Solar energy utilization system

Abstract

Provided is a solar energy utilization system (3), comprising a linear Fresnel reflector device (11), an energy receiving end (4), and a solar tracking device (5), wherein the energy receiving end (4) is located at a light focusing position of the linear Fresnel reflector device (11); the solar tracking device (5) is located between a main reflector (6) of the linear Fresnel reflector device (11) and the energy receiving end (4). According to the solar energy utilization system (3), the solar tracking device (5) facing the linear Fresnel reflector device (11) is used to observe a solar energy utilization condition, reflector surface angles and / or directions needing to be controlled are obtained on the basis of observed light information by means of analysis and processing, and a control signal is sent to a control device (8) to control reflector surface postures of the linear Fresnel reflector device (11), thereby adjusting the precision of tracking sunlight by the linear Fresnel reflector device (11), and improving the overall sunlight utilization rate and economic benefit of the system.

Description

A solar energy utilization system Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a solar energy utilization system, in particular to a solar energy utilization system comprising a solar energy tracking device. Background Art

[0002] [Corrected 04.03.2025 according to Rule 9.2] Solar energy utilization system can not only solve the problem of heating in rural areas, but also has important application value in many other fields.

[0003] Currently, in the field of solar thermal energy utilization, there are at least four commonly used and economically efficient systems: flat-plate water heaters, vacuum tube water heaters, trough concentrator systems, and linear Fresnel concentrator systems. The first two primarily produce low-temperature output media, while the latter two primarily produce medium- to high-temperature output media. The present invention primarily relates to a solar energy utilization system that includes a linear Fresnel concentrator.

[0004] In the existing linear Fresnel concentrating technologies at home and abroad, linear Fresnel concentrators are generally used to form a light reflection field, and the concentrators are manipulated to concentrate sunlight onto the thermal collector.

[0005] Concentrating solar thermal systems using linear Fresnel reflectors are new energy systems that collect solar radiation and focus it onto an energy receiver via one or more simultaneously moving reflectors for photothermal or photovoltaic conversion. These systems typically include control components, electromechanical components, reflective concentrators, and energy receivers. Driven by the demand for zero-carbon, environmentally friendly, and sustainable energy, these systems have been widely used in the field of new energy utilization.

[0006] However, during the synchronized movement of the mirrors in a solar energy utilization system, each mirror has a different angle with the horizontal plane, and the incident angle of the reflected light directed at the energy receiver also varies. This makes it impossible for the system to use simple optical methods to detect in real time whether each mirror is actually projecting reflected light onto the energy receiver at a narrow focal point. Due to these difficulties, most linear Fresnel concentrating systems currently on the market lack the ability to detect the incident angle of reflected light caused by the mirror's position, and lack a usable feedback signal to guide the mirror's real-time position adjustment. These systems rely on clocks, built-in data, algorithms, and position sensors to control the mirror's position. While operating constantly, the system itself is unaware of the actual sunlight concentrating effect produced by the mirrors. Consequently, existing linear Fresnel concentrating systems suffer from poor actual sunlight concentrating performance, reliance on manual debugging and maintenance, and high installation precision requirements. These factors lead to high overall costs in practical applications, limiting the widespread adoption of these systems. Summary of the Invention

[0007] In order to solve the above problems and improve the existing solar energy utilization system, the purpose of this application is to provide a solar energy utilization system that can sense the reflected light from the linear Fresnel reflector device in real time, and process and analyze the real-time sensed light signal, so as to optimize and control the mirror movement of the linear Fresnel reflector device and improve the efficiency of solar energy utilization.

[0008] The present invention provides a solar energy utilization system, which includes a linear Fresnel reflector device, an energy receiving end and a solar tracking device. The energy receiving end is located at the focusing point of the linear Fresnel reflector device; the solar tracking device is located between the reflector of the linear Fresnel reflector device and the energy receiving end.

[0009] Preferably, the solar energy utilization system also includes a processor and a control device. The solar tracking device receives the light signal from the linear Fresnel reflector device and sends it to the processor. The processor analyzes and processes the light signal to obtain the mirror angle and / or direction to be controlled, and sends a control signal to the control device to control the movement of the linear Fresnel reflector device to track sunlight to the greatest extent.

[0010] Preferably, the linear Fresnel reflector device includes a primary reflector, and the solar tracking device includes a photoelectric sensor. The primary reflector rotates about a primary rotation axis, and a plane in which the primary rotation axis is perpendicular to the plane of the photosensitive surface of the photoelectric sensor and passes through the center of the photosensitive surface, thereby determining the primary reflector. This allows the primary reflector to be changed as needed and does not need to be fixed to a single mirror surface. This facilitates more flexible and comprehensive reception of reflected light signals by the system, more precise system control, and optimized utilization. More preferably, the primary reflector is at the shortest distance from the energy receiving end relative to the other reflectors. Preferably, when the primary reflector is at the shortest distance from the energy receiving end relative to the other reflectors, and when the perpendicular distance of the energy receiving end from the main reflector's rotation axis is H, and the distance between the rotation axis of any other mirror surface and the rotation axis of the main reflector is L, then, during system operation, the angle between any other mirror surface and the main reflector is set to Arctan(L / H) / 2.

[0011] Preferably, the rotation axis of each reflector is perpendicular to the line connecting the center of the energy receiving end and the center of the photoelectric sensor, and the plane where the energy receiving end is located is parallel to the rotation axis of the reflector. Preferably, the main reflector, the energy receiving end and the solar tracking device are arranged along a straight line, and the solar tracking device is located in the middle. Preferably, the line between the energy receiving end and the photoelectric sensor is perpendicular to the rotation axis of the main reflector and is coplanar with the rotation axis. More preferably, the line passes through the center line of the energy receiving end and the center of the photosensitive surface of the sensor. For example, when the energy receiving end is a rectangular end face, the line between a point on the center line of the rectangular end face along its long side and the center of the photosensitive surface of the photoelectric sensor is perpendicular to and coplanar with the rotation axis of the main reflector. The above-mentioned various settings are conducive to configuring the system as needed, optimizing the system performance according to the present invention, and achieving solar energy utilization efficiency.

[0012] Preferably, the solar tracking device has no physical contact with the energy receiving end or the primary reflector. This arrangement helps optimize the system's precise sensing and control while avoiding high temperatures at the focal point, and the accuracy of the sensing and control process is not affected by any mirror rotation.

[0013] Preferably, the control device actively controls the movement of the main reflector, and the other reflectors follow the main reflector in synchronous motion. This arrangement simplifies control. Furthermore, control is facilitated when the main reflector can be flexibly confirmed as needed.

[0014] In some embodiments, the processor and / or control device also includes a sun tracking program that can control the movement of the reflector, either alternatively or in combination with the solar tracking device, to better track incoming sunlight. This allows switching and utilizing different control methods, expanding the system's coverage environment range and optimizing system accuracy.

[0015] Preferably, the energy receiving end is provided with an energy-gathering and heat-collecting device or a heat-storage and heat-exchanging device.

[0016] Preferably, the energy receiving end is provided with a photoelectric conversion device.

[0017] Preferably, the energy receiving end can spin, and the center point of its spin is fixed.

[0018] In some embodiments, the solar tracking device is fixedly installed between the reflector of the linear Fresnel reflector device and the energy receiving end. In other embodiments, the solar tracking device can move or spin, and the center point of the movement trajectory and / or spin is fixed.

[0019] In some embodiments, the energy-receiving heat-collecting device or heat-storage heat-exchange device can switch between different operating modes with the photovoltaic conversion device. Preferably, the energy-collecting heat-collecting device or heat-storage heat-exchange device and the photovoltaic conversion device are arranged back-to-back and are rotatable as a whole, with one of the two facing the linear Fresnel reflector device during operation and receiving energy. Preferably, the heat-storage heat-exchange device comprises an energy harvesting device having a heat storage and heat exchange medium. In some embodiments, the photovoltaic conversion device is a solar panel.

[0020] In some embodiments, there may be multiple processors as needed, so that the processors and their work tasks can be more reasonably configured according to requirements such as environment, size, material, and space.

[0021] In some embodiments, the photoelectric sensor is a camera that can capture images formed by light reflected from the reflector at programmable time intervals and transmit the images to a processor in real time. The processor obtains angle and / or direction information of the mirror reflected light after processing, analyzes the information, and thereby obtains the mirror angle and / or direction that needs to be adjusted, and sends it to the control device, which adjusts the mirror movement posture of the linear Fresnel reflector device.

[0022] Preferably, the solar energy utilization system according to the present invention can continuously and rapidly operate and fine-tune the motion of the Fresnel reflector assembly in real time to maximize system efficiency. More preferably, the solar tracking device according to the present invention can be upgraded to incorporate an AI-trained visual recognition model, further enhancing focusing accuracy.

[0023] In some embodiments, the control device includes an electromechanical assembly to control the rotation angle of each reflector. In some embodiments, the rotation axes of the mirrors of the linear Fresnel reflector assembly are driven by a linkage mechanism consisting of a rack and pinion to achieve synchronous rotation. Only the rotation axis of the primary reflector needs to be controlled, and the other reflectors move in a driven manner.

[0024] Preferably, the linear Fresnel reflector assembly comprises a reflector array composed of flat or curved mirrors. More preferably, the linear Fresnel reflector assembly comprises a mirror array composed of at least one flat mirror and a reflector rotation axis. In some embodiments, an end reflector is disposed at one end of the reflector array to capture more reflected sunlight.

[0025] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The solar energy utilization system of the present invention, comprising a solar tracking device and a linear Fresnel reflector device, can control, monitor, and improve the linear Fresnel reflector device's tracking accuracy of sunlight in real time. This system utilizes sunlight more efficiently than existing linear Fresnel reflector systems, reduces manual monitoring and maintenance costs, and improves the system's overall sunlight utilization and economic benefits. The system can freely switch between heat generation and power generation modes to meet the needs of users in a variety of limited site applications. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1: An existing solar energy utilization system including a linear Fresnel reflector.

[0027] FIG. 2A shows a solar energy utilization system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] FIG2B is a schematic diagram showing the positional relationship according to the embodiment shown in FIG2A .

[0029] FIG2C is a partial perspective schematic diagram according to the embodiment shown in FIG2A .

[0030] FIG3 is a solar energy utilization system according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] FIG4 shows an energy receiving end according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] FIG5 : An energy receiving end according to an embodiment of the present invention has two switchable working modes.

[0033] FIG6 : An energy receiving end with a heat exchange device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] FIG7 : An energy receiving end according to an embodiment of the present invention has two switchable working modes.

[0035] FIG8 : A solar energy utilization system according to an embodiment of the present invention, which utilizes a dual-mode energy receiving end to operate in a heating mode.

[0036] FIG9 : A solar energy utilization system according to an embodiment of the present invention, which utilizes a dual-mode energy receiving end to operate in a power generation mode.

[0037] FIG10 : A linear Fresnel reflector device according to an embodiment of the present invention, comprising only one plane mirror and the rest being curved mirrors.

[0038] FIG. 11 : A linear Fresnel reflector arrangement according to an embodiment of the present invention, positioned tilted.

[0039] FIG12 : A solar energy utilization system according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein an end reflector is provided at one end of the reflector array.

[0040] 1. Reflector; 2. Electromechanical components; 3. Solar energy utilization system; 4. Energy receiving end; 5. Solar tracking device; 6. Main reflector; 7. Other reflectors; 8. Control device; 9. Photoelectric sensor; 10. Processor; 11. Linear Fresnel reflector device; 12. Receiving end frame; 13. Vacuum tube; 14. Solar panel; 15. Water inlet; 16. Water outlet; 17. Central axis; 18. Heat exchange device; 19. Cold water pipe; 20. Connecting pipe; 21. Secondary focusing device; 22. Communication line; 23. Rotation axis of the main reflector; 24. Light-collecting point; 25. Line between the energy receiving end and the photoelectric sensor; 26. End face of the energy receiving end; 27. A plane where the main rotation axis is located; 28. The plane where the photosensitive surface is located; 29. ​​The center of the photosensitive surface; 30. The photosensitive surface; 31. A point on the center line of the energy receiving end; 32. The end reflector; 33. The center line of the long side of the end face of the energy receiving end; 34. The plane where the end face of the energy receiving end is located. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The specific embodiments are intended only to illustrate the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. For ease of description, some drawings only illustrate portions relevant to the present invention or specific embodiments. The embodiments of the present invention and the features of the embodiments may be combined with each other unless otherwise specified.

[0042] Figure 1 shows a typical existing solar energy utilization system using a linear Fresnel reflector, comprising a reflector array 1, an electromechanical assembly 2, and an energy receiver 4. The system incorporates data on the sun's trajectory, and based on this data, the electromechanical assembly 2 controls the movement of the reflector array 1 as the sun moves, focusing sunlight onto the energy receiver 4, achieving solar thermal utilization.

[0043] Figures 2A-2C illustrate a solar energy utilization system 3 according to one embodiment of the present invention, comprising a linear Fresnel reflector assembly 11, an energy receiving terminal 4, and a solar tracking device 5. In this embodiment, the primary reflector of linear Fresnel reflector assembly 11 is a primary reflector 6, which has a primary rotation axis 23. Figure 2A also illustrates other components, including the remaining reflectors 7, the electromechanical assembly 2, and the control device 8.

[0044] In this embodiment, the energy receiving end 4 is placed at the light collecting area 24 of the linear Fresnel reflector device 11. The solar tracking device 5 includes a photoelectric sensor 9 and is connected to a processor 10. The processor 10 is also connected to the electromechanical components via a communication line 22. In other embodiments, the processor 10 may be located elsewhere in the system, or multiple processors may be provided. The processor 10 may be directly connected to the photoelectric sensor 9, be located separately, or be in remote communication with the photoelectric sensor 9 in whole or in part. The communication line 22 may also be wired and / or wireless.

[0045] In this embodiment, the photoelectric sensor 9, with its light-sensitive surface facing the mirrors of the linear Fresnel reflector assembly, is located between the primary reflector 6 and the energy receiving terminal 4. Due to this arrangement, the solar tracking device 5 has no physical contact with either the linear Fresnel reflector assembly 11 or the energy receiving terminal 4, and does not move with them. This results in a simple structure, stable signal, and excellent economic efficiency. Furthermore, because the photoelectric sensor 9 of the solar tracking device 5 faces the primary plane mirror 6 and is not located at the energy receiving terminal, it only receives sunlight reflected from the primary reflector 6, avoiding the risk of burns from high temperatures, further simplifying the structure, and reducing system costs.

[0046] Figure 2C shows the positional relationship of the photosensitive surface 30 and its center 29 with the plane 27 where the main rotation axis is located in the embodiment shown in Figures 2A and 2B in an upward-looking direction and in an enlarged three-dimensional form, as well as their positional relationship with the energy collection end 4, the center line 33 and the end face 26.

[0047] As shown in Figure 2C, a plane 27 on which the main rotation axis 23 lies is perpendicular to the photosensitive surface 30 of the photoelectric sensor 9 included in the solar tracking device 5, and plane 27 passes through the center 29 of the photosensitive surface 30. Plane 28 is the plane on which the photosensitive surface 30 lies. These planes 27 and 28 are logical concepts used to help describe the relative positional relationship between the main rotation axis 23 and the photosensitive surface 30 of the photoelectric sensor 9, and do not represent the physical structure of the solar energy utilization system. A line 25 connecting a point 31 on the centerline 33 of the energy receiving end 4 and the center 29 of the photosensitive surface 30 of the photoelectric sensor 9 is perpendicular to the rotation axis 23 of the primary reflector 6. Furthermore, the end face 26 of the energy receiving end 4 is parallel to the rotation axis 23 of the primary reflector 6.

[0048] In Figure 2C , the energy receiving end is a long rectangular end face 26. A line 25 connecting a point 31 on the centerline 33 of the long side of this rectangular end face and the center 29 of the photosensitive surface 30 of the photosensor 9 is perpendicular and coplanar with the rotation axis of the primary reflector 6, i.e., the main rotation axis 23. This point 31 is not necessarily located in the center; it can also be located elsewhere on the centerline 33. This allows for flexible definition of the primary reflector and control of the entire reflector array as needed. It also enables more accurate and convenient acquisition of reflected light signals, optimizing the performance of the solar energy utilization system.

[0049] According to the solar energy utilization system 3 of the present invention, the solar tracking device 5 is used to receive light from the linear Fresnel reflector device 11 and send the light signal to the processor 10. The processor 10 analyzes and processes the light signal and sends a signal to the control device 8, thereby controlling the movement of the linear Fresnel reflector device 11 to track sunlight to the greatest extent.

[0050] When the sunlight emitted from the main reflector 6 to the energy receiving end 4 deviates slightly in direction, the photoelectric sensor 9 contained in the solar tracking device 5 located between the two can capture the information in real time and send it to the processor. The processor 10 analyzes and processes the signal and then sends a control signal to the control device 8. The control device 8 promptly adjusts the posture of the plane reflector 6 and the remaining mirrors 7 in real time through the electromechanical component 2, thereby eliminating the deviation of the direction of the sunlight emitted to the energy receiving end 4, thereby optimizing the closed-loop precise control.

[0051] Optionally, a solar motion trajectory tracking program can be built into the solar energy utilization system 3 of the present invention, specifically installed in the processor 10 and / or the control device 8. The program can include data and algorithms. In some embodiments, during the daytime movement of the sun from east to west, the solar energy utilization system first drives the main reflector 6 and the remaining reflectors 7 to follow the sun's movement according to the built-in solar motion trajectory tracking program, focusing the sunlight reflected by each reflector onto the energy receiving end 4 located at the focal point. During this process, the solar tracking device 5 continuously monitors in real time whether the sunlight directed toward the energy receiving end 4 by the main reflector 6 deviates slightly from its direction. If deviation is detected, the solar energy utilization system 3 abandons its built-in solar motion trajectory tracking program and enters a closed-loop precision control state in which the solar tracking device 5 performs tracking. At this time, the optical signals such as the sunlight reflection angle, direction, and / or intensity monitored in real time by the solar tracking device 5 are processed by the processor 10 to determine the desired reflector angle and / or direction. The control signal is then sent to the control device 8 via the communication line 22 (which can be wireless communication) to control the rotation of the main reflector 6 and the remaining plane mirror group 7, striving to eliminate deviation and optimize the closed-loop control to track the sun. If it is cloudy or at night, and the solar tracking device 5 cannot receive the sunlight direction signal, the solar energy utilization system 3 can automatically exit the closed-loop tracking process and re-drive the movement of the main reflector 6 and the remaining reflectors 7 according to the built-in data and algorithm, that is, the solar motion trajectory tracking program, to achieve the system control purpose.

[0052] In this embodiment, the main reflector 6 is closest to the solar tracking device 5. However, the main reflector 6 does not necessarily have to be closest to the solar tracking device 5. The main reflector can also be a reflector located at another position that meets the following conditions: the plane where the main rotation axis of the main reflector is located is perpendicular to the plane where the photosensitive surface of the solar tracking device is located and passes through the center of the photosensitive surface.

[0053] In this embodiment, in Figures 2A to 2C , processor 10 is located together with solar tracking device 5, and only one processor 10 is shown. However, in other embodiments, processor 10 may be multiple or located elsewhere, for example, together with control device 8 or elsewhere in the solar energy utilization system. Multiple processors can perform the same or different computational, analytical, and / or signal processing tasks as needed.

[0054] Figure 3 illustrates a solar energy utilization system according to the present invention, in which the primary reflector 23 is not positioned closest to the solar tracking device 5. However, the rotation axis 23 of the primary reflector 23 still meets the aforementioned conditions: the plane 27 on which the primary rotation axis 23 lies is perpendicular to the plane 28 on which the photosensitive surface 30 of the solar tracking device 5 lies, and plane 27 passes through the center 29 of the photosensitive surface 30. As can be seen from Figures 2A-2C and Figure 3, the primary reflector can be flexibly assigned, depending on the relative position of the primary reflector's rotation axis 23 and the solar tracking device 5. A primary reflector can be designated as such only if it meets the aforementioned conditions.

[0055] FIG4 shows an energy receiving end 4 according to an embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, the other components of the solar energy utilization system 3 are consistent with those in FIG2A to FIG2C above and are not shown in FIG4 . The energy receiving end 4 shown in FIG4 includes a device that simply realizes light-to-heat conversion. Specifically, in this embodiment, the energy receiving end 4 includes a receiving end frame 12 and four vacuum tubes 13. The vacuum tubes 13 are traditional heat storage and heat exchange devices that can be connected to, accommodate, and drive a matching heat-conducting medium to form a heat absorption and conduction mechanism, providing a heat source for further utilization at a remote end. When in use, they are placed at the focusing point 24 of the mirror array of the linear Fresnel reflector device 11 to receive the heat energy brought by solar radiation. A cold water inlet 15 and a water outlet 16 can also be provided on the vacuum tube 13 to realize heat storage and heat exchange. Both can be made of flexible materials or connecting mechanisms (as shown in FIG5 ).

[0056] The single heating device shown in Figure 4 only has a heating function. When using linear Fresnel mirror arrays for focusing, there are often other electricity needs, such as motors, air conditioning, and communications. Furthermore, there are periods when excess heat cannot be stored or consumed, resulting in heat abandonment and reducing the overall utilization rate of solar energy. If the energy receiving terminal 4 in Figure 4 could be modified to switch between heating and power generation modes, the overall utilization rate of solar energy could be improved. The present invention proposes an energy receiving terminal capable of dual-mode conversion between thermal and electrical energy to address this problem.

[0057] Figure 5 shows an energy receiving end according to one embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, the other components of the solar energy utilization system 3 are the same as those described in Figures 2A-2C above and are not shown in Figure 4. The energy receiving end 4 shown in Figure 5 is a dual-mode device capable of both heat generation and power generation. In this embodiment, a photoelectric conversion device, such as a solar panel 14, is positioned back-to-back with the heat storage and heat exchange device vacuum tube 13 shown in Figure 4 at the energy receiving end 4. A rotation axis 17 is also provided at the center of the energy receiving end 4, between the heat storage and heat exchange device and the photoelectric conversion device. The energy receiving end 4, including the heat storage and heat exchange device and the photoelectric conversion device, can rotate and rest about this axis 17. The rotation and resting positions of the energy storage and heat exchange device, such as the vacuum tube 13, and the photoelectric conversion device, such as the solar panel 14, are determined based on the operating mode requirements of the solar energy utilization system. For example, when the solar energy utilization system according to the present invention requires heat storage and heat exchange, the side of the heat storage and heat exchange device, such as the vacuum tube 13, is oriented toward the linear Fresnel concentrator device 11. When the solar energy utilization system needs to generate electricity, the photoelectric conversion device, such as the solar panel 14, faces the linear Fresnel concentrator device 11. In this embodiment, the solar energy utilization system can freely switch between the power generation and heat generation modes.

[0058] The above-mentioned heat storage and heat exchange device can also be replaced by a heat and energy collection device. When it is a heat and energy collection device, it can be further connected to other heat exchange devices.

[0059] The solar cell panels 14 can be conventional single crystal or polycrystalline panels, or high temperature resistant panels of gallium arsenide or perovskite based systems, depending on the needs of the scene.

[0060] In a solar energy utilization system, the energy receiving end 4 is located at the focal point of sunlight, where temperatures can reach over 200 degrees Celsius. Therefore, there is currently no economically feasible and reliable solution for installing a durable sensor at this focal point to observe and provide feedback on the motion of the linear Fresnel reflector assembly 11. The solar tracking device 5 of the present invention is installed without physical contact with the energy receiving end 4. This not only protects the solar tracking system from high temperatures but also simplifies the switching process between dual-mode operation. That is, whether the energy receiving end 4 is in heating mode or power generation mode, the normal operation of the solar tracking device 5 and the entire solar energy utilization system 3 is not affected.

[0061] Photoelectric conversion devices, such as solar panels 14, can also be further connected to heat storage and heat exchange devices or heat exchange devices, which absorb heat from the solar panels 14 and improve the operating temperature of the solar panels. Figure 6 shows an energy receiving end 4 with a heat exchange device 18. The heat exchange device 18 is in full contact with the solar panel 14 and has a water path within the heat exchange device 18. A cold water pipe 19 provides circulating cold water to the internal water path. As the cold water passes through the water path within the heat exchange device 18, it removes the heat received and generated by the solar panel 14 during operation, thereby cooling it. The heat exchange device can also enter the water inlet 15 of the vacuum tube 13 through the connecting pipe 20 and participate in the overall heat exchange cycle of the dual-mode energy receiving end shown in Figure 5. Therefore, when the solar panel 18 is positioned toward the linear Fresnel reflector device 11 to receive concentrated light from the mirror array, the device can improve the temperature of the solar panel 18 to keep it within a suitable range.

[0062] FIG7 shows another energy receiving end 4 with two convertible working modes. In this embodiment, the photoelectric conversion device used in the solar energy utilization system 3 is a smaller gallium arsenide solar cell panel 14. The advantage of gallium arsenide or perovskite high temperature resistant solar panels is that the photoelectric efficiency can reach up to 40% under strong light, but they are relatively expensive. In this embodiment, the consideration is to reduce the area of ​​the solar panel, reduce equipment costs, and improve efficiency. To this end, in this embodiment of FIG7 , a secondary concentrating device 21 is attached to the solar cell panel 14, which secondary concentrates the reflected light from the mirror array of the linear Fresnel reflector device 11 onto the smaller gallium arsenide or perovskite new solar cell panel 14 for photoelectric conversion and utilization. The secondary concentrating device 21 is usually made of a reflector and its shape varies. The purpose is to further improve the concentration ratio.

[0063] In the embodiment shown in FIG7 , the solar panel 14 is further connected to a heat exchange device 18 , which is in full contact with the solar panel and has a water channel inside. A cold water pipe 19 provides circulating cold water to the water channel inside the heat exchange device 18 . When the cold water passes through the interior of the heat exchange device 18 , it removes heat from the solar panel 14 and cools it down. The cold water can then enter the water inlet 15 of the vacuum tube 13 through a connecting pipe 20 to participate in the dual-mode overall heat exchange cycle.

[0064] Figure 8 shows a solar energy utilization system 3 according to one embodiment of the present invention, utilizing a dual-mode energy receiving terminal operating in a heat generation mode. As needed, one side of the vacuum tube 13 included in the energy receiving terminal 4 is positioned toward the linear Fresnel reflector assembly 11 to receive the mirror-reflected light. In this configuration, the solar energy utilization system 3 operates in a photothermal utilization mode. Figure 8 shows an enlarged view of the energy receiving terminal 4.

[0065] Figure 9 illustrates a solar energy utilization system 3 according to an embodiment of the present invention, utilizing a dual-mode energy receiver operating in power generation mode. As shown in the figure, the solar panel 14 included in the energy receiver 4 is positioned downward, as required, thereby enabling the entire system to operate in photovoltaic mode. Figure 9 shows an enlarged view of the energy receiver 4.

[0066] Figure 10 shows a solar energy utilization system 3 according to an embodiment of the present invention, comprising a linear Fresnel reflector device 11, which includes only one plane mirror 6, with the rest being curved mirrors. The advantage of a curved mirror is that it can improve the concentration ratio, thereby ensuring that more sunlight can be projected onto the energy receiving end 4. In this embodiment, the plane mirror 6 located directly below the energy receiving end 4 is the main reflector. The sunlight it reflects toward the energy receiving end 4 maintains the characteristics of parallel light and has clear directionality. When this reflected light with clear directionality strikes the solar tracking device 5, the photoelectric sensor 9 contained in the solar tracking device 5 receives the light signal, and the processor 10 determines and analyzes the direction and / or energy of the reflected light, and transmits a control signal to the control device 8 via wireless or wired means, thereby optimizing the overall closed-loop control of the solar energy utilization system. The curved mirror does not affect the normal operation of the closed-loop control mechanism of the solar energy system of the present invention.

[0067] In other embodiments, the linear Fresnel reflector devices 11 may all be plane mirrors. For example, in the embodiment shown in FIG11 below, all plane mirrors are used.

[0068] Figure 11 shows a solar energy utilization system 3 according to one embodiment of the present invention, comprising a linear Fresnel reflector assembly 11, which is tilted. In this embodiment, reflectors 6 and 7 are plane mirrors, mounted on a slope. This is determined by the topography of the application, such as a hillside or a sloping roof. In this embodiment, the overall tilt of solar energy utilization system 3 does not affect the installation and operation of the solar tracking device.

[0069] Figure 12 illustrates a solar energy utilization system according to an embodiment of the present invention. The primary mirror 6 and all other mirrors 7 are arranged horizontally in a north-south orientation. A vertically positioned plane mirror, referred to as an end reflector 32, is positioned on the north side. As shown in the figure, a beam of sunlight is reflected by a north-south Fresnel linear mirror 7 before reaching end reflector 32, where it is then ultimately reflected to energy receiving end 4.

[0070] The present invention is not limited to the embodiments discussed above. The above description of the specific embodiments is intended to describe and illustrate the technical solutions to which the present invention relates. Obvious variations, substitutions, or combinations based on the teachings of the present invention should also be considered to fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. The above specific embodiments are intended to disclose the best method for carrying out the present invention so that those skilled in the art can apply the various embodiments and alternatives of the present invention to achieve the objectives of the present invention.

Claims

1. A solar energy utilization system (3), comprising: A linear Fresnel reflector device (11), an energy receiving end (4) and a solar tracking device (5), characterized in that: The energy receiving end (4) is located at the light focusing point of the linear Fresnel reflector device (11); The solar tracking device (5) is located between the reflector of the linear Fresnel reflector device (11) and the energy receiving end (4).

2. The solar energy utilization system (3) according to claim 1, characterized in that: The solar tracking device (5) receives the optical signal from the linear Fresnel reflector device (11) and sends it to the processor (10); the processor (10) analyzes and processes the optical signal and sends a control signal to the control device (8); the control device (8) controls the movement of the linear Fresnel reflector device accordingly.

3. The solar energy utilization system (3) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The linear Fresnel reflector device (11) has a main reflector (6), the main reflector has a main rotation axis (23), and a plane (27) where the main rotation axis (23) is located is perpendicular to the photosensitive surface (30) of the solar tracking device (5) and passes through the center (29) of the photosensitive surface.

4. The solar energy utilization system (3) according to claim 3, characterized in that: The main reflector (6), the energy receiving end (4) and the solar tracking device (5) are arranged along a straight line, with the solar tracking device (5) being located in the middle.

5. The solar energy utilization system (3) as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: The connection line between the energy receiving end (4) and the photoelectric sensor (9) is perpendicular to and coplanar with the rotation axis (23) of the main reflector (6).

6. The solar energy utilization system (3) according to any one of claims 4 to 5, characterized in that: When the distance between the main reflector (6) and the energy receiving end (4) is the shortest relative to the other reflectors, and the vertical distance between the energy receiving end (4) and the rotation axis of the main reflector (6) is H, and the distance between the rotation axis of any other mirror surface and the main rotation axis (23) of the main reflector (6) is L, then when the solar energy utilization system (3) is in operation, the angle between the other mirror surface and the main reflector is set to Arctan (L / H) / 2.

7. The solar energy utilization system (3) according to claim 2, characterized in that: The processor (10) and / or the control device (8) also includes a solar motion trajectory tracking program, which determines the required reflector rotation angle and / or direction alternatively or in combination with the solar tracking device (5).

8. The solar energy utilization system (3) as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The control device (8) actively controls the movement of the main reflector (6), and the other reflectors follow the main reflector (6) and move synchronously.

9. The solar energy utilization system (3) according to claim 1, characterized in that: The energy receiving end (4) is provided with a heat storage and heat exchange device or an energy concentration and heat collection device.

10. The solar energy utilization system (3) according to any one of claims 1-2, 4-5, 7-9, characterized in that: The energy receiving end (4) is provided with a photoelectric conversion device.

11. The solar energy utilization system (3) according to claim 9, characterized in that: The heat storage and heat exchange device or the energy-concentrating heat collection device and the photoelectric conversion device can switch between different modes.

12. The solar energy utilization system (3) according to claim 10, characterized in that: The energy-concentrating heat collecting device or the heat storage and heat exchange device is arranged back to back with the photoelectric conversion device and is rotatable as a whole. When one of them is working, it faces the linear Fresnel reflector device (11).

13. The solar energy utilization system (3) according to claim 3, characterized in that: The solar tracking device (5) has no physical contact with the energy receiving end (4) and the main reflector (6).

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