Imaging apparatus and electronic device
The imaging apparatus achieves a compact form with a long optical path length by using a first prism with specific surface configurations and a second prism, addressing the need for high-performance camera functionality in electronic devices while maintaining optical performance.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- PCT/CN2023/138577
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2023-12-13
- Publication Date
- 2025-06-19
AI Technical Summary
There is a demand for a compact optical system with a long optical path length to achieve a high-performance camera function while minimizing the size increase of the imaging apparatus and electronic devices.
The imaging apparatus incorporates a first lens group, a first prism with specific flat surfaces, a second lens group, and an image sensor. The first prism's surfaces are configured to reflect light in a manner that creates a long optical path without significantly increasing the apparatus' size, while the second prism further extends the optical path length.
This configuration allows for a longer optical path length within a compact form factor, enhancing the camera's performance without increasing the device's size, and maintains optical performance by controlling incident and exit angles at the prism surfaces.
Smart Images

Figure CN2023138577_19062025_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
IMAGING APPARATUS AND ELECTRONIC DEVICETECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] Embodiments of this application relates to an imaging apparatus and an electronic device having the imaging apparatus.BACKGROUND
[0002] An electronic device such as a smartphone and a tablet is equipped with a camera function. The camera function of the electronic device is implemented by an imaging apparatus in the electronic device. The imaging apparatus includes an optical system including one or more lens groups and an image sensor. An CCD (charge coupled device) image sensor, an CMOS (complementary metal-oxide semiconductor) image sensor, or the like is used as the image sensor in the imaging apparatus.
[0003] In response to increasing demands for a higher performance camera function, it is required that the electronic device is equipped with a larger-sized image sensor. In addition, as the camera function of the electronic device is being utilized more and more, it is required that the electronic device is equipped with a telephoto lense with a longer focal length. As a size of the image sensor increases, an optical path length required for the optical system becomes longer. Furthermore, as the focal length becomes longer, the optical path length required for the optical system becomes longer. As the optical path length becomes longer, the size of the imaging apparatus becomes larger, and the size of the electronic device with which the imaging apparatus is equipped also becomes larger.
[0004] Due to circumstances above, there are demands for a compact optical system having a long optical path length, in order to realize a high-performance camera function while suppressing a size increase of the imaging apparatus.SUMMARY
[0005] Embodiments of this disclosure provides an imaging apparatus having a reduced size and a long optical path length, and an electronic device with which the imaging apparatus is equipped.
[0006] A first aspect of this disclosure provides an imaging apparatus comprising: a first lens group located on an object side, a first prism having a plurality of flat surfaces, a second lens group located on an image side, and an image sensor. The plurality of flat surfaces of the first prism comprises: a first surface perpendicular to an optical axis of the first lens group, where light after passing through the first lens group enters the first prism through the first surface; a second surface configured to reflect light after passing through the first surface, where the second surface is tilted at a first angle with respect to the first surface; and a third surface configured to reflect light after being reflected by the second surface, where the third surface is tilted at a second angle with respect to the first surface. The first angle and the second angle are configured to meet the following conditions: (i) the second surface totally reflects reference light propagating along the optical axis of the first lens group; and (ii) the reference light after being reflected by successively the second surface and the third surface is totally reflected by the first surface, and then the reference light after being reflected by the first surface enters the second surface perpendicularly. Optionally, the third surface of the first prism may have a reflective coating.
[0007] According to the first aspect of this disclosure, light that has passed through the first lens group is perpendicularly incident on the first surface of the first prism, and then enters the first prism through the first surface. In the first prism, after passing through the first surface, the light is reflected by the second surface and the third surface sequentially. After being reflected by the third surface, the light is further reflected by the first surface, and then enters the second surface perpendicularly. The light perpendicularly entering the second surface exits from the first prism through the second surface. In this way, since the optical path goes around once inside the first prism, a long optical path length may be realized without excessively increasing a size of the imaging apparatus. Further, since each of an incident angle to the first prism and an exit angle from the first prism is approximately 90 degrees, deterioration of optical performance at both the entrance surface and the exit surface may be suppressed.
[0008] In a first implementation form of the first aspect, light after passing through the second surface enters the second lens group, and light after passing through the second lens group enters the image sensor. In the first implementation form of the first aspect, the optical system is provided in which light is extracted in a direction having a predetermined angle with respect to the optical axis of the first lens group (that is, in a direction perpendicular to the second surface) .
[0009] In a second implementation form of the first aspect, the imaging apparatus further comprises: a second prism having a plurality of flat surfaces. The plurality of flat surfaces of the second prism comprises: a fourth surface facing the second surface of the first prism, where the fourth surface is parallel to the second surface of the first prism; a fifth surface configured to reflect light after passing through the fourth surface, where the fifth surface is tilted at a third angle with respect to the fourth surface; and a sixth surface configured to reflect light after being reflected by the fifth surface, where the sixth surface is tilted at a fourth angle with respect to the fourth surface. The third angle and the fourth angle are configured to meet the following conditions: (iii) the fifth surface totally reflects the reference light after passing through the second surface and the fourth surface; and (iv) the reference light after being reflected by successively the fifth surface and the sixth surface is totally reflected by the fourth surface, and then the reference light after being reflected by the fourth surface enters the fifth surface perpendicularly. Optionally, the sixth surface of the second prism may have a reflective coating.
[0010] According to the second implementation form of the first aspect, light that has passed through the second surface of the first prism enters the fourth surface of the second prism perpendicularly, and then enters the second prism through the fourth surface. In the second prism, after passing through the fourth surface, the light is reflected by the fifth surface and the sixth surface sequentially. After being reflected by the sixth surface, the light is further reflected by the fourth surface, and then enters the fifth surface perpendicularly. The light perpendicularly entering the fifth surface exits from the second prism through the fifth surface. In this way, since the optical path goes around once inside the second prism, a longer optical path length may be realized without excessively increasing the size of the imaging apparatus. Further, since each of an incident angle to the second prism and an exit angle from the second prism is approximately 90 degrees, deterioration of optical performance at both the entrance surface and the exit surface may be suppressed.
[0011] In a third implementation form of the first aspect, with reference to the second implementation form of the first aspect, the fifth surface is parallel to the optical axis of the first lens group, and light after passing through the fifth surface enters the second lens group, and then light after passing through the second lens group enters the image sensor. In the third implementation form of the first aspect, the optical system is provided in which light is extracted in a direction perpendicular to the optical axis of the first lens group.
[0012] In a fourth implementation form of the first aspect, with reference to the second implementation form of the first aspect, the fifth surface is perpendicular to the optical axis of the first lens group, and light after passing through the fifth surface enters the second lens group, and then light after passing through the second lens group enters the image sensor. In the fourth implementation form of the first aspect, the optical system is provided in which light is extracted in a direction parallel to the optical axis of the first lens group.
[0013] In a fifth implementation form of the first aspect, with reference to the second implementation form of the first aspect, the imaging apparatus further comprises: a light shielding member arranged between the second surface of the first prism and the fourth surface of the second prism. The light shielding member has an opening, and a size SS of the opening meets the following condition: 20%≤ SS / S1 ≤ 60%, where S1 indicates a size of an optical effective range of a lens in the first lens group located closest to the object side.
[0014] According to the fifth implementation form of the first aspect, the light shielding member may reduce occurrence of stray light. In addition, deterioration in image quality due to the stray light may be effectively suppressed by satisfying the condition above while suppressing a decrease in an amount of peripheral light.
[0015] In a sixth implementation form of the first aspect, the first angle is 45 degrees, and a refractive index Nd1 of the first prism meets the following condition: Nd1 ≥ 1.6. Specifically, Nd1 may indicate the refractive index for d-line (587.56 nm) .
[0016] In a seventh implementation form of the first aspect, with reference to the second implementation form of the first aspect, the third angle is 45 degrees, and a refractive index Nd2 of the second prism meets the following condition: Nd2 ≥ 1.6. Specifically, Nd2 may indicate the refractive index for d-line.
[0017] In an eighth implementation form of the first aspect, a field of view FOV of an entire optical system in the imaging apparatus meets the following condition: FOV ≤ 40 degrees.
[0018] In a nineth implementation form of the first aspect, a focal length FL1 of the first lens group meets the following condition: 0.5 ≤ FL1 / EFL ≤ 0.9, where EFL indicates a focal length of an entire optical system in the imaging apparatus. According to the ninth implementation form of the first aspect, overcorrection and undercorrection of spherical aberration may be suppressed, and occurrence of coma aberration and curvature of field may also be suppressed.
[0019] In a tenth implementation form of the first aspect, an optical path length OPL from a lens surface located closest to the object side to a light receiving surface of the image sensor meets the following condition: W / OPL ≤ 0.5, where W indicates a width of the imaging apparatus in a direction of the optical axis.
[0020] In an eleventh implementation form of the first aspect, the imaging apparatus further comprises: a first moving member configured to move the first lens group in directions perpendicular to the optical axis of the first lens group for image stabilization.
[0021] In a twelfth implementation form of the first aspect, the imaging apparatus further comprises: a second moving member configured to move the image sensor in directions parallel to a light receiving surface of the image sensor for image stabilization.
[0022] In a thirteenth implementation form of the first aspect, the imaging apparatus further comprises: a third moving member configured to move at least one lens in the first lens group along the optical axis of the first lens group for focusing.
[0023] In a fourteenth implementation form of the first aspect, the imaging apparatus further comprises: a fourth moving member configured to move at least one lens in the second lens group along an optical axis of the second lens group for focusing.
[0024] In a fifteenth implementation form of the first aspect, the imaging apparatus further comprises: a fifth moving member configured to move the image sensor along an optical axis of the second lens group for focusing.
[0025] A second aspect of this disclosure provides an imaging apparatus comprising: a first lens group located on an object side, a first prism having a plurality of flat surfaces, a second prism having a plurality of flat surfaces, a second lens group located on an image side, and an image sensor, where the first lens group has positive dioptric power, and the second lens group has negative dioptric power. The plurality of flat surfaces of the first prism comprises: a first surface perpendicular to an optical axis of the first lens group, where light after passing through the first lens group enters the first prism through the first surface; a second surface configured to reflect light after passing through the first surface, where the second surface is tilted at a first angle with respect to the first surface; a third surface configured to reflect light after being reflected by the second surface, where the third surface is tilted at a second angle with respect to the first surface. The first angle and the second angle are configured to meet the following conditions: (i) the second surface totally reflects reference light propagating along the optical axis of the first lens group; and (ii) the reference light after being reflected by successively the second surface and the third surface enters the second surface perpendicularly. The plurality of flat surfaces of the second prism comprises: a fourth surface facing the second surface of the first prism, where the fourth surface is parallel to the second surface of the first prism; a fifth surface configured to reflect light after passing through the fourth surface, where the fifth surface is tilted at a third angle with respect to the fourth surface; and a sixth surface configured to reflect light after being reflected by the fifth surface, where the sixth surface is tilted at a fourth angle with respect to the fourth surface. The third angle and the fourth angle are configured to meet the following conditions: (iii) the fifth surface totally reflects the reference light after passing through the second surface and the fourth surface; and (iv) the reference light after being reflected by successively the fifth surface and the sixth surface is totally reflected by the fourth surface, and then the reference light after being reflected by the fourth surface enters the fifth surface perpendicularly.
[0026] According to the second aspect of this disclosure, light that has passed through the first lens group is perpendicularly incident on the first surface of the first prism, and then enters the first prism through the first surface. In the first prism, after passing through the first surface, the light is reflected by the second surface and the third surface sequentially. After being reflected by the third surface, the light enters the second surface perpendicularly. The light perpendicularly entering the second surface exits from the first prism through the second surface. Then, light that has passed through the second surface of the first prism enters the fourth surface of the second prism perpendicularly, and then enters the second prism through the fourth surface. In the second prism, after passing through the fourth surface, the light is reflected by the fifth surface and the sixth surface sequentially. After being reflected by the sixth surface, the light is further reflected by the fourth surface, and then enters the fifth surface perpendicularly. The light perpendicularly entering the fifth surface exits from the second prism through the fifth surface. In this way, since the optical path is bent twice inside the first prism, and then goes around once inside the second prism, a longer optical path length may be realized without excessively increasing a size of the imaging apparatus. Further, since each of an incident angle to the first prism, an exit angle from the first prism, an incident angle to the second prism, an exit angle from the second prism is approximately 90 degrees, deterioration of optical performance at both the entrance surfaces and the exit surfaces may be suppressed.
[0027] In a first implementation form of the second aspect, with reference to the second implementation form of the first aspect, the fifth surface is parallel to the optical axis of the first lens group, and light after passing through the fifth surface enters the second lens group, and then light after passing through the second lens group enters the image sensor. In the first implementation form of the second aspect, the optical system is provided in which light is extracted in a direction perpendicular to the optical axis of the first lens group.
[0028] In a second implementation form of the second aspect, the fifth surface is perpendicular to the optical axis of the first lens group, and light after passing through the fifth surface enters the second lens group, and then light after passing through the second lens group enters the image sensor. In the second implementation form of the second aspect, the optical system is provided in which light is extracted in a direction parallel to the optical axis of the first lens group.
[0029] In a third implementation form of the second aspect, the imaging apparatus further comprises: a light shielding member arranged between the second surface of the first prism and the fourth surface of the second prism. The light shielding member has an opening, and a size SS of the opening meets the following condition: 20%≤ SS / S1 ≤ 60%, where S1 indicates a size of an optical effective range of a lens in the first lens group located closest to the object side.
[0030] According to the third implementation form of the second aspect, the light shielding member may reduce occurrence of stray light. In addition, deterioration in image quality due to the stray light may be effectively suppressed by satisfying the condition above while suppressing a decrease in an amount of peripheral light.
[0031] In a fourth implementation form of the second aspect, the first angle is 45 degrees, and a refractive index Nd1 of the first prism meets the following condition: Nd1 ≥ 1.6. Specifically, Nd1 may indicate the refractive index for d-line.
[0032] In a fifth implementation form of the second aspect, the third angle is 45 degrees, and a refractive index Nd2 of the second prism meets the following condition: Nd2 ≥ 1.6. Specifically, Nd2 may indicate the refractive index for d-line.
[0033] In a sixth implementation form of the second aspect, a field of view FOV of an entire optical system in the imaging apparatus meets the following condition: FOV ≤ 40 degrees.
[0034] In a seventh implementation form of the second aspect, a focal length FL1 of the first lens group meets the following condition: 0.5 ≤ FL1 / EFL ≤ 0.9, where EFL indicates a focal length of an entire optical system in the imaging apparatus. According to the seventh implementation form of the second aspect, overcorrection and undercorrection of spherical aberration may be suppressed, and occurrence of coma aberration and curvature of field may also be suppressed.
[0035] In an eigth implementation form of the second aspect, an optical path length OPL from a lens surface located closest to the object side to a light receiving surface of the image sensor meets the following condition: W / OPL ≤ 0.5, where W indicates a width of the imaging apparatus in a direction of the optical axis.
[0036] In a ninth implementation form of the second aspect, the imaging apparatus further comprises: a first moving member configured to move the first lens group in directions perpendicular to the optical axis of the first lens group for image stabilization.
[0037] In a tenth implementation form of the second aspect, the imaging apparatus further comprises: a second moving member configured to move the image sensor in directions parallel to a light receiving surface of the image sensor for image stabilization.
[0038] In an eleventh implementation form of the second aspect, the imaging apparatus further comprises: a third moving member configured to move at least one lens in the first lens group along the optical axis of the first lens group for focusing.
[0039] In a twelfth implementation form of the second aspect, the imaging apparatus further comprises: a fourth moving member configured to move at least one lens in the second lens group along an optical axis of the second lens group for focusing.
[0040] In a thirteenth implementation form of the second aspect, the imaging apparatus further comprises: a fifth moving member configured to move the image sensor along an optical axis of the second lens group for focusing.
[0041] A third aspect of this disclosure provides an electronic device comprising: a processor, and the imaging apparatus according to any one of the first aspect or the first to fifteenth implementation forms of the first aspect, where the processor is configured to use the imaging apparatus to implement an image capturing function of the electronic device.
[0042] A fourth aspect of this disclosure provides an electronic device comprising: a processor, and the imaging apparatus according to any one of the second aspect or the first to thirteenth implementation forms of the second aspect, where the processor is configured to use the imaging apparatus to implement an image capturing function of the electronic device.
[0043] For technical effects that can be achieved in the third and fourth aspects, refer to descriptions of technical effects that can be brought by the corresponding technical solutions in the first and second aspects. Details are not described herein again.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0044] Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an imaging apparatus according to a first embodiment of this disclosure;
[0045] Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram for describing configuration of flat surfaces of a prism in the imaging apparatus according to the first embodiment of this disclosure;
[0046] Fig. 3 shows an example of configuration of optical elements in the imaging apparatus according to the first embodiment of this disclosure;
[0047] Fig. 4 shows an example of lens parameters in the imaging apparatus according to the first embodiment of this disclosure;
[0048] Fig. 5 shows a spherical aberration characteristic of an entire optical system in the imaging apparatus according to the first embodiment of this disclosure;
[0049] Fig. 6 shows an astigmatism characteristic of the entire optical system in the imaging apparatus according to the first embodiment of this disclosure;
[0050] Fig. 7 shows a distortion characteristic of the entire optical system in the imaging apparatus according to the first embodiment of this disclosure;
[0051] Fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of an imaging apparatus according to a second embodiment of this disclosure;
[0052] Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram for describing configuration of flat surfaces of prisms in the imaging apparatus according to the second embodiment of this disclosure;
[0053] Fig. 10 shows an example of configuration of optical elements in the imaging apparatus according to the second embodiment of this disclosure;
[0054] Fig. 11 shows an example of lens parameters in the imaging apparatus according to the second embodiment of this disclosure;
[0055] Fig. 12 shows a spherical aberration characteristic of an entire optical system in the imaging apparatus according to the second embodiment of this disclosure;
[0056] Fig. 13 shows an astigmatism characteristic of the entire optical system in the imaging apparatus according to the second embodiment of this disclosure;
[0057] Fig. 14 shows a distortion characteristic of the entire optical system in the imaging apparatus according to the second embodiment of this disclosure;
[0058] Fig. 15 is a schematic structural diagram of an imaging apparatus according to a third embodiment of this disclosure;
[0059] Fig. 16 is a schematic diagram for describing configuration of flat surfaces of prisms in the imaging apparatus according to the third embodiment of this disclosure;
[0060] Fig. 17 shows an example of configuration of optical elements in the imaging apparatus according to the third embodiment of this disclosure;
[0061] Fig. 18 shows an example of lens parameters in the imaging apparatus according to the third embodiment of this disclosure;
[0062] Fig. 19 shows a spherical aberration characteristic of an entire optical system in the imaging apparatus according to the third embodiment of this disclosure;
[0063] Fig. 20 shows an astigmatism characteristic of the entire optical system in the imaging apparatus according to the third embodiment of this disclosure;
[0064] Fig. 21 shows a distortion characteristic of the entire optical system in the imaging apparatus according to the third embodiment of this disclosure;
[0065] Fig. 22 is a schematic structural diagram of an imaging apparatus according to a fourth embodiment of this disclosure;
[0066] Fig. 23 is a schematic diagram for describing configuration of flat surfaces of prisms in the imaging apparatus according to the fourth embodiment of this disclosure;
[0067] Fig. 24 shows an example of configuration of optical elements in the imaging apparatus according to the fourth embodiment of this disclosure;
[0068] Fig. 25 shows an example of lens parameters in the imaging apparatus according to the fourth embodiment of this disclosure;
[0069] Fig. 26 shows a spherical aberration characteristic of an entire optical system in the imaging apparatus according to the fourth embodiment of this disclosure;
[0070] Fig. 27 shows an astigmatism characteristic of the entire optical system in the imaging apparatus according to the fourth embodiment of this disclosure;
[0071] Fig. 28 shows a distortion characteristic of the entire optical system in the imaging apparatus according to the fourth embodiment of this disclosure; and
[0072] Fig. 29 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device according to this disclosure.DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS
[0073] The following describes the technical solutions in embodiments of this disclosure with reference to the accompanying drawings in embodiments of this disclosure.
[0074] It should be noted that, in this disclosure, the term like as an example" or "for example" is used to represent giving an example, an illustration, or a description. Any embodiment or design solution described by using as an example" or "for example" in this application should not be construed as being preferred or having more advantages than another embodiment or design solution. To be precise, the term like as an example" or "for example" is intended to present a related concept in a specific manner.
[0075] It should be noted that in the following description, at least one" means one or more and a plurality of" means two or more. In addition, and / or" describes an association relationship between associated objects, and represents that three relationships may exist. For example, A and / or B may represent the following cases: Only A exists, both A and B exist, and only B exists, where A and B may be singular or plural. The character " / " generally indicates an "or" relationship between the associated objects. At least one of the following items (pieces) or a similar expression thereof indicates any combination of these items, including a single item (piece) or any combination of a plurality of items (pieces) . For example, at least one of a, b, and c may represent: a, b, c, a and b, a and c, b and c, or a, b, and c, where a, b, and c each may be singular or plural.
[0076] In addition, unless otherwise stated, ordinal terms such as "first" and "second" used in this disclosure are used to distinguish between a plurality of objects, and are not intended to limit a sequence, a time sequence, priorities, or importance degrees of the plurality of objects.
[0077] FIRST EMBODIMENT
[0078] Following describes an imaging apparatus 10 according to a first embodiment of this disclosure, with reference to Figs. 1 to 7.
[0079] Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the imaging apparatus 10 according to the first embodiment of this disclosure.
[0080] As shown in Fig. 1, the imaging apparatus 10 includes: a first lens group LG1 located on an object side, a first prism PR1 having a plurality of flat surfaces, a second lens group LG2 located on an image side, and an image sensor IMG. Optionally, the imaging apparatus 10 may further include a stop before the first lens group LG1, and an optical filter FL such as an infrared filter located between the second lens group LG2 and the image sensor IMG.
[0081] The first lens group LG1 includes a lens L1. The first lens group LG1 may have positive dioptic power. Optionally, the first lens group LG1 may further include one or more other lenses. The second lens group LG2 includes a lens L2 and a lens L3. The second lens group LG2 may have negative dioptic power. Optionally, the second lens group LG2 may further include one or more other lenses, or the lens L2 or the lens L3 may be omitted. The first prism PR1 has a refractive index Nd1 for d-line.
[0082] In FIG. 1, an optical axis direction AX1 of the first lens group LG1, an optical axis direction AX2 of the second lens group LG2, and a plurality of optical paths P0, P1, P2, P3, and P4 are shown as examples. The optical path P0 indicates an optical path of light (herein referred to as "reference light" ) that enters the first prism PR1 along the optical axis of the first lens group LG1. R indicates a size of an optical effective range R (that is, an effective diameter) of the lens L1.
[0083] It may be understood from FIG. 1 that the optical paths within the optical effective range R pass through the first lens group LG1 and then enter the first prism PR1, and the optical paths are bent three times in the first prism PR1 and then enter the second lens group LG2. Further, the optical paths pass through the second lens group LG2 and the optical filter FL sequentially to reach a light receiving surface of the image sensor IMG. In this way, in the imaging apparatus 10 of the first embodiment, each of the optical paths is bent three times inside the first prism PR1. This makes it possible to realize a longer optical path length than conventional bending optical systems.
[0084] Following will describe surface configuration of the first prism PR1 with reference to FIG. 2. Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram for describing configuration of the flat surfaces of the prism PR in the imaging apparatus 10 according to the first embodiment of this disclosure.
[0085] The plurality of flat surfaces of the first prism PR1 includes: a first surface PS1 perpendicular to the optical axis direction AX1 of the first lens group LG1, where light after passing through the first lens group LG1 enters the first prism PR1 through the first surface PS1; a second surface PS2 configured to reflect light after passing through the first surface PS1, where the second surface PS2 is tilted at a first angle with respect to the first surface PS1; a third surface PS3 configured to reflect light after being reflected by the second surface PS2, where the third surface PS3 is tilted at a second angle with respect to the first surface PS1.
[0086] Light that has passed through the first lens group LG1 is perpendicularly incident on the first surface PS1, and then enters the first prism PR1 through the first surface PS1. After passing through the first surface PS1, the light is incident on the second surface PS2. The second surface PS2 totally reflects this incident light. After being totally reflected by the second surface PS2, the light enters the third surface PS3. A reflective coating is applied to the third surface PS3, so that light incident on the third surface PS3 is reflected by the third surface PS3. After being reflected by the third surface PS3, the light enters the first surface PS1. The first surface PS1 totally reflects this incident light. After being totally reflected by the first surface PS1, the light enters the second surface PS2 perpendicularly. Light perpendicularly entering the second surface PS2 passes through the second surface PS2, and then enters the second lens group LG2. After entering the second lens group LG2, the light passes through the second lens group LG2 and the optical filter FL sequentially, and then reaches the light receiving surface of the image sensor IMG.
[0087] Following will describe the relationship between the first surface PS1, the second surface PS2, and the third surface PS3. Here, an inclination angle (that is, the first angle) of the second surface PS2 with respect to the first surface PS1 is denoted as A12, and an inclination angle (that is, the second angle) of the third surface PS3 with respect to the first surface PS1 is denoted as A13. Further, an inclination angle of the third surface PS3 with respect to the second surface PS2 is denoted as A23. Further, an angle formed by the second surface PS2 and a propagation direction of the reference light just after passsing through the first surface PS1 is denoted as a1, and an angle formed by the first surface PS1 and a propagation direction of the reference light just after being reflected by the third surface PS3 is denoted as a2.
[0088] The propagation direction (corresponding to the direction AX1) of the reference light incident on the first prism PR1 is perpendicular to the first surface PS1, and the propagation direction (corresponding to the direction AX2) of the reference light exiting from the first prism PR1 is perpendicular to the second surface PS2. Further, an incident angle of light on each reflection surface is the same as an angle of reflection of the light thereon. Under these conditions, A12 = 90 -a1 (deg. ) , a1 = a2, A13 = 90 -A12 / 2 (deg. ) , and A23 = A13. The angle a1 is configured so that the reference light incident on the second surface PS2 at the angle a1 is totally reflected by the second surface PS2. The first angle A12 may be determined based on the angle a1. Further, the second angle A13 may be determined based on the first angle A12.
[0089] For example, in the case that the refractive index Nd1 of the first prism PR1 satisfies Nd1≧1.6, when the angle a1 is approximately 45 degrees, the reference light incident on the second surface PS2 at the angle a1 is totally reflected, and the reference light incident on the first surface PS1 at the angle a2 is totally reflected. In this case, the first angle A12 is approximately 45 degrees, and the second angle A13 is approximately 67.5 degrees (that is, the inclination angle of the third surface PS3 with respect to the optical axis direction AX1 is approximately 22.5 degrees) .
[0090] In other words, the first angle A12 and the second angle A13 are configured to meet the following conditions: (i) the second surface PS2 totally reflects reference light propagating along the optical axis direction AX1 of the first lens group LG1; and (ii) the reference light after being reflected by successively the second surface PS2 and the third surface PS3 is totally reflected by the first surface PS1, and then the reference light after being reflected by the first surface PS1 enters the second surface PS2 perpendicularly.
[0091] As described above, in the imaging apparatus 10 of the first embodiment, light that has passed through the first lens group is perpendicularly incident on the first surface PS1 of the first prism PR1, and then enters the first prism PR1 through the first surface PS1. In the first prism PR1, after passing through the first surface PS1, the light is reflected by the second surface PS2 and the third surface PS3 sequentially. After being reflected by the third surface PS3, the light is further reflected by the first surface PS1, and then enters the second surface PS2 perpendicularly. The light perpendicularly entering the second surface PS2 exits from the first prism PR1 through the second surface PS2. In this way, since the optical path goes around once inside the first prism PR1, a long optical path length may be realized without excessively increasing a size of the imaging apparatus 10. Further, since each of an incident angle to the first prism PR1 and an exit angle from the first prism PR1 is approximately 90 degrees, deterioration of optical performance at both the entrance surface and the exit surface may be suppressed.
[0092] Following will descibes the optical performance of the imaging apparatus 10 according to the first embodiment with reference to FIG. 3 to FIG. 7.
[0093] Fig. 3 shows Table 1 indicating a configuration example of optical elements in the imaging apparatus 10 according to the first embodiment of this disclosure. Fig. 4 shows Table 2 indicating an example of lens parameters in the imaging apparatus 10 according to the first embodiment of this disclosure.
[0094] Table 1 shows examples of parameters for each element in the imaging apparatus 10. Table 1 shows a radius of curvature (Radius) of each of an object-side curved surface S1 and an image-side curved surface S2, a thickness (Thickness) of each curved surface for the lenses L1, L2 and L3, a refractive index (Nd) for d-line of the lens L1, and Abbe number (νd) of the lens L1. For the first prism PR1, Table 1 shows a tilt angle (Tilt) of each surface with respect to the first surface PS1, the refractive index (Nd) for d-line, and Abbe number (νd) . "Inf. " written in the "Radius" column of Table 1 indicates that a corresponding surface is flat. "Enter" represents a surface through which light enters the first prism PR1 from the outside, and "Exit" represents a surface through which light exits from the first prism PR1. Table 1 also shows a refractive index (Nd) for d-line and Abbe number (νd) of the optical filter FL. Table 2 shows Conic constants and high-order aspheric coefficients from the 4th to the 16th orders for lenses L1, L2 and L3.
[0095] Following will describe optical characteristics of the imaging apparatus 10 with reference to FIG. 5 to FIG. 7. FIG. 5 to FIG. 7 show calculation results of the optical characteristics of the imaging apparatus 10 using an example set of parameters shown in Tables 1 and 2.
[0096] Fig. 5 shows a spherical aberration characteristic of an entire optical system in the imaging apparatus 10 according to the first embodiment of this disclosure. Specifically, FIG. 5 shows spherical aberration curves for d-line, C-line and F-line in the case that F-value is 1.98. Referring to spherical aberration curves shown in FIG. 5, it may be understood that the imaging apparatus 10 according to the first embodiment has the favorable optical characteristic with respect to spherical aberration.
[0097] Fig. 6 shows an astigmatism characteristic of the entire optical system in the imaging apparatus 10 according to the first embodiment of this disclosure. Specifically, FIG. 6 shows astigmatism curves in a sagittal plane (X) and a meridional (or tangential) plane (Y) . Referring to the astigmatism curves shown in FIG. 6, it may be understood that the imaging apparatus 10 according to the first embodiment has the favorable optical characteristic with respect to astigmatism.
[0098] Fig. 7 shows a distortion characteristic of the entire optical system in the imaging apparatus 10 according to the first embodiment of this disclosure. Referring to a distortion aberration curve shown in FIG. 7, it may be understood that the imaging apparatus 10 according to the first embodiment has the favorable optical characteristic with respect to distortion. From the results shown in FIG. 5 to FIG. 7, it may be understood that a high quality image may be obtained by the imaging apparatus 10 according to the first embodiment.
[0099] As described above, the first embodiment can provide the imaging apparatus 10 having the compact optical system with the long optical path length and high optical performance.
[0100] During specific implementation of the imaging apparatus 10, the following designs are applicable to the imaging apparatus 10.
[0101] In some designs of the first embodiment, an optical path length OPL from a lens surface (S1 of the lens L1) located closest to the object side to a light receiving surface of the image sensor IMG may meet the following condition: W / OPL ≤ 0.5, where W indicates a width of the imaging apparatus 10 in the optical axis direction AX1. In this example, since the size of the imaging apparatus 10 in the optical axis direction of the first lens group LG1 is small, it is easy to mount the imaging apparatus 10 on a thin electronic device such as a smartphone or a tablet.
[0102] In some designs of the first embodiment, a field of view FOV of the entire optical system in the imaging apparatus 10 may meet the following condition: FOV ≤ 40 degrees. In this example, the effect of reducing the size of the imaging apparatus 10 becomes significant.
[0103] In some designs of the first embodiment, a focal length FL1 of the first lens group LG1 may meet the following condition: 0.5 ≤ FL1 / EFL ≤ 0.9, where EFL indicates a focal length of an entire optical system in the imaging apparatus 10. In this example, overcorrection and undercorrection of spherical aberration may be suppressed, and occurrence of coma aberration and curvature of field may also be suppressed.
[0104] Optionally, the imaging apparatus 10 described above may implement an image stabilization mechanism. Following will describe an implementation example of the image stabilization mechanism.
[0105] In some designs of the first embodiment, the imaging apparatus 10 may further include a first moving member configured to move the first lens group LG1 in directions perpendicular to the optical axis direction AX1 of the first lens group LG1 for image stabilization. For example, the first moving member may include magnets fixed to a support member for supporting the first lens group LG1, a coil arranged to face the magnets, and a controller that controls the current flowing through the coil, and the first moving member is configured to move the first lens group LG1 by controlling the current flowing through the coil. The first moving member is not limited to this example. Alternatively, the first moving member may be configured to move the first lens group LG1 by another driving mechanism such as a motor. The first moving member may further include one or more sensors for detecting a position of the first lens group LG1 and / or acceleration, and the first moving member may perform the image stabilization by moving the first lens group LG1 based on sensing results obtained by the sensors.
[0106] Alternatively, in some other designs of the first embodiment, the imaging apparatus 10 may further include a second moving member configured to move the image sensor IMG in directions parallel to a light receiving surface of the image sensor IMG for image stabilization. For example, the second moving member may include magnets fixed to a support member for supporting the image sensor IMG, a coil arranged to face the magnets, and a controller that controls the current flowing through the coil, and the second moving member is configured to move the image sensor IMG by controlling the current flowing through the coil. The second moving member is not limited to this example. Alternatively, the second moving member may be configured to move the image sensor IMG by another driving mechanism such as a motor. The second moving member may further include one or more sensors for detecting a position of the image sensor IMG and / or acceleration, and the second moving member may perform the image stabilization by moving the image sensor IMG based on sensing results obtained by the sensors.
[0107] Optionally, the imaging apparatus 10 described above may implement a focusing mechanism. Following will describe an implementation example of the focusing mechanism.
[0108] In some designs of the first embodiment, the imaging apparatus 10 further may include a third moving member configured to move at least one lens in the first lens group LG1 along the optical axis direction AX1 of the first lens group LG1 for focusing. For example, the third moving member may include an actuator for moving at least one lens in the first lens group LG1 along the optical axis direction AX1, and the third moving member is configured to move the at least one lens in response to control signals. The actuator may include a driving mechanism such as an ultrasonic motor, a stepping motor or a linear motor.
[0109] Alternatively, in some other designs of the first embodiment, the imaging apparatus 10 may further include a fourth moving member configured to move at least one lens in the second lens group LG2 along the optical axis direction AX2 of the second lens group LG2 for focusing. For example, the fourth moving member may include an actuator for moving at least one lens in the second lens group LG2 along the optical axis direction AX2, and the fourth moving member is configured to move the at least one lens in response to control signals. The actuator may include a driving mechanism such as an ultrasonic motor, a stepping motor or a linear motor.
[0110] Alternatively, in some other designs of the first embodiment, the imaging apparatus 10 may further include a fifth moving member configured to move the image sensor IMG along the optical axis direction AX2 of the second lens group LG2 for focusing. For example, the fifth moving member may include an actuator for moving the image sensor IMG along the optical axis direction AX2 of the second lens group LG2, and the fifth moving member is configured to move the image sensor IMG in response to control signals. The actuator may include a driving mechanism such as an ultrasonic motor, a stepping motor or a linear motor.
[0111] As described above, during implementation of the imaging apparatus 10 according to the first embodiment, various designs may be applied thereto. A specific implementation is not limited in this disclosure.
[0112] SECOND EMBODIMENT
[0113] Following describes an imaging apparatus 20 according to a second embodiment of this disclosure, with reference to Figs. 8 to 14.
[0114] Fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of the imaging apparatus 20 according to the second embodiment of this disclosure.
[0115] As shown in Fig. 8, the imaging apparatus 20 includes: a first lens group LG1 located on an object side, a first prism PR1 having a plurality of flat surfaces, a second prism PR2 having a plurality of flat surfaces, a second lens group LG2 located on an image side, and an image sensor IMG. Optionally, the imaging apparatus 20 may further include a stop before the first lens group LG1, and an optical filter FL such as an infrared filter located between the second lens group LG2 and the image sensor IMG. In addition, the imaging apparatus 20 may further include a light shielding member SH arranged between the first prism PR1 and the second prism PR2. The lens groups LG1 and LG2, the optical filter FL and the image sensor IMG in the second embodiment may be or may not be the same as the lens groups LG1 and LG2, the optical filter FL and the image sensor IMG in the first embodiment, respectively. A profile of the first prism in the second embodiment may be or may not be the same as a profile of the first prism in the first embodiment.
[0116] The first lens group LG1 includes a lens L1. The first lens group LG1 may have positive dioptic power. Optionally, the first lens group LG1 may further include one or more other lenses. The second lens group LG2 includes a lens L2 and a lens L3. The second lens group LG2 may have negative dioptic power. Optionally, the second lens group LG2 may further include one or more other lenses, or the lens L2 or the lens L3 may be omitted. The first prism PR1 has a refractive index Nd1 for d-line. The second prism PR2 has a refractive index Nd2 for d-line.
[0117] In FIG. 8, an optical axis direction AX1 of the first lens group LG1, an optical axis direction AX2' of the second lens group LG2, and a plurality of optical paths P0, P1, P2, P3, and P4 are shown as examples. It should be noted that the directions AX1 and AX2' in the second embodiment are perpendicular to each other. The optical path P0 indicates an optical path of light (herein referred to as "reference light" ) that enters the first prism PR1 along the optical axis of the first lens group LG1. R indicates a size of an optical effective range R (that is, an effective diameter) of the lens L1.
[0118] It may be understood from FIG. 8 that the optical paths within the optical effective range R pass through the first lens group LG1 and then enter the first prism PR1, and the optical paths are bent three times in the first prism PR1 and then enter the second prism PR2. After entering the second prism PR2, the optical paths are further bent three times in the second prism PR2 and then enter the second lens group LG2. Further, the optical paths pass through the second lens group LG2 and the optical filter FL sequentially, and reach a light receiving surface of the image sensor IMG. In this way, in the imaging apparatus 20 of the second embodiment, each of the optical paths is bent six times inside the first and second prisms in total. This makes it possible to realize a longer optical path length than conventional bending optical systems.
[0119] Following will describe surface configuration of the first prism PR1 and the second prism PR2 with reference to FIG. 9.
[0120] Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram for describing configuration of flat surfaces of the prisms PR1 and PR2 in the imaging apparatus 20 according to the second embodiment of this disclosure.
[0121] First, the surface configuration of the first prism PR1 will be explained. The plurality of flat surfaces of the first prism PR1 includes: a first surface PS11 perpendicular to the optical axis direction AX1 of the first lens group LG1, where light after passing through the first lens group LG1 enters the first prism PR1 through the first surface PS11; a second surface PS12 configured to reflect light after passing through the first surface PS11, where the second surface PS12 is tilted at a first angle with respect to the first surface PS11; a third surface PS13 configured to reflect light after being reflected by the second surface PS12, where the third surface PS13 is tilted at a second angle with respect to the first surface PS11.
[0122] Light that has passed through the first lens group LG1 is perpendicularly incident on the first surface PS11, and then enters the first prism PR1 through the first surface PS11. After passing through the first surface PS11, the light is incident on the second surface PS12. The second surface PS12 totally reflects this incident light. After being totally reflected by the second surface PS12, the light enters the third surface PS13. A reflective coating is applied to the third surface PS13, so that light incident on the third surface PS13 is reflected by the third surface PS13. After being reflected by the third surface PS13, the light is incident on the first surface PS11. The first surface PS11 totally reflects this incident light. After being totally reflected by the first surface PS11, the light enters the second surface PS12 perpendicularly. Light perpendicularly entering the second surface PS12 passes through the second surface PS12. After passing through the second surface PS12, only light passing within an opening of the light shielding member SH may enter the second prism PR2. The size SS of the opening of the light shielding member SH may meet the following condition: 20%≤ SS / S1 ≤ 60%, where S1 indicates the size of the optical effective range R of the lens L1 (that is, a lens located closest to the object side) in the first lens group LG1.
[0123] Following will describe the relationship between the first surface PS11, the second surface PS12, and the third surface PS13. Here, an inclination angle (that is, the first angle) of the second surface PS12 with respect to the first surface PS11 is denoted as A12, and an inclination angle (that is, the second angle) of the third surface PS13 with respect to the first surface PS11 is denoted as A13. Further, an inclination angle of the third surface PS13 with respect to the second surface PS12 is denoted as A23. Further, an angle formed by the second surface PS12 and a propagation direction of the reference light just after passsing through the first surface PS11 is denoted as a1, and an angle formed by the first surface PS11 and a propagation direction of the reference light just after being reflected by the third surface PS13 is denoted as a2.
[0124] The propagation direction (corresponding to the direction AX1) of the reference light incident on the first prism PR1 is perpendicular to the first surface PS11, and the propagation direction (corresponding to the direction AX2') of the reference light exiting from the first prism PR1 is perpendicular to the second surface PS12. Further, an incident angle of light on each reflection surface is the same as an angle of reflection of the light thereon. Under these conditions, A12 = 90 -a1 (deg. ) , a1 = a2, A13 = 90 -A12 / 2 (deg. ) , and A23 = A13. The angle a1 is configured so that the reference light incident on the second surface PS12 at the angle a1 is totally reflected by the second surface PS12. The first angle A12 may be determined based on the angle a1. Further, the second angle A13 may be determined based on the first angle A12.
[0125] For example, in the case that the refractive index Nd1 of the first prism PR1 satisfies Nd1≧1.6, when the angle a1 is approximately 45 degrees, the reference light incident on the second surface PS12 at the angle a1 is totally reflected by the second surface PS12, and the reference light incident on the first surface PS11 at the angle a2 is totally reflected by the first surface PS11. In this case, the first angle A12 is approximately 45 degrees, and the second angle A13 is approximately 67.5 degrees (that is, the inclination angle of the third surface PS13 with respect to the optical axis direction AX1 is approximately 22.5 degrees) .
[0126] In other words, the first angle A12 and the second angle A13 are configured to meet the following conditions: (i) the second surface PS12 totally reflects reference light propagating along the optical axis direction AX1 of the first lens group LG1; and (ii) the reference light after being reflected by successively the second surface PS12 and the third surface PS13 is totally reflected by the first surface PS11, and then the reference light after being reflected by the first surface PS11 enters the second surface PS12 perpendicularly.
[0127] Next, the surface configuration of the second prism PR2 will be explained. The plurality of flat surfaces of the second prism PR2 includes: a fourth surface PS21 facing the second surface PS12 of the first prism PR1, where the fourth surface PS21 is parallel to the second surface PS12 of the first prism PR1; a fifth surface PS22 configured to reflect light after passing through the fourth surface PS21, where the fifth surface PS22 is tilted at a third angle with respect to the fourth surface PS21; and a sixth surface PS23 configured to reflect light after being reflected by the fifth surface PS22, where the sixth surface PS23 is tilted at a fourth angle with respect to the fourth surface PS22.
[0128] Light that has passed through the second surface PS12 of the first prism PR1 travels toward the fourth surface PS21 of the second prism PR2 through the opening of the light shielding member SH, and the light is perpendicularly incident on the fourth surface PS21. Light incident on the fourth surface PS21 enters the second prism PR2 through the fourth surface PS21. After passing through the fourth surface PS21, the light is incident on the fifth surface PS22. The fifth surface PS22 totally reflects this incident light. After being reflected by the fifth surface PS22, the light enters the sixth surface PS23. A reflective coating is applied to the sixth surface PS23, so that light incident on the sixth surface PS23 is reflected by the sixth surface PS23. After being reflected by the sixth surface PS23, the light is incident on the fourth surface PS21. The fourth surface PS21 totally reflects this incident light. After being reflected by the fourth surface PS21, the light enters the fifth surface PS22 perpendicularly. Light perpendicularly entering the fifth surface PS22 passes through the fifth surface PS22, and then enters the second lens group LG2. After entering the second lens group LG2, the light passes through the second lens group LG2 and the optical filter FL sequentially, and then reaches the light receiving surface of the image sensor IMG.
[0129] Following will describe the relationship between the fourth surface PS21, the fifth surface PS22, and the sixth surface PS23. Here, an inclination angle (that is, the third angle) of the fifth surface PS22 with respect to the fourth surface PS21 is denoted as A45, and an inclination angle (that is, the fourth angle) of the sixth surface PS23 with respect to the fourth surface PS21 is denoted as A46. Further, an inclination angle of the sixth surface PS23 with respect to the fifth surface PS22 is denoted as A56. Further, an angle formed by the fifth surface PS22 and a propagation direction of the reference light just after passsing through the fourth surface PS21 is denoted as b1, and an angle formed by the fourth surface PS21 and a propagation direction of the reference light just after being reflected by the sixth surface PS23 is denoted as b2.
[0130] The propagation direction of the reference light incident on the second prism PR2 is perpendicular to the fourth surface PS21, and the propagation direction (corresponding to the direction AX2') of the reference light exiting from the second prism PR2 is perpendicular to the fifth surface PS22. Further, an incident angle of light on each reflection surface is the same as an angle of reflection of the light thereon. Under these conditions, A45 = 90 -b1 (deg. ) , b1 = b2, A46 = 90 -A45 / 2 (deg. ) , and A56 = A46. The angle b1 is configured so that the reference light incident on the fifth surface PS22 at the angle b1 is totally reflected by the fifth surface PS22. The third angle A45 may be determined based on the angle b1. Further, the fourth angle A46 may be determined based on the third angle A45.
[0131] For example, in the case that the refractive index Nd2 of the second prism PR2 satisfies Nd2≧1.6, when the angle b1 is approximately 45 degrees, the reference light incident on the fifth surface PS22 at the angle b1 is totally reflected by the fifth surface PS22, and the reference light incident on the fourth surface PS21 at the angle b2 is totally reflected by the fourth surface PS21. In this case, the third angle A45 is approximately 45 degrees, and the fourth angle A46 is approximately 67.5 degrees (that is, the inclination angle of the sixth surface PS23 with respect to the propagation direction of the reference light incident on the fourth surface PS21 is approximately 22.5 degrees) .
[0132] In other words, the third angle A45 and the fourth angle A46 are configured to meet the following conditions: (iii) the fifth surface PS22 totally reflects the reference light after passing through the second surface PS12 and the fourth surface PS21; and (iv) the reference light after being reflected by successively the fifth surface PS22 and the sixth surface PS23 is totally reflected by the fourth surface PS21, and then the reference light after being reflected by the fourth surface PS21 enters the fifth surface PS22 perpendicularly.
[0133] As described above, in the imaging apparatus 20 of the second embodiment, light that has passed through the first lens group LG1 is perpendicularly incident on the first surface PS11 of the first prism PR1, and then enters the first prism PR1 through the first surface PS11. In the first prism PR1, after passing through the first surface PS11, the light is reflected by the second surface PS12 and the third surface PS13 sequentially. After being reflected by the third surface PS13, the light is further reflected by the first surface PS11 and then enters the second surface PS12 perpendicularly. The light perpendicularly entering the second surface PS12 exits from the first prism PR1 through the second surface PS12.
[0134] Furthermore, light that has exited from the first prism PR1 and passed through the opening of the light shielding member SH is perpendicularly incident on the fourth surface PS21 of the second prism PR2, and then enters the second prism PR2 through the fourth surface PS21. In the second prism PR2, after passing through the fourth surface PS21, the light is reflected by the fifth surface PS22 and the sixth surface PS23 sequentially. After being reflected by the sixth surface PS23, the light is further reflected by the fourth surface PS21, and then enters the fifth surface PS22 perpendicularly. The light perpendicularly entering the fifth surface PS22 exits from the second prism PR2 through the fifth surface PS22.
[0135] In this way, since the optical path goes around once inside the first prism PR1, and the optical path further goes around once inside the second prism PR2, a longer optical path length may be realized without excessively increasing a size of the imaging apparatus 20. Further, since each of an incident angle to the first prism PR1 and an exit angle from the first prism PR1 is approximately 90 degrees, and each of an incident angle to the second prism PR2 and an exit angle from the second prism PR2 is also approximately 90 degrees, deterioration of optical performance at both the entrance surface and the exit surface may be suppressed.
[0136] Following will descibes the optical performance of the imaging apparatus 20 according to the second embodiment with reference to FIG. 10 to FIG. 14.
[0137] Fig. 10 shows Table 3 indicating a configuration example of optical elements in the imaging apparatus 20 according to the second embodiment of this disclosure. Fig. 11 shows Table 4 indicating an example of lens parameters in the imaging apparatus 20 according to the second embodiment of this disclosure.
[0138] Table 3 shows examples of parameters for each element in the imaging apparatus 20. Also, Table 3 shows a radius of curvature (Radius) of each of an object-side curved surface S1 and an image-side curved surface S2, a thickness (Thickness) of each curved surface for the lenses L1, L2 and L3, a refractive index (Nd) for d-line of the lens L1, and Abbe number (νd) of the lens L1. For the first prism PR1, Table 3 shows a tilt angle (Tilt) of each surface with respect to the first surface PS11, the refractive index (Nd) for d-line, and Abbe number (νd) . "Inf. " written in the "Radius" column of Table 3 indicates that each corresponding surface is flat. "Enter" represents a surface through which light enters the first prism PR1 from the outside, and "Exit" represents a surface through which light exits from the first prism PR1. Table 3 further shows a refractive index (Nd) for d-line and Abbe number (νd) of the optical filter FL. Table 4 shows Conic constants and high-order aspheric coefficients from the 4th to the 16th orders for lenses L1, L2 and L3.
[0139] Following will describe optical characteristics of the imaging apparatus 20 with reference to FIG. 12 to FIG. 14. FIG. 12 to FIG. 14 show calculation results of the optical characteristics of the imaging apparatus 20 using an example set of parameters shown in Tables 3 and 4.
[0140] Fig. 12 shows a spherical aberration characteristic of an entire optical system in the imaging apparatus 20 according to the second embodiment of this disclosure. Specifically, FIG. 12 shows spherical aberration curves for d-line, C-line and F-line in the case that F-value is 3.25. Referring to spherical aberration curves shown in FIG. 12, it may be understood that the imaging apparatus 20 according to the second embodiment has the favorable optical characteristic with respect to spherical aberration.
[0141] Fig. 13 shows an astigmatism characteristic of the entire optical system in the imaging apparatus 20 according to the second embodiment of this disclosure. Specifically, FIG. 13 shows astigmatism curves in a sagittal plane (X) and a meridional (or tangential) plane (Y) . Referring to the astigmatism curves shown in FIG. 13, it may be understood that the imaging apparatus 20 according to the second embodiment has the favorable optical characteristic with respect to astigmatism.
[0142] Fig. 14 shows a distortion characteristic of the entire optical system in the imaging apparatus 20 according to the second embodiment of this disclosure. Referring to a distortion aberration curve shown in FIG. 14, it may be understood that the imaging apparatus 20 according to the second embodiment has the favorable optical characteristic with respect to distortion. From the results shown in FIG. 12 to FIG. 14, it may be understood that a high quality image may be obtained by the imaging apparatus 20 according to the second embodiment.
[0143] As described above, the second embodiment can provide the imaging apparatus 20 having the compact optical system with the long optical path length and high optical performance.
[0144] During specific implementation of the imaging apparatus 20, the following designs are applicable to the imaging apparatus 20.
[0145] In some designs of the second embodiment, an optical path length OPL from a lens surface (S1 of the lens L1) located closest to the object side to a light receiving surface of the image sensor IMG may meet the following condition: W / OPL ≤ 0.5, where W indicates a width of the imaging apparatus 20 in the optical axis direction AX1. In this example, since the size of the imaging apparatus 20 in the optical axis direction of the first lens group LG1 is small, it is easy to mount the imaging apparatus 20 on a thin electronic device such as a smartphone or a tablet.
[0146] In some designs of the second embodiment, a field of view FOV of the entire optical system in the imaging apparatus 20 may meet the following condition: FOV ≤ 40 degrees. In this example, the effect of reducing the size of the imaging apparatus 20 becomes significant.
[0147] In some designs of the second embodiment, a focal length FL1 of the first lens group LG1 may meet the following condition: 0.5 ≤ FL1 / EFL ≤ 0.9, where EFL indicates a focal length of an entire optical system in the imaging apparatus 20. In this example, overcorrection and undercorrection of spherical aberration may be suppressed, and occurrence of coma aberration and curvature of field may also be suppressed.
[0148] Optionally, the imaging apparatus 20 described above may implement an image stabilization mechanism. Following will describe an implementation example of the image stabilization mechanism.
[0149] In some designs of the second embodiment, the imaging apparatus 20 may further include a first moving member configured to move the first lens group LG1 in directions perpendicular to the optical axis direction AX1 of the first lens group LG1 for image stabilization. For a specific example of configuration of the first moving member, refer to corresponding description of the first embodiment. This is not described herein again.
[0150] Alternatively, in some other designs of the first embodiment, the imaging apparatus 20 may further include a second moving member configured to move the image sensor IMG in directions parallel to a light receiving surface of the image sensor IMG for image stabilization. For a specific example of configuration of the second moving member, refer to corresponding description of the first embodiment. This is not described herein again.
[0151] Optionally, the imaging apparatus 20 described above may implement a focusing mechanism. Following will describe an implementation example of the focusing mechanism.
[0152] In some designs of the second embodiment, the imaging apparatus 20 further may include a third moving member configured to move at least one lens in the first lens group LG1 along the optical axis direction AX1 of the first lens group LG1 for focusing. For a specific example of configuration of the third moving member, refer to corresponding description of the first embodiment. This is not described herein again.
[0153] Alternatively, in some other designs of the second embodiment, the imaging apparatus 20 may further include a fourth moving member configured to move at least one lens in the second lens group LG2 along the optical axis direction AX2' of the second lens group LG2 for focusing. For a specific example of configuration of the fourth moving member, refer to corresponding description of the first embodiment. This is not described herein again.
[0154] Alternatively, in some other designs of the second embodiment, the imaging apparatus 20 may further include a fifth moving member configured to move the image sensor IMG along the optical axis direction AX2' of the second lens group LG2 for focusing. For a specific example of configuration of the fifth moving member, refer to corresponding description of the first embodiment. This is not described herein again.
[0155] As described above, during implementation of the imaging apparatus 20 according to the second embodiment, various designs may be applied thereto. A specific implementation is not limited in this disclosure.
[0156] THIRD EMBODIMENT
[0157] Following describes an imaging apparatus 30 according to a third embodiment of this disclosure, with reference to Figs. 15 to 21.
[0158] Fig. 15 is a schematic structural diagram of the imaging apparatus 30 according to a third embodiment of this disclosure.
[0159] As shown in Fig. 15, the imaging apparatus 30 includes: a first lens group LG1 located on an object side, a first prism PR1 having a plurality of flat surfaces, a second prism PR2' having a plurality of flat surfaces, a second lens group LG2 located on an image side, and an image sensor IMG. Optionally, the imaging apparatus 30 may further include a stop before the first lens group LG1, and an optical filter FL such as an infrared filter located between the second lens group LG2 and the image sensor IMG. In addition, the imaging apparatus 30 may further include a light shielding member SH arranged between the first prism PR1 and the second prism PR2'. The lens groups LG1 and LG2, the optical filter FL and the image sensor IMG in the third embodiment may be or may not be the same as the lens groups LG1 and LG2, the optical filter FL and the image sensor IMG in the first or second embodiment, respectively. Profiles of the first prism and the second prism in the third embodiment may be or may not be the same as profiles of the first prism and the second prism in the second embodiment.
[0160] The first lens group LG1 includes a lens L1. The first lens group LG1 may have positive dioptic power. Optionally, the first lens group LG1 may further include one or more other lenses. The second lens group LG2 includes a lens L2 and a lens L3. The second lens group LG2 may have negative dioptic power. Optionally, the second lens group LG2 may further include one or more other lenses, or the lens L2 or the lens L3 may be omitted. The first prism PR1 has a refractive index Nd1 for d-line. The second prism PR2' has a refractive index Nd2 for d-line.
[0161] In FIG. 15, an optical axis direction AX1 of the first lens group LG1, an optical axis direction AX2" of the second lens group LG2, and a plurality of optical paths P0, P1, P2, P3, and P4 are shown as examples. It should be noted that the directions AX1 and AX2" in the third embodiment are parallel to each other. The optical path P0 indicates an optical path of light (herein referred to as "reference light" ) that enters the first prism PR1 along the optical axis of the first lens group LG1. R indicates a size of an optical effective range R (that is, an effective diameter) of the lens L1.
[0162] It may be understood from FIG. 15 that the optical paths within the optical effective range R pass through the first lens group LG1 and then enter the first prism PR1, and the optical paths are bent three times in the first prism PR1 and then enter the second prism PR2'. After entering the second prism PR2', the optical paths are further bent three times in the second prism PR2' and then enter the second lens group LG2. Further, the optical paths pass through the second lens group LG2 and the optical filter FL sequentially, and reach a light receiving surface of the image sensor IMG. In this way, in the imaging apparatus 30 of the third embodiment, each of the optical paths is bent six times inside the first and second prisms in total. This makes it possible to realize a longer optical path length than conventional bending optical systems.
[0163] Following will describe surface configuration of the first prism PR1 and the second prism PR2' with reference to FIG. 16. Fig. 16 is a schematic diagram for describing configuration of flat surfaces of prisms PR1 and PR2' in the imaging apparatus 30 according to the third embodiment of this disclosure.
[0164] First, the surface configuration of the first prism PR1 will be explained. The plurality of flat surfaces of the first prism PR1 includes: a first surface PS11 perpendicular to the optical axis direction AX1 of the first lens group LG1, where light after passing through the first lens group LG1 enters the first prism PR1 through the first surface PS11; a second surface PS12 configured to reflect light after passing through the first surface PS11, where the second surface PS12 is tilted at a first angle with respect to the first surface PS11; a third surface PS13 configured to reflect light after being reflected by the second surface PS12, where the third surface PS13 is tilted at a second angle with respect to the first surface PS11.
[0165] Light that has passed through the first lens group LG1 is perpendicularly incident on the first surface PS11, and then enters the first prism PR1 through the first surface PS11. After passing through the first surface PS11, the light is incident on the second surface PS12. The second surface PS12 totally reflects this incident light. After being totally reflected by the second surface PS12, the light enters the third surface PS13. A reflective coating is applied to the third surface PS13, so that light incident on the third surface PS13 is reflected by the third surface PS13. After being reflected by the third surface PS13, the light is incident on the first surface PS11. The first surface PS11 totally reflects this incident light. After being totally reflected by the first surface PS11, the light enters the second surface PS12 perpendicularly. Light perpendicularly entering the second surface PS12 passes through the second surface PS12. After passing through the second surface PS12, only light passing within an opening of the light shielding member SH may enter the second prism PR2'. The size SS of the opening of the light shielding member SH may meet the following condition: 20%≤ SS / S1 ≤ 60%, where S1 indicates the size of the optical effective range R of the lens L1 (that is, a lens located closest to the object side) in the first lens group LG1.
[0166] Following will describe the relationship between the first surface PS11, the second surface PS12, and the third surface PS13. Here, an inclination angle (that is, the first angle) of the second surface PS12 with respect to the first surface PS11 is denoted as A12, and an inclination angle (that is, the second angle) of the third surface PS13 with respect to the first surface PS11 is denoted as A13. Further, an inclination angle of the third surface PS13 with respect to the second surface PS12 is denoted as A23. Further, an angle formed by the second surface PS12 and a propagation direction of the reference light just after passing through the first surface PS11 is denoted as a1, and an angle formed by the first surface PS11 and a propagation direction of the reference light just after being reflected by the third surface PS13 is denoted as a2.
[0167] The propagation direction (corresponding to the direction AX1) of the reference light incident on the first prism PR1 is perpendicular to the first surface PS11, and the propagation direction of the reference light exiting from the first prism PR1 is perpendicular to the second surface PS12. Further, an incident angle of light on each reflection surface is the same as an angle of reflection of the light thereon. Under these conditions, A12 = 90 -a1 (deg. ) , a1 = a2, A13 = 90 -A12 / 2 (deg. ) , and A23 = A13. The angle a1 is configured so that the reference light incident on the second surface PS12 at the angle a1 is totally reflected by the second surface PS12. The first angle A12 may be determined based on the angle a1. Further, the second angle A13 may be determined based on the first angle A12.
[0168] For example, in the case that the refractive index Nd1 of the first prism PR1 satisfies Nd1≧1.6, when the angle a1 is approximately 45 degrees, the reference light incident on the second surface PS12 at the angle a1 is totally reflected by the second surface PS12, and the reference light incident on the first surface PS11 at the angle a2 is totally reflected by the first surface PS11. In this case, the first angle A12 is approximately 45 degrees, and the second angle A13 is approximately 67.5 degrees (that is, the inclination angle of the third surface PS13 with respect to the optical axis direction AX1 is approximately 22.5 degrees) .
[0169] In other words, the first angle A12 and the second angle A13 are configured to meet the following conditions: (i) the second surface PS12 totally reflects reference light propagating along the optical axis direction AX1 of the first lens group LG1; and (ii) the reference light after being reflected by successively the second surface PS12 and the third surface PS13 is totally reflected by the first surface PS11, and then the reference light after being reflected by the first surface PS11 enters the second surface PS12 perpendicularly.
[0170] Next, the surface configuration of the second prism PR2' will be explained. The plurality of flat surfaces of the second prism PR2' includes: a fourth surface PS21' facing the second surface PS12 of the first prism PR1, where the fourth surface PS21' is parallel to the second surface PS12 of the first prism PR1; a fifth surface PS22' configured to reflect light after passing through the fourth surface PS21', where the fifth surface PS22' is tilted at a third angle with respect to the fourth surface PS21'; and a sixth surface PS23' configured to reflect light after being reflected by the fifth surface PS22', where the sixth surface PS23' is tilted at a fourth angle with respect to the fourth surface PS22'.
[0171] Light that has passed through the second surface PS12 of the first prism PR1 travels toward the fourth surface PS21' of the second prism PR2' through the opening of the light shielding member SH, and the light is perpendicularly incident on the fourth surface PS21'. Light incident on the fourth surface PS21' enters the second prism PR2' through the fourth surface PS21'. After passing through the fourth surface PS21', the light is incident on the fifth surface PS22'. The fifth surface PS22' totally reflects this incident light. After being reflected by the fifth surface PS22', the light enters the sixth surface PS23'. A reflective coating is applied to the sixth surface PS23', so that light incident on the sixth surface PS23' is reflected by the sixth surface PS23'. After being reflected by the sixth surface PS23', the light is incident on the fourth surface PS21'. The fourth surface PS21' totally reflects this incident light. After being reflected by the fourth surface PS21', the light enters the fifth surface PS22' perpendicularly. Light perpendicularly entering the fifth surface PS22' passes through the fifth surface PS22' and enters the second lens group LG2. After entering the second lens group LG2, the light passes through the second lens group LG2 and the optical filter FL sequentially, and then reaches the light receiving surface of the image sensor IMG.
[0172] Following will describe the relationship between the fourth surface PS21', the fifth surface PS22', and the sixth surface PS23'. Here, an inclination angle (that is, the third angle) of the fifth surface PS22' with respect to the fourth surface PS21' is denoted as A45', and an inclination angle (that is, the fourth angle) of the sixth surface PS23' with respect to the fourth surface PS21' is denoted as A46'. Further, an inclination angle of the sixth surface PS23' with respect to the fifth surface PS22' is denoted as A56'. Further, an angle formed by the fifth surface PS22' and a propagation direction of the reference light just after passsing through the fourth surface PS21' is denoted as b1', and an angle formed by the fourth surface PS21' and a propagation direction of the reference light just after being reflected by the sixth surface PS23' is denoted as b2'.
[0173] The propagation direction of the reference light incident on the second prism PR2' is perpendicular to the fourth surface PS21', and the propagation direction (corresponding to the direction AX2") of the reference light exiting from the second prism PR2' is perpendicular to the fifth surface PS22'. Further, an incident angle of light on each reflection surface is the same as an angle of reflection of the light thereon. Under these conditions, A45'= 90 -b1' (deg. ) , b1'= b2', A46'= 90 -A45' / 2 (deg. ) , and A56'= A46'. The angle b1' is configured so that the reference light incident on the fifth surface PS22' at the angle b1' is totally reflected by the fifth surface PS22'. The third angle A45' may be determined based on the angle b1'. Further, the fourth angle A46' may be determined based on the third angle A45'.
[0174] For example, in the case that the refractive index Nd2 of the second prism PR2' satisfies Nd2≧1.6, when the angle b1' is approximately 45 degrees, the reference light incident on the fifth surface PS22' at the angle b1' is totally reflected by the fifth surface PS22', and the reference light incident on the fourth surface PS21' at the angle b2' is totally reflected by the fourth surface PS21'. In this case, the third angle A45' is approximately 45 degrees, and the fourth angle A46' is approximately 67.5 degrees (that is, the inclination angle of the sixth surface PS23' with respect to the propagation direction of the reference light incident on the fourth surface PS21' is approximately 22.5 degrees) .
[0175] In other words, the third angle A45' and the fourth angle A46' are configured to meet the following conditions: (iii) the fifth surface PS22' totally reflects the reference light after passing through the second surface PS12 and the fourth surface PS21'; and (iv) the reference light after being reflected by successively the fifth surface PS22' and the sixth surface PS23' is totally reflected by the fourth surface PS21', and then the reference light after being reflected by the fourth surface PS21' enters the fifth surface PS22' perpendicularly.
[0176] As described above, in the imaging apparatus 30 of the third embodiment, light that has passed through the first lens group LG1 is perpendicularly incident on the first surface PS11 of the first prism PR1, and then enters the first prism PR1 through the first surface PS11. In the first prism PR1, after passing through the first surface PS11, the light is reflected by the second surface PS12 and the third surface PS13 sequentially. After being reflected by the third surface PS13, the light is further reflected by the first surface PS11 and then enters the second surface PS12 perpendicularly. The light perpendicularly entering the second surface PS12 exits from the first prism PR1 through the second surface PS12.
[0177] Furthermore, light that has exited from the first prism PR1 and has passed through the opening of the light shielding member SH is perpendicularly incident on the fourth surface PS21' of the second prism PR2', and then enters the second prism PR2' through the fourth surface PS21'. In the second prism PR2', after passing through the fourth surface PS21', the light is reflected by the fifth surface PS22' and the sixth surface PS23' sequentially. After being reflected by the sixth surface PS23', the light is further reflected by the fourth surface PS21', and then enters the fifth surface PS22' perpendicularly. Light perpendicularly entering the fifth surface PS22' exits from the second prism PR2' through the fifth surface PS22'.
[0178] In this way, since the optical path goes around once inside the first prism PR1, and the optical path further goes around once inside the second prism PR2', a longer optical path length may be realized without excessively increasing a size of the imaging apparatus 30. Further, since each of an incident angle to the first prism PR1 and an exit angle from the first prism PR1 is approximately 90 degrees, and each of an incident angle to the second prism PR2' and an exit angle from the second prism PR2' is also approximately 90 degrees, deterioration of optical performance at both the entrance surface and the exit surface may be suppressed.
[0179] Following will descibes the optical performance of the imaging apparatus 30 according to the third embodiment with reference to FIG. 17 to FIG. 21.
[0180] Fig. 17 shows Table 5 indicating a configuration example of optical elements in the imaging apparatus 30 according to the third embodiment of this disclosure. Fig. 18 shows Table 6 indicating an example of lens parameters in the imaging apparatus 30 according to the third embodiment of this disclosure.
[0181] Table 5 shows examples of parameters for each element in the imaging apparatus 30. Also, Table 5 shows a radius of curvature (Radius) of each of an object-side curved surface S1 and an image-side curved surface S2, a thickness (Thickness) of each curved surface for the lenses L1, L2 and L3, a refractive index (Nd) for d-line of the lens L1, and Abbe number (νd) of the lens L1. For the first prism PR1, Table 5 shows a tilt angle (Tilt) of each surface with respect to the first surface PS11, the refractive index (Nd) for d-line, and Abbe number (νd) . "Inf. " written in the "Radius" column of Table 5 indicates that each corresponding surface is flat. "Enter" represents a surface through which light enters the first prism PR1 from the outside, and "Exit" represents a surface through which light exits from the first prism PR1. Table 5 further shows a refractive index (Nd) for d-line and Abbe number (νd) of the optical filter FL. Table 6 shows Conic constants and high-order aspheric coefficients from the 4th to the 16th orders for lenses L1, L2 and L3.
[0182] Following will describe optical characteristics of the imaging apparatus 30 with reference to FIG. 19 to FIG. 21. FIG. 19 to FIG. 21 show calculation results of the optical characteristics of the imaging apparatus 30 using an example set of parameters shown in Tables 5 and 6.
[0183] Fig. 19 shows a spherical aberration characteristic of an entire optical system in the imaging apparatus 30 according to the third embodiment of this disclosure. Specifically, FIG. 19 shows spherical aberration curves for d-line, C-line and F-line in the case that F-value is 3.01. Referring to spherical aberration curves shown in FIG. 19, it may be understood that the imaging apparatus 30 according to the third embodiment has the favorable optical characteristic with respect to spherical aberration.
[0184] Fig. 20 shows an astigmatism characteristic of the entire optical system in the imaging apparatus 30 according to the third embodiment of this disclosure. Specifically, FIG. 20 shows astigmatism curves in a sagittal plane (X) and a meridional (or tangential) plane (Y) . Referring to the astigmatism curves shown in FIG. 20, it may be understood that the imaging apparatus 30 according to the third embodiment has the favorable optical characteristic with respect to astigmatism.
[0185] Fig. 21 shows a distortion characteristic of the entire optical system in the imaging apparatus 30 according to the third embodiment of this disclosure. Referring to a distortion aberration curve shown in FIG. 21, it may be understood that the imaging apparatus 30 according to the third embodiment has the favorable optical characteristic with respect to distortion. From the results shown in FIG. 19 to FIG. 21, it may be understood that a high quality image may be obtained by the imaging apparatus 30 according to the third embodiment.
[0186] As described above, the third embodiment can provide the imaging apparatus 30 having the compact optical system with the long optical path length and high optical performance.
[0187] During specific implementation of the imaging apparatus 30, the following designs are applicable to the imaging apparatus 30.
[0188] In some designs of the third embodiment, an optical path length OPL from a lens surface (S1 of the lens L1) located closest to the object side to a light receiving surface of the image sensor IMG may meet the following condition: W / OPL ≤ 0.5, where W indicates a width of the imaging apparatus 30 in the optical axis direction AX1. In this example, since the size of the imaging apparatus 30 in the optical axis direction of the first lens group LG1 is small, it is easy to mount the imaging apparatus 30 on a thin electronic device such as a smartphone or a tablet.
[0189] In some designs of the third embodiment, a field of view FOV of the entire optical system in the imaging apparatus 30 may meet the following condition: FOV ≤ 40 degrees. In this example, the effect of reducing the size of the imaging apparatus 30 becomes significant.
[0190] In some designs of the third embodiment, a focal length FL1 of the first lens group LG1 may meet the following condition: 0.5 ≤ FL1 / EFL ≤ 0.9, where EFL indicates a focal length of an entire optical system in the imaging apparatus 30. In this example, overcorrection and undercorrection of spherical aberration may be suppressed, and occurrence of coma aberration and curvature of field may also be suppressed.
[0191] Optionally, the imaging apparatus 30 described above may implement an image stabilization mechanism. Following will describe an implementation example of the image stabilization mechanism.
[0192] In some designs of the third embodiment, the imaging apparatus 30 may further include a first moving member configured to move the first lens group LG1 in directions perpendicular to the optical axis direction AX1 of the first lens group LG1 for image stabilization. For a specific example of configuration of the first moving member, refer to corresponding description of the first embodiment. This is not described herein again.
[0193] Alternatively, in some other designs of the third embodiment, the imaging apparatus 30 may further include a second moving member configured to move the image sensor IMG in directions parallel to a light receiving surface of the image sensor IMG for image stabilization. For a specific example of configuration of the second moving member, refer to corresponding description of the first embodiment. This is not described herein again.
[0194] Optionally, the imaging apparatus 30 described above may implement a focusing mechanism. Following will describe an implementation example of the focusing mechanism.
[0195] In some designs of the third embodiment, the imaging apparatus 30 further may include a third moving member configured to move at least one lens in the first lens group LG1 along the optical axis direction AX1 of the first lens group LG1 for focusing. For a specific example of configuration of the third moving member, refer to corresponding description of the first embodiment. This is not described herein again.
[0196] Alternatively, in some other designs of the third embodiment, the imaging apparatus 30 may further include a fourth moving member configured to move at least one lens in the second lens group LG2 along the optical axis direction AX2" of the second lens group LG2 for focusing. For a specific example of configuration of the fourth moving member, refer to corresponding description of the first embodiment. This is not described herein again.
[0197] Alternatively, in some other designs of the third embodiment, the imaging apparatus 30 may further include a fifth moving member configured to move the image sensor IMG along the optical axis direction AX2" of the second lens group LG2 for focusing. For a specific example of configuration of the fifth moving member, refer to corresponding description of the first embodiment. This is not described herein again.
[0198] As described above, during implementation of the imaging apparatus 30 according to the third embodiment, various designs may be applied thereto. A specific implementation is not limited in this disclosure.
[0199] FOURTH EMBODIMENT
[0200] Following describes an imaging apparatus 40 according to a fourth embodiment of this disclosure, with reference to Figs. 22 to 28.
[0201] Fig. 22 is a schematic structural diagram of the imaging apparatus 40 according to a fourth embodiment of this disclosure.
[0202] As shown in Fig. 22, an imaging apparatus 40 includes: a first lens group L1 located on an object side, a first prism PR1' having a plurality of flat surfaces, a second prism PR2" having a plurality of flat surfaces, a second lens group LG2 located on an image side, and an image sensor IMG. The first lens group LG1 has positive dioptric power, and the second lens group LG2 has negative dioptric power. The lens groups LG1 and LG2, the optical filter FL and the image sensor IMG in the fourth embodiment may be or may not be the same as the lens groups LG1 and LG2, the optical filter FL and the image sensor IMG in any of the first to third embodiments, respectively. A profiles of the first prism in the fourth embodiment is different from a profile of the first prism in any of the first to third embodiments. A profile of the second prism in the fourth embodiment may be or may not be the same as a profile of the second prism in the second or third embodiment.
[0203] The first lens group LG1 includes a lens L1. Optionally, the first lens group LG1 may further include one or more other lenses. The second lens group LG2 includes a lens L2 and a lens L3. Optionally, the second lens group LG2 may further include one or more other lenses, or the lens L2 or the lens L3 may be omitted. The first prism PR1' has a refractive index Nd1 for d-line. The second prism PR2" has a refractive index Nd2 for d-line.
[0204] In FIG. 22, an optical axis direction AX1 of the first lens group LG1, an optical axis direction AX2" of the second lens group LG2, and a plurality of optical paths P0, P1, P2, P3, and P4 are shown as examples. The optical path P0 indicates an optical path of light (herein referred to as "reference light" ) that enters the first prism PR1' along the optical axis of the first lens group LG1. R indicates a size of an optical effective range R (that is, an effective diameter) of the lens L1.
[0205] It may be understood from FIG. 22 that the optical paths within the optical effective range R pass through the first lens group LG1 and then enter the first prism PR1', and the optical paths are bent twice in the first prism PR1' and then enter the second prism PR2". After entering the second prism PR2", the optical paths are further bent three times in the second prism PR2" and then enter the second lens group LG2. Further, the optical paths pass through the second lens group LG2 and the optical filter FL sequentially, and reach a light receiving surface of the image sensor IMG. In this way, in the imaging apparatus 40 of the fourth embodiment, each of the optical paths is bent five times inside the first and second prisms. This makes it possible to realize a longer optical path length than conventional bending optical systems.
[0206] Following will describe surface configuration of the first prism PR1' and the second prism PR2" with reference to FIG. 23. Fig. 23 is a schematic diagram for describing configuration of flat surfaces of prisms PR1' and PR2" in the imaging apparatus 40 according to the fourth embodiment of this disclosure.
[0207] First, the surface configuration of the first prism PR1' will be explained. The plurality of flat surfaces of the first prism PR1' includes: a first surface PS11' perpendicular to an optical axis direction AX1 of the first lens group LG1, where light after passing through the first lens group LG1 enters the first prism PR1' through the first surface PS11'; a second surface PS12' configured to reflect light after passing through the first surface PS11', where the second surface PS12' is tilted at a first angle with respect to the first surface PS11'; a third surface PS13' configured to reflect light after being reflected by the second surface PS12', where the third surface PS13' is tilted at a second angle with respect to the first surface PS11'.
[0208] Light that has passed through the first lens group LG1 is perpendicularly incident on the first surface PS11', and then enters the first prism PR1' through the first surface PS11'. After passing through the first surface PS11', the light is incident on the second surface PS12'. The second surface PS12' totally reflects this incident light. After being totally reflected by the second surface PS12', the light enters the third surface PS13'. A reflective coating is applied to the third surface PS13', so that light incident on the third surface PS13' is reflected by the third surface PS13'. After being reflected by the third surface PS13', the light enters the second surface PS12' perpendicularly. Light perpendicularly entering the second surface PS12' passes through the second surface PS12'. After passing through the second surface PS12', only light passing within an opening of the light shielding member SH' may enter the second prism PR2". A size SS of the opening of the light shielding member SH' may meet the following condition: 20%≤SS / S1 ≤ 60%, where S1 indicates the size R of the optical effective range of the lens L1 in the first lens group LG1 located closest to the object side.
[0209] Following will describe the relationship between the first surface PS11', the second surface PS12', and the third surface PS13'. Here, an inclination angle (that is, the first angle) of the second surface PS12' with respect to the first surface PS11' is denoted as A12', and an inclination angle (that is, the second angle) of the third surface PS13' with respect to the first surface PS11' is denoted as A13'. Further, an inclination angle of the third surface PS13' with respect to the second surface PS12' is denoted as A23'. Further, an angle formed by the second surface PS12' and a propagation direction of the reference light just after passsing through the first surface PS11' is denoted as a1', and an angle formed by the third surface PS13' and a propagation direction of the reference light just after being reflected by the second surface PS12' is denoted as a3'.
[0210] The propagation direction (corresponding to the direction AX1) of the reference light incident on the first prism PR1' is perpendicular to the first surface PS11', and the propagation direction of the reference light exiting from the first prism PR1' is perpendicular to the second surface PS12'. Further, an incident angle of light on each reflection surface is the same as an angle of reflection of the light thereon. Under these conditions, A12'= 90 -a1' (deg. ) , a3'= 45 +a1' / 2 (deg. ) , A23'= 90 -a3' (deg. ) , and A13'= 180 - (A12'+ A23') . The angle a1' is configured so that the reference light incident on the second surface PS12' at the angle a1' is totally reflected by the second surface PS12'. The first angle A12' and the angle a3' may be determined based on the angle a1', and the angle A23' may be determined based on the angle a3'. Further, the second angle A13' may be determined based on the angle A23'.
[0211] For example, in the case that the refractive index Nd1 of the first prism PR1' satisfies Nd1≧1.6, when the angle a1' is approximately 45 degrees, the reference light incident on the second surface PS12' at the angle a1' is totally reflected by the second surface PS12'. In this case, the first angle A12' is approximately 45 degrees, and the second angle A13' is approximately 112.5 degrees (that is, the inclination angle of the third surface PS13' with respect to the optical axis direction AX1 is approximately 22.5 degrees) .
[0212] In other words, the first angle A12' and the second angle A13' are configured to meet the following conditions: (i) the second surface PS11' totally reflects reference light propagating along the optical axis direction AX1 of the first lens group LG1; and (ii) the reference light after being reflected by successively the second surface PS12' and the third surface PS13' enters the second surface PS12' perpendicularly.
[0213] Next, the surface configuration of the second prism PR2" will be explained. The plurality of flat surfaces of the second prism PR2" includes: a fourth surface PS21" facing the second surface PS12' of the first prism PR1', where the fourth surface PS21" is parallel to the second surface PS12' of the first prism PR1'; a fifth surface PS22" configured to reflect light after passing through the fourth surface PS21", where the fifth surface PS22" is tilted at a third angle with respect to the fourth surface PS21"; and a sixth surface PS23" configured to reflect light after being reflected by the fifth surface PS22", where the sixth surface PS23" is tilted at a fourth angle with respect to the fourth surface PS22".
[0214] Light that has passed through the second surface PS12' of the first prism PR1' travels toward the fourth surface PS21" of the second prism PR2" through the opening of the light shielding member SH', and the light is perpendicularly incident on the fourth surface PS21". Light incident on the fourth surface PS21" enters the second prism PR2" through the fourth surface PS21". After passing through the fourth surface PS21", the light is incident on the fifth surface PS22". The fifth surface PS22" totally reflects this incident light. After being reflected by the fifth surface PS22", the light enters the sixth surface PS23". A reflective coating is applied to the sixth surface PS23", so that light incident on the sixth surface PS23" is reflected by the sixth surface PS23". After being reflected by the sixth surface PS23", the light is incident on the fourth surface PS21". The fourth surface PS21" totally reflects this incident light. After being reflected by the fourth surface PS21", the light enters the fifth surface PS22" perpendicularly. Light perpendicularly entering the fifth surface PS22" passes through the fifth surface PS22" and enters the second lens group LG2. After entering the second lens group LG2, the light passes through the second lens group LG2 and the optical filter FL sequentially, and then reaches the light receiving surface of the image sensor IMG.
[0215] Following will describe the relationship between the fourth surface PS21", the fifth surface PS22", and the sixth surface PS23". Here, an inclination angle (that is, the third angle) of the fifth surface PS22" with respect to the fourth surface PS21" is denoted as A45", and an inclination angle (that is, the fourth angle) of the sixth surface PS23" with respect to the fourth surface PS21" is denoted as A46". Further, an inclination angle of the sixth surface PS23" with respect to the fifth surface PS22" is denoted as A56". Further, an angle formed by the fifth surface PS22" and a propagation direction of the reference light just after passsing through the fourth surface PS21" is denoted as b1", and an angle formed by the fourth surface PS21" and a propagation direction of the reference light just after being reflected by the sixth surface PS23" is denoted as b2".
[0216] The propagation direction of the reference light incident on the second prism PR2" is perpendicular to the fourth surface PS21", and the propagation direction (corresponding to the direction AX2") of the reference light exiting from the second prism PR2" is perpendicular to the fifth surface PS22". Further, an incident angle of light on each reflection surface is the same as an angle of reflection of the light thereon. Under these conditions, A45"= 90 -b1" (deg. ) , b1"= b2", A46"= 90 -A45" / 2 (deg. ) , and A56"= A46". The angle b1" is configured so that the reference light incident on the fifth surface PS22" at the angle b1" is totally reflected by the fifth surface PS22". The third angle A45" may be determined based on the angle b1". Further, the fourth angle A46" may be determined based on the third angle A45".
[0217] For example, in the case that the refractive index Nd2 of the second prism PR2" satisfies Nd2≧1.6, when the angle b1" is approximately 45 degrees, the reference light incident on the fifth surface PS22" at the angle b1" is totally reflected by the fifth surface PS22", and the reference light incident on the fourth surface PS21" at the angle b2" is totally reflected by the fourth surface PS21". In this case, the third angle A45" is approximately 45 degrees, and the fourth angle A46" is approximately 67.5 degrees (that is, the inclination angle of the sixth surface PS23" with respect to the propagation direction of the reference light incident on the fourth surface PS21" is approximately 22.5 degrees) .
[0218] In other words, the third angle A45" and the fourth angle A46" are configured to meet the following conditions: (iii) the fifth surface PS22" totally reflects the reference light after passing through the second surface PS12' and the fourth surface PS21"; and (iv) the reference light after being reflected by successively the fifth surface PS22" and the sixth surface PS23" is totally reflected by the fourth surface PS21", and then the reference light after being reflected by the fourth surface PS21" enters the fifth surface PS22" perpendicularly.
[0219] As described above, in the imaging apparatus 40 of the fourth embodiment, light that has passed through the first lens group LG1 is perpendicularly incident on the first surface PS11' of the first prism PR1', and then enters the first prism PR1' through the first surface PS11'. In the first prism PR1', after passing through the first surface PS11', the light is reflected by the second surface PS12' and the third surface PS13' sequentially. After being reflected by the third surface PS13', the light enters the second surface PS12' perpendicularly. The light perpendicularly entering the second surface PS12' exits from the first prism PR1' through the second surface PS12'.
[0220] Furthermore, light that has exited from the first prism PR1' and has passed through the opening of the light shielding member SH' is perpendicularly incident on the fourth surface PS21" of the second prism PR2", and then enters the second prism PR2" through the fourth surface PS21". In the second prism PR2", after passing through the fourth surface PS21", the light is reflected by the fifth surface PS22" and the sixth surface PS23" sequentially. After being reflected by the sixth surface PS23", the light is further reflected by the fourth surface PS21", and then enters the fifth surface PS22" perpendicularly. Light perpendicularly entering the fifth surface PS22" exits from the second prism PR2" through the fifth surface PS22".
[0221] In this way, since the optical path is bent twice in the first prism PR1', and the optical path further goes around once inside the second prism PR2", a longer optical path length may be realized without excessively increasing a size of the imaging apparatus 40. Further, since each of an incident angle to the first prism PR1' and an exit angle from the first prism PR1' is approximately 90 degrees, and each of an incident angle to the second prism PR2" and an exit angle from the second prism PR2" is also approximately 90 degrees, deterioration of optical performance at both the entrance surface and the exit surface may be suppressed.
[0222] Following will descibes the optical performance of the imaging apparatus 40 according to the fourth embodiment with reference to FIG. 24 to FIG. 28.
[0223] Fig. 24 shows Table 7 indicating a configuration example of optical elements in the imaging apparatus 40 according to the fourth embodiment of this disclosure. Fig. 25 shows Table 8 indicating an example of lens parameters in the imaging apparatus 40 according to the fourth embodiment of this disclosure.
[0224] Table 7 shows examples of parameters for each element in the imaging apparatus 40. Also, Table 7 shows a radius of curvature (Radius) of each of an object-side curved surface S1 and an image-side curved surface S2, a thickness (Thickness) of each curved surface for the lenses L1, L2 and L3, a refractive index (Nd) for d-line of the lens L1, and Abbe number (νd) of the lens L1. For the first prism PR1', Table 7 shows a tilt angle (Tilt) of each surface with respect to the first surface PS11', the refractive index (Nd) for d-line, and Abbe number (νd) . "Inf. " written in the "Radius" column of Table 7 indicates that each corresponding surface is flat. "Enter" represents a surface through which light enters the first prism PR1' from the outside, and "Exit" represents a surface through which light exits from the first prism PR1'. Table 7 further shows a refractive index (Nd) for d-line and Abbe number (νd) of the optical filter FL. Table 8 shows Conic constants and high-order aspheric coefficients from the 4th to the 16th orders for lenses L1, L2 and L3.
[0225] Following will describe optical characteristics of the imaging apparatus 40 with reference to FIG. 26 to FIG. 28. FIG. 26 to FIG. 28 show calculation results of the optical characteristics of the imaging apparatus 40 using an example set of parameters shown in Tables 7 and 8.
[0226] Fig. 26 shows a spherical aberration characteristic of an entire optical system in the imaging apparatus according to the fourth embodiment of this disclosure. Specifically, FIG. 26 shows spherical aberration curves for d-line, C-line and F-line in the case that F-value is 2.78. Referring to spherical aberration curves shown in FIG. 26, it may be understood that the imaging apparatus 40 according to the fourth embodiment has the favorable optical characteristic with respect to spherical aberration.
[0227] Fig. 27 shows an astigmatism characteristic of the entire optical system in the imaging apparatus according to the fourth embodiment of this disclosure. Specifically, FIG. 27 shows astigmatism curves in a sagittal plane (X) and a meridional (or tangential) plane (Y) . Referring to the astigmatism curves shown in FIG. 27, it may be understood that the imaging apparatus 40 according to the fourth embodiment has the favorable optical characteristic with respect to astigmatism.
[0228] Fig. 28 shows a distortion characteristic of the entire optical system in the imaging apparatus according to the fourth embodiment of this disclosure. Referring to a distortion aberration curve shown in FIG. 28, it may be understood that the imaging apparatus 40 according to the fourth embodiment has the favorable optical characteristic with respect to distortion. From the results shown in FIG. 26 to FIG. 28, it may be understood that a high quality image may be obtained by the imaging apparatus 40 according to the fourth embodiment.
[0229] As described above, the fourth embodiment can provide the imaging apparatus 40 having the compact optical system with the long optical path length and high optical performance.
[0230] During specific implementation of the imaging apparatus 40, the following designs are applicable to the imaging apparatus 40.
[0231] In some designs of the fourth embodiment, an optical path length OPL from a lens surface (S1 of the lens L1) located closest to the object side to a light receiving surface of the image sensor IMG may meet the following condition: W / OPL ≤ 0.5, where W indicates a width of the imaging apparatus 40 in the optical axis direction AX1. In this example, since the size of the imaging apparatus 40 in the optical axis direction of the first lens group LG1 is small, it is easy to mount the imaging apparatus 40 on a thin electronic device such as a smartphone or a tablet.
[0232] In some designs of the fourth embodiment, a field of view FOV of the entire optical system in the imaging apparatus 40 may meet the following condition: FOV ≤ 40 degrees. In this example, the effect of reducing the size of the imaging apparatus 40 becomes significant.
[0233] In some designs of the fourth embodiment, a focal length FL1 of the first lens group LG1 may meet the following condition: 0.5 ≤ FL1 / EFL ≤ 0.9, where EFL indicates a focal length of an entire optical system in the imaging apparatus 40. In this example, overcorrection and undercorrection of spherical aberration may be suppressed, and occurrence of coma aberration and curvature of field may also be suppressed.
[0234] Optionally, the imaging apparatus 40 described above may implement an image stabilization mechanism. Following will describe an implementation example of the image stabilization mechanism.
[0235] In some designs of the fourth embodiment, the imaging apparatus 40 may further include a first moving member configured to move the first lens group LG1 in directions perpendicular to the optical axis direction AX1 of the first lens group LG1 for image stabilization. For a specific example of configuration of the first moving member, refer to corresponding description of the first embodiment. This is not described herein again.
[0236] Alternatively, in some other designs of the fourth embodiment, the imaging apparatus 40 may further include a second moving member configured to move the image sensor IMG in directions parallel to a light receiving surface of the image sensor IMG for image stabilization. For a specific example of configuration of the second moving member, refer to corresponding description of the first embodiment. This is not described herein again.
[0237] Optionally, the imaging apparatus 40 described above may implement a focusing mechanism. Following will describe an implementation example of the focusing mechanism.
[0238] In some designs of the fourth embodiment, the imaging apparatus 40 further may include a third moving member configured to move at least one lens in the first lens group LG1 along the optical axis direction AX1 of the first lens group LG1 for focusing. For a specific example of configuration of the third moving member, refer to corresponding description of the first embodiment. This is not described herein again.
[0239] Alternatively, in some other designs of the fourth embodiment, the imaging apparatus 40 may further include a fourth moving member configured to move at least one lens in the second lens group LG2 along the optical axis direction AX2" of the second lens group LG2 for focusing. For a specific example of configuration of the fourth moving member, refer to corresponding description of the first embodiment. This is not described herein again.
[0240] Alternatively, in some other designs of the fourth embodiment, the imaging apparatus 40 may further include a fifth moving member configured to move the image sensor IMG along the optical axis direction AX2" of the second lens group LG2 for focusing. For a specific example of configuration of the fifth moving member, refer to corresponding description of the first embodiment. This is not described herein again.
[0241] As described above, during implementation of the imaging apparatus 40 according to the fourth embodiment, various designs may be applied thereto. A specific implementation is not limited in this disclosure.
[0242] CONFIGURATION OF ELECTRONIC DEVICE
[0243] Following describes an electronic device 100 according to this disclosure, with reference to Fig. 29. Fig. 29 is a schematic structural diagram of the electronic device 100 according to this disclosure. It should be noted that the electronic device 100 may be applied to any one of the first to fourth embodiments described above.
[0244] As shown in FIG. 29, the electronic device 100 includes an imaging apparatus 101, signal processing circuitry 102, a processor 103 and a memory 104. The imaging apparatus 101 includes an optical system and an image sensor, and corresponds to any one of the imaging apparatuses 10, 20, 30 and 40 described above. The electronic device 100 may be a smartphone, a tablet, a cellular phone, a smart watch, a wearable device, a portable game console, an in-vehicle device, an in-vehicle camera, a personal computer, a digital still camera, a digital video camera, a surveillance camera, a smart home appliance, or the like. This is not limited in this disclosure.
[0245] The signal processing circuitry 102 performs signal processing on signals output from the image sensor of the imaging apparatus 101. For example, the signal processing circuitry 102 may generate image data by performing processing such as AD conversion (analog to digital conversion) and image quality adjustment. The image quality adjustment may include at least one of brightness adjustment, white balance adjustment, sharpness adjustment, contrast adjustment, or the like. This is not limited in this disclosure.
[0246] The processor 103 may be an integrated circuitry chip, and has a signal processing capability. In an implementation process, steps such as processing image data from the signal processing circuitryry 102, encoding or decoding processing and / or storing the processed data into the memory 104 can be implemented by using a hardware integrated logical circuitry in the processor 103 or by using instructions in a form of software.
[0247] The processor 103 may be a general purpose processor, a digital signal processor (DSP) , an application specific integrated circuitry (ASIC) , a field programmable gate array (FPGA) or another programmable logic device, a discrete gate or a transistor logic device, or a discrete hardware component. The general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor, or the processor 103 may be any conventional processor or the like. Some steps may be directly executed and accomplished by using a hardware coding processor, or may be executed and accomplished by using a combination of hardware and software modules in the coding processor. A software module may be located in a mature storage medium in the art, such as a random access memory, a flash memory, a read-only memory, a programmable read-only memory, an electrically erasable programmable memory, or a register. The storage medium is located in the memory 104, and the processor 103 reads information in the memory 104 and completes the steps in combination with hardware of the processor 103.
[0248] The memory 104 may be a volatile memory or a nonvolatile memory, or may include a volatile memory and a nonvolatile memory. The nonvolatile memory may be a read-only memory (read-only memory, ROM) , a programmable read-only memory (programmable ROM, PROM) , an erasable programmable read-only memory (erasable PROM, EPROM) , an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (electrically EPROM, EEPROM) , or a flash memory. The volatile memory may be a random access memory (random access memory, RAM) , used as an external cache. Through example but not limitative description, many forms of RAMs may be used, for example, a static random access memory (static RAM, SRAM) , a dynamic random access memory (dynamic RAM, DRAM) , a synchronous dynamic random access memory (synchronous DRAM, SDRAM) , a double data rate synchronous dynamic random access memory (double data rate SDRAM, DDR SDRAM) , an enhanced synchronous dynamic random access memory (enhanced SDRAM, ESDRAM) , a synchronous link dynamic random access memory (synchlink DRAM, SLDRAM) , and a direct rambus dynamic random access memory (direct rambus RAM, DR RAM) . It should be noted that the memory 104 may include but is not limited to these and any memory of another proper type.
[0249] In the embodiments provided in this disclosure, it should be noted that the disclosed components may be implemented in other manners. For example, a plurality of components may be combined or integrated into another unit or module, or some features may be ignored. Some or all of the components may be selected based on actual requirements to achieve objectives of solutions of the embodiments. In addition, each of the components may exist alone physically, or two or more components are physically integrated into one unit or module.
[0250] The foregoing are merely specific implementations of this disclosure, but are not intended to limit a protection scope of this disclosure. Any variation or replacement readily figured out by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this disclosure shall fall within the protection scope of this disclosure. Hence, the protection scope of this disclosure shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims
1.An imaging apparatus comprising: a first lens group located on an object side, a first prism having a plurality of flat surfaces, a second lens group located on an image side, and an image sensor, wherein the plurality of flat surfaces of the first prism comprises:a first surface perpendicular to an optical axis of the first lens group, wherein light after passing through the first lens group enters the first prism through the first surface;a second surface configured to reflect light after passing through the first surface, wherein the second surface is tilted at a first angle with respect to the first surface;a third surface configured to reflect light after being reflected by the second surface, wherein the third surface is tilted at a second angle with respect to the first surface;wherein the first angle and the second angle are configured to meet the following conditions: (i) the second surface totally reflects reference light propagating along the optical axis of the first lens group; and (ii) the reference light after being reflected by successively the second surface and the third surface is totally reflected by the first surface, and then the reference light after being reflected by the first surface enters the second surface perpendicularly.2.The imaging apparatus according to claim 1, wherein light after passing through the second surface enters the second lens group, and then light after passing through the second lens group enters the image sensor.3.The imaging apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising: a second prism having a plurality of flat surfaces, wherein the plurality of flat surfaces of the second prism comprises:a fourth surface facing the second surface of the first prism, wherein the fourth surface is parallel to the second surface of the first prism;a fifth surface configured to reflect light after passing through the fourth surface, wherein the fifth surface is tilted at a third angle with respect to the fourth surface;a sixth surface configured to reflect light after being reflected by the fifth surface, wherein the sixth surface is tilted at a fourth angle with respect to the fourth surface;wherein the third angle and the fourth angle are configured to meet the following conditions: (iii) the fifth surface totally reflects the reference light after passing through the second surface and the fourth surface; and (iv) the reference light after being reflected by successively the fifth surface and the sixth surface is totally reflected by the fourth surface, and then the reference light after being reflected by the fourth surface enters the fifth surface perpendicularly.4.The imaging apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the fifth surface is parallel to the optical axis of the first lens group, and light after passing through the fifth surface enters the second lens group, and then light after passing through the second lens group enters the image sensor.5.The imaging apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the fifth surface is perpendicular to the optical axis of the first lens group, and light after passing through the fifth surface enters the second lens group, and then light after passing through the second lens group enters the image sensor.6.The imaging apparatus according to claim 3, further comprising: a light shielding member arranged between the second surface of the first prism and the fourth surface of the second prism, wherein the light shielding member has an opening, and a size SS of the opening meets the following condition: 20%≤ SS / S1 ≤ 60%, wherein S1 indicates a size of an optical effective range of a lens in the first lens group located closest to the object side.7.The imaging apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the first angle is 45 degrees, and a refractive index Nd1 of the first prism meets the following condition: Nd1 ≥ 1.6.8.The imaging apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the third angle is 45 degrees, and a refractive index Nd2 of the second prism meets the following condition: Nd2 ≥ 1.6.9.The imaging apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a field of view FOV of an entire optical system in the imaging apparatus meets the following condition: FOV ≤ 40 degrees.10.The imaging apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a focal length FL1 of the first lens group meets the following condition: 0.5 ≤ FL1 / EFL ≤ 0.9, wherein EFL indicates a focal length of an entire optical system in the imaging apparatus.11.The imaging apparatus according to claim 1, wherein an optical path length OPL from a lens surface located closest to the object side to a light receiving surface of the image sensor meets the following condition: W / OPL ≤ 0.5, wherein W indicates a width of the imaging apparatus in a direction of the optical axis.12.The imaging apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising: a first moving member configured to move the first lens group in directions perpendicular to the optical axis of the first lens group for image stabilization.13.The imaging apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising: a second moving member configured to move the image sensor in directions parallel to a light receiving surface of the image sensor for image stabilization.14.The imaging apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising: a third moving member configured to move at least one lens in the first lens group along the optical axis of the first lens group for focusing.15.The imaging apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising: a fourth moving member configured to move at least one lens in the second lens group along an optical axis of the second lens group for focusing.16.The imaging apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising: a fifth moving member configured to move the image sensor along an optical axis of the second lens group for focusing.17.An imaging apparatus comprising: a first lens group located on an object side, a first prism having a plurality of flat surfaces, a second prism having a plurality of flat surfaces, a second lens group located on an image side, and an image sensor, wherein the first lens group has positive dioptric power, and the second lens group has negative dioptric power;wherein the plurality of flat surfaces of the first prism comprises:a first surface perpendicular to an optical axis of the first lens group, wherein light after passing through the first lens group enters the first prism through the first surface;a second surface configured to reflect light after passing through the first surface, wherein the second surface is tilted at a first angle with respect to the first surface;a third surface configured to reflect light after being reflected by the second surface, wherein the third surface is tilted at a second angle with respect to the first surface;wherein the first angle and the second angle are configured to meet the following conditions: (i) the second surface totally reflects reference light propagating along the optical axis of the first lens group; and (ii) the reference light after being reflected by successively the second surface and the third surface enters the second surface perpendicularly;wherein the plurality of flat surfaces of the second prism comprises:a fourth surface facing the second surface of the first prism, wherein the fourth surface is parallel to the second surface of the first prism;a fifth surface configured to reflect light after passing through the fourth surface, wherein the fifth surface is tilted at a third angle with respect to the fourth surface;a sixth surface configured to reflect light after being reflected by the fifth surface, wherein the sixth surface is tilted at a fourth angle with respect to the fourth surface; andwherein the third angle and the fourth angle are configured to meet the following conditions: (iii) the fifth surface totally reflects the reference light after passing through the second surface and the fourth surface; and (iv) the reference light after being reflected by successively the fifth surface and the sixth surface is totally reflected by the fourth surface, and then the reference light after being reflected by the fourth surface enters the fifth surface perpendicularly.18.An electronic device comprising: a processor, and the imaging apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 17, wherein the processor is configured to use the imaging apparatus to implement an image capturing function of the electronic device.
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