Cyclic prefix (CP) for orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbols

Abstract

Various aspects of the present disclosure relate to cyclic prefix (CP) for Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) symbols. An apparatus, such as a user equipment (UE), one or more of receives or transmits a set of one or more OFDM symbols, each OFDM symbol of the set of one or more OFDM symbols including a corresponding CP. A length of the corresponding CP is based at least in part on at least a first subcarrier spacing configuration, and the set of one or more OFDM symbols is based at least in part on a second subcarrier spacing configuration different than the first subcarrier spacing configuration.

Description

Lenovo Docket No. SMM920230222-WO-PCT 1 CYCLIC PREFIX (CP) FOR ORTHOGONAL FREQUENCY DIVISION MULTIPLEXING (OFDM) SYMBOLS RELATED APPLICATION

[0001] This application claims priority to U.S. Provisional Application Serial No. 63 / 627,778 filed 31 January 2024 entitled “CYCLIC PREFIX (CP) FOR ORTHOGONAL FREQUENCY DIVISION MULTIPLEXING (OFDM) SYMBOLS,” the disclosure of which is incorporated by reference herein in its entirety. TECHNICAL FIELD

[0002] The present disclosure relates to wireless communications, and more specifically to signal interference management in wireless communications. BACKGROUND

[0003] A wireless communications system may include one or multiple network communication devices, which may be otherwise known as network equipment (NE), supporting wireless communications for one or multiple user communication devices, which may be otherwise known as user equipment (UE), or other suitable terminology. The wireless communications system may support wireless communications with one or multiple user communication devices by utilizing resources of the wireless communication system (e.g., time resources (e.g., symbols, slots, subframes, frames, or the like) or frequency resources (e.g., subcarriers, carriers, or the like). Additionally, the wireless communications system may support wireless communications across various radio access technologies including third generation (3G) radio access technology, fourth generation (4G) radio access technology, fifth generation (5G) radio access technology, among other suitable radio access technologies beyond 5G (e.g., sixth generation (6G)). SUMMARY

[0004] An article “a” before an element is unrestricted and understood to refer to “at least one” of those elements or “one or more” of those elements. The terms “a,” “at least one,” “one or more,” and “at least one of one or more” may be interchangeable. As used herein, including in the claims, “or” as used in a list of items (e.g., a list of items prefaced by a phrase such as “at least one of” or Attorney Docket No. SMM920230222-WO-PCTLenovo Docket No. SMM920230222-WO-PCT 2 “one or more of” or “one or both of”) indicates inclusive list such that, for example, a list of at least one of A, B, or C means A or B or C or AB or AC or BC or ABC (i.e., A and B and C). Also, as used herein, the phrase “based on” shall not be construed as a reference to a closed set of conditions. For example, an example step that is described as “based on condition A” may be based on both a condition A and a condition B without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. In other words, as used herein, the phrase “based on” shall be construed in the same manner as the phrase “based at least in part on”. Further, as used herein, including in the claims, a “set” may include one or more elements.

[0005] A UE for wireless communication is described. The UE may be configured to, capable of, or operable to perform one or more operations as described herein. For example, the UE may be configured to, capable of, or operable to one or more of receive or transmit a set of one or more Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) symbols, each OFDM symbol of the set of one or more OFDM symbols including a corresponding cyclic prefix (CP), wherein a length of the corresponding CP is based at least in part on at least a first subcarrier spacing configuration, and wherein the set of one or more OFDM symbols is based at least in part on a second subcarrier spacing configuration different than the first subcarrier spacing configuration.

[0006] A processor for wireless communication is described. The processor may be configured to, capable of, or operable to perform one or more operations as described herein. For example, the processor may be configured to, capable of, or operable to one or more of receive or transmit a set of one or more OFDM symbols, each OFDM symbol of the set of one or more OFDM symbols including a corresponding CP, wherein a length of the corresponding CP is based at least in part on at least a first subcarrier spacing configuration, and wherein the set of one or more OFDM symbols is based at least in part on a second subcarrier spacing configuration different than the first subcarrier spacing configuration.

[0007] A method performed or performable by a UE for wireless communication is described. The method may include one or more of receiving or transmitting a set of one or more OFDM symbols, each OFDM symbol of the set of one or more OFDM symbols including a corresponding CP, wherein a length of the corresponding CP is based at least in part on at least a first subcarrier spacing configuration, and wherein the set of one or more OFDM symbols is based at least in part Attorney Docket No. SMM920230222-WO-PCTLenovo Docket No. SMM920230222-WO-PCT 3 on a second subcarrier spacing configuration than the first subcarrier spacing configuration.

[0008] In some implementations of the UE, the processor, and the method described herein, the UE is configured with the second subcarrier spacing configuration, and the UE, the processor, and the method may further be configured to, capable of, operable to, performed to, or performable to base a subcarrier spacing of the one or more OFDM symbols including a CP on the second subcarrier spacing configuration.

[0009] In some implementations of the UE, the processor, and the method described herein, the UE is configured with the second subcarrier spacing configuration, and the UE, the processor, and the method may further be configured to, capable of, operable to, performed to, or performable to determine a number of symbols per slot of the one or more OFDM symbols based at least in part on the first subcarrier spacing configuration and the second subcarrier spacing configuration.

[0010] In some implementations of the UE, the processor, and the method described herein, the UE, the processor, and the method may further be configured to, capable of, operable to, performed to, or performable to receive, from a NE, the first subcarrier spacing configuration.

[0011] In some implementations of the UE, the processor, and the method described herein, the first subcarrier spacing configuration is based at least in part on a reference numerology.

[0012] In some implementations of the UE, the processor, and the method described herein, the reference numerology includes one or more of an indication of subcarrier spacing or a subcarrier spacing configuration parameter.

[0013] In some implementations of the UE, the processor, and the method described herein, a configuration identifies one or more of a first set of slots or a first set of subframes for which the first subcarrier spacing configuration is applied, and the UE, the processor, and the method may further be configured to, capable of, operable to, performed to, or performable to use the first subcarrier spacing configuration to determine the CP length for the one or more of the first set of slots or the first set of subframes, and use a different subcarrier spacing configuration to determine the CP length for one or more of a second set of slots or a second set of subframes. Attorney Docket No. SMM920230222-WO-PCTLenovo Docket No. SMM920230222-WO-PCT 4

[0014] In some implementations of the UE, processor, and the method described herein, the UE, the processor, and the method may further be configured to, capable of, operable to, performed to, or performable to receive, from a NE, the configuration that identifies one or more of a first set of slots or a first set of subframes for which the first subcarrier spacing configuration is applied, and wherein the one or more of the second set of slots or the second set of subframes is different than the one or more of the first set of slots or the first set of subframes.

[0015] An NE (e.g., a base station) for wireless communication is described. The NE may be configured to, capable of, or operable to perform one or more operations as described herein. For example, the NE may be configured to, capable of, or operable to transmit a set of one or more OFDM symbols, each OFDM symbol of the set of one or more OFDM symbols including a corresponding CP, wherein a length of the corresponding CP is based at least in part on at least a first subcarrier spacing configuration, and wherein the set of one or more OFDM symbols is based at least in part on a second subcarrier spacing configuration different than the first subcarrier spacing configuration.

[0016] A processor for wireless communication is described. The processor may be configured to, capable of, or operable to perform one or more operations as described herein. For example, the processor may be configured to, capable of, or operable to transmit a set of one or more OFDM symbols, each OFDM symbol of the set of one or more OFDM symbols including a corresponding CP, wherein a length of the corresponding CP is based at least in part on at least a first subcarrier spacing configuration, and wherein the set of one or more OFDM symbols is based at least in part on a second subcarrier spacing configuration different than the first subcarrier spacing configuration.

[0017] A method performed or performable by an NE (e.g., base station) for wireless communication is described. The method may include transmitting a set of one or more OFDM symbols, each OFDM symbol of the set of one or more OFDM symbols including a corresponding CP, wherein a length of the corresponding CP is based at least in part on at least a first subcarrier spacing configuration, and wherein the set of one or more OFDM symbols is based at least in part on a second subcarrier spacing configuration different than the first subcarrier spacing configuration. Attorney Docket No. SMM920230222-WO-PCTLenovo Docket No. SMM920230222-WO-PCT 5

[0018] In some implementations of the NE, processor, and the method described herein, the first subcarrier spacing configuration is based at least in part on a reference numerology.

[0019] In some implementations of the NE, the processor, and the method described herein, the reference numerology includes one or more of an indication of subcarrier spacing or a subcarrier spacing configuration parameter.

[0020] In some implementations of the NE, the processor, and the method described herein, the NE, the processor, and the method may further be configured to, capable of, operable to, performed to, or performable to transmit, to a UE, a configuration that identifies one or more of a first set of slots or a first set of subframes for which the first subcarrier spacing configuration is applied.

[0021] In some implementations of the NE, the processor, and the method described herein, the configuration further includes an indication to use a different CP configuration to determine the CP length for one or more of a second set of slots or a second set of subframes.

[0022] In some implementations of the NE, the processor, and the method described herein, the one or more of the second set of slots or the second set of subframes is different than the one or more of the first set of slots or the first set of subframes. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 illustrates an example of a wireless communications system in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.

[0024] Figure 2 illustrates a scenario for CP-OFDM generation.

[0025] Figure 3 illustrates an example of a UE in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.

[0026] Figure 4 illustrates an example of a processor in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.

[0027] Figure 5 illustrates an example of a NE in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.

[0028] Figure 6 illustrates a flowchart of a method in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. Attorney Docket No. SMM920230222-WO-PCTLenovo Docket No. SMM920230222-WO-PCT 6

[0029] Figure 7 illustrates a flowchart of a in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] In a wireless communications system, a UE and a NE (e.g., a base station, gNB) may support wireless communication (e.g., reception and / or transmission of wireless communication) using time-frequency resources. To manage signal quality as part of utilizing time-frequency resources for wireless communication, a CP can be inserted between symbols in a waveform to prevent inter-symbol interference caused by multipath propagation. A CP, for instance, is a guard interval that can be defined in time, such as an end portion of an OFDM symbol that can be inserted at the beginning of (e.g., prepended to) OFDM symbols in the time domain. The length of the CP can be large enough to include relevant paths from a channel profile.

[0031] In some wireless communications systems, the CP can scale inversely with the subcarrier spacing. For instance, the larger the subcarrier spacing, the smaller the CP length. This can provide a simple implementation and overall system numerology but may be inadequate to cover the multipath channel profile, which can be dependent on the carrier frequency but not the subcarrier spacing. Thus, there can be drawbacks to such approaches. For example, the CP for a small subcarrier spacing may be longer than necessary for the channel, resulting in unnecessary overhead and therefore reduced spectral efficiency. Further, the CP for a large subcarrier spacing may be too short to compensate for the delayed and / or reflected signals in the multipath channel environment, resulting in inter-symbol interference and thus in a higher likelihood of erroneous data transmission and reception.

[0032] Accordingly, aspects of the disclosure are directed to providing a flexible CP configuration that utilizes some design aspects of an existing numerology, and is applicable for efficient use in a further evolution of wireless communications systems. The present disclosure, for example, enables a CP duration to be determined from a reference subcarrier spacing for OFDM symbols with a different transmission subcarrier spacing. Further, the number of symbols per slot can be determined based on a reference subcarrier spacing. The described solutions provide flexible and adaptable techniques for determine CP configuration for mitigating inter-symbol interference in Attorney Docket No. SMM920230222-WO-PCTLenovo Docket No. SMM920230222-WO-PCT 7 a variety of different wireless communications By utilizing the described solutions, signal quality in wireless communications can be increased.

[0033] Reference is made herein to communicating data or information, such as signaling communication resources and / or communications that are transmitted or received between devices. It is to be appreciated that other terms may be used interchangeably with communicating, such as signaling, transmitting, receiving, outputting, forwarding, retrieving, obtaining, and so forth.

[0034] Aspects of the present disclosure are described in the context of a wireless communications system.

[0035] Figure 1 illustrates an example of a wireless communications system 100 in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The wireless communications system 100 may include one or more NE 102, one or more UE 104, and a core network (CN) 106. The wireless communications system 100 may support various radio access technologies. In some implementations, the wireless communications system 100 may be a 4G network, such as an LTE network or an LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) network. In some other implementations, the wireless communications system 100 may be a NR network, such as a 5G network, a 5G-Advanced (5G-A) network, or a 5G ultrawideband (5G-UWB) network. In other implementations, the wireless communications system 100 may be a combination of a 4G network and a 5G network, or other suitable radio access technology including Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11 (Wi-Fi), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX), IEEE 802.20. The wireless communications system 100 may support radio access technologies beyond 5G, for example, 6G. Additionally, the wireless communications system 100 may support technologies, such as time division multiple access (TDMA), frequency division multiple access (FDMA), or code division multiple access (CDMA), etc.

[0036] The one or more NE 102 may be dispersed throughout a geographic region to form the wireless communications system 100. One or more of the NE 102 described herein may be or include or may be referred to as a network node, a base station, a network element, a network function, a network entity, a radio access network (RAN), a NodeB, an eNodeB (eNB), a next- generation NodeB (gNB), or other suitable terminology. An NE 102 and a UE 104 may communicate via a communication link, which may be a wireless or wired connection. For example, Attorney Docket No. SMM920230222-WO-PCTLenovo Docket No. SMM920230222-WO-PCT 8 an NE 102 and a UE 104 may perform wireless (e.g., receive signaling, transmit signaling) over a Uu interface.

[0037] An NE 102 may provide a geographic coverage area for which the NE 102 may support services for one or more UEs 104 within the geographic coverage area. For example, an NE 102 and a UE 104 may support wireless communication of signals related to services (e.g., voice, video, packet data, messaging, broadcast, etc.) according to one or multiple radio access technologies. In some implementations, an NE 102 may be moveable, for example, a satellite associated with a non-terrestrial network (NTN). In some implementations, different geographic coverage areas associated with the same or different radio access technologies may overlap, but the different geographic coverage areas may be associated with different NE 102.

[0038] The one or more UEs 104 may be dispersed throughout a geographic region of the wireless communications system 100. A UE 104 may include or may be referred to as a remote unit, a mobile device, a wireless device, a remote device, a subscriber device, a transmitter device, a receiver device, or some other suitable terminology. In some implementations, the UE 104 may be referred to as a unit, a station, a terminal, or a client, among other examples. Additionally, or alternatively, the UE 104 may be referred to as an Internet-of-Things (IoT) device, an Internet-of- Everything (IoE) device, or machine-type communication (MTC) device, among other examples.

[0039] A UE 104 may be able to support wireless communication directly with other UEs 104 over a communication link. For example, a UE 104 may support wireless communication directly with another UE 104 over a device-to-device (D2D) communication link. In some implementations, such as vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) deployments, vehicle-to-everything (V2X) deployments, or cellular-V2X deployments, the communication link may be referred to as a sidelink. For example, a UE 104 may support wireless communication directly with another UE 104 over a PC5 interface.

[0040] An NE 102 may support communications with the CN 106, or with another NE 102, or both. For example, an NE 102 may interface with other NE 102 or the CN 106 through one or more backhaul links (e.g., S1, N2, N6, or other network interface). In some implementations, the NE 102 may communicate with each other directly. In some other implementations, the NE 102 may communicate with each other indirectly (e.g., via the CN 106). In some implementations, one or more NE 102 may include subcomponents, such as an access network entity, which may be an Attorney Docket No. SMM920230222-WO-PCTLenovo Docket No. SMM920230222-WO-PCT 9 example of an access node controller (ANC). ANC may communicate with the one or more UEs 104 through one or more other access network transmission entities, which may be referred to as a radio heads, smart radio heads, or transmission-reception points (TRPs).

[0041] The CN 106 may support user authentication, access authorization, tracking, connectivity, and other access, routing, or mobility functions. The CN 106 may be an evolved packet core (EPC), or a 5G core (5GC), which may include a control plane entity that manages access and mobility (e.g., a mobility management entity (MME), an access and mobility management functions (AMF)) and a user plane entity that routes packets or interconnects to external networks (e.g., a serving gateway (S-GW), a packet data network (PDN) gateway (P-GW), or a user plane function (UPF)). In some implementations, the control plane entity may manage non-access stratum (NAS) functions, such as mobility, authentication, and bearer management (e.g., data bearers, signal bearers, etc.) for the one or more UEs 104 served by the one or more NE 102 associated with the CN 106.

[0042] The CN 106 may communicate with a packet data network over one or more backhaul links (e.g., via an S1, N2, N6, or other network interface). The packet data network may include an application server. In some implementations, one or more UEs 104 may communicate with the application server. A UE 104 may establish a session (e.g., a protocol data unit (PDU) session, or the like) with the CN 106 via an NE 102. The CN 106 may route traffic (e.g., control information, data, and the like) between the UE 104 and the application server using the established session (e.g., the established PDU session). The PDU session may be an example of a logical connection between the UE 104 and the CN 106 (e.g., one or more network functions of the CN 106).

[0043] In the wireless communications system 100, the NEs 102 and the UEs 104 may use resources of the wireless communications system 100 (e.g., time resources (e.g., symbols, slots, subframes, frames, or the like) or frequency resources (e.g., subcarriers, carriers)) to perform various operations (e.g., wireless communications). In some implementations, the NEs 102 and the UEs 104 may support different resource structures. For example, the NEs 102 and the UEs 104 may support different frame structures. In some implementations, such as in 4G, the NEs 102 and the UEs 104 may support a single frame structure. In some other implementations, such as in 5G and among other suitable radio access technologies, the NEs 102 and the UEs 104 may support various Attorney Docket No. SMM920230222-WO-PCTLenovo Docket No. SMM920230222-WO-PCT 10 frame structures (i.e., multiple frame NEs 102 and the UEs 104 may support various frame structures based on one or more numerologies.

[0044] One or more numerologies may be supported in the wireless communications system 100, and a numerology may include a subcarrier spacing and a CP. A first numerology (e.g., ^=0) may be associated with a first subcarrier spacing (e.g., 15 kHz) and a normal CP. In some implementations, the first numerology (e.g., ^=0) associated with the first subcarrier spacing (e.g., 15 kHz) may utilize one slot per subframe. A second numerology (e.g., ^=1) may be associated with a second subcarrier spacing (e.g., 30 kHz) and a normal CP. A third numerology (e.g., ^=2) may be associated with a third subcarrier spacing (e.g., 60 kHz) and a normal CP or an extended CP. A fourth numerology (e.g., ^=3) may be associated with a fourth subcarrier spacing (e.g., 120 kHz) and a normal CP. A fifth numerology (e.g., ^=4) may be associated with a fifth subcarrier spacing (e.g., 240 kHz) and a normal CP.

[0045] A time interval of a resource (e.g., a communication resource) may be organized according to frames (also referred to as radio frames). Each frame may have a duration, for example, a 10 millisecond (ms) duration. In some implementations, each frame may include multiple subframes. For example, each frame may include 10 subframes, and each subframe may have a duration, for example, a 1 ms duration. In some implementations, each frame may have the same duration. In some implementations, each subframe of a frame may have the same duration.

[0046] Additionally or alternatively, a time interval of a resource (e.g., a communication resource) may be organized according to slots. For example, a subframe may include a number (e.g., quantity) of slots. The number of slots in each subframe may also depend on the one or more numerologies supported in the wireless communications system 100. For instance, the first, second, third, fourth, and fifth numerologies (i.e., ^=0, ^=1, ^=2, ^=3, ^=4) associated with respective subcarrier spacings of 15 kHz, 30 kHz, 60 kHz, 120 kHz, and 240 kHz may utilize a single slot per subframe, two slots per subframe, four slots per subframe, eight slots per subframe, and 16 slots per subframe, respectively. Each slot may include a number (e.g., quantity) of symbols (e.g., OFDM symbols). In some implementations, the number (e.g., quantity) of slots for a subframe may depend on a numerology. For a normal CP, a slot may include 14 symbols. For an extended CP (e.g., applicable for 60 kHz subcarrier spacing), a slot may include 12 symbols. The relationship between the number of symbols per slot, the number of slots per subframe, and the number of slots per frame Attorney Docket No. SMM920230222-WO-PCTLenovo Docket No. SMM920230222-WO-PCT 11 for a normal CP and an extended CP may on a numerology. It should be understood that reference to a first numerology (e.g., ^=0) associated with a first subcarrier spacing (e.g., 15 kHz) may be used interchangeably between subframes and slots.

[0047] In the wireless communications system 100, an electromagnetic (EM) spectrum may be split, based on frequency or wavelength, into various classes, frequency bands, frequency channels, etc. By way of example, the wireless communications system 100 may support one or multiple operating frequency bands, such as frequency range designations FR1 (410 MHz – 7.125 GHz), FR2 (24.25 GHz – 52.6 GHz), FR3 (7.125 GHz – 24.25 GHz), FR4 (52.6 GHz – 114.25 GHz), FR4a or FR4-1 (52.6 GHz – 71 GHz), and FR5 (114.25 GHz – 300 GHz). In some implementations, the NEs 102 and the UEs 104 may perform wireless communications over one or more of the operating frequency bands. In some implementations, FR1 may be used by the NEs 102 and the UEs 104, among other equipment or devices for cellular communications traffic (e.g., control information, data). In some implementations, FR2 may be used by the NEs 102 and the UEs 104, among other equipment or devices for short-range, high data rate capabilities.

[0048] FR1 may be associated with one or multiple numerologies (e.g., at least three numerologies). For example, FR1 may be associated with a first numerology (e.g., ^=0), which includes 15 kHz subcarrier spacing; a second numerology (e.g., ^=1), which includes 30 kHz subcarrier spacing; and a third numerology (e.g., ^=2), which includes 60 kHz subcarrier spacing. FR2 may be associated with one or multiple numerologies (e.g., at least 2 numerologies). For example, FR2 may be associated with a third numerology (e.g., ^=2), which includes 60 kHz subcarrier spacing; and a fourth numerology (e.g., ^=3), which includes 120 kHz subcarrier spacing.

[0049] According to implementations, one or more of the NEs 102 and the UEs 104 are operable to implement various aspects of the techniques described with reference to the present disclosure. For example, a NE 102 (e.g., a base station) transmits, to a UE 104, a set of one or more OFDM symbols, each OFDM symbol of the set of one or more OFDM symbols including a corresponding CP. A length of the corresponding CP, for instance, is based at least in part on at least a first subcarrier spacing configuration, and the set of one or more OFDM symbols is based at least in part on a second subcarrier spacing configuration different than the first subcarrier spacing configuration. The UE 104 receives the set of one or more OFDM symbols with each OFDM Attorney Docket No. SMM920230222-WO-PCTLenovo Docket No. SMM920230222-WO-PCT 12 symbol of the set of one or more OFDM including a corresponding CP. As indicated above a length of the corresponding CP is based at least in part on at least a first subcarrier spacing configuration, and the set of one or more OFDM symbols is based at least in part on the second subcarrier spacing configuration different than the first subcarrier spacing configuration.

[0050] According to implementations, a UE may base a subcarrier spacing of the one or more OFDM symbols including a CP on the second subcarrier spacing configuration. For example, the UE may determine the subcarrier spacing of the one or more OFDM symbols including the CP based in part on the second subcarrier spacing configuration. Additionally, or alternatively, the UE may, for example, calculate, compute, derive, and / or look up the subcarrier spacing of the one or more OFDM symbols including the CP based in part on the second subcarrier spacing configuration.

[0051] Figure 2 illustrates a scenario 200 for CP-OFDM generation. The scenario 200 for CP- OFDM generation may implement, or be implemented by, aspects of the wireless communication system 100. For example, in some implementations, one or more NEs 102 and UEs 104 may support the scenario 200 for CP-OFDM generation. In some wireless communication systems, such as OFDM-based communication systems, adding a CP to an OFDM symbol may mitigate inter- symbol interference. In the scenario 200, an OFDM symbol 202 includes Nsc samples, and the last Ncpsamples are copied and prepended to the OFDM symbol 202 to generate a CP 204, resulting in a total of Nsc+Ncpsamples.

[0052] In the following discussion regarding frame structure and physical resources, unless otherwise noted, the size of various fields in the time domain can be expressed in time units^^ = 1⁄ ^^^^^^^^)) where Δ^ ^max = 480 ∙ 10 Hz and ^^ = 4096. The constant ^ = ^^⁄ ^^ = 64where ^^ = 1⁄ ^^^ ^ref ⋅ ^f,ref^ , ^^ref = 15 ⋅ 10 Hz and ^f,ref = 2048. Further, unless otherwisenoted,“UE” can be applicable to the Integrated Access and Backhaul- Mobile Termination (IAB-MT) part of an IAB-node.

[0053] Regarding numerologies, multiple OFDM numerologies are supported as given by Table 4.2-1 below (see 3GPP Technical Specification (TS) 38.211, Release 18, version 18.0.0, September 29, 2023, titled “Physical channels and modulation,” which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety, and hereinafter referred to as “3GPP TS 38.211”) where ^ and the CP for a downlink or Attorney Docket No. SMM920230222-WO-PCTLenovo Docket No. SMM920230222-WO-PCT 13 uplink bandwidth part (BWP) are obtained higher-layer parameters subcarrierSpacing and cyclicPrefix, respectively. Higher-layer parameters may refer to one or more parameters handled (e.g., processed, received, transmitted, decoded, encoded, determined, configured, or the like) at one or more protocol layers higher than a physical layer of a protocol stack, such as a radio resource control (RRC) layer or a medium access control (MAC) layer. Table 4.2-1: Supported transmission numerologies µ∆f =2 µ ⋅ 15 [kHz] Cyclic prefix0 15 Normal 1 30 Normal 2 60 Normal, Extended 3 120 Normal 4 240 Normal 5 480 Normal 6 960 Normal

[0054] For subcarrier spacing configuration µ , slots are numbered ^ subframe,s ∈ "0, … , ^slot − 1 'in increasing order within a subframe and ^ ∈ "0, … , ^frame,slot − 1 'increasing order withinframe. There are Nssylomtslot b consecutive OFDM symbols in a slot where Nsymbdepends on the CP as given by Tables 4.3.2-1 and 4.3.2-2, below (3GPP TS 38.211) The start of slot ^sin a subframe is aligned in time with the start of OFDM symbol nµNssylomtb in the same

[0055] OFDM symbols in a slot in a downlink or uplink frame can be classified as 'downlink', 'flexible', or 'uplink'. Signaling of slot formats is described in clause 11.1 of TS 38.213 (see 3GPP TS 38.213, Release 18, version 18.1.0, January 18, 2024, titled “Physical layer procedures for control,”, which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety). In a slot in a downlink frame, the UE shall assume that downlink transmissions occur in 'downlink' or 'flexible' symbols. In a slot in an uplink frame, the UE shall transmit in 'uplink' or 'flexible' symbols.

[0056] A UE not capable of full-duplex communication and not supporting simultaneous transmission and reception as defined by parameter simultaneousRxTxInterBandENDC, simultaneousRxTxInterBandCA or simultaneousRxTxSUL (see 3GPP TS 38.306, Release 18, Attorney Docket No. SMM920230222-WO-PCTLenovo Docket No. SMM920230222-WO-PCT 14 version 18.0.0, January 13, 2024, titled “User (UE) radio access capabilities,” hereinafter referred to as “3GPP TS 38.306”, which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety) among cells within a group of cells is not expected to transmit in the uplink in one cell within the group of cells earlier than ^Rx-Tx^cafter the end of the last received downlink symbol in the same or different cell within the group of cells where ^Rx-Txis given by Table 4.3.2-3 (3GPP TS 38.211).

[0057] A UE not capable of full-duplex communication and not supporting simultaneous transmission and reception as defined by parameter simultaneousRxTxInterBandENDC, simultaneousRxTxInterBandCA or simultaneousRxTxSUL (3GPP TS 38.306) among cells within a group of cells is not expected to receive in the downlink in one cell within the group of cells earlier than ^Tx-Rx^cafter the end of the last transmitted uplink symbol in the same or different cell within the group of cells where ^Tx-Rxis given by Table 4.3.2-3 (3GPP TS 38.211).

[0058] For Dual Active Protocol Stack (DAPS) handover operation, a UE not capable of full- duplex communication is not expected to transmit in the uplink to a cell earlier than ^Rx-Tx^cafter the end of the last received downlink symbol in the different cell where ^Rx-Txis given by Table 4.3.2-3.

[0059] For DAPS handover operation, a UE not capable of full-duplex communication is not expected to receive in the downlink from a cell earlier than ^Tx-Rx^cafter the end of the last transmitted uplink symbol in the different cell where ^Tx-Rxis given by Table 4.3.2-3.

[0060] A UE not capable of full-duplex communication is not expected to transmit in the uplink earlier than ^Rx-Tx^cafter the end of the last received downlink symbol in the same cell where ^Rx-Txis given by Table 4.3.2-3.

[0061] A UE not capable of full-duplex communication is not expected to receive in the downlink earlier than ^Tx-Rx^cafter the end of the last transmitted uplink symbol in the same cell where ^Tx-Rxis given by Table 4.3.2-3. Table 4.3.2-1: Number of OFDM symbols per slot, slots per frame, and slots per subframe for normal CP Attorney Docket No. SMM920230222-WO-PCTLenovo Docket No. SMM920230222-WO-PCT 15 ()slot frame,( subframe,(symb )slot)slot0 14 10 1 1 14 20 2 2 14 40 4 3 14 80 8 4 14 160 16 5 14 320 32 6 14 640 64 Table 4.3.2-2: Number of OFDM symbols per slot, slots per frame, and slots per subframe for extended CP ()slot frame,( subframe,(symb )slot)slot 2 12 40 4 Table 4.3.2-3: Transition time )Rx-Txand )Tx-RxTransition time FR1 FR2 ^Tx-Rx25600 13792 ^Rx-Tx25600 13792

[0062] The following discussion regards OFDM baseband signal generation. For OFDM baseband signal generation for channels except Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH) andRAN Information Management-Reference Signal (RIM-RS), the time-continuous signal s( p, µ )l (t )on antenna port * and subcarrier spacing configuration ^ for OFDM symbol l∈{0,1,...,− 1}in a subframe for any physical channel or signal except PRACH is,) ^-, )= ^.) ≤ . < +AttorneyLenovo Docket No. SMM920230222-WO-PCT 16where . = 0Nµ =2048 − µ u κ ⋅ 2 − µ extended cyclic prefix normal cyclic prefix, l = 0or l =7 ⋅ 2 µ normal cyclic prefix, l ≠ 0 and l≠7 ⋅ 2 µ and- ∆ f is given by clause 4.2; -µ is the subcarrier spacing configuration;- ^Iis the largest ^ value among the subcarrier spacing configurations by scs- SpecificCarrierList for each of uplink and downlink and by sl-SCS-SpecificCarrierList for sidelink.

[0063] As can be seen in the above (e.g., Table 4.3.2-2), a subframe with an extended CP consists of 12 OFDM symbols. Up to Release 18, the extended CP is available for a SCS of 60 kHz (µ=2). According to clause 5.3.1 of 38.211, the length of the extended CP for µ=2 is determined as ^H9 = 512^ ?9CP,, ∙ 2 = 8192

[0064] It should be noted that the length of an OFDM symbol before adding the extended CP isfixed as ^ ?L ?µ H9 ?9K = 2048^ ∙ 2 = 131072 ∙ 2 , i.e. for µ=2 we obtain ^K = 2048^ ∙ 2 = 32768.as ^CP,, = 144^ ∙ 2?µ or as ^CP,, = 144^ ∙ 2?µ + 16^,depending on the symbol index512^ ∙2?µ, regardless of the symbol number. Accordingly, in aspects of this disclosure, a CP length is configured and identified independently of a subcarrier spacing, e.g., µ in 3GPP 5G NR. In 5G NR,the subcarrier spacing can be determined from µ as Δ^ = 2 ∙ 15 [JQR].

[0066] In implementations, the CP length is configured by a reference numerology, such as a subcarrier spacing or a subcarrier spacing configuration parameter, such as µTU^. According to an implementation, the CP length for a symbol with normal CP duration is determined as ^VWXCP,, =144^ ∙ 2?µVWX. According to an implementation, the CP length for a symbol with normal CP isAttorney Docket No. SMM920230222-WO-PCTLenovo Docket No. SMM920230222-WO-PCT 17 determined as ^VWXCP,,= 144^ ∙ 2?µVWX + ∆,, ∆, is a non-negative number to facilitate thatoverall the CPs in a subframe plus the length of OFDM symbols match up with the total length of awhere Z ∈ "0,1, … , ^^\]^T^^U,µ ^,[D^,[D ^^^^] − 1'.∆,= 0 for OFDM symbols other than Z = 0 and Z =7 ∙ 2µ in a subframe, and ∆ = 16^ for OFDM symbols µ, than Z = 0 and Z = 7 ∙ 2 in a subframe.According to an implementation, ∆,= 0 for at least the number of symbols in a subframe minus 2,and greater than 0 for at most 2 symbols in a subframe. According to an implementation, thenumber of symbols per slot ^slotsymb and the CP duration for a normal CP ^ VWX ?µVWXCP,, = 144^ ∙ 2 + ∆,is determined as given in the following look-up table, where ∆,= 0 l unless noted otherwisein the Table 1, below. Attorney Docket No. SMM920230222-WO-PCTLenovo Docket No. SMM920230222-WO-PCT 18 Table 1 µTU^0 1 2 3 4 5 6 µ 0^slot = 14 ^slot = 1 slot slot slot slot slotsymb symb 4 ^symb = 14 ^symb = 14 ^symb = 14 ^symb = 14 ^symb = 14∆I= 16^ ∆I= 16^ ∆I= 16^ ∆I= 16^ ∆I= 16^ ∆I= 16^ ∆I= 16^∆f∙9µ= 16^ ∆f∙9µ= 16^ ∆f∙9µ= 16^ ∆f∙9µ= 16^ ∆f∙9µ= 16^ ∆f∙9µ= 16^ ∆f∙9µ= 16^1 ^slot slot slot slot slot slot slotsymb = 13 ^symb = 14 ^symb = 14 ^symb = 14 ^symb = 14 ^symb = 14 ^symb = 14∆I= 88^ ∆I= 16^ ∆I= 16^ ∆I= 16^ ∆I= 16^ ∆I= 16^ ∆I= 16^∆f∙9µ= 88^ ∆f∙9µ= 16^ ∆f∙9µ= 16^ ∆f∙9µ= 16^ ∆f∙9µ= 16^ ∆f∙9µ= 16^ ∆f∙9µ= 16^2 ^slot = 11 ^slot = 13 ^slot = 14 ^slot = 14 ^slot = 14 ^slot = 1 slotsymb symb symb symb symb symb 4 ^symb = 14∆I= 232^ ∆I= 44^ ∆I= 16^ ∆I= 16^ ∆I= 16^ ∆I= 16^ ∆I= 16^∆f∙9µ ∆f∙9µ= 44^ ∆f∙9µ= 16^ ∆f∙9µ= 16^ ∆f∙9µ= 16^ ∆f∙9µ= 16^ ∆f∙9µ= 16^= 232^3 ^slot = 9 ^slot = 11 ^slot = 13 ^slot = slot slot slotsymb symb symb symb 14 ^symb = 14 ^symb = 14 ^symb = 14∆I= 120^ ∆I= 116^ ∆I= 22^ ∆I= 16^ ∆I= 16^ ∆I= 16^ ∆I= 16^∆f∙9µ ∆f∙9µ ∆f∙9µ= 22^ ∆f∙9µ= 16^ ∆f∙9µ= 16^ ∆f∙9µ= 16^ ∆f∙9µ= 16^= 120^ = 116^4 ^slot = 7 slot slot slot slot slot slotsymb ^symb = 9 ^symb = 11 ^symb = 13 ^symb = 14 ^symb = 14 ^symb = 14∆I= 8^ ∆I= 60^ ∆I= 58^ ∆I= 11^ ∆I= 16^ ∆I= 16^ ∆I= 16^∆f∙9µ= 8^ ∆f∙9µ= 60^ ∆f∙9µ= 58^ ∆f∙9µ= 11^ ∆f∙9µ= 16^ ∆f∙9µ= 16^ ∆f∙9µ= 16^5 ^slot slot slot slot slot slot slotsymb = 4 ^symb = 7 ^symb = 9 ^symb = 11 ^symb = 13 ^symb = 14 ^symb = 14∆I= 64^ ∆I= 4^ ∆I= 30^ ∆I= 29^ ∆I= 5.5^ ∆I= 16^ ∆I= 16^∆f∙9µ= 64^ ∆f∙9µ= 4^ ∆f∙9µ= 30^ ∆f∙9µ= 29^ ∆f∙9µ= 5.5^ ∆f∙9µ= 16^ ∆f∙9µ= 16^6 ^slot slot slot slot slot slotmb = 2 ^symb = 4 ^symb = 7 ^ slotsy symb = 9 ^symb = 9 ^symb = 13 ^symb = 14∆I= 64^ ∆I= 32^ ∆I= 2^ ∆I= 15^ ∆I= 55.5^ ∆I= 2.75^ ∆I= 16^∆f∙9µ= 64^ ∆f∙9µ= 32^ ∆f∙9µ= 2^ ∆f∙9µ= 15^ ∆f∙9µ ∆f∙9µ ∆f∙9µ= 16^= 55.5^ = 2.75^

[0068] In implementations, the CP length for a symbol with extended CP duration is determined as ^VWX = 512^ ∙ 2?µVWX + ∆,. where ∆ is a non-negative number to facilitate that overall theplus the length of OFDM symbols match up with the total length of asubframe, where Z ∈ "0,1, … , ^^\]^T^^U,µ^,[D ^^,[D^^^] − 1'. For example, according to 5G NR ∆,= 0 forOFDM symbols in a subframe. According to an implementation, ∆,= 0 for at least the number ofsymbols in a subframe minus 2, and greater than 0 for at most 2 symbols in a subframe. According to an implementation, the number of symbols per slot ^ssylomtb and the CP duration for a normal CP Attorney Docket No. SMM920230222-WO-PCTLenovo Docket No. SMM920230222-WO-PCT 19 ^VWXCP,,= 512^ ∙ 2?µVWX + ∆, is determined as in the following look-up table, where ∆,= 0 forin Table 2.Table 2 µTU^0 1 2 3 4 5 6 µ 0^slot = 12 ^slot = 13 ^slot = 14 ^slot = 14 ^slot = 14 ^slot slotsymb symb symb symb symb symb = 14 ^symb = 14∆I= 384^ ∆I= 128^ ∆I= 576^ ∆I= 800^ ∆I= 912^ ∆I= 968^∆f∙9µ ∆f∙9µ ∆f∙9µ ∆f∙9µ ∆f∙9µ912^ ∆f∙9µ968^= 384^ = 128^ = 576^ = 800^1 ^slotsymb = 10 ^slotsymb = 12 ^slotsymb = 13 ^slotsymb = 14 ^slotsymb = 14 ^slotsymb = 14 ^slotsymb = 14∆I= 192^ ∆I= 64^ ∆I= 288^ ∆I= 400^ ∆I= 456^∆f∙9µ ∆f∙9µ= 64^ ∆f∙9µ ∆f∙9µ ∆f∙9µ= 192^ = 288^ = 400^ = 456^2 ^slot = slot slot slot slot slot slotsymb 7 ^symb = 10 ^symb = 12 ^symb = 13 ^symb = 14 ^symb = 14 ^symb = 14∆I= 256^ ∆I= 96^ ∆I= 32^ ∆I= 144^ ∆I= 200^∆f∙9µ ∆f∙9µ= 96^ ∆f∙9µ= 32^ ∆f∙9µ ∆f∙9µ= 256^ = 144^ = 200^3 ^slot slot smb = 5 ^ lot slot slot slot slotsy symb = 7 ^symb = 10 ^symb = 12 ^symb = 13 ^symb = 14 ^symb = 14∆I= 128^ ∆I= 48^ ∆I= 16^ ∆I= 72^∆f∙9µ ∆f∙9µ= 48^ ∆f∙9µ= 16^ ∆f∙9µ= 72^= 128^4 ^slotymb = slot slot slot slot slot slots 3 ^symb = 5 ^symb = 7 ^symb = 10 ^symb = 12 ^symb = 13 ^symb = 14∆I= 64^ ∆I= 24^ ∆I= 8^∆f∙9µ= 64^ ∆f∙9µ= 24^ ∆f∙9µ= 8^5 ^slot = 1 ^slot = 3 ^slot = 5 ^slot = 7 ^slot slot sb = 10 ^symb = 1 lotsymb symb symb symb sym 2 ^symb = 13∆I= 192^ ∆I= 32^ ∆I= 12^∆f∙9µ ∆f∙9µ= 32^ ∆f∙9µ= 12^= 192^6 ^slot = 0 ^slot = 1 ^slot = 3 ^slot = slot slot slotsymb symb symb symb 5 ^symb = 7 ^symb = 10 ^symb = 12∆I= 96^ ∆I= 16^∆f∙9µ= 96^ ∆f∙9µ= 16^

[0069] Accordingly, in aspects of the present disclosure, a NE (e.g., a base station) transmits and / or configures a configuration to a UE regarding a CP length. The NE, for instance, transmits and / or configures a reference numerology, such as a subcarrier spacing and / or a subcarrier spacing configuration parameter, such as µTU^. According to an implementation, the NE transmits a Attorney Docket No. SMM920230222-WO-PCTLenovo Docket No. SMM920230222-WO-PCT 20 configuration indicating to which slots and / or the reference numerology configuration is applicable.

[0070] Further to aspects of the present disclosure, a UE receives a configuration from a NE regarding the CP length. The UE, for instance, receives a reference numerology, such as a subcarrier spacing and / or a subcarrier spacing configuration parameter, such as µTU^. According to an implementation, the UE receives from the NE a configuration for which slots or subframes the reference numerology is applied. The UE can apply the reference numerology to determine the CP duration in the indicated slots or subframes and apply a different numerology to determine the CP duration in the remaining slots or subframes.

[0071] Figure 3 illustrates an example of a UE 300 in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The UE 300 may include a processor 302, a memory 304, a controller 306, and a transceiver 308. The processor 302, the memory 304, the controller 306, or the transceiver 308, or various combinations thereof or various components thereof may be examples of means for performing various aspects of the present disclosure as described herein. These components may be coupled (e.g., operatively, communicatively, functionally, electronically, electrically) via one or more interfaces.

[0072] The processor 302, the memory 304, the controller 306, or the transceiver 308, or various combinations or components thereof may be implemented in hardware (e.g., circuitry). The hardware may include a processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or other programmable logic device, or any combination thereof configured as or otherwise supporting a means for performing the functions described in the present disclosure.

[0073] The processor 302 may include an intelligent hardware device (e.g., a general-purpose processor, a DSP, a CPU, an ASIC, an FPGA, or any combination thereof). In some implementations, the processor 302 may be configured to operate the memory 304. In some other implementations, the memory 304 may be integrated into the processor 302. The processor 302 may be configured to execute computer-readable instructions stored in the memory 304 to cause the UE 300 to perform various functions of the present disclosure. Attorney Docket No. SMM920230222-WO-PCTLenovo Docket No. SMM920230222-WO-PCT 21

[0074] The memory 304 may include or non-volatile memory. The memory 304 may store computer-readable, computer-executable code including instructions when executed by the processor 302 cause the UE 300 to perform various functions described herein. The code may be stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium such as the memory 304 or another type of memory. Computer-readable media includes both non-transitory computer storage media and communication media including any medium that facilitates transfer of a computer program from one place to another. A non-transitory storage medium may be any available medium that may be accessed by a general-purpose or special-purpose computer.

[0075] In some implementations, the processor 302 and the memory 304 coupled with the processor 302 may be configured to cause the UE 300 to perform one or more of the functions described herein (e.g., executing, by the processor 302, instructions stored in the memory 304). For example, the processor 302 may support wireless communication at the UE 300 in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. The UE 300 may be configured to or operable to support a means for one or more of receiving or transmitting a set of one or more OFDM symbols, each OFDM symbol of the set of one or more OFDM symbols including a corresponding CP, wherein a length of the corresponding CP is based at least in part on at least a first subcarrier spacing configuration, and wherein the set of one or more OFDM symbols is based at least in part on a second subcarrier spacing configuration different than the first subcarrier spacing configuration.

[0076] Additionally, the UE 300 may be configured to support any one or combination of where the UE is configured with the second subcarrier spacing configuration, and wherein the method further includes basing a subcarrier spacing of the one or more OFDM symbols including a CP on the second subcarrier spacing configuration; determining a number of symbols per slot of the OFDM symbols based at least in part on the first subcarrier spacing configuration and the second subcarrier spacing configuration; receiving, from a NE, the first subcarrier spacing configuration; the first subcarrier spacing configuration is based at least in part on a reference numerology; the reference numerology includes one or more of an indication of subcarrier spacing or a subcarrier spacing configuration parameter; a configuration identifies one or more of a first set of slots or a first set of subframes for which the first subcarrier spacing configuration is applied, and the method further includes using the first subcarrier spacing configuration to determine the CP length for the one or more of the first set of slots or the first set of subframes, and using a different subcarrier Attorney Docket No. SMM920230222-WO-PCTLenovo Docket No. SMM920230222-WO-PCT 22 spacing configuration to determine the CP for one or more of a second set of slots or a second set of subframes; receiving, from a NE, the configuration that identifies one or more of a first set of slots or a first set of subframes for which the first subcarrier spacing configuration is applied, and wherein the one or more of the second set of slots or the second set of subframes is different than the one or more of the first set of slots or the first set of subframes.

[0077] Additionally, or alternatively, the UE 300 may support at least one memory (e.g., the memory 304) and at least one processor (e.g., the processor 302) coupled with the at least one memory and configured to cause the UE to one or more of receive or transmit a set of one or more OFDM symbols, each OFDM symbol of the set of one or more OFDM symbols including a corresponding CP, wherein a length of the corresponding CP is based at least in part on at least a first subcarrier spacing configuration, and wherein the set of one or more OFDM symbols is based at least in part on a second subcarrier spacing configuration different than the first subcarrier spacing configuration.

[0078] Additionally, the UE 300 may be configured to support any one or combination of where the UE is configured with the second subcarrier spacing configuration, and wherein the at least one processor is configured to cause the UE to base a subcarrier spacing of the one or more OFDM symbols including a CP on the second subcarrier spacing configuration; the at least one processor is configured to cause the UE to determine a number of symbols per slot of the OFDM symbols based at least in part on the first subcarrier spacing configuration and the second subcarrier spacing configuration; the at least one processor is configured to cause the UE to receive, from a NE, the first subcarrier spacing configuration; the first subcarrier spacing configuration is based at least in part on a reference numerology; the reference numerology includes one or more of an indication of subcarrier spacing or a subcarrier spacing configuration parameter; a configuration identifies one or more of a first set of slots or a first set of subframes for which the first subcarrier spacing configuration is applied, and the at least one processor is configured to cause the UE to use the first subcarrier spacing configuration to determine the CP length for the one or more of the first set of slots or the first set of subframes, and use a different subcarrier spacing configuration to determine the CP length for one or more of a second set of slots or a second set of subframes; the at least one processor is configured to cause the UE to receive, from a NE, the configuration that identifies one or more of a first set of slots or a first set of subframes for which the first subcarrier spacing Attorney Docket No. SMM920230222-WO-PCTLenovo Docket No. SMM920230222-WO-PCT 23 configuration is applied, and wherein the one of the second set of slots or the second set of subframes is different than the one or more of the first set of slots or the first set of subframes.

[0079] The controller 306 may manage input and output signals for the UE 300. The controller 306 may also manage peripherals not integrated into the UE 300. In some implementations, the controller 306 may utilize an operating system such as iOS®, ANDROID®, WINDOWS®, or other operating systems. In some implementations, the controller 306 may be implemented as part of the processor 302.

[0080] In some implementations, the UE 300 may include at least one transceiver 308. In some other implementations, the UE 300 may have more than one transceiver 308. The transceiver 308 may represent a wireless transceiver. The transceiver 308 may include one or more receiver chains 310, one or more transmitter chains 312, or a combination thereof.

[0081] A receiver chain 310 may be configured to receive signals (e.g., control information, data, packets) over a wireless medium. For example, the receiver chain 310 may include one or more antennas to receive a signal over the air or wireless medium. The receiver chain 310 may include at least one amplifier (e.g., a low-noise amplifier (LNA)) configured to amplify the received signal. The receiver chain 310 may include at least one demodulator configured to demodulate the receive signal and obtain the transmitted data by reversing the modulation technique applied during transmission of the signal. The receiver chain 310 may include at least one decoder for decoding the demodulated signal to receive the transmitted data.

[0082] A transmitter chain 312 may be configured to generate and transmit signals (e.g., control information, data, packets). The transmitter chain 312 may include at least one modulator for modulating data onto a carrier signal, preparing the signal for transmission over a wireless medium. The at least one modulator may be configured to support one or more techniques such as amplitude modulation (AM), frequency modulation (FM), or digital modulation schemes like phase-shift keying (PSK) or quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM). The transmitter chain 312 may also include at least one power amplifier configured to amplify the modulated signal to an appropriate power level suitable for transmission over the wireless medium. The transmitter chain 312 may also include one or more antennas for transmitting the amplified signal into the air or wireless medium. Attorney Docket No. SMM920230222-WO-PCTLenovo Docket No. SMM920230222-WO-PCT 24

[0083] Figure 4 illustrates an example of a 400 in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The processor 400 may be an example of a processor configured to perform various operations in accordance with examples as described herein. The processor 400 may include a controller 402 configured to perform various operations in accordance with examples as described herein. The processor 400 may optionally include at least one memory 404, which may be, for example, an L1 / L2 / L3 cache. Additionally, or alternatively, the processor 400 may optionally include one or more arithmetic-logic units (ALUs) 406. One or more of these components may be in electronic communication or otherwise coupled (e.g., operatively, communicatively, functionally, electronically, electrically) via one or more interfaces (e.g., buses).

[0084] The processor 400 may be a processor chipset and include a protocol stack (e.g., a software stack) executed by the processor chipset to perform various operations (e.g., receiving, obtaining, retrieving, transmitting, outputting, forwarding, storing, determining, identifying, accessing, writing, reading) in accordance with examples as described herein. The processor chipset may include one or more cores, one or more caches (e.g., memory local to or included in the processor chipset (e.g., the processor 400) or other memory (e.g., random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), dynamic RAM (DRAM), synchronous dynamic RAM (SDRAM), static RAM (SRAM), ferroelectric RAM (FeRAM), magnetic RAM (MRAM), resistive RAM (RRAM), flash memory, phase change memory (PCM), and others).

[0085] The controller 402 may be configured to manage and coordinate various operations (e.g., signaling, receiving, obtaining, retrieving, transmitting, outputting, forwarding, storing, determining, identifying, accessing, writing, reading) of the processor 400 to cause the processor 400 to support various operations in accordance with examples as described herein. For example, the controller 402 may operate as a control unit of the processor 400, generating control signals that manage the operation of various components of the processor 400. These control signals include enabling or disabling functional units, selecting data paths, initiating memory access, and coordinating timing of operations.

[0086] The controller 402 may be configured to fetch (e.g., obtain, retrieve, receive) instructions from the memory 404 and determine subsequent instruction(s) to be executed to cause the processor 400 to support various operations in accordance with examples as described herein. The controller 402 may be configured to track memory addresses of instructions associated with the memory 404. Attorney Docket No. SMM920230222-WO-PCTLenovo Docket No. SMM920230222-WO-PCT 25 The controller 402 may be configured to to determine the operation to be performed and the operands involved. For example, the controller 402 may be configured to interpret the instruction and determine control signals to be output to other components of the processor 400 to cause the processor 400 to support various operations in accordance with examples as described herein. Additionally, or alternatively, the controller 402 may be configured to manage flow of data within the processor 400. The controller 402 may be configured to control transfer of data between registers, ALUs 406, and other functional units of the processor 400.

[0087] The memory 404 may include one or more caches (e.g., memory local to or included in the processor 400 or other memory, such as RAM, ROM, DRAM, SDRAM, SRAM, MRAM, flash memory, etc. In some implementations, the memory 404 may reside within or on a processor chipset (e.g., local to the processor 400). In some other implementations, the memory 404 may reside external to the processor chipset (e.g., remote to the processor 400).

[0088] The memory 404 may store computer-readable, computer-executable code including instructions that, when executed by the processor 400, cause the processor 400 to perform various functions described herein. The code may be stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium such as system memory or another type of memory. The controller 402 and / or the processor 400 may be configured to execute computer-readable instructions stored in the memory 404 to cause the processor 400 to perform various functions. For example, the processor 400 and / or the controller 402 may be coupled with or to the memory 404, the processor 400, and the controller 402, and may be configured to perform various functions described herein. In some examples, the processor 400 may include multiple processors and the memory 404 may include multiple memories. One or more of the multiple processors may be coupled with one or more of the multiple memories, which may, individually or collectively, be configured to perform various functions herein.

[0089] The one or more ALUs 406 may be configured to support various operations in accordance with examples as described herein. In some implementations, the one or more ALUs 406 may reside within or on a processor chipset (e.g., the processor 400). In some other implementations, the one or more ALUs 406 may reside external to the processor chipset (e.g., the processor 400). One or more ALUs 406 may perform one or more computations such as addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division on data. For example, one or more ALUs 406 may receive input operands and an operation code, which determines an operation to be executed. One or more Attorney Docket No. SMM920230222-WO-PCTLenovo Docket No. SMM920230222-WO-PCT 26 ALUs 406 may be configured with a variety of and arithmetic circuits, including adders, subtractors, shifters, and logic gates, to process and manipulate the data according to the operation. Additionally, or alternatively, the one or more ALUs 406 may support logical operations such as AND, OR, exclusive-OR (XOR), not-OR (NOR), and not-AND (NAND), enabling the one or more ALUs 406 to handle conditional operations, comparisons, and bitwise operations.

[0090] The processor 400 may support wireless communication in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. The processor 400 may be configured to or operable to support at least one controller (e.g., the controller 402) coupled with at least one memory (e.g., the memory 404) and configured to cause the processor to one or more of receive or transmit a set of one or more OFDM symbols, each OFDM symbol of the set of one or more OFDM symbols including a corresponding CP, wherein a length of the corresponding CP is based at least in part on at least a first subcarrier spacing configuration, and wherein the set of one or more OFDM symbols is based at least in part on a second subcarrier spacing configuration different than the first subcarrier spacing configuration.

[0091] Additionally, the processor 400 may be configured to or operable to support any one or combination of where the processor is configured with the second subcarrier spacing configuration, and wherein the at least one controller is configured to cause the processor to base a subcarrier spacing of the one or more OFDM symbols including a CP on the second subcarrier spacing configuration; the at least one controller is configured to cause the processor to determine a number of symbols per slot of the OFDM symbols based at least in part on the first subcarrier spacing configuration and the second subcarrier spacing configuration; the at least one controller is configured to cause the processor to receive, from a NE, the first subcarrier spacing configuration; the first subcarrier spacing configuration is based at least in part on a reference numerology; the reference numerology includes one or more of an indication of subcarrier spacing or a subcarrier spacing configuration parameter; a configuration identifies one or more of a first set of slots or a first set of subframes for which the first subcarrier spacing configuration is applied, and the at least one controller is configured to cause the processor to use the first subcarrier spacing configuration to determine the CP length for the one or more of the first set of slots or the first set of subframes, and use a different subcarrier spacing configuration to determine the CP length for one or more of a second set of slots or a second set of subframes; the at least one controller is configured to cause the Attorney Docket No. SMM920230222-WO-PCTLenovo Docket No. SMM920230222-WO-PCT 27 processor to receive, from a NE, the that identifies one or more of a first set of slots or a first set of subframes for which the first subcarrier spacing configuration is applied, and wherein the one or more of the second set of slots or the second set of subframes is different than the one or more of the first set of slots or the first set of subframes.

[0092] Figure 5 illustrates an example of a NE 500 in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The NE 500 may include a processor 502, a memory 504, a controller 506, and a transceiver 508. The processor 502, the memory 504, the controller 506, or the transceiver 508, or various combinations thereof or various components thereof may be examples of means for performing various aspects of the present disclosure as described herein. These components may be coupled (e.g., operatively, communicatively, functionally, electronically, electrically) via one or more interfaces.

[0093] The processor 502, the memory 504, the controller 506, or the transceiver 508, or various combinations or components thereof may be implemented in hardware (e.g., circuitry). The hardware may include a processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or other programmable logic device, or any combination thereof configured as or otherwise supporting a means for performing the functions described in the present disclosure.

[0094] The processor 502 may include an intelligent hardware device (e.g., a general-purpose processor, a DSP, a CPU, an ASIC, an FPGA, or any combination thereof). In some implementations, the processor 502 may be configured to operate the memory 504. In some other implementations, the memory 504 may be integrated into the processor 502. The processor 502 may be configured to execute computer-readable instructions stored in the memory 504 to cause the NE 500 to perform various functions of the present disclosure.

[0095] The memory 504 may include volatile or non-volatile memory. The memory 504 may store computer-readable, computer-executable code including instructions when executed by the processor 502 cause the NE 500 to perform various functions described herein. The code may be stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium such as the memory 504 or another type of memory. Computer-readable media includes both non-transitory computer storage media and communication media including any medium that facilitates transfer of a computer program from Attorney Docket No. SMM920230222-WO-PCTLenovo Docket No. SMM920230222-WO-PCT 28 one place to another. A non-transitory storage may be any available medium that may be accessed by a general-purpose or special-purpose computer.

[0096] In some implementations, the processor 502 and the memory 504 coupled with the processor 502 may be configured to cause the NE 500 to perform one or more of the functions described herein (e.g., executing, by the processor 502, instructions stored in the memory 504). For example, the processor 502 may support wireless communication at the NE 500 in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. The NE 500 may be configured to or operable to support a means for transmitting a set of one or more OFDM symbols, each OFDM symbol of the set of one or more OFDM symbols including a corresponding CP, wherein a length of the corresponding CP is based at least in part on at least a first subcarrier spacing configuration, and wherein the set of one or more OFDM symbols is based at least in part on a second subcarrier spacing configuration different than the first subcarrier spacing configuration.

[0097] Additionally, the NE 500 may be configured to or operable to support any one or combination of where the first subcarrier spacing configuration is based at least in part on a reference numerology; the reference numerology includes one or more of an indication of subcarrier spacing or a subcarrier spacing configuration parameter; transmitting, to a UE, a configuration that identifies one or more of a first set of slots or a first set of subframes for which the first subcarrier spacing configuration is applied; the configuration further includes an indication to use a different CP configuration to determine the CP length for one or more of a second set of slots or a second set of subframes; the one or more of the second set of slots or the second set of subframes is different than the one or more of the first set of slots or the first set of subframes.

[0098] Additionally, or alternatively, the NE 500 may support at least one memory (e.g., the memory 504) and at least one processor (e.g., the processor 502) coupled with the at least one memory and configured to cause the NE to transmit a set of one or more OFDM symbols, each OFDM symbol of the set of one or more OFDM symbols including a corresponding CP, wherein a length of the corresponding CP is based at least in part on at least a first subcarrier spacing configuration, and wherein the set of one or more OFDM symbols is based at least in part on a second subcarrier spacing configuration different than the first subcarrier spacing configuration. Attorney Docket No. SMM920230222-WO-PCTLenovo Docket No. SMM920230222-WO-PCT 29

[0099] Additionally, the NE 500 may be to support any one or combination of where the first subcarrier spacing configuration is based at least in part on a reference numerology; the reference numerology includes one or more of an indication of subcarrier spacing or a subcarrier spacing configuration parameter; the at least one processor is configured to cause the NE to transmit, to a UE, a configuration that identifies one or more of a first set of slots or a first set of subframes for which the first subcarrier spacing configuration is applied; the configuration further includes an indication to use a different CP configuration to determine the CP length for one or more of a second set of slots or a second set of subframes; the one or more of the second set of slots or the second set of subframes is different than the one or more of the first set of slots or the first set of subframes.

[0100] The controller 506 may manage input and output signals for the NE 500. The controller 506 may also manage peripherals not integrated into the NE 500. In some implementations, the controller 506 may utilize an operating system such as iOS®, ANDROID®, WINDOWS®, or other operating systems. In some implementations, the controller 506 may be implemented as part of the processor 502.

[0101] In some implementations, the NE 500 may include at least one transceiver 508. In some other implementations, the NE 500 may have more than one transceiver 508. The transceiver 508 may represent a wireless transceiver. The transceiver 508 may include one or more receiver chains 510, one or more transmitter chains 512, or a combination thereof.

[0102] A receiver chain 510 may be configured to receive signals (e.g., control information, data, packets) over a wireless medium. For example, the receiver chain 510 may include one or more antennas to receive a signal over the air or wireless medium. The receiver chain 510 may include at least one amplifier (e.g., a low-noise amplifier (LNA)) configured to amplify the received signal. The receiver chain 510 may include at least one demodulator configured to demodulate the receive signal and obtain the transmitted data by reversing the modulation technique applied during transmission of the signal. The receiver chain 510 may include at least one decoder for decoding the demodulated signal to receive the transmitted data.

[0103] A transmitter chain 512 may be configured to generate and transmit signals (e.g., control information, data, packets). The transmitter chain 512 may include at least one modulator for Attorney Docket No. SMM920230222-WO-PCTLenovo Docket No. SMM920230222-WO-PCT 30 modulating data onto a carrier signal, signal for transmission over a wireless medium. The at least one modulator may be configured to support one or more techniques such as amplitude modulation (AM), frequency modulation (FM), or digital modulation schemes like phase-shift keying (PSK) or quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM). The transmitter chain 512 may also include at least one power amplifier configured to amplify the modulated signal to an appropriate power level suitable for transmission over the wireless medium. The transmitter chain 512 may also include one or more antennas for transmitting the amplified signal into the air or wireless medium.

[0104] Figure 6 illustrates a flowchart of a method 600 in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The operations of the method may be implemented by a UE as described herein. In some implementations, the UE may execute a set of instructions to control the function elements of the UE to perform the described functions. It should be noted that the method described herein describes a possible implementation, and that the operations and the steps may be rearranged or otherwise modified and that other implementations are possible.

[0105] At 602, the method may include one or more of receiving or transmitting a set of one or more OFDM symbols, each OFDM symbol of the set of one or more OFDM symbols including a corresponding CP, wherein a length of the corresponding CP is based at least in part on at least a first subcarrier spacing configuration, and wherein the set of one or more OFDM symbols is based at least in part on a second subcarrier spacing configuration different than the first subcarrier spacing configuration. The operations of 602 may be performed in accordance with examples as described herein. In some implementations, aspects of the operations of 602 may be performed by a UE as described with reference to Figure 3.

[0106] At 604, the method may include basing a subcarrier spacing of the one or more OFDM symbols including a CP on the second subcarrier spacing configuration. The operations of 604 may be performed in accordance with examples as described herein. In some implementations, aspects of the operations of 604 may be performed by a UE as described with reference to Figure 3.

[0107] Figure 7 illustrates a flowchart of a method 700 in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The operations of the method may be implemented by a NE (e.g., a base station) as described herein. In some implementations, the NE may execute a set of instructions to control the function elements of the NE to perform the described functions. It should be noted that the Attorney Docket No. SMM920230222-WO-PCTLenovo Docket No. SMM920230222-WO-PCT 31 method described herein describes a possible and that the operations and the steps may be rearranged or otherwise modified and that other implementations are possible.

[0108] At 702, the method may include generating a set of one or more OFDM symbols. The operations of 702 may be performed in accordance with examples as described herein. In some implementations, aspects of the operations of 702 may be performed by a NE as described with reference to Figure 5.

[0109] At 704, the method may include transmitting the set of one or more OFDM symbols, each OFDM symbol of the set of one or more OFDM symbols including a corresponding CP, wherein a length of the corresponding CP is based at least in part on at least a first subcarrier spacing configuration, and wherein the set of one or more OFDM symbols is based at least in part on a second subcarrier spacing configuration different than the first subcarrier spacing configuration. The operations of 704 may be performed in accordance with examples as described herein. In some implementations, aspects of the operations of 704 may be performed by a NE as described with reference to Figure 5.

[0110] The description herein is provided to enable a person having ordinary skill in the art to make or use the disclosure. Various modifications to the disclosure will be apparent to a person having ordinary skill in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other variations without departing from the scope of the disclosure. Thus, the disclosure is not limited to the examples and designs described herein but is to be accorded the broadest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein. Attorney Docket No. SMM920230222-WO-PCT

Claims

Lenovo Docket No. SMM920230222-WO-PCT 32 What is claimed is:

1. A user equipment (UE) for wireless communication, comprising: at least one memory; and at least one processor coupled with the at least one memory and configured to cause the UE to: one or more of receive or transmit a set of one or more Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) symbols, each OFDM symbol of the set of one or more OFDM symbols including a corresponding cyclic prefix (CP), wherein a length of the corresponding CP is based at least in part on at least a first subcarrier spacing configuration, and wherein the set of one or more OFDM symbols is based at least in part on a second subcarrier spacing configuration different than the first subcarrier spacing configuration.

2. The UE of claim 1, wherein the UE is configured with the second subcarrier spacing configuration, and wherein the at least one processor is configured to cause the UE to: base a subcarrier spacing of the set of one or more OFDM symbols including a CP on the second subcarrier spacing configuration.

3. The UE of claim 2, wherein the at least one processor is configured to cause the UE to: determine a number of symbols per slot of the set of one or more OFDM symbols based at least in part on the first subcarrier spacing configuration and the second subcarrier spacing configuration.

4. The UE of claim 1, wherein the at least one processor is configured to cause the UE to: receive, from a network equipment (NE), the first subcarrier spacing configuration. Attorney Docket No. SMM920230222-WO-PCTLenovo Docket No. SMM920230222-WO-PCT 33 5. The UE of claim 4, wherein subcarrier spacing configuration is based at least in part on a reference numerology.

6. The UE of claim 5, wherein the reference numerology comprises one or more of an indication of subcarrier spacing or a subcarrier spacing configuration parameter.

7. The UE of claim 1, wherein a configuration identifies one or more of a first set of slots or a first set of subframes for which the first subcarrier spacing configuration is applied, and the at least one processor is configured to cause the UE to: use the first subcarrier spacing configuration to determine a CP length for the one or more of the first set of slots or the first set of subframes, and use a different subcarrier spacing configuration to determine a CP length for one or more of a second set of slots or a second set of subframes.

8. The UE of claim 7, wherein the at least one processor is configured to cause the UE to: receive, from a network equipment (NE), the configuration that identifies one or more of a first set of slots or a first set of subframes for which the first subcarrier spacing configuration is applied, and wherein the one or more of the second set of slots or the second set of subframes is different than the one or more of the first set of slots or the first set of subframes.

9. A network equipment (NE) for wireless communication, comprising: at least one memory; and at least one processor coupled with the at least one memory and configured to cause the NE to: transmit a set of one or more Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) symbols, each OFDM symbol of the set of one or more OFDM symbols including a corresponding cyclic prefix (CP), wherein a length of the corresponding CP is based at least in part on at least a first subcarrier spacing configuration, and wherein the set of one or more OFDM symbols is based at least in part on a second subcarrier spacing configuration different than the first subcarrier spacing configuration. Attorney Docket No. SMM920230222-WO-PCTLenovo Docket No. SMM920230222-WO-PCT 34 10. The NE of claim 9, wherein the subcarrier spacing configuration is based at least in part on a reference numerology.

11. The NE of claim 10, wherein the reference numerology comprises one or more of an indication of subcarrier spacing or a subcarrier spacing configuration parameter.

12. The NE of claim 9, wherein the at least one processor is configured to cause the NE to: transmit, to a user equipment (UE), a configuration that identifies one or more of a first set of slots or a first set of subframes for which the first subcarrier spacing configuration is applied.

13. The NE of claim 12, wherein the configuration further comprises an indication to use a different CP configuration to determine the CP length for one or more of a second set of slots or a second set of subframes.

14. The NE of claim 13, wherein the one or more of the second set of slots or the second set of subframes is different than the one or more of the first set of slots or the first set of subframes.

15. A method performed by a user equipment (UE), the method comprising: one or more of receiving or transmitting a set of one or more Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) symbols, each OFDM symbol of the set of one or more OFDM symbols including a corresponding cyclic prefix (CP), wherein a length of the corresponding CP is based at least in part on at least a first subcarrier spacing configuration, and wherein the set of one or more OFDM symbols is based at least in part on a second subcarrier spacing configuration different than the first subcarrier spacing configuration.

16. The method of claim 15, wherein the UE is configured with the second subcarrier spacing configuration, and wherein the method further comprises basing a subcarrier spacing of the set of one or more OFDM symbols including a CP on the second subcarrier spacing configuration. Attorney Docket No. SMM920230222-WO-PCTLenovo Docket No. SMM920230222-WO-PCT 35 17. The method of claim 16, determining a number of symbols per slot of the set of one or more OFDM symbols based at least in part on the first subcarrier spacing configuration and the second subcarrier spacing configuration.

18. method performed by a network equipment, the method comprising: transmitting a set of one or more Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) symbols, each OFDM symbol of the set of one or more OFDM symbols including a corresponding cyclic prefix (CP), wherein a length of the corresponding CP is based at least in part on at least a first subcarrier spacing configuration, and wherein the set of one or more OFDM symbols is based at least in part on a second subcarrier spacing configuration different than the first subcarrier spacing configuration.

19. The method of claim 18, wherein the first subcarrier spacing configuration is based at least in part on a reference numerology.

20. The method of claim 19, wherein the reference numerology comprises one or more of an indication of subcarrier spacing. Attorney Docket No. SMM920230222-WO-PCT

Images