On-board electrical system for a vehicle, vehicle, method for controlling an on-board electrical system, computer program product, computer-readable medium, and data carrier signal

Description

[0001] Vehicle electrical system, vehicle, method for controlling a vehicle electrical system, computer program product, computer-readable medium and data carrier signal

[0002] The present invention relates to an on-board network for a vehicle, a vehicle with such an on-board network, a method for controlling an on-board network, a computer program product, a computer-readable medium and a data carrier signal.

[0003] A vehicle, e.g., a passenger car, may have an on-board electrical system for supplying power and / or communicating data between the vehicle's electrical components. Due to the increasing number of highly available functions (e.g., autonomous driving, X-by-wire, etc.), the number of supply paths with ASIL (Automotive Safety Integrity Level) requirements, including the resulting safeguarding effort, may also increase.

[0004] The object of the present invention is to at least partially remedy the disadvantages described above. In particular, the object of the present invention is to provide an on-board electrical system for a vehicle, or a vehicle in which the on-board electrical system is designed to be particularly simple and / or cost-effective and / or secure. Furthermore, the object of the invention is to provide a method for controlling the on-board electrical system, by means of which the on-board electrical system, in particular a safety-relevant function such as a steering system, is particularly advantageously protected.

[0005] The above object is achieved by an on-board network with the features of claim 1, a vehicle with the features of claim 11, a method with the features of claim 12 and a computer program product and a computer-readable medium and a data carrier signal with the features of claim 15, 16 and 17, respectively. Further features and details of the invention emerge from the subclaims, the description and the drawings. Features and details that are described in connection with the on-board network according to the invention naturally also apply in connection with the method according to the invention and / or the vehicle and / or the computer program product and / or the computer-readable medium and / or the data carrier signal and vice versa, so that with regard to the disclosure of the individual aspects of the invention, reference is or can always be made reciprocal.According to a first aspect, the present invention shows an on-board electrical system for a vehicle, wherein the on-board electrical system has an electrical energy supply. Furthermore, the on-board electrical system comprises at least one first electrical energy component, wherein the at least one first electrical energy component has a load section and a logic section for controlling the load section. Furthermore, the on-board electrical system comprises a first current path, wherein the electrical energy supply is electrically connected via the first current path to the load section of the at least one first electrical energy component for supplying energy to the load section, and wherein a first overcurrent protection device is arranged, in particular electrically arranged, in the first current path.The on-board electrical system further comprises a second current path, wherein the electrical energy supply is electrically connected via the second current path at least to the logic section of the at least one first electrical energy component for supplying energy to the logic section, and wherein a switching unit of a second overcurrent protection device of the on-board electrical system is arranged, in particular electrically arranged, in the second current path, wherein the switching unit of the second overcurrent protection device can be transferred between a closed state and an open state. The on-board electrical system further comprises a control device, wherein the control device is configured to transfer at least the switching unit of the second overcurrent protection device between the closed state and the open state.Furthermore, the logic section of the at least one first electrical energy component is configured to detect, in particular to detect independently, that the switching unit of the second overcurrent protection device is in the open state (and / or is transferred to the open state) and, in response thereto, to transfer the at least one first electrical energy component, in particular at least the load section and / or the logic section of the first electrical energy component, into a defined safe state (of the first electrical energy component), in particular to protect the vehicle electrical system.

[0006] The electrical energy supply can, for example, have or be at least one battery or a plurality of batteries. The electrical energy supply can furthermore, for example, have a plurality of electrical energy supply units, in particular a plurality of mutually independent electrical energy supply units, for providing a respective electrical voltage or for providing a respective electrical potential for the load section of the at least one first electrical energy component and / or for the logic section of the at least one first electrical energy component. In particular, the load section of the at least one first electrical energy component and the logic section of the at least one first electrical energy component can be provided with the same or different electrical voltages or electrical potentials by means of the electrical energy supply. For example,a voltage of 3.3 V(olt), 5 V or 12 V can be provided to the logic section of the at least one first electrical energy component and / or a voltage of 48 V(olt), 400 V or 800 V can be provided to the load section of the at least one first electrical energy component.

[0007] The at least one first electrical energy component can be an (electrical) consumer and / or electrical energy generator, for example, an electric drive motor of the vehicle's electrical system or the vehicle. In particular, the at least one first electrical energy component can be a separately manageable component.

[0008] The load section of the at least one first electrical energy component can be understood as the part of the first electrical energy component through which a load current flows to carry out a function of the at least one first electrical energy component and / or the logic section of the at least one first electrical energy component can be understood as the part of the first electrical energy component which monitors, in particular controls and / or regulates, the load section for carrying out the function of the at least one first electrical energy component. The load section of the at least one first electrical energy component can furthermore have at least one load-side switching arrangement with at least one switching element, e.g.a transistor, wherein the load-side switching arrangement can be transferred between a closed state and an open state, and wherein, in particular, in the open state of the load-side switching arrangement, the load current of the load section is interrupted ("zero current"). For example, in the defined safe state of the at least one first electrical energy component, the load-side switching arrangement is in a defined state, for example, the load-side switching arrangement is in the open state and the load current of the load section is thus interrupted.

[0009] Details and / or features and / or explanations and / or advantages of the at least one first electrical energy component of the vehicle electrical system can also be transferred to further electrical energy components, for example a second electrical energy component and / or respective electrical energy components of a plurality of electrical energy components, of the vehicle electrical system, and vice versa.

[0010] In particular, the first overcurrent protection device protects against overload and / or

[0011] Short circuit and / or protects the second overcurrent protection device against overload and / or short circuit. Furthermore, in particular the first current path between the first overcurrent protection device, in particular a fuse of the first overcurrent protection device or a switching unit of the first overcurrent protection device, and the load section of the at least one first electrical energy component is free of further overcurrent protection devices and / or in particular the second current path between the switching unit of the second overcurrent protection device and the logic section of the at least one first electrical energy component is free of further overcurrent protection devices.

[0012] In particular, the switching unit of the first overcurrent protection device is electrically conductive in the closed state and electrically insulating or substantially electrically insulating in the open state. The switching unit of the first overcurrent protection device can comprise (at least) one electronic switch or (at least) one semiconductor switch, for example a MOSFET, or can be (at least) one electronic switch or (at least) one semiconductor switch. Furthermore, in particular, the switching unit of the second overcurrent protection device is electrically conductive in the closed state and electrically insulating or substantially electrically insulating in the open state. The switching unit of the second overcurrent protection device can comprise (at least) one electronic switch or (at least) one semiconductor switch, for example (at least) one MOSFET, or can be (at least) one electronic switch or (at least) one semiconductor switch.

[0013] In particular, the first current path is only for power supply. In other words, the first current path is not for power supply to the logic section of the at least one first electrical energy component and / or data communication with the at least one first electrical energy component, i.e., it is data communication-free. Furthermore, the second current path is, in particular, for power supply to the logic section of the at least one first electrical energy component or for power supply to the logic section of the at least one first electrical energy component and data communication with the at least one first electrical energy component.

[0014] The control device of the vehicle electrical system can be understood as a (single) control unit of the vehicle electrical system or as a plurality or multiplicity of control units that are interconnected by communication technology. Furthermore, the control device of the vehicle electrical system can co-form the first overcurrent protection device, in particular in the form of an eFuse (electronic fuse), and / or the control device of the vehicle electrical system can co-form the second overcurrent protection device, in particular in the form of an eFuse (electronic fuse).

[0015] Because the logic section of the at least one first electrical energy component is configured or designed to detect that the switching unit of the second overcurrent protection device is in the open state or is being transferred to the open state and, in response thereto, to transfer the at least one first electrical energy component into the defined safe state, the on-board electrical system can be designed to be particularly safe and can be protected in a particularly advantageous manner. The expression “that the logic section of the at least one first electrical energy component is configured or designed to detect that the switching unit of the second overcurrent protection device is in the open state or is being transferred to the open state and, in response thereto, to transfer the at least one first electrical energy component into the defined safe state” is intended to express that the at least one first electrical energy component orthe logic section is configured by its design to detect an open state of the second overcurrent protection device or a transition to the open state at the logic section or to functionally react thereto and as a result to transfer the at least one first electrical energy component into the defined safe state (e.g. “zero current” in the load section). In particular, the logic section of the at least one first electrical energy component detects or the logic section of the at least one first electrical energy component reacts (independently) to the fact that the switching unit of the second overcurrent protection device is in the open state or has been transferred to the open state, based on an electrical state variable of the second current path and / or based on a change in an electrical state variable of the second current path, e.g. based on a change in an electrical voltage oran electrical potential at an “input” of the logic section of the at least one first electrical energy component.

[0016] In an on-board electrical system according to the invention, it can be advantageous for the first overcurrent protection device to have or be a fuse. Thus, (section-wise) overcurrent protection of the first current path can be implemented particularly simply and cost-effectively, in particular without ASI L requirements, and furthermore, feedback currents from the load section of the at least one first electrical energy component can flow (without effort) via the fuse.In an on-board electrical system according to the invention, in particular as an alternative to a fuse, it can be advantageous for the first overcurrent protection device to have a switching unit, wherein the switching unit of the first overcurrent protection device is arranged in the first current path of the on-board electrical system, in particular is arranged electrically, and wherein the switching unit of the first overcurrent protection device can be transferred between a closed state and an open state, wherein the control device is further configured to transfer the switching unit of the second overcurrent protection device from the closed state to the open state in response to the detection of a fulfillment of a first opening criterion and to hold the switching unit of the first overcurrent protection device, which is in the closed state, in the closed state.By keeping the switching unit of the first overcurrent protection device in the closed state, feedback currents from the load section of the at least one first electrical energy component can flow via the switching unit of the first overcurrent protection device. This means that additional protection of the switching unit, in particular an electronic switch or a semiconductor switch, of the first overcurrent protection device for feedback currents from the load section of the at least one first electrical energy component can be omitted. For example, diode circuits or mechanisms for conducting the feedback current into the vehicle electrical system can be omitted. In particular, the first overcurrent protection device can have a single electronic switch or a single semiconductor switch as a switching unit. This means that the first overcurrent protection device can be designed particularly simply. The first opening criterion can, for example,a voltage criterion, wherein, when an electrical voltage is undershot, the switching unit of the second overcurrent protection device is transferred from the closed state to the open state, and in response thereto, the at least one first electrical energy component is transferred by the logic section of the at least one first electrical energy component to the defined safe state, in particular to protect the vehicle electrical system, wherein the switching unit of the first overcurrent protection device is held in the closed state. Thus, the vehicle electrical system can be particularly simple and / or particularly safe and / or particularly cost-effective.

[0017] In an on-board electrical system according to the invention, it may be advantageous for the control device to be further configured to detect fulfillment of a second opening criterion and, in response to detecting fulfillment of the second opening criterion, to transfer the switching unit of the first overcurrent protection device, which is held in the closed state, from the closed state to the open state. Thus, for certain situations, an electrical "opening" of the first current path can occur, and the on-board electrical system or its components can be particularly advantageously protected.

[0018] It can be advantageous in an on-board electrical system according to the invention that the on-board electrical system has a second electrical energy component, wherein the second electrical energy component has a load section and a logic section for controlling the load section of the second electrical energy component, and wherein (at least) the second current path of the on-board electrical system downstream of the switching unit of the second overcurrent protection device is further electrically connected to the logic section of the second electrical energy component, and wherein in particular the logic section of the second electrical energy component is configured to detect that the switching unit of the second overcurrent protection device is in the open state and, in response thereto, the second electrical energy component, in particular at least the load section of the second electrical energy component,to a defined safe state (of the second electrical energy component). Thus, the switching unit of the second overcurrent protection device can (also) supply power to the logic section of the second electrical energy component and transfer it to the defined safe state (of the second electrical energy component).

[0019] In an on-board power system according to the invention, it can be advantageous for the first overcurrent protection device, at least in part or in part, and at least the switching unit of the second overcurrent protection device to be arranged in a common power distributor. Thus, the on-board power system can be designed particularly simply and / or cost-effectively.In particular, the common power distributor can form a load power distributor and (simultaneously) a logic power distributor, wherein a plurality of overcurrent protection devices for a respective energy supply of a respective load section of a respective electrical energy component of the vehicle electrical system of a plurality of electrical energy components of the vehicle electrical system are (at least partially) arranged in the common power distributor, and a plurality of overcurrent protection devices for a respective energy supply of a respective logic section of a respective electrical energy component of the vehicle electrical system of the plurality of electrical energy components of the vehicle electrical system are (at least partially) arranged in the common power distributor.As an alternative to the shared power distributor, it is also conceivable, in particular, that in an on-board electrical system according to the invention, the first overcurrent protection device is arranged at least partially in a first power distributor and at least the switching unit of the second overcurrent protection device is arranged in a second power distributor, wherein in particular the first power distributor and the second power distributor are structurally separate from one another and / or positioned at a distance from one another in the on-board electrical system. Thus, the first power distributor and the second power distributor can be designed according to the requirements placed on them. In particular, the first power distributor can form a load power distributor and the second power distributor can form a logic power distributor.In particular, a plurality of overcurrent protection devices for a respective energy supply of a respective load section of a respective electrical energy component of the vehicle electrical system of a plurality of electrical energy components of the vehicle electrical system can be arranged (at least partially) in the load current distributor and / or a plurality of overcurrent protection devices for a respective energy supply of a respective logic section of a respective electrical energy component of the vehicle electrical system of the plurality of electrical energy components of the vehicle electrical system can be arranged in the logic current distributor.

[0020] It can also be advantageous in an on-board electrical system according to the invention for the control device to be arranged in the common power distributor or in the second power distributor. The on-board electrical system can therefore be designed to be particularly compact. Furthermore, the control device can therefore be particularly close to the second overcurrent protection device or to a plurality of overcurrent protection devices (in particular their switching units) for a respective power supply to a respective logic section of a respective electrical energy component of the on-board electrical system of a plurality of electrical energy components of the on-board electrical system. Furthermore, a respective transfer of a respective switching unit of the plurality of overcurrent protection devices can therefore take place particularly quickly. In particular, it is conceivable for the control device to be arranged in the second power distributor oris positioned and (dedicated) configured to control (only) the plurality of overcurrent protection devices, in particular the switching units of the plurality of overcurrent protection devices (e.g. eFuses), for the respective energy supply of the respective logic sections of the respective electrical energy components of the plurality of electrical energy components of the on-board network.

[0021] In an on-board electrical system according to the invention, it can be advantageous for at least the load section of the at least one first electrical energy component of the on-board electrical system to be in a defined functional state, for example, switched off, in the safe state of the at least one first electrical energy component. The on-board electrical system can thus be protected particularly advantageously. The load section of the at least one first electrical energy component can furthermore have at least one load-side switching arrangement with at least one switching element, for example a transistor, wherein the load-side switching arrangement can be transferred between a closed state and an open state, and wherein, in particular, in the open state of the load-side switching arrangement, the load current of the load section is interrupted (“zero current”) and the load section is switched off.

[0022] According to a second aspect, the present invention shows a vehicle, wherein the vehicle has an on-board network according to the invention.

[0023] In particular, the vehicle is a motor vehicle, preferably a passenger car or a truck or a motorcycle, e.g. a motorbike.

[0024] The vehicle according to the second aspect of the invention thus has the same advantages as those already described for the vehicle electrical system according to the first aspect of the invention.

[0025] According to a third aspect, the present invention provides a method for controlling an on-board electrical system, wherein the on-board electrical system is configured according to the invention. The method comprises, as one step, detecting an electrical state variable of the on-board electrical system, for example, an electrical voltage of the on-board electrical system. Furthermore, the method comprises, as one step, detecting fulfillment of a first opening criterion based on the detected electrical state variable of the on-board electrical system, wherein, in response thereto, the switching unit of the second overcurrent protection device is transferred from a closed state to an open state by means of the control device.Furthermore, the method comprises, as a step, detecting the open state of the switching unit of the second overcurrent protection device by means of the logic section of the at least one first electrical energy component, wherein in response thereto the at least one first electrical energy component, in particular at least the load section of the first electrical energy component, is transferred into a defined safe state, in particular for protecting the vehicle electrical system.

[0026] The method steps described above and below can, where technically feasible, be carried out individually, together, singly, multiple times, in parallel, and / or sequentially in any desired order. In a method according to the invention, it may be advantageous for the first overcurrent protection device to have a switching unit that can be switched between a closed state and an open state, wherein, in response to the detection of the fulfillment of the first opening criterion, the switching unit of the first overcurrent protection device is further held in the closed state.

[0027] It may be advantageous in a method according to the invention that fulfillment of a second opening criterion is detected, wherein in response thereto the switching unit of the first overcurrent protection device held in the closed state is transferred from the closed state to the open state.

[0028] The method according to the third aspect of the invention thus has the same advantages as have already been described for the vehicle electrical system according to the first aspect of the invention or the vehicle according to the second aspect of the invention.

[0029] According to further aspects, the present invention shows a computer program product, a computer-readable medium and a data carrier signal, wherein the computer program product, the computer-readable medium and the data carrier signal have the same advantages as have already been described for the on-board network according to the first aspect of the invention or the vehicle according to the second aspect of the invention or the method according to the third aspect of the invention or the computer program product or the computer-readable medium or the data carrier signal according to the further aspects of the invention.

[0030] The computer program product comprises commands, in particular instructions, wherein the commands, in particular instructions, cause an on-board power supply according to the invention and / or a vehicle according to the invention to execute a method according to the invention. The computer program product can be implemented as computer-readable instruction code in any suitable programming language, such as JAVA, C++, etc., wherein, in particular, the instruction code of the computer program product can program a computer or other programmable devices, such as a control device of an on-board power supply according to the invention and / or a vehicle according to the invention, such that the desired functions are executed.

[0031] The computer program product can be executed either by means of an instruction code, ie a

[0032] Software (computer program), as well as by means of one or more special electronic circuits, ie in hardware, or in any hybrid form, ie by means of software components and hardware components.

[0033] The computer program product can be stored on a computer-readable storage medium, e.g. a volatile or non-volatile memory and / or a processor of the control device (e.g. the on-board network).

[0034] Furthermore, the computer program product can be provided in a network such as the Internet, from which it can be downloaded by a user as needed, wherein, in particular, when downloading the computer program product, the data carrier signal transmits the computer program product according to the invention.

[0035] Further measures improving the invention will become apparent from the following description of some exemplary embodiments of the invention, which are schematically illustrated in the figures. All features and / or advantages apparent from the claims, the description, or the drawings, including design details, spatial arrangements, and method steps, may be essential to the invention both individually and in various combinations. It should be noted that the figures are merely descriptive and are not intended to limit the invention in any way.

[0036] They show schematically:

[0037] Fig. 1 an on-board network,

[0038] Fig. 2 an on-board network,

[0039] Fig. 3 an on-board network,

[0040] Fig. 4 a vehicle, and

[0041] Fig. 5 a method.

[0042] In the following figures, identical reference numerals are used for the same technical features, even in different embodiments.

[0043] Fig. 1 schematically discloses an on-board electrical system (100) for a vehicle (200), as described, for example, in relation to Fig. 4. The on-board electrical system (100) comprises an electrical energy supply (10). The on-board electrical system (100) further comprises at least one first electrical energy component (70), wherein the at least one first electrical energy component (70) has a load section (71) and a logic section (72) for controlling the load section (71). The on-board electrical system (100) further comprises a first current path (20), wherein the electrical energy supply (10) is electrically connected via the first current path (20) to the load section (71) of the at least one first electrical energy component (70) for supplying energy to the load section (71), and wherein a first overcurrent protection device (40), for example a fuse, is arranged in the first current path (20).The on-board electrical system (100) further comprises a second current path (30), wherein the electrical energy supply (10) is electrically connected via the second current path (30) at least to the logic section (72) of the at least one first electrical energy component (70) for supplying energy to the logic section (72), and wherein a switching unit (51) (not shown in detail) of a second overcurrent protection device (50) of the on-board electrical system (100) is arranged in the second current path (30), wherein the switching unit (51) of the second overcurrent protection device (50) can be transferred between a closed state and an open state. The on-board electrical system (100) further comprises a control device (90), wherein the control device (90) is configured to transfer (in terms of signals) at least the switching unit (51) of the second overcurrent protection device (50) between the closed state and the open state.Furthermore, the logic section (72) of the at least one first electrical energy component (70) is configured to detect that the switching unit (51) of the second overcurrent protection device (50) is in the open state and, in response thereto, to transfer the at least one first electrical energy component (70), in particular at least the load section (71) of the first electrical energy component (70), into a defined safe state. In particular, at least the load section (71) of the at least one first electrical energy component (70) of the vehicle electrical system (100) is functionally in a defined state in the safe state of the at least one first electrical energy component (70), for example, it is functionally switched off, for example, by preventing a current flow.

[0044] By way of example, in Figure 1, the first current path (20) and the second current path (30) are formed at least in sections between the electrical energy supply (10) and the first overcurrent protection device (40) or the second overcurrent protection device (50) by means of a common electrical line, wherein the same electrical potential is "applied" to the load section (71) and logic section (72) of the at least one first electrical energy component (70) when the two overcurrent protection devices (40, 50) are in the closed state. Furthermore, it is also conceivable for the first current path (20) and the second current path (30) to be formed separately from one another. Furthermore, it is also conceivable for different electrical voltages or electrical potentials, for example 12 V(olt) and 5 V(olt), to be provided to the load section (71) or the logic section (72) by means of or via the first current path (20) and the second current path (30).

[0045] In the on-board electrical system (100) shown in Fig. 1, it is further conceivable for the first overcurrent protection device (40) (e.g., as an alternative to a fuse) to have a switching unit (41) (not shown in more detail), wherein the switching unit (41) of the first overcurrent protection device (40) is arranged in the first current path (20) of the on-board electrical system (100), and wherein the switching unit (41) of the first overcurrent protection device (40) is transferable between a closed state and an open state, wherein the control device (90) is further configured, in response to detecting that a first opening criterion has been met, to transfer the switching unit (51) of the second overcurrent protection device (50) from the closed state to the open state and to maintain the switching unit (41) of the first overcurrent protection device (40) in the closed state in the closed state.In addition, the control device (90) can be further configured to detect fulfillment of a second opening criterion and, in response to detecting fulfillment of the second opening criterion, to transfer the switching unit (41) of the first overcurrent protection device (40), which is held in the closed state, from the closed state to the open state. The control device (90) can furthermore, in particular, co-form a part of the first overcurrent protection device (40) and / or the second overcurrent protection device (50), in particular for (respective) co-forming an eFuse.

[0046] It is also conceivable in the on-board power system (100) shown in Fig. 1 that the first overcurrent protection device (40) is arranged at least partially, for example a switching unit (41), or completely, for example a fuse, and at least the switching unit (51) of the second overcurrent protection device (50) are arranged in a common power distributor (110). In other words, the common

[0047] Power distributors (110) form a load power distributor and, at the same time, a logic power distributor, wherein, in particular, a plurality of overcurrent protection devices (e.g., fuses; not shown) for a respective power supply to a respective load section of a respective electrical energy component of a plurality of electrical energy components (not shown) of the vehicle electrical system (100) are (at least partially) arranged in the common power distributor (110), and a plurality of overcurrent protection devices (e.g., eFuses; not shown) for a respective power supply to a respective logic section of a respective electrical energy component of the plurality of electrical energy components of the vehicle electrical system (100) are (at least partially) arranged in the common power distributor (110). Furthermore, in Fig. 1, the control device (90) is arranged in the common power distributor (110) by way of example.The control device (90) is particularly designed to control at least the plurality of overcurrent protection devices for the respective power supply of the respective logic sections of the respective electrical energy components of the plurality of electrical energy components of the on-board electrical system (100). Alternatively, it is also conceivable for the control device (90) to be arranged or positioned outside, i.e., not in the common power distributor (110).

[0048] Fig. 2 schematically discloses an on-board electrical system (100) as already described in relation to Fig. 1, wherein in Fig. 2 the first overcurrent protection device (40) is arranged at least in sections in a first power distributor (111) and at least the switching unit (51) of the second overcurrent protection device (50) is arranged in a second power distributor (112), wherein in particular the first power distributor (111) and the second power distributor (112) are structurally separated from one another and / or are positioned at a distance from one another in the on-board electrical system (100). In particular, the first power distributor (111) can form a load power distributor and the second power distributor (112) can form a logic power distributor. In particular, a plurality of overcurrent protection devices (e.g.Fuses; not shown) for a respective power supply to a respective load section of a respective electrical energy component of a plurality of electrical energy components (not shown) of the on-board electrical system (100) can be arranged (at least partially) (not shown) and / or a plurality of overcurrent protection devices (e.g. eFuses; not shown) for a respective power supply to a respective logic section of a respective electrical energy component of the plurality of electrical energy components (not shown) of the on-board electrical system (100) can be arranged (at least partially) (not shown). Furthermore, in Fig. 2, the control device (90) is arranged or positioned outside, ie not in the first power distributor (111) or the second power distributor (112), by way of example.

[0049] The power distributor (111) or the second power distributor (112) can be designed particularly simply. The control device (90) is designed in particular to control at least the plurality of overcurrent protection devices for the respective power supply of the respective logic sections of the respective electrical energy components of the plurality of electrical energy components of the on-board electrical system (100). It is also conceivable (as an alternative to being arranged externally) for the control device (90) to be arranged or positioned in the second power distributor (112) and in particular to be (dedicatedly) configured to control (only) the plurality of overcurrent protection devices, in particular the switching units of the plurality of overcurrent protection devices (e.g. eFuses), for the respective power supply of the respective logic sections of the respective electrical energy components of the plurality of electrical energy components of the on-board electrical system (100).

[0050] Fig. 3 schematically discloses an on-board electrical system (100) as already described with reference to Fig. 1 and / or Fig. 2, wherein the on-board electrical system (100) has a second electrical energy component (80), wherein the second electrical energy component (80) has a load section (81) and a logic section (82) for controlling the load section (81) of the second electrical energy component (80), and wherein the second current path (30) of the on-board electrical system (100) downstream of the switching unit (51) of the second overcurrent protection device (50) is further electrically connected to the logic section (82) of the second electrical energy component (80). Furthermore, by means of the DC-DC converter (120) arranged downstream of the switching unit (51) of the second overcurrent protection device (50), the logic section (72) can be supplied with an electrical voltage or current that is different from the load section (71) of the at least one first electrical energy component (70).different electrical potentials are provided. It is also conceivable that the DC-DC converter (120) is arranged downstream of the switching unit (51) of the second overcurrent protection device (50).

[0051] Fig. 4 schematically discloses a vehicle (200), wherein the vehicle (200) has an on-board network (100) according to the invention, as described, for example, for Fig. 1 and / or Fig. 2 and / or Fig. 3.

[0052] Fig. 5 schematically discloses a method for controlling an on-board electrical system (100), wherein the on-board electrical system (100) is configured according to the invention, for example as described for Fig. 1 and / or Fig. 2 and / or Fig. 3. The method comprises, as a step, detecting (320) an electrical state variable of the on-board electrical system (100). The method further comprises, as a step, detecting (340) a fulfillment of a first opening criterion based on the detected electrical state variable of the on-board electrical system (100), wherein, in response thereto, the switching unit (51) of the second overcurrent protection device (50) is transferred (360) from a closed state to an open state by means of the control device (90).The method further comprises, as a step, detecting (380) the open state of the switching unit (51) of the second overcurrent protection device (50) by means of the logic section (72) of the at least one first electrical energy component (70), wherein in response thereto the at least one first electrical energy component (70), in particular at least the load section (71) of the first electrical energy component (70), is transferred (400) into a defined safe state to protect the vehicle electrical system (100).

[0053] In the method described in Fig. 5, it may further be advantageous for the first overcurrent protection device (40) to have a switching unit (41) that can be transferred between a closed state and an open state, wherein, in response to the detection (340) of the fulfillment of the first opening criterion, the switching unit (41) of the first overcurrent protection device (40) is held in the closed state (361). In the method described in Fig. 5, it may further be advantageous for the detection (420) of a second opening criterion being fulfilled, wherein, in response thereto, the switching unit (41) of the first overcurrent protection device (40), which is held in the closed state, is transferred from the closed state to the open state (440).

[0054] List of reference symbols

[0055] 10 electrical power supply

[0056] 20 first current path

[0057] 30 second current path

[0058] 40 first overcurrent protection device

[0059] 41 Switching unit

[0060] 50 second overcurrent protection device

[0061] 51 switching unit

[0062] 70 first electrical energy component

[0063] 71 Load section

[0064] 72 Logic section

[0065] 80 second electrical energy component

[0066] 81 Load section

[0067] 82 Logic section

[0068] 90 Control device

[0069] 100 on-board network

[0070] 110 power distributors

[0071] 111 first power distributor

[0072] 112 second power distributor

[0073] 120 DC-DC converters

[0074] 200 vehicles

[0075] 320 Recording an electrical state variable of the vehicle electrical system

[0076] 340 Detecting that a first opening criterion has been met

[0077] 360 Transferring the switching unit of the second overcurrent protection device to the

[0078] Open state

[0079] 361 Holding the switching unit of the first overcurrent protection device in the

[0080] Closed state

[0081] 380 Detection of the open state of the switching unit of the second

[0082] Overcurrent protection device

[0083] 400 Transferring the first electrical energy component into a safe state

[0084] 420 Detecting that a second opening criterion is met

[0085] 440 Transferring the switching unit of the first overcurrent protection device to the open state

Claims

Claims 1. On-board electrical system (100) for a vehicle (200), the on-board electrical system (100) comprising: an electrical energy supply (10), at least one first electrical energy component (70), the at least one first electrical energy component (70) comprising a load section (71) and a logic section (72) for controlling the load section (71), a first current path (20), the electrical energy supply (10) being electrically connected via the first current path (20) to the load section (71) of the at least one first electrical energy component (70) for supplying energy to the load section (71), and a first overcurrent protection device (40) being arranged in the first current path (20), a second current path (30),wherein the electrical energy supply (10) is electrically connected via the second current path (30) at least to the logic section (72) of the at least one first electrical energy component (70) for supplying energy to the logic section (72), and wherein a switching unit (51) of a second overcurrent protection device (50) of the vehicle electrical system (100) is arranged in the second current path (30), wherein the switching unit (51) of the second overcurrent protection device (50) is transferable between a closed state and an open state, a control device (90), wherein the control device (90) is configured to transfer at least the switching unit (51) of the second overcurrent protection device (50) between the closed state and the open state, and wherein the logic section (72) of the at least one first electrical energy component (70) is configured to detect,that the switching unit (51) of the second overcurrent protection device (50) is in the open state and, in response thereto, transfers the at least one first electrical energy component (70), in particular at least the load section (71) of the first electrical energy component (70), into a defined safe state to protect the vehicle electrical system (100).

2. On-board electrical system (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that the first overcurrent protection device (40) is a fuse.

3. On-board network (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that the first overcurrent protection device (40) has a switching unit (41), wherein the switching unit (41) of the first overcurrent protection device (40) is arranged in the first current path (20) of the vehicle electrical system (100), and wherein the switching unit (41) of the first overcurrent protection device (40) can be transferred between a closed state and an open state, wherein the control device (90) is further configured, in response to the detection of fulfillment of a first opening criterion, to transfer the switching unit (51) of the second overcurrent protection device (50) from the closed state to the open state and to hold the switching unit (41) of the first overcurrent protection device (40) in the closed state in the closed state.

4. The on-board electrical system (100) according to claim 3, characterized in that the control device (90) is further configured to detect fulfillment of a second opening criterion and, in response to detecting fulfillment of the second opening criterion, to transfer the switching unit (41) of the first overcurrent protection device (40), which is held in the closed state, from the closed state to the open state.

5. On-board electrical system (100) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the on-board electrical system (100) has a second electrical energy component (80), wherein the second electrical energy component (80) has a load section (81) and a logic section (82) for controlling the load section (81) of the second electrical energy component (80), and wherein the second current path (30) of the on-board electrical system (100) downstream of the switching unit (51) of the second overcurrent protection device (50) is further electrically connected to the logic section (82) of the second electrical energy component (80).

6. On-board power supply system (100) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first overcurrent protection device (40) is arranged at least in sections and at least the switching unit (51) of the second overcurrent protection device (50) is arranged in a common power distributor (110).

7. On-board network (100) according to claim 6, characterized in that the control device (90) is arranged in the common power distributor (110).

8. On-board electrical system (100) according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the first overcurrent protection device (40) is arranged at least in sections in a first power distributor (111) and at least the switching unit (51) of the second overcurrent protection device (50) is arranged in a second power distributor (112), wherein in particular the first power distributor (111) and the second power distributor (112) are structurally separated from one another and / or are positioned at a distance from one another in the on-board electrical system (100).

9. On-board power supply system (100) according to claim 8, characterized in that the control device (90) is arranged in the second power distributor (112).

10. On-board network (100) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least the load section (71) of the at least one first electrical energy component (70) of the on-board network (100) is functionally in a defined state in the safe state of the at least one first electrical energy component (70).

11. Vehicle (200), wherein the vehicle (200) has an on-board network (100) according to one of the preceding claims.

12. A method for controlling an on-board network (100), wherein the on-board network (100) is designed according to one of claims 1 to 10, and wherein the method comprises: - detecting (320) an electrical state variable of the vehicle electrical system (100), - detecting (340) a fulfillment of a first opening criterion based on the detected electrical state variable of the vehicle electrical system (100), wherein in response thereto the switching unit (51) of the second overcurrent protection device (50) is transferred (360) from a closed state to an open state by means of the control device (90), - detecting (380) the open state of the switching unit (51) of the second overcurrent protection device (50) by means of the logic section (72) of the at least a first electrical energy component (70), wherein in response thereto the at least one first electrical energy component (70), in particular at least the load section (71) of the first electrical energy component (70), is transferred (400) into a defined safe state to protect the on-board electrical system (100).

13. The method according to claim 12, characterized in that the first overcurrent protection device (40) has a switching unit (41) which can be transferred between a closed state and an open state, wherein in response to the detection (340) of the fulfillment of the first opening criterion, the switching unit (41) of the first overcurrent protection device (40) is further held in the closed state (361).

14. The method according to claim 13, characterized in that fulfillment of a second opening criterion is detected (420), wherein in response thereto the switching unit (41) of the first overcurrent protection device (40) held in the closed state is transferred from the closed state to the open state (440).

15. A computer program product, wherein the computer program product comprises instructions, wherein the instructions cause an on-board network (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 10 or a vehicle (200) according to claim 11 to execute a method according to any one of claims 12 to 14.

16. A computer-readable medium, wherein the computer program product according to claim 15 is stored on the computer-readable medium.

17. A data carrier signal, wherein the data carrier signal transmits the computer program product according to claim 15.

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