Fitting and method for designing fitting

Abstract

The objective of the present invention is to provide a fitting having excellent environmental performance.　A double sliding window 1 has a long right stile 60. The right stile 60 includes: an outdoor frame portion 61 formed from a metal material; an indoor frame portion 62 provided on the indoor side of the outdoor frame portion 61 and formed from a metal material; and bridge portions 63 provided between the outdoor frame portion 61 and the indoor frame portion 62 to connect the outdoor frame portion 61 and the indoor frame portion 62. When the right stile 60 is divided into three equal parts in the vertical direction, namely a first region A31, a second region A32, and a third region A33, the plurality of regions include regions (the second region A32 and the third region A33) in which the bridge portions 63 are arranged more densely, and a region (the first region A1) in which the bridge portions 63 are arranged more sparsely.

Description

Fittings and fittings design methods

[0001] The present disclosure relates to building fixtures and building fixture design methods.

[0002] Conventionally, from the viewpoint of energy conservation, decarbonization, low-carbonization, etc., there has been a demand for fittings with improved thermal insulation performance. In response to this demand, fittings have been known that have an indoor frame located on the indoor side and an outdoor frame located on the outdoor side, which are spaced apart from each other, and a bridge material made of a resin with low thermal conductivity is placed between the indoor frame and the outdoor frame (see, for example, Patent Document 1). This bridge material blocks heat conduction between the indoor frame and the outdoor frame, thereby achieving excellent thermal insulation performance.

[0003] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2019-167699

[0004] In recent years, the SDGs have become a global issue, and there has been an increasing demand for decarbonization and low-carbonization, as well as resource recycling, in building materials. Therefore, there is a demand for building materials that are suitable for insulation and can be easily recycled in line with resource recycling. However, in the building materials described in Patent Document 1, the bridge material is made of resin. From the perspective of facilitating recycling, there is a demand for reducing or replacing the amount of resin used. Thus, the building materials described in Patent Document 1 have room for improvement in terms of environmental performance.

[0005] The present disclosure aims to provide building materials and building materials design methods that are environmentally friendly.

[0006] The present disclosure relates to a fitting to be installed in an opening of a building, comprising a sash formed by framing elongated members which are either frames or frames, the elongated members having an outdoor frame portion made of a metal material, an indoor frame portion also made of a metal material and installed on the indoor side of the outdoor frame portion, and a bridge portion installed between the outdoor frame portion and the indoor frame portion and connecting the outdoor frame portion and the indoor frame portion, the lengthwise direction of the elongated member being the long length direction, and when the elongated member is divided into a plurality of regions aligned in the long length direction, the plurality of regions have regions where the bridge portions are more densely arranged and regions where the bridge portions are more sparsely arranged.

[0007] The present disclosure relates to a method for designing building components, which includes a step of deriving, through topology optimization, an arrangement of regions in the elongated member where the bridge portions are arranged more densely and regions where the bridges are arranged more sparsely.

[0008] Fig. 1 is a front view of the fitting according to the first embodiment as seen from the indoor side. Fig. 2 is a perspective view of a long member according to the first embodiment. Fig. 3 is a perspective view of a long member according to a first modified example of the first embodiment. Fig. 4 is a perspective view of a long member according to a second modified example of the first embodiment.

[0009] First Embodiment Hereinafter, a first embodiment of the present disclosure will be described with reference to the drawings.

[0010] As shown in FIG. 1, an opening 11 formed in the outer wall of a building 10 is provided with a sliding window 1 as a fixture.

[0011] In this specification, "up-down direction" refers to the top-bottom direction. "left-right direction" refers to the left-right direction when looking at the sliding window 1 from inside the room. "Prospect direction" refers to the indoor-outdoor direction of the sliding window 1. "Prospect direction" refers to the surface direction of the surface (e.g., glass 70) that is visible when looking at the sliding window 1 from the front. The prospect direction is also the depth direction of the sliding window 1. The prospect direction is also the up-down, left-right direction. "Prospect surface" refers to a surface that extends perpendicular to the indoor-outdoor direction and is arranged to face the indoor and outdoor sides, respectively. "Prospect surface" refers to a surface that extends along the indoor-outdoor direction.

[0012] The sliding window 1 has a frame 2 arranged around the periphery of the opening 11 and a pair of shoji screens 3 and 8.

[0013] The frame body 2 has an upper frame 21, a lower frame 22, and a pair of left and right vertical frames 23. The upper frame 21, the lower frame 22, and the vertical frames 23 are framed in a rectangular shape. The frame body 2 corresponds to a sash.

[0014] The pair of shoji screens 3, 8 are arranged inside the frame body 2. The pair of shoji screens 3, 8 are double sliding shoji screens, with an outer shoji screen 3 on the outside of the room and an inner shoji screen 8 on the inside of the room. The pair of shoji screens 3, 8 are slidable horizontally inside the frame body 2.

[0015] The outer shoji screen 3 has an upper frame 30, a lower frame 40, a pair of vertical frames 50, 60 on the left and right, and a plate-shaped glass 70 fitted inside the frame of these frames. Of the pair of vertical frames 50, 60, the vertical frame 50 located on the left side is sometimes referred to as the "left vertical frame 50," and the vertical frame 60 located on the right side is sometimes referred to as the "right vertical frame 60."

[0016] The inner shoji screen 8 has an upper frame 81, a lower frame 82, a pair of vertical frames 83, 84, and glass 85 fitted inside the framed frame of these frames. Of the pair of vertical frames 83, 84, the vertical frame 83 located on the left side is sometimes referred to as the "left vertical frame 83," and the vertical frame 84 located on the right side is sometimes referred to as the "right vertical frame 84." The frame formed by framing the upper frame 81, the lower frame 82, and the pair of vertical frames 83, 84 corresponds to the sash.

[0017] When viewed from the inside of the room, the outer shoji screen 3 is located to the left of the inner shoji screen 8. Therefore, the left vertical frame 50 and the right vertical frame 84 are each door edge frames, and the right vertical frame 60 and the left vertical frame 83 are each door edge frames. In addition, the right vertical frame 60 and the left vertical frame 83 are provided with locking / unlocking members 9 that lock and unlock the shoji screens 3 and 8. The locking / unlocking members 9 are, for example, crescent locks. The locking / unlocking members 9 correspond to restricting members.

[0018] Furthermore, the upper frame 21, the lower frame 22, and each vertical frame 23 correspond to a frame body and a long member, respectively. Each upper frame 30, 81, each lower frame 40, 82, and each vertical frame 50, 60, 83, 84 correspond to a frame body and a long member, respectively. For the upper frame 21, the lower frame 22, each upper frame 30, 81, and each lower frame 40, 82, the left-right direction corresponds to the long length direction, and for each vertical frame 23 and each vertical frame 50, 60, 83, 84, the up-down direction corresponds to the long length direction. In this specification, "long member" refers to any of the frame bodies and frame bodies that make up the sash. In the following description, the upper frame 21, the lower frame 22, each vertical frame 23, each upper stile 30, 81, each lower stile 40, 82, and each vertical stile 50, 60, 83, 84 may be simply referred to as "long members."

[0019] Next, we will explain the configuration of each frame that makes up the outer shoji screen 3. Note that the frames of the inner shoji screen 8 and the frames of the frame body 2 can also be configured to correspond to the frames of the outer shoji screen 3.

[0020] In the following description, the elongated member is divided into three equal parts in the longitudinal direction, and of these three parts, the middle part is referred to as the "first part," one part closer to the end is referred to as the "second part," and the other part closer to the end is referred to as the "third part." The first part is a part that includes the center of the elongated member in the longitudinal direction. The second part and the third part are each a part closer to one end of the elongated member in the longitudinal direction than the first part, and each include an end part on that end side. Therefore, the first part corresponds to the first part in the claims, and the second part and the third part correspond to the second part in the claims.

[0021] The first region, the second region, and the third region are each defined as a rectangular prism-shaped space extending in the longitudinal direction (see FIG. 2 ). For example, the first region, the second region, and the third region are defined as spaces obtained by dividing a rectangular prism-shaped space in the longitudinal direction, the rectangular prism-shaped space including sides extending parallel to the longitudinal direction, the rectangular prism-shaped space having longitudinal dimensions equal to the maximum longitudinal dimension of the elongated member, the rectangular prism-shaped space having longitudinal dimensions equal to the maximum longitudinal dimension of the elongated member, and the rectangular prism-shaped space having longitudinal dimensions equal to the maximum longitudinal dimension of the elongated member.

[0022] The right vertical frame 60 is divided into three equal parts in the longitudinal direction (vertical direction), and of these three parts, the middle part is designated as the first part A31, one part on the end side (specifically, the upper part) is designated as the second part A32, and the other part on the end side (specifically, the lower part) is designated as the third part A33. The second part A32 and the third part A33 may be set upside down.

[0023] The left vertical frame 50 is divided into three equal parts in the vertical direction, and of these three parts, the middle part is designated as the first part A21, the upper part is designated as the second part A22, and the lower part is designated as the third part A23. The second part A22 and the third part A33 may be set upside down.

[0024] The upper frame 30 is divided into three equal parts in the left-right direction, and of these three parts, the middle part is designated as the first part A1, the left part is designated as the second part A2, and the right part is designated as the third part A3. The second part A2 and the third part A3 may be set in the reversed left-right direction.

[0025] The lower frame 40 is divided into three equal parts in the left-right direction, and of these three parts, the middle part is designated as the first part A11, the left part is designated as the second part A12, and the right part is designated as the third part A13. The second part A12 and the third part A13 may be set in the reversed left-right direction.

[0026] As shown in Figure 2, the right vertical frame 60 is divided into two parts in the indoor / outdoor direction, and has an outdoor frame portion 61, an indoor frame portion 62 provided on the indoor side of the outdoor frame portion 61, and a bridge portion 63 provided between the outdoor frame portion 61 and the indoor frame portion 62 and connecting the outdoor frame portion 61 and the indoor frame portion 62.

[0027] The outdoor frame portion 61 and the indoor frame portion 62 are both elongated frame members. The outdoor frame portion 61 and the indoor frame portion 62 are both made of a metal material, more specifically, aluminum.

[0028] The structure and arrangement of the bridge portions are optimized to ensure the strength of the elongated members efficiently using a smaller amount of material. The structure of the bridge portions will be described below.

[0029] The density of material required for each portion of a long member can be virtually determined using commercially available analysis applications. Specifically, the design method for building fixtures involves first setting an initial configuration for the long member. Any configuration can be set as the initial configuration. Next, the long member in the initial configuration is divided into multiple meshes. Each mesh represents a space in which materials can be placed. Next, topology optimization is used to derive optimal layouts for regions of the long member where bridges are densely arranged and regions where bridges are sparsely arranged. More specifically, the optimal amount of material for the bridges is derived for each of the multiple meshes, and the configuration of the long member is optimized. In this process, various functions are set, for example, to minimize the amount of material for the bridges while ensuring the required strength of the long member. Optimization conditions may include simplifying the shape of the long member and minimizing the number of parts in the long member. These optimizations allow the configuration of the long member to be optimized. Furthermore, stress analysis may be performed on the long member with the configuration derived by topology optimization. The configuration of the long member may be further modified based on the results of the stress analysis. Similarly, further thermal analysis may be performed on the elongated members, and the configuration of the elongated members may be modified.

[0030] Furthermore, in this specification, among the multiple regions obtained by dividing a long member in the longitudinal direction, the region in which the value obtained by dividing the total mass of the bridge portions arranged within that region by the volume of that region is larger is a region in which the bridges are arranged more densely, and the region in which the value obtained by dividing the total mass of the bridge portions within that region by the volume of that region is smaller is a region in which the bridges are arranged more sparsely.

[0031] The bridge portion 63 has truss structure portions 64 formed in a truss shape. In the bridge portion 63, the truss structure portions 64 are provided in pairs in the left-right direction. Each truss structure portion 64 is configured by a plurality of beam portions 65 arranged in a truss shape, connecting the outdoor frame portion 61 and the indoor frame portion 62. Each truss structure portion 64 is formed from a metal material, specifically, aluminum.

[0032] A plurality of bridge portions 63 are arranged at intervals in the vertical direction, and more specifically, four bridge portions 63 are provided.

[0033] Two bridge portions 63 are provided in the first region A31. The two bridge portions 63 are arranged with a gap between them in the vertical middle of the first region A31. Note that in the first region A31, the bridge portions 63 are not arranged in the regions near the vertical ends of the first region A31 or in the vertical center of the first region A31.

[0034] The second region A32 is provided with one bridge portion 63. The bridge portion 63 is disposed from the upper end of the second region A32 to the middle portion of the lower part of the second region A32. Note that in the second region A32, the bridge portion 63 is not disposed in the region near the lower end of the second region A32.

[0035] Furthermore, in the second region A32, the longitudinal dimension (vertical dimension) of each triangle constituting the truss structure of the bridge portion 63 varies depending on the region. In the second region A32, the vertical dimension of each triangle constituting the truss structure of the bridge portion 63 is smaller near the vertical center of the second region A32 than in other regions of the second region A32. Therefore, in the second region A32, the bridge portions 63 are arranged more densely near the vertical center of the second region A32 than in other regions of the second region A32.

[0036] The total mass of the bridge portions 63 arranged in the second region A32 is greater than the total mass of the bridge portions 63 arranged in the first region A31. Therefore, in the right vertical stile 60, the bridge portions 63 are arranged more densely in the second region A32 than in the first region A31. In other words, when the right vertical stile 60 is divided into multiple regions (first region A31 and second region A32) aligned in the vertical direction, the multiple regions include a region (second region A32) where the bridge portions 63 are arranged more densely and a region (first region A31) where the bridge portions 63 are arranged more sparsely.

[0037] One bridge portion 63 is provided in the third region A33. The right vertical frame 60 has a vertically symmetrical configuration. Therefore, in the right vertical frame 60, the configuration of the third region A33 is a vertically inverted configuration of the second region A32. In other words, the total mass of the bridge portions 63 arranged in the third region A33 is greater than the total mass of the bridge portions 63 arranged in the first region A31. Therefore, in the right vertical frame 60, the bridge portions 63 are arranged more densely in the third region A33 than in the first region A31. A detailed description of the configuration of the bridge portions 63 in the third region A33 will be omitted.

[0038] Furthermore, by using the topology optimization described above, it is possible to consider that the portion where the bridge portions are arranged is a portion of the elongated member that requires a relatively high strength, and that the portion where the bridge portions are arranged more densely is a portion of the elongated member that requires even higher strength.

[0039] Therefore, the middle part of the first region A31, the second region A32, and the third region A33 are considered to be parts of the right vertical frame 60 that require relatively high strength. The second region A32 and the third region A33 are considered to be parts of the right vertical frame 60 that require especially high strength.

[0040] Furthermore, it is believed that external forces are likely to act on the portion of the right vertical stile 60 where the locking / unlocking member 9 is located. The locking / unlocking member 9 is located in the first region A31. Therefore, it is preferable that the first region A31 be reinforced. Furthermore, when an opening / closing mechanism or component arrangement is included, as in the case of the elongated member in this case, it is considered preferable that bridge portions be located primarily near the opening / closing mechanism, etc., even if they are not at the longitudinal ends. It is possible to confirm which portions of a building fixture are likely to be subjected to external forces using commercially available analysis software.

[0041] In the right vertical stile 60, bridge portions 63 are arranged in these areas requiring high strength, and the bridge portions 63 are arranged more densely in areas requiring particularly high strength. This ensures the strength of the elongated member. On the other hand, in areas of the right vertical stile 60 requiring less strength, the bridge portions 63 are either arranged more sparsely than in areas of the right vertical stile 60 requiring strength, or are not arranged at all. This reduces the amount of material used for the bridge portions. In this way, by varying the density of the amount of material used for the bridge portions at different locations on the elongated member, it is possible to provide elongated members that can reduce the amount of material used while ensuring sufficient strength. This makes it possible to provide building materials with excellent environmental performance.

[0042] The bridge portion 63 is made of metal, and the right vertical frame 60 is made entirely of metal. Metal can be easily recycled, which further improves the environmental performance of the fixture.

[0043] In addition, a thermal insulator may be provided in the region between the outdoor frame portion 61 and the indoor frame portion 62. This further suppresses heat transfer between the indoor and outdoor spaces. In this case, for example, the thermal insulator is provided in the longitudinal midsection of each beam portion 65, and the beam portions 65 are divided at their longitudinal midsections and connected via the thermal insulator. The thermal insulator may be, for example, a small piece formed of a material having insulating properties. However, the shape of the thermal insulator is not particularly limited and can be selected appropriately depending on the required quality, etc. For example, the thermal insulator may be formed in a long strip. Furthermore, the thermal insulator may be disposed in the space surrounded by the outdoor frame portion 61, the indoor frame portion 62, and the pair of truss structure portions 64 in the left-right direction. In this case, for example, the thermal insulator may be a thermal insulator containing an aerogel component. As such, the thermal insulator itself does not need to be highly strong, providing a great degree of freedom in the selection of the thermal insulator. The type of the thermal insulator is not particularly limited and can be selected appropriately.

[0044] The left vertical frame 50, the upper frame 30, and the lower frame 40 each have a configuration that generally corresponds to the right vertical frame 60. Below, the configurations of the left vertical frame 50, the upper frame 30, and the lower frame 40 will be described, focusing on the differences from the right vertical frame 60.

[0045] The left vertical frame 50 further has a vibration prevention member 54 on its door tip side. In addition, the left vertical frame 23 has a rail (not shown) that protrudes toward the outer shoji screen 3. The vibration prevention member 54 has an open groove portion (not shown) on the left side. At least a portion of the rail is housed in this groove portion. This makes it possible to suppress vibration of the outer shoji screen 3. The vibration prevention member 54 corresponds to a limiting member.

[0046] Two anti-vibration members 54 are provided at a distance in the vertical direction. One of the two anti-vibration members 54 is provided in the second area A22, and the other is provided in the third area A23. The anti-vibration members are members that limit the movement of the shoji screen. The external forces acting on the elongated member at the location where the anti-vibration member is provided are particularly large.

[0047] The bridge portion 53 of the left vertical frame 50 is provided in at least the second region A22 and the third region A23. The bridge portion 53 is disposed in the left vertical frame 50 at a portion that is at the same vertical position as the portion where the anti-vibration member 54 is provided. This makes it possible to reinforce the portion of the elongated member where the anti-vibration member is provided, which tends to be particularly susceptible to large external forces.

[0048] In addition, the longitudinal middle region of the elongated member is considered to be a region that does not require as much strength as the end regions. Furthermore, in the case of the left vertical stile 50, the first region A21 does not include any components that restrict the movement of the shoji screen, such as locking / unlocking components or anti-vibration components. Therefore, in the left vertical stile 50, the mass of the bridge portion 53 located in the first region A21 can be set relatively small. In this case, the amount of material for the bridge portion can be reduced while avoiding insufficient strength of the elongated member.

[0049] The upper frame 30 differs from the right vertical frame 60 in that its longitudinal direction is the left-right direction. Similar to the left vertical frame 50 and the left-side vertical frame 23, the upper frame 30 also has two anti-sway members 34 (corresponding to restricting members). The upper frame 21 has a rail (not shown) that protrudes toward the outer screen 3. One of the anti-sway members 34 is provided in the second region A2, and the other is provided in the third region A3.

[0050] The bridge portion 33 of the upper frame 30 is provided in at least the second region A2 and the third region A3. The bridge portion 33 is disposed in a portion of the upper frame 30 that is in the same left-right position as the portion where the anti-vibration member 34 is provided.

[0051] The bottom frame 40 differs from the right vertical frame 60 in that its longitudinal direction is the left-right direction. The bottom frame 40 further has door rollers 44. Two door rollers 44 are provided spaced apart in the left-right direction. One of the two door rollers 44 is provided in the second area A12, and the other is provided in the third area A13.

[0052] The bridge portions 43 of the lower frame 40 are provided at least in the second region A12 and the third region A13. The bridge portions 43 are arranged in the portion of the lower frame 40 that is in the same left-right position as the portion where the door rollers 44 are provided. This makes it possible to reinforce the portion of the elongated member where the door rollers are provided, which tends to be particularly susceptible to large external forces.

[0053] The positions at which the anti-sway members 34, 54 and the door rollers 44 are provided on the shoji screen are not limited to the positions described above, but can be changed as appropriate.

[0054] Furthermore, the total mass of the bridge portion 63 of the right vertical frame 60 is the largest among the total mass of the bridge portion 33 of the upper frame 30, the total mass of the bridge portion 43 of the lower frame 40, the total mass of the bridge portion 53 of the left vertical frame 50, and the total mass of the bridge portion 63 of the right vertical frame 60. This makes it possible to reinforce the joint frame, which is considered to be the frame that requires particularly high strength among the frames of the shoji screen installed in a double sliding window. Furthermore, by relatively reducing the bridge portions of the frames other than the joint frame, it is possible to reduce the amount of insulation material used in the shoji screen. This makes it possible to provide a shoji screen with excellent environmental performance.

[0055] According to this embodiment, the following effects are achieved.

[0056] According to this embodiment, when the right vertical frame 60 is divided into multiple regions aligned in the vertical direction, the multiple regions include regions where the bridge portions 63 are more densely arranged and regions where the bridge portions 63 are more sparsely arranged. For example, the bridge portions 63 are more densely arranged in the second region A32 than in the first region A31.

[0057] It is believed that long members have areas requiring high strength and areas requiring relatively little strength. Therefore, by varying the density of the amount of material in the bridge sections depending on the area of ​​the long member, the long member can be reinforced efficiently. Specifically, in the right vertical stile 60, the bridge sections 63 can be arranged more densely in areas requiring high strength, thereby improving the strength of the right vertical stile 60, and the bridge sections 63 can be arranged more sparsely in areas requiring relatively little strength, thereby reducing the amount of material for the bridge sections 63. This allows the amount of material to be reduced while maintaining sufficient strength.

[0058] Therefore, it is possible to provide building materials with excellent environmental performance.

[0059] According to this embodiment, for example, the right vertical frame 60 has an outdoor frame portion 61 made of a metal material, an indoor frame portion 62 also made of a metal material and provided on the indoor side of the outdoor frame portion 61, and a bridge portion 63 provided between the outdoor frame portion 61 and the indoor frame portion 62 and connecting the outdoor frame portion 61 and the indoor frame portion 62. A plurality of bridge portions of the right vertical frame 60 are provided at intervals in the vertical direction.

[0060] This allows for a reduction in the amount of material used for the bridge portion 63 compared to when the bridge portion 63 is disposed across the entire vertical area of ​​the right vertical frame 60. Therefore, it is possible to provide a fitting with excellent environmental performance.

[0061] Furthermore, in areas where the bridge portions 63 are not located, heat transfer between indoors and outdoors can be suppressed, thereby improving the thermal insulation performance of the elongated members. Even in areas where the bridge portions 63 are located, the bridge portions 63 have a truss structure, and the amount of material for the bridge portions 63 is kept small to the extent that the strength of the right vertical frame 60 can be ensured, thereby suppressing heat transfer between indoors and outdoors.

[0062] According to this embodiment, the total mass of the bridge portions 63 arranged in the first area A31 and the total mass of the bridge portions 63 arranged in the second area A32 are different from each other.

[0063] As a result, since the required strength is thought to differ between the first region A31 and the second region A32, the bridge portions 63 can be arranged more densely in the region requiring higher strength, and more sparsely in the region requiring lower strength. This makes it possible to reduce the amount of material for the bridge portions while ensuring the strength of the elongated members, thereby providing building materials with excellent environmental performance.

[0064] Furthermore, in the region where the bridge portions are more sparsely arranged, heat transfer between the indoor and outdoor spaces can be suppressed, thereby improving the heat insulating performance of the elongated member.

[0065] According to this embodiment, a bridge portion 53 is arranged in a portion of the left vertical frame 50 that is at the same vertical position as the portion where the anti-vibration member 54 is provided.

[0066] This makes it possible to reinforce areas of the elongated member where components that can limit the movement of the shoji screen, such as anti-vibration components, are installed, which tend to be particularly susceptible to large external forces.

[0067] According to this embodiment, a bridge portion 43 is arranged in a portion of the lower frame 40 that is at the same left-right position as the portion where the door roller 44 is provided.

[0068] This makes it possible to reinforce the area of ​​the elongated member where the door rollers are provided, which tends to be particularly susceptible to large external forces.

[0069] (First Modification of First Embodiment) A first modification of the first embodiment of the present disclosure will be described below. Differences from the first embodiment will be mainly described below. Descriptions of configurations similar to those of the first embodiment may be omitted.

[0070] In this modified example, the configuration of the elongated member is different from that of the first embodiment. The left vertical frame 100 will be described below as an example. The left vertical frame 100 corresponds to a frame and an elongated member.

[0071] 3, the bridge portion 130 of the left vertical frame 100 has a first rod-shaped member 131, a second rod-shaped member 132, a third rod-shaped member 133, a fourth rod-shaped member 134, and a fifth rod-shaped member 135. The first rod-shaped member 131, the second rod-shaped member 132, the third rod-shaped member 133, the fourth rod-shaped member 134, and the fifth rod-shaped member 135 may be collectively referred to as the "respective rod-shaped members 131, 132, 133, 134, 135."

[0072] Each of the rod-shaped members 131, 132, 133, 134, and 135 has an elongated shape extending vertically. The longitudinal dimension of each of the rod-shaped members 131, 132, 133, 134, and 135 is smaller than one-third of the longitudinal dimension of the left vertical frame 100. For example, the longitudinal dimensions of the first rod-shaped member 131, the second rod-shaped member 132, and the third rod-shaped member 133 are each one-fifth of the longitudinal dimension of the left vertical frame 100. The longitudinal dimensions of the fourth rod-shaped member 134 and the fifth rod-shaped member 135 are each one-quarter of the longitudinal dimension of the left vertical frame 100. However, the longitudinal dimensions of the first rod-shaped member 131, the second rod-shaped member 132, and the third rod-shaped member 133 are not limited to 1 / 5 of the longitudinal dimension of the left vertical frame 100. The longitudinal dimensions of the fourth rod-shaped member 134 and the fifth rod-shaped member 135 are not limited to 1 / 4 of the longitudinal dimension of the left vertical frame 100.

[0073] The first rod-shaped member 131, the second rod-shaped member 132, and the third rod-shaped member 133 are all formed from a thermally insulating material, such as bamboo. However, the material is not limited to this, and the first rod-shaped member 131, the second rod-shaped member 132, and the third rod-shaped member 133 may be formed from, for example, carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP). The material forming the first rod-shaped member 131, the second rod-shaped member 132, and the third rod-shaped member 133 preferably has a thermal conductivity of 0.3 W / (m·K) or less, and more preferably 0.25 W / (m·K) or less.

[0074] The fourth rod-shaped member 134 and the fifth rod-shaped member 135 are both bolts. The fourth rod-shaped member 134 and the fifth rod-shaped member 135 are formed from a metal material, for example, aluminum. In this case, the strength of the left vertical frame 100 can be improved. However, this is not a limitation, and the fourth rod-shaped member 134 and the fifth rod-shaped member 135 may be formed from, for example, resin. By forming the fourth rod-shaped member 134 and the fifth rod-shaped member 135 from a material with low thermal conductivity, the heat insulation performance can be improved.

[0075] It is preferable that the material from which the rod-shaped member is made is not a petroleum-derived material. When the material from which the rod-shaped member is made is a resin, the resin is preferably a non-petroleum-based material or a recycled material. In this case, the environmental performance of the long member can be improved.

[0076] The outdoor frame portion 110 of the left vertical frame 100 has outdoor extension pieces 111 that extend from the outdoor frame portion 110 toward the indoor side. A plurality of outdoor extension pieces 111 are provided at intervals in the longitudinal direction of the left vertical frame 100. The outdoor extension pieces 111 are formed integrally with the outdoor frame portion 110, for example, from a metal material.

[0077] The outdoor frame portion 110 has a plurality of outdoor hole portions 112 that are provided so as to penetrate each outdoor extension piece 111 in the up-down direction. The outdoor hole portions 112 have a first outdoor hole portion 114 and a second outdoor hole portion 115 that are provided side by side in the prospective direction in each outdoor extension piece 111. In each outdoor extension piece 111, the first outdoor hole portion 114 is provided on the indoor side of the second outdoor hole portion 115.

[0078] The indoor side frame portion 120 of the left vertical frame 100 has an indoor side extension piece 121 that extends from the indoor side frame portion 120 to the outdoor side. A plurality of the indoor side extension pieces 121 are provided at intervals in the longitudinal direction of the left vertical frame 100. The indoor side extension piece 121 is formed integrally with the indoor side frame portion 120, for example, from a metal material.

[0079] The indoor frame portion 120 has a plurality of indoor hole portions 122 that are provided so as to penetrate each indoor extension piece 121 in the up-down direction. The indoor hole portions 122 have a first indoor hole portion 124 and a second indoor hole portion 125 that are provided side by side in the prospective direction in each indoor extension piece 121. In each indoor extension piece 121, the first indoor hole portion 124 is provided on the indoor side of the second indoor hole portion 125.

[0080] The outdoor extension pieces 111 (outdoor side hole portions 112) and the indoor extension pieces 121 (indoor side hole portions 122) are arranged, for example, alternately in the vertical direction.

[0081] The left vertical frame 100 is divided into three equal parts vertically into three regions, and of these three regions, the middle region is designated as the first region A51, the upper region is designated as the second region A52, and the lower region is designated as the third region A53.

[0082] A first rod-shaped member 131 is disposed in the first region A51. The first rod-shaped member 131 passes through the first outdoor-side hole 114 and the first indoor-side hole 124. However, no rod-shaped member is disposed in the second outdoor-side hole 115 or the second indoor-side hole 125. This suppresses heat transfer between the indoors and outdoors. It is also possible to dispose rod-shaped members in the second outdoor-side hole 115 and the second indoor-side hole 125. In this case, the strength of the left vertical frame 100 can be improved.

[0083] A second rod-shaped member 132 and a fourth rod-shaped member 134 are arranged in the second area A52. The second rod-shaped member 132 is inserted through the first outdoor side hole 114 and the first indoor side hole 124. The fourth rod-shaped member 134 is inserted through the second outdoor side hole 115 and the second indoor side hole 125.

[0084] The third area A53 includes a third rod-shaped member 133 and a fifth rod-shaped member 135. The third rod-shaped member 133 is inserted through the first outdoor side hole 114 and the first indoor side hole 124. The fifth rod-shaped member 135 is inserted through the second outdoor side hole 115 and the second indoor side hole 125.

[0085] The first rod-shaped member 131, the second rod-shaped member 132, and the third rod-shaped member 133 are arranged at intervals in the vertical direction. The fourth rod-shaped member 134 and the fifth rod-shaped member 135 are arranged at intervals in the vertical direction. In this case, multiple bridge portions 130 are provided at intervals in the vertical direction in the left vertical frame 100. This allows the amount of material for the bridge portions 130 to be reduced compared to when the bridge portions 130 are provided across the entire vertical area of ​​the left vertical frame 100.

[0086] The total mass of the bridge portions 130 arranged in the first region A51 (i.e., the mass of the first rod-shaped member 131) is smaller than the total mass of the bridge portions 130 arranged in the second region A52 (i.e., the sum of the mass of the second rod-shaped member 132 and the mass of the fourth rod-shaped member 134). The total mass of the bridge portions 130 arranged in the first region A51 is also smaller than the total mass of the bridge portions 130 arranged in the third region A53 (i.e., the sum of the mass of the third rod-shaped member 133 and the mass of the fifth rod-shaped member 135).

[0087] As a result, in the second region A52 and the third region A53 of the elongated member, which are regions that require particularly high strength, the rod-shaped members can be arranged more densely, thereby improving the strength of the elongated member.In the first region A51, which is a region that does not require as much strength as the second region A52 and the third region A53, the rod-shaped members can be arranged more sparsely, thereby reducing the amount of material for the rod-shaped members.

[0088] Note that the rod-shaped members do not necessarily have to be arranged at each end of the left vertical frame 100 in the vertical direction, as long as the strength of the left vertical frame 100 can be ensured. Also, the rod-shaped members arranged at each end of the left vertical frame 100 in the vertical direction do not necessarily have to be bolts, but may be round bars without thread grooves. A rod-shaped member that is a bolt and a rod-shaped member that is a round bar may be arranged at each end of the left vertical frame 100 in the vertical direction.

[0089] The first rod-shaped member 131, the second rod-shaped member 132, and the third rod-shaped member 133 are each made of a material having heat insulating properties, thereby making it possible to suppress heat transfer between the inside and outside of the room.

[0090] The fourth rod-shaped member 134 and the fifth rod-shaped member 135 are each made of aluminum, which further improves the strength of the second region A52 and the third region A53. In addition, the fourth rod-shaped member 134 and the fifth rod-shaped member 135 can be easily recycled.

[0091] The number of the outdoor side holes 112 and the outdoor side holes 112 arranged in the first area A51 is preferably smaller than the number of the outdoor side holes 112 and the outdoor side holes 112 arranged in the second area A52. The number of the outdoor side holes 112 and the indoor side holes 122 arranged in the first area A51 that are inserted through the rod-shaped members 131, 132, 133, 134, and 135 is preferably smaller than the number of the outdoor side holes 112 and the indoor side holes 122 arranged in the second area A52 that are inserted through the rod-shaped members 131, 132, 133, 134, and 135.

[0092] In the first region A51, the smaller of the contact area between the rod-shaped member (specifically, the first rod-shaped member 131) and the outdoor-side hole 112 and the contact area between the rod-shaped member (specifically, the first rod-shaped member 131) and the indoor-side hole 122 is defined as the first contact area, and in the second region A52, the smaller of the contact area between the rod-shaped member (the second rod-shaped member 132 and the fourth rod-shaped member 134) and the outdoor-side hole 112 and the contact area between the rod-shaped member (the second rod-shaped member 132 and the fourth rod-shaped member 134) and the indoor-side hole 122 is defined as the second contact area. This improves the strength of the elongated member in the second region A52 and the thermal insulation performance of the elongated member in the first region A51. Therefore, heat transfer between indoors and outdoors can be suppressed more efficiently while ensuring the strength of the elongated member, making it easier to ensure the strength and insulating performance of the elongated member while reducing the bridge portion.

[0093] The indoor frame 120 also has a recess 127 on the indoor side that is recessed toward the outdoor side. A return portion that protrudes from the inner circumferential surface of the recess 127 is provided at each indoor end of the inner circumferential surface of the recess 127.

[0094] The left vertical frame 100 has a cover member 128 attached to the interior side of the interior frame portion 120. The cover member 128 has a rectangular plate-like covering portion 128a whose plate surface extends parallel to the viewing direction, and a pair of left and right engaging protrusions 128b that extend from the covering portion 128a to the exterior side and have a barb at the end on the exterior side.

[0095] The covering portion 128a and the indoor frame portion 120 have approximately the same vertical and horizontal dimensions. When viewed from the indoor side, the covering portion 128a covers the entire indoor frame portion 120. The covering portion 128a is formed, for example, from wood. This improves the design of the left vertical frame 100 when viewed from the indoor side. Note that the covering portion 128a does not necessarily have to be formed from wood, and may be formed, for example, from metal or resin. If the covering portion 128a is formed from metal, the strength of the left vertical frame 100 can be further improved. However, it is preferable that the covering portion 128a be formed from a material with a high design quality.

[0096] The cover portion 128a covers the recessed portion 127 from the outside of the room. Therefore, an indoor space portion 129 is formed between the recessed portion 127 and the cover portion 128a. For example, a heat insulating material (not shown) may be disposed in the indoor space portion 129. In this case, the heat insulating performance of the left vertical frame 100 can be further improved.

[0097] Each engaging protrusion 128b engages with a return portion of the recess 127. This allows the cover member 128 to be attached to the indoor frame portion 120. The cover member 128 can be easily removed from the indoor frame portion 120 by releasing the engagement between each engaging protrusion 128b and the return portion of the recess 127. Therefore, even if insulation is placed in the indoor space portion 129, it can be easily separated and dismantled.

[0098] According to this modification, the following effects are achieved.

[0099] According to this modification, the bridge portion 130 of the left vertical frame 100 has rod-shaped members 131, 132, 133, 134, and 135 extending in the vertical direction. The outdoor frame portion 110 has an outdoor-side hole 112, and the indoor frame portion 120 has an indoor-side hole 122. Each of the rod-shaped members 131, 132, 133, 134, and 135 is inserted through the outdoor-side hole 112 and the indoor-side hole 122, respectively.

[0100] As a result, the bridge portion 130 connects the outdoor frame portion 110 and the indoor frame portion 120 using each rod-shaped member 131, 132, 133, 134, and 135, and can also improve the strength of the elongated members.

[0101] Each of the rod-shaped members 131, 132, 133, 134, and 135 can be made relatively small, so the amount of material for the bridge portion can be reduced.

[0102] This allows the amount of material used for the bridge section to be reduced while ensuring the strength and insulating performance of the long members, thereby providing building materials with excellent environmental performance.

[0103] Furthermore, the contact area between each of the rod-shaped members 131, 132, 133, 134, and 135 and the outdoor hole 112 or the indoor hole 122 is relatively small, which reduces the heat transfer area in the bridge portion 130 and improves the heat insulating performance of the elongated member.

[0104] According to this modification, the first rod-shaped member 131, the second rod-shaped member 132, and the third rod-shaped member 133 are spaced apart in the vertical direction. The fourth rod-shaped member 134 and the fifth rod-shaped member 135 are spaced apart in the vertical direction. In this case, a plurality of bridge portions 130 are provided in the left vertical frame 100 at intervals in the vertical direction.

[0105] This allows the amount of material for the bridge portion 130 to be reduced compared to when the bridge portion 130 is provided across the entire vertical area of ​​the left vertical frame 100.

[0106] According to this modification, the total mass of the bridge portions 130 arranged in the first region A51 (i.e., the mass of the first rod-shaped member 131) is smaller than the total mass of the bridge portions 130 arranged in the second region A52 (i.e., the sum of the mass of the second rod-shaped member 132 and the mass of the fourth rod-shaped member 134). In addition, the total mass of the bridge portions 130 arranged in the first region A51 is smaller than the total mass of the bridge portions 130 arranged in the third region A53 (i.e., the sum of the mass of the third rod-shaped member 133 and the mass of the fifth rod-shaped member 135).

[0107] As a result, in the second region A52 and the third region A53 of the left vertical frame 100, which are regions requiring relatively high strength, more rod-shaped members can be arranged, thereby improving the strength of the elongated members. In the first region A51, which is a region requiring less strength than the second region A52 and the third region A53, fewer rod-shaped members can be arranged, thereby reducing the amount of material for the bridge portion (rod-shaped members).

[0108] The left vertical frame 100 has a cover member 128 that is attached to the interior side of the interior frame portion 120.

[0109] This improves the design of the elongated member when viewed from inside the room.

[0110] (Second Modification of First Embodiment) A second modification of the first embodiment of the present disclosure will be described below. Differences from the first embodiment will be mainly described below. Descriptions of configurations similar to those of the first embodiment may be omitted.

[0111] In this modification, the configuration of the elongated member is different from that of Embodiment 1. As shown in FIG.

[0112] Each of the expanded metal members 158 is made of a metal material and has a thin plate shape with a mesh structure.

[0113] Each expanded metal member 158 is disposed between the outdoor frame portion 151 and the indoor frame portion 154. The expanded metal members 158 are disposed with their plate surfaces oriented along the projection direction. The expanded metal members 158 are spaced apart in the longitudinal direction of the elongated member 150.

[0114] The exterior frame portion 151 has, for example, an exterior extension piece (not shown) extending from its interior surface toward the interior of the room. The interior frame portion 154 has, for example, an interior extension piece (not shown) extending from its exterior surface toward the exterior of the room. In this case, each expanded metal 158 is positioned so that one of its left and right ends abuts the exterior extension piece and the other abuts the interior extension piece.

[0115] Each expanded metal piece 158 is fixed to the outdoor frame portion 151 and the indoor frame portion 154, for example, by a clip (not shown). In this case, the clip clamps the expanded metal piece 158, the outdoor extension piece, and the indoor extension piece together. This connects the outdoor frame portion 151 and the indoor frame portion 154 via the expanded metal piece 158.

[0116] Each expanded metal member 158 has a plurality of bent portions 158a. Each expanded metal member 158 is bent in an arc at the bent portions 158a, resulting in a wave-like curve overall. The bent portions 158a are aligned in the longitudinal direction of the elongated member 150. However, the bending method of the expanded metal member 158 is not limited to this. The expanded metal member 158 may be bent at the bent portions, and may be folded in a zigzag pattern overall, for example. The expanded metal member 158 may also be formed in a flat plate shape. In other words, the bent portions 158a are not an essential component.

[0117] Furthermore, multiple expanded metal members 158 may be arranged side by side in the projection direction. In this case, the arrangement density of the bridge portions 157 (expanded metal members 158) can be increased in areas where multiple expanded metal members 158 overlap in the projection direction.

[0118] Furthermore, the expanded metal pieces 158 do not have to be arranged in multiple pieces spaced apart in the vertical direction. For example, the bridge portion 157 may have an expanded metal piece 158 that extends over the entire longitudinal length of the elongated member 150. In that case, the bridge portion 63 may have only one expanded metal piece 158. In such a bridge portion 63 (expanded metal piece 158), the spacing between the bent portions 158a and the magnitude of the bend in each bent portion 158a can be adjusted to adjust the density.

[0119] According to this modification, the following effects are achieved.

[0120] According to this modification, the multiple expanded metal pieces 158 are provided at intervals in the longitudinal direction of the elongated member 150. This allows the amount of material for the bridge portion to be reduced compared to when the expanded metal pieces 158 are provided over the entire longitudinal area of ​​the elongated member 150.

[0121] According to this modification, the expanded metal 158 is made of a metal material, which makes it possible to reduce the use of petroleum-derived products.

[0122] According to this modification, the expanded metal 158 has a mesh shape, which makes the heat transfer area of ​​the expanded metal 158 relatively small, thereby suppressing heat transfer through the bridge portion 157.

[0123] According to this modification, each expanded metal member 158 has a plurality of bent portions 158 a. By bending the expanded metal members 158, the expanded metal members 158 can be arranged more densely around the bent portions 158 a, thereby improving the strength of the elongated member 150.

[0124] The spacing between the bent portions 158a and the magnitude of the bend at each bent portion 158a may vary depending on the location of the expanded metal 158. When the elongated member 150 is divided into three equal parts along the longitudinal direction of the elongated member 150 and separated into three regions, it is preferable that the number of bent portions 158a located in the middle region of the three regions is smaller than the number of bent portions 158a located in one of the end regions. This allows the expanded metal 158 to be arranged more densely in regions of the elongated member 150 that require higher strength, thereby improving the strength of the elongated member 150, and the expanded metal 158 to be arranged more sparsely in regions that require less strength, thereby suppressing heat transfer between indoors and outdoors.

[0125] The expanded metal 158 may be, for example, a punched metal having a plurality of holes. As with the bent portion 158a of the expanded metal 158, the arrangement density of the holes formed in the punched metal may vary depending on the location.

[0126] Furthermore, the bridge portion 157 does not have to have the expanded metal 158. If it is considered possible to ensure sufficient strength of the elongated member 150, the bridge portion 157 may consist only of a clamping member such as a clip, and the outdoor frame portion 151 and the indoor frame portion 154 may be connected only by the clamping member. This further simplifies the configuration of the elongated member and reduces the amount of material for the bridge portion.

[0127] Although the preferred embodiments of the present disclosure have been described above, the present disclosure is not limited to the above-described embodiments and can be modified as appropriate.

[0128] In the above embodiments, the bridge portions are arranged in the first region, the second region, and the third region. However, the bridge portion does not necessarily have to be arranged in the first region. As long as the strength of the elongated member can be sufficiently ensured, the total mass of the bridge portions arranged in the first region may be zero. However, it is preferable that the bridge portion be arranged in at least the second region. Furthermore, if a limiting member or a door roller is attached to the first region, it is preferable that the bridge portion be arranged in the first region.

[0129] In the above embodiment, the fixture is a sliding window, but this is not limited to this. The fixture may be, for example, another type of window such as a vertical sliding window, or may be installed in an opening through which people enter and exit.

[0130] In the above embodiment, the restricting members are locking / unlocking members and anti-vibration members, but are not limited to these. For example, the restricting members may be stays that support the opening and closing of a vertical sliding shoji screen. Furthermore, when the restricting members are provided on the elongated members that constitute the frame body 2, it is preferable that a bridge portion be provided on the elongated members at the same longitudinal position as the portion where the restricting members are provided.

[0131] In the above embodiment, when dividing the elongated member in the longitudinal direction into multiple regions, the elongated member is divided into three equal parts, but the division does not necessarily have to be equal. That is, the first region and the second region do not have to have the same longitudinal dimension. Furthermore, the first region does not have to be a region that includes the central portion in the longitudinal direction. Furthermore, the second region does not have to include one end. Furthermore, the elongated member may be divided into two regions or four or more regions.

[0132] In the above embodiment, the first region and the second region are each set as a rectangular prism-shaped space, but this is not limited thereto. However, it is preferable that the base area of ​​each region is the same. In this case, the density of the bridge portions in each region can be easily compared by comparing the values ​​obtained by dividing the total mass of the bridge portions arranged in the region by the longitudinal dimension of the region.

[0133] [Aspect 1] A fitting to be installed in an opening of a building, comprising a sash framed with elongated members that are either frames or frames, the elongated members having an outdoor frame portion made of a metal material, an indoor frame portion also made of a metal material and installed on the indoor side of the outdoor frame portion, and a bridge portion installed between the outdoor frame portion and the indoor frame portion and connecting the outdoor frame portion and the indoor frame portion, the length direction of the elongated member being the long length direction, and when the elongated member is divided into a plurality of regions aligned in the long length direction, the plurality of regions have regions where the bridge portions are more densely arranged and regions where the bridge portions are more sparsely arranged. [Aspect 2] The fitting according to Aspect 1, wherein a plurality of the bridge portions are installed at intervals in the long length direction. [Aspect 3] The fitting according to Aspect 1 or 2, wherein a region of the elongated member that includes a central portion in the longitudinal direction is defined as a first region, and a region of the elongated member that is closer to one end than the first region and includes an end portion on the one end side is defined as a second region, and a value obtained by dividing the total mass of the bridge portions arranged in the first region by the volume of the first region is different from a value obtained by dividing the total mass of the bridge portions arranged in the second region by the volume of the second region. [Aspect 4] The fitting according to Aspect 1 or 2, wherein the first region is a central region of three regions obtained by dividing the elongated member into three equal regions in the longitudinal direction, and the second region is a region of one end side of the three regions obtained by dividing the elongated member into three equal regions in the longitudinal direction, and the total mass of the bridge portions arranged in the first region is smaller than the total mass of the bridge portions arranged in the second region. [Aspect 5] The fitting according to any one of Aspects 1 to 4, wherein the bridge portion has a rod-shaped member extending in the longitudinal direction, the outdoor frame portion has an outdoor-side hole portion, the indoor frame portion has an indoor-side hole portion, and the rod-shaped member is inserted through the outdoor-side hole portion and the indoor-side hole portion. [Aspect 6] The fitting according to any one of Aspects 1 to 5, wherein the long member has a cover member attached to the indoor side of the indoor frame portion.[Aspect 7] A fitting according to any one of Aspects 1 to 6, comprising a shoji screen, the elongated member having a limiting member capable of limiting the movement of the shoji screen, and the bridge portion being arranged in a portion of the elongated member that is located in the same position in the longitudinal direction as the portion where the limiting member is provided. [Aspect 8] The fitting according to any one of Aspects 1 to 7, the elongated member having a door roller, and the bridge portion being arranged in a portion of the elongated member that is located in the same position in the longitudinal direction as the portion where the door roller is provided. [Aspect 9] A method for designing a fitting according to claim 1 or 2, comprising the step of deriving, by topology optimization, an arrangement of regions in the elongated member where the bridge portions are more densely arranged and regions where the bridge portions are more sparsely arranged.

[0134] 1: Sliding window (door), 2: Frame (sash), 3: Inner shoji (shōji), 8: Outer shoji (shōji), 10: Building, 11: Opening, 21: Upper frame (frame and elongated member), 22: Lower frame (frame and elongated member), 23: Vertical frame (frame and elongated member), 30: Upper frame (frame and elongated member), 34, 54: Vibration prevention member (restriction member), 40: Lower frame (frame and elongated member), 44: Door roller, 50: Left vertical frame (frame and elongated member), 60: Right vertical frame (frame and elongated member), 61, 110, 151: Outdoor frame part, 62, 120, 154: Indoor frame portion, 63, 130, 157: bridge portion, 100: left vertical frame (frame and elongated member), 112, 114, 115: outdoor hole portion, 122, 124, 125: indoor hole portion, 128: cover member, 131: first rod-shaped member, 132: second rod-shaped member, 133: third rod-shaped member, 134: fourth rod-shaped member, 135: fifth rod-shaped member, 150: elongated member, A1, A11, A21, A31, A51: first region, A2, A12, A22, A32, A52: second region, A3, A13, A23, A33, A53: third region.

Claims

1. A fitting to be installed in an opening of a building, comprising a sash formed by framing a long member which is either a frame body or a frame body, the long member having an exterior frame section made of a metal material, an interior frame section which is installed on the indoor side of the exterior frame section and is also made of a metal material, and a bridge section which is installed between the exterior frame section and the interior frame section and connects the exterior frame section and the interior frame section, the longitudinal direction of the long member being the long length direction, and when the long member is divided into a plurality of regions lined up in the long length direction, the plurality of regions have regions where the bridge sections are more densely arranged and regions where the bridge sections are more sparsely arranged.

2. The fixture according to claim 1, wherein the bridge portion comprises a plurality of bridge portions spaced apart in the longitudinal direction.

3. A fitting as described in claim 1 or 2, wherein when a region of the elongated member including the central portion in the longitudinal direction is defined as a first region, and a region on the one end side of the first region including the end portion on that one end side is defined as a second region, the value obtained by dividing the total mass of the bridge portions arranged in the first region by the volume of the first region and the value obtained by dividing the total mass of the bridge portions arranged in the second region by the volume of the second region are mutually different.

4. The fixture described in claim 3, wherein the first region is a central region of three regions obtained by dividing the long member into thirds in the longitudinal direction, the second region is a region at one end of three regions obtained by dividing the long member into thirds in the longitudinal direction, and the total mass of the bridge parts arranged in the first region is smaller than the total mass of the bridge parts arranged in the second region.

5. A fixture as described in any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the bridge portion has a rod-shaped member extending in the longitudinal direction, the outdoor frame portion has an outdoor hole portion, the indoor frame portion has an indoor hole portion, and the rod-shaped member is inserted through the outdoor hole portion and the indoor hole portion.

6. A fixture as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the elongated member has a cover member attached to the interior side of the interior frame portion.

7. A fitting as described in any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising a shoji screen, the elongated member having a limiting member capable of limiting the movement of the shoji screen, and the bridge portion being arranged in a portion of the elongated member which is in the same position in the elongated direction as the portion where the limiting member is provided.

8. A fixture as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the elongated member has a wheel, and the bridge portion is arranged in a portion of the elongated member which is in the same position in the elongated direction as the portion in which the wheel is provided.

9. A method for designing a fixture as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising the step of deriving, by topology optimization, an arrangement of areas in the elongated member where the bridge portions are more densely arranged and areas where the bridge portions are more sparsely arranged.

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