Communication method, and apparatus

Abstract

Disclosed in the present application are a communication method, and an apparatus. The method specifically comprises: acquiring information bits; modulating the information bits to obtain modulation symbols, wherein a constellation map used for the modulation comprises 2M constellation points, the 2M constellation points are uniformly distributed on two concentric circles, the two concentric circles comprise a first circle and a second circle, and the phase difference between adjacent constellation points on the first circle and the second circle is a first value, the first value is not 0, and M is an integer greater than 1; and outputting the modulation symbols. The method can improve the communication performance and the sensing performance of a modulation mode, thereby meeting the requirements of ISAC.

Description

Communication method and device

[0001] CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0002] This application claims priority to the Chinese patent application filed with the State Intellectual Property Office of the People's Republic of China on January 19, 2024, with application number 202410082959.8 and application name "A Communication Method and Device", the entire contents of which are incorporated by reference into this application. Technical Field

[0003] The present application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a communication method and device. Background Art

[0004] Integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) is widely considered a key application scenario for sixth-generation (6G) mobile communication systems and other future mobile communication systems. Specifically, ISAC refers to the simultaneous implementation of communication and perception capabilities through wireless signals. Communication capability refers to the ability to transmit information, such as signal transmission rate and interference resistance. Perception capability refers to the ability to perceive the surrounding environment, object speed, distance, and other information through wireless signals.

[0005] However, communication often pursues higher transmission efficiency, which can be understood as extreme spectrum efficiency, while perception pursues high detection accuracy of the target and often does not consider the impact of spectrum efficiency. For example, the modulation methods used by the new radio (NR) system, such as quadrature amplitude modulation (4-QAM), 16-QAM, and 64-QAM, have better communication capabilities but poor perception capabilities. For another example, another 8-phase shift keying (PSK) modulation has better perception capabilities but poor communication capabilities.

[0006] How to improve the communication and perception performance of the modulation method to meet the requirements of ISAC is a technical problem that needs to be solved urgently. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The embodiments of the present application provide a communication method and apparatus for improving the communication performance and perception performance of a modulation method to meet the requirements of an ISAC.

[0008] In the first aspect, a communication method is provided, which can be performed by a first communication device. Unless otherwise specified, the "first communication device" in this application can refer to the first communication device itself (for example, a network device, a terminal device), or a component in the first communication device (for example, a processor, a chip, or a chip system, etc.), or a logic module or software that can implement all or part of the functions of the first communication device. The method includes: obtaining information bits; modulating the information bits to obtain modulation symbols, and the constellation diagram used for modulation includes 2 M constellation points, 2 M The constellation points are evenly distributed on two concentric rings, where the two concentric rings include a first ring and a second ring, a phase difference between adjacent constellation points in the first ring and the second ring is a first value, the first value is not 0, and M is an integer greater than 1; and a modulation symbol is output.

[0009] In the embodiment of the present application, the constellation diagram used for modulation includes two concentric rings. The constellation diagram includes two M The constellation points are evenly distributed on two concentric rings, and the phase difference between adjacent constellation points on the first and second rings of the two concentric rings is a first value, which is not zero. By arranging the constellation points on two concentric rings, this solution can reduce the amplitude difference between the constellation points, thereby improving the communication performance of the modulation scheme. By setting a phase difference between adjacent constellation points on the first and second rings, the Euclidean distance between the constellation points can be increased, thereby improving the perceptual performance of the modulation scheme. Thus, the embodiments of the present application can improve both the communication performance and the perceptual performance of the modulation scheme, and thus can well meet the requirements of the ISAC.

[0010] In an optional implementation, the first value is between [π / (P+1), π / (Q-1)]; wherein P is the number of constellation points on the first ring, Q is the number of constellation points on the second ring, and both P and Q are positive integers.

[0011] In this implementation, the first value is between [π / (P+1), π / (Q-1)], and the phase difference between adjacent constellation points of the first ring and the second ring is within this range. This can increase the Euclidean distance between adjacent constellation points of the first ring and the second ring, thereby achieving better communication performance.

[0012] In an optional implementation, the first value is π / P, where P=Q; wherein P is the number of constellation points on the first circular ring, Q is the number of constellation points on the second circular ring, and both P and Q are positive integers.

[0013] In this embodiment, when the number of constellation points on the first and second rings is equal, the first value is π / P. In this way, the minimum Euclidean distances between adjacent constellation points on the first and second rings are equal, and relatively ideal communication performance can be achieved.

[0014] In an optional embodiment, the first value is π / (P+1) or π / (P) or π / (Q) or π / (Q-1), P≠Q; wherein P is the number of constellation points on the first ring, Q is the number of constellation points on the second ring, and P and Q are both positive integers.

[0015] In this embodiment, when the number of constellation points on the first ring is not equal to the number of constellation points on the second ring, the first value is π / (P+1) or π / (P) or π / (Q) or π / (Q-1), which can obtain better communication performance.

[0016] In an optional implementation, the radius of the first circular ring is greater than the radius of the second circular ring, and the number of constellation points on the first circular ring is greater than or equal to the number of constellation points on the second circular ring.

[0017] In this embodiment, the same number of constellation points can be set on the first ring and the second ring, or more constellation points can be set on the ring with a larger radius between the first ring and the second ring (i.e., the first ring), so as to ensure that the Euclidean distance between adjacent constellation points on the first ring and the Euclidean distance between adjacent constellation points on the second ring are both large.

[0018] In an optional implementation, the ratio of the radius of the first ring to the radius of the second ring is in the range of [1.2, 1.55].

[0019] Exemplarily, the ratio of the radius of the first ring to the second ring is any one of the following: 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 1.45, 1.48, 1.5, 1.52, 1.55.

[0020] When the radius ratio of the first ring to the second ring is within this range, the Euclidean distance between adjacent constellation points of the first ring and the second ring can be more reasonable, thereby obtaining better communication performance.

[0021] In an optional embodiment, the radius of the first ring R1 = sqrt(58), and the radius of the second ring R2 = sqrt(26); or, the radius of the first ring R1 = μsqrt(58), and the radius of the second ring R2 = μsqrt(26), where μ is a normalization factor.

[0022] In an optional implementation, when M is equal to 5, 16 of the 32 constellation points are evenly distributed on the first circular ring, and the remaining 16 constellation points are evenly distributed on the second circular ring, wherein: on the first circular ring, starting from the first constellation point, the bits corresponding to the constellation points in the counterclockwise direction are: 11000, 01000, 01001, 11001, 11101, 01101, 01100, 11100, 11110, 01110, 01111, 11111, 11011, 0 1011, 01010, 11010; the phase of the first constellation point is 0°; on the second circle, starting from the second constellation point, the bits corresponding to the constellation points in the counterclockwise direction are: 10000, 00000, 00001, 10001, 10101, 00101, 00100, 10100, 10110, 00110, 00111, 10111, 10011, 00011, 00010, 10010; the phase of the second constellation point is π / 16.

[0023] In an optional implementation, when M is equal to 5, 18 of the 32 constellation points are evenly distributed on the first circular ring, and the remaining 14 constellation points are evenly distributed on the second circular ring. The 32 constellation points satisfy the Gray mapping rule, where:

[0024] The phase of the first constellation point on the first ring is 0°, the phase interval of the constellation points on the first ring is π / 9, the phase of the second constellation point on the second ring is π / 18, and the phase interval of the constellation points on the second ring is π / 7; or, the phase of the second constellation point on the second ring is 0°, the phase interval of the constellation points on the second ring is π / 7, the phase of the first constellation point on the first ring is π / 14, and the phase interval of the constellation points on the first ring is π / 9; wherein, the bits corresponding to the first constellation point are 00010, and the bits corresponding to the second constellation point are 10001.

[0025] In an optional implementation, when M is equal to 5, 20 of the 32 constellation points are evenly distributed on the first circular ring, and the remaining 12 constellation points are evenly distributed on the second circular ring. The 32 constellation points satisfy the Gray mapping rule, where:

[0026] The phase of the first constellation point on the first ring is 0°, the phase interval of the constellation points on the first ring is π / 10, the phase of the second constellation point on the second ring is π / 20, and the phase interval of the constellation points on the second ring is π / 6; or, the phase of the second constellation point on the second ring is 0°, the phase interval of the constellation points on the second ring is π / 6, the phase of the first constellation point on the first ring is π / 12, and the phase interval of the constellation points on the first ring is π / 10; wherein, the bits corresponding to the first constellation point are 00111, and the bits corresponding to the second constellation point are 10001.

[0027] It is understood that the above embodiments are based on an example in which M is equal to 5, and the actual implementation of the fifth-order constellation diagram is not limited to the above. In addition, the constellation diagram in the embodiment of the present application is not limited to a fifth-order constellation diagram.

[0028] In an optional embodiment, the radius of the first ring is the same as the amplitude of the outermost constellation point in the constellation diagram used by K-order quadrature amplitude modulation K-QAM, and K is a positive integer greater than or equal to M; or, the radius of the first ring is the same as the amplitude of the second outermost constellation point in the constellation diagram used by K-order quadrature amplitude modulation K-QAM, and K is an integer greater than or equal to M.

[0029] In an optional embodiment, the radius of the second ring is the same as the amplitude of the innermost constellation point in the constellation diagram used by K-order quadrature amplitude modulation K-QAM, and K is an integer greater than or equal to M; or, the radius of the second ring is the same as the amplitude of the second innermost constellation point in the constellation diagram used by K-order quadrature amplitude modulation QAM, and K is an integer greater than or equal to M.

[0030] In the above implementation methods, the amplitude of the constellation points on at least one circular ring is the same as the amplitude of some constellation points in the constellation diagram used by high-order QAM, which can reduce the implementation complexity of the receiver.

[0031] In an optional embodiment, the method further includes: sending or receiving first information, where the first information is used to determine a constellation diagram used for modulation, wherein the first information includes a radius ratio of the first ring to the second ring.

[0032] In the present application, the receiving end may notify the transmitting end of the relevant parameters of the constellation diagram (such as the radius ratio) through the first information, or the transmitting end may notify the receiving end of these parameters through the first information, without limitation. For example, the network device (as the transmitting end or the receiving end) carries these parameters in the signaling and configures them to the terminal device or another network device.

[0033] In this way, the flexibility of constellation configuration can be improved.

[0034] In an optional embodiment, the relevant parameters of the constellation diagram (such as the radius ratio) are preset values. For example, the radius ratio of the first ring and the second ring is specified by the protocol or the system or agreed upon by both communicating parties.

[0035] In this way, signaling overhead can be saved and implementation complexity can be reduced.

[0036] In a second aspect, another communication method is provided, which can be performed by a second communication device. Unless otherwise specified, the "second communication device" in this application can refer to the second communication device itself (for example, a network device, a terminal device), or a component in the second communication device (for example, a processor, a chip, or a chip system, etc.), or a logic module or software that can realize all or part of the functions of the second communication device. The method includes: obtaining modulation symbols; demodulating the modulation symbols to obtain information bits; the constellation diagram used for demodulation includes 2 M constellation points, 2 M The constellation points are evenly distributed on two concentric rings, wherein the two concentric rings include a first ring and a second ring, the phase difference between adjacent constellation points of the first ring and the second ring is a first value, the first value is not 0, and M is an integer greater than 1.

[0037] In an optional implementation, the first value is between [π / (P+1), π / (Q-1)]; wherein P is the number of constellation points on the first ring, Q is the number of constellation points on the second ring, and both P and Q are positive integers.

[0038] In an optional implementation, the first value is π / P, where P=Q; wherein P is the number of constellation points on the first circular ring, Q is the number of constellation points on the second circular ring, and both P and Q are integers.

[0039] In an optional embodiment, the first value is π / (P+1) or π / (P) or π / (Q) or π / (Q-1), P≠Q; wherein P is the number of constellation points on the first ring, Q is the number of constellation points on the second ring, and P and Q are both positive integers.

[0040] In an optional implementation, the radius of the first circular ring is greater than the radius of the second circular ring, and the number of constellation points on the first circular ring is greater than or equal to the number of constellation points on the second circular ring.

[0041] In an optional embodiment, the radius ratio of the first ring to the second ring is in the range of [1.2, 1.55]. When the radius ratio of the first ring to the second ring is within this range, the Euclidean distance between adjacent constellation points of the first ring and the second ring can be more reasonable, thereby obtaining better communication performance.

[0042] In an optional embodiment, the ratio of the radius of the first ring to the second ring is any one of the following: 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 1.45, 1.48, 1.5, 1.52, 1.55.

[0043] In an optional embodiment, the radius of the first ring R1 = sqrt(58), and the radius of the second ring R2 = sqrt(26); or, the radius of the first ring R1 = μsqrt(58), and the radius of the second ring R2 = μsqrt(26), where μ is a normalization factor.

[0044] In an optional implementation, when M is equal to 5, 16 of the 32 constellation points are evenly distributed on the first circular ring, and the remaining 16 constellation points are evenly distributed on the second circular ring, wherein: on the first circular ring, starting from the first constellation point, the bits corresponding to the constellation points in the counterclockwise direction are: 11000, 01000, 01001, 11001, 11101, 01101, 01100, 11100, 11110, 01110, 01111, 11111, 11011, 0 1011, 01010, 11010; the phase of the first constellation point is 0°; on the second circle, starting from the second constellation point, the bits corresponding to the constellation points in the counterclockwise direction are: 10000, 00000, 00001, 10001, 10101, 00101, 00100, 10100, 10110, 00110, 00111, 10111, 10011, 00011, 00010, 10010; the phase of the second constellation point is π / 16.

[0045] In an optional implementation, when M is equal to 5, 18 of the 32 constellation points are evenly distributed on the first circular ring, and the remaining 14 constellation points are evenly distributed on the second circular ring. The 32 constellation points satisfy the Gray mapping rule, where:

[0046] The phase of the first constellation point on the first ring is 0°, the phase interval of the constellation points on the first ring is π / 9, the phase of the second constellation point on the second ring is π / 18, and the phase interval of the constellation points on the second ring is π / 7; or, the phase of the second constellation point on the second ring is 0°, the phase interval of the constellation points on the second ring is π / 7, the phase of the first constellation point on the first ring is π / 14, and the phase interval of the constellation points on the first ring is π / 9; wherein, the bits corresponding to the first constellation point are 00010, and the bits corresponding to the second constellation point are 10001.

[0047] In an optional implementation, when M is equal to 5, 20 of the 32 constellation points are evenly distributed on the first circular ring, and the remaining 12 constellation points are evenly distributed on the second circular ring. The 32 constellation points satisfy the Gray mapping rule, where:

[0048] The phase of the first constellation point on the first ring is 0°, the phase interval of the constellation points on the first ring is π / 10, the phase of the second constellation point on the second ring is π / 20, and the phase interval of the constellation points on the second ring is π / 6; or, the phase of the second constellation point on the second ring is 0°, the phase interval of the constellation points on the second ring is π / 6, the phase of the first constellation point on the first ring is π / 12, and the phase interval of the constellation points on the first ring is π / 10; wherein, the bits corresponding to the first constellation point are 00111, and the bits corresponding to the second constellation point are 10001.

[0049] In an optional embodiment, the radius of the first ring is the same as the amplitude of the outermost constellation point in the constellation diagram used by K-order quadrature amplitude modulation K-QAM, and K is a positive integer greater than or equal to M; or, the radius of the first ring is the same as the amplitude of the second outermost constellation point in the constellation diagram used by K-order quadrature amplitude modulation K-QAM, and K is an integer greater than or equal to M.

[0050] In an optional embodiment, the radius of the second ring is the same as the amplitude of the innermost constellation point in the constellation diagram used by K-order quadrature amplitude modulation K-QAM, and K is an integer greater than or equal to M; or, the radius of the second ring is the same as the amplitude of the second innermost constellation point in the constellation diagram used by K-order quadrature amplitude modulation QAM, and K is an integer greater than or equal to M.

[0051] In an optional embodiment, the method further includes: receiving or sending first information, where the first information is used to determine a constellation diagram used for demodulation, wherein the first information includes a radius ratio of the first ring to the second ring.

[0052] In a third aspect, a communication device is provided, wherein the communication device includes a module, a unit, or a technical means for implementing the method described in the first aspect or any possible implementation manner of the first aspect.

[0053] Exemplarily, the communication device includes a processing unit (sometimes also referred to as a processing module) and a transceiver unit (sometimes also referred to as a transceiver module). The transceiver unit is capable of implementing both sending and receiving functions. When the transceiver unit implements the sending function, it may be referred to as a sending unit (sometimes also referred to as a sending module); when the transceiver unit implements the receiving function, it may be referred to as a receiving unit (sometimes also referred to as a receiving module). The sending unit and the receiving unit may be the same functional module, referred to as a transceiver unit, which is capable of both sending and receiving functions; alternatively, the sending unit and the receiving unit may be different functional modules, with the transceiver unit being a general term for these functional modules.

[0054] In an optional implementation, the processing unit is used to obtain information bits, modulate the information bits, and obtain modulation symbols; and the transceiver unit is used to output the modulation symbols.

[0055] In an optional embodiment, the communication device also includes a storage unit (sometimes also referred to as a storage module), and the processing unit is used to couple with the storage unit and execute the program or instructions in the storage unit, enabling the communication device to execute the method described in the first aspect or any possible implementation of the first aspect.

[0056] In a fourth aspect, a communication device is provided, wherein the communication device includes a module, a unit, or a technical means for implementing the method described in the second aspect or any possible implementation manner of the second aspect.

[0057] Exemplarily, the communication device includes a processing unit (sometimes also referred to as a processing module) and a transceiver unit (sometimes also referred to as a transceiver module). The transceiver unit is capable of implementing both sending and receiving functions. When the transceiver unit implements the sending function, it may be referred to as a sending unit (sometimes also referred to as a sending module); when the transceiver unit implements the receiving function, it may be referred to as a receiving unit (sometimes also referred to as a receiving module). The sending unit and the receiving unit may be the same functional module, referred to as a transceiver unit, which is capable of both sending and receiving functions; alternatively, the sending unit and the receiving unit may be different functional modules, with the transceiver unit being a general term for these functional modules.

[0058] In an optional implementation, the transceiver unit (or the receiving unit) is used to obtain modulation symbols; and the processing unit is used to demodulate the modulation symbols to obtain information bits.

[0059] In an optional embodiment, the communication device also includes a storage unit (sometimes also referred to as a storage module), and the processing unit is used to couple with the storage unit and execute the program or instructions in the storage unit, enabling the communication device to execute the method described in the second aspect or any possible implementation of the second aspect.

[0060] In a fifth aspect, a communication device is provided, comprising a communication interface and a processor, and optionally, a memory. The memory is configured to store a computer program, and the processor is coupled to the memory and the communication interface. When the processor reads the computer program or instructions, the communication device executes the method described in the first aspect or any possible implementation of the first aspect, or the second aspect or any possible implementation of the second aspect.

[0061] In the sixth aspect, a communication system is provided, comprising a first communication device and a second communication device, wherein the first communication device is used to execute the method described in the first aspect or any possible implementation of the first aspect, and the second communication device is used to execute the method described in the second aspect or any possible implementation of the second aspect.

[0062] In the seventh aspect, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, which is used to store a computer program or instruction. When the computer program or instruction is executed, the method described in the first aspect or any possible implementation of the first aspect or the second aspect or any possible implementation of the second aspect is implemented.

[0063] In an eighth aspect, a computer program product comprising instructions is provided, which, when the computer program or instructions are executed on a computer, enables the method described in the first aspect or any possible implementation of the first aspect or the second aspect or any possible implementation of the second aspect to be implemented.

[0064] In the ninth aspect, a chip system is provided, comprising a processor and an interface, wherein the processor is used to call and run instructions from the interface so that the chip system implements the method described in the first aspect or any possible implementation of the first aspect or the second aspect or any possible implementation of the second aspect.

[0065] For the beneficial effects of the second to ninth aspects mentioned above, please refer to the description of the effects of the corresponding design of the first aspect and will not be repeated here. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0066] FIG1 is a schematic diagram of a constellation diagram of 16-QAM modulation;

[0067] FIG2 is a schematic diagram of a constellation diagram of 8-PSK modulation;

[0068] FIG3 is a schematic diagram of an application scenario of an embodiment of the present application;

[0069] FIG4A is a schematic diagram of a DFT-s-OFDM waveform;

[0070] FIG4B is a schematic diagram of a conventional OFDM waveform;

[0071] FIG5 is a flow chart of a communication method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0072] FIG6 is a schematic diagram of the radius and phase settings of the constellation diagram provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0073] FIG7A is a schematic diagram comparing the constellation diagram provided in an embodiment of the present application and the 64QAM constellation diagram;

[0074] FIG7B is another schematic diagram comparing the constellation diagram provided in an embodiment of the present application with the 64QAM constellation diagram;

[0075] FIG8A is another schematic diagram comparing the constellation diagram provided in an embodiment of the present application with the 64QAM constellation diagram;

[0076] FIG8B is another schematic diagram comparing the constellation diagram provided in an embodiment of the present application with the 64QAM constellation diagram;

[0077] FIG9A is a schematic diagram of a constellation diagram provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0078] FIG9B is a schematic diagram of another constellation diagram provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0079] FIG9C is a schematic diagram of another constellation diagram provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0080] FIG10 is a schematic diagram of a communication device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0081] FIG11 is a schematic diagram of another communication device provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0082] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the embodiments of the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0083] In the embodiments of the present application, the number of nouns, unless otherwise specified, means "singular noun or plural noun", that is, "one or more". "At least one" means one or more, and "plural" means two or more. "And / or" describes the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that there may be three relationships. For example, A and / or B can mean: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone, where A and B can be singular or plural. The character " / " generally indicates that the previous and next associated objects are in an "or" relationship. For example, A / B means: A or B. "At least one of the following items" or similar expressions refers to any combination of these items, including any combination of single items or plural items. For example, at least one of a, b, or c means: a, b, c, a and b, a and c, b and c, or a and b and c, where a, b, c can be single or multiple.

[0084] In the embodiments of this application, ordinal numbers such as "first" and "second" are used to distinguish multiple objects and are not used to limit the size, content, order, timing, priority, or importance of the multiple objects. For example, a first terminal device and a second terminal device can be the same terminal device or different terminal devices, and such designations do not indicate differences in the structure, priority, or importance of the two terminal devices.

[0085] With the emergence of technologies such as virtual reality, augmented reality, the Internet of Things, and vehicle-to-everything (V2X), communication networks are becoming increasingly diverse, enabling the simultaneous implementation of communication, perception, computing, and data services. Perception technologies typically include object positioning, motion detection, and imaging. For example, electromagnetic energy is emitted into space, and objects in space reflect the electromagnetic waves. Based on the reflected waves, relevant information about the object, such as its position, direction, altitude, speed, and size, can be calculated.

[0086] Communication and perception integration is a key application scenario in mobile communication systems. This integration refers to the simultaneous implementation of communication and perception capabilities through wireless signals. For example, in autonomous driving scenarios, a vehicle transmits perception signals to detect obstacles in the environment ahead and to detect relevant information about these obstacles. While transmitting these perception signals, it also needs to maintain communication with other communication devices, requiring the transmission of mixed communication and perception signals. Therefore, balancing both communication and perception performance is crucial.

[0087] The communication and perception performance of a signal is related to the modulation scheme. When modulating the input signal, the information bits are mapped to a constellation point in the constellation plane using a constellation diagram. The constellation plane is essentially a complex plane, with the horizontal coordinate in-phase and the vertical coordinate quadrature. The horizontal and vertical coordinates of a constellation point in the complex plane represent the I and Q components of the constellation point, respectively. The I and Q components of a constellation point correspond to the I and Q signals, which are modulated by two orthogonal carriers sint and cost in the time domain. The moduli of the I and Q components represent the amplitudes of the carriers sint and cost. After the I and Q signals are modulated separately, the two signals are integrated to obtain the modulation symbols. Finally, the modulation symbols are converted from the frequency domain to the time domain using an inverse Fourier transform (IFT). A cyclic redundancy check (CRC) is then added to the time domain signal before transmission. Since two orthogonal carrier waves are used to modulate the information bits, the spectrum utilization rate is doubled compared to amplitude modulation (AM).

[0088] A common modulation method is QAM modulation. For example, Figure 1 shows the constellation diagram for 16-QAM modulation. The constellation diagram for 16-QAM modulation includes 16 constellation points, each representing a vector state. The constellation points in the 16-QAM modulation constellation diagram are arranged in a square, so the 16 constellation points correspond to 16 vector states, each of which corresponds to 16 carrier amplitude and phase combinations. For example, in Figure 1, the constellation point "1100" corresponds to the amplitude and phase combination (a1, θ1), and the constellation point "0001" corresponds to the amplitude and phase combination (a2, θ2). It can be seen that a1 ≠ a2 and θ1 ≠ θ2. In other words, the amplitude and phase corresponding to the constellation points "1100" and "0001" are different. In summary, the 16 constellation points in 16-QAM modulation correspond to four different amplitude values ​​and 12 different phase values.

[0089] Because the minimum distance between each constellation point is the same, the probability of errors during transmission of signals modulated using 16-QAM is relatively low, resulting in better communication performance. The probability of signal errors can be characterized by the bit error rate (SER) or the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), without limitation.

[0090] However, 16-QAM modulation may have poor perception performance in integrated communication and perception scenarios. Signal perception is achieved by radar transmitting a frequency-modulated continuous wave (FMCW) signal into the environment. The transmitted signal reflects off an obstacle and is then received by a receiver. The echo signal is mixed with the local oscillator (LO) signal and passed through a low-pass filter to output an intermediate frequency (IF) signal. This IF signal is then fed into a processor for processing, such as a fast Fourier transform (FFT), to determine the IF frequency. The radar can then determine the distance to the obstacle based on the IF frequency. During this process, the radar's resolution—their ability to determine distance, velocity, and angle—is related to the signal amplitude. Continuing with the example above, if 16-QAM modulation is used to transmit the perception signal, the multiple symbols included in the transmitted signal may correspond to four different combinations of amplitude values. The greater the number of amplitude values ​​in the transmitted signal, the less accurate the radar's distance, velocity, and angle measurements. Therefore, 16-QAM modulation suffers from poor perception performance due to the wide distribution of constellation points.

[0091] Another common modulation method is multiple phase shift keying (MPSK). Here, M represents the type of symbol being transmitted, including 8PSK, 16PSK, 64PSK, and others. Of course, MPSK modulation also includes BPSK and QPSK. As shown in Figure 2, taking 8PSK as an example, it includes eight constellation points: "000," "001," "011," "010," "110," "111," "101," and "100." Similarly, in 8PSK, the I and Q components of a constellation point correspond to the amplitudes of the carriers sint and cost, which are orthogonal in the time domain. By amplitude modulating the carriers sint and cost, the corresponding modulation symbol is obtained. These eight constellation points are evenly distributed on a circular ring, with the radius of the ring being the amplitude of the corresponding constellation point. Therefore, the signal amplitudes corresponding to these eight constellation points are identical; the only difference between the constellation points is the phase.

[0092] Because 8-PSK modulation maintains the same amplitude across all constellation points, this modulation method allows for the transmission of sensing signals. After being reflected by the environment, the sensing signals reach the receiver, achieving higher accuracy when performing sensing measurements at the receiver, resulting in superior sensing performance. However, with MPSK modulation, increasing the modulation order increases the number of constellation points, reducing the Euclidean distance between constellation points and impacting signal communication performance.

[0093] Based on this, the embodiments of the present application provide a communication method and apparatus to improve the communication performance and perception performance of the modulation method to meet the requirements of ISAC.

[0094] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application can be applied to various communication systems, such as fifth-generation (5G) mobile communication systems, such as new radio (NR) systems, sixth-generation (6G) mobile communication systems, universal mobile telecommunications systems (UMTS), wireless local area networks (WLAN), wireless fidelity (Wi-Fi) systems, and other communication systems that will evolve in the future.

[0095] The embodiments of the present application can be applied to the following scenarios: enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB), multi-site transmission (the same terminal device transmits signals to multiple sites), backhaul scenarios, wireless broadband to the home (WTTx), device to device (D2D), or other scenarios with high timing requirements or high transmission rate requirements.

[0096] For example, FIG3 is a schematic diagram of a communication system applicable to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG3, the communication system may include one or more network devices and one or more terminal devices. The interface between the network device and the terminal device may be a Uu interface (or air interface), and data may be transmitted between the network device and the terminal device via air interface resources.

[0097] FIG3 exemplifies scenarios applicable to embodiments of the present application, namely, eMBB (shown by the solid line in FIG3 ), multi-site transmission (shown by the dashed line ① in FIG3 ), backhaul scenario (shown by the dashed line ② in FIG3 ), and D2D (shown by the dashed line ③ in FIG3 ). It should be understood that the four scenarios shown in FIG3 are merely examples and are not limited to these by embodiments of the present application.

[0098] The network device can be a base station, an evolved NodeB (eNodeB), a transmission reception point (TRP), a next generation NodeB (gNB) in a fifth generation (5G) mobile communication system, a base station in a sixth generation (6G) mobile communication system, a base station in a future mobile communication system, or an access node in a wireless fidelity (WiFi) system, etc.; it can also be a module or unit that performs some of the functions of a base station, for example, a centralized unit (CU) or a distributed unit (DU). The access network device can be a macro base station, a micro base station or an indoor station, a relay node or a donor node, etc. The embodiments of the present application do not limit the specific technology and specific device form adopted by the access network device. In the embodiments of the present application, a base station is used as an example of an access network device for description.

[0099] In one possible scenario, multiple RAN nodes collaborate to assist the terminal in achieving wireless access, and different RAN nodes respectively implement part of the functions of the base station. For example, the RAN node can be a centralized unit (CU), a distributed unit (DU), a CU-control plane (CP), a CU-user plane (UP), or a radio unit (RU). The CU and DU can be set separately, or they can be included in the same network element, such as a baseband unit (BBU). The RU can be included in a radio frequency device or radio frequency unit, such as a remote radio unit (RRU), an active antenna unit (AAU), or a remote radio head (RRH).

[0100] In different systems, CU (or CU-CP and CU-UP), DU or RU may also have different names, but those skilled in the art can understand their meanings. For example, in an open radio access network (O-RAN or open RAN or ORAN) system, CU may also be called O-CU (open CU), DU may also be called O-DU, CU-CP may also be called O-CU-CP, CU-UP may also be called O-CU-UP, and RU may also be called O-RU. For the convenience of description, this application takes CU, CU-CP, CU-UP, DU and RU as examples for description. Any unit of CU (or CU-CP, CU-UP), DU and RU in this application can be implemented by a software module, a hardware module, or a combination of a software module and a hardware module.

[0101] Terminal devices may also be referred to as terminals, user equipment (UE), mobile stations, mobile terminals, etc. Terminal devices can be widely used in various scenarios, for example, device-to-device (D2D), vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication, machine-type communication (MTC), Internet of Things (IOT), virtual reality, augmented reality, industrial control, autonomous driving, telemedicine, smart grid, smart furniture, smart office, smart wearable, smart transportation, smart city, etc. Terminal devices may be mobile phones, tablet computers, computers with wireless transceiver functions, wearable devices, vehicles, drones, helicopters, airplanes, ships, robots, robotic arms, smart home devices, etc. The embodiments of the present application do not limit the specific technology and specific device form adopted by the terminal devices.

[0102] Base stations and UEs can be fixed or mobile. They can be deployed on land, indoors or outdoors, handheld or vehicle-mounted; on water; or in the air on aircraft, balloons, and satellites. The embodiments of this application do not limit the application scenarios of base stations and UEs.

[0103] Communication between base stations and UEs, between base stations, and between UEs can be carried out through authorized spectrum, unauthorized spectrum, or both; communication can be carried out through spectrum below 6 gigahertz (GHz), spectrum above 6 GHz, or spectrum below 6 GHz and spectrum above 6 GHz. The embodiments of the present application do not limit the spectrum resources used for wireless communication.

[0104] The communication system and scenarios described in the embodiments of the present application are intended to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, and do not constitute a limitation on the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application. A person skilled in the art will appreciate that, with the evolution of network architecture and the emergence of new scenarios, the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application are equally applicable to similar technical problems.

[0105] In an embodiment of the present application, the waveform used for communication between the network device and the terminal device may be a single-carrier waveform, or may be a multi-carrier waveform.

[0106] The following introduces single carrier and multi-carrier:

[0107] Single-carrier refers to convolving a roll-off filter with serially arranged transmission signals to form a transmission signal; multi-carrier refers to arranging transmission signals in parallel and forming a transmission signal through inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT).

[0108] For example, the single-carrier waveform may be a single carrier-quadrature amplitude modulation (SC-QAM) waveform, and the multi-carrier waveform may be an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) waveform. In addition, the discrete Fourier transform-spread-orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (DFT-s-OFDM) waveform is almost equivalent to the traditional single-carrier waveform, but it uses a multi-carrier implementation method, making it easy to be compatible with OFDM. However, its essence is still a single-carrier waveform, so it can also be considered a single carrier.

[0109] FIG4A is a flow chart of signal processing of a transmitter of a network device or a terminal device when the network device and the terminal device communicate using a DFT-s-OFDM waveform.

[0110] As shown in FIG4A , the transmitter modulates the coded bit stream to obtain a modulated data sequence. The transmitter performs time domain resource mapping on the reference signal sequence and the modulated sequence (i.e., determining the time domain resources for each sequence, such as determining the OFDM symbol carrying each sequence), where the reference signal sequence is, for example, at least one of a demodulation reference signal (DMRS) sequence, a phase tracking reference signal (PTRS) sequence, a tracking reference signal (TRS) sequence, or a channel state information-reference signal (CSI-RS) sequence; performs transform precoding on the sequence after time domain resource mapping (such as a discrete Fourier transformation (DFT) operation to transform it into the frequency domain; performs subcarrier mapping on the sequence after DFT (such as mapping it to a resource element (RE)); performs IFFT on the sequence after subcarrier mapping and superimposes a cyclic prefix (CP) to obtain a DFT-s-OFDM sequence.

[0111] The receiver performs the opposite process to the transmitter. For example, after obtaining the DFT-s-OFDM sequence, the receiver removes the superimposed CP in the sequence and performs operations such as DFT, subcarrier demapping, and IDFT to recover the reference signal sequence and the coded bit stream.

[0112] It will be understood that the relevant operations in FIG4A are merely examples, and optionally, other possible operations may also be included, such as at least one of frequency domain spectrum shaping, serial-to-parallel conversion, parallel-to-serial conversion, digital-to-analog conversion, power amplification, low-noise amplification, and analog-to-digital conversion.

[0113] Figure 4B is a signal processing flow chart of the transmitter of a network device or terminal device when a traditional multi-carrier OFDM waveform is used for communication between the network device and the terminal device. The traditional OFDM waveform modulates the information bits to obtain modulation symbols, directly performs subcarrier mapping in the frequency domain, and maps the modulation symbols to the corresponding frequency domain resources; the sequence after subcarrier mapping is IFFT-ed to transform the signal from the frequency domain to the time domain, and then adds the CP before sending it. Correspondingly, after receiving the signal, the receiver takes the opposite process of the transmitter, removes the CP of the sequence, and performs fast Fourier transform (FFT), subcarrier demapping, IDFT and demodulation operations to recover the coded bit stream.

[0114] An embodiment of the present application provides a communication method. Please refer to Figure 5, which is a flowchart of the method. The method can be performed by a first communication device and a second communication device. Unless otherwise specified, the "first communication device" in this application can refer to the first communication device itself (for example, the network device or terminal device shown in Figure 3), or a component in the first communication device (for example, a processor, a chip, or a chip system, etc.), or a logic module or software that can implement all or part of the functions of the first communication device; the "second communication device" in this application can refer to the second communication device itself (for example, the network device or terminal device shown in Figure 3), or a component in the second communication device (for example, a processor, a chip, or a chip system, etc.), or a logic module or software that can implement all or part of the functions of the second communication device. The method includes:

[0115] S501: A first communication device obtains information bits.

[0116] The information bits may be encoded bit sequences, and thus, the information bits may be coded bits. The first communication device may encode the information bits using low-density parity check code (LDPC) encoding, or convolutional coding, polarization coding, or the like, which is not specifically limited in this application. For example, an example of an encoded bit sequence is 010000100111001111010110101100.

[0117] S502: The first communication device modulates the information bits to obtain modulation symbols.

[0118] Specifically, the information bits may be modulated according to the constellation diagram, and the information bits may be mapped to the constellation diagram to obtain modulation symbols.

[0119] S503: The first communication device outputs a modulation symbol.

[0120] It is understood that outputting modulation symbols may refer to outputting the modulation symbols to the next processing node. For example, the modulation symbols may be output to a subcarrier mapping unit for resource mapping. Alternatively, the modulation symbols may be transmitted, for example, after undergoing subcarrier mapping, IFFT, CP addition, and upconversion, the modulation symbols are transformed into wireless signals and transmitted over the air interface.

[0121] The above S501-S503 introduces the signal modulation method from the side of the first communication device, and the following S504-S505 introduces the signal demodulation method from the side of the second communication device. It can be understood that signal demodulation and modulation are opposite processes. For example, as shown in Figure 4A, for DFT-s-OFDM waveform modulation, after the receiver obtains the DFT-s-OFDM sequence, it removes the superimposed CP in the sequence, and performs FFT, subcarrier demapping, equalization, and IDFT to recover the modulation symbols in the signal. For another example, as shown in Figure 4B, for a traditional OFDM waveform, after the receiver obtains the sequence, it removes the superimposed CP in the sequence, and performs FFT, subcarrier demapping, and equalization to recover the modulation symbols in the signal without the need for IDFT operation.

[0122] S504: The second communication device obtains modulation symbols.

[0123] S505: The second communication device demodulates the modulated symbols to obtain information bits.

[0124] The constellation diagram used by the second communication device to demodulate the modulation symbols may be the same as the constellation diagram used by the first communication device to modulate the information bits.

[0125] The following is a unified introduction to the constellation diagrams used for modulation and demodulation in the embodiments of the present application:

[0126] The constellation diagram in the embodiment of the present application includes 2 M constellation points, in other words, the order of the constellation used for modulation and demodulation is M, where M is a positive integer greater than 1.

[0127] The 2 M The constellation points are evenly distributed on two concentric rings, which include the first ring and the second ring. As shown in Figure 6, the first ring and the second ring included in the constellation diagram are concentric rings, the radius of the first ring is R1, and the radius of the second ring is R2. MThe constellation points are evenly distributed on two concentric rings, which can be understood as the uniform arrangement of the constellation points on each ring. Accordingly, the phase difference between adjacent constellation points on each ring is equal. The phase interval between adjacent constellation points on each ring is determined by the number of constellation points on that ring. For example, if the ring includes 16 constellation points, the phase difference between adjacent constellation points is π / 8. Because the constellation points are evenly distributed on the two rings, they can provide better perceptual performance.

[0128] It can be understood that the number of constellation points on the first ring and the number of constellation points on the second ring can be the same or different; in other words, the phase difference between adjacent constellation points on the first ring and the phase difference between adjacent constellation points on the second ring can be the same or different.

[0129] There is a phase difference between adjacent constellation points on the first and second rings. This phase difference is a first value, and the first value is non-zero. In other words, the phases between adjacent constellation points on the first and second rings are different. Because there is a non-zero phase difference between adjacent constellation points on the first and second rings, the Euclidean distance between adjacent constellation points on the first and second rings can be increased, thereby providing better communication performance.

[0130] Continuing with FIG6 , if constellation point 1 and constellation point 3 are adjacent to constellation point 2 of the second circular ring on the first circular ring, there is a phase difference θ1 between constellation point 2 and the adjacent constellation point 1, or there is a phase difference θ2 between constellation point 2 and the adjacent constellation point 3, and θ1 or θ2 is not 0, that is, constellation point 2 is not in phase with constellation point 1 or constellation point 3, which can increase the Euclidean distance between adjacent constellation points on the first circular ring and the second circular ring.

[0131] In one possible design, the first value is between [π / (P+1), π / (Q-1)], where P is the number of constellation points on the first ring, and Q is the number of constellation points on the second ring, and both P and Q are integers. When the phase difference between adjacent constellation points on the first and second rings falls within this range, the minimum Euclidean distance between adjacent constellation points in the constellation diagram is large, thereby lowering the upper bound of the system's bit error rate and improving communication performance in the debugging mode.

[0132] Wherein, P and Q can be equal or different. For example, M=5, and the total number of constellation points N=32. If P=Q=16, then the first value is between [π / (17), π / (15)]. That is, the number of constellation points on the first ring is equal to the number of constellation points on the second ring, and phase deflection is added between adjacent constellation points of the first ring and the second ring, thereby increasing the Euclidean distance between the two adjacent constellation points. Wherein, the value of the first value can be selected from the range, and the phase deflection can be added to the first ring according to the value, or the phase deflection can be added to the second ring according to the value, without specific limitation. For another example, M=5, and the total number of constellation points N=32. If P=18>Q=14, then the first value is between [π / (19), π / (13)]. Wherein, the value of the first value can be selected from the range, and the phase deflection can be added to the first ring according to the value, or the phase deflection can be added to the second ring, without specific limitation.

[0133] In a specific example, P=Q, and the first value is π / P. That is, a phase deflection is added to the constellation points on the first ring or the second ring so that the phase of the constellation point on the first ring is the middle phase of the adjacent constellation points on the second ring, or the phase of the constellation point on the second ring is the middle phase of the adjacent constellation points on the first ring. This can increase the minimum Euclidean distance between the constellation points.

[0134] In a specific example, P≠Q, the first value is π / (P+1), π / (P), π / (Q) or π / (Q-1). For example, when the number of constellation points on the first ring is P and the number of constellation points on the second ring is Q, a phase shift can be added to the second ring, and the phase shift takes a value of π / (P+1) or π / (P). That is, taking half the phase difference between adjacent constellation points on the first ring and adding a phase shift to the constellation points on the second ring can maximize the Euclidean distance between the constellation points. In other words, a phase shift can be added to the first ring, and the phase shift takes a value of π / (Q) or π / (Q-1). That is, taking half the phase difference between adjacent constellation points on the second ring and adding a phase shift to the constellation points on the first ring can maximize the Euclidean distance between the constellation points.

[0135] In one possible design, M is less than a first threshold. For example, the first threshold may be set to 7, and M is an integer less than 7, such as 4, 5, or 6. In this way, when the number of constellation rings is small, the number of constellation points is not excessive, resulting in a small Euclidean distance between adjacent constellation points, which would affect the communication performance of the modulation scheme.

[0136] In one possible design, the radius of the first ring is greater than the radius of the second ring, and the number of constellation points on the first ring can be greater than or equal to the number of constellation points on the second ring. In this way, the Euclidean distance between the constellation points on the second ring will not be significantly smaller than the Euclidean distance between the constellation points on the first ring, making the distribution of the constellation points more uniform and ensuring the communication performance of the modulation method.

[0137] In one possible design, the ratio of the radius of the first ring to the radius of the second ring ranges from [1.2, 1.55]. This allows for a more reasonable Euclidean distance between adjacent constellation points in the constellation diagram. In other words, the constellation diagram parameters are presented as the ratio of the radius of the first ring to the second ring. Further normalization is performed based on the ratio of the radius of the first ring to the second ring to calculate the radius of the first ring and the second ring. For example, given the number of constellation points on the first ring and the second ring, the sum of the squares of the amplitude values ​​of the constellation points can be calculated to represent the energy of the constellation points. Normalization is then performed so that the energy of each constellation point is 1, resulting in the radius of the first ring and the second ring. For example, the ratio of the radius of the first ring to the second ring can be any of 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 1.45, 1.48, 1.5, 1.52, and 1.55, which can achieve better signal communication performance.

[0138] In a specific example, the radius of the first ring R1 = sqrt(58), and the radius of the second ring R2 = sqrt(26), so that the Euclidean distance between adjacent constellation points in the constellation diagram is more reasonable, and better communication performance can be obtained.

[0139] Furthermore, to ensure that the signals have the same average power, the energy (or power) of the constellation points in the constellation diagram can be normalized. One specific implementation method is to multiply the radius of the first ring and the radius of the second ring by the same normalization factor so that the average power of each constellation point is unity.

[0140] Continuing with the above example, if the radius of the first ring is R1 = sqrt(58) and the radius of the second ring is R2 = sqrt(26), after normalization, the radius of the first ring is R1 = μsqrt(58) and the radius of the second ring is R2 = μsqrt(26), and the average power of each constellation point is unity. Where μ is the normalization factor, which can be calculated using the following formula (1):

[0141] Wherein, μ is the normalization factor, x is the I-axis coordinate of the constellation point, y is the Q-axis coordinate of the constellation point, i represents the constellation point number, and M is the modulation order.

[0142] For example, using the modulation method of the present application, when M=5 and the number of constellation points on the first and second rings is equal, the normalization factor μ=1 / sqrt(42). Alternatively, when M=5 and the number of constellation points on the first ring is 18 and the number of constellation points on the second ring is 14, the normalization factor μ=1 / sqrt(44). Alternatively, when M=5 and the number of constellation points on the first ring is 20 and the number of constellation points on the second ring is 12, the normalization factor μ=1 / sqrt(46).

[0143] In one possible design, the radius of the first ring and / or the first ring can be determined based on the amplitude of the constellation point in the constellation diagram used for high-order QAM modulation. It will be understood that the high-order QAM modulation herein refers to the QAM used for modulation or demodulation in the embodiments of this application. For example, high-order QAM can refer to QAM with an order greater than M. For example, when M is less than 64, the high-order QAM modulation can be 64QAM, 256QAM, 1024QAM, etc.

[0144] In some embodiments, the radius of the first circular ring may be the same as the amplitude of the outermost constellation point in the constellation diagram used for high-order QAM modulation.

[0145] For example, in the 64QAM constellation diagram, the amplitude value of the outermost constellation point is 7sqrt(2) / sqrt(42), and this amplitude value can be set as the radius of the first ring. In other words, the amplitude value of the outermost constellation point of the M-order APSK modulation constellation diagram is set to be the same as the amplitude value of the outermost constellation point of the 64QAM constellation diagram. Accordingly, the radius of the second ring is calculated based on the ratio of the radius of the first ring to the radius of the second ring, and the radii of the first ring and the second ring can be obtained. For details, see Figure 7A. The amplitude value of the outermost constellation point in the 64QAM constellation diagram is 7sqrt(2) / sqrt(42), and this amplitude value is set as the radius of the first ring R1 = 7sqrt(2) / sqrt(42).

[0146] In some embodiments, the radius of the first circular ring is the same as the amplitude of the second outermost constellation point in the constellation diagram used for high-order QAM modulation.

[0147] For example, in the constellation diagram of 64QAM, the amplitude value of the second outer constellation point is 5sqrt(2) / sqrt(42), then the amplitude value can be set as the radius of the first ring. Correspondingly, the radius of the second ring is calculated according to the radius ratio of the first ring to the second ring, and the radii of the first ring and the second ring can be obtained. Among them, the radius of the first ring is set according to the high-order QAM modulation, and the radius of the second ring can also be determined according to the radius ratio, or it can be predefined, which is not specifically limited in this application. For details, please refer to Figure 7B. The amplitude value of the second outer constellation point in the 64QAM constellation diagram is 5sqrt(2) / sqrt(42), then the amplitude value is set as the radius of the first ring R1=5sqrt(2) / sqrt(42).

[0148] In some embodiments, the radius of the second ring is the same as the amplitude of the innermost constellation point in the constellation diagram used for high-order QAM modulation. For example, in the constellation diagram of 64QAM, the amplitude value of the innermost constellation point is sqrt(2) / sqrt(42), and this amplitude value can be set as the radius of the second ring. Accordingly, the radius of the first ring is calculated based on the ratio of the radius of the first ring to the radius of the second ring, and the radius of the first ring and the second ring can be obtained. Specifically, referring to Figure 8A, the amplitude value of the innermost constellation point in the 64QAM constellation diagram is sqrt(2) / sqrt(42), and this amplitude value is set as the radius of the second ring R2 = sqrt(2) / sqrt(42). Alternatively, the radius of the second ring is the same as the amplitude of the second innermost constellation point in the constellation diagram used for high-order QAM modulation. For example, the radius of the second ring is set to the amplitude value of 3sqrt(2) / sqrt(42) of the sub-inner constellation point in the 64QAM constellation diagram, and the radius of the first ring is further calculated based on the radius ratio of the first ring and the second ring. The radius of the second ring is set according to the high-order QAM modulation, and the radius of the first ring can also be determined according to the radius ratio or can be predefined, which is not specifically limited in this application. For details, please refer to Figure 8B. The amplitude value of the sub-inner constellation point in the 64QAM constellation diagram is 3sqrt(2) / sqrt(42), so this amplitude value is set to the radius of the second ring R2 = 3sqrt(2) / sqrt(42).

[0149] The following takes M equal to 5 as an example to illustrate several possible constellation diagrams.

[0150] Method 1: 16 of the 32 constellation points are evenly distributed on the first circular ring, and the remaining 16 constellation points are evenly distributed on the second circular ring. As shown in Figure 9A , on the first circular ring, starting from the first constellation point and proceeding counterclockwise, the bits corresponding to the constellation points are: 11000, 01000, 01001, 11001, 11101, 01101, 01100, 11100, 11110, 01110, 01111, 11111, 11011, 01011, 01010, 11010; where the phase of the first constellation point is 0°.

[0151] On the second circular ring, the second constellation point, starting from the second constellation point and proceeding counterclockwise, corresponds to the following bits: 10000, 00000, 00001, 10001, 10101, 00101, 00100, 10100, 10110, 00110, 00111, 10111, 10011, 00011, 00010, 10010; where the phase of the second constellation point is π / 16.

[0152] Method 2: 18 of the 32 constellation points are evenly distributed on the first ring, and the remaining 14 constellation points are evenly distributed on the second ring. As shown in Figure 9B , on the first ring, starting from the first constellation point and going counterclockwise, the bits corresponding to the constellation points are: 00010, 10010, 11000, 11001, 01001, 01101, 11101, 01100, 11100, 11110, 01110, 11111, 011111, 01011, 11011, 01010, 11010; the phase of the first constellation point is 0°. On the second circular ring, the second constellation point, starting from the second constellation point and proceeding counterclockwise, corresponds to the following bits: 10001, 10011, 10101, 10111, 10000, 00000, 00001, 00101, 00100, 10100, 10110, 00110, 00111, 00011; where the phase of the second constellation point is π / 18.

[0153] Alternatively, on the second circular ring, the second constellation point, starting from the second constellation point, and corresponding to the bits of each constellation point in the counterclockwise direction are 10001, 10011, 10101, 10111, 10000, 00000, 00101, 00100, 10100, 10110, 00110, 00111, 00011; wherein, the phase of the second constellation point is 0°. On the first circle, starting from the first constellation point and going counterclockwise, the bits corresponding to the constellation points are: 00010, 10010, 11000, 01000, 11001, 01001, 01101, 11101, 01100, 11100, 01110, 11111, 011111, 01011, 11011, 01010, 11010; the phase of the first constellation point is π / 14.

[0154] Method 3: 20 of the 32 constellation points are evenly distributed on the first ring, and the remaining 12 constellation points are evenly distributed on the second ring. As shown in Figure 9C , on the first ring, starting from the first constellation point and going counterclockwise, the bits corresponding to the constellation points are: 00111, 00011, 00010, 10010, 11000, 01001, 01001, 01101, 11101, 01100, 11100, 11110, 01110, 11111, 011111, 01011, 11011, 01010, 11010; the phase of the first constellation point is 0°. On the second circular ring, the second constellation point, starting from the second constellation point and proceeding counterclockwise, corresponds to the following bits: 10001, 10011, 10101, 10111, 10000, 00000, 00101, 00100, 10100, 10110, 00110; wherein, the phase of the second constellation point is π / 20.

[0155] Alternatively, on the second circular ring, the second constellation point, starting from the second constellation point, and corresponding to the bits of each constellation point in the counterclockwise direction are: 10001, 10011, 10101, 10111, 10000, 00000, 00101, 00100, 10100, 10110, 00110; wherein, the phase of the second constellation point is 0°. On the first circle, starting from the first constellation point and going counterclockwise, the bits corresponding to the constellation points are: 00111, 00011, 00010, 10010, 11000, 01000, 11001, 01001, 01101, 11101, 01100, 11100, 11110, 01110, 11111, 011111, 01011, 11011, 01010, 11010; the phase of the first constellation point is π / 10.

[0156] Of course, the above are just some examples and are not limited to these.

[0157] The constellation diagram in the embodiment of the present application may be specified by a protocol, or a network configuration, or agreed upon by both communicating parties, and the embodiment of the present application does not impose any limitation thereto.

[0158] In one possible design, the constellation diagram can be configured by the network. For example, if the first communication device is a network device and the second communication device is a terminal device, the first communication device can send the first information and the second communication device can receive the first information; or if the second communication device is a network device and the first communication device is a terminal device, the second communication device can send the first information and the first communication device can receive the first information. The first information is used to determine the constellation diagram.

[0159] In one implementation, the first information is used to determine a radius ratio of the first ring to the second ring.

[0160] For example, the first information may include a ratio of the radius of the first ring to the radius of the second ring, and the first value is preconfigured by the network device or predefined by the protocol.

[0161] Or for example, the first information may include specific numerical values ​​of the radii of the first ring and the second ring, where the first value is preconfigured by the network device or predefined by the protocol.

[0162] Or for example, the first information may include a specific value of the radius of the first ring, the specific value is determined by the constellation diagram used for K-order orthogonal amplitude QAM modulation, and the radius value of the second ring and the first value are pre-configured by the network device or pre-defined by the protocol.

[0163] Or for example, the first information may include a specific value of the radius of the second ring, the specific value is determined by the constellation diagram used for K-order orthogonal amplitude QAM modulation, and the radius value of the first ring and the first value are pre-configured by the network device or pre-defined by the protocol.

[0164] Of course, the above are just some examples and are not limited to these.

[0165] In one implementation, the first information is used to determine a phase difference (ie, a first value) between adjacent constellation points on the first ring and the second ring.

[0166] For example, the first information includes a first phase difference value, and specific values ​​of the radii of the first ring and the second ring are preconfigured by the network device or predefined by the protocol.

[0167] For example, the first information includes the radius ratio and phase difference between the first circle and the second circle.

[0168] In some embodiments, the first information is carried in signaling, wherein the signaling includes but is not limited to radio resource control (RRC) signaling, or medium access control (MAC) control element (CE) signaling, or downlink control information (DCI) signaling, without specific limitation.

[0169] In other embodiments, a transmitting end (e.g., a first communication device) carries the first information in a transmitted signal, specifically by adding the first information to the transmitted signal. Accordingly, after acquiring the received signal, a receiving end (e.g., a second communication device) can determine a constellation diagram based on the first information at the front end of the received signal for demodulation of subsequent signals.

[0170] It is understood that the above embodiments can be implemented separately or in combination with each other, and the present application does not limit the embodiments. The above describes the method provided by the embodiment of the present application, and the following describes the device provided by the embodiment of the present application.

[0171] FIG10 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a communication device provided in an embodiment of the present application. The communication device 1000 may be the circuit system of the first communication device described in the embodiment shown in FIG5 , and is used to implement the method corresponding to the first communication device in the above method embodiment. Alternatively, the communication device 1000 may be the circuit system of the second communication device described in the embodiment shown in FIG5 , and is used to implement the method corresponding to the second communication device in the above method embodiment. For example, one circuit system is a chip system.

[0172] The communication device 1000 includes at least one processor 1001. Processor 1001 can be used for internal processing of the device to implement certain control processing functions. Optionally, processor 1001 includes instructions. Optionally, processor 1001 can store data. Optionally, different processors can be independent devices, located in different physical locations, or on different integrated circuits. Optionally, different processors can be integrated into one or more processors, for example, on one or more integrated circuits.

[0173] Optionally, the communication device 1000 includes one or more memories 1003 for storing instructions. Optionally, data may also be stored in the memories 1003. The processor and memory may be provided separately or integrated together.

[0174] Optionally, the communication device 1000 includes a communication line 1002 and at least one communication interface 1004. Since the memory 1003, the communication line 1002 and the communication interface 1004 are all optional, they are indicated by dotted lines in FIG10 .

[0175] Optionally, the communication device 1000 may further include a transceiver and / or an antenna. The transceiver may be used to send information to or receive information from other devices. The transceiver may be referred to as a transceiver, a transceiver circuit, an input / output interface, etc., and is used to implement the transceiver function of the communication device 1000 through an antenna. Optionally, the transceiver includes a transmitter and a receiver. For example, the transmitter may be used to generate a radio frequency signal from a baseband signal, and the receiver may be used to convert the radio frequency signal into a baseband signal.

[0176] The processor 1001 may include a general-purpose central processing unit (CPU), a microprocessor, an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or one or more integrated circuits for controlling the execution of the program of the present application.

[0177] The communication link 1002 may include a path to transmit information between the aforementioned components.

[0178] The communication interface 1004 uses any transceiver or other device for communicating with other devices or communication networks, such as Ethernet, radio access network (RAN), wireless local area network (WLAN), wired access network, etc.

[0179] The memory 1003 may be a read-only memory (ROM) or other type of static storage device that can store static information and instructions, a random access memory (RAM) or other type of dynamic storage device that can store information and instructions, or an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), a compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM) or other optical disc storage, an optical disc storage (including a compact disc, laser disc, optical disc, digital versatile disc, Blu-ray disc, etc.), a magnetic disk storage medium or other magnetic storage device, or any other medium that can be used to carry or store desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures and can be accessed by a computer, but is not limited thereto. The memory 1003 may exist independently and be connected to the processor 1001 via the communication line 1002. Alternatively, the memory 1003 may also be integrated with the processor 1001.

[0180] The memory 1003 is used to store computer-executable instructions for executing the solution of the present application, and the execution is controlled by the processor 1001. The processor 1001 is used to execute the computer-executable instructions stored in the memory 1003, thereby implementing the steps performed by the first communication device or the second communication device in the embodiment shown in FIG.

[0181] Optionally, the computer-executable instructions in the embodiments of the present application may also be referred to as application code, which is not specifically limited in the embodiments of the present application.

[0182] In a specific implementation, as an embodiment, the processor 1001 may include one or more CPUs, such as CPU0 and CPU1 in FIG10 .

[0183] In a specific implementation, as an embodiment, the communication device 1000 may include multiple processors, such as the processor 1001 and the processor 1005 in FIG10 . Each of these processors may be a single-core (single-CPU) processor or a multi-core (multi-CPU) processor. The processor herein may refer to one or more devices, circuits, and / or processing cores for processing data (e.g., computer program instructions).

[0184] When the device shown in FIG10 is a chip, such as a chip of a first communication device or a chip of a second communication device, the chip includes a processor 1001 (and may also include a processor 1005), a communication circuit 1002, and a communication interface 1004. Optionally, the chip may include a memory 1003. Specifically, the communication interface 1004 may be an input interface, a pin, or a circuit. The memory 1003 may be a register, a cache, or the like. The processor 1001 and the processor 1005 may be a general-purpose CPU, a microprocessor, an ASIC, or one or more integrated circuits for controlling the execution of a program of the communication method of any of the above-described embodiments.

[0185] In the embodiment of the present application, the functional modules of the device can be divided according to the above-mentioned method examples. For example, each functional module can be divided according to each function, or two or more functions can be integrated into one processing module. The above-mentioned integrated module can be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of software functional modules. It should be noted that the division of modules in the embodiment of the present application is schematic and is only a logical function division. There may be other division methods in actual implementation. For example, in the case of dividing each functional module according to each function, Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of a device, and the device 1100 can be the first communication device or the second communication device involved in the above-mentioned method embodiments, or a chip in the first communication device or a chip in the second communication device. The device 1100 includes a processing unit 1102 and a transceiver unit 1101.

[0186] It should be understood that the device 1100 can be used to implement the steps performed by the first communication device or the second communication device in the communication method of the embodiment of the present application. The relevant features can refer to the embodiment shown in Figure 5 above and will not be repeated here.

[0187] Optionally, the functions / implementation processes of the transceiver unit 1101 and the processing unit 1102 in FIG11 may be implemented by the processor 1001 in FIG10 calling computer-executable instructions stored in the memory 1003. Alternatively, the functions / implementation processes of the processing unit 1102 in FIG11 may be implemented by the processor 1001 in FIG10 calling computer-executable instructions stored in the memory 1003, and the functions / implementation processes of the transceiver unit 1101 in FIG11 may be implemented by the communication interface 1004 in FIG10.

[0188] Optionally, when the device 1100 is a chip or circuit, the functions / implementation processes of the transceiver unit 1101 may also be implemented via pins or circuits. Optionally, the transceiver unit 1101 may include a transmitting unit and / or a receiving unit. The transmitting unit is used to implement the transmitting function, and the receiving unit is used to implement the receiving function. Alternatively, the transceiver unit 1101 may be an integral module capable of implementing the transmitting function and / or the receiving function. Optionally, the transceiver unit 1101 may be implemented via a transceiver.

[0189] In an optional implementation, the apparatus 1100 is configured to implement a method performed by a first communication device.

[0190] Exemplarily, the processing unit 1102 is configured to obtain information bits, modulate the information bits, and obtain modulation symbols; and the transceiver unit 1101 is configured to output the modulation symbols.

[0191] Optionally, the first value is between [π / (P+1), π / (Q-1)]; where P is the number of constellation points on the first circle, Q is the number of constellation points on the second circle, and both P and Q are positive integers.

[0192] Optionally, the first value is π / P, where P=Q; wherein P is the number of constellation points on the first circular ring, Q is the number of constellation points on the second circular ring, and both P and Q are positive integers.

[0193] Optionally, the first value is π / (P+1) or π / (P) or π / (Q) or π / (Q-1), P≠Q; where P is the number of constellation points on the first ring, Q is the number of constellation points on the second ring, and P and Q are both positive integers.

[0194] Optionally, the radius of the first circle is greater than the radius of the second circle, and the number of constellation points on the first circle is greater than or equal to the number of constellation points on the second circle.

[0195] Optionally, the ratio of the radius of the first ring to the radius of the second ring is in the range of [1.2, 1.55].

[0196] Exemplarily, the ratio of the radius of the first ring to the second ring is any one of the following: 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 1.45, 1.48, 1.5, 1.52, 1.55.

[0197] Optionally, the radius of the first ring R1 = sqrt(58), and the radius of the second ring R2 = sqrt(26); or, the radius of the first ring R1 = μsqrt(58), and the radius of the second ring R2 = μsqrt(26), where μ is a normalization factor.

[0198] Optionally, when M is equal to 5, 16 of the 32 constellation points are evenly distributed on the first ring, and the remaining 16 constellation points are evenly distributed on the second ring, wherein: on the first ring, starting from the first constellation point, the bits corresponding to the constellation points in the counterclockwise direction are: 11000, 01000, 01001, 11001, 11101, 01101, 01100, 11100, 11110, 01110, 01111, 11111, 11011, 01011 , 01010, 11010; the phase of the first constellation point is 0°; on the second circle, starting from the second constellation point, the bits corresponding to the constellation points in the counterclockwise direction are: 10000, 00000, 00001, 10001, 10101, 00101, 00100, 10100, 10110, 00110, 00111, 10111, 10011, 00011, 00010, 10010; the phase of the second constellation point is π / 16.

[0199] Optionally, when M is equal to 5, 18 of the 32 constellation points are evenly distributed on the first ring, and the remaining 14 constellation points are evenly distributed on the second ring. The 32 constellation points satisfy the Gray mapping rule, where:

[0200] The phase of the first constellation point on the first ring is 0°, the phase interval of the constellation points on the first ring is π / 9, the phase of the second constellation point on the second ring is π / 18, and the phase interval of the constellation points on the second ring is π / 7; or, the phase of the second constellation point on the second ring is 0°, the phase interval of the constellation points on the second ring is π / 7, the phase of the first constellation point on the first ring is π / 14, and the phase interval of the constellation points on the first ring is π / 9; wherein, the bits corresponding to the first constellation point are 00010, and the bits corresponding to the second constellation point are 10001.

[0201] Optionally, when M is equal to 5, 20 of the 32 constellation points are evenly distributed on the first ring, and the remaining 12 constellation points are evenly distributed on the second ring. The 32 constellation points satisfy the Gray mapping rule, where:

[0202] The phase of the first constellation point on the first ring is 0°, the phase interval of the constellation points on the first ring is π / 10, the phase of the second constellation point on the second ring is π / 20, and the phase interval of the constellation points on the second ring is π / 6; or, the phase of the second constellation point on the second ring is 0°, the phase interval of the constellation points on the second ring is π / 6, the phase of the first constellation point on the first ring is π / 12, and the phase interval of the constellation points on the first ring is π / 10; wherein, the bits corresponding to the first constellation point are 00111, and the bits corresponding to the second constellation point are 10001.

[0203] Optionally, the radius of the first ring is the same as the amplitude of the outermost constellation point in the constellation diagram used by K-order quadrature amplitude modulation K-QAM, and K is a positive integer greater than or equal to M; or, the radius of the first ring is the same as the amplitude of the second outermost constellation point in the constellation diagram used by K-order quadrature amplitude modulation K-QAM, and K is an integer greater than or equal to M.

[0204] Optionally, the radius of the second ring is the same as the amplitude of the innermost constellation point in the constellation diagram used by K-order quadrature amplitude modulation K-QAM, and K is an integer greater than or equal to M; or, the radius of the second ring is the same as the amplitude of the second innermost constellation point in the constellation diagram used by K-order quadrature amplitude modulation QAM, and K is an integer greater than or equal to M.

[0205] Optionally, the transceiver unit 1101 is used to: send or receive first information, where the first information is used to determine a constellation diagram used for modulation, wherein the first information includes a radius ratio of the first ring to the second ring.

[0206] In an optional implementation, the apparatus 1100 is configured to implement a method performed by a second communication device.

[0207] Exemplarily, the transceiver unit 1101 is used to obtain modulation symbols; the processing unit 1102 is used to demodulate the modulation symbols to obtain information bits.

[0208] Optionally, the first value is between [π / (P+1), π / (Q-1)]; where P is the number of constellation points on the first circle, Q is the number of constellation points on the second circle, and both P and Q are positive integers.

[0209] Optionally, the first value is π / P, where P=Q; wherein P is the number of constellation points on the first circular ring, Q is the number of constellation points on the second circular ring, and both P and Q are positive integers.

[0210] Optionally, the first value is π / (P+1) or π / (P) or π / (Q) or π / (Q-1), P≠Q; where P is the number of constellation points on the first ring, Q is the number of constellation points on the second ring, and P and Q are both positive integers.

[0211] Optionally, the radius of the first circle is greater than the radius of the second circle, and the number of constellation points on the first circle is greater than or equal to the number of constellation points on the second circle.

[0212] Optionally, the ratio of the radius of the first ring to the radius of the second ring is in the range of [1.2, 1.55].

[0213] Exemplarily, the ratio of the radius of the first ring to the second ring is any one of the following: 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 1.45, 1.48, 1.5, 1.52, 1.55.

[0214] Optionally, the radius of the first ring R1 = sqrt(58), and the radius of the second ring R2 = sqrt(26); or, the radius of the first ring R1 = μsqrt(58), and the radius of the second ring R2 = μsqrt(26), where μ is a normalization factor.

[0215] Optionally, when M is equal to 5, 16 of the 32 constellation points are evenly distributed on the first ring, and the remaining 16 constellation points are evenly distributed on the second ring, wherein: on the first ring, starting from the first constellation point, the bits corresponding to the constellation points in the counterclockwise direction are: 11000, 01000, 01001, 11001, 11101, 01101, 01100, 11100, 11110, 01110, 01111, 11111, 11011, 01011 , 01010, 11010; the phase of the first constellation point is 0°; on the second circle, starting from the second constellation point, the bits corresponding to the constellation points in the counterclockwise direction are: 10000, 00000, 00001, 10001, 10101, 00101, 00100, 10100, 10110, 00110, 00111, 10111, 10011, 00011, 00010, 10010; the phase of the second constellation point is π / 16.

[0216] Optionally, when M is equal to 5, 18 of the 32 constellation points are evenly distributed on the first ring, and the remaining 14 constellation points are evenly distributed on the second ring. The 32 constellation points satisfy the Gray mapping rule, where:

[0217] The phase of the first constellation point on the first ring is 0°, the phase interval of the constellation points on the first ring is π / 9, the phase of the second constellation point on the second ring is π / 18, and the phase interval of the constellation points on the second ring is π / 7; or, the phase of the second constellation point on the second ring is 0°, the phase interval of the constellation points on the second ring is π / 7, the phase of the first constellation point on the first ring is π / 14, and the phase interval of the constellation points on the first ring is π / 9; wherein, the bits corresponding to the first constellation point are 00010, and the bits corresponding to the second constellation point are 10001.

[0218] Optionally, when M is equal to 5, 20 of the 32 constellation points are evenly distributed on the first ring, and the remaining 12 constellation points are evenly distributed on the second ring. The 32 constellation points satisfy the Gray mapping rule, where:

[0219] The phase of the first constellation point on the first ring is 0°, the phase interval of the constellation points on the first ring is π / 10, the phase of the second constellation point on the second ring is π / 20, and the phase interval of the constellation points on the second ring is π / 6; or, the phase of the second constellation point on the second ring is 0°, the phase interval of the constellation points on the second ring is π / 6, the phase of the first constellation point on the first ring is π / 12, and the phase interval of the constellation points on the first ring is π / 10; wherein, the bits corresponding to the first constellation point are 00111, and the bits corresponding to the second constellation point are 10001.

[0220] Optionally, the radius of the first ring is the same as the amplitude of the outermost constellation point in the constellation diagram used by K-order quadrature amplitude modulation K-QAM, and K is a positive integer greater than or equal to M; or, the radius of the first ring is the same as the amplitude of the second outermost constellation point in the constellation diagram used by K-order quadrature amplitude modulation K-QAM, and K is an integer greater than or equal to M.

[0221] Optionally, the radius of the second ring is the same as the amplitude of the innermost constellation point in the constellation diagram used by K-order quadrature amplitude modulation K-QAM, and K is an integer greater than or equal to M; or, the radius of the second ring is the same as the amplitude of the second innermost constellation point in the constellation diagram used by K-order quadrature amplitude modulation QAM, and K is an integer greater than or equal to M.

[0222] Optionally, the transceiver unit 1101 is used to: receive or send first information, where the first information is used to determine a constellation diagram used for demodulation, wherein the first information includes a radius ratio of the first ring to the second ring.

[0223] It should be understood that all relevant contents of each step involved in the above method embodiment can be referred to the functional description of the corresponding functional module and will not be repeated here.

[0224] The present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium, which stores a computer program or instruction. When the computer program or instruction is executed, the method performed by the first communication device or the second communication device in the aforementioned method embodiment is implemented. In this way, the functions described in the above embodiments can be implemented in the form of software functional units and sold or used as independent products. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present application can essentially or in other words, the part that contributes or the part of the technical solution can be embodied in the form of a software product. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions for enabling a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the method described in each embodiment of the present application. The storage medium includes various media that can store program codes, such as a USB flash drive, a mobile hard disk, a ROM, a RAM, a magnetic disk, or an optical disk.

[0225] The present application also provides a computer program product, which includes: computer program code, which, when executed on a computer, enables the computer to execute the method executed by the first communication device or the second communication device in any of the aforementioned method embodiments.

[0226] An embodiment of the present application further provides a processing device, including a processor and an interface; the processor is used to execute the method executed by the first communication device or the second communication device involved in any of the above method embodiments.

[0227] In the above embodiments, it can be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware, firmware or any combination thereof. When software is used for implementation, it can be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When the computer program instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, the process or function described in the embodiment of the present application is generated in whole or in part. The computer can be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable device. The computer instructions can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another computer-readable storage medium. For example, the computer instructions can be transmitted from one website, computer, server or data center to another website, computer, server or data center via a wired (e.g., coaxial cable, optical fiber, digital subscriber line (DSL)) or wireless (e.g., infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.) method. The computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium that a computer can access or a data storage device such as a server or data center that includes one or more available media integrations. The available medium can be a magnetic medium (e.g., a floppy disk, a hard disk, a tape), an optical medium (e.g., a DVD), or a semiconductor medium (e.g., a solid-state drive (SSD)).

[0228] The various illustrative logic units and circuits described in the embodiments of the present application can be implemented or operated by a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an ASIC, a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof. The general-purpose processor can be a microprocessor, and optionally, the general-purpose processor can also be any conventional processor, controller, microcontroller or state machine. The processor can also be implemented by a combination of computing devices, such as a digital signal processor and a microprocessor, a plurality of microprocessors, one or more microprocessors in conjunction with a digital signal processor core, or any other similar configuration.

[0229] The steps of the methods or algorithms described in the embodiments of the present application can be directly embedded in hardware, software units executed by a processor, or a combination of the two. The software unit can be stored in RAM, flash memory, ROM, erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), EEPROM, registers, hard disks, removable disks, CD-ROMs, or other storage media in any form known in the art. Exemplarily, the storage medium can be connected to the processor so that the processor can read information from the storage medium and write information to the storage medium. Alternatively, the storage medium can also be integrated into the processor. The processor and storage medium can be provided in an ASIC, which can be provided in a terminal device. Alternatively, the processor and storage medium can also be provided in different components in the terminal device.

[0230] These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device so that a series of operating steps are executed on the computer or other programmable device to produce a computer-implemented process, so that the instructions executed on the computer or other programmable device provide steps for implementing the functions specified in one or more processes in the flowchart and / or one or more boxes in the block diagram.

[0231] The contents of the various embodiments of this application can refer to each other. If there is no special explanation and logical conflict, the terms and / or descriptions between different embodiments are consistent and can be referenced to each other. The technical features in different embodiments can be combined to form new embodiments according to their internal logical relationships.

[0232] It is understood that in the embodiments of the present application, the first communication device and / or the second communication device may perform some or all of the steps in the embodiments of the present application. These steps or operations are merely examples. In the embodiments of the present application, other operations or variations of various operations may also be performed. In addition, the various steps may be performed in a different order than those presented in the embodiments of the present application, and it is possible that not all operations in the embodiments of the present application need to be performed.

Claims

1. A communication method, characterized in that, including: obtaining information bits; Modulate the information bits to obtain modulation symbols. The constellation diagram used for the modulation includes 2 M constellation points. The 2 M constellation points are evenly distributed on two concentric rings. Among them, the two concentric rings include a first ring and a second ring. The phase difference between adjacent constellation points on the first ring and the second ring is a first value, and the first value is not 0. M is an integer greater than 1; outputting the modulation symbols.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first value is between [π / (P + 1), π / (Q - 1)]; where P is the number of constellation points on the first ring, Q is the number of constellation points on the second ring, and both P and Q are positive integers.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The first value is π / P, where P = Q; where P is the number of constellation points on the first ring, Q is the number of constellation points on the second ring, and both P and Q are positive integers.

4. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The first value is π / (P + 1) or π / (P) or π / (Q) or π / (Q - 1), where P ≠ Q; where P is the number of constellation points on the first ring, Q is the number of constellation points on the second ring, and both P and Q are positive integers.

5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that The radius of the first ring is greater than the radius of the second ring, and the number of constellation points on the first ring is greater than or equal to the number of constellation points on the second ring.

6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The value range of the radius ratio of the first ring to the second ring is [1.2, 1.55].

7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The radius ratio of the first ring to the second ring is any one of the following: 1.2、1.3、1.4、1.45、1.48、1.5、1.52、1.55。 8. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The radius R1 of the first ring = sqrt(58), and the radius R2 of the second ring = sqrt(26); or, The radius R1 of the first ring = μsqrt(58), and the radius R2 of the second ring = μsqrt(26), where μ is a normalization factor.

9. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, When M is equal to 5, 16 out of 32 constellation points are evenly distributed on the first ring, and the remaining 16 constellation points are evenly distributed on the second ring, where: On the first ring, starting from the first constellation point, the bits corresponding to the constellation points in the counterclockwise direction are: 11000, 01000, 01001, 11001, 11101, 01101, 01100, 11100, 11110, 01110, 01111, 11111, 11011, 01011, 01010, 11010; where the phase of the first constellation point is 0°. On the second ring, starting from the second constellation point, the bits corresponding to the constellation points in the counterclockwise direction are: 10000, 00000, 00001, 10001, 10101, 00101, 00100, 10100, 10110, 00110, 00111, 10111, 10011, 00011, 00010, 10010; where the phase of the second constellation point is π / 16.

10. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, When M is equal to 5, 18 out of 32 constellation points are evenly distributed on the first ring, and the remaining 14 constellation points are evenly distributed on the second ring, and the 32 constellation points satisfy the Gray mapping rule, where: The phase of the first constellation point on the first ring is 0°, the phase interval of the constellation points on the first ring is π / 9, the phase of the second constellation point on the second ring is π / 18, and the phase interval of the constellation points on the second ring is π / 7; or, the phase of the second constellation point on the second ring is 0°, the phase interval of the constellation points on the second ring is π / 7, the phase of the first constellation point on the first ring is π / 14, and the phase interval of the constellation points on the first ring is π / 9; Among them, the bits corresponding to the first constellation point are 00010, and the bits corresponding to the second constellation point are 10001.

11. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that When M is equal to 5, 20 of the 32 constellation points are evenly distributed on the first ring, and the remaining 12 constellation points are evenly distributed on the second ring. The 32 constellation points satisfy the Gray mapping rule, where: The phase of the first constellation point on the first ring is 0°, the phase interval of the constellation points on the first ring is π / 10, the phase of the second constellation point on the second ring is π / 20, and the phase interval of the constellation points on the second ring is π / 6; or, the phase of the second constellation point on the second ring is 0°, the phase interval of the constellation points on the second ring is π / 6, the phase of the first constellation point on the first ring is π / 12, and the phase interval of the constellation points on the first ring is π / 10; Among them, the bits corresponding to the first constellation point are 00111, and the bits corresponding to the second constellation point are 10001.

12. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, 9 to 11, characterized in that, The radius of the first ring is the same as the amplitude of the outermost constellation points in the constellation diagram used for K-order quadrature amplitude modulation K-QAM, where K is a positive integer greater than or equal to M; or, the radius of the first ring is the same as the amplitude of the second outermost constellation points in the constellation diagram used for K-order quadrature amplitude modulation K-QAM, and K is an integer greater than or equal to M.

13. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, 9 to 12, characterized in that The radius of the second ring is the same as the amplitude of the innermost constellation points in the constellation diagram used for K-order quadrature amplitude modulation K-QAM, where K is an integer greater than or equal to M; or, the radius of the second ring is the same as the amplitude of the second innermost constellation points in the constellation diagram used for QAM of K-order quadrature amplitude modulation, and K is an integer greater than or equal to M.

14. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that, The method further includes: Sending or receiving the first information, where the first information is used to determine the constellation diagram used for modulation, and the first information includes the radius ratio of the first ring to the second ring.

15. A communication method, characterized in that, Including: Obtaining modulation symbols; Demodulate the modulation symbols to obtain information bits. The constellation diagram used for demodulation includes 2 M constellation points. The 2 M constellation points are evenly distributed on two concentric rings. Among them, the two concentric rings include a first ring and a second ring. The phase difference between adjacent constellation points on the first ring and the second ring is a first value, and the first value is not 0. M is an integer greater than 1.

16. The method according to claim 15, characterized in that The first value is between [π / (P + 1), π / (Q - 1)]; where P is the number of constellation points on the first ring, Q is the number of constellation points on the second ring, and both P and Q are positive integers.

17. The method according to claim 15 or 16, characterized in that, The first value is π / P, P = Q; where P is the number of constellation points on the first ring, Q is the number of constellation points on the second ring, and both P and Q are positive integers.

18. The method according to claim 15 or 16, characterized in that The first value is π / (P + 1) or π / (P) or π / (Q) or π / (Q - 1), where P ≠ Q; wherein, P is the number of constellation points on the first ring, Q is the number of constellation points on the second ring, and both P and Q are positive integers.

19. The method according to any one of claims 15 to 18, characterized in that The radius of the first ring is greater than the radius of the second ring, and the number of constellation points on the first ring is greater than or equal to the number of constellation points on the second ring.

20. The method according to any one of claims 15 to 19, characterized in that, The value range of the radius ratio of the first ring to the second ring is [1.2, 1.55].

21. The method according to any one of claims 15 to 20, characterized in that, The radius ratio of the first ring to the second ring is any one of the following: 1.2、1.3、1.4、1.45、1.48、1.5、1.52、1.55。 22. The method according to any one of claims 15 to 20, characterized in that, The radius R1 of the first ring = sqrt(58), and the radius R2 of the second ring = sqrt(26); or, The radius R1 of the first ring = μsqrt(58), and the radius R2 of the second ring = μsqrt(26), where μ is a normalization factor.

23. The method according to any one of claims 15 to 22, characterized in that, When M is equal to 5, 16 out of 32 constellation points are evenly distributed on the first ring, and the remaining 16 constellation points are evenly distributed on the second ring, where: On the first ring, starting from the first constellation point, the bits corresponding to the constellation points in the counterclockwise direction are: 11000, 01000, 01001, 11001, 11101, 01101, 01100, 11100, 11110, 01110, 01111, 11111, 11011, 01011, 01010, 11010; wherein, the phase of the first constellation point is 0°. On the second ring, starting from the second constellation point, the bits corresponding to the constellation points in the counterclockwise direction are: 10000, 00000, 00001, 10001, 10101, 00101, 00100, 10100, 10110, 00110, 00111, 10111, 10011, 00011, 00010, 10010; wherein, the phase of the second constellation point is π / 16.

24. The method according to any one of claims 15 to 21 or 23, characterized in that, The radius of the first ring is the same as the amplitude of the outermost constellation points in the constellation diagram used for K-order quadrature amplitude modulation K-QAM, where K is a positive integer greater than or equal to M; or, the radius of the first ring is the same as the amplitude of the second outermost constellation points in the constellation diagram used for K-order quadrature amplitude modulation K-QAM, and K is an integer greater than or equal to M.

25. The method according to any one of claims 15 to 21 and 23 to 24, characterized in that, The radius of the second ring is the same as the amplitude of the innermost constellation points in the constellation diagram used for K-order quadrature amplitude modulation K-QAM, where K is an integer greater than or equal to M; or, the radius of the second ring is the same as the amplitude of the second innermost constellation points in the constellation diagram used for QAM of K-order quadrature amplitude modulation, and K is an integer greater than or equal to M.

26. The method according to any one of claims 15 to 25, characterized in that, The method further includes: Receiving or sending the first information, where the first information is used to determine the constellation diagram used for demodulation, and the first information includes the radius ratio of the first ring to the second ring.

27. A communication device, characterized in that, The communication device includes a module for performing the method according to any one of claims 1 to 14, or includes a module for performing the method according to any one of claims 15 to 26.

28. A communication device, characterized in that, The communication device includes a processor and a memory, the memory is used for storing a computer program, and the processor is used for executing the computer program stored on the memory, so that the communication device performs the method according to any one of claims 1 to 14, or so that the communication device performs the method according to any one of claims 15 to 26.

29. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium is used for storing a computer program, and when the computer program runs on a computer, the computer is caused to perform the method according to any one of claims 1 to 14, or the computer is caused to perform the method according to any one of claims 15 to 26.

30. A communication system, characterized in that, The communication system includes a first communication device and a second communication device, the first communication device is used for performing the method according to any one of claims 1 to 14, and the second communication device is used for performing the method according to any one of claims 15 to 26.

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