Machining and fixing device for cylindrical workpiece

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of cylindrical workpiece machining, in particular to a machining and fixing device for a cylindrical workpiece. The device comprises a positioning column for sleeving of a cylindrical workpiece, wherein the positioning column comprises an insertion end adapted to be inserted into a placement cavity of the cylindrical workpiece, the insertion end having a supporting end surface for providing support for the cavity bottom wall of the placement cavity; and a plurality of first air guide grooves are recessedly formed in the side surface of the positioning column, one end of each first air guide groove extending to the supporting end surface, and the other end of each first air guide groove extending out of the insertion end. According to the preferred machining and fixing device for a cylindrical workpiece of the present invention, the cylindrical workpiece can be more easily sleeved in place, so that the cylindrical workpiece sleeved thereon can be subjected to a punching operation in a more stable state, thereby improving the hole forming precision; and the cylindrical workpiece sleeved thereon can be disengaged more easily, thereby improving the overall machining efficiency of the cylindrical workpiece.

Description

A machining and fixing device for cylindrical workpieces Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of cylindrical workpiece processing, and more particularly to a cylindrical workpiece processing and retaining device. Background Art

[0002] Cylindrical workpieces are often used in the military and aerospace industries, serving as the outer shells of artillery shells or signal devices. For example, the cylindrical workpiece shown in Figure 1 below includes a base plate and an annular wall disposed on one side of the base plate. Together, the base plate and the annular wall form a cavity with an open end. This cavity serves as a storage chamber for devices or fuel. To connect the objects in the cavity to external components, holes must be drilled in the base plate.

[0003] When drilling a cylindrical workpiece, it needs to be fixed in place. Since the interior of the cylindrical workpiece is a hollow structure, in order to avoid deformation caused by clamping, the existing cylindrical workpiece is mostly fixed in place by being mounted on a positioning column (that is, the positioning column is inserted into the storage cavity to achieve the mounting of the cylindrical workpiece).

[0004] At this point, it should be noted that: since cylindrical workpieces are used in fields such as military industry and aerospace that require high precision, there is a need for high-precision drilling of cylindrical workpieces. The positioning column needs to be set as close as possible to the contour of the storage cavity of the cylindrical workpiece, so that when the cylindrical workpiece is mounted on the positioning column, the inner wall of the cylindrical workpiece (that is, the cavity wall of the storage cavity) can fit tightly against the positioning column, so that the cylindrical workpiece can be mounted and positioned on the positioning column with high positioning accuracy and high stability, providing a basis for subsequent high-precision drilling operations.

[0005] However, in actual use, it was found that when the cylindrical workpiece was pressed and fitted onto the above-mentioned positioning column, the cylindrical workpiece often could not be fitted into place, which in turn affected the subsequent drilling operation and affected the hole forming accuracy; and there were also great difficulties in detaching the fitted cylindrical workpiece from the positioning column, which greatly affected the overall processing efficiency of the cylindrical workpiece. Technical Solutions

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to address the shortcomings of the existing technology and provide a processing and fixing device for a cylindrical workpiece, which can not only allow the cylindrical workpiece to be put into place more easily, so that the cylindrical workpiece put thereon can be punched in a more stable state to improve the hole-forming accuracy; but also can more easily allow the cylindrical workpiece put thereon to be detached, so as to improve the overall processing efficiency of the cylindrical workpiece.

[0007] The technical solutions of the present invention are as follows:

[0008] A cylindrical workpiece machining and retaining device is used to retain a cylindrical workpiece having a storage cavity with one end open and a bottom wall of the storage cavity that requires a hole. The device is designed to improve the effectiveness and convenience of installing the cylindrical workpiece and the convenience of disassembling the cylindrical workpiece while maintaining high positioning accuracy and high stability. The cylindrical workpiece machining and retaining device includes:

[0009] A positioning column for a cylindrical workpiece, comprising an insertion end adapted to be inserted into a storage cavity of the cylindrical workpiece, wherein the insertion end has: a supporting end surface for providing support to a bottom wall of the storage cavity;

[0010] A plurality of first air guide grooves are formed concavely on the side surface of the positioning column, one end of the first air guide groove extends to the support end surface, and the other end extends outside the insertion end, so as to form:

[0011] When the cylindrical workpiece is fitted on the positioning post, an exhaust passage is provided for exhausting the air between the cylindrical workpiece and the positioning post so that the cylindrical workpiece can be fitted into place;

[0012] Furthermore, when the sleeved cylindrical workpiece is separated from the positioning post, air is supplied to the ventilation channel between the cylindrical workpiece and the positioning post to balance the air pressure inside and outside the cylindrical workpiece.

[0013] As a further preferred solution, a plurality of second air guide grooves are provided on the support end surface, and each of the second air guide grooves is connected to one of the first air guide grooves.

[0014] As a further preferred solution, the first air guide groove extends on the side surface of the positioning column in a direction of extension of the insertion end.

[0015] As a further preferred solution, the support end surface is provided with: an avoidance groove with a notch facing the cavity bottom wall and matching the hole to be formed on the cavity bottom wall.

[0016] As a further preferred solution, the diameter of the groove opening of the avoidance groove is set to be larger than the diameter of the hole formed on the bottom wall of the cavity.

[0017] As a further preferred solution, an air filling groove is concavely formed on the side surface of the insertion end, and the air filling groove is connected to the first air guide groove.

[0018] As a further preferred solution, a plurality of exhaust grooves are provided on the support end surface, and the plurality of exhaust grooves are distributed in a ring shape around the avoidance groove, and each of the exhaust grooves is communicated with the avoidance groove.

[0019] As a further preferred solution, the avoidance groove is connected to the exhaust groove through a connecting groove provided on the supporting end surface.

[0020] As a further preferred solution, the avoidance groove is connected to the exhaust groove through an air connection channel provided in the insertion end.

[0021] As a further preferred solution, a plurality of the exhaust slots are distributed around the avoidance slot at equal intervals. Beneficial effects

[0022] The main beneficial effects of the above technical solution are:

[0023] By providing a first air guide groove according to the sleeve action of the cylindrical workpiece, the following is achieved:

[0024] When the cylindrical workpiece is fitted onto the positioning column, the air between the cylindrical workpiece and the positioning column can be discharged outward from the first air guide groove, so that the cylindrical workpiece can be fitted into place more easily and smoothly, and the cylindrical workpiece fitted onto the positioning column can be punched in a more stable state to improve the hole forming accuracy.

[0025] When the sleeved cylindrical workpiece is separated from the positioning column, external air can enter between the cylindrical workpiece and the positioning column from the first air guide groove to drive the air pressure inside and outside the cylindrical workpiece to be better balanced, thereby making the sleeved cylindrical workpiece able to be separated more easily, thereby improving the overall processing efficiency of the cylindrical workpiece.

[0026] Further or more detailed beneficial effects will be described in conjunction with specific examples in the specific implementation manner. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0028] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the cylindrical workpiece structure.

[0029] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a cylindrical workpiece set.

[0030] FIG3 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the processing retaining device.

[0031] FIG4 is a schematic diagram of a cylindrical workpiece mounted on a machining retaining device.

[0032] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the cylindrical workpiece set action.

[0033] FIG6 is a schematic diagram showing the correspondence between the cavity bottom hole and the avoidance groove.

[0034] FIG7 is a schematic diagram of a connecting structure of the exhaust groove and the avoidance groove.

[0035] FIG8 is a schematic diagram of another communication structure between the exhaust groove and the avoidance groove.

[0036] FIG9 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the air connection channel.

[0037] As shown in the figure: cylindrical workpiece-a, storage cavity-a01, cavity bottom wall-a1, cavity bottom hole-a101, annular wall-a2, positioning column-1, insertion end-101, supporting end face-1011, second air guide groove-1011a, avoidance groove-1011b, exhaust groove-1011c, connecting groove-1011d, inflation groove-1012, air connecting channel-1013, first air guide groove-102, avoidance groove-1011b, base-2, top pressure plate-3, avoidance hole-301, clamping groove-302, first pillar-4, second pillar-5, limit nut-6. Modes for Carrying Out the Invention

[0038] The present invention is specifically described below with reference to the embodiments: Example

[0039] A cylindrical workpiece machining and retaining device, as shown in Figures 2 to 9, is used to retain a cylindrical workpiece a.

[0040] Among them, the cylindrical workpiece a, as shown in FIG1 , includes a base plate and an annular wall a2 arranged on one side of the base plate. The base plate and the annular wall a2 together surround a storage cavity a01 with an opening at one end (for example, the lower end opening in FIG1 ); at this time, the base plate forms the cavity bottom wall a1 of the storage cavity a01, and the annular wall a2 forms the cavity side wall of the storage cavity a01. When the cylindrical workpiece a is used in the military and aerospace fields, it is often necessary to perform a drilling process on the cavity bottom wall a1. Moreover, since the cylindrical workpiece a with the storage cavity a01 is a hollow structure, the method of applying a clamping force to the cylindrical workpiece a from the outside to fix the cylindrical workpiece a can easily cause the cylindrical workpiece a to be concave and deformed. Therefore, in this embodiment, a positioning column 1 is provided for the cylindrical workpiece a to be mounted to fix the cylindrical workpiece a.

[0041] Specifically, as shown in FIG2 , the positioning post 1 in this embodiment is a vertically extending column. Its upper end includes an insertion end 101 for upward insertion into the storage cavity a01 of the cylindrical workpiece a. The insertion end 101 has a support end surface 1011 for providing support against the bottom wall a1 of the storage cavity a01. Insertion end 101 is inserted into the storage cavity a01 to secure the cylindrical workpiece a onto the positioning post 1. The support end surface 1011 mates with the bottom wall a1, securing the cylindrical workpiece a securely on the positioning post 1.

[0042] It should be noted that in order to ensure that the cylindrical workpiece a, when fitted onto the positioning post 1, is retained with high positioning accuracy and high stability, the outer contour of the insertion end 101 is adapted to the contour of the storage cavity a01, so that the insertion end 101 can be inserted and inserted into the storage cavity a01 of the cylindrical workpiece a. That is, after insertion, the cavity wall of the storage cavity a01 conforms to the outer contour of the insertion end 101. When the cylindrical workpiece a is properly fitted onto the positioning post 1, it is retained in place to meet the drilling requirements.

[0043] In actual use, it was discovered that when the cylindrical workpiece a was inserted as shown in FIG2 , the sidewalls of the placement chamber a01 (annular wall a2) closely adhered to the side of the insertion end 101. This prevented the smooth escape of a large amount of air between the cylindrical workpiece a and the positioning post 1. This air was compressed between the cylindrical workpiece a and the positioning post 1, preventing the cylindrical workpiece a from being inserted properly. Consequently, the chamber bottom wall a1 was left unsupported and suspended, effectively securing the cylindrical workpiece a. Under these circumstances, drilling the chamber bottom wall a1 was prone to deformation, resulting in large deviations in the resulting hole and poor hole accuracy. Moreover, at this time, since most of the air is discharged outward when the insertion end 101 is inserted into the storage cavity a01, a low-pressure area approaching a vacuum state is formed inside the storage cavity a01, or between the cylindrical workpiece a and the positioning column 1 (especially between the side of the insertion end 101 and the side wall of the storage cavity a01), making it impossible for the cylindrical workpiece a to be smoothly separated vertically from the positioning column 1 under the action of atmospheric pressure.

[0044] Based on this, in order to facilitate the installation and removal of the cylindrical workpiece a, a plurality of exhaust channels for exhausting gas can be provided on the positioning column 1 according to needs.

[0045] However, drilling holes in the positioning column 1 to form various exhaust channels is not only difficult to process and time-consuming and labor-intensive, but also difficult to clean. Once debris formed by the drilling falls into the exhaust channel and forms a blockage, it will take a long time to clean it or the positioning column 1 will have to be directly replaced.

[0046] Therefore, in this embodiment, on the basis of improving the effectiveness and convenience of installing the cylindrical workpiece and the convenience of disassembling the cylindrical workpiece, a first air guide groove 102 is provided for the purpose of facilitating the processing of the positioning column 1, facilitating subsequent cleaning, and avoiding the formation of different channels according to the requirements of installing and disassembling the cylindrical workpiece.

[0047] Specifically, as shown in Figures 3 and 5, by digging out material on the side of the positioning column 1, a number of first air guide grooves 102 can be formed in a concave manner on the side of the positioning column 1. One end of the first air guide groove 102 extends to the support end surface 1011, and the other end extends to the outside of the insertion end 101, that is, the area on the side of the positioning column 1 that is not covered by the insertion end 101. For example, as shown in Figure 4, the lower end of the first air guide groove 102 extends to below the insertion end 101.

[0048] At this time, the first air guide groove 102 forms an exhaust channel for the air between the cylindrical workpiece a and the positioning post 1 to be exhausted when the cylindrical workpiece a is fitted onto the positioning post 1, thereby enabling the cylindrical workpiece a to be fitted into place. That is, when the cylindrical workpiece a is fitted onto the positioning post 1, the air between the cylindrical workpiece a and the positioning post 1 can be exhausted outward from the first air guide groove, allowing the cylindrical workpiece a to be fitted into place. That is, the cylindrical workpiece a can be fitted until the support end face 1011 contacts the cavity bottom wall a1. The support end face 1011 provides stable support for the cavity bottom wall a1 to be drilled, thereby effectively retaining the cylindrical workpiece a. The cylindrical workpiece a fitted onto the positioning post 1 can be drilled in a more stable state, thereby improving the accuracy of the hole.

[0049] The first air guide groove 102 also forms a ventilation channel that allows air to enter between the cylindrical workpiece a and the positioning post 1 when the sleeved cylindrical workpiece a is removed from the positioning post 1, thereby balancing the air pressure inside and outside the cylindrical workpiece a. Specifically, when the sleeved cylindrical workpiece a is removed from the positioning post 1, external air can enter between the cylindrical workpiece a and the positioning post 1 through the first air guide groove, thereby better balancing the air pressure inside and outside the cylindrical workpiece a (the side of the cylindrical workpiece a facing the insertion end 101 being the inside, and the side facing away from the insertion end 101 being the outside). This further facilitates the removal of the sleeved cylindrical workpiece a, thereby improving the overall processing efficiency of the cylindrical workpiece.

[0050] Of course, by providing the first air guide groove 102, the contact area between the cylindrical workpiece a and the side of the insertion end 101 can be reduced, and the friction between the cylindrical workpiece a and the insertion end 101 can be weakened, so that the cylindrical workpiece a can be assembled / disassembled more easily and smoothly.

[0051] As shown in FIG3 , a certain amount of material can be dug out on the support end surface 1011 to form a plurality of second air guide grooves 1011a which are recessed and have the grooves facing the cavity bottom wall a1. Each second air guide groove 1011a is connected to a first air guide groove 102 to further enhance the exhaust function of the first air guide groove 102 when the cylindrical workpiece a is mounted on the positioning column 1, and the air pressure balancing function of the first air guide groove 102 when the mounted cylindrical workpiece a is separated from the positioning column 1.

[0052] When the above-mentioned requirements for the arrangement of the two ends of the first air guiding groove 102 are met, the first air guiding groove 102 can be extended arbitrarily on the side surface of the positioning column 1 .

[0053] In this embodiment, to facilitate insertion, the insertion end 101 generally extends in the direction of insertion of the cylindrical workpiece a. In this case, the first air guide groove 102 preferably extends along the side of the positioning post 1, aligning with (preferably parallel to, but with some degree of deviation from) the extension direction of the insertion end 101. This allows for rapid exhaust of air via the shortest possible path when the cylindrical workpiece a is inserted into the positioning post 1. When the inserted cylindrical workpiece a is removed from the positioning post 1, air can flow between the cylindrical workpiece a and the positioning post 1 in the easiest and smoothest way possible, thereby balancing the pressure inside and outside the cylindrical workpiece a.

[0054] When the cylindrical workpiece a is mounted on the positioning column 1 as shown in FIG4 or FIG5B, a hole can be punched on the bottom wall a1 away from the storage cavity a01. The hole can be a blind hole or a cavity bottom hole a101 with a through hole structure as shown in FIG6.

[0055] When it is necessary to process the cavity bottom wall a1 to form a through hole.

[0056] As shown in FIG3 , the support end surface 1011 may be provided with a recessed escape groove 1011b with its opening facing the cavity bottom wall a1. The position of the escape groove 1011b matches the position of the hole to be formed in the cavity bottom wall a1 (e.g., cavity bottom hole a101), and the diameter of the opening of the groove matches the diameter of the hole to be formed in the cavity bottom wall a1 (e.g., cavity bottom hole a101). This ensures that when a drill is used to drill a hole in the cavity bottom wall a1, the drill can pass through the cavity bottom wall a1 and rest in the escape groove 1011b without colliding with the positioning post 1.

[0057] Furthermore, considering that there is usually no structure on the outer periphery of the cylindrical workpiece a for gripping and pulling the cylindrical workpiece a, the diameter of the groove 1011b in this embodiment can be set to be larger than the diameter of the hole formed on the cavity bottom wall a1. In this way, when the cylindrical workpiece a is fixed in place as shown in Figure 6, and the hole is drilled on the cavity bottom wall a1 of the cylindrical workpiece a, a high-pressure gas injection device such as a high-pressure air gun can be used to spray high-pressure gas from the cavity bottom hole a101 toward the avoidance groove 1011b. At this time, a portion of the cavity bottom wall a1 is placed above the avoidance groove 1011b. The high-pressure gas in the avoidance groove 1011b will provide a force on the cavity bottom wall a1 to tend to separate the cavity bottom wall a1 from the insertion end 101, thereby driving the cylindrical workpiece a to separate from the positioning column 1, or more precisely, driving the cavity bottom wall a1 to more easily separate from the insertion end 101 upward, so that the cylindrical workpiece a can be disassembled more conveniently.

[0058] In this case, the larger the escape groove 1011b, the larger the effective area of ​​the cavity bottom wall a1 when the high-pressure gas is injected, and the easier it is to drive the cylindrical workpiece a upward and away from the positioning column 1. However, an overly large escape groove 1011b will result in an inability to effectively support the cavity bottom wall a1. Therefore, in actual use, the diameter of the groove opening of the escape groove 1011b is preferably 4 mm to 10 mm larger than the diameter of the cavity bottom hole a101.

[0059] Moreover, it should be further explained that in actual use, when high-pressure gas is excessively sprayed into the avoidance groove 1011b in the state shown in Figure 6, it is easy for the gas pressure in the avoidance groove 1011b to be too high, resulting in a bulge on the side wall of the cavity bottom hole a101 and the possibility of a certain deformation of the cavity bottom wall a1.

[0060] Therefore, the diameter of the groove opening of the avoidance groove 1011b is not easy to be set too large, so that when high-pressure gas is excessively sprayed into the avoidance groove 1011b in the state shown in Figure 6, the pushing effect of the high-pressure gas on the side wall of the cavity bottom hole a101 can be weakened.

[0061] At this time, as shown in Figures 7 to 8, the support end surface 1011 can be formed by digging out material to form a plurality of exhaust grooves 1011c with recesses and grooves facing the cavity bottom wall a1. The plurality of exhaust grooves 1011c are distributed in a ring shape around the avoidance groove 1011b, and each exhaust groove 1011c is connected to the avoidance groove 1011b.

[0062] In this way, when high-pressure gas is injected into the avoidance groove 1011b, the high-pressure gas will flow into the exhaust groove 1011c, which not only diverts the gas pressure in the avoidance groove 1011b to prevent excessive concentration of gas pressure in the avoidance groove 1011b, but also increases the area of ​​action of the high-pressure gas on the cavity bottom wall a1 when the high-pressure gas is injected into the avoidance groove 1011b, thereby improving the overall pushing effect on the cavity bottom wall a1. In order to minimize the pushing effect on the side wall of the cavity bottom hole a101, the exhaust groove 1011c can be set on the support end surface 1011 as far away from the avoidance groove 1011b as possible under the conditions allowed by the setting.

[0063] In order to ensure that the high-pressure gas can provide a balanced thrust to the cavity bottom wall a1 when the high-pressure gas is injected into the avoidance groove 1011b, a plurality of exhaust grooves 1011c can be distributed around the avoidance groove 1011b at equal intervals.

[0064] In one form, as shown in FIG. 7 , the avoidance groove 1011 b may be connected to the exhaust groove 1011 c via a connecting groove 1011 d recessed on the support end surface 1011 .

[0065] Alternatively, in another embodiment, as shown in Figures 8 and 9 , the avoidance groove 1011b can be connected to the exhaust groove 1011c via a gas connection channel 1013 provided in the insertion end 101. Furthermore, by connecting the avoidance groove 1011b with the exhaust groove 1011c via the gas connection channel 1013 provided in the insertion end 101, rather than the connecting groove 1011d on the support end surface 1011, the avoidance groove 1011b can be connected to the exhaust groove 1011c. This can better prevent excessive pressure on the sidewall of the cavity bottom hole a101 when high-pressure gas is injected into the avoidance groove 1011b.

[0066] Furthermore, when a high-pressure air gun is used to spray high-pressure gas into the avoidance groove 1011b, driving the cavity bottom wall a1 away from the support end surface 1011, and then continuing to spray high-pressure gas, this high-pressure gas will enter the first air guide groove 102, flow between the side of the positioning column 1 and the cylindrical workpiece a, and then flow outward from the end of the first air guide groove 102 that is located outside the insertion end 101. In order to ensure that this gas can be placed between the side of the positioning column 1 and the cylindrical workpiece a for a longer period of time, it can provide assistance in the separation of the cylindrical workpiece a (the cylindrical workpiece a moves in the direction opposite to the insertion direction to separate from the positioning column 1).

[0067] As shown in Figures 7 and 8, in this embodiment, a gas filling groove 1012 can be formed concavely on the side of the insertion end 101, and the gas filling groove 1012 is connected to the first gas guide groove 102, so that when the cavity bottom wall a1 is separated from the support end surface 1011, high-pressure gas is ejected into the avoidance groove 1011b. These high-pressure gases can enter the gas filling groove 1012 from the first gas guide groove 102 to form a thrust that drives the side wall of the cylindrical workpiece a to be separated from the side of the positioning column 1, thereby providing assistance for the separation of the cylindrical workpiece a. Of course, in order to enable the gas to flow to the gas filling groove 1012 first, rather than flowing out from the end of the first gas guide groove 102 outside the insertion end 101, in this embodiment, the cross-sectional area of ​​the first gas guide groove 102 is preferably smaller than the cross-sectional area of ​​the communication channel between the gas filling groove 1012 and the first gas guide groove 102.

[0068] Furthermore, the gas filling groove 1012 in this embodiment is preferably an annular groove provided around the outer circumference of the insertion end 101, and each first gas guide groove 102 is connected to the gas filling groove 1012. When the gas filling groove 1012 is filled with high-pressure gas, it can provide more balanced assistance to the cylindrical workpiece a during separation, thereby reducing the possibility of the cylindrical workpiece a being deflected during separation.

[0069] On the basis of the above, as shown in Figures 3 to 4, there may also be provided: a limiting structure capable of pressing the cylindrical workpiece a mounted on the positioning column 1, by pressing / not pressing the limiting structure on the cylindrical workpiece a, so that the cylindrical workpiece a is in a fixed state / detachable state (that is, a state that can be detached from the positioning column 1).

[0070] In this embodiment, as shown in FIG3 and FIG4 , the positioning column 1 is fixedly connected to the base 2 .

[0071] Furthermore, as shown in Figures 3 and 4 , the limiting structure includes a top pressure plate 3 , a first support column 4 , a second support column 5 , and a limiting nut 6 .

[0072] The first and second pillars 4 and 5 are respectively arranged on both sides of the positioning column 1. One end of the pressure plate 3 is rotatably connected to the first pillar 4, and the other end is provided with a mounting groove 302 for the second pillar 5 to be mounted thereon. The connection position of the pressure plate 3 on the first pillar 4 is adapted to be mounted on the cylindrical workpiece a mounted on the positioning column 1. As shown in FIG4 , when the pressure plate 3 is rotated to the mounting groove 302 to be mounted thereon with the second pillar 5, the pressure plate 3 can provide a pressing force on the cylindrical workpiece a to prevent it from being separated from the positioning column 1, thereby retaining the cylindrical workpiece a in a fixed state.

[0073] Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 3 , the pressing plate 3 is rotated away from the positioning post 1 , so that the cylindrical workpiece a can be detached from the positioning post 1 .

[0074] Furthermore, in order to limit the pressing force of the pressing plate 3 when the pressing plate 3 is rotated to the engaging groove 302 and the second pillar 5, a limiting nut 6 can be screwed onto the second pillar 5 to provide a pressing force on the pressing plate 3 when the pressing plate 3 and the second pillar 5 are engaged. By turning the limiting nut 6, the limiting nut 6 can be pressed against the pressing plate 3 or not pressed against the pressing plate 3, so that the pressing plate 3 is in a non-rotatable state or a rotatable state.

[0075] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the scope of the present invention. In addition, the terms "vertical," "horizontal," "front," and "rear" used in the embodiments of the present invention to indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientations or positional relationships in which the product is typically placed when in use, are intended only to facilitate the description of the present invention and simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or component referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed, or operate in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting the present invention. It should be further noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "installed," "connected," "connected," and "fixed" used in the description should be understood broadly. For example, "connected" can mean a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a direct connection, an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or internal communication between two components. For those skilled in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood based on the specific circumstances. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in conjunction with embodiments.

[0076] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A processing and fixing device for a cylindrical workpiece, used to fix a cylindrical workpiece (a) with a storage cavity (a01) having an open end and where a hole needs to be drilled on the bottom wall (a1) of the storage cavity (a01), characterized in that, Comprising: A positioning post (1) for a tubular workpiece (a) to be sleeved thereon, which includes an insertion end (101) adapted to be inserted into a placement cavity (a01) of the tubular workpiece (a), and the insertion end (101) has: a supporting end face (1011) for providing support to the bottom wall (a1) of the placement cavity (a01); And a plurality of first air guide grooves (102) are provided on the side surface of the positioning post (1), one end of each first air guide groove (102) extends to the supporting end face (1011), and the other end extends outside the insertion end (101) to form: When the tubular workpiece (a) is sleeved on the positioning post (1), an exhaust passage for exhausting the air between the tubular workpiece (a) and the positioning post (1) so that the tubular workpiece (a) can be sleeved in place; And when the sleeved tubular workpiece (a) is separated from the positioning post (1), a ventilation passage for allowing air to enter between the tubular workpiece (a) and the positioning post (1) to balance the internal and external air pressures of the tubular workpiece (a).

2. The processing and positioning device for a cylindrical workpiece according to claim 1, wherein: A plurality of second air guide grooves (1011a) are provided on the supporting end face (1011), and each second air guide groove (1011a) is communicated with one of the first air guide grooves (102).

3. The processing and fixing device for a cylindrical workpiece according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first air guide grooves (102) extend on the side surface of the positioning post (1) along the extending direction of the insertion end (101).

4. The processing and fixing device for a cylindrical workpiece according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: On the supporting end face (1011), there is provided an avoidance groove (1011b) with a notch facing the bottom wall (a1) and matching the hole to be formed on the bottom wall (a1).

5. The processing and fixing device for a cylindrical workpiece according to claim 4, characterized in that: The notch diameter of the avoidance groove (1011b) is set to be larger than the hole diameter of the bottom wall (a1) when forming the hole.

6. The processing and fixing device for a cylindrical workpiece according to claim 5, wherein: An inflation groove (1012) is provided on the side surface of the insertion end (101), and the inflation groove (1012) is communicated with the first air guide grooves (102).

7. The machining and positioning device for a cylindrical workpiece according to claim 5, wherein: A plurality of exhaust grooves (1011c) are provided on the supporting end face (1011), and the plurality of exhaust grooves (1011c) are annularly distributed around the avoidance groove (1011b), and each exhaust groove (1011c) is communicated with the avoidance groove (1011b).

8. The processing and fixing device for a cylindrical workpiece according to claim 7, characterized in that: The avoidance groove (1011b) is communicated with the exhaust grooves (1011c) through a connecting groove (1011d) provided on the supporting end face (1011).

9. The processing and positioning device for a cylindrical workpiece according to claim 7, wherein: The avoidance groove (1011b) is communicated with the exhaust grooves (1011c) through an air connecting channel (1013) provided inside the insertion end (101).

10. The processing and fixing device for a cylindrical workpiece according to claim 7, characterized in that: The plurality of exhaust grooves (1011c) are distributed around the avoidance groove (1011b) at equal intervals.

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