first connecting portion and a second connecting portion provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure, wherein the first connecting portion and the second connecting portion are located on the same side of the rotating portion and the rotating portion rotates;

[0040] FIG17 is a structural schematic diagram of a connecting rod assembly in a first position according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0041] FIG18 is a schematic structural diagram of a connecting rod assembly in a second position according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0042] FIG19 is a schematic structural diagram of a jaw opening assembly provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure when not being operated;

[0043] FIG20 is a schematic structural diagram of the jaws being opened and operated according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0044] 21 to 25 are schematic structural diagrams of a motion conversion structure provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0045] FIG26 is a schematic structural diagram of a cam provided by another embodiment of the present disclosure abutting against a first transmission assembly via a driving surface;

[0046] FIG27 is a top view of a cam provided by another embodiment of the present disclosure, wherein the cam abuts against the first transmission assembly via the driving surface;

[0047] FIG28 is a schematic structural diagram of a cam provided by another embodiment of the present disclosure abutting against a first transmission assembly through a retaining surface;

[0048] FIG29 is a top view of a cam provided by another embodiment of the present disclosure, wherein the cam abuts against the first transmission assembly through the retaining surface;

[0049] FIG30 is a schematic structural diagram of a sleeve assembly provided in another embodiment of the present disclosure when it moves distally to an extreme position;

[0050] FIG31 is a side view of a cam and a first transmission assembly provided in another embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0051] FIG32 is a schematic structural diagram of a cam and a driving portion provided in another embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0052] FIG33 is a schematic structural diagram of a cam and a driving portion provided in another embodiment of the present disclosure at another angle;

[0053] FIG34 is an exploded view of a frame, a cam, a return spring, and a fixed shaft provided in accordance with another embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0054] Reference numerals: 100, jaw assembly; 110, nail magazine seat; 111, oblique waist groove; 112, lower slide groove; 120, nail anvil; 121, first driven portion; 122, second driven portion; 123, pin; 124, upper slide groove; 210, angle turning member; 211, wall portion; 212, mating portion; 215, middle arc surface; 216, first side surface; 217, second side surface; 300, transmission mechanism; 310, first transmission assembly; 311, lever portion; 312, rotating portion; 313, 31. First connecting portion; 3131. First end rod; 314. Second connecting portion; 3141. Second end rod; 3142. Waist-shaped groove; 320. Drive deforming member; 321. First end; 322. Second end; 340. Pull-back drive member; 350. Cam; 351. Center of circle; 352. Drive surface; 353. Retaining surface; 354. Extension portion; 355. Return spring; 356. Baffle; 400. Sleeve assembly; 410. Inner sleeve; 420. Outer sleeve; 423. Moving groove; 425. Body; 426. Drive tube; 4261. First drive member; 4262. Second drive member; 427. Drive portion; 430. Spring; 440. Push block; 500. Cutting blade assembly; 510. Cutting head; 511. Blade; 512. Upper beam; 513. Lower beam; 600, frame; 610, connecting rod assembly; 611, first connecting rod; 612, second connecting rod; 630, handle; 631, supporting portion; 640, fixed shaft; 700, steering drive structure; 800, locking member; 900, jaw opening assembly; 910, release button; 911, driving rod; 920, unlocking rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0055] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present disclosure more clearly understood, the present disclosure is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present disclosure and are not intended to limit the present disclosure. Based on the embodiments in the present disclosure, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present disclosure.

[0056] It should be understood that the terms "proximal" and "distal" used herein are relative to the clinician who manipulates the handle of the stapler. The term "proximal" refers to the part close to the clinician, and the term "distal" refers to the part away from the clinician. That is, the handle is the proximal side, and the jaw assembly is the distal side. For example, the proximal end of a component refers to the end relatively close to the handle, and the distal end refers to the end relatively close to the jaw assembly. The terms "upper" and "lower" are based on the relative positions of the anvil and the staple magazine seat of the jaw assembly. For example, the anvil is at the "upper" and the staple magazine seat is at the "lower". However, the stapler can be used in many directions and positions, so these terms expressing relative positional relationships are not restrictive and absolute.

[0057] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms such as "connected" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, a movably connection, or an integral body; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be internal communication between two elements or an interactive relationship between two elements such as abutment. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present disclosure can be understood according to specific circumstances. It should be noted that when there are qualifiers before "connected" and "connection", they have the meaning defined by the corresponding qualifiers, and only exclude situations that obviously need to be excluded, and do not exclude other possible situations. For example, "detachably connected" refers to a detachable connection, and does not include integration, but movably connected, etc. are not excluded.

[0058] A surgical instrument includes a jaw assembly, a cannula assembly, an angled steering member, a steering drive mechanism, and a locking member. The jaw assembly is rotatably connected to the cannula assembly via the angled steering member. When operated, the steering drive mechanism drives the jaw assembly to rotate relative to the cannula assembly, achieving jaw steering. During surgery, medical personnel can operate the steering drive mechanism to rotate the jaw assembly to a suitable angle to clamp human tissue. After the jaw assembly rotates to the appropriate position, the cannula assembly moves distally a certain distance in response to the medical personnel's operation, driving the jaw assembly to close and clamp the tissue, and actuating the locking member to lock the angled steering member. However, in actual surgery, the thickness of the tissue clamped by the jaw assembly varies, resulting in different jaw opening degrees when the jaw assembly closes and different distal movement distances of the cannula assembly. When the clamped tissue is thick, the jaw assembly may close but the angled steering member may not be locked by the locking member, causing the jaw assembly to swing and pull the clamped tissue.

[0059] An embodiment of the present disclosure provides a surgical instrument, which can be a stapler. As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the surgical instrument includes a jaw assembly 100, a sleeve assembly 400, an angle steering member 210, a steering drive structure 700 and a cutting knife assembly. The jaw assembly 100 is rotatably connected to the sleeve assembly 400 through the angle steering member 210. When the surgical instrument is working, the jaw assembly 100 and part of the sleeve assembly 400 are inserted into the human body. The medical staff manipulates the steering drive structure 700 to control the jaw assembly 100 to rotate until the jaw assembly 100 rotates to a suitable position. During this process, the angle steering member 210 drives the jaw assembly 100 to rotate. The rotation of the jaw assembly 100 also drives the knife rod of the cutting knife assembly to bend. Then the medical staff controls the jaw assembly 100 to close to clamp the human tissue, and then controls the cutting knife assembly to advance, cut and suture the human tissue. After cutting and suturing are completed, the jaw assembly 100 is opened to release the tissue, and the jaw assembly 100 is rotated to the initial state and the surgical instrument is removed from the human body to complete the surgical operation.

[0060] The sleeve assembly 400 includes an inner sleeve 410 and an outer sleeve 420. The outer sleeve 420 is sleeved on the outside of the inner sleeve 410. The jaw assembly 100 includes a nail magazine seat 110 and a nail anvil 120 rotatably connected to the nail magazine seat 110. The outer sleeve 420 is connected to the nail anvil 120. The movement of the outer sleeve 420 can drive the nail anvil 120 to rotate, thereby closing the jaw assembly 100. The connection structure between the outer sleeve 420 and the nail anvil 120 is described below.

[0061] For example, the surgical instrument further includes a locking member 800 and a transmission mechanism 300. The outer sleeve 420 is connected to the locking member 800 via the transmission mechanism 300. The locking member 800 has an unlocked state and a locked state. In the unlocked state, the locking member 800 is separated from the angle steering member 210, allowing the angle steering member 210 to drive the jaw assembly 100 to rotate. In the locked state, the locking member 800 locks the angle steering member 210, thereby locking the jaw assembly 100, preventing the angle steering member 210 and the jaw assembly 100 from rotating.

[0062] In response to the medical professional's manipulation, the outer sleeve 420 moves distally, closing the jaw assembly 100, and the locking member 800 locks the angle deflection member 210. This locks the jaw assembly 100 before the cutting begins, preventing the jaw assembly 100 from rotating and pulling tissue during the cutting process. The structure of how the medical professional manipulates the outer sleeve 420 to move distally is described below.

[0063] It is worth noting that in actual surgery, the thickness of the human tissue clamped by the jaw assembly 100 varies, resulting in different angles between the anvil 120 and the staple cartridge holder 110 after the jaw assembly 100 is closed. When the clamped human tissue is relatively thin, the anvil 120 can rotate to the extreme position relative to the staple cartridge holder 110, and the outer sleeve 420 moves distally to the extreme distance. After the jaw assembly 100 is closed, the staple cartridge holder 110 and the anvil 120 are generally parallel. When the clamped human tissue is relatively thick, the anvil 120 is blocked by the tissue when rotating relative to the staple cartridge holder 110 due to the thickness of the tissue, preventing the jaw assembly 100 from fully closing. After the jaw assembly 100 is closed, the anvil 120 and the staple cartridge holder 110 form a certain angle with each other, and the outer sleeve 420 moves distally to less than the extreme distance. The outer sleeve 420 is connected to the locking piece 800 through the transmission mechanism 300. When clamping thicker human tissue, the outer sleeve 420 moves distally less than the limit distance, which may cause the locking piece 800 to fail to switch to the locked state. During the subsequent operation, the jaw assembly 100 will rotate, pull the tissue, and affect the surgical effect.

[0064] As shown in Figures 3 and 4, the cutter head 510 of the cutting knife assembly is arranged in an "I" shape. The cutter head 510 includes a blade body 511, an upper beam 512, and a lower beam 513. A nail magazine assembly (not shown) is provided in the nail magazine seat 110. The nail magazine seat 110 is provided with a lower slide groove 112, and the nail support 120 is provided with an upper slide groove 124. The lower beam 513 of the cutter head 510 is placed in the lower slide groove 112, and the blade body 511 is located in the nail magazine assembly. When the jaw assembly 100 is fully closed, the upper slide groove 124 is substantially parallel to the lower slide groove 112. When the jaw assembly 100 is in a fully closed state, the cutter head 510 is located at the proximal end of the nail magazine assembly, the lower beam 513 of the cutter head 510 of the cutting knife assembly is located in the lower slide groove 112, and the upper beam 512 does not enter the upper slide groove 124. When the cutting knife assembly moves distally, the upper beam 512 of the cutter head 510 enters the upper slide groove 124 and cooperates with the upper slide groove 124 and the lower slide groove 112. The cutter head 310 is limited by the upper slide groove 124 and the lower slide groove 112 to ensure that the position of the cutter head 310 is stable when feeding and will not deviate.

[0065] When the jaw assembly 100 is clamping thick tissue, the jaw assembly 100 cannot be fully closed, and the anvil 120 and the staple cartridge holder 100 form a certain angle with each other. This is manifested as a situation where the distance between the upper slide 124 and the lower slide 112 is smaller on the proximal side of the jaw assembly 100, while the distance between the upper slide 124 and the lower slide 112 is larger on the distal side of the jaw assembly 100. If the angle between the anvil 120 and the staple cartridge holder 110 is large, such as when the distance between the upper slide 124 and the lower slide 112 on the distal side of the jaw assembly 100 is greater than the distance between the upper beam 512 and the lower beam 513, the cutting blade will not be able to advance to the bottom. When the angle between the anvil 120 and the staple cartridge holder 110 is less than or equal to a preset angle, the cutting blade can advance to the bottom normally, where the preset angle is less than 5°, for example.

[0066] In this embodiment, the travel of the outer sleeve 420 to drive the locking member 800 to the locked state is less than the travel of driving the jaw assembly 100 to the closed state. The closed state means that when the outer sleeve 420 moves distally until it can no longer move, the anvil 120 and the staple cartridge holder 110 clamp the tissue, and the angle between the anvil 120 and the staple cartridge holder 110 is less than a preset angle. Regardless of the thickness of the clamped tissue, the outer sleeve 420 has already driven the locking member 800 to the locked state when driving the jaw assembly 100 to the closed state, ensuring that the jaw assembly 100 is locked before cutting, thereby preventing tissue from being pulled.

[0067] It is worth noting that when the outer sleeve 420 moves distally, there is a situation where the outer sleeve 420 only drives the jaw assembly 100 to close, but does not drive the locking member 800 to move. In order to avoid interference between the locking member 800 in the locked state and the outer sleeve 420, the transmission mechanism 300 selectively drives the locking member 800, so that the outer sleeve 420 selectively drives the locking member 800. When the locking member 800 is in the locked state, the outer sleeve 420 moves non-driven relative to the locking member 800 when moving distally, so as to avoid the locking member 800 blocking the outer sleeve 420 from moving distally to drive the jaw assembly 100 to close.

[0068] As shown in Figures 7 and 8, when outer cannula 420 is in its initial position, jaw assembly 100 is open and locking member 800 is disengaged. The initial position refers to the position of outer cannula 420 before the medical staff performs an operation. In response to the medical staff's operation, outer cannula 420 moves distally. The distal movement of outer cannula 420 consists of a first stroke and a second stroke, and outer cannula 420 moves distally through the first stroke and the second stroke in sequence. When outer cannula 420 moves from the position shown in Figure 7 to the position shown in Figure 9, it passes through the first stroke. When outer cannula 420 moves from the position shown in Figure 9 to the position shown in Figure 11, it passes through the second stroke. As shown in Figures 7 to 10, when the outer sleeve 420 moves distally within a first stroke, the anvil 120 is driven to rotate to a first preset angle, the transmission mechanism 300 is in a first state, and the locking element 800 is driven to move to a locked state. When the anvil 120 is at the first preset angle, the angle between the anvil 120 and the cartridge holder 110 is greater than the preset angle, and the jaw assembly 100 has not yet reached the closed state. During this process, the transmission mechanism 300 is in the first state, transmitting the driving force of the outer sleeve 420's distal movement to the locking element 800, causing the locking element 800 to move to the locked state. As shown in Figures 11 and 12, when the outer sleeve 420 moves distally within a second stroke, the anvil 120 rotates from the first preset angle to the closed state. During this process, the transmission mechanism 300 is in a second state, moving non-driven relative to the locking element 800 and maintaining the locking element 800 in the locked state. When the outer sleeve 420 enters the second stroke, the locking member 800 is in a locked state and can no longer be driven by the outer sleeve 420 to move. At this time, the movement of the outer sleeve 420 can only drive the jaw assembly 100 to continue closing. The transmission mechanism 300 and the locking member 800 move in a non-driven manner to avoid interference with the locking member 800, so that the outer sleeve 420 can move smoothly to the distal side.

[0069] In the surgical instrument of this embodiment, when the medical staff operates the outer sleeve 420 to move distally, the jaw assembly 100 gradually closes to clamp tissue, and the locking member 800 switches from an unlocked state to a locked state, and then remains in the locked state. Before the jaw assembly 100 closes to clamp tissue, the locking member 800 is already in the locked state. That is, regardless of the thickness of tissue clamped by the jaw assembly 100, before the jaw assembly 100 closes, the locking member 800 has already locked the angle deflection member 210 to lock the jaw assembly 100, while not affecting the outer sleeve 420's continued distal movement to drive the jaw assembly 100 to close. After the jaw assembly 100 closes, the rotation of the jaw assembly 100 is stably locked.

[0070] The transmission mechanism 300 includes a drive deformable member 320 and a first transmission assembly 310. The drive deformable member 320 is connected to the first transmission assembly 310. The drive deformable member 320 has a certain degree of flexibility and can be deformed to avoid interference between the locking member 800 and the transmission mechanism 300. When the outer sleeve 420 moves distally within the first stroke, as shown in Figures 7 to 10, the drive deformable member 320 is in an initial state, the transmission mechanism 300 is in a first state, the drive deformable member 320 can move distally, and the transmission mechanism 300 transmits the driving force of the distal movement of the outer sleeve 420 to the locking member 800 to drive the locking member 800 to move. For example, when the outer sleeve 420 moves distally, the drive deformable member 320 and the first transmission assembly 310 move to drive the locking member 800 to move to the locked state. During this process, the locking member 800 can move to cooperate with the angle steering member 210, and the driving deformable member 320 can move distally. The kinetic energy of the movement of the outer sleeve 420 is converted into the kinetic energy of the driving deformable member 320, so that the driving deformable member 320 does not deform but moves distally. When the outer sleeve 420 moves distally within the second stroke, as shown in Figures 9 to 12, the transmission mechanism 300 is in the second state. In the second state, the transmission mechanism 300 cannot transmit the driving force of the outer sleeve 420 to the distal movement to the locking member 800. For example, the locking member 800 cooperates with the angle steering member 210 and cannot continue to move. The locking member 800 that cannot move blocks the driving deformable member 320 from moving distally. The kinetic energy of the outer sleeve 420 cannot be converted into the kinetic energy of the driving deformable member 320 to move, and can only be converted into the elastic potential energy of the driving deformable member 320, causing the driving deformable member 320 to deform. The driving deformable member 320 deforms, and the kinetic energy of the outer sleeve 420 moving distally is consumed by the deformation of the driving deformable member 320 relative to the non-driven movement of the first transmission component 310, and cannot be transmitted to the locking member 800, so that the transmission mechanism 300 moves non-driven relative to the locking member 800, and cannot drive the locking member 800 to move. At the same time, the deformation of the driving deformable member 320 allows the outer sleeve 420 to continue to move distally smoothly. During the deformation process of the driving deformable member 320, it is always connected to the first transmission component 310, so that the locking member 800 remains in a locked state.

[0071] The driving deformable member 320 has a certain rigidity. When the locking member 800 is in the unlocked state, the driving deformable member 320 is in the initial state. As shown in Figures 8 and 10, the outer sleeve 420 drives the first transmission assembly 310 and the driving deformable member 320 to move to drive the locking member 800 to move in the first direction, causing the locking member 800 to switch to the locked state. During the above process, the driving deformable member 320 has space to move distally. When it is subjected to a distal force from the outer sleeve 420, it moves distally along with the outer sleeve 420. That is, the kinetic energy of the distal movement of the outer sleeve 420 is converted into kinetic energy for the distal movement of the driving deformable member 320. The rigidity of the driving deformable member 320 enables it to remain in the initial state when driving the locking member 800, and can transmit the driving force. At the same time, the driving deformable member 320 has a certain flexibility. When the locking member 800 is in the locked state, it cannot continue to be driven by the transmission mechanism 300 to continue to move in the first direction. After the driving deformable member 320 and the first transmission assembly 310 transmit the driving force to the locking member 800, the locking member 800 cannot continue to move, blocking the movement of the driving deformable member 320 and the first transmission assembly 310. That is, when the transmission mechanism 300 is in the second state, the driving deformable member 320 does not have space to continue to move distally and cannot continue to move distally. At this time, the outer sleeve 420 continues to move distally. , and applies a distal force to the driving deformable member. When the driving deformable member 320 is unable to move distally and is subjected to the distal force, the driving deformable member is deformed, that is, the kinetic energy of the distal movement of the outer sleeve 420 is converted into the elastic potential energy of the driving deformable member. As shown in Figures 11 and 12, the driving deformable member 320 is deformed under the action of the driving force of the outer sleeve 420 and the obstruction of the locking member 800. The elastic driving member 320 switches from the initial state to the deformed state, so that the distal movement of the outer sleeve 420 is not blocked by the locking member 800, and can continue to move distally smoothly.

[0072] For example, the driving deformable member 320 is connected to the outer sleeve 420, the first transmission assembly 310 is connected to the locking member 800, and is connected to the outer sleeve 420 through the driving deformable member 320. When the outer sleeve 420 moves distally within the first stroke, the driving deformable member 320 is in the initial state and moves distally with the outer sleeve 420, driving the first transmission assembly 310 to move, and the first transmission assembly 310 drives the locking member 800 to move along the first direction. When the outer sleeve 420 moves to the end of the first stroke, the locking member 800 is in a locked state, so that the first transmission assembly 310 is locked and cannot continue to move. When the outer sleeve 420 moves distally in the second stroke, the first transmission assembly 310 cannot move to block the drive deformation member 320 from moving distally, then the drive deformation member 320 is deformed under the action of the driving force of the outer sleeve 420 and the blocking of the first transmission assembly 310, and switches to a deformed state. The kinetic energy of the outer sleeve 420 moving distally is converted into the elastic potential energy of the drive deformation member 320 to drive the deformation member, so that the outer sleeve 420 can continue to move distally smoothly, and the drive deformation member 320 always abuts against the first transmission assembly 310, so that the first transmission assembly 310 remains in a locked state, and thereby the locking member 800 remains in a locked state.

[0073] As shown in Figures 1, 2, and 6, the surgical instrument further includes a frame 600. The first transmission assembly 310 includes a lever portion 311, a rotating portion 312, a first connecting portion 313, and a second connecting portion 314. The lever portion 311 is connected to the frame 600 via the rotating portion 312 and can rotate about the rotating portion 312. The first connecting portion 313 and the second connecting portion 314 are both connected to the lever portion 311. The first connecting portion 313 is connected to the driving deformable member 320 to connect to the outer sleeve 420, and the second connecting portion 314 is connected to the locking member 800. When the driving deformable member 320 moves distally with the outer sleeve 420 to drive the first connecting portion 313 to move, the lever portion 311 rotates about the rotating portion 312, driving the second connecting portion 314 to move, so that the second connecting portion 314 drives the locking member 800 to move.

[0074] In a preferred embodiment, as shown in Figures 2 and 13 , the first direction points proximally, and the locking member 800 moves proximally to switch from the unlocked state to the locked state. The angle deflector 210 has an outer peripheral surface arranged around the rotation axis of the angle deflector 210, for example, including a central curved surface 215, a first side surface 216, and a second side surface 217, with the first side surface 216 and the second side surface 217 respectively located on either side of the central curved surface 215. The angle deflector 210 also includes a mating portion 212 and a wall portion 211. The wall portion 211 has a certain thickness. The mating portion 212 is disposed on the inner side of the wall portion 211, and the outer peripheral surface is located on the outer side of the wall portion 211. The wall portion 211 separates the mating portion 212 from the outer peripheral surface. The mating portion 212 is disposed proximally of the angle deflector 210. When the locking member 800 moves proximally, it engages with the mating portion 212, switching to the locked state.

[0075] The first connection portion 313 and the second connection portion 314 are located on either side of the rotating portion 312. When the lever portion 311 rotates about the rotating portion 312, the first connection portion 313 and the second connection portion 314 move in opposite directions. When the outer sleeve 420 moves distally within the first stroke, the transmission mechanism 300 is in the first state. The outer sleeve 420 drives the deformable member 320 to move the first connection portion 313 distally, causing the lever portion 311 to rotate clockwise about the rotating portion 312. This in turn causes the second connection portion 314 to move proximally, driving the locking member 800 to move proximally to engage with the mating portion 212, thereby switching the locking member 800 to the locked state.

[0076] When the outer sleeve 420 moves to the end of the first stroke (the beginning of the second stroke), the locking member 800 is locked, preventing the second connecting portion 314 from further proximal rotation and the first connecting portion 313 from further distal rotation. When the outer sleeve 420 moves distally within the second stroke, the driving deformable member 320 receives a distal driving force from the outer sleeve 420. Since the first connecting portion 313 is unable to move distally, a supporting force is provided to the driving deformable member 320 in the proximal direction. Under the action of the driving force and the supporting force, the driving deformable member 320 switches to the deformed state.

[0077] In another embodiment, as shown in Figures 14 to 16 , the first direction points distally, and the locking member 800 moves distally to switch from the unlocked state to the locked state. The engaging portion 212 is disposed on the inner side of the angle steering member 210 and distally of the rotation axis. The engaging portion 212 extends radially of the angle steering member 210. A plurality of engaging portions 212 are provided, arranged around the rotation axis of the angle steering member 210. Each engaging portion 212 extends radially of the angle steering member 210. When the locking member 300 is in the unlocked position, it corresponds to at least one of the engaging portions 212. When the locking member 800 moves to the locked position, it engages with the corresponding engaging portion 212 to lock the angle steering member 210.

[0078] The first connection portion 313 and the second connection portion 314 are both located on the same side of the rotating portion 312. When the lever portion 311 rotates around the rotating portion 312, the movement direction of the first connection portion 313 is the same as the movement direction of the second connection portion 314. When the outer sleeve 420 moves distally within the first stroke, the transmission mechanism 300 is in the first state. The outer sleeve 420 drives the first connection portion 313 to move distally by driving the deformable member 320, causing the lever portion 311 to rotate clockwise around the rotating portion 312, thereby causing the second connection portion 314 to move distally, driving the locking member 800 to move distally and cooperate with the mating portion 212, so that the locking member 800 switches to the locked state.

[0079] For example, as shown in FIG12 , the driving deformable member 320 includes a first end 321 and a second end 322, which are arranged vertically. The first end 321 is connected to the outer sleeve 420, and the second end 322 is connected to the first connecting portion 313. The second end 322 protrudes toward the first connecting portion 313. When the driving deformable member 320 is in an initial state, it is generally vertically arranged. When the outer sleeve 420 moves distally in the first stroke, the driving deformable member 320 drives the first connecting portion 313 to move via the second end 322. When the outer sleeve 420 moves distally in the second stroke, as shown in FIG10 , the first end 321 receives a distal driving force from the outer sleeve 420, and the second end 322 receives a proximal supporting force from the first connecting portion 313, causing the second end 322 of the driving deformable member 320 to rotate about the first end 321, thereby switching the driving deformable member 320 to the deformed state.

[0080] In other embodiments, the drive deformable member 320 can be connected to the locking member 800, and the first transmission assembly 310 is connected to the outer sleeve 420 and is connected to the locking member 800 through the drive deformable member 320, for example, the second connecting portion 314 is connected to the drive deformable member 320. When the outer sleeve 420 moves distally within the first stroke, the lever portion 311 rotates, and the second connecting portion 314 drives the drive deformable member 320 to move, thereby driving the locking member 800 to switch to the locked state. When the outer sleeve 420 moves distally within the second stroke, the lever portion 311 continues to rotate. Since the locking member 800 cannot continue to move, the drive deformable member 320 is driven by the driving force of the lever portion 311 and the supporting force of the locking member 800, switching from the initial state to the deformed state, so that the locking member 800 remains in the locked state.

[0081] After the jaw assembly 100 is closed, the medical professional operates the surgical instrument to advance the cutting blade assembly to cut tissue and then retract it to its initial position. After the cutting blade assembly returns to its initial position, the outer sleeve 420 moves proximally in response to the medical professional's operation, opening the jaw assembly 100 to release tissue and causing the locking member 800 to switch to the unlocked position, allowing the jaw assembly 100 to return to its original position and be removed from the patient. The structure of how the medical professional operates the outer sleeve 420 to move proximally is described below.

[0082] In response to the medical professional's operation, the outer sleeve 420 moves from the distal end to the proximal end, sequentially passing through the second stroke and the first stroke. During the second stroke, the outer sleeve 420 moves proximally from the position shown in FIG. 11 to the position shown in FIG. 9 . The anvil 120 rotates to the first predetermined angle, and the transmission mechanism 300 is in the second state, driving the deformable member 320 from the deformed state to the initial state, from the position shown in FIG. 12 to the position shown in FIG. 10 . The first transmission assembly 310 moves in a non-driven manner. That is, during this process, the lever portion 311 does not rotate, and the locking member 800 remains in the locked state. During the first stroke, the outer sleeve 420 moves proximally from the position shown in FIG. 9 to the position shown in FIG. 7 . The anvil 120 rotates from the first predetermined angle to the open state. The transmission mechanism 300 is in the first state. The first transmission assembly 310 moves to drive the locking member 800 to the unlocked state, from the position shown in FIG. 10 to the position shown in FIG. 8 . When the outer sleeve 420 reaches the end of the first stroke (proximal end), it returns to the proximal position. At this time, the jaw assembly 100 is in the open state and the locking member 800 is in the unlocked state.

[0083] When the outer sleeve 420 moves proximally, it can drive the first transmission assembly 310 to move proximally. In one embodiment, the outer sleeve 420 can be connected to the first connecting part 313 by driving the deformable part 320. In a preferred embodiment, as shown in Figures 8 to 12, the transmission mechanism 300 also includes a pullback drive member 340. The pullback drive member 340 is connected to the outer sleeve 420 and can move with the outer sleeve 420. The pullback drive member 340 is located on the distal side of the first transmission assembly 310. When the outer sleeve 420 moves proximally, the pullback drive member 340 acts on the first connecting part 313, causing the first connecting part 313 to move proximally, the lever part 311 rotates counterclockwise, and the second connecting part 314 moves distally, thereby switching the locking member 800 from a locked state to an unlocked state.

[0084] When the outer sleeve 420 is in the initial state, the driving deformable member 320 and the pullback driving member 340 are respectively located on both sides of the first connecting portion 313, and both abut against the first connecting portion 313. The abutment of the driving deformable member 320 and the pullback driving member 340 with the first connecting portion 313 includes touching each other, and also includes: the distance between the driving deformable member 320 / the pullback driving member 340 and the first connecting portion 313 is relatively close, so that when the driving deformable member 320 moves distally, it can abut against the first connecting portion 313 and drive the first connecting portion 313 to move distally, and when the pullback driving member 340 moves proximally, it can abut against the first connecting portion 313 and drive the first connecting portion 313 to move proximally. In response to the medical staff's operation, the outer sleeve 420 moves distally through a first stroke and a second stroke in sequence. When the outer sleeve 420 moves distally in the first stroke, it drives the drive deformable member 320 and the pullback drive member 340 to move distally. The drive deformable member 320 remains in the initial state and drives the first connecting portion 313 to move, causing the lever portion 311 to drive the locking member 800 to switch to the locked state. When the outer sleeve 420 moves distally in the second stroke, the first connecting portion 313 does not move. The drive deformable member 320 switches to the deformed state, and the pullback drive member 340 moves distally and separates from the first connecting portion 313. When the jaw assembly 100 is opened, in response to the medical professional's operation, the outer sleeve 420 moves proximally through the second stroke and the first stroke in sequence. As the outer sleeve 420 moves proximally within the second stroke, it drives the pullback driver 340 proximally, bringing the pullback driver 340 close to the first connecting portion 313 and driving the deformable member 320 to switch from the deformed state to the initial state. During this process, the pullback driver 340 remains separated from the first connecting portion 313, causing the outer sleeve 420 and the first transmission assembly 310 to move in a non-driven manner, and the locking member 800 remains in the locked state. When the outer sleeve 420 moves to the proximal end of the second stroke, the pullback drive member 340 abuts against the first connecting portion 313, driving the deformable member 320 to be in the initial state. In response to the proximal movement of the outer sleeve 420, the pullback drive member 340 drives the first connecting portion 313 to move proximally, causing the lever portion 311 to rotate, and then drives the locking member 800 to move distally through the second connecting portion 314 to switch to the unlocked state.

[0085] It is worth noting that the outer sleeve 420 moves along the axis of the sleeve assembly 400 in a straight line, while when the lever portion 311 rotates, its first connection portion 313 rotates around the rotating portion 312 in an arc. The outer sleeve 420, which moves linearly, is connected to the first connection portion 313, which moves along the arc, by driving the deformable member 320. Because the movement path of the outer sleeve 420 differs from the movement path of the first connection portion 313 of the lever portion 311, the first connection portion 313 is prone to getting stuck during movement. To address this issue, in this embodiment, the outer sleeve 420 and the first connection portion 313 are movably connected via a guide structure. When the outer sleeve 420 moves in a first direction, the guide structure drives the first connection portion 313 to rotate around the rotating portion 312 of the lever portion 311. The first direction is parallel to or collinear with the axis of the sleeve assembly 400.

[0086] The direction of the axis of the sleeve assembly 400 is the X direction, and the Y direction is perpendicular to the X direction. The outer sleeve 420 can only move in the X direction, pushing the lever part 311 to rotate, so that the first connecting part 313 rotates. The rotation of the first connecting part 313 produces displacement in both the X direction and the Y direction. In the X direction, the first connecting part 313 moves with the outer sleeve 420. In the Y direction, the first connecting part 313 moves relative to the outer sleeve 420 through the guide structure and is always connected to the outer sleeve 420, so that the first connecting part 313 can rotate smoothly while maintaining connection with the outer sleeve 420, avoiding the occurrence of rotation jamming.

[0087] When the lever portion 311 is driven to rotate, the movement path of the second connecting portion 314 is arc-shaped. The second connecting portion 314 connects to and drives the locking member 800 to move only in the X direction. In order to enable the second connecting portion 314 to drive the locking member 800 to move only in the X direction, the second connecting portion 314 and the locking member 800 are movably connected via a guide structure. When the second connecting portion 314 rotates around the rotating portion 312, it is displaced in both the X and Y directions. In the X direction, the locking member 800 moves with the second connecting portion 314; in the Y direction, the locking member 800 moves relative to the second connecting portion 314 via the guide structure, so that the second connecting portion 314 is always connected to the locking member 800, and the second connecting portion 314 drives the locking member 800 to move via the guide structure.

[0088] The guide structure includes a motion rod and a motion groove 423. One of the outer sleeve 420 and the first connecting part 313 is provided with a motion rod, and the other has a motion groove 423. The motion rod is located in the first motion groove 423. When the outer sleeve 420 moves in the first direction, the first connecting part 313 is driven to move along the first direction (X direction) through the guide structure. The motion rod slides along the length direction of the motion groove 423 (i.e., the Y direction) to make the first connecting part 313 move relative to the outer sleeve 420, thereby allowing the first connecting part 313 to be displaced in the Y direction.

[0089] In the guiding structure in which the first connecting part 313 is connected to the outer sleeve 420, as shown in Figure 6, the moving rod is connected to the first connecting part 313, for example, the first end rod 3131, and the driving deformation member 320 and the pullback driving member 340 are spaced apart in the outer sleeve 420 and extend roughly along the Y direction. A moving groove 423 is formed between the elastic driving member 320 and the pullback driving member 340, and the moving groove 423 extends roughly along the Y direction. The first end rod 3131 is located in the moving groove 423 and can move in the moving groove 423 along the length direction of the moving groove 423 (roughly the Y direction).

[0090] In the guide structure connecting the second connecting portion 314 to the locking member 800, the movable rod is the second end rod 3141, which is connected to the locking member 800. The proximal end of the locking member 800 defines a U-shaped slot, through which the locking member 800 engages with the second end rod 3141. The second end rod 3141 engages within the U-shaped slot, driving the locking member 800 toward the proximal or distal end. The inner sleeve 410 defines a sliding slot 412, within which the second end rod 3141 is disposed. Within the sliding slot 412, the second end rod 3141 can only move in the X-direction. A movable groove, such as a waist-shaped groove 3142, is defined on the lever portion 311. The ends of the second end rod 3141 are respectively positioned within the waist-shaped grooves 3142 of the two lever portions 311, with the waist-shaped grooves 3142 extending along the Y-direction. When the lever portion 311 rotates, the ends of the second end rod 3141 are respectively positioned within the waist-shaped grooves 3142 of the two lever portions 311 and slide along the length of the waist-shaped grooves 3142 (displacing along the Y-direction), allowing the second connecting portion 314 to only drive the locking member 800 to move in the X-direction. In an embodiment where the transmission structure has only one lever portion 311, the lever portion 311 is disposed on one side of the sleeve assembly 400. One end of the second end rod 3141 is fixedly connected to the locking member 800, while the other end is positioned within the movable groove 423. The specific connection relationships between the lever portion 311 and the outer sleeve 420, and between the lever portion 311 and the locking member 800, are only briefly described. For more detailed structure, please refer to the conventional design.

[0091] The medical staff controls the outer sleeve 420 to move proximally or distally through the following structure:

[0092] As shown in Figures 17 and 18, the frame 600 is provided with a handle 630 and a link assembly 610. The link assembly 610 includes a first link 611 and a second link 612. The distal end of the first link 611 is connected to the proximal end of the outer sleeve 420, and the distal end of the outer sleeve 420 is connected to the jaw assembly 100. The proximal end of the second link 612 is rotatably connected to the frame 600, and the distal end is rotatably connected to the proximal end of the first link 611. When actuated, the handle 630 can engage with the link assembly 610 and drive the link assembly 610 to move. The connecting rod assembly 610 has a first position and a second position. When the connecting rod assembly 610 is in the first position, the first connecting rod 611 and the second connecting rod 612 form an angle with each other, and the outer sleeve 420 is in the proximal position; when the connecting rod assembly 610 is in the second position, the first connecting rod 611 and the second connecting rod 612 are collinear or substantially collinear, so that the connecting rod assembly 610 self-locks in the second position, and the outer sleeve 420 is in the distal position. Under the self-locking action of the connecting rod assembly 610, the outer sleeve 420 remains in the distal position.

[0093] Collinearity means that the first link 611 and the second link 612 are located on the same straight line, with an angle of 180° between them. Substantially collinearity means that the first link 611 and the second link 612 are past their dead center positions, and the angle between them is greater than 0° and less than 5°. When the link assembly 610 is at its dead center (corresponding to collinearity) or substantially at its dead center (corresponding to substantially collinearity), the pressure angle between the first link 611 and the second link 612 is substantially 90°. When the first link 611 or the second link 612 is subjected to an external force from the sleeve assembly 400, the torque exerted on the other link is zero, preventing the link assembly 610 from moving and causing it to self-lock in the second position. This locks the jaw assembly 100 in the closed position.

[0094] During the process of switching the connecting rod assembly 610 from the first position to the second position, the hinge point gradually moves to the upper side (the side away from the gripping part of the handle 630). Since the proximal end of the second connecting rod 612 is connected to the frame 600, the hinge point at the distal end of the second connecting rod 612 moves distally. At the same time, the rotation of the first connecting rod 611 causes the distal end of the first connecting rod 611 to move distally. As can be seen from the above, the distal end of the first connecting rod 611 is connected to the proximal end of the outer sleeve 420, and the distal end of the outer sleeve 420 is connected to the jaw assembly 100. Therefore, the connecting rod assembly 610 can drive the outer sleeve 420 to move distally, so that the outer sleeve 420 is located at the distal position.

[0095] For example, the handle 630 is provided with a support portion 631, which is located on the lower side of the connecting rod assembly 610. When the connecting rod assembly 610 switches from the first position to the second position, the handle 630 supports the first connecting rod 611 or the second connecting rod 612 via the support portion 631, thereby operatively engaging with the connecting rod assembly 610. When the connecting rod assembly 610 is in the second position and locked in the second position, the support portion 631 separates from the connecting rod assembly 610 when the handle 630 returns to its original position and rebounds. When the handle 630 is subsequently actuated, the handle 630 switches from the initial position to the pressing position, and the support portion 631 moves with the movement of the handle 630. The support portion 631 contacts the connecting rod assembly 610 in the second position only when the handle 630 reaches the pressing position (the end point of the movement trajectory of the support portion 631). That is, the support portion 631 does not contact the connecting rod assembly 610 during the movement, and thus the handle 630 cannot drive the connecting rod assembly 610 during subsequent actuation. For example, the supporting portion 631 is a rod, and the handle 630 is operably engaged with the connecting rod assembly 610 by supporting the second connecting rod 612 through the supporting portion 631. During the rotation of the second connecting rod 612, the supporting portion 631 can always support the second connecting rod 612.

[0096] The medical staff controls the outer sleeve 420 to move proximally through the following structure:

[0097] As shown in Figures 19 and 20, the jaw opening assembly 900 includes a release button 910 provided outside the frame 600, and an unlocking rod 920 located in the operating assembly housing and abutting against the connecting rod assembly 610 located in the second position. The unlocking rod 920 is linked with the release button 910, and the release button 910 has a driving rod 911. When the medical staff operates the release button 910, for example, when pushing the release button 910, the release button 910 and the driving rod 911 rotate synchronously, and the rotating driving rod 911 acts on the unlocking rod to rotate the unlocking rod 920. The unlocking rod 920 abuts against one end of the connecting rod assembly 610 and moves downward to push the connecting rod assembly 610, so that the connecting rod assembly 610 returns to the first position, and the jaw assembly 100 opens to release human tissue. When the release button 910 is not operated, the unlocking lever 920 is located above the connecting rod assembly 610, and the connecting rod assembly 610 is self-locked in the second position. When the medical staff operates the release button 910, the unlocking lever 920 rotates, and one end of the unlocking lever 920 moves downward to push the connecting rod assembly 610, so that the connecting rod assembly 610 is no longer in the second position, thereby releasing the self-locking state of the connecting rod assembly 610. The outer sleeve 420 is equipped with a spring 430. One end of the spring 430 is connected to the frame 600, and the other end is connected to the push block 440. The push block 440 is connected to the first connecting rod 611. When the connecting rod assembly 610 is in the second position, the spring 430 is in a compressed state and the outer sleeve 420 is in a distal position. When the connecting rod assembly 610 is in the first position, the spring 430 is in a released state. When the medical professional operates the release button 910, so that the connecting rod assembly 610 is no longer in the second position, the spring 430 is released, pushing the push block 440 proximally, and the connecting rod assembly 610 moves to the first position, causing the jaw assembly 100 to open. At the same time, the outer sleeve 420 moves to the proximal position, thereby driving the locking member 800 to move to the unlocked state. After the knife is retracted, the medical professional operates the release button 910 to open the jaw assembly 100.

[0098] Switching the outer sleeve 420 from the proximal position to the distal position, and switching the jaw assembly 100 from the open state to the closed state, is achieved in the following manner:

[0099] As shown in Figures 11 to 25, a motion conversion mechanism is provided between the outer sleeve 420 and the anvil 120 of the jaw assembly 100. The motion conversion mechanism converts the linear motion of the outer sleeve 420 into the pivotal motion of the anvil 120, thereby enabling the anvil 120 to pivot relative to the cartridge holder 110 to close or open the jaw assembly 100. For example, when the outer sleeve 420 moves proximally, the motion conversion mechanism drives the anvil 120 to pivot upward to open the jaw assembly 100. When the outer sleeve 420 moves distally, the motion conversion mechanism drives the anvil 120 to pivot downward to close the jaw assembly 100.

[0100] For example, the outer sleeve 420 includes a body 425 and a drive tube 426 connected thereto, and the drive tube 426 drives the anvil 120 to pivot upward or downward to open or close the jaw assembly 100. The body 425 and the drive tube 426 are connected by a hinge.

[0101] The motion conversion mechanism includes a first driving member 4261 and a second driving member 4262 provided on the driving tube 426 , and a first driven portion 121 and a second driven portion 122 provided on the anvil 120 .

[0102] The first driving member 4261 drives the anvil 120 to open. The first driving member 4261 is a protrusion provided on the driving tube 426 and extends obliquely along the lower right side. The second driving member 4262 drives the anvil 120 to close. The second driving member 4262 is a driving surface at the distal end of the driving tube 426.

[0103] Correspondingly, the first follower 121 can be coupled with the first driving member 4261. The first follower 121 is a protrusion provided on the anvil 120 and extends upward. The second follower 122 can be coupled with the second driving member 4262. The second follower 122 is an abutting surface at the proximal end of the anvil 120.

[0104] A guiding mechanism is also provided between the anvil 120 and the nail magazine seat 110, and the guiding mechanism includes a pin 123 provided on the anvil 120 and an oblique waist-shaped groove 111 provided on the nail magazine seat 110, and the oblique waist-shaped groove 111 extends obliquely upward from the proximal end toward the distal end.

[0105] Please refer to the state changes from Figure 25 to Figure 24. When the jaw assembly 100 needs to be closed, the main body 425 of the outer sleeve 420 pushes the drive tube 426 to move toward the distal side, and the second drive member 4262 of the drive tube 426 abuts against the second follower portion 122 of the anvil seat 120. The pin 123 moves from the proximal lower end of the oblique waist-shaped groove 111 to the distal upper end, and the anvil seat 120 pivots downward, and the jaw assembly 100 is closed.

[0106] Please refer to the state changes from Figure 24 to Figure 25. When the jaw assembly 100 needs to be opened, the main body 425 of the outer sleeve 420 pulls the drive tube 426 to move toward the proximal side, and the first driving member 4261 of the drive tube 426 abuts against the first driven part 121 of the pin seat 120. The pin 123 moves from the far upper end of the oblique waist-shaped groove 111 to the proximal lower end, the pin seat 120 pivots upward, and the jaw assembly 100 opens.

[0107] In another embodiment, as shown in Figure 26, the transmission mechanism 300 in this embodiment includes a cam 350 and a first transmission assembly 310. The cam 350 is connected to the outer sleeve 420. In response to the movement of the outer sleeve 420, the cam 350 rotates. How to drive the cam 350 to rotate when the outer sleeve 420 moves will be described in detail below; and the cam 350 is connected to the first transmission assembly 310. The structure of the first transmission assembly 310 in this embodiment is the same as that in the first embodiment. The cam 350 includes a driving surface 352 and a retaining surface 353 connected to the driving surface 352. When the outer sleeve 420 moves distally in the first stroke, as shown in Figures 26 to 27, the transmission mechanism 300 is in the first state, the driving surface 352 is connected to the first transmission assembly 310, the outer sleeve 420 drives the cam 350 to rotate, and the cam 350 drives the first transmission assembly 310 to move through the driving surface 352, thereby driving the locking member 800 to switch from the unlocked state to the locked state; when the outer sleeve 420 moves distally in the second stroke, as shown in Figures 28 to 30, the transmission mechanism 300 is in the second state, the retaining surface 353 is connected to the first transmission assembly 310, the outer sleeve 420 drives the cam 350 to rotate, and the retaining surface 353 rotates non-drivenly relative to the first transmission assembly 310, so that the transmission mechanism 300 is relatively locked.

[0108] In the above structure, the transmission mechanism 300, through the arrangement of the cam 350, enables the outer sleeve 420 to selectively drive the locking member 800. The movement of the outer sleeve 420 drives the cam 350 to rotate. When the transmission mechanism 300 is in the first state, the cam 350 is connected to the first transmission assembly 310 via the driving surface 352. When the cam 350 rotates, it drives the first transmission assembly 310 to move, thereby driving the locking member 800 to move to the locked state. When the transmission mechanism 300 is in the second state, the cam 350 is connected to the first transmission assembly 310 via the retaining surface 353. When the cam 350 rotates, it does not drive the first transmission assembly 310 to move, and always abuts against the first transmission assembly 310, keeping the locking member 800 in the locked state. When the outer sleeve 420 moves distally within the second stroke, the transmission mechanism 300 and the locking member 800 move in a non-driving manner to avoid interference with the locking member 800, allowing the outer sleeve 420 to move distally smoothly.

[0109] As shown in Figure 27, the cam 350 includes a center 351, and the driving surface 352 includes a low point and a high point. The distance between the low point and the center 351 is smaller than the distance between the high point and the center 351. In other words, the driving surface 352 is generally an inclined arc surface. The point where the cam 350 contacts the first transmission assembly 310 is the contact point. The height of each point on the driving surface 352 (the distance from the center 351) is different. Therefore, when the driving surface 352 contacts the first transmission assembly 310 and rotates, the height of the contact point between the driving surface 352 and the first transmission assembly 310 changes, thereby driving the first transmission assembly 310 to move. The distance between each point on the retaining surface 353 and the center of the circle 351 is the same, that is, the height of each point on the retaining surface 353 is the same. When the transmission mechanism 300 is in the second state, as shown in Figures 28 and 29, the retaining surface 353 is abutted against the first transmission component 310. When the outer sleeve 420 moves distally to drive the cam 350 to rotate, the height of the abutment point between the retaining surface 353 and the first transmission component 310 remains unchanged, thereby not driving the first transmission component 310 and the locking member 800 to move, causing the transmission mechanism 300 and the locking member 800 to move in a non-driven manner.

[0110] The surgical instrument includes a frame 600, and the transmission mechanism also includes a return spring 355. One end of the return spring 355 is connected to the cam 350, and the other end is connected to the frame. When the outer sleeve 420 moves distally within the first and second strokes, the cam 350 rotates in a first rotational direction, compressing the return spring 355. When the outer sleeve 420 moves proximally within the first and second strokes, the return spring 355 is released, driving the cam 350 to rotate in a second rotational direction. The first rotational direction is opposite to the second rotational direction. In this embodiment, the first rotational direction is counterclockwise, and the second rotational direction is clockwise. The arrangement of the return spring 355 allows the cam 350 to rotate back to its initial position when the outer sleeve 420 moves proximally, allowing the first connecting portion 313 to move proximally smoothly, and the lever portion 311 can drive the locking member 800 to switch to the unlocked state. As shown in Figures 1 and 31 to 34, the cam 350 is rotatably connected to the frame 600. For example, a fixed shaft 640 is provided on the frame 600, and the center 351 of the cam 350 is connected to the fixed shaft 640 and can rotate around the fixed shaft 640. In this embodiment, the rotation axis of the cam 350 is vertically arranged, and the fixed shaft 640 passes through and connects the cam 350 from above the cam 350. The outer sleeve 420 is provided with a driving portion 427, and the cam 350 includes an extension portion 354. The extension portion 354 is provided at the lower edge of the cam 350. The driving portion 427 is located on the lower side of the cam 350 and abuts against the extension portion 354. When the outer sleeve 420 moves distally, the driving portion 427 moves with the outer sleeve 420, drives the extension portion 354 to move, and then drives the cam 350 to rotate. The extension portion 354 is plate-shaped and is obliquely arranged on the lower side of the cam 350. When the driving portion 427 moves, it acts on the extension portion 354, generating a tangential component force on the inclined surface of the extension portion 354. The tangential component force drives the cam 350 to rotate, so that the outer sleeve 420 can drive the cam 350 to rotate when it moves distally.

[0111] As shown in Figures 26 to 30, when the transmission mechanism 300 is in the first state, the cam 350 abuts the first connection portion 313 via the driving surface 352. When the outer sleeve 420 moves distally within the first stroke, the cam 350 rotates, pushing the first connection portion 313 distally via the driving surface 352, causing the lever portion 311 to rotate, driving the locking member 800 to switch to the locked state via the second connection portion 314. At this time, the retaining surface 353 of the cam 350 abuts the first connection portion 313. When the transmission mechanism 300 is in the second state, the cam 350 abuts the first connection portion 313 via the retaining surface 353. When the outer sleeve 420 moves distally within the second stroke, the cam 350 rotates, moving non-drivenly with the first connection portion 313 and always abutting against the first connection portion 313. The lever portion 311 does not rotate, thereby maintaining the locking member 800 in the locked state and allowing the outer sleeve 420 to move distally normally.

[0112] The transmission mechanism 300 also includes a pullback drive member 340. The structure of the pullback drive member 340 in this embodiment is the same as that in the first embodiment. The pullback drive member 340 is located on the distal side of the first connecting portion 313 and is connected to the outer sleeve 420. When the outer sleeve 420 moves, the pullback drive member 340 moves synchronously with the outer sleeve 420. When the outer sleeve 420 moves proximally, the pullback drive member 340 drives the first connecting portion 313 to move, causing the lever portion 311 to rotate, driving the locking member 800 to switch from a locked state to an unlocked state.

[0113] As shown in FIG34 , one end of the return spring 355 is connected to the cam 350, for example, a baffle 356 that resists the cam 356, and the other end is connected to the frame 600. Preferably, the return spring 355 is a torsion spring, and the axis of the return spring 355 substantially coincides with the rotation axis of the cam 350. When the outer sleeve 420 moves from the proximal position to the distal position and the cam 350 is driven to rotate by the driving portion 427, the return spring 355 is compressed; when the outer sleeve 420 moves from the distal position to the proximal position, the driving portion 427 moves proximally and separates from the extension portion 354 of the cam 350, and the return spring 355 is released. The cam 350 is driven by the elastic force of the body to rotate until the extension portion 354 is in contact with the driving portion 427. During the process of the outer sleeve 420 moving from the distal end to the proximal end, the return spring 355 is gradually released, driving the cam 350 to rotate, so that the cam 350 is always connected with the driving portion 427, thereby causing the cam 350 to rotate as the outer sleeve 420 moves proximally. When the outer sleeve 420 moves proximally, it passes through the second stroke and the first stroke in sequence. In the second stroke, the cam 350 is in contact with the first connecting portion 313 through the retaining surface 353, and the first connecting portion 313 does not move. In the first stroke, the cam 350 is in contact with the first connecting portion 313 through the driving surface 352, so that the first connecting portion 313 can move proximally smoothly, and the lever portion 311 can drive the locking member 800 to switch to the unlocked state.

[0114] As shown in Figures 26 to 30, when the outer sleeve 420 is in its initial state, the cam 350 and the pullback driver 340 are respectively located on either side of the first connecting portion 313. The pullback driver 340 is located distally of the first connecting portion 313 and abuts the first connecting portion 313. The cam 350 is located proximally of the first connecting portion 313 and abuts the first connecting portion 313 via the driving surface 352. The abutment between the pullback driver 340 and the first connecting portion 313 has a meaning substantially similar to the abutment between the pullback driver 340 and the first connecting portion 313 described above. In response to manipulation by a medical professional, the outer sleeve 420 moves distally through a first stroke and a second stroke. During the distal movement of the outer sleeve 420 in the first stroke, the cam 350 rotates, driving the pullback driver 340 to move distally. The rotation of the cam 350 drives the first connecting portion 313 via the driving surface 352, causing the lever portion 311 to drive the locking member 800 to switch to the locked state. When the outer sleeve 420 moves distally within the second stroke, the cam 350 abuts the first connecting portion 313 via the retaining surface 353. When the outer sleeve 420 drives the cam 350 to rotate, the first connecting portion 313 does not move, while the pullback driver 340 moves distally and separates from the first connecting portion 313, maintaining the locking element 800 in the locked state. In response to the medical professional's operation, the outer sleeve 420 moves proximally through the second stroke and the first stroke. When the outer sleeve 420 moves proximally within the second stroke, it drives the pullback driver 340 proximally, bringing it closer to the first connecting portion 313. The cam 350 rotates in the opposite direction. During this rotation, it always abuts the first connecting portion 313 via the retaining surface 353, moving non-drivenly relative to the first connecting portion 313. During this process, the pullback driver 340 always separates from the first connecting portion 313, causing the outer sleeve 420 and the first transmission assembly 310 to move non-drivenly, while the locking element 800 remains in the locked state. When the outer sleeve 420 moves to the proximal end of the second stroke, the pullback drive member 340 abuts against the first connecting portion 313, and the cam 350 drives the first connecting portion 313 through the driving surface 352. In response to the proximal movement of the outer sleeve 420, the cam 350 rotates under the action of the return spring 355, and the pullback drive member 340 drives the first connecting portion 313 to move proximally, causing the lever portion 311 to rotate, and then drives the locking member 800 to move distally through the second connecting portion 314 to switch to the unlocked state.

[0115] As the outer sleeve 420 moves from the distal end to the proximal end, it sequentially passes through the second stroke and the first stroke. As the outer sleeve 420 moves proximally within the second stroke, the anvil 120 rotates to the first preset angle, the transmission mechanism 300 is in the second state, and the cam 350 is connected to the first transmission assembly 310 via the retaining surface 353. The rotation of the cam 350 causes the cam 350 and the first transmission assembly 310 to move in a non-driven manner. That is, during this process, the lever portion 311 does not rotate, and the locking member 800 remains in the locked state. During the rotation process, the cam 350 switches to abutting one end of the driving surface 352 against the first transmission assembly 310. As the outer sleeve 420 moves proximally within the first stroke, the anvil 120 rotates from the first preset angle to the open state, the transmission mechanism 300 is in the first state, the cam 350 abuts the first connecting portion 313 via the driving surface 352, and the first transmission assembly 310 moves to drive the locking member 800 to the unlocked state. When the outer sleeve 420 reaches the end of the first stroke (proximal end), it returns to the proximal position. At this time, the jaw assembly 100 is in the open state and the locking member 800 is in the unlocked state.

[0116] It should be understood that although this specification is described in terms of implementation methods, not every implementation method contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative method of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each implementation method can also be appropriately combined to form other implementation methods that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

[0117] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present disclosure, but the scope of protection of the present disclosure is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this disclosure should be included in the scope of protection of the present disclosure. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present disclosure should be based on the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. A surgical instrument, comprising a jaw assembly, a sleeve assembly, an angle steering member, a locking member and a transmission mechanism, wherein the jaw assembly is rotatably connected to the sleeve assembly through the angle steering member; The sleeve assembly includes an outer sleeve, the jaw assembly includes a nail magazine seat and a nail anvil seat rotatably connected to the nail magazine seat, the outer sleeve is connected to the nail anvil seat, and the outer sleeve is connected to the locking member through the transmission mechanism to selectively drive the locking member; When the outer sleeve is in the proximal position, the jaw assembly is in an open state, and the locking piece is in a separated state, separated from the angle steering piece; in response to the operation of the medical staff, the outer sleeve moves distally, passing through a first stroke and a second stroke in sequence, and when the outer sleeve moves distally in the first stroke, the anvil seat rotates to a first preset angle, and the transmission mechanism is in a first state, driving the locking piece to move to the locked state; when the outer sleeve moves distally in the second stroke, the anvil seat rotates from the first preset angle to a closed state, and the transmission mechanism is in a second state, moving non-driven relative to the locking piece, and keeping the locking piece in the locked state.

2. The surgical instrument according to claim 1, wherein: The transmission mechanism includes a driving deformation member and a first transmission assembly, the driving deformation member is connected to the first transmission assembly, when the outer sleeve moves distally within the first stroke, the transmission mechanism is in the first state, the driving deformation member is in the initial state, the driving deformation member and the first transmission assembly move to drive the locking member to move to the locked state; when the outer sleeve moves distally within the second stroke, the driving deformation member is deformed to switch from the initial state to the deformation state, and moves non-driven relative to the first transmission assembly, so that the transmission mechanism moves non-driven relative to the locking member, and the locking member remains in the locked state.

3. The surgical instrument according to claim 2, wherein: The driving deformable member is connected to the outer sleeve, and the first transmission assembly is connected to the locking member and is connected to the outer sleeve through the driving deformable member.

4. The surgical instrument according to claim 2 or 3, wherein: One end of the drive deformation member is connected to the locking member, and the transmission assembly is connected to the outer sleeve.

5. The surgical instrument according to claim 3, wherein: The surgical instrument also includes a frame, the first transmission assembly includes a lever portion, a rotating portion, a first connecting portion and a second connecting portion, the lever portion is connected to the rotating portion and is connected to the frame through the rotating portion, the driving deformable member is located proximal to the first connecting portion and abuts against the first connecting portion, the driving deformable member is connected to the outer sleeve, and the second connecting portion is connected to the locking member.

6. The surgical instrument according to claim 5, wherein: The first connection portion and the second connection portion are respectively located on both sides of the lever portion, or the first connection portion and the second connection portion are located on the same side of the lever portion.

7. The surgical instrument according to claim 3, wherein: The drive deformable member includes a first end and a second end, the first end is connected to the outer sleeve, and the second end is connected to the first connecting portion. When the outer sleeve moves distally within the first stroke, the drive deformable member moves distally and drives the first connecting portion to move distally through the second end; when the outer sleeve moves distally within the second stroke, the second end of the drive deformable member rotates around the first end to switch the drive deformable member to the deformation state.

8. The surgical instrument according to claim 2 or 3, wherein: The outer sleeve selectively drives the first transmission assembly when it moves proximally. In response to the operation of the medical staff, the outer sleeve moves from the distal end to the proximal end position, and passes through the second stroke and the first stroke in sequence. When the outer sleeve moves proximally in the second stroke, the anvil rotates to the first preset angle, the transmission mechanism is in the second state, the drive deformation member switches from the deformation state to the initial state, and the outer sleeve and the first transmission assembly move non-drivenly, so that the locking member remains in the locked state. When the outer sleeve moves proximally within the first stroke, the dowel seat rotates from the first preset angle to an open state, the transmission mechanism is in the first state, and the outer sleeve drives the first transmission assembly and the elastic drive member to move, thereby driving the locking member to move to the unlocked state.

9. The surgical instrument according to claim 8, wherein: The transmission mechanism also includes a pullback drive member, which is connected to the outer sleeve and is located on the distal side of the first transmission component. When the transmission mechanism is in the first state, the pullback drive member abuts against the first transmission component. In response to the proximal movement of the outer sleeve, the pullback drive member moves proximally to drive the first transmission component, thereby switching the locking member from the locked state to the unlocked state. When the transmission mechanism is in the second state, the pullback drive member is separated from the first transmission component. In response to the proximal movement of the outer sleeve, the pullback drive member moves proximally to approach the first transmission component.

10. The surgical instrument according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein: The transmission mechanism includes a cam and a first transmission assembly, the cam is connected to the outer sleeve, the cam includes a driving surface and a retaining surface connected to the driving surface, when the outer sleeve moves distally in the first stroke, the transmission mechanism is in the first state, the driving surface is connected to the first transmission assembly, the outer sleeve drives the cam to rotate, and the cam drives the first transmission assembly to move through the driving surface, thereby driving the locking member to switch from the unlocked state to the locked state; when the outer sleeve moves distally in the second stroke, the transmission mechanism is in the second state, the retaining surface is connected to the first transmission assembly, the outer sleeve drives the cam to rotate, and the retaining surface rotates non-driven relative to the movement of the first transmission assembly, so that the transmission mechanism moves non-driven relative to the locking member and the locking member is retained in the locked state.

11. The surgical instrument according to claim 10, wherein: The cam includes a center of a circle, the driving surface includes a low point and a high point, the distance between the low point and the center of the circle is smaller than the distance between the high point and the center of the circle, and the distance between each point on the retaining surface and the center of the circle is equal.

12. The surgical instrument according to claim 10 or 11, wherein: The surgical instrument also includes a frame, the cam is rotatably connected to the frame, the outer sleeve is provided with a driving part, and the cam also includes an extension part, the driving part abuts against the extension part, and when the driving part moves distally with the outer sleeve, the extension part is driven to move, thereby driving the cam to rotate.

13. The surgical instrument according to claim 12, wherein: The transmission mechanism also includes a return spring, one end of which is connected to the cam, and the other end of which is connected to the frame. When the driving portion moves distally to drive the cam to rotate, the return spring is compressed; when the driving portion moves proximally to separate from the extension portion, the return spring is released, and the return spring drives the cam to rotate, so that the extension portion abuts against the driving portion.

14. The surgical instrument according to any one of claims 10 to 13, wherein: The surgical instrument further comprises a frame, and the transmission mechanism further comprises a return spring, one end of the return spring is connected to the cam, and the other end is connected to the frame. When the outer sleeve moves distally within the first stroke and the second stroke, the cam rotates along the first rotation direction and the return spring is compressed; when the outer sleeve moves proximally within the first stroke and the second stroke, the return spring is released, driving the cam to rotate along the second rotation direction, and the first rotation direction is opposite to the second rotation direction.

15. The surgical instrument according to any one of claims 10 to 14, wherein: The transmission mechanism also includes a pullback drive member, which is arranged on the outer sleeve and located on the distal side of the first transmission component. When the transmission mechanism is in the first state, the pullback drive member abuts against the first transmission component, and in response to the proximal movement of the outer sleeve, the pullback drive member moves proximally to drive the first transmission component, thereby switching the locking member from the locked state to the unlocked state; when the transmission mechanism is in the second state, the pullback drive member is separated from the first transmission component, and in response to the proximal movement of the outer sleeve, the pullback drive member moves proximally to approach the first transmission component.

16. The surgical instrument according to any one of claims 10 to 15, wherein: The first transmission assembly includes a lever portion, a rotating portion, a first connecting portion and a second connecting portion, the lever portion is connected to the rotating portion and is connected to the frame through the rotating portion, the first connecting portion is connected to the cam to connect to the outer sleeve, and the second connecting portion is connected to the locking member.

17. The surgical instrument according to claim 16, wherein: The first connection portion and the second connection portion are respectively located on both sides of the lever portion, or the first connection portion and the second connection portion are located on the same side of the lever portion.

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