Photovoltaic fault monitoring system and method, and storage medium

Abstract

The present application relates to a photovoltaic fault monitoring system and method, and a storage medium. The photovoltaic fault monitoring system comprises: at least one set of photovoltaic array, each photovoltaic array comprising multiple stages of photovoltaic modules which are series-connected, and each stage of photovoltaic module comprising: a photovoltaic unit and a monitoring unit bound to the photovoltaic unit; monitoring units, each of which is used for: when a power supply of the bound photovoltaic unit supplies power normally, processing a received communication signal and outputting the processed communication signal, and when the bound photovoltaic unit experiences power failure, directly outputting the received communication signal; and a processing module, which is connected to at least one set of photovoltaic array, and used for acquiring the communication signal outputted by each monitoring unit in the photovoltaic array, and on the basis of the communication signal outputted by each monitoring unit, determining whether the bound photovoltaic unit has a fault.

Description

Photovoltaic fault monitoring system, method and storage medium

[0001] Related applications

[0002] This application claims priority to Chinese patent application number 2024100059615, filed on January 3, 2024, entitled “Photovoltaic Fault Monitoring System, Method and Storage Medium,” the entire text of which is hereby incorporated by reference. Technical Field

[0003] The present application relates to the field of photovoltaic technology, and in particular to a photovoltaic fault monitoring system, method, and storage medium. Background Art

[0004] Photovoltaic tile application technology uses sunlight, a renewable energy source, to generate electricity. The photovoltaic tile system integrates roof tiles with solar film power generation, allowing the building itself to generate electricity using green and environmentally friendly solar energy resources, and is becoming increasingly popular among users.

[0005] When performing fault detection on traditional photovoltaic tile systems, it is usually necessary to set up multiple detection circuits to detect the total voltage, total current, daily power generation, total power generation and other parameters of the photovoltaic tile system in real time to determine whether the photovoltaic tile has a fault, which is very costly.

[0006] Summary of the Invention

[0007] Based on this, it is necessary to provide a photovoltaic fault monitoring system, method, computer-readable storage medium and computer program product that can determine whether a photovoltaic unit is faulty at a low cost in order to address the above technical problems.

[0008] In a first aspect, the present application provides a photovoltaic fault monitoring system, comprising:

[0009] At least one photovoltaic array, each photovoltaic array comprising multiple stages of photovoltaic components connected in series, each stage of the photovoltaic components comprising: a photovoltaic unit and a monitoring unit bound to the photovoltaic unit;

[0010] The monitoring unit is configured to process the received communication signal and output the processed communication signal when the power supply of the bound photovoltaic unit is normally supplied, and directly output the received communication signal when the power supply of the bound photovoltaic unit fails;

[0011] The processing module is connected to the at least one photovoltaic array, and is used to obtain the communication signal output by each monitoring unit in the photovoltaic array, and determine whether the bound photovoltaic unit fails according to the communication signal output by each monitoring unit.

[0012] In one embodiment, the monitoring unit includes a conversion unit and a main control unit;

[0013] The conversion unit is used to directly output the communication signal when the power supply of the bound photovoltaic unit fails, and transmit the communication signal to the main control unit when the power supply of the bound photovoltaic unit is normally supplied;

[0014] The main control unit is used to process the received communication signal and output the processed communication signal.

[0015] In one embodiment, each of the monitoring units further comprises:

[0016] Uplink port, connected to the upper-level monitoring unit;

[0017] Downstream port, connected to the next level monitoring unit;

[0018] The conversion unit includes a first relay, which is connected to the power supply of the bound photovoltaic unit, the upstream port, the downstream port, and the main control unit; when the power supply of the bound photovoltaic unit is normally supplied, the first relay is used to control the upstream port to be connected to the main control unit, so as to transmit the communication signal received by the upstream port to the main control unit for processing and then output to the downstream port; when the power supply of the bound photovoltaic unit is lost, the first relay is used to control the upstream port to be connected to the downstream port, so as to directly output the communication signal received by the upstream port to the downstream port.

[0019] In one embodiment, the first coil in the first relay is connected to the power supply of the bound photovoltaic unit, the first input end of the first relay is connected to the sending port of the upstream port, the second input end of the first relay is connected to the receiving port of the upstream port, the first output end and the second output end of the first relay are connected to the main control unit, the third output end of the first relay is connected to the sending port of the downstream port, and the fourth output end of the first relay is connected to the receiving port of the downstream port.

[0020] In one embodiment, the conversion unit further includes: a second relay;

[0021] The second relay is connected to the power supply of the upper-level photovoltaic unit, the power supply of the bound photovoltaic unit, and the lower-level photovoltaic unit. When the power supply of the bound photovoltaic unit is normally supplied, the second relay is used to control the power supply of the upper-level photovoltaic unit to be connected to the common contact; when the power supply of the bound photovoltaic unit loses power, the second relay is used to control the power supply of the upper-level photovoltaic unit to be connected to the lower-level photovoltaic unit.

[0022] In one embodiment, the conversion unit further includes: a switching transistor and an optical coupler;

[0023] The optical coupler is connected to the second relay, the switching transistor and the first coil, and the switching transistor is connected to the first coil;

[0024] The optocoupler is used to control the switching transistor to be in the on state when the power supply of the bound photovoltaic unit is normally supplied, so that the first coil is energized; when the power supply of the bound photovoltaic unit is lost, the first coil is controlled to be de-energized.

[0025] In one embodiment, the processing module is specifically configured to:

[0026] If it is detected that the communication signals output by the monitoring unit within the first preset time period are all unprocessed communication signals, the bound photovoltaic unit fails and fault information is output;

[0027] and / or

[0028] If it is detected that the communication signals output by the monitoring unit within a preset time period are all unprocessed communication signals, then the bound photovoltaic unit has a fault and the fault information is output.

[0029] In one embodiment, the first preset duration and / or the preset time period is set based on current weather information.

[0030] In one embodiment, the processing module is further configured to obtain preset identification information of the faulty photovoltaic unit, and obtain location information of the faulty photovoltaic unit based on the identification information and a preset photovoltaic plane model corresponding to the at least one group of photovoltaic arrays.

[0031] In a second aspect, the present application further provides a photovoltaic fault monitoring method, which is applied to the photovoltaic fault detection system as described in the first aspect or any embodiment thereof, comprising:

[0032] inputting a detection communication signal to the at least one photovoltaic array;

[0033] Acquiring a communication signal fed back by each monitoring unit in the photovoltaic array based on the detection communication signal;

[0034] Whether the bound photovoltaic unit fails is determined according to the communication signal output by each monitoring unit.

[0035] In one embodiment, it further includes:

[0036] Obtaining preset identification information of the faulty photovoltaic unit;

[0037] Obtaining a preset photovoltaic plane model corresponding to the at least one group of photovoltaic arrays;

[0038] The location information of the faulty photovoltaic unit is acquired according to the identification information and the photovoltaic plane model, wherein the photovoltaic plane model includes the identification information of each photovoltaic unit and the location information corresponding to the identification information.

[0039] In one embodiment, before inputting the detection communication signal to the at least one photovoltaic array, the method further includes:

[0040] receiving identification information of the bound photovoltaic unit and location information of the photovoltaic unit in the photovoltaic array sent by each monitoring unit in the at least one photovoltaic array;

[0041] Based on the identification of the bound photovoltaic unit and the position information of the photovoltaic unit in the photovoltaic array sent by each monitoring unit, the at least one photovoltaic array is modeled to obtain a photovoltaic plane model.

[0042] In one embodiment, the determining whether the bound photovoltaic unit has a fault according to the communication signal output by each monitoring unit includes:

[0043] If it is detected that the communication signals output by the monitoring unit within the first preset time period are all unprocessed communication signals, the bound photovoltaic unit fails and fault information is output;

[0044] and / or

[0045] If it is detected that the communication signals output by the monitoring unit within a preset time period are all unprocessed communication signals, then the bound photovoltaic unit has a fault and fault information is output.

[0046] In a third aspect, the present application further provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the following steps:

[0047] inputting a detection communication signal to the at least one photovoltaic array;

[0048] Acquiring a communication signal fed back by each monitoring unit in the photovoltaic array based on the detection communication signal;

[0049] Whether the bound photovoltaic unit fails is determined according to the communication signal output by each monitoring unit.

[0050] In a fourth aspect, the present application further provides a computer program product, comprising a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the following steps:

[0051] inputting a detection communication signal to the at least one photovoltaic array;

[0052] Acquiring a communication signal fed back by each monitoring unit in the photovoltaic array based on the detection communication signal;

[0053] Whether the bound photovoltaic unit fails is determined according to the communication signal output by each monitoring unit.

[0054] The above-mentioned photovoltaic fault monitoring system, method, storage medium and computer program product include at least one group of photovoltaic arrays in the photovoltaic fault monitoring system, each photovoltaic array includes multiple levels of photovoltaic components connected in series, and each level of photovoltaic components includes: a photovoltaic unit and a monitoring unit bound to the photovoltaic unit; the monitoring unit is used to process the received communication signal and output the processed communication signal when the power supply of the bound photovoltaic unit is normally supplied, and directly output the received communication signal when the power supply of the bound photovoltaic unit fails; the processing module is connected to at least one group of photovoltaic arrays, and is used to obtain the communication signal output by each monitoring unit in the photovoltaic array, and determine whether the bound photovoltaic unit has a fault based on the communication signal output by each monitoring unit. In this system, when the power supply of the bound photovoltaic unit is normally supplied, the monitoring unit processes the received communication signal and outputs the processed communication signal. When the power supply of the bound photovoltaic unit fails, the received communication signal is directly output. In this way, the processing module can determine whether the bound photovoltaic unit has a fault based on the communication signal output by each monitoring unit. In this way, there is no need to set up a detection circuit for detecting the voltage, current, daily power generation, and total power generation of the photovoltaic unit to determine which photovoltaic unit has a fault, and photovoltaic unit fault detection can be achieved at a lower cost. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0055] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the conventional technology, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the conventional technology descriptions. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the disclosed drawings without any creative work.

[0056] FIG1 is a schematic diagram of the binding of a photovoltaic unit and a monitoring unit in a photovoltaic assembly;

[0057] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a photovoltaic system structure;

[0058] FIG3 is a schematic diagram of a serial communication process of a monitoring unit;

[0059] FIG4 is a schematic diagram of an application terminal displaying a photovoltaic plane model;

[0060] FIG5 is a schematic structural diagram of a photovoltaic fault monitoring system;

[0061] FIG6 is a structural diagram of a monitoring unit 1;

[0062] FIG7A is a second structural diagram of a monitoring unit;

[0063] FIG7B is a third structural diagram of a monitoring unit;

[0064] FIG8 is a schematic diagram of a first relay;

[0065] FIG9 is a schematic structural diagram of a conversion unit;

[0066] FIG10 is a schematic structural diagram of another conversion unit;

[0067] FIG11 is a schematic structural diagram of another conversion unit;

[0068] FIG12 is a connection diagram of a two-stage conversion unit, taking the conversion unit shown in FIG10 as an example;

[0069] FIG13 is a flow chart of a photovoltaic fault detection method;

[0070] FIG14 is a second flow chart of a photovoltaic fault detection method. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0071] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of this application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of this application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0072] Photovoltaic (BIPV) tile technology utilizes renewable energy from sunlight to generate electricity. BIPV tiles can be installed on buildings and can also serve as a multifunctional building material, forming actual building components. BIPV tile products and systems integrate roof tiles with thin-film solar power generation, allowing buildings to generate electricity from green, environmentally friendly solar energy resources. These products are gaining increasing popularity among users.

[0073] Current photovoltaic tile systems have some shortcomings in modeling and fault detection:

[0074] (1) Defects in modeling of traditional photovoltaic tile systems: When installing and splicing photovoltaic tiles, each photovoltaic tile needs to be manually numbered and the installation position recorded so that the installation position of each photovoltaic tile can be displayed on the terminal system to monitor the photovoltaic tiles. Manual coding and positioning lead to low installation efficiency and are prone to errors.

[0075] (2) The defects of traditional photovoltaic tile systems in fault monitoring: the method of sampling and monitoring the total voltage, total current, daily power generation, total power generation and other parameters of the string photovoltaic tiles is used to detect photovoltaic tile faults, but this method cannot monitor each photovoltaic tile individually. When a photovoltaic tile fails, it is impossible to confirm which photovoltaic tile is faulty. By setting a detection device on each photovoltaic tile, the voltage, current and other parameters of each photovoltaic tile are detected to monitor the photovoltaic tile faults. Although this method can monitor each photovoltaic tile, it is costly.

[0076] To address the shortcomings of traditional photovoltaic tile system modeling, this application provides an automatic planar modeling method for photovoltaic systems. This method can automatically determine the actual physical installation location of photovoltaic modules based on their connection relationships. Furthermore, this method can be intuitively presented on a display terminal for easy viewing by users.

[0077] In this application, a photovoltaic system refers to a system consisting of at least one photovoltaic array, each photovoltaic array including multiple levels of photovoltaic components connected in series, each level of photovoltaic components including: a photovoltaic unit and a monitoring unit bound to the photovoltaic unit.

[0078] The photovoltaic units may be photovoltaic tiles, photovoltaic panels, or other photovoltaic devices.

[0079] In some embodiments, in the automatic plane modeling method of the photovoltaic system in the present application, the photovoltaic unit and the monitoring unit can be bound together at the factory as a photovoltaic component, and the same serial number can be set for the photovoltaic unit and the monitoring unit in a photovoltaic component to represent them, that is, the photovoltaic unit and the monitoring unit in a photovoltaic component are regarded as a whole.

[0080] For example, Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a photovoltaic unit and a monitoring unit in a photovoltaic assembly. In Figure 1, a photovoltaic unit 100 and a monitoring unit 200 are bound together to form a photovoltaic assembly.

[0081] For example, Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a photovoltaic system, which includes multiple groups of photovoltaic arrays. Each photovoltaic array includes multiple levels of photovoltaic components connected in series, that is, multiple levels of photovoltaic components connected in series in sequence. Each level of photovoltaic components includes: a photovoltaic unit 100 and a monitoring unit 200 bound to the photovoltaic unit 100. Each photovoltaic array is connected to a functional unit 300 (Figure 2 takes a photovoltaic array and four functional units as an example), and these functional units 300 are connected to a communication module 400. The communication module 400 can communicate with the application terminal 500.

[0082] The functional unit 300 in the photovoltaic system shown in FIG2 may be a functional component with communication functionality, such as a micro-inverter with communication functionality. The primary function of the functional unit 300 in FIG2 is to send and / or receive communication signals from connected photovoltaic components (the photovoltaic unit 100 and the monitoring unit 200 associated with the photovoltaic unit 100), and to communicate with the communication module 400. It should be noted that in some scenarios, the photovoltaic system may not utilize the functional module, meaning that the functional unit 300 in the photovoltaic system is optional.

[0083] The communication module 400 in FIG. 2 is used to communicate with each functional module and the photovoltaic unit, and to send the collected information of the photovoltaic unit to the terminal so that the photovoltaic system information can be displayed on the terminal.

[0084] In some embodiments, the functional unit 300 and the communication module 400 in FIG. 2 may be integrated into one processing module or may be two independent modules.

[0085] In some embodiments, the photovoltaic modules in each photovoltaic array of the photovoltaic system of the present application are connected in a hand-in-hand manner to achieve a series connection of power circuits and a cascade connection of communication circuits. In the communication circuit, the downlink port of the upper-level monitoring unit supplies power to the uplink port of the lower-level monitoring unit to ensure the normal communication function of the lower-level monitoring unit with the upper-level monitoring unit.

[0086] In some embodiments, each level of monitoring unit in the present application determines the actual row position of the photovoltaic unit connected to the backend in the photovoltaic array through communication questions and responses. Communication switching questions and responses between the communication module and the functional unit, and between the functional unit and the first-level monitoring unit in the photovoltaic array, can determine the actual column position of the photovoltaic unit bound to each level of monitoring unit, thereby achieving overall planar physical positioning.

[0087] For example, FIG3 is a schematic diagram of a serial communication process of a monitoring unit, and the communication process may include the following steps:

[0088] 401. Query the serial number of the next-level photovoltaic unit.

[0089] The serial number of the photovoltaic unit is also the serial number of the monitoring unit. The serial number of the photovoltaic unit is used to uniquely identify the photovoltaic unit.

[0090] 402. Determine whether the serial number of the next-level photovoltaic unit is received.

[0091] The serial number of the next-level photovoltaic unit is also the serial number of the next-level monitoring unit.

[0092] If the serial number of the next-level photovoltaic unit is received, it means that the next-level photovoltaic unit exists, and the following steps 403 and 404 can be executed at this time; if the serial number of the next-level photovoltaic unit is not received, it means that the next-level photovoltaic unit does not exist, and the following step 405 can be executed at this time.

[0093] 403. Add 1 to the position number received from the previous level to obtain its own position number, and send its own position number to the next level monitoring unit.

[0094] For example, assuming that the position number of the previous level is "1", then after the current level receives "1", it can add 1 to get the position number of the current level as "2". In this way, the position of the monitoring unit of each level can be numbered so that its position in the photovoltaic array can be known through the position number.

[0095] 404. Package its own serial number and the received serial number of the next-level photovoltaic unit and upload them to the upper-level monitoring unit.

[0096] 405. Upload its own serial number to the upper-level monitoring unit.

[0097] In the photovoltaic system shown in Figure 2, after the photovoltaic system is installed, that is, after each photovoltaic array is installed, each level of monitoring unit determines the actual row position of the photovoltaic unit connected to the backend in the photovoltaic array through communication questions and responses. The actual column position of the photovoltaic unit bound to each level of monitoring unit can be determined through communication switching questions and responses between the communication module and the functional unit, and between the functional unit and the first-level monitoring unit in the photovoltaic array. The actual row position of the photovoltaic unit can be determined by the functional unit to which it is connected, thereby achieving the planar physical positioning of each photovoltaic unit in at least one photovoltaic array in the entire photovoltaic system.

[0098] In the present application, in the photovoltaic system shown in Figure 2, after the communication module obtains the row position, column position and correspondence with the serial number of each photovoltaic unit in at least one photovoltaic array, a photovoltaic plane model corresponding to at least one photovoltaic array can be modeled. The photovoltaic plane model contains the identification information of each photovoltaic unit and the position information corresponding to the identification information, wherein the identification information can be the above-mentioned serial number, or it can be a label or serial number set by the user according to his or her own needs, and the position information can be the above-mentioned row position and column position.

[0099] After the photovoltaic plane model is modeled and the faulty photovoltaic unit is subsequently determined, the position information of the faulty photovoltaic unit in the photovoltaic plane model can be obtained based on the preset identification information of the faulty photovoltaic unit and the preset photovoltaic plane model.

[0100] In some embodiments, in the photovoltaic system shown in Figure 2, after the communication module obtains the row position, column position and correspondence with the serial number of each photovoltaic unit in at least one photovoltaic array, it can convert this information into wireless data (Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, 3 / 4 / 5G, Sub-1G, etc.) and transmit it to the application terminal, so that the application terminal can model and obtain a photovoltaic plane model corresponding to at least one photovoltaic array, and display the photovoltaic plane model on the application terminal. The photovoltaic plane model displayed by the application terminal includes a sub-model of each photovoltaic unit in at least one array and the positional relationship between these sub-models.

[0101] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of an application terminal displaying a photovoltaic plane model. As shown in Figure 4, the photovoltaic plane model is a model of N photovoltaic arrays, each photovoltaic array includes M photovoltaic units, and thus the photovoltaic plane model is a photovoltaic plane model with M rows and N columns.

[0102] Through the above modeling process, the identification information of each photovoltaic unit and the location information corresponding to the identification information can be obtained, so that the location information of the faulty photovoltaic unit in the photovoltaic plane model can be obtained based on the preset identification information of the faulty photovoltaic unit and the preset photovoltaic plane model.

[0103] Furthermore, after the photovoltaic plane model is displayed on the application terminal, after the faulty photovoltaic unit is subsequently located, the sub-model corresponding to the faulty photovoltaic unit can be highlighted (for example, marked in red) on the displayed photovoltaic plane model, so that the position of the faulty photovoltaic unit in at least one array can be intuitively seen.

[0104] In order to solve the defects of traditional photovoltaic tile systems in fault monitoring, the present application provides a photovoltaic fault monitoring system, which includes:

[0105] At least one photovoltaic array, each photovoltaic array includes multiple levels of photovoltaic components connected in series, each level of photovoltaic components includes: a photovoltaic unit and a monitoring unit bound to the photovoltaic unit;

[0106] The monitoring unit is used to process the received communication signal and output the processed communication signal when the power supply of the bound photovoltaic unit is normal, and directly output the received communication signal when the power supply of the bound photovoltaic unit fails;

[0107] The processing module is connected to at least one photovoltaic array and is used to obtain the communication signal output by each monitoring unit in the photovoltaic array and determine whether the bound photovoltaic unit has a fault according to the communication signal output by each monitoring unit.

[0108] For example, Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a photovoltaic fault monitoring system. Figure 5 illustrates a photovoltaic fault monitoring system comprising two photovoltaic arrays, photovoltaic array 61 and photovoltaic array 62, and a processing module 63. Each photovoltaic array comprises multiple stages of photovoltaic modules connected in series, each of which includes a photovoltaic unit 600 and a monitoring unit 611 associated with the photovoltaic unit 600.

[0109] It should be noted that the power supply of the photovoltaic unit is the electrical energy output by the photovoltaic panel. When the photovoltaic module fails, that is, when the photovoltaic unit fails, the photovoltaic panel cannot work and output electrical energy. Therefore, when the power supply of the photovoltaic unit fails, the received communication signal is directly output, which ensures the normal communication of the series-connected photovoltaic modules. At the same time, this is used as the basis for photovoltaic unit fault detection to realize a low-cost photovoltaic fault detection system.

[0110] The above-mentioned photovoltaic fault monitoring system, in which the monitoring unit processes the received communication signal and outputs the processed communication signal when the power supply of the bound photovoltaic unit is normally supplied. When the power supply of the bound photovoltaic unit fails, the received communication signal is directly output. In this way, the processing module can determine whether the bound photovoltaic unit has a fault based on the communication signal output by each monitoring unit. In this way, there is no need to set up a detection circuit for detecting the voltage, current, daily power generation, and total power generation of the photovoltaic unit to determine which photovoltaic unit has a fault, and photovoltaic unit fault detection can be achieved at a lower cost.

[0111] In some embodiments, the above-mentioned monitoring unit in the photovoltaic fault monitoring system may include a conversion unit and a main control unit; the conversion unit is used to directly output the communication signal when the power supply of the bound photovoltaic unit fails, and transmit the communication signal to the main control unit when the power supply of the bound photovoltaic unit is normally supplied; the main control unit is used to process the received communication signal and output the processed communication signal.

[0112] For example, Figure 6 is a structural schematic diagram of a monitoring unit. Figure 6 includes a conversion unit 71 and a main control unit 72. The input end of the monitoring unit is connected to the input end 71a of the conversion unit 71, and the output end 71b of the conversion unit 71 is connected to the output end of the main control unit 72 and the monitoring unit.

[0113] The conversion unit in the above-mentioned monitoring unit is used to directly output the communication signal without being processed by the main control unit when the power supply of the bound photovoltaic unit fails, and transmit the communication signal to the main control unit when the power supply of the bound photovoltaic unit is normally supplied; the main control unit processes the received communication signal and outputs the processed communication signal. Such a scheme will result in different output communication signals when the power supply of the bound photovoltaic unit fails and when the power supply of the bound photovoltaic unit is normally supplied, due to the difference in whether the communication signal is processed by the main control unit. Therefore, the processing module can know whether the power supply of the photovoltaic unit is normally supplied or the power supply fails based on the difference in the communication signal output by the photovoltaic component, thereby determining whether there is a fault in the bound photovoltaic unit.

[0114] Based on Figure 6, Figure 7A is a second structural schematic diagram of a monitoring unit, which includes a conversion unit 71 and a main control unit 72, and also includes an uplink port 73, an uplink isolation communication unit 74, a downlink isolation communication unit 75, a downlink port 76 and an isolated power supply module 77 as shown in Figure 7A.

[0115] Among them, the uplink port 73 is used to receive the input communication signal, the uplink isolation communication unit 74 is used to isolate the sending and receiving signals of the uplink port 73, the downlink isolation communication unit 75 is used to isolate the sending and receiving signals of the downlink port 76, and the isolation power supply module 77 is used to connect to the power supply of the photovoltaic unit.

[0116] In some embodiments, each monitoring unit includes a conversion unit and a main control unit, and each monitoring unit also includes: an uplink port, connected to the upper-level monitoring unit; a downlink port, connected to the lower-level monitoring unit; the conversion unit includes a first relay, the first relay is connected to the power supply, uplink port, downlink port, and main control unit of the bound photovoltaic unit; when the power supply of the bound photovoltaic unit is normally supplied, the first relay is used to control the uplink port to be connected to the main control unit, so as to transmit the communication signal received by the uplink port to the main control unit for processing and then output to the downlink port; when the power supply of the bound photovoltaic unit fails, the first relay is used to control the uplink port to be connected to the downlink port, so as to directly output the communication signal received by the uplink port to the downlink port.

[0117] For example, based on Figure 6, Figure 7B is a third structural schematic diagram of a monitoring unit, which includes a conversion unit 71, a main control unit 72, an upstream port 73, and a downstream port 76. The conversion unit 71 includes a first relay K1. In Figure 7B, the monitoring unit at this level is represented as a monitoring unit 70, the upper-level monitoring unit is represented as a monitoring unit 60, and the lower-level monitoring unit is represented as a monitoring unit 80. It can be seen that the upstream port 73 in the monitoring unit 70 is connected to the upper-level monitoring unit 60, the downstream port 76 is connected to the lower-level monitoring unit 80, and the first relay K1 is connected to the power supply, the upstream port 73, the downstream port 76, and the main control unit 72 of the bound photovoltaic unit.

[0118] For example, Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of a first relay, in which the first coil S1 in the first relay K1 is connected to the power supply of the bound photovoltaic unit, that is, point E in Figure 8 is connected to the negative power supply of the bound photovoltaic unit, point F is connected to the positive power supply of the bound photovoltaic unit, the first input terminal G of the first relay K1 is connected to the sending port of the upstream port, the second input terminal H of the first relay K1 is connected to the receiving port of the upstream port, the first output terminal X and the second output terminal Z of the first relay K1 are connected to the main control unit, the third output terminal I of the first relay K1 is connected to the sending port of the downstream port, and the fourth output terminal J of the first relay K1 is connected to the receiving port of the downstream port.

[0119] In the above-mentioned monitoring unit, the conversion unit is mainly controlled by the first relay to directly output the communication signal without being processed by the main control unit when the power supply of the bound photovoltaic unit fails, and transmit the communication signal to the main control unit when the power supply of the bound photovoltaic unit is normally supplied. The main control unit processes the received communication signal and outputs the processed communication signal. In this way, the processing module can know whether the power supply of the photovoltaic unit is normally supplied or the power supply is lost based on the difference in the output communication signals, thereby determining whether there is a fault in the bound photovoltaic unit.

[0120] In some embodiments, the conversion unit includes a first relay and a second relay.

[0121] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a conversion unit, which includes the first relay K1 and the second relay K2 described above. The coil S2 in the figure is the coil of the second relay. In Figure 9, point E is connected to the negative power supply of the bound photovoltaic unit, point F is connected to the positive power supply of the bound photovoltaic unit, the first input terminal G of the first relay K1 is connected to the sending port of the upstream port, the second input terminal H of the first relay K1 is connected to the receiving port of the upstream port, the first output terminal X and the second output terminal Z of the first relay K1 are connected to the main control unit, the third output terminal I of the first relay K1 is connected to the sending port of the downstream port, and the fourth output terminal J of the first relay K1 is connected to the receiving port of the downstream port.

[0122] Among them, the second relay K2 is connected to the power supply of the bound photovoltaic unit, that is, point E at both ends of the second coil S2 in the second relay K2 in Figure 9 is connected to the negative power supply of the bound photovoltaic unit, and point F is connected to the positive power supply of the bound photovoltaic unit; the second relay K2 is connected to the power supply of the upper-level photovoltaic unit, point A in Figure 9 is connected to the positive power supply of the upper-level photovoltaic unit and point C in the monitoring unit bound to the upper-level photovoltaic unit (that is, the upper-level monitoring unit), and point B is connected to the negative power supply of the upper-level photovoltaic unit and point D in the monitoring unit bound to the upper-level photovoltaic unit (that is, the upper-level monitoring unit); the second relay K2 is also connected to the lower-level photovoltaic unit, that is, point C in Figure 9 is connected to point A of the lower-level photovoltaic unit; point D is connected to point B of the lower-level photovoltaic unit. The above-mentioned second relay K2 can be used to control the power supply of the upper-level photovoltaic unit to be connected to the common contact, such as point S and point R in 9, when the power supply of the bound photovoltaic unit is normally supplied. When the power supply of the bound photovoltaic unit fails, the second relay is used to control the power supply of the upper-level photovoltaic unit to be connected to the next-level photovoltaic unit.

[0123] Optionally, a diode D1 may also be included in the figure.

[0124] FIG10 is a schematic structural diagram of another conversion unit, which includes the first relay K1, the second relay K2, the switching transistor Q1 and the optocoupler U1.

[0125] Points A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, X, Z, I, J, S, and R in FIG10 are the same as those in FIG9 and are not described again herein. The input end of the switching transistor Q1 is connected to the second end of the first coil S1, and the output end of the switching transistor Q1 is connected to the negative terminal of the power supply of the bound photovoltaic unit (i.e., point E). The optocoupler U1 is used to control the switching transistor Q1 to be in an on state when the power supply of the bound photovoltaic unit is normal, thereby energizing the first coil S1; and to control the switching transistor Q1 to be in an off state when the power supply of the bound photovoltaic unit is off, thereby de-energizing the first coil S1.

[0126] Optionally, FIG10 may further include a diode D2, a diode D3, a diode D4 and a resistor R1.

[0127] Taking Figure 10 as an example, the working principle of the above-mentioned conversion unit is as follows: when the photovoltaic power supply fails abnormally, the power supply of the photovoltaic unit is lost, and the first coil S1 of the first relay K1 is de-energized, controlling the common contact of the first relay K1 to be connected to the normally closed contact, that is, point A is connected to point C, and point B is connected to point D. At this time, point S and point R are suspended, and the input end of the optocoupler U1 is de-energized, thereby making Q1 in an off state, that is, the second coil S2 circuit of the second relay K2 is disconnected, and the common contact of the second relay K2 is connected to the normally closed contact, that is, point G is connected to point I, and point H is connected to point J, that is, the upstream port is connected to the downstream port, and the communication signal received from the upstream port is directly sent to the downstream port, thereby bypassing the communication line of the photovoltaic unit.

[0128] Taking Figure 11 as an example, Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of another conversion unit structure, which shows the connection relationship when the photovoltaic power supply is operating normally according to Figure 10. The operating principle of the above-mentioned conversion unit is as follows: When the photovoltaic power supply is operating normally, that is, the photovoltaic unit has power, the first coil S1 of the first relay K1 is energized, controlling the normally open contact of the first relay K1 switch to connect with the common contact, that is, point A is connected to point S, and point B is connected to point R. In addition, because the input end of the optocoupler U1 receives power from the upper power supply, the output end of the optocoupler U1 is turned on, thereby controlling Q1 to turn on, and then energizing the second coil of the second relay K2, controlling the connection between point G and point X, and point H and point Z.

[0129] Since point X and point Z are connected to the input end of the main control unit, the communication signal received from the uplink port can be sent to the main control unit for processing, so that the photovoltaic unit outputs the processed communication signal.

[0130] In order to facilitate understanding of the connection between two adjacent conversion units when multi-stage photovoltaic modules are connected, the present application provides a connection diagram of the two-stage conversion units. FIG12 is a connection diagram of the two-stage conversion units taking the conversion unit shown in FIG10 as an example.

[0131] In some embodiments, the processing module 63 in the photovoltaic fault monitoring system shown in Figure 5 is specifically used to: if it is detected that the communication signals output by a monitoring unit within a first preset time period are all unprocessed communication signals, then the bound photovoltaic unit has a fault and output fault information.

[0132] Because the photovoltaic unit takes a long time to generate electricity when solar energy is insufficient in cloudy and rainy weather, or the electricity generation is intermittent, a first preset time can be set to detect whether unprocessed communication signals are output within the first preset time. If it is determined that unprocessed communication signals are output for a long time (i.e., the first preset time), then it can be determined that the communication signals output by the monitoring unit are all unprocessed communication signals due to a failure of the photovoltaic unit, thereby improving the detection accuracy.

[0133] In some embodiments, the processing module 63 in the photovoltaic fault monitoring system shown in FIG5 is specifically used to: if it is detected that the communication signals output by a monitoring unit within a preset period are all unprocessed communication signals, then the bound photovoltaic unit has a fault and output fault information.

[0134] Since photovoltaic units do not generate electricity at night or in the afternoon on rainy days, a preset time period (for example, daytime) can be set to detect whether the communication signals output during the preset time period are unprocessed. If it is determined that unprocessed communication signals are output during the preset time period (i.e., the first preset duration), then it can be determined that the communication signals output by the monitoring unit are all unprocessed communication signals due to a failure of the photovoltaic unit, thereby improving the detection accuracy.

[0135] In some embodiments, the processing module 63 in the photovoltaic fault monitoring system shown in Figure 5 is specifically used to: if it is detected that the communication signals output by a monitoring unit within the first preset time period within the preset time period are all unprocessed communication signals, then the bound photovoltaic unit has a fault and outputs fault information.

[0136] Setting the preset time period and the first preset duration at the same time can further improve the detection accuracy.

[0137] In some embodiments, the first preset duration and / or preset period is set based on the current weather information. In this way, a suitable first preset duration and / or preset period can be set based on the relationship between the current weather information and the available solar energy.

[0138] In some embodiments, the processing module 63 in the photovoltaic fault monitoring system shown in FIG5 is further used to obtain preset identification information of the faulty photovoltaic unit, and obtain the location information of the faulty photovoltaic unit based on the identification information and the photovoltaic plane model corresponding to at least one set of photovoltaic arrays. The photovoltaic plane model includes the identification information of each photovoltaic unit and the location information corresponding to the identification information.

[0139] The identification information preset in the faulty photovoltaic unit may be the serial number of the faulty photovoltaic unit, and the position information of the faulty photovoltaic unit may be the row position and column position of the faulty photovoltaic unit in the photovoltaic system.

[0140] The photovoltaic fault monitoring system provided in the above embodiment can obtain the position information of the faulty photovoltaic unit in the photovoltaic system through the preset identification information and photovoltaic plane model in the faulty photovoltaic unit. After determining the faulty photovoltaic unit, the position information of the faulty photovoltaic unit can also be located, thereby facilitating timely processing of the faulty photovoltaic unit.

[0141] The present application provides a photovoltaic fault monitoring method. FIG13 is a flow chart of a photovoltaic fault detection method. The method is applied to the photovoltaic fault detection system in the above embodiment. The method may include but is not limited to the following steps:

[0142] 1301. Input a detection communication signal to at least one photovoltaic array.

[0143] The detection communication signal is a communication signal used to detect whether a photovoltaic unit in at least one photovoltaic array has a fault.

[0144] The detection communication signal can be input to each monitoring unit, or input to the monitoring unit in the first-stage photovoltaic assembly in each photovoltaic array, and can be transmitted step by step by the monitoring units in the multi-stage photovoltaic assemblies in the photovoltaic array.

[0145] 1302. Acquire a communication signal fed back by each monitoring unit in the photovoltaic array based on the detected communication signal.

[0146] Based on the photovoltaic fault detection system in the above embodiment, the monitoring unit will process the detection communication signal and output the processed communication signal when the photovoltaic unit is not faulty, while the monitoring unit will directly output the detection communication signal without processing when the photovoltaic unit is not faulty.

[0147] 1303. Determine whether a fault occurs in the bound photovoltaic unit based on the communication signal output by each monitoring unit.

[0148] Wherein, whether the bound photovoltaic unit fails can be determined based on the communication signal output by each monitoring unit.

[0149] In some embodiments, if it is detected that the communication signals output by a monitoring unit within a first preset time period are all unprocessed communication signals, then the bound photovoltaic unit fails and fault information is output.

[0150] Because the photovoltaic unit takes a long time to generate electricity when solar energy is insufficient in cloudy and rainy weather, or the electricity generation is intermittent, a first preset time can be set to detect whether unprocessed communication signals are output within the first preset time. If it is determined that unprocessed communication signals are output for a long time (i.e., the first preset time), then it can be determined that the communication signals output by the monitoring unit are all unprocessed communication signals due to a failure of the photovoltaic unit, thereby improving the detection accuracy.

[0151] In some embodiments, if it is detected that all communication signals output by a monitoring unit within a preset period are unprocessed communication signals, then the bound photovoltaic unit has a fault and fault information is output.

[0152] Since photovoltaic units do not generate electricity at night or in the afternoon on rainy days, a preset time period (for example, daytime) can be set to detect whether the communication signals output during the preset time period are unprocessed. If it is determined that unprocessed communication signals are output during the preset time period (i.e., the first preset duration), then it can be determined that the communication signals output by the monitoring unit are all unprocessed communication signals due to a failure of the photovoltaic unit, thereby improving the detection accuracy.

[0153] In some embodiments, if it is detected that the communication signals output by a monitoring unit within a first preset duration within a preset time period are all unprocessed communication signals, then the bound photovoltaic unit fails and fault information is output.

[0154] Setting the preset time period and the first preset duration at the same time can further improve the detection accuracy.

[0155] In some embodiments, the first preset duration and / or preset period is set based on the current weather information. In this way, a suitable first preset duration and / or preset period can be set based on the relationship between the current weather information and the available solar energy.

[0156] The above-mentioned photovoltaic fault monitoring method is based on the fact that each monitoring unit can judge whether the bound photovoltaic unit has a fault based on the communication signal output by the detection communication signal. There is no need to set up a detection circuit for detecting the voltage, current, daily power generation, and total power generation of the photovoltaic unit. It is possible to judge which photovoltaic unit has a fault, and the fault detection of the photovoltaic unit can be achieved at a relatively low cost.

[0157] The present application provides a photovoltaic fault monitoring method. FIG14 is a second flow chart of a photovoltaic fault detection method. The method is applied to the photovoltaic fault detection system in the above embodiment. The method may include but is not limited to the following steps:

[0158] 1401. Input a detection communication signal to at least one photovoltaic array.

[0159] In some embodiments, before inputting a detection communication signal to at least one photovoltaic array,

[0160] The invention relates to a photovoltaic array comprising: receiving an identifier of a bound photovoltaic unit and location information of the bound photovoltaic unit in the photovoltaic array sent by each monitoring unit; and modeling the at least one photovoltaic array based on the identifier of the bound photovoltaic unit and location information of the bound photovoltaic unit in the photovoltaic array sent by each monitoring unit to obtain a photovoltaic plane model.

[0161] 1402. Acquire a communication signal fed back by each monitoring unit in the photovoltaic array based on the detected communication signal.

[0162] 1403. Determine whether a fault occurs in the bound photovoltaic unit based on the communication signal output by each monitoring unit.

[0163] For the description of the above steps 1401 to 1403, reference can be made to the above description of steps 1301 to 1303, which will not be repeated here.

[0164] 1404. Obtain preset identification information of the faulty photovoltaic unit.

[0165] Wherein, obtaining the preset identification information of the faulty photovoltaic unit may be receiving the identification information of the faulty photovoltaic unit sent by the faulty photovoltaic unit.

[0166] 1405. Obtain a photovoltaic plane model corresponding to at least one preset set of photovoltaic arrays.

[0167] The photovoltaic plane model may be a pre-saved model generated by the at least one group of photovoltaic arrays, and the specific model generation process may be implemented based on the automatic plane modeling method for the photovoltaic system in the above embodiment.

[0168] 1406. Obtain location information of the faulty photovoltaic unit based on the identification information of the faulty photovoltaic unit and the photovoltaic plane model.

[0169] The photovoltaic plane model includes identification information of each photovoltaic unit and location information corresponding to the identification information.

[0170] Since the photovoltaic plane model contains the identification information of each photovoltaic unit and the location information corresponding to the identification information, the location information of the faulty photovoltaic unit can be obtained from the photovoltaic plane model based on the identification information of the faulty photovoltaic unit, so that the faulty photovoltaic unit can be accurately located.

[0171] In the present application, the application terminal can display a photovoltaic plane model with the aid of the identification information of each photovoltaic unit and the position information corresponding to the identification information. The photovoltaic plane model displayed by the application terminal includes a sub-model of each photovoltaic unit in at least one array and the positional relationship between these sub-models. Furthermore, after the photovoltaic plane model is displayed on the application terminal, after the faulty photovoltaic unit is subsequently located, the sub-model corresponding to the faulty photovoltaic unit can be highlighted (e.g., marked in red) on the displayed photovoltaic plane model, so that the position of the faulty photovoltaic unit in at least one array can be intuitively seen, thereby improving human-computer interaction performance.

[0172] It should be understood that, although the steps at all levels in the flowcharts involved in the above embodiments are displayed in sequence according to the instructions of the arrows, these steps are not necessarily executed in sequence in the order indicated by the arrows. Unless otherwise specified herein, there is no strict order restriction on the execution of these steps, and these steps can be executed in other orders. Moreover, at least a portion of the steps in the flowcharts involved in the above embodiments may include multiple steps or multiple stages, and these steps or stages are not necessarily executed at the same time, but can be executed at different times, and the execution order of these steps or stages is not necessarily to be carried out in sequence, but can be executed in turn or alternately with other steps or at least a portion of steps or stages in other steps.

[0173] In one embodiment, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, on which a computer program is stored. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the following steps are implemented:

[0174] inputting a detection communication signal to the at least one photovoltaic array;

[0175] Acquiring a communication signal fed back by each monitoring unit in the photovoltaic array based on the detection communication signal;

[0176] Whether the bound photovoltaic unit fails is determined according to the communication signal output by each monitoring unit.

[0177] In one embodiment, when the computer program is executed by a processor, the following steps are further implemented:

[0178] Obtaining preset identification information of the faulty photovoltaic unit;

[0179] Obtaining a preset photovoltaic plane model corresponding to the at least one group of photovoltaic arrays;

[0180] The location information of the faulty photovoltaic unit is acquired according to the identification information and the photovoltaic plane model, wherein the photovoltaic plane model includes the identification information of each photovoltaic unit and the location information corresponding to the identification information.

[0181] In one embodiment, when the computer program is executed by the processor, the following steps are further implemented: before inputting the detection communication signal to the at least one photovoltaic array:

[0182] receiving identification information of the bound photovoltaic unit and location information of the photovoltaic unit in the photovoltaic array sent by each monitoring unit in the at least one photovoltaic array;

[0183] Based on the identification of the bound photovoltaic unit and the position information of the photovoltaic unit in the photovoltaic array sent by each monitoring unit, the at least one photovoltaic array is modeled to obtain a photovoltaic plane model.

[0184] In one embodiment, when the computer program is executed by the processor, the following steps are further implemented: the step of determining whether the bound photovoltaic unit has failed based on the communication signal output by each monitoring unit includes:

[0185] If it is detected that the communication signals output by the monitoring unit within the first preset time period are all unprocessed communication signals, the bound photovoltaic unit fails and fault information is output;

[0186] and / or

[0187] If it is detected that the communication signals output by the monitoring unit within a preset time period are all unprocessed communication signals, then the bound photovoltaic unit has a fault and fault information is output.

[0188] In one embodiment, a computer program product is provided, comprising a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the following steps:

[0189] inputting a detection communication signal to the at least one photovoltaic array;

[0190] Acquiring a communication signal fed back by each monitoring unit in the photovoltaic array based on the detection communication signal;

[0191] It is determined whether the bound photovoltaic unit fails according to the communication signal output by each monitoring unit.

[0192] In one embodiment, when the computer program is executed by a processor, the following steps are further implemented:

[0193] Obtaining preset identification information of the faulty photovoltaic unit;

[0194] Obtaining a preset photovoltaic plane model corresponding to the at least one group of photovoltaic arrays;

[0195] The location information of the faulty photovoltaic unit is acquired according to the identification information and the photovoltaic plane model, wherein the photovoltaic plane model includes the identification information of each photovoltaic unit and the location information corresponding to the identification information.

[0196] In one embodiment, when the computer program is executed by the processor, the following steps are further implemented: before inputting the detection communication signal to the at least one photovoltaic array:

[0197] receiving identification information of the bound photovoltaic unit and location information of the photovoltaic unit in the photovoltaic array sent by each monitoring unit in the at least one photovoltaic array;

[0198] Based on the identification of the bound photovoltaic unit and the position information of the photovoltaic unit in the photovoltaic array sent by each monitoring unit, the at least one photovoltaic array is modeled to obtain a photovoltaic plane model.

[0199] In one embodiment, when the computer program is executed by the processor, the following steps are further implemented: the step of determining whether the bound photovoltaic unit has failed based on the communication signal output by each monitoring unit includes:

[0200] If it is detected that the communication signals output by the monitoring unit within the first preset time period are all unprocessed communication signals, the bound photovoltaic unit fails and fault information is output;

[0201] and / or

[0202] If it is detected that the communication signals output by the monitoring unit within a preset time period are all unprocessed communication signals, then the bound photovoltaic unit has a fault and fault information is output.

[0203] It should be noted that the user information (including but not limited to user device information, user personal information, etc.) and data (including but not limited to data used for analysis, stored data, displayed data, etc.) involved in this application are all information and data authorized by the user or fully authorized by all parties, and the collection, use and processing of relevant data must comply with relevant regulations.

[0204] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that all or part of the processes in the above-mentioned embodiments can be implemented by instructing the relevant hardware through a computer program, and the computer program can be stored in a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium. When the computer program is executed, it can include the processes of the embodiments of the above-mentioned methods. Among them, any reference to memory, database or other media used in the embodiments provided in this application may include at least one of non-volatile and volatile memory. Non-volatile memory may include read-only memory (ROM), magnetic tape, floppy disk, flash memory, optical memory, high-density embedded non-volatile memory, resistive random access memory (ReRAM), magnetic random access memory (MRAM), ferroelectric random access memory (FRAM), phase change memory (PCM), graphene memory, etc. Volatile memory may include random access memory (RAM) or external cache memory, etc. By way of illustration and not limitation, RAM can be in various forms, such as static random access memory (SRAM) or dynamic random access memory (DRAM). The database involved in the various embodiments provided herein may include at least one of a relational database and a non-relational database. Non-relational databases may include, but are not limited to, distributed databases based on blockchains. The processor involved in the various embodiments provided herein may be, but are not limited to, a general-purpose processor, a central processing unit, a graphics processing unit, a digital signal processor, a programmable logic unit, a data processing logic unit based on quantum computing, and the like.

[0205] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. In order to make the description concise, not all possible combinations of technical features at each level in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0206] The above-described embodiments merely represent several implementation methods of the present application. While the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the patent application. It should be noted that a person of ordinary skill in the art may make various modifications and improvements without departing from the spirit of the present application, and these modifications and improvements fall within the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present patent application shall be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic fault monitoring system, wherein, Comprising: At least one set of photovoltaic arrays, each of the photovoltaic arrays comprising a plurality of stages of photovoltaic modules connected in series, and each stage of photovoltaic module comprising: a photovoltaic unit and a monitoring unit bound to the photovoltaic unit; The monitoring unit is configured to process the received communication signal and output the processed communication signal when the power supply of the bound photovoltaic unit is normally powered, and directly output the received communication signal when the power supply of the bound photovoltaic unit loses power; A processing module, connected to the at least one set of photovoltaic arrays, is configured to obtain the communication signals output by each monitoring unit in the photovoltaic arrays and determine whether the bound photovoltaic unit fails according to the communication signals output by each monitoring unit.

2. The system according to claim 1, wherein, The monitoring unit includes a conversion unit and a main control unit; The conversion unit is configured to directly output the communication signal when the power supply of the bound photovoltaic unit loses power, and transmit the communication signal to the main control unit when the power supply of the bound photovoltaic unit is normally powered; The main control unit is configured to process the received communication signal and output the processed communication signal.

3. The system according to claim 2, wherein Each of the monitoring units further includes: An upstream port, connected to the upstream monitoring unit; A downstream port, connected to the downstream monitoring unit; The conversion unit includes a first relay, and the first relay is connected to the power supply of the bound photovoltaic unit, the upstream port, the downstream port, and the main control unit; when the power supply of the bound photovoltaic unit is normally powered, the first relay is configured to control the upstream port to be connected to the main control unit to transmit the communication signal received by the upstream port to the main control unit; when the power supply of the bound photovoltaic unit loses power, the first relay is configured to control the upstream port to be connected to the downstream port to directly output the communication signal received by the upstream port to the downstream port.

4. The system according to claim 3, wherein, The first coil in the first relay is connected to the power supply of the bound photovoltaic unit, the first input terminal of the first relay is connected to the sending port of the upstream port, the second input terminal of the first relay is connected to the receiving port of the upstream port, the first output terminal and the second output terminal of the first relay are connected to the main control unit, the third output terminal of the first relay is connected to the sending port of the downstream port, and the fourth output terminal of the first relay is connected to the receiving port of the downstream port.

5. The system according to claim 4, wherein, The conversion unit further includes: a second relay; The second relay is connected to the power supply of the upstream photovoltaic unit, the power supply of the bound photovoltaic unit, and the downstream photovoltaic unit. When the power supply of the bound photovoltaic unit is normally powered, the second relay is configured to control the power supply of the upstream photovoltaic unit to be connected to the common contact; when the power supply of the bound photovoltaic unit loses power, the second relay is configured to control the power supply of the upstream photovoltaic unit to be connected to the downstream photovoltaic unit.

6. The system according to claim 5, wherein, The conversion unit further includes: a switching transistor and an optocoupler; The optocoupler is connected to the second relay, the switching transistor, and the first coil, and the switching transistor is connected to the first coil; The optocoupler is used to control the switching transistor to be in the conducting state when the power supply of the bound photovoltaic unit is normally powered, so that the first coil is energized; when the power supply of the bound photovoltaic unit loses power, the switching transistor is controlled to be in the off state, so that the first coil loses power.

7. The system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein, The processing module is specifically configured to: If it is detected that the communication signals output by a monitoring unit within a first preset time period are all unprocessed communication signals, the bound photovoltaic unit has a fault, and a fault message is output.

8. The system according to claim 7, wherein Set the first preset time period based on the current weather information.

9. The system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein, The processing module is specifically configured to: If it is detected that the communication signals output by a monitoring unit within a preset time period are all unprocessed communication signals, the bound photovoltaic unit has a fault, and the fault message is output.

10. The system according to claim 9, wherein, Set the preset time period based on the current weather information.

11. The system according to claim 1, wherein, The processing module is further configured to obtain preset identification information in the faulty photovoltaic unit, and obtain the position information of the faulty photovoltaic unit according to the identification information and the photovoltaic plane model corresponding to the at least one group of photovoltaic arrays preset.

12. A photovoltaic fault monitoring method, applied to the photovoltaic fault detection system according to any one of claims 1-11, wherein, Including: Input a detection communication signal to the at least one photovoltaic array; Obtain the communication signals fed back by each monitoring unit in the photovoltaic array based on the detection communication signal; Judge whether the bound photovoltaic unit has a fault according to the communication signal output by each monitoring unit.

13. The method according to claim 12, wherein, Further including: Obtain the preset identification information of the faulty photovoltaic unit; Obtain the photovoltaic plane model corresponding to the at least one group of photovoltaic arrays preset; Obtain the position information of the faulty photovoltaic unit according to the identification information and the photovoltaic plane model, where the photovoltaic plane model includes the identification information of each photovoltaic unit and the position information corresponding to the identification information.

14. The method according to claim 13, wherein, Before inputting the detection communication signal to the at least one photovoltaic array, the method further includes: Receive the identification of the bound photovoltaic unit and the position information in the photovoltaic array sent by each monitoring unit in the at least one photovoltaic array; Based on the identification of the bound photovoltaic unit and the position information in the photovoltaic array sent by each monitoring unit, model the at least one photovoltaic array to obtain a photovoltaic plane model.

15. The method according to any one of claims 12 to 14, wherein The judging whether the bound photovoltaic unit has a fault according to the communication signal output by each monitoring unit includes: If it is detected that the communication signals output by a monitoring unit within a first preset time period are all unprocessed communication signals, the bound photovoltaic unit has a fault, and a fault message is output.

16. The method according to claim 15, wherein, Set the first preset time period based on the current weather information.

17. The method according to any one of claims 12 to 14, wherein, The judging whether the bound photovoltaic unit has a fault according to the communication signal output by each monitoring unit includes: If it is detected that the communication signals output by a monitoring unit within a preset time period are all unprocessed communication signals, the bound photovoltaic unit has a fault, and a fault message is output.

18. The method according to claim 17, wherein, Set the preset time period based on the current weather information.

19. The method according to claim 12, wherein, The method further includes: Obtain the preset identification information in the faulty photovoltaic unit, and obtain the position information of the faulty photovoltaic unit according to the identification information and the photovoltaic plane model corresponding to the at least one group of photovoltaic arrays set in advance.

20. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, wherein, When the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the steps of the method according to any one of claims 12 to 19.

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