Communication method and communication apparatus

Abstract

The present application provides a communication method. The method comprises: acquiring a network transmission capacity predicted for data of a first terminal device, and a data characteristic predicted for the data of the first terminal device; on the basis of the predicted network transmission capacity and the predicted data characteristic, determining whether current data of the first terminal device needs to be controlled; and on the basis of future information predicted for the data of the first terminal device, determining whether the transmission of the current data of the first terminal device needs to be actively adjusted in advance. Therefore, the probability of occurrence of packet loss or large time delay of the data of the first terminal device caused by poor network performance in a certain period of time in the future can be reduced.

Description

Communication method and communication device

[0001] This application claims priority to the Chinese patent application filed with the China Patent Office on November 29, 2023, with application number 202311627133.7 and application name “Communication Method and Communication Device”, the entire contents of which are incorporated by reference into this application. Technical Field

[0002] The present application relates to the field of wireless communications, and more particularly, to a communication method and a communication device. Background Art

[0003] The fifth generation (5 th 5G) communication is a communication network that follows the fourth generation (4 th The next-generation global wireless standard, following 4G (4th generation) communications, is designed to increase data transmission speeds, reduce latency, support more users, devices, and services, and improve network efficiency. Extended reality (XR) combines the real and virtual through computers to create a virtual environment where humans and machines can interact. XR is a general term for technologies such as augmented reality (AR), virtual reality (VR), and mixed reality (MR). It provides users with an immersive experience, seamlessly transitioning between the virtual and real worlds. XR is sensitive to both bandwidth and latency.

[0004] Specifically, 5G networks are well-suited to the characteristics of XR services. However, when network performance deteriorates, XR services can suffer from frame loss or stuck frames, impacting the XR experience. Therefore, improving the user experience of XR services has become an urgent issue to be addressed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present application provides a communication method to reduce the probability of data packet loss or delay and improve user experience.

[0006] In a first aspect, a communication method is provided. The method may be performed by a first communication device, or by a component (e.g., a chip or circuit) of the first communication device, although this application does not limit this. Optionally, the first communication device may be an access network device, or the first communication device may be a core network device (e.g., a user plane function (UPF) network element).

[0007] The method may include: obtaining a predicted network transmission capacity for data of a first terminal device; obtaining a predicted data characteristic for the data of the first terminal device; and determining to control current data of the first terminal device based on the predicted network transmission capacity and the predicted data characteristic. The first terminal device may be any terminal device.

[0008] Based on the above technical solution, the first communication device can obtain the predicted network transmission capacity and the predicted data characteristics. And based on the obtained predicted network transmission capacity and predicted data characteristics, it can be determined whether it is necessary to control the current data of the first terminal device. Therefore, the first communication device can determine whether it is necessary to actively adjust the transmission of the current data of the first terminal device in advance based on the future information predicted for the data of the first terminal device (such as the network transmission capacity and data characteristics within a certain period of time in the future), thereby reducing the probability of packet loss or delay in the case of network congestion, and improving the service experience of the terminal device in the case of non-congested network.

[0009] In combination with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the predicted network transmission capability includes at least one of the following: the transmission guarantee capability of the network predicted for the rate, packet loss rate, or delay of the data of the first terminal device.

[0010] The above-mentioned predicted network transmission capacity can be the transmission guarantee capacity of the network predicted for the rate, packet loss rate, or delay of the data of the first terminal device. That is, in the process of predicting the network transmission capacity within a certain period of time in the future, the different requirements for the data of the first terminal device are taken into account (for example, at least one of the requirements such as rate, packet loss rate, or delay (such as delay gradient)), so that the predicted network transmission capacity can accurately reflect whether the data transmission guarantee of the first terminal device is met.

[0011] In combination with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the predicted network transmission capacity includes: a predicted first network transmission capacity and / or a second network transmission capacity, wherein the first network transmission capacity is the network transmission capacity between the access network device and the first terminal device, and the second network transmission capacity is the network transmission capacity between the access network device and the core network device.

[0012] The predicted network transmission capacity mentioned above includes, but is not limited to, the predicted first network transmission capacity and / or the predicted second network transmission capacity. In this technical solution, when predicting network transmission capacity for a certain period of time in the future, both the network transmission capacity between the access network device and the terminal device and the network transmission capacity between the access network device and the core network device can be considered, so that the predicted network transmission capacity can more accurately reflect the transmission guarantee capability of the entire communication network.

[0013] In combination with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, obtaining the predicted network transmission capability includes: determining the first network transmission capability and / or the second network transmission capability; or, receiving first prediction information and / or second prediction information, the first prediction information is used to indicate the first network transmission capability, and the second prediction information is used to indicate the second network transmission capability; or, determining the first network transmission capability and receiving the second prediction information; or, determining the second network transmission capability and receiving the first prediction information.

[0014] Based on the above technical solution, the first communication device can obtain the predicted network transmission capacity through various means. For example, it can determine it independently, or receive it from another communication device. This technical solution does not impose any restrictions on the method by which the first communication device obtains the predicted network transmission capacity, thereby increasing the flexibility of the solution.

[0015] In combination with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, determining the first network transmission capability includes: determining the first network transmission capability based on one or more of the following information: the wireless environment in which the first terminal device is located, the channel quality of the first terminal device, the wireless scheduling capability of the access network device for the data of the first terminal device, the software processing resources or hardware processing resources of the access network device for the data of the first terminal device, or the number of terminal devices connected to the access network device, wherein the first terminal device is one of the terminal devices connected to the access network device.

[0016] Based on the above technical solution, if the first communication device determines the first network transmission capability independently, the first communication device can determine the first network transmission capability independently based on different information, thereby making the first network transmission capability determined by the first communication device more accurate.

[0017] In combination with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, determining the second network transmission capability includes: determining the second network transmission capability based on one or more of the following information: the forwarding capability of the core network device for the data of the first terminal device, the software processing resources or hardware processing resources of the core network device for the data of the first terminal device, or the number of terminal devices managed by the core network device, wherein the first terminal device is one of the terminal devices managed by the core network device.

[0018] Based on the above technical solution, if the first communication device determines the second network transmission capability independently, the first communication device can determine the second network transmission capability independently based on different information, thereby making the second network transmission capability determined by the second communication device more accurate.

[0019] In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, before receiving the first prediction information, the method further includes: sending a first message, where the first message is used to instruct reporting of the first prediction information.

[0020] Based on the above technical solution, if the first communication device receives first prediction information from other communication devices (such as the second communication device), and the first prediction information is used to indicate the transmission capability of the first network, then in order to enable the second communication device to accurately know the need of the first communication device to obtain the first prediction information, the first communication device can instruct the second communication device to report the first prediction information through a first message.

[0021] In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, before receiving the second prediction information, the method further includes: sending a second message, where the second message is used to instruct reporting of the second prediction information.

[0022] Based on the above technical solution, if the first communication device receives second prediction information from other communication devices (such as the second communication device), and the second prediction information is used to indicate the transmission capability of the second network, then in order to enable the second communication device to accurately know the need of the first communication device to obtain the second prediction information, the first communication device can instruct the second communication device to report the second prediction information through a second message.

[0023] In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, obtaining the predicted data characteristics includes: determining the predicted data characteristics; or receiving third prediction information, where the third prediction information is used to indicate the predicted data characteristics.

[0024] Based on the above technical solution, the first communication device can obtain the above-mentioned predicted data characteristics through various means. For example, it can determine the characteristics independently, or it can receive the characteristics from another communication device. This technical solution does not impose any restrictions on the method by which the first communication device obtains the predicted data characteristics, thereby increasing the flexibility of the solution.

[0025] In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, before receiving the third prediction information, the method further includes: sending a third message, where the third message is used to instruct reporting of the third prediction information.

[0026] Based on the above technical solution, if the first communication device receives third prediction information from other communication devices (such as the second communication device), and the third prediction information is used to indicate the predicted data characteristics, then in order to enable the second communication device to accurately know the need of the first communication device to obtain the predicted data characteristics, the first communication device can instruct the second communication device to report the third prediction information through a third message.

[0027] In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, determining the predicted data characteristics includes: determining the predicted data characteristics based on data characteristics of historical data of the first terminal device and a prediction algorithm.

[0028] Based on the above technical solution, if the first communication device determines the predicted data characteristics by itself, the first communication device can determine the predicted data characteristics based on the data characteristics of the historical data of the first terminal device and the prediction algorithm. That is, in the process of determining the predicted data characteristics, the first communication device not only takes into account the data characteristics of the historical data of the first terminal device, but also refers to the prediction algorithm, in order to determine the predicted data characteristics more accurately.

[0029] In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the predicted data characteristics include: a predicted first rate, a first packet loss rate, or a first average delay related to data of the first terminal device.

[0030] In combination with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, determining to control the current data of the first terminal device based on the predicted network transmission capacity and the predicted data characteristics includes: when it is determined that the predicted network transmission capacity cannot guarantee the requirements of the predicted data characteristics based on the predicted network transmission capacity and the predicted data characteristics, determining to control the current data of the first terminal device.

[0031] Based on the above technical solution, the first communication device can determine that it is necessary to control the current data of the first terminal device when the predicted network transmission capacity cannot guarantee the requirements of the predicted data characteristics, thereby reducing the problem of data packet loss or long delay of the first terminal device due to the network transmission capacity being unable to guarantee the requirements of the predicted data characteristics in a certain period of time in the future.

[0032] In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the method further includes: performing an operation to control the current data of the first terminal device; or, sending control information, where the control information is used to indicate the control of the current data of the first terminal device.

[0033] Based on the above technical solution, the device that performs the operation of controlling the current data of the first terminal device can be the first communication device, or it can be another communication device. When the operation of controlling the current data of the first terminal device is performed by another communication device, the first communication device can instruct the other communication device to control the current data of the first terminal device through control information. In other words, in this technical solution, the operation of controlling the current data of the first terminal device can be performed by different communication devices, thereby improving the flexibility of the solution.

[0034] In combination with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the operation of controlling the current data of the first terminal device is performed, including: delaying the delivery of the current data of the first terminal device; or discarding the current data of the first terminal device; or discarding feedback information of the current data of the first terminal device.

[0035] Based on the above technical solution, operations for controlling the current data of the first terminal device include but are not limited to: delaying the delivery or discarding part of the data, thereby reducing the probability of large delays or large-scale packet loss in the data of the first terminal device within a certain period of time in the future.

[0036] In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the control information includes at least one of the following information: rate information, delay information, or packet loss information.

[0037] Based on the above technical solution, if the first communication device instructs other communication devices to perform an operation to control the current data of the first terminal device through control information, the control information can carry corresponding information to instruct the other communication devices to adjust the data rate, latency, or packet loss of the first terminal device. The control information can be used to instruct other communication devices to adjust different parameters, thereby increasing the flexibility of the solution.

[0038] If the control information includes rate control information, it indicates that the rate of the current data of the first terminal device is controlled. In one possible implementation, the rate control information is rate information. The second communication device actively reduces the rate of the current data of the first terminal device so that the rate of the current data of the first terminal device is less than or equal to the rate indicated by the rate information; and / or,

[0039] If the control information includes information on delay control, it indicates that the delay of the current data of the first terminal device is controlled. In one possible implementation, the control information is delay amount information. The second communication device actively delays the delivery of the current data of the first terminal device, so that the delay gradient of the current data of the first terminal device or the delay (end-to-end delay) of the current data of the first terminal device additionally includes the delay indicated by the delay amount information, wherein the delay gradient can be understood as the difference between the delays of different data (e.g., the delay of data #1 is D1, the delay of data #2 is D2, and the delay gradient is D2-D1); and / or,

[0040] If the control information includes information on packet loss control, it indicates that the packet loss of the current data of the first terminal device is controlled. In one possible implementation, the control information is packet loss information. The second communication device actively discards the current data of the first terminal device or the feedback information of the current data, so that the cumulative packet loss of the data of the first terminal device additionally includes the packet loss indicated by the packet loss information (e.g., the packet loss of the previous data of the first terminal device is P1, and the packet loss indicated by the packet loss information is P2, then the cumulative packet loss of the data of the first terminal device is P1+P2).

[0041] In a second aspect, a communication method is provided. The method may be performed by a second communication device, or may be performed by a component (e.g., a chip or circuit) of the second communication device, and this application is not limited thereto. Optionally, the second communication device may be an access network device, or the second communication device may be a core network device (e.g., a UPF network element), or the second communication device may be a terminal device.

[0042] The method may include: receiving control information, the control information being used to indicate control of current data of the first terminal device; and controlling the rate, delay, or packet loss of the current data of the first terminal device based on the control information, wherein the control information is determined based on the network transmission capacity predicted for the data of the first terminal device and the data characteristics predicted for the data of the first terminal device.

[0043] Based on the above technical solution, after receiving the control information, the second communication device can proactively control the rate, latency, or packet loss of the current data of the first terminal device based on the control information. Furthermore, the control information is determined based on future information predicted for the data of the first terminal device (e.g., network transmission capacity and data characteristics within a certain period of time in the future). This is equivalent to proactively adjusting the transmission of the current data of the first terminal device in advance based on the predicted future information. This can reduce the probability of packet loss or latency in the case of network congestion, and improve the service experience of the terminal device in the case of non-congested network.

[0044] In combination with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the control information includes at least one of the following information: rate information, delay information, or packet loss information.

[0045] In combination with the second aspect, in certain implementations of the second aspect, if the control information includes rate information, the method further includes: controlling the rate of the current data of the first terminal device to be less than or equal to the rate indicated by the rate information; and / or, if the control information includes delay information, the method further includes: delaying the delivery of the current data of the first terminal device, controlling the delay of the current data of the first terminal device to be greater than or equal to the delay indicated by the delay information; and / or, if the control information includes packet loss information, the method further includes: discarding the current data of the first terminal device, discarding feedback information of the current data of the first terminal device, or sending a negative acknowledgment NACK of the feedback of the current data of the first terminal device, controlling the packet loss amount of the current data of the first terminal device to be greater than or equal to the packet loss amount indicated by the packet loss amount information.

[0046] In combination with the second aspect, in certain implementations of the second aspect, the method also includes: receiving a first message, the first message is used to indicate reporting of first prediction information, the first prediction information is used to indicate a first network transmission capability, the first network transmission capability is the network transmission capability of the access network device predicted for the data of the first terminal device; and sending the first prediction information.

[0047] In combination with the second aspect, in certain implementations of the second aspect, the method also includes: determining the first network transmission capability based on one or more of the following information: the wireless environment in which the first terminal device is located, the channel quality of the first terminal device, the wireless scheduling capability of the access network device for the data of the first terminal device, the software processing resources or hardware processing resources of the access network device for the data of the first terminal device, or the number of terminal devices connected to the access network device, wherein the first terminal device is one of the terminal devices connected to the access network device.

[0048] In combination with the second aspect, in certain implementations of the second aspect, the method also includes: receiving a second message, the second message is used to indicate reporting of second prediction information, the second prediction information is used to indicate a second network transmission capability, the second network transmission capability is the network transmission capability of the core network device predicted for the data of the first terminal device; and sending the second prediction information.

[0049] In combination with the second aspect, in certain implementations of the second aspect, the method also includes: determining the second network transmission capability based on one or more of the following information: the forwarding capability of the core network device for the data of the first terminal device, the software processing resources or hardware processing resources of the core network device for the data of the first terminal device, or the number of terminal devices managed by the core network device, wherein the first terminal device is one of the terminal devices managed by the core network device.

[0050] In combination with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the method further includes: receiving a third message, the third message being used to indicate reporting of third prediction information, the third prediction information being used to indicate data characteristics of data prediction for the first terminal device.

[0051] In combination with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the method further includes: determining the predicted data characteristics based on the data characteristics of the historical data of the first terminal device and a prediction algorithm.

[0052] In combination with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the predicted data characteristics include: a predicted first rate, a first packet loss rate, or a first delay related to data of the first terminal device.

[0053] The technical effects of the method shown in the above second aspect and its possible design can refer to the technical effects in the first aspect and its possible design.

[0054] In a third aspect, a communication device is provided, which is configured to execute the method provided in the first aspect. Specifically, the communication device may include units and / or modules, such as a processing unit and an acquisition unit, configured to execute the method provided in any one of the above implementations of the first aspect.

[0055] In one implementation, the transceiver unit may be a transceiver or an input / output interface; the processing unit may be at least one processor. Alternatively, the transceiver may be a transceiver circuit. Alternatively, the input / output interface may be an input / output circuit.

[0056] In another implementation, the transceiver unit may be an input / output interface, interface circuit, output circuit, input circuit, pin or related circuit on the chip, chip system or circuit; the processing unit may be at least one processor, processing circuit or logic circuit.

[0057] In a fourth aspect, a communication device is provided, which is used to execute the method provided in the second aspect. Specifically, the communication device may include units and / or modules, such as a processing unit and an acquisition unit, for executing the method provided in the second aspect.

[0058] In one implementation, the transceiver unit may be a transceiver or an input / output interface; the processing unit may be at least one processor. Alternatively, the transceiver may be a transceiver circuit. Alternatively, the input / output interface may be an input / output circuit.

[0059] In another implementation, the transceiver unit may be an input / output interface, interface circuit, output circuit, input circuit, pin or related circuit on the chip, chip system or circuit; the processing unit may be at least one processor, processing circuit or logic circuit.

[0060] In a fifth aspect, the present application provides a processor for executing the method provided by any one of the implementations of the first and second aspects above.

[0061] For the operations such as sending and acquiring / receiving involved in the processor, unless otherwise specified, or if they do not conflict with their actual functions or internal logic in the relevant descriptions, they can be understood as processor output, reception, input and other operations, and can also be understood as sending and receiving operations performed by the radio frequency circuit and antenna. This application does not limit this.

[0062] In a sixth aspect, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, which stores a program code for execution by a device, and the program code includes a method provided by any one of the implementation modes of the first and second aspects above.

[0063] In a seventh aspect, a computer program product comprising instructions is provided, which, when run on a computer, enables the computer to execute the method provided by any one of the implementations of the first and second aspects.

[0064] In an eighth aspect, a chip is provided, which includes a processor and a communication interface. The processor reads instructions stored in a memory through the communication interface and executes the method provided by any one of the implementation methods of the first and second aspects above.

[0065] Optionally, as an implementation method, the chip also includes a memory, in which a computer program or instructions are stored, and the processor is used to execute the computer program or instructions stored in the memory. When the computer program or instructions are executed, the processor is used to execute the method provided by any one of the implementation methods of the first and second aspects above.

[0066] In a ninth aspect, a communication system is provided, comprising the communication device described in the third aspect and / or the communication device described in the fourth aspect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0067] FIG1 is a schematic diagram of a network architecture applicable to an embodiment of the present application.

[0068] FIG2 is a schematic flowchart of a communication method provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0069] FIG3 is a schematic diagram of a network architecture provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0070] FIG4 is a schematic flowchart of another communication method provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0071] FIG5 is a schematic diagram of another network architecture provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0072] FIG6 is a schematic flowchart of another communication method provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0073] FIG7 is a schematic diagram of another network architecture provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0074] FIG8 is a schematic flowchart of another communication method provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0075] FIG9 is a schematic diagram of another network architecture provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0076] FIG10 is a schematic flowchart of another communication method provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0077] FIG11 is a schematic block diagram of a communication device provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0078] FIG12 is a schematic diagram of another communication device provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0079] FIG13 is a schematic diagram of a chip system provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0080] In order to facilitate understanding of the embodiments of the present application, the following points are first explained.

[0081] First, in this application, "used to indicate" can include being used for direct indication and being used for indirect indication. When describing that a certain indication information is used to indicate A, it can include that the indication information directly indicates A or indirectly indicates A, but it does not mean that the indication information must carry A.

[0082] The information indicated by the indication information is called the information to be indicated. In the specific implementation process, there are many ways to indicate the information to be indicated, such as but not limited to, directly indicating the information to be indicated, such as the information to be indicated itself or the index of the information to be indicated. The information to be indicated can also be indirectly indicated by indicating other information, wherein there is an association between the other information and the information to be indicated. It is also possible to indicate only a part of the information to be indicated, while the other parts of the information to be indicated are known or agreed in advance. For example, it is also possible to use the arrangement order of each piece of information agreed in advance (such as specified in the protocol) to achieve the indication of specific information, thereby reducing the indication overhead to a certain extent. At the same time, it is also possible to identify the common parts of each piece of information and indicate them uniformly to reduce the indication overhead caused by indicating the same information separately.

[0083] Second, "at least one" shown in the present application refers to one or more, and "a plurality of" refers to two or more. In addition, in the embodiments of the present application, "first", "second" and various digital numbers (for example, "#1", "#2", etc.) are only for the convenience of description and are not used to limit the scope of the embodiments of the present application. The size of the sequence number of each process below does not mean the order of execution. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of the present application. It should be understood that the objects described in this way can be interchanged where appropriate, so as to be able to describe solutions other than the embodiments of the present application. In addition, in the embodiments of the present application, words such as "S210" are only for the convenience of description and are not used to limit the order of execution of steps.

[0084] Third, in the embodiments of this application, words such as "exemplary" or "for example" are used to indicate examples, illustrations, or explanations. Any embodiment or design described in this application as "exemplary" or "for example" should not be construed as being preferred or advantageous over other embodiments or designs. Rather, the use of words such as "exemplary" or "for example" is intended to present the relevant concepts in a concrete manner.

[0085] Fourth, the term "storage" used in the embodiments of this application may refer to storage in one or more memories. The one or more memories may be provided separately or integrated into an encoder or decoder, a processor, or a communication device. The one or more memories may also be partially provided separately and partially integrated into a decoder, a processor, or a communication device. The type of memory may be any form of storage medium, and this application is not limited thereto.

[0086] Fifth, in the implementation of this application, "protocol" may refer to a standard protocol in the field of communications, for example, it may include the NR protocol and related protocols used in future communication systems, and this application does not limit this.

[0087] Sixth, in the embodiments of the present application, the terms “of”, “corresponding, relevant”, “corresponding” and “associate” can sometimes be used interchangeably. It should be noted that when the distinction between them is not emphasized, the meanings they intend to express are consistent.

[0088] Seventh, in the embodiments of the present application, "under the circumstances", "when", and "if" can sometimes be used interchangeably. It should be pointed out that when the distinction between them is not emphasized, the meanings they intend to express are consistent.

[0089] Eighth, the term "and / or" in this document simply describes a relationship between related objects, indicating that three possible relationships exist. For example, "A and / or B" can mean: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, or B exists alone. Furthermore, the character " / " in this document generally indicates that the related objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0090] The technical solution in this application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0091] The communication method provided in this application can be applied to various communication systems, for example, the Internet of Things (IoT), narrowband Internet of Things (NB-IoT), long term evolution (LTE), fifth generation (5G) communication systems, LTE and 5G hybrid architectures, 5G new radio (NR) systems, and new communication systems emerging in the next generation or future communication developments. The communication system described in this application can also be a machine to machine (M2M) network or other network.

[0092] Figure 1 shows a schematic diagram of a communication system using an embodiment of the present application. In a 5G system, a 5G access point is composed of a base station node, a next generation radio access network (NG-RAN). The NG-RAN node may be a 5G new base station node (gNB) or an LTE evolved base station node (ng-eNB). The gNB uses the user plane and control plane protocol stacks of NR, while the ng-eNB uses the user plane and control plane protocol stacks of evolved universal terrestrial radio access (E-UTRA) except for the service data adaptation protocol (SDAP) layer.

[0093] gNBs, ng-eNBs, and gNBs are interconnected via Xn interfaces. gNBs and ng-eNBs are connected to 5G core (5GC) equipment via NG interfaces. For example, the control plane connects to core network equipment (e.g., access and mobility management function (AMF)) via the NG-C interface, and the user plane connects to core network equipment (e.g., user plane function (UPF)) via the NG-U interface.

[0094] It should be understood that FIG1 is merely an example and does not limit the scope of protection of this application. The scenario shown in FIG1 may also include other devices, such as terminal devices, servers, etc. For example, 5GC also includes other functional network elements in addition to AMF and APF.

[0095] The terminal equipment in the embodiments of the present application may refer to an access terminal, a user unit, a user station, a mobile station, a mobile station, a relay station, a remote station, a remote terminal, a mobile device, a user terminal, a user equipment (UE), a terminal, a wireless communication device, a user agent, or a user device. The terminal equipment may also be a cellular phone, a cordless phone, a session initiation protocol (SIP) phone, a wireless local loop (WLL) station, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a handheld device with wireless communication capabilities, a computing device or other processing device connected to a wireless modem, an in-vehicle device, a wearable device, a terminal device in a 5G network, or a terminal device in a future-evolved public land mobile network (PLMN), etc., and the embodiments of the present application are not limited thereto.

[0096] As an example and not a limitation, in the embodiments of the present application, wearable devices may also be referred to as wearable smart devices, which are a general term for wearable devices that are intelligently designed and developed using wearable technology for daily wear, such as glasses, gloves, watches, clothing, and shoes. A wearable device is a portable device that is worn directly on the body or integrated into the user's clothes or accessories. Wearable devices are not just hardware devices, but also achieve powerful functions through software support, data interaction, and cloud interaction. Broadly speaking, wearable smart devices include those that are fully functional, large in size, and can achieve complete or partial functions without relying on smartphones, such as smart watches or smart glasses, as well as those that only focus on a certain type of application function and need to be used in conjunction with other devices such as smartphones, such as various smart bracelets and smart jewelry for vital sign monitoring.

[0097] Furthermore, in the embodiments of the present application, the terminal device may also be a terminal device in an IoT system, whose main technical feature is to connect objects to the network through communication technology, thereby realizing an intelligent network that interconnects humans and machines and things. In the embodiments of the present application, IoT technology can achieve massive connections, deep coverage, and terminal power saving through, for example, narrowband (NB) technology.

[0098] For example, the terminal device can be a terminal device in an XR scenario such as a VR terminal, an AR terminal, or an MR terminal; for example, the terminal device can be a wireless terminal in industrial control, a wireless terminal in self-driving, a wireless terminal in remote medical, a wireless terminal in a smart grid, a wireless terminal in transportation safety, a wireless terminal in a smart city, a wireless terminal in a smart home, etc. The terminal device here refers to a 3GPP terminal. The embodiments of the present application do not limit the type or category of the terminal device. For ease of explanation, this application will be described later using UE as an example to refer to a terminal device.

[0099] The base station in the embodiment of the present application can be any device with wireless transceiver capabilities used to communicate with a terminal device. The device includes but is not limited to: an evolved Node B (eNB), a radio network controller (RNC), a Node B (NB), a base station controller (BSC), a base transceiver station (BTS), a home evolved NodeB (HeNB, or home Node B, HNB), a baseband unit (BBU), an access point (AP) in a wireless fidelity (WIFI) system, a wireless relay node, a wireless backhaul node, a transmission point (TP) or a transmission and reception point (TRP), etc. It can also be a gNB in ​​a 5G, such as NR, system, or a transmission point (TRP or TP), one or a group of antenna panels (including multiple antenna panels) of a base station in a 5G system, or a network node constituting a gNB or a transmission point, such as a baseband unit (BBU), or a distributed unit (DPU). unit, DU), etc., and can also be a device that communicates with a terminal device in a future communication system, such as a gNB in ​​a future communication system.

[0100] In some deployments, a gNB may include a centralized unit (CU) and a DU. The gNB may also include an active antenna unit (AAU). The CU implements some gNB functions, while the DU implements some gNB functions. For example, the CU is responsible for processing non-real-time protocols and services, implementing the functions of the radio resource control (RRC) and packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) layers. The DU is responsible for processing physical layer protocols and real-time services, implementing the functions of the radio link control (RLC), media access control (MAC), and physical (PHY) layers. The AAU implements some physical layer processing functions, RF processing, and active antenna-related functions. Because RRC layer information ultimately becomes PHY layer information, or is converted from PHY layer information, in this architecture, higher-layer signaling, such as RRC layer signaling, can also be considered to be sent by the DU, or by both the DU and the AAU. It is understood that an access network device can be a device that includes one or more of a CU node, a DU node, or an AAU node. In addition, the CU may be classified as a network device in an access network (radio access network, RAN), or may be classified as a network device in a core network (core network, CN), which is not limited in this application.

[0101] In different systems, CU (or CU-CP and CU-UP), DU or RU may also have different names, but those skilled in the art can understand their meanings. For example, the radio access network may also be an open radio access network (O-RAN) architecture. In the ORAN system, CU may also be called O-CU (open CU), DU may also be called O-DU, CU-CP may also be called O-CU-CP, CU-UP may also be called O-CU-UP, and RU may also be called O-RU. Any unit of CU (or CU-CP, CU-UP), DU and RU in this application may be implemented by a software module, a hardware module, or a combination of a software module and a hardware module.

[0102] The core network equipment part in the embodiment of the present application may include but is not limited to the following NFs: UPF, network exposure function (NEF), network function repository function (NRF), policy control function (PCF), unified data management function (UDM), unified data repository function (UDR), network data analytics function (NWDAF), authentication server function (AUSF), AMF, session management function (SMF), network slice selection function (NSSF), etc. Among them, AMF, SMF, UPF, NEF, AUSF, NRF, PCF, NSSF, and UDM can be understood as network elements used to implement different functions in the core network, for example, they can be combined into network slices as needed. These core network network elements can be independent devices or integrated into the same device to implement different functions. This application does not limit the specific form of the above network elements.

[0103] It should be understood that the above naming is defined only to facilitate the distinction between different functions and should not constitute any limitation to this application. This application does not exclude the possibility of adopting other naming in 5G networks and other future networks. For example, in future communication networks, some or all of the above network elements may continue to use 5G terminology, or may adopt other names.

[0104] It should be understood that Figure 1 uses the communication between an access network device and a terminal device, and between an access network device and a core network device, as examples to simply illustrate a communication scenario in which the present application can be applied, and does not limit other scenarios in which the present application can be applied. It should also be understood that Figure 1 is merely a simplified schematic diagram for ease of understanding, and the communication system may also include other network devices or other terminal devices, which are not shown in Figure 1.

[0105] To facilitate understanding of the embodiments of the present application, some basic concepts involved in the present application are briefly explained.

[0106] 1. XR technology: A general term for various technologies, including AR, VR, and MR, that combine the real and virtual through computers to create a virtual environment that allows for human-computer interaction. For example, AR, VR, or MR technologies can provide users with an immersive experience, seamlessly transitioning between the virtual and real worlds. Specifically, XR services require high bandwidth and low latency.

[0107] 2. Integration of 5G and XR technologies: 5G networks can increase data transmission speeds, reduce latency, support more users, devices, and services, and improve network efficiency. Therefore, 5G networks can meet the high-bandwidth and low-latency business characteristics of XR services.

[0108] Specifically, the integration of 5G and XR technologies is mainly realized as follows: the 5G communication network acts as an intermediate node between the server and the client, responsible for transmitting XR data between the server and the client.

[0109] 3. Predicted network transmission capacity: used to indicate the transmission guarantee capability that the network can provide for the data of a certain terminal device within a certain period of time in the future (e.g., within a first time period), including but not limited to: at least one of the transmission guarantee capabilities of the network for the data of a certain terminal device (e.g., the first terminal device) within the first time period, including the rate, packet loss rate, delay, latency, or total amount of data.

[0110] The predicted network transmission capacity in this application includes: a predicted first network transmission capacity and / or a predicted second network transmission capacity. The first network transmission capacity is the network transmission capacity between the access network device and the first terminal device; the second network transmission capacity is the network transmission capacity between the access network device and the core network device.

[0111] The first network transmission capability includes, but is not limited to: at least one transmission guarantee capability of the access network device for the data of the first terminal device, including rate, packet loss rate, delay, or total amount of data within the first time period.

[0112] The second network transmission capability includes but is not limited to: at least one transmission guarantee capability of the core network device for the data of the first terminal device in the first time period, including the rate, packet loss rate, delay, or total amount of data.

[0113] The first network transmission capability may be determined based on one or more of the following information:

[0114] The wireless environment in which the first terminal device is located, the channel quality of the first terminal device, the wireless scheduling capability of the access network device for the data of the first terminal device, the software processing resources or hardware processing resources of the access network device for the data of the first terminal device, or the number of terminal devices connected to the access network device, wherein the first terminal device is one of the terminal devices connected to the access network device.

[0115] The second network transmission capability may be determined based on one or more of the following information:

[0116] The core network device's capability to forward data for the first terminal device, the core network device's software processing resources or hardware processing resources for the first terminal device's data, or the number of terminal devices managed by the core network device, where the first terminal device is one of the terminal devices managed by the core network device.

[0117] 4. Predicted data characteristics: used to indicate the characteristics of the data of the first terminal device within a certain period of time in the future, including but not limited to: the predicted first rate, first packet loss rate, or first delay of the data of the first terminal device.

[0118] The predicted data characteristics can be determined based on the data characteristics of the historical data of the first terminal device and a prediction algorithm. The prediction algorithm includes but is not limited to: artificial intelligence, digital twins, or neural networks.

[0119] The above text briefly introduces the scenarios in which the communication method provided in the embodiment of the present application can be applied, in conjunction with Figure 1, and introduces the basic concepts that may be involved in the embodiment of the present application, and introduces the integration of 5G and XR technologies in the basic concepts. It should be understood that in the scenario of the integration of 5G and XR technologies, if the performance of the communication network deteriorates, the receiving end (such as the client) may perceive packet loss or longer delay of the data packet, so that the receiving end will feed back information indicating packet loss or longer delay of the data packet to the sending end (such as the server), and the sending end performs congestion control based on the feedback information, for example, reducing the bit rate (such as changing the clarity from high definition to normal, so that less data is generated).

[0120] However, the aforementioned congestion control scheme at the transmitter triggers congestion control based on actual packet loss or latency statistics fed back by the receiver, which can lead to frame stuck and frame loss in XR services. For example, packet loss can cause frame loss in XR services, while packet latency can also cause frame stuck in XR services.

[0121] The present application provides a communication method that predicts network capabilities in advance and performs control based on network capability information, in order to reduce the probability of data packet loss or excessive delay and improve user experience.

[0122] The technical solutions provided by this application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The embodiments of this application can be applied to a variety of different scenarios, including the scenario shown in FIG1 , but are not limited to this scenario. For example, they can also be applied to 5G, next-generation, or future communication systems.

[0123] It should be understood that the embodiments shown below do not particularly limit the specific structure of the execution subject of the method provided by the embodiments of the present application. As long as it is possible to communicate according to the method provided by the embodiments of the present application by running a program that records the code of the method provided by the embodiments of the present application, for example, the execution subject of the method provided by the embodiments of the present application can be a receiving device or a sending device, or a functional module in the receiving device or the sending device that can call and execute the program.

[0124] Without loss of generality, the communication method provided in the embodiment of the present application is described in detail below, taking the interaction between the first communication device and the second communication device as an example. The first communication device may be an access network device (or a centralized unit (CU) or a distributed unit (DU) in the access network device); or, the first communication device may be a network device in an open radio access network (O-RAN) (or a CU (e.g., referred to as O-CU) or DU (e.g., referred to as O-DU) in an open radio access network); or, the first communication device may be a core network device (e.g., a user plane function (UPF) network element, etc.). The second communication device is an access network device, a core network device, or a terminal device, etc.

[0125] FIG2 is a schematic flow chart of a communication method provided by the present application, comprising the following steps:

[0126] S210: The first communication apparatus obtains a network transmission capability predicted for data of the first terminal device.

[0127] Specifically, the predicted network transmission capacity is: the transmission guarantee capability that the network can provide for the data of the first terminal device within a certain future period of time (e.g., within the first time period) predicted at the current moment #1. The current moment #1 is any moment for executing the network transmission capacity prediction. In this embodiment, the moment for executing the network transmission capacity prediction can be any one of the predefined periodic moments, or any one of the one or more prediction moments indicated by the management device, or any one of the moments (e.g., the prediction of the network transmission capacity is executed in real time). In this embodiment, there is no limitation on the moment specifically referred to by the current moment #1. In addition, the data of the first terminal device generally refers to the data of the first terminal device, including but not limited to: future data, current data, or historical data of the first terminal device.

[0128] Optionally, the predicted network transmission capability includes at least one of the following: a transmission guarantee capability of the network predicted for the rate (or throughput), packet loss rate, or delay of the data of the first terminal device. The delay of the data of the first terminal device may be an average delay, a maximum delay, or a delay gradient of the data of the first terminal device, or other delay parameters that can be used to characterize the delay information.

[0129] Exemplarily, the predicted network transmission capacity includes: a predicted first network transmission capacity and / or a second network transmission capacity, wherein the first network transmission capacity is the network transmission capacity between the access network device and the first terminal device, specifically, the first network transmission capacity includes the transmission capacity of the access network device and / or the transmission capacity of the terminal device, and the second network transmission capacity is the network transmission capacity between the access network device and the core network device, specifically, the second network transmission capacity includes the transmission capacity of the access network device and / or the transmission capacity of the core network device. For the introduction to the first network transmission capacity and the second network transmission capacity, please refer to the description of the first network transmission capacity and the second network transmission capacity in the previous basic concept description, which will not be repeated here.

[0130] In this embodiment, the first communication device obtains the predicted network transmission capability for the data of the first terminal device, including but not limited to the following possible methods:

[0131] As a possible implementation method, if the predicted network transmission capability includes: a predicted first network transmission capability and / or a second network transmission capability, and the first communication device is a core network device or an access network device, then the first communication device obtains the predicted network transmission capability including: determining the first network transmission capability and / or the second network transmission capability.

[0132] In this implementation, the first communication device can determine the first network transmission capability and / or the second network transmission capability by itself. For example, the first communication device is a core network device or an access network device.

[0133] As an example but not limitation, the first communication device may determine the first network transmission capability based on one or more of the following information:

[0134] The wireless environment in which the first terminal device is located, the channel quality of the first terminal device (for example, reference signal received power RSRP), the wireless scheduling capability of the access network device for the data of the first terminal device, the software processing resources or hardware processing resources of the access network device for the data of the first terminal device, or the number of terminal devices connected to the access network device (for example, M terminal devices, M is greater than or equal to 1), wherein the first terminal device is one of the terminal devices connected to the access network device. The information required to determine the transmission capability of the first network may be received by the first communication device from other communication devices, or may be recorded locally by the first communication device. In this embodiment, there is no limitation on the method for obtaining the information required to determine the transmission capability of the first network. For example, when the wireless environment in which the first terminal device is located in the first time period (such as time period A) deteriorates compared to the wireless environment at the current moment (such as moment a) (for example, due to the mobility of the first terminal device, the obstruction between the first terminal device and the access network device will become more during the first time period), the transmission capability of the first network deteriorates compared to the current network transmission capability. The time period A is after moment a.

[0135] For another example, when the channel quality of the first terminal device in a first time period (such as time period A) deteriorates compared to the channel quality at the current time (such as time a) (for example, due to the mobility of the first terminal device, there will be more obstructions between the first terminal device and the access network device in the first time period), the first network transmission capacity deteriorates compared to the current network transmission capacity. Wherein, time period A is after time a.

[0136] For another example, when the scheduling capability of the access network device for data of the first terminal device in a first time period (e.g., time period A) deteriorates compared to the scheduling capability at the current time (e.g., time a), the first network transmission capability deteriorates compared to the current network transmission capability. Time period A is after time a.

[0137] For another example, when the software processing resources or hardware processing resources of the access network device for the data of the first terminal device in a first time period (e.g., time period A) are less than the software processing resources or hardware processing resources at the current moment (e.g., time period a) (e.g., during the first time period, some of the software processing resources or hardware processing resources of the access network device need to be allocated to terminal devices other than the first terminal device), the first network transmission capacity is deteriorated compared to the current network transmission capacity. Wherein, time period A is after time period a.

[0138] For another example, when the number of terminal devices connected to the access network device during a first time period (e.g., time period A) is greater than the number of terminal devices connected at the current time (e.g., time a), the first network transmission capacity is worse than the current network transmission capacity. Time period A is after time a.

[0139] It should be understood that the above is merely an example of a possible method for determining the first network transmission capability in the present application, and does not constitute any limitation on the scope of protection of the present application.

[0140] As an example but not limitation, the first communication device may determine the second network transmission capability based on one or more of the following information:

[0141] The core network device's data forwarding capability for the first terminal device, the core network device's software processing resources or hardware processing resources for the first terminal device's data, or the number of terminal devices managed by the core network device (for example, M terminal devices, where M is greater than or equal to 1), where the first terminal device is one of the terminal devices managed by the core network device. The information required to determine the second network transmission capability may be received by the first communication device from other communication devices, or may be locally recorded by the first communication device. This embodiment does not limit the method for obtaining the information required to determine the second network transmission capability.

[0142] For example, when the forwarding capability of the core network device for data of the first terminal device in a first time period (such as time period A) deteriorates compared to the forwarding capability at the current moment (such as time a) (e.g., some radio frequency units of the core network device are offline during the first time period), the second network transmission capability deteriorates compared to the current network transmission capability. Time period A is after time a.

[0143] For another example, when the software processing resources or hardware processing resources of the core network device for the data of the first terminal device in a first time period (e.g., time period A) are less than the software processing resources or hardware processing resources at the current moment (e.g., time period a) (e.g., during the first time period, some software processing resources or hardware processing resources of the core network device need to be allocated to terminal devices other than the first terminal device), the second network transmission capacity is worse than the current network transmission capacity. Wherein, time period A is after time period a.

[0144] For another example, when the number of terminal devices managed by the core network device in the first time period (e.g., time period A) is greater than the number of terminal devices managed at the current time (e.g., time a), the second network transmission capacity is worse than the current network transmission capacity. Time period A is after time a.

[0145] It should be understood that the above is merely an example of a possible method for determining the transmission capability of the second network in the present application, and does not constitute any limitation on the scope of protection of the present application.

[0146] As another possible implementation method, if the predicted network transmission capability includes: a predicted first network transmission capability and / or a second network transmission capability, then the first communication device obtains the predicted network transmission capability including: receiving first prediction information and / or second prediction information, the first prediction information is used to indicate the first network transmission capability, and the second prediction information is used to indicate the second network transmission capability.

[0147] In this implementation, a first communication device can receive first prediction information and / or second prediction information from another communication device (e.g., a second communication device). The first prediction information indicates the first network transmission capability, and the second prediction information indicates the second network transmission capability. This eliminates the need for the first communication device to independently determine the first network transmission capability and / or the second network transmission capability, thereby reducing the complexity of the first communication device. For example, the first communication device is a core network device, and the second communication device is an access network device; or, for another example, the first communication device is an access network device, and the second communication device is a core network device.

[0148] As another possible implementation, if the predicted network transmission capability includes: a predicted first network transmission capability and a predicted second network transmission capability, then obtaining the predicted network transmission capability by the first communication device includes: determining the first network transmission capability and receiving second prediction information, where the second prediction information is used to indicate the second network transmission capability. For example, the first communication device is an access network device, and the second communication device is a core network device.

[0149] As another possible implementation, if the predicted network transmission capability includes: a predicted first network transmission capability and a predicted second network transmission capability, and the first communication device is an access network device, then obtaining the predicted network transmission capability by the first communication device includes: determining the second network transmission capability and receiving first prediction information, where the first prediction information is used to indicate the first network transmission capability. For example, the first communication device is a core network device, and the second communication device is an access network device.

[0150] The above several possible implementations illustrate possible ways in which the first communication device in this embodiment obtains the above-mentioned predicted network transmission capability. Optionally, when the first communication device receives the first prediction information from the second communication device, the communication method may further include:

[0151] S211: The first communication device sends a first message to the second communication device. Correspondingly, the second communication device receives the first message from the first communication device.

[0152] The first message is used to instruct the second communication device to report the first prediction information. In other words, the first message can be used to request or subscribe to the first prediction information.

[0153] Optionally, the first message may include first indication information, which is used to indicate a condition for reporting the first prediction information. For example, the first network transmission capability is the predicted transmission capability of the access network device for data of the first terminal device, and the first indication information may indicate a threshold value for the transmission capability of the access network device. When the transmission capability of the access network device is greater than or equal to the threshold value (or less than or equal to a certain threshold value), the second communication device reports the first prediction information to the first communication device. The threshold value is provided in the first message, and may be predefined or determined by negotiation between the first communication device and the second communication device, and is not limited in this embodiment. For example, if the first network transmission capability is the predicted rate that the data access network device for the first terminal device can provide, the first indication information may indicate that when the predicted rate is greater than or equal to the threshold value, the second communication device reports the first prediction information to the first communication device. For another example, if the first network transmission capability is the predicted delay that the data access network device for the first terminal device can provide, the first indication information may indicate that when the predicted delay is less than or equal to the threshold value, the second communication device reports the first prediction information to the first communication device.

[0154] Optionally, when the first communication device receives the second prediction information from the second communication device, the communication method may further include:

[0155] S212: The first communication device sends a second message to the second communication device. Correspondingly, the second communication device receives the second message from the first communication device.

[0156] The second message is used to instruct the second communication device to report the second prediction information. In other words, the second message can be used to request or subscribe to the second prediction information.

[0157] Optionally, the second message may include second indication information, which is used to indicate a condition for reporting the second prediction information. For example, the second network transmission capability is the predicted transmission capability of the core network device for data of the first terminal device. The second indication information may indicate a threshold value for the transmission capability of the core network device. When the transmission capability of the core network device is greater than or equal to the threshold value (or less than or equal to a certain threshold value), the second communication device reports the second prediction information to the first communication device. The threshold value is provided in the second message and may be predefined or negotiated between the first and second communication devices, and this embodiment does not impose any limitation. For example, if the second network transmission capability is the predicted rate that the core network device can provide for data of the first terminal device, the second indication information may indicate that the second communication device reports the second prediction information to the first communication device when the predicted rate is greater than or equal to the threshold value. For another example, if the first network transmission capability is the predicted latency that the core network device can provide for data of the first terminal device, the second indication information may indicate that the second communication device reports the second prediction information to the first communication device when the predicted latency is less than or equal to the threshold value.

[0158] In addition, in order to determine whether the predicted network transmission capacity can meet the data characteristics of the first terminal device in a certain future period of time after the current moment #2 (e.g., in the second time period), the first communication device in this embodiment may further obtain data characteristics predicted for the data of the first terminal device in the second time period after the current moment #2. The method flow shown in FIG2 further includes:

[0159] S220: The first communication apparatus obtains data characteristics predicted for the first terminal device.

[0160] Specifically, the predicted data characteristics are used to indicate the characteristics of the data of the first terminal device within a certain period of time in the future (e.g., within the second time period). The predicted data characteristics are: the characteristics of the data of the first terminal device within a certain period of time in the future (e.g., within the second time period) predicted at the current moment #2. The current moment #2 is any moment of executing the characteristics prediction of the data of the first terminal device. In this embodiment, the moment of executing the characteristics prediction of the data of the first terminal device can be any one of the predefined periodic moments, or can also be any one of the one or more prediction moments indicated by the management device, or can also be any one of the moments (e.g., the prediction of the characteristics of the data of the first terminal device is executed in real time). In this embodiment, there is no limitation on the moment specifically referred to by the current moment #2.

[0161] It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the above-mentioned current moment #1 and current moment #2 may be the same or different moments, and may be understood as the moment of executing the prediction of the network transmission capacity, which may be different from the moment of executing the prediction of the data characteristics of the first terminal device, or may be the same moment.

[0162] In addition, in this embodiment, the above-mentioned first time period and second time period can be the same or different time periods. It can be understood that the time period corresponding to the predicted network transmission capacity can be different from the time period corresponding to the predicted data characteristics of the first terminal device. For example, the second time period includes the first time period, or the first time period includes the second time period.

[0163] Optionally, the predicted data characteristic includes: a predicted first rate, a first packet loss rate, or a first delay related to the data of the first terminal device, wherein the first rate includes but is not limited to: a generation rate (or an original rate) or a transmission rate.

[0164] In this embodiment, the first communication device obtains the data characteristics predicted for the first terminal device in the following ways, including but not limited to:

[0165] As a possible implementation manner, the first communication device determines the predicted data characteristics.

[0166] In this implementation, the first communication device may determine the predicted data characteristics on its own.

[0167] By way of example and not limitation, the first communication device may determine the predicted data characteristics based on the data characteristics of the historical data of the first terminal device and a prediction algorithm (e.g., an artificial intelligence or machine learning algorithm). Alternatively, the first communication device may determine the predicted data characteristics based on the data characteristics of the historical data of the first terminal device and a source knowledge graph.

[0168] As a possible implementation manner, the first communication device receives third prediction information, where the third prediction information is used to indicate predicted data characteristics.

[0169] In this implementation, the first communication device can receive third prediction information from another communication device (e.g., the second communication device). The third prediction information indicates the predicted data characteristics, eliminating the need for the first communication device to independently determine the predicted data characteristics, thereby reducing the complexity of the first communication device.

[0170] Optionally, when the first communication device receives the third prediction information from the second communication device, the communication method may further include:

[0171] S221: The first communication device sends a third message to the second communication device. Correspondingly, the second communication device receives the third message from the first communication device.

[0172] The third message is used to instruct the second communication device to report the third prediction information. In other words, the third message can be used to request or subscribe to the third prediction information.

[0173] Optionally, the third message may include third indication information, and the third indication information is used to indicate the conditions for reporting the third prediction information. For example, the predicted data characteristic is the predicted rate of the data for the first terminal device, and the third indication information may indicate the predicted rate threshold. When the predicted rate is greater than or equal to the rate threshold, the second communication device reports the third prediction information to the first communication device. The threshold value is provided in the third message, and may be predefined or determined by negotiation between the first communication device and the second communication device. No limitation is made in this embodiment.

[0174] Optionally, the above steps S210 and S220 may be the same step, that is, the first communication device may obtain the above predicted network transmission capability and predicted data characteristics through one step.

[0175] Furthermore, after the first communication device obtains the above-mentioned predicted network transmission capability and predicted data characteristics, it can determine whether it is necessary to control the current data of the first terminal device based on the predicted network transmission capability and the predicted data characteristics. The method flow shown in Figure 2 also includes:

[0176] S230: The first communication apparatus determines to control current data of the first terminal device according to the predicted network transmission capability and the predicted data characteristics.

[0177] The current data of the first terminal device may include one or more data. For example, the current data of the first terminal device refers to one or more currently known data of the first terminal device.

[0178] It should be understood that in this embodiment, the first communication device can determine whether it is necessary to control the current data of the first terminal device (for example, congestion control or non-congestion control) based on the predicted network transmission capacity and the predicted data characteristics. Wherein, the predicted network transmission capacity includes the above-mentioned first network transmission capacity and / or second network transmission capacity, then in this embodiment, the first communication device can determine whether it is necessary to control the current data of the first terminal device (for example, congestion control or non-congestion control) based on the first network transmission capacity and / or the second network transmission capacity, as well as the predicted data characteristics.

[0179] Specifically, if the predicted network transmission capacity for the first terminal device cannot meet the predicted data characteristics required for the first terminal device, the first communication device may perform congestion control. If the predicted network transmission capacity for the first terminal device can meet the predicted data characteristics required for the first terminal device, the first communication device may perform non-congestion control, such as canceling a previous congestion control operation or determining not to actively delay, drop, or reduce the speed of current data for the first terminal device.

[0180] Optionally, controlling the current data of the first terminal device may include: when the network is currently in a non-congested state, if network congestion is likely to occur in the future for the data of the first terminal device, performing congestion control on the current data of the first terminal device. For example, if network congestion is likely to occur for the data of the first terminal device within a first time period, proactive congestion control may be performed in advance. For example, proactive congestion control may include proactive delay, proactive packet loss, proactive speed reduction, and so on.

[0181] In the case where the current network is in a congested state, if the data of the first terminal device will not cause future network congestion, then non-congestion control can be performed on the current data of the first terminal device, for example, canceling the previous congestion control operation; another example is to determine that the current data of the first terminal device will not be actively delayed, will not be actively lost, or will not be actively reduced in speed. For example, if the data of the first terminal device will not cause future network congestion in a first time period (the network capacity in the first time period is much greater than the requirements of the data characteristics of the first terminal device), then non-congestion control can be performed, for example, canceling the previous congestion control operation on the current data of the first terminal device; another example is to determine that the current data of the first terminal device will not be actively delayed, will not be actively lost, or will not be actively reduced in speed.

[0182] As a possible implementation method, when it is determined based on the predicted network transmission capacity and the predicted data characteristics that the predicted network transmission capacity cannot guarantee the requirements of the predicted data characteristics, congestion control is determined for the current data of the first terminal device.

[0183] For example, if the predicted network transmission capacity includes a predicted first network transmission capacity, the first network transmission capacity is the transmission guarantee capacity of the network predicted for the rate of data of the first terminal device, and the predicted data characteristic is the predicted first rate related to the data of the first terminal device, then when the transmission guarantee capacity of the network predicted for the rate of data of the first terminal device cannot guarantee the first rate, it is determined to perform congestion control on the current data of the first terminal device.

[0184] As an example and not a limitation, in one or more of the following scenarios, the first communication apparatus determines to perform congestion control on current data of the first terminal device:

[0185] The data rate of the first terminal device in the second time period does not change compared to the data rate of the first terminal device at the current moment #2, but the network transmission capacity in the first time period deteriorates compared to the network transmission capacity at the current moment #1, and the first communication device determines to perform congestion control on the current data of the first terminal device; or

[0186] Compared to the data rate of the first terminal device at current moment #2, the data rate of the first terminal device in the second time period increases, but compared to the network transmission capacity at current moment #1, the network transmission capacity in the first time period does not change or deteriorates, and the first communication device determines to perform congestion control on the current data of the first terminal device; or,

[0187] Compared with the data rate of the first terminal device at the current moment #2, the data rate of the first terminal device in the second time period changes. Compared with the network transmission capacity at the current moment #1, the network transmission capacity in the first time period also changes. However, the network transmission capacity in the first time period cannot guarantee the data rate of the first terminal device in the second time period. The first communication device determines to perform congestion control on the current data of the first terminal device.

[0188] As another possible implementation method, when it is determined that the predicted network transmission capacity can guarantee the requirements of the predicted data characteristics based on the predicted network transmission capacity and the predicted data characteristics, it is determined to perform non-congestion control, for example, it is determined that there is no need to control the current data of the first terminal device (for example, the current data of the first terminal device is not actively delayed in delivery, actively dropped, or actively reduced in speed, etc.), and for example, it is determined to cancel the congestion control of the current data of the first terminal device.

[0189] Exemplarily, in this embodiment, it is mainly considered that the first communication apparatus determines to control the current data of the first terminal device.

[0190] After the first communication device determines that the current data of the first terminal device needs to be controlled based on the predicted network transmission capacity and the predicted data characteristics, the current data of the first terminal device is controlled in this embodiment, but is not limited to the following possible implementation methods:

[0191] As a possible implementation manner, the first communication apparatus performs an operation of controlling current data of the first terminal device (including congestion control or non-congestion control).

[0192] In this implementation, the first communication apparatus controls the current data of the first terminal device (including congestion control or non-congestion control), and the method flow shown in FIG2 further includes:

[0193] S231: The first communication apparatus performs an operation of controlling current data of the first terminal device.

[0194] Exemplarily, the first communication apparatus performs a congestion control or a non-congestion control operation on current data of the first terminal device.

[0195] For example, the first communication device performs congestion control operations on the current data of the first terminal device, such as the first communication device actively delays delivery, actively drops packets, or actively reduces the speed of the current data of the first terminal device.

[0196] For example, the first communication device performs non-congestion control operations on the current data of the first terminal device, such as the first communication device does not perform non-congestion control operations such as active delayed delivery, active packet loss, or active speed reduction on the current data of the first terminal device. For example, the first communication device cancels the previous congestion control non-congestion control operation on the current data of the first terminal device.

[0197] Exemplarily, the first communication device performs delay-based congestion control on the current data of the first terminal device, for example, actively delaying the delivery of the current data of the first terminal device, so that the delay or delay gradient of the current data of the first terminal device increases; or, the first communication device performs rate-based congestion control on the current data of the first terminal device, for example, actively reducing the transmission rate of the current data of the first terminal device, so that the transmission rate of the current data of the first terminal device decreases; or, the first communication device performs packet loss-based congestion control on the current data of the first terminal device, for example, actively discarding the current data of the first terminal device or feedback information of the current data of the first terminal device or actively replying to a negative acknowledgement (NACK) for the current data of the first terminal device, so that the number of packet losses of the data of the first terminal device increases.

[0198] As another possible implementation, after the first communication apparatus determines to control the current data of the first terminal device, the second communication apparatus performs an operation of controlling the current data of the first terminal device. The method flow shown in FIG2 further includes:

[0199] S232: The first communication device sends control information to the second communication device. Correspondingly, the second communication device receives the control information from the first communication device.

[0200] Specifically, the control information is used to instruct whether to perform congestion control or non-congestion control on the current data of the first terminal device, wherein non-congestion control can be understood as canceling the congestion control operation.

[0201] Optionally, for congestion control, the control information includes at least one of the following information: rate information, delay information, or packet loss information. The rate information indicates recommended rate information, the delay information indicates proactive delay information (e.g., additional delay of 10 ms), and the packet loss information indicates proactive packet loss information (e.g., proactive packet loss of 100 data items).

[0202] Optionally, for non-congestion control, the control information is used to instruct cancellation of the congestion control operation, or the control information is used to instruct not to perform non-congestion control operations such as active delayed delivery, active packet loss, or active speed reduction.

[0203] S233: The second communication device performs an operation of controlling the current data of the first terminal device.

[0204] Exemplarily, the second communication apparatus performs an operation of congestion control or non-congestion control on current data of the first terminal device.

[0205] Specifically, for congestion control, the second communication apparatus performs a congestion control operation on the current data of the first terminal device in response to the control information, such as an active delayed delivery or an active packet loss operation.

[0206] For non-congestion control, the second communication device cancels the congestion control operation in response to the control information, such as not actively delaying delivery or actively dropping packets. The following mainly uses congestion control as an example for explanation, and non-congestion control is not described in detail.

[0207] Optionally, if the control information includes rate control information, it indicates that the rate of the current data of the first terminal device is controlled. In one possible implementation, the rate control information is rate information. The second communication device actively reduces the rate of the current data of the first terminal device so that the rate of the current data of the first terminal device is less than or equal to the rate indicated by the rate information; and / or,

[0208] If the control information includes information on delay control, it indicates that the delay of the current data of the first terminal device is controlled. In one possible implementation, the control information is delay amount information. The second communication device actively delays the delivery of the current data of the first terminal device so that the delay gradient of the data of the first terminal device or the delay (end-to-end delay) of the current data of the first terminal device additionally includes the delay indicated by the delay amount information, wherein the delay gradient can be understood as the difference between the delays of different data (e.g., the delay of data #1 is D1, the delay of data #2 is D2, and the delay gradient is D2-D1); and / or,

[0209] If the control information includes information on packet loss control, it indicates that the packet loss of the current data of the first terminal device is controlled. In one possible implementation, the control information is packet loss amount information. The second communication device actively discards the current data of the first terminal device or the feedback information of the current data, so that the packet loss amount of the data of the first terminal device additionally includes the packet loss amount indicated by the packet loss amount information (for example, the packet loss amount of the previous data of the first terminal device is P1, and the packet loss amount indicated by the packet loss amount information is P2, then the cumulative packet loss amount of the data of the first terminal device is P1+P2).

[0210] Controlling the rate of the current data of the first terminal device to be less than or equal to the rate indicated by the rate information also includes: controlling the rate of the current data of the first terminal device to be less than or equal to the rate indicated by the rate information, and the rate of the current data of the first terminal device is greater than or equal to the minimum guaranteed rate.

[0211] For example, discarding the current data of the first terminal device may be discarding a small amount of data, or discarding unimportant data, in order to reduce the bit rate of the application layer without affecting data transmission.

[0212] To facilitate understanding, a specific example is used to illustrate how the first communication apparatus or the second communication apparatus performs the congestion control operation on the current data of the first terminal device.

[0213] Example 1: The first communication device or the second communication device receives the current data at time A1, and completes the processing of the current data at time A2. If the current data of the first terminal device is not controlled, the first communication device or the second communication device should deliver the data at time A3. For example, the first communication device or the second communication device is a core network device, and the core network device should deliver data to other protocol layers, terminal devices or access network devices at time A3; for another example, the first communication device or the second communication device is an access network device, and the access network device should deliver data to other protocol layers (the upper layer of the access network device), terminal devices or core network devices at time A3; for another example, the second communication device is a terminal device, and the terminal device should deliver data to other protocol layers (the upper layer of the terminal device), access network devices or core network devices at time A3. Among them, A1, A2 and A3 moments can be the same or different.

[0214] In this embodiment, the first communication device or the second communication device actively delays the delivery of the current data of the first terminal device, and the first communication device or the second communication device delivers the data at the time of A3+K. For example, the first communication device or the second communication device is a core network device, and the core network device delivers data to other protocol layers, terminal devices or access network devices at the time of A3+K; for another example, the first communication device or the second communication device is an access network device, and the access network device delivers data to other protocol layers (the upper layer of the access network device), terminal devices or core network devices at the time of A3+K; for another example, the second communication device is a terminal device, and the terminal device delivers data to other protocol layers (the PDCP layer of the terminal device delivers data to the protocol layers above the PDCP layer of the terminal device), access network devices or core network devices at the time of A3+K, and K is the active delay amount, and K is greater than 0.

[0215] Example 2: The first communication device or the second communication device receives N data. If the current data of the first terminal device is not controlled, then the first communication device or the second communication device should submit N data. For example, the first communication device or the second communication device is a core network device, and the core network device should submit N data to other protocol layers, terminal devices, or access network devices; for another example, the first communication device or the second communication device is an access network device, and the access network device should submit N data to other protocol layers, terminal devices, or core network devices; for another example, the second communication device is a terminal device, and the terminal device should submit N data to other protocol layers (the PDCP layer of the terminal device submits data to protocol layers above the PDCP layer of the terminal device), access network devices, or core network devices.

[0216] In this embodiment, the first communication device or the second communication device actively drops the current data of the first terminal device, and the first communication device or the second communication device discards the feedback information of M data out of N data or M data out of N data. For example, the first communication device or the second communication device is a core network device, and the core network device submits the feedback information of M data out of N data or M data out of N data to other protocol layers, terminal devices or access network devices; for another example, the first communication device or the second communication device is an access network device, and the access network device submits the feedback information of M data out of N data or M data out of N data to other protocol layers, terminal devices or core network devices; for another example, the second communication device is a terminal device, and the terminal device submits the feedback information of M data out of N data or M data out of N data to other protocol layers (the PDCP layer of the terminal device submits data to the protocol layer above the PDCP layer of the terminal device), access network devices or core network devices. N is greater than or equal to M.

[0217] Example 3: The first communication device or the second communication device receives N data. If the current data of the first terminal device is not controlled, the first communication device or the second communication device should feedback ACK of N data. For example, the first communication device or the second communication device is a core network device, and the core network device should feedback ACK of N data to other protocol layers, terminal devices or access network devices; for another example, the first communication device or the second communication device is an access network device, and the access network device should feedback ACK of N data to other protocol layers, terminal devices or core network devices; for another example, the second communication device is a terminal device, and the terminal device should feedback ACK of N data to other protocol layers (the PDCP layer of the terminal device delivers data to the protocol layers above the PDCP layer of the terminal device), access network devices or core network devices.

[0218] In this embodiment, the first communication device or the second communication device feeds back NACK for the current data of the first terminal device. Then, the first communication device or the second communication device feeds back NACK for M1 data out of N data. It can be understood that even if the data is received, by feeding back NACK, it indicates that the data has not been received, thereby reducing the bit rate of the data sent by the transmitter. For example, the first communication device or the second communication device is a core network device, and the core network device feeds back NACK for M1 data to other protocol layers, terminal devices or access network devices; for another example, the first communication device or the second communication device is an access network device, and the access network device feeds back NACK for M1 data to other protocol layers, terminal devices or core network devices; for another example, the second communication device is a terminal device, and the terminal device feeds back NACK for M1 data to other protocol layers (the PDCP layer of the terminal device delivers data to the protocol layer above the PDCP layer of the terminal device), access network devices or core network devices. N is greater than or equal to M1.

[0219] In the communication method shown in FIG2 , the first communication device can obtain the predicted network transmission capacity and the predicted data characteristics. Furthermore, based on the obtained predicted network transmission capacity and the predicted data characteristics, it can determine whether it is necessary to control the current data of the first terminal device. Thus, the first communication device can determine whether it is necessary to proactively adjust the transmission of the current data of the first terminal device in advance based on the future information predicted for the data of the first terminal device (e.g., the network transmission capacity and data characteristics within a certain period of time in the future), thereby reducing the probability of packet loss or large delay of the data of the first terminal device due to deterioration of network performance within a certain period of time in the future.

[0220] To facilitate understanding of the communication method shown in FIG. 2 , several specific examples are provided below for illustration.

[0221] Implementation Method 1: The first communication device shown in Figure 2 is a core network device, and the predicted network transmission capabilities include: a predicted first network transmission capability and a predicted second network transmission capability. The device that determines the first network transmission capability is an access network device, and the device that determines the second network transmission capability and the predicted data characteristics is a core network device. Furthermore, the device that performs operations to control the current data of the first terminal device includes, but is not limited to: a core network device, an access network device, or the first terminal device.

[0222] The following describes in detail how to reduce the probability of data packet loss or large delay in the case shown in the first implementation method in conjunction with Figures 3 and 4.

[0223] FIG3 shows a schematic diagram of a network framework including a core network device, an access network device and a first terminal device in the case of implementation method 1.

[0224] Specifically, in the case shown in implementation method 1, the core network device determines whether to control the current data of the first terminal device based on the predicted network transmission capacity and the predicted data characteristics. Therefore, the core network device includes a control module for determining whether to control the current data of the first terminal device (such as the control module included in the core network device in Figure 3). In addition, the second network transmission capacity and the predicted data characteristics are determined by the core network device. Therefore, the core network device includes a prediction module #1 for determining the second network transmission capacity (such as the prediction module #1 included in the core network device in Figure 3), and a prediction module #2 for determining the predicted data characteristics (such as the prediction module #2 included in the core network device in Figure 3). The prediction module #2 can be understood as a twin entity for prediction. Moreover, in the case shown in the first implementation method, the core network device may also be used to perform operations to control the current data of the first terminal device. Therefore, the core network device may also include a next generation radio network (NG) service control module and a data network (DN) service control module for performing operations to control the current data of the first terminal device (such as the NG service control module and the DN service control module included in the core network device in Figure 3). For example, the NG service control module is used to control the forwarding rate of the current data of the first terminal device within the core network; for example, the DN service control module is used to control the forwarding rate of the current data of the first terminal device outside the core network.

[0225] In the case shown in the first implementation method, the access network device determines the transmission capacity of the first network, and therefore the access network device includes a prediction module #3 for determining the transmission capacity of the first network (such as the prediction module #3 included in the access network device in Figure 3). In addition, in the case shown in the first implementation method, the access network device may also be used to perform operations to control the current data of the first terminal device, and therefore the access network device may also include a wireless scheduling control module and an NG service control module for performing operations to control the current data of the first terminal device (such as the wireless scheduling control module and the NG service control module included in the access network device in Figure 3). For example, the wireless scheduling control module is used to control the scheduling policy for the current data of the first terminal device.

[0226] In the case shown in the first implementation method, the first terminal device may be used to perform an operation to control the current data of the first terminal device, because the terminal device may also include a UE control module for performing control of the current data of the first terminal device (such as the UE control module included in the terminal device in Figure 3). In addition, the terminal device also includes an application layer and a protocol layer (such as the application layer and 5G protocol layer included in the terminal device in Figure 3), and the protocol layer may also be a protocol layer specified by other protocols other than the 5G communication protocol (such as the future communication protocol layer, etc.). Among them, the application layer performs data decoding. For example, the UE control module is used to control the active delivery of the current data of the first terminal device; the 5G protocol layer delivers data to the application layer, that is, each protocol layer delivers the data to the next protocol layer for processing after processing the data, and finally delivers the processed data to the application layer.

[0227] FIG4 is a schematic flow chart of another communication method provided by the present application, which includes the following steps for the situation shown in the above-mentioned implementation mode 1:

[0228] S410: The core network device sends a first message to the access network device. Correspondingly, the access network device receives the first message from the core network device.

[0229] For step S410, reference may be made to the description of step S211 in FIG. 2 , which will not be repeated here.

[0230] Furthermore, after the access network device receives the first message, the access network device determines the first network transmission capability, and the method flow shown in FIG4 further includes:

[0231] S420: The access network device determines the first network transmission capability.

[0232] Specifically, the manner in which the access network device determines the first network transmission capability may refer to the description of the first communication device determining the first network transmission capability shown in FIG. 2 above, which will not be repeated here.

[0233] S430: The access network device sends first prediction information to the core network device. Correspondingly, the core network device receives the first prediction information from the access network device.

[0234] S440: The core network device determines the second network transmission capability and the predicted data characteristics.

[0235] Specifically, the manner in which the core network device determines the second network transmission capability can refer to the description of the first communication device determining the second network transmission capability shown in FIG. 2 above, and will not be repeated here. In addition, the manner in which the core network device determines the predicted data characteristics can refer to the description of the first communication device determining the predicted data characteristics shown in FIG. 2 above, and will not be repeated here.

[0236] S450, the core network device determines to control the current data of the first terminal device according to the predicted network transmission capacity and the predicted data characteristics.

[0237] The description of step S450 can refer to step S230 in FIG. 2 above, and will not be repeated here.

[0238] When the core network device determines to control the current data of the first terminal device, the following possible methods may be included:

[0239] Mode 1: The core network device performs an operation to control the current data of the first terminal device, and the method flow shown in FIG4 further includes:

[0240] S461, the core network device performs an operation to control the current data of the first terminal device.

[0241] The description of step S461 can refer to step S231 in Figure 2 above, and will not be repeated here.

[0242] Mode 2: The access network device performs an operation to control the current data of the first terminal device, and the method flow shown in FIG4 further includes:

[0243] S462, the core network device sends control information #1 to the access network device, and correspondingly, the access network device receives the control information #1 from the core network device.

[0244] Step S462 can refer to the description of step S232 in Figure 2, wherein the control information #1 is equivalent to the control information in the above step S232, and the access network device is equivalent to the above second communication device, which will not be repeated here.

[0245] S463, the access network device performs an operation to control the current data of the first terminal device.

[0246] The description of step S463 can refer to step S233 in Figure 2 above, and will not be repeated here.

[0247] Mode 3: The first terminal device performs an operation to control the current data of the first terminal device, and the method flow shown in FIG4 further includes:

[0248] S464, the core network device sends control information #2 to the first terminal device, and correspondingly, the terminal device receives control information #2 from the core network device.

[0249] Step S464 can refer to the description of step S232 in Figure 2, wherein the control information #2 is equivalent to the control information in the above step S232, and the first terminal device is equivalent to the above second communication device, which will not be repeated here.

[0250] S465: The first terminal device performs an operation to control the current data of the first terminal device.

[0251] The description of step S465 can refer to step S233 in Figure 2 above, and will not be repeated here.

[0252] Implementation Method 2: The first communication device shown in Figure 2 is a core network device, and the predicted network transmission capability includes: a predicted first network transmission capability and a predicted second network transmission capability. The device that determines the first network transmission capability and the predicted data characteristics is an access network device, and the device that determines the second network transmission capability is a core network device. Furthermore, the device that performs operations to control the current data of the first terminal device includes, but is not limited to: a core network device, an access network device, or the first terminal device.

[0253] 5 and 6 , the following describes in detail how to reduce the probability of data packet loss or large delay in the case shown in the second implementation method.

[0254] FIG5 shows a schematic diagram of a network framework including a core network device, an access network device and a first terminal device in the case of implementation method 2. FIG5 shows a schematic diagram of a network framework including a core network device, an access network device and a first terminal device.

[0255] Specifically, in the case shown in the second implementation method, the core network device determines whether to control the current data of the first terminal device based on the predicted network transmission capacity and the predicted data characteristics, so the core network device includes a control module for determining whether to control the current data of the first terminal device (such as the control module included in the core network device in Figure 5). In addition, the second network transmission capacity is determined by the core network device, so the core network device includes a prediction module #1 for determining the second network transmission capacity (such as the prediction module #1 included in the core network device in Figure 5). Moreover, in the case shown in the second implementation method, the core network device may also be used to perform operations to control the current data of the first terminal device, so the core network device may also include an NG service control module and a DN service control module for performing operations to control the current data of the first terminal device (such as the NG service control module and the DN service control module included in the core network device in Figure 5).

[0256] In the case shown in the second implementation method, the access network device determines the first network transmission capacity and the predicted data characteristics, so the access network device includes a prediction module #3 for determining the first network transmission capacity (such as the prediction module #3 included in the access network device in Figure 5), and a prediction module #2 for determining the predicted data characteristics (such as the prediction module #2 included in the access network device in Figure 5), and the prediction module #2 can be understood as a twin entity for prediction. In addition, in the case shown in the second implementation method, the access network device may also be used to perform operations to control the current data of the first terminal device, so the access network device may also include a wireless scheduling control module and an NG service control module for performing operations to control the current data of the first terminal device (such as the wireless scheduling control module and the NG service control module included in the access network device in Figure 3).

[0257] In the case shown in the second implementation method, the first terminal device may be used to perform an operation to control the current data of the first terminal device, because the terminal device may also include a UE control module for performing control of the current data of the first terminal device (such as the UE control module included in the terminal device in Figure 5). In addition, the terminal device also includes an application layer and a protocol layer (such as the application layer and 5G protocol layer included in the terminal device in Figure 5).

[0258] FIG6 is a schematic flow chart of another communication method provided by the present application, which includes the following steps for the situation shown in the above-mentioned implementation manner 2:

[0259] S611: The core network device sends a first message to the access network device. Correspondingly, the access network device receives the first message from the core network device.

[0260] For step S611 , reference may be made to the description of step S211 in FIG. 2 , which will not be repeated here.

[0261] S610: The core network device sends a third message to the access network device. Correspondingly, the access network device receives the third message from the core network device.

[0262] For step S610, reference may be made to the description of step S221 in FIG. 2 , which will not be repeated here.

[0263] Furthermore, after the access network device receives the first message and the third message, the access network device determines the first network transmission capability and the predicted data characteristics. The method flow shown in FIG6 further includes:

[0264] S620: The access network device determines the first network transmission capability.

[0265] Specifically, the manner in which the access network device determines the first network transmission capability may refer to the description of the first communication device determining the first network transmission capability shown in FIG. 2 above, which will not be repeated here.

[0266] S621: The access network device determines the predicted data characteristics.

[0267] Specifically, the manner in which the access network device determines the predicted data characteristics may refer to the description of the first communication device determining the predicted data characteristics shown in FIG. 2 above, and will not be repeated here.

[0268] S630: The access network device sends first prediction information to the core network device. Correspondingly, the core network device receives the first prediction information from the access network device.

[0269] S631: The access network device sends third prediction information to the core network device. Correspondingly, the core network device receives the third prediction information from the access network device.

[0270] S640: The core network device determines the second network transmission capability.

[0271] Specifically, the manner in which the core network device determines the second network transmission capability may refer to the description of the first communication device determining the second network transmission capability shown in FIG. 2 above, which will not be repeated here.

[0272] S650, the core network device determines to control the current data of the first terminal device according to the predicted network transmission capacity and the predicted data characteristics.

[0273] The description of step S650 can refer to step S230 in FIG. 2 above, and will not be repeated here.

[0274] When the core network device determines to control the current data of the first terminal device, the following possible methods may be included:

[0275] Mode 1: The core network device performs an operation to control the current data of the first terminal device, and the method flow shown in FIG4 further includes:

[0276] S461, the core network device performs an operation to control the current data of the first terminal device.

[0277] Mode 2: The access network device performs an operation to control the current data of the first terminal device, and the method flow shown in FIG4 further includes:

[0278] S462, the core network device sends control information #1 to the access network device, and correspondingly, the access network device receives the control information #1 from the core network device.

[0279] S463, the access network device performs an operation to control the current data of the first terminal device.

[0280] Mode 3: The first terminal device performs an operation to control the current data of the first terminal device, and the method flow shown in FIG4 further includes:

[0281] S464, the core network device sends control information #2 to the first terminal device, and correspondingly, the terminal device receives control information #2 from the core network device.

[0282] S465: The first terminal device performs an operation to control the current data of the first terminal device.

[0283] Steps S661 to S665 refer to the description of steps S461 to S465 in FIG4 and are not described again here.

[0284] Implementation Method 3: The first communication device shown in Figure 2 is an access network device, and the predicted network transmission capabilities include: a predicted first network transmission capability and a predicted second network transmission capability. The device that determines the first network transmission capability is the access network device, and the device that determines the second network transmission capability and the predicted data characteristics is the core network device. Furthermore, the device that performs operations to control the current data of the first terminal device includes, but is not limited to, a core network device, an access network device, or the first terminal device.

[0285] The following describes in detail how to reduce the probability of data packet loss or large delay in the case shown in the third implementation method in conjunction with Figures 7 and 8.

[0286] FIG7 shows a schematic diagram of a network framework including a core network device, an access network device and a first terminal device in the case of implementation method three.

[0287] Specifically, in the case shown in the third implementation method, the core network device determines the second network transmission capacity and the predicted data characteristics, so the core network device includes a prediction module #1 for determining the second network transmission capacity (such as the prediction module #1 included in the core network device in Figure 7), and a prediction module #2 for determining the predicted data characteristics (such as the prediction module #2 included in the access network device in Figure 7), and the prediction module #2 can be understood as a twin entity for prediction. In addition, in the case shown in the third implementation method, the core network device may also be used to perform operations to control the current data of the first terminal device, so the core network device may also include an NG service control module and a DN service control module for performing operations to control the current data of the first terminal device (such as the NG service control module and the DN service control module included in the core network device in Figure 7).

[0288] In the case shown in the third implementation method, the core network device determines whether to control the current data of the first terminal device based on the predicted network transmission capacity and the predicted data characteristics. Therefore, the core network device includes a control module for determining whether to control the current data of the first terminal device (such as the control module included in the core network device in Figure 7). In addition, the first network transmission capacity is determined by the access network device. Therefore, the access network device includes a prediction module #3 for determining the first network transmission capacity (such as the prediction module #3 included in the access network device in Figure 7). In the case shown in the third implementation method, the access network device may also be used to perform operations to control the current data of the first terminal device. Therefore, the access network device may also include a wireless scheduling control module and an NG service control module for performing operations to control the current data of the first terminal device (such as the wireless scheduling control module and the NG service control module included in the access network device in Figure 7).

[0289] In the case shown in the third implementation method, the first terminal device may be used to perform an operation to control the current data of the first terminal device, because the terminal device may also include a UE control module for performing control of the current data of the first terminal device (such as the UE control module included in the terminal device in Figure 7). In addition, the terminal device also includes an application layer and a protocol layer (such as the application layer and 5G protocol layer included in the terminal device in Figure 7).

[0290] FIG8 is a schematic flow chart of another communication method provided by the present application, which includes the following steps for the situation shown in the above-mentioned implementation method 3:

[0291] S811. The access network device sends a second message to the core network device. Correspondingly, the core network device receives the second message from the access network device.

[0292] For step S811, reference may be made to the description of step S212 in FIG. 2 , which will not be repeated here.

[0293] S810: The access network device sends a third message to the core network device. Correspondingly, the core network device receives the third message from the access network device.

[0294] For step S810, reference may be made to the description of step S221 in FIG. 2 , which will not be repeated here.

[0295] S820. The core network device determines the transmission capability of the second network.

[0296] Specifically, the manner in which the core network device determines the second network transmission capability may refer to the description of the first communication device determining the second network transmission capability shown in FIG. 2 above, which will not be repeated here.

[0297] S821: The core network device determines the predicted data characteristics.

[0298] Specifically, the manner in which the core network device determines the predicted data characteristics may refer to the description of the first communication device determining the predicted data characteristics shown in FIG. 2 above, which will not be repeated here.

[0299] S830. The core network device sends second prediction information to the access network device. Correspondingly, the core network device receives the second prediction information from the access network device.

[0300] S831. The core network device sends third prediction information to the access network device. Correspondingly, the core network device receives the third prediction information from the access network device.

[0301] S840: The access network device determines the first network transmission capability.

[0302] Specifically, the manner in which the access network device determines the first network transmission capability may refer to the description of the first communication device determining the first network transmission capability shown in FIG. 2 above, which will not be repeated here.

[0303] S850: The access network device determines to control the current data of the first terminal device according to the predicted network transmission capacity and the predicted data characteristics.

[0304] The description of step S850 can refer to step S230 in FIG. 2 above, and will not be repeated here.

[0305] When the access network device determines to control the current data of the first terminal device, the following possible methods may be used:

[0306] Mode 1: The access network device performs an operation to control the current data of the first terminal device, and the method flow shown in FIG8 further includes:

[0307] S861, the access network device performs an operation to control the current data of the first terminal device.

[0308] The description of step S861 can refer to step S231 in Figure 2 above, and will not be repeated here.

[0309] Mode 2: The core network device performs network control, and the method flow shown in FIG8 further includes:

[0310] S862, the access network device sends control information #3 to the core network device. Correspondingly, the core network device receives control information #3 from the access network device.

[0311] Step S862 can refer to the description of step S232 in Figure 2, wherein the control information #3 is equivalent to the control information in the above step S232, and the core network device is equivalent to the above second communication device, which will not be repeated here.

[0312] S863, the core network device performs an operation to control the current data of the first terminal device.

[0313] The description of step S863 can refer to step S233 in Figure 2 above, and will not be repeated here.

[0314] Mode 3: The first terminal device performs an operation to control the current data of the first terminal device, and the method flow shown in FIG8 further includes:

[0315] S864, the access network device sends control information #4 to the first terminal device, and correspondingly, the first terminal device receives control information #4 from the access network device.

[0316] Step S864 can refer to the description of step S232 in Figure 2, wherein the control information #4 is equivalent to the control information in the above step S232, and the first terminal device is equivalent to the above second communication device, which will not be repeated here.

[0317] S865: The terminal device performs an operation to control the current data of the first terminal device.

[0318] The description of step S865 can refer to step S233 in Figure 2 above, and will not be repeated here.

[0319] Implementation Method 4: The first communication device shown in Figure 2 is an access network device, and the predicted network transmission capability includes: a predicted first network transmission capability and a predicted second network transmission capability. The device that determines the first network transmission capability and the predicted data characteristics is the access network device, and the device that determines the second network transmission capability is the core network device. Furthermore, the device that performs operations to control the current data of the first terminal device includes, but is not limited to: a core network device, an access network device, or the first terminal device.

[0320] 9 and 10 , the following describes in detail how to reduce the probability of data packet loss or large delay in the case shown in the fourth implementation method.

[0321] FIG9 shows a schematic diagram of a network framework including a core network device, an access network device and a first terminal device in the case of implementation method four.

[0322] Specifically, in the case shown in the fourth implementation method, the second network transmission capability is determined by the core network device, and therefore the core network device includes a prediction module #1 for determining the second network transmission capability (such as the prediction module #1 included in the core network device in Figure 9). In addition, in the case shown in the fourth implementation method, the core network device may also be used to perform operations to control the current data of the first terminal device, and therefore the core network device may also include an NG service control module and a DN service control module for performing operations to control the current data of the first terminal device (such as the NG service control module and DN service control module included in the core network device in Figure 9).

[0323] In the case shown in the fourth implementation method, the core network device determines whether to control the current data of the first terminal device based on the predicted network transmission capacity and the predicted data characteristics. Therefore, the core network device includes a control module for determining whether to control the current data of the first terminal device (such as the control module included in the core network device in Figure 9). In addition, the first network transmission capacity and the predicted data characteristics are determined by the access network device. Therefore, the access network device includes a prediction module #3 for determining the first network transmission capacity (such as the prediction module #3 included in the access network device in Figure 9), and a prediction module #2 for determining the predicted data characteristics (such as the prediction module #2 included in the access network device in Figure 9). The prediction module #2 can be understood as a twin entity for prediction. In the case shown in the fourth implementation method, the access network device may also be used to perform operations to control the current data of the first terminal device. Therefore, the access network device may also include a wireless scheduling control module and an NG service control module for performing operations to control the current data of the first terminal device (such as the wireless scheduling control module and the NG service control module included in the access network device in Figure 9).

[0324] In the case shown in the fourth implementation method, the first terminal device may be used to perform an operation to control the current data of the first terminal device, because the terminal device may also include a UE control module for performing control of the current data of the first terminal device (such as the UE control module included in the terminal device in Figure 9). In addition, the terminal device also includes an application layer and a protocol layer (such as the application layer and 5G protocol layer included in the terminal device in Figure 7).

[0325] FIG10 is a schematic flow chart of another communication method provided by the present application, which includes the following steps for the situation shown in the fourth implementation manner above:

[0326] S1010: The access network device sends a second message to the core network device. Correspondingly, the core network device receives the second message from the access network device.

[0327] For step S1010, reference may be made to the description of step S212 in FIG. 2 , which will not be repeated here.

[0328] S1020. The core network device determines the transmission capability of the second network.

[0329] Specifically, the manner in which the core network device determines the second network transmission capability may refer to the description of the first communication device determining the second network transmission capability shown in FIG. 2 above, which will not be repeated here.

[0330] S1030: The core network device sends second prediction information to the access network device. Correspondingly, the core network device receives the second prediction information from the access network device.

[0331] S1040: The access network device determines the first network transmission capability and the predicted data characteristics.

[0332] S1050: The access network device determines to control the current data of the first terminal device according to the predicted network transmission capacity and the predicted data characteristics.

[0333] The description of step S1050 can refer to step S230 in FIG. 2 above, which will not be repeated here.

[0334] When the access network device determines to control the current data of the first terminal device, the following possible methods may be used:

[0335] Mode 1: The access network device performs an operation to control the current data of the first terminal device, and the method flow shown in FIG10 further includes:

[0336] S1061: The access network device performs an operation to control the current data of the first terminal device. Mode 2: The core network device performs network control. The method flow shown in FIG10 further includes:

[0337] S1062: The access network device sends control information #3 to the core network device. Correspondingly, the core network device receives control information #3 from the access network device.

[0338] S1063, the core network device performs an operation to control the current data of the first terminal device.

[0339] Mode 3: The first terminal device performs an operation to control the current data of the first terminal device, and the method flow shown in FIG8 further includes:

[0340] S1064, the access network device sends control information #4 to the first terminal device, and correspondingly, the first terminal device receives control information #4 from the access network device.

[0341] S1065: The terminal device performs an operation to control the current data of the first terminal device.

[0342] Steps S1061 to S1065 refer to the description of steps S861 to S865 in FIG8 and are not described again here.

[0343] It should be noted that the above-mentioned implementation methods 1 to 4 are only examples of possible implementation methods of the communication method shown in Figure 2, and do not constitute any limitation on the scope of protection of this application. Other methods of controlling the packet loss and / or delay of the current data of the terminal device based on the network capabilities and data characteristics of the terminal device in the future period are also within the scope of protection of this application.

[0344] It should be understood that the size of the serial numbers of the above processes does not mean the order of execution. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of the present application.

[0345] It should also be understood that in the various embodiments of the present application, unless otherwise specified or there is a logical conflict, the terms and / or descriptions between different embodiments are consistent and can be referenced to each other, and the technical features in different embodiments can be combined to form new embodiments according to their internal logical relationships.

[0346] It should also be understood that in some of the above embodiments, devices in existing network architectures are mainly used as examples for illustrative purposes, and it should be understood that the embodiments of the present application do not limit the specific form of the devices. For example, devices that can achieve the same functions in the future are applicable to the embodiments of the present application.

[0347] It is understandable that in the above-mentioned various method embodiments, the methods and operations implemented by devices (such as the first communication device and the second communication device) can also be implemented by components that can be used in the devices (such as chips or circuits).

[0348] It can also be understood that some optional features in the various embodiments of the present application may not depend on other features in certain scenarios, and may also be combined with other features in certain scenarios, without limitation.

[0349] The communication method provided in the embodiment of the present application is described in detail above in conjunction with FIG2 . The communication method is mainly described from the perspective of the first communication device and the second communication device. It is understood that in order to implement the above functions, the first communication device and the second communication device include hardware structures and / or software modules corresponding to performing each function.

[0350] Those skilled in the art should be aware that, in combination with the units and algorithm steps of each example described in the embodiments disclosed herein, the present application can be implemented in the form of hardware or a combination of hardware and computer software. Whether a function is performed in the form of hardware or computer software driving hardware depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Professional and technical personnel can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered to be beyond the scope of this application.

[0351] The communication device provided in the embodiment of the present application is described in detail below with reference to Figures 11 to 13. It should be understood that the description of the device embodiment corresponds to the description of the method embodiment. Therefore, for matters not described in detail, reference can be made to the method embodiment above. For the sake of brevity, some contents are not repeated here.

[0352] In the embodiment of the present application, the functional modules of the transmitting device or the receiving device can be divided according to the above method example. For example, each functional module can be divided according to each function, or two or more functions can be integrated into one processing module. The above integrated modules can be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of software functional modules. It should be noted that the division of modules in the embodiment of the present application is schematic and is only a logical functional division. There may be other division methods in actual implementation. The following is an example of dividing each functional module according to each function.

[0353] Figure 11 is a schematic block diagram of a communication device 10 provided in an embodiment of the present application. The device 10 includes a transceiver module 11 and a processing module 12. The transceiver module 11 can implement corresponding communication functions, and the processing module 12 is used to process data. In other words, the transceiver module 11 is used to perform operations related to receiving and sending, while the processing module 12 is used to perform operations other than receiving and sending. The transceiver module 11 can also be referred to as a communication interface or a communication unit.

[0354] Optionally, the device 10 may further include a storage module 13, which may be used to store instructions and / or data. The processing module 12 may read the instructions and / or data in the storage module so that the device implements the actions of the devices in the aforementioned method embodiments.

[0355] In one design, the apparatus 10 may correspond to the access network device in the above method embodiment, or a component (such as a chip) of the access network device.

[0356] The device 10 can implement the steps or processes executed by the access network device in the above method embodiment, wherein the transceiver module 11 can be used to execute the transceiver-related operations of the access network device in the above method embodiment, and the processing module 12 can be used to execute the processing-related operations of the access network device in the above method embodiment.

[0357] In one possible implementation, processing module 12 is configured to obtain a predicted network transmission capability for data on the first terminal device and obtain predicted data characteristics for the data on the first terminal device. Processing module 12 is configured to determine control of current data on the first terminal device based on the predicted network transmission capability and the predicted data characteristics.

[0358] In another possible implementation, the transceiver module 11 is configured to receive control information indicating control of current data of the first terminal device. The processing module 12 is configured to control the rate, latency, or packet loss of the current data of the first terminal device based on the control information, wherein the control information is determined based on a predicted network transmission capability for the data of the first terminal device and predicted data characteristics for the data of the first terminal device.

[0359] When the device 10 is used to perform the method in FIG. 2 , the transceiver module 11 may be used to perform the steps of sending and receiving information in the method, such as steps S211, S212, and S232, and the processing module 12 may be used to perform the processing steps in the method, such as steps S210, S220, S230, and S231. Alternatively, the processing module 12 may be used to perform the processing steps in the method, such as step S233.

[0360] When the device 10 is used to execute the method in Figure 4, the transceiver module 11 can be used to execute the steps of sending and receiving information in the method, such as steps S410, S430, S462 and S464, and the processing module 12 can be used to execute the processing steps in the method, such as steps S420 and S463.

[0361] When the device 10 is used to execute the method in Figure 6, the transceiver module 11 can be used to execute the steps of sending and receiving information in the method, such as steps S610, S611, S630, S631, S662 and S664, and the processing module 12 can be used to execute the processing steps in the method, such as steps S620, S621 and S663.

[0362] When the device 10 is used to execute the method in Figure 8, the transceiver module 11 can be used to execute the steps of sending and receiving information in the method, such as steps S810, S811, S830, S831, S862 and S864, and the processing module 12 can be used to execute the processing steps in the method, such as steps S840, S850, S861.

[0363] When the device 10 is used to execute the method in Figure 10, the transceiver module 11 can be used to execute the steps of sending and receiving information in the method, such as steps S1010, S1030, S1062 and S1064, and the processing module 12 can be used to execute the processing steps in the method, such as steps S1040, S1050, S1061.

[0364] It should be understood that the specific process of each unit executing the above corresponding steps has been described in detail in the above method embodiment, and for the sake of brevity, it will not be repeated here.

[0365] In another design, the apparatus 10 may correspond to the core network device in the above method embodiment, or a component (such as a chip) of the core network device.

[0366] The device 10 can implement the steps or processes executed by the core network device in the above method embodiment, wherein the transceiver module 11 can be used to execute the transceiver-related operations of the core network device in the above method embodiment, and the processing module 12 can be used to execute the processing-related operations of the core network device in the above method embodiment.

[0367] In one possible implementation, processing module 12 is configured to obtain a predicted network transmission capability for data on the first terminal device and obtain predicted data characteristics for the data on the first terminal device. Processing module 12 is configured to determine control of current data on the first terminal device based on the predicted network transmission capability and the predicted data characteristics.

[0368] In another possible implementation, the transceiver module 11 is configured to receive control information indicating control of current data of the first terminal device. The processing module 12 is configured to control the rate, latency, or packet loss of the current data of the first terminal device based on the control information, wherein the control information is determined based on a predicted network transmission capability for the data of the first terminal device and predicted data characteristics for the data of the first terminal device.

[0369] When the device 10 is used to perform the method in FIG. 2 , the transceiver module 11 may be used to perform the steps of sending and receiving information in the method, such as steps S211, S212, and S232, and the processing module 12 may be used to perform the processing steps in the method, such as steps S210, S220, S230, and S231. Alternatively, the processing module 12 may be used to perform the processing steps in the method, such as step S233.

[0370] When the device 10 is used to execute the method in Figure 4, the transceiver module 11 can be used to execute the steps of sending and receiving information in the method, such as steps S410, S430, S462, and S464, and the processing module 12 can be used to execute the processing steps in the method, such as steps S440, S450, and S461.

[0371] When the device 10 is used to execute the method in Figure 6, the transceiver module 11 can be used to execute the steps of sending and receiving information in the method, such as steps S810, S811, S830, S831, and S862, and the processing module 12 can be used to execute the processing steps in the method, such as steps S640, S650, and S661.

[0372] When the device 10 is used to execute the method in Figure 8, the transceiver module 11 can be used to execute the steps of sending and receiving information in the method, such as steps S810, S811, S830, S831, and S862, and the processing module 12 can be used to execute the processing steps in the method, such as steps S820, S821, and S863.

[0373] When the device 10 is used to execute the method in Figure 10, the transceiver module 11 can be used to execute the steps of sending and receiving information in the method, such as steps S1010, S1030, and S1062, and the processing module 12 can be used to execute the processing steps in the method, such as steps S1020 and S1063.

[0374] It should be understood that the specific process of each unit executing the above corresponding steps has been described in detail in the above method embodiment, and for the sake of brevity, it will not be repeated here.

[0375] In another design, the apparatus 10 may correspond to the terminal device in the above method embodiment, or a component (such as a chip) of the terminal device.

[0376] The device 10 can implement the steps or processes executed by the terminal device in the above method embodiment, wherein the transceiver module 11 can be used to execute the transceiver-related operations of the terminal device in the above method embodiment, and the processing module 12 can be used to execute the processing-related operations of the terminal device in the above method embodiment.

[0377] In one possible implementation, the transceiver module 11 is configured to receive control information indicating control of current data of the first terminal device. The processing module 12 is configured to control the rate, latency, or packet loss of the current data of the first terminal device based on the control information, wherein the control information is determined based on a predicted network transmission capability for the data of the first terminal device and predicted data characteristics for the data of the first terminal device.

[0378] When the device 10 is used to execute the method in FIG. 2 , the transceiver module 11 may be used to execute the steps of sending and receiving information in the method, such as step S232 , and the processing module 12 may be used to execute the processing steps in the method, such as step S233 .

[0379] When the device 10 is used to execute the method in FIG. 4 , the transceiver module 11 may be used to execute the steps of sending and receiving information in the method, such as step S464 , and the processing module 12 may be used to execute the processing steps in the method, such as step S465 .

[0380] When the device 10 is used to execute the method in FIG6 , the transceiver module 11 may be used to execute the steps of sending and receiving information in the method, such as step S664 , and the processing module 12 may be used to execute the processing steps in the method, such as step S665 .

[0381] When the device 10 is used to execute the method in Figure 8, the transceiver module 11 can be used to execute the steps of sending and receiving information in the method, such as step S864, and the processing module 12 can be used to execute the processing steps in the method, such as step S865.

[0382] When the device 10 is used to execute the method in Figure 10, the transceiver module 11 can be used to execute the steps of sending and receiving information in the method, such as step S1064, and the processing module 12 can be used to execute the processing steps in the method, such as step S1065.

[0383] It should be understood that the specific process of each unit executing the above corresponding steps has been described in detail in the above method embodiment, and for the sake of brevity, it will not be repeated here.

[0384] It should also be understood that the device 10 here is embodied in the form of a functional module. The term "module" here may refer to an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), an electronic circuit, a processor (such as a shared processor, a dedicated processor or a group processor, etc.) and memory for executing one or more software or firmware programs, a combined logic circuit and / or other suitable components that support the described functions. In an optional example, those skilled in the art will understand that the device 10 may be specifically the mobile management network element in the above-mentioned embodiment, and may be used to execute the various processes and / or steps corresponding to the mobile management network element in the above-mentioned method embodiments; or, the device 10 may be specifically the terminal device in the above-mentioned embodiment, and may be used to execute the various processes and / or steps corresponding to the terminal device in the above-mentioned method embodiments. To avoid repetition, it will not be described here.

[0385] The apparatus 10 of each of the above-mentioned solutions has the function of implementing the corresponding steps performed by the device (such as the first communication device) in the above-mentioned method. This function can be implemented by hardware, or by hardware executing the corresponding software implementation. The hardware or software includes one or more modules corresponding to the above-mentioned functions; for example, the transceiver module can be replaced by a transceiver (for example, the sending unit in the transceiver module can be replaced by a transmitter, and the receiving unit in the transceiver module can be replaced by a receiver), and other units, such as the processing module, can be replaced by a processor to respectively perform the transceiver operations and related processing operations in each method embodiment.

[0386] In addition, the transceiver module 11 may also be a transceiver circuit (for example, may include a receiving circuit and a sending circuit), and the processing module may be a processing circuit.

[0387] Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of another communication device 20 provided in an embodiment of the present application. The device 20 includes a processor 21, which is configured to execute computer programs or instructions stored in a memory 22, or read data / signaling stored in the memory 22, to perform the methods described in the above method embodiments. Optionally, there are one or more processors 21.

[0388] Optionally, as shown in FIG12 , the device 20 further includes a memory 22 for storing computer programs or instructions and / or data. The memory 22 may be integrated with the processor 21 or may be separately provided. Optionally, there may be one or more memories 22 .

[0389] Optionally, as shown in Figure 12, the device 20 further includes a transceiver 23, which is used to receive and / or send signals. For example, the processor 21 is used to control the transceiver 23 to receive and / or send signals.

[0390] As a solution, the device 20 is used to implement the operations performed by the first communication device or the second communication device in the above various method embodiments.

[0391] It should be understood that the processor mentioned in the embodiments of the present application may be a central processing unit (CPU), or may be other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSP), application-specific integrated circuits (ASIC), field programmable gate arrays (FPGA) or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc. The general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or any conventional processor, etc.

[0392] It should also be understood that the memory mentioned in the embodiments of the present application may be a volatile memory and / or a non-volatile memory. Among them, the non-volatile memory may be a read-only memory (ROM), a programmable read-only memory (PROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), or a flash memory. The volatile memory may be a random access memory (RAM). For example, RAM can be used as an external cache. By way of example and not limitation, RAM includes the following forms: static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), synchronous dynamic random access memory (SDRAM), double data rate synchronous dynamic random access memory (DDR SDRAM), enhanced synchronous dynamic random access memory (ESDRAM), synchronous link dynamic random access memory (SLDRAM), and direct rambus RAM (DR RAM).

[0393] It should be noted that when the processor is a general-purpose processor, DSP, ASIC, FPGA or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic device, discrete hardware component, the memory (storage module) can be integrated into the processor.

[0394] It should also be noted that the memory described herein is intended to include, but is not limited to, these and any other suitable types of memory.

[0395] 13 is a schematic diagram of a chip system 30 according to an embodiment of the present application. The chip system 30 (or also referred to as a processing system) includes a logic circuit 31 and an input / output interface 32.

[0396] The logic circuit 31 may be a processing circuit in the chip system 30. The logic circuit 31 may be coupled to a storage unit and call instructions in the storage unit so that the chip system 30 can implement the methods and functions of the various embodiments of the present application. The input / output interface 32 may be an input / output circuit in the chip system 30, outputting information processed by the chip system 30 or inputting data or signaling information to be processed into the chip system 30 for processing.

[0397] As a solution, the chip system 30 is used to implement the operations performed by the first communication device or the second communication device in the above various method embodiments.

[0398] For example, the logic circuit 31 is used to implement the processing-related operations performed by the first communication device or the second communication device in the above method embodiment; the input / output interface 32 is used to implement the sending and / or receiving-related operations performed by the terminal device in the above method embodiment.

[0399] An embodiment of the present application further provides a computer-readable storage medium on which computer instructions for implementing the methods executed by the device in the above-mentioned method embodiments are stored.

[0400] For example, when the computer program is executed by a computer, the computer can implement the method performed by the first communication device or the second communication device in each embodiment of the above method.

[0401] An embodiment of the present application further provides a computer program product comprising instructions, which, when executed by a computer, implement the methods performed by the first communication device or the second communication device in the above-mentioned method embodiments.

[0402] An embodiment of the present application further provides a communication system, including the aforementioned first communication device and second communication device.

[0403] The explanation of the relevant contents and beneficial effects of any of the above-mentioned devices can be referred to the corresponding method embodiments provided above, which will not be repeated here.

[0404] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the units and algorithm steps of each example described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are performed in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Professional and technical personnel can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of this application.

[0405] Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for the convenience and brevity of description, the specific working processes of the systems, devices and units described above can refer to the corresponding processes in the aforementioned method embodiments and will not be repeated here.

[0406] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, devices and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device embodiments described above are merely schematic. For example, the division of the units is merely a logical function division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods, such as multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. Another point is that the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed can be through some interfaces, indirect coupling or communication connection of devices or units, which can be electrical, mechanical or other forms.

[0407] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of these units may be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0408] In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.

[0409] If the functions are implemented in the form of software functional units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present application, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or the part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions for enabling a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the method described in each embodiment of the present application. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media that can store program codes, such as a USB flash drive, a mobile hard disk, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk.

[0410] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present application, but the scope of protection of the present application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this application should be included in the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be based on the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. A communication method, characterized in that: include: Obtaining a network transmission capability predicted for data of the first terminal device; Acquire data characteristics predicted for the data of the first terminal device; Determining to control current data of the first terminal device according to the predicted network transmission capacity and the predicted data characteristics.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The predicted network transmission capability includes at least one of the following: The network's transmission assurance capability based on the data rate, packet loss rate, or delay prediction of the first terminal device.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The predicted network transmission capacity includes: the predicted transmission capacity of the first network and / or the transmission capacity of the second network, Among them, the first network transmission capability is the network transmission capability between the access network device and the first terminal device, and the second network transmission capability is the network transmission capability between the access network device and the core network device.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that The obtaining the predicted network transmission capacity includes: determining the first network transmission capability and / or the second network transmission capability; or, receiving first prediction information and / or second prediction information, wherein the first prediction information is used to indicate the first network transmission capability, and the second prediction information is used to indicate the second network transmission capability; or, determining the first network transmission capability and receiving the second prediction information; or, Determine the second network transmission capability and receive the first prediction information.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that The determining the first network transmission capability includes: Determine the first network transmission capability according to one or more of the following information: the wireless environment in which the first terminal device is located, the channel quality of the first terminal device, the wireless scheduling capability of the access network device for the data of the first terminal device, the software processing resources or hardware processing resources of the access network device for the data of the first terminal device, or the number of terminal devices connected to the access network device, The first terminal device is one of the terminal devices connected to the access network device.

6. The method according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that: The determining the second network transmission capability includes: Determine the second network transmission capability according to one or more of the following information: the forwarding capability of the core network device for the data of the first terminal device, the software processing resources or hardware processing resources of the core network device for the data of the first terminal device, or the number of terminal devices managed by the core network device, Among them, the first terminal device is one of the terminal devices managed by the core network device.

7. The method according to any one of claims 4 to 6, characterized in that Before receiving the first prediction information, the method further includes: A first message is sent, where the first message is used to instruct reporting of the first prediction information.

8. The method according to any one of claims 4 to 7, characterized in that Before receiving the second prediction information, the method further includes: A second message is sent, where the second message is used to instruct reporting of the second prediction information.

9. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that The obtaining of the predicted data characteristics comprises: determining a characteristic of the predicted data; or, Third prediction information is received, where the third prediction information is used to indicate the predicted data characteristics.

10. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that Before receiving the third prediction information, the method further includes: A third message is sent, where the third message is used to instruct reporting of the third prediction information.

11. The method according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that: The determining of the predicted data characteristics comprises: The predicted data characteristics are determined according to the data characteristics of the historical data of the first terminal device and a prediction algorithm.

12. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that The predicted data characteristics include: A predicted first rate, first packet loss rate, or first delay related to data of the first terminal device.

13. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that The determining to control the current data of the first terminal device according to the predicted network transmission capability and the predicted data characteristic includes: When it is determined, based on the predicted network transmission capacity and the predicted data characteristics, that the predicted network transmission capacity cannot guarantee the requirements of the predicted data characteristics, it is determined to control the current data of the first terminal device.

14. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that The method further comprises: Executing an operation of controlling current data of the first terminal device; and / or, Send control information, where the control information is used to instruct to control current data of the first terminal device.

15. The method according to claim 14, characterized in that The performing of the operation of controlling the current data of the first terminal device includes: Delaying the delivery of current data of the first terminal device; or, discarding the current data of the first terminal device; or, The feedback information of the current data of the first terminal device is discarded.

16. The method according to claim 14 or 15, characterized in that The control information includes at least one of the following information: Information about rate, delay, or packet loss.

17. A communication method, characterized in that: include: receiving control information, where the control information is used to instruct to control current data of the first terminal device; Based on the control information, the rate, delay, or packet loss of current data of the first terminal device is controlled, The control information is determined based on a network transmission capability predicted for data of the first terminal device and a data characteristic predicted for data of the first terminal device.

18. The method according to claim 17, characterized in that The control information includes at least one of the following information: Information about rate, delay, or packet loss.

19. The method according to claim 18, characterized in that If the control information includes information about the rate, the method further includes: Controlling the rate of current data of the first terminal device to be less than or equal to the rate indicated by the rate information; and / or, If the control information includes information about the delay amount, the method further includes: Delaying the delivery of current data of the first terminal device, and controlling the delay of the current data of the first terminal device to be greater than or equal to the delay indicated by the information of the delay amount; and / or, If the control information includes information about the packet loss amount, the method further includes: Discard the current data of the first terminal device, discard the feedback information of the current data of the first terminal device, or send a negative response NACK for the feedback of the current data of the first terminal device, and control the packet loss amount of the current data of the first terminal device to be greater than or equal to the packet loss amount indicated by the information of the packet loss amount.

20. The method according to any one of claims 17 to 19, characterized in that The method further comprises: receiving a first message, where the first message is used to instruct reporting of first prediction information, where the first prediction information is used to indicate a first network transmission capability, where the first network transmission capability is a network transmission capability of an access network device predicted for data of the first terminal device; The first prediction information is sent.

21. The method according to claim 20, characterized in that The method further comprises: Determine the first network transmission capability according to one or more of the following information: the wireless environment in which the first terminal device is located, the channel quality of the first terminal device, the wireless scheduling capability of the access network device for the data of the first terminal device, the software processing resources or hardware processing resources of the access network device for the data of the first terminal device, or the number of terminal devices connected to the access network device, The first terminal device is one of the terminal devices connected to the access network device.

22. The method according to any one of claims 17 to 21, characterized in that The method further comprises: receiving a second message, where the second message is used to instruct reporting of second prediction information, where the second prediction information is used to indicate a second network transmission capability, where the second network transmission capability is a network transmission capability of a core network device predicted for data of the first terminal device; The second prediction information is sent.

23. The method according to claim 22, characterized in that The method further comprises: Determine the second network transmission capability according to one or more of the following information: the forwarding capability of the core network device for the data of the first terminal device, the software processing resources or hardware processing resources of the core network device for the data of the first terminal device, or the number of terminal devices managed by the core network device, Among them, the first terminal device is one of the terminal devices managed by the core network device.

24. The method according to any one of claims 17 to 21, characterized in that The method further comprises: A third message is received, where the third message is used to indicate reporting of third prediction information, where the third prediction information is used to indicate data characteristics of data prediction for the first terminal device.

25. The method according to claim 24, characterized in that The method further comprises: The predicted data characteristics are determined according to the data characteristics of the historical data of the first terminal device and a prediction algorithm.

26. The method according to claim 24 or 25, characterized in that The predicted data characteristics include: The predicted first rate, first packet loss rate, or first average delay related to the data of the first terminal device.

27. A communication device, characterized in that: The device comprises a processor, the processor is coupled to a memory, the memory is used to store a computer program or instructions, and the processor is used to execute the computer program or instructions in the memory, so that the device performs the method according to any one of claims 1 to 26.

28. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that: The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program or instructions, and when the computer program or instructions are executed on a computer, the computer is caused to perform the method according to any one of claims 1 to 26.

29. A chip system, characterized in that: It comprises: a processor, used to call and run a computer program from a memory, so that a communication device equipped with the chip system executes the method described in any one of claims 1 to 26.

30. A computer program product, characterized in that When the computer program product is run on a computer, the computer is caused to execute the method according to any one of claims 1 to 26.

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