Perovskite solar cell

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of photovoltaics. Disclosed is a perovskite solar cell. The perovskite solar cell provided in the present application comprises a substrate layer, a transparent conductive layer, a cell layer, an electrode layer and conductive adhesive tapes, wherein one side surface of the substrate layer has a first area, a second area and a third area, and the cell layer is located on the side surface, which is away from the substrate layer, of the transparent conductive layer located in the third area; the electrode layer is located on the side surface of the transparent conductive layer that is away from the substrate layer; and the conductive adhesive tapes are located on the side surface, which is away from the substrate layer, of the electrode layer in the first area and the second area, and the conductive adhesive tapes are arranged spaced apart from the cell layer. In the perovskite solar cell provided in the present application, an electrode layer is not prone to demolding. Moreover, since the conductive adhesive tapes are not stacked on the cell layer, decomposition or phase change of part of the cell layer caused by the conductive adhesive tapes participating in lamination and packaging is also avoided. Therefore, the high-perovskite solar cell has relatively good electrical properties and reliability.

Description

Perovskite solar cells

[0001] CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0002] This application claims priority to Chinese patent application number 202420109196.7, filed with the Chinese Patent Office on January 16, 2024, entitled “A Conductive Tape and Perovskite Solar Cell”;

[0003] And the priority of the Chinese patent application with application number 202420616434.3 and titled "Perovskite Photovoltaic Cell Components and Photovoltaic Cell Processing Equipment" submitted to the China Patent Office on March 27, 2024, the entire contents of which are incorporated by reference into this application. Technical Field

[0004] The present application relates to the field of photovoltaic technology, and in particular to a perovskite solar cell. Background Art

[0005] Due to the high-temperature decomposition characteristics of perovskite, the electrodes cannot be led out by welding. The conventional method is to apply conductive tape to the electrode layer on the back of the battery, and then use busbars to lead out the positive and negative electrodes. Due to the poor adhesion between the electrode layer and the battery layer of perovskite photovoltaic modules, the electrode layer at the conductive tape will delaminate during the aging process of the module, causing module failure. In addition, the conductive tape on the back of the battery may cause part of the battery layer to decompose or undergo phase change during lamination and packaging, resulting in deterioration of battery performance. Therefore, the reliability of existing perovskite solar cells is poor.

[0006] In view of this, this application is hereby filed.

[0007] Application Contents

[0008] The purpose of this application includes providing a perovskite solar cell with better reliability.

[0009] The embodiments of the present application can be implemented as follows:

[0010] The present application provides a perovskite solar cell, comprising:

[0011] A substrate layer, wherein one side surface of the substrate layer has a first area, a second area, and a third area, and the third area is located between the first area and the second area;

[0012] a transparent conductive layer, located at least in the third region and extending to the first region and the second region;

[0013] A battery layer, a surface of the transparent conductive layer located in the third region away from the substrate layer;

[0014] The electrode layer is disposed on the surface of the transparent conductive layer away from the substrate layer;

[0015] The conductive tape is arranged on the surface of the electrode layer in the first area and the second area away from the substrate layer, and the conductive tape is spaced apart from the battery layer.

[0016] In an optional embodiment, the perovskite solar cell includes an intermediate sub-cell and an end sub-cell connected in series, the intermediate sub-cell includes a substrate layer and a transparent conductive layer, a cell layer and an electrode layer stacked on the substrate layer; the end sub-cell includes a substrate layer and a transparent conductive layer and an electrode layer stacked on the substrate layer.

[0017] In an optional embodiment, the end sub-cell includes a first end sub-cell, the first end sub-cell includes a first part and a second part connected; the first part includes a substrate layer and a transparent conductive layer and an electrode layer stacked on the substrate layer; the second part includes a substrate layer and a transparent conductive layer, a battery layer and an electrode layer stacked on the substrate layer; the second part is adjacent to the middle sub-cell, and there is a first P3 scribed groove between the second part and the middle sub-cell, and the first P3 scribed groove runs through the electrode layer and the battery layer.

[0018] In an optional embodiment, the second part and the middle sub-cell are connected by at least a second P2 scribed groove, the second P2 scribed groove passes through the photoelectric conversion layer, and the second P2 scribed groove is filled with conductive material; the electrode layer of the first part and the electrode layer of the second part are connected by a side conductive layer.

[0019] In an optional embodiment, the transparent conductive layer, battery layer and electrode layer in the second part of the intermediate sub-cell and the first end sub-cell are located in the third area of ​​the substrate layer; the transparent conductive layer and electrode layer in the first part of the first end sub-cell are located in the first area or the second area of ​​the substrate layer.

[0020] In an optional embodiment, the end sub-cell includes a second end sub-cell, and the second end sub-cell and the middle sub-cell are connected through a first P2 scribed groove, the first P2 scribed groove passes through the battery layer, and the first P2 scribed groove is filled with conductive material.

[0021] In an optional embodiment, the width of the conductive tape is less than or equal to the width of the transparent conductive layer in any one of the first region and the second region.

[0022] In an optional embodiment, the width of the conductive tape is 3 mm to 18 mm.

[0023] In an optional embodiment, the width of the conductive tape is smaller than the width of the electrode layer in either the first or second region; the conductive tape has an outer edge in its width direction away from the battery layer; the electrode layers in the first and second regions have outer edges away from the battery layer; and the outer edge of the conductive tape is spaced apart from the outer edge of the electrode layer in the width direction of the conductive tape. The perovskite solar cell further includes an encapsulant applied to the transparent conductive layer, the sides of the electrode layer, and the surface of the electrode layer between the outer edge of the electrode layer and the outer edge of the conductive tape. The distance between the outer edge of the conductive tape and the outer edge of the substrate layer is 6 mm to 20 mm; and the distance between the outer edge of the conductive tape and the outer edge of the electrode layer is less than 10 mm.

[0024] In an optional embodiment, the lead-out terminal includes a positive electrode lead-out terminal and a negative electrode lead-out terminal, and the positive electrode lead-out terminal and the negative electrode lead-out terminal are arranged opposite to each other; the positive electrode lead-out terminal extends from the extension portion of the conductive tape in the first region toward one end of the second region, and the negative electrode lead-out terminal extends from the extension portion of the conductive tape in the second region toward one end of the first region;

[0025] The extended portion of the conductive tape in the first region is used to bond and fix the positive electrode lead-out terminal to the substrate layer; the extended portion of the conductive tape in the second region is used to bond and fix the negative electrode lead-out terminal to the substrate layer.

[0026] In an optional embodiment, the first area and the second area are both "L"-shaped; the extension portion and the covering portion form a 90° angle, and the extension portion of the conductive tape in the first area and the extension portion of the conductive tape in the second area extend toward each other; there is an opening between the extension portion of the conductive tape in the first area and the extension portion of the conductive tape in the second area.

[0027] In an optional embodiment, the conductive tape includes a substrate layer and a grid conductive layer and a conductive adhesive filling layer located on one side surface of the substrate layer. The grid conductive layer is arranged on the surface of the substrate layer in a grid structure, and the conductive adhesive filling layer fills the meshes of the grid structure. The grid conductive layer and the conductive adhesive filling layer in the conductive tape are attached to the surface of the electrode layer.

[0028] In an optional embodiment, the mesh conductive layer includes a plurality of meshes, and the cross-sectional size of a single mesh is 0.0004 mm. 2 -1mm 2 The cross-sectional size of the mesh wire used to form a single mesh in the mesh conductive layer is 0.0004mm 2 -0.04mm 2 ; The thickness of the substrate layer is 10μm-100μm; the thickness of the conductive adhesive filling layer is 50μm-200μm.

[0029] In an optional embodiment, the substrate layer includes a polyethylene terephthalate layer or a polyethylene naphthalate layer; the grid conductive layer includes a silver conductive layer; and the conductive adhesive filling layer includes a blend mixed layer of acrylate and silver, a blend mixed layer of transparent silicone and silver, or a blend mixed layer of transparent epoxy adhesive and silver.

[0030] In an optional embodiment, the electrode layer is a metal electrode layer.

[0031] The beneficial effects of the perovskite solar cell provided by the embodiments of the present application include:

[0032] The perovskite solar cell provided in an embodiment of the present application includes a substrate layer, a transparent conductive layer, a battery layer, an electrode layer, and a conductive tape. One side surface of the substrate layer comprises a first region, a second region, and a third region, with the third region located between the first and second regions. The transparent conductive layer is located at least in the third region and extends into the first and second regions. The battery layer is located on a side surface of the transparent conductive layer in the third region that is remote from the substrate layer. The electrode layer is located on a side surface of the transparent conductive layer that is remote from the substrate layer. The conductive tape is located on a side surface of the electrode layer in the first and second regions that is remote from the substrate layer, with the conductive tape spaced apart from the battery layer. In the present application, the battery layer is located in the third region, while the transparent conductive layer, electrode layer, and conductive tape are sequentially stacked in the first and second regions. Because the electrode layer covered by the conductive tape in the first and second regions is directly connected to the transparent conductive layer rather than to the battery layer, the bonding force between the transparent conductive layer and the electrode layer is stronger than the bonding force between the electrode layer and the battery layer. Therefore, the electrode layer in the first and second regions is less susceptible to delamination, and the overall structure formed by the transparent conductive layer, electrode layer, and conductive tape is highly reliable. Moreover, in the present application, the conductive tape is attached to the electrode layer in the first area and the second area. Compared with directly attaching the conductive tape to the transparent conductive layer, due to the lower square resistance of the electrode layer, it is not easy to produce local overheating during use. At the same time, since the conductive tape is not stacked on the battery layer, it also avoids the conductive tape causing part of the battery layer to decompose or change phase when participating in the lamination package. Furthermore, the conductive tape is spaced apart from the battery layer. When the perovskite solar cell works outdoors for a long time, the long-term risk of the conductive tape volatilizing and laterally diffusing to the battery layer, causing part of the battery layer to decompose or change phase, is eliminated, thereby improving the electrical performance and reliability of the perovskite solar cell. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for use in the embodiments. It should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate certain embodiments of the present application and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other relevant drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0034] FIG1 is a schematic structural diagram of a perovskite solar cell in one embodiment of the present application;

[0035] FIG2 is a cross-sectional view of a perovskite solar cell in one embodiment of the present application;

[0036] 3 and 4 are schematic diagrams of a transparent conductive layer on one side of a substrate layer in two embodiments of the present application;

[0037] FIG5 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of encapsulation adhesive in a perovskite solar cell according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0038] FIG6 is a schematic structural diagram of a conductive tape in one embodiment of the present application;

[0039] FIG7 is a schematic diagram of a first structure of a perovskite solar cell provided in the present application;

[0040] FIG8 is a schematic diagram of a second structure of a perovskite solar cell provided by the present application;

[0041] FIG9 is a schematic diagram of a third structure of a perovskite solar cell provided in this application;

[0042] FIG10 is a schematic structural diagram of a photovoltaic cell processing device provided by the present application;

[0043] FIG11 is a first structural schematic diagram of the positioning mechanism provided by the present application;

[0044] FIG12 is a second structural schematic diagram of the positioning mechanism provided by the present application;

[0045] FIG13 is a schematic diagram of a first structure of a negative pressure dust removal component provided by the present application;

[0046] FIG14 is a second structural schematic diagram of the negative pressure dust removal component provided in this application.

[0047] Icons: 1-substrate layer; 2-transparent conductive layer; 3-cell layer; 31-first carrier transport layer; 32-perovskite absorption layer; 33-second carrier transport layer; 4-conductive tape; 41-base material layer; 42-grid conductive layer; 43-conductive adhesive filling layer; 5-lead terminal; 51-positive electrode lead terminal; 52-negative electrode lead terminal; 6-electrode layer; 7-encapsulation adhesive; 8-intermediate sub-cell; 91-first end sub-cell; 911-first part; 912-second part; 92-second end sub-cell; 93-side conductive layer;

[0048] 108-surface treatment assembly; 109-first guide rail; 110-second guide rail; 111-third guide rail; 112-conveyor line; 113-lifting device; 114-angle control device; 115-positioning wheel; 116-negative pressure dust removal component; 117-negative pressure dust removal port. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0049] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present application more clear, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Generally, the components of the embodiments of the present application described and shown in the drawings herein can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0050] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the present application for protection, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0051] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further defined or explained in subsequent drawings.

[0052] In the description of this application, it should be noted that if the terms "upper", "lower", "inside", "outside", etc. appear, the orientation or position relationship indicated is based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or is the orientation or position relationship in which the invented product is usually placed when in use. It is only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it cannot be understood as a limitation on this application.

[0053] In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc., if used, are merely used to distinguish and describe, and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0054] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the features in the embodiments of this application can be combined with each other.

[0055] As described in the background art, in conventional perovskite solar cells, a conductive tape is often applied to the electrode layer stacked on the back of the cell and the cell layer (or light absorption layer). This arrangement can cause poor adhesion between the electrode layer and the cell layer. During the aging process of the component, the electrode layer at the conductive tape is prone to delamination, which in turn leads to component failure. In addition, the conductive tape on the back of the cell may cause part of the cell layer to decompose or undergo phase change when participating in the lamination package, resulting in degradation of cell performance. To this end, a related technology adjusts the laser scribing process so that the conductive tape is directly applied to the front electrode (i.e., the transparent conductive layer on the front of the cell) to avoid delamination. However, the transparent conductive layer on the front of the cell has a higher square resistance than the electrode layer on the back, and may locally overheat during use, adversely affecting the conductive tape and leading to component failure. Therefore, the reliability of existing perovskite solar cells is poor.

[0056] In order to improve the problem of poor reliability of perovskite solar cells in the above-mentioned related technologies, an embodiment of the present application provides a perovskite solar cell, which improves the reliability of the perovskite solar cell by stacking a transparent conductive layer, an electrode layer and a conductive tape in sequence in an area not covering the battery layer.

[0057] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a perovskite solar cell in one embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of a perovskite solar cell in one embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the perovskite solar cell provided in an embodiment of the present application includes a substrate layer 1, a transparent conductive layer 2, a battery layer 3, an electrode layer 6, and a conductive tape 4. One side surface of the substrate layer 1 has a first region A, a second region B, and a third region C, wherein the third region C is located between the first region A and the second region B. The transparent conductive layer 2 is located at least in the third region C and extends to the first region A and the second region B. The battery layer 3 is located on a side surface of the transparent conductive layer 2 in the third region C away from the substrate layer 1. The electrode layer 6 is located on a side surface of the transparent conductive layer 2 away from the substrate layer 1. The conductive tape 4 is located at least in the first region A and the second region B and on a side surface of the electrode layer 6 away from the substrate layer 1, and the conductive tape 4 is spaced apart from the battery layer 3.

[0058] In the embodiment of the present application, since the battery layer 3 is located on the side surface of the transparent conductive layer 2 in the third area C away from the substrate layer 1, the conductive tape 4 is arranged on the side of the electrode layer 6 on the transparent conductive layer 2 in the first area A and the second area B away from the substrate layer 1. In this way, since the conductive tape 4 is not stacked with the battery layer 3, it can avoid the conductive tape 4 causing part of the battery layer 3 to decompose or change phase when participating in the lamination package; secondly, the conductive tape 4 is spaced apart from the battery layer 3. When the perovskite solar cell works outdoors for a long time, it can improve the long-term risk of decomposition or phase change of part of the battery layer 3 due to the evaporation of the conductive tape 4 and the lateral diffusion to the battery layer 3, thereby improving the electrical performance and reliability of the perovskite solar cell.

[0059] In the embodiment of the present application, the electrode layer 6 is distributed in the first region A, the second region B, and the third region C. The electrode layer 6 in the third region C covers the surface of the battery layer 3 on the side away from the substrate layer 1. In the first region A and the second region B, the substrate layer 1, the transparent conductive layer 2, the electrode layer 6, and the conductive tape 4 are stacked in sequence. Compared to the solution of directly applying the conductive tape 4 to the transparent conductive layer 2, adding the electrode layer 6 between the conductive tape 4 and the transparent conductive layer 2 has a lower square resistance. The conductive tape 4 is attached to the electrode layer 6, which can reduce the series resistance of the component, facilitate charge transfer, and is less likely to cause overheating in the area where the conductive tape 4 is attached. Moreover, at the process level, the electrode layer 6 covering the first region A and the second region B can be prepared simultaneously with the electrode layer 6 covering the battery layer 3, without adding additional processes.

[0060] It should be noted that the specific structure of the battery layer 3 is not limited in the embodiments of the present application and can be configured using existing technologies according to actual needs. For example, it can generally include a hole transport layer located on the surface of the transparent conductive layer 2 away from the substrate layer 1, a perovskite absorption layer located on the surface of the hole transport layer away from the substrate layer 1, and an electron transport layer located on the surface of the perovskite absorption layer away from the substrate layer 1. Therefore, in the third region C, the perovskite solar cell includes a substrate layer, a transparent conductive layer, a hole transport layer, a perovskite absorption layer, an electron transport layer, and a metal electrode layer stacked in sequence.

[0061] Figures 3 and 4 are schematic diagrams of the transparent conductive layer 2 on one side surface of the substrate layer 1 in two embodiments of the present application. It can be known that the steps for forming a perovskite solar cell generally include: forming a transparent conductive layer 2 on one side surface of the substrate layer 1; performing a first laser scribing on the transparent conductive layer 2 (refer to Figure 3); forming a battery layer 3 on the side surface of the transparent conductive layer 2 away from the substrate layer 1; performing a second laser scribing on the battery layer 3; forming an electrode layer 6 on the side surface of the battery layer 3 away from the substrate layer 1; and performing a third laser scribing on the electrode layer 6. After the third laser scribing, a number of solar cells are formed. In Figure 2, P1 represents the position of the first laser scribing, P2 represents the position of the second laser scribing, and P3 represents the position of the third laser scribing.

[0062] In an optional embodiment, during the second laser scribing of the cell layer 3, at least the cell layers 3 in the first and last two solar cells are removed, that is, the cell layer 3 on the surface of the transparent conductive layer 2 located in the first area A and the second area B away from the substrate layer 1 is removed, and then the electrode layer 6 is deposited so that the subsequently formed conductive tape 4 is in contact with the electrode layer 6, so as to improve the reliability of the perovskite solar cell.

[0063] In another optional embodiment, after the electrode layer 6 is laser scribed for the third time, the battery layer 3 and the electrode layer 6 located on the side of the transparent conductive layer 2 in the first region A and the second region B away from the substrate layer 1 are removed. Then, the electrode layer 6 is redeposited on the side of the transparent conductive layer 2 in the first region A and the second region B away from the substrate layer 1.

[0064] The steps of forming the perovskite solar cell also include: performing edge cleaning on the perovskite solar cell (see FIG4 ). After edge cleaning, a gap is formed between the outer edge of the transparent conductive layer 2 and the edge of the substrate layer 1 , facilitating the application of the encapsulation adhesive 7 (see FIG5 ).

[0065] Continuing with reference to FIG1 , the perovskite solar cell further includes: a lead-out terminal 5; the lead-out terminal 5 is extended in a direction parallel to the series connection direction of the solar cell sheets in the battery layer 3; the conductive tape 4 includes a covering portion and an extension portion, the covering portion covers the transparent conductive layer 2; the extension portion extends from one end of the covering portion to the surface of a portion of the substrate layer 1 along the extension direction of the covering portion; the extension portion of the conductive tape 4 adheres and fixes the lead-out terminal 5 to the substrate layer 1.

[0066] It should be noted that the series connection direction of the solar cells in the cell layer 3 is perpendicular to the length direction of the solar cells. It should be understood that the multiple solar cells are separated by the grooves formed by the third laser scribing, and the solar cells can be regarded as sub-cells of the perovskite solar cell.

[0067] In one embodiment, the width of the conductive tape 4 is less than or equal to the width of the transparent conductive layer 2 in either the first or second region. That is, the width of both the covering portion and the extended portion of the conductive tape 4 are less than or equal to the width of the transparent conductive layer 2 in the first region, and less than or equal to the width of the transparent conductive layer 2 in the second region. In Figure 4 , W represents the width of the extended portion of the conductive tape 4; the width of the extended portion of the conductive tape 4 is perpendicular to the series connection direction of the solar cells; and the length of the extended portion extends parallel to the series connection direction of the solar cells.

[0068] It is understood that the conductive tape 4 of appropriate size is selected for application based on the width of the transparent conductive layer 2 in the first area A and the second area B carved out during actual production. In one embodiment, the width of the conductive tape 4 can be 3 mm to 18 mm, for example, 3 mm, 5 mm, 10 mm, 14 mm, 17 mm, or 18 mm.

[0069] FIG5 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of the encapsulant 7 in a perovskite solar cell in one embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG5 , optionally, the width of the conductive tape 4 is less than the width of the electrode layer 6 in any of the first region A and the second region B, the conductive tape 4 has an outer edge away from the battery layer 3 in its width direction, the electrode layer 6 in the first region A and the second region B has an outer edge away from the battery layer 3, and the outer edge of the conductive tape 4 and the outer edge of the electrode layer 6 are spaced apart in the width direction of the conductive tape 4. The perovskite solar cell also includes an encapsulant 7, which is applied to the sides of the transparent conductive layer 2 and the electrode layer 6, as well as the surface of the electrode layer 6 between the outer edge of the electrode layer 6 and the outer edge of the conductive tape 4. Since the outer edge of the transparent conductive layer 2 is spaced apart from the outer edge of the substrate layer 1, the encapsulant 7 also adheres to the surface of the substrate layer 1 between the outer edge of the transparent conductive layer 2 and the outer edge of the substrate layer 1.

[0070] It can be understood that because the outer edge of the conductive tape 4 is not flush with the outer edge of the electrode layer 6, a portion of the encapsulant 7 can extend from the outer edge of the electrode layer 6 toward the battery layer 3 and adhere to a portion of the electrode layer 6 surface away from the substrate layer 1. This increases the contact area between the encapsulant 7 and the encapsulated structure, increases the diffusion length of water and oxygen from the outside through the encapsulation interface to the battery layer 3, and improves encapsulation reliability. Furthermore, this encapsulation method can reduce the width of the clear edge (i.e., the distance between the edge of the substrate layer 1 and the outer edge of the transparent conductive layer 2 can be appropriately reduced), which helps reduce the overall size of the assembly without reducing the effective power generation area of ​​the battery. Optionally, the encapsulant 7 is butyl rubber. Optionally, the distance between the outer edge of the conductive tape 4 and the outer edge of the substrate layer 1 is 6 mm to 20 mm, for example, 6 mm, 8 mm, 10 mm, 15 mm, 18 mm, or 20 mm. Optionally, the distance between the outer edge of the conductive tape 4 and the outer edge of the electrode layer 6 is less than 10 mm, for example, 1 mm, 3 mm, 5 mm, 7 mm, or 10 mm. That is, in FIG5 , the width of the upper portion of the packaging glue 7 may be 6 mm to 20 mm, and the width of the edge of the packaging glue 7 covering the electrode layer 6 may be 0 mm to 10 mm.

[0071] It should be understood that Figure 5 is only used to illustrate the connection relationship between the conductive tape 4 and the encapsulation glue 7 and other structures in the figure, and does not constitute a limitation on their relative heights. Optionally, the total thickness of the transparent conductive layer 2, the battery layer 3, and the electrode layer 6 in the third region C is at the level of several microns, the thickness of the conductive tape 4 is at the level of tens of microns, and the thickness of the encapsulation glue 7 is at the level of hundreds of microns. The above-mentioned "thickness" refers to the dimensions of the transparent conductive layer 2, the battery layer 3, and the electrode layer 6 in the stacking direction, that is, the dimensions in the up and down directions in the figure. It should also be understood that the thickness of the encapsulation glue 7 needs to meet the insulation requirements of the component. For example, the encapsulation glue arranged between the outer edge of the electrode layer 6 and the outer edge of the substrate layer 1 needs to be able to insulate the electrode layer 6 from the outside of the encapsulation glue 7. These are common requirements for perovskite battery packaging and will not be elaborated.

[0072] Specifically, in one embodiment, the first region A and the second region B are both linear (not shown); the extension portion and the covering portion form a linear structure. The lead-out terminal 5 includes a positive lead-out terminal 51 and a negative lead-out terminal 52. The positive lead-out terminal 51 and the negative lead-out terminal 52 are arranged opposite each other and extend from the solar cells at the two ends of the series connection direction of the solar cells to the solar cell in the middle.

[0073] It should be noted that those skilled in the art will understand that the conductive tapes 4 in the first and second regions and between the positive lead-in terminal 51 and the negative lead-in terminal 52 must be in an open-circuit state, that is, the transparent conductive layer 2, the conductive tape 4, and the lead-in terminal 5 cannot cause a short circuit in the battery. For example, the area between the positive lead-in terminal 51 and the negative lead-in terminal 52 is not covered by the transparent conductive layer 2, and the transparent conductive layer 2 in the corresponding area is generally laser-etched to directly expose the non-conductive substrate layer 1. The extension portion and the positive lead-in terminal 51 and the negative lead-in terminal 52 can be located on one side surface of the substrate layer 1.

[0074] In another embodiment, referring to FIG2 , both the first region A and the second region B are L-shaped; the extension portion and the covering portion form a 90° angle, and the extension portion of the conductive tape 4 in the first region A and the extension portion of the conductive tape 4 in the second region B extend toward each other. An opening is defined between the extension portion of the conductive tape 4 in the first region A and the extension portion of the conductive tape 4 in the second region B. The lead terminals 5 include a positive lead terminal 51 and a negative lead terminal 52 , which are disposed opposite each other. The positive lead terminal 51 extends from the extension portion of the conductive tape 4 in the first region A toward one end of the second region B, and the negative lead terminal 52 extends from the extension portion of the conductive tape 4 in the second region B toward one end of the first region A. By adopting the above-mentioned setting method, the extended portion of the conductive tape 4 in the first area A and the extended portion of the conductive tape 4 in the second area B are extended toward each other, which can shorten the distance between the lead ends 5 formed subsequently, facilitate the connection of the conductive tape 4 and the lead ends 5 together to the external circuit after they are converged, and also facilitate packaging.

[0075] In one embodiment, the transparent conductive layer 2 extends to portions of the first region A and the second region B, and further extends along the first region A or the second region B to the side of the third region C, and is spaced between the portion located in the first region A and the portion located in the second region B, and is spaced from the portion located in the third region C. The extended portion of the conductive tape 4 also covers the portion of the transparent conductive layer 2 located in the first region A on the side of the third region C, and the portion of the transparent conductive layer 2 located in the second region B on the side of the third region C. The conductive tape 4 adheres and fixes the lead terminals 5 to the surface of the transparent conductive layer 2. Specifically, the extended portion of the conductive tape 4 in the first region A adheres and fixes the positive electrode lead terminal 51 to the substrate layer 1; the extended portion of the conductive tape 4 in the second region B adheres and fixes the negative electrode lead terminal 52 to the substrate layer 1.

[0076] It should be noted that the conductive tape 4 plays the same role as a general bus bar in the perovskite solar cell, and the conductive tape 4 of the present application also has an adhesive function, which can adhere and fix the lead-out terminal 5 to the substrate layer 1; in addition, the lead-out terminal 5 can be made of the same material as a general bus bar.

[0077] In one embodiment, the material of the substrate layer 1 includes glass, coated glass, polyethylene terephthalate or polyethylene naphthalate; the material of the transparent conductive layer 2 includes indium tin oxide, fluorine-doped tin oxide, aluminum-doped zinc oxide or boron-doped zinc oxide.

[0078] In one embodiment, the thickness of the transparent conductive layer 2 is 400 nm to 1000 nm, for example, 400 nm, 600 nm, 800 nm, or 1000 nm; the thickness of the electrode layer 6 is 30 nm to 200 nm, for example, 30 nm, 100 nm, 150 nm, or 200 nm. The thickness parameters of the transparent conductive layer 2 and the electrode layer 6 can be set according to the actual production process requirements and are not limited. Optionally, the electrode layer 6 is a metal electrode layer 6, for example, the material of the electrode layer 6 is at least one of silver, aluminum, copper, and titanium.

[0079] FIG6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a conductive tape 4 in an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG6 , the conductive tape 4 includes a substrate layer 41 and a grid conductive layer 42 and a conductive adhesive filling layer 43 located on one side surface of the substrate layer 41. The grid conductive layer 42 is arranged on the surface of the substrate layer 41 in a grid-like structure, and the conductive adhesive filling layer 43 fills the meshes of the grid-like structure. Specifically, the conductive adhesive filling layer 43 of the conductive tape 4 is arranged toward the transparent conductive layer 2, and the grid conductive layer 42 and the conductive adhesive filling layer 43 in the conductive tape 4 are attached to the surface of the electrode layer 6. Compared to the conductive tape using tinned copper tape in the related art, the conductive tape 4 provided in the present application has a more stable structure. Since the grid conductive layer 42 is filled with conductive adhesive, the adhesion between the grid conductive layer 42 and the substrate layer 41 is better and stronger than the adhesion between the tinned copper tape and the substrate layer 41. At the same time, the structure of the conductive tape 4 of this embodiment is also conducive to enhancing the adhesion between the grid conductive layer 42 and the photovoltaic module.

[0080] By setting a micron-scale grid conductive layer 42 on one side surface of the substrate layer 41, the existence of the grid lines cannot be identified by the naked eye; secondly, a conductive adhesive filling layer 43 is set in the mesh of the grid structure. The conductive adhesive filling layer 43 is made of transparent material. Due to the characteristics of the conductive adhesive filling layer 43 itself, the conductive adhesive filling layer 43 is transparent. Therefore, the conductive tape 4 as a whole adopts a transparent polymer film (substrate layer 41) + micron-scale grid lines (grid conductive layer 42) + transparent conductive adhesive (conductive adhesive filling layer 43), which solves the appearance problem of conventional conductive tapes caused by opacity, thereby facilitating the application of perovskite solar cells in the field of photovoltaic building integration.

[0081] It should be noted that the steps of forming the conductive tape 4 in this application include: forming a mesh conductive layer 42 on one side of the substrate layer 41 by printing, wherein the mesh conductive layer 42 has a plurality of mesh holes; and filling the mesh holes by printing to form a conductive adhesive filling layer 43. The mesh conductive layer 42 includes a plurality of mesh holes, and the cross-sectional size of a single mesh hole is 0.0004 mm. 2 -1mm 2 , for example 0.0004mm 2 , 0.001mm 2 , 0.02mm 2 , 0.078mm 2 μm, 0.9mm 2 or 1mm 2 It is understood that a single mesh is equivalent to a conductive adhesive filling layer 43 after being filled, and the cross-sectional size of the conductive adhesive filling layer 43 is 0.0004mm. 2 -1mm 2 The cross-sectional size of the mesh wire used to form a single mesh in the mesh conductive layer 42 is 0.0004 mm. 2 -0.04mm 2 , for example 0.0004mm 2 , 0.005mm 2 , 0.008mm 2 , 0.01mm 2 , 0.035mm 2 or 0.04mm 2 The mesh lines used to form a single mesh in the mesh conductive layer 42 are only micron-sized metal mesh wires. The mesh lines cannot be identified by the naked eye, and the mesh conductive layer 42 has a transparent appearance.

[0082] In one embodiment, the thickness of the conductive adhesive filling layer 43 is 50 μm-200 μm, for example, 50 μm, 100 μm, 150 μm or 200 μm.

[0083] In one embodiment, the thickness of the substrate layer 41 is 10 μm-100 μm, for example, 10 μm, 20 μm, 50 μm, 80 μm, or 100 μm. If the thickness of the substrate layer 41 is too great, material waste may occur; if the thickness of the substrate layer 41 is too small, the mesh conductive layer 42 and the conductive adhesive filling layer 43 may not be supported.

[0084] In one embodiment, the substrate layer 41 includes a polyethylene terephthalate layer or a polyethylene naphthalate layer; the grid conductive layer 42 includes a silver conductive layer; the material of the conductive adhesive filling layer 43 includes a blend of acrylate and silver, a blend of transparent silicone and silver, or a blend of transparent epoxy glue and silver. Metal powder (such as silver powder) with good conductivity and chemical inactivity is added to the conductive adhesive filling layer 43 to exhibit conductive properties. Due to the characteristics of the material of the conductive adhesive filling layer 43 itself, the conductive adhesive filling layer 43 is transparent. The material selected for the substrate layer 41 is also a transparent material, so the conductive tape 4 has a transparent appearance as a whole. The use of the above-mentioned conductive tape 4 solves the appearance problem caused by the opacity of conventional conductive tapes, which is conducive to the application of perovskite solar cells in the field of photovoltaic building integration.

[0085] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the first structure of the perovskite solar cell provided by the present application; Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the second structure of the perovskite solar cell provided by the present application; and Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the third structure of the perovskite solar cell provided by the present application. As shown in Figures 7 to 9, the perovskite solar cell provided by the embodiment of the present application includes an intermediate sub-cell 8 and an end sub-cell connected in series; the intermediate sub-cell 8 includes a substrate layer 1 and a transparent conductive layer 2 stacked on the substrate layer 1, a cell layer 3, and an electrode layer 6; the end sub-cell includes a substrate layer 1 and a transparent conductive layer 2 stacked on the substrate layer 1, and an electrode layer 6.

[0086] It should be understood that a perovskite solar cell includes multiple subcells (i.e., solar cells) arranged along a predetermined direction, which is parallel to the substrate layer 1 and perpendicular to the thickness of the cell. In the embodiment of the present application, the intermediate subcell 8 and the end subcells are arranged in a direction parallel to the substrate layer 1. The perovskite solar cell may include multiple intermediate subcells 8, that is, multiple solar cells not located at the end. Multiple intermediate subcells 8 can be connected in series; the end subcells include solar cells located at the end. The substrate layer 1 serves as the base, and the substrate layer 1 of the intermediate subcell 8 and the substrate layer 1 of the end subcell are integrally connected. The transparent conductive layer 2 serves as the front electrode, the electrode layer 6 serves as the back electrode, and the cell layer 3 serves as the photoelectric conversion layer. A portion of the substrate layer 1 of the perovskite solar cell belongs to the end subcell, and a portion of the substrate layer 1 belongs to the intermediate subcell 8; a portion of the transparent conductive layer 2 of the perovskite solar cell belongs to the end subcell, and a portion of the transparent conductive layer 2 belongs to the intermediate subcell 8; a portion of the electrode layer 6 of the perovskite solar cell belongs to the end subcell, and a portion of the electrode layer 6 belongs to the intermediate subcell 8. Optionally, the middle sub-cell 8 is located in the third region C, and at least a portion of the end sub-cells is located in the first region A or the second region B.

[0087] Optionally, before preparing the electrode layer 6, a stacked transparent conductive layer 2 and a battery layer 3 have been prepared on the substrate layer 1. In this case, the end sub-batteries located at both ends of the intermediate sub-battery 8 are provided with electrode lead-out regions, and the battery layer 3 at this location can be removed to form a defective portion at this location, as shown in Figures 7 to 9. The extension range of the defective portion in the figures is different and can be set according to actual conditions. After removing the film layer of the battery layer 3, the film layer of the electrode layer 6 can be prepared. The electrode layer 6 is not limited to one or more metal film layers, one or more conductive metal oxide film layers, or one or more carbon-based conductive film layers. The preparation method of the electrode layer 6 is not limited to processes such as magnetron sputtering, thermal evaporation, electron beam evaporation, and coating.

[0088] Except for the notch, the electrode layer 6 is superimposed on the battery layer 3; at the notch, the transparent conductive layer 2 and electrode layer 6 are bonded and connected. Conductive tape 4 is then applied to the side of the electrode layer 6 facing away from the transparent conductive layer 2, and the busbars are bonded to the conductive tape 4 to connect the positive and negative electrodes. The improved adhesion of the electrode layer 6 to the transparent conductive layer 2 prevents delamination of the electrode layer 6 during component aging. Furthermore, the low sheet resistance of the electrode layer 6 makes it less susceptible to localized overheating during use.

[0089] Optionally, the electrode lead-out area is one of an adhesive area, a heat welding area, an ultrasonic welding area, and a screen printing area. In other words, the electrode lead-out method is not limited to the conductive adhesive electrode layer 6 film layer, the conductive tape heat welding electrode layer 6 film layer, the conductive tape ultrasonic welding electrode layer 6, the conductive wire screen printing electrode layer 6 film layer, and the like.

[0090] Optionally, the battery layer 3 includes a first carrier transport layer 31, a perovskite absorption layer 32, and a second carrier transport layer 33. Optionally, the first carrier transport layer 31 is a hole transport layer, and the second carrier transport layer 33 is an electron transport layer.

[0091] Optionally, the preparation process flow of the perovskite solar cell of the present application is as follows: preparation of the transparent conductive layer 2, P1 etching process, preparation of the first carrier transport layer 31, preparation of the perovskite absorption layer 32, preparation of the second carrier transport layer 33, P2 etching process, P2 edge cleaning process (electrode lead-out area edge cleaning process to form a defective portion), preparation of the electrode layer 6, P3 etching process, and P4 etching process.

[0092] Optionally, as shown in Figures 7 to 9, the end sub-cell includes a first end sub-cell 91 on the left; the first end sub-cell 91 includes a first portion 911 and a second portion 912 connected to each other; the first portion 911 includes a substrate layer 1, a transparent conductive layer 2, and an electrode layer 6 stacked on the substrate layer 1; the second portion 912 includes the substrate layer 1, a transparent conductive layer 2, a battery layer 3, and an electrode layer 6 stacked on the substrate layer 1; the second portion 912 is adjacent to the middle sub-cell 8, and a first P3 scribed groove is defined between the second portion 912 and the middle sub-cell 8, the first P3 scribed groove extending through the electrode layer 6 and the battery layer 3. Optionally, the middle sub-cell 8 is located in the third region C, the first portion 911 of the first end sub-cell 91 is located in the first region A or the second region B, and the second portion 912 of the first end sub-cell 91 is located in the third region C.

[0093] Optionally, as shown in Figures 7 to 9, the end sub-battery includes a second end sub-battery 92 on the right side, and the second end sub-battery 92 and the middle sub-battery 8 are connected by a first P2 scribed groove, the first P2 scribed groove passes through the battery layer 3, and the first P2 scribed groove is filled with conductive material (for example, it can be the material of the electrode layer 6).

[0094] Optionally, as shown in Figure 8, the second part 912 in the first end sub-battery 91 on the left and the middle sub-battery 8 are connected by at least a second P2 scribed groove, the second P2 scribed groove passes through the battery layer 3, and the second P2 scribed groove is filled with conductive material (for example, it can be the material of the electrode layer 6); the electrode layer 6 of the first part 911 and the electrode layer 6 of the second part 912 are connected through the side conductive layer 93.

[0095] In other optional embodiments, as shown in FIG9 , first end sub-cell 91 may not include second portion 912, that is, may not include battery layer 3, and electrode layer 6 of first end sub-cell 91 may be connected to electrode layer 6 of adjacent middle sub-cell 8. This type of first end sub-cell 91 has a simpler structure and a simpler connection with middle sub-cell 8, thus facilitating fabrication.

[0096] Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the photovoltaic cell processing equipment provided by the present application; Figure 11 is a first schematic diagram of the structure of the positioning mechanism provided by the present application; Figure 12 is a second schematic diagram of the structure of the positioning mechanism provided by the present application; Figure 13 is a first schematic diagram of the structure of the negative pressure dust removal member 116 provided by the present application; Figure 14 is a second schematic diagram of the structure of the negative pressure dust removal member 116 provided by the present application. Referring to Figures 10 to 14, the embodiment of the present application also provides a photovoltaic cell processing device for preparing the perovskite solar cell of any of the above embodiments, and the photovoltaic cell processing device includes a processing mechanism and a positioning mechanism. The processing mechanism is used to etch and remove the area to be processed of the cell layer 3 of the photovoltaic cell assembly (the area directly connected to the transparent conductive layer 2 and the electrode layer 6 of the corresponding end sub-cell), and the area to be processed corresponds to the position of the electrode lead-out area. The positioning mechanism is used to fix the photovoltaic cell assembly to prevent the photovoltaic cell assembly from moving during the etching process and causing etching deviation.

[0097] Specifically, the processing mechanism includes a drive assembly, a surface treatment assembly 108, and a dust removal mechanism. When the photovoltaic cell processing equipment is in operation, the drive assembly first drives the surface treatment assembly 108 to the processing area of ​​the photovoltaic cell module. The surface treatment assembly 108 then etches and removes the cell layer 3 in the processing area. The dust removal mechanism removes etching dust generated during the processing of photovoltaic cell modules, preventing it from contaminating the production environment.

[0098] Optionally, the driving assembly includes a first guide rail 109, a second guide rail 110 and a third guide rail 111; the track of the second guide rail 110 is connected to the slider of the first guide rail 109, the track of the third guide rail 111 is connected to the slider of the second guide rail 110, and the slider of the third guide rail 111 is connected to the surface treatment assembly 108 to drive the surface treatment assembly 108 to move in the first direction, the second direction and the third direction; any two of the first direction, the second direction and the third direction are perpendicular to each other.

[0099] In this embodiment, as specifically shown in FIG10 , the guiding direction of the first guide rail 109 and the guiding direction of the second guide rail 110 are located on a horizontal plane, and the guiding direction of the first guide rail 109 and the guiding direction of the second guide rail 110 are mutually perpendicular; the guiding direction of the third guide rail 111 is located in a vertical direction, that is, the guiding direction of the third guide rail 111 is perpendicular to the horizontal plane. Driven by the drive assembly, the surface treatment assembly 108 can move in a coordinate system formed by a first direction (X-axis), a second direction (Y-axis), and a third direction (Z-axis), thereby increasing the range of motion of the surface treatment assembly 108. During operation, the surface treatment assembly 108 is first driven by the X-axis and Y-axis guide rails to move from an initial position to a processing station, and then driven downward by the Z-axis guide rail so that it contacts the product surface, that is, the working surface of the surface treatment assembly 108 reaches the product surface.

[0100] In FIG10 , two first guide rails 109 are arranged at intervals, and the second guide rail 110 spans the two first guide rails 109 to make the overall structure of the driving assembly more stable, thereby improving the stability of the movement of the surface treatment assembly 108 .

[0101] Optionally, the positioning mechanism includes a conveyor line 112 and a positioning assembly. The conveyor line 112 is used to convey the photovoltaic cell assembly, and the conveyor line 112 is provided with a limiter to position the photovoltaic cell assembly to the processing station.

[0102] The positioning assembly includes a lifting device 113, an angle control device 114, a shooting device and a fixing part; the fixing part is used to fix the photovoltaic cell assembly; the lifting device 113 drives the fixing part to rise and fall so that the photovoltaic cell assembly is close to or away from the conveyor line 112; the shooting device is used to capture image information of the photovoltaic cell assembly; the angle control device 114 is used to drive the fixing part to swing according to the image information.

[0103] In this embodiment, specifically, the limiting member includes two rows of positioning wheels 115 (respectively located in the left and right directions of the conveyor line 112), a front baffle and a rear baffle. When the conveyor line 112 conveys the photovoltaic cell assembly to the specified position, the front baffle rises, the two rows of positioning wheels 115 extend, and the rear baffle pushes the product forward to complete the initial positioning of the photovoltaic cell assembly. Then, the suction cup (fixing member) adsorbs the back of the photovoltaic cell assembly, the front baffle falls, the two rows of positioning wheels 115 are withdrawn, the rear baffle falls, and the suction cup is driven by the lifting device 113 to rise to a specified height. The bottom of the suction cup is controlled by the motor of the lifting device 113 to drive the suction cup to rise and fall. One or more CCD (Charge-Coupled Device) cameras can be set to identify the P1 mark on the fixed area of ​​the product, and the angle and position of the suction cup are adjusted by the motor of the angle control device 114 based on the recognition result to correct the deviation of the photovoltaic cell assembly.

[0104] Optionally, the structure of the surface treatment component 108 includes the following two solutions:

[0105] Solution 1: Mechanical friction is used to grind and remove the first carrier transport layer 31, perovskite absorption layer 32, and second carrier transport layer 33. The surface treatment assembly 108 includes a rotating grinding head and a pressure control module. The rotating grinding head is connected to a drive assembly. The pressure control module includes a pressure sensor and a controller in communication with each other. The pressure sensor is mounted on the rotating grinding head to detect the pressure applied by the rotating grinding head to the photovoltaic cell assembly. The controller is used to control the speed of the rotating grinding head driven by the drive assembly based on the detected pressure.

[0106] In this embodiment, after the product has been corrected, the drive assembly drives the rotary grinding head until it contacts the product surface. After the rotary grinding head rotates, the X-axis guide motor simultaneously controls the rotation of the rotary grinding head along the X-axis until it reaches the other edge of the product. The Z-axis guide motor then controls the rotary grinding head to move upward and stop rotating, completing the product processing.

[0107] Furthermore, the rotary grinding head is provided with a pressure sensor to detect pressure data. The downward force of the rotary grinding head can be adjusted in real time according to the real-time feedback data, and the X-axis lateral movement speed is controlled to match the rotation speed of the rotary grinding head, so as to cleanly etch the first carrier transport layer 31, the second carrier transport layer 33 and the perovskite absorption layer 32 without damaging the transparent conductive layer 2. At the same time, the rotary grinding head can be damaged as little as possible, thereby extending the service life of the rotary grinding head.

[0108] Specifically, the downward pressure of the rotating grinding head is between 0.1-25N, and the rotation speed is between 10-1000 rad / min. The Y-axis guide direction transmission speed is between 10-400mm / s. The motor control accuracy of the X-axis and Y-axis guides is ≥0.1mm, and the motor control accuracy of the Z-axis guide is ≥0.01mm. The angular accuracy of the motor driving the suction cup rotation is ≥0.01°, and the accuracy of the motor driving the suction cup lifting is ≥0.01mm.

[0109] Option 2: Use laser cleaning to take advantage of the high laser energy to quickly vaporize the first carrier transport layer 31, the perovskite absorption layer 32, and the second carrier transport layer 33, thereby achieving the purpose of clearing the film layer. Optionally, the surface treatment component 108 includes a laser cutter. The laser cutter specifically includes a laser, an optical path, and a laser cutting head, and the laser cutting head can move along the X-axis guide, the Y-axis guide, and the Z-axis guide. The optical path includes a galvanometer (X-axis, Y-axis), a field lens, a focusing lens (optional), and a beam expander (optional). When the photovoltaic cell processing equipment is running, after the product is corrected, the X-axis guide and the Y-axis guide control motor move the laser cutting head from the initial position to the specified position, and the Z-axis guide motor controls its movement to the specified focal length. At the same time, the X-axis guide rail drives it to move laterally to a designated position. Then, along the Y-axis guide rail, the product film surface is processed at the process speed, completely etching the first carrier transport layer 31, the second carrier transport layer 33, and the perovskite absorption layer 32 without damaging the transparent conductive layer 2. After processing is completed at a designated position, it moves to another designated position for subsequent processing until the entire process is complete.

[0110] Specifically, the laser power is selected to be between 100W and 2000W. The light source can be infrared, visible, or ultraviolet. The laser pulse width can be in the nanosecond, picosecond, or femtosecond range. The edge cleaning speed (Y-axis) is between 10-400mm / s, and the laser frequency is between 1-200kHz.

[0111] Referring to Figures 13 and 14, in an optional solution of this embodiment, the dust removal mechanism includes a negative pressure dust removal member 116 and a first dust removal fan. The negative pressure dust removal member 116 is provided with a negative pressure dust removal port 117. The negative pressure dust removal port 117 is located in the circumference of the rotating grinding head or the laser cutting head, and can wrap the processing head 360 degrees, which has a better suction effect. The negative pressure dust removal member 116 is connected to the first dust removal fan, and a filter element is provided in the first dust removal fan, and the filter element is specifically a filter cartridge. The etching powder generated during the processing can be sucked away by the first dust removal fan, and the etching powder can be adsorbed on the filter cartridge for easy cleaning.

[0112] Optionally, the dust removal mechanism also includes a dust removal air knife and a second dust removal fan. A dust removal station is provided along the conveying path of conveyor line 112; the dust removal air knife is located at the dust removal station to blow etching dust away from the photovoltaic cell modules. The dust removal station is a sealed negative pressure area, and the second dust removal fan is used to remove etching dust from the dust removal station.

[0113] In this embodiment, after the product is processed, the suction cup stops adsorbing the product, and the product is transported by the transmission line to the next station - the dust removal station. This dust removal station is equipped with an air knife to blow particles that have not been completely sucked away from the surface of the product. The station is sealed with negative pressure, and the blown dust is handled by an external dust removal fan.

[0114] The above is only a specific implementation method of the present application, but the scope of protection of the present application is not limited thereto. Any changes or replacements that can be easily thought of by any technician familiar with this technical field within the technical scope disclosed in this application should be covered by the scope of protection of the present application. Industrial Applicability

[0115] The electrode layer of the high perovskite solar cell provided in the above embodiments of the present application is not prone to delamination problems, and the conductive tape is not likely to have a negative impact on the battery layer, and has better reliability; moreover, the area covered by the conductive tape is not prone to overheating during use.

Claims

1. A perovskite solar cell, characterized in that, Comprising: A substrate layer, one side surface of the substrate layer having a first region, a second region, and a third region, the third region being located between the first region and the second region; A transparent conductive layer, at least located in the third region and extending to the first region and the second region; A battery layer, located on the side surface of the transparent conductive layer in the third region away from the substrate layer; An electrode layer, arranged on the side surface of the transparent conductive layer away from the substrate layer; A conductive tape, arranged on the side surface of the electrode layer in the first region and the second region away from the substrate layer, and the conductive tape is arranged at an interval from the battery layer.

2. The perovskite solar cell according to claim 1, wherein The perovskite solar cell includes a middle sub-cell and an end sub-cell connected in series. The middle sub-cell includes a substrate layer and a transparent conductive layer, a battery layer, and an electrode layer stacked on the substrate layer; the end sub-cell includes a substrate layer and a transparent conductive layer and an electrode layer stacked on the substrate layer.

3. The perovskite solar cell according to claim 2, wherein, The end sub-cell includes a first end sub-cell, and the first end sub-cell includes a connected first part and a second part; the first part includes a substrate layer and a transparent conductive layer and an electrode layer stacked on the substrate layer; the second part includes a substrate layer and a transparent conductive layer, a battery layer, and an electrode layer stacked on the substrate layer; the second part is adjacent to the middle sub-cell, and there is a first P3 scribing groove between the second part and the middle sub-cell, and the first P3 scribing groove penetrates through the electrode layer and the battery layer.

4. The perovskite solar cell according to claim 3, characterized in that, The second part and the middle sub-cell are at least connected through a second P2 scribing groove, the second P2 scribing groove penetrates through the photoelectric conversion layer, and the second P2 scribing groove is filled with a conductive material; the electrode layer of the first part and the electrode layer of the second part are connected through a side conductive layer.

5. The perovskite solar cell according to claim 3, wherein The transparent conductive layer, the battery layer, and the electrode layer in the second part of the middle sub-cell and the first end sub-cell are located in the third region of the substrate layer; the transparent conductive layer and the electrode layer in the first part of the first end sub-cell are located in the first region or the second region of the substrate layer.

6. The perovskite solar cell according to claim 2, wherein The end sub-cell includes a second end sub-cell, and the second end sub-cell and the middle sub-cell are connected through a first P2 scribing groove, the first P2 scribing groove penetrates through the battery layer, and the first P2 scribing groove is filled with a conductive material.

7. The perovskite solar cell according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The width of the conductive tape is less than or equal to the width of the transparent conductive layer in any one of the first region and the second region.

8. The perovskite solar cell according to claim 7, wherein The width of the conductive tape is 3 mm - 18 mm.

9. The perovskite solar cell according to claim 7, characterized in that, The width of the conductive tape is less than the width of the electrode layer in any one of the first region and the second region. The conductive tape has an outer edge away from the battery layer in its width direction. The electrode layers in the first region and the second region have outer edges away from the battery layer. The outer edge of the conductive tape is spaced from the outer edge of the electrode layer in the width direction of the conductive tape. The perovskite solar cell further includes an encapsulant, which is coated on the side surfaces of the transparent conductive layer and the electrode layer, and on the surface of the electrode layer between the outer edge of the electrode layer and the outer edge of the conductive tape. The distance between the outer edge of the conductive tape and the outer edge of the substrate layer is 6 mm - 20 mm. The distance between the outer edge of the conductive tape and the outer edge of the electrode layer is less than 10 mm.

10. The perovskite solar cell according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The lead-out terminal includes a positive lead-out terminal and a negative lead-out terminal, and the positive lead-out terminal and the negative lead-out terminal are oppositely arranged. The positive lead-out terminal extends from the extension portion of the conductive tape in the first region towards one end of the second region, and the negative lead-out terminal extends from the extension portion of the conductive tape in the second region towards one end of the first region. The extension portion of the conductive tape in the first region is used to bond and fix the positive lead-out terminal to the substrate layer. The extension portion of the conductive tape in the second region is used to bond and fix the negative lead-out terminal to the substrate layer.

11. The perovskite solar cell according to claim 10, wherein Both the first region and the second region are in an "L" shape. There is a 90° angle between the extension portion and the covering portion. The extension portion of the conductive tape in the first region and the extension portion of the conductive tape in the second region extend towards each other. There is an opening between the extension portion of the conductive tape in the first region and the extension portion of the conductive tape in the second region.

12. The perovskite solar cell according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The conductive tape includes a substrate layer, a grid conductive layer and a conductive adhesive filling layer located on one side surface of the substrate layer. The grid conductive layer is arranged in a grid-like structure on the surface of the substrate layer, and the conductive adhesive filling layer fills the mesh holes of the grid-like structure. The grid conductive layer and the conductive adhesive filling layer in the conductive tape are attached to the surface of the electrode layer.

13. The perovskite solar cell according to claim 12, wherein, The grid conductive layer includes a plurality of mesh holes, and the cross-sectional size of a single mesh hole is 0.0004 mm 2 -1 mm 2 ; the cross-sectional size of the mesh wire used to form a single mesh hole in the grid conductive layer is 0.0004 mm 2 -0.04 mm 2 ; the thickness of the substrate layer is 10 μm - 100 μm; the thickness of the conductive adhesive filling layer is 50 μm - 200 μm.

14. The perovskite solar cell according to claim 12, characterized in that, The substrate layer includes a polyethylene terephthalate layer or a polyethylene naphthalate layer. The grid conductive layer includes a silver conductive layer. The conductive adhesive filling layer includes a blend layer of acrylate and silver, a blend layer of transparent silicone and silver, or a blend layer of transparent epoxy glue and silver.

15. The perovskite solar cell according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The electrode layer is a metal electrode layer.

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