Endoscope and distal module thereof

Abstract

An endoscope and a distal module (10) thereof. The distal module (10) comprises an end cap (11) and a light-emitting element (14). The end cap (11) is provided with a light-concentrating structure (112) running through the end cap. A first opening (1121) and a second opening (1122) are respectively formed at two ends of the light-concentrating structure (112), the radial size of the light-concentrating structure (112) gradually decreases in the direction from the first opening (1121) to the second opening (1122), and a reflection film is provided on a surface of the light-concentrating structure (112). The light-emitting element (14) is arranged in the light-concentrating structure (112) and is provided with a first surface (141) facing the first opening (1121) and a second surface (142) facing the second opening (1122), wherein the second surface (142) is higher than the second opening (1121) in the direction from the second opening (1122) to the first opening (1121). By means of such an arrangement, the illumination beam angle of the distal module (10) can be reduced, such that the illumination beam angle is closer to the shooting field of view of a camera, thereby sufficiently using light emitted from the light-emitting element to supplement light to the camera, and improving the utilization efficiency of light energy.

Description

Endoscope and its advanced module Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of medical devices, and in particular to an endoscope and a tip module thereof. Background Art

[0002] Endoscopes are used to visually inspect hard-to-reach areas of a patient's internal organs to observe lesions. Typically, an endoscope includes an insertion portion with a handle at the end of the insertion portion closer to the operator, and a tip module at the end of the insertion tube away from the operator. The tip assembly generally includes a camera and light-emitting elements located on opposite sides of the camera. The light-emitting elements can illuminate the lesion area so that the camera can capture an image of the lesion area. However, the beam angle of the two light-emitting elements after superposition is usually much larger than the camera's field of view, resulting in light energy loss and low light energy utilization efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Based on this, it is necessary to provide an endoscope and its front-end module to address the problem of low light energy utilization efficiency of the front-end module of the endoscope.

[0004] A tip module, used in an endoscope, comprising:

[0005] An end cap is provided with a light-concentrating structure penetrating the end cap, a first opening and a second opening are formed at two ends of the light-concentrating structure respectively, a radial dimension of the light-concentrating structure gradually decreases in a direction from the first opening to the second opening, and a reflective film is provided on a surface of the light-concentrating structure; and

[0006] The light emitting element is disposed in the light focusing structure and has a first surface facing the first opening and a second surface facing the second opening. In the direction in which the second opening points to the first opening, the second surface is higher than the second opening.

[0007] The aforementioned tip module is provided with a focusing structure and a reflective film on the end cap to cooperate in focusing the light emitted by the light-emitting element. This can reduce the illumination beam angle of the tip module, making the illumination beam angle closer to the camera's field of view, thereby fully utilizing the light emitted by the light-emitting element to supplement the camera's illumination, thereby improving light energy utilization efficiency. At the same time, the focusing structure on the end cap achieves light convergence, highly integrating the focusing structure with the tip module. This has a simple installation process and low installation cost. The focusing structure occupies a small space and is more adaptable to the small size of the tip module than structures such as reflectors, reducing endoscope damage to patients while also accommodating the focusing of the lower-power light-emitting elements in the tip module. Furthermore, by gradually reducing the radial dimension of the focusing structure, the light field distribution can be effectively controlled, facilitating the convergence of light toward the center of the light field, improving the central illumination and light output efficiency of the illumination field, while also maintaining sufficient illumination and good uniformity at the edge of the field of view, effectively improving the lighting effect.

[0008] In one embodiment, the distance between the first opening and the second opening is greater than or equal to the thickness of the end cap.

[0009] In one embodiment, the end cover has a top cover portion, a side cover portion and a raised portion, the side cover portion is connected to one side of the top cover portion and is connected to a partial contour of the top cover portion, the raised portion is connected to a side of the top cover portion facing the side cover portion, and the position of the focusing structure corresponds to the raised portion and passes through the top cover portion and the raised portion.

[0010] In one embodiment, the cross-sectional shape of the light-concentrating structure on a plane perpendicular to the axial direction of the front-end module is an irregular shape, an axisymmetric shape, a centrally symmetric shape, or a rotationally symmetric shape.

[0011] In one embodiment, the cross-section of the light-concentrating structure on a plane parallel to the axial direction of the front-end module is a plane or a curved surface.

[0012] In one embodiment, the cross-sectional shape of the light-concentrating structure on a plane parallel to the axial direction of the front-end module is a plane, and the cross-sectional shape on a plane perpendicular to the axial direction is a rectangle, and the angle between the cross-sectional profile of the light-concentrating structure on a plane parallel to the axial direction and the axial direction is greater than or equal to 35° and less than or equal to 51°; or,

[0013] The cross-sectional shape of the light-concentrating structure on a plane parallel to the axial direction is a plane, and the cross-sectional shape on a plane perpendicular to the axial direction is a circle. The angle between the cross-sectional profile of the light-concentrating structure on a plane parallel to the axial direction and the axial direction is greater than or equal to 36.3°.

[0014] In one embodiment, the cross-sectional shape of the light-focusing structure on a plane parallel to the axial direction of the tip module is a concave arc surface, and when the ratio of the radial dimensions of the first opening to the second opening is 1.55-2, the curvature of the cross-sectional profile of the light-focusing structure on a plane parallel to the axial direction is greater than or equal to 1.5 and less than or equal to 10; when the ratio of the radial dimensions of the first opening to the second opening is 2.1-2.34, the curvature of the cross-sectional profile of the light-focusing structure on a plane parallel to the axial direction is greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to 2.8; when the ratio of the radial dimensions of the first opening to the second opening is 2.35-2.58, the curvature of the cross-sectional profile of the light-focusing structure on a plane parallel to the axial direction is greater than or equal to 2 and less than or equal to 5.

[0015] In one embodiment, the distance between the first opening and the second opening is greater than or equal to 0.5 mm and less than or equal to 2 mm.

[0016] In one embodiment, the ratio of the edge illuminance to the center illuminance of the illumination field of the light emitting element after passing through the focusing structure at the working distance is greater than or equal to 0.5% and less than or equal to 5%.

[0017] In one embodiment, a cross-sectional dimension of the light-emitting element on a plane perpendicular to the axial direction of the tip module is smaller than a cross-sectional dimension of the second opening of the light-concentrating structure on a plane perpendicular to the axial direction.

[0018] In one embodiment, the reflective film covers the surface of the light-concentrating structure and the surface of the end cap corresponding to the first opening; and / or,

[0019] The reflective film is made of aluminum, silver or chromium.

[0020] In one embodiment, the front-end module also includes a camera, and the end cover is further provided with a light-receiving hole. The camera is arranged corresponding to the light-receiving hole. The end cover is provided with two light-focusing structures, and the two light-focusing structures are respectively provided on two opposite sides of the light-receiving hole. The light-emitting element is provided in both light-focusing structures.

[0021] In one embodiment, the front-end module further includes a light-transmitting sealing structure, which is disposed in the light-concentrating structure and seals a side of the light-emitting element facing the first opening.

[0022] An endoscope comprises an insertion portion and a tip module as described in any one of the above embodiments, wherein the tip module is arranged at the end of the insertion portion. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] FIG1 is a schematic structural diagram of a front-end module in some embodiments.

[0024] FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an end surface of the front-end module shown in FIG. 1 .

[0025] FIG3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the front-end module shown in FIG2 along the AA direction.

[0026] FIG. 4 is a partial enlarged schematic diagram of region D of the front-end module shown in FIG. 3 .

[0027] FIG5 is a schematic structural diagram of the end surface of the front-end module in some other embodiments.

[0028] FIG6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the front-end module shown in FIG5 along the BB direction.

[0029] FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of the end surface of the front-end module in some other embodiments.

[0030] FIG8 is a partially enlarged schematic diagram of a cross section of the front-end module shown in FIG7 along the CC direction.

[0031] FIG9 is a schematic diagram of the lighting effect of the front-end module in the first embodiment of the present application.

[0032] FIG. 10 is a diagram showing the lighting effect of a conventional front-end module without a focusing structure.

[0033] FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram showing the lighting effect of the front-end module according to the second embodiment of the present application.

[0034] FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram showing the lighting effect of the front-end module according to the third embodiment of the present application.

[0035] FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram showing the lighting effect of the front-end module according to the fourth embodiment of the present application.

[0036] FIG. 14 is a diagram showing the lighting effect of another conventional advanced module without a focusing structure.

[0037] FIG. 15 is a diagram showing the illumination distribution of the front-end modules of the fifth and sixth embodiments of the present application.

[0038] FIG. 16 is a diagram showing the illumination distribution of the front-end modules of the sixth and seventh embodiments of the present application.

[0039] FIG. 17 is a diagram showing the illumination distribution of the front-end modules of the eighth and ninth embodiments of the present application.

[0040] FIG18 is a diagram showing the lighting effects of the front-end modules according to the tenth embodiment, the eleventh embodiment, and the twelfth embodiment of the present application, respectively.

[0041] FIG19 is a diagram showing the lighting effects of the front-end modules according to the thirteenth, fourteenth and fifteenth embodiments of the present application, respectively.

[0042] FIG20 is a diagram showing the lighting effects of the front-end modules according to the sixteenth embodiment, the seventeenth embodiment and the eighteenth embodiment of the present application, respectively.

[0043] Reference numerals:

[0044] 10. Advanced module; 11. End cover; 111. End face; 112. Light-collecting structure; 1121. First opening; 1122. Second opening; 113. Light-receiving hole; 114. Top cover; 115. Side cover; 116. Raised portion; 12. Sleeve; 121. Instrument hole; 13. Camera; 14. Light-emitting element; 141. First surface; 142. Second surface; 15. Flexible circuit board; 16. Bracket; 17. Transmission line; 18. Light-transmitting sealing structure; 19. Photosensitive element. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] To make the above-mentioned objects, features, and advantages of the present application more clearly understood, the specific embodiments of the present application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following description sets forth many specific details to facilitate a full understanding of the present application. However, the present application can be implemented in many other ways than those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar improvements without violating the scope of the present application. Therefore, the present application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0046] In the description of this application, it should be understood that if the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. appear, the orientation or position relationship indicated by these terms is based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on this application.

[0047] In addition, if the terms "first" or "second" appear, these terms are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood to indicate or imply relative importance or implicitly specify the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature specified as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of such features. In the description of this application, if the term "plurality" appears, "plurality" means at least two, for example, two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0048] In this application, unless otherwise specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "connected," "fixed," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, these terms may refer to fixed connections, removable connections, or integration; mechanical connections or electrical connections; direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediary; and internal communication between two components or interaction between two components, unless otherwise specified. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of these terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0049] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, if a first feature is described as being "above" or "below" a second feature, or similar descriptions, this may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, when a first feature is described as being "above," "above," or "above" a second feature, it may mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. When a first feature is described as being "below," "below," or "below" a second feature, it may mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is at a lower level than the second feature.

[0050] It should be noted that if an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "disposed on" another element, it may be directly on the other element or there may be an intermediate element. If an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it may be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intermediate element. If any, the terms "vertical", "horizontal", "upper", "lower", "left", "right" and similar expressions used in this application are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only embodiment.

[0051] Please refer to Figures 1, 2 and 3. Figure 1 shows a schematic structural diagram of the tip module 10 in some embodiments, Figure 2 shows a schematic structural diagram of the end face 111 of the tip module 10 in some embodiments, and Figure 3 shows a schematic cross-sectional diagram of the tip module 10 shown in Figure 2 along the AA direction. The tip module 10 provided in the present application can be used in an endoscope. The tip module 10 is equipped with a camera 13 and a light-emitting element 14. The endoscope may also include a handle and an insertion portion, and the two ends of the insertion portion are respectively connected to the handle and the tip module 10. During the use of the endoscope, the insertion portion can be extended into the patient's body, and the light-emitting element 14 can emit light to illuminate the lesion area, thereby supplementing the camera 13 with light. The camera 13 is used to obtain an image of the lesion area for diagnosis or treatment. The light-emitting element 14 includes, but is not limited to, an LED. The camera 13 may include one or more lenses with optical power. The front-end module 10 may also include a photosensitive element 19 located on the light-emitting side of the camera 13. The photosensitive element 19 may include, but is not limited to, a charge-coupled device (CCD) or a complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) sensor. The camera 13 can receive light from the lesion area. After being conditioned by the camera 13, the light is directed to the photosensitive element 19 for photoelectric conversion, thereby outputting image information of the lesion area.

[0052] As shown in Figure 4, Figure 4 is a partial enlarged schematic diagram of the D area of ​​the front-end module 10 shown in Figure 3. In some embodiments, the front-end module 10 includes an end cap 11 and a sleeve 12 that are connected to each other. The camera 13 and the photosensitive element 19 are accommodated in the space formed by the end cap 11 and the sleeve 12. The end cap 11 is provided with a focusing structure 112 that passes through the end cap 11. It can be understood that the focusing structure 112 is formed by the side wall of the groove body that passes through the end cap 11. The two ends of the focusing structure 112 respectively form a first opening 1121 and a second opening 1122. The end cap 11 may have an end surface 111 for facing the lesion area. The first opening 1121 can be formed by the focusing structure 112 on the end surface 111 of the end cap 11. The front-end module 10 may have an axial direction parallel to the direction of the first opening 1121 pointing to the second opening 1122, and the axial direction is parallel to the optical axis of the camera 13. The first opening 1121 and the second opening 1122 can be understood as formed by the cross-sections of the two farthest positions of the focusing structure 112 on a plane perpendicular to the axial direction. In the direction from the first opening 1121 to the second opening 1122 along the axial direction of the front-end module 10, the radial dimension of the focusing structure 112 gradually decreases. The surface of the focusing structure 112, that is, the groove structure that passes through the end cover 11 is used to form the side wall of the focusing structure 112, and a reflective film (not shown in the figure) is provided. The light-emitting element 14 is arranged in the focusing structure 112 and has a first surface 141 facing the first opening 1121 and a second surface 142 facing the second opening 1122. In the direction from the second opening 1122 to the first opening 1121, the second surface 142 is higher than the second opening 1122. In other words, the light emitting element 14 is disposed between the first opening 1121 and the second opening 1122 , and there is a height difference between the second surface 142 of the light emitting element 14 and the second opening 1122 in the axial direction.

[0053] It should be noted that the first surface 141 of the light-emitting element 14 can be the light-emitting surface of the light-emitting element 14, and the first opening 1121 also serves as the light outlet of the light-emitting element 14. The light emitted from the first surface 141 has a divergence angle. When the light emitted from the first surface 141 hits the reflective film of the light-concentrating structure 112, it is reflected by the reflective film and has a tendency to converge toward the central area of ​​the light field. In some embodiments, the light-emitting element 14 can also be a five-sided LED. The light-emitting element 14 can have four side surfaces connected in sequence, and the four side surfaces are respectively connected to the first surface 141 and the second surface 142. The four side surfaces and the first surface 141 can all be the light-emitting surfaces of the light-emitting element 14. The light emitted from the four side surfaces can also hit the light-concentrating structure 112, thereby being reflected by the reflective film on the light-concentrating structure 112 and having a tendency to converge toward the central area of ​​the light field. Using a five-sided light source as the light-emitting element 14 can improve the output power of the light-emitting element 14, thereby improving the illumination intensity of the front-end module 10, meeting the fill light requirements of the camera 13, and coordinating the light-field distribution control effects of the focusing structure 112 and the reflective film, which can better adapt to the lighting requirements of the camera 13.

[0054] The aforementioned front-end module 10 is provided with a focusing structure 112 on the end cap 11 in conjunction with a reflective film to focus the light emitted by the light-emitting element 14. This can reduce the illumination beam angle of the front-end module 10, making the illumination beam angle closer to the shooting field of view of the camera 13, thereby fully utilizing the light emitted by the light-emitting element 14 to supplement the camera 13 and improving the efficiency of light energy utilization. At the same time, the focusing structure 112 on the end cap 11 is used to converge the light, and the focusing structure 112 is highly integrated with the front-end module 10. The installation process is simple and the installation cost is low. The focusing structure 112 occupies a small space and is more adaptable to the small size of the front-end module 10 than structures such as reflectors, thereby reducing damage to the patient caused by the endoscope and accommodating the focusing of the lower-power light-emitting element 14 in the front-end module 10. Furthermore, by gradually reducing the radial dimension of the light-focusing structure 112, the light field distribution can be effectively controlled, helping to converge light toward the center of the light field, thereby improving the central illumination and light extraction efficiency of the illuminated light field. This also allows for sufficient illumination and good uniformity at the edges of the field of view, effectively enhancing the lighting effect. The second surface 142 being higher than the second opening 1122 also reduces the risk of light emitted by the light-emitting element 14 leaking through the second opening 1122, similarly improving the light extraction efficiency of the front-end module 10.

[0055] In some embodiments, the end cap 11 is further provided with a light receiving hole 113. The camera 13 is arranged corresponding to the light receiving hole 113 and can receive light from the lesion area through the light receiving hole 113. The end cap 11 is provided with two light-concentrating structures 112, which are respectively arranged on opposite sides of the light receiving hole 113. Both light-concentrating structures 112 are provided with light-emitting elements 14 to provide fill light to the camera 13 from the opposite sides, thereby improving the image quality of the camera 13.

[0056] It is understandable that the beam angle of a single light-emitting element in a traditional front-end module is usually large. When a light-emitting element is provided at both ends of the camera, the light field angle of the superposition of the beam angles of the two light-emitting elements is much larger than the camera's field of view, resulting in a large amount of light being wasted due to hitting the camera's field of view. However, the front-end module 10 provided in this application is provided with a focusing structure 112 and a reflective film to focus more light from the light-emitting element 14 into the central area of ​​the light field, which can effectively compress the beam angle of the light-emitting element 14, so that the superposition of the light field angle of the two light-emitting elements 14 is not too large, and can well match the camera 13's field of view, reducing the proportion of wasted light, thereby effectively improving the light energy utilization efficiency of the front-end module 10.

[0057] As shown in Figures 1 and 3, in some embodiments, the front-end module 10 may further include components such as a flexible circuit board 15, a bracket 16, and a transmission line 17. The flexible circuit board 15 may be electrically connected to the photosensitive element 19 and the transmission line 17, respectively. The transmission line 17 extends into the handle and is electrically connected to the circuit board in the handle to facilitate transmission of the electrical signal generated by the photosensitive element 19 to the circuit board. The bracket 16 may provide support and protection for structures such as the flexible circuit board 15, the transmission line 17, the photosensitive element 19, and the camera 13. Of course, the front-end module 10 may also include any other applicable components, and the various components mentioned above may also be replaced by other components. The specific configuration may be based on the needs of the endoscope and will not be described in detail in this application.

[0058] In the embodiment shown in Figure 3, the distance between the first opening 1121 and the second opening 1122, that is, the axial size of the light-concentrating structure 112 is equal to the thickness of the end cover 11. In combination with Figures 5 and 6, the embodiment shown in Figure 6 and the tip module 10 in the embodiment of Figure 3 are different mainly in the shape and axial size of the light-concentrating structure 112. In the embodiment shown in Figure 6, the distance between the first opening 1121 and the second opening 1122 is greater than or equal to the thickness of the end cover 11. For example, in some embodiments, the end cover 11 has a top cover portion 114, a side cover portion 115 and a raised portion 116, and the side cover portion 115 can be a part of a hollow cylindrical structure, and the side cover portion 115 is connected to the side of the top cover portion 114 facing away from the end surface 111 and is connected to a partial contour of the top cover portion 114. The raised portion 116 is connected to the side of the top cover portion 114 facing the side cover portion 115, and the position of the light-concentrating structure 112 corresponds to the raised portion 116 and passes through the top cover portion 114 and the raised portion 116. In this embodiment, the axial size of the top cover portion 114 can be understood as the thickness of the end cover 11. The provision of the raised portion 116 increases the axial size of the light-concentrating structure 112, so that the axial size of the light-concentrating structure 112 is greater than or equal to the thickness of the end cover 11, which can reduce the risk of light emitted by the light-emitting element 14 leaking from the second opening 1122, and can also increase the surface area of ​​the reflective film of the light-concentrating structure 112, so that the light-concentrating structure 112 has a sufficiently large area to regulate the light emitted by the light-emitting element 14, thereby forming a good lighting light field. In addition, the raised portion 116 is arranged on the side of the top cover portion 114 facing the side cover portion 115. While increasing the axial dimension of the focusing structure 112, the first opening 1121 of the focusing structure 112 can be flush with the end surface 111 of the top cover portion 114 and will not protrude from the top cover portion 114, which is beneficial for compressing the occupied space of the front-end module 10 and improving the appearance integrity of the front-end module 10.

[0059] Of course, the reflective film may not only cover the surface of the light-concentrating structure 112. In some embodiments, the reflective film may also cover the surface of the end cap 11 corresponding to the first opening 1121, for example, covering the end surface 111 of the top cover portion 114 facing the lesion area. The reflective film may also cover the outer peripheral surface of the side cover portion 115. Thus, the reflective film located outside the light-concentrating structure 112 can reflect light outside the light-concentrating structure 112 that hits the end cap 11 toward the lesion area, thereby improving the lighting effect on the lesion area and further improving the light energy utilization efficiency of the front-end module 10. The material and installation process of the reflective film are not limited. The material of the reflective film includes, but is not limited to, any suitable metal material with good reflectivity, such as aluminum, silver, and chromium. The reflective film can be installed on the end cap 11 using any suitable process, such as sputtering.

[0060] 2, 5, and 7, the front-end module 10 shown in FIG7 differs from FIG2 and 5 primarily in the shape and axial dimensions of the light-concentrating structure 112. In some embodiments, the cross-sectional shape of the light-concentrating structure 112 on a plane perpendicular to the axial direction includes, but is not limited to, an irregular shape, an axisymmetric shape, a centrally symmetric shape, or a rotationally symmetric shape. For example, in the embodiment shown in FIG2, the cross-sectional shape of the light-concentrating structure 112 on a plane perpendicular to the axial direction is a regular circle. In the embodiment shown in FIG5, the cross-sectional shape of the light-concentrating structure 112 on a plane perpendicular to the axial direction is an irregular shape, such as an elliptical shape. In the embodiment shown in FIG7, the cross-sectional shape of the light-concentrating structure 112 on a plane perpendicular to the axial direction is a regular rectangle. The cross-sectional shape of the light-concentrating structure 112 on a plane perpendicular to the axial direction is not limited. Different cross-sectional shapes have different control effects on the light field. As long as the parameters such as the tilt angle of the light-concentrating structure 112 relative to the axial direction and the axial dimension of the light-concentrating structure 112 are coordinated to obtain a good light field distribution, it is sufficient. For example, when the axial dimension and the tilt angle relative to the axial direction of the focusing structure 112 remain unchanged, referring to Figures 7 and 8, if the cross-sectional shape of the focusing structure 112 on a plane perpendicular to the axial direction is rectangular, the central illuminance of the light field superimposed by the two light-emitting elements 14 at a working distance of 50 mm can reach 2907 Lux, which is approximately 169% higher than the central illuminance without the focusing structure 112, and the edge illuminance at a working distance of 50 mm can reach 72 Lux. If the cross-sectional shape of the focusing structure 112 on a plane perpendicular to the axial direction is circular, the central illuminance of the light field superimposed by the two light-emitting elements 14 at a working distance of 50 mm can reach 3758 Lux, which is approximately 218% higher than the central illuminance without the focusing structure 112, and the edge illuminance at a working distance of 50 mm can reach 71.4 mm, with edge uniformity reduced to 0.54%. In contrast, the edge uniformity of the light field at a working distance of 50 mm without the focusing structure 112 is generally greater than 10%. It can be seen that the circular or rectangular focusing structure 112 can effectively regulate the light field, converge the light toward the central area of ​​the light field, and better adapt to the illumination of the camera 13.

[0061] In some embodiments, the cross-sectional shape of the light-concentrating structure 112 on a plane parallel to the axial direction is a plane. For example, in the embodiments shown in Figures 4, 6, and 8, the cross-sectional shape of the light-concentrating structure 112 on a plane parallel to the axial direction is a plane. It is understandable that when the cross-sectional shape of the light-concentrating structure 112 on a plane perpendicular to the axial direction and on a plane parallel to the axial direction changes, the control effect of the light-concentrating structure 112 on the light field will also change. By adjusting parameters such as the tilt angle of the light-concentrating structure 112 relative to the axial direction, a good illumination light field can be obtained. For example, in some embodiments, the cross-sectional shape of the light-concentrating structure 112 on a plane parallel to the axial direction is a plane, and the cross-sectional shape on a plane perpendicular to the axial direction is a rectangle. The angle between the cross-sectional profile of the light-concentrating structure 112 on a plane parallel to the axial direction and the axial direction (i.e., the tilt angle of the light-concentrating structure 112 relative to the axial direction) is greater than or equal to 35° and less than or equal to 51°. Thus, the light-concentrating structure 112 can effectively control the light field distribution. In some embodiments, the cross-sectional shape of the focusing structure 112 on a plane parallel to the axial direction is a plane, and the cross-sectional shape on a plane perpendicular to the axial direction is a circle. The angle between the cross-sectional profile of the focusing structure 112 on a plane parallel to the axial direction and the axial direction is greater than or equal to 36.3°. Thus, the focusing structure 112 can also effectively regulate the light field distribution.

[0062] The different axial dimensions of the light-concentrating structure 112 (i.e., the distance between the first opening 1121 and the second opening 1122) affect the area of ​​the reflective film provided on the light-concentrating structure 112, and thus affect the light-controlling effect of the light-concentrating structure 112. In some embodiments, the distance between the first opening 1121 and the second opening 1122 is greater than or equal to 0.5 mm and less than or equal to 2 mm. This not only helps ensure that the light-concentrating structure 112 has sufficient area to reflect light and effectively control the light field distribution, but also ensures that the axial dimension of the light-concentrating structure 112 is not too large, thereby helping to reduce the size of the front-end module 10.

[0063] The light field distribution effects generated by the light-concentrating structure 112 with different parameter settings will be specifically described in subsequent embodiments.

[0064] In some embodiments, after the reflective film on the focusing structure 112 modulates the light field, the ratio of the edge illuminance to the center illuminance of the superimposed light field of the two light-emitting elements 14, i.e., the illumination light field of the front-end module 10, is greater than or equal to 0.5% and less than or equal to 5%. As a result, the focusing structure 112 and the reflective film effectively converge the light toward the center of the light field, reducing the beam angle of the illumination light so that it is compatible with the field of view of the camera 13 while maintaining sufficient center illuminance and preventing excessively low illuminance at the edges of the field of view, thereby effectively enhancing the lighting effect.

[0065] In some embodiments, the cross-sectional dimensions of the light-emitting element 14 on a plane perpendicular to the axial direction are smaller than the cross-sectional dimensions of the second opening 1122 of the light-concentrating structure 112 on a plane perpendicular to the axial direction. Thus, a smaller area of ​​the light-concentrating structure 112 can effectively control the light field of the light-emitting element 14, facilitating a balanced lighting effect and miniaturization of the front-end module 10.

[0066] The following examples are given with specific parameters of the light-concentrating structure 112 and the lighting effects achieved in some embodiments. Of course, the specific parameter settings of the light-concentrating structure 112 are not limited to the following examples.

[0067] In combination with Figures 5, 6 and 9, Figure 9 shows the lighting effect diagram of the front-end module 10 in the first embodiment of the present application, wherein the first row of left figures in Figure 9 is the illuminance distribution diagram at a working distance of 3mm, the first row of right figures is the illuminance distribution diagram at a working distance of 5mm, and the second row from left to right are the light distribution curve diagrams at 3mm and 5mm, the lighting spot diagram at a working distance of 3mm, and the lighting spot diagram at a working distance of 50mm. In the first embodiment, the axial dimension of the focusing structure 112 is 1.8 mm, the cross-sectional shape of the focusing structure 112 on a plane perpendicular to the axial direction is an asymmetric figure, roughly an ellipse, the cross-sectional profile of the focusing structure 112 on a plane parallel to the axial direction is a plane, and the inclination angle relative to the axial direction is 48.15°, the size of the second opening 1122 is 1.65 mm*0.85 mm, the size of the first opening 1121 is 2.82 mm*1.70 mm, and the coordinates of the central axis of one of the focusing structures 112 on the surface of the end cover 11 corresponding to the first opening 1121, that is, on the end face 111 of the end cover 11 are (2.55, -2), and the central axes of the two focusing structures 112 can be axially symmetrical relative to the optical axis of the camera 13. Among them, the coordinate system on the end surface 111 of the end cover 11 takes the optical axis of the camera 13 as the origin, the direction of the line connecting the central axes of the two light-emitting elements 14 as the X-axis, and the direction perpendicular to the line connecting the central axes of the two light-emitting elements 14 as the Y-axis. The same is true for other embodiments.

[0068] Refer to Figure 10, which shows the illumination distribution diagram at a working distance of 3mm, the illumination distribution diagram at a working distance of 50mm, the light distribution curve diagram at 3mm and 50mm, the illumination spot diagram at a working distance of 3mm, and the illumination spot diagram at a working distance of 5mm of a traditional front-end module without a focusing structure.

[0069] As can be seen from Figures 9 and 10 , in the first embodiment, the light extraction efficiency of the front-end module 10 is 70.9%, the beam angles in the X-axis and Y-axis directions are 86° and 94°, respectively, the average central illuminance and edge illuminance at a working distance of 50 mm are 1354.42 Lux and 31.9 Lux, respectively, and the edge uniformity at a working distance of 50 mm is 2.02%. It can be seen that the light field regulation effect of the focusing structure 112 effectively improves the light extraction efficiency of the front-end module 10, reduces the beam angle, and thus effectively improves the efficiency of light energy utilization. Furthermore, the module can well adapt to the shooting field of view of the camera 13, and both the central field of view and the edge field of view can have appropriate illumination, providing a good lighting effect. It should be noted that, except that the focusing structure is not provided in the traditional tip module corresponding to Figure 10, the other light-emitting conditions are the same as those of the tip module 10 in the first embodiment. For example, in the first embodiment, the axial dimension of the focusing structure 112 is greater than the thickness of the top cover portion 114, and the second surface of the light-emitting element 14 is located on the side of the top cover portion 114 facing the side cover portion 115. Then, the second surface of the light-emitting element of the traditional tip module corresponding to Figure 10 is located on the side of the top cover portion facing the side cover portion.

[0070] Referring to FIG. 11 , FIG. 11 sequentially illustrates the illumination distribution diagram at a 3mm working distance, an illumination distribution diagram at a 50mm working distance, light distribution curves at 3mm and 50mm, an illumination spot diagram at a 3mm working distance, and an illumination spot diagram at a 5mm working distance of the front-end module 10 in the second embodiment. In the second embodiment, the axial dimension of the light-concentrating structure 112 is 0.7mm, the cross-sectional shape of the light-concentrating structure 112 on a plane perpendicular to the axial direction is rectangular, the cross-sectional profile of the light-concentrating structure 112 on a plane parallel to the axial direction is flat, and the inclination angle relative to the axial direction is 36°. The dimensions of the second opening 1122 are 0.9mm*0.55mm, and the dimensions of the first opening 1121 are 1.91mm*1.56mm. The coordinates of the central axis of one of the light-concentrating structures 112 are (2.80, -2.07). In the second embodiment, the light output efficiency of the front-end module 10 is 89%, the beam angles in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction are 79° and 92° respectively, the average center illuminance and edge illuminance at a working distance of 50 mm are 2907.98 Lux and 72.62 Lux respectively, and the edge uniformity at a working distance of 50 mm is 0.54%.

[0071] Referring to FIG. 12 , FIG. 12 sequentially illustrates an illumination distribution diagram at a 3mm working distance, an illumination distribution diagram at a 50mm working distance, light distribution curves at 3mm and 50mm, an illumination spot diagram at a 3mm working distance, and an illumination spot diagram at a 5mm working distance of the front-end module 10 in the third embodiment. In the third embodiment, the axial dimension of the light-concentrating structure 112 is 0.7mm, the cross-sectional shape of the light-concentrating structure 112 on a plane perpendicular to the axial direction is rectangular, the cross-sectional profile of the light-concentrating structure 112 on a plane parallel to the axial direction is flat, and the inclination angle relative to the axial direction is 50.01°. The dimensions of the second opening 1122 are 0.9mm*0.55mm, and the dimensions of the first opening 1121 are 2.57mm*2.22mm. The coordinates of the central axis of one of the light-concentrating structures 112 are (2.80, -2.07). In the third embodiment, the light extraction efficiency of the front-end module 10 is 89.3%, the beam angles in the X-axis and Y-axis directions are 113° and 112°, respectively. The average center and edge illuminance at a working distance of 50mm are 1758.45 Lux and 80.89 Lux, respectively. The edge uniformity at a working distance of 50mm is 0.87%. As can be seen from Figures 11 and 12, when the tilt angle of the focusing structure 112 relative to the axial direction is 35°-51°, the illumination beam angle of the front-end module 10 can be well matched with the field of view of the camera 13, achieving a good lighting effect.

[0072] Referring to FIG. 13 , FIG. 13 sequentially illustrates the illumination distribution diagram at a 3 mm working distance, the illumination distribution diagram at a 50 mm working distance, the light distribution curve diagrams at 3 mm and 50 mm, the illumination spot diagram at a 3 mm working distance, and the illumination spot diagram at a 5 mm working distance of the front-end module 10 in the fourth embodiment. In the fourth embodiment, the axial dimension of the light-concentrating structure 112 is 0.7 mm, the cross-sectional shape of the light-concentrating structure 112 on a plane perpendicular to the axial direction is circular, the cross-sectional profile of the light-concentrating structure 112 on a plane parallel to the axial direction is flat, and the inclination angle relative to the axial direction is 36.29°. The radial dimension of the second opening 1122 is 0.9 mm, and the radial dimension of the first opening 1121 is 1.928 mm. The coordinates of the central axis of one of the light-concentrating structures 112 are (2.80, -2.07). In the fourth embodiment, the light output efficiency of the front-end module 10 is 88.8%, the beam angles in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction are 44° and 48° respectively, the average center illuminance and edge illuminance at a working distance of 50 mm are 3758.74 Lux and 71.49 Lux respectively, and the edge uniformity at a working distance of 50 mm is 0.72%.

[0073] Referring to FIG14 , FIG14 is a diagram illustrating the lighting effects of a conventional tip module 10 without a light-concentrating structure 112. It should be noted that FIG10 and FIG14 respectively illustrate the lighting effects of two conventional tip modules without a light-concentrating structure. The tip module corresponding to FIG14 has the same lighting conditions as the tip module 10 in the fourth embodiment, except for not having a light-concentrating structure. For example, in the fourth embodiment, the axial dimension of the light-concentrating structure 112 is equal to the thickness of the top cover 114, and the light-emitting element 14 is disposed within the top cover 114. The light-emitting element of the conventional tip module corresponding to FIG14 is also disposed within the top cover. FIG14 sequentially illustrates the illumination distribution diagram of the conventional tip module at a working distance of 3 mm, an illumination distribution diagram at a working distance of 50 mm, light distribution curves at 3 mm and 50 mm, an illumination spot diagram at a working distance of 3 mm, and an illumination spot diagram at a working distance of 5 mm. The light extraction efficiency of the traditional front-end module is 85.4%, the beam angles in the X-axis and Y-axis directions are 111° and 120° respectively, the average central illuminance and edge illuminance at a working distance of 50mm are 1716.20Lux and 71.31Lux respectively, and the edge uniformity at a working distance of 50 is 10.31%. Combining Figures 13 and 14, it can be seen that the front-end module 10 of the fourth embodiment of the present application, compared with the traditional front-end module, effectively improves the light extraction efficiency of the front-end module 10 and reduces the beam angle, thereby effectively improving the efficiency of light energy utilization, and can well adapt to the shooting field of view of the camera 13, and both the central field of view and the edge field of view can have appropriate illumination, providing a good lighting effect.

[0074] It is understandable that the size change of the light-emitting element 14 will affect the light field distribution and illuminance value emitted from the light-emitting surface of the light-emitting element 14. Referring to FIG15 , FIG15 illustrates a comparison of the lighting effects of two embodiments with different sizes of the light-emitting element 14. Among them, the embodiment corresponding to the right figure of FIG15 is the embodiment corresponding to the left figure, in which the cross-sectional size of the light-emitting element 14 on the plane perpendicular to the axial direction is reduced by half. The left figure of FIG15 shows the illuminance distribution diagram of the tip module 10 at a working distance of 50 mm in the fifth embodiment. In the fifth embodiment, the axial dimension of the focusing structure 112 is 0.7 mm, the cross-sectional shape is rectangular, the inclination angle of the focusing structure 112 relative to the axial direction is 36°, the size of the second opening 1122 is 0.9 mm*0.55 mm, the size of the first opening 1121 is 1.91 mm*1.56 mm, and the coordinates of the central axis of the focusing structure 112 are (2.8, -2.07). In the fifth embodiment, the light extraction efficiency of the tip module 10 is 89%, the beam angles in the X-axis and Y-axis directions are 79° and 92° respectively, the average central illuminance and edge illuminance at a working distance of 50 mm are 2907.98 Lux and 72.62 Lux respectively, and the edge uniformity at a working distance of 50 mm is 0.54%. The right figure of Figure 15 shows the illuminance distribution diagram of the tip module 10 at a working distance of 50 mm in the sixth embodiment. In the sixth embodiment, the axial dimension of the focusing structure 112 is 0.7 mm, the cross-sectional shape is rectangular, the inclination angle of the focusing structure 112 relative to the axial direction is 36°, the size of the second opening 1122 is 0.45 mm*0.28 mm, the size of the first opening 1121 is 1.47 mm*1.29 mm, and the coordinates of the central axis of the focusing structure 112 are (2.8, -2.07). In the sixth embodiment, the front-end module 10 achieved a light extraction efficiency of 89%, beam angles of 79° and 92° in the X-axis and Y-axis directions, respectively. The average center and edge illuminance at a 50mm working distance were 3350.94 Lux and 54.61 Lux, respectively. The edge uniformity at a 50mm working distance was 0.98%. As shown in Figure 15 , when the size of the light-emitting element 14 changes, the illuminance distribution of the front-end module 10 also changes, but the lighting effect is still improved.

[0075] It is understood that the height of the light-emitting element 14, that is, the axial dimension of the light-emitting element 14, will also affect the light field distribution and illuminance value emitted from the light-emitting surface of the light-emitting element 14. Referring to Figure 16, Figure 16 illustrates a comparison of the lighting effects of two embodiments with different heights of the light-emitting element 14. The embodiment corresponding to the right figure of Figure 16 has the axial dimension of the light-emitting element 14 reduced by half compared to the embodiment corresponding to the left figure. The left figure of Figure 16 corresponds to the front-end module 10 of the sixth embodiment described above, and the parameter settings and lighting effects of its focusing structure 112 are the same as those of the sixth embodiment described above. The right figure of FIG16 shows the illumination distribution of the tip module 10 at a working distance of 50 mm in the seventh embodiment. In the seventh embodiment, the axial dimension of the focusing structure 112 is 0.7 mm, the cross-section is rectangular, the inclination angle of the focusing structure 112 relative to the axial direction is 36°, the dimensions of the second opening 1122 are 0.45 mm*0.28 mm, the dimensions of the first opening 1121 are 1.47 mm*1.29 mm, and the coordinates of the central axis of the focusing structure 112 are (2.8, -2.07). In the seventh embodiment, the light extraction efficiency of the tip module 10 is 88.2%, the beam angles in the X-axis and Y-axis directions are 61° and 79°, respectively, the average center illumination and edge illumination at a working distance of 50 mm are 3706.28 Lux and 29.17 Lux, respectively, and the edge uniformity at a working distance of 50 mm is 0.6%. As can be seen from FIG. 16 , when the axial dimension of the light emitting element 14 changes, the illumination distribution of the front-end module 10 also changes, but both can still improve the good lighting effect.

[0076] In some embodiments, the front-end module 10 further includes a light-transmitting sealing structure 18, which is disposed within the light-concentrating structure 112 and seals the side of the light-emitting element 14 facing the first opening 1121. For example, the light-transmitting sealing structure 18 may be a light-transmitting flat plate structure or a structure having a curved surface disposed between the first surface 141 of the light-emitting element 14 and the first opening 1121 of the light-concentrating structure 112. The light-transmitting sealing structure 18 may also be disposed partially around the side of the light-emitting element 14, enclosing the side and first surface 141 of the light-emitting element 14, or may partially extend to the second surface 142 of the light-emitting element 14, as long as the side of the light-emitting element 14 facing the first opening 1121 is sealed. The material of the light-transmitting sealing structure 18 includes, but is not limited to, a material having a transmittance greater than or equal to 90% and good biocompatibility, which neither affects the light emission of the light-emitting element 14 nor easily causes damage to the patient. The light-transmitting sealing structure 18 is provided to seal the light-emitting element 14 to provide waterproof protection for the light-emitting element 14 and the internal components of the front-end module 10, and can also deflect the light emitted by the light-emitting element 14, and cooperate with the setting of the focusing structure 112 and the reflective film to better regulate the light field distribution and improve the lighting effect.

[0077] Referring to FIG17 , the embodiment corresponding to the right figure of FIG17 is provided with a light-transmitting sealing structure 18 , while other setting conditions are the same. FIG17 on the left shows the illumination distribution diagram of the tip module 10 at a working distance of 50 mm in the eighth embodiment. In the eighth embodiment, the axial dimension of the focusing structure 112 is 0.7 mm, the cross-sectional shape is rectangular, the inclination angle of the focusing structure 112 relative to the axial direction is 36°, the size of the second opening 1122 is 0.9 mm*0.55 mm, the size of the first opening 1121 is 1.91 mm*1.56 mm, and the coordinates of the central axis of the focusing structure 112 are (2.8, -2.07). In the eighth embodiment, the light extraction efficiency of the tip module 10 is 96.9%, the beam angles in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction are 65° and 82° respectively, the average central illuminance and edge illuminance at a working distance of 50 mm are 3956.88 Lux and 46.78 Lux respectively, and the edge uniformity at a working distance of 50 mm is 0.93%. The right figure of Figure 17 shows the illuminance distribution diagram of the tip module 10 at a working distance of 50 mm in the ninth embodiment. In the ninth embodiment, the axial dimension of the focusing structure 112 is 0.7 mm, the cross-sectional shape is rectangular, the inclination angle of the focusing structure 112 relative to the axial direction is 36°, the size of the second opening 1122 is 0.9 mm*0.55 mm, the size of the first opening 1121 is 1.91 mm*1.56 mm, and the coordinates of the central axis of the focusing structure 112 are (2.8, -2.07). In the ninth embodiment, the front-end module 10 achieved a light extraction efficiency of 89%, beam angles of 79° and 92° in the X-axis and Y-axis directions, respectively. The average central and edge illuminance at a 50mm working distance were 2907.98 Lux and 72.62 Lux, respectively, and the edge uniformity at a 50mm working distance was 0.54%. As shown in Figure 17, the presence of the light-transmitting sealing structure 18 minimizes the difference between edge and central illuminance due to the light deflection effect of the light-transmitting sealing structure 18, thereby improving the lighting effect.

[0078] In some embodiments, the cross-section of the light-concentrating structure 112 on a plane parallel to the axial direction may also be a curved surface, such as a concave arc surface. The light-concentrating structure 112 configured with a concave arc surface has a stronger converging effect on light, and can be applied in embodiments where the cross-sectional dimensions of the light-emitting element 14 are small, or where the first opening 1121 and the second opening 1122 of the light-concentrating structure 112 occupy a small space on the top cover 114. In this way, a stronger light field control effect can be achieved by using the light-concentrating structure 112 with a smaller space. The following examples are given in combination with the structures of the end cap 11 and the sleeve 12 and the space occupied by the light-concentrating structure 112.

[0079] As shown in reference to FIG1 , in some embodiments, the top cover portion 114 is roughly one part of the circular plate-like structure, and the end of the sleeve 12 is roughly another part of the circular plate-like structure. The end of the sleeve 12 is connected to the top cover portion 114 to form a roughly complete circular plate-like structure. The end cap 11 can be made of a transparent material, such as a transparent plastic material, which is beneficial to reduce the impact of the end cap 11 on the light emission of the light-emitting element 14 and the light reception of the camera 13. The sleeve 12 can be made of an opaque material, such as an opaque plastic material, to shield the flexible circuit board 15, the photosensitive element 19 and other components in the head end module. Since the end of the sleeve 12 also needs to reserve an instrument hole 121 for the medical device to pass through, the end of the sleeve 12 can also reserve other parts to meet the use requirements of other components, resulting in a limited setting area of ​​the top cover portion 114, and the space of the top cover portion 114 for setting the focusing structure 112 is also limited. It should be noted that, in order to adapt to the arrangement of the light-emitting element 14 close to the second opening 1122 and the small size limitation of the front-end module 10, the adjustable space of the size of the second opening 1122 is usually smaller, while the adjustable space of the first opening 1121 is larger. Therefore, in this application, the ratio of the radial dimensions of the first opening 1121 and the second opening 1122 is used to characterize the size of the focusing structure on the end face 111.

[0080] In some embodiments, if the first opening 1121 of the focusing structure 112 occupies a smaller space in the top cover portion 114, for example, when the ratio of the radial dimension of the first opening 1121 to the radial dimension of the second opening 1122 is 1.55-2, for example, 1.77, the concave curvature of the cross-sectional profile of the focusing structure 112 on the plane parallel to the axial direction may be greater than or equal to 1.5, and less than or equal to 10. The light regulating effect of the focusing structure 112 on light is controlled by setting the concave arc surface, and the range setting of the concave curvature can also adapt to the smaller space occupied by the first opening 1121, balance the proportion of light in the center of the light field and the proportion of light at the edge, thereby obtaining a good illumination light field. In some embodiments, if the first opening 1121 of the light-concentrating structure 112 occupies a moderate amount of space in the top cover portion 114, for example, when the ratio of the radial dimension of the first opening 1121 to the radial dimension of the second opening 1122 is 2.1-2.34, for example, 2.22, the concave curvature of the cross-sectional profile of the light-concentrating structure 112 on a plane parallel to the axial direction may be greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to 2.8. If the first opening 1121 of the light-concentrating structure 112 occupies a slightly larger amount of space in the top cover portion 114, for example, when the ratio of the radial dimension of the first opening 1121 to the radial dimension of the second opening 1122 is 2.35-2.58, for example, 2.46, the concave curvature of the cross-sectional profile of the light-concentrating structure 112 on a plane parallel to the axial direction may be greater than or equal to 2 and less than or equal to 5. The concave arc surface is used to control the light regulation effect of the focusing structure 112. The range of the concave curvature can also adapt to the smaller occupied space of the first opening 1121, balance the proportion of light in the center of the light field and the proportion of light at the edge, thereby obtaining a good lighting light field.

[0081] Several embodiments of the concave curvature of the cross-sectional profile of the concentrating structure 112 in a plane parallel to the axial direction are provided below as examples. Referring to FIG. 18 , the first row of FIG. 18 shows, from left to right, the illumination distribution graphs of the tip module 10 at a working distance of 50 mm for the tenth, eleventh, and twelfth embodiments, respectively. The second row of FIG. 18 shows, from left to right, the illumination distribution curves of the tip module 10 at a working distance of 50 mm for the tenth, eleventh, and twelfth embodiments, respectively. In the tenth, eleventh, and twelfth embodiments, the ratio of the radial dimension of the first opening 1121 to the radial dimension of the second opening 1122 is 1.77, the axial dimension of the concentrating structure 112 is 0.7 mm, the cross-sectional shape of the concentrating structure 112 in a plane perpendicular to the axial direction is circular, the concentrating structure 112 is inclined 43° relative to the axial direction, the diameter of the second opening 1122 is 0.9 mm, the diameter of the first opening 1121 is 1.78 mm, and the coordinates of the central axis of the concentrating structure 112 are (2.8, -2.07). The difference between the three embodiments is that the concave curvature of the cross-sectional profile of the light-concentrating structure 112 on a plane parallel to the axial direction in the tenth embodiment, the eleventh embodiment and the twelfth embodiment is 1.5, 1.8 and 10 respectively.

[0082] Referring to FIG. 19 , the first row, from left to right, shows the illumination distribution diagrams of the front-end module 10 at a working distance of 50 mm for the thirteenth, fourteenth, and fifteenth embodiments, respectively. The second row, from left to right, shows the light distribution curves of the front-end module 10 at a working distance of 50 mm for the thirteenth, fourteenth, and fifteenth embodiments, respectively. In the thirteenth, fourteenth, and fifteenth embodiments, the ratio of the radial dimension of the first opening 1121 to the radial dimension of the second opening 1122 is 2.22, the axial dimension of the focusing structure 112 is 0.7 mm, the cross-section of the focusing structure 112 in a plane perpendicular to the axial direction is circular, the focusing structure 112 is inclined 43° relative to the axial direction, the diameter of the second opening 1122 is 0.9 mm, the diameter of the first opening 1121 is 2 mm, and the coordinates of the central axis of the focusing structure 112 are (2.8, -2.07). The difference between the three embodiments is that the concave curvature of the cross-sectional profile of the light-concentrating structure 112 on a plane parallel to the axial direction in the thirteenth embodiment, the fourteenth embodiment and the fifteenth embodiment is 1, 1.3 and 2.8 respectively.

[0083] Referring to FIG. 20 , the first row, from left to right, shows the illumination distribution diagrams of the tip module 10 at a working distance of 50 mm for the sixteenth, seventeenth, and eighteenth embodiments, respectively. The second row, from left to right, shows the light distribution curves of the tip module 10 at a working distance of 50 mm for the sixteenth, seventeenth, and eighteenth embodiments, respectively. In the sixteenth, seventeenth, and eighteenth embodiments, the ratio of the radial dimension of the first opening 1121 to the radial dimension of the second opening 1122 is 2.46, the axial dimension of the focusing structure 112 is 0.7 mm, the cross-section of the focusing structure 112 on a plane perpendicular to the axial direction is circular, the focusing structure 112 is inclined 43° relative to the axial direction, the diameter of the second opening 1122 is 0.9 mm, the diameter of the first opening 1121 is 2.2 mm, and the coordinates of the central axis of the focusing structure 112 are (2.8, -2.07). The difference between the three embodiments is that the concave curvature of the cross-sectional profile of the light-concentrating structure 112 on a plane parallel to the axial direction in the sixteenth embodiment, the seventeenth embodiment and the eighteenth embodiment is 2, 2.8 and 5 respectively.

[0084] In the above embodiments provided in the present application, the light field is controlled by the focusing structure 112 and the reflective film, so that the beam angle of the front-end module 10 can be well adapted to the shooting field of view of the camera 13, while optimizing the light field distribution and improving the lighting effect. Specifically, when the axial size, cross-sectional shape of the focusing structure 112, the axial size and cross-sectional shape of the light-emitting element 14 and other parameters change, the light field distribution can be adjusted to meet different lighting needs.

[0085] The technical features of the above-mentioned embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. In order to make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-mentioned embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0086] The above-described embodiments merely represent several implementation methods of the present application. While the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the patent application. It should be noted that a person of ordinary skill in the art may make various modifications and improvements without departing from the spirit of the present application, and these modifications and improvements fall within the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present patent application shall be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. An end tip module for use in an endoscope, characterized in that, The front-end module comprises: An end cap is provided with a light-concentrating structure penetrating the end cap, two ends of the light-concentrating structure respectively form a first opening and a second opening, a radial dimension of the light-concentrating structure gradually decreases in a direction from the first opening to the second opening, and a reflective film is provided on a surface of the light-concentrating structure; and, The light emitting element is disposed in the light focusing structure and has a first surface facing the first opening and a second surface facing the second opening. In the direction in which the second opening points to the first opening, the second surface is higher than the second opening.

2. The tip module according to claim 1, wherein A distance between the first opening and the second opening is greater than or equal to a thickness of the end cover.

3. The tip module according to claim 1, characterized in that The end cover has a top cover portion, a side cover portion and a raised portion, the side cover portion is connected to one side of the top cover portion and to a partial contour of the top cover portion, the raised portion is connected to a side of the top cover portion facing the side cover portion, and the position of the focusing structure corresponds to the raised portion and passes through the top cover portion and the raised portion.

4. The tip module according to claim 1, wherein The cross-sectional shape of the light-concentrating structure on a plane perpendicular to the axial direction of the front-end module is an irregular shape, an axisymmetric shape, a centrally symmetric shape or a rotationally symmetric shape.

5. The tip module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cross-sectional shape of the light-focusing structure on a plane parallel to the axial direction of the front-end module is a plane or a curved surface.

6. The tip module according to claim 1, characterized in that The cross-sectional shape of the light-concentrating structure on a plane parallel to the axial direction of the front-end module is a plane, and the cross-sectional shape on a plane perpendicular to the axial direction is a rectangle, and the angle between the cross-sectional profile of the light-concentrating structure on a plane parallel to the axial direction and the axial direction is greater than or equal to 35° and less than or equal to 51°; or, The cross-sectional shape of the light-concentrating structure on a plane parallel to the axial direction is a plane, and the cross-sectional shape on a plane perpendicular to the axial direction is a circle. The angle between the cross-sectional profile of the light-concentrating structure on a plane parallel to the axial direction and the axial direction is greater than or equal to 36.3°.

7. The tip module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cross-sectional shape of the light-focusing structure on a plane parallel to the axial direction of the tip module is a concave arc surface, and when the ratio of the radial dimensions of the first opening to the second opening is 1.55-2, the curvature of the cross-sectional profile of the light-focusing structure on a plane parallel to the axial direction is greater than or equal to 1.5 and less than or equal to 10; when the ratio of the radial dimensions of the first opening to the second opening is 2.1-2.34, the curvature of the cross-sectional profile of the light-focusing structure on a plane parallel to the axial direction is greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to 2.8; when the ratio of the radial dimensions of the first opening to the second opening is 2.35-2.58, the curvature of the cross-sectional profile of the light-focusing structure on a plane parallel to the axial direction is greater than or equal to 2 and less than or equal to 5.

8. The tip module according to claim 1, wherein A distance between the first opening and the second opening is greater than or equal to 0.5 mm and less than or equal to 2 mm.

9. The tip module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ratio of the edge illumination to the center illumination of the illumination light field of the light-emitting element after passing through the light-condensing structure at the working distance is greater than or equal to 0.5% and less than or equal to 5%.

10. The tip module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cross-sectional dimension of the light-emitting element in a plane perpendicular to the axis of the tip module is smaller than the cross-sectional dimension of the second opening of the light condensing structure in a plane perpendicular to the axis.

11. The tip module according to claim 1, wherein The reflective film covers the surface of the light condensing structure and the surface of the end cap corresponding to the first opening; and / or, The material of the reflective film includes aluminum, silver or chromium.

12. The tip module according to claim 1, wherein, The tip module further includes a camera, the end cap is further provided with a light-receiving hole, the camera is disposed corresponding to the light-receiving hole, the end cap is provided with two light condensing structures, the two light condensing structures are respectively disposed on two opposite sides of the light-receiving hole, and the light-emitting elements are disposed in both of the two light condensing structures.

13. The tip module according to claim 1, wherein, The tip module further includes a light-transmitting sealing structure, and the light-transmitting sealing structure is disposed in the light condensing structure and seals the side of the light-emitting element facing the first opening.

14. An endoscope, characterized in that, It includes an insertion portion and the tip module according to any one of claims 1-13, and the tip module is disposed at the end of the insertion portion.

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