Method, apparatus, and medium for video processing
A feedback mechanism in video transcoding optimizes encoding by selectively reusing decoded information, improving efficiency and maintaining quality in the transcoding process.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- PCT/CN2025/070605
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Priority Date
- 2024-01-05
- Filing Date
- 2025-01-03
- Publication Date
- 2025-07-10
AI Technical Summary
Existing video transcoding methods do not effectively utilize decoded information to accelerate the encoding process while maintaining encoding quality, leading to inefficiencies and potential quality degradation.
Implementing a feedback mechanism during video transcoding to determine whether to reuse decoded information for encoding, using indicators such as CU depth, prediction mode, and motion vectors to optimize the encoding process.
Enhances encoding efficiency by reducing computational complexity and maintaining video quality through informed reuse of decoded information.
Smart Images

Figure CN2025070605_10072025_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
METHOD, APPARATUS, AND MEDIUM FOR VIDEO PROCESSINGFIELDS
[0001] Embodiments of the present disclosure relates generally to video processing techniques, and more particularly, to video transcoding with feedback mechanism.BACKGROUND
[0002] In nowadays, digital video capabilities are being applied in various aspects of peoples’ lives. Multiple types of video compression technologies, such as MPEG-2, MPEG-4, ITU-TH. 263, ITU-TH. 264 / MPEG-4 Part 10 Advanced Video Coding (AVC) , ITU-TH. 265 high efficiency video coding (HEVC) standard, versatile video coding (VVC) standard, have been proposed for video encoding / decoding. However, coding efficiency of video coding techniques is generally expected to be further improved.SUMMARY
[0003] Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a solution for video processing.
[0004] In a first aspect, a method for video processing is proposed. The method comprises: determining, for a conversion between a current video unit of a video and a bitstream of the video, an indication based on at least one of: reference decoded information, coded information of at least one previous video unit, or common image information associated with the current video unit, the indication indicating whether to use the reference decoded information for the conversion; and performing the conversion based on the indication. The method in accordance with the first aspect of the present disclosure determines whether to use the reference decoded information to code the current video unit. The coding performance may be thus enhanced.
[0005] In a second aspect, an apparatus for video processing is proposed. The apparatus comprises a processor and a non-transitory memory with instructions thereon. The instructions upon execution by the processor, cause the processor to perform a method in accordance with the first aspect of the present disclosure.
[0006] In a third aspect, a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium is proposed. The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium stores instructions that cause a processor to perform a method in accordance with the first aspect of the present disclosure.
[0007] In a fourth aspect, another non-transitory computer-readable recording medium is proposed. The non-transitory computer-readable recording medium stores a bitstream of a video which is generated by a method performed by an apparatus for video processing. The method comprises: determining an indication based on at least one of: reference decoded information, coded information of at least one previous video unit, or common image information associated with a current video unit of the video, the indication indicating whether to use the reference decoded information for coding the current video unit; and generating the bitstream based on the indication.
[0008] In a fifth aspect, a method for storing a bitstream of a video is proposed. The method comprises: determining an indication based on at least one of: reference decoded information, coded information of at least one previous video unit, or common image information associated with a current video unit of the video, the indication indicating whether to use the reference decoded information for coding the current video unit; generating the bitstream based on the indication; and storing the bitstream in a non-transitory computer-readable recording medium.
[0009] This Summary is provided to introduce a selection of concepts in a simplified form that are further described below in the Detailed Description. This Summary is not intended to identify key features or essential features of the claimed subject matter, nor is it intended to be used to limit the scope of the claimed subject matter.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0010] Through the following detailed description with reference to the accompanying drawings, the above and other objectives, features, and advantages of example embodiments of the present disclosure will become more apparent. In the example embodiments of the present disclosure, the same reference numerals usually refer to the same components.
[0011] Fig. 1 illustrates a block diagram that illustrates an example video coding system, in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0012] Fig. 2 illustrates a block diagram that illustrates a first example video encoder, in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0013] Fig. 3 illustrates a block diagram that illustrates an example video decoder, in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0014] Fig. 4 illustrates a pipeline of a cascaded transcoding from HEVC to VVC;
[0015] Fig. 5 illustrates a framework of an efficient transcoder with a feedback mechanism in accordance with embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0016] Fig. 6 illustrates a pipeline of transcoder with a feedback mechanism implemented at CTU level in accordance with embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0017] Fig. 7 illustrates a flowchart of a method for video processing in accordance with embodiments of the present disclosure; and
[0018] Fig. 8 illustrates a block diagram of a computing device in which various embodiments of the present disclosure can be implemented.
[0019] Throughout the drawings, the same or similar reference numerals usually refer to the same or similar elements.DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0020] Principle of the present disclosure will now be described with reference to some embodiments. It is to be understood that these embodiments are described only for the purpose of illustration and help those skilled in the art to understand and implement the present disclosure, without suggesting any limitation as to the scope of the disclosure. The disclosure described herein can be implemented in various manners other than the ones described below.
[0021] In the following description and claims, unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skills in the art to which this disclosure belongs.
[0022] References in the present disclosure to “one embodiment, ” “an embodiment, ” “an example embodiment, ” and the like indicate that the embodiment described may include a particular feature, structure, or characteristic, but it is not necessary that every embodiment includes the particular feature, structure, or characteristic. Moreover, such phrases are not necessarily referring to the same embodiment. Further, when a particular feature, structure, or characteristic is described in connection with an example embodiment, it is submitted that it is within the knowledge of one skilled in the art to affect such feature, structure, or characteristic in connection with other embodiments whether or not explicitly described.
[0023] It shall be understood that although the terms “first” and “second” etc. may be used herein to describe various elements, these elements should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element from another. For example, a first element could be termed a second element, and similarly, a second element could be termed a first element, without departing from the scope of example embodiments. As used herein, the term “and / or” includes any and all combinations of one or more of the listed terms.
[0024] The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments. As used herein, the singular forms “a” , “an” and “the” are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will be further understood that the terms “comprises” , “comprising” , “has” , “having” , “includes” and / or “including” , when used herein, specify the presence of stated features, elements, and / or components etc., but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, elements, components and / or combinations thereof. Example Environment
[0025] Fig. 1 is a block diagram that illustrates an example video coding system 100 that may utilize the techniques of this disclosure. As shown, the video coding system 100 may include a source device 110 and a destination device 120. The source device 110 can be also referred to as a video encoding device, and the destination device 120 can be also referred to as a video decoding device. In operation, the source device 110 can be configured to generate encoded video data and the destination device 120 can be configured to decode the encoded video data generated by the source device 110. The source device 110 may include a video source 112, a video encoder 114, and an input / output (I / O) interface 116.
[0026] The video source 112 may include a source such as a video capture device. Examples of the video capture device include, but are not limited to, an interface to receive video data from a video content provider, a computer graphics system for generating video data, and / or a combination thereof.
[0027] The video data may comprise one or more pictures. The video encoder 114 encodes the video data from the video source 112 to generate a bitstream. The bitstream may include a sequence of bits that form a coded representation of the video data. The bitstream may include coded pictures and associated data. The coded picture is a coded representation of a picture. The associated data may include sequence parameter sets, picture parameter sets, and other syntax structures. The I / O interface 116 may include a modulator / demodulator and / or a transmitter. The encoded video data may be transmitted directly to destination device 120 via the I / O interface 116 through the network 130A. The encoded video data may also be stored onto a storage medium / server 130B for access by destination device 120.
[0028] The destination device 120 may include an I / O interface 126, a video decoder 124, and a display device 122. The I / O interface 126 may include a receiver and / or a modem. The I / O interface 126 may acquire encoded video data from the source device 110 or the storage medium / server 130B. The video decoder 124 may decode the encoded video data. The display device 122 may display the decoded video data to a user. The display device 122 may be integrated with the destination device 120, or may be external to the destination device 120 which is configured to interface with an external display device.
[0029] The video encoder 114 and the video decoder 124 may operate according to a video compression standard, such as the High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) standard, Versatile Video Coding (VVC) standard and other current and / or further standards.
[0030] Fig. 2 is a block diagram illustrating an example of a video encoder 200, which may be an example of the video encoder 114 in the system 100 illustrated in Fig. 1, in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0031] The video encoder 200 may be configured to implement any or all of the techniques of this disclosure. In the example of Fig. 2, the video encoder 200 includes a plurality of functional components. The techniques described in this disclosure may be shared among the various components of the video encoder 200. In some examples, a processor may be configured to perform any or all of the techniques described in this disclosure.
[0032] In some embodiments, the video encoder 200 may include a partition unit 201, a prediction unit 202 which may include a mode select unit 203, a motion estimation unit 204, a motion compensation unit 205 and an intra-prediction unit 206, a residual generation unit 207, a transform unit 208, a quantization unit 209, an inverse quantization unit 210, an inverse transform unit 211, a reconstruction unit 212, a buffer 213, and an entropy encoding unit 214.
[0033] In other examples, the video encoder 200 may include more, fewer, or different functional components. In an example, the prediction unit 202 may include an intra block copy (IBC) unit. The IBC unit may perform prediction in an IBC mode in which at least one reference picture is a picture where the current video block is located.
[0034] Furthermore, although some components, such as the motion estimation unit 204 and the motion compensation unit 205, may be integrated, but are represented in the example of Fig. 2 separately for purposes of explanation.
[0035] The partition unit 201 may partition a picture into one or more video blocks. The video encoder 200 and the video decoder 300 may support various video block sizes.
[0036] The mode select unit 203 may select one of the coding modes, intra or inter, e.g., based on error results, and provide the resulting intra-coded or inter-coded block to a residual generation unit 207 to generate residual block data and to a reconstruction unit 212 to reconstruct the encoded block for use as a reference picture. In some examples, the mode select unit 203 may select a combination of intra and inter prediction (CIIP) mode in which the prediction is based on an inter prediction signal and an intra prediction signal. The mode select unit 203 may also select a resolution for a motion vector (e.g., a sub-pixel or integer pixel precision) for the block in the case of inter-prediction.
[0037] To perform inter prediction on a current video block, the motion estimation unit 204 may generate motion information for the current video block by comparing one or more reference frames from buffer 213 to the current video block. The motion compensation unit 205 may determine a predicted video block for the current video block based on the motion information and decoded samples of pictures from the buffer 213 other than the picture associated with the current video block.
[0038] The motion estimation unit 204 and the motion compensation unit 205 may perform different operations for a current video block, for example, depending on whether the current video block is in an I-slice, a P-slice, or a B-slice. As used herein, an “I-slice” may refer to a portion of a picture composed of macroblocks, all of which are based upon macroblocks within the same picture. Further, as used herein, in some aspects, “P-slices” and “B-slices” may refer to portions of a picture composed of macroblocks that are not dependent on macroblocks in the same picture.
[0039] In some examples, the motion estimation unit 204 may perform uni-directional prediction for the current video block, and the motion estimation unit 204 may search reference pictures of list 0 or list 1 for a reference video block for the current video block. The motion estimation unit 204 may then generate a reference index that indicates the reference picture in list 0 or list 1 that contains the reference video block and a motion vector that indicates a spatial displacement between the current video block and the reference video block. The motion estimation unit 204 may output the reference index, a prediction direction indicator, and the motion vector as the motion information of the current video block. The motion compensation unit 205 may generate the predicted video block of the current video block based on the reference video block indicated by the motion information of the current video block.
[0040] Alternatively, in other examples, the motion estimation unit 204 may perform bi-directional prediction for the current video block. The motion estimation unit 204 may search the reference pictures in list 0 for a reference video block for the current video block and may also search the reference pictures in list 1 for another reference video block for the current video block. The motion estimation unit 204 may then generate reference indexes that indicate the reference pictures in list 0 and list 1 containing the reference video blocks and motion vectors that indicate spatial displacements between the reference video blocks and the current video block. The motion estimation unit 204 may output the reference indexes and the motion vectors of the current video block as the motion information of the current video block. The motion compensation unit 205 may generate the predicted video block of the current video block based on the reference video blocks indicated by the motion information of the current video block.
[0041] In some examples, the motion estimation unit 204 may output a full set of motion information for decoding processing of a decoder. Alternatively, in some embodiments, the motion estimation unit 204 may signal the motion information of the current video block with reference to the motion information of another video block. For example, the motion estimation unit 204 may determine that the motion information of the current video block is sufficiently similar to the motion information of a neighboring video block.
[0042] In one example, the motion estimation unit 204 may indicate, in a syntax structure associated with the current video block, a value that indicates to the video decoder 300 that the current video block has the same motion information as the another video block.
[0043] In another example, the motion estimation unit 204 may identify, in a syntax structure associated with the current video block, another video block and a motion vector difference (MVD) . The motion vector difference indicates a difference between the motion vector of the current video block and the motion vector of the indicated video block. The video decoder 300 may use the motion vector of the indicated video block and the motion vector difference to determine the motion vector of the current video block.
[0044] As discussed above, video encoder 200 may predictively signal the motion vector. Two examples of predictive signaling techniques that may be implemented by video encoder 200 include advanced motion vector prediction (AMVP) and merge mode signaling.
[0045] The intra prediction unit 206 may perform intra prediction on the current video block. When the intra prediction unit 206 performs intra prediction on the current video block, the intra prediction unit 206 may generate prediction data for the current video block based on decoded samples of other video blocks in the same picture. The prediction data for the current video block may include a predicted video block and various syntax elements.
[0046] The residual generation unit 207 may generate residual data for the current video block by subtracting (e.g., indicated by the minus sign) the predicted video block (s) of the current video block from the current video block. The residual data of the current video block may include residual video blocks that correspond to different sample components of the samples in the current video block.
[0047] In other examples, there may be no residual data for the current video block for the current video block, for example in a skip mode, and the residual generation unit 207 may not perform the subtracting operation.
[0048] The transform processing unit 208 may generate one or more transform coefficient video blocks for the current video block by applying one or more transforms to a residual video block associated with the current video block.
[0049] After the transform processing unit 208 generates a transform coefficient video block associated with the current video block, the quantization unit 209 may quantize the transform coefficient video block associated with the current video block based on one or more quantization parameter (QP) values associated with the current video block.
[0050] The inverse quantization unit 210 and the inverse transform unit 211 may apply inverse quantization and inverse transforms to the transform coefficient video block, respectively, to reconstruct a residual video block from the transform coefficient video block. The reconstruction unit 212 may add the reconstructed residual video block to corresponding samples from one or more predicted video blocks generated by the prediction unit 202 to produce a reconstructed video block associated with the current video block for storage in the buffer 213.
[0051] After the reconstruction unit 212 reconstructs the video block, loop filtering operation may be performed to reduce video blocking artifacts in the video block.
[0052] The entropy encoding unit 214 may receive data from other functional components of the video encoder 200. When the entropy encoding unit 214 receives the data, the entropy encoding unit 214 may perform one or more entropy encoding operations to generate entropy encoded data and output a bitstream that includes the entropy encoded data.
[0053] Fig. 3 is a block diagram illustrating an example of a video decoder 300, which may be an example of the video decoder 124 in the system 100 illustrated in Fig. 1, in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0054] The video decoder 300 may be configured to perform any or all of the techniques of this disclosure. In the example of Fig. 3, the video decoder 300 includes a plurality of functional components. The techniques described in this disclosure may be shared among the various components of the video decoder 300. In some examples, a processor may be configured to perform any or all of the techniques described in this disclosure.
[0055] In the example of Fig. 3, the video decoder 300 includes an entropy decoding unit 301, a motion compensation unit 302, an intra prediction unit 303, an inverse quantization unit 304, an inverse transformation unit 305, and a reconstruction unit 306 and a buffer 307. The video decoder 300 may, in some examples, perform a decoding pass generally reciprocal to the encoding pass described with respect to video encoder 200.
[0056] The entropy decoding unit 301 may retrieve an encoded bitstream. The encoded bitstream may include entropy coded video data (e.g., encoded blocks of video data) . The entropy decoding unit 301 may decode the entropy coded video data, and from the entropy decoded video data, the motion compensation unit 302 may determine motion information including motion vectors, motion vector precision, reference picture list indexes, and other motion information. The motion compensation unit 302 may, for example, determine such information by performing the AMVP and merge mode. AMVP is used, including derivation of several most probable candidates based on data from adjacent PBs and the reference picture. Motion information typically includes the horizontal and vertical motion vector displacement values, one or two reference picture indices, and, in the case of prediction regions in B slices, an identification of which reference picture list is associated with each index. As used herein, in some aspects, a “merge mode” may refer to deriving the motion information from spatially or temporally neighboring blocks.
[0057] The motion compensation unit 302 may produce motion compensated blocks, possibly performing interpolation based on interpolation filters. Identifiers for interpolation filters to be used with sub-pixel precision may be included in the syntax elements.
[0058] The motion compensation unit 302 may use the interpolation filters as used by the video encoder 200 during encoding of the video block to calculate interpolated values for sub-integer pixels of a reference block. The motion compensation unit 302 may determine the interpolation filters used by the video encoder 200 according to the received syntax information and use the interpolation filters to produce predictive blocks.
[0059] The motion compensation unit 302 may use at least part of the syntax information to determine sizes of blocks used to encode frame (s) and / or slice (s) of the encoded video sequence, partition information that describes how each macroblock of a picture of the encoded video sequence is partitioned, modes indicating how each partition is encoded, one or more reference frames (and reference frame lists) for each inter-encoded block, and other information to decode the encoded video sequence. As used herein, in some aspects, a “slice” may refer to a data structure that can be decoded independently from other slices of the same picture, in terms of entropy coding, signal prediction, and residual signal reconstruction. A slice can either be an entire picture or a region of a picture.
[0060] The intra prediction unit 303 may use intra prediction modes for example received in the bitstream to form a prediction block from spatially adjacent blocks. The inverse quantization unit 304 inverse quantizes, i.e., de-quantizes, the quantized video block coefficients provided in the bitstream and decoded by entropy decoding unit 301. The inverse transform unit 305 applies an inverse transform.
[0061] The reconstruction unit 306 may obtain the decoded blocks, e.g., by summing the residual blocks with the corresponding prediction blocks generated by the motion compensation unit 302 or intra-prediction unit 303. If desired, a deblocking filter may also be applied to filter the decoded blocks in order to remove blockiness artifacts. The decoded video blocks are then stored in the buffer 307, which provides reference blocks for subsequent motion compensation / intra prediction and also produces decoded video for presentation on a display device.
[0062] Some exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detailed hereinafter. It should be understood that section headings are used in the present document to facilitate ease of understanding and do not limit the embodiments disclosed in a section to only that section. Furthermore, while certain embodiments are described with reference to Versatile Video Coding or other specific video codecs, the disclosed techniques are applicable to other video coding technologies also. Furthermore, while some embodiments describe video coding steps in detail, it will be understood that corresponding steps decoding that undo the coding will be implemented by a decoder. Furthermore, the term video processing encompasses video coding or compression, video decoding or decompression and video transcoding in which video pixels are represented from one compressed format into another compressed format or at a different compressed bitrate. 1. Brief Summary
[0063] This disclosure is related to video coding technologies. Specifically, it is related to video transcoding. It may be applied to those encoders conforming to existing video coding standards like High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) , or Versatile Video Coding (VVC) . It may also be applicable to other video coding standards or video codecs. 2. Introduction
[0064] Video coding standards have evolved primarily through the development of the well-known ITU-T and ISO / IEC standards. The ITU-T standardized H. 261 and H. 263, while ISO / IEC standardized MPEG-1 and MPEG-4 Visual during the similar period, and the two organizations jointly worked out the H. 262 / MPEG-2 Video, H. 264 / MPEG-4 Advanced Video Coding (AVC) and H. 265 / HEVC standards. Since H. 262, the video coding standards are based on the hybrid video coding structure wherein temporal prediction plus transform coding are utilized. In July 2020, the latest video coding standard H. 266 / VVC, developed by the Joint Video Experts Team (JVET) is finalized. Although newer video coding standards have indeed achieved superior compression rate, they also come with an increasing level of complexity.
[0065] Video transcoding refers to the process of converting a previously compressed video stream into another video stream to accommodate different network bandwidths, diverse terminal processing capabilities, and various user requirements. Video transcoding is essentially a process of decoding an input bitstream into a raw reconstructed video and subsequently re-encoding the video into another bitstream according to different settings, such as standard, resolution, and bitrate etc. Thus, the resulting stream before and after the conversion may belong to different video coding standards. Fig. 4 illustrates a pipeline 400 of a cascaded transcoding from HEVC to VVC, such as from an HEVC encoder 410 to a VVC decoder 420. For example, as shown in Fig. 4, transcoding from HEVC to VVC involves converting a stream that has already been encoded by a HEVC encoder into a VVC stream. Conventional transcoding involves a complete encoding of the decoded video. Due to the high complexity of the newer standard, the entire process becomes time-consuming. Fortunately, the mainstream coding standards share similar architectures, so leveraging decoding-related information has the potential to accelerate the encoding process, thereby improving transcoding efficiency. 2.1. Coding Structure
[0066] Mainstream video coding standards are built on block-based hybrid coding frameworks, and their encoding processes share commonalities, including block partitioning, prediction, transform, quantization, and entropy coding. While the overall structure remains analogous, each standard introduces unique features and divergences.
[0067] Taking H. 264 / AVC as an example, frames are divided into macroblocks (MB) of fixed size 16×16. Each MB is linked to a specific coding mode, with three primary coding modes: Inter, Intra, and Skip / Direct. The Skip / Direct mode can be viewed as a variant of Inter mode, where motion parameters are derived from temporal or spatial neighboring coding blocks. In contrast, HEVC and VVC adopt a coding tree unit (CTU) as their foundational structure, presenting a departure from the conventional macroblock concept. The CTU's size is dynamically determined by the encoder and can surpass that of traditional macroblocks. Furthermore, the CTU serves as the root for the hierarchical tree partition structure in both HEVC and VVC. HEVC introduces the Coding Unit (CU) , which can undergo recursive subdivision into sub-CUs using quadtree partitioning. Each leaf CU can be further divided into Prediction Units (PU) and Transform Units (TU) , facilitating a more granular representation of video content. However, in VVC, the distinction among the concepts of CU, PU, and TU is no longer maintained. Instead, VVC introduces the Multi-Type Tree (MTT) concept, incorporating not only quadtree partitioning but also binary tree (BT) and ternary tree (TT) structures. The introduction of MTT enhances the adaptability of VVC by providing multiple tree structures to accommodate diverse video content characteristics. Moreover, the choice of a specific coding mode (Intra, Inter, or Skip / Merge) occurs at the CU level, offering flexibility in selecting the most suitable mode for a given context. In summary, while mainstream video coding standards share a common foundation, the distinctions in block structures, partitioning strategies, and coding modes among standards like H. 264 / AVC, HEVC, and VVC showcase the ongoing evolution in video compression technologies. These divergences underscore the continuous efforts to enhance compression efficiency, adaptability, and the overall quality of compressed video content.
[0068] Due to these factors, during the actual transcoding process, a potential challenge arises when the block size of the input bitstream does not align with the encoder's configured parameters. Such discrepancies may introduce inconsistencies that impact the transcoding outcome. Moreover, specific encoding tools within the input bitstream, such as the intra mode in non-I slices, may remain deactivated. This discrepancy can result in a misleading assumption that these tools are active during encoding, potentially leading to incorrect information reuse. 2.2. Fast Transcoding Based on Information Reuse
[0069] The core idea of fast transcoding is to accelerate the encoding process by reusing decoded information. This decoded information encompasses CU depth information, prediction mode data, residual coefficient, motion vector, and so on. Directly inheriting decoded information by the encoder can result in a significant loss. Therefore, it is typically achieved through a mapping of decoded information to guide the encoder in bypassing unnecessary searches, thereby accelerating the encoding process.
[0070] In the case of CU depth information reuse, to accelerate encoding speed, CU depth information is extracted during decoding and fed into the encoder along with the corresponding reconstructed frame. When performing block partition, the encoder maps the extracted depth information of the corresponding position. Based on contextual factors such as the mapped depth and current depth, the encoder decides whether to early terminate the partition, proceed with a regular Rate-Distortion Optimization (RDO) search, or skip certain mode searches and directly partition into sub-blocks. This approach enables the encoder to determine the partitioning results for each CU without the need to traverse and construct the entire block tree structure. By leveraging the CU depth information of input bitstream, the encoder can avoid unnecessary searches and save computations. And the correlation between the decoded information of the input bitstream and the encoding results is significant. This optimized process not only reduces computational complexity but also maintains compressed video quality. 3. Problems
[0071] The existing transcoding solutions do not consider the availability of decoded information. Due to the inherent inability to anticipate the encoding parameters of the input bitstream in advance, in certain scenarios, the direct utilization of decoded information for re-encoding acceleration may lead to a significant degradation in quality. Video transcoding with a feedback mechanism ensures an improvement in the encoding speed while concurrently maintaining the encoding quality. 4. Detailed solutions
[0072] It is proposed to introduce feedback mechanism during video transcoding process where the feedback procedure is utilized to determine whether to / how to use the decoded information to accelerate the coding process of a current or a proceeding video unit.
[0073] The detailed embodiments below should be considered as examples to explain general concepts. These embodiments should not be interpreted in a narrow way. Furthermore, these embodiments can be combined in any manner.
[0074] Fig. 5 illustrates a pipeline 500 of an efficient transcoder with a feedback mechanism in accordance with embodiments of the present disclosure. As shown, a decoder 510 may convert an input bitstream into a reconstructed video. The reconstructed video may be sent to an encoder 520. Decoded information such as CU depth, prediction mode, motion vector and the like may be extracted from the decoder 510. Coded information such as encoded information from the encoder 520 may be used as feedback 530. The feedback 530 and the decoded information from the decoder 510 may be used to determine whether to reuse the decoded information.
[0075] The feedback mechanism may be implemented at a video unit (e.g., CTU level, a frame level, or a GOP level) . Some coded information or mapped decoded information (e.g., motion vectors) is utilized to determine whether reusing decoded information to accelerate encoding process for next CTU, next frame, or next GOP. Alternatively, some coded information or mapped decoded information (e.g., quantization parameters) is utilized to determine whether reusing decoded information to accelerate encoding process for current CTU, current frame, or current GOP. It is important to note that the proposed method can be applied to video transcoding for various codecs, such as H. 264 / AVC, H. 265 / HEVC, H.266 / VVC, or AV1.
[0076] Hereinafter, information mapping refers to the transformation of decoded information, and the transformation can be performed at either a video unit (e.g., a block) or a frame level. The information is stored using M×N blocks as the basic unit, where M or N can assume values of 4, 8. For example, assume the partitioning termination is prematurely based on the average depth of the decoded block corresponding to the current CU, in this case, mapping is calculating the average depth of sub-blocks covered by the decoded block.
[0077] S×S is the size of CTU. Taking the feedback mechanism implemented at CTU level as an example in the below descriptions: 1. Initializing the feature value. And Information reuse can be disabled for the first CTU of each preset region. a. In one example, the preset region is the whole frame. For each frame, the feature value will be reinitialized. b. In one example, the preset region is one CTU row. That is, information reuse is disabled for the first CTU of each CTU row. For each CTU row, the feature value will be reinitialized. 2. Before encoding the current CTU, decisions can be made based on the decoded information to determine whether to utilize the decoded information for acceleration according to a / some criterions. a. In one example, the decoded information can be extracted firstly, followed by the comparison of mapped value over the CTU. i. Alternatively, the decoded information may include QP, non-zero coefficient count, etc. ii. Alternatively, the decoded information mapping can be calculated based on the average of the information over the CTU. iii. Alternatively, the decoded information mapping can be calculated based on the maximum / minimum of the information over the CTU. iv. Alternatively, the decoded information mapping can be calculated based on the median of the information over the CTU. b. In one example, the outcome can be decided based on a single feature (e.g., mapped non-zero coefficient count) . i. Alternatively, multiple features collectively are employed to determine the result (e.g., mapped QP and current QP for the CTU) . ii. A statistical measure is derived as a function of the features. The final result is determined based on the relationship between the statistical measure and a preset threshold. iii. Alternatively, the threshold can be adaptively adjusted according to some frame statistics (e.g., frame type, temporal layer etc. ) . 3. After encoding the CTU, a comprehensive set of statistical features is obtained by conducting an analysis of the encoded information and the decoded information. a. Alternatively, to construct a feature vector, various common image statistical characteristics of each CTU are calculated. These characteristics may include metrics such as the mean value, variance, and mean gradient value of pixels. b. Alternatively, to construct a feature vector, some encoded features of the CTU are calculated. These characteristics may include metrics such as QP, non-zero coefficient count, sum of absolute non-zero coefficient levels, motion vector, CU depth, etc. c. Alternatively, to construct a feature vector, some decoded features of the CTU are calculated. These characteristics may include metrics such as QP, non-zero coefficient count, sum of absolute non-zero coefficient levels, motion vector, CU depth, etc. 4. Calculate the feature value from common image statistical characteristics, decoded information and encoded information. a. In one example, the feature value is computed by only common image statistical characteristics, encoded information, or decoded information. b. In one example, the feature value is computed by a function of common image statistical characteristics, encoded information and decoded information. i. Alternatively, Pearson Correlation Coefficient (PCC) or other correlation coefficient can be used to calculate the feature value. ii. Alternatively, Distance Correlation Measures can be used to calculate the feature value. (i) For example, each feature within the vector is assigned an equal weight. (ii) For example, different features are assigned varying weights. 5. The feature value will be used before encoding the next CTU to determine whether to employ information reuse for accelerating the CTU encoding process. a. Alternatively, the feature value will be updated after encoding each CTU. i. In one example, the feature value is updated according to the CTU feature value. ii. In one example, the feature value is updated according to the CTU feature value and historical value. b. Alternatively, the feature value will not be updated after encoding each CTU but rather reinitialized after each row or frame. 6. The information reuse scheme can be determined to be applied based on a certern criteria. a. Alternatively, it is determined based on the average QP value from decoding area covered by current coding block and the current QP value for encoding. If the difference is smaller than pre-defined threshold, the information reuse scheme will be applied; otherwise, it is disabled.General aspects 1. In above examples, the video unit may refer to the video unit may refer to colour component / sub- picture / slice / tile / coding tree unit (CTU) / CTU row / groups of CTU / coding unit (CU) / prediction unit (PU) / transform unit (TU) / coding tree block (CTB) / coding block (CB) / prediction block (PB) / transform block (TB) / ablock / sub-block of a block / sub-region within a block / any other region that contains more than one sample or pixel, one picture or multiple pictures or a group of pictures (GOP) . 2. Whether to and / or how to apply the disclosed methods above may be signalled at sequence level / group of pictures level / picture level / slice level / tile group level, such as in sequence header / picture header / SPS / VPS / DPS / DCI / PPS / APS / slice header / tile group header. 3. Whether and / or how to apply the above methods may depend on the following information: a. A message signalled in the DPS / SPS / VPS / PPS / APS / picture header / slice header / tile group header / coding tree unit (CTU) / Coding unit (CU) / CTU row / group of CTUs / TU / PU block / Video coding unit. b. Position of CU / PU / TU / block / Video coding unit. c. Block dimension of current block and / or its neighbouring blocks. d. Block shape of current block and / or its neighbouring blocks. e. coded mode of a block, e.g., IBC or non-IBC inter mode or non-IBC subblock mode. f. Indication of the colour format (such as 4: 2: 0, 4: 4: 4) . g. Coding tree structure. h. Slice / tile group type and / or picture type. i. Colour component (e.g., may be only applied on chroma components or luma component) . j. Temporal layer ID. k. Profiles / Levels / Tiers of a standard. 4. A syntax element disclosed above may be binarized as a flag, a fixed length code, an EG (x) code, a unary code, a truncated unary code, a truncated binary code, etc. It can be signed or unsigned. 5. A syntax element disclosed above may be coded with at least one context model. Or it may be bypass coded. 6. A syntax element disclosed above may be signaled in a conditional way. a. The SE is signaled only if the corresponding function is applicable. b. The SE is signaled only if the dimensions (width and / or height) of the block satisfy a condition. 7. A syntax element disclosed above may be signaled at block level / sequence level / group of pictures level / picture level / slice level / tile group level, such as in coding structures of CTU / CU / TU / PU / CTB / CB / TB / PB, or sequence header / picture header / SPS / VPS / DPS / DCI / PPS / APS / slice header / tile group header. 8. The proposed method (s) may be combined with another coding tool such as affine / MTS / LFNST / MMVD / MIP / ISP / CCLM / CCCM / SMVD / BDOF / DMVR / HMVP / Template Matching / IBC / Palette / etc. 9. The proposed method (s) may be excluded with another coding tool such as affine / MTS / LFNST / MMVD / MIP / ISP / CCLM / CCCM / SMVD / BDOF / DMVR / HMVP / Template Matching / IBC / Palette / etc. a. In one example, if the proposed method (s) is used, the excluded coding tool is disabled implicitly without signaling. 10. In one example, if the excluded coding tool is used, the proposed method (s) is disabled implicitly without signaling. 5. Embodiment 5.1. Embodiment #1
[0078] Assuming the decoding information is stored in blocks of 4×4, i.e., M=4, and the CTU size is 64×64. t is a feature value to determine whether encoding the next CTU with information reuse. The fast transcoding with a feedback mechanism is as follows (as depicted in Fig. 6) : 1. If the index of the CTU in the horizontal direction is 0, initializing the value of feature t, i.e., the feature value is refreshed for each CTU row. And the CTU directly is encoded with regular RDO search and go to Step 4. 2. If the feature value t is greater than the preset threshold θ, the CTU is also encoded without information reuse and go to Step 4. 3. Before encoding the current CTU, the following features are computed: 1) The proportion of intra mode in the corresponding decoded block of the current CTU. 2) The maximum and minimum CU sizes in the corresponding decoded block of the current CTU. 3) Whether there is a PU partitioning in the corresponding decoded block of the current CTU. 4) The average QP value QPd in the corresponding decoded block of the current CTU. 5) The average QP value QPc of the current CTU. The range for depth information reuse is determined based on the minimum and maximum CU size of the decoded blocks. The decision to employ intra mode information reuse is influenced by the proportion of intra mode usage. And if there is a PU division, the range of the depth information reuse can be expanded by one more depth. Considering that a significant QP difference between decoded and encoded information may result in a weak correlation and potentially impact the effectiveness of reuse, information reuse is performed only when the following condition is met: |QPc-QPd|<α, where the threshold α is set to 6. Then the current CTU is encoded with the adjusted information. reuse strategy. 4. After the completion of encoding for each Coding Tree Unit (CTU) , the number of non-zero coefficients CHEVC and the absolute sum of non-zero coefficients SHEVC are counted. Simultaneously, the number of non-zero coefficients CVVC and the sum of absolute non-zero coefficients SVVC for the corresponding HEVC block are computed. Then the average absolute value of non-zero coefficients for HEVC is calculated by: To prevent division by zero, 1 is added to the denominator. The average absolute value of non-zero coefficients for VVC is computed in the same way, denoted as AVVC. Subsequently, the ratio is employed as a feature to determine whether encoding the next CTU with information reuse or not. To prevent division by zero, adding 1 to the numerator and denominator is performed during the actual calculation. To prevent the continuous propagation of errors resulting from the current misjudgment, the decision on information reuse is not solely based on the current value, but historical values are also considered to smooth the t value. The updating formula is expressed as: And the updated value of t will be used before encoding the next CTU to determine whether to employ information reuse for accelerating the CTU encoding process.
[0079] This disclosure is related to video coding technologies. Specifically, it is about Affine motion prediction method in video coding. The ideas may be applied individually or in various combination, to any video coding standard or non-standard video codec. For example, it may be applied to the Exploration Video Model (EVM) for AVS4 to be finalized. It may also apply to future video coding standards or video codecs.
[0080] Further embodiments will be described with respect to Fig. 7, which illustrates a flowchart of a method 700 for video processing in accordance with embodiments of the present disclosure. The method 700 is implemented during a conversion between a video unit or a video block of a video and a bitstream of the video.
[0081] At block 710, for a conversion between a current video unit of a video and a bitstream of the video, an indication is determined based on at least one of: reference decoded information, coded information of at least one previous video unit, or common image information associated with the current video unit. The indication indicates whether to use the reference decoded information for the conversion. As used herein, the “indication” may also be referred to as an “information reuse flag” or “information reuse feature” . A value of the indication may be referred to as a “feature value” . By way of example, the value of the indication may be 0 or 1. For example, the value 0 may indicate to not apply the reference decoded inforamtion, while the value 1 may indicate to use the reference decoded inforamtion. It is to be understood that the value of the indication may be any suitable value. In some embodiments, the value of the indication may be in a range from 0 to 1. If the value is greater than a threshold, such as 0.5 or other suitable value, the indication indicates to use the reference decoded information. Otherwise, the reference decoded information may not be used.
[0082] At block 720, the conversion is performed based on the indication. For example, if the indication indicates to use the reference decoded information, the conversion may be performed based on the reference decoded information. In some embodiments, the conversion may include encoding the current video unit into the bitstream. Alternatively, or in addition, in some embodiments, the conversion may include decoding the current video unit from the bitstream.
[0083] The method 700 enables determining whether to use the reference decoded information to accelerate the coding process. The coding performance such as the encoding efficiency can be improved.
[0084] In some embodiments, the reference decoded information comprises decoded information from a first coder, and the conversion comprises a video transcoding process of a second coder. For example, the first coder may be an HEVC coder such as HEVC decoder, and the second coder may be a VVC coder such as VVC encoder, or the like. The decoded information from the first coder may be sent to the second coder to encode the video. That is, the decoded information from the first coder may be used as the reference decoded information for the second coder to accelerate the encoding process. It is to be understood that the first and second coders may be any suitable coder according to any suitable standard. Scope of the present disclosure is not limited here.
[0085] The coded information of the at least one previsou video unit may include the encoded information of the at least one previsous video unit. That is, the encoded information may be used as a feedback for the conversion, such as the feedback 530 in Fig. 5.
[0086] In some embodiments, the current video unit is at one of: a coding tree unit (CTU) level, a frame level, or a group of pictures (GOP) level.
[0087] In some embodiments, the indication is initialized to indicate disabling of using the reference decoded information for a first coding tree unit (CTU) of each preset region.
[0088] In some embodiments, the preset region comprises a frame, and the indication is reinitialized for each frame.
[0089] In some embodiments, the present region comprises a CTU row, and the indication is reinitialized for each CTU row, using the reference decoded information being disabled for a first CTU of each CTU row.
[0090] In some embodiments, the indication is determined based on the reference decoded information based on a criterion, the indication indicating whether to utilize the reference decoded information for acceleration.
[0091] In some embodiments, the reference decoded information is extracted and compared with mapped information over a coding tree unit (CTU) .
[0092] In some embodiments, the reference decoded information comprises at least one of: a quantization parameter, or a non-zero coefficient count.
[0093] In some embodiments, the mapped information is determined based on at least one of: an average of information over the CTU, a maximum of the information over the CTU, a minimum of the information over the CTU, or a median of the information over the CTU.
[0094] In some embodiments, the indication is determined based on a mapped non-zero coefficient count.
[0095] In some embodiments, the indication is determined based on a mapped quantization parameter and a current quantization parameter for the CTU.
[0096] In some embodiments, the indication is determined based on a relationship between a statistical measure of the mapped information and a threshold.
[0097] In some embodiments, the threshold is adaptively adjusted based on frame statistics, the frame statistics comprising at least one of: a frame type, or a temporal layer.
[0098] In some embodiments, the method 700 further comprises: obtaining a set of statistical features by conducting an analysis of encoded information of a coding tree unit (CTU) and the reference decoded information.
[0099] In some embodiments, common image statistical characteristics of each CTU are determined to construct a feature vector, the statistical characteristics comprising at least one of: a mean value of pixels, a variance value of pixels, or a mean gradient value of pixels.
[0100] In some embodiments, encoded features of the CTU are determined to construct a feature vector, the encoded features comprising at least one of: a quantization parameter, a non-zero coefficient count, a sum of absolute non-zero coefficient levels, a motion vector, or a coding unit (CU) depth.
[0101] In some embodiments, decoded features of the CTU are determined to construct a feature vector, the encoded features comprising at least one of: a quantization parameter, a non-zero coefficient count, a sum of absolute non-zero coefficient levels, a motion vector, or a coding unit (CU) depth.
[0102] In some embodiments, the indication is determined based on one of: the common image information, the coded information, or the reference decoded information.
[0103] In some embodiments, the indication is determined based on a function of the common image information, the coded information, and the reference decoded information. By way of example, the indication may be determined based on a Pearson Correlation Coefficient (PCC) or a further correlation coefficient.
[0104] In some embodiments, the indication is determined based on at least one distance correlation measure of at least one feature. In some embodiments, the at least one feature within a vector is assigned an equal weight. Alternatively, in some embodiments, the at least one features comprises a plurality of features assigned a plurality of weights.
[0105] In some embodiments, the common image information comprises common image statistical characteristics, and the coded information comprises encoded information of at least one previous video unit.
[0106] In some embodiments, the method 700 further comprises: using the indication before encoding a next CTU to determine whether to employ the reference decoded information for accelerating an encoding process of the next CTU.
[0107] In some embodiments, the indication is updated after encoding each CTU. For example, the indication may be updated based on at least one of: a value of the indication for a current CTU, or historical value of the indication.
[0108] Alternatively, in some embodiments, the indication is reinitialized after each row or frame without being updated after encoding each CTU.
[0109] In some embodiments, whether to apply the indication to indicate a usage of the reference decoded information is based on a condition. The condition may be based on an average quantization parameter value from decoding an area covered by the current video unit and a current quantization parameter value for encoding. For example, if a difference between the average quantization parameter value and the current quantization parameter value is less than a threshold, the indication is applied. The thershold may be predefined, or configured, or adaptively adjusted during the conversion.
[0110] In some embodiments, the reference decoded information comprises at least one of: a coding unit (CU) depth, a prediction mode, or a motion vector.
[0111] In some embodiments, the current video unit comprises one of: a color component, a sub-picture, a slice, a tile, a coding tree unit (CTU) , a CTU row, groups of CTU, a coding unit (CU) , a prediction unit (PU) , a transform unit (TU) , a coding tree block (CTB) , a coding block (CB) , a prediction block (PB) , a transform block (TB) , a block, a sub-block of a block, a sub-region within a block, a region that contains more than one sample or pixel, one or more pictures, or a group of pictures (GOP) .
[0112] In some embodiments, whether to and / or how to apply the method 700 is indicated by at least one of:a sequence level, a group of pictures level, a picture level, a slice level, a tile group level, a sequence header, a picture header, a sequence parameter set (SPS) , a video parameter set (VPS) , a dependency parameter set (DPS) , decoding capability information (DCI) , a picture parameter set (PPS) , an adaptation parameter sets (APS) , a slice header, or a tile group header.
[0113] In some embodiments, whether to and / or how to apply the method 700 is based on at least one of: an indicated message in a video region, a position of one of: a coding unit, a prediction unit, a transform unit or a video coding unit, a block dimension of a current video block, a block dimension of a neighboring block, a block shape of the current video block, a block shape of the neighboring block, a coded mode of a block, an indication of a color format, a coding tree structure, a slice type, a tile group type, a picture type, a color component, a temporal layer identifier, or a profile or level or tier of a standard.
[0114] In some embodiments, the video region comprises one of: a dependency parameter set (DPS) , a sequence parameter set (SPS) , a video parameter set (VPS) , a picture parameter set (PPS) , an adaptation parameter sets (APS) , a picture header, a slice header, a tile group header, a coding tree unit (CTU) , a coding unit (CU) , a CTU row, a group of CTUs, a transform unit (TU) , a prediction unit (PU) block, or a video coding unit.
[0115] In some embodiments, the coded mode comprises at least one of: an intra block copy (IBC) mode, a non-IBC inter mode, or a non-IBC subblock mode.
[0116] In some embodiments, a syntax element is binarized as one of: a flag, a fixed length code, an Exponential Golomb (EG) (x) code, a unary code, a truncated unary code, a truncated binary code, and the syntax element is signed or unsigned.
[0117] In some embodiments, a syntax element is coded with at least one context model or bypass coded.
[0118] In some embodiments, a syntax element is included in the bitstream based on at least one condition, the at least one condition comprising at least one of: a condition that a function is applicable, or a condition of a dimension of a block.
[0119] In some embodiments, a syntax element is indicated by at least one of: a block level, a sequence level, a group of pictures level, a picture level, a slice level, a tile group level, a coding tree unit (CTU) , a coding unit (CU) , a transform unit (TU) , a prediction unit (PU) block, a coding tree block (CTB) a coding block (CB) a transform block (TB) , a prediction block (PB) , a sequence header, a picture header, a sequence parameter set (SPS) , a video parameter set (VPS) , a dependency parameter set (DPS) , decoding capability information (DCI) , a picture parameter set (PPS) , an adaptation parameter sets (APS) , a slice header, or a tile group header.
[0120] In some embodiments, the method 700 may be combined with a further coding tool. The further coding tool may include at least one of: an affine coding tool, a multi-transform selection (MTS) , a low frequency non-separable transform (LFNST) , a merge mode with motion vector difference (MMVD) , an intra sub-partition (ISP) , a cross-component linear model (CCLM) , a cross-component chroma mapping (CCCM) , a sub-motion vector difference (SMVD) , a bilateral decoding of optical flow (BDOF) , a Decoder-side Motion Vector Refinement (DMVR) , a history-based motion vector prediction (HMVP) , a template matching, an intra block copy (IBC) , or a palette mode.
[0121] Alternatively, in some embodiments, the method 700 may be excluded from a further coding tool. For example, the further coding tool may include at least one of: an affine coding tool, MTS, LFNST, MMVD, ISP, CCLM, CCCM, SMVD, BDOF, DMVR, HMVP, template matching, IBC, or palette mode. For example, if the method 700 is used, and the further coding tool may be disabled without being indicated. For another example, if the further coding tool is used, and the method 700 may be disabled without being indicated.
[0122] According to further embodiments of the present disclosure, a non-transitory computer-readable recording medium is provided. The non-transitory computer-readable recording medium stores a bitstream of a video which is generated by a method performed by an apparatus for video processing. In the method, an indication is determined based on at least one of: reference decoded information, coded information of at least one previous video unit, or common image information associated with a current video unit of the video. The indication indicates whether to use the reference decoded information for coding the current video unit. The bitstream is generated based on the indication.
[0123] According to still further embodiments of the present disclosure, a method for storing bitstream of a video is provided. In the method, an indication is determined based on at least one of: reference decoded information, coded information of at least one previous video unit, or common image information associated with a current video unit of the video. The indication indicates whether to use the reference decoded information for coding the current video unit. The bitstream is generated based on the indication. The bitstream is stored in a non-transitory computer-readable recording medium.
[0124] Implementations of the present disclosure can be described in view of the following clauses, the features of which can be combined in any reasonable manner.
[0125] Clause 1. A method for video processing, comprising: determining, for a conversion between a current video unit of a video and a bitstream of the video, an indication based on at least one of: reference decoded information, coded information of at least one previous video unit, or common image information associated with the current video unit, the indication indicating whether to use the reference decoded information for the conversion; and performing the conversion based on the indication.
[0126] Clause 2. The method of clause 1, wherein the reference decoded information comprises decoded information from a first coder, and the conversion comprises a video transcoding process of a second coder.
[0127] Clause 3. The method of clause 1 or 2, wherein the current video unit is at one of: a coding tree unit (CTU) level, a frame level, or a group of pictures (GOP) level.
[0128] Clause 4. The method of any of clauses 1-3, wherein the indication is initialized to indicate disabling of using the reference decoded information for a first coding tree unit (CTU) of each preset region.
[0129] Clause 5. The method of clause 4, wherein the preset region comprises a frame, and the indication is reinitialized for each frame.
[0130] Clause 6. The method of clause 4, wherein the present region comprises a CTU row, and the indication is reinitialized for each CTU row, using the reference decoded information being disabled for a first CTU of each CTU row.
[0131] Clause 7. The method of any of clauses 1-6, wherein the indication is determined based on the reference decoded information based on a criterion, the indication indicating whether to utilize the reference decoded information for acceleration.
[0132] Clause 8. The method of clause 7, wherein the reference decoded information is extracted and compared with mapped information over a coding tree unit (CTU) .
[0133] Clause 9. The method of clause 8, wherein the reference decoded information comprises at least one of: a quantization parameter, or a non-zero coefficient count.
[0134] Clause 10. The method of clause 8 or 9, wherein the mapped information is determined based on at least one of: an average of information over the CTU, a maximum of the information over the CTU, a minimum of the information over the CTU, or a median of the information over the CTU.
[0135] Clause 11. The method of clause 8, wherein the indication is determined based on a mapped non-zero coefficient count.
[0136] Clause 12. The method of clause 8, wherein the indication is determined based on a mapped quantization parameter and a current quantization parameter for the CTU.
[0137] Clause 13. The method of clause 8, wherein the indication is determined based on a relationship between a statistical measure of the mapped information and a threshold.
[0138] Clause 14. The method of clause 13, wherein the threshold is adaptively adjusted based on frame statistics, the frame statistics comprising at least one of: a frame type, or a temporal layer.
[0139] Clause 15. The method of any of clauses 1-6, further comprising: obtaining a set of statistical features by conducting an analysis of encoded information of a coding tree unit (CTU) and the reference decoded information.
[0140] Clause 16. The method of clause 15, wherein common image statistical characteristics of each CTU are determined to construct a feature vector, the statistical characteristics comprising at least one of: a mean value of pixels, a variance value of pixels, or a mean gradient value of pixels.
[0141] Clause 17. The method of clause 15, wherein encoded features of the CTU are determined to construct a feature vector, the encoded features comprising at least one of: a quantization parameter, a non-zero coefficient count, a sum of absolute non-zero coefficient levels, a motion vector, or a coding unit (CU) depth.
[0142] Clause 18. The method of clause 15, wherein decoded features of the CTU are determined to construct a feature vector, the encoded features comprising at least one of: a quantization parameter, a non-zero coefficient count, a sum of absolute non-zero coefficient levels, a motion vector, or a coding unit (CU) depth.
[0143] Clause 19. The method of any of clauses 1-6, wherein the indication is determined based on one of:the common image information, the coded information, or the reference decoded information.
[0144] Clause 20. The method of any of clauses 1-6, wherein the indication is determined based on a function of the common image information, the coded information, and the reference decoded information.
[0145] Clause 21. The method of clause 20, wherein the indication is determined based on a Pearson Correlation Coefficient (PCC) or a further correlation coefficient.
[0146] Clause 22. The method of clause 20, wherein the indication is determined based on at least one distance correlation measure of at least one feature.
[0147] Clause 23. The method of clause 22, wherein the at least one feature within a vector is assigned an equal weight.
[0148] Clause 24. The method of clause 22, wherein the at least one features comprises a plurality of features assigned a plurality of weights.
[0149] Clause 25. The method of any of clauses 19-24, wherein the common image information comprises common image statistical characteristics, and the coded information comprises encoded information of at least one previous video unit.
[0150] Clause 26. The method of any of clauses 1-25, further comprising: using the indication before encoding a next coding tree unit (CTU) to determine whether to employ the reference decoded information for accelerating an encoding process of the next CTU.
[0151] Clause 27. The method of clause 26, wherein the indication is updated after encoding each CTU.
[0152] Clause 28. The method of clause 26, wherein the indication is updated based on at least one of: a value of the indication for a current CTU, or historical value of the indication.
[0153] Clause 29. The method of clause 26, wherein the indication is reinitialized after each row or frame without being updated after encoding each CTU.
[0154] Clause 30. The method of any of clauses 1-29, wherein whether to apply the indication to indicate a usage of the reference decoded information is based on a condition.
[0155] Clause 31. The method of clause 30, wherein the condition is based on an average quantization parameter value from decoding an area covered by the current video unit and a current quantization parameter value for encoding.
[0156] Clause 32. The method of clause 31, wherein if a difference between the average quantization parameter value and the current quantization parameter value is less than a threshold, the indication is applied.
[0157] Clause 33. The method of any of clauses 1-32, wherein the reference decoded information comprises at least one of: a coding unit (CU) depth, a prediction mode, or a motion vector.
[0158] Clause 34. The method of any of clauses 1-33, wherein the current video unit comprises one of: a color component, a sub-picture, a slice, a tile, a coding tree unit (CTU) , a CTU row, groups of CTU, a coding unit (CU) , a prediction unit (PU) , a transform unit (TU) , a coding tree block (CTB) , a coding block (CB) , a prediction block (PB) , a transform block (TB) , a block, a sub-block of a block, a sub-region within a block, a region that contains more than one sample or pixel, one or more pictures, or a group of pictures (GOP) .
[0159] Clause 35. The method of any of clauses 1-34, wherein whether to and / or how to apply the method is indicated by at least one of: a sequence level, a group of pictures level, a picture level, a slice level, a tile group level, a sequence header, a picture header, a sequence parameter set (SPS) , a video parameter set (VPS) , a dependency parameter set (DPS) , decoding capability information (DCI) , a picture parameter set (PPS) , an adaptation parameter sets (APS) , a slice header, or a tile group header.
[0160] Clause 36. The method of any of clauses 1-35, wherein whether to and / or how to apply the method is based on at least one of: an indicated message in a video region, a position of one of: a coding unit, a prediction unit, a transform unit or a video coding unit, a block dimension of a current video block, a block dimension of a neighboring block, a block shape of the current video block, a block shape of the neighboring block, a coded mode of a block, an indication of a color format, a coding tree structure, a slice type, a tile group type, a picture type, a color component, a temporal layer identifier, or a profile or level or tier of a standard.
[0161] Clause 37. The method of clause 36, wherein the video region comprises one of: a dependency parameter set (DPS) , a sequence parameter set (SPS) , a video parameter set (VPS) , a picture parameter set (PPS) , an adaptation parameter sets (APS) , a picture header, a slice header, a tile group header, a coding tree unit (CTU) , a coding unit (CU) , a CTU row, a group of CTUs, a transform unit (TU) , a prediction unit (PU) block, or a video coding unit.
[0162] Clause 38. The method of clause 36, wherein the coded mode comprises at least one of: an intra block copy (IBC) mode, a non-IBC inter mode, or a non-IBC subblock mode.
[0163] Clause 39. The method of any of clauses 1-38, wherein a syntax element is binarized as one of: a flag, a fixed length code, an Exponential Golomb (EG) (x) code, a unary code, a truncated unary code, a truncated binary code, and the syntax element is signed or unsigned.
[0164] Clause 40. The method of any of clauses 1-38, wherein a syntax element is coded with at least one context model or bypass coded.
[0165] Clause 41. The method of any of clauses 1-40, wherein a syntax element is included in the bitstream based on at least one condition, the at least one condition comprising at least one of: a condition that a function is applicable, or a condition of a dimension of a block.
[0166] Clause 42. The method of any of clauses 1-41, wherein a syntax element is indicated by at least one of: a block level, a sequence level, a group of pictures level, a picture level, a slice level, a tile group level, a coding tree unit (CTU) , a coding unit (CU) , a transform unit (TU) , a prediction unit (PU) block, a coding tree block (CTB) a coding block (CB) a transform block (TB) , a prediction block (PB) , a sequence header, a picture header, a sequence parameter set (SPS) , a video parameter set (VPS) , a dependency parameter set (DPS) , decoding capability information (DCI) , a picture parameter set (PPS) , an adaptation parameter sets (APS) , a slice header, or a tile group header.
[0167] Clause 43. The method of any of clauses 1-42, wherein the method is combined with a further coding tool, the further coding tool comprising at least one of: an affine coding tool, a multi-transform selection (MTS) , a low frequency non-separable transform (LFNST) , a merge mode with motion vector difference (MMVD) , an intra sub-partition (ISP) , a cross-component linear model (CCLM) , a cross-component chroma mapping (CCCM) , a sub-motion vector difference (SMVD) , a bilateral decoding of optical flow (BDOF) , a Decoder-side Motion Vector Refinement (DMVR) , a history-based motion vector prediction (HMVP) , a template matching, an intra block copy (IBC) , or a palette mode.
[0168] Clause 44. The method of any of clauses 1-42, wherein the method is excluded from a further coding tool, the further coding tool comprising at least one of: an affine coding tool, a multi-transform selection (MTS) , a low frequency non-separable transform (LFNST) , a merge mode with motion vector difference (MMVD) , an intra sub-partition (ISP) , a cross-component linear model (CCLM) , a cross-component chroma mapping (CCCM) , a sub-motion vector difference (SMVD) , a bilateral decoding of optical flow (BDOF) , a Decoder-side Motion Vector Refinement (DMVR) , a history-based motion vector prediction (HMVP) , a template matching, an intra block copy (IBC) , or a palette mode.
[0169] Clause 45. The method of clause 44, wherein the method is used, and the further coding tool is disabled without being indicated.
[0170] Clause 46. The method of clause 44, wherein the further coding tool is used, and the method is disabled without being indicated.
[0171] Clause 47. The method of any of clauses 1-46, wherein the conversion comprises encoding the current video unit into the bitstream.
[0172] Clause 48. The method of any of clauses 1-46, wherein the conversion comprises decoding the current video unit from the bitstream.
[0173] Clause 49. An apparatus for video processing comprising a processor and a non-transitory memory with instructions thereon, wherein the instructions upon execution by the processor, cause the processor to perform a method in accordance with any of clauses 1-48.
[0174] Clause 50. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing instructions that cause a processor to perform a method in accordance with any of clauses 1-48.
[0175] Clause 51. A non-transitory computer-readable recording medium storing a bitstream of a video which is generated by a method performed by an apparatus for video processing, wherein the method comprises: determining an indication based on at least one of: reference decoded information, coded information of at least one previous video unit, or common image information associated with a current video unit of the video, the indication indicating whether to use the reference decoded information for coding the current video unit; and generating the bitstream based on the indication.
[0176] Clause 52. A method for storing a bitstream of a video, comprising: determining an indication based on at least one of: reference decoded information, coded information of at least one previous video unit, or common image information associated with a current video unit of the video, the indication indicating whether to use the reference decoded information for coding the current video unit; generating the bitstream based on the indication; and storing the bitstream in a non-transitory computer-readable recording medium. Example Device
[0177] Fig. 8 illustrates a block diagram of a computing device 800 in which various embodiments of the present disclosure can be implemented. The computing device 800 may be implemented as or included in the source device 110 (or the video encoder 114 or 200) or the destination device 120 (or the video decoder 124 or 300) .
[0178] It would be appreciated that the computing device 800 shown in Fig. 8 is merely for purpose of illustration, without suggesting any limitation to the functions and scopes of the embodiments of the present disclosure in any manner.
[0179] As shown in Fig. 8, the computing device 800 includes a general-purpose computing device 800. The computing device 800 may at least comprise one or more processors or processing units 810, a memory 820, a storage unit 830, one or more communication units 840, one or more input devices 850, and one or more output devices 860.
[0180] In some embodiments, the computing device 800 may be implemented as any user terminal or server terminal having the computing capability. The server terminal may be a server, a large-scale computing device or the like that is provided by a service provider. The user terminal may for example be any type of mobile terminal, fixed terminal, or portable terminal, including a mobile phone, station, unit, device, multimedia computer, multimedia tablet, Internet node, communicator, desktop computer, laptop computer, notebook computer, netbook computer, tablet computer, personal communication system (PCS) device, personal navigation device, personal digital assistant (PDA) , audio / video player, digital camera / video camera, positioning device, television receiver, radio broadcast receiver, E-book device, gaming device, or any combination thereof, including the accessories and peripherals of these devices, or any combination thereof. It would be contemplated that the computing device 800 can support any type of interface to a user (such as “wearable” circuitry and the like) .
[0181] The processing unit 810 may be a physical or virtual processor and can implement various processes based on programs stored in the memory 820. In a multi-processor system, multiple processing units execute computer executable instructions in parallel so as to improve the parallel processing capability of the computing device 800. The processing unit 810 may also be referred to as a central processing unit (CPU) , a microprocessor, a controller or a microcontroller.
[0182] The computing device 800 typically includes various computer storage medium. Such medium can be any medium accessible by the computing device 800, including, but not limited to, volatile and non-volatile medium, or detachable and non-detachable medium. The memory 820 can be a volatile memory (for example, a register, cache, Random Access Memory (RAM) ) , a non-volatile memory (such as a Read-Only Memory (ROM) , Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory (EEPROM) , or a flash memory) , or any combination thereof. The storage unit 830 may be any detachable or non-detachable medium and may include a machine-readable medium such as a memory, flash memory drive, magnetic disk or another other media, which can be used for storing information and / or data and can be accessed in the computing device 800.
[0183] The computing device 800 may further include additional detachable / non-detachable, volatile / non-volatile memory medium. Although not shown in Fig. 8, it is possible to provide a magnetic disk drive for reading from and / or writing into a detachable and non-volatile magnetic disk and an optical disk drive for reading from and / or writing into a detachable non-volatile optical disk. In such cases, each drive may be connected to a bus (not shown) via one or more data medium interfaces.
[0184] The communication unit 840 communicates with a further computing device via the communication medium. In addition, the functions of the components in the computing device 800 can be implemented by a single computing cluster or multiple computing machines that can communicate via communication connections. Therefore, the computing device 800 can operate in a networked environment using a logical connection with one or more other servers, networked personal computers (PCs) or further general network nodes.
[0185] The input device 850 may be one or more of a variety of input devices, such as a mouse, keyboard, tracking ball, voice-input device, and the like. The output device 860 may be one or more of a variety of output devices, such as a display, loudspeaker, printer, and the like. By means of the communication unit 840, the computing device 800 can further communicate with one or more external devices (not shown) such as the storage devices and display device, with one or more devices enabling the user to interact with the computing device 800, or any devices (such as a network card, a modem and the like) enabling the computing device 800 to communicate with one or more other computing devices, if required. Such communication can be performed via input / output (I / O) interfaces (not shown) .
[0186] In some embodiments, instead of being integrated in a single device, some or all components of the computing device 800 may also be arranged in cloud computing architecture. In the cloud computing architecture, the components may be provided remotely and work together to implement the functionalities described in the present disclosure. In some embodiments, cloud computing provides computing, software, data access and storage service, which will not require end users to be aware of the physical locations or configurations of the systems or hardware providing these services. In various embodiments, the cloud computing provides the services via a wide area network (such as Internet) using suitable protocols. For example, a cloud computing provider provides applications over the wide area network, which can be accessed through a web browser or any other computing components. The software or components of the cloud computing architecture and corresponding data may be stored on a server at a remote position. The computing resources in the cloud computing environment may be merged or distributed at locations in a remote data center. Cloud computing infrastructures may provide the services through a shared data center, though they behave as a single access point for the users. Therefore, the cloud computing architectures may be used to provide the components and functionalities described herein from a service provider at a remote location. Alternatively, they may be provided from a conventional server or installed directly or otherwise on a client device.
[0187] The computing device 800 may be used to implement video encoding / decoding in embodiments of the present disclosure. The memory 820 may include one or more video coding modules 825 having one or more program instructions. These modules are accessible and executable by the processing unit 810 to perform the functionalities of the various embodiments described herein.
[0188] In the example embodiments of performing video encoding, the input device 850 may receive video data as an input 870 to be encoded. The video data may be processed, for example, by the video coding module 825, to generate an encoded bitstream. The encoded bitstream may be provided via the output device 860 as an output 880.
[0189] In the example embodiments of performing video decoding, the input device 850 may receive an encoded bitstream as the input 870. The encoded bitstream may be processed, for example, by the video coding module 825, to generate decoded video data. The decoded video data may be provided via the output device 860 as the output 880.
[0190] While this disclosure has been particularly shown and described with references to preferred embodiments thereof, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application as defined by the appended claims. Such variations are intended to be covered by the scope of this present application. As such, the foregoing description of embodiments of the present application is not intended to be limiting.
Claims
1.A method for video processing, comprising:determining, for a conversion between a current video unit of a video and a bitstream of the video, an indication based on at least one of: reference decoded information, coded information of at least one previous video unit, or common image information associated with the current video unit, the indication indicating whether to use the reference decoded information for the conversion; andperforming the conversion based on the indication.2.The method of claim 1, wherein the reference decoded information comprises decoded information from a first coder, and the conversion comprises a video transcoding process of a second coder.3.The method of claim 1 or 2, wherein the current video unit is at one of: a coding tree unit (CTU) level, a frame level, or a group of pictures (GOP) level.4.The method of any of claims 1-3, wherein the indication is initialized to indicate disabling of using the reference decoded information for a first coding tree unit (CTU) of each preset region.5.The method of claim 4, wherein the preset region comprises a frame, and the indication is reinitialized for each frame.6.The method of claim 4, wherein the present region comprises a CTU row, and the indication is reinitialized for each CTU row, using the reference decoded information being disabled for a first CTU of each CTU row.7.The method of any of claims 1-6, wherein the indication is determined based on the reference decoded information based on a criterion, the indication indicating whether to utilize the reference decoded information for acceleration.8.The method of claim 7, wherein the reference decoded information is extracted and compared with mapped information over a coding tree unit (CTU) .9.The method of claim 8, wherein the reference decoded information comprises at least one of: a quantization parameter, or a non-zero coefficient count.10.The method of claim 8 or 9, wherein the mapped information is determined based on at least one of: an average of information over the CTU, a maximum of the information over the CTU, a minimum of the information over the CTU, or a median of the information over the CTU.11.The method of claim 8, wherein the indication is determined based on a mapped non-zero coefficient count.12.The method of claim 8, wherein the indication is determined based on a mapped quantization parameter and a current quantization parameter for the CTU.13.The method of claim 8, wherein the indication is determined based on a relationship between a statistical measure of the mapped information and a threshold.14.The method of claim 13, wherein the threshold is adaptively adjusted based on frame statistics, the frame statistics comprising at least one of: a frame type, or a temporal layer.15.The method of any of claims 1-6, further comprising:obtaining a set of statistical features by conducting an analysis of encoded information of a coding tree unit (CTU) and the reference decoded information.16.The method of claim 15, wherein common image statistical characteristics of each CTU are determined to construct a feature vector, the statistical characteristics comprising at least one of: a mean value of pixels, a variance value of pixels, or a mean gradient value of pixels.17.The method of claim 15, wherein encoded features of the CTU are determined to construct a feature vector, the encoded features comprising at least one of: a quantization parameter, a non-zero coefficient count, a sum of absolute non-zero coefficient levels, a motion vector, or a coding unit (CU) depth.18.The method of claim 15, wherein decoded features of the CTU are determined to construct a feature vector, the encoded features comprising at least one of: a quantization parameter, a non-zero coefficient count, a sum of absolute non-zero coefficient levels, a motion vector, or a coding unit (CU) depth.19.The method of any of claims 1-6, wherein the indication is determined based on one of: the common image information, the coded information, or the reference decoded information.20.The method of any of claims 1-6, wherein the indication is determined based on a function of the common image information, the coded information, and the reference decoded information.21.The method of claim 20, wherein the indication is determined based on a Pearson Correlation Coefficient (PCC) or a further correlation coefficient.22.The method of claim 20, wherein the indication is determined based on at least one distance correlation measure of at least one feature.23.The method of claim 22, wherein the at least one feature within a vector is assigned an equal weight.24.The method of claim 22, wherein the at least one features comprises a plurality of features assigned a plurality of weights.25.The method of any of claims 19-24, wherein the common image information comprises common image statistical characteristics, and the coded information comprises encoded information of at least one previous video unit.26.The method of any of claims 1-25, further comprising:using the indication before encoding a next coding tree unit (CTU) to determine whether to employ the reference decoded information for accelerating an encoding process of the next CTU.27.The method of claim 26, wherein the indication is updated after encoding each CTU.28.The method of claim 26, wherein the indication is updated based on at least one of: a value of the indication for a current CTU, or historical value of the indication.29.The method of claim 26, wherein the indication is reinitialized after each row or frame without being updated after encoding each CTU.30.The method of any of claims 1-29, wherein whether to apply the indication to indicate a usage of the reference decoded information is based on a condition.31.The method of claim 30, wherein the condition is based on an average quantization parameter value from decoding an area covered by the current video unit and a current quantization parameter value for encoding.32.The method of claim 31, wherein if a difference between the average quantization parameter value and the current quantization parameter value is less than a threshold, the indication is applied.33.The method of any of claims 1-32, wherein the reference decoded information comprises at least one of: a coding unit (CU) depth, a prediction mode, or a motion vector.34.The method of any of claims 1-33, wherein the current video unit comprises one of: a color component, a sub-picture, a slice, a tile, a coding tree unit (CTU) , a CTU row, groups of CTU, a coding unit (CU) , a prediction unit (PU) , a transform unit (TU) , a coding tree block (CTB) , a coding block (CB) , a prediction block (PB) , a transform block (TB) , a block, a sub-block of a block, a sub-region within a block, a region that contains more than one sample or pixel, one or more pictures, or a group of pictures (GOP) .35.The method of any of claims 1-34, wherein whether to and / or how to apply the method is indicated by at least one of: a sequence level, a group of pictures level, a picture level, a slice level, a tile group level, a sequence header, a picture header, a sequence parameter set (SPS) , a video parameter set (VPS) , a dependency parameter set (DPS) , decoding capability information (DCI) , a picture parameter set (PPS) , an adaptation parameter sets (APS) , a slice header, or a tile group header.36.The method of any of claims 1-35, wherein whether to and / or how to apply the method is based on at least one of: an indicated message in a video region, a position of one of: a coding unit, a prediction unit, a transform unit or a video coding unit, a block dimension of a current video block, a block dimension of a neighboring block, a block shape of the current video block, a block shape of the neighboring block, a coded mode of a block, an indication of a color format, a coding tree structure, a slice type, a tile group type, a picture type, a color component, a temporal layer identifier, or a profile or level or tier of a standard.37.The method of claim 36, wherein the video region comprises one of: a dependency parameter set (DPS) , a sequence parameter set (SPS) , a video parameter set (VPS) , a picture parameter set (PPS) , an adaptation parameter sets (APS) , a picture header, a slice header, a tile group header, a coding tree unit (CTU) , a coding unit (CU) , a CTU row, a group of CTUs, a transform unit (TU) , a prediction unit (PU) block, or a video coding unit.38.The method of claim 36, wherein the coded mode comprises at least one of: an intra block copy (IBC) mode, a non-IBC inter mode, or a non-IBC subblock mode.39.The method of any of claims 1-38, wherein a syntax element is binarized as one of: a flag, a fixed length code, an Exponential Golomb (EG) (x) code, a unary code, a truncated unary code, a truncated binary code, and the syntax element is signed or unsigned.40.The method of any of claims 1-38, wherein a syntax element is coded with at least one context model or bypass coded.41.The method of any of claims 1-40, wherein a syntax element is included in the bitstream based on at least one condition, the at least one condition comprising at least one of: a condition that a function is applicable, or a condition of a dimension of a block.42.The method of any of claims 1-41, wherein a syntax element is indicated by at least one of: a block level, a sequence level, a group of pictures level, a picture level, a slice level, a tile group level, a coding tree unit (CTU) , a coding unit (CU) , a transform unit (TU) , a prediction unit (PU) block, a coding tree block (CTB) a coding block (CB) a transform block (TB) , a prediction block (PB) , a sequence header, a picture header, a sequence parameter set (SPS) , a video parameter set (VPS) , a dependency parameter set (DPS) , decoding capability information (DCI) , a picture parameter set (PPS) , an adaptation parameter sets (APS) , a slice header, or a tile group header.43.The method of any of claims 1-42, wherein the method is combined with a further coding tool, the further coding tool comprising at least one of: an affine coding tool, a multi-transform selection (MTS) , a low frequency non-separable transform (LFNST) , a merge mode with motion vector difference (MMVD) , an intra sub-partition (ISP) , a cross-component linear model (CCLM) , a cross-component chroma mapping (CCCM) , a sub-motion vector difference (SMVD) , a bilateral decoding of optical flow (BDOF) , a Decoder-side Motion Vector Refinement (DMVR) , a history-based motion vector prediction (HMVP) , a template matching, an intra block copy (IBC) , or a palette mode.44.The method of any of claims 1-42, wherein the method is excluded from a further coding tool, the further coding tool comprising at least one of: an affine coding tool, a multi-transform selection (MTS) , a low frequency non-separable transform (LFNST) , a merge mode with motion vector difference (MMVD) , an intra sub-partition (ISP) , a cross-component linear model (CCLM) , a cross-component chroma mapping (CCCM) , a sub-motion vector difference (SMVD) , a bilateral decoding of optical flow (BDOF) , a Decoder-side Motion Vector Refinement (DMVR) , a history-based motion vector prediction (HMVP) , a template matching, an intra block copy (IBC) , or a palette mode.45.The method of claim 44, wherein the method is used, and the further coding tool is disabled without being indicated.46.The method of claim 44, wherein the further coding tool is used, and the method is disabled without being indicated.47.The method of any of claims 1-46, wherein the conversion comprises encoding the current video unit into the bitstream.48.The method of any of claims 1-46, wherein the conversion comprises decoding the current video unit from the bitstream.49.An apparatus for video processing comprising a processor and a non-transitory memory with instructions thereon, wherein the instructions upon execution by the processor, cause the processor to perform a method in accordance with any of claims 1-48.50.A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing instructions that cause a processor to perform a method in accordance with any of claims 1-48.51.A non-transitory computer-readable recording medium storing a bitstream of a video which is generated by a method performed by an apparatus for video processing, wherein the method comprises:determining an indication based on at least one of: reference decoded information, coded information of at least one previous video unit, or common image information associated with a current video unit of the video, the indication indicating whether to use the reference decoded information for coding the current video unit; andgenerating the bitstream based on the indication.52.A method for storing a bitstream of a video, comprising:determining an indication based on at least one of: reference decoded information, coded information of at least one previous video unit, or common image information associated with a current video unit of the video, the indication indicating whether to use the reference decoded information for coding the current video unit;generating the bitstream based on the indication; andstoring the bitstream in a non-transitory computer-readable recording medium.
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