Antenna assembly and vehicle

Abstract

The present application provides an antenna assembly and a vehicle. The antenna assembly is applied to a vehicle. The antenna assembly comprises: autobody glass comprising a first glass layer and a second glass layer; a positioning antenna disposed between the first glass layer and the second glass layer; and an autobody metal plate disposed on the side of the second glass layer away from the positioning antenna. Compared with a conventional positioning antenna disposed in an antenna box or a shark fin, the present application can achieve the effect of the positioning antenna being co-formed with the autobody glass without requiring the addition of an additional device, and helps to prevent electromagnetic interference and metal shielding.

Description

Antenna assembly and vehicle Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of antenna technology, and in particular to an antenna assembly and a vehicle. Background Art

[0002] Vehicles use positioning antennas for satellite positioning and navigation. Traditionally, positioning antennas are typically housed in devices such as antenna boxes or shark fins. However, placing the antenna box inside the vehicle can cause electromagnetic interference from the vehicle's metal shielding and circuitry, weakening the antenna's signal reception. Furthermore, the shark fin layout can affect the design of panoramic sunroofs and is increasingly used in today's vehicle designs. Therefore, positioning antennas provided by traditional solutions no longer fully meet the needs of vehicle development.

[0003] Summary of the Invention

[0004] The embodiments of the present application provide an antenna assembly and a vehicle, which are introduced below from the following aspects.

[0005] In a first aspect, a positioning antenna assembly for a vehicle is provided, the antenna assembly comprising: vehicle body glass, comprising a first glass layer and a second glass layer; a positioning antenna, disposed between the first glass layer and the second glass layer; and a vehicle body metal plate, disposed on a side of the second glass layer away from the positioning antenna.

[0006] As a possible implementation manner, the vehicle body glass is a sunroof glass of the vehicle, and the vehicle body metal plate is a roof metal plate.

[0007] As a possible implementation, the positioning antenna assembly further includes a feeding adapter plate, which is disposed outside the coverage area of ​​the vehicle body glass and connected between the vehicle body metal plate and the positioning antenna.

[0008] As a possible implementation manner, an active circuit is provided on the feed adapter board.

[0009] As a possible implementation manner, the positioning antenna includes a first antenna radiator corresponding to the L1 frequency band; and a second antenna radiator corresponding to the L5 frequency band.

[0010] As a possible implementation manner, the antenna radiator in the positioning antenna is a sheet radiator that has been subjected to a chamfering process.

[0011] As a possible implementation manner, the positioning antenna is a membrane-shaped antenna.

[0012] As a possible implementation manner, the positioning antenna is a circularly polarized antenna for communicating with a satellite.

[0013] As a possible implementation manner, the positioning antenna is a GNSS antenna.

[0014] In a second aspect, a vehicle is provided, comprising the positioning antenna assembly according to any one of the first aspects.

[0015] The positioning antenna assembly in this embodiment places the antenna between the interlayers of the vehicle's glass, utilizing the vehicle's metal plate as a reflector. The glass is located outside the vehicle's exterior, away from the vehicle's electrical circuitry. Compared to traditional positioning antennas placed in antenna boxes or shark fins, this eliminates the need for additional components, achieves conformal alignment with the vehicle's glass, and helps prevent electromagnetic interference and metal shielding. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] FIG1 is a schematic diagram of a scenario to which an embodiment of the present application is applicable.

[0017] FIG2 is a schematic structural diagram of a positioning antenna assembly according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0018] FIG3 is a schematic structural diagram of a positioning antenna assembly according to another embodiment of the present application.

[0019] FIG4 is a schematic structural diagram of a positioning antenna assembly according to another embodiment of the present application.

[0020] FIG5 is a diagram showing the performance parameters of the positioning antenna according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0021] FIG6 is another schematic diagram of performance parameters of the positioning antenna according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0022] FIG7 is another schematic diagram of performance parameters of the positioning antenna according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0023] FIG8 is another schematic diagram of performance parameters of the positioning antenna according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0024] FIG9 is another schematic diagram of performance parameters of the positioning antenna according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0025] FIG10 is another schematic diagram of performance parameters of the positioning antenna according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0026] FIG11 is a schematic block diagram of a vehicle according to an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The technical solution in this application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0028] For ease of understanding, the following describes a scenario applicable to embodiments of the present application in conjunction with FIG1 . The scenario 100 shown in FIG1 may include a vehicle 110, a positioning satellite 120, and a positioning antenna 130. Accordingly, the vehicle 110 transmits signals to or receives signals from the positioning satellite 120 (hereinafter referred to as transceiver signals) based on the positioning antenna 130 to implement functions such as satellite search, positioning, and vehicle navigation.

[0029] The embodiments of the present application do not specifically limit the vehicle 110. The vehicle 110 can be any vehicle having a positioning antenna 120. For example, the vehicle 110 can be the following passenger vehicles: a multi-purpose vehicle (MPV), a sport utility vehicle (SUV), a sedan, and a crossover passenger car. For another example, the vehicle 110 can also be the following commercial vehicles: a truck, a bus, a special vehicle, and a semi-trailer. Alternatively, the vehicle 110 can be a traditional fuel vehicle or a new energy vehicle. Alternatively, the vehicle 110 can be a manned vehicle or an unmanned vehicle.

[0030] The embodiments of the present application do not specifically limit the positioning satellite 120. The positioning satellite 120 can be any satellite system capable of transmitting and receiving positioning signals. In other words, the positioning satellite 120 can include a global satellite system, a regional satellite system, and an enhanced satellite system. For example, the positioning satellite 120 can be a satellite system such as GLONASS, the Global Positioning System (GPS), BeiDou, and Galileo. These positioning satellite systems are collectively referred to as the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS).

[0031] Different satellite systems correspond to different signal frequency bands. For example, GPS has three frequency bands: L1, L2, and L5. Specifically, the L1 band has a center frequency of 1575.42 MHz and provides standard positioning and navigation services. The L2 band has a center frequency of 1227.60 MHz and provides high-precision positioning and navigation services. The L5 band has a center frequency of 1176.45 MHz and provides civilian precision positioning and navigation services.

[0032] The embodiments of this application do not specifically limit the positioning antenna 130. Positioning antenna 130 can be any positioning antenna capable of transmitting and receiving positioning signals. Different satellite systems correspond to different types of positioning antennas. For example, the positioning antenna corresponding to GPS is called a GPS antenna, while the positioning antenna corresponding to the Beidou satellite system is called a Beidou antenna. Corresponding to the GNSS mentioned above, positioning antenna 130 can also be referred to as a GNSS antenna.

[0033] The positioning antenna 130 can transmit and receive positioning signals in one or more frequency bands. Taking the GPS antenna as an example, corresponding to the L1, L2, and L5 bands mentioned above, the GPS antenna can be configured as a positioning antenna for multiple different frequency bands. For example, the GPS antenna can be a single-band positioning antenna. Another example is a dual-band positioning antenna. Another example is a triple-band positioning antenna.

[0034] It should be noted that the application scenarios of the solutions provided in the embodiments of this application are not limited to the above-mentioned mainstream satellite navigation systems in current GNSS technology. As technology evolves, other newly emerging GNSS technology implementations do not exceed the scope of application scenarios covered by the embodiments of this application.

[0035] In recent years, with the rapid development of global positioning system technology, it has also been widely used in the automotive field. Antennas are key components for intelligent connected functions such as radio communications, wireless networks, and satellite positioning, playing a crucial role in transmitting and receiving signals in communication systems. With the continuous advancement of vehicle intelligence and networking, vehicles are no longer simply mechanical and industrial products, but sometimes more like running wireless communication nodes. Antennas are the most advanced components of the entire communication system. All location and communication data require antennas for positioning and transmission. Therefore, the quality of antennas directly affects the performance of the entire intelligent connected vehicle system.

[0036] Vehicles use positioning antennas (or GNSS antennas) to achieve functions such as satellite positioning and vehicle navigation. GNSS antennas can include ceramic dielectric GNSS circularly polarized antennas and flexible printed circuit (FPC) GNSS linearly polarized antennas. In traditional solutions, ceramic dielectric GNSS circularly polarized antennas are usually placed in devices such as antenna boxes or shark fins. However, placing the antenna box inside the car will cause the positioning antenna to be subject to electromagnetic interference from the metal shielding of the car body and the circuit, thereby causing the positioning antenna to receive signal performance weakened. The layout of the shark fin will affect the design of the panoramic sunroof, and it is used less and less in today's vehicle designs. In addition, when receiving satellite circularly polarized signals, the FPC GNSS linearly polarized antenna will have a signal attenuation of 3 decibels (dB), which directly affects the antenna's satellite search and positioning accuracy. Therefore, the positioning antenna provided by the traditional solution can no longer fully meet the needs of vehicle development.

[0037] To address the above issues, the positioning antenna assembly in the embodiment of the present application places the positioning antenna between the interlayers of the vehicle body glass and utilizes the vehicle body metal plate as a reflector. The vehicle body glass is located on the periphery of the vehicle body and away from the vehicle's circuit system. Compared to traditional positioning antennas placed in antenna boxes or shark fins, the positioning antenna assembly in the embodiment of the present application does not require additional components, can achieve conformal effect with the vehicle glass, and helps avoid electromagnetic interference and metal shielding. The positioning antenna assembly in the embodiment of the present application is described below in conjunction with Figure 2.

[0038] FIG2 shows a positioning antenna assembly 200 according to an embodiment of the present application. Referring to FIG2 , the positioning antenna assembly 200 includes a vehicle body glass 210 , a positioning antenna 220 , and a vehicle body metal plate 230 .

[0039] Vehicle glass 210 can be used to secure positioning antenna 220 to a specific location on the vehicle. It also protects positioning antenna 220, ensuring stable signal transmission and reception. Because it is located away from the vehicle's electrical circuitry, it helps prevent electromagnetic signals from interfering with positioning antenna 220. Furthermore, its location outside the vehicle's periphery helps reduce signal shielding from the metal body of the vehicle.

[0040] The vehicle glass 210 may have two or more layers, which is not specifically limited in this embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 2, in some implementations, the vehicle glass 210 may include a first glass layer 212 and a second glass layer 214, with the positioning antenna 220 disposed therebetween. Alternatively, in other implementations, the vehicle glass 210 may have a single glass layer with a central space for accommodating the positioning antenna 220.

[0041] Vehicle glass 210 can be any of a variety of types. In some implementations, vehicle glass 210 can be a vehicle sunroof. Sunroof glass is further away from the circuitry than other vehicle glass, further reducing electromagnetic interference to positioning antenna 220. Furthermore, placing positioning antenna 220 between sunroof glass faces the sky, further addressing metal shielding issues. For example, positioning antenna 220 can be placed along the edges of the sunroof glass.

[0042] Of course, the vehicle glass 210 may also be other glass of the vehicle. For example, the vehicle glass 210 may be a front windshield. For another example, the vehicle glass 210 may be a rear windshield. For another example, the vehicle glass 210 may be a side door glass.

[0043] Positioning antenna 220 is used to transmit and receive signals for vehicle positioning and navigation. Alternatively, positioning antenna 220 may be a GNSS antenna. For example, a GPS antenna may transmit received signals to a GPS module, which then analyzes the signals to locate the vehicle.

[0044] In some implementations, positioning antenna 220 may be a circularly polarized positioning antenna. A circularly polarized positioning antenna can receive incoming signals of any polarization, and its radiated signals can also be received by antennas of any polarization. For these reasons, using circularly polarized positioning antenna 220 helps improve the signal transmission and reception performance of positioning antenna 220. Of course, positioning antenna 220 may also be a linearly polarized positioning antenna.

[0045] The vehicle body metal plate 230 can serve as a reflector for the positioning antenna 220, reflecting the signal sent from the positioning antenna 220 to one side to the other side, or reflecting the signal that passes through the positioning antenna 220 back to the range that the positioning antenna 220 can receive. In other words, by providing the vehicle body metal plate 230, the positioning antenna 220 can achieve the function of directional signal transmission and reception. In this embodiment of the application, the vehicle body metal plate 230 is used as a reflector. Without adding additional components, it helps to enhance the sensitivity of the antenna's signal transmission and reception, and also serves to block and shield other signal interference from the back (opposite direction) of the positioning antenna 220.

[0046] The vehicle body metal sheet 230 may correspond to the vehicle glass 210. For example, if the vehicle glass 210 is a sunroof glass of a vehicle, the vehicle body metal sheet 230 may be a roof metal sheet.

[0047] In some implementations, the vehicle body metal plate 230 may be disposed on a side of the second glass layer 214 away from the positioning antenna 220 . Alternatively, the vehicle body metal plate 230 may also be disposed on a side of the first glass layer 212 away from the positioning antenna 220 .

[0048] The embodiment of the present application does not specifically limit the shape of the vehicle body metal plate 230. For example, the vehicle body metal plate 230 can be a plane. For another example, the vehicle body metal plate 230 can also be a curved surface.

[0049] The material of the vehicle body metal plate 230 can be any material having a signal reflection function. In some implementations, the material of the vehicle body metal plate 230 can be aluminum alloy or steel.

[0050] As mentioned above, the positioning antenna 220 can be positioned between the first glass layer 212 and the second glass layer 214. There are many ways to position the positioning antenna 220 between the glass layers. For example, a groove can be provided between the first glass layer 212 and the second glass layer 214, and the positioning antenna 220 can be fixed within the groove. Alternatively, the positioning antenna 220 can be fixed between the first glass layer 212 and the second glass layer 214 by bonding. For example, an adhesive film layer can be provided between the first glass layer 212 and the second glass layer 214, and the antenna can be fixed within or to one side of the film layer, thereby forming a multi-layer structure with the glass layers. A more specific example is provided below in conjunction with Figure 3.

[0051] FIG3 shows a positioning antenna assembly 300 in an embodiment of the present application. Referring to FIG3 , the positioning antenna assembly 300 may include a first glass layer 212 , a first film layer 310 , a positioning antenna 220 , a second film layer 320 , a second glass layer 214 , and a vehicle body metal plate 230 .

[0052] The first film layer 310 is used to connect the first glass layer 212 and the positioning antenna 220 . In other words, the first film layer 310 is used to bond one side of the positioning antenna 220 to the first glass layer 212 .

[0053] The second film layer 320 is used to connect the second glass layer 214 and the positioning antenna 220 . In other words, the second film layer 320 is used to bond the other side of the positioning antenna 220 to the second glass layer 214 .

[0054] In some implementations, the positioning antenna assembly 300 can use a vacuum hot pressing process to hot-press the first glass layer 212 and the first film layer 310, and the second glass layer 214 and the second film layer 320, so that the positioning antenna 220 is set between the first glass layer 212 and the second glass layer 214.

[0055] The embodiments of the present application do not impose any specific restrictions on the first film layer 310, as long as it can connect the first glass layer 212 and the positioning antenna 220 together. In some implementations, the first film layer 310 can be an adhesive layer. That is, the first glass layer 212 and the positioning antenna 220 are bonded together through the viscosity of the adhesive layer. For example, the first film layer can be ultraviolet (UV) adhesive. UV adhesive has a faster curing speed, which helps to improve the firmness of the bond between the first glass layer 212 and the positioning antenna 220. Alternatively, the first film layer 310 can also be the following adhesive layers: urethanes, silicones, anaerobic adhesives, and hot melt adhesives.

[0056] In some implementations, the positioning antenna 220 may be in the form of a membrane. If the vehicle body glass 210 is a double-layer structure, then placing the positioning antenna 220 in the form of a membrane between the vehicle body glass 210 can help improve the sealing performance of the vehicle body glass 210.

[0057] The positioning antenna 220 can transmit and receive signals in one or more frequency bands. In some implementations, the positioning antenna 220 can transmit and receive signals in two frequency bands. The positioning antenna 220 uses a dual-band mode, which helps improve positioning flexibility and reliability. For example, Figure 4 shows a positioning antenna assembly 400 in an embodiment of the present application. The positioning antenna 220 may include a first antenna radiator 222 and a second antenna radiator 224, each corresponding to a different frequency band. For example, the first antenna radiator 222 may correspond to the L1 frequency band, and the second antenna radiator 224 may correspond to the L5 frequency band. Alternatively, the first antenna radiator 222 transmits and receives signals in the L1 frequency band, while the second antenna radiator 224 transmits and receives signals in the L5 frequency band. It should be noted that the first antenna radiator 222 and the second antenna radiator 224 may also correspond to other frequency bands, and this embodiment of the present application does not specifically limit this.

[0058] In other implementations, the positioning antenna 220 may transmit and receive single-band signals or other multi-band signals.

[0059] The present embodiment does not impose any specific restrictions on the material of the first antenna radiator 222, as long as it can transmit and receive satellite signals. For example, the first antenna radiator 222 can be made of copper foil.

[0060] The frequency of the positioning antenna 220 may be affected by the surrounding environment, especially when assembled in the whole machine, which may change the frequency of the positioning antenna 220. Therefore, it is necessary to adjust the frequency of the positioning antenna 220 so that it remains within the specified frequency band.

[0061] Therefore, in some implementations, the positioning antenna 220 may include a film layer for adjusting the frequency of the positioning antenna 220 .

[0062] For example, as shown in Figure 3, the positioning antenna 220 may include an antenna diaphragm 301 and a nanosilver layer 302, wherein the nanosilver layer 302 is attached to the antenna diaphragm 301. By adjusting the thickness and area of ​​the nanosilver layer 302, the frequency of the positioning antenna 220 can be adjusted, which helps to improve the sensitivity of the positioning antenna 220 in transmitting and receiving signals.

[0063] The nanosilver layer 302 can be a membrane-like structure formed on the surface of the antenna membrane 301 through a special manufacturing process. This special manufacturing process can include physical or chemical preparation, and specifically includes but is not limited to the following methods: imprinted nanosilver filling, atomization, reduction ball milling, evaporation condensation, photochemical reduction, etc.

[0064] The antenna film 301 can be a transparent or translucent substrate. For example, the antenna film 301 can be polyethylene terephthalate (PET). Alternatively, the antenna film 301 can also include the following materials: polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), polystyrene (PS), polycarbonate (PC), and polyethylene (PE) to increase the hardness and toughness of the antenna film 301. It is understood that the antenna film 301 can also be made of any other material that meets the corresponding functional requirements, and is not specifically limited here.

[0065] In some implementations, the positioning antenna assembly 300 may further include an active circuit to realize the function of an active antenna. The active circuit may be disposed on the vehicle body glass 210 or outside the vehicle body glass 210 .

[0066] As described above, positioning antenna 220 is positioned between the vehicle's glass windows, posing a challenge for how the active circuit feeds power to positioning antenna 220. In some implementations, the active circuit can feed power to positioning antenna 220 via a feed adapter plate. A more specific example of the active circuit and feed adapter plate is provided below, in conjunction with Figure 4.

[0067] 4 , the positioning antenna assembly 400 may include the vehicle body glass 210 , the first antenna radiator 222 , the second antenna radiator 224 , the vehicle body metal plate 230 , a feed adapter plate 410 and an active circuit 420 .

[0068] The active circuit 420 can be connected to the positioning antenna 220 through the feed adapter plate 410 .

[0069] As shown in Figure 4 , the feed adapter plate 410 can be positioned outside the coverage area of ​​the vehicle body glass 210 and connected between the vehicle body metal plate 230 and the positioning antenna 220. The feed adapter plate 410 can be provided with gold fingers. Some of these gold fingers connect to the first antenna radiator 222 and the second antenna radiator 224, while others connect to the vehicle body metal plate 230. Furthermore, the feed adapter plate 410 can also be provided with grounding lugs (not shown) that connect to the vehicle body metal plate 230, enabling the vehicle body metal plate 230 to function as a reflector for the positioning antenna 220.

[0070] The feed adapter plate 410 can be of various types. For example, it can be a flexible printed circuit board (FPC). Another example is a modified polyimide (MPI) flexible board or a liquid crystal polymer (LCP) flexible board. Using these flexible components helps ensure a reliable connection between the feed adapter plate 410 and the vehicle body glass 210. It also facilitates the bonding of the feed adapter plate 410 to the vehicle body metal plate 230.

[0071] Continuing with Figure 4 , the first antenna radiator 222 is provided with a connecting portion 401, and the second antenna radiator 224 is provided with a connecting portion 402. In Figure 4 , connecting portion 401 and connecting portion 402 are separate structures. Of course, connecting portion 401 and connecting portion 402 can also be connected together, which is not specifically limited here.

[0072] The positioning antenna 220 may be processed to further improve antenna performance, for example, the processing may be performed in the following manner.

[0073] In a first embodiment, the first antenna radiator 222 may be a chamfered sheet structure. For example, referring to FIG4 , the upper right corner and the lower left corner may be chamfered to adjust the passive performance of the positioning antenna 220, making it a circularly polarized antenna with a better front-to-back ratio.

[0074] In a second approach, the resonant frequency of the positioning antenna 220 may be adjusted by adjusting the length and width of the first antenna radiator 222 , so that the voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) of the positioning antenna 220 is closer to 1.

[0075] In a third approach, the distance between the positioning antenna 220 and the vehicle body metal plate 230 may be adjusted to further enhance the sensitivity of the positioning antenna 220 in transmitting and receiving signals.

[0076] It should be understood that the above methods can be used alone or in combination, and the embodiments of the present application do not specifically limit this.

[0077] The active circuit 420 can be used to process the signal received by the positioning antenna 220 to provide a high-quality positioning signal to the positioning module of the next level (not shown in the figure).

[0078] In some implementations, active circuit 420 may include a cable 421 , a filter 422 , an amplifier 423 , a combiner 424 , and a connector 425 .

[0079] One end of cable 421 can be connected to feed adapter plate 410 to receive signals from positioning antenna 220 or send signals to positioning antenna 220. The other end of cable 421 is connected to connector 425, thereby connecting positioning antenna assembly 400 to an external positioning module. Components such as filter 422, amplifier 423, and combiner 424 are connected in the middle of cable 421.

[0080] The filter 422 may be used to filter the received signal to remove unnecessary frequency components, thereby improving signal quality and suppressing interference.

[0081] Filter 422 can be of various types, which are not specifically limited in the present embodiment. For example, filter 422 can be a surface acoustic wave (SAW) filter. Alternatively, filter 422 can be one or more of the following filters: a metal cavity filter, a dielectric filter, or a bulk acoustic wave filter.

[0082] The amplifier 423 may be used to amplify the signal to a specific power and then transmit it to the positioning antenna 220 for transmission, or to amplify the signal received by the positioning antenna 220 to a specific power and then transmit it to the positioning module.

[0083] The present embodiment does not specifically limit the type of amplifier 423. In some implementations, amplifier 423 may be a conduction angle amplifier. Alternatively, amplifier 423 may be a "switching" amplifier. For example, amplifier 423 may be one or more of the following: Class A, Class B, Class AB, Class C, Class D, Class F, Class G, Class I, Class S, and Class T amplifiers.

[0084] The combiner 424 can be used to combine two or more signals from different frequency bands into one signal to be transmitted to the positioning antenna 220 for transmission, while avoiding mutual influence between signals from different frequency bands.

[0085] The present embodiment does not specifically limit the type of combiner 424. In some cases, the type of combiner 424 is related to the number of frequency bands received by positioning antenna 220. For example, if positioning antenna 220 can receive both the L1 and L5 frequency bands, combiner 424 can be a two-way combiner. Of course, combiner 424 can also be a three-way combiner or a four-way combiner.

[0086] As described above, the connector 425 is connected to the other end of the cable 421 , thereby enabling signal reception between the positioning antenna assembly 400 and the positioning module.

[0087] The embodiment of the present application does not specifically limit the type of connector 425. For example, the connector 425 may include an N-type connector, a bayonet nut connector (BNC), a subminiature version A (SMA) connector, a subminiature version B (SMB) connector, a subminiature version C (SMC) connector, and a threaded Neil–Concelman (TNC) connector.

[0088] The structure of the positioning antenna 220 is described in detail above. The performance of the positioning antenna 220 in transmitting and receiving signals can be verified by some parameters. The performance parameters of the positioning antenna 220 may include parameters such as gain, voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) and efficiency. Specifically, gain is used to measure the ability of the antenna to transmit and receive signals in a specific direction. The higher the gain, the better the directivity and the more concentrated the energy. The unit of gain is dB. Efficiency represents the energy conversion efficiency, that is, the ratio of the antenna's radiated power to the input power, and its value is always less than 1. VSWR represents the ratio of the maximum value to the minimum value on the voltage standing wave graph generated along the transmission line when the antenna is used as a load on a lossless transmission line. The larger the VSWR, the greater the reflection and the worse the matching.

[0089] The following describes the performance of the first antenna radiator 222 and the second antenna radiator 224 of the positioning antenna 220 in conjunction with Figures 5 to 10. It should be understood that in Figures 5 to 10, the first antenna radiator 222 corresponds to signals in the L1 frequency band, and the second antenna radiator 224 corresponds to signals in the L5 frequency band.

[0090] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the VSWR of the first antenna radiator 222. In Figure 5, the horizontal axis is frequency (MHz) and the vertical axis is VSWR. Curve L1 is the VSWR curve of the first antenna radiator 222 in the L1 frequency band. Curve S1 is the Smith chart. Curve H1 is the impedance curve of the first antenna radiator 222 at 1561 MHz (the frequency corresponding to h1). Curve H2 is the impedance curve of the first antenna radiator 222 at 1575 MHz (the frequency corresponding to h2). Curve H3 is the impedance curve of the first antenna radiator 222 at 1602 MHz (the frequency corresponding to h3). As can be seen from Figure 5, curve H2 is closest to the matching point of the Smith chart, at which point the impedance matching is optimal. Therefore, the VSWR of the first antenna radiator 222 is the smallest at 1575 MHz, reaching 1.3.

[0091] Figure 6 shows a schematic diagram of the VSWR of the second antenna radiator 224. In Figure 6, the horizontal axis represents frequency (MHz) and the vertical axis represents VSWR. Curve L2 represents the VSWR curve of the second antenna radiator 224 in the L5 frequency band. Curve S1 represents the Smith chart. Curve H4 represents the impedance curve of the second antenna radiator 224 at 1176 MHz (the frequency corresponding to h4). As shown in Figure 6, curve H4 is closest to the matching point on the Smith chart, indicating optimal impedance matching. Therefore, the VSWR of the second antenna radiator 224 is minimum at 1176 MHz, reaching 1.15.

[0092] FIG7 is a schematic diagram showing the efficiency of the first antenna radiator 222. In FIG7 , the horizontal axis represents frequency (MHz) and the vertical axis represents efficiency (%). As can be seen from FIG7 , the efficiency of the first antenna radiator 222 in the L1 frequency band can reach 38%.

[0093] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram showing the efficiency of the second antenna radiator 224. In Figure 8 , the horizontal axis represents frequency (MHz) and the vertical axis represents efficiency (%). As can be seen from Figure 8 , the efficiency of the second antenna radiator 224 in the L5 frequency band can reach 32%.

[0094] Figure 9 shows a schematic diagram of the gain of the first antenna radiator 222. In Figure 9, the horizontal axis represents frequency (MHz) and the vertical axis represents gain (dB). As shown in Figure 9, the gain of the first antenna radiator 222 in the L1 frequency band can reach 1.3dB.

[0095] Figure 10 is a schematic diagram showing the gain of the second antenna radiator 224. In Figure 10 , the horizontal axis represents frequency (MHz) and the vertical axis represents gain (dB). As can be seen from Figure 10 , the gain of the second antenna radiator 224 in the L5 frequency band can reach 1.1 dB.

[0096] As can be seen from the above description, the above performance parameters of the first antenna radiator 222 and the second antenna radiator 224 all meet the use requirements.

[0097] The embodiment of the present application also provides a vehicle, and the vehicle in the embodiment of the present application is introduced below in conjunction with Figure 11.

[0098] As shown in FIG11 , a vehicle 1100 may include the positioning antenna assembly 200 described above. Alternatively, the vehicle 1100 may further include the positioning antenna assembly 300 or the positioning antenna assembly 400 .

[0099] In the embodiments of this application, the term "indication" may refer to a direct indication, an indirect indication, or an indication of an association. For example, "A indicates B" may refer to a direct indication of B, e.g., B can obtain information through A; it may refer to an indirect indication of B, e.g., A indicates C, e.g., B can obtain information through C; or it may refer to an association between A and B.

[0100] In the embodiment of the present application, "B corresponding to A" means that B is associated with A and B can be determined based on A. However, it should be understood that determining B based on A does not mean determining B based solely on A, but B can also be determined based on A and / or other information.

[0101] In the embodiments of the present application, the term "corresponding" may indicate a direct or indirect correspondence between the two, or an association relationship between the two, or a relationship between indication and indication, configuration and configuration, etc.

[0102] In the embodiments of this application, the term "and / or" is simply a description of the association relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone. In addition, the character " / " in this document generally indicates that the related objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0103] In various embodiments of the present application, the size of the serial numbers of the above-mentioned processes does not mean the order of execution. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of the present application.

[0104] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, devices and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device embodiments described above are merely schematic. For example, the division of the units is merely a logical function division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods, such as multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. Another point is that the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed can be through some interfaces, indirect coupling or communication connection of devices or units, which can be electrical, mechanical or other forms.

[0105] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present application, but the scope of protection of the present application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this application should be included in the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be based on the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. A positioning antenna assembly applied to a vehicle, characterized in that, Comprising: A vehicle body glass, including a first glass layer and a second glass layer; A positioning antenna, disposed between the first glass layer and the second glass layer; A vehicle body metal plate, disposed on a side of the second glass layer away from the positioning antenna.

2. The antenna assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, The vehicle body glass is a sunroof glass of the vehicle, and the vehicle body metal plate is a roof metal plate.

3. The antenna assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, Further comprising: A feed-through adapter plate, disposed outside a coverage area of the vehicle body glass and connected between the vehicle body metal plate and the positioning antenna.

4. The antenna assembly according to claim 3, characterized in that, An active circuit is provided on the feed-through adapter plate.

5. The antenna assembly according to claim 1, wherein The positioning antenna includes: A first antenna radiator, corresponding to the L1 frequency band; A second antenna radiator, corresponding to the L5 frequency band.

6. The antenna assembly according to claim 1, wherein The antenna radiator in the positioning antenna is a sheet-shaped radiator with chamfered corners.

7. The antenna assembly according to claim 1, wherein The positioning antenna is a film-shaped antenna.

8. The antenna assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, The positioning antenna is a circularly polarized antenna for satellite communication.

9. The antenna assembly according to claim 1, wherein The positioning antenna is a global navigation satellite system GNSS antenna.

10. A vehicle, characterized in that, Comprising the antenna assembly according to any one of claims 1-9.

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