Solid matter, optical member, method for producing solid matter, material for forming surfaces, surface formation method, spectacles, touch panel, smartphone, and tablet terminal

Abstract

The solid matter has a silicon oxide-containing layer and a polymer brush on the silicon oxide-containing layer, and is characterized in that: the polymer brush constitutes at least a part of a surface of the solid matter and has an alkyl group-containing segment having at least 14 and not more than 70 carbons; the alkyl group-containing segment is bonded to the silicon oxide via an oxygen atom; the solid matter has a polyolefin and the polyolefin is disposed on the polymer brush side when viewed from the silicon oxide-containing layer; the number of carbons in the polyolefin is at least 14 and not more than 70; and the value in the solid matter of the ratio, on a mass basis, of the polyolefin content to the alkyl group-containing segment content is at least 0.11 and not more than 4.00.

Description

Solid body, optical member, method for manufacturing solid body, surface forming material, surface forming method, eyeglasses, touch panel, smartphone, and tablet terminal

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a solid material having excellent scratch resistance and long-lasting antifouling properties, a method for producing the same, an optical element having the solid material, and eyeglasses, touch panels, smartphones, and tablet terminals having the optical element. The present disclosure also relates to a surface-forming material and a surface-forming method for forming a surface having excellent scratch resistance and long-lasting antifouling properties.

[0002] Optical components such as optical filters and eyeglass lenses, as well as products such as touch panels and smartphones, have an anti-fouling film formed on their outermost surface to prevent adhesion of dirt such as fingerprints, sebum, sweat, and cosmetics and to facilitate removal. Anti-fouling films are required to have excellent anti-fouling properties (water repellency and oil repellency) and scratch resistance, and organic fluorine-containing compounds (PFAS), such as perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorosulfonic acid (PFOS), are often used. However, PFAS is a substance that may have an impact on the environment and ecosystems, and various countries are currently considering regulating it. As a result, it may become impossible to use PFAS in anti-fouling films in the future. Therefore, there is a demand for anti-fouling films that do not contain PFAS.

[0003] As an antifouling film that does not contain PFAS, an antifouling coating agent containing a quaternary ammonium chloride of an amino-modified silicone compound and an aliphatic amine alkylene oxide adduct has been disclosed (Patent Document 1). Patent Document 1 discloses that a hard surface obtained using this antifouling coating agent has excellent properties in terms of antifouling properties.

[0004] On the other hand, it is generally known that a molecular organization (polymer brush) in which string-like polymers are grown on the surface of a material and structured like a toothbrush can result in a surface with excellent durability. Polymer brushes can be formed by applying a base layer with polymerization initiator functionality to the surface of the material and then polymerizing the base layer. Patent Document 2 discloses a polymer brush-forming substrate equipped with a polymerization initiator layer and a precursor liquid for producing the polymer brush-forming substrate.

[0005] JP 2012-241187 A International Publication No. 2019 / 131872

[0006] The inventors' investigations revealed that the silicone-based antifouling film disclosed in Patent Document 1 had excellent antifouling properties. However, it had poor scratch resistance, and scratches were formed when repeatedly wiping off stains, resulting in a decrease in antifouling properties over long periods of use. Patent Document 2 also discloses a substrate for forming polymer brushes equipped with a polymerization initiation layer and a precursor solution for producing the substrate. However, the inventors recognized that Patent Document 2 utilizes a polymerization reaction, making it difficult to control the molecular weight of the polymer brushes formed, and therefore difficult to control the structure of the polymer brushes. In addition, Patent Document 2 does not mention the scratch resistance or long-term antifouling properties of the formed polymer brushes. The solutions described in Patent Documents 1 and 2 are not sufficient in terms of achieving both scratch resistance and long-term antifouling properties in the antifouling film. Therefore, a surface that offers both excellent scratch resistance and long-term antifouling properties is desired.

[0007] The present disclosure provides a solid material having excellent scratch resistance and long-term stain resistance, a method for producing the same, optical components, eyeglasses, touch panels, smartphones, and tablet terminals, as well as a surface-forming material and a surface-forming method for forming a surface having excellent scratch resistance and long-term stain resistance.

[0008] The present disclosure provides a solid material having a silicon oxide-containing layer and a polymer brush on the silicon oxide-containing layer, wherein the polymer brush constitutes at least a portion of the surface of the solid material, the polymer brush has a moiety having an alkyl group having 14 to 70 carbon atoms, and the moiety having the alkyl group is bonded to the silicon oxide via an oxygen atom, the solid material also having a polyolefin, the polyolefin being disposed on the polymer brush side of the silicon oxide-containing layer, the polyolefin having 14 to 70 carbon atoms, and the ratio of the mass of the polyolefin content to the mass of the moiety having the alkyl group is 0.11 to 4.00. The present disclosure also provides an optical element having the above solid material. The present disclosure also provides eyeglasses having the above optical element. The present disclosure also provides a touch panel having the above optical element. The present disclosure also provides a smartphone having the above optical element. Furthermore, the tablet terminal of the present disclosure is a tablet terminal having the above-described optical member.

[0009] The present disclosure also provides a method for producing a solid material, the method comprising: a first vapor deposition step of vacuum-depositing a first vapor deposition material containing silicon oxide to form a layer containing the silicon oxide; and a second vapor deposition step of vacuum-depositing a second vapor deposition material containing: a first compound having a moiety with an alkyl group having from 14 to 70 carbon atoms and a hydroxyl group; and a second compound that is a polyolefin having from 14 to 70 carbon atoms, in this order, to form the polymer brush.

[0010] Furthermore, the surface-forming material of the present disclosure is a surface-forming material comprising a first compound having a moiety with an alkyl group having from 14 to 70 carbon atoms and a hydroxyl group, and a second compound which is a polyolefin having from 14 to 70 carbon atoms. Additionally, the surface-forming method of the present disclosure is a surface-forming method using a vacuum deposition method, comprising, in this order: a first deposition step of vacuum-depositing a first deposition material containing silicon oxide to form a layer containing silicon oxide, and a second deposition step of vacuum-depositing a second deposition material which includes: a first compound having a moiety with an alkyl group having from 14 to 70 carbon atoms and a hydroxyl group, and a second compound which is a polyolefin having from 14 to 70 carbon atoms.

[0011] According to the present disclosure, it is possible to provide a solid object having a surface that is both excellent in scratch resistance and long-term antifouling properties, a method for producing the same, an optical element, eyeglasses, a touch panel, a smartphone, and a tablet terminal. The present disclosure also provides a surface-forming material and a surface-forming method that form a surface that is both excellent in scratch resistance and long-term antifouling properties.

[0012] Schematic diagram showing the structure of a solid body of the present disclosure.

[0013] Preferred embodiments of the solid material and its manufacturing method, optical element, eyeglasses, smartphone, tablet device, surface-forming material, and surface-forming method according to the present disclosure are described below. The present disclosure is not limited to the following embodiments. In the present disclosure, the expressions "XX or more and YY or less" and "XX to YY" representing a numerical range refer to a numerical range including the lower and upper limits, which are the endpoints, unless otherwise specified. Furthermore, when a numerical range is described in stages, the upper and lower limits of each numerical range can be arbitrarily combined. In the present disclosure, a polymer brush refers to a structure in which string-like polymers are immobilized on the surface of a substrate, for example, a molecular organization in which string-like polymers are arranged on the surface of a substrate in a brush-like structure.

[0014] In the method for manufacturing a substrate for forming a polymer brush described in Patent Document 2, a monomer is applied to a substrate or a substrate is immersed in a monomer, and a polymerization reaction is carried out to form a polymer brush. When a polymer brush is formed by such a polymerization reaction, it is difficult to control the molecular weight of the polymer brush, and therefore it is thought that it is difficult to control the structure of the polymer brush. Therefore, it is speculated that the antifouling film described in Patent Document 2 does not necessarily have sufficient scratch resistance and long-term antifouling properties.

[0015] According to the present disclosure, the polymer brush has a moiety having an alkyl group with a specific carbon number, and the solid further contains a polyolefin with a specific carbon number at a specific ratio relative to the content of the alkyl group moiety on the polymer brush side relative to the silicon oxide-containing layer. This is believed to form a high-density, uniform brush-like molecular organization, resulting in a solid having a surface with excellent scratch resistance and long-term stain resistance. This is believed to be due to the polymer brush having a moiety having an alkyl group with a carbon number of 14 to 70, the polyolefin having a carbon number of 14 to 70, and the polymer brush having a structure similar to that of a polyolefin. When the polymer brush has a structure similar to that of a polyolefin, the affinity between the polymer brush and the polyolefin is enhanced. This is believed to facilitate the formation of a high-density, uniform brush-like molecular organization, resulting in better scratch resistance and long-term stain resistance.

[0016] Furthermore, according to the manufacturing method of the present disclosure, a polymer brush is formed by vacuum-depositing a deposition material including a first compound having a moiety with an alkyl group having a specific number of carbon atoms and a hydroxyl group, and a second compound that is a polyolefin. This facilitates control of the molecular length of the polymer brush, and for the reasons described above, it is believed that a high-density, uniform brush-like molecular organization is easily formed, making it possible to manufacture a solid object having a surface that is excellent in scratch resistance and long-term anti-fouling properties.

[0017] <Solid> A solid having a surface according to the present disclosure will now be described. The solid has a silicon oxide-containing layer, a polymer brush on the silicon oxide-containing layer, and a polyolefin. The polymer brush constitutes at least a portion of the surface of the solid. The polymer brush also has a moiety having an alkyl group having 14 to 70 carbon atoms. The moiety having an alkyl group having 14 to 70 carbon atoms is bonded to the silicon oxide via an oxygen atom. In addition, a polyolefin is disposed on the polymer brush side of the silicon oxide-containing layer. The polyolefin has 14 to 70 carbon atoms. Furthermore, in the solid, the mass ratio of the polyolefin content to the alkyl group content is 0.11 to 4.00. The shape of the polymer brush is not particularly limited, but examples include a configuration in which the polymer brush extends in a direction substantially perpendicular to the silicon oxide-containing layer.

[0018] The polymer brush has a moiety having an alkyl group having 14 to 70 carbon atoms. The number of carbon atoms in the alkyl group is preferably 16 to 60, more preferably 18 to 60, and even more preferably 18 to 40. The alkyl group may be linear or branched, but is preferably a linear alkyl group. The moiety having the alkyl group preferably has a linear aliphatic structure, more preferably a linear alkyl group. When the solid has such a structure and contains a polyolefin described below, a high-density, uniform brush-like molecular organization is formed, resulting in a solid having a surface with excellent scratch resistance and long-lasting stain resistance.

[0019] The alkyl group-containing moiety is represented by the general formula: ｎ H ２ｎ＋１]-. In the formula, n represents the number of carbon atoms in the alkyl group, and n is preferably in the range of 14 to 70, more preferably 16 to 60, even more preferably 18 to 60, and particularly preferably 18 to 40. When the number of carbon atoms in the alkyl group is within the above range and the solid contains a polyolefin described below, a high-density, uniform brush-like molecular structure is formed, resulting in a solid having a surface with excellent scratch resistance and long-lasting stain resistance. If the carbon number is less than 14, it is difficult to form a high-density, uniform brush-like molecular structure, resulting in decreased scratch resistance and stain resistance. On the other hand, if the carbon number exceeds 70, it is difficult to form a high-density, uniform brush-like molecular structure, resulting in decreased scratch resistance and stain resistance. The number of carbon atoms in the alkyl group can be adjusted by changing the type of the first compound having an alkyl group and a hydroxyl group.

[0020] The alkyl group-containing moiety may further include an oxyethylene group -(CH ２ ) ２ -O- and oxypropylene group -(CH(CH ３ ) CH ２ The moiety having the alkyl group and the oxyethylene group may be a group represented by the general formula: [C ｎ’ H ２ｎ’＋１ ]-O-[(CH ２ ) ２ O] ｍ-. In the formula, n' represents the number of carbon atoms in the alkyl group, and m represents the degree of polymerization of the oxyethylene group. In the moiety having an alkyl group and an oxyethylene group, n'+2m, which represents the total number of carbon atoms in the alkyl group and the oxyethylene group, is preferably in the range of 14 to 70, more preferably 16 to 60, even more preferably 18 to 60, and particularly preferably 18 to 40. The alkyl group may be linear or branched, but is preferably a linear alkyl group. Furthermore, the moiety having an alkyl group and an oxyethylene group is preferably a linear alkyl group having an oxyethylene group.

[0021] When the total number of carbon atoms in the alkyl group and the oxyethylene group is within the above range, a high-density, uniform brush-like molecular structure is formed, and a solid product having a surface with excellent scratch resistance and long-lasting stain resistance is likely to be obtained. If the carbon number is less than 14, it is difficult to form a high-density, uniform brush-like molecular structure, and scratch resistance and stain resistance are likely to decrease. On the other hand, if the carbon number exceeds 70, it is difficult to form a high-density, uniform brush-like molecular structure, and scratch resistance and stain resistance are likely to decrease.

[0022] The degree of polymerization of the oxyethylene group is not particularly limited, but may be 1-20, 1-15, or 1-10.

[0023] The number of carbon atoms in the alkyl group, the total number of carbon atoms in the oxyalkylene group, and the degree of polymerization of the oxyalkylene group can be adjusted by changing the type of the first compound having a moiety having an alkyl group and an oxyalkylene group and a hydroxyl group.

[0024] The arrangement of the polyolefin will be described below with reference to the drawings. The polyolefin 14 is arranged on the polymer brush 13 side of the silicon oxide-containing layer 12 ( FIG. 1 ). The arrangement of the polyolefin 14 is not particularly limited as long as it is arranged on the polymer brush 13 side of the silicon oxide-containing layer 12. For example, the polyolefin 14 may be arranged on the silicon oxide-containing layer 12 ( FIGS. 2A and 2C ), or may extend in a direction substantially perpendicular to the extension direction of the polymer brush 13, or may extend in a direction substantially parallel to the silicon oxide-containing layer 12 ( FIG. 2B ). More specifically, the polyolefin 14 on the silicon oxide-containing layer 12 may cover the silicon oxide-containing layer 12 ( FIG. 2C ), or may extend in a direction substantially parallel to the extension direction of the polymer brush 13 ( FIG. 2A ).

[0025] The polyolefin has a carbon number of 14 or more and 70 or less. The polyolefin preferably has a carbon number of 16 or more and 60 or less, more preferably 18 or more and 60 or less, and even more preferably 18 or more and 40 or less. The polyolefin may be linear or branched, but is preferably a linear polyolefin. Examples of polyolefins include polyethylene and polypropylene, with polyethylene being preferred. When the polyolefin is disposed on the polymer brush side of the silicon oxide-containing layer and has such a structure, a high-density, uniform brush-like molecular structure is formed for the reasons described above, resulting in a solid having a surface with excellent scratch resistance and long-lasting stain resistance. When the polyolefin has a carbon number of less than 14, it becomes difficult to form a high-density, uniform brush-like molecular structure, resulting in reduced scratch resistance and stain resistance. When the polyolefin has a carbon number of more than 70, it becomes difficult to form a high-density, uniform brush-like molecular structure, resulting in reduced scratch resistance and stain resistance.

[0026] Polyolefins are those having the general formula: -[C ｍ H ２ｍIn the formula, m is preferably in the range of 12 or more and 68 or less, more preferably 14 or more and 58 or less, even more preferably 16 or more and 58 or less, and particularly preferably 16 or more and 38 or less.

[0027] In the solid material of the present disclosure, the mass ratio of the polyolefin content to the alkyl group moiety is 0.11 or more and 4.00 or less. Preferably, it is 0.25 or more and 4.00 or less, and more preferably 0.25 or more and 1.50 or less. By being in the above range, scratch resistance can be improved. The mass ratio of the polyolefin content to the alkyl group moiety is measured by the following method. A substrate having a coated solid material is dissolved using an alkaline aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide (1 mol / L, 100 g), and then the component corresponding to the alkyl group moiety and the polyolefin are extracted using tetrahydrofuran. The component corresponding to the alkyl group moiety is alcohol (component A described below). Then, the component corresponding to the alkyl group moiety and the polyolefin are separated from the extract using high performance liquid chromatography under the following conditions, and each is quantified. When the mass of the component corresponding to the alkyl group-containing moiety quantified here is defined as M1 and the mass of the polyolefin is defined as M2, M2 / M1 represents the mass-based ratio of the polyolefin content to the alkyl group-containing moiety content in the solid material.

[0028] M2 / M1 can be adjusted by the mass ratio of the content of the second compound, which is a polyolefin, to the content of the first compound, which has a moiety having an alkyl group and a hydroxyl group, in the surface-forming material.

[0029] (High-Performance Liquid Chromatography Conditions) An example of quantification using high-performance liquid chromatography is given below. A preparative high-performance liquid chromatography system is equipped with an InertSustain C18 preparative column manufactured by GL Sciences, and tetrahydrofuran is used as the developing solvent. The injection amount, flow rate, and number of recycles until separation are adjusted for each target to be separated.

[0030] In the layer containing silicon oxide, the silicon oxide is SiO ｘ (x is, for example, 1 to 2), and compounds represented by the formula: ２ ・Al ２ O ３ SiO in complex inorganic oxides such as ２ Here, the silicon oxide-containing layer is bonded to the alkyl group-containing moiety forming the polymer brush via an oxygen atom. That is, the alkyl group-containing moiety is bonded to the silicon oxide via an oxygen atom. This improves the durability of the polymer brush and the scratch resistance of the solid material. Here, the bonding is a covalent bond. The bonding via an oxygen atom may be a direct bond between the alkyl group-containing moiety forming the polymer brush and the silicon oxide-containing layer, or an indirect bond via another linking group. Furthermore, the silicon oxide-containing layer can form active sites in the silicon oxide contained in the layer. As a result, the alkyl group-containing moiety in the polymer brush is more likely to bond to the silicon oxide via an oxygen atom. That is, the polymer brush is more likely to be formed on the surface of the solid material. Methods for forming such active sites include forming a silicon oxide-containing layer using the first vapor deposition process described below, and modifying the surface of the substrate by irradiating it with ultraviolet light, plasma, or ion beams. Compounds that can be contained in the silicon oxide-containing layer include SiO ２ (silicon dioxide), Al ２ O ３ Added SiO ２(alumina-added silicon dioxide), etc. However, the silicon oxide-containing compound is not limited to these. In addition, the silicon oxide-containing layer may be formed of ITO (indium tin oxide), TiO ２ The inorganic oxide may be a composite oxide.

[0031] In the solid material of the present disclosure, the polymer brush preferably further contains a moiety having a dimethylsilicone chain with a silicon number of 3 or more and 110 or less. By containing a moiety having a dimethylsilicone chain, it is possible to further improve water repellency and oil repellency (stain resistance). The moiety having a dimethylsilicone chain is represented by the general formula: -[Si(CH ３ ) ２ O] ｉ - is a moiety having a structure represented by the symbol i. In the formula, i represents the degree of polymerization of the dimethylsilicone chain, i.e., the number of silicon atoms in the dimethylsilicone chain. The preferred range for i is 3 or more and 110 or less, more preferably 3 or more and 100 or less, and even more preferably 3 or more and 50 or less.

[0032] The moiety having a dimethylsilicone chain may further have an alkylene group such as a methylene group or an ethylene group. The number of carbon atoms in the alkylene group is not particularly limited, but may be, for example, 1 to 6, 1 to 3, or 1 to 2. By having the moiety having a dimethylsilicone chain further have an alkylene group, it is possible to adjust the water repellency and lipophilicity.

[0033] The molecular weight of the moiety having a dimethylsilicone chain is preferably 200 or more and 8000 or less, more preferably 240 or more and 7600 or less, and even more preferably 300 or more and 7600 or less. It may also be 300 or more and 8000 or less. Having a molecular weight within the above range makes it possible to further enhance the water repellency and lipophilicity of the dimethylsilicone chain. By changing the moiety having a dimethylsilicone chain and the type of third compound having a reactive functional group, it is possible to adjust the number of silicon atoms in the dimethylsilicone chain, to allow the moiety having a dimethylsilicone chain to have an alkylene group, and to adjust the molecular weight of the moiety having a dimethylsilicone chain.

[0034] In the solid material of the present disclosure, the mass ratio of the dimethylsilicone chain-containing moiety to the alkyl group-containing moiety in the polymer brush and the polyolefin is determined by measuring the surface of the solid material using a micro-Raman spectrometer, and the sum of the peak intensity derived from the alkyl group-containing moiety and the peak intensity derived from the polyolefin is expressed as P Ａ and the peak intensity derived from the portion having the dimethyl silicone chain is P Ｂ When this is done, P Ｂ / P Ａ It is expressed as: P Ｂ / P Ａ is preferably 0.0 or more and 1.1 or less, more preferably 0.1 or more and 1.0 or less, and even more preferably 0.1 or more and 0.5 or less. By being in the above range, scratch resistance can be made more excellent. Ｂ / P Ａ may be 0.3 or more and 0.7 or less, and within this range, the solid matter can have better antifouling properties. Ｂ / P Ａ can be adjusted by the mass ratio of the content of the third compound having a moiety having a dimethylsilicone chain and a reactive functional group to the total content of the first compound having a moiety having an alkyl group and a hydroxyl group and the content of the second compound which is a polyolefin in the surface-forming material.

[0035] P Ｂ / P Ａ can be determined by the following method. The area on the surface of the solid to be measured with a micro-Raman spectrometer is determined. The area is determined by the magnification of the objective lens attached to the device, the wavelength of the excitation laser, and the aperture diameter. Hereinafter, the determined area will also be referred to as the measurement area. Next, the measurement area is irradiated with excitation laser light, and the scattered light generated is measured to obtain a peak. The measurement conditions are as follows: - Measurement device: Micro-Raman spectrometer manufactured by Thermo Fisher Scientific - Objective lens magnification: 10x - Excitation laser wavelength: 532 nm - Aperture diameter: 25 μm - Measurement area: 2 μm Of the peaks in the obtained Raman spectrum, the peak derived from a C-C bond is considered to be a peak derived from a moiety having an alkyl group or a peak derived from polyolefin, and the peak intensity of the peak is determined as P Ａ Furthermore, among the peaks in the obtained Raman spectrum, the peak derived from the Si—C bond is regarded as the peak derived from the part having the dimethyl silicone chain, and the peak intensity of this peak is expressed as P Ｂ The obtained P Ａ and P Ｂ From P Ｂ / P Ａ Calculate.

[0036] The solid material according to the present disclosure may have any material other than the polymer brush and polyolefin on the silicon oxide-containing layer, as long as the scratch resistance effect of the present disclosure is not impaired. The total content of the polymer brush and polyolefin in the total amount of materials constituting the silicon oxide-containing layer is preferably 80% by mass or more, more preferably 90% by mass or more, even more preferably 95% by mass or more, and particularly preferably 100% by mass. The upper limit is not particularly limited, but examples include 80 to 100% by mass, 90 to 100% by mass, and 95 to 100% by mass.

[0037] <Method for Producing Solid Material> Next, a method for producing a solid material according to the present disclosure will be described. The method for producing a solid material includes, in this order, a first vapor deposition step of vacuum-depositing a first vapor deposition material containing silicon oxide to form a layer containing the silicon oxide, and a second vapor deposition step of vacuum-depositing a second vapor deposition material containing a first compound having a moiety with an alkyl group having from 14 to 70 carbon atoms and a hydroxyl group, and a second compound that is a polyolefin having from 14 to 70 carbon atoms.

[0038] In the first vapor deposition step, a first vapor deposition material containing silicon oxide is vacuum-deposited to form a layer containing silicon oxide. By performing such a first vapor deposition step, the layer containing silicon oxide can be used as a base layer. Furthermore, by forming a layer containing silicon oxide through the first vapor deposition step, active sites can be formed in the silicon oxide contained in the layer. Known materials can be used as the substrate for vacuum vapor deposition. The first vapor deposition material is not particularly limited as long as it contains silicon oxide, but examples thereof include SiO ２ and Al ２ O ３ Added SiO ２ The first deposition material may further include Al ２ O ３ , ITO, TiO ２ The silicon oxide may contain inorganic oxides such as SiO ｘ (x is, for example, 1 to 2), and compounds represented by the formula: ２ ・Al ２ O ３ SiO in complex inorganic oxides such as ２ The conditions for the vacuum deposition in the first deposition step are not particularly limited, and known conditions can be used.

[0039] In the second vapor deposition step, a second vapor deposition material is vacuum-deposited to form a polymer brush. The second vapor deposition material includes a first compound having a moiety with an alkyl group having 14 to 70 carbon atoms and a hydroxyl group, and a second compound that is a polyolefin having 14 to 70 carbon atoms. By performing this second vapor deposition step after the first vapor deposition step, a polymer brush can be formed on the silicon oxide-containing layer. Furthermore, the moiety with an alkyl group having 14 to 70 carbon atoms contained in the polymer brush can bond to the silicon oxide contained in the silicon oxide-containing layer via an oxygen atom. This oxygen atom is presumably derived from the hydroxyl group contained in the first compound. Here, the bonding is by covalent bonding. Additionally, the second vapor deposition step positions the polyolefin on the polymer brush side relative to the silicon oxide-containing layer. That is, the solid preferably includes a vapor deposition of the first compound and a vapor deposition of the second compound.

[0040] The first compound having a moiety having an alkyl group and a hydroxyl group, which is contained in the second vapor deposition material, is not particularly limited, but examples thereof include linear aliphatic alcohols and aliphatic alcohols having a branched structure, and is represented by the general formula: [C ｎ H ２ｎ＋１ ]-OH. The hydroxyl group in the formula may be located at the terminal or inside of the alkyl group, but is preferably located at the terminal. The first compound has a hydroxyl group, which allows it to bond with the silicon oxide contained in the silicon oxide-containing layer. In the formula, n represents the number of carbon atoms in the alkyl group, and n preferably ranges from 14 to 70, more preferably from 16 to 60, even more preferably from 18 to 60, and particularly preferably from 18 to 40. Specific examples of the first compound having an alkyl group moiety and a hydroxyl group include compounds A-1, A-2, A-3, A-4, and A-6 shown in Table 1.

[0041] The polyolefin having 14 to 70 carbon atoms contained in the second vapor deposition material is not particularly limited, but examples thereof include linear polyolefins and polyolefins having a branched structure. Among these, linear polyethylene is preferred. The number of carbon atoms of the polyolefin is preferably 16 to 60, more preferably 18 to 60, and even more preferably 18 to 40. Specific examples of polyolefins that are the second compounds include compounds A'-1, A'-2, and A'-3, and commercially available products include POLYWAX polyethylene manufactured by NuCeraSolutions and Hiwax manufactured by Mitsui Chemicals, Inc.

[0042] In the method for producing the solid material, the first compound may be a linear alcohol alkoxylate or an alcohol alkoxylate having a branched structure, and may be represented by the general formula: [C ｎ’ H ２ｎ’＋１ ]-O-[(CH ２ ) ２ O] ｍ A linear alcohol ethoxylate represented by -H is preferred. The alkoxylate has a terminal hydroxyl group, which allows it to bond with the silicon oxide contained in the silicon oxide-containing layer. n' in the formula indicates the number of carbon atoms in the alkyl group, and m in the formula indicates the degree of polymerization of the oxyethylene group. The total number of carbon atoms in the linear alcohol ethoxylate, n' + 2m, is preferably in the range of 14 to 70, more preferably 16 to 60, even more preferably 18 to 60, and particularly preferably 18 to 40. The degree of polymerization of the oxyethylene group is not particularly limited, but may be 1 to 20, 1 to 15, or 1 to 10. Specific examples of linear alcohol alkoxylates include compounds A-11, A-12, A-13, and A-14 shown in Table 1.

[0043] In the method for producing a solid material, only one type of first compound may be used, or two or more types of compounds may be used in combination. That is, the first compound may be at least one selected from the group consisting of linear aliphatic alcohols, aliphatic alcohols having a branched structure, linear alcohol alkoxylates, and alcohol alkoxylates having a branched structure. For example, linear aliphatic alcohols include 1-tetradecanol, 1-stearyl alcohol, 1-icosanol, 1-docosanol, 1-triacontanol, 1-hexacontanol, and 1-heptacontanol, and linear alcohol ethoxylates include ethylene glycol monohexadecyl ether, ethylene glycol monooctadecyl ether, ethylene glycol monooctacosyl ether, and decaethylene glycol tetracontyl ether.

[0044] In the method for producing a solid material, the second compound may be used alone or in combination of two or more compounds. That is, the second compound may be at least one selected from the group consisting of linear polyolefins and polyolefins having a branched structure. For example, the linear polyolefin may be high-density polyethylene (HDPE), and the branched polyolefin may be low-density polyethylene (LDPE).

[0045] In the second vapor deposition material, the mass ratio of the content of the second compound to the content of the first compound is preferably 0.11 or more and 4.00 or less, more preferably 0.25 or more and 4.00 or less, and even more preferably 0.25 or more and 1.50 or less. The second vapor deposition material can be any combination of the first compound and the second compound. For example, specific examples of the second vapor deposition material include a mixture of A-1 and A'-1, a mixture of A-2 and A'-2, a mixture of A-11 and A'-1, and a mixture of A-12 and A'-2, but the second vapor deposition material is not limited thereto. Specific examples of the second vapor deposition material include commercially available products such as UNILIN alcohol and UNITHOX ethoxylate manufactured by NuCeraSolutions.

[0046] In the method for producing a solid material, the second vapor deposition material may further contain, in addition to the first compound and the second compound, a third compound having a moiety with a dimethylsilicone chain and a reactive functional group. The second compound having a moiety with a dimethylsilicone chain and a reactive functional group is not particularly limited, but may be a compound represented by the general formula: R-[Si(CH ３ ) ２ O] ｉ Preferably, the compound has a structure represented by -R'. In the formula, i represents the degree of polymerization of the dimethylsilicone chain, i.e., the number of silicon atoms in the dimethylsilicone chain. The preferred range for i is 3 or more and 110 or less, more preferably 3 or more and 100 or less, and even more preferably 3 or more and 50 or less. At least one selected from the group consisting of R and R' in the formula is a reactive functional group capable of bonding to the silicon oxide-containing layer via an oxygen atom. Here, this oxygen atom is presumed to be derived from the reactive functional group contained in the third compound. That is, the reactive functional group is not limited as long as it can bond to silicon oxide, but examples include alkoxy groups such as methoxy and ethoxy groups, and hydroxyl groups. Of these, methoxy groups are preferred. When at least one selected from the group consisting of R and R' is a reactive functional group capable of bonding to the silicon oxide-containing layer via an oxygen atom, the third compound can bond to the silicon oxide contained in the silicon oxide-containing layer. Here, the bonding mode is a covalent bond.

[0047] Among the group consisting of R and R', the functional group that is not a reactive functional group is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include alkyl groups such as methyl groups and ethyl groups, hydrogen, etc. Among these, the methyl group is preferred.

[0048] The method for producing a solid material may include a third vapor deposition step of vapor depositing a third compound before or after the second vapor deposition step.

[0049] The molecular weight of the third compound is preferably 200 or more and 8000 or less, more preferably 240 or more and 7600 or less, and even more preferably 300 or more and 7600 or less. It may also be 300 or more and 8000 or less. Specific examples of the third compound include compounds B-1, B-2, and B-3 shown in Table 1.

[0050] In the second deposition material, the mass ratio of the content of the third compound to the total content of the first compound and the second compound is preferably 0.0 or more and 1.1 or less, more preferably 0.1 or more and 1.0 or less, and even more preferably 0.1 or more and 0.5 or less. The mass ratio of the content of the third compound to the total content of the first compound and the second compound may be 0.3 to 0.7, and by setting it in the above range, P Ｂ / P Ａ It becomes easier to keep the value within the above range.

[0051] As the third compound, a compound having a moiety having a dimethyl silicone chain and a reactive functional group, and dimethylpolysiloxane may be used in combination.

[0052] <Surface Forming Method> Next, a surface forming method according to the present disclosure will be described. The surface forming method is a surface forming method using a vacuum deposition method. The surface forming method includes, in this order, a first deposition step of vacuum-depositing a first deposition material containing silicon oxide to form a layer containing silicon oxide, and a second deposition step of vacuum-depositing a second deposition material including a first compound having a moiety with an alkyl group having from 14 to 70 carbon atoms and a hydroxyl group, and a second compound that is a polyolefin having from 14 to 70 carbon atoms.

[0053] In the first vapor deposition step, a first vapor deposition material containing silicon oxide is vacuum-deposited to form a layer containing silicon oxide. By carrying out such a first vapor deposition step, a layer containing silicon oxide can be formed. Furthermore, by forming a layer containing silicon oxide through the first vapor deposition step, active sites can be formed in the silicon oxide contained in the layer. Known materials can be used as the substrate for vacuum vapor deposition. The first vapor deposition material is not particularly limited as long as it contains silicon oxide, but examples thereof include SiO ２ and Al ２ O ３ Added SiO ２ The first deposition material may further include Al ２ O ３ , ITO, TiO ２ The silicon oxide may contain inorganic oxides such as SiO ｘ (x is, for example, 1 to 2), and compounds represented by the formula: ２ ・Al ２ O ３ SiO in complex inorganic oxides such as ２ The conditions for the vacuum deposition in the first deposition step are not particularly limited, and known conditions can be used.

[0054] In the second vapor deposition step of the surface formation method, a second vapor deposition material is vacuum-deposited, the second vapor deposition material including a first compound having a moiety with an alkyl group having 14 to 70 carbon atoms and a hydroxyl group, and a second compound that is a polyolefin having 14 to 70 carbon atoms. By performing such a second vapor deposition step after the first vapor deposition step, the resulting solid surface has excellent scratch resistance and long-term antifouling properties. That is, the solid preferably has a surface formed by the surface formation method of the present disclosure. Examples of the first compound include the first compounds described in the section on the method for manufacturing a solid. Examples of the second compound include the second compounds described in the section on the method for manufacturing a solid. In the second vapor deposition material, the mass ratio of the content of the second compound to the content of the first compound is preferably 0.11 to 4.00, more preferably 0.25 to 4.00, and even more preferably 0.11 to 1.50. By setting the ratio within the above range, the resulting solid surface has even better scratch resistance.

[0055] In the surface formation method, the second vapor deposition material may contain, in addition to the first compound and the second compound, a third compound having a moiety having a dimethylsilicone chain and a reactive functional group. The third compound may be any of the third compounds described in the solid material manufacturing method section. The surface formation method may also include a third vapor deposition step in which the third compound is vapor deposited before or after the second vapor deposition step. By vapor-depositing the second compound, the resulting solid material surface has better water repellency and oil repellency (fouling resistance).

[0056] In the third vapor deposition material, the mass ratio of the content of the third compound to the sum of the content of the first compound and the content of the second compound is preferably 0.0 or more and 1.1 or less, more preferably 0.1 or more and 1.0 or less, and even more preferably 0.1 or more and 0.5 or less. By setting it within the above range, the obtained solid surface will have better scratch resistance. Furthermore, the mass ratio of the content of the third compound to the sum of the content of the first compound and the content of the second compound may be 0.3 or more and 0.7 or less, and within this range, the obtained solid surface will have better antifouling properties.

[0057] <Surface-Forming Material> Next, the surface-forming material according to the present disclosure will be described. The surface-forming material includes a first compound having a moiety having an alkyl group having from 14 to 70 carbon atoms and a hydroxyl group, and a second compound which is a polyolefin having from 14 to 70 carbon atoms. As the first compound, the first compound described in the section on the method for producing a solid material can be used. As the second compound, the second compound described in the section on the method for producing a solid material can be used. By including the first compound and the second compound in the surface-forming material, the surface obtained by surface-treating a substrate using the surface-forming material has both excellent scratch resistance and long-term antifouling properties. The surface-forming material can be used as the second vapor deposition material in the section on the method for producing a solid material or the surface-forming method.

[0058] In the surface-forming material, the mass ratio of the content of the second compound to the content of the first compound is preferably 0.11 or more and 4.00 or less, more preferably 0.25 or more and 4.00 or less, and even more preferably 0.25 or more and 1.50 or less. By setting the ratio within the above range, the surface obtained by performing surface treatment on a substrate using the surface-forming material will have excellent both scratch resistance and long-term antifouling properties.

[0059] The surface-forming material may contain a third compound having a moiety having a dimethyl silicone chain and a reactive functional group. The third compound may be any of the third compounds described in the section on the method for producing a solid material. By including the third compound in the surface-forming material, the surface obtained by treating a substrate with the surface-forming material will have better water repellency and oil repellency (fouling resistance).

[0060] In the surface-forming material, the mass ratio of the content of the third compound to the sum of the content of the first compound and the content of the second compound is preferably 0.0 or more and 1.1 or less, more preferably 0.1 or more and 1.0 or less, and even more preferably 0.1 or more and 0.5 or less. By setting it within the above range, the surface obtained by surface-treating a substrate using the surface-forming material will have better scratch resistance. Furthermore, the mass ratio of the content of the third compound to the sum of the content of the first compound and the content of the second compound may be 0.3 or more and 0.7 or less, and within this range, the surface obtained by surface-treating a substrate using the surface-forming material will have better antifouling properties.

[0061] Optical Members Optical members are optical members containing the solid material of the present disclosure, and examples of optical members include optical filters, optical lenses, eyeglass lenses, photographic lenses, display cover glasses, and various films.

[0062] <Eyeglasses> Eyeglasses are glasses having the optical element of the present disclosure. Eyeglasses encompass all devices worn around the eyes, and are not limited to ordinary eyeglasses for vision correction, but also include fashion glasses, protective goggles, head-mounted displays, sunglasses, smart glasses, and the like.

[0063] <Touch Panel> The touch panel is a touch panel having the optical member of the present disclosure. The touch panel according to the present disclosure is used in devices having touch panels in general. Examples of devices having touch panels include smartphones and tablet terminals. That is, the smartphone has the optical member of the present disclosure. Furthermore, the tablet terminal has the optical member of the present disclosure.

[0064] The analytical method of the present disclosure is described below. <Method for confirming that a moiety having an alkyl group is bonded to silicon oxide via an oxygen atom> Whether a moiety having an alkyl group is bonded to silicon oxide via an oxygen atom can be confirmed by the following procedure. A first vapor deposition material containing silicon oxide is vacuum-deposited on each of substrate A made of borosilicate glass and substrate B made of borosilicate glass, to form a layer containing silicon oxide. By forming a layer containing silicon oxide through this first vapor deposition process, active sites can be formed in the silicon oxide contained in the layer. Thereafter, while maintaining the vacuum state after the formation of the layer containing silicon oxide, substrate A is vacuum-deposited with a second vapor deposition material, thereby obtaining a solid material of the present disclosure. After the formation of the layer containing silicon oxide, substrate B is removed from the vacuum deposition apparatus and exposed to air at atmospheric pressure, thereby performing a treatment to eliminate the active sites of the silicon oxide contained in the layer, and then vacuum-deposits the second vapor deposition material.

[0065] Substrates A and B, on which the second deposition material was vacuum-deposited, were heated in a vacuum. The temperatures at which alkyl-containing moieties were detected using a mass spectrometer (product name: infiTOF-DUO, manufactured by Nippon Kanomax Co., Ltd.) were compared, confirming that the alkyl-containing moieties were bonded to silicon oxide via oxygen atoms. Because the alkyl-containing moieties were bonded to silicon oxide via oxygen atoms in substrate A, the temperature at which the alkyl-containing moieties were detected was higher than in substrate B. The measurement conditions were as follows: temperature range: room temperature to 1000°C; heating rate: 10°C / min; atmosphere: reduced pressure (5×10-7 Pa or less); and mass measurement range: m / z 1 to 1000. Furthermore, the fact that the alkyl-containing moieties were bonded to silicon oxide via oxygen atoms using the above method indicates that the solid had polymer brushes on the silicon oxide-containing layer.

[0066] 1 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of a solid material according to a first embodiment of the present disclosure, illustrating an example of the configuration of a solid material in which a silicon oxide-containing layer 12 is formed on a substrate 11, a polymer brush 13 is formed on the silicon oxide-containing layer 12, and a polyolefin 14 is disposed on the polymer brush 13 side as viewed from the silicon oxide-containing layer 12. Note that Fig. 1 is a schematic representation of a configuration having a polymer brush, and does not represent the actual thicknesses of the substrate 11, the silicon oxide-containing layer 12, the polymer brush 13, and the polyolefin 14 to accurate proportions.

[0067] (Substrate 11) The substrate 11 may be a solid material capable of forming the silicon oxide-containing layer 12, the polymer brush 13, and the polyolefin 14, and examples thereof include glass, ceramics, resin, or a film made of metal, glass, resin, etc. When using the above-described material as the substrate for the optical element having a solid material of the present disclosure, the substrate is preferably capable of transmitting visible light or light of a specific wavelength. The thickness of the substrate is not particularly limited and can be appropriately set depending on the application.

[0068] (Silicon oxide-containing layer 12) The silicon oxide-containing layer 12 is the silicon oxide-containing layer of the present disclosure. There are no particular restrictions on the thickness of the silicon oxide-containing layer 12, and examples thereof include 2 nm to 50 nm and 4 nm to 20 nm.

[0069] (Polymer Brush 13) The polymer brush 13 is a polymer brush on a layer containing silicon oxide according to the present disclosure. The thickness of the polymer brush 13 is preferably 1 nm to 50 nm, more preferably 1 nm to 10 nm, and even more preferably 1 to 5 nm. By having the thickness within the above range, a solid product having excellent scratch resistance and long-term antifouling properties is easily obtained.

[0070] (Polyolefin 14) The polyolefin 14 is disposed on the polymer brush 13 side of the silicon oxide-containing layer of the present disclosure. The thickness of the polyolefin is preferably 1 nm to 50 nm, more preferably 1 nm to 10 nm, and even more preferably 1 to 5 nm. By having the thickness within the above range, a solid product having excellent scratch resistance and long-lasting antifouling properties is easily obtained.

[0071] The present disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to examples, but the present disclosure is not limited to the following examples.

[0072] Example 1 (Preparation of Surface-Forming Material) Table 2 shows combinations of component A (first compound) and component A' (second compound), the mass ratio of component A' to component A, and combinations of component B (third compound), and the mass ratio of component B to the total mass of components A and A'. Table 1 shows the structures of substances corresponding to the symbols in Table 2. In Example 1, 20 mg of 1-triacontanol (manufactured by Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., product name: 1-Triacontanol), which is A-3 in Table 1, was used as component A, and 5 mg of polyethylene (A'-2) with a median carbon number of 30 was used as component A'. These surface-forming materials were placed in a metal container (Production Example 1). Here, the median carbon number is a value determined from the weight-average molecular weight of the polymer.

[0073] (Preparation of a layer containing silicon oxide) SiO ２ (Canon Optron Inc., product name: SiO2-E-1-2) was used as the first deposition material, and SiO was deposited on a 3 mm thick borosilicate glass substrate 11. ２ A 10 nm thick silicon oxide-containing layer 12 was formed by vapor deposition using a vacuum vapor deposition apparatus (dome diameter Φ 900 mm, deposition distance 890 mm). The thickness of the silicon oxide-containing layer 12 was measured using a spectroscopic ellipsometry (JA WOOLLAM - ESM300) and was found to be 10 nm.

[0074] (Preparation of Polymer Brushes) Using the surface-forming material of Production Example 1 as a second deposition material, polymer brushes 13 and polyolefin 14 were formed on a silicon oxide-containing layer 12 by deposition using a vacuum deposition apparatus (dome diameter Φ 900 mm, deposition distance 890 mm), thereby obtaining an optical component. The thicknesses of the polymer brushes 13 and polyolefin 14 were measured using a spectroscopic ellipsometer (JA WOOLLAM - ESM300) and found to be 3 nm.

[0075] (Evaluation of Scratch Resistance) The scratch resistance of the surface of the prepared optical member was evaluated according to the following method. First, the water contact angle of the surface of the prepared optical member was measured according to the method described below. ２ A friction test was conducted using steel wool (manufactured by Japan Steel Wool Co., Ltd., grade #0000, wire diameter: approximately 0.012 mm) cut into strips. The steel wool was brought into contact with the surface of the optical component and reciprocated. The applied load was adjusted to 9.8 kgf, and the friction was performed at a reciprocating speed of 60 reciprocations per minute and a travel distance of 15 mm. The friction was repeated 1,000 times. The water contact angle was then measured. The water contact angle is the angle between the solid surface and the tangent to the water droplet surface at the point where the solid and the water droplet come into contact. Here, the smaller the difference in water contact angle before and after friction, the fewer scratches there are on the surface. In other words, the smaller the difference in water contact angle before and after friction, the higher the scratch resistance. Furthermore, if the difference in water contact angle before and after friction is small and the evaluation of antifouling property, described below, is good, it can be determined that the material has excellent long-term antifouling properties.

[0076] The water contact angle was measured using a contact angle meter (CA-X150, manufactured by Kyowa Interface Science Co., Ltd.). The specific measurement procedure is as follows: 2.5 μL of ion-exchanged water was dropped onto the surface of the optical component. From an image obtained 5 seconds after the drop, the angle formed by the tangent to the water droplet surface at the point where the water droplet and the surface of the optical component came into contact with each other and the surface of the optical component was measured. The evaluation results of scratch resistance are shown in Table 4.

[0077] (Evaluation of Antifouling Properties) The surfaces of the prepared optical components were evaluated for their antifouling properties according to the following method. The degree of repulsion of highlighter ink and ease of wiping were used as evaluation indices for antifouling properties, and evaluation was performed based on the following criteria. The results are shown in Table 4. (Evaluation Criteria) A: After the pen tip was attached to the surface, the ink was repelled into balls within 5 seconds, and all of the ink could be wiped off with clint paper. B: After the pen tip was attached to the surface, the ink was not repelled even after 5 seconds, and all of the ink could be wiped off by rubbing with clint paper. C: After the pen tip was attached to the surface, the ink was not repelled even after 5 seconds, and it could not be wiped off by rubbing with clint paper.

[0078] Examples 2 to 27 Surface-forming materials were prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, designated as Production Examples 2 to 27, except that the compounds listed in Table 1 as component A and component B were used in the combinations, mass ratios of component A' to component A, and mass ratios of component B to the total mass of components A and A' listed in Table 2. The following compounds were used as component A'. A'-1: Polyethylene with a lower carbon number limit of 14, an upper carbon number limit of 60, and a median carbon number of 20 A'-2: Polyethylene with a lower carbon number limit of 14, an upper carbon number limit of 70, and a median carbon number of 30 A'-3: Polyethylene with a lower carbon number limit of 20, an upper carbon number limit of 70, and a median carbon number of 60 A'-4: Polyethylene with a upper carbon number limit of 12 and a median carbon number of 8 A'-5: Polyethylene with a lower carbon number limit of 80 and a median carbon number of 100

[0079] Optical members were obtained using the resulting Production Examples 2 to 27. Furthermore, evaluations of scratch resistance and antifouling properties were performed in the same manner as in Example 1. The results are shown in Table 4. The mass-based ratio of the polyolefin content to the alkyl group-containing moiety content in the resulting solid was measured using high-performance liquid chromatography as described above, and was found to be consistent with the mass ratio of component A' to component A in the surface-forming material. Furthermore, the composition ratio of component B to the total mass of components A and A' in the resulting solid was measured using a micro-Raman spectrometer, and was found to be consistent with the mass ratio of component B to the total mass of components A and A' in the surface-forming material.

[0080] [Examples 28 to 36] Surface-forming materials were prepared as in Example 1, as Production Examples 28 to 36, except that the compounds shown in Table 3 were used as the second vapor deposition material in the combinations and mass ratios of Component B shown in Table 3. Optical members were obtained using the obtained Production Examples 28 to 36. In addition, evaluations of scratch resistance and antifouling properties were performed in the same manner as in Example 1. The results are shown in Table 4.

[0081] Example 37 10 mg of 1-tetradecanol (manufactured by Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., product name: 1-Tetradecanol) and 10 mg of 1-docosanol (manufactured by Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., product name: 1-Docosanol) as Component A, and 5 mg of polyethylene (A'-2) having a median carbon number of 30 as Component A' were used as surface forming materials and charged into a metal container to prepare Production Example 37. An optical member obtained using the obtained Production Example 37 was obtained. Furthermore, evaluation of scratch resistance and antifouling properties was performed in the same manner as in Example 1. The results are shown in Table 4.

[0082] [Example 38] SiO as the first deposition material ２ (Canon Optron Inc., product name: SiO2-E-1-2) and Al ２ O ３ An optical member was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that Al2O3-A-1-2 (manufactured by Canon Optron Inc.) was used. ２ O ３ The mass ratio of SiO ２The weight ratio was adjusted to 0.01 relative to the mass of the sample. Furthermore, scratch resistance and stain resistance were evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1. The results are shown in Table 4.

[0083] [Comparative Examples 1 to 8] Surface-forming materials were prepared as in Example 1, and designated Comparative Production Examples 1 to 8, in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the compounds listed in Table 1 as Component A and Component B were used in the combinations, mass ratios of Component A' to Component A, and mass ratios of Component B to the total mass of Component A and Component A' were used as listed in Table 2. Optical members were obtained using the obtained Comparative Production Examples 1 to 8. Furthermore, evaluations of scratch resistance and antifouling properties were performed in the same manner as in Example 1. The results are shown in Table 4.

[0084] Comparative Example 9: To a mixed solution of 0.01 M aqueous HCl (1 part by volume), tetraethoxysilane (2.8 parts by volume), and ethanol (8 parts by volume), chloromethylphenylethyltrimethoxysilane (0.564 parts by volume) was added and stirred at room temperature for 24 hours to prepare a precursor solution. This precursor solution was dropped onto a silicon wafer, spin-coated (2000 rpm / 10 seconds), and then dried at room temperature for 24 hours to form a polymerization initiation layer on the silicon wafer surface. 2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate (5.5 parts by volume), copper(II) chloride (4 parts by volume), N,N,N',N'',N''-pentamethyldiethylenetriamine (7 parts by volume), sodium ascorbate (1 part by volume), and water (1 part by volume) were mixed to prepare a polymerization solution. The silicon wafer with the polymerization initiation layer formed thereon was immersed in this polymerization solution for 2 hours to form a polymer brush on the surface of the silicon wafer substrate, resulting in an optical component. Furthermore, scratch resistance and antifouling properties were evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1. As a result, the contact angle before rubbing was 65°, and the contact angle after 1000 rubbings was 7°. The evaluation result of the antifouling property was C.

[0085] For example, a comparison of Example 8 and Comparative Example 3 shows that the addition of polyolefin significantly improves scratch resistance.

[0086] 11 Substrate 12 Silicon oxide-containing layer 13 Polymer brush 14 Polyolefin

Claims

1. A solid having a layer containing silicon oxide and a polymer brush on the layer containing silicon oxide, wherein the polymer brush constitutes at least a portion of the surface of the solid, the polymer brush has a moiety having an alkyl group having 14 to 70 carbon atoms, the moiety having the alkyl group is bonded to the silicon oxide via an oxygen atom, the solid has a polyolefin, the polyolefin is disposed on the polymer brush side as viewed from the layer containing silicon oxide, the polyolefin has a carbon number of 14 to 70, and the ratio of the content of the polyolefin to the content of the moiety having the alkyl group, by mass, in the solid is 0.11 or more and 4.00 or less.

2. The moiety having the alkyl group further contains an oxyethylene group -(CH ２ ) ２ The solid according to claim 1, having -O-.

3. The solid material according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the moiety having an alkyl group is a linear aliphatic structure.

4. The moiety having the alkyl group is an oxyethylene group -(CH ２ ) ２ The solid material according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the alkyl group is a straight chain alkyl group having -O-.

5. The solid material according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the polyolefin is a linear polyolefin.

6. The solid material according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the polymer brush has a thickness of 1 nm or more and 50 nm or less.

7. The solid material according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the polymer brush further has a portion having a dimethylsilicone chain having a silicon number of 3 or more and 110 or less, and the portion having the dimethylsilicone chain is bonded to the silicon oxide via an oxygen atom.

8. The solid material according to claim 7, wherein the molecular weight of the portion having the dimethyl silicone chain is 200 or more and 8,000 or less.

9. An optical member comprising the solid material according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. Eyeglasses comprising the optical element according to claim 9.

11. A touch panel having the optical member according to claim 9.

12. A smartphone having the optical member according to claim 9.

13. A tablet terminal having the optical member according to claim 9.

14. A method for producing a solid material according to any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising: a first vapor deposition step of vacuum-depositing a first vapor deposition material containing silicon oxide to form a layer containing the silicon oxide; and a second vapor deposition step of vacuum-depositing a second vapor deposition material containing a first compound having a moiety with an alkyl group having 14 to 70 carbon atoms and a hydroxyl group, and a second compound which is a polyolefin having 14 to 70 carbon atoms, in this order, to form the polymer brush.

15. The method for producing a solid material according to claim 14, wherein the first compound is a straight chain aliphatic alcohol.

16. The method for producing a solid material according to claim 14 or 15, wherein the first compound is a linear alcohol ethoxylate.

17. The method for producing a solid material according to any one of claims 14 to 16, wherein the polyolefin is a linear polyolefin.

18. A method for producing a solid material described in any one of claims 14 to 17, wherein in the second vapor deposition material, the ratio of the content of the second compound to the content of the first compound on a mass basis is 0.11 or more and 4.00 or less.

19. The method for producing a solid material according to any one of claims 14 to 18, wherein the second deposition material further contains a third compound having a moiety having a dimethyl silicone chain and a reactive functional group.

20. A method for producing a solid material as described in claim 19, wherein in the second vapor deposition material, the mass-based ratio of the content of the third compound to the sum of the content of the first compound and the content of the second compound is 0.1 or more and 1.0 or less.

21. A surface formation method using a vacuum deposition method, comprising: a first deposition step of vacuum-depositing a first deposition material containing silicon oxide to form a layer containing silicon oxide; and a second deposition step of vacuum-depositing a second deposition material containing a first compound having a moiety having an alkyl group having 14 to 70 carbon atoms and a hydroxyl group, and a second compound which is a polyolefin having 14 to 70 carbon atoms, in this order.

22. The method of claim 21, wherein the first compound is a straight chain aliphatic alcohol.

23. The method for forming a surface according to claim 21 or 22, wherein the first compound is a linear alcohol ethoxylate.

24. The method for forming a surface according to any one of claims 21 to 23, wherein the polyolefin is a linear polyolefin.

25. A surface formation method according to any one of claims 21 to 24, wherein in the second vapor deposition material, the ratio of the content of the second compound to the content of the first compound, based on mass, is 0.11 or more and 4.00 or less.

26. The surface formation method according to any one of claims 21 to 25, wherein the second deposition material further contains a third compound having a moiety having a dimethylsilicone chain and a reactive functional group.

27. The surface formation method described in claim 26, wherein in the third vapor deposition material, the mass-based ratio of the content of the third compound to the sum of the content of the first compound and the content of the second compound is 0.1 or more and 1.0 or less.

28. A surface forming material comprising a first compound having a moiety having an alkyl group having 14 to 70 carbon atoms and a hydroxyl group, and a second compound which is a polyolefin having 14 to 70 carbon atoms.

29. The surfacing material of claim 28, wherein the first compound is a linear alcohol ethoxylate.

30. The surface-forming material according to claim 28 or 29, further comprising a third compound having a moiety having a dimethyl silicone chain and a reactive functional group.

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