Feed additive using ulva lactuca, which can be mixed with compound feed, and preparation method therefor

Abstract

The present invention relates to a feed additive to be fed to ruminants and, more specifically, to a feed additive using Ulva lactuca, which can be mixed with a compound feed, and a preparation method therefor, the feed additive being prepared using, as a main ingredient, Ulva sp., which causes environmental pollution on the coast and accidents during fishing, and thus reduces the emission of methane generated in the digestive organs of ruminants, does not adversely affect ruminant fermentation properties and blood metabolites, helps intake and digestion of a compound feed, and reduces environmental pollution on the coast. The present invention provides the feed additive using Ulva lactuca, which can be mixed with a compound feed, and a preparation method therefor, the feed additive comprising 45-55 wt% of Ulva lactuca, 30-35 wt% of tannin, 7-9 wt% of palm endosperm oil, 7-9 wt% of fermented soybean meal and 1-2 wt% of complex probiotics.

Description

Feed additive using seaweed that can be mixed into compound feed and method for manufacturing the same

[0001] The present invention relates to a technology for a feed additive fed to ruminants (cattle, goats, sheep, etc.), and more specifically, to a feed additive manufactured using Ulva sp., which causes environmental pollution and accidents during fishing operations on the coast, as a main ingredient, thereby reducing the amount of methane emitted from the digestive organs of ruminants, not only not having a negative effect on rumen fermentation characteristics and blood metabolites, but also helping the intake and digestion of compound feed, and improving environmental pollution on the coast, and a technology for a method for manufacturing the same, which utilizes Ulva sp., which can be mixed into compound feed.

[0002]

[0003] In general, Ulva sp. is a seaweed belonging to the Ulva family of the Ulva class of the Chlorophyta phylum, and is a species that lives attached to rocks in the lower intertidal zone, and has a shape similar to cabbage leaves. It is an eco-friendly raw material that can be used without restrictions by the Ministry of Food and Drug Safety, and is rich in vitamins and minerals, especially vitamin (B1), vitamin (C), iron, and iodine.

[0004] Recently, unlike terrestrial plants, seaweed contains a large amount of polysaccharides containing sulfate groups, and these acidic polysaccharides have been found to have anti-tumor, anti-viral, immune-enhancing, and blood anti-coagulant properties, and research and development of functional products for humans, such as cosmetics, hair loss prevention, and anti-inflammatory agents, are being suggested.

[0005] These sea squirts are causing serious environmental problems due to green algae in Jeju Island and the southern coast, as a result of ocean eutrophication and rising water temperatures. Recently, 100,000 to 120,000 tons of sea squirts are being produced annually in Jeju Island alone.

[0006] In particular, the large amount of seaweed that washes up on the coast gradually decays, emitting a strong foul odor and causing environmental pollution along the coast. In addition, a lot of manpower and money are consumed in disposal, so there is a need to develop technology that can utilize this seaweed industrially.

[0007]

[0008] In this regard,

[0009] The applicant has presented a technology related to a feed additive using seaweed as a main ingredient and a method for manufacturing the same, as Korean Patent No. 10-2404021 (Feed additive using seaweed and a method for manufacturing the same).

[0010] This prior technology uses discarded seaweed from the coast as the main raw material and mixes tannin, MSG, complex probiotics, salt, sugar, etc. to manufacture a livestock feed additive, thereby collecting and utilizing the seaweed that causes environmental pollution, thereby not only improving coastal environmental pollution but also reducing disposal costs.

[0011] In addition, as a prior art for manufacturing a feed composition for poultry using existing scallops, Korean Patent No. 10-1270690 (Feed composition containing scallops and method for manufacturing the same) has been presented.

[0012] This prior art is a feed composition comprising kelp, corn, soybean meal, gluten meal, wheat bran, soybean oil, limestone, methionine, lysine, calcium phosphate, salt, and vitamin-mineral, which improves hepatocyte damage in poultry and reduces high temperature stress in summer, thereby providing the effect of increasing the income of poultry farms.

[0013] However, the prior art presented above suffers from the problem of segregation when fed with mixed feed, as it fails to consider specific gravity. Furthermore, the methane reduction effect cannot be accurately measured, necessitating the need to maximize its effectiveness. Furthermore, the physiological changes caused by feed additives cannot be closely examined.

[0014] Green tide, such as the recent surge in the number of brown seaweeds, is a phenomenon in which brown seaweed, which is common along the coast, grows excessively due to excessive nutrients, covering coastal rocks or being carried by the current and piling up on the coast. This phenomenon not only damages the coastal landscape, but also causes a strong foul odor when it dries or rots, and in particular, it causes problems such as a high nutrient absorption rate, which threatens the survival of benthic organisms living along the coast, depleting other seaweeds.

[0015]

[0016] The present invention is a technology devised to improve the problems of the existing prior art, and manufactures a feed additive for ruminants by mixing tannin, palm endosperm, fermented soybean meal, and a complex probiotic agent with kelp as the main ingredient, thereby solving the problem of kelp being produced in large quantities due to ocean eutrophication and rising water temperature, reducing methane production that causes global warming in the digestive organs of ruminants, and providing a feed additive using kelp that can be mixed into compound feed that does not adversely affect rumen fermentation characteristics and blood metabolites and helps intake and digestion of compound feed, and a method for manufacturing the same.

[0017]

[0018] The present invention aims to achieve the above-mentioned purpose,

[0019] A feed additive using seaweed that can be mixed into a compound feed containing 45 to 55 wt% of seaweed, 30 to 35 wt% of tannin, 7 to 9 wt% of palm endosperm, 7 to 9 wt% of fermented soybean meal, and 1 to 2 wt% of a complex probiotic is provided.

[0020] In addition, the present invention provides a method for producing a feed additive using seaweed that can be mixed into a compound feed containing 45 to 55 wt% of seaweed, 30 to 35 wt% of tannin, 7 to 9 wt% of palm endosperm, 7 to 9 wt% of fermented soybean meal, and 1 to 2 wt% of a complex probiotic.

[0021] In addition, as an embodiment of the present invention, the seaweed is dried to a moisture content of 10% or less, ground with a grinder, first ground into powder of 0.5 to 1.5 mm in size, and then second ground into powder of less than 0.2 mm.

[0022] In addition, as an embodiment of the present invention, the palm endosperm is characterized in that it is dried to have a moisture content of 10% or less and contains a fat content of about 8 to 12% after mechanical pressing.

[0023]

[0024] An embodiment of the present invention solves the problems of existing seaweed by manufacturing a feed additive for ruminants using seaweed that causes environmental pollution and accidents during fishing operations on the coast as a main ingredient, thereby reducing methane production that causes global warming in the digestive organs of ruminants, not only not having a negative effect on rumen fermentation characteristics and blood metabolites, but also reducing the cost of disposal of seaweed.

[0025] In addition, the embodiment of the present invention collects seaweed washed up on the coast and manufactures a feed additive for ruminants, thereby improving environmental pollution on the coast, increasing the economic feasibility of related industries, and using seaweed rich in vitamins and minerals as the main ingredient to help intake and digestion of compound feed, and improving the growth and immunity of livestock.

[0026]

[0027] Figure 1 is a photograph showing a feed additive using seaweed in the present invention.

[0028]

[0029] Before explaining the technical idea of ​​the present invention in more detail using the attached drawings, it should be noted that the terms and words used in this specification and claims should not be interpreted as limited to their usual or dictionary meanings, and should be interpreted as meanings and concepts that are consistent with the technical idea of ​​the present invention based on the principle that the inventor can appropriately define the concept of the term to explain his or her own invention in the best way.

[0030] Therefore, the embodiments described in this specification and the configurations illustrated in the drawings are only the most preferred embodiments of the present invention and do not represent all of the technical ideas of the present invention. Therefore, it should be understood that there may be various modified examples that can replace them at the time of filing this application.

[0031] Hereinafter, the technical concept of the present invention will be described in more detail using the attached drawings. The attached drawings are merely examples used to more specifically explain the technical concept of the present invention, and therefore, the technical concept of the present invention is not limited to the forms of the attached drawings.

[0032]

[0033] [Preparing raw materials]

[0034] 1) Ulva sp.

[0035] Collected from the coast, washed to remove salt and foreign substances, etc., placed in a well-drained container to remove primary moisture for 2 to 3 hours, placed in a well-ventilated stainless steel tray to dry secondary (cold air dryer or hot air dryer) until the moisture content is 10% or less, then ground in a grinder to pulverize into powder of 0.5 to 1.5 mm in size for the first time, and then ground into powder of less than 0.2 mm for the second time to prepare.

[0036] Ulva is a type of green algae that contains useful substances such as flavonoids, ulvan, and phlorotannin. Ulvan is a sulfur-containing polysaccharide that has a methane suppression effect. Phlorotannin also has a methane suppression effect through binding to neutral detergent-insoluble fiber, reducing protozoa where methanogens live, and reducing rumen methanogens.

[0037] 2) Tannin

[0038] A type of plant-derived polyphenol biomolecule, it binds to and precipitates various organic compounds, including proteins, amino acids, and alkaloids, inhibiting their digestion. By inhibiting digestion within the rumen, it reduces the generation of hydrogen molecules produced during the decomposition process, thereby suppressing methane production and methanogenic bacteria. It is prepared in a container as a powder less than 0.2 mm in size.

[0039] 3) Palm endosperm

[0040] This refers to the white endosperm inside the palm husk, dried to a moisture content of less than 10%. After mechanical pressing, the palm endosperm contains approximately 8-12% fat, and lauric acid (C12) accounts for approximately 46-50% of the fat composition. Lauric acid has an inhibitory effect on methanogenic bacteria, so it can suppress methane production. It is prepared in a container as a powder less than 0.2 mm in size.

[0041] 4) Fermented soybean meal

[0042] This product utilizes both the heat of fermentation and the microbial proteins produced during the fermentation of soybean meal with microorganisms. The moisture content is dried to less than 10% after fermentation. Fermented soybean meal suppresses fermentation in the rumen, allowing protein to be delivered directly to the small intestine. It also suppresses methane production during the fermentation process in the rumen. It is prepared in a container as a powder of less than 0.2 mm.

[0043] 5) Complex probiotics

[0044] It is composed of lactic acid-producing bacteria (Lactobacillus plantarum), Bacillus subtilis, and brewer's yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae). It acts on the digestive organs of animals to increase digestive efficiency and boost immunity. It is prepared in a container as a powder of less than 0.2 mm.

[0045]

[0046] [Feed Additive Manufacturing]

[0047] Prepared powdered seaweed, tannin, palm endosperm, fermented soybean meal, and a complex probiotic were mixed as shown in [Table 1] below to produce a feed additive by mixing 45 wt% of seaweed, 35 wt% of tannin, 9 wt% of palm endosperm, 9 wt% of fermented soybean meal, and 2 wt% of a complex probiotic.

[0048] For the test of feed additives, 15 fattening cattle with an average age of 16.7 months were fed the mixed additives as shown in [Table 1] below. After feeding the additives, methane emissions (CH) were measured for 5 fattening cattle after 30 days. 4, g / d) were measured and shown in [Table 2] below. Methane emissions were measured using a respiration chamber.

[0049] Raw material weight %: seaweed 45, tannin 35, palm endosperm 9, fermented soybean meal 9, complex probiotic 2

[0050] Before and after feeding of fattening cattleA129.23114.65B127.04115.43C131.72113.62D132.12116.19E127.87114.75

[0051]

[0052] [Preparing raw materials]

[0053] 1) Ulva sp.

[0054] Collected from the coast, washed to remove salt and foreign substances, etc., placed in a well-drained container to remove primary moisture for 2 to 3 hours, placed in a well-ventilated stainless steel tray to dry secondary (cold air dryer or hot air dryer) until the moisture content is 10% or less, then ground in a grinder to pulverize into powder of 0.5 to 1.5 mm in size for the first time, and then ground into powder of less than 0.2 mm for the second time to prepare.

[0055] Ulva is a type of green algae that contains useful substances such as flavonoids, ulvan, and phlorotannin. Ulvan is a sulfur-containing polysaccharide that has a methane suppression effect. Phlorotannin also has a methane suppression effect through binding to neutral detergent-insoluble fiber, reducing protozoa where methanogens live, and reducing rumen methanogens.

[0056] 2) Tannin

[0057] A type of plant-derived polyphenol biomolecule, it binds to and precipitates various organic compounds, including proteins, amino acids, and alkaloids, inhibiting their digestion. By inhibiting digestion within the rumen, it reduces the generation of hydrogen molecules produced during the decomposition process, thereby suppressing methane production and methanogenic bacteria. It is prepared in a container as a powder less than 0.2 mm in size.

[0058] 3) Palm endosperm

[0059] This refers to the white endosperm inside the palm husk, dried to a moisture content of less than 10%. After mechanical pressing, the palm endosperm contains approximately 8-12% fat, and lauric acid (C12) accounts for approximately 46-50% of the fat composition. Lauric acid has an inhibitory effect on methanogenic bacteria, so it can suppress methane production. It is prepared in a container as a powder less than 0.2 mm in size.

[0060] 4) Fermented soybean meal

[0061] This product utilizes both the heat of fermentation and the microbial proteins produced during the fermentation of soybean meal with microorganisms. The moisture content is dried to less than 10% after fermentation. Fermented soybean meal suppresses fermentation in the rumen, allowing protein to be delivered directly to the small intestine. It also suppresses methane production during the fermentation process in the rumen. It is prepared in a container as a powder of less than 0.2 mm.

[0062] 5) Complex probiotics

[0063] It is composed of lactic acid-producing bacteria (Lactobacillus plantarum), Bacillus subtilis, and brewer's yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae). It acts on the digestive organs of animals to increase digestive efficiency and boost immunity. It is prepared in a container as a powder of less than 0.2 mm.

[0064]

[0065] [Feed Additive Manufacturing]

[0066] Prepared powdered seaweed, tannin, palm endosperm, fermented soybean meal, and a complex probiotic were mixed as shown in [Table 1] below to produce a feed additive by mixing 55 wt% of seaweed, 30 wt% of tannin, 7 wt% of palm endosperm, 7 wt% of fermented soybean meal, and 1 wt% of a complex probiotic.

[0067] For the test of feed additives, 15 fattening cattle with an average age of 16.7 months were fed the mixed additives as shown in [Table 3] below. After feeding the additives, methane emissions (CH) were measured for 5 fattening cattle after 30 days. 4, g / d) were measured and shown in [Table 4] below. Methane emissions were measured using a respiration chamber.

[0068] Raw material weight %: 55% seaweed, 30% tannin, 7% palm endosperm, 7% fermented soybean meal, 1% complex probiotic

[0069] Before and after feeding of fattening cattle A128.37112.43B129.31113.90C128.98112.35D131.72115.92E128.59115.64

[0070]

[0071] [Example Results]

[0072] After 15 days of administering the additive to the general mixed feed, the feed intake and palatability of the additive in the fattening cattle were found to be good, and as shown in [Table 2] and [Table 4] above, the methane emissions before and after the administration of the additive were found to be significantly reduced.

[0073]

[0074] [Example Test 1]

[0075] In order to test the feed additive manufactured in [Example 1], a test was conducted on 15 fattening cattle with an average age of 16.7 months. The animals were divided into a treatment group (Treatment) where the additive was mixed with existing concentrate feed and roughage at a rate of 0.5% and fed, and a control group (Control) where the feed additive was not fed.

[0076] The test was conducted for a total of 36 days, and blood and rumen sampling were conducted 33 days after the test. Blood sampling was conducted 1 hour before the meal, and rumen sampling was conducted 0, 2, and 4 hours after the meal, for a total of three times for each individual.

[0077] The results of blood metabolites confirmed after blood sampling are shown in [Table 5], and in order to confirm the rumen fermentation characteristics in rumen sampling, rumen fluid pH, volatile fatty acids, ammonia nitrogen, etc. were checked, and the results are shown in [Table 6] below.

[0078]

[0079]

[0080]

[0081] [test]

[0082] After 33 days of administering additives to general mixed feed, it was confirmed that there was no significant difference in the blood metabolites and rumen fermentation characteristics of fattening cattle compared to the control group that did not receive additives.

[0083] Looking closely at the results of [Table 5] above, total blood protein is the sum of albumin and globulin. Albumin regulates osmotic pressure and plays a role in transporting ions such as hormones, vitamins, and calcium to the body, while globulin is a protein responsible for immune substance function.

[0084] Total bilirubin (T-Bilirubin) and direct bilirubin (D-Bilirubin) refer to pigments produced when red blood cells are destroyed. Direct bilirubin refers to bilirubin after being processed in the liver, and indirect bilirubin is the value obtained by subtracting direct bilirubin from total bilirubin, indicating the state before being processed in the liver. In other words, it is an indicator to check if there are problems with the liver, bile ducts, and blood.

[0085] Aspartate transaminase (AT), an enzyme crucial for amino acid metabolism, is an indicator of liver health. High levels can indicate liver damage. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) is also used to diagnose liver and bone problems. Gamma-glutamyl transferase (GTT), an enzyme that transports amino acids into cells, is abundant in the liver and can be used to detect liver abnormalities.

[0086] Meanwhile, creatinine, a waste product produced by muscles, represents kidney function. Lactate dehydrogenase, an enzyme found in all tissues of the body, catalyzes the reciprocal conversion of pyruvate and lactate, and is used as an indicator of damage to various tissues.

[0087] Finally, blood urea nitrogen (BUN) is used as an indicator of protein metabolism and kidney function. Aside from a significant decrease in direct bilirubin, these indicators showed no significant difference, indirectly confirming that supplementation does not pose a risk.

[0088] In addition, if we look closely at the results of [Table 6] above, the pH in the rumen fluid can be lowered when rumen fermentation is excessive, when a lot of concentrated feed is consumed, or when acidic substances (organic acids, etc.) are consumed, and when the pH is maintained below 5.8 for more than 3 hours, subacute rumen hyperacidity occurs.

[0089] No significant differences were found between the treatment groups receiving the additive and the control group receiving no additive. Furthermore, the composition of volatile fatty acids, an indicator of changes in rumen fermentation, also showed no significant differences, confirming that the additive did not negatively impact rumen fermentation in cows.

[0090]

[0091] [Example Test 2]

[0092] The growth performance and methane production of the treatment group (Treatment) fed with 0.5% of the feed additive manufactured in [Example 1] and the control group (Control) fed with no feed additive were examined. The test was conducted for a total of 36 days, and methane was measured for a total of 3 days using a respiration chamber from day 30 to day 32 of the test. The results are shown in [Table 7] below.

[0093]

[0094]

[0095] [test]

[0096] There were no significant differences among the treatment groups in terms of initial body weight, body weight after the end of the test, daily dry matter intake, daily weight gain, and feed conversion efficiency. When the methane production amount was checked, the total methane gas production amount did not show a significant difference because the standard error was high due to the difference in dry matter intake and the difference between individuals. However, when the methane gas production amount was checked against the dry matter intake amount, the control group produced 16.86 g of methane per kg of dry matter intake, but the treatment group produced 14.5 g, confirming a methane gas production reduction rate of approximately 14.0%.

[0097] Methane emission factor (Ym) refers to the percentage of energy consumed that is converted to methane gas. In the control group, 5.32% of the energy was used to produce methane gas, while in the treatment group, only 4.55% of the energy was used to generate methane gas, confirming that the amount of energy lost as methane gas was reduced by 14.47%. Therefore, it was confirmed that the additive had a methane reduction effect.

[0098] The present invention has been described above with reference to preferred embodiments thereof, but is not limited to the above embodiments. A person having ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention pertains can make various modifications without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

[0099]

[0100] By manufacturing a feed additive using Ulva sp., which causes environmental pollution and accidents during fishing operations on coastal areas, as the main ingredient, it reduces the amount of methane emitted from the digestive system of ruminants, does not have a negative effect on rumen fermentation characteristics and blood metabolites, and helps intake and digestion of compound feed, and improves environmental pollution on coastal areas.

Claims

1. A feed additive using seaweed that can be mixed into a compound feed containing 45 to 55 wt% of seaweed, 30 to 35 wt% of tannin, 7 to 9 wt% of palm endosperm, 7 to 9 wt% of fermented soybean meal, and 1 to 2 wt% of a complex probiotic.

2. A method for manufacturing a feed additive using seaweed that can be mixed in a compound feed, characterized in that the feed is manufactured by mixing 45 to 55 wt% of seaweed, 30 to 35 wt% of tannin, 7 to 9 wt% of palm endosperm, 7 to 9 wt% of fermented soybean meal, and 1 to 2 wt% of a complex probiotic.

3. In paragraph 2, The above seaweed is, A method for manufacturing a feed additive using seaweed that can be mixed into compound feed, characterized in that the seaweed is dried to a moisture content of 10% or less, ground with a grinder, first ground into powder of 0.5 to 1.5 mm in size, and then second ground into powder of less than 0.2 mm.

4. In paragraph 2, The above palm endosperm is, A method for manufacturing a feed additive using seaweed that can be mixed into compound feed, characterized in that the water content is 10% or less, and the fat content is 8 to 12% after mechanical pressing.

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