Thermal management device for batteries for an electric or hybrid vehicle

Abstract

The invention relates to a thermal management device comprising a heat transfer fluid circuit and a cooling circuit (X) configured to be able to operate in a hot gas mode, the cooling circuit (X) comprising a heating condenser (4) and a first two-fluid heat exchanger (8), the heat transfer fluid circuit comprising: - a first loop (A) comprising a first pump (3), the high-pressure heat exchanger (4), and a first air heat exchanger (5) for heating; - a second loop (B) comprising a second pump (6), a heat exchanger for exchanging heat with the batteries (7), and the first two-fluid heat exchanger (8); - a first bypass line (21) connecting the first air heat exchanger (5) to the heat exchanger for exchanging heat with the batteries (7); - a second bypass line (22) connecting the first two-fluid heat exchanger (8) to the inlet of the high-pressure heat exchanger (4).

Description

Description Title of the invention: Thermal management device for batteries for electric or hybrid vehicles

[0001] The invention relates to the field of electric and hybrid motor vehicles and more particularly to a thermal management device for the passenger compartment and the batteries of such a motor vehicle.

[0002] Current electric or hybrid motor vehicles increasingly include thermal management systems for the batteries and the passenger compartment. Indeed, for the batteries to be as efficient as possible, they must remain at or near an optimal operating temperature. It is therefore necessary to cool them during use so that they do not exceed this optimal operating temperature excessively. Similarly, it may also be necessary to heat them, for example in cold weather, so that the batteries reach this optimal operating temperature as quickly as possible. It is also important to be able to heat or cool the passenger compartment to ensure good comfort for its occupants.

[0003] It is thus known for efficient thermal management of batteries and the passenger compartment to use dedicated thermal management circuits with links between them in order to transfer heat or cold. In these thermal management circuits is intended to circulate a heat transfer fluid, for example water or glycol water. These thermal management circuits are generally associated with a cooling circuit comprising a first cooler dedicated to the batteries and a second cooler dedicated to the passenger compartment.

[0004] Typically, to heat the passenger compartment or batteries, thermal management circuits may include electrical resistors, often high voltage, to heat the heat transfer fluid. However, such electrical resistors involve high power consumption, which is detrimental to battery life.

[0005] One of the aims of the present invention is therefore to remedy at least partially the drawbacks of the prior art and to propose an improved management device which consumes less electricity, in particular for heating.

[0006] The present invention relates to a thermal management device for an electric or hybrid motor vehicle comprising a heat transfer fluid circuit and a cooling circuit in which a refrigerant fluid is intended to circulate and configured to be able to operate in a hot gas mode, said cooling circuit comprising, in the direction of circulation of the refrigerant fluid, a compressor, a high-pressure heat exchanger (or heating condenser) arranged jointly on the heat transfer fluid circuit, a first bi-fluid heat exchanger arranged jointly on the heat transfer fluid circuit,

[0007] the cooling circuit comprising a first expansion device arranged upstream of the first two-fluid heat exchanger,

[0008] the heat transfer fluid circuit comprising:

[0009] - a first loop comprising a first pump and, in the direction of circulation of the heat transfer fluid, the high pressure heat exchanger and a first heating air heat exchanger,

[0010] - a second loop comprising a second pump and, in the direction of circulation of the heat transfer fluid, a heat exchanger with the batteries and the first dual-fluid heat exchanger,

[0011] - a first bypass line connecting the heat transfer fluid outlet of the first air heat exchanger to the heat transfer fluid inlet of the heat exchanger with the batteries,

[0012] - a first heat transfer fluid redirection device configured to redirect the heat transfer fluid at the outlet of the first air heat exchanger to the first bypass pipe or to the inlet of the high-pressure heat exchanger, directly or via the first pump,

[0013] - a second bypass line connecting the heat transfer fluid outlet of the first two-fluid heat exchanger to the inlet of the high-pressure heat exchanger, directly or via the first pump.

[0014] According to one aspect of the invention, the thermal management device is configured to operate in a first operating mode in which the cooling circuit is configured in a hot gas mode in which the refrigerant fluid is compressed by the compressor and passes through the high pressure exchanger,

[0015] and in which, within the heat transfer fluid circuit, the heat transfer fluid is driven by the first pump and circulates only in the first loop.

[0016] Note that a heating condenser is also a high pressure refrigerant cooler, or otherwise called a high pressure heat exchanger, the refrigerant being at high pressure, for example greater than 30 bars, for example even greater than 100 bars.

[0017] The first two-fluid heat exchanger 8 is arranged downstream of an expansion member and configured to operate in a relatively low pressure range for the refrigerant, for example less than 10 bars.

[0018] In the heat transfer fluid circuit, it should be noted that the position of the pumps in a loop is not of great importance because, being a liquid, the pump can operate both in "propulsion" and "suction" mode and a pump can therefore be arranged upstream or downstream of another element of the circuit such as a heat exchanger. According to another aspect of the invention, the thermal management device is configured to operate in a second operating mode in which the cooling circuit is configured in a hot gas mode in which the refrigerant is compressed by the compressor and passes through the high pressure heat exchanger, the first expansion device with minimal pressure loss and the first dual-fluid heat exchanger,

[0019] and in which, within the heat transfer fluid circuit, the heat transfer fluid is driven by the first pump and circulates successively in the high pressure heat exchanger, the first air heat exchanger not crossed by an air flow, the first bypass pipe, the heat exchanger with the batteries, the first two-fluid heat exchanger and the second bypass line before joining the high pressure heat exchanger.

[0020] Note that this "hot gas" mode means that part of the refrigerant is kept at high pressure and reinjected at high pressure into the compressor. This type of mode allows the compressor itself to be used as a heat source.

[0021] According to another aspect of the invention, the thermal management device is configured to operate in a third operating mode in which the cooling circuit is configured in a hot gas mode in which the refrigerant fluid compressed by the compressor and passes through the high pressure heat exchanger, the first expansion device where the refrigerant fluid undergoes minimal pressure loss and the first bi-fluid heat exchanger,

[0022] and in which, within the heat transfer fluid circuit, the heat transfer fluid is driven by the first pump and circulates successively in the high pressure heat exchanger, the first air heat exchanger crossed by an air flow, the first bypass pipe, the heat exchanger with the batteries, the first two-fluid heat exchanger and the second bypass pipe before joining the high pressure heat exchanger.

[0023] According to another aspect of the invention, the thermal management device is configured to operate in a fourth operating mode in which the cooling circuit is configured in an operating mode in which the refrigerant is compressed by the compressor and passes through the high-pressure heat exchanger, the first expansion device where the refrigerant undergoes a pressure loss and the first bi-fluid heat exchanger,

[0024] and in which, within the heat transfer fluid circuit, the heat transfer fluid circulates independently and simultaneously in the first loop and in the second loop.

[0025] According to another aspect of the invention, the heat transfer fluid circuit comprises:

[0026] - a third bypass line for bypassing the heat exchanger with the batteries, connecting the heat transfer fluid inlet of said heat exchanger with the batteries to its heat transfer fluid outlet on the second loop,

[0027] - a second redirection device configured to redirect the heat transfer fluid arriving at the heat exchanger with the batteries to the third bypass line or to the heat exchanger with the batteries.

[0028] According to another aspect of the invention, the thermal management device is configured to operate in a fifth operating mode in which the cooling circuit is configured in a hot gas mode in which the refrigerant fluid compressed by the compressor and passes through the high pressure heat exchanger, the first expansion device where the refrigerant fluid undergoes minimal pressure loss and the first bifluid heat exchanger,

[0029] and in which, within the heat transfer fluid circuit, the heat transfer fluid is driven by the first pump and circulates successively in the high pressure heat exchanger, the first air heat exchanger crossed by an air flow, the first bypass pipe, the third bypass pipe, the first two-fluid heat exchanger and the second bypass pipe before joining the high pressure heat exchanger.

[0030] According to another aspect of the invention, the heat transfer fluid circuit comprises:

[0031] - a fourth bypass line connecting the heat transfer fluid outlet of the heating condenser to the heat transfer fluid inlet of the first pump, said fourth bypass line comprising a radiator,

[0032] - a third redirection device configured to redirect the heat transfer fluid leaving the heating condenser to the first air heat exchanger or to the fourth bypass pipe.

[0033] According to another aspect of the invention, the thermal management device is configured to operate in a sixth operating mode in which the cooling circuit is configured in a hot gas mode in which the refrigerant fluid is compressed by the compressor and passes through the high pressure heat exchanger,

[0034] and in which, within the heat transfer fluid circuit, the heat transfer fluid is driven by the first pump and circulates successively in the high pressure heat exchanger and the fourth bypass pipe, in which the heat transfer fluid passes through the radiator before reaching the high pressure heat exchanger (directly or via the first pump).

[0035] According to another aspect of the invention, the thermal management device is configured to operate in a seventh operating mode in which the cooling circuit is configured in an operating mode in which the refrigerant is compressed by the compressor and passes through the high-pressure heat exchanger, the first expansion device where the refrigerant undergoes a pressure loss and the first bi-fluid heat exchanger,

[0036] and in which, within the heat transfer fluid circuit, the heat transfer fluid is driven by the first pump and circulates successively in the high pressure heat exchanger and the fourth bypass pipe, in which the heat transfer fluid passes through the radiator before reaching the high pressure heat exchanger directly or via the first pump,

[0037] and in which, independently and simultaneously, the heat transfer fluid circulates in the second loop.

[0038] According to another aspect of the invention, the cooling circuit further comprises, connected in parallel to the first dual-fluid heat exchanger, a second dual-fluid heat exchanger arranged jointly on the heat transfer fluid circuit,

[0039] the cooling circuit comprising a second expansion device arranged upstream of the second two-fluid heat exchanger,

[0040] the heat transfer fluid circuit includes:

[0041] - a third loop comprising a third pump and, in the direction of circulation of the heat transfer fluid, the second two-fluid heat exchanger and a second air heat exchanger,

[0042] - a fifth bypass line connecting the heat transfer fluid outlet of the radiator to the inlet of the second dual-fluid heat exchanger directly or via the third pump,

[0043] - a sixth bypass line connecting the heat transfer fluid outlet of the second dual-fluid heat exchanger to the heat transfer fluid inlet of the radiator,

[0044] - a fourth redirection device configured to redirect the heat transfer fluid leaving the second two-fluid heat exchanger (12) to the second air heat exchanger or to the sixth bypass pipe.

[0045] According to another aspect of the invention, the thermal management device is configured to operate in an eighth operating mode in which the cooling circuit is configured in an operating mode in which the refrigerant is compressed by the compressor and passes through the high-pressure heat exchanger, the second expansion device where the refrigerant undergoes a pressure loss and the second dual-fluid heat exchanger,

[0046] and in which, within the heat transfer fluid circuit, the heat transfer fluid is driven by the first pump and circulates successively in the high pressure heat exchanger the fourth bypass pipe in which the heat transfer fluid passes through the radiator before reaching the high pressure heat exchanger directly or via the first pump,

[0047] and in which, independently and simultaneously, the heat transfer fluid circulates in the third loop.

[0048] According to another aspect of the invention, the thermal management device is configured to operate in a ninth operating mode in which the cooling circuit is configured in an operating mode in which the refrigerant is compressed by the compressor and passes through the high-pressure heat exchanger, the second expansion device where the refrigerant undergoes a pressure loss and the second bi-fluid heat exchanger,

[0049] and in which, within the heat transfer fluid circuit, the heat transfer fluid circulates in the first loop,

[0050] and in which, independently and simultaneously, the heat transfer fluid, driven by the third pump, circulates successively in the second two-fluid heat exchanger, the sixth bypass pipe, the radiator and the fifth bypass pipe before joining the second two-fluid heat exchanger directly or via the third pump.

[0051] According to another aspect of the invention, the heat transfer fluid circuit comprises:

[0052] - a seventh bypass pipe connecting the heat transfer fluid outlet of the radiator to the heat transfer fluid inlet of the radiator, said seventh bypass pipe comprising a heat exchanger with the electrical power chain of the motor vehicle,

[0053] - an eighth bypass line connecting the heat transfer fluid outlet of the heat exchanger with the electrical power chain to the heat transfer fluid inlet of the heat exchanger with the batteries,

[0054] - a fifth redirection device configured to redirect the heat transfer fluid leaving the heat exchanger with the electrical power chain to the heat exchanger with the batteries or to the eighth bypass pipe,

[0055] - a ninth bypass line connecting the heat transfer fluid outlet of the second pump to the heat transfer fluid inlet of the heat exchanger with the electrical power chain,

[0056] the seventh bypass line further comprising a fourth pump arranged upstream or downstream of the heat exchanger with the electrical power chain between the eighth and ninth bypass lines.

[0057] According to another aspect of the invention, the thermal management device is configured to operate in a tenth operating mode in which the cooling circuit is not functional,

[0058] and in which, within the heat transfer fluid circuit, the heat transfer fluid is driven by the fourth pump and circulates only between the heat exchanger with the electric power chain and the radiator within the seventh and fourth bypass pipe.

[0059] According to another aspect of the invention, the thermal management device is configured to operate in an eleventh operating mode in which the cooling circuit is configured in an operating mode in which the refrigerant fluid is compressed by the compressor passes through the high pressure heat exchanger, the first expansion device where the refrigerant fluid undergoes minimal pressure loss and the first bifluid heat exchanger,

[0060] and in which, within the heat transfer fluid circuit, a first portion of heat transfer fluid is driven by the first pump and circulates successively in the high pressure heat exchanger and the fourth bypass pipe to reach the heat transfer fluid inlet of the radiator,

[0061] a second portion of heat transfer fluid being driven by the fourth pump so as to circulate in the seventh bypass pipe, pass through the heat exchanger with the electrical power chain and reach the heat transfer fluid inlet of the radiator,

[0062] at the radiator outlet, a first portion of the heat transfer fluid joins the high-pressure heat exchanger via the fourth bypass pipe and a second portion of the heat transfer fluid joins the seventh bypass pipe upstream of the heat exchanger with the electrical power chain,

[0063] and in which, independently and simultaneously, the heat transfer fluid circulates in the second loop.

[0064] According to another aspect of the invention, the thermal management device is configured to operate in a twelfth operating mode in which the cooling circuit is not functional,

[0065] and in which, within the heat transfer fluid circuit, the heat transfer fluid, driven by the second pump (and / or the fourth pump), passes through the ninth bypass pipe to join the seventh bypass pipe and pass through the heat exchanger with the electrical power chain as well as the fourth pump, the heat transfer fluid then passes through the eighth bypass pipe, passes through the heat exchanger with the batteries, passively passes through the first dual-fluid heat exchanger to then join the high-pressure heat exchanger directly or via the first pump.

[0066] According to another aspect of the invention, the thermal management device is configured to operate in a thirteenth operating mode in which the cooling circuit is configured in an operating mode in which the refrigerant is compressed by the compressor and passes through the high-pressure heat exchanger, the first expansion device where the refrigerant undergoes minimal pressure loss and the first dual-fluid heat exchanger,

[0067] and in which, within the heat transfer fluid circuit, the heat transfer fluid, driven by the second pump (and / or the fourth pump), passes through the ninth bypass pipe to join the seventh bypass pipe and pass through the heat exchanger with the electrical power chain as well as, for example, the fourth pump, the heat transfer fluid then passes through the eighth bypass pipe, passes through the third bypass branch, passes through the first two-fluid heat exchanger to then join the second pump, i.e. more generally to join the ninth bypass pipe,

[0068] and in which, independently and simultaneously, the heat transfer fluid circulates in the first loop.

[0069] According to another aspect of the invention, the thermal management device is configured to operate in a fourteenth operating mode in which the cooling circuit is configured in an operating mode in which the refrigerant is compressed by the compressor and passes through the high pressure heat exchanger, the first expansion device where the refrigerant undergoes minimal pressure loss and the first dual-fluid heat exchanger,

[0070] and in which, within the heat transfer fluid circuit, the heat transfer fluid, driven by the second pump (and / or the fourth pump), passes through the ninth bypass pipe to join the seventh bypass pipe and pass through the heat exchanger with the electrical power chain as well as for example the fourth pump, the heat transfer fluid then passes through the eighth bypass pipe, passes through the heat exchanger with the batteries, passes through the first two-fluid heat exchanger to then join the ninth bypass pipe,

[0071] and in which, independently and simultaneously, the heat transfer fluid circulates in the first loop.

[0072] According to another aspect of the invention, the thermal management device is configured to operate in a fifteenth operating mode in which the cooling circuit is configured in an operating mode in which the refrigerant is compressed by the compressor and passes through the high pressure heat exchanger, the second expansion device where the refrigerant undergoes minimal pressure loss and the second dual-fluid heat exchanger,

[0073] and in which, within the heat transfer fluid circuit, a first portion of heat transfer fluid is driven by the first pump and circulates successively in the high pressure heat exchanger and the fourth bypass pipe to reach the heat transfer fluid inlet of the radiator,

[0074] a second portion of heat transfer fluid being driven by the fourth pump so as to circulate in the seventh bypass pipe, cross the heat exchanger with the electric power chain and reach the heat transfer fluid inlet of the radiator,

[0075] at the radiator outlet, a first part of the heat transfer fluid reaches the first pump (or more generally the high-pressure heat exchanger) via the fourth bypass pipe and a second part of the heat transfer fluid reaches the seventh bypass pipe upstream of crossing the heat exchanger with the electrical power chain,

[0076] and in which, independently and simultaneously, the heat transfer fluid circulates in the third loop.

[0077] According to another aspect of the invention, the thermal management device is configured to operate in a sixteenth operating mode in which the cooling circuit is configured in an operating mode in which the refrigerant is compressed by the compressor and passes through the high-pressure heat exchanger, the second expansion device where the refrigerant undergoes minimal pressure loss and the second dual-fluid heat exchanger, in which the refrigerant does not circulate in the first dual-fluid heat exchanger,

[0078] and in which, within the heat transfer fluid circuit, the heat transfer fluid, driven by the second pump (and / or the fourth pump), passes through the ninth bypass pipe to join the seventh bypass pipe and pass through the heat exchanger with the electrical power chain as well as the fourth pump, the heat transfer fluid then passes through the eighth bypass pipe, passes through the heat exchanger with the batteries, passes through the first two-fluid heat exchanger passively to then join the ninth bypass pipe,

[0079] and in which, independently and simultaneously, the heat transfer fluid circulates in the first loop,

[0080] and in which, independently and simultaneously, the heat transfer fluid, driven by the third pump, circulates successively in the second two-fluid heat exchanger, the sixth bypass pipe, the radiator, the fifth bypass pipe before joining the second two-fluid exchanger directly or via the third pump.

[0081] Other characteristics and advantages of the present invention will appear more clearly on reading the following description, provided for illustrative and non-limiting purposes, and the appended drawings in which:

[0082] [Fig 1] Figure 1 is a schematic representation of a cooling circuit of a thermal management device,

[0083] [Fig 2] Figure 2 is a schematic representation of a heat transfer fluid circuit according to a first embodiment of a thermal management device,

[0084] [Fig 3] Figure 3 is a schematic representation of the heat transfer fluid circuit device of Figure 2 according to a first mode of operation,

[0085] [Fig 5] Figure 4 is a schematic representation of the heat transfer fluid circuit device of Figure 2 according to a second mode of operation,

[0086] [Fig 5] Figure 5 is a schematic representation of the heat transfer fluid circuit device of Figure 2 according to a third mode of operation,

[0087] [Fig 6] Figure 6 is a schematic representation of the heat transfer fluid circuit device of Figure 2 according to a fourth mode of operation,

[0088] [Fig 7] Figure 7 is a schematic representation of the heat transfer fluid circuit device of Figure 2 according to a fifth mode of operation,

[0089] [Fig 8] Figure 8 is a schematic representation of a heat transfer fluid circuit according to a second embodiment of a thermal management device,

[0090] [Fig 9] Figure 9 is a schematic representation of the heat transfer fluid circuit device of Figure 8 according to a sixth mode of operation,

[0091] [Fig 10] Figure 10 is a schematic representation of the heat transfer fluid circuit device of Figure 8 according to a seventh mode of operation,

[0092] [Fig 11] Figure 11 is a schematic representation of a heat transfer fluid circuit according to a third embodiment of a thermal management device,

[0093] [Fig 12] Figure 12 is a schematic representation of the heat transfer fluid circuit device of Figure 11 according to an eighth mode of operation,

[0094] [Fig 13] Figure 13 is a schematic representation of the heat transfer fluid circuit device of Figure 11 according to a ninth mode of operation,

[0095] [Fig 14] Figure 14 is a schematic representation of a heat transfer fluid circuit according to a fourth embodiment of a thermal management device,

[0096] [Fig 15] Figure 15 is a schematic representation of the heat transfer fluid circuit device of Figure 14 according to a tenth mode of operation,

[0097] [Fig 16] Figure 16 is a schematic representation of the heat transfer fluid circuit device of Figure 14 according to an eleventh mode of operation,

[0098] [Fig 17] Figure 17 is a schematic representation of the heat transfer fluid circuit device of Figure 14 according to a twelfth mode of operation,

[0099] [Fig 18] Figure 18 is a schematic representation of the heat transfer fluid circuit device of Figure 14 according to a thirteenth mode of operation,

[0100] [Fig 19] Figure 19 is a schematic representation of the heat transfer fluid circuit device of Figure 14 according to a fourteenth mode of operation,

[0101] [Fig 20] Figure 20 is a schematic representation of the heat transfer fluid circuit device of Figure 14 according to a fifteenth mode of operation,

[0102] [Fig 21] Figure 21 is a schematic representation of the heat transfer fluid circuit device of Figure 14 according to a sixteenth mode of operation.

[0103] In the different figures, identical elements bear the same reference numbers.

[0104] The following embodiments are examples. Although the description refers to one or more embodiments, this does not necessarily mean that each reference relates to the same embodiment, or that the features apply only to a single embodiment. Single features of different embodiments may also be combined and / or interchanged to provide other embodiments.

[0105] In this description, certain elements or parameters may be indexed, such as first element or second element as well as first parameter and second parameter or even first criterion and second criterion, etc. In this case, it is a simple indexing to differentiate and name elements or parameters or criteria that are close, but not identical. This indexing does not imply a priority of one element, parameter or criterion over another and such names can easily be interchanged without departing from the scope of this description. This indexing also does not imply an order in time, for example, to assess this or that criterion.

[0106] In this description, "placed upstream" means that one element is placed before another in relation to the direction of circulation of a fluid. Conversely, "placed downstream" means that one element is placed after another in relation to the direction of circulation of the fluid.

[0107] The thermal management device for an electric or hybrid motor vehicle according to the invention comprises a heat transfer fluid circuit 1 (visible in Figures 2 to 21) and a cooling circuit X (visible in Figure 1) in which a refrigerant fluid is intended to circulate. The cooling circuit X is in particular configured to be able to operate in a hot gas mode. This is in particular possible with a refrigerant fluid such as r744.

[0108] As illustrated in Figure 1, the cooling circuit X comprises in particular, in the direction of circulation of the refrigerant fluid, a compressor 101, a heating condenser 4 arranged jointly on the heat transfer fluid circuit 1 and a first two-fluid heat exchanger 8 arranged jointly on the heat transfer fluid circuit. The cooling circuit X also comprises a first expansion device 102 arranged upstream of the first two-fluid heat exchanger 8.

[0109] The cooling circuit X may also comprise, connected in parallel to the first dual-fluid heat exchanger 8, a second dual-fluid heat exchanger 12 also arranged jointly on the heat transfer fluid circuit. The cooling circuit X then comprises a second expansion device 103 arranged upstream of the second dual-fluid heat exchanger 12.

[0110] As illustrated in Figure 2, the heat transfer fluid circuit comprises a first loop A and a second loop B (shown in thick lines) interconnected by means of a first 21 and a second 22 bypass pipe (shown in thin lines).

[0111] The first loop A more particularly comprises, in the direction of circulation of the heat transfer fluid, a first pump 3, the high-pressure heat exchanger 4 and a first heating air heat exchanger 5. This first heating air heat exchanger 5 may in particular be arranged in a heating, ventilation and air conditioning device of the passenger compartment of the motor vehicle. This first air heat exchanger 5 may thus be configured to be crossed by an air flow intended for the passenger compartment. Alternatively, the first pump 3 is placed elsewhere in the first loop, for example downstream of the high-pressure heat exchanger.

[0112] Note that the high-pressure heat exchanger can also be called a heating condenser. It is designed to transfer heat from the refrigerant to the heat transfer fluid.

[0113] The second loop B comprises, in the direction of circulation of the heat transfer fluid, a second pump 6, a heat exchanger with the batteries 7 and the first dual-fluid heat exchanger 8. Alternatively, the second pump is placed downstream of the exchanger with the batteries.

[0114] The first bypass line 21 connects the heat transfer fluid outlet of the first air heat exchanger 5 to the heat transfer fluid inlet of the heat exchanger with the batteries 7.

[0115] In the example illustrated in Figure 2, this first bypass pipe 21 more particularly connects a first connection point 21a to a second connection point 21b. The first connection point 21a is arranged on the first loop A downstream of the first air heat exchanger 5. The second connection point 21b is arranged on the second loop B upstream of the heat exchanger with the batteries 7.

[0116] The second bypass line 22 connects the heat transfer fluid outlet of the first two-fluid heat exchanger 8 to the inlet of the first pump 3.

[0117] In the example illustrated in Figure 2, this second bypass pipe 22 more particularly connects a first connection point 22a to a second connection point 22b. The first connection point 22a is arranged on the second loop B downstream of the first two-fluid heat exchanger 8. The second connection point 22b is arranged on the first loop A upstream of the first pump 3. More particularly, this second connection point 22b of the second bypass pipe 22 is arranged downstream of the first connection point 21a of the first bypass pipe 21.

[0118] The heat transfer fluid circuit also comprises a first heat transfer fluid redirection device 41 configured to redirect the heat transfer fluid at the outlet of the first air heat exchanger 5 to the first bypass pipe 21 or to the heat transfer fluid inlet of the first pump 3. In the example illustrated in FIG. 2, this first redirection device 41 is a three-way valve arranged on the first connection point 21a of the first bypass pipe 21.

[0119] As still illustrated in Figure 2, the heat transfer fluid circuit may also comprise a third bypass pipe 23 for bypassing the heat exchanger with the batteries 7 connecting the heat transfer fluid inlet of said heat exchanger with the batteries 7 to its heat transfer fluid outlet on the second loop B.

[0120] In the example illustrated in Figure 2, this third branch line 23 more particularly connects a first connection point 23a to a second connection point 23b. The first connection point 23a is arranged on the second loop B upstream of the heat exchanger with the batteries 7, more precisely between the second connection point 21b of the first connection line 21 and the heat exchanger with the batteries 7. The second connection point 23b is also arranged on the second loop B, downstream of the heat exchanger with the batteries 7, more precisely between the heat exchanger with the batteries 7 and the second dual-fluid heat exchanger 8.

[0121] The heat transfer fluid circuit may also comprise a second redirection device 42 configured to redirect the heat transfer fluid arriving at the heat exchanger. with the batteries 7, to the third bypass line 23 or to the heat exchanger with the batteries 7. In the example illustrated in Figure 2, this second redirection device 42 is a three-way valve arranged on the first connection point 23a of the third bypass line 23.

[0122] The heat transfer fluid circuit is thus configured to operate according to several operating modes illustrated in Figures 3 to 21 with regard to the heat transfer fluid circuit. In these figures, the elements in which the heat transfer fluid does not circulate or are not functional are shown in dotted lines.

[0123] First mode of operation:

[0124] The thermal management device is thus configured to operate in a first operating mode illustrated in Figure 3. In this first operating mode, the cooling circuit X is configured in a hot gas mode in which the refrigerant is compressed by the compressor 101 and passes through the high-pressure heat exchanger 4. The refrigerant then circulates in the rest of the cooling circuit X but without exchanging heat energy at the first dual-fluid heat exchanger 8 and / or the second dual-fluid heat exchanger 12 if present. The compressor 101 compresses the refrigerant, which thus increases in temperature. This increase in temperature of the refrigerant is discharged via the high-pressure heat exchanger 4.

[0125] In this first operating mode, within the heat transfer fluid circuit, the heat transfer fluid is driven by the first pump 3 and circulates only in the first loop A. The heat transfer fluid thus recovers heat energy from the cooling circuit X via the high-pressure heat exchanger 4 and releases it via the first air heat exchanger 5, for example in an air flow to the passenger compartment in order to heat said passenger compartment.

[0126] Second mode of operation:

[0127] The thermal management device is configured to operate in a second operating mode shown in Figure 4. In this second operating mode, the cooling circuit X is configured in a hot gas mode in which the refrigerant is compressed by the compressor 101 and passes through the high-pressure heat exchanger 4, the first expansion device 102 with minimal pressure loss and the first dual-fluid heat exchanger 8. The compressor 101 compresses the refrigerant which thus increases in temperature. This increase in temperature of the refrigerant is discharged via the high-pressure heat exchanger 4 as well as via the first dual-fluid heat exchanger 8 because it undergoes minimal pressure loss when passing through the first expansion device 102.

[0128] In this second operating mode, within the heat transfer fluid circuit, the heat transfer fluid is driven by the first pump 3 and circulates successively in the high-pressure heat exchanger 4, the first air heat exchanger 5 not crossed by an air flow, the first bypass pipe 21, the heat exchanger with the batteries 7, the first bi-fluid heat exchanger 8 and the second bypass pipe 22 before joining the first pump 3. The heat transfer fluid thus recovers heat energy from the cooling circuit X via the high-pressure heat exchanger 4 as well as via the first bifluid heat exchanger 8. This heat energy is transferred via the heat exchanger with the batteries 7 in order to heat the batteries. Since the first air heat exchanger 5 is not crossed by an air flow, there is little or no transfer of heat energy at its level.

[0129] Third mode of operation:

[0130] The thermal management device is configured to operate in a third operating mode shown in Figure 5. In this third operating mode, the cooling circuit X is configured in a hot gas mode in which the refrigerant is compressed by the compressor 101 and passes through the high-pressure heat exchanger 4, the first expansion device 102 with minimal pressure loss and the first dual-fluid heat exchanger 8. The compressor 101 compresses the refrigerant which thus increases in temperature. This increase in temperature of the refrigerant is discharged via the high-pressure heat exchanger 4 as well as via the first dual-fluid heat exchanger 8 because it undergoes minimal pressure loss when passing through the first expansion device 102.

[0131] In this third operating mode, within the heat transfer fluid circuit, the heat transfer fluid is driven by the first pump 3 and circulates successively in the high-pressure heat exchanger 4, the first air heat exchanger 5, the first bypass pipe 21, the heat exchanger with the batteries 7, the first dual-fluid heat exchanger 8 and the second bypass pipe 22 before joining the first pump 3. The heat transfer fluid thus recovers heat energy from the cooling circuit X via the high-pressure heat exchanger 4 as well as via the first dual-fluid heat exchanger 8. The heat transfer fluid also recovers heat energy from the air via the first air heat exchanger 5. This heat energy is partly released via the heat exchanger with the batteries 7 in order to heat the batteries.The heat energy is also partly transferred via the first air heat exchanger 5, for example in an air flow to the passenger compartment in order to heat said passenger compartment.

[0132] Fourth mode of operation:

[0133] The thermal management device is configured to operate in a fourth operating mode illustrated in Figure 6. In this fourth operating mode, the cooling circuit X is configured in an operating mode in which the refrigerant is compressed by the compressor 101 and passes through the high-pressure heat exchanger 4, the first expansion device 102 where the refrigerant undergoes a pressure loss and the first dual-fluid heat exchanger 8.

[0134] In this fourth operating mode, within the heat transfer fluid circuit, the heat transfer fluid circulates independently and simultaneously in the first loop A and in the second loop B. The refrigerant of the cooling circuit X thus recovers heat energy from the second loop B. Indeed, the heat exchanger with the batteries 7 cools the latter and therefore heats the heat transfer fluid within the second loop B. This heat energy is then evacuated via the second dual-fluid heat exchanger 8 to the cooling circuit X and the low-pressure refrigerant. The heat energy recovered by the cooling circuit X is then evacuated to the first loop A via the first heat exchanger 4. Within the first loop A, the heat energy is then transferred via the first air heat exchanger 5, for example in an air flow to the passenger compartment in order to heat said passenger compartment. This thus makes it possible to recover heat from the batteries to enable heating via the first air heat exchanger 5.

[0135] Fifth mode of operation:

[0136] The thermal management device is configured to operate in a fifth operating mode shown in Figure 7. In this fifth operating mode, the cooling circuit X is configured in a hot gas mode in which the refrigerant is compressed by the compressor 101 and passes through the high-pressure heat exchanger 4, the first expansion device 102 with minimal pressure loss and the first dual-fluid heat exchanger 8. The compressor 101 compresses the refrigerant which thus increases in temperature. This increase in temperature of the refrigerant is discharged via the high-pressure heat exchanger 4 as well as via the first dual-fluid heat exchanger 8 because it undergoes minimal pressure loss when passing through the first expansion device 102.

[0137] In this fifth operating mode, within the heat transfer fluid circuit, the heat transfer fluid is driven by the first pump 3 and circulates successively in the high-pressure heat exchanger 4, the first air heat exchanger 5, the first bypass pipe 21, the third bypass pipe 23, the first dual-fluid heat exchanger 8 and the second bypass pipe 22 before joining the first pump 3. The heat transfer fluid thus recovers heat energy from the cooling circuit X via the high-pressure heat exchanger 4 as well as via the first dual-fluid heat exchanger 8. The heat transfer fluid also recovers heat energy from the air via the first air heat exchanger. This heat energy is also released only via the first air heat exchanger 5, for example in an air flow to the passenger compartment in order to heat said passenger compartment.In fact, the heat exchanger with the batteries 7 is bypassed and the heat transfer fluid does not pass through it. There is therefore no heat exchange with the batteries.

[0138] As illustrated in Figure 8, the heat transfer fluid circuit may comprise a fourth bypass pipe 24 connecting the heat transfer fluid outlet of the heating condenser 4 to the heat transfer fluid inlet of the first pump 3. This fourth bypass pipe 24 comprises a radiator 10. This radiator 10 may in particular be crossed by an air flow external to the motor vehicle, for example on the front face. Arranged upstream of the radiator 10, the fourth bypass pipe 24 may also comprise an expansion tank 9.

[0139] In the example illustrated in Figure 8, the fourth bypass line 24 connects a first connection point 24a to a second connection point 24b. The first connection point 24a is arranged on the first loop A downstream of the heating condenser 4, more precisely between the high-pressure heat exchanger 4 and the first air heat exchanger 5. The second connection point 24b is arranged on the first loop A upstream of the first pump 3, more precisely between the second connection point 22b of the second bypass line 22 and the first pump 3.

[0140] The heat transfer fluid circuit may also include a third device redirection 43 configured to redirect the heat transfer fluid leaving the heating condenser 4 to the first air heat exchanger 5 or to the fourth bypass pipe 24. In the example illustrated in Figure 8, this third redirection device 43 is a three-way valve arranged on the first connection point 24a of the fourth bypass pipe 24.

[0141] Sixth mode of operation:

[0142] The thermal management device is configured to operate in a sixth operating mode illustrated in Figure 9. In this sixth operating mode, the cooling circuit X is configured in a hot gas mode in which the refrigerant is compressed by the compressor 101 and passes through the high-pressure heat exchanger 4. The refrigerant then circulates in the rest of the cooling circuit X but without exchanging heat energy at the first dual-fluid heat exchanger 8 and / or the second dual-fluid heat exchanger 12 if present. The compressor 101 compresses the refrigerant, which thus increases in temperature. This increase in temperature of the refrigerant is discharged via the high-pressure heat exchanger 4.

[0143] In this sixth operating mode, within the heat transfer fluid circuit, the heat transfer fluid is driven by the first pump 3 and circulates successively in the high-pressure heat exchanger 4 and the fourth bypass pipe 24, in which the heat transfer fluid passes through the radiator 10 before reaching the first pump 3. The heat transfer fluid thus recovers heat energy from the cooling circuit X via the high-pressure heat exchanger 4 and releases it via the radiator 10, for example to perform a defrosting function of the latter.

[0144] Seventh mode of operation:

[0145] The thermal management device is configured to operate in a seventh operating mode illustrated in Figure 10. In this seventh operating mode, the cooling circuit X is configured in an operating mode in which the refrigerant is compressed by the compressor 101 and passes through the high-pressure heat exchanger 4, the first expansion device 102 where the refrigerant undergoes a pressure loss and the first dual-fluid heat exchanger 8.

[0146] In this seventh operating mode, within the heat transfer fluid circuit, the heat transfer fluid is driven by the first pump 3 and circulates successively in the high pressure heat exchanger 4 and the fourth bypass pipe 24, in which the heat transfer fluid passes through the radiator 10 before reaching the first pump 3. Independently and simultaneously, the heat transfer fluid also circulates in the second loop B.

[0147] Within the second loop B, the heat transfer fluid recovers heat energy from the batteries via the heat exchanger with the batteries 7 and transfers it to the low-pressure refrigerant of the cooling circuit X via the first dual-fluid heat exchanger 8. This heat energy is then removed from the cooling circuit X via the high-pressure heat exchanger 4. This heat energy is thus transferred to the refrigerant via the high-pressure heat exchanger 4 and removed via the radiator 10, for example, into an air flow external to the motor vehicle. This seventh operating mode thus makes it possible to actively cool the batteries.

[0148] As illustrated in Figure 11, the heat transfer fluid circuit may also comprise a third loop C comprising, in the direction of circulation of the heat transfer fluid, a third pump 11, the second dual-fluid heat exchanger 12 and a second air heat exchanger 13. This second air heat exchanger 13 may in particular be arranged in a heating, ventilation and air conditioning device of the passenger compartment of the motor vehicle like the first air heat exchanger 5. This second air heat exchanger 13 may thus be configured to be crossed by an air flow intended for the passenger compartment. Advantageously, the second air heat exchanger 13 is arranged upstream of the first air heat exchanger 5 in the direction of circulation of the air flow passing through them.

[0149] This third loop C is notably connected to the rest of the heat transfer fluid circuit via a fifth 25 and a sixth 26 bypass pipe.

[0150] The fifth bypass line 25 connecting the heat transfer fluid outlet of the radiator 10 to the heat transfer fluid inlet of the third pump 11.

[0151] In the example illustrated in Figure 11, this fifth bypass pipe 25 has a first connection point 25a to a second connection point 25b. The first connection point 25a is arranged on the fourth bypass pipe 24, downstream of the radiator 10. The second connection point 25b is arranged on the third loop C upstream of the third pump 11, between the second air heat exchanger 13 and the third pump 11.

[0152] The sixth bypass line 26 connects the heat transfer fluid outlet of the second two-fluid heat exchanger 12 to the heat transfer fluid inlet of the radiator 10.

[0153] In the example illustrated in Figure 11, this sixth bypass pipe 26 connects a first connection point 26a to a second connection point 26b. The first connection point 26a is arranged on the third loop C, downstream of the second dual-fluid heat exchanger 12, between the second heat exchanger 12 and the second air heat exchanger 13. The second connection point 26b is arranged on the fourth bypass pipe 24, upstream of the radiator 10.

[0154] The heat transfer fluid circuit may also comprise a fourth redirection device 44 configured to redirect the heat transfer fluid leaving the second two-fluid heat exchanger 12 to the second air heat exchanger 13 or to the sixth bypass pipe 26. In the example illustrated in FIG. 11, this fourth redirection device 44 is a three-way valve arranged on the first connection point 26a of the sixth bypass pipe 26.

[0155] Eighth mode of operation:

[0156] The thermal management device is configured to operate in an eighth operating mode illustrated in Figure 12. In this eighth operating mode, the cooling circuit X is configured in an operating mode in which the refrigerant is compressed by the compressor 101 and passes through the high-pressure heat exchanger 4, the second expansion device 103 where the refrigerant undergoes a pressure loss and the second dual-fluid heat exchanger 12.

[0157] In this eighth operating mode, within the heat transfer fluid circuit, the heat transfer fluid is driven by the first pump 3 and circulates successively in the high-pressure heat exchanger 4 and the fourth bypass pipe 24, in which the heat transfer fluid passes through the radiator 10 before reaching the first pump 3. Independently and simultaneously, the heat transfer fluid also circulates in the third loop C.

[0158] Within the third loop C, the heat transfer fluid recovers heat energy via the second air exchanger 13 and transfers it to the low-pressure refrigerant of the cooling circuit X via the second dual-fluid heat exchanger 12. This heat energy is then removed from the cooling circuit X via the high-pressure heat exchanger 4. This heat energy is thus transferred to the refrigerant via the high-pressure heat exchanger 4 and removed via the radiator 10, for example, into an air flow external to the motor vehicle. This eighth operating mode thus makes it possible to actively cool the air flow, for example to the passenger compartment, passing through the second air heat exchanger 13.

[0159] Ninth mode of operation:

[0160] The thermal management device is configured to operate in a ninth operating mode illustrated in Figure 13. In this ninth operating mode, the cooling circuit X is configured in an operating mode in which the refrigerant is compressed by the compressor 101 and passes through the high-pressure heat exchanger 4, the second expansion device 103 where the refrigerant undergoes a pressure loss and the second dual-fluid heat exchanger 12.

[0161] In this ninth operating mode, within the heat transfer fluid circuit, the heat transfer fluid circulates in the first loop A.

[0162] Still within the heat transfer fluid circuit, independently and simultaneously, the heat transfer fluid is also driven by the third pump 11 and circulates successively in the second two-fluid heat exchanger 12, the sixth bypass pipe 26, the radiator 10 and the fifth bypass pipe 25 before reaching the third pump 3.

[0163] The refrigerant fluid recovers heat energy from the external air flow via the radiator 10. This heat energy is transferred to the low-pressure refrigerant fluid of the cooling circuit X via the second dual-fluid heat exchanger 12. The heat transfer fluid within the first loop A recovers this heat energy from the cooling circuit X via the high-pressure heat exchanger 4 and transfers it via the first air heat exchanger 5, for example in an air flow to the passenger compartment in order to heat said passenger compartment.

[0164] As illustrated in Figure 14, the heat transfer fluid circuit may also comprise a seventh bypass line 27 connecting the heat transfer fluid outlet of the radiator 10 to the heat transfer fluid inlet of the radiator 10. This seventh bypass line 27 comprises a heat exchanger with the electrical power chain 15 of the motor vehicle as well as a fourth pump 14. The electrical power chain may in particular comprise elements such as the powertrain and the internal charger.

[0165] In the example illustrated in Figure 14, this seventh branch line 27 connects a first connection point 27a to a second connection point 27b. The first connection point 27a is in particular arranged on the fifth branch pipe 25. The second connection point 27b is arranged on the sixth branch pipe 26.

[0166] The heat transfer fluid circuit may also comprise an eighth bypass pipe 28 connecting the heat transfer fluid outlet of the heat exchanger with the electrical power chain 15 to the heat transfer fluid inlet of the heat exchanger with the batteries 7.

[0167] In the example illustrated in Figure 14, this eighth bypass pipe 28 connects a first connection point 28a to a second connection point 28b. The first connection point 28a is in particular arranged on the seventh bypass pipe 27 downstream of the heat exchanger with the electrical power chain 15. The second connection point 28b is arranged on the second loop B upstream of the heat exchanger with the batteries 7, more precisely between the second connection point 21b of the first bypass pipe 21 and the first connection point 23a of the third bypass pipe 23.

[0168] The heat transfer fluid circuit may also comprise a ninth bypass line 29 connecting the heat transfer fluid outlet of the second pump 6 to the heat transfer fluid inlet of the heat exchanger with the electrical power chain 15.

[0169] In the example illustrated in Figure 14, this ninth bypass line 29 connects a first connection point 29a to a second connection point 29b. The first connection point 29a is arranged on the first connection line 21. The second connection point 29b is arranged on the seventh bypass line 27 upstream of the heat exchanger with the electrical power chain 15.

[0170] The fourth pump 14 is in particular arranged on the seventh bypass pipe 27 upstream or downstream of the heat exchanger with the electrical power chain 15, between the eighth 28 and ninth 29 bypass pipes. More precisely, the fourth pump 14 is arranged between the second connection point 29b of the ninth bypass pipe 29 and the first connection point 28a of the eighth connection pipe 28.

[0171] The heat transfer fluid circuit may also comprise a fifth redirection device 45 configured to redirect the heat transfer fluid leaving the heat exchanger with the electrical power chain 15 to the heat exchanger with the batteries 7 or to the eighth bypass pipe 28. In the example illustrated in FIG. 14, this fifth redirection device 45 is a three-way valve arranged on the first connection point 28a of the eighth bypass pipe 28.

[0172] The heat transfer fluid circuit may also include a non-return device 46 arranged on the second loop so as to block any possible backflow of heat transfer fluid from the eighth bypass pipe 28 to the ninth bypass pipe 29 and to the first bypass pipe 21.

[0173] Tenth mode of operation:

[0174] The thermal management device is configured to operate in one tenth operating mode shown in Figure 15. In this tenth operating mode, the cooling circuit X is not functional.

[0175] In this tenth operating mode, within the heat transfer fluid circuit, the heat transfer fluid is driven by the fourth pump 14 and circulates only between the heat exchanger with the electric power chain 15 and the radiator 10 within the seventh 27 and the fourth 24 bypass pipe.

[0176] The heat transfer fluid recovers heat energy via the heat exchanger with the electric power chain 15 by cooling the electric power chain and this heat energy is evacuated via the radiator 10. This tenth operating mode makes it possible to cool the electric power chain and also, if necessary, to defrost the radiator 10.

[0177] Eleventh mode of operation:

[0178] The thermal management device is configured to operate in an eleventh operating mode illustrated in Figure 16. In this eleventh operating mode, the cooling circuit X is configured in an operating mode in which the refrigerant fluid is compressed by the compressor 101 passes through the heated water condenser 4, the first expansion device 102 where the refrigerant fluid undergoes a pressure loss and the first bifluid heat exchanger 8.

[0179] In this eleventh operating mode, within the heat transfer fluid circuit, a first portion of heat transfer fluid is driven by the first pump 3 and circulates successively in the high-pressure heat exchanger 4 and the fourth bypass pipe 24 to reach the heat transfer fluid inlet of the radiator 10. A second portion of heat transfer fluid is driven by the fourth pump 14 so as to circulate in the seventh bypass pipe 27, pass through the heat exchanger with the electrical power chain 15 and reach the heat transfer fluid inlet of the radiator 10. At the outlet of the radiator 10, a first portion of the heat transfer fluid joins the first pump 3 via the fourth bypass pipe 24 and a second portion of the heat transfer fluid joins the seventh bypass pipe 27 upstream of the heat exchanger with the electrical power chain 15.

[0180] In this eleventh operating mode, still within the heat transfer fluid circuit, independently and simultaneously, the heat transfer fluid circulates in the second loop B.

[0181] Within the second loop B, the heat transfer fluid recovers heat energy by cooling the batteries via the heat exchanger with the batteries 7. This heat energy is transferred to the low-pressure refrigerant of the cooling circuit X via the first two-fluid heat exchanger 8. This heat energy is then transferred to the first portion of heat transfer fluid via the high-pressure heat exchanger 4.

[0182] Within the seventh bypass line 27, the second portion of heat transfer fluid recovers heat energy from the electrical power chain via the heat exchanger with the electrical power chain 15.

[0183] The heat energy recovered by these first and second portions of heat transfer fluid is then evacuated via the radiator 10.

[0184] This eleventh operating mode thus makes it possible to achieve active cooling of the batteries, i.e. by using the cooling circuit X, and passive cooling of the electrical power chain, i.e. solely by means of the radiator 10.

[0185] Twelfth mode of operation:

[0186] The thermal management device is configured to operate in a twelfth operating mode shown in Figure 17. In this twelfth operating mode, cooling circuit X is not functional.

[0187] In this twelfth operating mode, within the heat transfer fluid circuit, the heat transfer fluid, driven by the second pump 6, passes through the ninth bypass pipe 29 to join the seventh bypass pipe 27 and to pass through the heat exchanger with the electric power chain 15 as well as the fourth pump 14. The heat transfer fluid then passes through the eighth bypass pipe 28, passes through the heat exchanger with the batteries 7, and passively passes through the first dual-fluid heat exchanger 8 to then join the second pump 6. By passively is meant that by passing through the first dual-fluid heat exchanger 8, there is no heat transfer because the refrigerant of the cooling circuit X does not pass through said first dual-fluid heat exchanger 8.

[0188] The heat transfer fluid thus recovers heat energy by cooling the electrical power chain via the heat exchanger with the electrical power chain 15. This heat energy is then transferred to the batteries to heat them via the heat exchanger with the batteries 7.

[0189] Thirteenth mode of operation:

[0190] The thermal management device is configured to operate in a thirteenth operating mode illustrated in Figure 18. In this thirteenth operating mode, the cooling circuit X is configured in an operating mode in which the refrigerant is compressed by the compressor 101 and passes through the high-pressure heat exchanger 4, the first expansion device 102 where the refrigerant undergoes a pressure loss and the first dual-fluid heat exchanger 8.

[0191] In this thirteenth operating mode, within the heat transfer fluid circuit, the heat transfer fluid, driven by the second pump 6, passes through the ninth bypass pipe 29 to join the seventh bypass pipe 27 and passes through the heat exchanger with the electrical power chain 15 as well as the fourth pump 14. The heat transfer fluid then passes through the eighth bypass pipe 28, passes through the third bypass branch 23, and passes through the first two-fluid heat exchanger 8 to then join the second pump 6.

[0192] In this thirteenth operating mode, still within the heat transfer fluid circuit, independently and simultaneously, the heat transfer fluid circulates in the first loop A.

[0193] The heat transfer fluid thus recovers heat energy by cooling the electrical power chain via the heat exchanger with the electrical power chain. 15. This heat energy is then transferred to the low-pressure refrigerant fluid of the cooling circuit X via the first two-fluid heat exchanger 8.

[0194] Within the first loop A, the heat transfer fluid recovers this heat energy from the cooling circuit X via the high-pressure heat exchanger 4 and transfers it via the first air heat exchanger 5, for example in an air flow to the passenger compartment in order to heat said passenger compartment.

[0195] This thirteenth operating mode thus makes it possible to recover the heat from the electrical power chain to heat the air flow passing through the first air heat exchanger 5.

[0196] Fourteenth mode of operation:

[0197] The thermal management device is configured to operate in a fourteenth operating mode illustrated in Figure 19. In this fourteenth operating mode, the cooling circuit X is configured in an operating mode in which the refrigerant is compressed by the compressor 101 and passes through the high-pressure heat exchanger 4, the first expansion device 102 where the refrigerant undergoes a pressure loss and the first dual-fluid heat exchanger 8.

[0198] In this fourteenth operating mode, within the heat transfer fluid circuit, the heat transfer fluid, driven by the second pump 6, passes through the ninth bypass pipe 29 to join the seventh bypass pipe 27 and passes through the heat exchanger with the electric power chain 15 as well as the fourth pump 14. The heat transfer fluid then passes through the eighth bypass pipe 28, passes through the heat exchanger with the batteries 7, and passes through the first two-fluid heat exchanger 8 to then join the second pump 6.

[0199] In this fourteenth operating mode, still within the heat transfer fluid circuit, independently and simultaneously, the heat transfer fluid circulates in the first loop A.

[0200] The heat transfer fluid thus recovers heat energy by cooling the electrical power chain via the heat exchanger with the electrical power chain 15 as well as by cooling the batteries via the heat exchanger with the batteries 7. This heat energy is then transferred to the low-pressure refrigerant of the cooling circuit X via the first two-fluid heat exchanger 8.

[0201] Within the first loop A, the heat transfer fluid recovers this heat energy from the cooling circuit X via the high-pressure heat exchanger 4 and transfers it via the first air heat exchanger 5, for example in an air flow to the passenger compartment in order to heat said passenger compartment.

[0202] This thirteenth operating mode thus makes it possible to recover the heat from the electrical power chain and the batteries to heat the air flow passing through the first air heat exchanger 5.

[0203] Fifteenth mode of operation:

[0204] The thermal management device is configured to operate in a quin- 15th operating mode illustrated in Figure 20. In this fifteenth operating mode, the cooling circuit X is configured in an operating mode in which the refrigerant is compressed by the compressor 101 and passes through the high-pressure heat exchanger 4, the second expansion device 103 where the refrigerant undergoes a pressure loss and the second two-fluid heat exchanger 12.

[0205] In this fifteenth operating mode, within the heat transfer fluid circuit, a first portion of heat transfer fluid is driven by the first pump 3 and circulates successively in the high-pressure heat exchanger 4 and the fourth bypass pipe 24 to reach the heat transfer fluid inlet of the radiator 10. A second portion of heat transfer fluid is driven by the fourth pump 14 so as to circulate in the seventh bypass pipe 27, pass through the heat exchanger with the electrical power chain 15 and reach the heat transfer fluid inlet of the radiator 10. At the outlet of the radiator 10, a first portion of the heat transfer fluid joins the first pump 3 via the fourth bypass pipe 24 and a second portion of the heat transfer fluid joins the seventh bypass pipe 27 upstream of the heat exchanger with the electrical power chain 15.

[0206] In this fifteenth mode of operation, still within the heat transfer fluid circuit, independently and simultaneously, the heat transfer fluid circulates in the third loop C.

[0207] Within the third loop C, the heat transfer fluid recovers heat energy by cooling the air flow passing through the second air heat exchanger 13. This heat energy is transferred to the low-pressure refrigerant of the cooling circuit X via the second dual-fluid heat exchanger 12. This heat energy is then transferred to the first portion of heat transfer fluid via the high-pressure heat exchanger 4.

[0208] Within the seventh bypass line 27, the second portion of heat transfer fluid recovers heat energy from the electrical power chain via the heat exchanger with the electrical power chain 15.

[0209] The heat energy recovered by these first and second portions of heat transfer fluid is then evacuated via the radiator 10.

[0210] This fifteenth operating mode thus makes it possible to achieve active cooling of the air flow passing through the first air heat exchanger, i.e. by using the cooling circuit X, and passive cooling of the electrical power chain, i.e. solely by means of the radiator 10.

[0211] Sixteenth mode of operation:

[0212] The thermal management device is configured to operate in a sixteenth operating mode illustrated in Figure 21. In this sixteenth operating mode, the cooling circuit X is configured in an operating mode in which the refrigerant is compressed by the compressor 101 and passes through the high-pressure heat exchanger 4, the second expansion device 103 where the refrigerant undergoes a pressure loss and the second dual-fluid heat exchanger 12, and in which the refrigerant does not circulate in the first dual-fluid heat exchanger 8.

[0213] In this sixteenth mode of operation, within the heat transfer fluid circuit, the heat transfer fluid, driven by the second pump 6, passes through the ninth bypass pipe 29 to join the seventh bypass pipe 27 and to pass through the heat exchanger with the electric power chain 15 as well as the fourth pump 14. The heat transfer fluid then passes through the eighth bypass pipe 28, passes through the heat exchanger with the batteries 7, and passively passes through the first dual-fluid heat exchanger 8 to then join the second pump 6. By passively it is meant that by passing through the first dual-fluid heat exchanger 8, there is no heat transfer because the refrigerant of the cooling circuit X does not pass through said first dual-fluid heat exchanger 8.

[0214] In this sixteenth operating mode, still within the heat transfer fluid circuit, independently and simultaneously, the heat transfer fluid circulates in the first loop A.

[0215] In this sixteenth operating mode, still within the heat transfer fluid circuit, independently and simultaneously, the heat transfer fluid, driven by the third pump 11, circulates successively in the second two-fluid heat exchanger 12, the sixth bypass pipe 26, the radiator 10, the fifth bypass pipe 25 before joining the third pump 3.

[0216] The heat transfer fluid thus recovers heat energy by cooling the electrical power chain via the heat exchanger with the electrical power chain 15. This heat energy is then transferred to the batteries to heat them via the heat exchanger with the batteries 7.

[0217] At the same time, the refrigerant fluid recovers heat energy from the external air flow via the radiator 10. This heat energy is transferred to the low-pressure refrigerant fluid of the cooling circuit X via the second dual-fluid heat exchanger 12. The heat transfer fluid within the first loop A recovers this heat energy from the cooling circuit X via the high-pressure heat exchanger 4 and transfers it via the first air heat exchanger 5, for example in an air flow to the passenger compartment in order to heat said passenger compartment.

[0218] Thus, we can clearly see that due to its cooling circuit X configured to be able to operate in a hot gas mode and the architecture of its heat transfer fluid circuit, the thermal management device allows in particular heating of the batteries and / or the passenger compartment without having to use a high voltage electrical resistance to heat the heat transfer fluid.

Claims

Claims

1. Thermal management device for an electric or hybrid motor vehicle comprising a heat transfer fluid circuit and a cooling circuit (X) in which a refrigerant fluid is intended to circulate and configured to be able to operate in a hot gas mode, said cooling circuit (X) comprising, in the direction of circulation of the refrigerant fluid, a compressor (101), a high-pressure heat exchanger (4) arranged jointly on the heat transfer fluid circuit, a first dual-fluid heat exchanger (8), for example at low pressure, arranged jointly on the heat transfer fluid circuit, the cooling circuit (X) comprising a first expansion device (102) arranged upstream of the first dual-fluid heat exchanger (8), the heat transfer fluid circuit comprising: - a first loop (A) comprising a first pump (3) and, in the direction of circulation of the heat transfer fluid, the high pressure heat exchanger (4) and a first air heat exchanger (5) for heating, - a second loop (B) comprising a second pump (6) and, in the direction of circulation of the heat transfer fluid, a heat exchanger with the batteries (7) and the first two-fluid heat exchanger (8), - a first bypass line (21) connecting the heat transfer fluid outlet of the first air heat exchanger (5) to the heat transfer fluid inlet of the heat exchanger with the batteries (7), - a first heat transfer fluid redirection device (41) configured to redirect the heat transfer fluid at the outlet of the first air heat exchanger (5) to the first bypass pipe (21) or to the inlet of the high pressure heat exchanger (4), - a second bypass pipe (22) connecting the heat transfer fluid outlet of the first two-fluid heat exchanger (8) to the inlet of the high-pressure heat exchanger (4).

2. Thermal management device according to the preceding claim, characterized in that it is configured to operate in a first operating mode in which the cooling circuit (X) is configured in a hot gas mode in which the refrigerant is compressed by the compressor (101) and passes through the high-pressure heat exchanger (4), and in which, within the heat transfer fluid circuit, the heat transfer fluid is driven by the first pump (3) and circulates only in the first loop (A).

3. Thermal management device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is configured to operate in a second operating mode in which the cooling circuit (X) is configured in a hot gas mode in which the refrigerant is compressed by the compressor (101) and passes through the high-pressure heat exchanger (4), the first expansion device (102) with minimal pressure loss and the first bi-fluid heat exchanger (8), and in which, within the heat transfer fluid circuit, the heat transfer fluid is driven by the first pump (3) and circulates successively in the high-pressure heat exchanger (4), the first air heat exchanger (5) not crossed by an air flow, the first bypass pipe (21), the heat exchanger with the batteries (7), the first two-fluid heat exchanger (8) and the second bypass pipe (22) before joining the high-pressure heat exchanger (4).

4. Thermal management device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is configured to operate in a third operating mode in which the cooling circuit (X) is configured in a hot gas mode in which the refrigerant compressed by the compressor (101) and passes through the high-pressure heat exchanger (4), the first expansion device (102) where the refrigerant undergoes a minimal pressure loss and the first bi-fluid heat exchanger (8), and in which, within the heat transfer fluid circuit, the heat transfer fluid is driven by the first pump (3) and circulates successively in the high-pressure heat exchanger (4), the first air heat exchanger (5) crossed by an air flow, the first bypass pipe (21), the heat exchanger with the batteries (7),the first two-fluid heat exchanger (8) and the second bypass line (22) before joining the high-pressure heat exchanger (4).,

5. Thermal management device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is configured to operate in a fourth operating mode in which the cooling circuit (X) is configured in an operating mode in which the refrigerant is compressed by the compressor (101) and passes through the high-pressure heat exchanger (4), the first expansion device (102) where the refrigerant undergoes a pressure loss and the first bi-fluid heat exchanger (8), and in which, within the heat transfer fluid circuit, the heat transfer fluid circulates independently and simultaneously in the first loop (A) and in the second loop (B).

6. Thermal management device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the heat transfer fluid circuit comprises: - a third bypass pipe (23) for bypassing the heat exchanger with the batteries (7), connecting the heat transfer fluid inlet of said heat exchanger with the batteries (7) to its heat transfer fluid outlet on the second loop (B), - a second redirection device (42) configured to redirect the heat transfer fluid arriving at the heat exchanger with the batteries (7) towards the third bypass pipe (23) or towards the heat exchanger with the batteries (7).

7. Thermal management device according to the preceding claim, characterized in that it is configured to operate in a fifth operating mode in which the cooling circuit (X) is configured in a hot gas mode in which the refrigerant fluid compressed by the compressor (101) and passes through the high-pressure heat exchanger (4), the first expansion device (102) where the refrigerant fluid undergoes a minimal pressure loss and the first bi-fluid heat exchanger (8), and in which, within the heat transfer fluid circuit, the heat transfer fluid is driven by the first pump (3) and circulates successively in the high-pressure heat exchanger (4), the first air heat exchanger (5) crossed by an air flow, the first air heat exchanger (5) and the second air heat exchanger (5) and the third ... bypass (21), the third bypass line (23), the first dual-fluid heat exchanger (8) and the second bypass line (22) before joining the high-pressure heat exchanger (4).

8. Thermal management device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the heat transfer fluid circuit comprises: - a fourth bypass line (24) connecting the heat transfer fluid outlet of the high pressure heat exchanger (4) to the heat transfer fluid inlet of the high pressure heat exchanger (4), said fourth bypass line (24) comprising a radiator (10), - a third redirection device (43) configured to redirect the heat transfer fluid leaving the high pressure heat exchanger (4) to the first air heat exchanger (5) or to the fourth bypass pipe (24).

9. Thermal management device according to the preceding claim, characterized in that it is configured to operate in a sixth operating mode in which the cooling circuit (X) is configured in a hot gas mode in which the refrigerant is compressed by the compressor (101) and passes through the high-pressure heat exchanger (4), and in which, within the heat transfer fluid circuit, the heat transfer fluid is driven by the first pump (3) and circulates successively in the high-pressure heat exchanger (4) and the fourth bypass pipe (24), in which the heat transfer fluid passes through the radiator (10) before joining the first pump (3).

10. Thermal management device according to any one of claims 8 or 9, characterized in that it is configured to operate in a seventh operating mode in which the cooling circuit (X) is configured in an operating mode in which the refrigerant is compressed by the compressor (101) and passes through the high-pressure heat exchanger (4), the first expansion device (102) where the refrigerant undergoes a pressure loss and the first bi-fluid heat exchanger (8), and in which, within the heat transfer fluid circuit, the heat transfer fluid is driven by the first pump (3) and circulates successively in the high-pressure heat exchanger (4) and the fourth bypass line (24), in which the heat transfer fluid passes through the radiator (10) before joining the high-pressure heat exchanger (4), and in which, independently and simultaneously,the heat transfer fluid circulates in the second loop (B).,

11. Thermal management device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cooling circuit (X) further comprises, connected in parallel to the first dual-fluid heat exchanger (8), a second dual-fluid heat exchanger (12) arranged jointly on the heat transfer fluid circuit, the cooling circuit (X) comprising a second expansion device (103) arranged upstream of the second dual-fluid heat exchanger (12), the heat transfer fluid circuit comprises: - a third loop (C) a third pump (11) and comprising, in the direction of circulation heat transfer fluid, the second two-fluid heat exchanger (12) and a second air heat exchanger (13), - a fifth bypass pipe (25) connecting the heat transfer fluid outlet of the radiator (10) to the heat transfer fluid inlet of the second two-fluid heat exchanger (12), - a sixth bypass pipe (26) connecting the heat transfer fluid outlet of the second two-fluid heat exchanger (12) to the heat transfer fluid inlet of the radiator (10), - a fourth redirection device (44) configured to redirect the heat transfer fluid leaving the second two-fluid heat exchanger (12) to the second air heat exchanger (13) or to the sixth bypass pipe (26).

12. Thermal management device according to the preceding claim, characterized in that it is configured to operate in an eighth operating mode in which the cooling circuit (X) is configured in an operating mode in which the refrigerant is compressed by the compressor (101) and passes through the high-pressure heat exchanger (4), the second expansion device (103) where the refrigerant undergoes a pressure loss and the second bi-fluid heat exchanger (12), and in which, within the heat transfer fluid circuit, the heat transfer fluid is driven by the first pump (3) and circulates successively in the high-pressure heat exchanger (4), the fourth bypass line (24) in which the heat transfer fluid passes through the radiator (10) before joining the high-pressure heat exchanger (4), and in which, independently and simultaneously,the heat transfer fluid circulates in the third loop (C).,

13. Thermal management device according to any one of claims 11 or 12, characterized in that it is configured to operate in a ninth operating mode in which the cooling circuit (X) is configured in an operating mode in which the refrigerant is compressed by the compressor (101) and passes through the high-pressure heat exchanger (4), the second expansion device (103) where the refrigerant undergoes a pressure loss and the second bi-fluid heat exchanger (12), and in which, within the heat transfer fluid circuit, the heat transfer fluid circulates in the first loop (A), and in which, independently and simultaneously, the heat transfer fluid, driven by the third pump (11), circulates successively in the second bi-fluid heat exchanger (12), the sixth bypass pipe (26),the radiator (10) and the fifth bypass line (25 before joining the second two-fluid heat exchanger (12).,

14. Thermal management device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the heat transfer fluid circuit comprises: - a seventh bypass pipe (27) connecting the heat transfer fluid outlet of the radiator (10) to the heat transfer fluid inlet of the radiator (10), said seventh bypass pipe (27) comprising a heat exchanger with the electrical power chain (15) of the motor vehicle.

15. Thermal management device according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the heat transfer fluid circuit further comprises: - an eighth bypass line (28) connecting the heat transfer fluid outlet of the heat exchanger with the electric power chain (15) to the heat transfer fluid inlet of the heat exchanger with the batteries (7), - a fifth redirection device (45) configured to redirect the heat transfer fluid leaving the heat exchanger with the electric power chain (15) to the heat exchanger with the batteries (7) or to the eighth bypass pipe (28), - a ninth bypass line (29) connecting the heat transfer fluid outlet of the first two-fluid heat exchanger (8) to the heat transfer fluid inlet of the heat exchanger with the electrical power chain (15), the seventh bypass line (27) further comprising a fourth pump (24) arranged upstream or downstream of the heat exchanger with the electrical power chain (15) between the eighth (28) and ninth (29) bypass lines.

16. Thermal management device according to the preceding claim, characterized in that it is configured to operate in a tenth operating mode in which the cooling circuit (X) is not functional and in which, within the heat transfer fluid circuit, the heat transfer fluid is driven by the fourth pump (14) and circulates only between the heat exchanger with the electric power chain (15) and the radiator (10) within the seventh (27) and fourth (24) bypass pipe.

17. Thermal management device according to any one of claims 15 or 16, characterized in that it is configured to operate in an eleventh operating mode in which the cooling circuit (X) is configured in an operating mode in which the refrigerant is compressed by the compressor (101) passes through the high-pressure heat exchanger (4), the first expansion device (102) where the refrigerant undergoes a minimal pressure loss and the first bi-fluid heat exchanger (8), and in which, within the heat transfer fluid circuit, a first portion of heat transfer fluid is driven by the first pump (3) and circulates successively in the high-pressure heat exchanger (4) and the fourth bypass pipe (24) to reach the heat transfer fluid inlet of the radiator (10),a second portion of heat transfer fluid being driven by the fourth pump (14) so as to circulate in the seventh bypass pipe (27), pass through the heat exchanger with the electric power chain (15) and join the heat transfer fluid inlet of the radiator (10), at the outlet of the radiator (10) a first portion of the heat transfer fluid joins the high pressure heat exchanger (4) via the fourth bypass pipe (24) and a second portion of the heat transfer fluid joins the seventh bypass pipe (27) upstream of the heat exchanger with the electric power chain (15), and in which, independently and simultaneously, the heat transfer fluid circulates in the second loop (B).

18. Thermal management device according to any one of claims 14 to 17, characterized in that it is configured to operate in a twelfth operating mode in which the cooling circuit (X) is not functional, and in which, within the heat transfer fluid circuit, the heat transfer fluid, driven by at least one of the second pump (6) and the fourth pump (14), circulates in a loop in the ninth bypass pipe (29) to join the seventh bypass pipe (27) and pass through the heat exchanger with the electric power chain (15), the heat transfer fluid then passes through the eighth bypass pipe (28), passes through the heat exchanger with the batteries (7), passively passes through the first two-fluid heat exchanger (8) to then join the ninth bypass pipe (29).

19. A thermal management device according to any one of claims 14 to 18 in combination with claim 6, characterized in that it is configured to operate in a thirteenth operating mode in which the cooling circuit (X) is configured in an operating mode in which the refrigerant is compressed by the compressor (101) and passes through the high-pressure heat exchanger (4), the first expansion device (102) where the refrigerant undergoes minimal pressure loss and the first dual-fluid heat exchanger (8), and in which, within the heat transfer fluid circuit, the heat transfer fluid, driven by at least one of the second pump (6) and the fourth pump (14), passes through the ninth bypass pipe (29) to join the seventh bypass pipe (27) and pass through the heat exchanger with the electrical power chain (15),the heat transfer fluid then passes through the eighth bypass pipe (28), passes through the third bypass branch (23), passes through the first two-fluid heat exchanger (8) to then reach the ninth bypass pipe (29), and in which, independently and simultaneously, the heat transfer fluid circulates in the first loop (A).,

20. Thermal management device according to any one of claims 14 to 19, characterized in that it is configured to operate in a fourteenth operating mode in which the cooling circuit (X) is configured in an operating mode in which the refrigerant is compressed by the compressor (101) and passes through the high-pressure heat exchanger (4), the first expansion device (102) where the refrigerant undergoes minimal pressure loss and the first dual-fluid heat exchanger (8), and in which, within the heat transfer fluid circuit, the heat transfer fluid, driven by at least one of the second pump (6) and the fourth pump (14), passes through the ninth bypass pipe (29) to join the seventh bypass pipe (27) and pass through the heat exchanger with the electrical power chain (15), the heat transfer fluid then passes through the eighth bypass pipe (28),passes through the heat exchanger with the batteries (7), passes through the first two-fluid heat exchanger (8) to then join the, ninth bypass line (29), and in which, independently and simultaneously, the heat transfer fluid circulates in the first loop (A).

21. Thermal management device according to any one of claims 14 to 20, characterized in that it is configured to operate in a fifteenth operating mode in which the cooling circuit (X) is configured in an operating mode in which the refrigerant is compressed by the compressor (101) and passes through the high-pressure heat exchanger (4), the second expansion device (103) where the refrigerant undergoes a minimal pressure loss and the second bi-fluid heat exchanger (12), and in which, within the heat transfer fluid circuit, a first portion of heat transfer fluid is driven by the first pump (3) and circulates successively in the high-pressure heat exchanger (4) and the fourth bypass pipe (24) to reach the heat transfer fluid inlet of the radiator (10),a second portion of heat transfer fluid being driven by the fourth pump (14) so as to circulate in the seventh bypass pipe (27), pass through the heat exchanger with the electric power chain (15) and join the heat transfer fluid inlet of the radiator (10), at the outlet of the radiator (10) a first part of the heat transfer fluid joins the high pressure heat exchanger (4) via the fourth bypass pipe (24) and a second part of the heat transfer fluid joins the seventh bypass pipe (27) upstream of passing through the heat exchanger with the electric power chain (15), and in which, independently and simultaneously, the heat transfer fluid circulates in the third loop (C).,

22. A thermal management device according to any one of claims 14 to 21, characterized in that it is configured to operate in a sixteenth operating mode in which the cooling circuit (X) is configured in an operating mode in which the refrigerant is compressed by the compressor (101) and passes through the high-pressure heat exchanger (4), the second expansion device (103) where the refrigerant undergoes minimal pressure loss and the second dual-fluid heat exchanger (12), in which the refrigerant does not circulate in the first dual-fluid heat exchanger (8), and in which, within the heat transfer fluid circuit, the heat transfer fluid, driven by at least one of the second pump (6) and the fourth pump (14),passes through the ninth bypass line (29) to join the seventh bypass line (27) and pass through the heat exchanger with the electric power chain (15), the heat transfer fluid then passes through the eighth bypass line (28), passes through the heat exchanger with the batteries (7), passes through the first two-fluid heat exchanger (8) passively to then join the ninth bypass line (29), and in which, independently and simultaneously, the heat transfer fluid circulates in the first loop (A), and in which, independently and simultaneously, the heat transfer fluid, driven by the third pump (11), circulates successively in the second two-fluid heat exchanger (12), the sixth bypass pipe (26), the radiator (10), the fifth bypass pipe (25) before joining the second two-fluid heat exchanger (12).

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