Biocompostable germination cell enhanced with biostimulants and gypsum for seedling development and planting, and process for manufacturing the biocompostable germination cell enhanced with biostimulants and gypsum

Abstract

The invention concerns a biocompostable germination cell (100) enhanced with biostimulants (10) and gypsum (11), developed for planting seedlings (34). The cell (100) is produced from biodegradable / biocompostable material through dip molding. The cell (100) is innovative in that it both serves as a support medium for the plant and remains with it during planting. The cell (100) eliminates the use of plastics trays (35) known in the prior art, said plastics trays (35) being made of a material which is difficult to reuse or recycle, and so provides a positive environmental impact in the field of seedling planting and development. This patent application pertains to subject matter aligned with the principles and requirements of green patents.

Description

[0001] “BIOCOMPOSTABLE GERMINATION CELL ADDITIVED WITH BIOSTIMULANTS AND PLASTER FOR DEVELOPMENT AND PLANTING OF SEEDLINGS AND MANUFACTURING PROCESS OF BIOCOMPOSTABLE GERMINATION CELL ADDITIVED WITH BIOSTIMULANTS AND PLASTER”.

[0002] FIELD OF APPLICATION

[0003] The biocompostable germination cell, enriched with biostimulants and gypsum for seedling development and planting, and the manufacturing process, are topics focused on the field of application related, in general, to the cultivation of seedlings for the planting of a wide variety of vegetables, notably, but not exclusively, for food purposes. By its nature, the proposed solution positively impacts environmental issues, which is why its content is fully aligned with GREEN PATENTS.

[0004] PREAMBLE

[0005] This patent application proposes a biocompostable germination cell enriched with biostimulants and gypsum, specifically designed for use in seedling planting. This cell is produced from biodegradable / biocompostable material (cellulose pulp) by immersion molding and using appropriate equipment, according to the process also discussed herein. The proposed biocompostable germination cell, enriched with biostimulants and gypsum, is innovative in that it both supports plant development and assists the plant during planting.The biocompostable germination cell, enriched with biostimulants and gypsum, proposed here eliminates the need for plastic trays normally used for the same purpose and which are part of the current state of the art. After use, such plastic trays are transformed into a material that is difficult to reuse or recycle logistically. Therefore, the biocompostable germination cell, enriched with biostimulants and gypsum, as designed and produced, represents a significant positive environmental impact in the field of seedling planting and development. Therefore, this Invention Patent application, as already considered, deals with a subject matter that fully complies with the principles and requirements of GREEN PATENTS.The biocompostable germination cell, enriched with biostimulants and gypsum, proposed here, is also innovative in that the raw material with which it is produced receives, during its production process, a series of substances specially chosen and formulated to act as a booster for the seedling's development.

[0006] This Invention Patent application contemplates a first production process, in which the inclusion of biostimulants and plaster occurs by “incorporation”, but also provides for an alternative process in which the same biostimulants and plaster can be applied by “spraying”.

[0007] STATE OF THE TECHNIQUE

[0008] As is generally known, organic matter is any substance containing carbon in its composition and derived from living organisms or their decomposition products. Organic matter can be found in many places, such as soil, water, living organisms, and detritus, such as leaves, twigs, fruit, animal remains, and other decaying biological materials.

[0009] The decomposition of organic matter is a natural and fundamental process in nature, which involves the biological breakdown of complex organic compounds present in the remains of dead plants and animals, detritus and other biological materials into simpler compounds, such as carbon dioxide, water and nutrients.

[0010] This process is carried out by a variety of microorganisms, such as bacteria, fungi, and insects, which consume organic matter as a source of food and energy. During decomposition, these microorganisms use enzymes to break down organic compounds into smaller molecules, which can be absorbed by the cell to produce energy and intermediate compounds for the synthesis of new molecules.

[0011] As decomposition continues, nutrients previously trapped in organic matter are released into the soil, water, and air, becoming available to other living organisms, such as plants, animals, and microorganisms, which use them for growth and development. This process is crucial for maintaining soil fertility and ecosystem health and is an important part of the global biogeochemical cycle. According to studies by FIOCRUZ, there is no exact estimate for the total decomposition of plastic. The most common estimate suggests that the material can decompose in 400 to 500 years; however, given the very long degradation period, it is difficult to establish a more precise estimate of this date. Therefore, the most sustainable solution for post-consumer plastic is recycling.

[0012] In this way, recycling plays a fundamental role in the environment, as in addition to reducing the accumulation of waste in urban areas, it also ends up representing a factor in “saving” natural resources.

[0013] In the field of large-scale seedling production, plastic bags and plastic trays are normally used in nurseries. These essentially constitute a given number of cavities appropriately sized for the type of plant to be cultivated, where each cavity is filled with a given volume of substrate in which one or more seeds are planted.

[0014] After the seeds have germinated, the seedlings, still in development, are removed along with the substrate already interspersed in their roots, and these seedlings are then immediately transplanted to the cultivation soil in which the plant will develop until the ideal point for harvesting.

[0015] An example of this type of tray is covered in the Utility Model patent application MU6401524, filed on 09 / 10 / 1994 and entitled “MONOBLOC PLASTIC TRAY WITH HOLES FOR CONICAL TUBES FOR SEEDLINGS”.

[0016] Other examples of the state of the art are: the tray dealt with in patent PI0405928-0, filed on 12 / 28 / 2004 and entitled “IMPROVEMENTS IN TRAY FOR SEEDLINGS” and patent BR202012026715-8, filed on 10 / 18 / 2012 and entitled “IMPROVEMENTS IN PLASTIC TRAY CELL, FOR WORK WITH GRAFTING, CUTTINGS, MICROPROPAGATED SEEDLINGS AND SEEDS”.

[0017] STATE OF THE TECHNIQUE PROBLEMS

[0018] Large vegetable producers use huge quantities of these trays, which, when their cavities are emptied after the seedling planting stage, completely lose their usefulness and end up being transformed into a material that is logistically difficult to collect and send for recycling.

[0019] The patent documents cited here deal with designs for seedling trays that, regardless of their particular functional characteristics, have in common the fact that they are produced from plastic material and, for this reason, incur the problems involved in their reuse or recycling, which is why no consideration of their design particularities or any other technical characteristic is necessary.

[0020] OBJECTIVES OF THE INVENTION

[0021] Given the problems surrounding the use of plastic bags and trays in seedling production, one of the objectives of this patent application is to propose a biocompostable germination cell enriched with biostimulants and gypsum for seedling development and planting, as well as the production process thereof. The proposed biocompostable germination cell, enriched with biostimulants and gypsum, is based on the use of properly processed cellulose pulp enriched with substances that promote increased plant development (biostimulants and gypsum).

[0022] Another objective of this Invention Patent Application concerns providing a biocompostable germination cell enriched with biostimulants and gypsum that, because it is produced with biocompostable material, can accompany the seedling from its sowing, through the beginning of its development (germination) and culminating with its transplantation to the soil in which it will continue its development until the harvest phase.

[0023] It is also one of the objectives of this invention patent application to provide a biocompostable germination cell enriched with biostimulants and gypsum that positively influences several aspects not only in the development of the plant but also in the conditions of the soil to which the seedling is transplanted.

[0024] Finally, another objective of this Invention Patent application is to propose a biocompostable germination cell enriched with biostimulants and plaster that makes unnecessary and overcomes the use of plastic bags and trays that represent, immediately after their single use, a source of inconvenience and environmental impact due to the difficulty of making the logistics of reuse or even recycling of their material practical.

[0025] The biocompostable germination cell enriched with biostimulants and gypsum proposed here, as well as its manufacturing process, due to the positive impact they bring to the field of large-scale seedling production, meet the criteria for recognition of this Patent Application as a GREEN PATENT.

[0026] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0027] Focusing on sustainability, the invention of the biocompostable germination cell was developed, enriched with biostimulants and gypsum for the development and planting of seedlings, as well as the process by which it can be manufactured. Within the scope of this Invention Patent application, a first process and an alternative process are provided for, both culminating in the same final product, namely, biocompostable germination cells enriched with biostimulant and gypsum.

[0028] The biocompostable germination cell, enriched with biostimulants and gypsum, proposed here is made from compostable organic matter, which eliminates the need for plastic in trays normally used to support seedling germination in nurseries and contributes to increased soil sustainability.

[0029] The development of the biocompostable germination cell with additives containing biostimulants and gypsum proposed here is based on the principle that it is widely known that the right amount of organic matter present in the soil is an essential factor for it to present the ideal conditions for the development of the most different types of crops, contributing to a profitable and highly productive crop.

[0030] Using the aforementioned concept, this invention patent application proposes a biocompostable germination cell enriched with biostimulants and gypsum. The cell is produced with organic matter that promotes environmental sustainability while also improving soil fertility, thus contributing to producers' productivity gains, bringing profitability to agribusiness, and also contributing to the environment. The proposed biodegradable germination cell, enriched with biostimulants and gypsum, is specially developed for use in both manual and mechanized seeding and is manufactured with organic compounds that undergo the biocomposting process. It can be used to plant the resulting seedling, promoting soil sustainability and preventing the plant from being unnecessarily subjected to transplant stress.

[0031] The biocompostable germination cell enriched with biostimulants and gypsum illustrated and described in this invention patent application is lightweight and standardized in size, facilitating efficient logistics for planting both in the field and in greenhouses. The proposed biocompostable germination cells enriched with biostimulants and gypsum are manufactured so that a given number of them can be grouped into trays from which they are later detached. These trays can be stacked to streamline their transportation and storage.

[0032] The biocompostable germination cell enriched with biostimulants and gypsum proposed here presents a series of physical effects on the soil, as listed below:

[0033] •Improves the physical conditions of the soil, reducing, for example, soil compaction problems due to the organic composition of the tray;

[0034] •Increased soil porosity;

[0035] •Reduced soil density: A soil with good soil density is one in which aeration occurs easily. Good soil aeration, provided by the organic matter used in this tray, allows plant roots to absorb water and nutrients more easily and in greater quantities. With quality roots and high absorption capacity, plants develop properly throughout the production cycle;

[0036] •Reduced erosion: Erosion is a common problem in Brazilian soils, compromising the soil's physical structure and, consequently, hindering plant root development. By introducing organic matter from biocompostable germination cells, supplemented with biostimulants and gypsum, as proposed in this patent application, soil particles are more aggregating and water absorption and retention improve, which contributes positively to reducing the loss of topsoil layers and the resulting erosion process.

[0037] •Increases the infiltration rate;

[0038] •Increased soil water retention capacity; and

[0039] •Improved soil aggregation and structure.

[0040] Regarding the biological effects on the soil, the biocompostable germination cell added with biostimulants and gypsum proposed here has a positive impact on the following aspects:

[0041] •Reduces the incidence of nematodes since organomineral fertilizers in general enable the development of useful microorganisms in soils that have an antagonistic action to nematodes; and

[0042] •Increased microbial activity.

[0043] Regarding chemical effects in the soil, the use of the biocompostable germination cell added with biostimulants and gypsum presented here has a positive influence on the following aspects:

[0044] • Provides nutrients to plants gradually and continuously;

[0045] • Promotes the reduction of nutrient loss: In addition to providing nutrients in greater quantities, the organic matter from the biocompostable germination cell added with biostimulants and gypsum also acts to retain these nutrients in the soil by increasing the cation exchange capacity, reducing the nutritional loss that occurs through the leaching process and other natural processes;

[0046] •Increase in soil organic matter;

[0047] •Increased soil CEC: CEC is the cation exchange capacity of a soil. It is the amount of negative charges present in the soil, that is, the amount of cations a soil can retain under certain conditions. Magnesium, calcium, potassium, sodium, ammonia, and aluminum are examples of cationic elements that can be adsorbed in the colloidal complex. An increase in organic matter combined with an increase in pH also causes the CEC to increase;

[0048] •Soil pH control: The supply of humus to the soil through organic matter from the added biocompostable germination cells allows for soil pH stability and resistance, i.e., it increases the "buffering power," helping the soil maintain a balanced pH and preventing the possibility of sudden changes that cause undesirable changes. All of this facilitates proper germination and crop development;

[0049] •Reduces the toxic effects of aluminum in the soil;

[0050] •It is worth noting that, because it is a product rich in organic matter, its use can be important in sandy soils. This is because the low cation exchange capacity, characteristic of these soils, can promote the leaching of conventional fertilizers used;

[0051] •The biocompostable germination cell, enriched with biostimulants and gypsum, transforms into an organomineral fertilizer when it comes into contact with soil microbiota due to its organomineral composition. It can convert poor soil into fertile soil by increasing its capacity to retain water and nutrients. In addition to providing benefits to the soil, it also increases plant resistance, preventing the emergence of pests and diseases.

[0052] •The biocompostable germination cell, enriched with biostimulants and plaster, proposed here, as it is made from natural materials, degrades in the environment and is, as is explicit in the definition of its nomenclature, compostable, reducing plastic pollution;

[0053] •The biocompostable germination cell enriched with biostimulants and gypsum can be transformed into organic compost after use;

[0054] •The biocompostable germination cell enriched with biostimulants and gypsum contains natural substances that improve plant growth and health;

[0055] •The biocompostable germination cell enriched with biostimulants and gypsum improves the absorption of nutrients by plants, making them more efficient in terms of nutrition; and

[0056] •Help seedlings withstand adverse conditions, reducing plant stress.

[0057] As previously mentioned, currently the most commonly used containers for seedling production in nurseries are plastic bags and plastic trays. The choice of container generally takes into account the quantity of seedlings produced and the duration of the nursery, because on a small scale and in temporary nurseries, it is advisable to use plastic bags due to the lower initial cost.

[0058] The biocompostable germination cell, enriched with biostimulants and gypsum, produced with organic matter, which is the subject of this patent application, has a purpose that goes beyond simply conditioning the seedling during its development phase, as it is not inert. In this sense, the organic matter from which the cell is produced is an excellent source of essential nutrients, such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and other micronutrients, which are essential for germination and initial seedling growth.

[0059] Regarding phosphorus, it is a nutrient that is highly fixed in the soil and is not available to plants. The action of organic matter allows this nutrient to always be available during crop development.

[0060] The composition of the biocompostable germination cell, enriched with biostimulants and gypsum, is made with organic raw materials, soluble fertilizers and gradual-release fertilizers so that nutrients are made available during germination and cultivation.

[0061] Thus, the solution proposed in this patent application improves food quality. All of the above benefits contribute to the production of resilient, better-developed grains and vegetables with greater nutritional value. For farmers, higher food quality means greater competitiveness in the market, both for end-consumer and industrial products.

[0062] The biocompostable germination cell enriched with biostimulants and gypsum presented here also brings benefits in terms of the operationalization of producers, as listed below:

[0063] •Reduction in water use;

[0064] •Reduction in the use of fertilizers;

[0065] •Reduction in workforce;

[0066] •Reduction in production costs;

[0067] •Alignments with the main global production trends;

[0068] •Adding value to production;

[0069] •Collaboration with sustainability and the environment; and

[0070] •Elimination of waste generated with plastics regarding the non-use of state-of-the-art plastic trays.

[0071] After planting the biocompostable germination cell enriched with biostimulants and plaster with the seedling in the soil or by another method, such as hydroponic cultivation, the cell begins its function of protecting the roots and stimulating their growth by not generating stress in the plant.

[0072] After a few days in the field, the composting of the biocompostable germination cell added with biostimulants and gypsum begins in the soil and the consequent release of nutrients favoring the development of the plant, thermally protecting the roots, maintaining the plant with direct access to moisture and improving the physical conditions of the soil and the plant, as described in the benefits.

[0073] The biocompostable germination cell, enriched with biostimulants and gypsum, proposed here can be used for all crops currently produced from seedlings, as the cell can be specifically manipulated for each crop, bringing greater benefits to the plants and the producers of these crops. Therefore, the biocompostable germination cell, enriched with biostimulants and gypsum, can be produced specifically for each type of crop. DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

[0074] The subject matter of this Invention Patent application, which deals with “BIOCOMPOSTABLE GERMINATION CELL ADDITIVED WITH BIOSTIMULANTS AND GYPSUM FOR DEVELOPMENT AND PLANTING OF SEEDLINGS AND MANUFACTURING PROCESS OF BIOCOMPOSTABLE GERMINATION CELL ADDITIVED WITH BIOSTIMULANTS AND GYPSUM” will be described in detail with reference to the drawings listed below, in which:

[0075] •Figure 1 illustrates a first flowchart of the manufacturing process of the biocompostable germination cell with additives containing biostimulants and gypsum proposed here, where the base formulation for “incorporation” is used,

[0076] •Figure 1A illustrates a block diagram with the steps of the manufacturing process of a biocompostable germination cell with additives containing biostimulants and gypsum treated here, as shown in Figure 1;

[0077] •Figure 2 illustrates a second flowchart of the manufacturing process of a biocompostable germination cell with additives containing biostimulants and gypsum, presented here. This second flowchart relates to an alternative version of the process, where a base formulation for “spraying” is used.

[0078] • Figure 2A illustrates a block diagram with the steps of the alternative process for manufacturing the biocompostable germination cell with additives containing biostimulants and gypsum treated here, such as that presented in Figure 2; • Figure 3 illustrates a general view of a tray, which is the grouped form of a given number of biocompostable germination cells with additives containing biostimulants and gypsum, with said tray being depicted before the substrate is deposited in the biocompostable germination cells with additives containing biostimulants and gypsum and before the plant seeds are actually sown;

[0079] •Figure 4 illustrates a top view of the tray depicted in Figure 3;

[0080] •Figure 5 illustrates a view of one of the corners of the tray depicted in Figure 3, where the biocompostable germination cells enriched with biostimulants and plaster that can be seen have already received the substrate and the planted seeds have already germinated;

[0081] •Figure 6 illustrates one of the biocompostable germination cells enriched with biostimulants and plaster, already detached from the tray shown in figures 3, 4 and 5;

[0082] •Figure 7 illustrates a comparative photographic reproduction between the seedling germination phase both with respect to the use of the biocompostable germination cell with additives containing biostimulants and plaster proposed herein, as well as with respect to germination in state-of-the-art plastic trays, where in the case of the cells proposed herein, which are still grouped in the form of a tray, the germination rate exceeds 90%;

[0083] •Figure 8 illustrates a photographic reproduction of the roots of a lettuce plant cultivated with the biocompostable germination cell added with biostimulants and gypsum proposed here;

[0084] •Figure 9 illustrates a photographic reproduction of two arugula seedlings with 8 (eight) days of cultivation, where the specimen on the left consists of a seedling cultivated with the present biocompostable germination cell added with biostimulants and plaster, while the specimen next to it is a seedling cultivated in a state-of-the-art plastic tray;

[0085] •Figure 10 illustrates four arugula specimens with 11 (eleven) days of cultivation using the hydroponics process, with the two specimens on the left cultivated with the biocompostable germination cell added with biostimulants and gypsum presented here, while the two specimens on the right are specimens cultivated in conventional plastic trays, and the difference in development of the plants cultivated with the biocompostable germination cell added with biostimulants and gypsum in question can be clearly seen;

[0086] •Figure 11 illustrates a photographic image of two trays in which the biocompostable germination cells added with biostimulants and plaster proposed here are incorporated, in which lettuce is germinating, with a germination time of 15 (fifteen) days, and where the high germination rate, greater than 90%, can be seen;

[0087] •Figure 12 illustrates a photographic image of two broccoli specimens, where the specimen on the left was cultivated in the biocompostable germination cell enriched with biostimulants and gypsum proposed here and has 32 (thirty-two) days in the field, while the specimen on the right was cultivated in a conventional plastic tray and has 47 (forty-seven) days in the field; and

[0088] •Figure 13 is a reproduction of a laboratory report that analyzed the composition of the trays from which the biocompostable germination cells added with biostimulants and plaster proposed here are highlighted.

[0089] REFERENCE SIGNS

[0090] The present patent application that deals with “BIOCOMPOSTABLE GERMINATION CELL ADDITIVED WITH BIOSTIMULANTS AND GYPSUM FOR DEVELOPMENT AND PLANTING OF SEEDLINGS AND PROCESS FOR MANUFACTURING BIOCOMPOSTABLE GERMINATION CELL ADDITIVED WITH BIOSTIMULANTS AND GYPSUM” is better described by the following reference signs:

[0091] (1 ) - pulp mixer (“Pulper”)',

[0092] (2) - water;

[0093] (3) - pulp;

[0094] (4) - decontaminant;

[0095] (5) - pump;

[0096] (6) - cleaning equipment (“Cleaner”)',

[0097] (7) - primary scrubber;

[0098] (8) - secondary scrubber;

[0099] (9) - dough mixer;

[0100] (10) - biostimulants;

[0101] (11 ) - plaster;

[0102] (12) - tank; (13) - pump;

[0103] (14) - forming machine;

[0104] (14A) - molds;

[0105] (15) - hopper;

[0106] (16) - screw conveyor;

[0107] (17) - reject;

[0108] (18) - molded seedling tray;

[0109] (18A) - molded and dried seedling tray;

[0110] (19) - vacuum pump;

[0111] (20) - vacuum water separator;

[0112] (21 ) - pump;

[0113] (22) - white water tank;

[0114] (23) - pump;

[0115] (24) - pump;

[0116] (25) - conveyor belt;

[0117] (26) - continuous dryer;

[0118] (27) - gas;

[0119] (28) - seedling tray ready;

[0120] (29) - sprayers (biostimulants);

[0121] (30) - sprayers (plaster);

[0122] (31 ) - monoblock structure;

[0123] (32) - containers;

[0124] (33) - substrate;

[0125] (34) - seedlings (obtained by planting in cells (100));

[0126] (34A) - seedlings (obtained by planting in conventional plastic trays);

[0127] (35) - conventional plastic tray;

[0128] (36) - developed plant (obtained by planting in cells (100));

[0129] (36A) - developed plant (obtained by planting in conventional plastic trays);

[0130] (37) - vegetable roots (developed by planting in cells (100));

[0131] (37A) - vegetable roots (developed by planting in plastic trays (35));

[0132] (100) - cell; and

[0133] (L) - report. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0134] The present Invention Patent application that proposes the “BIOCOMPOSTABLE GERMINATION CELL ADDITIVED WITH BIOSTIMULANTS AND GYPSUM FOR DEVELOPMENT AND PLANTING OF SEEDLINGS AND MANUFACTURING PROCESS OF BIOCOMPOSTABLE GERMINATION CELL ADDITIVED WITH BIOSTIMULANTS AND GYPSUM” is better described by means of the following reference signs:

[0135] DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0136] For the manufacture of molded paper pulp products, the pulp is primarily made from recycled material. For this purpose, pulp can be obtained from paper reprocessing. The raw materials used are classified into two groups: pre-consumer: scraps, which are waste from the paper industry, such as clippings, unused material, and packaging used within the industry itself; cellulose fiber; and post-consumer: waste paper collected after disposal by the end user, such as printed paper, newspapers, magazines, cardboard from packaging, and others.

[0137] To manufacture the biocompostable germination cell with biostimulant additives and molded pulp plaster, the pulp mixer (1) ("Pulper") is fed to the pulp mixer (1), a machine designed to grind the paper in water and transform it into a pulp containing recycled paper and / or cellulose fiber and water. The pulp can be prepared in a ratio of 2 to 5% paper and 98 to 95% water. The disintegration process takes approximately 15 minutes.

[0138] With the pulp already disaggregated and added with water (2) that comes from a supply line, this pulp mass (3) is then directed to a decontaminator (4) by the action of a pump (5), and upon leaving the decontaminator (4), the pulp (3) goes through the cleaning and purification process, through the passage of the pulp flow (3) through a cleaning equipment (6) and through two purifiers arranged in sequence, being a primary purifier (7) that has at its outlet a secondary purifier (8).

[0139] At the outlet of the secondary purifier (8) the pulp flow (3) goes to a mass mixer (9), equipment in which water (2), biostimulants (10) and plaster (11) are added, and after the pulp (3) receives the loads of water (2), biostimulants (10) and plaster (11), the additive mass and now homogenized is sent to a tank (12) of additive pulp through the action of a pump (13), where it is stored, remaining ready to supply the forming machine (14).

[0140] A hopper (15) equipped with a screw conveyor (16) receives the waste flow (17) coming from both the primary (7) and secondary (8) purifiers, as well as from the decontaminator (4) directly connected to the pulp mixer (1) (“Pulper”) and which operates in conjunction with the aforementioned pump (5).

[0141] A water supply line (2) runs towards the pulp mixer (1) (“Pulper”) and enters it through three inlets. This water supply line (2) also feeds the decontaminator (4).

[0142] The forming machine (14) receives the pulp (3) with a consistency of 1.2%, with the suction and formation process through molds (14A) that are part of the forming machine (14), the molded seedling trays (18) are formed, which despite already being physically defined, still have excess moisture.

[0143] The molds (14A) operate with vacuum produced by the vacuum pump (19) which is connected to a water / vacuum separator (20) and the portion of water (2) separated by the water / vacuum separator (20) and which comes from the molds (14A) of the forming machine (14) is directed by a pump (21) to a white water tank (22) and from there, through a pump (23), returns the water (2) to the forming machine (14). Another pump (24) circulates the water (2) coming from the molds (14A) of the forming machine (14) to the white water tank (22).

[0144] In the molds (14A) of the forming machine (14), by the action of the vacuum applied to the pulp load (3) present in said molds (14A), the molded seedling trays (18) are generated. When separated from the molds (14A), they are sent to a conveyor belt (25) and then enter the continuous dryer (26) fed with gas (27) and exit at the end of the course inside the continuous dryer (26) as a finished product in the form of ready seedling trays (28).

[0145] During the drying process, the trays of finished seedlings (28) pass through the aforementioned continuous dryer (26) and remain there for approximately 20 minutes, with an initial temperature of 150°C and a final temperature of 90°C, using forced ventilation. At the end of the drying process, the trays of finished seedlings (28) are collected. After collection, the quality department controls and inspects the finished products. After all steps are completed, the trays of finished seedlings (28) are counted, packaged, and then sent to storage.

[0146] The entire process above is depicted in the flowchart in figure 1, while in figure 1A the same process is depicted in the form of a block diagram, in which the steps of the aforementioned process are presented.

[0147] In the aforementioned figure 1A, the first stage concerns the disintegration of the paper that will form the cellulose pulp (3), and this stage takes place in the mixer (1).

[0148] In a second stage, the cellulose pulp (3) is sent to a preliminary preparation stage, in which it passes, in sequence, through the cleaning equipment (6) (“Cleaner”), the primary purifier (7) and then the secondary purifier (8).

[0149] In the third stage, the prepared pulp is sent to the mass mixer (9), where it is homogenized simultaneously with the addition of water (2), biostimulants (10) and plaster (11).

[0150] In the fourth stage, the pulp already added with biostimulants (10) and plaster (11) is sent to the tank (12) where it is stored and is directed to the forming machine (14) as needed.

[0151] In the fifth stage, the molded seedling trays (18) are molded within the scope of the action of the forming machine (14), from which the aforementioned molded seedling trays (18) are obtained, which are immediately sent to the sixth stage, which occurs by passing them through the continuous dryer (26), from where the molded seedling trays (18) become ready seedling trays (28).

[0152] The seventh stage of the process is defined as the collection of the finished product, that is, the collection of the ready seedling trays (28), which undergo, in the eighth stage, quality control and then, in the ninth stage, packaging.

[0153] Figure 2 illustrates a flowchart of an alternative version of the manufacturing process of the biocompostable germination cell with additives containing biostimulants and gypsum for the development and planting of seedlings, which is basically similar to the flowchart presented in the aforementioned figure 1, differing, however, in the fact that in the flowchart of figure 2 the application of the biostimulants (10) and gypsum (11) does not occur by direct administration in the dough mixer (9).

[0154] In the alternative process depicted in the flowchart of figure 2, the biostimulant (10) and gypsum (11) charges are applied, by spraying, through respective sprayers (29) and (30) after the molded seedling trays (18) leave the continuous dryer (26). Although already dry, the molded seedling trays (18) are indicated as molded and dried seedling trays (18A) are only considered as ready seedling trays (28) after the application of the biostimulant (10) and gypsum (11) charges. In this alternative process, the gypsum (11) is sprayed in the form of a solution of water and gypsum.

[0155] As in the case of Figure 1A in relation to Figure 1, Figure 2A is a block diagram expressing the alternative process depicted in Figure 2.

[0156] In the aforementioned figure 2A, the first stage concerns the disintegration of the paper that will form the cellulose pulp (3), and this stage occurs in the mixer (1), and where water (2) is added to the mass of paper that is being disintegrated.

[0157] In a second stage, the cellulose pulp (3) that comes out of the mixer (1) is sent to a preliminary preparation stage, which involves it passing, in sequence, through the cleaning equipment (6) (“Cleaner”), the primary purifier (7) and then the secondary purifier (8).

[0158] In the third stage, the pulp is sent to the tank (12) where it is stored and is directed to the forming machine (14) as needed.

[0159] In the fourth stage, the molded seedling trays (18) are molded within the scope of the action of the forming machine (14), from which the aforementioned molded seedling trays (18) are obtained, which are immediately sent to the fifth stage, which occurs by passing them through the continuous dryer (26), from where the molded seedling trays (18) become molded and dried seedling trays (18A).

[0160] In the sixth stage of the alternative process, the molded and dried seedling trays (18A) are sequentially submitted to the sprayers (29) and (30) that apply, respectively, biostimulants (10) and a solution of water (2) and plaster (11), from where the molded and dried trays (18A) become ready seedling trays (28).

[0161] In the seventh stage of the alternative process, the finished product is collected, that is, the ready seedling trays (28) are collected, which undergo quality control in the eighth stage and then packaging in the ninth stage.

[0162] With regard to plaster (11), it was clear that it can either enter the process by “incorporation” (figures 1 and 1A), where it is dissolved in water together with the other raw materials, or by “pulverization” (figures 2 and 2A), entering the alternative process in its final phase and being sprayed in a 20% plaster in water solution directly onto the molded and dried trays (18A).

[0163] Each ready seedling tray (28) is made up of a monoblock structure (31) obtained with molded cellulose pulp (3), added with biostimulants (10) and added with plaster (11) still within the mixer (9) in the case of the first process, or receives, by spraying, the biostimulants (10) and the plaster solution (11) and water at the end of the course inside the continuous dryer (26) in the case of the process variant, and in both cases the role of the plaster (11) is to increase the mechanical resistance of the monoblock structure (31) of the ready seedling tray (28) in addition to being a source of Calcium and Sulphur.

[0164] Each tray of ready seedlings (28) added with biostimulants (10) and plaster (11) has the configuration illustrated in figure 3, in which it can be noted that the monoblock structure (31) of said tray of ready seedlings (28) added with biostimulants (10) and plaster (11) is composed of the standardized distribution of containers (32) that configure, each one, one of the biocompostable germination cells added with biostimulants and plaster for the development and planting of seedlings, hereinafter referred to only as cell (100).

[0165] Each cell (100) constitutes the environment and the means of accommodation and protection in which the substrate (33) is deposited, which will later receive the seed to be germinated, thus giving rise to the seedling (34).

[0166] The substrate application phase (33) and sowing occur with the cells (100) still integrated into the monoblock structure (31) of the ready seedling tray (28), and after germination and at the time of transfer of the seedling (34) to the seedling nursery, the cells (100) are detached and planted individually in the nursery substrate, already in the configuration of individual cells (100).

[0167] Unlike what happens when using conventional trays (35) made of plastic, the ready-to-plant seedling trays (28) are broken down at the time of planting in the nursery by separating their various cells (100), which are planted together with the substrate (33) and the seedling (34) already in the rooting phase.

[0168] Therefore, the load of biostimulants (10) added to the material (pulp (3)) with which the tray of ready seedlings (28), and consequently each cell (100), is manufactured accompanies the plant in its development phase within the nursery soil.

[0169] Therefore, the cell material itself (100) and its load of biostimulants (10) and plaster (11) become part of the soil of the nursery to which the seedling (34) is transferred, which means that there is no waste of material and much less is any type of material generated that needs to be discarded or recycled, unlike what occurs with the plastic trays (35) that are part of the state of the art.

[0170] Figure 3 illustrates the ready seedling tray (28) according to a configuration that presents a total of one hundred individual cells (100) and arranged in ten alignments of ten cells (100), and it should be made clear that other patterns of numbers of cells (100) per unit of ready seedling tray (28) can be implemented. The same ready seedling tray (28) can also be seen from a higher angle in figure 4.

[0171] Figure 5 illustrates a schematic detail taken from one of the corners of the tray of ready seedlings (28), where four cell units (100) can be observed and where in each of these cells (100) the presence, also schematically, of a given volume of substrate (33) and of a corresponding seedling (34) already in the germination phase is indicated.

[0172] And figure 6 illustrates a cell unit (100) detached from the ready seedling tray (28), housing it with a given volume of substrate (33) and seedlings (34) in development. Said figure 6 depicts the condition of the cell (100) being ready for planting in a nursery. Figure 7 illustrates a comparative photographic reproduction between the seedling germination phase both with respect to the use of the cell (100) proposed herein, as well as with respect to germination in state-of-the-art plastic trays (35), where in the case of the cells (100) proposed herein, which are still grouped in the form of the ready seedling tray (28), the germination rate exceeds 90%.

[0173] Figure 8 illustrates a photographic reproduction of the roots (37) of a vegetable (36), more specifically of a lettuce plant cultivated with the cell (100) proposed here.

[0174] Figure 9 illustrates a photographic reproduction of two arugula seedlings with 8 (eight) days of cultivation, where the specimen on the left consists of a seedling (34) cultivated with the present cell (100), while the specimen on the side is a seedling (34A) cultivated in a state-of-the-art plastic tray (35), in both examples the substrate is indicated with the same reference (33).

[0175] Figure 10 illustrates four arugula specimens with 11 (eleven) days of cultivation using the hydroponics process, the two specimens on the left being seedlings (34) cultivated with the cell (100) presented here, while the two specimens on the right are seedlings (34A) cultivated in conventional plastic trays (35). The difference in development of the plants cultivated with the cell (100) in question can be clearly seen when compared with the plants cultivated in the plastic trays (35) currently in use.

[0176] Figure 11 illustrates a photographic image of two trays of ready seedlings (28) in which the cells (100) proposed here and not yet highlighted are incorporated, in which lettuce seedlings (34) are germinating, with a germination time of 15 (fifteen) days, and where the high germination rate can be seen, greater than 90% in each of the two trays of ready seedlings (28).

[0177] Figure 12 illustrates a photographic image of two broccoli specimens, where the vegetable specimen (36) on the left was grown in the cell (100) proposed here and has 32 (thirty-two) days in the field, while the vegetable specimen (36A) on the right was grown in a conventional plastic tray (35) and has 47 (forty-seven) days in the field, with a clear difference in the development of the plants, notably with regard to their respective roots (37) and (37A). Below, Table 1 lists the substances that make up a form of embodiment of the formula of the biostimulant additives (10) in its version with a base for “incorporation” into the pulp (3) when it is still in the preparation phase, as depicted in Figure 1 and in its corresponding block diagram presented in Figure 1A, thus resulting in the tray of ready seedlings (28), from which, at the time of planting, the cells (100) are separated:

[0178] Below, Table 2 lists the substances that make up a form of embodiment of the formula of biostimulant additives (10) in its version with a base for incorporation by “spraying” onto the molded seedling trays (18), as shown in figure 2 and in its corresponding block diagram shown in figure 2 a , thus resulting in trays of ready seedlings (28), from which the cells (100) are separated at the time of planting:

[0179] Table 3 below shows the function of each of the nutrients that make up the raw materials described above:

[0180] Comparison of seedlings with and without tray

[0181] Species studied as an example to determine the best performance in the development of a plant through cultivation in a cell (100): Arugula.

[0182] Arugula (Eruca sativa) is a leafy vegetable belonging to the Brassicaceae family, originating in the Mediterranean region. It is an annual, herbaceous plant with relatively thick, subdivided leaves, a light green blade, and purplish-green veins (CUNHA et al., 2013). Although it thrives in a wide range of temperatures, it thrives best in mild temperatures between 15 and 18°C. Its growth cycle is approximately 45 to 50 days, varying with the season (BOLDT, 2014).

[0183] With its spicy leaves, highly appreciated in salads, arugula is a vegetable that enjoys significant global recognition. In Brazil, its consumption has been growing, partly due to its nutritional and medicinal properties, as its leaves are rich in vitamins A and C and minerals (FERREIRA et al., 2014). According to Moura et al. (2008), demand for this vegetable has contributed to increased production, combined with attractive market values ​​for producers, which in recent years have proven to be higher than those of other leafy vegetables, such as lettuce, chicory, chicory, and kale. Despite its high value and considerable importance in Brazilian agriculture, arugula remains an understudied vegetable, despite the high demand for technical information about the crop (PINHEIRO et al., 2012).

[0184] The experiment was conducted in the experimental area of ​​a laboratory located in Araucária, PR. LAMAQ AGRO Physical-Chemical Analysis, led by the Responsible Chemical Technician Luiz Felipe Prestes. The municipality of Araucária is among the geographic coordinates. The soils in the study area are Argisols. The climate of the region is Cfb, according to the Köppen classification, that is, humid subtropical (oceanic climate), with an average annual temperature of 17°C. Relative humidity ranges from 80% to 90%. The experiment was conducted between January and February 2023, in a nursery measuring 4x12 meters, with a 3-meter ceiling height and 70% shade cover. The trays (the ready-to-use seedling tray (28) and a conventional plastic tray (35)) were placed on wooden benches, 70 cm high, and measuring 60x220 cm. During the experiment implementation period, the maximum temperature was 30°C and the minimum was 23°C.

[0185] The arugula seeds used in the experiment were from Isla Cultivada, a traditional arugula variety. It produces vigorous, uniform plants that regrow easily. It produces long, dark green, jagged leaves, approximately 19 cm long. They have a milder flavor, and their growth cycle ranges from 40 to 60 days.

[0186] Seeding occurred in cells (100) and in flexible plastic trays with 100 cells (100) receiving three seeds in each cell (100) at a depth of 1 cm. The seedlings were maintained in greenhouse conditions and subjected to manual irrigation, two daily applications. The beginning of germination in the cells (100) occurred on the fourth day after sowing (DAS), while in the plastic tray it occurred on the fifth day. The same substrate was used for both trays.

[0187] A chemical analysis was carried out on samples from the ready seedling trays (28) from which the cells (100) manufactured with organic materials are removed, as depicted in the present Invention Patent application. The result of such laboratory analysis is reproduced in figure 14, which depicts the Report (L) produced by the LAMAQ AGRO laboratory - dated 10 / 17 / 2023.

[0188] The cell (100) which is the subject of this Invention Patent application may have in its composition, in addition to the cellulose pulp (3), which is an agglomerate of cellulose fibers, a series of other raw materials, such as those that can be selected from the group that includes:

[0189] Starch: Starch is a complex carbohydrate formed by glucose units. Starch is abundant in nature and is synthesized by higher plants through photosynthesis and various enzymes. Because it is present in vegetables, starch has implications for the processing of foods rich in this polysaccharide due to its diverse physicochemical and functional properties. It can be extracted from a variety of plant materials.

[0190] Organic Matter: Organic matter (OM) is formed from decomposing organisms, plant residues and animal waste.

[0191] Lignin: Lignin is a natural polymer found in terrestrial plants, primarily gymnosperms and angiosperms. It is one of the main components of wood, responsible for providing rigidity and mechanical support.

[0192] Humic and fulvic acids: These are dark precipitates, soluble in mineral acids and organic solvents, with high molecular weight and cation exchange capacity, as well as a high content of carboxylic acids and a large amount of nitrogen. Fulvic acid, on the other hand, is soluble in water, acidic, and alkaline solutions. They stimulate the synthesis of plant hormones, such as auxin, and enzymes, promoting other effects in plants, which favor germination, flowering, and shoot growth.

[0193] Enzymes and amino acids: Enzymes are catalysts for metabolic reactions that occur in living beings, that is, intracellular reactions (which occur inside the cell). Their function is to transport essential nutrients. They promote the slow release of nutrients, facilitating their retention and increasing their availability in the soil for plant absorption. They have a high water-concentrating capacity. Mixed with the soil, they ensure the aeration necessary to promote the respiration of plants and microorganisms that participate in the decomposition of organic material. They facilitate drainage and prevent soil compaction.

[0194] Ammonium Acetate (CH3COONH4): Contains 16% water-soluble nitrogen. Obtained by the reaction of ammonia with acetic acid.

[0195] Calcium Acetate (Ca (C2H3O2)2. H2O): Contains 18% water-soluble Ca Calcium. Obtained by the reaction of Acetic Acid with Calcite.

[0196] Cobalt Acetate (Co (C2H3O2)2.4H2O): Contains 18% water-soluble Cobalt. Obtained by the Reaction of Acetic Acid and Cobalt Oxide.

[0197] Copper Acetate (Cu (C2H3O2)2.2H2O): Contains 23% water-soluble Cu Copper, obtained from the reaction of Acetic Acid and Copper Oxide.

[0198] Iron Acetate (FeOH(C2H3O2)2): Contains 23% Fe Iron total content. Obtained from the reaction of acetic acid with hematite.

[0199] Magnesium Acetate (Mg (C2H3O2)2): Contains 13% water-soluble Mg Magnesium. Obtained from the reaction of Acetic Acid with Magnesite.

[0200] Manganese Acetate (Mn (C2H3O2)2): Contains 25% water-soluble Mn Manganese. Obtained from the Reaction of Acetic Acid with Manganous Oxide.

[0201] Potassium Acetate (KC2H3O2): Contains 38% water-soluble Potassium K2O. Obtained from the reaction of Acetic Acid with Potassium.

[0202] Zinc Acetate (Zn (C2H3O2)2): Contains 28% water-soluble Zn Zinc. Obtained from the reaction of acetic acid with zinc oxide.

[0203] Boric Acid (H3BO3): Contains 17% water-soluble Boron. Obtained from Sodium or Calcium Borate, treated with Sulfuric or Hydrochloric Acid.

[0204] Phosphoric Acid (H3PO4): Contains 40% water-soluble P2O5. Obtained from the reaction of phosphate rock with sulfuric acid.

[0205] Lithothamnium Seaweed: Contains 32% Ca, 2% Mg, Calcium, and Magnesium total contents. Extraction and powder grinding of natural deposits of lithothamnium seaweed. Physical nature specification: Powder.

[0206] Anhydrous Ammonia: Contains 82% N Nitrogen (N) total N content in the ammoniacal form (NH3). Obtained from the catalytic synthesis between nitrogen from atmospheric air and hydrogen from hydrocarbon cracking. Aquammonia: Contains 10% N Nitrogen (N) total N content in the ammoniacal form (aqueous solution). Obtained from the reaction of anhydrous ammonia with water.

[0207] Ammonium Bicarbonate (NH4HCO3). Contains 17.5% N Nitrogen (N) total N content in ammoniacal form. Obtained from the reaction of ammonia and carbon dioxide in an aqueous medium.

[0208] Potassium Bicarbonate (KHCO3): Contains 30% water-soluble potassium K2O (K2O). Obtained from the reaction of potassium carbonate with carbon dioxide and water.

[0209] Monoethanolamine Borate: Contains 8% water-soluble Boron. Obtained from the reaction of Boric Acid Ester with monoethanolamine.

[0210] Zinc borate (2ZnO.3B2O3.nH2O): Contains 14% B 29% Zn. Total boron content, Total zinc content, obtained from the reaction of zinc oxide with boric acid.

[0211] Borax (Na2B4O7. nH2O): It has 10% of B Boron content soluble in water a) from the reaction of Boric Anhydride with Sodium Hydroxide, b) from the hot reaction of boric acid with sodium metaborate (2 H3BO3 + 2 NaBO2 --> Na2B4O7 + 3 H2O).

[0212] Sulfur Sludge: Contains 50% total sulfur content. Obtained from the processing (drying, grinding and sieving) of the material resulting from the filtration of sulfur used in the production of sulfuric acid.

[0213] Iron and Zinc Phosphate Sludge: Contains 20% P2O5, 10% Fe, and 3% Zn. Total P2O5 content and a minimum of 18% P2O5, soluble in CNA and water. Total zinc and iron contents. Obtained from the processing (drying and grinding) of the neutralized sedimented material resulting from the treatment of metal sheets with phosphoric acid and zinc.

[0214] Calcium Carbonate (CaCO3): Contains 32% total Calcium content in the form of Carbonate. It can be obtained through:

[0215] 1) grinding and sieving of calcitic limestone rock;

[0216] 2) precipitation of milk of lime; and

[0217] 3) grinding of seashells.

[0218] Calcium and Magnesium Carbonate (CaMg) (CO3)2: Contains 18% Ca and 3% Mg, Calcium and Magnesium, total contents in the form of Carbonate. Obtained through grinding and sieving of dolomitic limestone rock.

[0219] Cobalt Carbonate (CoCO3): Contains 42% Cobalt total content. Obtained from the reaction of Co(NO3)2.6H2O with Sodium Carbonate. TI

[0220] Copper Carbonate (CuCO3. Cu (OH)2): Contains 48% total Cu Copper content. Obtained from the reaction of CuSO4. 5H2O with Sodium Carbonate.

[0221] Iron Carbonate (FeCO3): Contains 41% Fe Iron total content. Obtained from the reaction of FeCI2 with Sodium Carbonate.

[0222] Magnesium Carbonate (MgCO3): Contains 25% Mg Magnesium total content. Obtained from grinding and sieving Magnesite.

[0223] Manganese Carbonate (MnCO3): Contains 40% total Mn Manganese content. Obtained from the reaction of Manganese Sulfate (MnSO4) with Sodium Carbonate or Ammonium Bicarbonate (NH4HCO3).

[0224] Nickel Carbonate (NiCO3): Contains 39% total Ni Nickel content. Obtained from the reaction of Nickel Sulfate with Sodium Carbonate followed by purification.

[0225] Potassium Carbonate (K2CO3): Contains 66% water-soluble K2O. Obtained from the precipitation of Potassium Chloride (KCI) with Sodium Bicarbonate (Na2CO3).

[0226] Zinc Carbonate (ZnCO3): Contains 49% total Zn Zinc content. Obtained from the reaction of ZnSO4 with Sodium Carbonate.

[0227] Calcium Cyanamide: Contains 18% N, 26% Ca, and a total nitrogen content of at least 75% in the cyanamide form, and may contain up to 3% nitrogen in the form of calcium nitrate. Obtained from the reaction of calcium carbide with nitrogen with the addition of nitrate.

[0228] Potassium Citrate (K2C6H5O7.H2O): Contains 42% water-soluble K2O. Obtained by the reaction of Citric Acid with Potassium Hydroxide or Potassium Carbonate.

[0229] Cupric Chloride (CuCI2.6H2O): Contains 20% water-soluble Cu Copper. Obtained from the reaction of Copper Carbonate with Hydrochloric Acid. Contains a minimum of 23% Chlorine (Cl).

[0230] Ammonium Chloride (NH4CI): Contains 25% N. Nitrogen must be in the ammoniacal form. It can be obtained by: Neutralization of Hydrochloric Acid with Ammonia, Reaction between Ammonium Carbonate and Sodium Chloride. Minimum of 62% Chlorine (Cl).

[0231] Calcium Chloride (CaCI2. 2H2O): Contains 24% water-soluble Ca Calcium. Obtained from the reaction of Calcium Oxide with Hydrochloric Acid. Minimum 43% Chlorine (Cl). Cobalt Chloride (CoCI2. 2H2O): Contains 34% water-soluble Co Cobalt. Obtained from the reaction of Cobalt Carbonate with Hydrochloric Acid. Minimum 40% Chlorine (Cl).

[0232] Magnesium Chloride (MgCl2. 6H2O): Contains 10% water-soluble Mg Magnesium. Obtained from the reaction of Magnesium Oxide (MgO) with Hydrochloric Acid. Minimum of 26% Chlorine (Cl).

[0233] Manganese Chloride (MnCI2. 4H2O): Contains 25% water-soluble Mn Manganese. Obtained from the reaction of Manganese Oxide (MnO2) with Hydrochloric Acid with a minimum of 32% Chlorine (Cl).

[0234] Potassium Chloride (KCl): Contains 50% water-soluble K2O. Obtained from crude potassium salts by selective dissolution, flotation, or other separation methods. Contains a minimum of 39% chlorine (Cl).

[0235] Zinc Chloride (ZnCI2): Contains 24% water-soluble Zn Zinc. Obtained from the reaction of Zinc Oxide (ZnO) with Hydrochloric Acid. Minimum of 26% Chlorine (Cl).

[0236] Ferric Chloride (FeCI3. 6H2O): Contains 15% Fe. Iron soluble in water. Obtained from the reaction of Iron (Fe) with Hydrochloric Acid. Contains a minimum of 30% Chlorine (Cl).

[0237] Ferrous Chloride (FeCI2. 4H2O): Contains 23% Fe. Iron soluble in water. Obtained from the reaction of Iron (Fe) with Hydrochloric Acid in the presence of a reducer. Minimum of 30% Chlorine (Cl).

[0238] Colemanite (CaO. 3B2.O3 5H2O or CaB4O7.15H2O): It has 8% total Boron in the form of Calcium Borate. It has a minimum of 6% Ca.

[0239] Natural compound of carbonaceous shale with calcium and magnesium carbonate (CaMg)(CO3)2+FeS2: Contains 8% Ca, 6% Mg, and 1.2% S. Total Ca, Mg, and S contents. Obtained from grinding and sieving the natural compound made up of shale rocks.

[0240] Silicon Dioxide (SiO2): Contains 14% Si total Si content. Obtained by grinding quartz into nanometric particles to form a concentrated suspension with physical, chemical, and physicochemical stability of 14% Si.

[0241] Dunite: Contains 24% Mg, 16% Si, magnesium, and silicon in total. Physical specification: Powder. Grinding and sieving of dunite rock. This product can be granulated as long as it is produced according to the authorized physical specification and a disintegrating agent is used.

[0242] Elemental Sulfur (S°): Contains 95% total sulfur content. Produced from the extraction of natural sulfur deposits or from pyrite, a byproduct of natural gas, refinery gases, and coal smelters. It can also be obtained from calcium sulfate or anhydrite.

[0243] Calcined Bone Meal: Contains 18% P2O5. Phosphorus is determined as total P2O5 and a minimum of 16% soluble in 2% citric acid at a ratio of 1:100. Obtained by calcining and grinding bones into powder. Must contain at least 15% calcium.

[0244] Autoclaved Bone Meal: Contains 9% P2O5, 1% N. Phosphorus determined as total P2O5 and a minimum of 8% soluble in 2% citric acid at a ratio of 1:100. Total Nitrogen: Autoclaving of bones processed by direct saturated steam at over 140°C, under pressure above 7 Bar, for at least 3 (three) hours and grinding to powder. Must contain 3% or more Organic Carbon. Minimum of 14% Calcium.

[0245] Phonolite: Contains 8% K2O, 25% Si K2O, total content and a minimum of 1% soluble in 2% Citric Acid in a ratio of 1:100. Total silicon content. Obtained from grinding and sieving the natural mineral Phonolite.

[0246] Hydrothermalized Phonolite: It has 10% K2O 25% Si K2O total content and minimum of 3% soluble in Tartaric Acid 5% + 0.5% NaF in the ratio 1:500. Silicon total content.

[0247] Calcium Formate Ca(HCO2)2: Contains 24% water-soluble Calcium. Obtained from the reaction of Formic Acid with Calcite.

[0248] Cobalt formate Co(HCO2)2: Contains 23% water-soluble Cobalt. Obtained from the reaction of formic acid with cobalt oxide.

[0249] Copper Formate Cu.HCO2: Contains 35% water-soluble Copper. Obtained through the reaction of Formic Acid with Cuprous Oxide.

[0250] Ferrous Formate Fe(HCO2)2.2H2O: Contains 18% water-soluble Fe Iron. Obtained from the reaction of Formic Acid with hematite.

[0251] Magnesium Formate Mg(HCO2)2: Contains 16% water-soluble Mg Magnesium. Obtained from the reaction of Formic Acid with Calcined Magnesite.

[0252] Manganese Formate Mn(HCO2)2: Contains 22% water-soluble Mn Manganese. Obtained from the reaction of Formic Acid with Manganese Oxide. Potassium Formate (KHCO2): Contains 40% water-soluble Potassium K2O. Obtained from the reaction of Formic Acid with Potassium Hydroxide or Potassium Carbonate.

[0253] Zinc Formate Zn(HCO2)2: Contains 25% water-soluble Zn Zinc. Obtained from the reaction of Formic Acid with Zinc Oxide.

[0254] Acidulated Sulfuric Phosphate: Contains 15% P2O5, 15% Ca, and 10% S. Phosphorus determined as P2O5 soluble in Neutral Ammonium Citrate plus water, with a minimum of 60% of this content soluble in water. Obtained from the reaction of ground phosphate rock with Sulfuric Acid.

[0255] Acidulated Phosphoric Phosphate: Contains 36% P2O5, 10% Ca, and phosphorus determined as P2O5 soluble in Neutral Ammonium Citrate plus water, with a minimum of 60% of this content soluble in water. Obtained by reacting ground phosphate rock with phosphoric acid.

[0256] Ammoniacal Cupric Phosphate (CuNH4PO4.H2O): Contains 32% Cu, 34% P2O5, 5% N, total nitrogen and copper contents. P2O5 is soluble in neutral ammonium citrate plus water. Obtained from the reaction of copper phosphate with ammonia.

[0257] Cobalt Phosphate Co3(PO4)2: Contains 41% Co 32% P2O5 total Cobalt content and P2O5 soluble in Neutral Ammonium Citrate plus water. Obtained from the reaction of CoCI2 with Ammonium Phosphate (NH4)2.HPO4.

[0258] Diammonium Phosphate (DAP): Contains 17% N, 45% P2O5, total nitrogen content, and P2O5 content soluble in CNA plus water and a minimum of 38% soluble in water. Obtained from the reaction of Phosphoric Acid with Ammonia. Nitrogen in ammoniacal form.

[0259] Crystalline Diammonium Phosphate (Crystalline DAP): Contains 19% N, 50% P2O5, and water-soluble nitrogen and phosphorus. Obtained through the following reactions:

[0260] 1) Reaction of high purity Phosphoric Acid with Ammonia; and

[0261] 2) Purification of DAP. Nitrogen in ammoniacal form.

[0262] Ammoniacal Ferrous Phosphate Fe(NH4)PO4.H2O: Contains 29% Fe, 36% P2O5, and 5% N. Water-soluble iron. P2O5 is soluble in neutral ammonium citrate plus water. Obtained through the ammoniation of Ferrous Phosphate.

[0263] Monoammonium Phosphate (MAP): Has 9% N, 48% P2O5, total nitrogen content, and P2O5 content, soluble in CNA plus water, and a minimum of 44% soluble in water. Reaction of Phosphoric Acid with Ammonia. Nitrogen in the ammoniacal form. Crystal Monoammonium Phosphate (MAP Crystal): Has 11% N, 60% P2O5, nitrogen, and phosphorus, water-soluble contents. It can be obtained through the following reactions:

[0264] 1) Reaction of high purity phosphoric acid with ammonia. Nitrogen in ammoniacal form; and

[0265] 2) MAP purification.

[0266] Monopotassium Phosphate (KH2PO4): Contains 51% P2O5, 33% K2O. Phosphorus determined as water-soluble P2O5 and water-soluble K2O. Obtained by the reaction of Potassium Hydroxide with Phosphoric Acid.

[0267] Natural Phosphate: Contains 5% P2O5 Phosphorus determined as total P2O5 and a minimum of 15% of the total content soluble in 2% citric acid in a ratio of 1:100.

[0268] Partially Acidulated Phosphate: Contains 20% P2O5, 16% Ca, and phosphorus determined as total P2O5, with a minimum of 9% soluble in Neutral Ammonium Citrate plus water, and a minimum of 5% soluble in water. Partial acidulation of ground phosphate rock with Sulfuric Acid, Hydrochloric Acid, or Phosphoric Acid. May contain up to 6% Sulfur (S) and up to 2% Magnesium (Mg). Minimum of 11% P2O5 soluble in 2% Citric Acid at a ratio of 1:100.

[0269] Precipitated Phosphate: Contains 7% P2O5, 12% Ca, and a total phosphorus content of at least 3% P2O5, soluble in Neutral Ammonium Citrate and water. Produced by drying, grinding, and screening the material resulting from the treatment of effluents from the solubilization of phosphate rocks using the acidic route, by adding calcium oxide and calcium and magnesium carbonate.

[0270] Reactive Natural Phosphate: Contains 12% P2O5, 10% Ca, Phosphorus determined as total P2O5 and a minimum of 30% of the total content soluble in 2% Citric Acid in a ratio of 1:100. Obtained through extraction and grinding and, optionally, processing through the hydropneumatic homogenization or flotation process.

[0271] Tripotassium Phosphate (K3PO4): Contains 32% P2O5, 64% K2O, and water-soluble Phosphorus and Potassium. Obtained through the direct reaction of phosphoric acid with caustic potash.

[0272] Calcined Phosphate: Contains 18% P2O5 total phosphorus and a minimum of 14% soluble in CNA + water. Obtained by calcining phosphate rock at temperatures above 650°C and below 1,000°C. Ammonium Phosphite: Contains 10% water-soluble nitrogen. Obtained by the reaction of phosphorous acid with ammonium hydroxide or carbonate. May contain a maximum of 2% residual sodium and must contain at least 26% P2O5 derived exclusively from phosphorous acid.

[0273] Calcium Phosphite: Contains 5% water-soluble calcium. Obtained through the reaction of phosphorous acid with calcium oxide or calcium hydroxide. May contain a maximum of 2% residual sodium (Na). Must contain at least 17.4% P2O5 derived exclusively from phosphorous acid.

[0274] Cobalt Phosphite: Contains 7% water-soluble Cobalt. Obtained through the reaction of phosphorous acid with cobalt hydroxide or carbonate. It may contain a maximum of 2% residual sodium and must contain at least 17.1% P2O5 derived exclusively from phosphorous acid.

[0275] Copper Phosphite: Contains 3% water-soluble Cu. Obtained through the reaction of phosphorous acid with copper oxide, hydroxide, carbonate, or sulfate. It may contain a maximum of 2% residual sodium and must contain at least 6.7% P2O5 derived exclusively from phosphorous acid.

[0276] Iron Phosphite: Contains 4% water-soluble iron. Obtained through the reaction of phosphorous acid with iron hydroxide or carbonate. It may contain a maximum of 2% residual sodium and must contain at least 10.1% P2O5 derived exclusively from phosphorous acid.

[0277] Magnesium Phosphite: Contains 3% water-soluble Mg Magnesium. Obtained through the reaction of phosphorous acid with magnesium oxide or magnesium hydroxide. May contain a maximum of 2% residual sodium (Na). Must contain at least 17.6% P2O5 derived exclusively from phosphorous acid.

[0278] Manganese Phosphite (MnHPO3.nH2O): Contains 8% water-soluble Mn Manganese. Obtained through the reaction of phosphorous acid with manganese oxide (MnO) or manganese carbonate (MnCO3). It may contain a maximum of 2% residual sodium (Na). It must contain at least 20.8% P2O5 originating exclusively from phosphorous acid.

[0279] Nickel Phosphite: Contains 4% water-soluble Ni. Obtained through the reaction of phosphorous acid with nickel hydroxide or carbonate. May contain a maximum of 2% residual sodium and must contain at least 9.6% P2O5 derived exclusively from phosphorous acid. Potassium Phosphite: Contains 20% water-soluble K2O. Obtained through the reaction of phosphorous acid with potassium hydroxide or carbonate. May contain a maximum of 2% residual sodium (Na). Must contain at least 27% P2O5 derived exclusively from phosphorous acid.

[0280] Zinc Phosphite: Contains 8% water-soluble Zn. Obtained through the reaction of phosphorous acid with Zinc Oxide. May contain a maximum of 2% residual Sodium (Na). Must contain at least 17.7% P2O5 originating exclusively from phosphorous acid.

[0281] Ammonium Phosphosulfate: Contains 13% N, 20% P2O5, and 12% S. Phosphorus determined as P2O5, soluble in Neutral Ammonium Citrate plus water. Nitrogen in ammoniacal form. Reaction between Anhydrous Ammonia and a mixture of Phosphoric and Sulfuric Acid.

[0282] Hydroboracite (CaO.MgO.3B2O3. 6H2O): Has 7% B Boron total content. Obtained through physical processing of the natural mineral. Minimum of 7% Ca and 4% Mg.

[0283] Calcium Hydroxide (Ca (OH)2): Contains 48% Ca Calcium total content. Total calcination, hydration, grinding and sieving of the calcite mineral.

[0284] Calcium and Magnesium Hydroxide: Contains 24% Ca and 4% Mg, total calcium (Ca) and magnesium (Mg). Total calcination, hydration, grinding and sieving of the mineral dolomite or the mixture of calcite and magnesite.

[0285] Potassium Hydroxide (KOH): Contains 71% K2O, soluble in water. Obtained through the electrolysis of a saturated Potassium Chloride solution with subsequent purification.

[0286] Magnesium Hydroxide (Mg(OH)2): Contains 35% total magnesium content. Obtained by precipitating soluble magnesium salt with ammonium hydroxide.

[0287] Ammonium Molybdate ((NH4)6Mo7O24.2H2O): Contains 52% Mo, 5% N, water-soluble Molybdenum and Nitrogen. Obtained through the reaction of Molybdic Acid with Ammonium Hydroxide.

[0288] Monoethanolamine Molybdate: Contains 10% water-soluble Molybdenum. Molybdic Acid Ester with Monoethanolamine Potassium Molybdate (K2MoO4.5H2O): Contains 28% Mo, 27% K2O, Molybdenum, and Potassium, soluble in water. Obtained by the reaction of molybdenum trioxide (MoO3) with potassium hydroxide (KOH). May contain a maximum of 0.5% residual Chlorine (Cl). Sodium Molybdate (Na2MoO4.2H2O): Contains 39% water-soluble Molybdenum in the form of Obtained through the reaction of Molybdenum Trioxide with Sodium Hydroxide.

[0289] Roasted Molybdenite: Contains 57% Mo Molybdenum total content. Obtained by roasting Molybdenite (MoS2).

[0290] Magnesium Multiphosphate: Contains 18% P2O5, 8% Ca, 3% Mg, 6% S, Phosphorus content soluble in CNA plus water and a minimum of 8% soluble in water. Calcium, Magnesium, and Sulfur total contents. Obtained through the reaction of ground phosphate rock with Sulfuric Acid and Magnesium Oxide.

[0291] Ammonium Nitrate: Contains 32% N Nitrogen in total. Obtained by neutralizing nitric acid with anhydrous ammonia. Nitrogen must be 50% in the ammoniacal form and 50% in the nitric form. In the case of solutions, the content must be water-soluble.

[0292] Ammonium and Calcium Nitrate: Contains 20% N, 2% Ca, and total nitrogen and calcium contents. It can be obtained through the following reactions:

[0293] 1) Addition of limestone or dolomite to Anhydrous Ammonia and Nitric Acid.

[0294] 2) Addition of limestone or dolomite over molten Ammonium Nitrate.

[0295] 3) Mixture of Calcium Nitrate with Ammonium Carbonate.

[0296] Nitrogen should be 50% in the ammoniacal form and 50% in the nitric form. Calcium Nitrate: Contains 14% N and 16% Ca. Nitrogen and calcium are soluble in water. It can be obtained through the following reactions:

[0297] 1) Reaction of Nitric Acid with Calcium Oxide or Carbonate.

[0298] 2) Reaction of Nitric Acid with Calcium Oxide or Carbonate and neutralization of residual free acidity with Anhydrous Ammonia. Product resulting from the manufacture of Nitrophosphate with subsequent Nitrogen in the nitric form, which in production modes 2 and 3 may have up to 1.5% N in the ammoniacal form due to the addition of anhydrous ammonia, characterizing the product as a Double Salt, and subsequent neutralization of residual acidity with Anhydrous Ammonia.

[0299] Cobalt Nitrate (Co(NO3)2.6H2O): Contains 17% Co and 8% N. Nitrogen and Cobalt are soluble in water. Obtained from the reaction of cobalt carbonate (CoCO3) with Nitric Acid.

[0300] Copper Nitrate (Cu(NO3)2.3H2O): Contains 22% Cu and 9% N. Copper soluble in water. Obtained through the reaction of copper oxide (CuO) with Nitric Acid.

[0301] Magnesium Nitrate (Mg(NO3)2.6H2O): Contains 8% Mg and 10% N. Magnesium is soluble in water. Obtained from the reaction of MgO with Nitric Acid.

[0302] Manganese Nitrate (Mn(NO3)2.nH2O): Contains 16% Mn and 8% N. Water-soluble manganese. Obtained from the reaction of manganese oxide (MnO) or manganese carbonate (MnCO3) with nitric acid.

[0303] Potassium Nitrate: Contains 44% K2O, 12% N, and water-soluble nitrogen and potassium. Produced through:

[0304] 1) Recovery of caliche by crystallization of wash water.

[0305] 2) Reaction of Potassium Chloride with Nitric Acid.

[0306] 3) From Potassium Chloride and Sodium Nitrate by selective dissolutions. Nitrogen must be in the nitric form.

[0307] Sodium Nitrate: Contains 16% water-soluble nitrogen. Obtained through:

[0308] 1) Purification and concentration of caliche.

[0309] 2) Action of Nitrogen oxide on Sodium Hydroxide or bleach.

[0310] 3) Action of Nitric Acid on Sodium Hydroxide or bleach.

[0311] Nitrogen must be in nitric form. The perchlorate content, expressed as sodium perchlorate, cannot be greater than 1%.

[0312] Zinc Nitrate (Zn(NO3)2.6H2O): Contains 8% N, 18% Zn, and water-soluble nitrogen and zinc. Obtained from the reaction of Zinc Oxide (ZnO) with Nitric Acid. Nitrogen in nitric form.

[0313] Double Sodium and Potassium Nitrate: Contains 14% N, 8% K2O, and water-soluble nitrogen and potassium. Obtained from caliche refining. Nitrogen in nitric form.

[0314] Ferric Nitrate (Fe(NO3)3.9H2O): Contains 8% N, 11% Fe, and water-soluble nitrogen and iron. Obtained from the reaction of Iron (Fe) with Nitric Acid. Nitrogen in nitric form.

[0315] Nitrophosphate: Contains 14% N, 18% P2O5, 6% Ca, phosphorus, soluble in neutral ammonium citrate plus water, and a minimum of 14% P2O5, soluble in water. Total nitrogen and calcium contents. Obtained by the reaction between ground phosphate rock and nitric acid or a mixture of acids. Nitrogen in the nitric form. Calcium nitrosulfur: Contains 24% N, 3% S, and 3% Ca. Total nitrogen, calcium, and sulfur contents. Obtained by the reaction of calcium sulfate with ammonium nitrate. The nitrogen must be half in the ammoniacal form and half in the nitric form.

[0316] Sodium Octaborate (Na2B8013.4H2O): Contains 20% water-soluble B Boron content.

[0317] 1) Fusion of Sodium Borate with Boric Anhydride.

[0318] 2) Reaction of boric acid with sodium hydroxide.

[0319] Potassium Octaborate (K2B8013.nH2O): Contains 19% B, 18% K2O, Boron and Potassium content, soluble in water. Obtained through the reaction of Boric Acid with Potassium Hydroxide.

[0320] Cupric Oxide (CuO): Contains 70% Cu Copper total content. Obtained through the calcination of finely ground metallic Copper.

[0321] Cuprous Oxide (Cu2O): Contains 80% Cu Copper total content. Obtained in an electrolytic process using metallic Copper or in a furnace reduction process using Cupric Oxide plus finely ground Metallic Copper.

[0322] Calcium Oxide (CaO): Contains 64% Ca Calcium total content. Obtained through total calcination, grinding and sieving of the calcite mineral.

[0323] Calcium and Magnesium Oxide: Contains 32% Ca and 6% Mg, total calcium and magnesium content. Obtained through the total calcination, grinding, and sieving of the mineral Dolomite or a mixture of calcite and magnesite.

[0324] Cobalt Oxide (CoO): Contains 56% total Cobalt content. Obtained through the total calcination, grinding and sieving of Cobalt Carbonate.

[0325] Iron Oxide (Fe2O3): Contains 45% Fe Iron in total. Obtained from the reaction of Metallic Iron and Sulfuric Acid, followed by a reaction with sodium hydroxide and oxidation.

[0326] Magnesium Oxide (MgO): Contains 45% Mg Magnesium total content. Obtained from the total calcination, grinding and sieving of magnesite.

[0327] Zinc Oxide (ZnO): Contains 72% Zn Zinc total content. Obtained from the calcination, grinding and sieving of metallic Zinc.

[0328] Manganous Oxide (MnO): Contains 50% Mn Manganese total content. Manganese Dioxide reduction at high temperature.

[0329] Sodium Pentaborate ((NaB5O8.5H2O) or (NaB5O8)): Contains 18% B

[0330] Total boron content. Obtained: 1) Fusion of Sodium Borate with Boric Anhydride.

[0331] 2) Reaction of boric acid with sodium hydroxide.

[0332] Ammonium Polyphosphate: Contains 10% N and 34% P2O5. Water-soluble nitrogen and phosphorus. Nitrogen in ammoniacal form. Obtained by reacting phosphoric acid with ammonia at temperatures between 170°C and 350°C.

[0333] Iron and Ammonium Polyphosphate (Fe(NH4)HP2O7): Contains 4% N, 55% P2O5, 22% Fe, total nitrogen, phosphorus and iron contents. Treatment of Ferric Pyrophosphate with ammonia.

[0334] Polyhalite (K2Ca2.MgSO4) 4.2H2O): It has 13% K2O, 11% Ca, 3% Mg, 18% S, Potassium content, soluble in water. Total sulfur, magnesium and calcium contents. Obtained in the extraction and processing of the natural mineral.

[0335] Boron Chelate: Contains 8% Boron. Water-soluble nutrients bound to a chelator. Obtained by reacting an inorganic salt with a chelating agent.

[0336] Cobalt Chelate: Contains 2% Co.

[0337] Copper Chelate: Contains 5% Cu.

[0338] Iron Chelate: Contains 5% Fe.

[0339] Manganese Chelate: Contains 5% Mn.

[0340] Molybdenum Chelate: Contains 3% Mo.

[0341] Nickel Chelate: Contains 2% Ni.

[0342] Zinc Chelate: Contains 7% Zn.

[0343] Calcium Chelate: Contains 2% Ca.

[0344] Magnesium Chelate: Contains 2% Mg.

[0345] Kamafugite Silicate Rock: It has 3.0% K2O 3.0% P2O5 2.8% Ca 2.4% Mg 15% Si Total potassium content (total K2O and minimum of 2.1% soluble in tartaric acid 5% + 0.5% NaF in the ratio 1:500); Total phosphorus content (total P2O5 and minimum of 1.5% soluble in citric acid 2% in the ratio 1:100); Total calcium, magnesium and silicon contents. Produced through grinding and sieving of the natural mineral.

[0346] Kamafugito Sodium Selenate (Na2SeO4): Contains 40% water-soluble Selenium. Produced through:

[0347] 1) Oxidation of sodium selenite with hydrogen peroxide;

[0348] 2) Reaction of selenious acid with Sodium Hydroxide.

[0349] Amorphous Silica (SiO2): Contains 22% Si total content, solid with physical nature specification: powder, flakes, microgranules or granules. Produced through the extraction and grinding of naturally occurring mineral amorphous silica deposits.

[0350] Calcium Silicate (CaSiO3): Contains 29% Ca, 20% Si, and 20% Silicon and Calcium total contents. Produced from grinding and heat treatment with daily temperature monitoring (minimum 1000°C) of Calcium Silicate; from grinding and heat treatment with daily monitoring (minimum 1000°C) of silicate compounds with calcitic compounds.

[0351] Calcium Magnesium Silicate (CaSiO3 + MgSiO3): Contains 7% Ca, 1% Mg, and 10% Si. Total silicon in the form of silicate. Total calcium. Total magnesium. Obtained through:

[0352] 1) from heat treatment with daily temperature monitoring (minimum 1000°C) of silicate compounds with Physical nature specification: powder and bran.

[0353] 2) from the treatment and grinding of silicate slag (steelmaking aggregate) generated in the iron and steel production process (steelmaking process).

[0354] Magnesium Silicate: Contains 24% Si, 21% Mg, and 21% Mg. Total silicon content. Obtained by melting nickel ore, followed by cooling, drying, and grinding the magnesium silicate generated in the production of iron-nickel alloys.

[0355] Potassium Silicate (K2SiO3): Contains 10% K2O, 10% Si, Potassium, and Silicon, water-soluble contents. Obtained through the reaction of silicate minerals or reactive silica with Potassium Hydroxide. Fluid: solution.

[0356] Sodium silicate (Na2SiO3): Contains 10% Si water-soluble silicon. Obtained from the reaction of silicate minerals or reactive silica with sodium carbonate or sodium sulfate. Fluid: solution.

[0357] Glauconitic Siltstone: It has 8% K2O 25% Si K2O total content and minimum of 4% soluble in Tartaric Acid 5% + 0.5% NaF in the ratio 1:500. Total silicon content. Produced by grinding and sieving the natural rock Glauconitic Siltstone.

[0358] Nitrogen Solution: Contains 14% N Nitrogen total content. Produced by dissolving aqueous solutions of Ammonia and / or Ammonium Nitrate and / or Urea or other Nitrogen compounds in water. Fluid: solution. In the case of solutions for foliar application, the content must be water-soluble. Ammonium Sulfate: Contains 20% N and 22% S Nitrogen and Sulfur total contents. Produced through:

[0359] 1) Neutralization of Sulfuric Acid by Anhydrous Ammonia.

[0360] 2) Reaction of Ammonium Carbonate with plaster.

[0361] 3) From coke oven gases from Sulfuric Acid manufacturing units.

[0362] Calcium Sulfate: Contains 16% Ca and 13% S. Calcium and sulfur total content. Product resulting from the manufacture of Phosphoric Acid. Gypsum processing.

[0363] Cobalt Sulfate (CoSO4.xH2O): Contains 10% S, 20% Co, Cobalt and Sulfur, water-soluble contents. Reaction of metallic cobalt, oxide, hydroxide, or cobalt carbonate with sulfuric acid.

[0364] Copper Sulfate (CuSO4.H2O): It has 1.1% S 24% Cu Copper content soluble in water. Produced through the reaction of Copper Oxide with Sulfuric Acid, or through the oxidation reaction of Metallic Copper with Sulfuric Acid.

[0365] Kieserite (MgSO4 .H2O): Contains 15% Mg and 20% S. Magnesium is water-soluble. Produced through the processing of hartsalz composed of sylvinite (KCl), halite (NaCl), and Kieserite.

[0366] Magnesium Sulfate (MgSO4.7H2O): It has 11% S 9% Mg Magnesium content soluble in water. Produced through the reaction of Magnesium Oxide with Sulfuric Acid.

[0367] Manganese Sulfate (MnSO4.H2O): It has 16% S 26% Mn Manganese content soluble in water. Reaction of Manganese oxides with Sulfuric Acid.

[0368] Potassium Sulfate (K2 SO4.H2O): Contains 48% K2O, 15% Potassium S, and is water-soluble. Produced from various potassium minerals. Contains 0 to 1.2% Magnesium (Mg).

[0369] Potassium and Magnesium Sulfate (K2 SO4.Mg SO4): Contains 20% K2O, 10% Mg, and 20% S. Potassium and Magnesium are water-soluble. Obtained by reacting Potassium salts and Magnesium salts with sulfuric acid. May contain 1% or more of Chlorine (Cl).

[0370] Potassium, calcium and magnesium sulfate (K2SO4.MgSO4.2CaSO4.2H2O): Contains 13% K2O, 1% Ca, 3% Mg, and 18% S. Water-soluble potassium content. Total Ca, Mg, and S contents. Produced through the extraction and processing of the natural mineral Polyhalite.

[0371] Nickel Sulfate (NISO4.6H2O): Contains 10% S, 19% Ni, Sulfur and Nickel, water-soluble contents. Produced from the reaction of sulfuric acid with metallic Nickel or Nickel carbonate.

[0372] Zinc Sulfate (ZnSO4.xH2O): Contains 9% S, 20% Zn, Zinc and Sulfur, water-soluble contents. Obtained through the reaction of Zinc Oxide or metallic Zinc with Sulfuric Acid.

[0373] Ferric Sulfate (Fe2(SO4)3.4H2O): Contains 18% S, 23% Fe, Iron and Sulfur, water-soluble contents. Obtained by oxidizing Ferrous Sulfate with oxygen or in contact with alkaline solutions.

[0374] Ferrous Sulfate: Contains 10% S and 19% Fe. Water-soluble iron in the form of sulfate (FeSO4xH2O0). Total sulfur content. Obtained through the reaction of metallic iron or iron carbonate with sulfuric acid. In the case of solutions, the content must be water-soluble.

[0375] Ammonium Sulfonitrate: Contains 25% N, 12% S, and total nitrogen and sulfur contents. Obtained through the reaction:

[0376] 1) Action of Ammonium Sulfate on molten Ammonium Nitrate.

[0377] 2) Neutralization of a mixture of Nitric and Sulfuric Acid with Anhydrous Ammonia.

[0378] 3) Nitrogen must be 75% in the Ammoniacal form and 25% in the Nitric form.

[0379] Ammonium and Magnesium Sulfonitrate: Contains 19% N, 3.5% Mg, and 10% S. Total nitrogen, magnesium, and sulfur contents. Obtained by neutralizing a mixture of sulfuric and nitric acid with anhydrous ammonia, with the addition of a magnesium compound. Nitrogen should be 67% in the ammoniacal form and 33% in the nitric form.

[0380] Double Superphosphate: Contains 28% P2O5, 16% Ca, and 5% S. Phosphorus determined as P2O5, soluble in Neutral Ammonium Citrate plus water, and a minimum of 24% soluble in water. Calcium and total sulfur. Obtained through:

[0381] 1) Reaction of ground phosphate rock with a mixture of Sulfuric and Phosphoric Acid.

[0382] 2) Treatment of Simple Superphosphate with Calcium Metaphosphate.

[0383] Simple Superphosphate: Contains 18% P2O5, 16% Ca, 10% S, soluble in Neutral Ammonium Citrate plus water, and a minimum of 16% in water. Total calcium and sulfur contents. Obtained by reacting ground phosphate rock with sulfuric acid.

[0384] Ammoniated Simple Superphosphate: Contains 1% N, 14% P2O5, 14% Ca, and 6% S. Total nitrogen, calcium, and sulfur contents, and phosphorus content, soluble in neutral ammonium citrate plus water. Reaction of powdered simple superphosphate with ammonia and sulfuric acid. Nitrogen in ammoniacal form. The sum of N + P2O5 soluble in neutral ammonium citrate plus water must be at least 18%.

[0385] Triple Superphosphate: Contains 41% P2O5, 10% Ca, and a soluble content in neutral ammonium citrate plus water. Total calcium content. Obtained by reacting ground phosphate rock with phosphoric acid.

[0386] Triple Ammonium Superphosphate. Contains 1% N, 38% P2O5, and 8% Ca. Phosphorus content soluble in Neutral Ammonium Citrate plus water. Total nitrogen and calcium contents. Obtained by reacting Triple Superphosphate powder with ammonia and phosphoric acid. Nitrogen in ammoniacal form. The sum of N + P2O5 soluble in Neutral Ammonium Citrate plus water must be at least 41%.

[0387] Magnesian Thermophosphate: It has 17% P2O5, 4% Mg, 16% Ca, 8% Si, total phosphorus content and minimum P2O5 of 11% in 2% Citric Acid in a ratio of 1:100. Obtained through the heat treatment of phosphate rock, apatitic concentrate or other sources of phosphorus with the addition of calcitic, magnesium and silicic compounds.

[0388] Potassium Magnesium Thermophosphate: Contains 12% P2O5, 3% K2O, 16% Ca, 4% Mg, and 8% Si. Total phosphorus content and minimum of 6%, soluble in 2% citric acid in a ratio of 1:100.

[0389] Potassium content soluble in 2% citric acid in a ratio of 1:100. Calcium, magnesium, and silicon total contents. Produced from heat treatment at at least 1000°C (foundry) of phosphate rock or other phosphorus sources with the addition of magnesium, potassium, and silicic compounds.

[0390] Thermosuperphosphate: Contains 18% P2O5, 1% Mg, 10% Ca, 2% S, 1% Si, phosphorus determined as total P2O5; minimum of 16% P2O5 soluble in 2% citric acid in a ratio of 1:100 and minimum of 5% P2O5 soluble in water. Total calcium, sulfur, magnesium, and silicon contents. Obtained from the reaction followed by granulation of magnesium thermophosphate with single superphosphate and / or triple superphosphate and sulfuric acid. Tetrapotassium diphosphate (K4P2O7): Contains 54% K2O, 42% P2O5, water-soluble potassium and phosphorus. Obtained from the reaction of potassium hydroxide and diphosphoric acid.

[0391] Ammonium Thiosulfate ((NH4)2S2O3): Contains 11% N and 25% S. Water-soluble nitrogen and sulfur. Reaction between anhydrous ammonia (NH3), sulfur dioxide (SO2), elemental sulfur and water. Nitrogen determined in the ammoniacal form.

[0392] Calcium Thiosulfate (CaS2O3): Contains 6% Ca, 10% S, water-soluble calcium and sulfur. Obtained through the reaction between Calcium Hydroxide Ca(OH)2, sulfur dioxide (SO2), elemental sulfur and water.

[0393] Potassium Thiosulfate (K2S2O3): Contains 25% K2O, 17% S, Potassium and Sulfur soluble in water. Reaction between Potassium Hydroxide (KOH), sulfur dioxide (SO2), elemental Sulfur and water.

[0394] Molybdenum Trioxide (MoO3): Contains 57% Mo Molybdenum total content. Obtained by burning Ammonium Molybdate or roasting Molybdenite (MoS2).

[0395] Ulexite (Na2O.2.CaO.5B2 O3.16H2O): Has 8% B Boron total content. Physical Nature Specification: Powder. Produced through physical processing of the mineral. Minimum of 7% Ca and 6% Sodium total content.

[0396] Urea: Contains 45% N Nitrogen in total. Obtained through the reaction of Anhydrous Ammonia and Carbon Dioxide under pressure. The Nitrogen must be entirely in the amide form.

[0397] Urea-Formaldehyde: Contains 35% N Nitrogen total content. Reaction between Urea and Formaldehyde. Nitrogen in amide form. At least 60% of the Nitrogen must be insoluble in water.

[0398] Urea-Superphosphate ((NH2) 2CO.H3PO4): Contains 17% N, 43% P2O5, nitrogen in amide form and water-soluble phosphorus. Dissolution of technical-grade urea in food-grade phosphoric acid.

Claims

CLAIMS 1. “BIOCOMPOSTABLE GERMINATION CELL ADDITIVED WITH BIOSTIMULANTS AND GYPSUM FOR DEVELOPMENT AND PLANTING OF SEEDLINGS”, characterized by being intended to receive substrate (33) in which a seed is sown that germinates as a seedling (34) that develops into a plant (36); the cells (100) integrate a ready seedling tray (28) produced based on cellulose pulp (3) added with biostimulants (10) and gypsum (11); the ready seedling tray (28) from which the cells (100) are detached being produced based on vacuum-molded cellulose pulp (3) and being defined by a monoblock structure (31) in which containers (32) are provided; the cell (100) being defined when each unit of the container (32) is detached from the ready seedling tray (28);the biostimulants added to the ready seedling tray (28) and consequently present in the cell (100) are administered in its manufacture by the “incorporation” process and consequently to the cells (100) include: Water that acts as a mixing vehicle - unit L - quantity 15,000; cellulose that acts to reinforce the structure of the cells and retain water - unit Kg - quantity 2 to 5%; Ammonium sulfate, which acts as a source of Nitrogen and Sulfur - unit Kg - quantity 160; Monoammonium Phosphate, which acts as a source of Phosphorus and Nitrogen; Potassium Chloride, which acts as a source of Potassium - unit Kg - quantity 280; Potassium Silicate, which acts as a source of Silicon and Potassium - unit Kg - quantity 60; Gypsum (Calcium Sulphate) which acts on cell rigidity (100) and as a source of Calcium and Sulfur - unit Kg - quantity 200; Simple Super Phosphate - which acts as a source of Phosphate and Sulfur - unit Kg - quantity 120;and Humic Solution / Humic Acids, which acts as a source of Organic Acids - unit Kg - quantity 1000; alternatively, the biostimulants added to the ready seedling tray (28) in its manufacture by “spraying” process and consequently to the cells (100) include: Water, which acts as a mixing vehicle - unit L - quantity 1,000 to 15,000; Ammonium Sulfate, which acts as a source of Nitrogen and Sulfur - unit Kg - quantity 160; Monoammonium Phosphate, which acts as a source of Phosphorus and Nitrogen - unit Kg - quantity 440; Potassium Chloride, which acts as a source of Potassium - unit Kg - quantity 280; Potassium Silicate, which acts as a source of Silicon; and Potassium - unit Kg - quantity 60; Gypsum (calcium sulfate) which acts on cell rigidity and as a source of Calcium and Sulfur; which acts on cell rigidity (100) and as a source of Calcium and Sulfur - unit Kg - quantity 200; Simple Super Phosphate, which acts as a source of Phosphate and Sulfur - unit Kg - quantity 120; Humic Solution / Humic Acids (Source of Organic Acids), which acts as a source of Organic Acids - unit Kg - quantity 1000.

2. “BIOCOMPOSTABLE GERMINATION CELL ADDITIVED WITH BIOSTIMULANTS AND GYPSUM FOR DEVELOPMENT AND PLANTING OF SEEDLINGS”, according to claim 1, characterized in that the cell (100) even when integrated into the ready seedling tray (28) serves as support for the germination and development of the seedling (34), and when detached from the ready seedling tray (28), individualized as a cell (100), accompanies said seedling (34) in the planting phase.

3. “BIOCOMPOSTABLE GERMINATION CELL ADDITIVED WITH BIOSTIMULANTS AND GYPSUM FOR DEVELOPMENT AND PLANTING OF SEEDLINGS”, according to claim 1, characterized in that the cell (100) is biocompostable.

4. “BIOCOMPOSTABLE GERMINATION CELL ADDITIVED WITH BIOSTIMULANTS AND GYPSUM FOR DEVELOPMENT AND PLANTING OF SEEDLINGS”, according to claim 1, characterized in that the cellulose pulp (3) that constitutes the monoblock structure (31) of both the ready seedling tray (28), as well as of the cell (100) when detached from it, disperses the biostimulants (10) and the gypsum (11) in a prolonged manner from the planting phase, during the germination of the seedling (34) and even after planting the seedling (34) in a nursery and until its developed vegetable phase (36).

5. “BIOCOMPOSTABLE GERMINATION CELL ADDITIVED WITH BIOSTIMULANTS AND GYPSUM FOR DEVELOPMENT AND PLANTING OF SEEDLINGS”, according to claim 1, characterized in that the cell (100) can be used in hydroponic production processes.

6. “PROCESS FOR MANUFACTURING A BIOCOMPOSTABLE GERMINATION CELL WITH ADDITIVES WITH BIOSTIMULANTS AND PLASTER”, for producing the cells (100) of claim 1, characterized by providing a process in which the biostimulants (10) and the plaster (11) are administered by “incorporation” and consequently to the cells (100) include: Water that acts as a mixing vehicle - unit L - quantity 15,000; cellulose that acts to reinforce the structure of the cells and retain water - unit Kg - quantity 2 to 5%; Ammonium sulfate, which acts as a source of Nitrogen and Sulfur - unit Kg - quantity 160; Monoammonium Phosphate, which acts as a source of Phosphorus and Nitrogen; Potassium Chloride, which acts as a source of Potassium - unit Kg - quantity 280; Potassium Silicate, which acts as a source of Silicon and Potassium - unit Kg - quantity 60; Gypsum (Calcium Sulfate) that acts on the rigidity of the cell (100) and as a source of Calcium and Sulfur - unit Kg - quantity 200; Simple Super Phosphate - which acts as a source of Phosphate and Sulfur - unit Kg - quantity 120; and Humic Solution / Humic Acids, which acts as a source of Organic Acids - unit Kg - quantity 1000.

7. “PROCESS FOR MANUFACTURING A BIOCOMPOSTABLE GERMINATION CELL WITH ADDITIVES WITH BIOSTIMULANTS AND PLASTER”, according to claim 6, characterized by contemplating the following steps: the first step concerns the disintegration of the paper that will form the cellulose pulp (3), and this step occurs in the mixer (1); in the second step, the cellulose pulp (3) is sent to a preliminary preparation step, which occurs with it passing, in sequence, through the cleaning equipment (6), the primary purifier (7) and then the secondary purifier (8); in the third step, the already prepared pulp is sent to the mass mixer (9), where it is homogenized simultaneously with the addition of water (2), biostimulants (10) and plaster (11); in the fourth stage, the pulp already added with biostimulants (10) and plaster (11) is sent to the tank (12) where it is stored and is directed to the forming machine (14) as necessary;in the fifth stage, the molded seedling trays (18) are molded within the scope of the action of the forming machine (14), from which the molded seedling trays (18) are obtained, which are immediately sent to the sixth stage, which occurs when they pass through the continuous dryer (26), from where the molded seedling trays (18) become ready seedling trays (28); the seventh stage of the process is defined as the collection of the finished product, which are the ready seedling trays (28), which undergo, in the eighth stage, quality control and then, in the ninth stage, packaging.; 8. “PROCESS FOR MANUFACTURING A BIOCOMPOSTABLE GERMINATION CELL WITH ADDITIVES WITH BIOSTIMULANTS AND PLASTER”, according to claim 6, characterized by providing an alternative process in which the biostimulants (10) and the plaster (11) are administered by “spraying” and consequently the cells (100) include: Water, which acts as a mixing vehicle - unit L - quantity 1,000 to 15.000; Ammonium Sulfate, which acts as a source of Nitrogen and Sulfur - unit Kg - quantity 160; Monoammonium Phosphate, which acts as a source of Phosphorus and Nitrogen - unit Kg - quantity 440; Potassium Chloride, which acts as a source of Potassium - unit Kg - quantity 280; Potassium Silicate, which acts as a source of Silicon and Potassium - unit Kg - quantity 60; Gypsum (calcium sulfate) which acts on cell rigidity and as a source of Calcium and Sulfur; which acts on cell rigidity (100) and as a source of Calcium and Sulfur - unit Kg - quantity 200; Simple Super Phosphate, which acts as a source of Phosphate and Sulfur - unit Kg - quantity 120; Humic Solution / Humic Acids (Source of Organic Acids), which acts as a source of Organic Acids - unit Kg - quantity 1000.

9. “PROCESS FOR MANUFACTURING A BIOCOMPOSTABLE GERMINATION CELL WITH ADDITIVES WITH BIOSTIMULANTS AND PLASTER”, according to claim 8, characterized by contemplating the following steps: the first step concerns the disintegration of the paper that will form the cellulose pulp (3), and this step occurs in the mixer (1), and where water (2) is added to the paper mass that is being disintegrated; in the second step, the cellulose pulp (3) that leaves the mixer (1) is sent to a preliminary preparation step, which occurs with it passing, in sequence, through the cleaning equipment (6), the primary purifier (7) and then the secondary purifier (8); in the third step, the pulp is sent to the tank (12) where it is stored and is directed to the forming machine (14) as necessary;in the fourth stage, the molded seedling trays (18) are molded within the scope of the action of the forming machine (14), from which the aforementioned molded seedling trays (18) are obtained, which are immediately sent to the fifth stage, which occurs by passing them through the continuous dryer (26), from where the molded seedling trays (18) become molded and dried seedling trays (18A); in the sixth stage of the alternative process; molded and dried seedling trays (18A) are sequentially submitted to sprayers (29) and (30) that apply, respectively, biostimulants (10) and a solution of water (2) and plaster (11), from where the molded and dried trays (18A) become ready seedling trays (28); in the seventh stage of the alternative process, the finished product is collected, which are the ready seedling trays (28), which undergo, in the eighth stage, quality control and then, in the ninth stage, packaging.

10. “PROCESS FOR MANUFACTURING A BIOCOMPOSTABLE GERMINATION CELL ADDITIVED WITH BIOSTIMULANTS AND PLASTER”, according to claims 6 or 8, characterized in that it can include in its formulation, either by “incorporation” or by “spraying”, at least one of the biostimulant substances from the group that includes: Starch; Organic matter formed from decomposing organisms, plant residues and animal residues; Lignin; Humic and fulvic acids; Enzymes and amino acids; Ammonium acetate (CH3COONH4); Calcium acetate (Ca (C2H3O2)2. H2O); Cobalt acetate (Co (C2H3O2)2.4H2O); Copper acetate (Cu (C2H3O2)2.2H2O); Iron Acetate (FeOH(C2H3O2)2); Magnesium Acetate (Mg (C2H3O2)2); Manganese Acetate (Mn (C2H3O2)2); Potassium Acetate (KC2H3O2); Zinc Acetate (Zn (C2H3O2)2); Boric Acid (H3BO3); Phosphoric Acid (H3PO4); Lithothamnium Seaweed; Anhydrous Ammonia; Aquammonia; Ammonium Bicarbonate (NH4HCO3); Potassium Bicarbonate (KHCO3); Monoethanolamine Borate; Zinc Borate (2ZnO.3B2O3.nH2O); Borax (Na2B4O7.nH2O); Sulfur Sludge; Iron and Zinc Phosphate Sludge; Calcium Carbonate (CaCO3); Calcium Magnesium Carbonate (CaMg)(CO3)2; Cobalt Carbonate (CoCO3); Copper Carbonate (CuCO3. Cu(OH)2); Iron Carbonate (FeCO3); Magnesium Carbonate (MgCO3); Manganese Carbonate (MnC03); Nickel Carbonate (NiCO3); Potassium Carbonate (K2CO3); Zinc Carbonate (ZnCO3); Calcium Cyanamide; Potassium Citrate (K2C6H5O7.H2O); Cupric Chloride (CuCI2. 6H2O ); Ammonium Chloride (NH4CI); Calcium Chloride (CaCI2. 2H2O); Cobalt Chloride (CoCI2.2H2O); Magnesium Chloride (MgCI2. 6H2O); Manganese Chloride (MnCI2. 4H2O); Potassium Chloride (KCI); Zinc Chloride (ZnCI2); Ferric Chloride (FeCI3. 6H2O); Ferrous Chloride (FeCI2. 4H2O); Colemanite (CaO. 3B2.O3 5H2O or CaB4O7. 15H2O); Natural compound of carbonaceous shale with carbonate. calcium and magnesium (CaMg)(CO3)2+FeS2; Silicon Dioxide (SiO2); Dunite; Elemental Sulfur (S°); Calcined Bone Meal; Autoclaved Bone Meal; Phonolite; Hydrothermalized Phonolite; Calcium Formate Ca(HCO2)2; Cobalt Formate Co(HCO2)2; Copper Formate Cu.HCO2; Ferrous Formate Fe(HCO2)2.2H2O; Magnesium Formate Mg(HCO2)2; Manganese Formate Mn(HCO2)2; Potassium Formate (KHCO2); Zinc Formate Zn(HCO2)2; Acidulated Sulfuric Phosphate; Acidulated Phosphoric Phosphate; Ammoniacal Cupric Phosphate (CuNH4PO4.H2O); Cobalt Phosphate Co3(PO4)2; Diammonium Phosphate (DAP); Crystal Diammonium Phosphate (DAP crystal); Ferrous Ammoniacal Phosphate Fe(NH4)PO4.H2O; Monoammonium Phosphate (MAP); Crystal Monoammonium Phosphate (MAP Crystal); Monopotassium Phosphate (KH2PO4); Natural Phosphate; Partially Acidulated Phosphate; Precipitated Phosphate; Reactive Natural Phosphate; Tripotassium Phosphate (K3PO4); Calcined Phosphate; Ammonium Phosphite; Calcium Phosphite; Cobalt Phosphite; Copper Phosphite; Iron Phosphite; Magnesium Phosphite; Manganese Phosphite (MnHPO3.nH2O); Nickel Phosphite; Potassium Phosphite; Zinc Phosphite; Ammonium Phosphosulfate; Hydroboracite (CaO.MgO.3B2O3.6H2O); Calcium Hydroxide (Ca(0H)2); Calcium Magnesium Hydroxide; Potassium Hydroxide (KOH); Magnesium Hydroxide (Mg(OH)2); Kieserite (MgSO4.H2O); Ammonium Molybdate ((NH4)6Mo7O24.2H2O); Monoethanolamine Molybdate; Sodium Molybdate (Na2Mo O4.2H2O); Roasted Molybdenite; Magnesium Ultiphosphate; Ammonium Nitrate; Calcium Ammonium Nitrate; Calcium Nitrate; Cobalt Nitrate (Co(NO3)2.6H2O); Copper Nitrate (Cu(NO3)2.3H2O); Magnesium Nitrate (Mg(NO3)2.6H2O); Manganese Nitrate (Mn(NO3)2.nH2O); Potassium Nitrate; Sodium Nitrate; Zinc Nitrate (Zn(NO3)2.6H2O); Double Nitrate of Sodium and Potassium; Ferric Nitrate (Fe(NO3)3.9H2O); Nitrophosphate; Nitrosulfocalcium; Sodium Octaborate (Na2B8013.4H2O); Potassium Octaborate (K2B8013.nH2O); Cupric Oxide (CuO); Cuprous Oxide (Cu20); Calcium Oxide (CaO); Calcium Magnesium Oxide; Cobalt Oxide (CoO); Iron Oxide (Fe2O3); Magnesium Oxide (MgO); Zinc Oxide (ZnO); Manganous Oxide (MnO); Sodium Pentaborate ((NaB5O8.5H2O) or (NaB5O8)); Ammonium Polyphosphate; Iron Ammonium Polyphosphate (Fe(NH4)HP2O7); Polyhalite (K2Ca2.MgSO4)4.2H2O); Boron Chelate; Cobalt Chelate; Copper Chelate; Iron Chelate; Manganese Chelate; Molybdenum Chelate; Nickel Chelate; Zinc Chelate; Calcium Chelate. Magnesium Chelate; Kamafugite Silicate Rock; Kamafugite Sodium Selenate (Na2SeO4); Amorphous Silica (SiO2); Calcium Silicate (CaSiO3); Calcium Magnesium Silicate (CaSiO3 + MgSiO3); Magnesium Silicate; Potassium Silicate (K2SiO3); Sodium Silicate (Na2SiO3); Glauconitic Siltstone; Nitrogen Solution; Ammonium Sulfate; Calcium Sulfate; Cobalt Sulfate (CoSO4.xH2O); Copper Sulfate (CuSO4.H2O); Magnesium Sulfate (MgSO4.7H2O); Manganese Sulfate (MnSO4.H2O); Potassium Sulfate (K2 SO4.H2O); Potassium Magnesium Sulfate (K2 SO4.Mg SO4); Potassium, Calcium and Magnesium Sulfate (K2SO4.MgSO4.2CaSO4.2H2O); Nickel Sulfate (NISO4.6H2O); Zinc Sulfate (ZnSO4.xH2O); Ferric Sulfate (Fe2(SO4)3.4H2O); Ferrous Sulfate; Ammonium Sulfonitrate; Magnesium Ammonium Sulfonitrate; Double Superphosphate; Single Superphosphate; Ammoniated Single Superphosphate; Triple Superphosphate; Ammoniated Triple Superphosphate; Magnesium Thermophosphate; Potassium Magnesium Thermophosphate; Thermosuperphosphate; Tetrapotassium diphosphate (K4P2O7); Ammonium Thiosulfate ((NH4)2S2O3); Calcium Thiosulfate (CaS2O3); Potassium Thiosulfate (K2S2O3); Molybdenum Trioxide (MoO3); Ulexite (Na2O.2.CaO.5B2 O3.16H2O); Urea; Urea-Formaldehyde; and Urea-Superphosphate ((NH2)2CO.H3PO4).

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