Battery device and saddle-type electric vehicle

Abstract

The present invention relates to a battery device 31 and a saddle-type electric vehicle 1. The battery device 31 comprises a battery 32, an inclination sensor 38, and a control unit 41. The battery 32 supplies power to an electric motor 21. The electric motor 21 propels the saddle-type electric vehicle 1. The inclination sensor 38 detects an inclination angle θA of the battery 32. On the basis of the detection result of the inclination sensor 38, the control unit 41 acquires a cumulative time period TA in which the battery 32 is in an inclined state. The control unit 41 executes a specified operation on the battery 32 when the cumulative time period TA exceeds a limit time period TB.

Description

Battery device and saddle-type electric vehicle

[0001] The present invention relates to a battery device and a straddle-type electric vehicle.

[0002] Patent Document 1 discloses a battery system. The battery system is applied to, for example, an automobile. The automobile includes an electrical system. The electrical system is, for example, audio equipment. The battery system includes a battery, a detection module, and a control module. The battery supplies power to the electrical system. The control module controls the supply of power from the battery to the electrical system according to the detection result of the detection module, thereby protecting the electrical system.

[0003] The detection module includes an accelerometer. The accelerometer detects the tilt angle of the battery. When the tilt angle of the battery detected by the accelerometer is significantly large, it is estimated that the vehicle is tipping over. Therefore, when the tilt angle of the battery is significantly large, the control module stops supplying power from the battery to the electrical system. In other words, when the tilt angle of the battery is significantly large, the control module stops discharging the battery.

[0004] The detection module includes a gas detection unit. The gas detection unit detects gas around the battery. When the gas detection unit detects a specific gas, it is determined that the battery electrolyte is leaking. Therefore, when the specific gas is detected around the battery, the control module stops the supply of power from the battery to the electrical system. In other words, when the specific gas is detected around the battery, the control module stops discharging the battery.

[0005] JP 2013-251261 A

[0006] In Patent Document 1, the detection module does not detect the deterioration of the battery's power storage capacity, so it is difficult to appropriately deal with the deterioration of the battery's power storage capacity in Patent Document 1.

[0007] The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and has an object to provide a battery device that appropriately addresses deterioration of the battery's power storage capacity, and a saddle-type electric vehicle equipped with the battery device.

[0008] As a result of extensive research, the following first and second phenomena were discovered. First phenomenon: The battery may be in a tilted position for a long period of time. Second phenomenon: When the battery is in a tilted position for a long period of time, the battery's power storage capacity may deteriorate.

[0009] If the battery is used in an automobile, the battery will not be in a tilted state for long. Therefore, if the battery is for an automobile, the first event will not occur. The second event is a problem caused by the first event. Therefore, if the battery is for an automobile, the second event will not occur. Batteries for automobiles will not have the problem of the second event. Perhaps for this reason, the second event was unknown to those skilled in the art. The second event is novel.

[0010] When a battery is used in a saddle-type electric vehicle, the battery may be in a tilted state for a long period of time. Therefore, when the battery is for a saddle-type electric vehicle, the first event may occur. Therefore, when the battery is for a saddle-type electric vehicle, the second event may occur. In particular, when the battery is used to propel the saddle-type electric vehicle, the second event is likely to occur. In other words, when the battery stores electrical energy for propelling the saddle-type electric vehicle, the second event is likely to occur. The problem of the second event is specific to batteries for saddle-type electric vehicles.

[0011] The present invention was made based on the findings of the first phenomenon. The present invention has the following configuration. That is, the present invention is a battery device comprising: a battery that supplies power to an electric motor that propels a saddle-type electric vehicle; an inclination sensor that detects the inclination angle of the battery; and a control unit that obtains the accumulated time that the battery is in an inclined state based on the detection result of the inclination sensor, and that executes a specific operation on the battery when the accumulated time exceeds a limit time.

[0012] The battery device includes a battery, an inclination sensor, and a control unit. The battery supplies power to an electric motor. The electric motor propels the saddle-type electric vehicle. The inclination sensor detects the inclination angle of the battery. The control unit obtains the accumulated time that the battery is in an inclined state based on the detection result of the inclination sensor. When the accumulated time exceeds a limit time, the control unit performs a specific operation on the battery.

[0013] Here, when the accumulated time exceeds the limit time, the battery's power storage capacity may deteriorate. Therefore, when the battery's power storage capacity may deteriorate, the specific operation is executed. Therefore, when the battery's power storage capacity may deteriorate, the present battery device takes appropriate measures for the battery. Therefore, the present battery device takes appropriate measures for the deterioration of the battery's power storage capacity.

[0014] In this battery device, the accumulated time is preferably a value obtained by integrating the tilt period during which the battery is in the tilted state, which makes it easy to obtain the accumulated time.

[0015] In the battery device, it is preferable that the control unit measures the tilt period during which the battery is in the tilted state based on the detection result of the tilt sensor, and obtains the accumulated time by integrating the tilt period. Thus, it is easy for the control unit to obtain the accumulated time.

[0016] In this battery device, the control unit preferably includes: a memory unit that stores the limit time; a timing unit that measures the tilt period during which the battery is in the tilted state based on the detection result of the tilt sensor and obtains the cumulative time by integrating the tilt period; a time determination unit that compares the limit time stored in the memory unit with the cumulative time obtained by the timing unit and determines whether the cumulative time has exceeded the limit time; and an execution unit that executes the specific action when the time determination unit determines that the cumulative time has exceeded the limit time. The control unit includes a memory unit, a timing unit, a time determination unit, and an execution unit. The memory unit stores the limit time. The timing unit measures the tilt period based on the detection result of the tilt sensor. The tilt period is the period during which the battery is in the tilted state. The timing unit obtains the cumulative time by integrating the tilt period. The time determination unit compares the limit time stored in the memory unit with the cumulative time obtained by the timing unit. The time determination unit determines whether the cumulative time has exceeded the limit time. When the time determination unit determines that the accumulated time has exceeded the limit time, the execution unit executes the specific operation. Therefore, it is easy for the control unit to obtain the accumulated time based on the detection result of the tilt sensor. It is also easy for the control unit to execute the specific operation when the accumulated time has exceeded the limit time.

[0017] In this battery device, the tilt state of the battery is preferably defined by the tilt angle of the battery. Therefore, it is easy to determine whether the battery is in a tilt state, and it is easy to measure the tilt period. Therefore, it is easy to obtain the cumulative time.

[0018] In this battery device, the tilt state is preferably defined as the state of the battery when the tilt angle of the battery is equal to or greater than a reference angle, and the tilt period is preferably a period during which the tilt angle of the battery is equal to or greater than the reference angle. The tilt state is defined as the state of the battery when the tilt angle of the battery is equal to or greater than the reference angle. This makes it easier to determine whether the battery is in a tilt state. The tilt period is a period during which the tilt angle of the battery is equal to or greater than the reference angle. This makes it easier to measure the tilt period. Therefore, it is easy to obtain the accumulated time.

[0019] In this battery device, it is preferable that the memory unit stores the reference angle, and the timer unit measures the tilt period based on the reference angle stored in the memory unit and the tilt angle of the battery detected by the tilt sensor. This makes it easy for the timer unit to measure the tilt period and to obtain the accumulated time.

[0020] In this battery device, the limit time is preferably shorter than the minimum value of the accumulated time required for the battery's power storage capacity to deteriorate. Therefore, when the specific operation is executed, the battery's power storage capacity has not yet deteriorated. The specific operation is executed before the battery's power storage capacity deteriorates. Therefore, this battery device responds to the deterioration of the battery's power storage capacity at an appropriate time.

[0021] In this battery device, the limit time is preferably set based on the relationship between the cumulative time and the charge storage capacity of the battery, so that the limit time is appropriately set.

[0022] In this battery device, the limit time is preferably one year or more. Therefore, the limit time is long. Therefore, the accumulated time is monitored over a long period of time. Therefore, this battery device appropriately deals with deterioration of the battery's power storage capacity.

[0023] In this battery device, the limit time is preferably a constant, so that it is easy to identify the time when the accumulated time exceeds the limit time.

[0024] In the battery device, the limit time is preferably variable. Therefore, it is easy to change the timing at which the accumulated time exceeds the limit time. In other words, it is easy to change the timing at which the specific operation is executed. It is easy to change the timing at which the battery device responds to deterioration of the battery's power storage capacity.

[0025] In the battery device, the limit time is preferably a variable that depends on the tilt angle of the battery in the tilted state, so that the timing at which the battery device responds to deterioration of the battery's power storage capacity changes appropriately.

[0026] In this battery device, it is preferable that the limit time be shortened as the tilt angle of the battery in the tilted state increases, and therefore it is easy to make the limit time a variable that depends on the tilt angle of the battery in the tilted state.

[0027] In this battery device, a gentle tilt state is defined as the state of the battery when the tilt angle of the battery is equal to or greater than a small reference angle, and a steep tilt state is defined as the state of the battery when the tilt angle of the battery is equal to or greater than a large reference angle. The control unit acquires a first accumulated time during which the battery is in the gentle tilt state and a second accumulated time during which the battery is in the steep tilt state based on the detection result of the tilt sensor. When the first accumulated time exceeds a first limit time or when the second accumulated time exceeds a second limit time, the control unit executes the specific operation. It is preferable that the large reference angle is greater than the small reference angle and the second limit time is shorter than the first limit time. Therefore, it is easy to set the limit time as a variable dependent on the tilt angle of the battery in the tilted state. Furthermore, it is easy to shorten the limit time as the tilt angle of the battery in the tilted state increases.

[0028] In this battery device, the battery comprises: a case; terminals attached to the case via an insulator; and electrolyte stored inside the case; the terminals preferably penetrate the case and are inserted from the outside of the case into the inside of the case, and the case and the electrolyte are electrically connected. The battery has the above-mentioned configuration. Therefore, when the battery is tilted, the terminals and the electrolyte may be electrically connected. Therefore, when the battery is tilted, the terminals and the case may be electrically connected through the electrolyte. When the terminals and the case are electrically connected, the battery's power storage capacity may deteriorate. However, even when the battery has the above-mentioned configuration, the battery device appropriately addresses the deterioration of the battery's power storage capacity. Rather, when the battery has the above-mentioned configuration, the battery device achieves significant effects.

[0029] In this battery device, the case is preferably in direct contact with the electrolyte. Therefore, when the battery is tilted, the terminals and the case may be electrically connected through the electrolyte. This may result in a deterioration of the battery's charge storage capacity. However, even when the case is in direct contact with the electrolyte, the battery device appropriately addresses the deterioration of the battery's charge storage capacity.

[0030] In this battery device, it is preferable that the case is made of aluminum, the terminals include a negative terminal, and at least a portion of the negative terminal is made of copper. The battery has the above-described configuration. Therefore, when the battery is tilted, the case and the negative terminal may be electrically connected through the electrolyte. When the case and the negative terminal are electrically connected through the electrolyte, the aluminum constituting the case and the copper constituting the negative terminal are electrically connected through the electrolyte. When the aluminum of the case and the copper of the negative terminal are electrically connected through the electrolyte, the battery's storage capacity is likely to deteriorate. However, even when the battery has the above-described configuration, the battery device appropriately addresses the deterioration of the battery's storage capacity. Rather, when the battery has the above-described configuration, the battery device achieves significant effects.

[0031] In this battery device, it is preferable that the case includes a top plate that is the upper part of the case, the terminals penetrate the top plate and are inserted from the outside of the case into the inside of the case, and the top plate and the terminals are electrically insulated by the insulator. The battery has the above-mentioned configuration. Therefore, when the battery is tilted, the terminals and the case may be electrically connected through the electrolyte. This may cause the battery's power storage capacity to deteriorate. However, even if the battery has the above-mentioned configuration, the battery device appropriately addresses the deterioration of the battery's power storage capacity.

[0032] In this battery device, the tilt angle of the battery is preferably a first tilt angle between a first imaginary plane parallel to the top plate of the battery and a second imaginary plane perpendicular to the direction of gravity. The tilt angle of the battery is the first tilt angle. The first tilt angle is the angle between the first imaginary plane and the second imaginary plane. Therefore, the first tilt angle is correlated with the positional relationship between the terminals and the electrolyte. Therefore, the first tilt angle is appropriate as the tilt angle of the battery for defining the tilt state of the battery.

[0033] In this battery device, the inclination angle of the battery is preferably a second inclination angle between a first imaginary plane parallel to the top plate of the battery and a third imaginary plane perpendicular to the direction of acceleration acting on the battery. The inclination angle of the battery is the second inclination angle. The second inclination angle is the angle between the first imaginary plane and the third imaginary plane. Therefore, the second inclination angle is more closely correlated with the positional relationship between the terminals and the electrolyte. Therefore, the second inclination angle is more appropriate as the inclination angle of the battery for defining the inclined state of the battery.

[0034] In this battery device, the direction of the acceleration acting on the battery is preferably the direction of the resultant force of gravity and the centrifugal force acting on the battery. Therefore, the second tilt angle is defined taking into account gravity and the centrifugal force acting on the battery. Therefore, even when the saddle-type electric vehicle turns on a curved road, the second tilt angle is appropriate as the tilt angle of the battery for defining the tilt state of the battery.

[0035] In this battery device, the tilt sensor is preferably attached to the battery, which makes it easy for the tilt sensor to detect the tilt angle of the battery.

[0036] In this battery device, the specific operation preferably includes a first operation of discharging the battery through a discharge unit. In the first operation, the battery is discharged through the discharge unit. This makes it easy to reduce the remaining capacity of the battery. Therefore, it is difficult for the battery to discharge after the first operation. Therefore, the first operation appropriately addresses the deterioration of the battery's storage capacity.

[0037] In the present battery device, when the first operation is executed, the control unit preferably electrically connects the battery to the discharge unit, making it easy to discharge the battery through the discharge unit in the first operation.

[0038] In the present battery device, the battery device preferably includes a first switch that electrically connects and disconnects between the battery and the discharge section, and in the first operation, the control section causes the first switch to electrically connect between the battery and the discharge section. Therefore, it is easy for the control section to electrically connect the battery to the discharge section in the first operation.

[0039] In this battery device, the discharge unit is preferably a resistor, so that the discharge unit can easily consume the remaining capacity of the battery.

[0040] In this battery device, if a first wait condition is established when the accumulated time exceeds the limit time, the control unit preferably waits for the start of the first operation, and the first wait condition is preferably that operation of the electric motor in response to operation of an accelerator pedal of the saddle riding type electric vehicle is permitted. If the first wait condition is established when the accumulated time exceeds the limit time, the control unit does not discharge the battery through the discharge unit. Therefore, if the first wait condition is established when the accumulated time exceeds the limit time, the control unit allows the battery to supply sufficient power to the electric motor. Therefore, if the first wait condition is established when the accumulated time exceeds the limit time, the electric motor operates smoothly in response to operation of the accelerator. Therefore, if the first wait condition is established when the accumulated time exceeds the limit time, it is easy for the driver of the saddle riding type electric vehicle to drive the electric motor by operating the accelerator.

[0041] In the battery device, it is preferable that the control unit waits to start the first operation until the first wait condition is no longer satisfied, so that the battery device does not interfere with smooth operation of the electric motor in response to accelerator operation.

[0042] In this battery device, it is preferable that the control unit starts the first operation when the first waiting condition is no longer satisfied. Therefore, the control unit starts the first operation at an appropriate timing.

[0043] In this battery device, if the second wait condition is satisfied when the accumulated time exceeds the limit time, the control unit preferably waits for the start of the first operation, and the second wait condition is that the saddle riding type electric vehicle is traveling. If the second wait condition is satisfied when the accumulated time exceeds the limit time, the control unit does not discharge the battery through the discharge unit. Therefore, if the second wait condition is satisfied when the accumulated time exceeds the limit time, the control unit allows the battery to supply sufficient power to the electric motor. Therefore, if the second wait condition is satisfied when the accumulated time exceeds the limit time, the electric motor smoothly propels the saddle riding type electric vehicle. In other words, if the second wait condition is satisfied when the accumulated time exceeds the limit time, the saddle riding type electric vehicle travels smoothly. Therefore, if the second wait condition is satisfied when the accumulated time exceeds the limit time, it is easy for the driver to smoothly drive the saddle riding type electric vehicle.

[0044] In this battery device, it is preferable that the control unit waits for the start of the first operation until the second waiting condition is no longer satisfied, so that the battery device does not interfere with the running of the saddle-riding type electric vehicle.

[0045] In this battery device, it is preferable that the control unit starts the first operation when the second waiting condition is no longer satisfied. Therefore, the control unit starts the first operation at an appropriate timing.

[0046] In this battery device, it is preferable that the control unit terminates the first operation when the voltage of the battery is equal to or lower than a reference voltage, so that the control unit terminates the first operation at an appropriate timing.

[0047] In the battery device, it is preferable that the battery device further includes a voltage sensor that detects the voltage of the battery, and the control unit terminates the first operation based on the detection result of the voltage sensor. Therefore, the control unit terminates the first operation at an appropriate timing.

[0048] In this battery device, when the control unit ends the first operation, the control unit preferably electrically disconnects the battery from the discharge unit, thereby properly ending the first operation.

[0049] In the battery device, when the control unit ends the first operation, the control unit preferably controls the first switch to electrically disconnect the battery from the discharge unit, making it easy for the control unit to electrically disconnect the battery from the discharge unit when the first operation ends.

[0050] In this battery device, it is preferable that the first operation is prohibited when the specific operation is not performed. Therefore, the first operation is performed only when the specific operation is performed. Therefore, the discharge unit is provided only for the specific operation. The discharge unit is used only during the specific operation. The discharge unit is solely for reducing the remaining capacity of the battery. Therefore, it is even easier to reduce the remaining capacity of the battery in the first operation.

[0051] In the battery device, it is preferable that the control unit electrically disconnects the battery from the discharge unit when the specific operation is not being performed, making it easy to prohibit the first operation when the first operation is not being performed.

[0052] In the battery device, the specific operation preferably includes a second operation that prohibits the supply of power from the battery to the electric motor. Therefore, during the second operation, the battery is not used to propel the saddle-type electric vehicle. Therefore, the second operation appropriately addresses the deterioration of the battery's power storage capacity.

[0053] In the present battery device, it is preferable that in the second operation, the control unit electrically disconnects the battery from the electric motor, which makes it easy to prohibit the supply of power from the battery to the electric motor in the second operation.

[0054] In this battery device, if a first wait condition is satisfied when the accumulated time exceeds the limit time, the control unit preferably waits for the start of the second operation, and the first wait condition is preferably such that operation of the electric motor in response to operation of an accelerator pedal of the saddle riding type electric vehicle is permitted. If the first wait condition is satisfied when the accumulated time exceeds the limit time, the control unit does not prohibit the supply of power from the battery to the electric motor. Therefore, if the first wait condition is satisfied when the accumulated time exceeds the limit time, the control unit permits the supply of power from the battery to the electric motor. Therefore, if the first wait condition is satisfied when the accumulated time exceeds the limit time, the electric motor operates smoothly in response to operation of the accelerator. Therefore, if the first wait condition is satisfied when the accumulated time exceeds the limit time, it is easy for the driver of the saddle riding type electric vehicle to drive the electric motor by operating the accelerator.

[0055] In the battery device, it is preferable that the control unit waits for the second operation to start until the first waiting condition is no longer satisfied, so that the battery device does not interfere with smooth operation of the electric motor in response to accelerator operation.

[0056] In this battery device, it is preferable that the control unit starts the second operation when the first waiting condition is no longer satisfied. Therefore, the control unit starts the second operation at an appropriate timing.

[0057] In this battery device, if the second wait condition is satisfied when the accumulated time exceeds the limit time, the control unit preferably waits for the start of the second operation, and the second wait condition is that the saddle riding type electric vehicle is traveling. If the second wait condition is satisfied when the accumulated time exceeds the limit time, the control unit does not prohibit the supply of power from the battery to the electric motor. Therefore, if the second wait condition is satisfied when the accumulated time exceeds the limit time, the control unit allows the supply of power from the battery to the electric motor. Therefore, if the second wait condition is satisfied when the accumulated time exceeds the limit time, the electric motor smoothly propels the saddle riding type electric vehicle. In other words, if the second wait condition is satisfied when the accumulated time exceeds the limit time, the saddle riding type electric vehicle travels smoothly. Therefore, if the second wait condition is satisfied when the accumulated time exceeds the limit time, it is easy for the driver to drive the saddle riding type electric vehicle smoothly.

[0058] In this battery device, it is preferable that the control unit waits for the second operation to start until the second waiting condition is no longer satisfied, so that the battery device does not interfere with the running of the saddle-riding type electric vehicle.

[0059] In this battery device, it is preferable that the control unit starts the second operation when the second waiting condition is no longer satisfied. Therefore, the control unit starts the second operation at an appropriate timing.

[0060] In this battery device, it is preferable that the control unit continues the second operation until the battery is replaced with a new battery, so that the second operation more appropriately deals with deterioration of the battery's power storage capacity.

[0061] In the battery device, it is preferable that the control unit terminates the second operation when the battery is replaced with a new battery. Therefore, the control unit terminates the second operation at an appropriate timing.

[0062] In the battery device, the specific operation preferably includes a third operation that prohibits charging of the battery. In the third operation, the battery is not charged. Therefore, the third operation appropriately addresses deterioration of the battery's power storage capacity.

[0063] In the present battery device, in the third operation, the control unit preferably electrically disconnects the battery from the power supply source. Therefore, it is easy to prohibit charging of the battery in the third operation. In other words, it is easy to prohibit the supply of power from the power supply source to the battery in the third operation.

[0064] In this battery device, when the cumulative time exceeds the limit time during charging of the battery, the control unit preferably stops charging of the battery, which makes it easy for the control unit to quickly start the third operation.

[0065] In this battery device, it is preferable that the control unit continues the third operation until the battery is replaced with a new battery, so that the third operation more appropriately deals with deterioration of the battery's power storage capacity.

[0066] In the battery device, it is preferable that the control unit terminates the third operation when the battery is replaced with a new battery. Therefore, the control unit terminates the third operation at an appropriate timing.

[0067] In the battery device, the specific operation preferably includes a fourth operation of issuing an alarm from the output unit. In the fourth operation, the alarm is issued from the output unit. Therefore, the fourth operation appropriately deals with the deterioration of the battery's power storage capacity.

[0068] In this battery device, it is preferable that the control unit continues the fourth operation until the battery is replaced with a new battery. Therefore, the fourth operation more appropriately deals with deterioration of the battery's power storage capacity.

[0069] In the battery device, it is preferable that the control unit terminates the fourth operation when the battery is replaced with a new battery. Therefore, the control unit terminates the fourth operation at an appropriate timing.

[0070] In this battery device, it is preferable that the control unit executes the specific operation when the tilt sensor is abnormal. The control unit executes the specific operation when the tilt sensor is abnormal, as well as when the accumulated time exceeds the limit time. When the tilt sensor is abnormal, it is unclear whether the battery's power storage capacity will deteriorate. The specific operation is executed even when it is unclear whether the battery's power storage capacity will deteriorate. Thus, this battery device more appropriately deals with deterioration of the battery's power storage capacity.

[0071] In the battery device, it is preferable that the battery is detachable from the saddle-riding type electric vehicle. Even if the battery is detachable from the saddle-riding type electric vehicle, the battery device appropriately deals with deterioration of the battery's power storage capacity.

[0072] In this battery device, it is preferable that the tilt sensor detects the tilt angle of the battery when the battery is attached to the saddle riding type electric vehicle and when the battery is detached from the saddle riding type electric vehicle, making it easy to monitor the tilt angle of the battery when the battery is attached to the saddle riding type electric vehicle and when the battery is detached from the saddle riding type electric vehicle.

[0073] In this battery device, it is preferable that the control unit acquires the accumulated time based on the detection result of the tilt sensor when the battery is attached to the saddle riding type electric vehicle and when the battery is detached from the saddle riding type electric vehicle. Therefore, it is easy to monitor the accumulated time when the battery is attached to the saddle riding type electric vehicle and when the battery is detached from the saddle riding type electric vehicle.

[0074] In the battery device, it is preferable that the battery is fixed to the saddle riding type electric vehicle so as not to be detachable from the saddle riding type electric vehicle. Even when the battery is fixed to the saddle riding type electric vehicle so as not to be detachable from the saddle riding type electric vehicle, the battery device appropriately deals with deterioration of the battery's power storage capacity.

[0075] In the present battery device, it is preferable that the battery device is detachable from the saddle riding type electric vehicle. Even if the battery device is detachable from the saddle riding type electric vehicle, the present battery device appropriately deals with deterioration of the battery's power storage capacity.

[0076] In this battery device, it is preferable that the tilt sensor detects the tilt angle of the battery when the battery device is attached to the saddle-riding type electric vehicle and when the battery device is detached from the saddle-riding type electric vehicle. Therefore, it is easy to monitor the tilt angle of the battery when the battery device is attached to the saddle-riding type electric vehicle and when the battery device is detached from the saddle-riding type electric vehicle.

[0077] In this battery device, it is preferable that the control unit acquires the accumulated time based on the detection result of the tilt sensor when the battery device is attached to the saddle riding type electric vehicle and when the battery device is detached from the saddle riding type electric vehicle. Therefore, it is easy to monitor the accumulated time when the battery device is attached to the saddle riding type electric vehicle and when the battery device is detached from the saddle riding type electric vehicle.

[0078] In this battery device, it is preferable that the control unit alternately switches between an activated state and a sleep state when the battery device is detached from the saddle-riding type electric vehicle. This makes it easy to reduce the power consumption of the control unit when the battery device is detached from the saddle-riding type electric vehicle. Therefore, it is easy for the control unit to monitor the accumulated time over a long period of time when the battery device is detached from the saddle-riding type electric vehicle.

[0079] In this battery device, when the battery device is detached from the saddle-type electric vehicle, the period during which the control unit is in the sleep state is preferably longer than the period during which the control unit is in the activated state. Therefore, when the battery device is detached from the saddle-type electric vehicle, it is easier to reduce the power consumption of the control unit. Therefore, when the battery device is detached from the saddle-type electric vehicle, it is easier for the control unit to monitor the accumulated time over a long period of time.

[0080] In this battery device, when the battery device is detached from the saddle-riding type electric vehicle, it is preferable that the control unit be activated at least once within 60 minutes. Therefore, when the battery device is detached from the saddle-riding type electric vehicle, it is easy for the control unit to monitor the tilt angle of the battery. Therefore, when the battery device is detached from the saddle-riding type electric vehicle, it is easy for the control unit to accurately obtain the accumulated time.

[0081] In the present battery device, it is preferable that the battery device is fixed to the saddle riding type electric vehicle so as not to be detachable from the saddle riding type electric vehicle. Even when the battery device is fixed to the saddle riding type electric vehicle so as not to be detachable from the saddle riding type electric vehicle, the present battery device appropriately deals with deterioration of the battery's power storage capacity.

[0082] The present invention is a saddle-riding type electric vehicle comprising: an electric motor that propels the saddle-riding type electric vehicle; and a battery device, wherein the battery device comprises: a battery that supplies power to the electric motor; an inclination sensor that detects the inclination angle of the battery; and a control unit that obtains the accumulated time that the battery is in an inclined state based on the detection result of the inclination sensor, and that performs a specific operation on the battery when the accumulated time exceeds a limit time.

[0083] The straddle-type electric vehicle includes an electric motor and a battery device. The electric motor propels the straddle-type electric vehicle. The battery device includes a battery, an inclination sensor, and a control unit. The battery supplies power to the electric motor. The inclination sensor detects the inclination angle of the battery. The control unit obtains the accumulated time that the battery is in an inclined state based on the detection result of the inclination sensor. When the accumulated time exceeds a limit time, the control unit executes a specific operation.

[0084] Here, when the accumulated time exceeds the limit time, the battery's power storage capacity may deteriorate. Therefore, when the battery's power storage capacity may deteriorate, the specific operation is executed. Therefore, the battery device appropriately deals with the deterioration of the battery's power storage capacity. In other words, the saddle-type electric vehicle appropriately deals with the deterioration of the battery's power storage capacity.

[0085] The present invention is a battery management method comprising: a timing step of obtaining a cumulative time during which a battery that supplies power to an electric motor that propels a saddle-type electric vehicle is in an inclined state; a time determination step of determining whether the cumulative time has exceeded a limit time; and an execution step of executing a specific operation on the battery when the cumulative time has exceeded the limit time.

[0086] The electric motor propels the saddle-type electric vehicle. The battery supplies power to the electric motor. The battery management method includes a timing step, a time determination step, and an execution step. In the timing step, the accumulated time that the battery is in an inclined state is obtained. In the time determination step, it is determined whether the accumulated time exceeds a limit time. In the execution step, a specific operation is performed on the battery when the accumulated time exceeds the limit time.

[0087] Here, when the accumulated time exceeds the limit time, the battery's power storage capacity may deteriorate. Therefore, when the battery's power storage capacity may deteriorate, the specific operation is executed. Therefore, the battery management method appropriately deals with the deterioration of the battery's power storage capacity.

[0088] The present battery device appropriately deals with deterioration of the battery's power storage capacity. The present straddle-type electric vehicle appropriately deals with deterioration of the battery's power storage capacity.

[0089] FIG. 1 is a left side view of a saddle-riding type electric vehicle according to an embodiment; FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a handle; FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a saddle-riding type electric vehicle; FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view illustrating the structure of a battery; FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view illustrating the structure of a battery; FIG. 6 is a plan view of the battery; FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing the procedure of operations of a saddle-riding type electric vehicle and a battery device; FIG. 8 is a flowchart showing the procedure of a first operation; FIG. 9 is a block diagram of a saddle-riding type electric vehicle according to a first modified embodiment, illustrating the tilt angle of a battery in a modified embodiment; FIG. 10 is a flowchart showing the procedure of a second operation; FIG. 11 is a block diagram of a saddle-riding type electric vehicle according to a second modified embodiment; FIG. 12 is a flowchart showing the procedure of a third operation; FIG. 13 is a block diagram of a saddle-riding type electric vehicle according to a third modified embodiment;

[0090] Hereinafter, a battery device and a straddle-type electric vehicle according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

[0091] 1. Schematic configuration of saddle riding type electric vehicle 1> Fig. 1 is a left side view of a saddle riding type electric vehicle 1 according to an embodiment. Fig. 1 shows the front-rear direction X, width direction Y, and up-down direction Z of the saddle riding type electric vehicle 1. The front-rear direction X, width direction Y, and up-down direction Z are defined with reference to a driver (also called a rider) riding on the saddle riding type electric vehicle 1. The front-rear direction X, width direction Y, and up-down direction Z are perpendicular to one another. The front-rear direction X and width direction Y are horizontal. The up-down direction Z is vertical.

[0092] The terms "front," "rear," "up," "down," "right," and "left" refer to the directions of a driver riding on the saddle-riding type electric vehicle 1, respectively. Unless otherwise specified, "front" and "rear" in this specification include not only directions parallel to the front-rear direction X but also directions close to the front-rear direction X. A direction close to the front-rear direction X is, for example, a direction that forms an angle of 45 degrees or less with the front-rear direction X. Similarly, unless otherwise specified, "right" and "left" include not only directions parallel to the width direction Y but also directions close to the width direction Y. Unless otherwise specified, "up" and "down" include not only directions parallel to the up-down direction Z but also directions close to the up-down direction Z. In each drawing, FRONT, REAR, UP, DOWN, RIGHT, and LEFT are appropriately indicated for reference.

[0093] The saddle riding type electric vehicle 1 is configured to be able to lean to the right and left from an upright position. For example, when the saddle riding type electric vehicle 1 is in an upright position, it is easy for the saddle riding type electric vehicle 1 to move forward in a straight line. For example, when the saddle riding type electric vehicle 1 leans to the right or left from an upright position, it is easy for the saddle riding type electric vehicle 1 to turn to the right or left.

[0094] The straddle-type electric vehicle 1 is classified as, for example, an off-road vehicle. Off-road vehicles are suitable for traveling on rough terrain, for example. Off-road vehicles include, for example, motocross bikes and dual-purpose vehicles. Dual-purpose vehicles are also called dual-sport motorcycles.

[0095] The saddle-type electric vehicle 1 includes a body frame 3 .

[0096] The saddle-type electric vehicle includes a front fork 11. The front fork 11 is supported by a body frame 3. The front fork 11 extends forward and downward from the body frame 3.

[0097] The saddle-type electric vehicle includes a front wheel 12. The front wheel 12 is supported by a lower portion of a front fork 11.

[0098] The saddle-type electric vehicle 1 includes a handlebar 13. The handlebar 13 is supported on an upper portion of the front fork 11.

[0099] The saddle-type electric vehicle 1 includes a seat 14. The seat 14 is disposed rearward of the handlebars 13.

[0100] The saddle-riding type electric vehicle 1 includes an electric motor 21. The electric motor 21 propels the saddle-riding type electric vehicle 1. The electric motor 21 converts electric power into power for propelling the saddle-riding type electric vehicle 1. The electric motor 21 outputs the power. The electric motor 21 is supported by the vehicle body frame 3.

[0101] The electric motor 21 is, for example, fixed to the vehicle body frame 3. The electric motor 21 is, for example, unable to swing relative to the vehicle body frame 3.

[0102] The electric motor 21 is, for example, an AC motor.

[0103] The saddle-type electric vehicle 1 includes a swing arm 22. The swing arm 22 is supported by the body frame 3. The swing arm 22 is swingable relative to the body frame 3. The swing arm 22 extends rearward from the body frame 3.

[0104] The straddle-type electric vehicle 1 includes a rear wheel 23. The rear wheel 23 is supported at the rear of a swing arm 22.

[0105] For example, the rear wheel 23 does not overlap the electric motor 21 in a side view of the saddle riding type electric vehicle 1 .

[0106] The straddle-type electric vehicle 1 includes a power transmission mechanism 24. The power transmission mechanism 24 transmits power from the electric motor 21 to the rear wheel 23. The power transmission mechanism 24 includes, for example, at least one of a chain, a belt, and a drive shaft.

[0107] The straddle-type electric vehicle 1 includes a battery device 31. The battery device 31 supplies electric power to the electric motor 21. The battery device 31 is supported by the vehicle body frame 3.

[0108] The battery device 31 is, for example, fixed to the body frame 3. The battery device 31 is, for example, unable to swing relative to the body frame 3.

[0109] The saddle-type electric vehicle 1 includes, for example, an inverter 51. The inverter 51 is electrically connected to the battery device 31. The inverter 51 is electrically connected to the electric motor 21. The inverter 51 receives direct current from the battery device 31. The inverter 51 converts the direct current into alternating current. The inverter 51 supplies the alternating current to the electric motor 21.

[0110] 2 is a diagram showing the handlebar 13. The saddle-type electric vehicle 1 includes a main switch 52. The main switch 52 switches between an on state and an off state. The main switch 52 is operated by the driver.

[0111] The saddle-type electric vehicle 1 includes a run switch 53. The run switch 53 is also called a starter switch. The run switch 53 switches between an on state and an off state. The run switch 53 is operated by the driver.

[0112] The straddle-type electric vehicle 1 includes an accelerator 54. The accelerator 54 is attached to the handlebars 13. The accelerator 54 is, for example, an accelerator grip. The accelerator 54 is operated by the driver.

[0113] The saddle riding type electric vehicle 1 is equipped with a speed sensor 55. The speed sensor 55 detects the speed of the saddle riding type electric vehicle 1. The "speed of the saddle riding type electric vehicle 1" will be referred to as the "speed SA" as appropriate. The speed sensor 55 is installed on at least one of the front wheel 12 and the rear wheel 23, for example.

[0114] The straddle-type electric vehicle 1 includes a meter unit 56. The meter unit 56 presents the driver with information relating to the straddle-type electric vehicle 1. The information relating to the straddle-type electric vehicle 1 is, for example, the speed SA.

[0115] 3 is a block diagram of the saddle-riding type electric vehicle 1. The saddle-riding type electric vehicle 1 includes an accelerator sensor 57. The accelerator sensor 57 detects the amount of operation of the accelerator 54.

[0116] The saddle-type electric vehicle 1 includes a vehicle control unit 58. The vehicle control unit 58 is electrically connected to the main switch 52. The vehicle control unit 58 acquires the state of the main switch 52. Alternatively, the main switch 52 switches the vehicle control unit 58 between a resting state and an activated state. The vehicle control unit 58 is electrically connected to the run switch 53. The vehicle control unit 58 acquires the state of the run switch 53. The vehicle control unit 58 is electrically connected to the accelerator sensor 57. The vehicle control unit 58 acquires the detection result of the accelerator sensor 57. The vehicle control unit 58 acquires the operation amount of the accelerator 54.

[0117] The vehicle control unit 58 is electrically connected to the electric motor 21. The vehicle control unit 58 controls the electric motor 21. The vehicle control unit 58 adjusts the output of the electric motor 21.

[0118] For example, the vehicle control unit 58 controls the inverter 51. The vehicle control unit 58 adjusts the output of the electric motor 21 by controlling the inverter 51. The vehicle control unit 58 is electrically connected to the inverter 51.

[0119] When the main switch 52 is in the OFF state, the vehicle control unit 58 is in a resting state. When the vehicle control unit 58 is in a resting state, the vehicle control unit 58 does not control the electric motor 21. When the vehicle control unit 58 is in a resting state, operation of the run switch 53 is invalid. When the vehicle control unit 58 is in a resting state, operation of the accelerator 54 is invalid.

[0120] When the main switch 52 is in the on state, the vehicle control unit 58 is in the activated state. When the vehicle control unit 58 is in the activated state, operation of the run switch 53 is valid.

[0121] When the run switch 53 is in the off state, the run switch 53 inhibits operation of the electric motor 21. When the run switch 53 is in the off state, the vehicle control unit 58 does not control the electric motor 21. When the run switch 53 is in the off state, operation of the accelerator 54 is invalid. When the run switch 53 is in the off state, the vehicle control unit 58 does not operate the electric motor 21, regardless of operation of the accelerator 54.

[0122] When the run switch 53 is in the on state, the run switch 53 allows the operation of the electric motor 21. When the run switch 53 is in the on state, operation of the accelerator 54 is valid. When the run switch 53 is in the on state, the vehicle control unit 58 operates the electric motor 21 in response to operation of the accelerator 54. When the run switch 53 is in the on state, the vehicle control unit 58 adjusts the output of the electric motor 21 in response to the amount of operation of the accelerator 54.

[0123] As described above, the vehicle control unit 58 controls the electric motor 21 based on the state of the run switch 53 and the detection result of the accelerator sensor 57 .

[0124] The vehicle control unit 58 includes, for example, a processor and a memory (not shown). The vehicle control unit 58 may be configured, for example, by an ECU (Electronic Control Unit) (not shown).

[0125] 2. Configuration of Battery Device 31 The battery device 31 includes a battery 32. The battery 32 supplies power to the electric motor 21. The battery 32 is electrically connected to the electric motor 21.

[0126] For example, the battery 32 supplies power to the electric motor 21 via the inverter 51. The battery 32 is electrically connected to the inverter 51.

[0127] The output voltage of the battery 32 is, for example, higher than 12 V. The output voltage of the battery 32 is, for example, 60 V.

[0128] The battery 32 is, for example, a lithium ion battery.

[0129] The battery 32 is, for example, fixed to the body frame 3. The battery 32 is, for example, unable to swing relative to the body frame 3.

[0130] Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view illustrating the structure of the battery 32. In Fig. 4, the battery 32 is not tilted. In Fig. 4, the battery 32 is in the correct position.

[0131] For example, when the saddle riding type electric vehicle 1 is in an upright position, the battery 32 is in the correct position. When the battery 32 is detached from the saddle riding type electric vehicle 1, the position of the battery 32 does not depend on the position of the saddle riding type electric vehicle 1. Therefore, when the battery 32 is detached from the saddle riding type electric vehicle 1, the battery 32 may be in the correct position.

[0132] The battery 32 includes cells 33. The battery 32 may include one or more cells 33. Each cell 33 has a substantially common structure.

[0133] The cell 33 includes a case 34. The case 34 has an interior. The interior of the case 34 is a space. The case 34 seals the interior of the case 34. The case 34 separates the interior of the case 34 from the exterior of the case 34.

[0134] The case 34 has, for example, a rectangular outer shape. The case 34 has, for example, a box-like outer shape.

[0135] More specifically, the case 34 includes a top panel 34A. The top panel 34A is the upper part of the case 34. When the battery 32 is in the correct position, the top panel 34A is located at the top of the case 34.

[0136] The top plate 34A has a plate shape and is substantially flat.

[0137] When the battery 32 is in the correct position, the top plate 34A extends horizontally.

[0138] The case 34 has a case body 34B. The case body 34B has a box-like outer shape.

[0139] The top plate 34A is attached to the case body 34B. The top plate 34A is attached to the upper part of the case body 34B.

[0140] The cell 33 includes a terminal 35. The terminal 35 is attached to the case 34 via an insulator 36. The case 34 and the terminal 35 are electrically insulated by the insulator 36.

[0141] The terminal 35 is attached to the top plate 34A via an insulator 36. The top plate 34A and the terminal 35 are electrically insulated by the insulator 36.

[0142] The terminals 35 are located at the top of the case 34. When the battery 32 is in the correct position, the terminals 35 are located at the top of the case 34.

[0143] The terminals 35 pass through the case 34. The terminals 35 are inserted into the case 34 from the outside.

[0144] The terminals 35 penetrate the top plate 34A and are inserted from the outside of the case 34 into the inside of the case 34 through the top plate 34A.

[0145] The terminals 35 include a negative terminal 35N. The negative terminal 35N penetrates the case 34. The negative terminal 35N is inserted into the case 34 from the outside.

[0146] The terminals 35 include a positive terminal 35P. The positive terminal 35P penetrates the case 34. The positive terminal 35P is inserted into the case 34 from the outside.

[0147] The terminal 35 is made of a material different from that of the case 34. At least a portion of the terminal 35 is made of a material different from that of the case 34. At least one of the negative electrode terminal 35N and the positive electrode terminal 35P is made of a material different from that of the case 34. For example, at least a portion of the negative electrode terminal 35N is made of a material different from that of the case 34.

[0148] The terminal 35 is made of a material different from that of the top plate 34A. At least a portion of the terminal 35 is made of a material different from that of the top plate 34A. At least one of the negative electrode terminal 35N and the positive electrode terminal 35P is made of a material different from that of the top plate 34A. For example, at least a portion of the negative electrode terminal 35N is made of a material different from that of the top plate 34A.

[0149] The case 34 is made of, for example, aluminum.

[0150] The top plate 34A is made of, for example, aluminum.

[0151] The case body 34B is made of, for example, aluminum.

[0152] The negative electrode terminal 35N is made of, for example, copper. At least a portion of the negative electrode terminal 35N is made of copper. For example, the entire negative electrode terminal 35N is made of copper.

[0153] The positive electrode terminal 35P is made of, for example, aluminum.

[0154] The positive electrode terminal 35P has a larger size than the negative electrode terminal 35N, for example.

[0155] The cell 33 includes an electrolyte 37. The electrolyte 37 is stored inside the case .

[0156] The case 34 and the electrolyte 37 are electrically connected. The electrolyte 37 is in direct contact with the case 34. The electrolyte 37 is in direct contact with the inner surface of the case 34. The electrolyte 37 is in direct contact with the aluminum that forms the case 34.

[0157] The battery 32 does not have an insulating member separating the case 34 from the electrolyte 37. The inner surface of the case 34 is not covered with an insulating film.

[0158] The electrolytic solution 37 is, for example, a non-aqueous electrolyte, and includes, for example, lithium hexafluorophosphate.

[0159] The electrolyte 37 is located in the lower part of the case 34. When the battery 32 is in the correct position, the electrolyte 37 is located in the lower part of the case 34.

[0160] The electrolyte 37 does not come into direct contact with the terminals 35. When the battery 32 is in the correct position, the electrolyte 37 does not come into direct contact with the terminals 35. When the battery 32 is in the correct position, all of the terminals 35 are located above all of the electrolyte 37. When the battery 32 is in the correct position, the terminals 35 and the case 34 are not electrically connected through the electrolyte 37.

[0161] The cell 33 further includes a negative electrode, a positive electrode, and a separator (not shown). The negative electrode, the positive electrode, and the separator are installed inside the case 34. The negative electrode is electrically connected to the negative electrode terminal 35N. The positive electrode is electrically connected to the positive electrode terminal 35P. The separator is disposed between the negative electrode and the positive electrode. The electrolyte 37, the negative electrode, the positive electrode, and the separator are factors that determine the power storage capacity of the battery 32.

[0162] Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view illustrating the structure of the battery 32. In Fig. 5, the battery 32 is in a tilted state. In Fig. 5, the battery 32 is not in the correct position.

[0163] For example, when the saddle riding type electric vehicle 1 tilts to the left or right from an upright position, the battery 32 may be in a tilted state. When the battery 32 is detached from the saddle riding type electric vehicle 1, the battery 32 may be in a tilted state.

[0164] When the battery 32 tilts, the electrolyte 37 moves inside the case 34. The position of the electrolyte 37 inside the case 34 changes depending on the direction of gravity Dg.

[0165] When the battery 32 is in an inclined state, at least a portion of the terminal 35 is located at the bottom of the case 34. Therefore, when the battery 32 is in an inclined state, the electrolyte 37 may come into direct contact with the terminal 35. When the battery 32 is in an inclined state, the electrolyte 37 may come into direct contact with at least one of the negative terminal 35N and the positive terminal 35P.

[0166] When the battery 32 is in an inclined state, the electrolyte 37 may be electrically connected to the terminals 35. When the battery 32 is in an inclined state, the electrolyte 37 may be electrically connected to at least one of the negative terminal 35N and the positive terminal 35P.

[0167] As a result, the case 34 may be electrically connected to the terminal 35 through the electrolyte 37. The case 34 may be electrically connected to at least one of the negative electrode terminal 35N and the positive electrode terminal 35P through the electrolyte 37. For example, the aluminum constituting the case 34 may be electrically connected to the copper constituting the negative electrode terminal 35N through the electrolyte 37.

[0168] When the case 34 and the terminals 35 are electrically connected for a long period of time, the power storage capacity of the battery 32 may deteriorate.

[0169] For example, when the case 34 and the terminals 35 are electrically connected for a long period of time, the case 34 may corrode. The corrosion of the case 34 may form through holes in the case 34. The interior of the case 34 communicates with the exterior of the case 34 through the through holes. Air outside the case 34 may enter the interior of the case 34 through the through holes and come into contact with at least one of the electrolyte 37, the negative electrode, the positive electrode, and the separator.

[0170] For example, when the case 34 and the terminal 35 are electrically connected, the electrolyte 37 may undergo a chemical change.

[0171] For example, when the case 34 and the terminal 35 are electrically connected for a long period of time, at least one of the negative electrode, the positive electrode, and the separator may deteriorate, for example, the negative electrode, the positive electrode, and / or the separator may be damaged or dissolved.

[0172] The battery device 31 includes a tilt sensor 38 .

[0173] The tilt sensor 38 is installed in at least one cell 33. The number of tilt sensors 38 included in the battery device 31 may be one or more. The number of tilt sensors 38 included in the battery device 31 may be the same as the number of cells 33 included in the battery device 31, or may be different from the number of cells 33 included in the battery device 31.

[0174] The tilt sensor 38 is attached to the battery 32 .

[0175] For example, the tilt sensor 38 is disposed on top of the battery 32. When the battery 32 is in the correct position, the tilt sensor 38 is located on top of the battery 32.

[0176] For example, the tilt sensor 38 is disposed on the top of the cell 33. When the battery 32 is in the correct position, the tilt sensor 38 is located on the top of the cell 33.

[0177] For example, the tilt sensor 38 is disposed outside the case 34 .

[0178] For example, the tilt sensor 38 is disposed on the top of the case 34. When the battery 32 is in the correct position, the tilt sensor 38 is located on the top of the case 34.

[0179] For example, the tilt sensor 38 is attached to the case 34 .

[0180] For example, the tilt sensor 38 is attached to the top plate 34A.

[0181] The tilt sensor 38 is disposed, for example, between the negative terminal 35N and the positive terminal 35P.

[0182] 6 is a plan view of the battery 32. For example, the tilt sensor 38 is disposed between the negative terminal 35N and the positive terminal 35P in a plan view of the battery 32. The negative terminal 35N, the positive terminal 35P, and the tilt sensor 38 are aligned in a line in a plan view of the battery 32. The negative terminal 35N, the tilt sensor 38, and the positive terminal 35P are aligned in this order in a plan view of the battery 32. Here, "in a plan view of the battery 32" has the same meaning as "when viewed from a direction perpendicular to the top panel 34A."

[0183] 4 and 5, the tilt sensor 38 detects the tilt angle θA of the battery 32.

[0184] For example, in Fig. 4, the tilt angle θA of the battery 32 is, for example, 0 degrees. Note that Fig. 4 does not explicitly show the tilt angle θA. For example, when the battery 32 is in the correct posture, the tilt angle θA is 0 degrees. For example, when the saddle-type electric vehicle 1 is in an upright posture, the tilt angle θA is 0 degrees.

[0185] The tilt angle θA of the battery 32 shown in Fig. 5 is larger than the tilt angle θA of the battery 32 shown in Fig. 4. The tilt angle θA of the battery 32 in a tilted state is larger than the tilt angle θA of the battery 32 in the correct posture. For example, in Fig. 5, the tilt angle θA of the battery 32 is 60 degrees.

[0186] Strictly speaking, the inclination angle θA is defined appropriately. An example of the definition of the inclination angle θA will be described.

[0187] The tilt angle θA is, for example, the first tilt angle θA1. The tilt angle θA shown in FIG. 5 is the first tilt angle θA1. The first tilt angle θA1 is defined taking gravity into consideration. Specifically, the first tilt angle θA1 is the angle between a first imaginary plane P1 and a second imaginary plane P2. The first imaginary plane P1 and the second imaginary plane P2 are each imaginary planes. The first imaginary plane P1 is parallel to the top board 34A. The second imaginary plane P2 is perpendicular to the direction of gravity Dg.

[0188] When the tabletop 34A is horizontal, the tabletop 34A is perpendicular to the direction of gravity Dg. Therefore, when the tabletop 34A is horizontal, the first imaginary plane P1 and the second imaginary plane P2 are parallel to each other. Therefore, when the tabletop 34A is horizontal, the first tilt angle θA1 is 0 degrees.

[0189] When the tabletop 34A is vertical, the tabletop 34A is parallel to the direction of gravity Dg. Therefore, when the tabletop 34A is vertical, the first imaginary plane P1 and the second imaginary plane P2 are perpendicular to each other. Therefore, when the tabletop 34A is vertical, the first tilt angle θA1 is 90 degrees.

[0190] For example, the tilt sensor 38 detects a first tilt angle θA1 as the tilt angle θA.

[0191] The tilt sensor 38 includes at least one of a gyro sensor, an acceleration sensor, and an inertial measurement unit.

[0192] 3, the battery device 31 includes a voltage sensor 39. The voltage sensor 39 detects the voltage VA of the battery 32.

[0193] The voltage VA is also referred to as the output voltage of the battery 32. The voltage VA is, for example, the terminal voltage of the battery 32. The terminal voltage of the battery 32 is the voltage between the negative terminal 35N and the positive terminal 35P.

[0194] The battery device 31 includes a control unit 41. The control unit 41 is electrically connected to the tilt sensor 38. The control unit 41 acquires the detection result of the tilt sensor 38. The control unit 41 acquires the tilt angle θA. For example, the control unit 41 acquires a first tilt angle θA1.

[0195] The control unit 41 is electrically connected to the voltage sensor 39. The control unit 41 acquires the detection result of the voltage sensor 39. The control unit 41 acquires the voltage VA.

[0196] The control unit 41 is electrically connected to the run switch 53. The control unit 41 acquires the state of the run switch 53.

[0197] The control unit 41 obtains the accumulated time TA during which the battery 32 is in an inclined state based on the detection result of the tilt sensor 38 .

[0198] The tilt state of the battery 32 is defined by the tilt angle θA. For example, the tilt state is defined as the state of the battery 32 when the tilt angle θA is equal to or greater than a reference angle θB. When the tilt angle θA is equal to or greater than the reference angle θB, the battery 32 is in a tilted state. When the tilt angle θA is less than the reference angle θB, the battery 32 is not in a tilted state.

[0199] For example, the tilt state of the battery 32 is defined by a first tilt angle θA1. For example, the tilt state of the battery 32 is the state of the battery 32 when the first tilt angle θA1 is equal to or greater than the reference angle θB.

[0200] For example, in Fig. 4, the battery 32 is not tilted, and the tilt angle θA of the battery 32 is smaller than the reference angle θB.

[0201] For example, in Fig. 5, the battery 32 is in an inclined state, and the inclination angle θA of the battery 32 is equal to or greater than the reference angle θB.

[0202] The time during which the battery 32 is in the tilted state is appropriately referred to as the “tilt period L.” The tilt period L is, for example, a period during which the tilt angle θA is equal to or greater than the reference angle θB.

[0203] For example, the tilt period L is a period during which the first tilt angle θA1 is equal to or greater than the reference angle θB.

[0204] The cumulative time TA is a value obtained by integrating the inclination periods L. The cumulative time TA is the sum of the inclination periods L.

[0205] The control unit 41 measures the tilt period L based on the detection result of the tilt sensor 38, and obtains the cumulative time TA by integrating the tilt period L.

[0206] The control unit 41 monitors the cumulative time TA.

[0207] When the cumulative time TA is equal to or less than the limit time TB, there is substantially no possibility of deterioration in the power storage capacity of the battery 32. When the cumulative time TA exceeds the limit time TB, there is a possibility that the power storage capacity of the battery 32 will deteriorate.

[0208] Therefore, when the cumulative time TA exceeds the limit time TB, the control unit 41 performs a specific operation on the battery 32.

[0209] Referring to Fig. 3, the detailed configuration of the control unit 41 will be described.

[0210] The control unit 41 includes a storage unit 42. The storage unit 42 stores a limit time TB and a reference angle θB.

[0211] The control unit 41 includes a timer 43. The timer 43 measures the tilt period L based on the detection result of the tilt sensor 38. More specifically, the timer 43 measures the tilt period L based on the reference angle θB stored in the memory unit 42 and the tilt angle θA detected by the tilt sensor 38. Furthermore, the timer 43 integrates the tilt period L to obtain an accumulated time TA.

[0212] The control unit 41 includes a time determination unit 44. The time determination unit 44 compares the limit time TB stored in the memory unit 42 with the accumulated time TA obtained by the timer unit 43. The time determination unit 44 determines whether the accumulated time TA has exceeded the limit time TB.

[0213] The control unit 41 includes an execution unit 45. When the time determination unit 44 determines that the cumulative time TA has exceeded the limit time TB, the execution unit 45 executes a specific action.

[0214] The reference angle θB will now be described. The reference angle θB is set in advance.

[0215] The reference angle θB is, for example, a constant.

[0216] The reference angle θB is, for example, 60 degrees.

[0217] The limit time TB will now be described. The limit time TB is set in advance.

[0218] The limit time TB is, for example, shorter than the minimum value of the cumulative time TA required for the deterioration of the power storage capacity of the battery 32. The minimum value of the cumulative time TA required for the deterioration of the power storage capacity of the battery 32 is obtained by at least one of an experiment and a simulation.

[0219] The limit time TB is set based on, for example, the relationship between the cumulative time TA and the charge storage capacity of the battery, which relationship is obtained by at least one of an experiment and a simulation.

[0220] The limit time TB is, for example, a constant.

[0221] The limit time TB does not depend on, for example, the tilt angle θA of the battery 32 in the tilted state. The limit time TB does not depend on, for example, the tilt angle θA during the tilt period L.

[0222] The limit time TB is, for example, one year or more.

[0223] The limit time TB is, for example, one year.

[0224] The limit time TB is, for example, longer than one year, for example, two years.

[0225] The limit time TB is, for example, longer than two years. The limit time TB is, for example, three years.

[0226] The control unit 41 includes, for example, a processor and a memory. The memory includes a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), and a storage medium. The ROM stores various programs. The programs stored in the ROM include, for example, a battery management program. The storage medium stores the limit time TB and the reference angle θB. The processor is, for example, a CPU (Central Processing Unit). The processor performs arithmetic processing. The processor executes the programs stored in the ROM. For example, the processor executes the battery management program. For example, the processor executes the battery management program using the limit time TB and the reference angle θB stored in the storage medium. The RAM temporarily stores various information. The RAM is used as a working area for the processor. As a result, the processor and the memory realize the functions of the control unit 41. For example, the processor and the memory realize the functions of the storage unit 42, the timer unit 43, the time determination unit 44, and the execution unit 45.

[0227] The battery device 31 includes a discharge unit 46. The discharge unit 46 is for discharging the battery 32.

[0228] For example, the discharge section 46 is a resistor.

[0229] The battery device 31 includes a first switch 47. The first switch 47 electrically connects and disconnects the battery 32 and the discharge unit 46. For example, the first switch 47 opens and closes the electrical circuit between the battery 32 and the discharge unit 46. The first switch 47 is controlled by the control unit 41.

[0230] 3. Operational Example An operational example of the saddle riding type electric vehicle 1 will be described.

[0231] 1, 2, and 3, the driver sits in the seat 14 and grips the steering wheel 13. The driver turns the main switch 52 from the off state to the on state. The driver turns the run switch 53 from the off state to the on state. The driver operates the accelerator 54.

[0232] The accelerator sensor 57 detects the amount of operation of the accelerator 54. The vehicle control unit 58 acquires the amount of operation of the accelerator 54 from the accelerator sensor 57. The vehicle control unit 58 controls the electric motor 21 based on the amount of operation of the accelerator 54. The electric motor 21 drives the rear wheel 23 using power from the battery 32. The saddle-type electric vehicle 1 starts moving.

[0233] When the saddle-type electric vehicle 1 is traveling, the body frame 3 may tilt left or right from an upright position. The battery device 31 tilts integrally with the body frame 3. The battery 32 tilts integrally with the body frame 3. For this reason, when the saddle-type electric vehicle 1 is traveling, the battery 32 may temporarily be in a tilted state.

[0234] When the saddle riding type electric vehicle 1 is parked or stopped, the battery 32 may not be in an inclined state, or the battery 32 may be in an inclined state. For example, when the saddle riding type electric vehicle 1 is stopped in an upright position, the battery 32 is not in an inclined state. For example, when the saddle riding type electric vehicle 1 is stopped in a sideways position, the battery 32 is in an inclined state.

[0235] An example of the operation of the battery device 31 will now be described.

[0236] 7 is a flowchart showing the procedure of the operation of the battery device 31. An example of the operation of the battery device 31 includes a detection step, a timing step, a time determination step, and an execution step. The example of the operation of the battery device 31 is performed by the control unit 41 executing a battery management program. At least a part of this example of the operation is an example of the battery management method of the present invention.

[0237] Step S1: Detection Step The tilt sensor 38 detects the tilt angle θA.

[0238] Step S2: Timing Process The control unit 41 obtains the accumulated time TA.

[0239] Step S3: Time Determination Step The control unit 41 determines whether the cumulative time TA has exceeded the limit time TB.

[0240] When the cumulative time TA is equal to or less than the limit time TB, the time determination step is executed again. The time determination step is repeated until the cumulative time TA exceeds the limit time TB. When the cumulative time TA exceeds the limit time TB, the process moves from the time determination step to the execution step.

[0241] Step S4: Execution Step When the cumulative time TA exceeds the limit time TB, the control unit 41 executes a specific operation on the battery 32.

[0242] The specific operation includes, for example, a first operation, in which the battery 32 is discharged through the discharge unit 46 .

[0243] Please refer to Figures 3 and 8. Figure 8 is a flowchart showing the procedure of the first operation.

[0244] Step S11: The control unit 41 determines whether a first waiting condition is satisfied. The first waiting condition is that the operation of the electric motor 21 in response to the operation of the accelerator 54 is permitted.

[0245] The first waiting condition is, for example, that the run switch 53 is in an on state. The control unit 41 determines whether the first waiting condition is met based on the state of the run switch 53.

[0246] If the first waiting condition is not met, the process moves from step S11 to step S12.

[0247] If the first waiting condition is satisfied, step S11 is executed again. Step S11 is repeated until the first waiting condition is no longer satisfied. When the first waiting condition is no longer satisfied, the process proceeds from step S11 to step S12.

[0248] Step S12: The control unit 41 starts a first operation. In the first operation, the control unit 41 discharges the battery 32 through the discharge unit 46. The control unit 41 electrically connects the battery 32 to the discharge unit 46. For example, the control unit 41 controls the first switch 47 to electrically connect the battery 32 and the discharge unit 46.

[0249] In the first operation, the remaining capacity of the battery 32 decreases.

[0250] Step S13: The control unit 41 determines whether the voltage VA is equal to or lower than the reference voltage VB.

[0251] The reference voltage VB is set in advance and is equal to, for example, the discharge cut-off voltage.

[0252] The reference voltage VB is stored, for example, in the storage unit 42. The control unit 41 acquires the voltage VA of the battery 32 based on the detection result of the voltage sensor 39. The control unit 41 compares the voltage VA detected by the voltage sensor 39 with the reference voltage VB stored in the storage unit 42. In this way, the control unit 41 determines whether the voltage VA is equal to or lower than the reference voltage VB.

[0253] When the voltage VA is higher than the reference voltage VB, step S13 is executed again. Step S13 is repeated until the voltage VA becomes equal to or lower than the reference voltage VB. When the voltage VA becomes equal to or lower than the reference voltage VB, the process proceeds from step S13 to step S14.

[0254] Step S14: The control unit 41 ends the first operation. When the control unit 41 ends the first operation, the control unit 41 electrically disconnects the battery 32 from the discharge unit 46. When the control unit 41 ends the first operation, the control unit 41 controls the first switch 47 to electrically disconnect the battery 32 and the discharge unit 46.

[0255] As described above, the procedure for the first operation includes step S11. Therefore, if the first wait condition is not satisfied when the cumulative time TA exceeds the limit time TB, the control unit 41 starts the first operation. For example, if the run switch is in the off state when the cumulative time TA exceeds the limit time TB, the control unit 41 starts the first operation.

[0256] If the first wait condition is met when the cumulative time TA exceeds the limit time TB, the control unit 41 waits for the start of the first operation. For example, if the run switch is in the on state when the cumulative time TA exceeds the limit time TB, the control unit 41 waits for the start of the first operation.

[0257] The control unit 41 waits for the start of the first operation until the first waiting condition is no longer satisfied, for example, until the run switch is turned off.

[0258] When the first waiting condition is no longer satisfied, the control unit 41 starts the first operation. For example, when the run switch is turned off, the control unit 41 starts the first operation.

[0259] The procedure for the first operation includes step S13. Based on the detection result of the voltage sensor 39, the control unit 41 ends the first operation. When the voltage VA is higher than the reference voltage VB, the control unit 41 continues the first operation. When the voltage VA is equal to or lower than the reference voltage VB, the control unit 41 ends the first operation.

[0260] 4. Effects of the embodiment The battery device 31 includes a battery 32, an inclination sensor 38, and a control unit 41. The battery 32 supplies power to the electric motor 21. The electric motor 21 propels the saddle-ride type electric vehicle 1. The inclination sensor 38 detects the inclination angle θA of the battery 32. The control unit 41 obtains the accumulated time TA that the battery 32 is in an inclined state based on the detection result of the inclination sensor 38. When the accumulated time TA exceeds the limit time TB, the control unit 41 executes a specific operation on the battery 32.

[0261] Here, when the cumulative time TA exceeds the limit time TB, the power storage capacity of the battery 32 may deteriorate. Therefore, when the power storage capacity of the battery 32 may deteriorate, the specific operation is executed. Therefore, when the power storage capacity of the battery 32 may deteriorate, the battery device 31 takes appropriate measures for the battery 32. Therefore, the battery device 31 takes appropriate measures against the deterioration of the power storage capacity of the battery 32.

[0262] The cumulative time TA is a value obtained by integrating the tilt period L. The tilt period L is the period during which the battery 32 is in a tilted state. Therefore, it is easy to obtain the cumulative time TA.

[0263] The control unit 41 measures the tilt period L based on the detection result of the tilt sensor 38, and obtains the cumulative time TA by integrating the tilt period L. Therefore, it is easy for the control unit 41 to obtain the cumulative time TA.

[0264] The control unit 41 includes a memory unit 42, a timer unit 43, a time determination unit 44, and an execution unit 45. The memory unit 42 stores the limit time TB. The timer unit 43 measures the tilt period L based on the detection result of the tilt sensor 38. The timer unit 43 integrates the tilt period L to obtain the cumulative time TA. The time determination unit 44 compares the limit time TB stored in the memory unit 42 with the cumulative time TA obtained by the timer unit 43. The time determination unit 44 determines whether the cumulative time TA exceeds the limit time TB. When the time determination unit 44 determines that the cumulative time TA exceeds the limit time TB, the execution unit 45 executes a specific operation. Therefore, it is easy for the control unit 41 to obtain the cumulative time TA based on the detection result of the tilt sensor 38. It is easy for the control unit 41 to execute a specific operation when the cumulative time TA exceeds the limit time TB.

[0265] The tilt state of the battery 32 is defined by the tilt angle θA of the battery 32. Therefore, it is easy to determine whether the battery 32 is in a tilt state. Therefore, it is easy to measure the tilt period L. Therefore, it is easy to obtain the cumulative time TA.

[0266] The tilted state is defined as the state of the battery 32 when the tilt angle θA of the battery 32 is equal to or greater than the reference angle θB. Therefore, it is even easier to determine whether the battery 32 is in a tilted state.

[0267] The tilt period L is a period during which the tilt angle θA of the battery 32 is equal to or greater than the reference angle θB. Therefore, it is easier to measure the tilt period L. Therefore, it is easier to obtain the cumulative time TA.

[0268] The memory unit 42 stores the reference angle θB. The timer 43 measures the tilt period L based on the reference angle θB stored in the memory unit 42 and the tilt angle θA of the battery 32 detected by the tilt sensor 38. Therefore, it is easy for the timer 43 to measure the tilt period L. Furthermore, it is easy for the timer 43 to obtain the accumulated time TA.

[0269] The limit time TB is shorter than the minimum value of the cumulative time TA required for the deterioration of the power storage capacity of the battery 32. Therefore, when the specific operation is executed, the power storage capacity of the battery 32 has not yet deteriorated. The specific operation is executed before the power storage capacity of the battery 32 deteriorates. Therefore, the battery device 31 responds to the deterioration of the power storage capacity of the battery 32 at an appropriate timing.

[0270] The limit time TB is set based on the relationship between the cumulative time TA and the power storage capacity of the battery 32. Therefore, the limit time TB is set appropriately.

[0271] The limit time TB is one year or more. Therefore, the limit time TB is long. Therefore, the accumulated time TA is monitored over a long period of time. Therefore, the battery device 31 appropriately deals with the deterioration of the power storage capacity of the battery 32.

[0272] The limit time TB is a constant, so it is easy to identify the timing at which the cumulative time TA exceeds the limit time TB.

[0273] The battery 32 includes a case 34, terminals 35, and an electrolyte 37. The terminals 35 are attached to the case 34 via an insulator 36. The electrolyte 37 is stored inside the case 34. The terminals 35 penetrate the case 34 and are inserted from the outside of the case 34 into the inside of the case 34. The case 34 and the electrolyte 37 are electrically connected. The battery 32 has the above-described configuration. Therefore, when the battery 32 is tilted, the terminals 35 and the electrolyte 37 may be electrically connected. Therefore, when the battery 32 is tilted, the terminals 35 and the case 34 may be electrically connected through the electrolyte 37. When the terminals 35 and the case 34 are electrically connected, the power storage capacity of the battery 32 may deteriorate. However, even when the battery 32 has the above-described configuration, the battery device 31 appropriately addresses the deterioration of the power storage capacity of the battery 32. In fact, when the battery 32 has the above-described configuration, the battery device 31 achieves significant advantages.

[0274] The case 34 is in direct contact with the electrolyte 37. Therefore, when the battery 32 is tilted, the terminals 35 and the case 34 may become electrically connected through the electrolyte 37. This may cause a deterioration in the power storage capacity of the battery 32. However, even when the case 34 is in direct contact with the electrolyte 37, the battery device 31 appropriately deals with the deterioration in the power storage capacity of the battery 32.

[0275] The case 34 is made of aluminum. The terminals 35 include a negative terminal 35N. The negative terminal 35N is made of copper. The battery 32 has the above-described configuration. Therefore, the case 34 and the negative terminal 35N may be electrically connected through the electrolyte 37. When the case 34 and the negative terminal 35N are electrically connected through the electrolyte 37, the aluminum constituting the case 34 and the copper constituting the negative terminal 35N are electrically connected through the electrolyte 37. When the aluminum of the case 34 and the copper of the negative terminal 35N are electrically connected through the electrolyte 37, the storage capacity of the battery 32 is likely to deteriorate. However, even when the battery 32 has the above-described configuration, the battery device 31 appropriately addresses the deterioration of the storage capacity of the battery 32. In fact, when the battery 32 has the above-described configuration, the battery device 31 exhibits significant advantages.

[0276] The case 34 includes a top plate 34A. The top plate 34A is the upper part of the case 34. The terminal 35 penetrates the top plate 34A. The terminal 35 is inserted into the inside of the case 34 from the outside. The top plate 34A and the terminal 35 are electrically insulated by an insulator 36. The battery 32 has the above-described configuration. Therefore, when the battery 32 is tilted, the terminal 35 and the case 34 may be electrically connected through the electrolyte 37. This may cause the power storage capacity of the battery 32 to deteriorate. However, even when the battery 32 has the above-described configuration, the battery device 31 appropriately deals with the deterioration of the power storage capacity of the battery 32.

[0277] The inclination angle θA of the battery 32 is a first inclination angle θA1. The first inclination angle θA1 is the angle between the first imaginary plane P1 and the second imaginary plane P2. Therefore, the first inclination angle θA1 is correlated with the positional relationship between the terminals 35 and the electrolyte 37. Therefore, the first inclination angle θA1 is appropriate as the inclination angle θA of the battery 32 for defining the inclined state of the battery 32.

[0278] The tilt sensor 38 is attached to the battery 32. Therefore, it is easy for the tilt sensor 38 to detect the tilt angle θA of the battery 32.

[0279] The specific operation includes a first operation. In the first operation, the battery 32 is discharged through the discharge unit 46. Therefore, it is easy to reduce the remaining capacity of the battery 32. Therefore, it is difficult for the battery 32 to discharge after the first operation. Therefore, the first operation appropriately addresses the deterioration of the storage capacity of the battery 32.

[0280] When the first operation is performed, the control unit 41 electrically connects the battery 32 to the discharge unit 46. Therefore, it is easy to discharge the battery 32 through the discharge unit 46 in the first operation.

[0281] The battery device 31 includes a first switch 47. The first switch 47 electrically connects and disconnects the battery 32 from the discharge unit 46. In the first operation, the control unit 41 causes the first switch 47 to electrically connect the battery 32 to the discharge unit 46. Therefore, it is easy for the control unit 41 to electrically connect the battery 32 to the discharge unit 46 in the first operation.

[0282] The discharge unit 46 is a resistor, so it is easy for the discharge unit 46 to consume the remaining capacity of the battery 32.

[0283] If the first waiting condition is satisfied when the cumulative time TA exceeds the limit time TB, the control unit 41 waits for the start of the first operation. The first waiting condition is that operation of the electric motor 21 in response to operation of the accelerator 54 of the saddle riding type electric vehicle 1 is permitted. If the first waiting condition is satisfied when the cumulative time TA exceeds the limit time TB, the control unit 41 does not discharge the battery 32 via the discharge unit 46. Therefore, if the first waiting condition is satisfied when the cumulative time TA exceeds the limit time TB, the control unit 41 permits the battery 32 to supply sufficient power to the electric motor 21. Therefore, if the first waiting condition is satisfied when the cumulative time TA exceeds the limit time TB, the electric motor 21 operates smoothly in response to operation of the accelerator 54. Therefore, if the first waiting condition is satisfied when the cumulative time TA exceeds the limit time TB, it is easy for the driver of the saddle riding type electric vehicle 1 to drive the electric motor 21 by operating the accelerator 54.

[0284] The control unit 41 waits for the start of the first operation until the first waiting condition is no longer satisfied. Therefore, the battery device 31 does not interfere with the smooth operation of the electric motor 21 in response to the operation of the accelerator 54.

[0285] When the first waiting condition is no longer satisfied, the control unit 41 starts the first operation. Therefore, the control unit 41 starts the first operation at an appropriate timing.

[0286] When the voltage VA of the battery 32 is equal to or lower than the reference voltage VB, the control unit 41 ends the first operation. Therefore, the control unit 41 ends the first operation at an appropriate timing.

[0287] The battery device 31 includes a voltage sensor 39. The voltage sensor 39 detects the voltage VA of the battery 32. The control unit 41 ends the first operation based on the detection result of the voltage sensor 39. Therefore, the control unit 41 ends the first operation at an appropriate timing.

[0288] When the control unit 41 ends the first operation, the control unit 41 electrically disconnects the battery 32 from the discharge unit 46. Therefore, the first operation ends appropriately.

[0289] When the control unit 41 ends the first operation, the control unit 41 controls the first switch 47 to electrically disconnect the battery 32 from the discharge unit 46. Therefore, it is easy for the control unit 41 to electrically disconnect the battery 32 from the discharge unit 46 when the first operation ends.

[0290] The saddle-riding type electric vehicle 1 includes an electric motor 21 and a battery device 31. The electric motor 21 propels the saddle-riding type electric vehicle 1. The battery device 31 includes a battery 32, an inclination sensor 38, and a control unit 41. The battery 32 supplies power to the electric motor 21. The inclination sensor 38 detects the inclination angle θA of the battery 32. The control unit 41 obtains the accumulated time TA that the battery 32 is in an inclined state based on the detection result of the inclination sensor 38. When the accumulated time TA exceeds the limit time TB, the control unit 41 executes a specific operation.

[0291] Here, when the cumulative time TA exceeds the limit time TB, the power storage capacity of the battery 32 may deteriorate. Therefore, when the power storage capacity of the battery 32 may deteriorate, the specific operation is executed. Thus, the battery device 31 appropriately deals with the deterioration of the power storage capacity of the battery 32. In other words, the saddle riding type electric vehicle 1 appropriately deals with the deterioration of the power storage capacity of the battery 32.

[0292] The electric motor 21 propels the saddle-type electric vehicle 1. The battery 32 supplies power to the electric motor 21. The battery 32 management method includes a timing step, a time determination step, and an execution step. In the timing step, the accumulated time TA that the battery 32 is in an inclined state is obtained. In the time determination step, it is determined whether the accumulated time TA has exceeded a limit time TB. In the execution step, a specific operation is performed on the battery 32 when the accumulated time TA exceeds the limit time TB.

[0293] Here, when the cumulative time TA exceeds the limit time TB, the power storage capacity of the battery 32 may deteriorate. Therefore, the specific operation is executed when the power storage capacity of the battery 32 may deteriorate. Therefore, the management method for the battery 32 appropriately deals with the deterioration of the power storage capacity of the battery 32.

[0294] 5. Modified Embodiments The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and can be modified as follows.

[0295] (1) The limit time TB may be a variable. This makes it easy to change the timing at which the cumulative time TA exceeds the limit time TB. In other words, it is easy to change the timing at which a specific operation is performed. It is easy to change the timing at which the battery device 31 responds to the deterioration of the power storage capacity of the battery 32.

[0296] For example, the limit time TB is a variable that depends on the tilt angle θA of the battery 32 in the tilted state. In other words, the limit time TB is a variable that depends on the tilt angle θA during the tilt period L. This allows the timing at which the battery device 31 responds to the deterioration of the battery's power storage capacity to be appropriately changed.

[0297] For example, the limit time TB becomes shorter as the tilt angle θA of the battery 32 in the tilted state increases. In other words, the limit time TB becomes shorter as the tilt angle θA during the tilt period L increases. This makes it easy to set the limit time TB as a variable that depends on the tilt angle θA of the battery 32 in the tilted state.

[0298] The inclination state of the battery 32 is classified into a "gentle inclination state" and a "steep inclination state." The gentle inclination state is defined as the state of the battery 32 when the inclination angle θA of the battery 32 is equal to or greater than the small reference angle θBS. The steep inclination state is defined as the state of the battery 32 when the inclination angle θA of the battery 32 is equal to or greater than the large reference angle θBL. The accumulated time TA during which the battery 32 is in the gentle inclination state is referred to as the "first accumulated time TA1." The accumulated time TA during which the battery 32 is in the steep inclination state is referred to as the "second accumulated time TA2." The control unit 41 acquires the first accumulated time TA1 and the second accumulated time TA2 based on the detection result of the inclination sensor 38. When the first accumulated time TA1 exceeds the first limit time TB1 or when the second accumulated time TA2 exceeds the second limit time TB2, the control unit 41 executes a specific operation. The time when the first accumulated time TA1 exceeds the first limit time TB1 is referred to as the "first timing." The time when the second accumulated time TA2 exceeds the second limit time TB2 is called the "second timing." When the first timing is earlier than the second timing, the control unit 41 executes the specific action at the first timing. When the second timing is earlier than the first timing, the control unit 41 executes the specific action at the second timing. Here, the large reference angle θBL is greater than the small reference angle θBS. The second limit time TB2 is shorter than the first limit time TB1. This makes it easy to set the limit time TB as a variable that depends on the tilt angle θA of the battery 32 in a tilted state. Furthermore, it is easy to shorten the limit time TB as the tilt angle θA of the battery 32 in a tilted state increases.

[0299] (2) Another example of the definition of the inclination angle θA will be explained.

[0300] 9 is a cross-sectional view illustrating the structure of the battery 32. Note that the same components as those in the embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals and detailed description thereof will be omitted.

[0301] For example, the inclination angle θA is a second inclination angle θA2. The second inclination angle θA2 is defined taking into consideration the acceleration acting on the battery 32. Specifically, the second inclination angle θA2 is the angle between a first imaginary plane P1 and a third imaginary plane P3. The first imaginary plane P1 and the third imaginary plane P3 are each imaginary planes. The first imaginary plane P1 is parallel to the top plate 34A. The third imaginary plane P3 is perpendicular to the direction Da of the acceleration acting on the battery 32.

[0302] In Fig. 9, the first imaginary plane P1 and the third imaginary plane P3 are parallel to each other. Therefore, in Fig. 9, the second tilt angle θA2 is 0 degrees. Note that Fig. 9 does not explicitly show the second tilt angle θA2.

[0303] For example, in Fig. 9, the second tilt angle θA2 is less than the reference angle θB. When the tilt angle θA is the second tilt angle θA2, the battery 32 shown in Fig. 9 is not in a tilted state. When the tilt angle θA is the second tilt angle θA2, the battery 32 shown in Fig. 9 is not in the tilt period L.

[0304] The position of the electrolyte 37 in the case 34 changes depending on the direction Da of acceleration acting on the battery 32. Therefore, the second tilt angle θA2 is more correlated with the positional relationship between the terminals 35 and the electrolyte 37. Therefore, the second tilt angle θA2 is more appropriate as the tilt angle θA for defining the tilt state of the battery 32.

[0305] For example, the acceleration acting on the battery 32 is the resultant force of gravity and the centrifugal force acting on the battery 32. For example, the direction Da is the direction of the resultant force of gravity and the centrifugal force acting on the battery 32. The second tilt angle θA2 is defined taking into consideration gravity and the centrifugal force acting on the battery 32. Accordingly, even when the saddle riding type electric vehicle 1 turns on a curved road, the second tilt angle θA2 is appropriate as the tilt angle θA for defining the tilt state of the battery 32.

[0306] For example, when the saddle-type electric vehicle 1 is turning on a curved road, centrifugal force acts on the battery 32. Therefore, the terminals 35 and the electrolyte 37 may be positioned as shown in FIG. 9 . In the positional relationship between the terminals 35 and the electrolyte 37 shown in FIG. 9 , even though at least a portion of the terminals 35 is located at the bottom of the case 34, there is no risk of the terminals 35 coming into contact with the electrolyte 37. As described above, when the tilt angle θA is the second tilt angle θA2, the battery 32 shown in FIG. 9 is not in the tilt period L. Therefore, the tilt period L does not include a period during which there is no risk of the terminals 35 coming into contact with the electrolyte 37. Therefore, when the tilt angle θA is the second tilt angle θA2, the tilt period L is measured with high accuracy. Therefore, when the tilt angle θA is the second tilt angle θA2, the accumulated time TA can be obtained with high accuracy.

[0307] For example, the tilt sensor 38 may detect the second tilt angle θA2. In this case, the control unit 41 obtains the second tilt angle θA2 based on the detection result of the tilt sensor 38.

[0308] Alternatively, the inclination sensor 38 may detect the first inclination angle θA1 without detecting the second inclination angle θA2. In this case, the control unit 41 obtains the centrifugal force acting on the battery 32 based on the first inclination angle θA1 obtained from the inclination sensor 38 and the speed SA obtained from the speed sensor 55. Then, the control unit 41 obtains the second inclination angle θA2 based on the first inclination angle θA1 and the centrifugal force acting on the battery 32.

[0309] (3) The reference angle θB may be a variable. This makes it easy to change the definition of the tilt state of the battery 32.

[0310] For example, the reference angle θB is a variable that depends on the speed SA of the saddle riding type electric vehicle 1. Therefore, the tilt state of the battery 32 is defined by the tilt angle θA and the speed SA.

[0311] For example, the reference angle θB when the saddle riding type electric vehicle 1 is traveling is larger than the reference angle θB when the saddle riding type electric vehicle 1 is stopped. Therefore, the tilt state of the battery 32 is more appropriately defined.

[0312] For example, the reference angle θB when the speed SA is equal to or greater than the threshold value is greater than the reference angle θB when the speed SA is less than the threshold value. Therefore, the tilt state of the battery 32 is more appropriately defined.

[0313] For example, as the speed SA increases, the reference angle θB increases, so that the tilt state of the battery 32 is more appropriately defined.

[0314] For example, the reference angle θB is a variable that depends on the definition of the inclination angle θA. For example, the reference angle θB when the inclination angle θA is the second inclination angle θA2 may be different from the reference angle θB when the inclination angle θA is the first inclination angle θA1. This allows the inclination state of the battery 32 to be more appropriately defined.

[0315] (4) Examples of specific actions other than the first action are given below. For example, the specific action may include at least one of the first action, the second action, the third action, and the fourth action. For example, the specific action may include all of the first action, the second action, the third action, and the fourth action.

[0316] The second action is to prohibit the supply of power from the battery 32 to the electric motor 21. The third action is to prohibit charging of the battery 32. The fourth action is to issue an alarm.

[0317] A saddle-type electric vehicle 1 according to first, second, and third modified embodiments will be described with reference to the drawings.

[0318] (4-1) First Modified Embodiment The first modified embodiment is for executing the second operation.

[0319] 10 is a block diagram of a straddle-type electric vehicle according to the first modified embodiment. Note that the same components as those in the embodiment are given the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof will be omitted.

[0320] The battery device 31 includes a second switch 48. The second switch 48 electrically connects and disconnects the battery 32 and the electric motor 21. For example, the second switch 48 opens and closes the electric circuit between the battery 32 and the electric motor 21. The second switch 48 is controlled by the control unit 41.

[0321] The control unit 41 is electrically connected to the speed sensor 55. The control unit 41 acquires the detection result of the speed sensor 55. The control unit 41 acquires the speed SA.

[0322] The battery device 31 includes an identification sensor 61. The identification sensor 61 acquires identification information of the battery 32.

[0323] The control unit 41 is electrically connected to the identification sensor 61. The control unit 41 acquires the detection result of the identification sensor 61. The control unit 41 acquires the identification information of the battery 32.

[0324] The second operation will now be described with reference to a flowchart of FIG.

[0325] Step S21: The control unit 41 determines whether or not a second waiting condition is met based on the detection result of the speed sensor 55. The second waiting condition is that the saddle riding type electric vehicle 1 is traveling.

[0326] The second waiting condition is, for example, that the speed SA of the saddle riding type electric vehicle 1 is equal to or greater than the reference speed SB.

[0327] The reference speed SB is set in advance and is, for example, 10 km / h.

[0328] The reference speed SB is stored, for example, in the storage unit 42. The control unit 41 compares the speed SA detected by the speed sensor 55 with the reference speed SB stored in the storage unit 42. In this way, the control unit 41 determines whether the speed SA is equal to or greater than the reference speed SB.

[0329] If the second waiting condition is not met, the process moves from step S21 to step S22.

[0330] If the second waiting condition is satisfied, step S21 is executed again. Step S21 is repeated until the second waiting condition is no longer satisfied. When the second waiting condition is no longer satisfied, the process proceeds from step S21 to step S22.

[0331] In step S22, the control unit 41 starts the second operation. In the second operation, the control unit 41 prohibits the supply of power from the battery 32 to the electric motor 21. In the second operation, the control unit 41 electrically disconnects the battery 32 from the electric motor 21. For example, in the second operation, the control unit 41 controls the second switch 48 to electrically disconnect the battery 32 and the electric motor 21.

[0332] Step S23: The control unit 41 determines whether the battery 32 has been replaced with a new battery.

[0333] The "battery 32" is referred to as the "first battery 32a." The cumulative time TA of the first battery 32a is equal to or greater than the limit time TB. The "new battery" is referred to as the "second battery 32b." The cumulative time TA of the second battery 32b is less than the limit time TB. The identification information of the second battery 32b is different from the identification information of the first battery 32a. The control unit 41 determines whether the first battery 32a has been replaced with the second battery 32b based on the detection result of the identification sensor 61.

[0334] If the first battery 32a has not been replaced with the second battery 32b, step S23 is executed again. Step S23 is repeated until the first battery 32a has been replaced with the second battery 32b. If the first battery 32a has been replaced with the second battery 32b, the process proceeds from step S23 to step S24.

[0335] Step S24: The control unit 41 ends the second operation. When the control unit 41 ends the second operation, the control unit 41 allows the supply of power from the second battery 32b to the electric motor 21. The control unit 41 electrically connects the second battery 32b to the electric motor 21. The control unit 41 controls the second switch 48 to electrically connect the battery 32b and the electric motor 21.

[0336] As described above, the procedure for the second operation includes step S21. Therefore, if the second waiting condition is not satisfied when the cumulative time TA exceeds the limit time TB, the control unit 41 starts the second operation. For example, if the speed SA is less than the reference speed SB when the cumulative time TA exceeds the limit time TB, the control unit 41 starts the second operation.

[0337] If the second waiting condition is met when the cumulative time TA exceeds the limit time TB, the control unit 41 waits for the start of the second operation. For example, if the speed SA is equal to or greater than the reference speed SB when the cumulative time TA exceeds the limit time TB, the control unit 41 waits for the start of the second operation.

[0338] The control unit 41 waits for the start of the second operation until the second waiting condition is no longer satisfied, for example, until the speed SA becomes less than the reference speed SB.

[0339] When the second waiting condition is no longer satisfied, the control unit 41 starts the second operation. For example, when the speed SA becomes lower than the reference speed SB, the control unit 41 starts the second operation.

[0340] The procedure of the second operation includes step S23. Therefore, the second operation continues until the first battery 32a is replaced with the second battery 32b. When the first battery 32a is replaced with the second battery 32b, the second operation ends.

[0341] The effects of the first modified embodiment will be described.

[0342] In the first modified embodiment, the specific operation includes a second operation. In the second operation, the supply of power from the battery 32 to the electric motor 21 is prohibited. Therefore, in the second operation, the battery 32 is not used to propel the saddle riding type electric vehicle 1. Therefore, the second operation appropriately addresses the deterioration of the power storage capacity of the battery 32.

[0343] In the second operation, the control unit 41 electrically disconnects the battery 32 from the electric motor 21. Therefore, it is easy to prohibit the supply of power from the battery 32 to the electric motor 21 in the second operation.

[0344] If the second waiting condition is met when the cumulative time TA exceeds the limit time TB, the control unit 41 waits for the start of the second operation. The second waiting condition is that the saddle riding type electric vehicle 1 is traveling. If the second waiting condition is met when the cumulative time TA exceeds the limit time TB, the control unit 41 does not prohibit the supply of power from the battery 32 to the electric motor 21. Therefore, if the second waiting condition is met when the cumulative time TA exceeds the limit time TB, the control unit 41 allows the supply of power from the battery 32 to the electric motor 21. Therefore, if the second waiting condition is met when the cumulative time TA exceeds the limit time TB, the electric motor 21 smoothly propels the saddle riding type electric vehicle 1. In other words, if the second waiting condition is met when the cumulative time TA exceeds the limit time TB, the saddle riding type electric vehicle 1 smoothly travels. Therefore, if the second waiting condition is met when the cumulative time TA exceeds the limit time TB, it is easy for the driver to smoothly drive the saddle riding type electric vehicle 1.

[0345] The control unit 41 waits for the start of the second operation until the second waiting condition is no longer satisfied, so that the battery device 31 does not interfere with the running of the saddle riding type electric vehicle 1 .

[0346] When the second waiting condition is no longer satisfied, the control unit 41 starts the second operation. Therefore, the control unit 41 starts the second operation at an appropriate timing.

[0347] The control unit 41 continues the second operation until the first battery 32 a is replaced with the second battery 32 b. Therefore, the second operation more appropriately deals with the deterioration of the power storage capacity of the battery 32 .

[0348] When the first battery 32a is replaced with the second battery 32b, the control unit 41 ends the second operation. Therefore, the control unit 41 ends the second operation at an appropriate timing.

[0349] (4-2) Second Modified Embodiment The second modified embodiment is for executing the third operation.

[0350] 12 is a block diagram of a straddle-type electric vehicle according to a second modified embodiment. Note that the same components as those in the embodiment are given the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof will be omitted.

[0351] The battery device 31 includes a third switch 49. The third switch 49 electrically connects and disconnects the battery 32 and the power supply source 71. For example, the third switch 49 opens and closes the electric circuit between the battery 32 and the power supply source 71. The third switch 49 is controlled by the control unit 41.

[0352] The power supply source 71 is for charging the battery 32. The power supply source 71 supplies power to the battery 32. The power supply source 71 is an external power source provided outside the saddle riding type electric vehicle 1. The power supply source 71 is provided, for example, in a home. The power supply source 71 is provided, for example, in a charging station. The power supply source 71 is, for example, a commercial power source.

[0353] The third operation will now be described with reference to a flowchart of FIG.

[0354] Step S31: When the cumulative time TA exceeds the limit time TB, the control unit 41 starts a third operation. In the third operation, the control unit 41 prohibits charging of the battery 32. In the third operation, the control unit 41 electrically disconnects the battery 32 from the power supply source 71. For example, in the third operation, the control unit 41 controls the third switch 49 to electrically disconnect the battery 32 from the power supply source 71.

[0355] When the cumulative time TA exceeds the limit time TB while the battery 41 is being charged, the control unit 41 stops charging the battery 32. When the cumulative time TA exceeds the limit time TB while the battery 41 is being charged, the control unit 41 forcibly terminates charging of the battery 32. When the cumulative time TA exceeds the limit time TB while the battery 41 is being charged, the control unit 41 forcibly electrically disconnects the battery 41 from the power supply source 71. For example, when the cumulative time TA exceeds the limit time TB while the battery 41 is being charged, the control unit 41 controls the third switch 49 to forcibly electrically disconnect the battery 41 from the power supply source 71.

[0356] In step S32, the control unit 41 determines whether the battery 32 has been replaced with a new battery. Specifically, the control unit 41 determines, based on the detection result of the identification sensor 61, whether the first battery 32a has been replaced with the second battery 32b.

[0357] If the first battery 32a has not been replaced with the second battery 32b, step S32 is executed again. Step S32 is repeated until the first battery 32a has been replaced with the second battery 32b. If the first battery 32a has been replaced with the second battery 32b, the process proceeds from step S32 to step S33.

[0358] Step S33: The control unit 41 ends the third operation. When the control unit 41 ends the third operation, the control unit 41 allows the second battery 32b to be charged. The control unit 41 electrically connects the second battery 32b to the power supply source 71. The control unit 41 controls the third switch 49 to electrically connect the battery 32b and the power supply source 71.

[0359] As described above, the procedure for the third operation includes step S32. Therefore, the third operation continues until the first battery 32a is replaced with the second battery 32b. When the first battery 32a is replaced with the second battery 32b, the third operation ends.

[0360] The effects of the second modified embodiment will be described.

[0361] In the second modified embodiment, the specific operation includes a third operation. In the third operation, charging of the battery 32 is prohibited. That is, in the third operation, the battery 32 is not charged. Therefore, the third operation appropriately deals with the deterioration of the power storage capacity of the battery 32.

[0362] In the third operation, the control unit 41 electrically disconnects the battery 32 from the power supply source 71. Therefore, in the third operation, it is easy to prohibit charging of the battery 32. In other words, it is easy to prohibit the supply of power from the power supply source 71 to the battery 32 in the third operation.

[0363] When the cumulative time TA exceeds the limit time TB during charging of the battery 32, the control unit 41 stops charging of the battery 32. Therefore, it is easy for the control unit 41 to quickly start the third operation.

[0364] The control unit 41 continues the third operation until the first battery 32 a is replaced with the second battery 32 b. Therefore, the third operation more appropriately deals with the deterioration of the power storage capacity of the battery 32 .

[0365] When the first battery 32a is replaced with the second battery 32b, the control unit 41 ends the third operation. Therefore, the control unit 41 ends the third operation at an appropriate timing.

[0366] (4-3) Third Modified Embodiment The third modified embodiment is for executing the fourth operation.

[0367] 14 is a block diagram of a straddle-type electric vehicle according to a third modified embodiment. Note that the same components as those in the embodiment are given the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof will be omitted.

[0368] The control unit 41 is electrically connected to the meter unit 56. The control unit 41 controls the meter unit 56.

[0369] The meter unit 56 is configured to be able to issue an alarm. The alarm is intended to notify the user of a deterioration in the power storage capacity of the battery 32. The meter unit 56 issues the alarm using at least one of light, sound, and vibration.

[0370] The fourth operation will now be described with reference to a flowchart of FIG.

[0371] Step S41: When the cumulative time TA exceeds the limit time TB, the control unit 41 starts the fourth operation, in which the control unit 41 causes the meter unit 56 to issue an alarm.

[0372] In step S42, the control unit 41 determines whether the battery 32 has been replaced with a new battery. Specifically, the control unit 41 determines, based on the detection result of the identification sensor 61, whether the first battery 32a has been replaced with the second battery 32b.

[0373] If the first battery 32a has not been replaced with the second battery 32b, step S42 is executed again. Step S42 is repeated until the first battery 32a has been replaced with the second battery 32b. If the first battery 32a has been replaced with the second battery 32b, the process proceeds from step S42 to step S43.

[0374] Step S43: The control unit 41 ends the fourth operation. When the control unit 41 ends the fourth operation, the control unit 41 cancels the alarm. The meter unit 56 stops issuing the alarm.

[0375] As described above, the procedure for the fourth operation includes step S42. Therefore, the fourth operation continues until the first battery 32a is replaced with the second battery 32b. When the first battery 32a is replaced with the second battery 32b, the fourth operation ends.

[0376] In the third modified embodiment, the meter unit 56 is an example of the output unit of the present invention.

[0377] The effects of the third modified embodiment will be described.

[0378] In the third modified embodiment, the specific operation includes a fourth operation, in which an alarm is issued from the meter unit 56. Therefore, the fourth operation appropriately deals with the deterioration of the power storage capacity of the battery 32.

[0379] The control unit 41 continues the fourth operation until the first battery 32 a is replaced with the second battery 32 b. Therefore, the fourth operation more appropriately deals with the deterioration of the power storage capacity of the battery 32 .

[0380] When the first battery 32a is replaced with the second battery 32b, the control unit 41 ends the fourth operation. Therefore, the control unit 41 ends the fourth operation at an appropriate timing.

[0381] (5) In the embodiment, when the first operation is not performed, the first operation may be prohibited. In this way, the first operation is performed only when the specific operation is performed. Therefore, the discharge unit 46 is provided only for the specific operation. The discharge unit 46 is used only during the specific operation. The discharge unit 46 is solely for reducing the remaining capacity of the battery 32. Therefore, it is even easier to reduce the remaining capacity of the battery 32 in the first operation.

[0382] For example, when the specific operation is not performed, the control unit 41 disconnects the battery 32 from the discharge unit 46. This makes it easy to prohibit the first operation when the first operation is not performed.

[0383] For example, when the first operation is not performed, the control unit 41 controls the first switch 47 to electrically disconnect the battery 32 from the discharge unit 46. This makes it easy for the control unit 41 to electrically disconnect the battery 32 from the discharge unit 46 when the first operation is not performed.

[0384] (6) In the first modified embodiment, when the second operation is not being performed, the control unit 41 may allow the supply of power from the battery 32 to the electric motor 21. For example, when the second operation is not being performed, the control unit 41 electrically connects the battery 32 to the electric motor 21. For example, when the second operation is not being performed, the control unit 41 controls the second switch 48 to electrically connect the battery 32 and the electric motor 21. In this manner, the second switch 48 is provided only for the second operation. The second switch 48 electrically disconnects the battery 32 and the electric motor 21 only during the second operation.

[0385] (7) In the second modified embodiment, when the third operation is not performed, the control unit 41 may allow charging of the battery 32. For example, when the third operation is not performed, the control unit 41 electrically connects the battery 32 to the power supply source 71. For example, when the third operation is not performed, the control unit 41 controls the third switch 49 to electrically connect the battery 32 and the power supply source 71. In this manner, the third switch 49 is provided only for the third operation. The third switch 49 electrically disconnects the battery 32 from the power supply source 71 only during the third operation.

[0386] (8) The first waiting condition may be that the second switch 48 electrically connects the battery 32 and the electric motor 21. In this case, the control unit 41 determines whether the first waiting condition is satisfied based on the state of the second switch 48.

[0387] (9) In the embodiment, step S11 may be modified as appropriate.

[0388] A modification of step S11 will be described. For example, step S11 is omitted. When the cumulative time TA exceeds the limit time TB, the control unit 41 starts the first operation. Even if the first waiting condition is satisfied when the cumulative time TA exceeds the limit time TB, the control unit 41 does not wait for the start of the first operation. Even if the first waiting condition is satisfied when the cumulative time TA exceeds the limit time TB, the control unit 41 starts the first operation.

[0389] Another modification of step S11 will be described. For example, in step S11, the first waiting condition is changed to a second waiting condition. The second waiting condition has been described in the first modified embodiment.

[0390] Specifically, if the second wait condition is satisfied when the cumulative time TA exceeds the limit time TB, the control unit 41 waits for the start of the first operation. Accordingly, if the second wait condition is satisfied when the cumulative time TA exceeds the limit time TB, the control unit 41 does not discharge the battery 32 through the discharge unit 46. Therefore, if the second wait condition is satisfied when the cumulative time TA exceeds the limit time TB, the control unit 41 allows the battery 32 to supply sufficient power to the electric motor 21. Therefore, if the second wait condition is satisfied when the cumulative time TA exceeds the limit time TB, the electric motor 21 smoothly propels the saddle riding type electric vehicle 1. In other words, if the second wait condition is satisfied when the cumulative time TA exceeds the limit time TB, the saddle riding type electric vehicle 1 runs smoothly. Therefore, if the second wait condition is satisfied when the cumulative time TA exceeds the limit time TB, it is easy for the driver to smoothly drive the saddle riding type electric vehicle 1.

[0391] For example, the control unit 41 waits for the start of the first operation until the second waiting condition is no longer satisfied. Therefore, the battery device 31 does not interfere with the running of the saddle riding type electric vehicle 1.

[0392] For example, when the second waiting condition is no longer satisfied, the control unit 41 starts the first operation. Therefore, the control unit 41 starts the first operation at an appropriate timing.

[0393] (10) In the first modified embodiment, step S21 may be modified as appropriate.

[0394] A modification of step S21 will be described. For example, step S21 is omitted. When the cumulative time TA exceeds the limit time TB, the control unit 41 starts the second operation. Even if the second waiting condition is satisfied when the cumulative time TA exceeds the limit time TB, the control unit 41 does not wait for the start of the second operation. Even if the second waiting condition is satisfied when the cumulative time TA exceeds the limit time TB, the control unit 41 starts the second operation.

[0395] Another modification of step S21 will be described. For example, in step S21, the second waiting condition is changed to the first waiting condition.

[0396] Specifically, if the first wait condition is satisfied when the cumulative time TA exceeds the limit time TB, the control unit 41 waits for the start of the second operation. Accordingly, if the first wait condition is satisfied when the cumulative time TA exceeds the limit time TB, the control unit 41 does not prohibit the supply of power from the battery 32 to the electric motor 21. Therefore, if the first wait condition is satisfied when the cumulative time TA exceeds the limit time TB, the control unit 41 allows the supply of power from the battery 32 to the electric motor 21. Therefore, if the first wait condition is satisfied when the cumulative time TA exceeds the limit time TB, the electric motor 21 operates smoothly in response to operation of the accelerator 54. Therefore, if the first wait condition is satisfied when the cumulative time TA exceeds the limit time TB, it is easy for the driver of the saddle-riding type electric vehicle 1 to drive the electric motor 21 by operating the accelerator 54.

[0397] For example, the control unit 41 waits for the start of the second operation until the first waiting condition is no longer satisfied. Therefore, the battery device 31 does not interfere with the smooth operation of the electric motor 21 in response to the operation of the accelerator 54.

[0398] For example, when the first waiting condition is no longer satisfied, the control unit 41 starts the second operation. Therefore, the control unit 41 starts the second operation at an appropriate timing.

[0399] (11) The second operation may prohibit the supply of power from the battery 32 to the electric motor 21 without using the second switch 48. For example, in the second operation, the control unit 41 keeps the run switch 53 in the off state. For example, in the second operation, the control unit 41 holds the run switch 53 in the off state. For example, in the second operation, the control unit 41 prohibits the run switch 53 from switching from the off state to the on state. For example, in the second operation, the control unit 41 prohibits the run switch 53 from switching from the off state to the on state, regardless of the operation of the run switch 53. In this way, it is easy to prohibit the supply of power from the battery 32 to the electric motor 21 in the second operation.

[0400] (12) The alarm in the fourth operation may be issued from an internal device of the battery device 31. For example, the battery device 31 includes an output unit (not shown). The output unit issues the alarm. The output unit issues the alarm using at least one of light, sound, and vibration.

[0401] (13) In the embodiment, the control unit 41 may execute a specific operation when the tilt sensor 38 is abnormal. For example, the control unit 41 executes the specific operation not only when the cumulative time TA exceeds the limit time TB but also when the tilt sensor 38 is abnormal. When the tilt sensor 38 is abnormal, it is unclear whether the power storage capacity of the battery 32 will deteriorate. The specific operation is executed even when it is unclear whether the power storage capacity of the battery 32 will deteriorate. Thus, the battery device 31 more appropriately deals with deterioration of the power storage capacity of the battery 32.

[0402] Here, "the tilt sensor 38 is abnormal" refers to, for example, the following states: For example, the tilt angle θA output by the tilt sensor 38 is an abnormal value; For example, the tilt sensor 38 does not output the tilt angle θA to the control unit 41; For example, the control unit 41 cannot obtain the detection result of the tilt sensor 38; or For example, the tilt sensor 38 is damaged.

[0403] (14) The period during which the tilt sensor 38 detects the tilt angle θA of the battery 32 may be changed as appropriate.

[0404] For example, when the saddle riding type electric vehicle 1 is traveling and when the saddle riding type electric vehicle 1 is stopped, the inclination sensor 38 detects the inclination angle θA of the battery 32. This makes it easy to monitor the inclination angle θA of the battery 32 when the saddle riding type electric vehicle 1 is traveling and when the saddle riding type electric vehicle 1 is stopped.

[0405] For example, when the saddle riding type electric vehicle 1 is traveling, the inclination sensor 38 does not detect the inclination angle θA of the battery 32. Only when the saddle riding type electric vehicle 1 is stopped, the inclination sensor 38 detects the inclination angle θA of the battery 32. This makes it even easier to monitor the inclination angle θA of the battery 32.

[0406] For example, when the speed SA is equal to or greater than the reference speed SB, the inclination sensor 38 does not detect the inclination angle θA of the battery 32. Only when the speed SA of the saddle riding type electric vehicle 1 is less than the reference speed SB, the inclination sensor 38 detects the inclination angle θA of the battery 32. This makes it even easier to monitor the inclination angle θA of the battery 32.

[0407] For example, when the main switch 52 is in the on state and when the main switch 52 is in the off state, the inclination sensor 38 detects the inclination angle θA of the battery 32. This makes it easy to monitor the inclination angle θA of the battery 32 when the main switch 52 is in the on state and when the main switch 52 is in the off state.

[0408] For example, when the run switch 53 is in the on state and when the run switch 53 is in the off state, the tilt sensor 38 detects the tilt angle θA of the battery 32. This makes it easy to monitor the tilt angle θA of the battery 32 when the run switch 53 is in the on state and when the run switch 53 is in the off state.

[0409] For example, when the run switch 53 is in the on state, the tilt sensor 38 does not detect the tilt angle θA of the battery 32. Only when the run switch 53 is in the off state, the tilt sensor 38 detects the tilt angle θA of the battery 32. This makes it easy to monitor the tilt angle θA of the battery 32.

[0410] (15) The period for acquiring the cumulative time TA may be changed as appropriate.

[0411] For example, when the saddle riding type electric vehicle 1 is traveling and when the saddle riding type electric vehicle 1 is stopped, the control unit 41 acquires the accumulated time TA based on the detection results of the tilt sensor 38. This makes it easy to monitor the accumulated time TA when the saddle riding type electric vehicle 1 is traveling and when the saddle riding type electric vehicle 1 is stopped.

[0412] For example, when the saddle riding type electric vehicle 1 is traveling, the control unit 41 does not acquire the accumulated time TA. Only when the saddle riding type electric vehicle 1 is stopped, the control unit 41 acquires the accumulated time TA based on the detection result of the tilt sensor 38. This makes it even easier to monitor the accumulated time TA.

[0413] For example, when the speed SA is equal to or greater than the reference speed SB, the control unit 41 does not acquire the accumulated time TA. Only when the speed SA of the saddle-riding type electric vehicle 1 is less than the reference speed SB, the control unit 41 acquires the accumulated time TA based on the detection result of the inclination sensor 38. This makes it even easier to monitor the inclination angle θA of the battery 32.

[0414] For example, when the main switch 52 is in the on state and when the main switch 52 is in the off state, the control unit 41 acquires the accumulated time TA based on the detection result of the tilt sensor 38. This makes it easy to monitor the accumulated time TA when the main switch 52 is in the on state and when the main switch 52 is in the off state.

[0415] For example, when the run switch 53 is in the on state and when the run switch 53 is in the off state, the control unit 41 acquires the cumulative time TA based on the detection result of the tilt sensor 38. This makes it easy to monitor the cumulative time TA when the run switch 53 is in the on state and when the run switch 53 is in the off state.

[0416] For example, when the run switch 53 is in the on state, the control unit 41 does not obtain the cumulative time TA based on the detection result of the tilt sensor 38. Only when the run switch 53 is in the off state, the control unit 41 obtains the cumulative time TA based on the detection result of the tilt sensor 38. This makes it easy to monitor the cumulative time TA.

[0417] (16) In the embodiment, the battery 32 may be detachable from the saddle riding type electric vehicle 1. Even if the battery 32 is detachable from the saddle riding type electric vehicle 1, the battery device 31 appropriately deals with deterioration of the power storage capacity of the battery 32.

[0418] For example, the inclination sensor 38 detects the inclination angle θA of the battery 32 when the battery 32 is attached to the saddle riding type electric vehicle 1 and when the battery 32 is detached from the saddle riding type electric vehicle 1. Therefore, it is easy to monitor the inclination angle θA of the battery 32 when the battery 32 is attached to the saddle riding type electric vehicle 1 and when the battery 32 is detached from the saddle riding type electric vehicle 1.

[0419] For example, when the battery 32 is attached to the saddle riding type electric vehicle 1 and when the battery 32 is detached from the saddle riding type electric vehicle 1, the control unit 41 acquires the accumulated time TA based on the detection result of the inclination sensor 38. Therefore, when the battery 32 is attached to the saddle riding type electric vehicle 1 and when the battery 32 is detached from the saddle riding type electric vehicle 1, it is easy to monitor the accumulated time TA.

[0420] (17) In the embodiment, the battery 32 may be fixed to the saddle riding type electric vehicle 1 so as not to be detachable from the saddle riding type electric vehicle 1. Even in the case where the battery 32 is fixed to the saddle riding type electric vehicle 1 so as not to be detachable from the saddle riding type electric vehicle 1, the battery device 31 appropriately deals with the deterioration of the power storage capacity of the battery 32.

[0421] (18) In the embodiment, the battery device 31 may be detachable from the saddle riding type electric vehicle 1. Even if the battery device 31 is detachable from the saddle riding type electric vehicle 1, the battery device 31 appropriately deals with deterioration of the power storage capacity of the battery 32.

[0422] For example, the inclination sensor 38 detects the inclination angle θA of the battery 32 when the battery device 31 is attached to the saddle riding type electric vehicle 1 and when the battery device 31 is detached from the saddle riding type electric vehicle 1. Therefore, it is easy to monitor the inclination angle θA of the battery 32 when the battery device 31 is attached to the saddle riding type electric vehicle 1 and when the battery device 31 is detached from the saddle riding type electric vehicle 1.

[0423] For example, when the battery device 31 is attached to the saddle riding type electric vehicle 1 and when the battery device 31 is detached from the saddle riding type electric vehicle 1, the control unit 41 acquires the accumulated time TA based on the detection result of the inclination sensor 38. Therefore, when the battery device 31 is attached to the saddle riding type electric vehicle 1 and when the battery device 31 is detached from the saddle riding type electric vehicle 1, it is easy to monitor the accumulated time TA.

[0424] (19) In the embodiment, when the battery device 31 is detached from the saddle-riding type electric vehicle 1, the control unit 41 may alternate between an activated state and an inactive state. In other words, the period when the battery device 31 is detached from the saddle-riding type electric vehicle 1 may include a period when the control unit 41 is in an activated state and a period when the control unit 41 is in an inactive state. This makes it easy to reduce the power consumption of the control unit 41 when the battery device 31 is detached from the saddle-riding type electric vehicle 1. Therefore, when the battery device 31 is detached from the saddle-riding type electric vehicle 1, it is easy for the control unit 41 to monitor the accumulated time TA over a long period of time.

[0425] For example, the period during which the control unit 41 is in the inactive state is longer than the period during which the control unit is in the active state. For example, when the battery device 31 is detached from the saddle-riding type electric vehicle 1, the period during which the control unit 41 is in the inactive state is longer than the period during which the control unit is in the active state. Therefore, when the battery device 31 is detached from the saddle-riding type electric vehicle 1, it is easier to reduce the power consumption of the control unit 41. Therefore, when the battery device 31 is detached from the saddle-riding type electric vehicle 1, it is easier for the control unit 41 to monitor the accumulated time TA over a long period of time.

[0426] For example, when the battery device 31 is detached from the saddle riding type electric vehicle 1, the control unit 41 is activated at least once every 60 minutes. For example, when the battery device 31 is detached from the saddle riding type electric vehicle 1, the control unit 41 is activated at least once every 60 minutes. Therefore, when the battery device 31 is detached from the saddle riding type electric vehicle 1, it is easy for the control unit 41 to monitor the inclination angle θA of the battery 32. Therefore, when the battery device 31 is detached from the saddle riding type electric vehicle 1, it is easy for the control unit 41 to accurately obtain the accumulated time TA.

[0427] (20) In the embodiment, the battery device 31 may be fixed to the saddle riding type electric vehicle 1 so as not to be detachable from the saddle riding type electric vehicle 1. Even when the battery device 31 is fixed to the saddle riding type electric vehicle 1 so as not to be detachable from the saddle riding type electric vehicle 1, the battery device 31 appropriately deals with deterioration of the power storage capacity of the battery 32.

[0428] (21) In the embodiment, when the main switch 52 is in the OFF state, the control unit 41 may alternate between an active state and an inactive state. In other words, the period when the main switch 52 is in the OFF state may include a period when the control unit 41 is in the active state and a period when the control unit 41 is in the inactive state. This makes it easy to reduce the power consumption of the control unit 41 when the main switch 52 is in the OFF state. Therefore, when the main switch 52 is in the OFF state, it is easy for the control unit 41 to monitor the accumulated time TA over a long period of time.

[0429] For example, the period during which the control unit 41 is in the inactive state is longer than the period during which the control unit 41 is in the active state. For example, when the main switch 52 is in the off state, the period during which the control unit 41 is in the inactive state is longer than the period during which the control unit 41 is in the active state. Therefore, it is easier to reduce the power consumption of the control unit 41 even when the main switch 52 is in the off state. Therefore, it is easier for the control unit 41 to monitor the accumulated time TA over a long period of time.

[0430] For example, when the main switch 52 is in the OFF state, the control unit 41 is activated at least once every 60 minutes. For example, when the main switch 52 is in the OFF state, the control unit 41 is activated at least once within 60 minutes. Therefore, even when the main switch 52 is in the OFF state, it is easy for the control unit 41 to monitor the tilt angle θA of the battery 32. Therefore, even when the main switch 52 is in the OFF state, it is easy for the control unit 41 to accurately obtain the accumulated time TA.

[0431] One of the resting states of the control unit 41 is referred to as a "first resting state." An activation state temporally immediately preceding the first resting state is referred to as a "pre-activation state." An activation state temporally immediately following the first resting state is referred to as a "post-activation state." The control unit 41 may determine whether the period of the first resting state is the tilt period L based on the state of the battery 32 in at least one of the pre-activation state and the post-activation state.

[0432] For example, when the battery 32 is in an inclined state in the pre-activation state, the control unit 41 may determine that the period of the first rest state is the inclination period L. When the battery 32 is not in an inclined state in the pre-activation state, the control unit 41 may determine that the period of the first rest state is not the inclination period L.

[0433] Alternatively, when the battery 32 is in an inclined state in the post-activation state, the control unit 41 may determine that the period of the first hibernation state is the inclination period L. When the battery 32 is not in an inclined state in the post-activation state, the control unit 41 may determine that the period of the first hibernation state is not the inclination period L.

[0434] Alternatively, when the battery 32 is in an inclined state in the pre-activation state and when the battery 32 is in an inclined state in the post-activation state, the control unit 41 may determine that the period of the first rest state is the inclination period L. When the battery 32 is not in an inclined state in the pre-activation state, the control unit 41 may determine that the period of the first rest state is not the inclination period L. When the battery 32 is not in an inclined state in the post-activation state, the control unit 41 may determine that the period of the first rest state is not the inclination period L.

[0435] (22) The battery 32 may be a nickel-metal hydride battery.

[0436] (23) The material of the terminals 35 may be changed as appropriate. The material of the negative electrode terminal 35N may be changed as appropriate. For example, only a portion of the negative electrode terminal 35N may be made of copper. For example, the negative electrode terminal 35N may include multiple materials. Similarly, the material of the positive electrode terminal 35P may be changed as appropriate. For example, only a portion of the positive electrode terminal 35P may be made of aluminum. For example, the positive electrode terminal 35P may include multiple materials.

[0437] Another example of the negative electrode terminal 35N will be described. Although not shown in the drawings, the negative electrode terminal 35N has a first portion and a second portion. The first portion of the negative electrode terminal 35N is made of a material different from the material of the case 34. The first portion of the negative electrode terminal 35N is made of copper, for example. The second portion of the negative electrode terminal 35N is made of a material different from the material of the first portion of the negative electrode terminal 35N. The second portion of the negative electrode terminal 35N is made of the same material as the material of the case 34. The second portion of the negative electrode terminal 35N is made of aluminum, for example.

[0438] A first portion of the negative terminal 35N is located inside the case 34. A second portion of the negative terminal 35N is located outside the case 34. The second portion of the negative terminal 35N comes into contact with the air outside the case 34.

[0439] When the battery 32 is in an inclined state, the case 34 may be electrically connected to the first portion of the negative electrode terminal 35N through the electrolyte 37. The aluminum constituting the case 34 may be electrically connected to the copper constituting the first portion of the negative electrode terminal 35N through the electrolyte 37.

[0440] (24) The relationship between the size of the negative electrode terminal 35N and the size of the positive electrode terminal 35P may be changed as appropriate. For example, the size of the positive electrode terminal 35P may be equal to the size of the negative electrode terminal 35N. For example, the size of the positive electrode terminal 35P may be smaller than the size of the negative electrode terminal 35N. For example, the size of the positive electrode terminal 35P may be larger than the size of the negative electrode terminal 35N.

[0441] (25) The battery 32 may be swingable relative to the body frame 3 .

[0442] (26) The position of the tilt sensor 38 relative to the battery 32 may be changed as appropriate. For example, the tilt sensor 38 may be attached to the terminal 35. This makes it easy to detect the tilt of the terminal 35.

[0443] (27) The battery device 31 may be swingable relative to the body frame 3 .

[0444] (28) The battery device 31 does not have to include the discharge unit 46. The discharge unit 46 does not have to be an element of the battery device 31. The discharge unit 46 may be provided outside the battery device 31. The discharge unit 46 may be installed in a location of the saddle-ride type electric vehicle 1 other than the battery device 31. This makes it easy to reduce the size of the battery device 31.

[0445] (29) The electric motor 21 may be disposed on the rear wheel 23. The electric motor 21 may overlap the rear wheel 23 in a side view of the saddle-riding type electric vehicle 1. The output shaft of the electric motor 21 may be coaxial with the rear axle of the rear wheel 23.

[0446] (30) The electric motor 21 may be a DC motor. When the electric motor 21 is a DC motor, the saddle-type electric vehicle 1 does not need to include the inverter 51.

[0447] (31) The electric motor 21 may be swingable relative to the body frame 3 .

[0448] (32) In the embodiment, the number of front wheels 12 is one. However, this is not limited to this. The number of front wheels 12 may be two. In the embodiment, the number of rear wheels 23 is one. However, this is not limited to this. The number of rear wheels 23 may be two.

[0449] (33) In the embodiment, an off-road vehicle is illustrated as the saddle-riding type electric vehicle 1. However, this is not limited to this. For example, the saddle-riding type electric vehicle 1 may be changed to another type of vehicle, such as a scooter, a street vehicle, a sports vehicle, or an all-terrain vehicle.

[0450] (34) The embodiment and each of the modified embodiments described above in (1) to (33) may be further modified as appropriate by replacing or combining each configuration with the configuration of another modified embodiment.

[0451] DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1: Straddle-type electric vehicle 3: Body frame 11: Front fork 12: Front wheel 13: Handlebars 14: Seat 21: Electric motor 22: Swing arm 23: Rear wheel 24: Power transmission mechanism 31: Battery device 32: Battery 33: Cell 34: Case 34A: Top plate 34B: Case body 35: Terminal 35N: Negative terminal 35P: Positive terminal 36: Insulator 37: Electrolyte 38: Inclination sensor 39: Voltage sensor 41: Control unit 42: Memory unit 43: Time counting unit 44: Time determination unit 45: Execution unit 46: Discharge unit 47: First switch 48: Second switch 49: Third switch 51: Inverter 52: Main switch 53 : Run switch 54 : Accelerator 55 : Speed ​​sensor 56 : Meter unit 57 : Accelerator sensor 58 : Vehicle control unit 61 : Identification sensor 71 : Power supply source Dg : Direction of gravity Da : Direction of acceleration L : Tilt period P1 : First imaginary plane P2 : Second imaginary plane P3 : Third imaginary plane SA : Speed ​​SB : Reference speed TA : Accumulated time TA1 : First accumulated time TA2 : Second accumulated time TB1 : First limit time TB2 : Second limit time TB : Limit time VA : Voltage VB : Reference voltage θA : Tilt angle θA1 : First tilt angle θA2 : Second tilt angle θB : Reference angle X : Forward / backward direction of the saddle riding type electric vehicle Y : Width direction of the saddle riding type electric vehicle Z : Vertical direction of the saddle-type electric vehicle

Claims

1. A battery device, comprising: a battery that supplies power to an electric motor that propels a saddle-type electric vehicle; an inclination sensor that detects an inclination angle of the battery; and a control unit that obtains a cumulative time during which the battery is in an inclined state based on a detection result of the inclination sensor, and executes a specific operation on the battery when the cumulative time exceeds a limit time.

2. The battery device according to claim 1, wherein the control unit includes: a storage unit that stores the limit time; a timing unit that measures an inclination period during which the battery is in the inclined state based on the detection result of the inclination sensor, and integrates the inclination periods to obtain the cumulative time; a time determination unit that compares the limit time stored in the storage unit with the cumulative time obtained by the timing unit, and determines whether the cumulative time exceeds the limit time; and an execution unit that executes the specific operation when the time determination unit determines that the cumulative time exceeds the limit time.

3. The battery device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the limit time is one year or more.

4. The battery device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the battery includes: a case; a terminal attached to the case via an insulator; and an electrolytic solution stored inside the case, the terminal penetrates the case and is inserted into the case from the outside of the case, and the case and the electrolytic solution are electrically connected.

5. The battery device according to claim 4, wherein the case includes a top plate that is an upper part of the case, the terminal penetrates the top plate and is inserted into the case from the outside of the case, and the top plate and the terminal are electrically insulated by the insulator.

6. The battery device according to claim 5, wherein the inclination angle of the battery is a first inclination angle between a first virtual plane parallel to the top plate of the battery and a second virtual plane perpendicular to the direction of gravity.

7. The battery device according to claim 5, wherein the inclination angle of the battery is a second inclination angle between a first virtual plane parallel to the top plate of the battery and a third virtual plane perpendicular to the direction of the acceleration acting on the battery. Battery device.

8. The battery device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the inclination sensor is attached to the battery. Battery device.

9. The battery device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the specific operation includes a first operation of discharging the battery through a discharge unit. Battery device.

10. The battery device according to claim 9, wherein when the first waiting condition is satisfied when the cumulative time exceeds the limit time, the control unit waits for the start of the first operation, and the first waiting condition is that the operation of the electric motor in response to the operation of the accelerator of the straddle-type electric vehicle is permitted. Battery device.

11. The battery device according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the specific operation includes a second operation of prohibiting the supply of power from the battery to the electric motor. Battery device.

12. The battery device according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the specific operation includes a third operation of prohibiting the charging of the battery. Battery device.

13. The battery device according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein when the inclination sensor is abnormal, the control unit executes the specific operation. Battery device.

14. The battery device according to any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein the battery is detachable from the straddle-type electric vehicle. Battery device.

15. A straddle-type electric vehicle, comprising: an electric motor for propelling the straddle-type electric vehicle; and a battery device, wherein the battery device includes: a battery for supplying power to the electric motor; an inclination sensor for detecting an inclination angle of the battery; and a control unit for obtaining a cumulative time during which the battery is in an inclined state based on a detection result of the inclination sensor and performing a specific operation on the battery when the cumulative time exceeds a limit time. Straddle-type electric vehicle.

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