Direction-adjustable tunneling device for opening arterial occlusion

Abstract

Disclosed is a direction-adjustable tunneling device for opening arterial occlusion, comprising: a working part, comprising a drill bit, a propelling system, and a catheter, wherein the drill bit is configured for cutting and rotationally grinding a plaque to open the artery when rotating, the propelling system is configured for driving the drill bit to advance and rotationally cut the plaque uniformly, and the catheter is configured for providing an agent for the drill bit and sucking plaque debris; and an outer sheath surrounding the working part, wherein the outer sheath can adjust the advancing direction of the working part, and is further configured for supporting and fixing the working part. The present invention can satisfy the clearing requirement of blood vessels with varying morphologies, plaques of different hardness, and different directions. Also, the present invention can meet the requirements of clinicians for opening a blood vessel and removing the plaque in one step, thus improving the efficiency of opening blood vessels, innovating the convenience of device operation and the completeness of plaque clearance, and featuring advantages of greatly reduced operation difficulty, reduced operation duration, reduced or eliminated needs for in-vivo stent implantation, increased long-term patency rate, and the like.

Description

An adjustable tunneling device for opening blocked arteries Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of medical devices, and in particular to an adjustable excavation device for opening blocked arteries. Background Art

[0002] Peripheral artery occlusion directly leads to limb ischemia and, in severe cases, amputation. The substance that causes arterial occlusion: atherosclerotic plaque (hereinafter referred to as plaque), gradually calcifies, degenerates, and hardens over the long course of the disease, making it difficult to open occluded arteries and remove plaques with current intravascular interventional procedures. Therefore, this patent designs a device with strong positioning, uniform cutting, separation, and volume reduction capabilities. It can directly target lesions, grind them, and expel plaques from the body, achieving the goals of opening blood vessels, reducing plaque volume, gaining lumen, and restoring blood supply.

[0003] Currently, there are two core steps in the surgery: passing the guidewire through the lesion segment and removing the plaque. All plaque removal devices on the market require the guidewire to first pass through the occluded lesion segment (some even require full true lumen passage, which is almost impossible in completely occluded lesions) and enter the distal true lumen. Guidewire-guided plaque removal devices are a necessary prerequisite. Such device systems include (1) a thin metal guidewire for positioning, which passes through the plaque area, and the front end of the guidewire has an inherent bend at a certain angle; (2) a working part that is sleeved on the outside of the guidewire and can move along the direction of the guidewire and includes components such as a rotary cutting head; (3) an operating part located outside the patient's body to control the advance and retreat of the rotary cutting head; and (4) a connecting structure between the operating part and the working part. Others include external digital subtraction angiography (DSA) equipment for locating blood vessels and the device.

[0004] During the procedure, under DSA visualization, the surgeon guides a guidewire through the occluded segment. The rotary ablation device follows the guidewire to the working site, i.e., the location of the plaque. The surgeon activates the rotary ablation device, completes the plaque ablation, and simultaneously extracts the ablated plaque from the body. Finally, the guidewire is withdrawn. Existing devices that are closest to the invention include Medtronic's SilverHawk and TurboHawk systems, and Boston Scientific's Jetstream system.

[0005] Although the existing rotary cutting devices have the performance of cutting and separating, there are still problems: (1) The guidewire is required to pass through the true lumen of the occluded artery segment, which is only suitable for stenotic lesions and not for completely occluded lesions. Because the hard plaque completely fills the lumen, when the guidewire passes, most of the time it passes under the arterial intima (not in the true lumen of the artery), and the risk of arterial wall damage and rupture during rotary cutting is extremely high; (2) Passing the guidewire through the occluded artery is time-consuming and difficult, and sometimes it is difficult to open the artery, and the failure rate of the operation is high; (3) Subsequent operations such as positioning and advancement all rely on guidewire delivery, which lacks the directionality of plaque rotary cutting; The successful delivery and penetration of the guidewire is already very difficult, and the subsequent passage of the rotary cutting device is even more difficult, because the rotary cutting device with a large diameter is difficult to insert and advance when facing hard, non-lumen plaques. A small balloon is required to pre-expand a small lumen before it can pass through, which can easily lead to insufficient volume reduction and arterial perforation and rupture; (4) The plaque tissue is not homogeneous, and there are different components such as hard calcification, tough fibrous cap, soft lipid, etc. In the long plaque of an occluded artery, the difference in the force exerted on the guidewire in different components will affect its direction of travel, causing it to deviate from the original and ideal working position in the central axis of the arterial lumen, and fail to achieve the purpose of directional plaque excision; (5) Even if the guidewire passes through the target lesion, it has limitations in excision and volume reduction of local fine plaques. For example, if the positioning is inaccurate, the excision blade will be close to the outer wall of the normal blood vessel at the working site, and a regular arterial lumen cannot be obtained, which can easily lead to damage, perforation, and rupture of the vessel wall. At the same time, it is very easy to cause distal arterial embolism and aggravate limb ischemia when excisional plaques.

[0006] The reasons for the above problems are: (1) The directional positioning of the rotary cutting device depends on the guide wire passing through the true lumen of the occluded artery, that is, the path of the guide wire determines the direction of action of the subsequent volume reduction device. In addition, the completely occluded lesion has a tough texture, and the guide wire is a thinner metal wire. If the material properties are not considered, its rigidity has an absolute upper limit in structure, and it cannot break through some high-hardness plaques and pass through the lesion smoothly. In addition, the guide wire has directional uncertainty when moving in the plaque, and it is very easy to pass through areas outside the plaque, resulting in entering the subendothelium; (2) The blade of the rotary cutting device is often located in one direction on the side of the working part. Each rotary cutting can only remove plaque tissue in a specific direction. In order to completely remove the plaque, it is necessary to rotate the working part multiple times to change the direction. Multiple rotary cutting is time-consuming, complicated to operate, inefficient, difficult, and the operator is exposed to the X-ray for a long time; even if it is multi-directional rotation The cutting device is difficult to ensure that the blade is centered; (3) The power of the working part moving forward and backward depends on the operator's pushing action. This action is transmitted through the connection part, and the force acting on the plaque position will change or attenuate, affecting the sensitivity and accuracy of the operation; (4) The artery is a pulsating dynamic structure. Blood flow changes and patient muscle movements will affect the morphology of the blood vessels. The previous rotary cutting equipment is cumbersome to adjust and lacks an effective way to adjust the position and direction of the rotary cutting blade at any time, resulting in untimely avoidance and causing arterial damage, rupture and bleeding; (5) The intravascular positioning of the guidewire and rotary cutting equipment in the past relies on DSA technology. The planar image presented by DSA can only provide two-dimensional position information of the device at a fixed position, lacking the third-dimensional depth information. It has limitations and cannot efficiently confirm the position of the device in the three-dimensional space of the vascular cavity. Summary of the Invention

[0007] Based on this, it is necessary to provide an adjustable tunneling device for opening arterial occlusion in order to address the above technical problems.

[0008] An adjustable tunneling device for opening blocked arteries, comprising:

[0009] The working part includes a drill bit, a propulsion system, and a pipeline. The drill bit is used to cut the plaque during rotation to open the artery. The propulsion system is used to drive the drill bit to evenly cut the plaque. The pipeline is used to supply the drill bit with drugs and absorb plaque debris.

[0010] The outer sheath is covered on the outside of the working part. The outer sheath can adjust the propulsion direction of the working part and is also used to support and fix the working part.

[0011] In one embodiment, the drill bit comprises:

[0012] A cutter head, wherein the front surface of the cutter head is smooth and the rear surface of the cutter head is rough for rotational grinding;

[0013] a transmission rod, one end of which is connected to the cutter head, and the other end of which is connected to a first power source, wherein the first power source can drive the cutter head to rotate via the transmission rod;

[0014] The tool holder has multiple rack grooves on the left and right sides of its interior, the rack grooves cooperate with the propulsion system, the tool head is movably clamped on the end face of the tool holder, and the transmission rod movably passes through the center position of the tool holder.

[0015] In one embodiment, the transmission rod is composed of a plurality of metal wires with a certain bending flexibility, and the transmission rod has the rigidity to rotate around the axis.

[0016] In one embodiment, the knife holder is provided with first to third reserved holes, the first reserved hole is located at the center of the knife holder, and an engaging groove is provided inside the first reserved hole, the transmission rod is provided with an outwardly protruding flange, the flange is clamped in the engaging groove, and the second reserved hole and the third reserved hole are connected to the pipe.

[0017] In one embodiment, the propulsion system comprises:

[0018] Gear base;

[0019] a gear set installed in the gear base, the gear set comprising a right first gear, a right second gear, a central gear, a left second gear and a left first gear meshed in sequence, the right first gear and the left first gear being provided with a worm, the worm being meshed with the rack groove;

[0020] A transmission sleeve, one end of which is connected to the central gear, the other end of which is connected to the second power source, and the transmission sleeve is sleeved on the outside of the transmission rod.

[0021] In one embodiment, the pipeline comprises:

[0022] A liquid feeding pipe is fixed in the second reserved hole, and one end of the liquid feeding pipe is connected to the liquid feeding water pump;

[0023] The liquid suction pipe is fixed in the third reserved hole, and one end of the liquid suction pipe is connected to the liquid suction water pump.

[0024] In one embodiment, the liquid feeding pipe and the liquid suction pipe are curved and flexible polymer pipes.

[0025] In one embodiment, the outer sheath comprises:

[0026] The working portion sheath has a limiting groove provided inside along the length direction, and the outer surface of the knife seat has a limiting ridge provided along the length direction, and the limiting ridge cooperates with the limiting groove;

[0027] A guide sheath, the front end of which is connected to the working part sheath, the inner circumference of the guide sheath is provided with a plurality of through-holes, a guide wire is passed through the through-holes, one end of the guide wire is fixed at the connection between the guide sheath and the working part sheath, and the other end of the guide wire extends to the outside of the guide sheath, and the guide wire can adjust the deflection direction of the working part;

[0028] The support sheath comprises a support sheath body and a support airbag. A hole groove is opened on the side of the support sheath body, and the support airbag is fixed at the hole groove.

[0029] In one embodiment, a sensor is further provided at the front of the working part sheath.

[0030] The above-mentioned adjustable directional excavation device for opening arterial occlusion does not require a guidewire to pass through the occluded artery first, but directly opens the artery by grinding the plaque through the working part. The outer sheath can adjust the propulsion direction of the working part to increase the flexibility of the propulsion direction. The outer sheath can also support and fix the working part to increase its working stability, so that the working part can adapt to different shapes of blood vessels, plaques of different hardness, and clearance requirements in different directions. At the same time, the present invention can also meet the clinician's needs for simultaneous and one-step blood vessel opening and plaque clearance, improve the convenience of equipment operation and the uniformity and thoroughness of plaque clearance, and has the advantages of greatly reducing the difficulty of surgery, shortening operation time, eliminating the need for stent implantation in patients, and reducing the long-term exposure of surgeons to X-rays. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0032] FIG1 is a schematic structural diagram of an adjustable tunneling device for opening an arterial occlusion according to the present invention;

[0033] FIG2 is a cross-sectional view of an adjustable tunneling device for opening an arterial occlusion according to the present invention;

[0034] FIG3 is an exploded view of the adjustable tunneling device for opening an arterial occlusion according to the present invention;

[0035] FIG4 is a schematic diagram of the combination of the propulsion system and the drill bit of the present invention;

[0036] FIG5 is a schematic structural diagram of a propulsion system of the present invention;

[0037] FIG6 is an exploded view of the propulsion system of the present invention;

[0038] FIG7 is a schematic structural diagram of a pipeline according to the present invention;

[0039] FIG8 is a schematic diagram of the state of adjusting the propulsion direction of the adjustable driving device for opening an arterial occlusion according to the present invention;

[0040] FIG9 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the adjustable tunneling device for opening an arterial occlusion according to the present invention;

[0041] FIG10 is a schematic structural diagram of a cutter head of the present invention;

[0042] In FIG11 , FIG11a , FIG11b and FIG11c are respectively a structural schematic diagram, a side view and a cross-sectional view of the propulsion portion of the present invention in a pushing state. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] To facilitate understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be described more fully below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Preferred embodiments of the present invention are shown in the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention may be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to provide a more thorough and comprehensive understanding of the present disclosure.

[0044] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being “fixed to” another element, it may be directly on the other element or there may be an intermediate element. When an element is referred to as being “connected to” another element, it may be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intermediate element.

[0045] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art of the present invention. The terms used in this specification of the present invention are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0046] 1-11 , an embodiment of the present invention provides an adjustable tunneling device for opening an arterial occlusion, comprising:

[0047] The working part 1 includes a drill bit 11, a propulsion system 12, and a pipeline 13. The drill bit 11 is used to cut plaque and open the artery when rotating. The propulsion system 12 is used to drive the drill bit 11 to evenly cut the plaque. The pipeline 13 is used to supply the drill bit 11 with drugs and absorb plaque debris.

[0048] The outer sheath 2 is covered on the outside of the working part 1. The outer sheath 2 can adjust the propulsion direction of the working part 1. The outer sheath 2 is also used to support and fix the working part 1 to prevent damage to the normal blood vessel wall (the tunica media and the adventitia).

[0049] The above-mentioned adjustable directional excavation device for opening arterial occlusion does not require a guidewire to pass through the occluded artery first, but directly uses the working part 1 to grind the plaque and open the artery at the same time. The outer sheath 2 can adjust the propulsion direction of the working part 1 to increase the flexibility of the propulsion direction. The outer sheath 2 can also support and fix the working part 1 to increase its working stability, so that the working part 1 can adapt to blood vessels of different shapes, plaques of different hardness, and clearance requirements in different directions. At the same time, the present invention can also meet the clinician's needs for simultaneous and one-step blood vessel opening and plaque clearance, improve the convenience of equipment operation and the uniform and thorough plaque clearance, and has the advantages of greatly reducing the difficulty of surgery, shortening surgery time, exempting patients from stent implantation, and reducing long-term exposure of surgeons to X-rays.

[0050] In one embodiment of the present invention, the drill bit 11 comprises:

[0051] A cutting head 111, wherein the front surface of the cutting head 111 is smooth and the rear surface of the cutting head 111 is rough for rotational grinding;

[0052] a transmission rod 112, one end of which is connected to the cutter head 111, and the other end of which is connected to a first power source, so that the first power source can drive the cutter head 111 to rotate via the transmission rod 112;

[0053] The blade holder 113 has multiple rack grooves 1131 on its left and right sides, respectively. The rack grooves 1131 cooperate with the propulsion system 12. The blade head 111 is movably mounted on the end surface of the blade holder 113, and the transmission rod 112 movably passes through the center of the blade holder 113. Optionally, the blade holder 113 is a rigid column.

[0054] In this embodiment, a cutter head 111 is located in front of the drill bit 11. Its surface, including but not limited to disc-shaped, conical, or cylindrical structures, possesses a sharp edge and is capable of both cutting and abrading when rotated. A first power source (motor) drives the cutter head 111 via a transmission rod 112 for rotational cutting. A position limiter is provided adjacent to the cutter head 111 to prevent it from being driven forward or backward by the propulsion system 12.

[0055] In one embodiment of the present invention, the transmission rod 112 is composed of a plurality of metal wires with a certain degree of bending flexibility, and the transmission rod 112 has a certain degree of rigidity for rotation around its axis. This not only provides the transmission rod 112 with a certain degree of flexibility, allowing it to bend synchronously when the outer sheath 2 adjusts the propulsion direction of the working part 1, but also provides the transmission rod 112 with a certain degree of rigidity for rotation around its axis, thereby ensuring that the power of the first power source (motor) can be reliably transmitted to the cutting head 111 through the transmission rod 112.

[0056] In one embodiment of the present invention, the knife seat 113 is provided with first to third reserved holes 1134, the first reserved hole 1132 is located at the center of the knife seat 113, and the interior of the first reserved hole 1132 is provided with an interlocking groove 1135, and the transmission rod 112 is provided with an outwardly protruding flange 1121, and the flange 1121 is clamped in the interlocking groove 1135, and the second reserved hole 1133 and the third reserved hole 1134 are connected to the pipe 13.

[0057] In this embodiment, the flange 1121 is locked in the engaging groove 1135 , so that the cutter head 111 can be installed on the cutter seat 113 and can rotate freely in the cutter seat 113 .

[0058] In one embodiment of the present invention, the propulsion system 12 includes:

[0059] Gear base 121;

[0060] A gear set 122 is installed in the gear base 121. The gear set 122 includes a right first gear 1221, a right second gear 1222, a center gear 1223, a left second gear 1224, and a left first gear 1225 that are meshed in sequence. A worm 1226 is provided on the right first gear 1221 and the left first gear 1225. The worm 1226 meshes with the rack groove 1131.

[0061] A transmission sleeve 123 , one end of which is connected to the central gear 1223 , and the other end of which is connected to the second power source, and the transmission sleeve 123 is sleeved on the outside of the transmission rod 112 .

[0062] In this embodiment, the gear base 121 is a rigid base having reserved holes for the transmission rod 112 and the transmission sleeve 123, and corresponding holes for mounting the gear set 122. The side opening of the gear base 121 is used to expose the worm 1226, so that the worm 1226 can mesh with the rack groove 1131. Optionally, the central gear 1223 is a hollow gear, within which the transmission rod 112 can pass and rotate freely.

[0063] It should be noted that the transmission sleeve 123 in this embodiment is a hollow, cylindrical metal sleeve with a certain degree of bending flexibility. The transmission sleeve 123 is entirely sleeved around the outside of the transmission rod 112, and the two rotate independently of each other. Driven by the second power source, the rotational force is transmitted to the central gear 1223, which in turn drives the right first gear 1221 and the left first gear 1225 to rotate, and the worm 1226 to move.

[0064] In one embodiment of the present invention, the pipeline 13 includes:

[0065] The liquid feeding pipe 131 is fixed in the second reserved hole 1133, and one end of the liquid feeding pipe 131 is connected to the liquid feeding pump; it is used to inject physiological saline, contrast agent and other drugs into the cavity.

[0066] The liquid suction pipe 132 is fixed in the third reserved hole 1134, and one end of the liquid suction pipe 132 is connected to the liquid suction pump to suck out the cut plaque debris and other foreign matter in the cavity.

[0067] In one embodiment of the present invention, the liquid supply pipe 131 and the liquid suction pipe 132 are flexible polymer pipes, so that the liquid supply pipe 131 and the liquid suction pipe 132 can be bent and adjusted as the propulsion direction is adjusted.

[0068] In one embodiment of the present invention, the outer sheath 2 comprises:

[0069] The working portion sheath 21 has a limiting groove 211 formed inside along the length direction, and the outer surface of the blade holder 113 has a limiting ridge 1136 formed along the length direction, and the limiting ridge 1136 cooperates with the limiting groove 211;

[0070] A guide sheath 22, the front end of which is connected to the working part sheath 21, and a plurality of wire holes 221 are provided in the inner circumference of the guide sheath 22, wherein a guide wire 222 is passed through the wire hole 221, and one end of the guide wire 222 is fixed at the connection between the guide sheath 22 and the working part sheath 21, and the other end of the guide wire 222 extends to the outside of the guide sheath 22, and the guide wire 222 can adjust the deflection direction of the working part 1;

[0071] The support sheath 23 includes a support sheath body 231 and a support airbag 232 . A hole is formed on the side of the support sheath body 231 , and the support airbag 232 is fixed at the hole.

[0072] In this embodiment, the working part sheath 21 is made of a cylindrical hard polymer material, and has a limiting groove 211 on the inside that is engaged with the outside of the propulsion system 12, limiting the tool holder 113 from sliding forward and backward without rolling itself, and assisting the tool holder 113 and the drill bit 11 in moving forward and backward stably.

[0073] Optionally, the guide sheath 22 is a tubular soft polymer material, the front end of which is tightly connected to the working part sheath 21, and has excellent deflection and pitch characteristics, and has certain anti-roll characteristics; the sheath contains several guide wires 222, and by pulling the guide wire 222 on one side, the overall direction of the working part 1 is deflected toward the corresponding direction of the guide wire 222, and the degree of deflection is determined by the degree of pulling of the guide wire 222.

[0074] It should be noted that the support sheath 23 in this embodiment is a tubular polymer material containing a hole opening on the side. The support airbag 232 is connected to, including but not limited to, an air pump and a water pump. The support airbag 232 can be injected and expanded by gas and liquid to support and fix the device in the lumen.

[0075] In one embodiment of the present invention, a sensor is further provided at the front of the working portion sheath 21. The sensor includes but is not limited to an ultrasound probe, a photosensitive CMOS / CCD, an OCT and other components to assist in determining the positioning of the instrument tip.

[0076] The working process of the present invention is as follows:

[0077] 1) The tunneling device and the following equipment are sterilized using ethylene oxide or other methods, and contrast agents are prepared;

[0078] 2) The guidewire sheath is positioned proximal to the target lesion. Protected by the outer sheath 2, the working portion 1 enters the target artery through the femoral artery, contacts the plaque, and, using the guide sheath 22 to adjust the front end of the working portion 1, gradually advances to the site of the occluded plaque. Contrast agent is then injected through the fluid supply line 131 to perform angiography and clearly define the target lesion. Optionally, the location and morphology of the lesion can be displayed in conjunction with positional information provided by the front-end sensor.

[0079] 3) Start the air / liquid-filled support balloon 232 to relatively fix the position of the guide sheath 22 of the tunneling device, while blocking the proximal blood flow and preventing distal arterial embolism caused by debris falling off during plaque rotation;

[0080] 4) Based on the acquired information on the location of the plaque and the morphology of the blood vessels, the driving direction of the working part 1 is adjusted by controlling the pulling of the guide wire 222, and the entire device is rotated around the central axis to enable the drilling bit 11 to reach the ideal opening position;

[0081] 5) Excavation action: The following components are started simultaneously: (1) The first power source is started, and the drive rod 112 drives the cutter head 111 to rotate to reach the working speed; (2) The second power source is started, and the gear set 122 is driven through the transmission sleeve 123, thereby pushing the cutter head 111 forward; (3) The liquid supply pump is started, and the liquid supply pump drives the physiological saline and other liquids required for the operation to be infused into the cavity; (4) The liquid suction pump is started, and the liquid suction pump sucks water, generating negative pressure to suck the infused liquid and the plaque fragments cut by the cutter head out of the blood vessels;

[0082] 6) The first power source is turned off, the second power source is reversed, and the propulsion system 12 returns to its original position. The operator or related equipment then drives the device to move forward along the excavated plaque space.

[0083] 7) Continue steps 3 to 6 to completely remove debris from the lumen;

[0084] 8) Use sensors and angiography to determine whether the effect of blood vessel opening is satisfactory;

[0085] 9) Pumping air / liquid to deflate the support airbag 232 and remove the fixing device to facilitate subsequent movement;

[0086] 10) Remove the device along the arterial cavity, seal the puncture site to stop bleeding, and apply pressure bandage to the puncture site.

[0087] The technical features of the above-mentioned embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. In order to make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-mentioned embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0088] The above-described embodiments merely illustrate several implementations of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that a person skilled in the art would be able to make various modifications and improvements without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and these modifications and improvements fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention shall be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. An adjustable excavation device for opening blocked arteries, characterized in that: include: The working part includes a drill bit, a propulsion system and a pipeline, wherein the drill bit is used to cut the plaque during rotation to open the artery, the propulsion system is used to drive the drill bit to propel and evenly cut the plaque, and the pipeline is used to supply medicine to the drill bit and absorb plaque debris; An outer sheath is covered on the outside of the working part. The outer sheath can adjust the propulsion direction of the working part, and the outer sheath is also used to support and fix the working part.

2. The adjustable excavation device for opening blocked arteries according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drill bit comprises: A cutter head, wherein the front surface of the cutter head is smooth and the rear surface of the cutter head is rough for rotary grinding; A transmission rod, one end of which is connected to the cutter head, and the other end of which is connected to a first power source, wherein the first power source can drive the cutter head to rotate through the transmission rod; A tool holder, wherein a plurality of rack grooves are respectively arranged on the left and right sides of the interior of the tool holder, the rack grooves cooperate with the propulsion system, the tool head is movably clamped on the end surface of the tool holder, and the transmission rod movably passes through the center position of the tool holder.

3. The adjustable excavation device for opening blocked arteries according to claim 2, characterized in that: The transmission rod is composed of a plurality of metal wires with certain bending flexibility, and the transmission rod has the rigidity of rotating around the axis.

4. The adjustable excavation device for opening blocked arteries according to claim 3, characterized in that: The knife seat is provided with first to third reserved holes, the first reserved hole is located at the center of the knife seat, and an engaging groove is provided inside the first reserved hole, the transmission rod is provided with an outwardly protruding flange, and the flange is clamped in the engaging groove, and the second reserved hole and the third reserved hole are connected to the pipeline.

5. The adjustable excavation device for opening blocked arteries according to claim 4, characterized in that: The propulsion system comprises: Gear base; A gear set is installed in the gear base, the gear set includes a right first gear, a right second gear, a central gear, a left second gear and a left first gear meshed in sequence, the right first gear and the left first gear are provided with a worm, and the worm is meshed with the rack groove; A transmission sleeve, one end of which is connected to the central gear, the other end of which is connected to the second power source, and the transmission sleeve is sleeved on the outside of the transmission rod.

6. The adjustable excavation device for opening blocked arteries according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that: The pipeline includes: A liquid supply pipe is fixed in the second reserved hole, and one end of the liquid supply pipe is connected to the liquid supply water pump; The liquid suction pipeline is fixed in the third reserved hole, and one end of the liquid suction pipeline is connected to the liquid suction water pump.

7. The adjustable excavation device for opening blocked arteries according to claim 6, characterized in that: The liquid supply pipeline and the liquid suction pipeline are curved and flexible polymer pipelines.

8. The adjustable excavation device for opening blocked arteries according to claim 6, characterized in that: The outer sheath comprises: The working part sheath has a limiting groove inside along the length direction, and the outer surface of the knife seat has a limiting convex strip along the length direction, and the limiting convex strip matches the limiting groove; A guide sheath, the front end of which is connected to the working part sheath, the inner circumference of the guide sheath is provided with a plurality of through-wire holes, the through-wire holes are provided with guide wires, one end of the guide wire is fixed at the connection between the guide sheath and the working part sheath, the other end of the guide wire extends to the outside of the guide sheath, and the guide wire can adjust the deflection direction of the working part; The support sheath comprises a support sheath body and a support airbag. A hole groove is opened on the side of the support sheath body, and the support airbag is fixed at the hole groove.

9. The adjustable excavation device for opening blocked arteries according to claim 8, characterized in that: A sensor is also provided at the front of the working part sheath.

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