Compressed sensing-based access for ambient internet-of-things devices
A compressed sensing-based access procedure for A-IoT devices addresses the inefficiencies in existing systems by using a reduced-size RAR message with a joint configuration for multiple tags, enhancing system efficiency and reducing complexity.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- PCT/CN2024/073207
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-01-19
- Publication Date
- 2025-07-24
AI Technical Summary
Existing wireless communication systems lack efficient compressed sensing-based access procedures for ambient Internet-of-Things (A-IoT) devices, leading to lengthy RAR messages that are difficult for A-IoT devices to process due to large preamble index lengths and quantities, which increases complexity and reduces system efficiency.
Implement a compressed sensing-based access procedure for A-IoT devices, where electronic tags receive a query command indicating a codebook configuration, transmit a random access preamble, and receive a modified RAR message with reduced size to support efficient system operations, including a joint configuration for multiple tags with a single uplink grant.
The solution reduces complexity and increases efficiency for A-IoT devices by using a reduced-size RAR message with a joint configuration for multiple tags, allowing simultaneous access and minimizing signaling costs.
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Figure CN2024073207_24072025_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
COMPRESSED SENSING-BASED ACCESS FOR AMBIENT INTERNET-OF-THINGS DEVICES
[0001] FIELD OF TECHNOLOGY
[0002] The following relates to wireless communications, including compressed sensing-based access for ambient Internet-of-Things (A-IoT) devices.BACKGROUND
[0003] Wireless communications systems are widely deployed to provide various types of communication content such as voice, video, packet data, messaging, broadcast, and so on. These systems may be capable of supporting communication with multiple users by sharing the available system resources (e.g., time, frequency, and power) . Examples of such multiple-access systems include fourth generation (4G) systems such as Long Term Evolution (LTE) systems, LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) systems, or LTE-A Pro systems, and fifth generation (5G) systems which may be referred to as New Radio (NR) systems. These systems may employ technologies such as code division multiple access (CDMA) , time division multiple access (TDMA) , frequency division multiple access (FDMA) , orthogonal FDMA (OFDMA) , or discrete Fourier transform spread orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (DFT-S-OFDM) . A wireless multiple-access communications system may include one or more base stations, each supporting wireless communication for communication devices, which may be known as user equipment (UE) .SUMMARY
[0004] The described techniques relate to improved methods, systems, devices, and apparatuses that support compressed sensing-based access for ambient Internet-of-Things (A-IoT) devices. For example, the described techniques provide for a compressed sensing-based access procedure for wireless communication devices, including A-IoT devices, electronic tags, and readers. An electronic tag (e.g., a first wireless communication device) may receive, from a reader (e.g., a second wireless communication device) , a query command indicating a codebook configuration associated with the compressed sensing-based access procedure. In response to the query command, the tag may transmit a random access message to the reader including a random access preamble. The random access preamble may be from a codebook according to the codebook configuration. Based on the random access preamble (e.g., in response to transmitting the random access preamble) , the electronic tag may receive a random access response (RAR) message (e.g., Msg2) from the reader. The RAR message may include an uplink grant for the tag, and the RAR message may be modified in various ways to enhance system efficiency. Based on the RAR message, the tag may transmit either an identifier associated with the tag or both the identifier and a data payload. The RAR message may be a reduced size for compressed sensing-based access. For example, the wireless communications system may support a relatively reduced indication size of preamble indices (associated with the random access preamble) and a joint configuration applicable to multiple tags such that the reader may transmit a single uplink grant for the multiple tags.
[0005] A method for wireless communications by a first wireless communication device is described. The method may include receiving, from a second wireless communication device, a query command indicating a codebook configuration associated with a compressed sensing-based access procedure, transmitting, to the second wireless communication device and in response to the query command, a random access message including a random access preamble, where the random access preamble is from a codebook in accordance with the codebook configuration, receiving, from the second wireless communication device, a RAR message based on the random access preamble, and transmitting, to the second wireless communication device, a message including an ID associated with the wireless communication device or both the ID and a data payload, where the message is transmitted based on receiving the RAR message.
[0006] A first wireless communication device for wireless communications is described. The first wireless communication device may include one or more memories storing processor executable code, and one or more processors coupled with the one or more memories. The one or more processors may individually or collectively be operable to execute the code to cause the first wireless communication device to receive, from a second wireless communication device, a query command indicating a codebook configuration associated with a compressed sensing-based access procedure, transmit, to the second wireless communication device and in response to the query command, a random access message including a random access preamble, where the random access preamble is from a codebook in accordance with the codebook configuration, receive, from the second wireless communication device, a RAR message based on the random access preamble, and transmit, to the second wireless communication device, a message including an ID associated with the wireless communication device or both the ID and a data payload, where the message is transmitted based on receiving the RAR message.
[0007] Another first wireless communication device for wireless communications is described. The first wireless communication device may include means for receiving, from a second wireless communication device, a query command indicating a codebook configuration associated with a compressed sensing-based access procedure, means for transmitting, to the second wireless communication device and in response to the query command, a random access message including a random access preamble, where the random access preamble is from a codebook in accordance with the codebook configuration, means for receiving, from the second wireless communication device, a RAR message based on the random access preamble, and means for transmitting, to the second wireless communication device, a message including an ID associated with the wireless communication device or both the ID and a data payload, where the message is transmitted based on receiving the RAR message.
[0008] A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communications is described. The code may include instructions executable by one or more processors to receive, from a second wireless communication device, a query command indicating a codebook configuration associated with a compressed sensing-based access procedure, transmit, to the second wireless communication device and in response to the query command, a random access message including a random access preamble, where the random access preamble is from a codebook in accordance with the codebook configuration, receive, from the second wireless communication device, a RAR message based on the random access preamble, and transmit, to the second wireless communication device, a message including an ID associated with the wireless communication device or both the ID and a data payload, where the message is transmitted based on receiving the RAR message.
[0009] In some examples of the method, first wireless communication devices, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, receiving the RAR message may include operations, features, means, or instructions for receiving the RAR message including an uplink grant associated with the wireless communication device, where the message may be transmitted in accordance with the uplink grant.
[0010] In some examples of the method, first wireless communication devices, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, receiving the RAR message may include operations, features, means, or instructions for receiving the RAR message including an uplink grant of a set of multiple uplink grants, each uplink grant of the set of multiple uplink grants corresponding to a group of wireless communication devices, where the message may be transmitted in accordance with the uplink grant.
[0011] Some examples of the method, first wireless communication devices, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for receiving an additional RAR message including the uplink grant of the set of multiple uplink grants, the additional RAR message received based on the random access preamble and transmitting, to the second wireless communication device, a second message including the ID or both the ID and a second data payload, where the second message may be transmitted based on receiving the additional RAR message.
[0012] In some examples of the method, first wireless communication devices, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, receiving the RAR message may include operations, features, means, or instructions for receiving the RAR message including an indication of a group resource and a set of multiple random access preamble indices, the group resource including a set of multiple resources associated with a set of multiple first wireless communication devices including the first wireless communication device, where the set of multiple random access preamble indices may be associated with each wireless communication device of the set of multiple first wireless communication devices.
[0013] In some examples of the method, first wireless communication devices, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, the RAR message includes an uplink grant for the group resource.
[0014] Some examples of the method, first wireless communication devices, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for determining an order of a random access preamble index associated with the random access preamble and the wireless communication device and identifying, from the group resource, a set of resources that may be associated with the wireless communication device based on the order, where the message may be transmitted via the set of resources.
[0015] In some examples of the method, first wireless communication devices, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, the indication of the group resource includes an indication of a starting time of the group resource and a time-domain increment between each resource of the set of multiple resources and the starting time and the time-domain increment may be based on time-division multiplexed (TDMed) communications between the wireless communication device and the second wireless communication device.
[0016] In some examples of the method, first wireless communication devices, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, the indication of the group resource further includes an indication of a quantity of frequency shifts within a slot, a starting frequency shift of the group resource, and a frequency-domain increment between each resource of the set of multiple resources and quantity of frequency shifts, the starting frequency shift and the frequency-domain increment may be based on both frequency-division multiplexed (FDMed) and TDMed communications between the wireless communication device and the second wireless communication device.
[0017] In some examples of the method, first wireless communication devices, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, the indication of the group resource includes an indication of a starting frequency shift of the group resource and a frequency-domain increment between each resource of the set of multiple resources and the starting frequency shift and the frequency-domain increment may be based on FDMed communications between the wireless communication device and the second wireless communication device.
[0018] In some examples of the method, first wireless communication devices, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, the indication of the group resource includes an indication of a starting codeword index and a codeword index increment for each resource of the set of multiple resources and the starting codeword index and the codeword index increment may be based on code-division multiplexed (CDMed) communications between the wireless communication device and the second wireless communication device.
[0019] Some examples of the method, first wireless communication devices, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for selecting the random access preamble from the codebook including a set of multiple random access preambles in accordance with the codebook configuration, the set of multiple random access preambles being associated with respective device capabilities, where the random access preamble may be selected based on a device capability associated with the wireless communication device or both the device capability and the data payload.
[0020] In some examples of the method, first wireless communication devices, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, receiving the RAR message may include operations, features, means, or instructions for receiving the RAR message including an indication of an uplink grant for a set of resources based on the random access preamble, where the set of resources includes a first resource for the ID and a second resource for the data payload, the message transmitted via the first resource and the second resource.
[0021] In some examples of the method, first wireless communication devices, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, receiving the RAR message may include operations, features, means, or instructions for receiving the RAR message including an indication of one or more partial bits of a random access preamble index and respective positions of the one or more partial bits, the random access preamble index corresponding to the random access preamble, where one or more resources for the message may be based on the one or more partial bits and the respective positions of the one or more partial bits.
[0022] In some examples of the method, first wireless communication devices, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, receiving the RAR message may include operations, features, means, or instructions for receiving the RAR message including an indication of one or more check bits of a random access preamble index associated with the random access preamble.
[0023] In some examples of the method, first wireless communication devices, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, receiving the RAR message may include operations, features, means, or instructions for receiving the RAR message including an indication of a set of bits associated with a random access preamble index corresponding to the random access preamble, the set of bits indicated via a set of multiple layers of bits, where one or more resources for the message may be based on the set of bits.
[0024] A method for wireless communications by a second wireless communication device is described. The method may include transmitting, to one or more first wireless communication devices, a query command indicating a codebook configuration associated with a compressed sensing-based access procedure, receiving, from a first wireless communication device of the one or more first wireless communication devices and in response to the query command, a random access message including a random access preamble, where the random access preamble is from a codebook in accordance with the codebook configuration, transmitting, to the first wireless communication device, a RAR message based on the random access preamble, and receiving, from the first wireless communication device, a message including an ID associated with the first wireless communication device or both the ID and a data payload, where the message is received based on transmitting the RAR message.
[0025] A second wireless communication device for wireless communications is described. The second wireless communication device may include one or more memories storing processor executable code, and one or more processors coupled with the one or more memories. The one or more processors may individually or collectively be operable to execute the code to cause the second wireless communication device to transmit, to one or more first wireless communication devices, a query command indicating a codebook configuration associated with a compressed sensing-based access procedure, receive, from a first wireless communication device of the one or more first wireless communication devices and in response to the query command, a random access message including a random access preamble, where the random access preamble is from a codebook in accordance with the codebook configuration, transmit, to the first wireless communication device, a RAR message based on the random access preamble, and receive, from the first wireless communication device, a message including an ID associated with the first wireless communication device or both the ID and a data payload, where the message is received based on transmitting the RAR message.
[0026] Another second wireless communication device for wireless communications is described. The second wireless communication device may include means for transmitting, to one or more first wireless communication devices, a query command indicating a codebook configuration associated with a compressed sensing-based access procedure, means for receiving, from a first wireless communication device of the one or more first wireless communication devices and in response to the query command, a random access message including a random access preamble, where the random access preamble is from a codebook in accordance with the codebook configuration, means for transmitting, to the first wireless communication device, a RAR message based on the random access preamble, and means for receiving, from the first wireless communication device, a message including an ID associated with the first wireless communication device or both the ID and a data payload, where the message is received based on transmitting the RAR message.
[0027] A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communications is described. The code may include instructions executable by one or more processors to transmit, to one or more first wireless communication devices, a query command indicating a codebook configuration associated with a compressed sensing-based access procedure, receive, from a first wireless communication device of the one or more first wireless communication devices and in response to the query command, a random access message including a random access preamble, where the random access preamble is from a codebook in accordance with the codebook configuration, transmit, to the first wireless communication device, a RAR message based on the random access preamble, and receive, from the first wireless communication device, a message including an ID associated with the first wireless communication device or both the ID and a data payload, where the message is received based on transmitting the RAR message.
[0028] Some examples of the method, second wireless communication devices, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for transmitting a second query command to a third wireless communication device of the one or more wireless communication devices based on failing to receive a second random access preamble from the second wireless communication device.
[0029] In some examples of the method, second wireless communication devices, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, transmitting the RAR message may include operations, features, means, or instructions for transmitting the RAR message including an uplink grant associated with the first wireless communication device, where the message may be in accordance with the uplink grant.
[0030] In some examples of the method, second wireless communication devices, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, transmitting the RAR message may include operations, features, means, or instructions for transmitting the RAR message including a set of multiple uplink grants, each uplink grant of the set of multiple uplink grants corresponding to a group of wireless communication devices, where the message may be received in accordance with the set of multiple uplink grants.
[0031] Some examples of the method, second wireless communication devices, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for transmitting an additional RAR message including an uplink grant of the set of multiple uplink grants and receiving, from the first wireless communication device, a second message including the ID or both a second data payload and the ID, where the second message may be received based on receiving the additional RAR message.
[0032] In some examples of the method, second wireless communication devices, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, transmitting the RAR message may include operations, features, means, or instructions for transmitting the RAR message including an indication of a group resource and a set of multiple random access preamble indices, the group resource including a set of multiple resources associated with a set of multiple first wireless communication devices including the first wireless communication device, where the set of multiple random access preamble indices may be associated with each wireless communication device of the set of multiple first wireless communication devices.
[0033] In some examples of the method, second wireless communication devices, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, the RAR message includes an uplink grant for the group resource.
[0034] In some examples of the method, second wireless communication devices, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, the indication of the group resource includes an indication of a starting time of the group resource and a time-domain increment between each resource of the set of multiple resources and the starting time and the time-domain increment may be based on TDMed communications between the first wireless communication device and the second wireless communication device.
[0035] In some examples of the method, second wireless communication devices, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, the indication of the group resource further includes an indication of a quantity of frequency shifts within a slot, a starting frequency shift of the group resource, and a frequency-domain increment between each resource of the set of multiple resources and the quantity of frequency shifts, the starting frequency shift, and the frequency-domain increment may be based on FDMed and TDMed communications between the first wireless communication device and the second wireless communication device.
[0036] In some examples of the method, second wireless communication devices, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, the indication of the group resource includes an indication of a starting frequency shift of the group resource and a frequency-domain increment between each resource of the set of multiple resources and the starting frequency shift and the frequency-domain increment may be based on FDMed communications between the first wireless communication device and the second wireless communication device.
[0037] In some examples of the method, second wireless communication devices, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, the indication of the group resource includes an indication of a starting codeword index and a codeword index increment for each resource of the set of multiple resources and the starting codeword index and the codeword index increment may be based on CDMed communications between the first wireless communication device and the second wireless communication device.
[0038] In some examples of the method, second wireless communication devices, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, the random access preamble may be from the codebook including a set of multiple random access preambles in accordance with the codebook configuration, the set of multiple random access preambles being associated with respective device capabilities and the random access preamble may be based on a device capability associated with the first wireless communication device or both the device capability and the data payload.
[0039] In some examples of the method, second wireless communication devices, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, transmitting the RAR message may include operations, features, means, or instructions for transmitting the RAR message including an indication of an uplink grant for a set of resources based on the random access preamble, where the set of resources includes a first resource for the ID and a second resource for the data payload, the message transmitted via the first resource and the second resource.
[0040] In some examples of the method, second wireless communication devices, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, transmitting the RAR message including the random access preamble may include operations, features, means, or instructions for transmitting the RAR message including an indication of one or more partial bits of a random access preamble index and respective positions of the one or more partial bits, the random access preamble index corresponding to the random access preamble, where one or more resources for the message may be based on the one or more partial bits and the respective positions of the one or more partial bits.
[0041] In some examples of the method, second wireless communication devices, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, transmitting the RAR message including the random access preamble may include operations, features, means, or instructions for transmitting the RAR message including an indication of one or more check bits of a random access preamble index associated with the random access preamble.
[0042] In some examples of the method, second wireless communication devices, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, transmitting the RAR message including the random access preamble may include operations, features, means, or instructions for transmitting the RAR message including an indication of a set of bits associated with a random access preamble index corresponding to the random access preamble, the set of bits indicated via two a set of multiple layers of bits, where one or more resources for the message may be based on the set of bits.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0043] FIG. 1 shows an example of a wireless communications system that supports compressed sensing-based access for ambient Internet-of-Things (A-IoT) devices in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure.
[0044] FIG. 2 shows an example of a process flow that supports compressed sensing-based access for A-IoT devices in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure.
[0045] FIG. 3 shows an example of a query command transmission scheme that supports compressed sensing-based access for A-IoT devices in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure.
[0046] FIGs. 4 and 5 show examples of process flows that support compressed sensing-based access for A-IoT devices in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure.
[0047] FIG. 6 shows an example of a random access response (RAR) message format that supports compressed sensing-based access for A-IoT devices in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure.
[0048] FIG. 7 shows an example of a multi-layer indication that supports compressed sensing-based access for A-IoT devices in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure.
[0049] FIGs. 8 and 9 show block diagrams of devices that support compressed sensing-based access for A-IoT devices in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure.
[0050] FIG. 10 shows a block diagram of a communications manager that supports compressed sensing-based access for A-IoT devices in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure.
[0051] FIG. 11 shows a diagram of a system including a device that supports compressed sensing-based access for A-IoT devices in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure.
[0052] FIGs. 12 and 13 show block diagrams of devices that support compressed sensing-based access for A-IoT devices in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure.
[0053] FIG. 14 shows a block diagram of a communications manager that supports compressed sensing-based access for A-IoT devices in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure.
[0054] FIG. 15 shows a diagram of a system including a device that supports compressed sensing-based access for A-IoT devices in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure.
[0055] FIGs. 16 through 21 show flowcharts illustrating methods that support compressed sensing-based access for A-IoT devices in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure.DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0056] Passive radio frequency identification (RFID) devices (e.g., electronic tags) may communicate by relying on energy harvesting and backscattered communications. Some wireless communications systems may include a reader (e.g., reader wireless device) and one or more electronic or passive tags, which may also be referred to herein as ambient Internet of Things (A-IoT) devices.
[0057] To achieve access to a network, a wireless device, such as a user equipment (UE) , may use random access procedures (e.g., two-or four-step random access procedures) initiated by the UE. For example, during a four-step random access procedure, a UE may transmit a random access preamble to a network entity and the network entity may respond to the UE by transmitting a random access response (RAR) message. Following the RAR message, the UE may transmit a scheduled transmission and the network entity may transmit one or more messages for contention resolution. In addition to two-and four-step random access procedures, some wireless devices may support different types of access procedures, including compressed sensing-based access procedures. Multiple users may perform compressed sensing-based access procedures simultaneously, and therefore may also be performed by A-IoT devices. However, procedures (e.g., mimicking the four-step random access procedure) for such compressed sensing-based access for A-IoT devices may be lacking.
[0058] In addition, an RAR message (e.g., Msg 2) in a four-step random access procedure may configure an uplink grant for one or more random access preambles detected by a network entity (where UEs may transmit the random access preambles via random access messages) . However, reusing such an RAR message for compressed-sensing based access may result in an indication that may be relatively too long for A-IoT devices (such as tags) to process. In some examples, preamble index lengths and quantities of preambles may be larger for compressed sensing-based access than other NR random access procedures. For example, if there are 200 random access preambles (e.g., compressed sensing preambles) , the compressed sensing preamble length may be equal to [log2200] = 8 bits. If a reader simultaneously detected 20 compressed sensing preambles transmitted simultaneously, then a total cost or length of a preamble index included in the RAR message may be 160 bits. As such, an indication of detected preamble indices and the indication of uplink grants for multiple tags may be too long for such tags (e.g., A-IoT devices) . As such, an RAR message in a compressed sensing-based access procedure may be designed with a smaller size to reduce signaling costs for A-IoT devices.
[0059] The techniques described herein support a compressed sensing-based access procedure for wireless communication devices, including A-IoT devices, electronic tags, and readers. An electronic tag (e.g., a first wireless communication device) may receive, from a reader (e.g., a second wireless communication device) , a query command indicating a codebook configuration associated with the compressed sensing-based access procedure. In response to the query command, the tag may transmit a random access message to the reader including a random access preamble. The random access preamble may be from a codebook according to the codebook configuration. Based on the random access preamble, the electronic tag may receive an RAR message (e.g., Msg2) from the reader. The RAR message may include an uplink grant for the tag, and the RAR message may be modified in various ways to enhance system efficiency. Based on the RAR message, the tag may transmit either an identifier associated with the tag or both the identifier and a data payload.
[0060] In some implementations, the RAR message may be a reduced size for compressed sensing-based access. For example, the wireless communications system may support a reduced indication size of preamble indices (associated with the random access preamble) and a joint configuration applicable to multiple tags such that the reader may transmit a single uplink grant for the multiple tags. Such a compressed sensing-based access procedures may reduce complexity and increase efficiency for A-IoT devices.
[0061] Aspects of the disclosure are initially described in the context of wireless communications systems. Aspects of the disclosure are then described in the context of process flows, query command transmission schemes, RAR message formats, and multi-layer indications. Aspects of the disclosure are further illustrated by and described with reference to apparatus diagrams, system diagrams, and flowcharts that relate to compressed sensing-based access for ambient internet of things devices.
[0062] FIG. 1 shows an example of a wireless communications system 100 that supports compressed sensing-based access for ambient internet of things devices in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The wireless communications system 100 may include one or more network entities 105, one or more UEs 115, and a core network 130. In some examples, the wireless communications system 100 may be a Long Term Evolution (LTE) network, an LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) network, an LTE-A Pro network, a New Radio (NR) network, or a network operating in accordance with other systems and radio technologies, including future systems and radio technologies not explicitly mentioned herein.
[0063] The network entities 105 may be dispersed throughout a geographic area to form the wireless communications system 100 and may include devices in different forms or having different capabilities. In various examples, a network entity 105 may be referred to as a network element, a mobility element, a radio access network (RAN) node, or network equipment, among other nomenclature. In some examples, network entities 105 and UEs 115 may wirelessly communicate via one or more communication links 125 (e.g., a radio frequency (RF) access link) . For example, a network entity 105 may support a coverage area 110 (e.g., a geographic coverage area) over which the UEs 115 and the network entity 105 may establish one or more communication links 125. The coverage area 110 may be an example of a geographic area over which a network entity 105 and a UE 115 may support the communication of signals according to one or more radio access technologies (RATs) .
[0064] The UEs 115 may be dispersed throughout a coverage area 110 of the wireless communications system 100, and each UE 115 may be stationary, or mobile, or both at different times. The UEs 115 may be devices in different forms or having different capabilities. Some example UEs 115 are illustrated in FIG. 1. The UEs 115 described herein may be capable of supporting communications with various types of devices, such as other UEs 115 or network entities 105, as shown in FIG. 1.
[0065] As described herein, a node of the wireless communications system 100, which may be referred to as a network node, or a wireless node, may be a network entity 105 (e.g., any network entity described herein) , a UE 115 (e.g., any UE described herein) , a network controller, an apparatus, a device, a computing system, one or more components, or another suitable processing entity configured to perform any of the techniques described herein. For example, a node may be a UE 115. As another example, a node may be a network entity 105. As another example, a first node may be configured to communicate with a second node or a third node. In one aspect of this example, the first node may be a UE 115, the second node may be a network entity 105, and the third node may be a UE 115. In another aspect of this example, the first node may be a UE 115, the second node may be a network entity 105, and the third node may be a network entity 105. In yet other aspects of this example, the first, second, and third nodes may be different relative to these examples. Similarly, reference to a UE 115, network entity 105, apparatus, device, computing system, or the like may include disclosure of the UE 115, network entity 105, apparatus, device, computing system, or the like being a node. For example, disclosure that a UE 115 is configured to receive information from a network entity 105 also discloses that a first node is configured to receive information from a second node.
[0066] In some examples, network entities 105 may communicate with the core network 130, or with one another, or both. For example, network entities 105 may communicate with the core network 130 via one or more backhaul communication links 120 (e.g., in accordance with an S1, N2, N3, or other interface protocol) . In some examples, network entities 105 may communicate with one another via a backhaul communication link 120 (e.g., in accordance with an X2, Xn, or other interface protocol) either directly (e.g., directly between network entities 105) or indirectly (e.g., via a core network 130) . In some examples, network entities 105 may communicate with one another via a midhaul communication link 162 (e.g., in accordance with a midhaul interface protocol) or a fronthaul communication link 168 (e.g., in accordance with a fronthaul interface protocol) , or any combination thereof. The backhaul communication links 120, midhaul communication links 162, or fronthaul communication links 168 may be or include one or more wired links (e.g., an electrical link, an optical fiber link) , one or more wireless links (e.g., a radio link, a wireless optical link) , among other examples or various combinations thereof. A UE 115 may communicate with the core network 130 via a communication link 155.
[0067] One or more of the network entities 105 described herein may include or may be referred to as a base station 140 (e.g., a base transceiver station, a radio base station, an NR base station, an access point, a radio transceiver, a NodeB, an eNodeB (eNB) , a next-generation NodeB or a giga-NodeB (either of which may be referred to as a gNB) , a 5G NB, a next-generation eNB (ng-eNB) , a Home NodeB, a Home eNodeB, or other suitable terminology) . In some examples, a network entity 105 (e.g., a base station 140) may be implemented in an aggregated (e.g., monolithic, standalone) base station architecture, which may be configured to utilize a protocol stack that is physically or logically integrated within a single network entity 105 (e.g., a single RAN node, such as a base station 140) .
[0068] In some examples, a network entity 105 may be implemented in a disaggregated architecture (e.g., a disaggregated base station architecture, a disaggregated RAN architecture) , which may be configured to utilize a protocol stack that is physically or logically distributed among two or more network entities 105, such as an integrated access backhaul (IAB) network, an open RAN (O-RAN) (e.g., a network configuration sponsored by the O-RAN Alliance) , or a virtualized RAN (vRAN) (e.g., a cloud RAN (C-RAN) ) . For example, a network entity 105 may include one or more of a central unit (CU) 160, a distributed unit (DU) 165, a radio unit (RU) 170, a RAN Intelligent Controller (RIC) 175 (e.g., a Near-Real Time RIC (Near-RT RIC) , a Non-Real Time RIC (Non-RT RIC) ) , a Service Management and Orchestration (SMO) 180 system, or any combination thereof. An RU 170 may also be referred to as a radio head, a smart radio head, a remote radio head (RRH) , a remote radio unit (RRU) , or a transmission reception point (TRP) . One or more components of the network entities 105 in a disaggregated RAN architecture may be co-located, or one or more components of the network entities 105 may be located in distributed locations (e.g., separate physical locations) . In some examples, one or more network entities 105 of a disaggregated RAN architecture may be implemented as virtual units (e.g., a virtual CU (VCU) , a virtual DU (VDU) , a virtual RU (VRU) ) .
[0069] The split of functionality between a CU 160, a DU 165, and an RU 170 is flexible and may support different functionalities depending on which functions (e.g., network layer functions, protocol layer functions, baseband functions, RF functions, and any combinations thereof) are performed at a CU 160, a DU 165, or an RU 170. For example, a functional split of a protocol stack may be employed between a CU 160 and a DU 165 such that the CU 160 may support one or more layers of the protocol stack and the DU 165 may support one or more different layers of the protocol stack. In some examples, the CU 160 may host upper protocol layer (e.g., layer 3 (L3) , layer 2 (L2) ) functionality and signaling (e.g., Radio Resource Control (RRC) , service data adaption protocol (SDAP) , Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) ) . The CU 160 may be connected to one or more DUs 165 or RUs 170, and the one or more DUs 165 or RUs 170 may host lower protocol layers, such as layer 1 (L1) (e.g., physical (PHY) layer) or L2 (e.g., radio link control (RLC) layer, medium access control (MAC) layer) functionality and signaling, and may each be at least partially controlled by the CU 160. Additionally, or alternatively, a functional split of the protocol stack may be employed between a DU 165 and an RU 170 such that the DU 165 may support one or more layers of the protocol stack and the RU 170 may support one or more different layers of the protocol stack. The DU 165 may support one or multiple different cells (e.g., via one or more RUs 170) . In some cases, a functional split between a CU 160 and a DU 165, or between a DU 165 and an RU 170 may be within a protocol layer (e.g., some functions for a protocol layer may be performed by one of a CU 160, a DU 165, or an RU 170, while other functions of the protocol layer are performed by a different one of the CU 160, the DU 165, or the RU 170) . A CU 160 may be functionally split further into CU control plane (CU-CP) and CU user plane (CU-UP) functions. A CU 160 may be connected to one or more DUs 165 via a midhaul communication link 162 (e.g., F1, F1-c, F1-u) , and a DU 165 may be connected to one or more RUs 170 via a fronthaul communication link 168 (e.g., open fronthaul (FH) interface) . In some examples, a midhaul communication link 162 or a fronthaul communication link 168 may be implemented in accordance with an interface (e.g., a channel) between layers of a protocol stack supported by respective network entities 105 that are in communication via such communication links.
[0070] In wireless communications systems (e.g., wireless communications system 100) , infrastructure and spectral resources for radio access may support wireless backhaul link capabilities to supplement wired backhaul connections, providing an IAB network architecture (e.g., to a core network 130) . In some cases, in an IAB network, one or more network entities 105 (e.g., IAB nodes 104) may be partially controlled by each other. One or more IAB nodes 104 may be referred to as a donor entity or an IAB donor. One or more DUs 165 or one or more RUs 170 may be partially controlled by one or more CUs 160 associated with a donor network entity 105 (e.g., a donor base station 140) . The one or more donor network entities 105 (e.g., IAB donors) may be in communication with one or more additional network entities 105 (e.g., IAB nodes 104) via supported access and backhaul links (e.g., backhaul communication links 120) . IAB nodes 104 may include an IAB mobile termination (IAB-MT) controlled (e.g., scheduled) by DUs 165 of a coupled IAB donor. An IAB-MT may include an independent set of antennas for relay of communications with UEs 115, or may share the same antennas (e.g., of an RU 170) of an IAB node 104 used for access via the DU 165 of the IAB node 104 (e.g., referred to as virtual IAB-MT (vIAB-MT) ) . In some examples, the IAB nodes 104 may include DUs 165 that support communication links with additional entities (e.g., IAB nodes 104, UEs 115) within the relay chain or configuration of the access network (e.g., downstream) . In such cases, one or more components of the disaggregated RAN architecture (e.g., one or more IAB nodes 104 or components of IAB nodes 104) may be configured to operate according to the techniques described herein.
[0071] For instance, an access network (AN) or RAN may include communications between access nodes (e.g., an IAB donor) , IAB nodes 104, and one or more UEs 115. The IAB donor may facilitate connection between the core network 130 and the AN (e.g., via a wired or wireless connection to the core network 130) . That is, an IAB donor may refer to a RAN node with a wired or wireless connection to core network 130. The IAB donor may include a CU 160 and at least one DU 165 (e.g., and RU 170) , in which case the CU 160 may communicate with the core network 130 via an interface (e.g., a backhaul link) . IAB donor and IAB nodes 104 may communicate via an F1 interface according to a protocol that defines signaling messages (e.g., an F1 AP protocol) . Additionally, or alternatively, the CU 160 may communicate with the core network via an interface, which may be an example of a portion of backhaul link, and may communicate with other CUs 160 (e.g., a CU 160 associated with an alternative IAB donor) via an Xn-C interface, which may be an example of a portion of a backhaul link.
[0072] An IAB node 104 may refer to a RAN node that provides IAB functionality (e.g., access for UEs 115, wireless self-backhauling capabilities) . A DU 165 may act as a distributed scheduling node towards child nodes associated with the IAB node 104, and the IAB-MT may act as a scheduled node towards parent nodes associated with the IAB node 104. That is, an IAB donor may be referred to as a parent node in communication with one or more child nodes (e.g., an IAB donor may relay transmissions for UEs through one or more other IAB nodes 104) . Additionally, or alternatively, an IAB node 104 may also be referred to as a parent node or a child node to other IAB nodes 104, depending on the relay chain or configuration of the AN. Therefore, the IAB-MT entity of IAB nodes 104 may provide a Uu interface for a child IAB node 104 to receive signaling from a parent IAB node 104, and the DU interface (e.g., DUs 165) may provide a Uu interface for a parent IAB node 104 to signal to a child IAB node 104 or UE 115.
[0073] For example, IAB node 104 may be referred to as a parent node that supports communications for a child IAB node, or referred to as a child IAB node associated with an IAB donor, or both. The IAB donor may include a CU 160 with a wired or wireless connection (e.g., a backhaul communication link 120) to the core network 130 and may act as parent node to IAB nodes 104. For example, the DU 165 of IAB donor may relay transmissions to UEs 115 through IAB nodes 104, or may directly signal transmissions to a UE 115, or both. The CU 160 of IAB donor may signal communication link establishment via an F1 interface to IAB nodes 104, and the IAB nodes 104 may schedule transmissions (e.g., transmissions to the UEs 115 relayed from the IAB donor) through the DUs 165. That is, data may be relayed to and from IAB nodes 104 via signaling via an NR Uu interface to MT of the IAB node 104. Communications with IAB node 104 may be scheduled by a DU 165 of IAB donor and communications with IAB node 104 may be scheduled by DU 165 of IAB node 104.
[0074] In the case of the techniques described herein applied in the context of a disaggregated RAN architecture, one or more components of the disaggregated RAN architecture may be configured to support compressed sensing-based access for ambient internet of things devices as described herein. For example, some operations described as being performed by a UE 115 or a network entity 105 (e.g., a base station 140) may additionally, or alternatively, be performed by one or more components of the disaggregated RAN architecture (e.g., IAB nodes 104, DUs 165, CUs 160, RUs 170, RIC 175, SMO 180) .
[0075] A UE 115 may include or may be referred to as a mobile device, a wireless device, a remote device, a handheld device, or a subscriber device, or some other suitable terminology, where the “device” may also be referred to as a unit, a station, a terminal, or a client, among other examples. A UE 115 may also include or may be referred to as a personal electronic device such as a cellular phone, a personal digital assistant (PDA) , a tablet computer, a laptop computer, or a personal computer. In some examples, a UE 115 may include or be referred to as a wireless local loop (WLL) station, an Internet of Things (IoT) device, an Internet of Everything (IoE) device, or a machine type communications (MTC) device, among other examples, which may be implemented in various objects such as appliances, or vehicles, meters, among other examples.
[0076] The UEs 115 described herein may be able to communicate with various types of devices, such as other UEs 115 that may sometimes act as relays as well as the network entities 105 and the network equipment including macro eNBs or gNBs, small cell eNBs or gNBs, or relay base stations, among other examples, as shown in FIG. 1.
[0077] The UEs 115 and the network entities 105 may wirelessly communicate with one another via one or more communication links 125 (e.g., an access link) using resources associated with one or more carriers. The term “carrier” may refer to a set of RF spectrum resources having a defined physical layer structure for supporting the communication links 125. For example, a carrier used for a communication link 125 may include a portion of a RF spectrum band (e.g., a bandwidth part (BWP) ) that is operated according to one or more physical layer channels for a given radio access technology (e.g., LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, NR) . Each physical layer channel may carry acquisition signaling (e.g., synchronization signals, system information) , control signaling that coordinates operation for the carrier, user data, or other signaling. The wireless communications system 100 may support communication with a UE 115 using carrier aggregation or multi-carrier operation. A UE 115 may be configured with multiple downlink component carriers and one or more uplink component carriers according to a carrier aggregation configuration. Carrier aggregation may be used with both frequency division duplexing (FDD) and time division duplexing (TDD) component carriers. Communication between a network entity 105 and other devices may refer to communication between the devices and any portion (e.g., entity, sub-entity) of a network entity 105. For example, the terms “transmitting, ” “receiving, ” or “communicating, ” when referring to a network entity 105, may refer to any portion of a network entity 105 (e.g., a base station 140, a CU 160, a DU 165, a RU 170) of a RAN communicating with another device (e.g., directly or via one or more other network entities 105) .
[0078] Signal waveforms transmitted via a carrier may be made up of multiple subcarriers (e.g., using multi-carrier modulation (MCM) techniques such as orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) or discrete Fourier transform spread OFDM (DFT-S-OFDM) ) . In a system employing MCM techniques, a resource element may refer to resources of one symbol period (e.g., a duration of one modulation symbol) and one subcarrier, in which case the symbol period and subcarrier spacing may be inversely related. The quantity of bits carried by each resource element may depend on the modulation scheme (e.g., the order of the modulation scheme, the coding rate of the modulation scheme, or both) , such that a relatively higher quantity of resource elements (e.g., in a transmission duration) and a relatively higher order of a modulation scheme may correspond to a relatively higher rate of communication. A wireless communications resource may refer to a combination of an RF spectrum resource, a time resource, and a spatial resource (e.g., a spatial layer, a beam) , and the use of multiple spatial resources may increase the data rate or data integrity for communications with a UE 115.
[0079] One or more numerologies for a carrier may be supported, and a numerology may include a subcarrier spacing (Δf) and a cyclic prefix. A carrier may be divided into one or more BWPs having the same or different numerologies. In some examples, a UE 115 may be configured with multiple BWPs. In some examples, a single BWP for a carrier may be active at a given time and communications for the UE 115 may be restricted to one or more active BWPs.
[0080] The time intervals for the network entities 105 or the UEs 115 may be expressed in multiples of a basic time unit which may, for example, refer to a sampling period of Ts=1 / (Δfmax·Nf) seconds, for which Δfmax may represent a supported subcarrier spacing, and Nf may represent a supported discrete Fourier transform (DFT) size. Time intervals of a communications resource may be organized according to radio frames each having a specified duration (e.g., 10 milliseconds (ms) ) . Each radio frame may be identified by a system frame number (SFN) (e.g., ranging from 0 to 1023) .
[0081] Each frame may include multiple consecutively-numbered subframes or slots, and each subframe or slot may have the same duration. In some examples, a frame may be divided (e.g., in the time domain) into subframes, and each subframe may be further divided into a quantity of slots. Alternatively, each frame may include a variable quantity of slots, and the quantity of slots may depend on subcarrier spacing. Each slot may include a quantity of symbol periods (e.g., depending on the length of the cyclic prefix prepended to each symbol period) . In some wireless communications systems 100, a slot may further be divided into multiple mini-slots associated with one or more symbols. Excluding the cyclic prefix, each symbol period may be associated with one or more (e.g., Nf) sampling periods. The duration of a symbol period may depend on the subcarrier spacing or frequency band of operation.
[0082] A subframe, a slot, a mini-slot, or a symbol may be the smallest scheduling unit (e.g., in the time domain) of the wireless communications system 100 and may be referred to as a transmission time interval (TTI) . In some examples, the TTI duration (e.g., a quantity of symbol periods in a TTI) may be variable. Additionally, or alternatively, the smallest scheduling unit of the wireless communications system 100 may be dynamically selected (e.g., in bursts of shortened TTIs (sTTIs) ) .
[0083] Physical channels may be multiplexed for communication using a carrier according to various techniques. A physical control channel and a physical data channel may be multiplexed for signaling via a downlink carrier, for example, using one or more of time division multiplexing (TDM) techniques, frequency division multiplexing (FDM) techniques, or hybrid TDM-FDM techniques. A control region (e.g., a control resource set (CORESET) ) for a physical control channel may be defined by a set of symbol periods and may extend across the system bandwidth or a subset of the system bandwidth of the carrier. One or more control regions (e.g., CORESETs) may be configured for a set of the UEs 115. For example, one or more of the UEs 115 may monitor or search control regions for control information according to one or more search space sets, and each search space set may include one or multiple control channel candidates in one or more aggregation levels arranged in a cascaded manner. An aggregation level for a control channel candidate may refer to an amount of control channel resources (e.g., control channel elements (CCEs) ) associated with encoded information for a control information format having a given payload size. Search space sets may include common search space sets configured for sending control information to multiple UEs 115 and UE-specific search space sets for sending control information to a specific UE 115.
[0084] In some examples, a network entity 105 (e.g., a base station 140, an RU 170) may be movable and therefore provide communication coverage for a moving coverage area 110. In some examples, different coverage areas 110 associated with different technologies may overlap, but the different coverage areas 110 may be supported by the same network entity 105. In some other examples, the overlapping coverage areas 110 associated with different technologies may be supported by different network entities 105. The wireless communications system 100 may include, for example, a heterogeneous network in which different types of the network entities 105 provide coverage for various coverage areas 110 using the same or different radio access technologies.
[0085] The wireless communications system 100 may support synchronous or asynchronous operation. For synchronous operation, network entities 105 (e.g., base stations 140) may have similar frame timings, and transmissions from different network entities 105 may be approximately aligned in time. For asynchronous operation, network entities 105 may have different frame timings, and transmissions from different network entities 105 may, in some examples, not be aligned in time. The techniques described herein may be used for either synchronous or asynchronous operations.
[0086] Some UEs 115, such as MTC or IoT devices, may be low cost or low complexity devices and may provide for automated communication between machines (e.g., via Machine-to-Machine (M2M) communication) . M2M communication or MTC may refer to data communication technologies that allow devices to communicate with one another or a network entity 105 (e.g., a base station 140) without human intervention. In some examples, M2M communication or MTC may include communications from devices that integrate sensors or meters to measure or capture information and relay such information to a central server or application program that uses the information or presents the information to humans interacting with the application program. Some UEs 115 may be designed to collect information or enable automated behavior of machines or other devices. Examples of applications for MTC devices include smart metering, inventory monitoring, water level monitoring, equipment monitoring, healthcare monitoring, wildlife monitoring, weather and geological event monitoring, fleet management and tracking, remote security sensing, physical access control, and transaction-based business charging.
[0087] Some UEs 115 may be configured to employ operating modes that reduce power consumption, such as half-duplex communications (e.g., a mode that supports one-way communication via transmission or reception, but not transmission and reception concurrently) . In some examples, half-duplex communications may be performed at a reduced peak rate. Other power conservation techniques for the UEs 115 include entering a power saving deep sleep mode when not engaging in active communications, operating using a limited bandwidth (e.g., according to narrowband communications) , or a combination of these techniques. For example, some UEs 115 may be configured for operation using a narrowband protocol type that is associated with a defined portion or range (e.g., set of subcarriers or resource blocks (RBs) ) within a carrier, within a guard-band of a carrier, or outside of a carrier.
[0088] The wireless communications system 100 may be configured to support ultra-reliable communications or low-latency communications, or various combinations thereof. For example, the wireless communications system 100 may be configured to support ultra-reliable low-latency communications (URLLC) . The UEs 115 may be designed to support ultra-reliable, low-latency, or critical functions. Ultra-reliable communications may include private communication or group communication and may be supported by one or more services such as push-to-talk, video, or data. Support for ultra-reliable, low-latency functions may include prioritization of services, and such services may be used for public safety or general commercial applications. The terms ultra-reliable, low-latency, and ultra-reliable low-latency may be used interchangeably herein.
[0089] In some examples, a UE 115 may be configured to support communicating directly with other UEs 115 via a device-to-device (D2D) communication link 135 (e.g., in accordance with a peer-to-peer (P2P) , D2D, or sidelink protocol) . In some examples, one or more UEs 115 of a group that are performing D2D communications may be within the coverage area 110 of a network entity 105 (e.g., a base station 140, an RU 170) , which may support aspects of such D2D communications being configured by (e.g., scheduled by) the network entity 105. In some examples, one or more UEs 115 of such a group may be outside the coverage area 110 of a network entity 105 or may be otherwise unable to or not configured to receive transmissions from a network entity 105. In some examples, groups of the UEs 115 communicating via D2D communications may support a one-to-many (1: M) system in which each UE 115 transmits to each of the other UEs 115 in the group. In some examples, a network entity 105 may facilitate the scheduling of resources for D2D communications. In some other examples, D2D communications may be carried out between the UEs 115 without an involvement of a network entity 105.
[0090] The core network 130 may provide user authentication, access authorization, tracking, Internet Protocol (IP) connectivity, and other access, routing, or mobility functions. The core network 130 may be an evolved packet core (EPC) or 5G core (5GC) , which may include at least one control plane entity that manages access and mobility (e.g., a mobility management entity (MME) , an access and mobility management function (AMF) ) and at least one user plane entity that routes packets or interconnects to external networks (e.g., a serving gateway (S-GW) , a Packet Data Network (PDN) gateway (P-GW) , or a user plane function (UPF) ) . The control plane entity may manage non-access stratum (NAS) functions such as mobility, authentication, and bearer management for the UEs 115 served by the network entities 105 (e.g., base stations 140) associated with the core network 130. User IP packets may be transferred through the user plane entity, which may provide IP address allocation as well as other functions. The user plane entity may be connected to IP services 150 for one or more network operators. The IP services 150 may include access to the Internet, Intranet (s) , an IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) , or a Packet-Switched Streaming Service.
[0091] The wireless communications system 100 may operate using one or more frequency bands, which may be in the range of 300 megahertz (MHz) to 300 gigahertz (GHz) . Generally, the region from 300 MHz to 3 GHz is known as the ultra-high frequency (UHF) region or decimeter band because the wavelengths range from approximately one decimeter to one meter in length. UHF waves may be blocked or redirected by buildings and environmental features, which may be referred to as clusters, but the waves may penetrate structures sufficiently for a macro cell to provide service to the UEs 115 located indoors. Communications using UHF waves may be associated with smaller antennas and shorter ranges (e.g., less than 100 kilometers) compared to communications using the smaller frequencies and longer waves of the high frequency (HF) or very high frequency (VHF) portion of the spectrum below 300 MHz.
[0092] The wireless communications system 100 may utilize both licensed and unlicensed RF spectrum bands. For example, the wireless communications system 100 may employ License Assisted Access (LAA) , LTE-Unlicensed (LTE-U) radio access technology, or NR technology using an unlicensed band such as the 5 GHz industrial, scientific, and medical (ISM) band. While operating using unlicensed RF spectrum bands, devices such as the network entities 105 and the UEs 115 may employ carrier sensing for collision detection and avoidance. In some examples, operations using unlicensed bands may be based on a carrier aggregation configuration in conjunction with component carriers operating using a licensed band (e.g., LAA) . Operations using unlicensed spectrum may include downlink transmissions, uplink transmissions, P2P transmissions, or D2D transmissions, among other examples.
[0093] A network entity 105 (e.g., a base station 140, an RU 170) or a UE 115 may be equipped with multiple antennas, which may be used to employ techniques such as transmit diversity, receive diversity, multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) communications, or beamforming. The antennas of a network entity 105 or a UE 115 may be located within one or more antenna arrays or antenna panels, which may support MIMO operations or transmit or receive beamforming. For example, one or more base station antennas or antenna arrays may be co-located at an antenna assembly, such as an antenna tower. In some examples, antennas or antenna arrays associated with a network entity 105 may be located at diverse geographic locations. A network entity 105 may include an antenna array with a set of rows and columns of antenna ports that the network entity 105 may use to support beamforming of communications with a UE 115. Likewise, a UE 115 may include one or more antenna arrays that may support various MIMO or beamforming operations. Additionally, or alternatively, an antenna panel may support RF beamforming for a signal transmitted via an antenna port.
[0094] Beamforming, which may also be referred to as spatial filtering, directional transmission, or directional reception, is a signal processing technique that may be used at a transmitting device or a receiving device (e.g., a network entity 105, a UE 115) to shape or steer an antenna beam (e.g., a transmit beam, a receive beam) along a spatial path between the transmitting device and the receiving device. Beamforming may be achieved by combining the signals communicated via antenna elements of an antenna array such that some signals propagating along particular orientations with respect to an antenna array experience constructive interference while others experience destructive interference. The adjustment of signals communicated via the antenna elements may include a transmitting device or a receiving device applying amplitude offsets, phase offsets, or both to signals carried via the antenna elements associated with the device. The adjustments associated with each of the antenna elements may be defined by a beamforming weight set associated with a particular orientation (e.g., with respect to the antenna array of the transmitting device or receiving device, or with respect to some other orientation) .
[0095] UEs 115 and network entities 105 may use random-access schemes or procedures including 4-step random access channel (RACH) procedures and 2-step RACH procedures. In a 4-step RACH procedure, a UE 115 and a network entity 105 may exchange a series of four messages to establish a wireless connection. The UE 115 may initiate the 4-step RACH procedure (e.g., a contention-based RACH procedure) by transmitting a random access preamble (e.g., Msg 1) to the network entity 105. Different UEs 115 may use different sequences in the random access preamble (such that each random access preamble is unique to a corresponding UE 115) . The network entity 105 may respond to the random access preamble by transmitting an RAR message (e.g., Msg 2) to the UE 115, where the RAR message may include a resource allocation (e.g., an uplink grant) for a subsequent message to be transmitted by the UE 115. The network entity 105 may transmit the RAR message based on the sequence of the random access preamble, and as such, the network entity 105 may transmit the RAR message to the single corresponding UE 115 (and not multiple UEs 115 simultaneously) . Based on the RAR message, the UE 115 may transmit a scheduled transmission (e.g., Msg 3) to the network entity 105 via the resources allocated in the RAR message. In response to the scheduled transmission, the network entity 105 may transmit a contention resolution message (e.g., Msg 4) to the UE 115 to establish a wireless connection.
[0096] In a 2-step RACH procedure, a UE 115 and a network entity 105 may exchange a series of two messages to establish a wireless connection. The UE 115 may transmit a first message (e.g., Msg A, which may correspond to Msg1 + Msg3 of a 4-step RACH procedure) to the network entity 105 which may include a random access preamble and a data payload. In response, the network entity 105 may transmit an RAR message (e.g., Msg B, which may correspond to Msg2 + Msg4 of a 4-step RACH procedure) .
[0097] The wireless communications system 100 may support passive RFID devices (e.g., passive tags, electronic tags) , which may communicate by relying on energy harvesting (e.g., powered by incident RF signals) and backscattered communications (e.g., transmissions by reflecting incident RF signals with modulation by reflection coefficient switching) . An RFID system may include a reader and one or more tags (e.g., passive tags) . Passive RFID tags, which are battery-less backscatter devices, may first use signals from the reader to power up, then decode the reader’s signal and backscatter stored information. For example, a passive RFID tag may receive, via an antenna, electromagnetic waves (e.g., a carrier wave, a continuous wave, or an NR signal) from the reader. The tag may rectify the potential difference to direct current, charge a capacitor, power up its integrated circuit, demodulate and decode received signals, and transmit coded and modulated signals (e.g., backscattered signals) .
[0098] An A-IoT UE may be smaller and cheaper (e.g., to manufacture) than other IoT devices, including narrowband IoT (NB-IoT) devices, LTE Machine-Type-Communication (LTE-M) devices, or reduced capability (RedCap) devices. A primary energy source for A-IoT devices (including A-IoT UEs) may be that from radio waves, which may use similar technologies as passive UHF RFID devices.
[0099] In some examples, wireless devices may use a compressed sensing-based access procedure, which may enable multiple users (e.g., UEs 115, A-IoT devices) to access a reader (e.g., a receiver) simultaneously. Compressed sensing-based access may be associated with high efficiency and, as such, may be used by a relatively large quantity of A-IoT devices (e.g., at a given time) . In such cases, the complexity of a tag may be similar to the complexity of a device in an RFID system, while the complexity of a reader may be relatively higher at the cost of higher efficiency. In a compressed sensing-based access procedure, one or more users of a set users (e.g., A-IoT devices) may be active. For example, in a set of users including user 1, user 2, user 3, user 4, user 5, ... user N, a subset of K users (e.g., User 1, User 2, and User 5) may be active and may have data to transmit, while the remaining users (e.g., User 3, User 4, and User N) may be in an idle or sleep mode. Each of the active users may select a preamble from a common codebook based on a random temporary identifier (ID) and transmit some data to the reader via a same resource. In some examples, a generator of the common codebook may be stored at a user (e.g., an A-IoT device) to reduce storage costs. As such, the reader may receive an overlapped signal including multiple preambles from the multiple active users. In some examples, the reader (e.g., a network entity 105) may use a compressed sensing algorithm to recognize each of the transmitted preambles. The compressed sensing algorithm may work when a quantity of the transmitted preambles is much smaller than a total size of the common codebook (e.g., a sparsity) . That is, if the sparsity is satisfied, the reader may use the compressed sensing algorithm to identify the preambles. As the channel may have no impact on the sparsity, the reader may refrain from performing channel estimation. In some examples, the reader may obtain IDs of each user via queries using the temporary IDs recovered from the preambles. As such, the preambles communicated in a compressed sensing-based access procedure may be designed based on a compressed sensing algorithm, and therefore may differ from preambles communicated in a 4-step RACH procedure.
[0100] The wireless communications system 100 may support a compressed sensing-based access procedure for wireless communication devices, including A-IoT devices, electronic tags, and readers. An electronic tag (e.g., a first wireless communication device) may receive, from a reader (e.g., a second wireless communication device) , a query command indicating a codebook configuration associated with the compressed sensing-based access procedure. In response to the query command, the tag may transmit a random access message to the reader including a random access preamble. The random access preamble may be from a codebook according to the codebook configuration. Based on the random access preamble, the electronic tag may receive an RAR message (e.g., Msg2) from the reader. The RAR message may include an uplink grant for the tag and may be modified in various ways to enhance system efficiency. Based on the RAR message, the tag may transmit either an identifier associated with the tag or both the identifier and a data payload. The RAR message may be a reduced size for compressed sensing-based access. For example, the wireless communications system may support a reduced indication size of preamble indices (associated with the random access preamble) and a joint configuration applicable to multiple tags such that the reader may transmit a single uplink grant for the multiple tags.
[0101] FIG. 2 shows an example of a process flow 200 that supports compressed sensing-based access for A-IoT devices in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The process flow 200 may implement aspects of the wireless communications system 100, or may be implemented by aspects of the wireless communications system 100. For example, the process flow 200 may illustrate operations between a tag 205 and a reader 210, which may be examples of corresponding devices described herein. For example, the tag 205 may be an example of a first wireless communication device (e.g., an A-IoT device) and the reader 210 may be an example of a second wireless communication device as described herein. In the following description of the process flow 200, the operations between the tag 205 and the reader 210 may be transmitted in a different order than the example order shown, or the operations performed by the tag 205 and the reader 210 may be performed in different orders or at different times. Some operations may also be omitted from the process flow 200, and other operations may be added to the process flow 200.
[0102] The tag 205 and the reader 210 may participate in a compressed sensing-based access procedure, which may be a 4-step access procedure (e.g., different than a 4-step RACH procedure) . The compressed sensing-based access procedure may be initiated by a reader (e.g., instead of by UEs 115 or other users) , and each message transmitted by the tag 205 may be triggered by messages transmitted by the reader 210. In addition, the process flow 200 may support multiple tags 205 wirelessly communicating with the reader 210.
[0103] At 215, the tag 205 may receive, from the reader 210, a query command (e.g., Msg 0: Query or QueryRep) indicating a codebook configuration associated with the compressed sensing-based access procedure. The reader 210 may determine to transmit the query command or may be triggered to transmit the query command based on one or more use cases. The query command is further described herein with reference to FIG. 3.
[0104] At 220, the tag 205 may transmit, to the reader 210 and in response to the query command, a random access message including a random access preamble (e.g., Msg 1: compressed sensing-preamble) , where the random access preamble may be from a codebook according to the codebook configuration. In some examples, the reader 210 may receive multiple random access messages and corresponding random access preambles from multiple tags 205, where the random access preambles may be from a common codebook.
[0105] At 225, the tag 205 may receive, from the reader 210, an RAR message (e.g., Msg 2) based on the random access preamble. In some examples, the RAR message may allocate resources (e.g., include an uplink grant) for a subsequent message to be transmitted by the tag 205. For example, the reader 210 may detect the random access preambles and based on the detected random access preamble, may allocate resources (e.g., an uplink grant) to the tag 205. In some examples, the RAR message may be of a reduced size to support low-power and reduced-storage tags and other A-IoT devices. The RAR message is further described herein with reference to FIG. 6.
[0106] At 230, the tag 205 may transmit, to the reader 210, a message (e.g., Msg 3) including an ID associated with the tag 205 or both the ID and a data payload. The tag 205 may transmit the message based on receiving the RAR message. That is, the tag 205 may transmit the message using the resources allocated in the RAR message. Additionally, the compressed sensing-based access procedure may end after the tag 205 transmits the message. That is, the compressed sensing-based access procedure may lack a message communicated for contention resolution (e.g., a Msg 4) , and if there is a timeout (e.g., expiration of a timer) , the tag 205 may refrain from retransmitting the message.
[0107] FIG. 3 shows an example of a query command transmission scheme 300 that supports compressed sensing-based access for A-IoT devices in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. In some examples, the query command transmission scheme 300 may implement aspects of the wireless communications system 100 or the process flow 200, or may be implemented by aspects of the wireless communications system 100 or the process flow 200. For example, the query command transmission scheme 300 may include a tag 305-a (e.g., Tag 1) , a tag 305-b (e.g., Tag 2) , and a reader 310, which may be examples of corresponding devices described herein. The tags 305 may be examples of ambient IoT devices. In some examples, the tags 305 and the reader 310 may support a compressed sensing-based access procedure.
[0108] In some examples, a wireless communications system may support a set of active tags 305 (e.g., which have data to transmit to the reader 310) . For example, in response to receiving a query command from the reader 310, ten tags 305 may each transmit a corresponding random access preamble to the reader 310 simultaneously. However, the reader 310 may only be able to successfully identify or recognize a subset of the random access preambles. That is, only a subset of the tags 305 may have gain access to the reader 310 via a compressed sensing-based access procedure. In such cases, the reader 310 may attempt to establish access with the remaining tags 305 (associated with the random access preambles the reader 310 may be initially unable to identify) . However, if the reader 310 transmits a query command (e.g., Msg 0) , all of the active tags 305 may respond, including those that may already have access to the reader 310.
[0109] To enable the reader 310 to transmit a query command to only the tags 305 which have yet to establish access with the reader 310, the reader 310 may support two types of query commands, including a Query command and a QueryRep command (e.g., a query repeat command) . For example, the reader 310 may transmit the Query command during an initial compressed sensing-based access procedure with the set of active tags 305 and the QueryRep command only to tags 305 that failed to establish access during the initial compressed sensing-based access procedure.
[0110] In the example of FIG. 3, the reader 310 may transmit a query command 315-a (e.g., Msg 0: Query) to the tag 305-a and the tag 305-b. The query command 315-a may indicate a codebook configuration associated with the compressed sensing-based access procedure between the tags 305 and the reader 310. In response to the query command 315-a, the tag 305-a may transmit a random access message 320-a (e.g., Msg 1) including a first random access preamble to the reader 310, and the tag 305-b may transmit a random access message 320-b (e.g., Msg 1) including a second random access preamble to the reader 310. The first and second random access preambles (e.g., compressed sensing preambles) may be from a common codebook according to the codebook configuration.
[0111] The reader 310 may detect the random access preamble from the random access message 320-a and subsequently transmit an RAR message 325-a (e.g., Msg 2) to the tag 305-a. The RAR message 325-a may include a resource allocation (e.g., uplink grant) for the tag 305-a based on the random access preamble. In response to the RAR message 325-a, the tag 305-a may use the allocated resources to transmit a message 330-a (e.g., Msg 3) to the reader 310. The message 330-a may include an ID associated with the tag 305-a or both the ID and some data payload. In this way, the tag 305-a may access the reader 310. However, the reader may fail to detect the random access preamble from the random access message 320-b, and as such, may fail to include a resource allocation for the tag 305-b in the RAR message 325-a. Based on the lack of allocated resources, the tag 305-b may fail to transmit a message (e.g., Msg 3) back to the reader 310 and thus, may fail to access the reader 310.
[0112] To establish a connection with the tag 305-b, the reader 310 may transmit a query command 315-b to the tags 305. The query command 315-b may be a QueryRep command. Because the tag 305-a transmitted the message 330-a to the reader 310, the tag 305-a may refrain from responding to the query command 315-b. In this way, the QueryRep command may be intended for tags 305 that failed to connect with the reader 310 during the initial compressed sensing-based access procedure. Based on the query command 315-b, the tag 305-b may transmit a random access message 320-c (e.g., Msg 1) to the reader 310. The random access message 320-c may include a third random access preamble (e.g., a third compressed sensing preamble) from the common codebook.
[0113] In some implementations, the reader 310 may successfully detect the third random access preamble from the random access message 320-c and as such, may allocate resources (e.g., include an uplink grant) for the tag 305-b in an RAR message 325-b. The tag 305-b may use the resources allocated in the RAR message 325-b to transmit a message 330-b to the reader 310, where the message 330-b may include an ID associated with the tag 305-b or both the ID and a data payload. In some cases, a tag 305 may store a one-bit flag to record a state indicating whether it has responded to a QueryRep command. If the tag 305 receives a subsequent Query command, a value of the one-bit flag may change (e.g., reverse) . Tags 305 may respond (e.g., always respond) to Query commands.
[0114] FIG. 4 shows an example of process flows 400-a and 400-b that support compressed sensing-based access for A-IoT devices in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The process flows 400-a and 400-b may implement aspects of the wireless communications system 100 and the process flow 200, or may be implemented by aspects of the wireless communications system 100 and the process flow 200. For example, the process flow 400-a may illustrate communications between a tag 405-a and a reader 410-a, and the process flow 400-b may illustrate communications between a tag 405-b and a reader 410-b. The tags 405 (e.g., first wireless communication devices, A-IoT devices) and the readers 410 (e.g., second wireless communication devices) may be examples of corresponding devices described herein. In some examples, the tag 405-a and the tag 405-b may each represent one or multiple tags 405. The process flow 400-a and the process flow 400-b depict the behavior of a tag 405 and a reader 410 during and after a compressed sensing-based access procedure.
[0115] As described herein with reference to FIG. 2, the process flow 400-a depicts a compressed sensing-based access procedure that ends after one round of communication (e.g., from Msg 0 to Msg 3) . At 415, the tag 405-a may receive a query command (e.g., Msg 0) from the reader 410-a. At 420, in response to the query command, the tag 405-a may transmit a random access message (e.g., Msg 1) including a random access preamble (e.g., a compressed sensing preamble) to the reader 410-a. The reader 410-b may receive multiple random access messages and corresponding random access preambles from multiple other active tags 405. At 425, based on detecting one or more random access preambles, the reader 410-a may transmit an RAR message (e.g., Msg 2) to the tag 405-a. The RAR message may allocate resources (e.g., via an uplink grant) for the tag 405-a and any other detected tags that may have transmitted a random access message to the reader 410-a. At 430, the tag 405-a may transmit a message (e.g., Msg 3) to the reader 410-a using the allocated resources, where the message may include an ID associated with the tag 405-a, or both the ID and data. In this way, the compressed sensing-based access procedure may end after the tag 405-a transmits the message (e.g., after Msg 3) .
[0116] Alternatively, the process flow 400-b depicts a compressed sensing-based access procedure that supports multiple RAR message (e.g., Msg 2) and responsive message (e.g., Msg 3) transmissions. At 435, the tag 405-b may receive a query command (e.g., Msg 0) from the reader 410-b. At 440, in response to the query command, the tag 405-b may transmit a random access message (e.g., Msg 1) including a random access preamble (e.g., a compressed sensing preamble) to the reader 410-b. The reader 410-b may receive multiple random access messages and corresponding random access preambles from multiple other active tags 405.
[0117] At 445, based on detecting the random access preamble associated with the tag 405-b, the reader 410-b may transmit an RAR message (e.g., Msg 2) to the tag 405-b. The RAR message may allocate resources (e.g., via an uplink grant) for the tag 405-b. At 450, the tag 405-b may transmit a message (e.g., Msg 3) to the reader 410-b using the allocated resources, where the message may include an ID associated with the tag 405-b, or both the ID and data.
[0118] If the reader 410-b detects multiple random access preambles associated with multiple tags 405, then the reader 410-b may divide the detected tags 405 into multiple group and transmit multiple RAR messages, one to each group of tags. In this way, each Msg 2 may carry an uplink grant for a group of tags. For example, at 455, the reader 410-b may transmit an RAR message (e.g., Msg 2) to one of the groups of tags, where the RAR message may include an uplink grant (e.g., resources allocated) for the group of tags. At 460, the reader 410-b may receive a message (e.g., Msg 3) from the group of tags via the allocated resources, where the message may include an ID associated with each tag 405 of the group of tags, or both the IDs and data. The RAR message and message transmissions (e.g., Msg 2 and Msg 3) may repeat many times during the compressed sensing-based access procedure.
[0119] FIG. 5 shows an example of a process flow 500 that supports compressed sensing-based access for A-IoT devices in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The process flow 500 may implement aspects of the wireless communications system 100 and the process flow 200, or may be implemented by aspects of the wireless communications system 100 and the process flow 200. For example, the process flow 500 may illustrate operations between a tag 505-a (e.g., Tag 1) , a tag 505-b (e.g., Tag K) , and a reader 510, which may be examples of corresponding devices described herein. For example, the tags 505 may be examples of first wireless communication devices (e.g., A-IoT devices) and the reader 510 may be an example of a second wireless communication device as described herein. The process flow 500 may support any quantity of tags 505 (e.g., any quantity K) . In the following description of the process flow 500, the operations between the tags 505 and the reader 510 may be transmitted in a different order than the example order shown, or the operations performed by the tags 505 and the reader 510 may be performed in different orders or at different times. Some operations may also be omitted from the process flow 500, and other operations may be added to the process flow 500. The process flow 500 may depict an example of a compressed sensing-based random access procedure between the reader 510 and multiple tags 505.
[0120] At 515, the reader 510 may transmit, to the tag 505-a and the tag 505-b, a query command (e.g., Msg 0: Query or QueryRep) indicating a codebook configuration associated with a compressed sensing-based access procedure. By transmitting the query command, the reader 510 may initiate the compressed sensing-based access procedure with the tags 505. In some examples, the reader 510 may transmit different query commands to different tags 505 (e.g., a Query command to the tags 505-a and 505-b and a QueryRep command to the tag 505-b) .
[0121] At 520, the reader 510 may receive a first random access message (e.g., Msg 1) from the tag 505-a in response to the query command. The first random access message may include a first random access preamble, which may be from a common codebook according to the codebook configuration.
[0122] At 525, the reader 510 may receive a second random access message (e.g., Msg 1) from the tag 505-b in response to the query command. The second random access message may include a second random access preamble, which may be from the common codebook according to the codebook configuration. As such, the first and second random access preambles may be specific to the tag 505-a and the tag 505-b, respectively.
[0123] At 530, the reader 510 may transmit an RAR message (e.g., Msg 2) to the tags 505 based on the first and second random access preambles. That is, the reader 510 may detect the random access preambles from the corresponding random access messages. Based on detecting the random access preambles, the reader 510 may allocate resources (e.g., an uplink grant) to each tag 505, and the RAR message may indicate the resource allocation. The RAR message may indicate the allocated resources or uplink grant, which the tags 505 may use for subsequent transmission of messages. In this way, the RAR message may indicate a group of resources mapped based on the detected random access preambles for all tags 505 whose random access preambles were detected by the reader 510.
[0124] At 535, the reader 510 may receive a message (e.g., Msg 3) from the tag 505-a. The message may include an ID associated with the tag 505-a or both the ID and a data payload. The tag 505-a may transmit the message via the uplink grant indicated in the RAR message.
[0125] At 540, the reader 510 may receive a message (e.g., Msg 3) from the tag 505-b. The message may include an ID associated with the tag 505-b or both the ID and a data payload. The tag 505-b may transmit the message via the uplink grant indicated in the RAR message.
[0126] In some examples, the tags 505 and the reader 510 may repeat 530, 535, and 540 for one or multiple rounds until all tags 505 whose random access preambles the reader 510 detected respond to the reader 510 with a message indicating a corresponding ID or the corresponding ID and data.
[0127] FIG. 6 shows an example of an RAR message format 600 that supports compressed sensing-based access for A-IoT devices in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. In some examples, the RAR message format 600 may implement aspects of the wireless communications system 100 or the process flow 200, or may be implemented by aspects of the wireless communications system 100 or the process flow 200. For example, one or more tags (e.g., first wireless communication devices, A-IoT devices) and a wireless device (e.g., second wireless communication device) may use the RAR message format 600 for a compressed sensing-based access procedure.
[0128] The RAR message format 600 may include an RAR message 605-a and an RAR message 605-b. The RAR message 605-a may represent a Msg 2 transmitted in a four-step RACH procedure (e.g., between a UE 115 and a network entity 105) . As described herein, a UE 115 may transmit a random access preamble to a network entity 105. The network entity 105 may detect the random access preamble and in response, may transmit an RAR message 605-a to the RAR message may include an uplink grant (e.g., resource allocation) for the UE 115. In such procedures, the network entity 105 may recognize or detect an index associated with each random access preamble (transmitted by multiple UEs 115) individually and may indicate an uplink grant individually for each UE 115 whose random access preamble the network entity 105 detected.
[0129] The RAR message 605-a may support separate K indices and K uplink grants. For example, the RAR message 605-a may include a preamble index 610-a (e.g., 1st preamble index) and an uplink grant 615-a (e.g., 1st uplink grant) , which may correspond to a first random access preamble, a preamble index 610-b (e.g., 2nd preamble index) and an uplink grant 615-b (e.g., second uplink grant) , which may correspond to a second random access preamble, and a preamble index 610-c (e.g., Kth preamble index) and an uplink grant 615-c (e.g., Kth uplink grant) , which may correspond to a Kth random access preamble. The RAR message 605-a may depict any quantity of preamble indices 610 and uplink grants 615. As such, the RAR message 605-a may include separate configurations for each random access preamble detected by the network entity 105, which may cause the RAR message 605-a to be significantly long.
[0130] To support a compressed sensing-based access procedure, the RAR message 605-b may have a relatively reduced-size (e.g., the RAR message may be referred to as a small Msg 2, or some similar terminology) . The RAR message 605-b may support a reduced indication size of an uplink grant by utilizing a joint configuration, where the RAR message 605-b may include a single uplink grant for a group resource associated with multiple tags. In addition, the RAR message 605-b may support a reduced indication size of a random access preamble (e.g., compressed sensing preamble) index, where the RAR message 605-b may indicate full or partial bits of a preamble index.
[0131] The RAR message 605-b may include separate indications for each random access preamble (e.g., compressed sensing preamble) transmitted by one or more tags and detected by a reader and a single uplink grant for all of the tags. For example, the RAR message 605-b may include a partial preamble index 620-a (e.g., 1st partial preamble index) , a partial preamble index 620-b (e.g., 2nd partial preamble index) , and a partial preamble index 620-c (e.g., a Kth partial preamble index) . That is, the RAR message 605-b may include an indication of a group resource and a set of multiple random access preamble indices, where the group resource includes multiple resources associated with the tags, and where each random access preamble indices is associated with a respective tag.
[0132] In addition, the RAR message 605-b may include a single uplink grant 625 for the group resource associated with each tag associated with a random access preamble. In some examples, the reduced-size RAR message may be applied to a Msg B of a two-step RACH procedure and some other RAR and uplink grant configurations.
[0133] An uplink grant (e.g., indicated in the RAR message 605-b) may be a group resource for a joint configuration associated with multiple detected tags. That is, a reader may configure a group resource for multiple tags associated with random access preambles detected by the reader. In some examples, the RAR message 605-a may indicate a starting position (e.g., a starting time) of the group resource and a step of each resource (e.g., a time-domain increment) . For example, the stating position and the step of each resource may be based on time-division multiplexed (TDMed) , frequency-division multiplexed (FDMed) , code-division multiplexed (CDMed) communications between a tag and the reader, or a combination thereof.
[0134] For example, if the starting position and the step are based on TDMed communications, the RAR message 605-b may indicate a starting position t0 (e.g., start time of the group resource) and a time step Δt (e.g., time increasing step) . Based on t0 and Δt, the tags may identify a corresponding resource of the group resource. For example, a first resource of the group resource may have a size (e.g., length in time) t0 ~t0 + Δt, a second resource of the group resource may have a size t0 + Δt ~ t0 + 2Δt, and a kth resource of the group resource may have a size t0 + (k –1) Δt ~ t0 + kΔt.
[0135] If the starting position and the step are based on FDMed communications, the RAR message 605-b may indicate a starting position f0 (e.g., starting frequency shift of the group resource) and a step Δf (e.g., frequency shift increasing step) . A frequency shift may be based on backscattered signals (e.g., for A-IoT devices, passive tags) or may be directly used by active tags that include RF components. If the starting position and step are based on CDMed communications, RAR message 605-b may indicate a starting position c0 (e.g., starting codeword index of the group resource) and a step Δc (e.g., codeword index increasing step) . In some implementations, if the starting position and the step are based on both TDMed and FDMed communications, the RAR message 605-b may additionally indicate a quantity of frequency shift steps (e.g., a quantity of steps Δf) in each time slot (e.g., time step Δt) .
[0136] The tags may identify the order of the resources in the group resource based on the preamble indices 620 indicated in the RAR message 605-b. For example, a tag may first identify the order of its preamble index 620 if the set of preamble indices 620 in the RAR message 605-b, and then the tag may use the order to calculate its corresponding resource in the group resource (e.g., identify one or more corresponding resources from the group resource) . For example, the tag may identify the order of its preamble index 620 is i. If the starting position and step of each resource are based on TDMed communications, the tag’s resource may correspond to a position t0 + (i –1) Δt ~t0 + iΔt in time. If the starting position and step are based on TDMed and FDMed communications, a quantity of frequency shift steps in each time slot (e.g., time step Δt) may be N, and the resource may correspond to a position t0 + ( [i / N] –1) Δt ~ t0 + [i / N] Δt in time, with a frequency shift f0 + ( [i / N] –1) Δf ~ f0 + [i / N] Δf. The tag may use the corresponding resource to transmit a subsequent message to the reader.
[0137] Additionally, as described herein, a tag may transmit a random access message (e.g., Msg 1) including a random access preamble (e.g., compressed sensing preamble) to the reader. The uplink grant indicated in the RAR message 605-b may then handle such an early indication of the random access preamble. The random access preamble may be from a codebook based on a codebook configuration, where the reader may have previously indicated the codebook configuration in a query command. The codebook may include multiple sets of random access preambles corresponding to different types of tag capabilities and data. For example, type A random access preambles may correspond to tags with IDs to transmit, and type B random access preambles may correspond to tags with both IDs and data to transmit. As such, tags may select a preamble size based on the amount of data they have to transmit, and the reader may detect the preamble size to determine the size of the tag’s data payload. The reader may configure an uplink grant (e.g., resource allocation) for the tag (e.g., in the RAR message 605-based on the size of the data payload.
[0138] In addition to data payloads, random access preambles may be based on different types of tags (e.g., based on tag capabilities) . For example, a device type A may correspond to tags with no battery that use backscattering to communicate (e.g., passive tags) , a device type B may correspond to tags with a battery that use backscattering to communicate, and a device type C may correspond to tags with a battery and RF components. Table 1 depicts an example of how differ types of random access preambles may map to each of these device types based on a class of frequency shift and whether a tag has any data to transmit. For example, for a frequency shift class 1 or device types A and B, the tag may use a random access preamble size A if it is transmitting a corresponding ID and a random access preamble size B if it is transmitting the corresponding ID and a data payload. For a frequency shift class two or device type C, the tag may use a random access preamble size C if it is transmitting a corresponding ID and a random access preamble size D if it is transmitting the corresponding ID and a data payload. In this way, the tag may select a random access preamble from a set of random access preambles of the codebook based on a device capability (e.g., device type) associated with the tag or both the device capability and a data payload (e.g., a size of the data payload the tag has to transmit) . The set of random access preambles may be associated with respective device capabilities (e.g., device types) .
[0139] Table 1
[0140] In some examples, if the tag has a corresponding ID and data to report to the reader, the reader may assign the tag one resource for the ID and one or more resources for the data. For example, the RAR message 605-b may include an indication of an uplink grant for a set of resources based on a random access preamble selected by the tag, where the set of resources includes a first resource for the ID and a second resource for the data. Based on receiving the RAR message 605-b, the tag may transmit a message (e.g., Msg 3) that includes the ID and the data via the first resource and the second resource.
[0141] In addition, the group resource of the uplink grant may be impacted by the early indication of the random access preamble. For example, the RAR message 605-b may support multiple sets of group resources for different random access preamble sizes and further, may indicate the sizes of the group resource sets. For example, there may be a first group resource set for a low frequency shift (e.g., fL, 0, ΔfL) and a second group resource set for a high frequency shift (e.g., fH, 0, ΔfH) . The size of the first group resource set may be equal to M. If the order of a tag’s preamble index 620 in the RAR message 605-b is i, the tag may first compare the value of i with the value of M. If i ≤M, then the tag’s resource may be in the first group resource set. The tag may use the order i to determine the location of the resource using the low frequency shift fL, 0 and corresponding frequency shift step ΔfL. Alternatively, if i > M, the then the tag’s resource may be in the second group resource set. The tag may use a new order i –M to determine the location of the resource using the high frequency shift fH, 0 and corresponding frequency shift step ΔfH. In some implementations, tags having both an ID and data to transmit may be assigned with a larger resource step in the time domain, the frequency domain, or both to ensure that the tag has sufficient resources to transmit both the ID and the data.
[0142] As described herein, the RAR message 605-b may use partial bits to indicate the preamble indices 620. For example, the reader may detect several tags and corresponding random access preambles. The preamble indices associated with these random access preambles may correspond to bits 000 and 001 in the codebook. As such, the reader may use partial bits to indicate the last bit of each of these random access preambles, 0 and 1. In some examples, the quantity of partial bits may be fixed or may be dynamically configured based on a quantity of random access preambles detected by the reader. If the quantity of partial bits is dynamically configured, the reader may additionally indicate the quantity of partial bits being used. In some examples, the smaller the detected quantity of random access preambles, the fewer bits the reader may use to indicate the preamble indices 620.
[0143] Moreover, a position of the partial bits may be fixed (e.g., last bits or first bits) or may be dynamically configured based on the detected preamble indices 620. For example, the reader may identify that the first, third, and seventh bits in all detected preamble indices 620 are identical (e.g., such that the reader may use the remaining bits to distinguish between the detected preamble indices 620) . If the position of the partial bits is dynamically configured, the reader may additionally indicate the partial bit position (s) and may refrain from indicating the quantity of partial bits being used.
[0144] Additionally, or alternatively, the RAR message 605-b may use one or more check bits to indicate the preamble indices 620. In some examples, a quantity of check bits used and which bits of a preamble index 620 are used to calculate one or more check bits may be fixed or dynamically configured based on a quantity of random access preambles detected by the reader. In some examples, the one or more check bits may be parity check bits calculated based on all of the bits of a preamble index 620.
[0145] FIG. 7 shows an example of a multi-layer indication 700 that supports compressed sensing-based access for A-IoT devices in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. In some examples, the multi-layer indication 700 may implement aspects of the wireless communications system 100, the process flow 200, or the RAR message format 600, or may be implemented by aspects of the wireless communications system 100, the process flow 200, or the RAR message format 600. For example, one or more tags (e.g., wireless communication devices, A-IoT devices) and a reader (e.g., wireless communication devices) may use the multi-layer indication 700 for a compressed sensing-based access procedure.
[0146] In some implementations, the reader may transmit an RAR message (e.g., the RAR message 605-b as described herein with reference to FIG. 6) to one or more tags, where the RAR message indicates one or more preamble indices using a full set of bits and a multi-layer indication. The multi-layer indication may reduce a size of the indication (e.g., thus reducing the size of the RAR message) .
[0147] The RAR message may indicate a preamble index via an indication 705, where the preamble index may correspond to a random access preamble (e.g., compressed sensing preamble) detected by the reader. For example, the indication 705 may include a bit sequence [00, 00, 01, 11; 10, 11, 01] , which may correspond to the indices 0000, 0001, 0011, 1011, and 1001 corresponding to a random access preamble pool size of 16 bits. A outer layer of the indication 705 may include the common bits of the preamble index and an inner layer of the indication 705 may include the remaining bits of the preamble index. For example, the reader may first indicate the outer layer including the common bits 00 (e.g., corresponding to the first two common bits of the indices 0000, 0001, and 0011) and then the inner layer including the remaining bits 00, 01, and 11 (e.g., corresponding to the last two bits of the indices 0000, 0001, and 0011) . Then, the reader may indicate the outer layer including the common bits 10 (e.g., corresponding to the first two common bits of the indices 1011 and 1001) and then the inner layer including the remaining bits 11 and 01 (e.g., corresponding to the last two bits of the indices 1011 and 1001) . In this way, the recovered indices 710 may include the indices 0000, 0001, 0011, 1011, and 1001.
[0148] In some examples, the quantity and position of outer layer bits and inner layer bits may be fixed or may be dynamically configured based on a quantity of random access preambles detected by the reader. Additionally, the reader may re-sort (e.g., re-order) the order of the indicated preamble indices with the group resource. For example, the reader may re-sort the preamble indices according to time and frequency shift resource allocations.
[0149] FIG. 8 shows a block diagram 800 of a device 805 that supports compressed sensing-based access for A-IoT devices in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The device 805 may be an example of aspects of a first wireless communication device as described herein. The device 805 may include a receiver 810, a transmitter 815, and a communications manager 820. The device 805, or one or more components of the device 805 (e.g., the receiver 810, the transmitter 815, and the communications manager 820) , may include at least one processor, which may be coupled with at least one memory, to, individually or collectively, support or enable the described techniques. Each of these components may be in communication with one another (e.g., via one or more buses) .
[0150] The receiver 810 may provide a means for receiving information such as packets, user data, control information, or any combination thereof associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels related to compressed sensing-based access for A-IoT devices) . Information may be passed on to other components of the device 805. The receiver 810 may utilize a single antenna or a set of multiple antennas.
[0151] The transmitter 815 may provide a means for transmitting signals generated by other components of the device 805. For example, the transmitter 815 may transmit information such as packets, user data, control information, or any combination thereof associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels related to compressed sensing-based access for A-IoT devices) . In some examples, the transmitter 815 may be co-located with a receiver 810 in a transceiver module. The transmitter 815 may utilize a single antenna or a set of multiple antennas.
[0152] The communications manager 820, the receiver 810, the transmitter 815, or various combinations thereof or various components thereof may be examples of means for performing various aspects of compressed sensing-based access for A-IoT devices as described herein. For example, the communications manager 820, the receiver 810, the transmitter 815, or various combinations or components thereof may be capable of performing one or more of the functions described herein.
[0153] In some examples, the communications manager 820, the receiver 810, the transmitter 815, or various combinations or components thereof may be implemented in hardware (e.g., in communications management circuitry) . The hardware may include at least one of a processor, a DSP, a CPU, an ASIC, an FPGA or other programmable logic device, a microcontroller, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof configured as or otherwise supporting, individually or collectively, a means for performing the functions described in the present disclosure. In some examples, at least one processor and at least one memory coupled with the at least one processor may be configured to perform one or more of the functions described herein (e.g., by one or more processors, individually or collectively, executing instructions stored in the at least one memory) .
[0154] Additionally, or alternatively, the communications manager 820, the receiver 810, the transmitter 815, or various combinations or components thereof may be implemented in code (e.g., as communications management software or firmware) executed by at least one processor. If implemented in code executed by at least one processor, the functions of the communications manager 820, the receiver 810, the transmitter 815, or various combinations or components thereof may be performed by a general-purpose processor, a DSP, a CPU, an ASIC, an FPGA, a microcontroller, or any combination of these or other programmable logic devices (e.g., configured as or otherwise supporting, individually or collectively, a means for performing the functions described in the present disclosure) .
[0155] In some examples, the communications manager 820 may be configured to perform various operations (e.g., receiving, obtaining, monitoring, outputting, transmitting) using or otherwise in cooperation with the receiver 810, the transmitter 815, or both. For example, the communications manager 820 may receive information from the receiver 810, send information to the transmitter 815, or be integrated in combination with the receiver 810, the transmitter 815, or both to obtain information, output information, or perform various other operations as described herein.
[0156] The communications manager 820 may support wireless communications in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. For example, the communications manager 820 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for receiving, from a second wireless communication device, a query command indicating a codebook configuration associated with a compressed sensing-based access procedure. The communications manager 820 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for transmitting, to the second wireless communication device and in response to the query command, a random access message including a random access preamble, where the random access preamble is from a codebook in accordance with the codebook configuration. The communications manager 820 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for receiving, from the second wireless communication device, a RAR message based on the random access preamble. The communications manager 820 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for transmitting, to the second wireless communication device, a message including an ID associated with the first wireless communication device or both the ID and a data payload, where the message is transmitted based on receiving the RAR message.
[0157] By including or configuring the communications manager 820 in accordance with examples as described herein, the device 805 (e.g., at least one processor controlling or otherwise coupled with the receiver 810, the transmitter 815, the communications manager 820, or a combination thereof) may support techniques for compressed sensing-based access for A-IoT devices (e.g., passive tags) , which may reduce complexity, reduce power consumption, reduce memory and storage requirements, and increase efficiency.
[0158] FIG. 9 shows a block diagram 900 of a device 905 that supports compressed sensing-based access for A-IoT devices in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The device 905 may be an example of aspects of a device 805 or a wireless communication device 115 as described herein. The device 905 may include a receiver 910, a transmitter 915, and a communications manager 920. The device 905, or one or more components of the device 905 (e.g., the receiver 910, the transmitter 915, and the communications manager 920) , may include at least one processor, which may be coupled with at least one memory, to support the described techniques. Each of these components may be in communication with one another (e.g., via one or more buses) .
[0159] The receiver 910 may provide a means for receiving information such as packets, user data, control information, or any combination thereof associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels related to compressed sensing-based access for A-IoT devices) . Information may be passed on to other components of the device 905. The receiver 910 may utilize a single antenna or a set of multiple antennas.
[0160] The transmitter 915 may provide a means for transmitting signals generated by other components of the device 905. For example, the transmitter 915 may transmit information such as packets, user data, control information, or any combination thereof associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels related to compressed sensing-based access for A-IoT devices) . In some examples, the transmitter 915 may be co-located with a receiver 910 in a transceiver module. The transmitter 915 may utilize a single antenna or a set of multiple antennas.
[0161] The device 905, or various components thereof, may be an example of means for performing various aspects of compressed sensing-based access for A-IoT devices as described herein. For example, the communications manager 920 may include a query command component 925, a random access preamble component 930, a RAR message component 935, an ID and data message component 940, or any combination thereof. The communications manager 920 may be an example of aspects of a communications manager 820 as described herein. In some examples, the communications manager 920, or various components thereof, may be configured to perform various operations (e.g., receiving, obtaining, monitoring, outputting, transmitting) using or otherwise in cooperation with the receiver 910, the transmitter 915, or both. For example, the communications manager 920 may receive information from the receiver 910, send information to the transmitter 915, or be integrated in combination with the receiver 910, the transmitter 915, or both to obtain information, output information, or perform various other operations as described herein.
[0162] The communications manager 920 may support wireless communications in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. The query command component 925 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for receiving, from a second wireless communication device, a query command indicating a codebook configuration associated with a compressed sensing-based access procedure. The random access preamble component 930 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for transmitting, to the second wireless communication device and in response to the query command, a random access message including a random access preamble, where the random access preamble is from a codebook in accordance with the codebook configuration. The RAR message component 935 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for receiving, from the second wireless communication device, a RAR message based on the random access preamble. The ID and data message component 940 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for transmitting, to the second wireless communication device, a message including an ID associated with the first wireless communication device or both the ID and a data payload, where the message is transmitted based on receiving the RAR message.
[0163] FIG. 10 shows a block diagram 1000 of a communications manager 1020 that supports compressed sensing-based access for A-IoT devices in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The communications manager 1020 may be an example of aspects of a communications manager 820, a communications manager 920, or both, as described herein. The communications manager 1020, or various components thereof, may be an example of means for performing various aspects of compressed sensing-based access for A-IoT devices as described herein. For example, the communications manager 1020 may include a query command component 1025, a random access preamble component 1030, a RAR message component 1035, an ID and data message component 1040, an uplink grant component 1045, a preamble selection component 1050, a preamble index component 1055, or any combination thereof. Each of these components, or components or subcomponents thereof (e.g., one or more processors, one or more memories) , may communicate, directly or indirectly, with one another (e.g., via one or more buses) .
[0164] The communications manager 1020 may support wireless communications in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. The query command component 1025 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for receiving, from a second wireless communication device, a query command indicating a codebook configuration associated with a compressed sensing-based access procedure. The random access preamble component 1030 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for transmitting, to the second wireless communication device and in response to the query command, a random access message including a random access preamble, where the random access preamble is from a codebook in accordance with the codebook configuration. The RAR message component 1035 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for receiving, from the second wireless communication device, a RAR message based on the random access preamble. The ID and data message component 1040 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for transmitting, to the second wireless communication device, a message including an ID associated with the first wireless communication device or both the ID and a data payload, where the message is transmitted based on receiving the RAR message.
[0165] In some examples, to support receiving the RAR message, the uplink grant component 1045 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for receiving the RAR message including an uplink grant associated with the first wireless communication device, where the message is transmitted in accordance with the uplink grant.
[0166] In some examples, to support receiving the RAR message, the uplink grant component 1045 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for receiving the RAR message including an uplink grant of a set of multiple uplink grants, each uplink grant of the set of multiple uplink grants corresponding to a group of first wireless communication devices, where the message is transmitted in accordance with the uplink grant.
[0167] In some examples, the uplink grant component 1045 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for receiving an additional RAR message including the uplink grant of the set of multiple uplink grants, the additional RAR message received based on the random access preamble. In some examples, the ID and data message component 1040 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for transmitting, to the second wireless communication device, a second message including the ID or both the ID and a second data payload, where the second message is transmitted based on receiving the additional RAR message.
[0168] In some examples, to support receiving the RAR message, the RAR message component 1035 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for receiving the RAR message including an indication of a group resource and a set of multiple random access preamble indices, the group resource including a set of multiple resources associated with a set of multiple first wireless communication devices including the first wireless communication device, where the set of multiple random access preamble indices are associated with each first wireless communication device of the set of multiple first wireless communication devices. In some examples, the RAR message includes an uplink grant for the group resource.
[0169] In some examples, the preamble index component 1055 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for determining an order of a random access preamble index associated with the random access preamble and the first wireless communication device. In some examples, the preamble index component 1055 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for identifying, from the group resource, a set of resources that is associated with the first wireless communication device based on the order, where the message is transmitted via the set of resources.
[0170] In some examples, the indication of the group resource includes an indication of a starting time of the group resource and a time-domain increment between each resource of the set of multiple resources. In some examples, the starting time and the time-domain increment are based on time-division multiplexed communications between the first wireless communication device and the second wireless communication device.
[0171] In some examples, the indication of the group resource further includes an indication of a quantity of frequency shifts within a slot, a starting frequency shift of the group resource, and a frequency-domain increment between each resource of the set of multiple resources. In some examples, quantity of frequency shifts, the starting frequency shift and the frequency-domain increment are based on both frequency-division multiplexed and time-division multiplexed communications between the first wireless communication device and the second wireless communication device.
[0172] In some examples, the indication of the group resource includes an indication of a starting frequency shift of the group resource and a frequency-domain increment between each resource of the set of multiple resources. In some examples, the starting frequency shift and the frequency-domain increment are based on frequency-division multiplexed communications between the first wireless communication device and the second wireless communication device.
[0173] In some examples, the indication of the group resource includes an indication of a starting codeword index and a codeword index increment for each resource of the set of multiple resources. In some examples, the starting codeword index and the codeword index increment are based on code-division multiplexed communications between the first wireless communication device and the second wireless communication device.
[0174] In some examples, the preamble selection component 1050 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for selecting the random access preamble from the codebook including a set of multiple random access preambles in accordance with the codebook configuration, the set of multiple random access preambles being associated with respective device capabilities, where the random access preamble is selected based on a device capability associated with the first wireless communication device or both the device capability and the data payload.
[0175] In some examples, to support receiving the RAR message, the RAR message component 1035 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for receiving the RAR message including an indication of an uplink grant for a set of resources based on the random access preamble, where the set of resources includes a first resource for the ID and a second resource for the data payload, the message transmitted via the first resource and the second resource.
[0176] In some examples, to support receiving the RAR message, the RAR message component 1035 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for receiving the RAR message including an indication of one or more partial bits of a random access preamble index and respective positions of the one or more partial bits, the random access preamble index corresponding to the random access preamble, where one or more resources for the message are based on the one or more partial bits and the respective positions of the one or more partial bits.
[0177] In some examples, to support receiving the RAR message, the RAR message component 1035 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for receiving the RAR message including an indication of one or more check bits of a random access preamble index associated with the random access preamble.
[0178] In some examples, to support receiving the RAR message, the RAR message component 1035 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for receiving the RAR message including an indication of a set of bits associated with a random access preamble index corresponding to the random access preamble, the set of bits indicated via a set of multiple layers of bits, where one or more resources for the message are based on the set of bits.
[0179] FIG. 11 shows a diagram of a system 1100 including a device 1105 that supports compressed sensing-based access for A-IoT devices in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The device 1105 may be an example of or include the components of a device 805, a device 905, or a wireless communication device as described herein. The device 1105 may include components for bi-directional voice and data communications including components for transmitting and receiving communications, such as a communications manager 1120, an I / O controller 1110, a transceiver 1115, an antenna 1125, at least one memory 1130, code 1135, and at least one processor 1140. These components may be in electronic communication or otherwise coupled (e.g., operatively, communicatively, functionally, electronically, electrically) via one or more buses (e.g., a bus 1145) .
[0180] The I / O controller 1110 may manage input and output signals for the device 1105. The I / O controller 1110 may also manage peripherals not integrated into the device 1105. In some cases, the I / O controller 1110 may represent a physical connection or port to an external peripheral. In some cases, the I / O controller 1110 may utilize an operating system such as or another known operating system. Additionally, or alternatively, the I / O controller 1110 may represent or interact with a modem, a keyboard, a mouse, a touchscreen, or a similar device. In some cases, the I / O controller 1110 may be implemented as part of one or more processors, such as the at least one processor 1140. In some cases, a user may interact with the device 1105 via the I / O controller 1110 or via hardware components controlled by the I / O controller 1110.
[0181] In some cases, the device 1105 may include a single antenna 1125. However, in some other cases, the device 1105 may have more than one antenna 1125, which may be capable of concurrently transmitting or receiving multiple wireless transmissions. The transceiver 1115 may communicate bi-directionally, via the one or more antennas 1125, wired, or wireless links as described herein. For example, the transceiver 1115 may represent a wireless transceiver and may communicate bi-directionally with another wireless transceiver. The transceiver 1115 may also include a modem to modulate the packets, to provide the modulated packets to one or more antennas 1125 for transmission, and to demodulate packets received from the one or more antennas 1125. The transceiver 1115, or the transceiver 1115 and one or more antennas 1125, may be an example of a transmitter 815, a transmitter 915, a receiver 810, a receiver 910, or any combination thereof or component thereof, as described herein.
[0182] The at least one memory 1130 may include RAM and ROM. The at least one memory 1130 may store computer-readable, computer-executable code 1135 including instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor 1140, cause the device 1105 to perform various functions described herein. The code 1135 may be stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium such as system memory or another type of memory. In some cases, the code 1135 may not be directly executable by the at least one processor 1140 but may cause a computer (e.g., when compiled and executed) to perform functions described herein. In some cases, the at least one memory 1130 may contain, among other things, a BIOS which may control basic hardware or software operation such as the interaction with peripheral components or devices.
[0183] The at least one processor 1140 may include an intelligent hardware device (e.g., a general-purpose processor, a DSP, a CPU, a microcontroller, an ASIC, an FPGA, a programmable logic device, a discrete gate or transistor logic component, a discrete hardware component, or any combination thereof) . In some cases, the at least one processor 1140 may be configured to operate a memory array using a memory controller. In some other cases, a memory controller may be integrated into the at least one processor 1140. The at least one processor 1140 may be configured to execute computer-readable instructions stored in a memory (e.g., the at least one memory 1130) to cause the device 1105 to perform various functions (e.g., functions or tasks supporting compressed sensing-based access for A-IoT devices) . For example, the device 1105 or a component of the device 1105 may include at least one processor 1140 and at least one memory 1130 coupled with or to the at least one processor 1140, the at least one processor 1140 and at least one memory 1130 configured to perform various functions described herein. In some examples, the at least one processor 1140 may include multiple processors and the at least one memory 1130 may include multiple memories. One or more of the multiple processors may be coupled with one or more of the multiple memories, which may, individually or collectively, be configured to perform various functions herein. In some examples, the at least one processor 1140 may be a component of a processing system, which may refer to a system (such as a series) of machines, circuitry (including, for example, one or both of processor circuitry (which may include the at least one processor 1140) and memory circuitry (which may include the at least one memory 1130) ) , or components, that receives or obtains inputs and processes the inputs to produce, generate, or obtain a set of outputs. The processing system may be configured to perform one or more of the functions described herein. For example, the at least one processor 1140 or a processing system including the at least one processor 1140 may be configured to, configurable to, or operable to cause the device 1105 to perform one or more of the functions described herein. Further, as described herein, being “configured to, ” being “configurable to, ” and being “operable to”may be used interchangeably and may be associated with a capability, when executing code stored in the at least one memory 1130 or otherwise, to perform one or more of the functions described herein.
[0184] The communications manager 1120 may support wireless communications in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. For example, the communications manager 1120 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for receiving, from a second wireless communication device, a query command indicating a codebook configuration associated with a compressed sensing-based access procedure. The communications manager 1120 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for transmitting, to the second wireless communication device and in response to the query command, a random access message including a random access preamble, where the random access preamble is from a codebook in accordance with the codebook configuration. The communications manager 1120 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for receiving, from the second wireless communication device, a RAR message based on the random access preamble. The communications manager 1120 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for transmitting, to the second wireless communication device, a message including an ID associated with the first wireless communication device or both the ID and a data payload, where the message is transmitted based on receiving the RAR message.
[0185] By including or configuring the communications manager 1120 in accordance with examples as described herein, the device 1105 may support techniques for compressed sensing-based access for A-IoT devices (e.g., passive tags) , which may reduce complexity, reduce power consumption, reduce memory and storage requirements, and increase efficiency.
[0186] In some examples, the communications manager 1120 may be configured to perform various operations (e.g., receiving, monitoring, transmitting) using or otherwise in cooperation with the transceiver 1115, the one or more antennas 1125, or any combination thereof. Although the communications manager 1120 is illustrated as a separate component, in some examples, one or more functions described with reference to the communications manager 1120 may be supported by or performed by the at least one processor 1140, the at least one memory 1130, the code 1135, or any combination thereof. For example, the code 1135 may include instructions executable by the at least one processor 1140 to cause the device 1105 to perform various aspects of compressed sensing-based access for A-IoT devices as described herein, or the at least one processor 1140 and the at least one memory 1130 may be otherwise configured to, individually or collectively, perform or support such operations.
[0187] FIG. 12 shows a block diagram 1200 of a device 1205 that supports compressed sensing-based access for A-IoT devices in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The device 1205 may be an example of aspects of a second wireless communication device as described herein. The device 1205 may include a receiver 1210, a transmitter 1215, and a communications manager 1220. The device 1205, or one or more components of the device 1205 (e.g., the receiver 1210, the transmitter 1215, and the communications manager 1220) , may include at least one processor, which may be coupled with at least one memory, to, individually or collectively, support or enable the described techniques. Each of these components may be in communication with one another (e.g., via one or more buses) .
[0188] The receiver 1210 may provide a means for obtaining (e.g., receiving, determining, identifying) information such as user data, control information, or any combination thereof (e.g., I / Q samples, symbols, packets, protocol data units, service data units) associated with various channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels, channels associated with a protocol stack) . Information may be passed on to other components of the device 1205. In some examples, the receiver 1210 may support obtaining information by receiving signals via one or more antennas. Additionally, or alternatively, the receiver 1210 may support obtaining information by receiving signals via one or more wired (e.g., electrical, fiber optic) interfaces, wireless interfaces, or any combination thereof.
[0189] The transmitter 1215 may provide a means for outputting (e.g., transmitting, providing, conveying, sending) information generated by other components of the device 1205. For example, the transmitter 1215 may output information such as user data, control information, or any combination thereof (e.g., I / Q samples, symbols, packets, protocol data units, service data units) associated with various channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels, channels associated with a protocol stack) . In some examples, the transmitter 1215 may support outputting information by transmitting signals via one or more antennas. Additionally, or alternatively, the transmitter 1215 may support outputting information by transmitting signals via one or more wired (e.g., electrical, fiber optic) interfaces, wireless interfaces, or any combination thereof. In some examples, the transmitter 1215 and the receiver 1210 may be co-located in a transceiver, which may include or be coupled with a modem.
[0190] The communications manager 1220, the receiver 1210, the transmitter 1215, or various combinations thereof or various components thereof may be examples of means for performing various aspects of compressed sensing-based access for A-IoT devices as described herein. For example, the communications manager 1220, the receiver 1210, the transmitter 1215, or various combinations or components thereof may be capable of performing one or more of the functions described herein.
[0191] In some examples, the communications manager 1220, the receiver 1210, the transmitter 1215, or various combinations or components thereof may be implemented in hardware (e.g., in communications management circuitry) . The hardware may include at least one of a processor, a DSP, a CPU, an ASIC, an FPGA or other programmable logic device, a microcontroller, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof configured as or otherwise supporting, individually or collectively, a means for performing the functions described in the present disclosure. In some examples, at least one processor and at least one memory coupled with the at least one processor may be configured to perform one or more of the functions described herein (e.g., by one or more processors, individually or collectively, executing instructions stored in the at least one memory) .
[0192] Additionally, or alternatively, the communications manager 1220, the receiver 1210, the transmitter 1215, or various combinations or components thereof may be implemented in code (e.g., as communications management software or firmware) executed by at least one processor. If implemented in code executed by at least one processor, the functions of the communications manager 1220, the receiver 1210, the transmitter 1215, or various combinations or components thereof may be performed by a general-purpose processor, a DSP, a CPU, an ASIC, an FPGA, a microcontroller, or any combination of these or other programmable logic devices (e.g., configured as or otherwise supporting, individually or collectively, a means for performing the functions described in the present disclosure) .
[0193] In some examples, the communications manager 1220 may be configured to perform various operations (e.g., receiving, obtaining, monitoring, outputting, transmitting) using or otherwise in cooperation with the receiver 1210, the transmitter 1215, or both. For example, the communications manager 1220 may receive information from the receiver 1210, send information to the transmitter 1215, or be integrated in combination with the receiver 1210, the transmitter 1215, or both to obtain information, output information, or perform various other operations as described herein.
[0194] The communications manager 1220 may support wireless communications in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. For example, the communications manager 1220 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for transmitting, to one or more first wireless communication devices, a query command indicating a codebook configuration associated with a compressed sensing-based access procedure. The communications manager 1220 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for receiving, from a first wireless communication device of the one or more first wireless communication devices and in response to the query command, a random access message including a random access preamble, where the random access preamble is from a codebook in accordance with the codebook configuration. The communications manager 1220 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for transmitting, to the first wireless communication device, a RAR message based on the random access preamble. The communications manager 1220 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for receiving, from the first wireless communication device, a message including an ID associated with the first wireless communication device or both the ID and a data payload, where the message is received based on transmitting the RAR message.
[0195] By including or configuring the communications manager 1220 in accordance with examples as described herein, the device 1205 (e.g., at least one processor controlling or otherwise coupled with the receiver 1210, the transmitter 1215, the communications manager 1220, or a combination thereof) may support techniques for compressed sensing-based access for A-IoT devices (e.g., passive tags) , which may reduce complexity, reduce power consumption, reduce memory and storage requirements, and increase efficiency.
[0196] FIG. 13 shows a block diagram 1300 of a device 1305 that supports compressed sensing-based access for A-IoT devices in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The device 1305 may be an example of aspects of a device 1205 or a wireless device 115 as described herein. The device 1305 may include a receiver 1310, a transmitter 1315, and a communications manager 1320. The device 1305, or one or more components of the device 1305 (e.g., the receiver 1310, the transmitter 1315, and the communications manager 1320) , may include at least one processor, which may be coupled with at least one memory, to support the described techniques. Each of these components may be in communication with one another (e.g., via one or more buses) .
[0197] The receiver 1310 may provide a means for obtaining (e.g., receiving, determining, identifying) information such as user data, control information, or any combination thereof (e.g., I / Q samples, symbols, packets, protocol data units, service data units) associated with various channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels, channels associated with a protocol stack) . Information may be passed on to other components of the device 1305. In some examples, the receiver 1310 may support obtaining information by receiving signals via one or more antennas. Additionally, or alternatively, the receiver 1310 may support obtaining information by receiving signals via one or more wired (e.g., electrical, fiber optic) interfaces, wireless interfaces, or any combination thereof.
[0198] The transmitter 1315 may provide a means for outputting (e.g., transmitting, providing, conveying, sending) information generated by other components of the device 1305. For example, the transmitter 1315 may output information such as user data, control information, or any combination thereof (e.g., I / Q samples, symbols, packets, protocol data units, service data units) associated with various channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels, channels associated with a protocol stack) . In some examples, the transmitter 1315 may support outputting information by transmitting signals via one or more antennas. Additionally, or alternatively, the transmitter 1315 may support outputting information by transmitting signals via one or more wired (e.g., electrical, fiber optic) interfaces, wireless interfaces, or any combination thereof. In some examples, the transmitter 1315 and the receiver 1310 may be co-located in a transceiver, which may include or be coupled with a modem.
[0199] The device 1305, or various components thereof, may be an example of means for performing various aspects of compressed sensing-based access for A-IoT devices as described herein. For example, the communications manager 1320 may include a query command manager 1325, a random access preamble manager 1330, a RAR message manager 1335, an ID and data message manager 1340, or any combination thereof. The communications manager 1320 may be an example of aspects of a communications manager 1220 as described herein. In some examples, the communications manager 1320, or various components thereof, may be configured to perform various operations (e.g., receiving, obtaining, monitoring, outputting, transmitting) using or otherwise in cooperation with the receiver 1310, the transmitter 1315, or both. For example, the communications manager 1320 may receive information from the receiver 1310, send information to the transmitter 1315, or be integrated in combination with the receiver 1310, the transmitter 1315, or both to obtain information, output information, or perform various other operations as described herein.
[0200] The communications manager 1320 may support wireless communications in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. The query command manager 1325 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for transmitting, to one or more first wireless communication devices, a query command indicating a codebook configuration associated with a compressed sensing-based access procedure. The random access preamble manager 1330 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for receiving, from a first wireless communication device of the one or more first wireless communication devices and in response to the query command, a random access message including a random access preamble, where the random access preamble is from a codebook in accordance with the codebook configuration. The RAR message manager 1335 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for transmitting, to the first wireless communication device, a RAR message based on the random access preamble. The ID and data message manager 1340 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for receiving, from the first wireless communication device, a message including an ID associated with the first wireless communication device or both the ID and a data payload, where the message is received based on transmitting the RAR message.
[0201] FIG. 14 shows a block diagram 1400 of a communications manager 1420 that supports compressed sensing-based access for A-IoT devices in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The communications manager 1420 may be an example of aspects of a communications manager 1220, a communications manager 1320, or both, as described herein. The communications manager 1420, or various components thereof, may be an example of means for performing various aspects of compressed sensing-based access for A-IoT devices as described herein. For example, the communications manager 1420 may include a query command manager 1425, a random access preamble manager 1430, a RAR message manager 1435, an ID and data message manager 1440, an uplink grant manager 1445, or any combination thereof. Each of these components, or components or subcomponents thereof (e.g., one or more processors, one or more memories) , may communicate, directly or indirectly, with one another (e.g., via one or more buses) .
[0202] The communications manager 1420 may support wireless communications in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. The query command manager 1425 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for transmitting, to one or more first wireless communication devices, a query command indicating a codebook configuration associated with a compressed sensing-based access procedure. The random access preamble manager 1430 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for receiving, from a first wireless communication device of the one or more first wireless communication devices and in response to the query command, a random access message including a random access preamble, where the random access preamble is from a codebook in accordance with the codebook configuration. The RAR message manager 1435 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for transmitting, to the first wireless communication device, a RAR message based on the random access preamble. The ID and data message manager 1440 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for receiving, from the first wireless communication device, a message including an ID associated with the first wireless communication device or both the ID and a data payload, where the message is received based on transmitting the RAR message.
[0203] In some examples, the query command manager 1425 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for transmitting a second query command to a third wireless communication device of the one or more first wireless communication devices based on failing to receive a second random access preamble from the second wireless communication device.
[0204] In some examples, to support transmitting the RAR message, the uplink grant manager 1445 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for transmitting the RAR message including an uplink grant associated with the first wireless communication device, where the message is in accordance with the uplink grant.
[0205] In some examples, to support transmitting the RAR message, the uplink grant manager 1445 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for transmitting the RAR message including a set of multiple uplink grants, each uplink grant of the set of multiple uplink grants corresponding to a group of first wireless communication devices, where the message is received in accordance with the set of multiple uplink grants.
[0206] In some examples, the uplink grant manager 1445 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for transmitting an additional RAR message including an uplink grant of the set of multiple uplink grants. In some examples, the ID and data message manager 1440 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for receiving, from the first wireless communication device, a second message including the ID or both a second data payload and the ID, where the second message is received based on receiving the additional RAR message.
[0207] In some examples, to support transmitting the RAR message, the RAR message manager 1435 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for transmitting the RAR message including an indication of a group resource and a set of multiple random access preamble indices, the group resource including a set of multiple resources associated with a set of multiple first wireless communication devices including the first wireless communication device, where the set of multiple random access preamble indices are associated with each wireless communication device of the set of multiple first wireless communication devices. In some examples, the RAR message includes an uplink grant for the group resource.
[0208] In some examples, the indication of the group resource includes an indication of a starting time of the group resource and a time-domain increment between each resource of the set of multiple resources. In some examples, the starting time and the time-domain increment are based on time-division multiplexed communications between the first wireless communication device and the second wireless communication device.
[0209] In some examples, the indication of the group resource further includes an indication of a quantity of frequency shifts within a slot, a starting frequency shift of the group resource, and a frequency-domain increment between each resource of the set of multiple resources. In some examples, the quantity of frequency shifts, the starting frequency shift, and the frequency-domain increment are based on frequency-division multiplexed and time-division multiplexed communications between the first wireless communication device and the second wireless communication device.
[0210] In some examples, the indication of the group resource includes an indication of a starting frequency shift of the group resource and a frequency-domain increment between each resource of the set of multiple resources. In some examples, the starting frequency shift and the frequency-domain increment are based on frequency-division multiplexed communications between the first wireless communication device and the second wireless communication device.
[0211] In some examples, the indication of the group resource includes an indication of a starting codeword index and a codeword index increment for each resource of the set of multiple resources. In some examples, the starting codeword index and the codeword index increment are based on code-division multiplexed communications between the first wireless communication device and the second wireless communication device.
[0212] In some examples, the random access preamble is from the codebook including a set of multiple random access preambles in accordance with the codebook configuration, the set of multiple random access preambles being associated with respective device capabilities. In some examples, the random access preamble is based on a device capability associated with the first wireless communication device or both the device capability and the data payload.
[0213] In some examples, to support transmitting the RAR message, the RAR message manager 1435 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for transmitting the RAR message including an indication of an uplink grant for a set of resources based on the random access preamble, where the set of resources includes a first resource for the ID and a second resource for the data payload, the message transmitted via the first resource and the second resource.
[0214] In some examples, to support transmitting the RAR message including the random access preamble, the RAR message manager 1435 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for transmitting the RAR message including an indication of one or more partial bits of a random access preamble index and respective positions of the one or more partial bits, the random access preamble index corresponding to the random access preamble, where one or more resources for the message are based on the one or more partial bits and the respective positions of the one or more partial bits.
[0215] In some examples, to support transmitting the RAR message including the random access preamble, the RAR message manager 1435 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for transmitting the RAR message including an indication of one or more check bits of a random access preamble index associated with the random access preamble.
[0216] In some examples, to support transmitting the RAR message including the random access preamble, the RAR message manager 1435 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for transmitting the RAR message including an indication of a set of bits associated with a random access preamble index corresponding to the random access preamble, the set of bits indicated via two a set of multiple layers of bits, where one or more resources for the message are based on the set of bits.
[0217] FIG. 15 shows a diagram of a system 1500 including a device 1505 that supports compressed sensing-based access for A-IoT devices in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The device 1505 may be an example of or include the components of a device 1205, a device 1305, or a second wireless communication device as described herein. The device 1505 may include components for bi-directional voice and data communications including components for transmitting and receiving communications, such as a communications manager 1520, a transceiver 1510, an antenna 1515, at least one memory 1525, code 1530, and at least one processor 1535. These components may be in electronic communication or otherwise coupled (e.g., operatively, communicatively, functionally, electronically, electrically) via one or more buses (e.g., a bus 1540) .
[0218] The transceiver 1510 may support bi-directional communications via wired links, wireless links, or both as described herein. In some examples, the transceiver 1510 may include a wired transceiver and may communicate bi-directionally with another wired transceiver. Additionally, or alternatively, in some examples, the transceiver 1510 may include a wireless transceiver and may communicate bi-directionally with another wireless transceiver. In some examples, the device 1505 may include one or more antennas 1515, which may be capable of transmitting or receiving wireless transmissions (e.g., concurrently) . The transceiver 1510 may also include a modem to modulate signals, to provide the modulated signals for transmission (e.g., by one or more antennas 1515, by a wired transmitter) , to receive modulated signals (e.g., from one or more antennas 1515, from a wired receiver) , and to demodulate signals. In some implementations, the transceiver 1510 may include one or more interfaces, such as one or more interfaces coupled with the one or more antennas 1515 that are configured to support various receiving or obtaining operations, or one or more interfaces coupled with the one or more antennas 1515 that are configured to support various transmitting or outputting operations, or a combination thereof. In some implementations, the transceiver 1510 may include or be configured for coupling with one or more processors or one or more memory components that are operable to perform or support operations based on received or obtained information or signals, or to generate information or other signals for transmission or other outputting, or any combination thereof. In some implementations, the transceiver 1510, or the transceiver 1510 and the one or more antennas 1515, or the transceiver 1510 and the one or more antennas 1515 and one or more processors or one or more memory components (e.g., the at least one processor 1535, the at least one memory 1525, or both) , may be included in a chip or chip assembly that is installed in the device 1505. In some examples, the transceiver 1510 may be operable to support communications via one or more communications links (e.g., a communication link 125, a backhaul communication link 120, a midhaul communication link 162, a fronthaul communication link 168) .
[0219] The at least one memory 1525 may include RAM, ROM, or any combination thereof. The at least one memory 1525 may store computer-readable, computer-executable code 1530 including instructions that, when executed by one or more of the at least one processor 1535, cause the device 1505 to perform various functions described herein. The code 1530 may be stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium such as system memory or another type of memory. In some cases, the code 1530 may not be directly executable by a processor of the at least one processor 1535 but may cause a computer (e.g., when compiled and executed) to perform functions described herein. In some cases, the at least one memory 1525 may contain, among other things, a BIOS which may control basic hardware or software operation such as the interaction with peripheral components or devices. In some examples, the at least one processor 1535 may include multiple processors and the at least one memory 1525 may include multiple memories. One or more of the multiple processors may be coupled with one or more of the multiple memories which may, individually or collectively, be configured to perform various functions herein (for example, as part of a processing system) .
[0220] The at least one processor 1535 may include an intelligent hardware device (e.g., a general-purpose processor, a DSP, an ASIC, a CPU, an FPGA, a microcontroller, a programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, a discrete hardware component, or any combination thereof) . In some cases, the at least one processor 1535 may be configured to operate a memory array using a memory controller. In some other cases, a memory controller may be integrated into one or more of the at least one processor 1535. The at least one processor 1535 may be configured to execute computer-readable instructions stored in a memory (e.g., one or more of the at least one memory 1525) to cause the device 1505 to perform various functions (e.g., functions or tasks supporting compressed sensing-based access for A-IoT devices) . For example, the device 1505 or a component of the device 1505 may include at least one processor 1535 and at least one memory 1525 coupled with one or more of the at least one processor 1535, the at least one processor 1535 and the at least one memory 1525 configured to perform various functions described herein. The at least one processor 1535 may be an example of a cloud-computing platform (e.g., one or more physical nodes and supporting software such as operating systems, virtual machines, or container instances) that may host the functions (e.g., by executing code 1530) to perform the functions of the device 1505. The at least one processor 1535 may be any one or more suitable processors capable of executing scripts or instructions of one or more software programs stored in the device 1505 (such as within one or more of the at least one memory 1525) . In some examples, the at least one processor 1535 may include multiple processors and the at least one memory 1525 may include multiple memories. One or more of the multiple processors may be coupled with one or more of the multiple memories, which may, individually or collectively, be configured to perform various functions herein. In some examples, the at least one processor 1535 may be a component of a processing system, which may refer to a system (such as a series) of machines, circuitry (including, for example, one or both of processor circuitry (which may include the at least one processor 1535) and memory circuitry (which may include the at least one memory 1525) ) , or components, that receives or obtains inputs and processes the inputs to produce, generate, or obtain a set of outputs. The processing system may be configured to perform one or more of the functions described herein. For example, the at least one processor 1535 or a processing system including the at least one processor 1535 may be configured to, configurable to, or operable to cause the device 1505 to perform one or more of the functions described herein. Further, as described herein, being “configured to, ” being “configurable to, ” and being “operable to”may be used interchangeably and may be associated with a capability, when executing code stored in the at least one memory 1525 or otherwise, to perform one or more of the functions described herein.
[0221] In some examples, a bus 1540 may support communications of (e.g., within) a protocol layer of a protocol stack. In some examples, a bus 1540 may support communications associated with a logical channel of a protocol stack (e.g., between protocol layers of a protocol stack) , which may include communications performed within a component of the device 1505, or between different components of the device 1505 that may be co-located or located in different locations (e.g., where the device 1505 may refer to a system in which one or more of the communications manager 1520, the transceiver 1510, the at least one memory 1525, the code 1530, and the at least one processor 1535 may be located in one of the different components or divided between different components) .
[0222] In some examples, the communications manager 1520 may manage aspects of communications with a core network 130 (e.g., via one or more wired or wireless backhaul links) . For example, the communications manager 1520 may manage the transfer of data communications for client devices, such as one or more UEs 115. In some examples, the communications manager 1520 may manage communications with other network entities 105, and may include a controller or scheduler for controlling communications with UEs 115 in cooperation with other network entities 105. In some examples, the communications manager 1520 may support an X2 interface within an LTE / LTE-A wireless communications network technology to provide communication between network entities 105.
[0223] The communications manager 1520 may support wireless communications in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. For example, the communications manager 1520 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for transmitting, to one or more first wireless communication devices, a query command indicating a codebook configuration associated with a compressed sensing-based access procedure. The communications manager 1520 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for receiving, from a first wireless communication device of the one or more first wireless communication devices and in response to the query command, a random access message including a random access preamble, where the random access preamble is from a codebook in accordance with the codebook configuration. The communications manager 1520 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for transmitting, to the first wireless communication device, a RAR message based on the random access preamble. The communications manager 1520 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support a means for receiving, from the first wireless communication device, a message including an ID associated with the first wireless communication device or both the ID and a data payload, where the message is received based on transmitting the RAR message.
[0224] By including or configuring the communications manager 1520 in accordance with examples as described herein, the device 1505 may support techniques for compressed sensing-based access for A-IoT devices (e.g., passive tags) , which may reduce complexity, reduce power consumption, reduce memory and storage requirements, and increase efficiency.
[0225] In some examples, the communications manager 1520 may be configured to perform various operations (e.g., receiving, obtaining, monitoring, outputting, transmitting) using or otherwise in cooperation with the transceiver 1510, the one or more antennas 1515 (e.g., where applicable) , or any combination thereof. Although the communications manager 1520 is illustrated as a separate component, in some examples, one or more functions described with reference to the communications manager 1520 may be supported by or performed by the transceiver 1510, one or more of the at least one processor 1535, one or more of the at least one memory 1525, the code 1530, or any combination thereof (for example, by a processing system including at least a portion of the at least one processor 1535, the at least one memory 1525, the code 1530, or any combination thereof) . For example, the code 1530 may include instructions executable by one or more of the at least one processor 1535 to cause the device 1505 to perform various aspects of compressed sensing-based access for A-IoT devices as described herein, or the at least one processor 1535 and the at least one memory 1525 may be otherwise configured to, individually or collectively, perform or support such operations.
[0226] FIG. 16 shows a flowchart illustrating a method 1600 that supports compressed sensing-based access for A-IoT devices in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The operations of the method 1600 may be implemented by a first wireless communication device or its components as described herein. For example, the operations of the method 1600 may be performed by a first wireless communication device as described with reference to FIGs. 1 through 11. In some examples, a first wireless communication device may execute a set of instructions to control the functional elements of the first wireless communication device to perform the described functions. Additionally, or alternatively, the first wireless communication device may perform aspects of the described functions using special-purpose hardware.
[0227] At 1605, the method may include receiving, from a second wireless communication device, a query command indicating a codebook configuration associated with a compressed sensing-based access procedure. The operations of 1605 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1605 may be performed by a query command component 1025 as described with reference to FIG. 10.
[0228] At 1610, the method may include transmitting, to the second wireless communication device and in response to the query command, a random access message including a random access preamble, where the random access preamble is from a codebook in accordance with the codebook configuration. The operations of 1610 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1610 may be performed by a random access preamble component 1030 as described with reference to FIG. 10.
[0229] At 1615, the method may include receiving, from the second wireless communication device, a RAR message based on the random access preamble. The operations of 1615 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1615 may be performed by a RAR message component 1035 as described with reference to FIG. 10.
[0230] At 1620, the method may include transmitting, to the second wireless communication device, a message including an ID associated with the first wireless communication device or both the ID and a data payload, where the message is transmitted based on receiving the RAR message. The operations of 1620 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1620 may be performed by an ID and data message component 1040 as described with reference to FIG. 10.
[0231] FIG. 17 shows a flowchart illustrating a method 1700 that supports compressed sensing-based access for A-IoT devices in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The operations of the method 1700 may be implemented by a first wireless communication device or its components as described herein. For example, the operations of the method 1700 may be performed by a first wireless communication device as described with reference to FIGs. 1 through 11. In some examples, a first wireless communication device may execute a set of instructions to control the functional elements of the first wireless communication device to perform the described functions. Additionally, or alternatively, the first wireless communication device may perform aspects of the described functions using special-purpose hardware.
[0232] At 1705, the method may include receiving, from a second wireless communication device, a query command indicating a codebook configuration associated with a compressed sensing-based access procedure. The operations of 1705 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1705 may be performed by a query command component 1025 as described with reference to FIG. 10.
[0233] At 1710, the method may include transmitting, to the second wireless communication device and in response to the query command, a random access message including a random access preamble, where the random access preamble is from a codebook in accordance with the codebook configuration. The operations of 1710 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1710 may be performed by a random access preamble component 1030 as described with reference to FIG. 10.
[0234] At 1715, the method may include receiving, from the second wireless communication device, a RAR message based on the random access preamble, the RAR message including an uplink grant associated with the first wireless communication device. The operations of 1715 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1715 may be performed by a RAR message component 1035 as described with reference to FIG. 10.
[0235] At 1720, the method may include transmitting, to the second wireless communication device, a message including an ID associated with the first wireless communication device or both the ID and a data payload, where the message is transmitted in accordance with the uplink grant. The operations of 1720 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1720 may be performed by an ID and data message component 1040 as described with reference to FIG. 10.
[0236] FIG. 18 shows a flowchart illustrating a method 1800 that supports compressed sensing-based access for A-IoT devices in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The operations of the method 1800 may be implemented by a first wireless communication device or its components as described herein. For example, the operations of the method 1800 may be performed by a first wireless communication device as described with reference to FIGs. 1 through 11. In some examples, a first wireless communication device may execute a set of instructions to control the functional elements of the first wireless communication device to perform the described functions. Additionally, or alternatively, the first wireless communication device may perform aspects of the described functions using special-purpose hardware.
[0237] At 1805, the method may include receiving, from a second wireless communication device, a query command indicating a codebook configuration associated with a compressed sensing-based access procedure. The operations of 1805 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1805 may be performed by a query command component 1025 as described with reference to FIG. 10.
[0238] At 1810, the method may include transmitting, to the second wireless communication device and in response to the query command, a random access message including a random access preamble, where the random access preamble is from a codebook in accordance with the codebook configuration. The operations of 1810 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1810 may be performed by a random access preamble component 1030 as described with reference to FIG. 10.
[0239] At 1815, the method may include receiving, from the second wireless communication device, a RAR message based on the random access preamble, the RAR message including an indication of a group resource and a set of multiple random access preamble indices, the group resource including a set of multiple resources associated with a set of multiple first wireless communication devices including the first wireless communication device, where the set of multiple random access preamble indices are associated with each wireless communication device of the set of multiple first wireless communication devices. The operations of 1815 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1815 may be performed by a RAR message component 1035 as described with reference to FIG. 10.
[0240] At 1820, the method may include transmitting, to the second wireless communication device, a message including an ID associated with the first wireless communication device or both the ID and a data payload, where the message is transmitted based on receiving the RAR message. The operations of 1820 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1820 may be performed by an ID and data message component 1040 as described with reference to FIG. 10.
[0241] FIG. 19 shows a flowchart illustrating a method 1900 that supports compressed sensing-based access for A-IoT devices in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The operations of the method 1900 may be implemented by a second wireless communication device or its components as described herein. For example, the operations of the method 1900 may be performed by a second wireless communication device as described with reference to FIGs. 1 through 7 and 12 through 15. In some examples, a second wireless communication device may execute a set of instructions to control the functional elements of the second wireless communication device to perform the described functions. Additionally, or alternatively, the second wireless communication device may perform aspects of the described functions using special-purpose hardware.
[0242] At 1905, the method may include transmitting, to one or more first wireless communication devices, a query command indicating a codebook configuration associated with a compressed sensing-based access procedure. The operations of 1905 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1905 may be performed by a query command manager 1425 as described with reference to FIG. 14.
[0243] At 1910, the method may include receiving, from a first wireless communication device of the one or more first wireless communication devices and in response to the query command, a random access message including a random access preamble, where the random access preamble is from a codebook in accordance with the codebook configuration. The operations of 1910 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1910 may be performed by a random access preamble manager 1430 as described with reference to FIG. 14.
[0244] At 1915, the method may include transmitting, to the first wireless communication device, a RAR message based on the random access preamble. The operations of 1915 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1915 may be performed by a RAR message manager 1435 as described with reference to FIG. 14.
[0245] At 1920, the method may include receiving, from the first wireless communication device, a message including an ID associated with the first wireless communication device or both the ID and a data payload, where the message is received based on transmitting the RAR message. The operations of 1920 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1920 may be performed by an ID and data message manager 1440 as described with reference to FIG. 14.
[0246] FIG. 20 shows a flowchart illustrating a method 2000 that supports compressed sensing-based access for A-IoT devices in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The operations of the method 2000 may be implemented by a second wireless communication device or its components as described herein. For example, the operations of the method 2000 may be performed by a second wireless communication device as described with reference to FIGs. 1 through 7 and 12 through 15. In some examples, a second wireless communication device may execute a set of instructions to control the functional elements of the second wireless communication device to perform the described functions. Additionally, or alternatively, the second wireless communication device may perform aspects of the described functions using special-purpose hardware.
[0247] At 2005, the method may include transmitting, to one or more first wireless communication devices, a query command indicating a codebook configuration associated with a compressed sensing-based access procedure. The operations of 2005 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 2005 may be performed by a query command manager 1425 as described with reference to FIG. 14.
[0248] At 2010, the method may include receiving, from a first wireless communication device of the one or more first wireless communication devices and in response to the query command, a random access message including a random access preamble, where the random access preamble is from a codebook in accordance with the codebook configuration. The operations of 2010 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 2010 may be performed by a random access preamble manager 1430 as described with reference to FIG. 14.
[0249] At 2015, the method may include transmitting, to the first wireless communication device, a RAR message based on the random access preamble. The operations of 2015 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 2015 may be performed by a RAR message manager 1435 as described with reference to FIG. 14.
[0250] At 2020, the method may include receiving, from the first wireless communication device, a message including an ID associated with the first wireless communication device or both the ID and a data payload, where the message is received based on transmitting the RAR message. The operations of 2020 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 2020 may be performed by an ID and data message manager 1440 as described with reference to FIG. 14.
[0251] At 2025, the method may include transmitting a second query command to a second wireless communication device of the one or more first wireless communication devices based on failing to receive a second random access preamble from the second wireless communication device. The operations of 2025 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 2025 may be performed by a query command manager 1425 as described with reference to FIG. 14.
[0252] FIG. 21 shows a flowchart illustrating a method 2100 that supports compressed sensing-based access for A-IoT devices in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The operations of the method 2100 may be implemented by a second wireless communication device or its components as described herein. For example, the operations of the method 2100 may be performed by a second wireless communication device as described with reference to FIGs. 1 through 7 and 12 through 15. In some examples, a wireless device may execute a set of instructions to control the functional elements of the second wireless communication device to perform the described functions. Additionally, or alternatively, the second wireless communication device may perform aspects of the described functions using special-purpose hardware.
[0253] At 2105, the method may include transmitting, to one or more first wireless communication devices, a query command indicating a codebook configuration associated with a compressed sensing-based access procedure. The operations of 2105 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 2105 may be performed by a query command manager 1425 as described with reference to FIG. 14.
[0254] At 2110, the method may include receiving, from a first wireless communication device of the one or more first wireless communication devices and in response to the query command, a random access message including a random access preamble, where the random access preamble is from a codebook in accordance with the codebook configuration. The operations of 2110 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 2110 may be performed by a random access preamble manager 1430 as described with reference to FIG. 14.
[0255] At 2115, the method may include transmitting, to the first wireless communication device, a RAR message based on the random access preamble, the RAR message including an indication of one or more partial bits of a random access preamble index and respective positions of the one or more partial bits, the random access preamble index corresponding to the random access preamble, where one or more resources for the message are based on the one or more partial bits and the respective positions of the one or more partial bits. The operations of 2115 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 2115 may be performed by a RAR message manager 1435 as described with reference to FIG. 14.
[0256] At 2120, the method may include receiving, from the first wireless communication device, a message including an ID associated with the first wireless communication device or both the ID and a data payload, where the message is received based on transmitting the RAR message. The operations of 2120 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 2120 may be performed by an ID and data message manager 1440 as described with reference to FIG. 14.
[0257] The following provides an overview of aspects of the present disclosure:
[0258] Aspect 1: A method for wireless communications at a first wireless communication device, comprising: receiving, from a second wireless communication device, a query command indicating a codebook configuration associated with a compressed sensing-based access procedure; transmitting, to the second wireless communication device and in response to the query command, a random access message including a random access preamble, wherein the random access preamble is from a codebook in accordance with the codebook configuration; receiving, from the second wireless communication device, a RAR message based at least in part on the random access preamble; and transmitting, to the second wireless communication device, a message including an ID associated with the wireless communication device or both the ID and a data payload, wherein the message is transmitted based at least in part on receiving the RAR message.
[0259] Aspect 2: The method of aspect 1, wherein receiving the RAR message comprises: receiving the RAR message including an uplink grant associated with the wireless communication device, wherein the message is transmitted in accordance with the uplink grant.
[0260] Aspect 3: The method of aspect 1, wherein receiving the RAR message comprises: receiving the RAR message including an uplink grant of a plurality of uplink grants, each uplink grant of the plurality of uplink grants corresponding to a group of wireless communication devices, wherein the message is transmitted in accordance with the uplink grant.
[0261] Aspect 4: The method of aspect 3, further comprising: receiving an additional RAR message including the uplink grant of the plurality of uplink grants, the additional RAR message received based at least in part on the random access preamble; and transmitting, to the second wireless communication device, a second message including the ID or both the ID and a second data payload, wherein the second message is transmitted based at least in part on receiving the additional RAR message.
[0262] Aspect 5: The method of any of aspects 1 through 4, wherein receiving the RAR message comprises: receiving the RAR message including an indication of a group resource and a plurality of random access preamble indices, the group resource comprising a plurality of resources associated with a plurality of first wireless communication devices including the first wireless communication device, wherein the plurality of random access preamble indices are associated with each wireless communication device of the plurality of first wireless communication devices.
[0263] Aspect 6: The method of aspect 5, wherein the RAR message includes an uplink grant for the group resource.
[0264] Aspect 7: The method of any of aspects 5 through 6, further comprising: determining an order of a random access preamble index associated with the random access preamble and the wireless communication device; and identifying, from the group resource, a set of resources that is associated with the wireless communication device based at least in part on the order, wherein the message is transmitted via the set of resources.
[0265] Aspect 8: The method of any of aspects 5 through 7, wherein the indication of the group resource comprises an indication of a starting time of the group resource and a time-domain increment between each resource of the plurality of resources, the starting time and the time-domain increment are based at least in part on TDMed communications between the wireless communication device and the second wireless communication device.
[0266] Aspect 9: The method of aspect 8, wherein the indication of the group resource further comprises an indication of a quantity of frequency shifts within a slot, a starting frequency shift of the group resource, and a frequency-domain increment between each resource of the plurality of resources, quantity of frequency shifts, the starting frequency shift and the frequency-domain increment are based at least in part on both FDMed and TDMed communications between the wireless communication device and the second wireless communication device.
[0267] Aspect 10: The method of any of aspects 5 through 9, wherein the indication of the group resource comprises an indication of a starting frequency shift of the group resource and a frequency-domain increment between each resource of the plurality of resources, the starting frequency shift and the frequency-domain increment are based at least in part on FDMed communications between the wireless communication device and the second wireless communication device.
[0268] Aspect 11: The method of any of aspects 5 through 10, wherein the indication of the group resource comprises an indication of a starting codeword index and a codeword index increment for each resource of the plurality of resources, the starting codeword index and the codeword index increment are based at least in part on CDMed communications between the wireless communication device and the second wireless communication device.
[0269] Aspect 12: The method of any of aspects 1 through 11, further comprising: selecting the random access preamble from the codebook comprising a plurality of random access preambles in accordance with the codebook configuration, the plurality of random access preambles being associated with respective device capabilities, wherein the random access preamble is selected based at least in part on a device capability associated with the wireless communication device or both the device capability and the data payload.
[0270] Aspect 13: The method of aspect 12, wherein the message includes both the ID and the data payload, wherein receiving the RAR message comprises: receiving the RAR message including an indication of an uplink grant for a set of resources based at least in part on the random access preamble, wherein the set of resources comprises a first resource for the ID and a second resource for the data payload, the message transmitted via the first resource and the second resource.
[0271] Aspect 14: The method of any of aspects 1 through 13, wherein receiving the RAR message comprises: receiving the RAR message including an indication of one or more partial bits of a random access preamble index and respective positions of the one or more partial bits, the random access preamble index corresponding to the random access preamble, wherein one or more resources for the message are based at least in part on the one or more partial bits and the respective positions of the one or more partial bits.
[0272] Aspect 15: The method of any of aspects 1 through 14, wherein receiving the RAR message comprises: receiving the RAR message including an indication of one or more check bits of a random access preamble index associated with the random access preamble.
[0273] Aspect 16: The method of any of aspects 1 through 13, wherein receiving the RAR message comprises: receiving the RAR message including an indication of a set of bits associated with a random access preamble index corresponding to the random access preamble, the set of bits indicated via a plurality of layers of bits, wherein one or more resources for the message are based at least in part on the set of bits.
[0274] Aspect 17: A method for wireless communications at second wireless communication device, comprising: transmitting, to one or more first wireless communication devices, a query command indicating a codebook configuration associated with a compressed sensing-based access procedure; receiving, from a first wireless communication device of the one or more first wireless communication devices and in response to the query command, a random access message including a random access preamble, wherein the random access preamble is from a codebook in accordance with the codebook configuration; transmitting, to the first wireless communication device, a RAR message based at least in part on the random access preamble; and receiving, from the first wireless communication device, a message including an ID associated with the first wireless communication device or both the ID and a data payload, wherein the message is received based at least in part on transmitting the RAR message.
[0275] Aspect 18: The method of aspect 17, further comprising: transmitting a second query command to a third wireless communication device of the one or more wireless communication devices based at least in part on failing to receive a second random access preamble from the second wireless communication device.
[0276] Aspect 19: The method of any of aspects 17 through 18, wherein transmitting the RAR message comprises: transmitting the RAR message including an uplink grant associated with the first wireless communication device, wherein the message is in accordance with the uplink grant.
[0277] Aspect 20: The method of any of aspects 17 through 18, wherein transmitting the RAR message further comprises: transmitting the RAR message including a plurality of uplink grants, each uplink grant of the plurality of uplink grants corresponding to a group of wireless communication devices, wherein the message is received in accordance with the plurality of uplink grants.
[0278] Aspect 21: The method of aspect 20, further comprising: transmitting an additional RAR message including an uplink grant of the plurality of uplink grants; and receiving, from the first wireless communication device, a second message including the ID or both a second data payload and the ID, wherein the second message is received based at least in part on receiving the additional RAR message.
[0279] Aspect 22: The method of any of aspects 17 through 21, wherein transmitting the RAR message comprises: transmitting the RAR message including an indication of a group resource and a plurality of random access preamble indices, the group resource comprising a plurality of resources associated with a plurality of first wireless communication devices including the first wireless communication device, wherein the plurality of random access preamble indices are associated with each wireless communication device of the plurality of first wireless communication devices.
[0280] Aspect 23: The method of aspect 22, wherein the RAR message includes an uplink grant for the group resource.
[0281] Aspect 24: The method of any of aspects 22 through 23, wherein the indication of the group resource comprises an indication of a starting time of the group resource and a time-domain increment between each resource of the plurality of resources, the starting time and the time-domain increment are based at least in part on TDMed communications between the first wireless communication device and the second wireless communication device.
[0282] Aspect 25: The method of any of aspects 22 through 24, wherein the indication of the group resource further comprises an indication of a quantity of frequency shifts within a slot, a starting frequency shift of the group resource, and a frequency-domain increment between each resource of the plurality of resources, the quantity of frequency shifts, the starting frequency shift, and the frequency-domain increment are based at least in part on FDMed and TDMed communications between the first wireless communication device and the second wireless communication device.
[0283] Aspect 26: The method of any of aspects 22 through 25, wherein the indication of the group resource comprises an indication of a starting frequency shift of the group resource and a frequency-domain increment between each resource of the plurality of resources, the starting frequency shift and the frequency-domain increment are based at least in part on FDMed communications between the first wireless communication device and the second wireless communication device.
[0284] Aspect 27: The method of any of aspects 22 through 26, wherein the indication of the group resource comprises an indication of a starting codeword index and a codeword index increment for each resource of the plurality of resources, the starting codeword index and the codeword index increment are based at least in part on CDMed communications between the first wireless communication device and the second wireless communication device.
[0285] Aspect 28: The method of any of aspects 17 through 27, wherein the random access preamble is from the codebook comprising a plurality of random access preambles in accordance with the codebook configuration, the plurality of random access preambles being associated with respective device capabilities, the random access preamble is based at least in part on a device capability associated with the first wireless communication device or both the device capability and the data payload.
[0286] Aspect 29: The method of aspect 28, wherein the message includes both the ID and the data payload, wherein transmitting the RAR message comprises: transmitting the RAR message including an indication of an uplink grant for a set of resources based at least in part on the random access preamble, wherein the set of resources comprises a first resource for the ID and a second resource for the data payload, the message transmitted via the first resource and the second resource.
[0287] Aspect 30: The method of any of aspects 17 through 29, wherein transmitting the RAR message including the random access preamble comprises: transmitting the RAR message including an indication of one or more partial bits of a random access preamble index and respective positions of the one or more partial bits, the random access preamble index corresponding to the random access preamble, wherein one or more resources for the message are based at least in part on the one or more partial bits and the respective positions of the one or more partial bits.
[0288] Aspect 31: The method of any of aspects 17 through 30, wherein transmitting the RAR message including the random access preamble comprises: transmitting the RAR message including an indication of one or more check bits of a random access preamble index associated with the random access preamble.
[0289] Aspect 32: The method of any of aspects 17 through 29, wherein transmitting the RAR message including the random access preamble comprises: transmitting the RAR message including an indication of a set of bits associated with a random access preamble index corresponding to the random access preamble, the set of bits indicated via two a plurality of layers of bits, wherein one or more resources for the message are based at least in part on the set of bits.
[0290] Aspect 33: A first wireless communication device for wireless communications, comprising one or more memories storing processor-executable code, and one or more processors coupled with the one or more memories and individually or collectively operable to execute the code to cause the first wireless communication device to perform a method of any of aspects 1 through 16.
[0291] Aspect 34: A first wireless communication device for wireless communications, comprising at least one means for performing a method of any of aspects 1 through 16.
[0292] Aspect 35: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communications, the code comprising instructions executable by one or more processors to perform a method of any of aspects 1 through 16.
[0293] Aspect 36: A second wireless communication device for wireless communications, comprising one or more memories storing processor-executable code, and one or more processors coupled with the one or more memories and individually or collectively operable to execute the code to cause the second wireless communication device to perform a method of any of aspects 17 through 32.
[0294] Aspect 37: A second wireless communication device for wireless communications, comprising at least one means for performing a method of any of aspects 17 through 32.
[0295] Aspect 38: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communications, the code comprising instructions executable by one or more processors to perform a method of any of aspects 17 through 32.
[0296] It should be noted that the methods described herein describe possible implementations, and that the operations and the steps may be rearranged or otherwise modified and that other implementations are possible. Further, aspects from two or more of the methods may be combined.
[0297] Although aspects of an LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, or NR system may be described for purposes of example, and LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, or NR terminology may be used in much of the description, the techniques described herein are applicable beyond LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, or NR networks. For example, the described techniques may be applicable to various other wireless communications systems such as Ultra Mobile Broadband (UMB) , Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11 (Wi-Fi) , IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX) , IEEE 802.20, Flash-OFDM, as well as other systems and radio technologies not explicitly mentioned herein.
[0298] Information and signals described herein may be represented using any of a variety of different technologies and techniques. For example, data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, and chips that may be referenced throughout the description may be represented by voltages, currents, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or particles, optical fields or particles, or any combination thereof.
[0299] The various illustrative blocks and components described in connection with the disclosure herein may be implemented or performed using a general-purpose processor, a DSP, an ASIC, a CPU, an FPGA or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof designed to perform the functions described herein. A general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor but, in the alternative, the processor may be any processor, controller, microcontroller, or state machine. A processor may also be implemented as a combination of computing devices (e.g., a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, multiple microprocessors, one or more microprocessors in conjunction with a DSP core, or any other such configuration) . Any functions or operations described herein as being capable of being performed by a processor may be performed by multiple processors that, individually or collectively, are capable of performing the described functions or operations.
[0300] The functions described herein may be implemented using hardware, software executed by a processor, firmware, or any combination thereof. If implemented using software executed by a processor, the functions may be stored as or transmitted using one or more instructions or code of a computer-readable medium. Other examples and implementations are within the scope of the disclosure and appended claims. For example, due to the nature of software, functions described herein may be implemented using software executed by a processor, hardware, firmware, hardwiring, or combinations of any of these. Features implementing functions may also be physically located at various positions, including being distributed such that portions of functions are implemented at different physical locations.
[0301] Computer-readable media includes both non-transitory computer storage media and communication media including any medium that facilitates transfer of a computer program from one location to another. A non-transitory storage medium may be any available medium that may be accessed by a general-purpose or special-purpose computer. By way of example, and not limitation, non-transitory computer-readable media may include RAM, ROM, electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM) , flash memory, compact disk (CD) ROM or other optical disk storage, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other non-transitory medium that may be used to carry or store desired program code means in the form of instructions or data structures and that may be accessed by a general-purpose or special-purpose computer, or a general-purpose or special-purpose processor. Also, any connection is properly termed a computer-readable medium. For example, if the software is transmitted from a website, server, or other remote source using a coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, digital subscriber line (DSL) , or wireless technologies such as infrared, radio, and microwave, then the coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, DSL, or wireless technologies such as infrared, radio, and microwave are included in the definition of computer-readable medium. Disk and disc, as used herein, include CD, laser disc, optical disc, digital versatile disc (DVD) , floppy disk and Blu-ray disc. Disks may reproduce data magnetically, and discs may reproduce data optically using lasers. Combinations of the above are also included within the scope of computer-readable media. Any functions or operations described herein as being capable of being performed by a memory may be performed by multiple memories that, individually or collectively, are capable of performing the described functions or operations.
[0302] As used herein, including in the claims, “or” as used in a list of items (e.g., a list of items prefaced by a phrase such as “at least one of” or “one or more of” ) indicates an inclusive list such that, for example, a list of at least one of A, B, or C means A or B or C or AB or AC or BC or ABC (i.e., A and B and C) . Also, as used herein, the phrase “based on” shall not be construed as a reference to a closed set of conditions. For example, an example step that is described as “based on condition A” may be based on both a condition A and a condition B without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. In other words, as used herein, the phrase “based on” shall be construed in the same manner as the phrase “based at least in part on. ”
[0303] As used herein, including in the claims, the article “a” before a noun is open-ended and understood to refer to “at least one” of those nouns or “one or more” of those nouns. Thus, the terms “a, ” “at least one, ” “one or more, ” “at least one of one or more” may be interchangeable. For example, if a claim recites “a component” that performs one or more functions, each of the individual functions may be performed by a single component or by any combination of multiple components. Thus, the term “a component” having characteristics or performing functions may refer to “at least one of one or more components” having a particular characteristic or performing a particular function. Subsequent reference to a component introduced with the article “a” using the terms “the” or “said” may refer to any or all of the one or more components. For example, a component introduced with the article “a” may be understood to mean “one or more components, ” and referring to “the component” subsequently in the claims may be understood to be equivalent to referring to “at least one of the one or more components. ” Similarly, subsequent reference to a component introduced as “one or more components” using the terms “the” or “said” may refer to any or all of the one or more components. For example, referring to “the one or more components” subsequently in the claims may be understood to be equivalent to referring to “at least one of the one or more components. ”
[0304] The term “determine” or “determining” encompasses a variety of actions and, therefore, “determining” can include calculating, computing, processing, deriving, investigating, looking up (such as via looking up in a table, a database or another data structure) , ascertaining and the like. Also, “determining” can include receiving (e.g., receiving information) , accessing (e.g., accessing data stored in memory) and the like. Also, “determining” can include resolving, obtaining, selecting, choosing, establishing, and other such similar actions.
[0305] In the appended figures, similar components or features may have the same reference label. Further, various components of the same type may be distinguished by following the reference label by a dash and a second label that distinguishes among the similar components. If just the first reference label is used in the specification, the description is applicable to any one of the similar components having the same first reference label irrespective of the second reference label, or other subsequent reference label.
[0306] The description set forth herein, in connection with the appended drawings, describes example configurations and does not represent all the examples that may be implemented or that are within the scope of the claims. The term “example” used herein means “serving as an example, instance, or illustration, ” and not “preferred” or “advantageous over other examples. ” The detailed description includes specific details for the purpose of providing an understanding of the described techniques. These techniques, however, may be practiced without these specific details. In some instances, known structures and devices are shown in block diagram form in order to avoid obscuring the concepts of the described examples.
[0307] The description herein is provided to enable a person having ordinary skill in the art to make or use the disclosure. Various modifications to the disclosure will be apparent to a person having ordinary skill in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other variations without departing from the scope of the disclosure. Thus, the disclosure is not limited to the examples and designs described herein but is to be accorded the broadest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims
1.A first wireless communication device, comprising:one or more memories storing processor-executable code; andone or more processors coupled with the one or more memories and individually or collectively operable to execute the code to cause the first wireless communication device to:receive, from a second wireless communication device, a query command indicating a codebook configuration associated with a compressed sensing-based access procedure;transmit, to the second wireless communication device and in response to the query command, a random access message including a random access preamble, wherein the random access preamble is from a codebook in accordance with the codebook configuration;receive, from the second wireless communication device, a random access response message based at least in part on the random access preamble; andtransmit, to the second wireless communication device, a message including an identifier associated with the first wireless communication device or both the identifier and a data payload, wherein the message is transmitted based at least in part on receiving the random access response message.2.The first wireless communication device of claim 1, wherein, to receive the random access response message, the one or more processors are individually or collectively operable to execute the code to cause the first wireless communication device to:receive the random access response message including an uplink grant associated with the first wireless communication device, wherein the message is transmitted in accordance with the uplink grant.3.The first wireless communication device of claim 1, wherein, to receive the random access response message, the one or more processors are individually or collectively operable to execute the code to cause the first wireless communication device to:receive the random access response message including an uplink grant of a plurality of uplink grants, each uplink grant of the plurality of uplink grants corresponding to a group of first wireless communication devices, wherein the message is transmitted in accordance with the uplink grant.4.The first wireless communication device of claim 3, wherein the one or more processors are individually or collectively further operable to execute the code to cause the first wireless communication device to:receive an additional random access response message including the uplink grant of the plurality of uplink grants, the additional random access response message received based at least in part on the random access preamble; andtransmit, to the second wireless communication device, a second message including the identifier or both the identifier and a second data payload, wherein the second message is transmitted based at least in part on receiving the additional random access response message.5.The first wireless communication device of claim 1, wherein, to receive the random access response message, the one or more processors are individually or collectively operable to execute the code to cause the first wireless communication device to:receive the random access response message including an indication of a group resource and a plurality of random access preamble indices, the group resource comprising a plurality of resources associated with a plurality of first wireless communication devices including the first wireless communication device, wherein the plurality of random access preamble indices are associated with each first wireless communication device of the plurality of first wireless communication devices.6.The first wireless communication device of claim 5, wherein the random access response message includes an uplink grant for the group resource.7.The first wireless communication device of claim 5, wherein the one or more processors are individually or collectively further operable to execute the code to cause the first wireless communication device to:determine an order of a random access preamble index associated with the random access preamble and the first wireless communication device; andidentify, from the group resource, a set of resources that is associated with the first wireless communication device based at least in part on the order, wherein the message is transmitted via the set of resources.8.The first wireless communication device of claim 5, wherein the indication of the group resource comprises an indication of a starting time of the group resource and a time-domain increment between each resource of the plurality of resources, and wherein the starting time and the time-domain increment are based at least in part on time-division multiplexed communications between the first wireless communication device and the second wireless communication device.9.The first wireless communication device of claim 8, wherein the indication of the group resource further comprises an indication of a quantity of frequency shifts within a slot, a starting frequency shift of the group resource, and a frequency-domain increment between each resource of the plurality of resources, and wherein the quantity of frequency shifts, the starting frequency shift and the frequency-domain increment are based at least in part on both frequency-division multiplexed and time-division multiplexed communications between the first wireless communication device and the second wireless communication device.10.The first wireless communication device of claim 5, wherein the indication of the group resource comprises an indication of a starting frequency shift of the group resource and a frequency-domain increment between each resource of the plurality of resources, and wherein the starting frequency shift and the frequency-domain increment are based at least in part on frequency-division multiplexed communications between the first wireless communication device and the second wireless communication device.11.The first wireless communication device of claim 5, wherein the indication of the group resource comprises an indication of a starting codeword index and a codeword index increment for each resource of the plurality of resources, and wherein the starting codeword index and the codeword index increment are based at least in part on code-division multiplexed communications between the first wireless communication device and the second wireless communication device.12.The first wireless communication device of claim 1, wherein the one or more processors are individually or collectively further operable to execute the code to cause the first wireless communication device to:select the random access preamble from the codebook comprising a plurality of random access preambles in accordance with the codebook configuration, the plurality of random access preambles being associated with respective device capabilities, wherein the random access preamble is selected based at least in part on a device capability associated with the first wireless communication device or both the device capability and the data payload.13.The first wireless communication device of claim 12, wherein, to receive the random access response message, the one or more processors are individually or collectively operable to execute the code to cause the first wireless communication device to:receive the random access response message including an indication of an uplink grant for a set of resources based at least in part on the random access preamble, wherein the set of resources comprises a first resource for the identifier and a second resource for the data payload, the message transmitted via the first resource and the second resource.14.The first wireless communication device of claim 1, wherein, to receive the random access response message, the one or more processors are individually or collectively operable to execute the code to cause the first wireless communication device to:receive the random access response message including an indication of one or more partial bits of a random access preamble index and respective positions of the one or more partial bits, the random access preamble index corresponding to the random access preamble, wherein one or more resources for the message are based at least in part on the one or more partial bits and the respective positions of the one or more partial bits.15.The first wireless communication device of claim 1, wherein, to receive the random access response message, the one or more processors are individually or collectively operable to execute the code to cause the first wireless communication device to:receive the random access response message including an indication of one or more check bits of a random access preamble index associated with the random access preamble.16.The first wireless communication device of claim 1, wherein, to receive the random access response message, the one or more processors are individually or collectively operable to execute the code to cause the first wireless communication device to:receive the random access response message including an indication of a set of bits associated with a random access preamble index corresponding to the random access preamble, the set of bits indicated via a plurality of layers of bits, wherein one or more resources for the message are based at least in part on the set of bits.17.A second wireless communication device, comprising:one or more memories storing processor-executable code; andone or more processors coupled with the one or more memories and individually or collectively operable to execute the code to cause the second wireless communication device to:transmit, to one or more first wireless communication devices, a query command indicating a codebook configuration associated with a compressed sensing-based access procedure;receive, from a first wireless communication device of the one or more first wireless communication devices and in response to the query command, a random access message including a random access preamble, wherein the random access preamble is from a codebook in accordance with the codebook configuration;transmit, to the first wireless communication device, a random access response message based at least in part on the random access preamble; andreceive, from the first wireless communication device, a message including an identifier associated with the first wireless communication device or both the identifier and a data payload, wherein the message is received based at least in part on transmitting the random access response message.18.The second wireless communication device of claim 17, wherein the one or more processors are individually or collectively further operable to execute the code to cause the second wireless communication device to:transmit a second query command to a third wireless communication device of the one or more first wireless communication devices based at least in part on failing to receive a second random access preamble from the second wireless communication device.19.The second wireless communication device of claim 17, wherein, to transmit the random access response message, the one or more processors are individually or collectively operable to execute the code to cause the second wireless communication device to:transmit the random access response message including an uplink grant associated with the first wireless communication device, wherein the message is in accordance with the uplink grant.20.The second wireless communication device of claim 17, wherein, to transmit the random access response message, the one or more processors are individually or collectively further operable to execute the code to cause the second wireless communication device to:transmit the random access response message including a plurality of uplink grants, each uplink grant of the plurality of uplink grants corresponding to a group of first wireless communication devices, wherein the message is received in accordance with the plurality of uplink grants.21.The second wireless communication device of claim 20, wherein the one or more processors are individually or collectively further operable to execute the code to cause the second wireless communication device to:transmit an additional random access response message including an uplink grant of the plurality of uplink grants; andreceive, from the first wireless communication device, a second message including the identifier or both a second data payload and the identifier, wherein the second message is received based at least in part on receiving the additional random access response message.22.The second wireless communication device of claim 17, wherein, to transmit the random access response message, the one or more processors are individually or collectively operable to execute the code to cause the second wireless communication device to:transmit the random access response message including an indication of a group resource and a plurality of random access preamble indices, the group resource comprising a plurality of resources associated with a plurality of first wireless communication devices including the first wireless communication device, wherein the plurality of random access preamble indices are associated with each first wireless communication device of the plurality of first wireless communication devices.23.The second wireless communication device of claim 22, wherein the random access response message includes an uplink grant for the group resource.24.The second wireless communication device of claim 22, wherein:the indication of the group resource comprises an indication of a starting time of the group resource and a time-domain increment between each resource of the plurality of resources, andthe starting time and the time-domain increment are based at least in part on time-division multiplexed communications between the first wireless communication device and the second wireless communication device.25.The second wireless communication device of claim 22, wherein:the indication of the group resource further comprises an indication of a quantity of frequency shifts within a slot, a starting frequency shift of the group resource, and a frequency-domain increment between each resource of the plurality of resources, andthe quantity of frequency shifts, the starting frequency shift, and the frequency-domain increment are based at least in part on frequency-division multiplexed and time-division multiplexed communications between the first wireless communication device and the second wireless communication device.26.The second wireless communication device of claim 22, wherein the indication of the group resource comprises an indication of a starting frequency shift of the group resource and a frequency-domain increment between each resource of the plurality of resources, and wherein the starting frequency shift and the frequency-domain increment are based at least in part on frequency-division multiplexed communications between the first wireless communication device and the second wireless communication device.27.The second wireless communication device of claim 22, wherein the indication of the group resource comprises an indication of a starting codeword index and a codeword index increment for each resource of the plurality of resources, and wherein the starting codeword index and the codeword index increment are based at least in part on code-division multiplexed communications between the first wireless communication device and the second wireless communication device.28.The second wireless communication device of claim 17, wherein the random access preamble is from the codebook comprising a plurality of random access preambles in accordance with the codebook configuration, the plurality of random access preambles being associated with respective device capabilities, and wherein the random access preamble is based at least in part on a device capability associated with the first wireless communication device or both the device capability and the data payload.29.A method for wireless communications at a first wireless communication device, comprising:receiving, from a second wireless communication device, a query command indicating a codebook configuration associated with a compressed sensing-based access procedure;transmitting, to the second wireless communication device and in response to the query command, a random access message including a random access preamble, wherein the random access preamble is from a codebook in accordance with the codebook configuration;receiving, from the second wireless communication device, a random access response message based at least in part on the random access preamble; andtransmitting, to the second wireless communication device, a message including an identifier associated with the first wireless communication device or both the identifier and a data payload, wherein the message is transmitted based at least in part on receiving the random access response message.30.A method for wireless communications at second wireless communication device, comprising:transmitting, to one or more first wireless communication devices, a query command indicating a codebook configuration associated with a compressed sensing-based access procedure;receiving, from a first wireless communication device of the one or more first wireless communication devices and in response to the query command, a random access message including a random access preamble, wherein the random access preamble is from a codebook in accordance with the codebook configuration;transmitting, to the first wireless communication device, a random access response message based at least in part on the random access preamble; andreceiving, from the first wireless communication device, a message including an identifier associated with the first wireless communication device or both the identifier and a data payload, wherein the message is received based at least in part on transmitting the random access response message.
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