Devices and methods for communication
By transmitting measurement reports to activate NCR or RIS based on channel quality, the method addresses inefficiencies in access point switching, enhancing network performance and reducing power consumption in millimeter-wave networks.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- PCT/CN2023/142153
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2023-12-26
- Publication Date
- 2025-07-03
AI Technical Summary
Existing network-controlled repeaters (NCR) and reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RIS) face challenges in efficiently managing access point switching due to complex cell handover procedures and high power consumption, particularly in millimeter-wave networks, necessitating improved methods for selecting and activating assistance devices like NCR or RIS based on channel quality measurements.
A terminal device transmits measurement reports to a network device, which activates assistance devices such as NCR or RIS based on predefined conditions, allowing for efficient selection and activation of these devices to enhance communication quality, reducing unnecessary cell handovers.
This approach optimizes access point switching by minimizing power consumption and reducing complex handover procedures, ensuring reliable communication by activating assistance devices when needed, thereby improving network performance in challenging environments.
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Figure CN2023142153_03072025_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
DEVICES AND METHODS FOR COMMUNICATION
[0001] FIELDS
[0002] Example embodiments of the present disclosure generally relate to the field of communication techniques and in particular, to devices and methods for access point switching.BACKGROUND
[0003] Network-controlled repeaters (NCR) and reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RIS) are being considered by the third-generation partnership project (3GPP) as valid candidates for range extension in millimeter-wave (mmW, 30-300 GHz frequency) 5G and 6G networks, to counteract large path and penetration losses.
[0004] NCR is introduced by adding side control information for beam management based on a radio frequency (RF) repeater, to extend the coverage in high frequency (HF) with a higher efficient method. NCR is a new type of repeater to supplement the coverage provided by regular cells. Compared to the legacy RF, NCR can perform the amplify-and-forward operation more efficiently with the assistance of side control information.
[0005] RIS is proposed as one type of NCR’s further evolution. They have similar framework. In some wireless communications networks, a RIS may be deployed to control the channel or signal propagation paths between a network device (e.g., a base station (BS) ) and a terminal device (e.g., user equipment (UE) ) . The RIS may control the channel by reflecting, forming, and / or modulating the radio signals from the BS to the UE and / or from the UE to the BS. As use cases and diverse deployment scenarios continue to expand in wireless communication, improvements on controlling activation of NCR / RIS may yield benefits.SUMMARY
[0006] In a first aspect, there is provided a terminal device comprising: a processor configured to cause the terminal device to: transmit, to a network device, a first measurement report comprising measurement results of a first set of reference signals within a time duration, or a request for activating an assistance device for providing an assistant service to the terminal device; and transmit, to the network device, a second measurement report comprising measurement results of a second set of reference signals, the second set of reference signals being transmitted from the network device after the assistance device is activated.
[0007] In a second aspect, there is provided a network device comprising: a processor configured to cause the network device to: receive, from a terminal device, a first measurement report comprising measurement results of a first set of reference signals within a time duration, or a request for activating an assistance device for providing an assistant service to the terminal device; activate the assistance device based on the request or a determination that the information about the measurement results meets an activation condition; and receive, from the terminal device, a second measurement report comprising measurement results of a second set of reference signals, the second set of reference signals being transmitted from the network device after the assistance device is activated.
[0008] In a third aspect, there is provided a communication method performed by a terminal device. The method comprises: transmitting, to a network device, a first measurement report comprising measurement results of a first set of reference signals within a time duration, or a request for activating an assistance device for providing an assistant service to the terminal device; and transmitting, to the network device, a second measurement report comprising measurement results of a second set of reference signals, the second set of reference signals being transmitted from the network device after the assistance device is activated.
[0009] In a fourth aspect, there is provided a communication method performed by a network device. The method comprises: receiving, from a terminal device, a first measurement report comprising measurement results of a first set of reference signals within a time duration, or a request for activating an assistance device for providing an assistant service to the terminal device; activating the assistance device based on the request or a determination that the information about the measurement results meets an activation condition; and receiving, from the terminal device, a second measurement report comprising measurement results of a second set of reference signals, the second set of reference signals being transmitted from the network device after the assistance device is activated.
[0010] In a fifth aspect, there is provided a computer readable medium having instructions stored thereon, the instructions, when executed on at least one processor, causing the at least one processor to carry out the method according to the third, or fourth aspect.
[0011] Other features of the present disclosure will become easily comprehensible through the following description.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0012] Through the more detailed description of some example embodiments of the present disclosure in the accompanying drawings, the above and other objects, features and advantages of the present disclosure will become more apparent, wherein:
[0013] FIG. 1 illustrates an example communication environment in which example embodiments of the present disclosure can be implemented;
[0014] FIGS. 2A and 2B illustrate schematic diagrams of example communication environments involving NCR and RIS, respectively;
[0015] FIG. 3 illustrates a signaling flow of access point switching of a terminal device in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0016] FIG. 4 illustrates another signaling flow of access point switching of a terminal device in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0017] FIG. 5 illustrates a schematic diagram of measurement results in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0018] FIG. 6 illustrates a flowchart of a method implemented at a terminal device according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0019] FIG. 7 illustrates a flowchart of a method implemented at a network device according to some example embodiments of the present disclosure; and
[0020] FIG. 8 illustrates a simplified block diagram of an apparatus that is suitable for implementing example embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0021] Throughout the drawings, the same or similar reference numerals represent the same or similar element.DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0022] Principle of the present disclosure will now be described with reference to some example embodiments. It is to be understood that these embodiments are described only for the purpose of illustration and help those skilled in the art to understand and implement the present disclosure, without suggesting any limitation as to the scope of the disclosure. Embodiments described herein can be implemented in various manners other than the ones described below.
[0023] In the following description and claims, unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skills in the art to which this disclosure belongs.
[0024] As used herein, the term ‘terminal device’ refers to any device having wireless or wired communication capabilities. Examples of the terminal device include, but not limited to, user equipment (UE) , personal computers, desktops, mobile phones, cellular phones, smart phones, personal digital assistants (PDAs) , portable computers, tablets, wearable devices, internet of things (IoT) devices, Ultra-reliable and Low Latency Communications (URLLC) devices, Internet of Everything (IoE) devices, machine type communication (MTC) devices, devices on vehicle for V2X communication where X means pedestrian, vehicle, or infrastructure / network, devices for Integrated Access and Backhaul (IAB) , Space borne vehicles or Air borne vehicles in Non-terrestrial networks (NTN) including Satellites and High Altitude Platforms (HAPs) encompassing Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS) , eXtended Reality (XR) devices including different types of realities such as Augmented Reality (AR) , Mixed Reality (MR) and Virtual Reality (VR) , the unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) commonly known as a drone which is an aircraft without any human pilot, devices on high speed train (HST) , or image capture devices such as digital cameras, sensors, gaming devices, music storage and playback appliances, or Internet appliances enabling wireless or wired Internet access and browsing and the like. The ‘terminal device’ can further has ‘multicast / broadcast’ feature, to support public safety and mission critical, V2X applications, transparent IPv4 / IPv6 multicast delivery, IPTV, smart TV, radio services, software delivery over wireless, group communications and IoT applications. It may also incorporate one or multiple Subscriber Identity Module (SIM) as known as Multi-SIM. The term “terminal device” can be used interchangeably with a UE, a mobile station, a subscriber station, a mobile terminal, a user terminal or a wireless device.
[0025] The term “network device” refers to a device which is capable of providing or hosting a cell or coverage where terminal devices can communicate. Examples of a network device include, but not limited to, a Node B (NodeB or NB) , an evolved NodeB (eNodeB or eNB) , a next generation NodeB (gNB) , a transmission reception point (TRP) , a remote radio unit (RRU) , a radio head (RH) , a remote radio head (RRH) , an IAB node, a low power node such as a femto node, a pico node, a reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) , and the like.
[0026] The terminal device or the network device may have Artificial intelligence (AI) or Machine learning capability. It generally includes a model which has been trained from numerous collected data for a specific function and can be used to predict some information.
[0027] The terminal or the network device may work on several frequency ranges, e.g., FR1 (e.g., 450 MHz to 6000 MHz) , FR2 (e.g., 24.25GHz to 52.6GHz) , frequency band larger than 100 GHz as well as Tera Hertz (THz) . It can further work on licensed / unlicensed / shared spectrum. The terminal device may have more than one connection with the network devices under Multi-Radio Dual Connectivity (MR-DC) application scenario. The terminal device or the network device can work on full duplex, flexible duplex and cross division duplex modes.
[0028] The embodiments of the present disclosure may be performed in test equipment, e.g., signal generator, signal analyzer, spectrum analyzer, network analyzer, test terminal device, test network device, channel emulator. In some embodiments, the terminal device may be connected with a first network device and a second network device. One of the first network device and the second network device may be a master node and the other one may be a secondary node. The first network device and the second network device may use different radio access technologies (RATs) . In some embodiments, the first network device may be a first RAT device and the second network device may be a second RAT device. In some embodiments, the first RAT device is eNB and the second RAT device is gNB. Information related with different RATs may be transmitted to the terminal device from at least one of the first network device or the second network device. In some embodiments, first information may be transmitted to the terminal device from the first network device and second information may be transmitted to the terminal device from the second network device directly or via the first network device. In some embodiments, information related with configuration for the terminal device configured by the second network device may be transmitted from the second network device via the first network device. Information related with reconfiguration for the terminal device configured by the second network device may be transmitted to the terminal device from the second network device directly or via the first network device.
[0029] As used herein, the singular forms ‘a’ , ‘an’ and ‘the’ are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. The term ‘includes’ and its variants are to be read as open terms that mean ‘includes, but is not limited to. ’ The term ‘based on’ is to be read as ‘at least in part based on. ’ The term ‘one embodiment’ and ‘an embodiment’ are to be read as ‘at least one embodiment. ’ The term ‘another embodiment’ is to be read as ‘at least one other embodiment. ’ The terms ‘first, ’ ‘second, ’ and the like may refer to different or same objects. Other definitions, explicit and implicit, may be included below.
[0030] In some examples, values, procedures, or apparatus are referred to as ‘best, ’ ‘lowest, ’ ‘highest, ’ ‘minimum, ’ ‘maximum, ’ or the like. It will be appreciated that such descriptions are intended to indicate that a selection among many used functional alternatives can be made, and such selections need not be better, smaller, higher, or otherwise preferable to other selections.
[0031] As used herein, unless stated explicitly, performing a step “in response to A” does not indicate that the step is performed immediately after “A” occurs and one or more intervening steps may be included.
[0032] As used herein, the term “resource, ” “transmission resource, ” “uplink resource, ” or “downlink resource” may refer to any resource for performing a communication, such as a resource in time domain, a resource in frequency domain, a resource in space domain, a resource in code domain, or any other resource enabling a communication, and the like. In the following, unless explicitly stated, a resource in both frequency domain and time domain will be used as an example of a transmission resource for describing some example embodiments of the present disclosure. It is noted that example embodiments of the present disclosure are equally applicable to other resources in other domains.
[0033] As discussed above, NCR and RIS are being considered by the 3GPP as valid candidates for range extension in millimeter-wave 5G and 6G networks, to counteract large path and penetration losses. Due to various reasons, for example, moving, blocking, and so on, an access point of a terminal device may be switched. Both NCR / RIS and a network device (e.g., gNB) managing a target cell other than the current serving cell (also referred to as “source cell” hereafter) may be considered for the switching. Compared with NCR / RIS, a cell handover procedure is too complex. In addition, using NCR / RIS may have less influence on power consumption. Therefore, there is a need to recognize the scenarios of NCR to avoid unnecessary cell handing over procedure. In particular, in a scenario where a channel quality decreasing is detected, whether a NCR / RIS or target cell is used for further communication needs to be studied.
[0034] To solve the above and other potential issues, embodiments of the present disclosure provide a solution in which a node is selected for the access point switching of a terminal device in a scenario where channel quality gets worse. This scenario may be distinguished based on measurements performed on the serving cell. The activation of an assistance device, such as NCR or RIS, may be determined based on based on measurement results of a first set of reference signals within a time duration. The access point may be selected based on measurement results of a second set of reference signals transmitted after the assistance device is activated.
[0035] In this way, for example, in the case of a coverage hole, an assistance device, such as NCR or RIS, may be selected. In another example where the terminal device is at the cell edge, a target cell may be selected for cell handover.
[0036] In addition, in some embodiments, the state of the assistance device, for example, “ON” (i.e., the assistance device is turned on) or “OFF” (i.e., the assistance device is turned off) is considered. Furthermore, the speed of the terminal device may be a factor used to determine which node is selected. Such determination may be made at either the network device or the terminal device.
[0037] Principles and implementations of the present disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to the figures.
[0038] FIG. 1 illustrates a schematic diagram of an example communication environment 100 in which example embodiments of the present disclosure can be implemented. In the communication environment 100, a plurality of communication devices, including a terminal device 110 and a network device 120, can communicate with each other.
[0039] In the example of FIG. 1, the terminal device 110 may be a UE and the network device 120 may be a base station (e.g., gNB) serving the UE. The serving area of the network device 120 may be called as a source cell. In the communication environment 100, another network device 140 is illustrated, which may provide a target cell in the case where a cell handover procedure is performed.
[0040] It is to be understood that the number of devices and their connections shown in FIG. 1 are only for the purpose of illustration without suggesting any limitation. The communication environment 100 may include any suitable number of devices configured to implementing example embodiments of the present disclosure. Although not shown, it would be appreciated that one or more additional devices may be located in the serving cell of the network device 120, and one or more additional cells may be deployed in the communication environment 100. It is noted that although illustrated as a network device, the network device 120 may be another device than a network device. Although illustrated as a terminal device, the terminal device 110 may be other device than a terminal device.
[0041] In the following, for the purpose of illustration, some example embodiments are described with the terminal device 110 operating as a UE and the network device 120 operating as a base station or a gNB. However, in some example embodiments, operations described in connection with a terminal device may be implemented at a network device or other device, and operations described in connection with a network device may be implemented at a terminal device or other device.
[0042] In some example embodiments, if the terminal device 110 is a terminal device and the network device 120 is a network device, a link from the network device 120 to the terminal device 110 is referred to as a downlink (DL) , while a link from the terminal device 110 to the network device 120 is referred to as an uplink (UL) . In DL, the network device 120 is a transmitting (TX) device (or a transmitter) and the terminal device 110 is a receiving (RX) device (or a receiver) . In UL, the terminal device 110 is a TX device (or a transmitter) and the network device 120 is a RX device (or a receiver) .
[0043] The communications in the communication environment 100 may conform to any suitable standards including, but not limited to, Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) , Long Term Evolution (LTE) , LTE-Evolution, LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) , New Radio (NR) , Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) , Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) , GSM EDGE Radio Access Network (GERAN) , Machine Type Communication (MTC) and the like. The embodiments of the present disclosure may be performed according to any generation communication protocols either currently known or to be developed in the future. Examples of the communication protocols include, but not limited to, the first generation (1G) , the second generation (2G) , 2.5G, 2.75G, the third generation (3G) , the fourth generation (4G) , 4.5G, the fifth generation (5G) communication protocols, 5.5G, 5G-Advanced networks, or the sixth generation (6G) networks.
[0044] The network device 120 may be associated with one or more assistance devices, e.g., denoted as an assistance device 130 in FIG. 1, which may provide services for the terminal device 110, e.g., in the case of a coverage hole. As shown in FIG. 1, there may be a block between the terminal device 110 and the network device 120. Thus, the terminal device 110 may be in a coverage hole due to the block. In this case, the assistance device 130 device 130, such as a NCR or a RIS may provide service to the terminal device 110.
[0045] It is to be understood that the coverage hole is just an example for purpose of discussion. Besides the coverage hole, changing the radio propagation environment is also the application scenarios.
[0046] The assistance device 130 may be a device or a node providing assistant service to the terminal device 110, for example, when the terminal device 110 is in a coverage hole or to counteracts large path and penetration losses. The assistance device 130 may be implemented as a NCR, a RIS, or other suitable device that can provide assistant service (s) to the terminal device 110. FIGS. 2A and 2B illustrate schematic diagrams 210 and 220 of example communication environments involving NCR and RIS, respectively.
[0047] As shown in FIG. 2A, it is an NCR that provides an assistant service to the terminal device 110. In this example, the terminal device 110 communicates with network device 120 with the assistance of a NCR-Fwd (forwarding) module of the NCR, the data forwarding between terminal device 120 and NCR-Fwd is via an access link, and the data forwarding between the network device 120 and the NCR-Fwd module is via a backhaul link. Meanwhile, the network device 120 communicates with a NCR-MT (Mobile Termination) module of the NCR via a control link.
[0048] As shown in FIG. 2B, it is a RIS (illustrated as a “RIS relay” ) that provides an assistant service to the terminal device 110. In this example, the terminal device 110 performs transmission to the network device 120 via an array of reflectors of the RIS relay on an uplink (UL) reflected link, and the network device 120 performs transmission to the terminal device 110 via the array of reflectors on a downlink (DL) reflected link. Meanwhile, the network device 120 communicates with a control unit of the RIS relay via a control link.
[0049] Reference is made to FIG. 3, which illustrates a signaling flow 300 of access point switching in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. For the purposes of discussion, the signaling flow 300 will be discussed with reference to FIG. 1, for example, by using the terminal device 110, the network device 120, and the assistance device 130.
[0050] The terminal device 110 transmits (310) , to a network device, a first measurement report comprising measurement results of a first set of reference signals within a time duration, or a request for activating an assistance device for providing an assistant service to the terminal device. The network device 120, after receiving (315) the first measurement report from the terminal device 110, activates (320) the assistance device 130 based on the received request or a determination that the information about the measurement results meets an activation condition.
[0051] After the assistance device is activated, the network device 120 may transmit a second set of reference signals and the terminal device 110 may measure the second set of reference signals. Then, the terminal device 110 transmits (325) , to the network device 120, a second measurement report comprising measurement results of the second set of reference signals.
[0052] The time duration may be predefined or may be configured by the network device 120. In some embodiments, the time duration may be implemented as a time window or in other suitable forms. For example, the network device 120 may configure the time duration and transmit the configuration information of this time duration to the terminal device 110.
[0053] In some example embodiments, the first measurement report may include, for example, but not limited to, a reference quality value and a first quality value which are obtained by measuring the first set of reference signals at a reference time instant and a first time instant later than the reference time instant in the time duration. Alternatively, or in addition, the first measurement report may include the reference quality value and a quality offset between the reference quality value and the first quality value. Alternatively, or in addition, the first measurement report may include an index of an event indicating the quality offset is larger than or equal to a first threshold. It is to be understood that the above examples are just example measurement results included in the first measurement report. In embodiments of the present disclosure, the first measurement report may include other suitable information.
[0054] In some example embodiments, the first measurement report is provided when some conditions are met. For example, the terminal device 110 may transmit the first measurement report only when the assistance device 130 is turned off (i.e., in an OFF state) . That is, if the assistance device 130 is in an ON state, the terminal device 110 will not provide the first measurement report to the network device 120, because there is need to activate the same assistance device 130 that has been turned on.
[0055] As an alternative, a speed of the terminal device 110 may be considered as well. In some embodiments, if the speed is less than or equal to a speed threshold, the terminal device 110 may transmit the first measurement report. If the speed is larger than the speed threshold, the terminal device 110 may not transmit the first measurement report.
[0056] As a further alternatively, the terminal device 110 transmits the first measurement report in the case that a channel quality decrease is detected. In some embodiments, if a maximum difference of a channel quality during a time interval is larger than or equal to a predefined threshold, it may be determined that a channel quality decrease is detected, wherein the maximum difference of a channel quality means the difference between the best channel quality and the worst channel quality.
[0057] In some example embodiments, the measurement results of the first set of reference signals may comprise cell-level or beam-level reference signal received power (RSRP) / reference signal received quality (RSRQ) . The measurement results of the second set of reference signals may be of cell-level or beam-level comprise cell-level or beam-level RSRP / RSRQ, wherein the cell-level RSRP / RSRQ is derived according to the average of several beam-level RSRPs / RSRQs.
[0058] In some example embodiments, the assistance device 130 may be an NCR or a RIS, or other suitable device that is capable of providing service for the terminal device 110.
[0059] More details of the present disclosure will be discussed with reference to FIG. 4, which illustrates a signaling flow 400 of access point switching in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. The embodiments discussed with reference to FIG. 4 are implementations of the signaling flow 300 discussed with reference to FIG. 3. In embodiments of FIG. 4, several options for determining the second period are provided. Moreover, the activation of the assistance device may be determined in several ways. For the purposes of discussion, the signaling flow 400 will be also discussed with reference to FIG. 1, for example, by using the terminal device 110 and the network device 120.
[0060] In some example embodiments, before measuring the first set of the reference signals, the terminal device 110 may measure reference signals (referred to as “third set of reference signals” for purpose of discussion) which are transmitted from the network device 120 according to a time period (referred to as “first period” for purpose of discussion) .
[0061] To determine whether the terminal device 110 needs assistant service (s) , a new period (referred to as “second period” hereafter) and another set of reference signals (referred to as “a first set of reference signals” hereafter) are used. The second period may be determined either at the terminal device 110 or at the network device 120.
[0062] In some embodiments, the second period may be determined by the network device 120 in a procedure 410. In some embodiments, if a quality offset of a first quality value relative to a reference quality value is larger than or equal to a first threshold, the network device 120 may determine a second period shorter than a first period for measuring a third set of reference signals before the selection of the second period. The reference quality value may be obtained by measuring the third set of reference signals at a reference time instant, and the first quality value may be obtained by measuring the third set of reference signals at a first time instant later than and adjacent to the reference time instant in a configured reporting time interval according to the first period. Then, the network device 120 may transmit (412) , to the terminal device 110, configuration information about the second period. The terminal device 110 receives (414) the configuration information and may measure (422) the first set of reference signals according to the received second period.
[0063] In some example embodiments, the terminal device 110 receives, from the network device 120, a configuration of the second period which is shorter than the first period, and may transmit, to the network device 120, measurement results of the first set of reference signals according to the second period.
[0064] In some example embodiments, the terminal device 110 receives, from the network device 120, more than one configuration of the reporting period, which includes a configuration of the second period which is shorter than the first period, and may determine whether a quality offset of a third quality value relative to a second quality value is larger than or equal to a second threshold. If so, the terminal device 110 may transmit the at least one measurement result of the first set of reference signals to the network device 120. The third quality value may be obtained by measuring the first set of reference signals at a third time instant in the time duration, and the second quality value may be obtained by measuring the first set of reference signals at a second time instant earlier than the third time instant in the time duration. In some example embodiments, the at least one measurement result may include, for example, the third quality value, the second quality value, the third time instant, and the second time instant. Alternatively or in addition, the at least one measurement result may include the third quality value, a quality offset between the third quality value and the second quality value, the third time instant, and a time difference between the third time instant and the second time instant. Alternatively or in addition, the at least one measurement result may include an index of an event indicating the quality offset within a time duration is larger than or equal to a second threshold.
[0065] As an alternative to the procedure 410, the terminal device 110 may determine the second period by itself in a procedure 410’. For example, the terminal device 110 may select (416) the second period from a set of preconfigured periods. The second period may be a preconfigured period that is shorter than the first period for measuring the third set of reference signals before the selection of the second period.
[0066] In an implementation, the terminal device 110 may, based on the measurement results of the third set of reference signals, compare a quality offset of a first quality value relative to a reference quality value with a first threshold (for example, denoted as Qth1) . The reference quality value may be obtained by measuring the third set of reference signals at a reference time instant in the time duration according to the first period, and the first quality value may be obtained by measuring the third set of reference signals at a first time instant later than and adjacent to the reference time instant in the time duration according to the first period. If the quality offset is larger than or equal to the first threshold, the terminal device 110 may select (416) the second period from the set of preconfigured periods.
[0067] Based on the selected second period, the terminal device 110 may measure (422) the first set of reference signals. Accordingly, measurement results of the first set of reference signals may be obtained.
[0068] The terminal device 110 may transmit (432) , to the network device 120, measurement results of the first set of reference signals according to the second period. The network device 120 receives (434) the measurement results of the first set of reference signals. The network device 120 may determine (435) whether the information about the measurement results meets an activation condition of the assistance device 130. In some implementations, the network device 120 may determine whether a quality offset of a third quality value relative to a second quality value in the information about the measurement results of the first set of reference signals is larger than or equal to a second threshold. The third quality value may be obtained by measuring the first set of reference signals at a third time instant and the second quality value may be obtained by measuring the first set of reference signals at a second time instant earlier than the third time instant in the time duration. If the quality offset is larger than or equal to the second threshold, the network device 120 may determine that the information about the measurement results meets the activation condition. In this way, whether the assistance device 130 is to be activated is determined at the network device 120 in a determination procedure 430.
[0069] As an alternative, whether the assistance device 130 is to be activated may be determined by the terminal device 110 in another determination procedure 430’. In some example embodiments, the terminal device 110 may determine (436) whether a quality offset of a third quality value relative to a second quality value is larger than or equal to a second threshold. If so, the terminal device 110 may transmit (437) the request for activating the assistance device 130 to the network device 120. The third quality value and the second quality value may be obtained by measuring the first set of reference signals at a third time instant and a second time instant earlier than the third time instant in the time duration, respectively.
[0070] In some cases, the speed of the terminal device 110 is also considered in the determination (436) . For instance, if a quality offset between a third quality value relative to a second quality value is larger than or equal to a second threshold and a speed of the terminal device 110 is lower than a speed threshold, the terminal device 110 transmits the request for activating the assistance device 130.
[0071] In some example embodiments, the terminal device 110 may determine an assistance device 130 to be activated based on location information of a set of assistance devices 130 associated with the network device 120. The terminal device 110 may transmit (437) the request for activating an assistance device 130 by including an index of the determined assistance device 130. That is, the request for activating an assistance device may include the index of an assistance device determined based on location information of a set of assistance devices associated with the network device. In an implementation, the location information may be obtained from an Operation Administration and Maintenance (OAM) node, or from a Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling comprising system information of a cell (for example, the serving cell) of the network device 120.
[0072] In some example embodiments, the second measurement report may indicate a decrease of channel quality is larger than a quality threshold within a time duration. After the network device 120 activates (440) the assistant device 130, the terminal device 110 may trigger a beam failure recovery (BFR) procedure, measure (442) the second set of reference signals on access beams of the assistance device 130, and transmit (444) , to the network device 120. The second measurement report includes the result of the measuring.
[0073] In the case where the first measurement report indicates a decrease of channel quality is larger than a quality threshold within a time duration, and the network device 120 may receive (446) , from the terminal device 110, the second measurement report comprising a measurement result of the second set of reference signals on access beams of the assistance device. If a target beam identified in the BFR procedure is one of the access beams associated with the second measurement report, the network device 120 may determine the target beam of the assistance device is to be used for communication with the terminal device 110.
[0074] In some embodiments, the network device 120 receives (446) the second measurement report and determines whether the activation of the assistance device is useful for the terminal device based on the second measurement report. If the network device 120 determines that the activation of the assistance device is not useful, it may trigger (448) a cell handover procedure.
[0075] For example, the network device 120 may determine whether a further quality offset of a fourth quality value relative to the reference value in the second measurement report is less than or equal to a third threshold. The fourth quality value being obtained by measuring the second set of reference signals at a third time instant. The third threshold is less than the first threshold. If the further quality offset is less than or equal to the third threshold, the network device 120 may determine that the activation of the assistance device is useful for the terminal device 110. On the other hand, if the further quality offset is larger than the third threshold, the network device 120 may determine that the activation of the assistance device is not useful for the terminal device 110.
[0076] In some example embodiments, the set of assistance devices 130 may be indexed within the cell of the network device 120. In some cases, if one assistance device is activated but is not useful for improving service quality for the terminal device 110, the network device 120 may turn off this assistance device and turn on another assistance device for example, according to the indexing within the cell of the network device 120. If all the set of assistance devices 130 are not useful, the network device 120 may trigger (448) the cell handover procedure.
[0077] In some example embodiments, a larger the speed is, the shorter length the time duration has. For example, if a first length of the time duration is larger than a second length of the terminal duration, the first length is associated with a first speed of the terminal device 110 and the second length is associated with a second speed of the terminal device 110 faster than the first speed.
[0078] In some example embodiments, a larger the speed is, the larger the first threshold or the second threshold is. For instance, if a first value of the first threshold is less than a second value of the first threshold, the first value of the first threshold is associated with a first speed of the terminal device 110, and the second value of the first threshold is associated with a second speed of the terminal device 110 faster than the first speed. In another example, if a third value of the second threshold is less than a fourth value of the first threshold, the third value of the second threshold is associated with a third speed of the terminal device 110, and the fourth value of the second threshold is associated with a fourth speed of the terminal device 110 faster than the third speed.
[0079] Now more detailed embodiments will be discussed below. In the following embodiments, the terminal device 110 is sometimes described as UE, the network device 120 is sometimes described as gNB or source cell, and the assistance device 130 is sometimes described as NCR / RIS. It is to be understood that these are just illustrated for example, rather than suggest any limitations to the present disclosure.
[0080] In some cases, NCR is “OFF” before the quality of the channel between UE and source cell / gNB gets worse. Several embodiments (Embodiment 1.1 to 1.4) in such cases will be described below.
[0081] Embodiment 1.1
[0082] In this embodiment, the UE measures the channel quality of the source cell / gNB and reports the measurements to gNB. Specifically, the UE may report the channel quality periodicity and gNB derives a difference of the channel quality. In the embodiments, the term “difference” indicates an offset of a first value relative to a second value, which is not an absolute value of the subtracting result of the first value and the second value. It means the second value minus the first value, and if the first value is larger than the second value, then the difference is a negative value, if the first value is less than the second value, then the difference is a positive value.
[0083] The UE may report measurement results by measuring reference signals (referred to as “third set of reference signals” ) which are transmitted from the network device 120. As shown in FIG. 5, the reported measurement results include for example, channel quality values (also referred to as “quality values” ) Q0 and Q1measured at time instants t0 and t1 according to a first period. That is, the measuring of the third set of reference signals may be performed based on the first period, as shown in FIG. 5.
[0084] An event may be defined to trigger a short period (referred to as a second period, which is shorter than the first period) for measuring and reporting. For example, the event may be defined that a quality offset of a first quality value relative to a reference quality value is larger than or equal to a first threshold. That is, the event occurs if the following condition is met: Q0-Q1 >= Qth1, (1)
[0085] where Q1 represents the first quality value, Q0 represents the reference quality value, and Qth1 represents the first threshold as discussed above.
[0086] If the above concoction (1) is met, for example, at a time point 520, the reference signals (also referred to as “first set of reference signals” ) may be measured at the second period. In some embodiments, the second period is shorter than the first period. In alternative embodiments, the second period may be the same as the first period.
[0087] As shown in FIG. 5, after the time point 520, the quality values Q2 and Q3 are obtained by measuring at time instants t2 and t3 according to the short period (second period) . The gNB may determine whether to turn on the NCR / RIS or wait a new measurement, for example by determining whether the channel quality decreases rapidly. In some embodiments, if the difference (that is, an offset of a value relative to another value) within a time duration or time window 510 is larger than a threshold (also referred to as “second threshold” ) , the gNB may turn on the assistance device 130, e.g., the NCR / RIS. The time duration or the time window 510 may be predefined or may be configured, and it may start from the time instant t0, as shown in FIG. 5.
[0088] There are several ways to determine that the channel quality decreases rapidly, such as the UE moves into a coverage hole. For example, if a quality offset of a third quality value relative to a second quality value is larger than or equal to a second threshold, the channel quality may be considered as decreasing rapidly. Whether the quality offset of a third quality value relative to a second quality value is larger than or equal to a second threshold may be determined based on a determination whether one of the following is met: Q2-Q0 >= Qth2, (2) or Q3-Q0>=Qth2, (3) or Q2-Q1> Qth2, (4) or Q3-Q1> Qth2, (5) or Q3-Q2> Qth2. (6)
[0089] where Qth2 represents the second threshold as discussed above, the second quality value and the third quality value may be any of the quality values Q0, Q1, Q2 and Q3 in the premises that the second quality value is obtained at a second time instant earlier than the third time instant at which the third quality value is obtained.
[0090] Otherwise, the gNB may trigger the cell handover procedure when the related conditions meet (the UE locates at cell edge) .
[0091] If the NCR / RIS is turned on, for example, at a time point 530, the gNB may configure a new reference signal (RS) / resource, e.g., the second set of reference signals, for channel measurement with NCR / RIS. The channel between gNB and UE via NCR / RIS may be measured. Thus, measurement results of a second set of reference signals may be obtained. Then, it may be determined whether a quality offset of a reference quality value (Q0 for example) relative to another quality value (also referred to as “fourth quality value” or Qn, where n is an integer equal to or larger than 0) in the measurement results is larger than or equal to a third threshold (Qth3, which is less than the first threshold Qth1) . The reference quality value Q0 may be obtained by measuring the third set of reference signals at a reference time instant “t0” , and the fourth quality value Qn may be obtained by measuring the second set of reference signals at a fourth time instant “tn” later than the reference time instant t0.
[0092] If the quality offset of the reference quality value (Q0) relative to the fourth quality value (Qn) is less than or equal to the third threshold, the activation of the assistance device may be determined as being useful for the UE. Otherwise, the activation of the assistance device is not useful.
[0093] In some implementations, if the channel quality meets one of conditions of communication, for example, the following conditions 1 or 2, then NCR / RIS may be used for further communication.
[0094] Condition1: Q0-Qn<= Qth3 or Qn >= Q0-Qth3,
[0095] where Qth3 indicates the third threshold as discussed above, and Qth3<Qth1.
[0096] Condition2: Q0-Qn<= Qth3 or Qn >= Q0-Qth3 for N consecutive times.
[0097] In the above Conditions 1 or 2, the quality value Qn may be a cell-level RSRP / RSRQ, or highest beam-level RSRP / RSRQ.
[0098] In some embodiments, the start point of the time window 520 may be the time instant corresponding to Q1 or Q2, for example, it is the first time instant when detecting the channel quality decreasing larger than Qth1, or the first time instant after detecting the channel quality decreasing larger than Qth1.
[0099] Embodiment 1.2
[0100] In this embodiment, the UE measures the channel quality of the source cell / gNB and determines the reporting behavior. The UE chooses a configuration for measurement / requirement reporting.
[0101] The gNB may configure more than one configuration for measurement reporting and may configure a time duration for difference of channel quality comparison. The periods for different configurations may be different. The time duration may be configured as being specific to the UE.
[0102] The UE may determine using which configuration for further measurement reporting. For example, an event may be defined to trigger a short period for measurement reporting, as shown in FIG. 5B. The event may be defined as that a quality offset of a first quality value relative to a reference quality value is larger than or equal to a first threshold, for example, illustrated by the above expression (1) .
[0103] If the event happens, a short period for measurement reporting may be applied. For another example, if the event happens, then the UE may report the measurement. Otherwise, the UE doesn’t report the measurement.
[0104] The gNB may determine whether to turn on the NCR / RIS or wait the new measurement. Alternatively, the UE may determine whether to report a requirement for turning on NCR / RIS.
[0105] If the maximum difference of channel quality within a pre-defined / configured time duration is larger than a threshold, the UE may turn on the NCR / RIS. That is, if the channel quality decreases rapidly (such as the UE moves into a coverage hole) , for example, if any of the above expressions (2) to (6) is met, either the gNB or the UE may determine that the NCR / RIS is to be turned on. For example, in the case where it is the UE that makes the determination, the UE may transmit a request for activating the NCR / RIS to the gNB.
[0106] In the cases where the NCR / RIS is turned on, the gNB may configure new RS / resource (s) for further channel measurement with NCR / RIS. Details that have been discussed above are not repeated here.
[0107] In some cases, if the activation of an NCR / RIS would not be beneficial to the UE, a further NCR / RIS may be activated for further judgment. If all assistance devices associated with the gNB are not useful, a cell handover procedure may be triggered if corresponding condition (s) is met, for example, if the UE locates at cell edge.
[0108] Embodiment 1.3
[0109] In this embodiment, UE measures the channel quality of the source cell / gNB and reports the measurements to gNB. The UE may report the channel quality when a difference between two consecutive measurements is larger than a predefined threshold.
[0110] For example, if the difference between Q0’ (measured at a time instant t0’) and Q1’ (measured at a time instant t1’) is larger than a threshold, the UE may report both the measurements (Q0’ and Q1’) of the two time instants (t0’ and t1’) or reports the first one (Q0’) and the difference for the second one (Q0’-Q1’) . As an alternative, the UE may report an index of an event indicating that the difference between two consecutive measurements is larger than a predefined threshold.
[0111] If a trigger condition for configuring a second period is met, e.g., Q0’-Q1’>Qth1, the gNB may re-configure the periodicity for measurement reporting. The re-configured periodicity (second period) is smaller than the original one (first period) . The gNB informs the UE the re-configured periodicity (second period) .
[0112] As to the UE, in one option, it reports to the gNB the measurement according to the (re-) configured periodicity.
[0113] In another option, the UE monitors the channel measurement according to the (re-) configured periodicity, and reports when the event of channel quality decreases rapidly, for example, if any of the above expressions (2) to (6) is met.
[0114] In some embodiments, the UE may report the two measurements (for example, Q2 and Q0) which meets the condition. Optionally, the time instants (t2 and t0) may be reported together. That is, the UE may report Q2 and Q0, the time instant for Q0 and / or the time instant for Q2 to the gNB.
[0115] In some alternative embodiments, the UE may report the first measurement and the difference for the second one, and the time difference is reported optionally. For example, the UE may report Q0 and Q0-Q2, the time instant for Q0 and / or Q2 and a time difference between Q2 and Q0.
[0116] In a further alternative embodiment, the UE may report an index of an event indicating that the event of channel quality decreases rapidly.
[0117] As for the gNB, it may determine whether to turn on / off the NCR / RIS for further measurement and further communication (take the previous case as a reference) .
[0118] Embodiment 1.4
[0119] In this embodiment, the UE measures the channel quality of the source cell / gNB and reports the measurements to gNB, and the channel quality decreasing due to coverage hole is associated with beam failure.
[0120] In this case, the gNB turns on the NCR / RIS when Channel quality decreases rapidly, for example, when BFD / channel quality decreasing is detected. The beams including the access beams of NCR / RIS may be re-measured by the UE and the gNB. If the new beam identified in the BFR procedure is one of the access beams of NCR / RIS, then NCR / RIS is used for further communication. Else if the new beam identified in the BFR procedure is one of the original beams of gNB, then NCR / RIS is turned OFF. Else if no beam is identified in the BFR procedure, a cell handover procedure is triggered.
[0121] Embodiment 2
[0122] In some embodiments, the assistance device 130, e.g., NCR / RIS may be “ON” before the quality of the channel between UE and resource cell / gNB gets worse. Three example scenarios are listed below for illustration.
[0123] Scenario 1: NCR switches ON periodically to forward the SSB signal with the access beam of NCR.
[0124] Scenario 2: NCR is ON to assist communication for other UE.
[0125] Scenario 3: NCR is ON to assist communication for the target UE, wherein the target UE means the terminal device whose channel quality will decrease.
[0126] In this embodiment, the channel quality with help of NCR / RIS is on monitoring periodically. Thus, when channel quality decreasing is detected, the gNB may trigger the cell handover procedure directly if the related conditions are met.
[0127] In some embodiments, a dedicated RS configuration to realize the NCR / RIS’s access beam sweeping may be configured to the UE for NCR / RIS. Related beam indication and associated time domain resource may be indicated to NCR / RIS. Based on the dedicated RS configuration, the UE measures the channel between gNB and it via NCR / RIS and reports the measurements in time. The gNB determines whether to activate the NCR / RIS to assist the UE’s communication, where “Activate” may indicate the service beam of NCR, and “Not activate” may indicate waiting the condition for cell handover. It is to be understood that the beam indication embodiments also apply to the above Embodiments 1.1 to 1.4.
[0128] Embodiment 3
[0129] In this embodiment, the UE’s speed is considered when channel quality decreasing is detected. First, the UE’s speed information may be obtained for example by the gNB or the UE. In some cases, the gNB measures the UE’s speed based on SRS / positioning results.
[0130] Alternatively, a location management function (LMF) node may share the positioning results if it’s required by gNB and agreed by UE. If the gNB requires, the LMF node may share the UE’s positioning results. Or, if the gNB requires, the LMF node asks the agreement from the UE, and shares the information to gNB. Alternatively, a LMF node may share the positioning results if it’s required by UE.
[0131] UE may report its speed based on a dedicated sensor. The report may be trigged based on the gNB’s requirement, or LMF’s requirement.
[0132] In some embodiments, the speed may be used directly to determine whether activate a NCR / RIS. Sometimes, the UE may fall into the coverage hole of the source cell. In this case, if the speed is larger than a pre-defined threshold, the channel quality decreasing is a temporary behavior. The UE or the gNB will not activate an NCR / RIS and wait for a normal beam management procedure if needed.
[0133] Alternatively, in some embodiments, the NCR / RIS is activated for further measuring and communication between UE and source cell / gNB. The gNB configures new RS / resource for channel measurement with NCR / RIS. The channel between the gNB and the UE via NCR / RIS is measured.
[0134] In some implementations, if the channel quality meets one of conditions of communication, for example, the above conditions 1 or 2, then NCR / RIS may be used for further communication.
[0135] In some embodiments, the UE’s speed is used indirectly, and used to determine the threshold and / or the time duration length used as above. In some embodiments, the larger speed, larger threshold, the threshold is used to trigger the short period for measurement reporting or used to trigger turning ON NCR / RIS for measuring the channel between gNB and UE via NCR / RIS. The threshold is used to trigger turning ON NCR / RIS for communication between gNB and UE via NCR / RIS.
[0136] In some embodiments, larger speed, shorter time duration. The time duration is used to determine the speed of the channel quality decreasing. For example, same maximum difference, larger time duration means lower speed of channel quality decreasing.
[0137] In some embodiments, larger speed, smaller period for further measurement reporting. If a shorter time duration is applied to avoid measurements is untimely, more measurement are needed, then shorter period should be configured.
[0138] Embodiment 4
[0139] In some embodiments, NCR / RIS is known to UE, for example, the UE only knows that the NCR / RIS is exist in the coverage of the source cell, or UE knows the coverage location of NCR / RIS. As for the former scenario, when the UE detected the channel quality is decreasing, for example, the maximum difference of channel quality during a time duration >= a predefined threshold, it may report the request to turn ON NCR / RIS for further channel measurement. The UE may transmit a request and the gNB may confirm the request and configure the dedicated RS resource for channel measuring.
[0140] If the NCR is already providing service to the UE and the related information of NCR is known to the UE, then the UE just wait for cell handover procedure. In some embodiments, the speed information of UE may be further used to determine whether to send a request. For example. If the speed of the UE is less than a predefined value, and the maximum difference of channel quality during a time duration >= a predefined threshold, it may report the request to turn ON NCR / RIS for further channel measurement. Else, if the speed is higher than a predefined value, or the maximum difference of channel quality during a time duration is less than a predefined threshold, UE may not report the request. For example, the speed can be used to determine the time duration or thresholds for maximum difference of channel quality determination.
[0141] In the case where the UE knows the coverage of NCR / RIS, if the UE detected channel quality decreasing, it may compare the coverage location of NCR / RIS and its location, then decide whether to send a request to the gNB to activate NCR / RIS. Its location information may be shared by LMF / gNB based on its requirement. The request may include the NCR / RIS index if more than one NCR / RIS is located in the coverage of the source cell. The coverage location of each NCR / RIS may be shared to UE via OAM, or RRC together with the system information of source cell. If multiple NCR / RISs are installed, then the coverage location may be shared with the NCR / RIS index together. In some embodiments, the NCR / RISs may be indexed within each cell. In some embodiments, the speed information of UE may be further used to determine whether send a request. For example, used directly to determine whether send a request to activate NCR / RIS, or used indirectly to determine the time duration or thresholds for determining whether the channel quality decreasing rapidly.
[0142] In addition to the above embodiments, the activation of the assistance device (e.g., NCR / RIS) may be performed for other purposes, for example, enriching the wireless environment, positioning, sensing, and so on.
[0143] In some embodiments, the network device 120 (e.g., gNB) may trigger the activating according to the payload requirement. The payload requirement may be transmitted from higher layer or the terminal device 110 (e.g., UE) . For example, there may be a heavy data transmission requirement. The UE may send the requirement of activating the NCR / RIS for heavy data transmission. As embodiments discussed above, the UE may know there is NCR / RIS, or the UE may know it’s on the coverage of NCR / RIS. Also, the NCR / RIS index may be reported together to facilitate the node choosing procedure.
[0144] For facilitating positioning / sensing, the gNB may trigger the activating when receiving a positioning request or sensing request. The requirement may be received from LMF / SF or UE. For example, the UE sends the requirement of activating the NCR / RIS for positioning and / or sensing. Likewise, the UE may know there is NCR / RIS, or the UE may know it’s on the coverage of NCR / RIS. Also, the NCR / RIS index may be reported together to facilitate the node choosing procedure.
[0145] FIG. 6 illustrates a flowchart of a communication method 600 implemented at a terminal device in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. For the purpose of discussion, the method 600 will be described from the perspective of the terminal device 110 in FIG. 1.
[0146] At block 610, the terminal device 110 transmits, to a network device 120, a first measurement report comprising measurement results of a first set of reference signals within a time duration, or a request for activating an assistance device 130 for providing an assistant service to the terminal device 110.
[0147] At block 620, the terminal device 110 transmits, to the network device 120, a second measurement report comprising measurement results of a second set of reference signals, the second set of reference signals being transmitted from the network device after the assistance device is activated.
[0148] In some example embodiments, the terminal device 110 may select, from a set of preconfigured periods, a second period for measuring the first set of reference signals, the second period being shorter than a first period for measuring a third set of reference signals before the selection of the second period; and transmits, to the network device, measurement results of the first set of reference signals according to the second period.
[0149] In some example embodiments, the terminal device110 may in response to that a quality offset of a first quality value relative to a reference quality value is larger than or equal to a first threshold, select the second period, the reference quality value and the first quality value being obtained by measuring the first set of reference signals at a reference time instant and a first time instant later than and adjacent to the reference time instant in the time duration according to the first period.
[0150] In some example embodiments, the terminal device110 may in response to that a quality offset of a third quality value relative to a second quality value is larger than or equal to a second threshold, transmit the request for activating the assistance device, the third quality value and the second quality value being obtained by measuring the first set of reference signals at a third time instant and a second time instant earlier than the third time instant in the time duration.
[0151] In some example embodiments, the time duration is predefined or configured by the network device.
[0152] In some example embodiments, the first measurement report comprises at least one of: a reference quality value and a first quality value which are obtained by measuring the first set of reference signals at a reference time instant and a first time instant later than the reference time instant in the time duration, the reference quality value and a quality offset between the reference quality value and the first quality value, or an index of an event indicating the quality offset is larger than or equal to a first threshold.
[0153] In some example embodiments, the terminal device 110 may receive, from the network device, a configuration of a second period for measuring the first set of reference signals, the second period being shorter than a first period for measuring a third set of reference signals before the selection of the second period; and transmit, to the network device, measurement results of the first set of reference signals according to the second period.
[0154] In some example embodiments, the terminal device 110 may receive, from the network device, a configuration of a second period for measuring the first set of reference signals, the second period being shorter than a first period for measuring a third set of reference signals before the selection of the second period; and in response to that a quality offset of a third quality value relative to a second quality value is larger than or equal to a second threshold, transmit the at least one measurement result of the first set of reference signals to the network device, the third quality value and the second quality value being obtained by measuring the first set of reference signals at a third time instant and a second time instant earlier than the third time instant in the time duration.
[0155] In some example embodiments, the at least one measurement result comprises at least one of: the third quality value, the second quality value, the third time instant, and the second time instant, the third quality value, a quality offset between the third quality value and the second quality value, the third time instant, and a time difference between the third time instant and the second time instant, or an index of an event indicating the quality offset is larger than or equal to a second threshold.
[0156] In some example embodiments, the first measurement report indicates a decrease of channel quality is larger than a quality threshold within a time duration and the terminal device is further caused to: trigger a beam failure recovery (BFR) procedure; measure the second set of reference signals on access beams of the assistance device; and transmit, to the network device, the second measurement report comprising the result of the measuring.
[0157] In some example embodiments, a first length of the time duration is larger than a second length of the terminal duration, the first length is associated with a first speed of the terminal device and the second length is associated with a second speed of the terminal device faster than the first speed.
[0158] In some example embodiments, a first value of the first threshold is less than a second value of the first threshold, the first value of the first threshold is associated with a first speed of the terminal device, and the second value of the first threshold is associated with a second speed of the terminal device faster than the first speed, or wherein a third value of the second threshold is less than a fourth value of the first threshold, the third value of the second threshold is associated with a third speed of the terminal device, and the fourth value of the second threshold is associated with a fourth speed of the terminal device faster than the third speed.
[0159] In some example embodiments, the terminal device 110 may in response to that a quality offset between a third quality value relative to a second quality value is larger than or equal to a second threshold and a speed of the terminal device is lower than a speed threshold, transmit the request for activating the assistance device, the third quality value and the second quality value being obtained by measuring the first set of reference signals at a third time instant and a second time instant earlier than the third time instant in the time duration.
[0160] In some example embodiments, the terminal device 110 may determine an assistance device to be activated based on location information of a set of assistance devices associated with the network device; and transmit the request for activating an assistance device by including an index of the determined assistance device.
[0161] In some example embodiments, the terminal device 110 may obtain the location information from an Operation Administration and Maintenance (OAM) node, or from a Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling comprising system information of a cell of the network device.
[0162] In some example embodiments, the set of assistance devices are indexed within the cell of the network device.
[0163] In some example embodiments, the terminal device may transmit the first measurement report in at least one of the following cases: the assistance device is turned off, a speed of the terminal device is less than or equal to a speed threshold, or a channel quality decrease is detected in response to that a maximum difference during a time interval is larger than or equal to a predefined threshold.
[0164] In some example embodiments, the measurement results of the first set of reference signals comprise cell-level or beam-level reference signal received power (RSRP) / reference signal received quality (RSRQ) , and the measurement results of the second set of reference signals are of cell-level or beam-level comprise cell-level or beam-level RSRP / RSRQ.
[0165] In some example embodiments, the assistance device comprises a Network-controlled repeater (NCR) or a reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) .
[0166] FIG. 7 illustrates a flowchart of a communication method 700 implemented at a network device in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. For the purpose of discussion, the method 700 will be described from the perspective of the network device 120 in FIG. 1.
[0167] At block 710, the network device 120 receives, from a terminal device, a first measurement report comprising measurement results of a first set of reference signals within a time duration, or a request for activating an assistance device for providing an assistant service to the terminal device;
[0168] At block 720, the network device 120 activates the assistance device based on the request or a determination that the information about the measurement results meets an activation condition; and
[0169] At block 730, the network device 120 receives, from the terminal device, a second measurement report comprising measurement results of a second set of reference signals, the second set of reference signals being transmitted from the network device after the assistance device is activated.
[0170] In some example embodiments, the network device 120 may in response to that a quality offset of a first quality value relative to a reference quality value is larger than or equal to a first threshold, determine a second period shorter than a first period for measuring a third set of reference signals before the selection of the second period, the reference quality value and the first quality value being obtained by measuring a third set of reference signals at a reference time instant and a first time instant later than and adjacent to the reference time instant in a configured reporting time interval according to the first period; and transmit, to the terminal device 110, configuration information about the second period.
[0171] In some example embodiments, the network device 120 may determine whether a quality offset of a third quality value relative to a second quality value in the information about the measurement results of the first set of reference signals is larger than or equal to a second threshold, the third quality value and the second quality value being obtained by measuring the first set of reference signals at a third time instant and a second time instant earlier than the third time instant in the time duration; and in accordance with a determination that the quality offset is larger than or equal to the second threshold, determine that the information about the measurement results meets the activation condition.
[0172] In some example embodiments, the network device 120 may determine whether the activation of the assistance device is useful for the terminal device based on the second measurement report; and in accordance with a determination that the activation of the assistance device is not useful, trigger a cell handover procedure.
[0173] In some example embodiments, the network device 120 may determine whether a further quality offset of a reference quality value relative to a fourth quality value in the second measurement report is less than or equal to a third threshold, the reference quality value and the fourth quality value being obtained by measuring the second set of reference signals at a reference time instant and a fourth time instant later than the reference time instant in the time duration, wherein the third threshold is less than the first threshold; in accordance with a determination that the further quality offset is less than or equal to the third threshold, determine that the activation of the assistance device is useful for the terminal device; and in accordance with a determination that the further quality offset is larger than the third threshold, determine that the activation of the assistance device is not useful for the terminal device.
[0174] In some example embodiments, the network device 120 may transmit configuration information of a set of preconfigured periods to the terminal device; and receive, from the terminal device, measurement results of the first set of reference signals according to a second period selected from the set of preconfigured periods, the second period being shorter than a first period for measuring a third set of reference signals before the selection of the second period.
[0175] In some example embodiments, the request for activating an assistance device is received from the terminal device in a case where a quality offset of a third quality value relative to a second quality value is larger than or equal to a second threshold, wherein the third quality value and the second quality value are obtained by measuring the first set of reference signals at a third time instant and a second time instant earlier than the third time instant in the time duration.
[0176] In some example embodiments, the time duration is predefined or configured by the network device.
[0177] In some example embodiments, the first measurement report comprises at least one of: a reference quality value and a first quality value which are obtained by measuring the first set of reference signals at a reference time instant and a first time instant later than the reference time instant in the time duration, the reference quality value and a quality offset of the reference quality value relative to the first quality value, or an index of an event indicating the quality offset is larger than or equal to a first threshold.
[0178] In some example embodiments, the network device 120 may transmit, to the terminal device, a configuration of a second period for measuring the first set of reference signals, the second period being shorter than a first period for measuring a third set of reference signals before the selection of the second period; and receive, from the terminal device, measurement results of the first set of reference signals according to the second period.
[0179] In some example embodiments, the network device 120 may transmit, to the terminal device, a configuration of a second period for measuring the first set of reference signals, the second period being shorter than a first period for measuring a third set of reference signals before the selection of the second period; and receive, from the terminal device, the at least one measurement result of the first set of reference signals obtained according to the second period, the information is transmitted in the case where a quality offset of a third quality value relative to a second quality value is larger than or equal to a second threshold, the third quality value and the second quality value being obtained by measuring the first set of reference signals at a third time instant and a second time instant earlier than the third time instant in the time duration.
[0180] In some example embodiments, the at least one measurement result comprises at least one of: the third quality value, the second quality value, the third time instant, and the second time instant, the third quality value, a quality offset of the third quality value relative to the second quality value, the third time instant, and a time difference between the third time instant and the second time instant, or an index of an event indicating the quality offset is larger than or equal to a second threshold.
[0181] In some example embodiments, the first measurement report indicates a decrease of channel quality is larger than a quality threshold within a time duration, and the network device is further caused to: receive, from the terminal device, the second measurement report comprising a measurement result of the second set of reference signals on access beams of the assistance device; and in accordance with a determination that a target beam identified in a beam failure recovery (BFR) procedure is one of the access beams associated with the second measurement report, determine the target beam of the assistance device is to be used for communication with the terminal device.
[0182] In some example embodiments, a first length of the time duration is larger than a second length of the terminal duration, the first length is associated with a first speed of the terminal device and the second length is associated with a second speed of the terminal device faster than the first speed.
[0183] In some example embodiments, a first value of the first threshold is less than a second value of the first threshold, the first value of the first threshold is associated with a first speed of the terminal device, and the second value of the first threshold is associated with a second speed of the terminal device faster than the first speed, or wherein a third value of the second threshold is less than a fourth value of the first threshold, the third value of the second threshold is associated with a third speed of the terminal device, and the fourth value of the second threshold is associated with a fourth speed of the terminal device faster than the third speed.
[0184] In some example embodiments, the request for activating an assistance device is received from the terminal device in the case where a quality offset of a third quality value relative to a second quality value is larger than or equal to a second threshold, and a speed of the terminal device is lower than a speed threshold, wherein the third quality value and the second quality value are obtained by measuring the first set of reference signals at a third time instant and a second time instant earlier than the third time instant in the time duration.
[0185] In some example embodiments, the request for activating an assistance device comprises an index of an assistance device determined based on location information of a set of assistance devices associated with the network device.
[0186] In some example embodiments, the network device 120 may transmit, to the terminal device, the location information via a Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling comprising system information of a cell of the network device.
[0187] In some example embodiments, the set of assistance devices are indexed within the cell of the network device.
[0188] In some example embodiments, the first measurement report is transmitted in at least one of the following cases: the assistance device is turned off, a speed of the terminal device is less than or equal to a speed threshold, or a channel quality decrease is detected in response to that a maximum difference during a time interval is larger than or equal to a predefined threshold.
[0189] In some example embodiments, the measurement results of the first set of reference signals comprise cell-level or beam-level reference signal received power (RSRP) / reference signal received quality (RSRQ) , and the measurement results of the second set of reference signals are of cell-level or beam-level comprise cell-level or beam-level RSRP / RSRQ.
[0190] In some example embodiments, the assistance device comprises a Network-controlled repeater (NCR) or a reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) .
[0191] FIG. 8 is a simplified block diagram of a device 800 that is suitable for implementing embodiments of the present disclosure. The device 800 can be considered as a further example implementation of any of the devices as shown in FIG. 1. Accordingly, the device 800 can be implemented at or as at least a part of the terminal device 110 or the network device 120.
[0192] As shown, the device 800 includes a processor 810, a memory 820 coupled to the processor 810, a suitable transceiver 840 coupled to the processor 810, and a communication interface coupled to the transceiver 840. The memory 820 stores at least a part of a program 830. The transceiver 840 may be for bidirectional communications or a unidirectional communication based on requirements. The transceiver 840 may include at least one of a transmitter 842 and a receiver 844. The transmitter 842 and the receiver 844 may be functional modules or physical entities. The transceiver 840 has at least one antenna to facilitate communication, though in practice an Access Node mentioned in this application may have several ones. The communication interface may represent any interface that is necessary for communication with other network elements, such as X2 / Xn interface for bidirectional communications between eNBs / gNBs, S1 / NG interface for communication between a Mobility Management Entity (MME) / Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF) / SGW / UPF and the eNB / gNB, Un interface for communication between the eNB / gNB and a relay node (RN) , or Uu interface for communication between the eNB / gNB and a terminal device.
[0193] The program 830 is assumed to include program instructions that, when executed by the associated processor 810, enable the device 800 to operate in accordance with the embodiments of the present disclosure, as discussed herein with reference to FIGS. 3 to 7. The embodiments herein may be implemented by computer software executable by the processor 810 of the device 800, or by hardware, or by a combination of software and hardware. The processor 810 may be configured to implement various embodiments of the present disclosure. Furthermore, a combination of the processor 810 and memory 820 may form processing means 850 adapted to implement various embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0194] The memory 820 may be of any type suitable to the local technical network and may be implemented using any suitable data storage technology, such as a non-transitory computer readable storage medium, semiconductor based memory devices, magnetic memory devices and systems, optical memory devices and systems, fixed memory and removable memory, as non-limiting examples. While only one memory 820 is shown in the device 800, there may be several physically distinct memory modules in the device 800. The processor 810 may be of any type suitable to the local technical network, and may include one or more of general purpose computers, special purpose computers, microprocessors, digital signal processors (DSPs) and processors based on multicore processor architecture, as non-limiting examples. The device 800 may have multiple processors, such as an application specific integrated circuit chip that is slaved in time to a clock which synchronizes the main processor.
[0195] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, a terminal device comprising a circuitry is provided. The circuitry is configured to: transmit, to a network device, a first measurement report comprising measurement results of a first set of reference signals within a time duration, or a request for activating an assistance device for providing an assistant service to the terminal device; and transmit, to the network device, a second measurement report comprising measurement results of a second set of reference signals, the second set of reference signals being transmitted from the network device after the assistance device is activated. According to embodiments of the present disclosure, the circuitry may be configured to perform any method implemented by the terminal device as discussed above.
[0196] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, a network device comprising a circuitry is provided. The circuitry is configured to: receive, from a terminal device, a first measurement report comprising measurement results of a first set of reference signals within a time duration, or a request for activating an assistance device for providing an assistant service to the terminal device; activate the assistance device based on the request or a determination that the information about the measurement results meets an activation condition; and receive, from the terminal device, a second measurement report comprising measurement results of a second set of reference signals, the second set of reference signals being transmitted from the network device after the assistance device is activated. According to embodiments of the present disclosure, the circuitry may be configured to perform any method implemented by the network device as discussed above.
[0197] The term “circuitry” used herein may refer to hardware circuits and / or combinations of hardware circuits and software. For example, the circuitry may be a combination of analog and / or digital hardware circuits with software / firmware. As a further example, the circuitry may be any portions of hardware processors with software including digital signal processor (s) , software, and memory (ies) that work together to cause an apparatus, such as a terminal device or a network device, to perform various functions. In a still further example, the circuitry may be hardware circuits and or processors, such as a microprocessor or a portion of a microprocessor, that requires software / firmware for operation, but the software may not be present when it is not needed for operation. As used herein, the term circuitry also covers an implementation of merely a hardware circuit or processor (s) or a portion of a hardware circuit or processor (s) and its (or their) accompanying software and / or firmware.
[0198] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, a terminal apparatus is provided. The terminal apparatus comprises means for transmitting, to a network device, a first measurement report comprising measurement results of a first set of reference signals within a time duration, or a request for activating an assistance device for providing an assistant service to the terminal device; and means for transmitting, to the network device, a second measurement report comprising measurement results of a second set of reference signals, the second set of reference signals being transmitted from the network device after the assistance device is activated. In some embodiments, the first apparatus may comprise means for performing the respective operations of the method 600. In some example embodiments, the first apparatus may further comprise means for performing other operations in some example embodiments of the method 600. The means may be implemented in any suitable form. For example, the means may be implemented in a circuitry or software module.
[0199] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, a network apparatus is provided. The network apparatus comprises means for receiving, from a terminal device, a first measurement report comprising measurement results of a first set of reference signals within a time duration, or a request for activating an assistance device for providing an assistant service to the terminal device; means for activating the assistance device based on the request or a determination that the information about the measurement results meets an activation condition; and means for receiving, from the terminal device, a second measurement report comprising measurement results of a second set of reference signals, the second set of reference signals being transmitted from the network device after the assistance device is activated. In some embodiments, the second apparatus may comprise means for performing the respective operations of the method 700. In some example embodiments, the second apparatus may further comprise means for performing other operations in some example embodiments of the method 700. The means may be implemented in any suitable form. For example, the means may be implemented in a circuitry or software module.
[0200] In summary, embodiments of the present disclosure provide the following aspects.
[0201] In an aspect, it is proposed a terminal device comprising: a processor configured to cause the terminal device to: transmit, to a network device, a first measurement report comprising measurement results of a first set of reference signals within a time duration, or a request for activating an assistance device for providing an assistant service to the terminal device; and transmit, to the network device, a second measurement report comprising measurement results of a second set of reference signals, the second set of reference signals being transmitted from the network device after the assistance device is activated.
[0202] In some embodiments, the terminal device is further caused to: select, from a set of preconfigured periods, a second period for measuring the first set of reference signals, the second period being shorter than a first period for measuring a third set of reference signals before the selection of the second period; and transmit, to the network device, measurement results of the first set of reference signals according to the second period.
[0203] In some embodiments, the terminal device is further caused to: in response to that a quality offset of a first quality value relative to a reference quality value is larger than or equal to a first threshold, select the second period, the reference quality value and the first quality value being obtained by measuring the first set of reference signals at a reference time instant and a first time instant later than and adjacent to the reference time instant in the time duration according to the first period.
[0204] In some embodiments, the terminal device is further caused to: in response to that a quality offset of a third quality value relative to a second quality value is larger than or equal to a second threshold, transmit the request for activating the assistance device, the third quality value and the second quality value being obtained by measuring the first set of reference signals at a third time instant and a second time instant earlier than the third time instant in the time duration.
[0205] In some embodiments, the time duration is predefined or configured by the network device.
[0206] In some embodiments, the first measurement report comprises at least one of: a reference quality value and a first quality value which are obtained by measuring the first set of reference signals at a reference time instant and a first time instant later than the reference time instant in the time duration, the reference quality value and a quality offset between the reference quality value and the first quality value, or an index of an event indicating the quality offset is larger than or equal to a first threshold.
[0207] In some embodiments, the terminal device is further caused to: receive, from the network device, a configuration of a second period for measuring the first set of reference signals, the second period being shorter than a first period for measuring a third set of reference signals before the selection of the second period; and transmit, to the network device, measurement results of the first set of reference signals according to the second period.
[0208] In some embodiments, the terminal device is further caused to: receive, from the network device, a configuration of a second period for measuring the first set of reference signals, the second period being shorter than a first period for measuring a third set of reference signals before the selection of the second period; and in response to that a quality offset of a third quality value relative to a second quality value is larger than or equal to a second threshold, transmit the at least one measurement result of the first set of reference signals to the network device, the third quality value and the second quality value being obtained by measuring the first set of reference signals at a third time instant and a second time instant earlier than the third time instant in the time duration.
[0209] In some embodiments, the at least one measurement result comprises at least one of: the third quality value, the second quality value, the third time instant, and the second time instant, the third quality value, a quality offset between the third quality value and the second quality value, the third time instant, and a time difference between the third time instant and the second time instant, or an index of an event indicating the quality offset is larger than or equal to a second threshold.
[0210] In some embodiments, the first measurement report indicates a decrease of channel quality is larger than a quality threshold within a time duration and the terminal device is further caused to: trigger a beam failure recovery (BFR) procedure; measure the second set of reference signals on access beams of the assistance device; and transmit, to the network device, the second measurement report comprising the result of the measuring.
[0211] In some embodiments, a first length of the time duration is larger than a second length of the terminal duration, the first length is associated with a first speed of the terminal device and the second length is associated with a second speed of the terminal device faster than the first speed.
[0212] In some embodiments, a first value of the first threshold is less than a second value of the first threshold, the first value of the first threshold is associated with a first speed of the terminal device, and the second value of the first threshold is associated with a second speed of the terminal device faster than the first speed, or wherein a third value of the second threshold is less than a fourth value of the first threshold, the third value of the second threshold is associated with a third speed of the terminal device, and the fourth value of the second threshold is associated with a fourth speed of the terminal device faster than the third speed.
[0213] In some embodiments, the terminal device is further caused to: in response to that a quality offset between a third quality value relative to a second quality value is larger than or equal to a second threshold and a speed of the terminal device is lower than a speed threshold, transmit the request for activating the assistance device, the third quality value and the second quality value being obtained by measuring the first set of reference signals at a third time instant and a second time instant earlier than the third time instant in the time duration.
[0214] In some embodiments, the terminal device is further caused to: determine an assistance device to be activated based on location information of a set of assistance devices associated with the network device; and transmit the request for activating an assistance device by including an index of the determined assistance device.
[0215] In some embodiments, the terminal device is further caused to: obtain the location information from an Operation Administration and Maintenance (OAM) node, or from a Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling comprising system information of a cell of the network device.
[0216] In some embodiments, the set of assistance devices are indexed within the cell of the network device.
[0217] In some embodiments, the terminal device transmits the first measurement report in at least one of the following cases: the assistance device is turned off, a speed of the terminal device is less than or equal to a speed threshold, or a channel quality decrease is detected in response to that a maximum difference during a time interval is larger than or equal to a predefined threshold.
[0218] In some embodiments, the measurement results of the first set of reference signals comprise cell-level or beam-level reference signal received power (RSRP) / reference signal received quality (RSRQ) , and the measurement results of the second set of reference signals are of cell-level or beam-level comprise cell-level or beam-level RSRP / RSRQ.
[0219] In some embodiments, the assistance device comprises a Network-controlled repeater (NCR) or a reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) .
[0220] In an aspect, it is proposed a network device comprising: a processor configured to cause the network device to: receive, from a terminal device, a first measurement report comprising measurement results of a first set of reference signals within a time duration, or a request for activating an assistance device for providing an assistant service to the terminal device; activate the assistance device based on the request or a determination that the information about the measurement results meets an activation condition; and receive, from the terminal device, a second measurement report comprising measurement results of a second set of reference signals, the second set of reference signals being transmitted from the network device after the assistance device is activated.
[0221] In some embodiments, the network device is further caused to: in response to that a quality offset of a first quality value relative to a reference quality value is larger than or equal to a first threshold, determine a second period shorter than a first period for measuring a third set of reference signals before the selection of the second period, the reference quality value and the first quality value being obtained by measuring a third set of reference signals at a reference time instant and a first time instant later than and adjacent to the reference time instant in a configured reporting time interval according to the first period; and transmit, to the terminal device, configuration information about the second period.
[0222] In some embodiments, the network device is further caused to: determine whether a quality offset of a third quality value relative to a second quality value in the information about the measurement results of the first set of reference signals is larger than or equal to a second threshold, the third quality value and the second quality value being obtained by measuring the first set of reference signals at a third time instant and a second time instant earlier than the third time instant in the time duration; and in accordance with a determination that the quality offset is larger than or equal to the second threshold, determine that the information about the measurement results meets the activation condition.
[0223] In some embodiments, the network device is further caused to: determine whether the activation of the assistance device is useful for the terminal device based on the second measurement report; and in accordance with a determination that the activation of the assistance device is not useful, trigger a cell handover procedure.
[0224] In some embodiments, the network device is further caused to: determine whether a further quality offset of a reference quality value relative to a fourth quality value in the second measurement report is less than or equal to a third threshold, the reference quality value and the fourth quality value being obtained by measuring the second set of reference signals at a reference time instant and a fourth time instant later than the reference time instant in the time duration, wherein the third threshold is less than the first threshold; in accordance with a determination that the further quality offset is less than or equal to the third threshold, determine that the activation of the assistance device is useful for the terminal device; and in accordance with a determination that the further quality offset is larger than the third threshold, determine that the activation of the assistance device is not useful for the terminal device.
[0225] In some embodiments, the network device is further caused to: transmit configuration information of a set of preconfigured periods to the terminal device; and receive, from the terminal device, measurement results of the first set of reference signals according to a second period selected from the set of preconfigured periods, the second period being shorter than a first period for measuring a third set of reference signals before the selection of the second period.
[0226] In some embodiments, the request for activating an assistance device is received from the terminal device in a case where a quality offset of a third quality value relative to a second quality value is larger than or equal to a second threshold, wherein the third quality value and the second quality value are obtained by measuring the first set of reference signals at a third time instant and a second time instant earlier than the third time instant in the time duration.
[0227] In some embodiments, the time duration is predefined or configured by the network device.
[0228] In some embodiments, the first measurement report comprises at least one of: a reference quality value and a first quality value which are obtained by measuring the first set of reference signals at a reference time instant and a first time instant later than the reference time instant in the time duration, the reference quality value and a quality offset of the reference quality value relative to the first quality value, or an index of an event indicating the quality offset is larger than or equal to a first threshold.
[0229] In some embodiments, the network device is further caused to: transmit, to the terminal device, a configuration of a second period for measuring the first set of reference signals, the second period being shorter than a first period for measuring a third set of reference signals before the selection of the second period; and receive, from the terminal device, measurement results of the first set of reference signals according to the second period.
[0230] In some embodiments, the network device is further caused to: transmit, to the terminal device, a configuration of a second period for measuring the first set of reference signals, the second period being shorter than a first period for measuring a third set of reference signals before the selection of the second period; and receive, from the terminal device, the at least one measurement result of the first set of reference signals obtained according to the second period, the information is transmitted in the case where a quality offset of a third quality value relative to a second quality value is larger than or equal to a second threshold, the third quality value and the second quality value being obtained by measuring the first set of reference signals at a third time instant and a second time instant earlier than the third time instant in the time duration.
[0231] In some embodiments, the at least one measurement result comprises at least one of: the third quality value, the second quality value, the third time instant, and the second time instant, the third quality value, a quality offset of the third quality value relative to the second quality value, the third time instant, and a time difference between the third time instant and the second time instant, or an index of an event indicating the quality offset is larger than or equal to a second threshold.
[0232] In some embodiments, the first measurement report indicates a decrease of channel quality is larger than a quality threshold within a time duration, and the network device is further caused to: receive, from the terminal device, the second measurement report comprising a measurement result of the second set of reference signals on access beams of the assistance device; and in accordance with a determination that a target beam identified in a beam failure recovery (BFR) procedure is one of the access beams associated with the second measurement report, determine the target beam of the assistance device is to be used for communication with the terminal device.
[0233] In some embodiments, a first length of the time duration is larger than a second length of the terminal duration, the first length is associated with a first speed of the terminal device and the second length is associated with a second speed of the terminal device faster than the first speed.
[0234] In some embodiments, a first value of the first threshold is less than a second value of the first threshold, the first value of the first threshold is associated with a first speed of the terminal device, and the second value of the first threshold is associated with a second speed of the terminal device faster than the first speed, or wherein a third value of the second threshold is less than a fourth value of the first threshold, the third value of the second threshold is associated with a third speed of the terminal device, and the fourth value of the second threshold is associated with a fourth speed of the terminal device faster than the third speed.
[0235] In some embodiments, the request for activating an assistance device is received from the terminal device in the case where a quality offset of a third quality value relative to a second quality value is larger than or equal to a second threshold, and a speed of the terminal device is lower than a speed threshold, wherein the third quality value and the second quality value are obtained by measuring the first set of reference signals at a third time instant and a second time instant earlier than the third time instant in the time duration.
[0236] In some embodiments, the request for activating an assistance device comprises an index of an assistance device determined based on location information of a set of assistance devices associated with the network device.
[0237] In some embodiments, the network device is further caused to: transmit, to the terminal device, the location information via a Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling comprising system information of a cell of the network device.
[0238] In some embodiments, the set of assistance devices are indexed within the cell of the network device.
[0239] In some embodiments, the first measurement report is transmitted in at least one of the following cases: the assistance device is turned off, a speed of the terminal device is less than or equal to a speed threshold, or a channel quality decrease is detected in response to that a maximum difference during a time interval is larger than or equal to a predefined threshold.
[0240] In some embodiments, the measurement results of the first set of reference signals comprise cell-level or beam-level reference signal received power (RSRP) / reference signal received quality (RSRQ) , and the measurement results of the second set of reference signals are of cell-level or beam-level comprise cell-level or beam-level RSRP / RSRQ.
[0241] In some embodiments, the assistance device comprises a Network-controlled repeater (NCR) or a reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) .
[0242] In an aspect, a terminal device comprises: at least one processor; and at least one memory coupled to the at least one processor and storing instructions thereon, the instructions, when executed by the at least one processor, causing the device to perform the method implemented by the terminal device discussed above.
[0243] In an aspect, a network device comprises: at least one processor; and at least one memory coupled to the at least one processor and storing instructions thereon, the instructions, when executed by the at least one processor, causing the device to perform the method implemented by the network device discussed above.
[0244] In an aspect, a computer readable medium having instructions stored thereon, the instructions, when executed on at least one processor, causing the at least one processor to perform the method implemented by the terminal device discussed above.
[0245] In an aspect, a computer readable medium having instructions stored thereon, the instructions, when executed on at least one processor, causing the at least one processor to perform the method implemented by the network device discussed above.
[0246] In an aspect, a computer program comprising instructions, the instructions, when executed on at least one processor, causing the at least one processor to perform the method implemented by the terminal device discussed above.
[0247] In an aspect, a computer program comprising instructions, the instructions, when executed on at least one processor, causing the at least one processor to perform the method implemented by the network device discussed above.
[0248] Generally, various embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented in hardware or special purpose circuits, software, logic or any combination thereof. Some aspects may be implemented in hardware, while other aspects may be implemented in firmware or software which may be executed by a controller, microprocessor or other computing device. While various aspects of embodiments of the present disclosure are illustrated and described as block diagrams, flowcharts, or using some other pictorial representation, it will be appreciated that the blocks, apparatus, systems, techniques or methods described herein may be implemented in, as non-limiting examples, hardware, software, firmware, special purpose circuits or logic, general purpose hardware or controller or other computing devices, or some combination thereof.
[0249] The present disclosure also provides at least one computer program product tangibly stored on a non-transitory computer readable storage medium. The computer program product includes computer-executable instructions, such as those included in program modules, being executed in a device on a target real or virtual processor, to carry out the process or method as described above with reference to FIGS. 1 to 8. Generally, program modules include routines, programs, libraries, objects, classes, components, data structures, or the like that perform particular tasks or implement particular abstract data types. The functionality of the program modules may be combined or split between program modules as desired in various embodiments. Machine-executable instructions for program modules may be executed within a local or distributed device. In a distributed device, program modules may be located in both local and remote storage media.
[0250] Program code for carrying out methods of the present disclosure may be written in any combination of one or more programming languages. These program codes may be provided to a processor or controller of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, or other programmable data processing apparatus, such that the program codes, when executed by the processor or controller, cause the functions / operations specified in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams to be implemented. The program code may execute entirely on a machine, partly on the machine, as a stand-alone software package, partly on the machine and partly on a remote machine or entirely on the remote machine or server.
[0251] The above program code may be embodied on a machine readable medium, which may be any tangible medium that may contain, or store a program for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. The machine readable medium may be a machine readable signal medium or a machine readable storage medium. A machine readable medium may include but not limited to an electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, apparatus, or device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. More specific examples of the machine readable storage medium would include an electrical connection having one or more wires, a portable computer diskette, a hard disk, a random access memory (RAM) , a read-only memory (ROM) , an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or Flash memory) , an optical fiber, a portable compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM) , an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing.
[0252] Further, while operations are depicted in a particular order, this should not be understood as requiring that such operations be performed in the particular order shown or in sequential order, or that all illustrated operations be performed, to achieve desirable results. In certain circumstances, multitasking and parallel processing may be advantageous. Likewise, while several specific implementation details are contained in the above discussions, these should not be construed as limitations on the scope of the present disclosure, but rather as descriptions of features that may be specific to particular embodiments. Certain features that are described in the context of separate embodiments may also be implemented in combination in a single embodiment. Conversely, various features that are described in the context of a single embodiment may also be implemented in multiple embodiments separately or in any suitable sub-combination.
[0253] Although the present disclosure has been described in language specific to structural features and / or methodological acts, it is to be understood that the present disclosure defined in the appended claims is not necessarily limited to the specific features or acts described above. Rather, the specific features and acts described above are disclosed as example forms of implementing the claims.
Claims
1.A terminal device comprising:a processor configured to cause the terminal device to:transmit, to a network device, a first measurement report comprising measurement results of a first set of reference signals within a time duration, or a request for activating an assistance device for providing an assistant service to the terminal device; andtransmit, to the network device, a second measurement report comprising measurement results of a second set of reference signals, the second set of reference signals being transmitted from the network device after the assistance device is activated.2.The device of claim 1, wherein the terminal device is further caused to:select, from a set of preconfigured periods, a second period for measuring the first set of reference signals, the second period being shorter than a first period for measuring a third set of reference signals before the selection of the second period; andtransmit, to the network device, measurement results of the first set of reference signals according to the second period.3.The device of claim 2, wherein the terminal device is further caused to:in response to that a quality offset of a first quality value relative to a reference quality value is larger than or equal to a first threshold, select the second period, the reference quality value and the first quality value being obtained by measuring the first set of reference signals at a reference time instant and a first time instant later than and adjacent to the reference time instant in the time duration according to the first period.4.The device of claim 1, wherein the terminal device is further caused to:in response to that a quality offset of a third quality value relative to a second quality value is larger than or equal to a second threshold, transmit the request for activating the assistance device, the third quality value and the second quality value being obtained by measuring the first set of reference signals at a third time instant and a second time instant earlier than the third time instant in the time duration.5.The device of claim 1, wherein the terminal device is further caused to:receive, from the network device, a configuration of a second period for measuring the first set of reference signals, the second period being shorter than a first period for measuring a third set of reference signals before the selection of the second period; andtransmit, to the network device, measurement results of the first set of reference signals according to the second period.6.The device of claim 1, wherein the terminal device is further caused to:receive, from the network device, a configuration of a second period for measuring the first set of reference signals, the second period being shorter than a first period for measuring a third set of reference signals before the selection of the second period; andin response to that a quality offset of a third quality value relative to a second quality value is larger than or equal to a second threshold, transmit the at least one measurement result of the first set of reference signals to the network device, the third quality value and the second quality value being obtained by measuring the first set of reference signals at a third time instant and a second time instant earlier than the third time instant in the time duration.7.The device of claim 6, wherein the at least one measurement result comprises at least one of:the third quality value, the second quality value, the third time instant, and the second time instant,the third quality value, a quality offset of the third quality value relative to the second quality value, the third time instant, and a time difference between the third time instant and the second time instant, oran index of an event indicating the quality offset is larger than or equal to a second threshold.8.The device of claim 6, wherein the first measurement report indicates a decrease of channel quality is larger than a quality threshold within a time duration and the terminal device is further caused to:trigger a beam failure recovery (BFR) procedure;measure the second set of reference signals on access beams of the assistance device; andtransmit, to the network device, the second measurement report comprising the result of the measuring.9.The device of any of claims 1 to 8, wherein a first length of the time duration is larger than a second length of the terminal duration, the first length is associated with a first speed of the terminal device and the second length is associated with a second speed of the terminal device faster than the first speed.10.The device of any of claims 3, 4, and 6, wherein a first value of the first threshold is less than a second value of the first threshold, the first value of the first threshold is associated with a first speed of the terminal device, and the second value of the first threshold is associated with a second speed of the terminal device faster than the first speed, orwherein a third value of the second threshold is less than a fourth value of the first threshold, the third value of the second threshold is associated with a third speed of the terminal device, and the fourth value of the second threshold is associated with a fourth speed of the terminal device faster than the third speed.11.The device of claim 1, wherein the terminal device is further caused to:in response to that a quality offset between a third quality value relative to a second quality value is larger than or equal to a second threshold and a speed of the terminal device is lower than a speed threshold, transmit the request for activating the assistance device, the third quality value and the second quality value being obtained by measuring the first set of reference signals at a third time instant and a second time instant earlier than the third time instant in the time duration.12.The device of claim 1, wherein the terminal device is further caused to:determine an assistance device to be activated based on location information of a set of assistance devices associated with the network device; andtransmit the request for activating an assistance device by including an index of the determined assistance device.13.The device of any of claims 1 to 12, wherein the terminal device transmits the first measurement report in at least one of the following cases:the assistance device is turned off,a speed of the terminal device is less than or equal to a speed threshold, ora channel quality decrease is detected in response to that a maximum difference during a time interval is larger than or equal to a predefined threshold.14.The device of any of claims 1 to 13, wherein the assistance device comprises a Network-controlled repeater (NCR) or a reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) .15.A network device comprising:a processor configured to cause the network device to:receive, from a terminal device, a first measurement report comprising measurement results of a first set of reference signals within a time duration, or a request for activating an assistance device for providing an assistant service to the terminal device;activate the assistance device based on the request or a determination that the information about the measurement results meets an activation condition; andreceive, from the terminal device, a second measurement report comprising measurement results of a second set of reference signals, the second set of reference signals being transmitted from the network device after the assistance device is activated.16.The device of claim 15, wherein the network device is further caused to:in response to that a quality offset of a first quality value relative to a reference quality value is larger than or equal to a first threshold, determine a second period shorter than a first period for measuring a third set of reference signals before the selection of the second period, the reference quality value and the first quality value being obtained by measuring a third set of reference signals at a reference time instant and a first time instant later than and adjacent to the reference time instant in a configured reporting time interval according to the first period; andtransmit, to the terminal device, configuration information about the second period.17.The device of claim 16, wherein the network device is further caused to:determine whether a quality offset of a third quality value relative to a second quality value in the information about the measurement results of the first set of reference signals is larger than or equal to a second threshold, the third quality value and the second quality value being obtained by measuring the first set of reference signals at a third time instant and a second time instant earlier than the third time instant in the time duration; andin accordance with a determination that the quality offset is larger than or equal to the second threshold, determine that the information about the measurement results meets the activation condition.18.The device of claim 16, wherein the network device is further caused to:determine whether the activation of the assistance device is useful for the terminal device based on the second measurement report; andin accordance with a determination that the activation of the assistance device is not useful, trigger a cell handover procedure.19.The device of claim 18, wherein the network device is further caused to:determine whether a further quality offset of a reference quality value relative to a fourth quality value in the second measurement report is less than or equal to a third threshold, the reference quality value and the fourth quality value being obtained by measuring the second set of reference signals at a reference time instant and a fourth time instant later than the reference time instant in the time duration, wherein the third threshold is less than the first threshold;in accordance with a determination that the further quality offset is less than or equal to the third threshold, determine that the activation of the assistance device is useful for the terminal device; andin accordance with a determination that the further quality offset is larger than the third threshold, determine that the activation of the assistance device is not useful for the terminal device.20.The device of claim 15, wherein the network device is further caused to:transmit configuration information of a set of preconfigured periods to the terminal device; andreceive, from the terminal device, measurement results of the first set of reference signals according to a second period selected from the set of preconfigured periods, the second period being shorter than a first period for measuring a third set of reference signals before the selection of the second period.
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