Numerical control diamond grinding system

Abstract

Disclosed in the present application is a numerical control diamond grinding system, comprising a machine tool, wherein a machine vision system, a two-degree-of-freedom adjusting portion, a four-degree-of-freedom adjusting portion and a fixture, which are connected to a processor, are provided above the machine tool. The four-degree-of-freedom adjusting portion comprises a Z-axis assembly, an X-axis assembly, a B-axis assembly and an A-axis assembly, wherein the Z-axis assembly is mounted above the machine tool in such a way that the Z-axis assembly moves left and right; the X-axis assembly is mounted on the Z-axis assembly in such a way that the X-axis assembly moves forward and backward; the B-axis assembly is horizontally and rotationally mounted on the X-axis assembly; the A-axis assembly is vertically and rotationally mounted on one side of a connecting base fixedly arranged above the B-axis assembly; and a diamond to be ground is fixed to the A-axis assembly by means of the fixture. The two-degree-of-freedom adjusting portion comprises a Y-axis assembly and a spindle grinding disc, wherein the Y-axis assembly is mounted at one end of the Z-axis assembly in such a way that the Y-axis assembly moves up and down; and the spindle grinding disc is mounted on the Y-axis assembly. The present device can rapidly grind all facets of round diamonds and fancy-shaped diamonds, significantly improving the diamond grinding efficiency, and the present device can perform real-time monitoring on the grinding condition of the diamonds, thereby effectively enhancing the diamond grinding precision.

Description

A CNC diamond grinding system Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of diamond processing, and in particular to a CNC diamond grinding system. Background Art

[0002] The most common cut of a diamond has 57 facets, primarily consisting of one table, eight star facets, eight kite facets, 16 upper girdle facets, eight main facets in the pavilion, and 16 lower girdle facets, for a total of 57 facets. If the culet is cut and polished to a single plane, the total number of facets rises to 58. Diamond processing begins with the rough diamond and generally involves five steps: rough design, marking, sawing, rounding, and grinding and polishing. The 57 or 58 facets of a round diamond are achieved during the grinding and polishing phase. Traditionally, the rough diamond is manually gripped using a polishing device and then polished individually on a polishing machine. The prior art, patented as JP2005125437A, utilizes an inefficient CNC machine structure during the diamond grinding and polishing process, resulting in low grinding efficiency and accuracy. It also lacks the ability to identify easily polished areas and monitor the grinding results. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In order to address the deficiencies of the prior art, the present application aims to provide a CNC diamond grinding system, which can quickly grind all facets of round diamonds and special-shaped diamonds, significantly improve diamond grinding efficiency, and can monitor the diamond grinding status in real time, effectively enhancing diamond grinding accuracy.

[0004] In order to achieve the above objectives, the technical solutions adopted in this application are:

[0005] A numerically controlled diamond grinding system includes a machine tool. A machine vision system connected to a processor, a two-degree-of-freedom adjustment unit, a four-degree-of-freedom adjustment unit, and a fixture are provided above the machine tool. The four-degree-of-freedom adjustment unit includes a Z-axis assembly, an X-axis assembly, a B-axis assembly, and an A-axis assembly. The Z-axis assembly is mounted above the machine tool for left-right movement, the X-axis assembly is mounted on the Z-axis assembly for forward and backward movement, the B-axis assembly is mounted on the X-axis assembly for horizontal rotation, and the A-axis assembly is mounted on one side of a connecting seat fixed above the B-axis assembly for vertical rotation. A diamond to be ground is fixed to the A-axis assembly via the fixture. The two-degree-of-freedom adjustment unit includes a Y-axis assembly and a spindle grinding disc. The Y-axis assembly is mounted on one end of the Z-axis assembly for vertical movement, and the spindle grinding disc is mounted on the side of the Y-axis assembly facing the diamond to be ground.

[0006] Preferably, the Z-axis assembly includes a Z-axis linear motor, which is horizontally mounted on the machine tool.

[0007] Preferably, the X-axis assembly includes an X-axis linear motor, which is horizontally mounted on the movable part of the Z-axis linear motor.

[0008] Preferably, the B-axis assembly includes a B-axis rotary motor, which is mounted on the movable part of the X-axis linear motor.

[0009] Preferably, the A-axis assembly includes an A-axis rotary motor, which is mounted on a side of the connecting seat.

[0010] Preferably, the Y-axis assembly includes a Y-axis linear motor and a bracket, the bracket is fixed on the machine tool, the Y-axis linear motor is vertically mounted on the bracket, and the spindle grinding wheel is mounted on the movable part of the Y-axis linear motor.

[0011] Preferably, the fixture comprises a nozzle, a sleeve and a pneumatic collet, the nozzle is pressed into the sleeve to clamp and fix the diamond to be ground, and the sleeve is installed in the pneumatic collet and locked through the air circuit.

[0012] Preferably, the processor is used for parameter analysis and processing, controlling the movements of various components, and finding the easy-to-grind position. The machine vision system is used for real-time monitoring of the diamond grinding condition.

[0013] The beneficial effects of this application are:

[0014] 1. The spindle rotation and Y-axis linear feed of the spindle grinding wheel in this application constitute the grinding wheel's two degrees of freedom. The linear feed of the X and Z axes, and the angular feed of the B and A axes, constitute the worktable's four degrees of freedom. The coordinated action of the two-degree-of-freedom adjustment unit and the four-degree-of-freedom adjustment unit facilitates grinding operations.

[0015] 2. Through the coordination of the fixture structure such as the nozzle, sleeve and pneumatic collet, the diamond to be ground can be stably clamped and fixed, thereby significantly improving the grinding accuracy.

[0016] 3. This application sets up a machine vision system to monitor the grinding status of the diamond in real time, thereby effectively ensuring the precise alignment of the crown and pavilion. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of this application;

[0018] FIG2 is a schematic diagram of the installation of the fixture of the present application.

[0019] Figure numerals: 1. Machine tool; 20. Bracket; 21. Y-axis linear motor; 22. Spindle grinding disc; 221. Grinding disc; 222. Spindle motor; 3. Z-axis linear motor; 4. X-axis linear motor; 5. B-axis rotary motor; 51. Connecting seat; 6. A-axis rotary motor; 7. Fixture; 71. Nozzle; 72. Collet; 73. Pneumatic collet; 74. Air circuit; 8. Diamond to be ground. Implementation Method

[0020] The principles and features of the present application are described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The examples given are only used to explain the present application and do not limit the scope of use of the present application.

[0021] As shown in Figures 1-2, this application proposes a CNC diamond grinding system, comprising a machine tool 1, above which are located a processor, a machine vision system, a two-degree-of-freedom adjustment unit, a four-degree-of-freedom adjustment unit, and a fixture 7. The spindle rotation of the spindle grinding wheel 22 and the linear feed along the Y axis constitute the two degrees of freedom of the grinding wheel. The linear feed along the X and Z axes, and the angular feed along the B and A axes constitute the four degrees of freedom of the worktable.

[0022] The four-degree-of-freedom adjustment unit includes a Z-axis assembly, an X-axis assembly, a B-axis assembly, and an A-axis assembly. The Z-axis assembly is mounted above the machine tool 1 for left and right movement. Specifically, in this embodiment, the Z-axis assembly includes a Z-axis linear motor 3 mounted horizontally on the machine tool 1. This Z-axis linear motor 3 is a servo linear motor that can drive the other components mounted above it to move left and right on their tracks, completing the left and right feed motion.

[0023] The X-axis assembly is mounted on the Z-axis assembly for forward and backward movement. Specifically, the X-axis assembly includes an X-axis linear motor 4 mounted horizontally on the movable portion of the Z-axis linear motor 3. The X-axis motor is also a servo linear motor, which can drive the B-axis assembly and A-axis assembly mounted on it to reciprocate on the track, completing the forward and backward feed motion.

[0024] The B-axis assembly is mounted horizontally on the X-axis assembly. Specifically, the B-axis assembly includes a B-axis rotary motor 5 mounted on the movable portion of the X-axis linear motor 4. The B-axis rotary motor 5 uses a direct-drive servo motor, capable of rotating about the centerline, thereby adjusting the diamond feed angle.

[0025] The A-axis assembly is mounted vertically on one side of a connection base 51 fixed above the B-axis assembly. Specifically, the A-axis assembly includes an A-axis rotary motor 6, which is mounted on the side of the connection base 51. A-axis rotary motor 6 is also a direct-drive servo motor that cooperates with the B-axis rotary motor 5 to adjust the diamond feed angle.

[0026] The two-degree-of-freedom adjustment unit includes a Y-axis assembly and a spindle grinding disc 22. The Y-axis assembly is mounted on one end of the Z-axis assembly for vertical movement, and the spindle grinding disc 22 is mounted on the side of the Y-axis assembly facing the diamond 8 to be ground. Specifically, the Y-axis assembly includes a Y-axis linear motor 21 and a bracket 20. The bracket 20 is fixed to the machine tool 1. The Y-axis linear motor 21 is vertically mounted on the bracket 20. The spindle grinding disc 22 is mounted on the movable part of the Y-axis linear motor 21. The Y-axis linear motor 21 is also a servo linear motor. The spindle grinding disc 22 includes a spindle motor 222 and a grinding disc 221. The grinding disc 221 is mounted on the spindle motor 222. The Y-axis linear motor 21 can drag the spindle motor 222 and the grinding disc 221 to move up and down on the bracket 20.

[0027] The diamond 8 to be ground is fixed to the A-axis assembly by a fixture 7. The fixture 7 comprises a nozzle 71, a collet 72, and a pneumatic collet 73. The nozzle 71 is pressed into the collet 72 to clamp the diamond 8 to be ground. The collet 72 is installed in the collet 73 and locked by an air line 74. This ensures a stable clamping of the diamond 8 to be ground, significantly improving grinding accuracy.

[0028] Machine vision systems are used to monitor diamond grinding progress in real time, effectively ensuring precise alignment of the crown and pavilion. These systems include industrial cameras, lenses, displays, and may also include a light source. Online observation of diamond images during grinding using machine vision systems is a well-established technique, and the principles behind this are omitted for clarity.

[0029] The machine vision system, various drive motors, and pneumatic collet 73 are all connected to the processor. The processor, through precise control of various components and in conjunction with the machine vision system, automatically locates the easiest grinding direction. Due to the crystalline properties of diamond, grinding each facet with varying degrees of difficulty varies depending on the grinding direction. To find the easiest grinding direction, the facet is rotated while maintaining its parallelism to the grinding wheel. The mechanical parameters are then fed back to the processor, which calculates the easiest angle and then proceeds to grind in that direction, eliminating the need for manual intervention and significantly improving grinding efficiency.

[0030] In this application, after the rough diamond has been designed, marked, sawn, and rounded, it is then mounted on a fixture 7 on a four-degree-of-freedom worktable during the grinding and polishing phase. The crown is first clamped, and machine tool 1 grinds the pavilion's 16 lower girdle facets and 8 main facets. After grinding all 24 pavilion facets, fixture 7 releases the crown and re-clamps the pavilion. The crown's one table facet, eight star facets, eight kite facets, and 16 upper girdle facets are ground. To ensure that the ridgelines between the upper and lower girdle facets align perfectly, the secondary clamping is performed under machine vision monitoring.

[0031] When grinding a facet, or when one facet is completed and the next facet is ground, the spindle of the spindle grinding disc 22 rotates continuously, and the feeding is completed by the Y axis, X axis, Z axis, B axis and A axis driven by the servo motor.

[0032] Obviously, the embodiments described above are only some of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all of the embodiments. The preferred embodiments of the present application are given in the accompanying drawings, but they do not limit the patent scope of the present application. The present application can be implemented in many different forms. On the contrary, the purpose of providing these embodiments is to make the understanding of the disclosure of the present application more thorough and comprehensive. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, for those skilled in the art, it is still possible to modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned specific embodiments, or to make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. Any equivalent structure made using the contents of the present application specification and the accompanying drawings, directly or indirectly used in other related technical fields, is also within the scope of patent protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A numerical control diamond grinding system, comprising a machine tool, characterized in that: Above the machine tool, there are a machine vision system, a two-degree-of-freedom adjustment unit, a four-degree-of-freedom adjustment unit and a fixture connected to a processor. The four-degree-of-freedom adjustment unit includes a Z-axis assembly, an X-axis assembly, a B-axis assembly and an A-axis assembly. The Z-axis assembly is movably installed horizontally above the machine tool. The X-axis assembly is movably installed front and back on the Z-axis assembly. The B-axis assembly is horizontally rotatably installed on the X-axis assembly. The A-axis assembly is vertically rotatably installed on one side of a connecting seat fixedly arranged above the B-axis assembly. The diamond to be ground is fixed on the A-axis assembly through the fixture. The two-degree-of-freedom adjustment unit includes a Y-axis assembly and a main shaft grinding disc. The Y-axis assembly is movably installed up and down at one end of the Z-axis assembly. The main shaft grinding disc is installed on the side of the Y-axis assembly facing the diamond to be ground.

2. The numerical control diamond grinding system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The Z-axis assembly includes a Z-axis linear motor, and the Z-axis linear motor is horizontally installed on the machine tool.

3. The numerical control diamond grinding system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The X-axis assembly includes an X-axis linear motor, and the X-axis linear motor is horizontally installed on the moving part of the Z-axis linear motor.

4. The numerical control diamond grinding system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The B-axis assembly includes a B-axis rotary motor, and the B-axis rotary motor is installed on the moving part of the X-axis linear motor.

5. The numerical control diamond grinding system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The A-axis assembly includes an A-axis rotary motor, and the A-axis rotary motor is installed on the side surface of the connecting seat.

6. The numerical control diamond grinding system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The Y-axis assembly includes a Y-axis linear motor and a bracket. The bracket is fixed on the machine tool. The Y-axis linear motor is vertically installed on the bracket. The main shaft grinding disc is installed on the moving part of the Y-axis linear motor.

7. The numerical control diamond grinding system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixture includes a chuck, a collet and a pneumatic collet chuck. The chuck is pressed into the collet to clamp and fix the diamond to be ground. The collet is installed in the pneumatic collet chuck and locked through an air circuit.

8. The numerical control diamond grinding system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The machine vision system is used to instantaneously monitor the grinding condition of the diamond.

9. The numerical control diamond grinding system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The processor is used for parameter analysis and processing, controlling the actions of each component, and finding the easy-to-grind orientation.

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