Automatic EDFA signal power control method and apparatus based on real-time ASE compensation

Abstract

The present invention provides an automatic EDFA signal power control method and apparatus based on real-time ASE compensation. Target output signal power is set; when input optical power fluctuates, a real-time gain is obtained on the basis of the target output signal power and real-time input optical power; corresponding ASE power is obtained by means of the real-time gain, and the target output signal power and the ASE power are added to obtain expected total output power; and when current real-time total output power is adjusted to be the expected total output power, it can be ensured that output signal power in the real-time total output power is locked as the target output signal power while the current ASE power is compatible, thereby ensuring that the output signal power of a fiber amplifier is not affected by the fluctuations of the input optical power.

Description

A method and device for automatic signal power control of EDFA with real-time ASE compensation

[0001] CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0002] This application claims priority from the following patent applications:

[0003] (1) A Chinese patent application entitled “A method and device for automatic signal power control of EDFA with real-time ASE compensation” was submitted to the Chinese Patent Office on January 24, 2024 with application number 202410097478.4. Technical Field

[0004] The present invention relates to the technical field of optical communications, and in particular to a method and device for automatic signal power control of an EDFA with real-time ASE compensation. Background Art

[0005] Erbium-doped fiber amplifiers (EDFAs) have greatly accelerated the development of optical communications. They have the advantages of being transparent to data formats and rates, having high gain and low noise, not requiring electrical regeneration repeaters, and having a large gain bandwidth.

[0006] Based on their application scenarios, EDFAs primarily fall into three categories: booster amplifiers (BAs), pre-amplifiers (PAs), and in-line amplifiers (LAs). BAs are used at the end of optical transmitters, such as after a wavelength division multiplexer (WDM), to boost transmitted optical power. PAs are used at the front end of receivers to improve receiver sensitivity. LAs are used mid-range in optical lines to relay and amplify optical power.

[0007] There are three main control methods for EDFAs: Automatic Gain Control (AGC), Automatic Power Control (APC), and Automatic Current Control (ACC). The AGC mode works by detecting the input and output optical powers and combining them with the amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) calibration parameters to calculate the current output signal gain. By comparing the deviation between the target gain and the current gain, the pump current is adjusted to achieve target gain lock. The APC mode works by detecting the output optical power and comparing the deviation between the target output signal power and the real-time output power, and the output optical power is locked by adjusting the pump current. The ACC mode works by using a fixed current to drive the pump laser.

[0008] Among the three current EDFA control methods, AGC mode is the main operating mode, which amplifies the corresponding gain according to the attenuation of optical power in the optical fiber network and can meet most application scenarios; APC limits the total optical power and is mainly used to solve laser safety issues. For example, the optical power is automatically reduced when there is no input light; ACC mode is mainly used to debug and verify the optical path connectivity and indicators of the EDFA module.

[0009] In optical network configuration, due to the varying noise figures and gain ranges of various EDFA types, and the fact that optical transceivers at the receiving end have specific optimal receive power ranges, users must configure the gain of each amplifier and the attenuation of the VOA to achieve optimal bit error rate performance. This places higher demands on optical network configuration and customized EDFA modules. The AGC, APC, and ACC operating modes, based on the basic functionality of the EDFA, do not consider the need to lock the output signal optical power in the optical network. By dynamically adjusting the EDFA gain, the output signal optical power is always within the optimal receive power range of the optical transceiver, effectively simplifying optical network configuration.

[0010] In the prior art, in order to avoid the situation where the output optical power changes synchronously due to the jitter of the input optical power, the output optical power is usually locked directly to prevent the output optical power from changing with the input optical power. However, simply locking the entire output optical power will bring certain problems. Although the size of the entire output optical power is locked, the ASE power will still change during the entire process. This will cause the output signal power to change synchronously with the change of ASE, resulting in the signal quality of the output signal power being affected.

[0011] In view of this, overcoming the defects of the prior art is an urgent problem to be solved in this technical field.

[0012] Application Contents

[0013] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is how to prevent the output signal power from being affected when the input optical power jitters.

[0014] In a first aspect, a method for automatic signal power control of an EDFA with real-time ASE compensation is provided, comprising:

[0015] Set the target output signal power;

[0016] When the input optical power jitters, a real-time gain is obtained according to the target output signal power and the real-time input optical power;

[0017] Obtaining real-time ASE power according to the real-time gain, and obtaining a current expected total output power according to the target output signal power and the real-time ASE power;

[0018] The real-time total output power is obtained, the real-time total output power is compared with the expected total output power to obtain an output deviation, and the real-time total output power is compensated according to the output deviation to ensure that the real-time total output power is within a preset power receiving range.

[0019] Preferably, when the input optical power jitters, obtaining the real-time gain according to the target output signal power and the real-time input optical power specifically includes:

[0020] The difference between the gains of two input optical signals within a preset time interval is used as a gain deviation;

[0021] When the gain deviation value is greater than the preset accuracy threshold value, the input optical power jitters;

[0022] A difference between the target output signal power and the real-time input optical power is obtained, and the difference is constrained to be between a maximum gain value and a minimum gain value corresponding to the optical fiber amplifier; when the difference is less than or equal to the maximum gain value and greater than or equal to the minimum gain value, the difference is used as the real-time gain; when the difference is greater than the maximum gain value, the maximum gain value is used as the real-time gain; and when the difference is less than the minimum gain value, the minimum gain value is used as the real-time gain.

[0023] Preferably, obtaining the real-time ASE power according to the real-time gain specifically includes:

[0024] The real-time ASE power is obtained according to the real-time gain and the corresponding ASE calibration parameter, and the corresponding formula is as follows: ASE_mw=ASE_k*dB2mw(ASPC_Gain)+ASE_b; dB2mw(ASPC_Gain)=10^(ASPC_Gain / 10);

[0025] Wherein, ASPC_Gain is the real-time gain, ASE_mw is the real-time ASE power corresponding to the real-time gain, ASE_k and ASE_b are the ASE calibration parameters, and dB2mw is a formula for converting ASE power in dB to ASE power in mw.

[0026] Preferably, obtaining the current expected total output power according to the target output signal power and the real-time ASE power specifically includes:

[0027] Convert the measurement unit of the ASE power, add the converted ASE power and the target output signal power to obtain the current expected total output power. The corresponding formula is as follows: exp_pwr_mw = dB2mw(ASPC_Set_pwr) + ASE_mw; dB2mw(ASPC_Set_pwr) = 10^(ASPC_Set_pwr / 10);

[0028] Wherein, exp_pwr_mw is the expected total output power, ASPC_Set_pwr is the target output signal power, and dB2mw is a formula for converting ASE power in dB to ASE power in mW.

[0029] Preferably, acquiring the real-time total output power, comparing the real-time total output power with the expected total output power to obtain an output deviation, and compensating the real-time total output power according to the output deviation to ensure that the real-time total output power is within a preset power receiving range, specifically includes:

[0030] Obtaining the real-time total output power, converting the unit of measurement of the real-time total output power, taking the difference between the real-time total output power after the unit conversion and the expected total output power to obtain the output deviation, and adjusting the pump driving current according to the output deviation to change the current real-time total output power to ensure that the current real-time total output power is within the preset power receiving range;

[0031] The corresponding formula is as follows: pid_delta = exp_pwr_mw - dB2mw(Output_pwr); dB2mw(Output_pwr) = 10^(Output_pwr / 10);

[0032] Wherein, pid_delta is the output deviation, output_pwr is the real-time total output power, and dB2mw is a formula for converting ASE power in dB to ASE power in mW.

[0033] Preferably, the step of adjusting the pump driving current according to the output deviation further includes:

[0034] Obtaining a variation range of the expected total output power;

[0035] When the expected total output power is at a maximum value, adjusting the PID reference parameters pid_p, pid_i, and pid_d so that the steady-state performance and dynamic performance of the current state are optimized;

[0036] When the desired total output power is at a minimum value, adjusting the power scaling factor ratio_p in the PID so that the steady-state performance and dynamic performance of the current state are optimized;

[0037] The variation range of the expected total output power is traversed to confirm that the current PID parameters meet the steady-state performance and dynamic performance requirements.

[0038] Preferably, the real-time ASE-compensated EDFA automatic signal power control method further includes:

[0039] Obtaining a VOA reference attenuation value and a VOA compensation attenuation value, and summing the VOA reference attenuation value and the VOA compensation attenuation value to obtain a VOA target attenuation;

[0040] The input optical power before passing through the VOA and the output optical power after passing through the VOA are obtained, and a real-time attenuation value is obtained based on the input optical power before passing through the VOA and the output optical power after passing through the VOA. The digital-to-analog conversion signal of the VOA is adjusted to ensure that the real-time attenuation value is the target attenuation of the VOA.

[0041] Preferably, obtaining a VOA reference attenuation value and a VOA compensation attenuation value, and summing the VOA reference attenuation value and the VOA compensation attenuation value to obtain a VOA target attenuation specifically includes:

[0042] The VOA reference attenuation value is obtained by the real-time gain and the maximum gain corresponding to the gain flattening filter, and the corresponding formula is as follows: voa_base=Gain_max-ASPC_Gain;

[0043] Wherein, voa_base is the VOA base attenuation value, Gain_max is the maximum gain value corresponding to the gain flattening filter, and ASPC_Gain is the real-time gain value;

[0044] Wherein, voa_comp is the VOA compensation attenuation value, casetemp is the module case temperature, casetemp_thr is the module case temperature threshold, gainmax is the maximum set gain, gainset is the set gain value, GTset is the set gain slope value, outputPwrmax is the maximum output optical power of the module, inputPwr is the input optical power, K1, K2, K3, K4, and B are all VOA attenuation compensation parameters;

[0045] The VOA target attenuation is obtained by summing the VOA base attenuation value and the VOA compensation attenuation value. The corresponding formula is as follows: exp_voa_att=voa_base+voa_comp;

[0046] Where exp_voa_att is the target attenuation of VOA.

[0047] In a second aspect, a real-time ASE-compensated EDFA automatic signal power control device is provided, which is used to apply the real-time ASE-compensated EDFA automatic signal power control method, including: an input detection module, an output detection module, a real-time gain calculation module, an ASE calibration module, an expected output total power calculation module, a pump feedback module, and a pump driving module, wherein:

[0048] The input detection module, real-time gain calculation module, ASE calibration module, expected output total power calculation module, pump feedback module and pump driving module are connected in sequence, and the output detection module is connected to the pump feedback module;

[0049] The input detection module is used to obtain the sampling data of the current input optical power and provide the sampling data of the input optical power to the real-time gain calculation module; the real-time gain calculation module is used to obtain the real-time gain according to the target output signal power and the real-time input optical power; the ASE calibration module is used to obtain the real-time ASE power according to the real-time gain; the expected total output power calculation module is used to obtain the current expected total output power according to the target output signal power and the real-time ASE power; the output detection module is used to obtain the sampling data of the real-time total output power and provide the sampling data of the real-time total output power to the pump feedback module; the pump feedback module is used to compare the real-time total output power with the expected total output power to obtain the output deviation; the pump driving module is used to compensate the real-time total output power according to the output deviation to ensure that the real-time total output power is within the preset power receiving range.

[0050] Preferably, the real-time ASE-compensated EDFA automatic signal power control device further comprises: a VOA target attenuation calculation module, a VOA feedback control module, a VOA driving module, a VOA input detection module, and a VOA output detection module, wherein:

[0051] The VOA target attenuation calculation module is connected to the real-time gain calculation module, the VOA target attenuation calculation module, the VOA feedback control module and the VOA driving module are connected in sequence, the VOA input detection module is connected to the VOA feedback control module, and the VOA output detection module is connected to the VOA feedback control module;

[0052] The VOA target attenuation calculation module is used to obtain a VOA reference attenuation value and a VOA compensation attenuation value, and sum the VOA reference attenuation value and the VOA compensation attenuation value to obtain the VOA target attenuation; the VOA input detection module is used to obtain sampling data of the input optical power before passing through the VOA, and provide the sampling data of the input optical power before passing through the VOA to the VOA feedback control module; the VOA output detection module is used to obtain sampling data of the output optical power after passing through the VOA, and provide the sampling data of the output optical power after passing through the VOA to the VOA feedback control module; the VOA feedback control module is used to obtain a real-time attenuation value based on the input optical power before passing through the VOA and the output optical power after passing through the VOA, and lock the real-time attenuation value to the VOA target attenuation through closed-loop control; the VOA driving module is used to drive the corresponding VOA device according to the VOA feedback control module.

[0053] The present invention provides an EDFA automatic signal power control method and device with real-time ASE compensation. The method sets a target output signal power. When the input optical power fluctuates, a real-time gain is obtained based on the target output signal power and the real-time input optical power. The corresponding ASE power is obtained through the real-time gain. The target output signal power and the ASE power are added to obtain the expected total output power. After the current real-time total output power is adjusted to the expected total output power, the output signal power within the entire real-time total output power is locked to the target output signal power while being compatible with the current ASE power. This ensures that the output signal power of the optical fiber amplifier is not affected by fluctuations in the input optical power. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0054] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can also derive other drawings based on these drawings without inventive effort.

[0055] 1 is a method flow chart of a method for automatic signal power control of an EDFA with real-time ASE compensation provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0056] 2 is a flow chart of a method for obtaining real-time gain in a method for automatic signal power control of an EDFA with real-time ASE compensation provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0057] 3 is a flow chart of a method for obtaining a VOA target gain in a method for automatic signal power control of an EDFA with real-time ASE compensation according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0058] 4 is a flow chart of a method for calibrating VOA attenuation compensation parameters of an EDFA automatic signal power control method with real-time ASE compensation according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0059] 5 is a schematic block diagram of an EDFA automatic signal power control device with real-time ASE compensation provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0060] FIG6 is a schematic block diagram of another EDFA automatic signal power control device with real-time ASE compensation provided by an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0061] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0062] In the description of the present invention, the terms "inside", "outside", "longitudinal", "lateral", "upper", "lower", "top", "bottom", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and do not require that the present invention must be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be understood as limitations on the present invention.

[0063] The terms "first," "second," etc., used in this application are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of the technical features being referred to. Thus, a feature identified with "first," "second," etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. Throughout this application, unless otherwise specified, "plurality" means two or more.

[0064] In this application, unless otherwise specified or limited, the term "connection" should be understood broadly. For example, "connection" can mean fixed connection, detachable connection, or integration; it can mean direct connection or indirect connection through an intermediate medium. In addition, the term "coupling" can refer to the manner in which electrical connection is achieved for signal transmission.

[0065] In addition, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0066] Embodiment 1:

[0067] An embodiment of the present invention provides an EDFA automatic signal power control method with real-time ASE compensation, as shown in FIG1 . The method flow includes:

[0068] In step 101, the target output signal power is set.

[0069] The application scenario of this embodiment is as follows: when an optical fiber amplifier inputs and outputs optical power, the output optical power includes ASE power and output signal power, wherein the ASE power is a noise signal and is not required in this embodiment, while the output signal power is a key signal that needs to ensure transmission quality. However, when the optical power is actually input and output in the optical fiber amplifier, the input optical power may fluctuate, thereby affecting the synchronous change of the final output optical power. In the prior art, in order to avoid the synchronous change of the output optical power, the output optical power is usually directly locked to prevent the output optical power from changing with the input optical power. However, simply locking the entire output optical power will cause certain problems. Although the magnitude of the entire output optical power is locked, the ASE power will still change during the entire process. This will cause the output signal power to change synchronously with the change of ASE, resulting in affected signal quality of the output signal power. In addition, for the corresponding optical transceiver module, it is usually necessary to ensure that the output signal power is stable within the optimal power receiving range of the corresponding optical transceiver module. When the output signal power is affected and changes, the output signal power may not fall within the optimal power receiving range of the optical transceiver module.

[0070] Therefore, in this embodiment, the output signal power is locked, that is, the target output signal power, wherein the target output signal power can be set with reference to the optimal power receiving range of the optical transceiver module; when the output signal power is locked, even if the input optical power fluctuates, it will not affect the output signal power part. The implementation method is as follows:

[0071] In step 102, when the input optical power jitters, a real-time gain is obtained according to the target output signal power and the real-time input optical power.

[0072] In step 103, the real-time ASE power is obtained according to the real-time gain, and the current expected total output power is obtained according to the target output signal power and the real-time ASE power.

[0073] In step 104, the real-time total output power is obtained, the real-time total output power is compared with the expected total output power to obtain an output deviation, and the real-time total output power is compensated according to the output deviation to ensure that the real-time total output power is within a preset power receiving range.

[0074] In this embodiment, since the current real-time gain has been determined, the corresponding ASE power can be obtained through the real-time gain. Since the output signal power needs to be fixed to the target output signal power, the expected total output power is obtained by adding the target output signal power and the ASE power. After the current real-time total output power is adjusted to the expected total output power, it is possible to ensure that the output signal power in the entire real-time total output power is the target output signal power while being compatible with the current ASE power. This ensures that the output signal power of the optical fiber amplifier is not affected by fluctuations in the input optical power, thereby improving the flexibility of the optical network and simplifying the configuration scheme of the optical network.

[0075] In this embodiment, the method for determining whether the input optical power jitter occurs and obtaining the real-time gain is as follows:

[0076] When the input optical power jitters, a real-time gain is obtained according to the target output signal power and the real-time input optical power, as shown in FIG2 . The method flow includes:

[0077] In step 201, the difference between the gains of two input optical signals within a preset time interval is used as a gain deviation.

[0078] The preset time interval is set by those skilled in the art according to actual conditions. The gains of the two input optical signals within the preset time interval are: the input optical signals detected twice within the preset time interval, and the corresponding gains are obtained based on the two input optical signals.

[0079] In step 202, when the gain deviation value is greater than a preset accuracy threshold value, the input optical power jitters.

[0080] In this embodiment, the preset accuracy threshold is set by those skilled in the art according to actual conditions. It should be noted that, in this embodiment, when the target output optical power is manually adjusted, the input optical power will also fluctuate. However, since the adjustment of the target output optical power is a subjective human action, it is meaningless to calculate the real-time gain at this time.

[0081] In step 203, the difference between the target output signal power and the real-time input optical power is obtained, and the difference is constrained between the maximum gain value and the minimum gain value corresponding to the optical fiber amplifier to obtain the real-time gain.

[0082] Among them, when the difference is less than or equal to the maximum gain value and greater than or equal to the minimum gain value, the difference is used as the real-time gain; when the difference is greater than the maximum gain value, the maximum gain value is used as the real-time gain; when the difference is less than the minimum gain value, the minimum gain value is used as the real-time gain.

[0083] The corresponding calculation formula is as follows: ASPC_Gain=(ASPC_Set_pwr-Input_pwr)∈[Gain_min, Gain_max];

[0084] Among them, ASPC_Gain is the real-time gain, and the deviation between the current calculated real-time gain and the previous calculated real-time gain is used as ASPC_Set_pwr is the target output signal power, Gain_min and Gain_max are the minimum and maximum gain values ​​of the EDFA module, respectively, and adjust_thr is the preset accuracy threshold. When input optical power jitter causes the gain deviation to exceed the preset accuracy threshold, the current real-time gain is updated and remains between the module's minimum and maximum gain values. Conversely, when the set target output signal power needs to be changed, the gain also changes, ultimately affecting the output optical power. Changes in the target output signal power also cause changes in the gain deviation. When the gain deviation exceeds the preset accuracy threshold, the current real-time gain is updated and remains between the module's minimum and maximum gain values.

[0085] In this embodiment, an input detector is provided at the input end of the optical power, which is used to receive and obtain sampling data of the input optical power, and update the sampling data of the input optical power in a first-in-first-out order. The detected sampling data of the input optical power is used to calculate the real-time gain.

[0086] In this embodiment, after obtaining the real-time gain, the real-time ASE power in the current total output power can be obtained according to the real-time gain, as follows:

[0087] The real-time ASE power is obtained according to the real-time gain and the corresponding ASE calibration parameter, and the corresponding formula is as follows: ASE_mw=ASE_k*dB2mw(ASPC_Gain)+ASE_b; dB2mw(ASPC_Gain)=10^(ASPC_Gain / 10);

[0088] Wherein, ASPC_Gain is the real-time gain, ASE_mw is the real-time ASE power corresponding to the real-time gain, ASE_k and ASE_b are the ASE calibration parameters, and dB2mw is a formula for converting ASE power in dB to ASE power in mw.

[0089] The obtaining of the current expected total output power according to the target output signal power and the real-time ASE power specifically includes:

[0090] Convert the measurement unit of the ASE power, add the converted ASE power and the target output signal power to obtain the current expected total output power. The corresponding formula is as follows: exp_pwr_mw = dB2mw(ASPC_Set_pwr) + ASE_mw; dB2mw(ASPC_Set_pwr) = 10^(ASPC_Set_pwr / 10);

[0091] Wherein, exp_pwr_mw is the expected total output power, ASPC_Set_pwr is the target output signal power, and dB2mw is a formula for converting ASE power in dB to ASE power in mW.

[0092] After obtaining the expected total output power, the current real-time total output power can be compared with the expected total output power, and the current real-time total output power can be adjusted to the expected total output power to ensure that the output signal power in the actual total output power remains unchanged. Therefore, this embodiment also involves the following design:

[0093] The acquiring of the real-time total output power, comparing the real-time total output power with the expected total output power to obtain an output deviation, and compensating the real-time total output power according to the output deviation to ensure that the real-time total output power is within a preset power receiving range specifically includes:

[0094] The real-time total output power is obtained, and the unit of measurement of the real-time total output power is converted. The difference between the real-time total output power after the unit conversion and the expected total output power is taken to obtain the output deviation. The pump drive current is adjusted according to the output deviation to change the current real-time total output power to ensure that the current real-time total output power is within the preset power receiving range.

[0095] The corresponding formula is as follows: pid_delta = exp_pwr_mw - dB2mw(Output_pwr); dB2mw(Output_pwr) = 10^(Output_pwr / 10);

[0096] Wherein, pid_delta is the output deviation, output_pwr is the real-time total output power, and dB2mw is a formula for converting ASE power in dB to ASE power in mW.

[0097] In this embodiment, based on the deviation between the set expected total output power and the real-time total output power, a PID closed-loop control method is used to lock the original real-time total output power to the expected total output power. The actual operation can be to increase or decrease the input optical power by driving the pump laser, and lock the final real-time total output power to the expected total output power, thereby adjusting the signal gain of the erbium-doped optical fiber.

[0098] The pump driving current is adjusted according to the output deviation, thereby improving the stability under the condition of the desired total output power.

[0099] Obtain a variation range of the expected total output power; when the expected total output power is at a maximum value, adjust the PID reference parameters pid_p, pid_i, and pid_d so that the steady-state performance and dynamic performance of the current state are optimized; when the expected total output power is at a minimum value, adjust the power scaling factor ratio_p in the PID so that the steady-state performance and dynamic performance of the current state are optimized; traverse the variation range of the expected total output power to confirm that the current PID parameters meet the steady-state performance and dynamic performance requirements.

[0100] In this embodiment, considering that the quality of the wavelength in the optical communication system is also related to the corresponding gain slope of the optical fiber amplifier, in this embodiment, when the gain slope of the optical fiber amplifier is in a flat state, the signal quality of the corresponding wavelength can be improved. In this embodiment, the VOA attenuation of the optical fiber amplifier gain value can be compensated and adjusted to adjust the gain slope of the optical fiber amplifier accordingly. Therefore, this embodiment also involves the following design, as shown in FIG3 , the method flow includes:

[0101] In step 301, a VOA reference attenuation value and a VOA compensation attenuation value are obtained.

[0102] In step 302, the VOA reference attenuation value and the VOA compensation attenuation value are summed to obtain a VOA target attenuation.

[0103] In step 303, the input optical power before passing through the VOA and the output optical power after passing through the VOA are obtained, and a real-time attenuation value is obtained based on the input optical power before passing through the VOA and the output optical power after passing through the VOA. By adjusting the digital-to-analog conversion signal of the VOA, the real-time attenuation value is ensured to be the target attenuation of the VOA.

[0104] After obtaining the VOA target attenuation, the real-time attenuation is adjusted to the target attenuation by adjusting the VOA's digital-to-analog conversion. Specifically, if the real-time attenuation is smaller than the target attenuation, the DAC value is increased if the VOA is bright, and the DAC value is decreased if the VOA is dark. If the real-time attenuation is larger than the target attenuation, the DAC value is decreased if the VOA is bright, and the DAC value is decreased if the VOA is dark.

[0105] The obtaining of a VOA reference attenuation value and a VOA compensation attenuation value, and summing the VOA reference attenuation value and the VOA compensation attenuation value to obtain a VOA target attenuation specifically includes:

[0106] The VOA reference attenuation value is obtained by the real-time gain and the maximum gain corresponding to the gain flattening filter, and the corresponding formula is as follows: voa_base=Gain_max-ASPC_Gain;

[0107] Wherein, voa_base is the VOA base attenuation value, Gain_max is the maximum gain value corresponding to the gain flattening filter, and ASPC_Gain is the real-time gain value.

[0108] Wherein, voa_comp is the VOA compensation attenuation value, casetemp is the module case temperature, casetemp_thr is the module case temperature threshold, gainmax is the maximum set gain, gainset is the set gain value, GTset is the set gain slope value, outputPwrmax is the maximum output optical power of the module, inputPwr is the input optical power, and K1, K2, K3, K4, and B are all VOA attenuation compensation parameters.

[0109] The maximum set gain is the maximum value of the gain range of the optical fiber amplifier itself, the set gain value is a gain value set by the user, and the set gain value needs to be within the interval of the gain range of the optical fiber amplifier itself.

[0110] The VOA target attenuation is obtained by summing the VOA base attenuation value and the VOA compensation attenuation value. The corresponding formula is as follows: exp_voa_att=voa_base+voa_comp;

[0111] Where exp_voa_att is the target attenuation of VOA.

[0112] In this embodiment, as shown in FIG4 , the calibration method of the VOA attenuation compensation parameter is as follows:

[0113] In step 401, within the setting range of the gain slope, the spectrum analyzer observes that the decrease in the VOA attenuation value corresponding to each 1 dB increase in the gain slope is the K3 calibration.

[0114] In step 402, by traversing different gain setting values ​​within the setting range and their corresponding input optical powers, the VOA compensation amount required to achieve the target gain slope is recorded, and the linear regression of K2, K4 and B is completed.

[0115] In step 403, high temperature and low temperature conditions are respectively traversed within the allowable temperature range of the module housing, and the deviation of the gain slope under the high temperature and low temperature conditions is compensated respectively to complete K1 calibration.

[0116] On the other hand, in order to further prevent the problem of optical path instability caused by the jitter of the input optical power to the pump and VOA, this embodiment also involves VOA adjustment step size control. The method flow is as follows:

[0117] According to the obtained VOA target attenuation, the attenuation deviation between the VOA real-time attenuation and the VOA target attenuation is compared, and the VOA adjustment step size is dynamically adjusted. It should be noted that when the gap between the real-time attenuation value and the target attenuation value is large, a larger step size adjustment is required to achieve rapid convergence; when the gap between the real-time attenuation value and the target attenuation value is small, a smaller step size adjustment is required to avoid steady-state oscillation. The specific steps are as follows

[0118] In step 501, when the attenuation deviation value is greater than the high step threshold value, the target attenuation value is approached using a first preset step size, otherwise step 502 is executed;

[0119] In step 502, when the attenuation deviation value is greater than the medium step threshold value, the target attenuation value is approached using the second preset step size, otherwise step 503 is executed;

[0120] In step 503, when the attenuation deviation value is greater than the lower step threshold value, the target attenuation value is approached using a third preset step size, otherwise step 504 is executed;

[0121] In step 504, the target attenuation is approximated using the minimum step size and the minimum step value.

[0122] When the VOA adjustment cycle arrives, the VOA drive current is adjusted using the VOA adjustment step size to determine whether the error value of the VOA attenuation is less than the lock threshold. If the condition is met, the VOA enters the latched state; otherwise, the attenuation deviation value is updated to further approach the target attenuation. When the VOA enters the latched state, the VOA's driver DAC will latch and will not be affected by PD detection disturbances until the attenuation deviation is greater than the unlock threshold, at which point the latched state is exited. The first preset step size, the second preset step size, and the third preset step size are all set by those skilled in the art based on actual conditions, wherein the first preset step size is larger than the second preset step size, and the second preset step size is larger than the third preset step size.

[0123] It's important to note that after the real-time attenuation reaches the target attenuation, a latching threshold and unlocking logic are introduced to prevent misadjustments due to noise interference. Adjustments are made using the step value only when the deviation between the real-time attenuation and the target attenuation exceeds the unlocking threshold. Otherwise, the current VOA digital control conversion value is latched to ensure stability.

[0124] In summary, this method has the following advantages over the prior art:

[0125] 1. This embodiment dynamically compensates the ASE power value in the output optical power, so that the output signal power of the EDFA module is not affected by fluctuations in the input signal power and is always within the optimal power receiving range of the optical transceiver module, thereby improving the flexibility of the optical network and simplifying the configuration of the optical network.

[0126] 2. This embodiment dynamically adjusts the VOA attenuation by calculating the gain value in real time. Under the condition of ensuring that the output signal power is locked, the gain slope of the EDFA module can be kept flat, thereby improving the signal quality of multiple wavelengths in the multi-wavelength optical communication system.

[0127] 3. The present invention avoids the instability of the optical path of the pump and VOA caused by the jitter of the input optical power by setting the accuracy threshold of the EDFA module gain value and the variable step size and latch control of the VOA, thereby improving the stability of the system.

[0128] Example 2:

[0129] Embodiment 2 of the present invention provides an EDFA automatic signal power control device with real-time ASE compensation based on embodiment 1, which is used to apply the EDFA automatic signal power control method with real-time ASE compensation in embodiment 1. As shown in FIG5 , the device includes: an input detection module, an output detection module, a real-time gain calculation module, an ASE calibration module, an expected total output power calculation module, a pump feedback module, and a pump driving module, wherein:

[0130] The input detection module, real-time gain calculation module, ASE calibration module, expected output total power calculation module, pump feedback module and pump driving module are connected in sequence, and the output detection module is connected to the pump feedback module;

[0131] The input detection module is used to obtain the sampling data of the current input optical power and provide the sampling data of the input optical power to the real-time gain calculation module; the real-time gain calculation module is used to obtain the real-time gain according to the target output signal power and the real-time input optical power; the ASE calibration module is used to obtain the real-time ASE power according to the real-time gain; the expected total output power calculation module is used to obtain the current expected total output power according to the target output signal power and the real-time ASE power; the output detection module is used to obtain the sampling data of the real-time total output power and provide the sampling data of the real-time total output power to the pump feedback module; the pump feedback module is used to compare the real-time total output power with the expected total output power to obtain the output deviation; the pump driving module is used to compensate the real-time total output power according to the output deviation to ensure that the real-time total output power is within the preset power receiving range.

[0132] As shown in FIG6 , the EDFA automatic signal power control device with real-time ASE compensation further includes: a VOA target attenuation calculation module, a VOA feedback control module, a VOA driving module, a VOA input detection module, and a VOA output detection module, wherein:

[0133] The VOA target attenuation calculation module is connected to the real-time gain calculation module, the VOA target attenuation calculation module, the VOA feedback control module and the VOA driving module are connected in sequence, the VOA input detection module is connected to the VOA feedback control module, and the VOA output detection module is connected to the VOA feedback control module;

[0134] The VOA target attenuation calculation module is used to obtain a VOA reference attenuation value and a VOA compensation attenuation value, and sum the VOA reference attenuation value and the VOA compensation attenuation value to obtain the VOA target attenuation; the VOA input detection module is used to obtain sampling data of the input optical power before passing through the VOA, and provide the sampling data of the input optical power before passing through the VOA to the VOA feedback control module; the VOA output detection module is used to obtain sampling data of the output optical power after passing through the VOA, and provide the sampling data of the output optical power after passing through the VOA to the VOA feedback control module; the VOA feedback control module is used to obtain a real-time attenuation value based on the input optical power before passing through the VOA and the output optical power after passing through the VOA, and lock the real-time attenuation value to the VOA target attenuation through closed-loop control; the VOA driving module is used to drive the corresponding VOA device according to the VOA feedback control module.

[0135] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automatic signal power control method for an EDFA with real-time ASE compensation, characterized in that, Including: Setting the target output signal power; When the input optical power jitters, obtaining the real-time gain according to the target output signal power and the real-time input optical power; Obtaining the real-time ASE power according to the real-time gain, and obtaining the current expected total output power according to the target output signal power and the real-time ASE power; Obtaining the real-time total output power, comparing the real-time total output power with the expected total output power to obtain an output deviation, and compensating the real-time total output power according to the output deviation to ensure that the real-time total output power is within a preset power reception range.

2. The method for automatically controlling the signal power of an EDFA with real-time ASE compensation according to claim 1, wherein, The step of "when the input optical power jitters, obtaining the real-time gain according to the target output signal power and the real-time input optical power" specifically includes: Taking the difference between the gains of two input optical signals within a preset time interval as the gain deviation; When the gain deviation value is greater than a preset precision threshold value, the input optical power jitters; Obtaining the difference between the target output signal power and the real-time input optical power, and constraining the difference between the maximum gain value corresponding to the fiber amplifier and the minimum gain value corresponding to the fiber amplifier; when the difference is less than or equal to the maximum gain value and greater than or equal to the minimum gain value, taking the difference as the real-time gain; when the difference is greater than the maximum gain value, taking the maximum gain value as the real-time gain; when the difference is less than the minimum gain value, taking the minimum gain value as the real-time gain.

3. The real-time ASE compensation EDFA automatic signal power control method according to claim 2, characterized in that, When the difference is less than or equal to the maximum gain value and greater than or equal to the minimum gain value, taking the difference as the real-time gain; when the difference is greater than the maximum gain value, taking the maximum gain value as the real-time gain; When the difference is less than the minimum gain value, taking the minimum gain value as the real-time gain, specifically including: The corresponding calculation formula is as follows: ASPC_Gain = (ASPC_Set_pwr - Input_pwr) ∈ [Gain_min, Gain_max]; Among them, ASPC_Gain is the real-time gain, and the deviation between the currently calculated real-time gain and the previously calculated real-time gain is used as ASPC_Set_pwr is the target output signal power, Gain_min and Gain_max are respectively the minimum gain value and the maximum gain value of the EDFA module, and adjust_thr is the preset precision threshold.

4. The method for automatically controlling the signal power of an EDFA with real-time ASE compensation according to claim 3, characterized in that, When the input optical power jitters, causing the gain deviation to be greater than the preset precision threshold value, updating the current real-time gain, and the gain value is between the minimum gain value and the maximum gain value of the module.

5. The method for automatically controlling the signal power of an EDFA with real-time ASE compensation according to claim 3, wherein An input detector is set at the input end of the optical power to receive and obtain the sampling data of the input optical power, and update the sampling data of the input optical power in a first-in-first-out order, and the detected sampling data of the input optical power is used for calculating the real-time gain.

6. The method for automatically controlling the signal power of an EDFA with real-time ASE compensation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of "obtaining the real-time ASE power according to the real-time gain" specifically includes: Obtaining the real-time ASE power according to the real-time gain and the corresponding ASE calibration parameter, and the corresponding formula is as follows: ASE_mw = ASE_k * dB2mw(ASPC_Gain) + ASE_b; dB2mw(ASPC_Gain) = 10^(ASPC_Gain / 10); Where, ASPC_Gain is the real-time gain, ASE_mw is the real-time ASE power corresponding to the real-time gain, ASE_k and ASE_b are the ASE calibration parameters, and dB2mw is the formula for converting ASE power in dB units to ASE power in mw units.

7. The method for automatically controlling the signal power of an EDFA with real-time ASE compensation according to claim 6, characterized in that, Obtaining the current expected total output power according to the target output signal power and the real-time ASE power specifically includes: Converting the measurement unit of the ASE power, adding the converted ASE power and the target output signal power to obtain the current expected total output power. The corresponding formula is as follows: exp_pwr_mw = dB2mw(ASPC_Set_pwr) + ASE_mw; dB2mw(ASPC_Set_pwr) = 10^(ASPC_Set_pwr / 10); Where, exp_pwr_mw is the expected total output power, ASPC_Set_pwr is the target output signal power, and dB2mw is the formula for converting ASE power in dB units to ASE power in mw units.

8. The method for automatically controlling the signal power of an EDFA with real-time ASE compensation according to claim 1, wherein, Obtaining the real-time total output power, comparing the real-time total output power with the expected total output power to obtain an output deviation, and compensating the real-time total output power according to the output deviation to ensure that the real-time total output power is within a preset power reception range, specifically including: Obtaining the real-time total output power, converting the measurement unit of the real-time total output power, taking the difference between the real-time total output power after unit conversion and the expected total output power to obtain the output deviation, and adjusting the pump drive current according to the output deviation to change the current real-time total output power to ensure that the current real-time total output power is within the preset power reception range; The corresponding formula is as follows: pid_delta = exp_pwr_mw - dB2mw(Output_pwr); dB2mw(Output_pwr) = 10^(Output_pwr / 10); Where, pid_delta is the output deviation, output_pwr is the real-time total output power, and dB2mw is the formula for converting ASE power in dB units to ASE power in mw units.

9. The method for automatically controlling the signal power of an EDFA with real-time ASE compensation according to claim 1, wherein According to the deviation between the set expected total output power and the real-time total output power, adopt the PID closed-loop control method to lock the original real-time total output power to the expected total output power.

10. The method for automatically controlling the signal power of an EDFA with real-time ASE compensation according to claim 9, wherein, The adopting the PID closed-loop control method to lock the original real-time total output power to the expected total output power according to the deviation between the set expected total output power and the real-time total output power specifically includes: By driving the pump laser, increasing or decreasing the input optical power, locking the final real-time total output power to the expected total output power, thereby adjusting the signal gain of the erbium-doped fiber; Where, adjusting the pump drive current according to the output deviation to improve the stability under the condition of the expected total output power.

11. The method for automatically controlling the signal power of an EDFA with real-time ASE compensation according to claim 8, wherein Adjusting the pump drive current according to the output deviation further includes: Obtaining the variation range of the expected total output power; When the expected total output power is at the maximum value, adjusting the PID reference parameters pid_p, pid_i, and pid_d to optimize the steady-state performance and dynamic performance of the current state; When the expected total output power is at the minimum value, adjusting the power scaling factor ratio_p in the PID to optimize the steady-state performance and dynamic performance of the current state; Traversing the variation range of the expected total output power to confirm that the current PID parameters meet the requirements of steady-state performance and dynamic performance.

12. The method for automatically controlling the signal power of an EDFA with real-time ASE compensation according to claim 1, wherein The automatic signal power control method for EDFA with real-time ASE compensation further includes: Obtaining the VOA reference attenuation value and the VOA compensation attenuation value, and summing the VOA reference attenuation value and the VOA compensation attenuation value to obtain the VOA target attenuation amount; Obtaining the input optical power before passing through the VOA and the output optical power after passing through the VOA, and based on the real-time attenuation value obtained from the input optical power before passing through the VOA and the output optical power after passing through the VOA, by adjusting the digital-to-analog conversion signal of the VOA, ensuring that the real-time attenuation value is the VOA target attenuation amount.

13. The method for automatically controlling the signal power of an EDFA with real-time ASE compensation according to claim 1, wherein, After obtaining the VOA target attenuation amount, adjusting the digital-to-analog conversion amount of the VOA to adjust the real-time attenuation amount to the target attenuation amount.

14. The method for automatically controlling the signal power of an EDFA with real-time ASE compensation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adjusting the digital-to-analog conversion amount of the VOA to adjust the real-time attenuation amount to the target attenuation amount after obtaining the VOA target attenuation amount specifically includes: When the real-time attenuation amount is smaller than the target attenuation amount, if the VOA is of the bright type, increasing the DAC amount to increase the attenuation amount, and if the VOA is of the dark type, decreasing the DAC amount to decrease the attenuation amount; when the real-time attenuation amount is larger than the target attenuation amount, if the VOA is of the bright type, decreasing the DAC amount to increase the attenuation amount, and if the VOA is of the dark type, increasing the DAC amount to decrease the attenuation amount.

15. The method for automatically controlling the signal power of an EDFA with real-time ASE compensation according to claim 12, wherein, The obtaining the VOA reference attenuation value and the VOA compensation attenuation value, and summing the VOA reference attenuation value and the VOA compensation attenuation value to obtain the VOA target attenuation amount specifically includes: Obtaining the VOA reference attenuation value through the maximum gain corresponding to the real-time gain and the gain flatness filter, and the corresponding formula is as follows: voa_base = Gain_max - ASPC_Gain; Where, voa_base is the VOA reference attenuation value, Gain_max is the maximum gain value corresponding to the gain flatness filter, and ASPC_Gain is the real-time gain value; Obtaining the VOA compensation attenuation value through the temperature condition of the module housing, the gain condition of the current module, and the optical power of the current module, and the corresponding formula is as follows: voa_comp = K1 * (casetemp - casetemp_thr) + K2 * (gain max - gain set )+K3*GT set ++K3*(outputPwr max -gain set -inputPwr)+B; wherein, voa_comp is the VOA compensation attenuation value, casetemp is the module housing temperature, casetemp_thr is the module housing temperature threshold, gainmax is the maximum set gain, gainset is the set gain value, GTset is the set gain slope value, outputPwrmax is the maximum output optical power of the module, inputPwr is the input optical power, and K1, K2, K3, K4, and B are all VOA attenuation compensation parameters; Sum the VOA reference attenuation value and the VOA compensation attenuation value to obtain the VOA target attenuation amount. The corresponding formula is as follows: exp_voa_att = voa_base + voa_comp; wherein, exp_voa_att is the VOA target attenuation amount.

16. The method for automatically controlling the signal power of an EDFA with real-time ASE compensation according to claim 15, wherein, The calibration method for the VOA attenuation compensation parameters includes: Within the set range of the gain slope, use a spectrum analyzer to observe the decrease in the corresponding VOA attenuation value for each 1 dB increase in the gain slope, and complete the calibration of K3; By traversing different gain setting values within the set range and their corresponding input optical powers, record the VOA compensation amount required to reach the target gain slope, and complete the calibration of K2, K4, and B; In step 403, traverse the high-temperature and low-temperature conditions within the allowable temperature range of the module housing respectively, and compensate for the deviation of the gain slope under the high-temperature and low-temperature conditions respectively to complete the calibration of K1.

17. The method for automatically controlling the signal power of an EDFA with real-time ASE compensation according to claim 16, wherein According to the VOA target attenuation amount, compare the attenuation deviation value between the VOA real-time attenuation amount and the VOA target attenuation amount, and dynamically adjust the VOA adjustment step size.

18. The method for automatically controlling the signal power of an EDFA with real-time ASE compensation according to claim 17, wherein The dynamically adjusting the VOA adjustment step size specifically includes: When the attenuation deviation value is greater than the high step-in threshold value, use the first preset step size to approach the target attenuation value; When the attenuation deviation value is greater than the medium step-in threshold value, use the second preset step size to approach the target attenuation value; When the attenuation deviation value is greater than the low step-in threshold value, use the third preset step size to approach the target attenuation value; otherwise, use the minimum step size and the minimum step value to approach the target attenuation.

19. An EDFA automatic signal power control device with real-time ASE compensation, which is used to apply the EDFA automatic signal power control method with real-time ASE compensation according to any one of claims 1-18, and is characterized in that, including: an input detection module, an output detection module, a real-time gain calculation module, an ASE calibration module, an expected output total power calculation module, a pump feedback module, and a pump drive module, wherein: The input detection module, the real-time gain calculation module, the ASE calibration module, the expected output total power calculation module, the pump feedback module, and the pump drive module are connected in sequence, and the output detection module is connected to the pump feedback module; The input detection module is used to obtain sampling data of the current input optical power and provide the sampling data of the input optical power to the real-time gain calculation module; the real-time gain calculation module is used to obtain a real-time gain according to the target output signal power and the real-time input optical power; the ASE calibration module is used to obtain the real-time ASE power according to the real-time gain; the expected output total power calculation module is used to obtain the current expected output total power according to the target output signal power and the real-time ASE power; the output detection module is used to obtain sampling data of the real-time output total power and provide the sampling data of the real-time output total power to the pump feedback module; the pump feedback module is used to compare the real-time output total power with the expected output total power to obtain an output deviation; the pump drive module is used to compensate the real-time output total power according to the output deviation to ensure that the real-time output total power is within a preset power reception range.

20. The EDFA automatic signal power control device for real-time ASE compensation according to claim 19, characterized in that, The EDFA automatic signal power control device for real-time ASE compensation further includes: a VOA target attenuation amount calculation module, a VOA feedback control module, a VOA drive module, a VOA input detection module, and a VOA output detection module, where: The VOA target attenuation amount calculation module is connected to the real-time gain calculation module, the VOA target attenuation amount calculation module, the VOA feedback control module, and the VOA drive module are connected in sequence, the VOA input detection module is connected to the VOA feedback control module, and the VOA output detection module is connected to the VOA feedback control module; The VOA target attenuation amount calculation module is used to obtain a VOA reference attenuation value and a VOA compensation attenuation value, and sum the VOA reference attenuation value and the VOA compensation attenuation value to obtain a VOA target attenuation amount; the VOA input detection module is used to obtain sampling data of the input optical power before passing through the VOA and provide the sampling data of the input optical power before passing through the VOA to the VOA feedback control module; the VOA output detection module is used to obtain sampling data of the output optical power after passing through the VOA and provide the sampling data of the output optical power after passing through the VOA to the VOA feedback control module; the VOA feedback control module is used to obtain a real-time attenuation value according to the input optical power before passing through the VOA and the output optical power after passing through the VOA, and lock the real-time attenuation value to the VOA target attenuation amount through closed-loop control; the VOA drive module is used to drive a corresponding VOA device according to the VOA feedback control module.

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