Antiglare sheet, sheet article, polarizing plate, display device, panel, method for selecting antiglare sheet, and method for producing antiglare sheet

Abstract

This antiglare sheet comprises a first surface and a second surface. The antiglare sheet comprises an antiglare layer having an uneven surface. The uneven surface faces the side opposite to the second surface. On the first surface, the fluorescent X ray intensity of elemental Si is 0.5-10.0 cps. The image clarity ratio is 2.0-8.0. The image clarity ratio is the ratio of a first image clarity total value with respect to a second image clarity total value. The first image clarity total value is the total value (%) of first image clarity obtained by a transmission method at an incident angle of 0° by using optical combs having widths of 2.0 mm, 1.0 mm, 0.5 mm, and 0.125 mm. The second image clarity total value is the total value (%) of second image clarity obtained by the transmission method at an incident angle of 60° by using optical combs having widths of 2.0 mm, 1.0 mm, 0.5 mm, 0.25 mm, and 0.125 mm.

Description

Antiglare sheet, sheet article, polarizing plate, display device, panel, method for selecting antiglare sheet, and method for manufacturing antiglare sheet

[0001] The present disclosure relates to an antiglare sheet, a sheet article, a polarizing plate, a display device, a panel, a method for selecting an antiglare sheet, and a method for manufacturing an antiglare sheet.

[0002] Anti-glare sheets are known, as disclosed in Patent Documents 1 and 2. Anti-glare sheets can be applied to display devices, for example. Examples of display devices include televisions, display devices incorporated in notebook PCs and desktop PCs, and display devices incorporated in smartphones and tablets. The anti-glare sheet forms the outermost surface of the display device. The anti-glare sheet has anti-glare properties. Anti-glare properties are a property that suppresses reflections of lighting and people and other background objects.

[0003] The antiglare properties can be improved by enhancing the light diffusing function of the antiglare layer. However, when the antiglare properties are improved, the contrast of the image observed through the antiglare sheet decreases.

[0004] Patent Document 1: WO2019 / 026466A Patent Document 2: WO2019 / 026471A

[0005] Conventional antiglare sheets have been unable to sufficiently improve both antiglare properties and contrast. The present disclosure aims to achieve both excellent antiglare properties and excellent contrast.

[0006] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, an antiglare sheet includes: a first surface and a second surface facing each other in a first direction; the antiglare sheet includes an antiglare layer including a textured surface, the textured surface facing the opposite side to the second surface in the first direction; a fluorescent X-ray intensity of Si element at the first surface is 0.5 cps or more and 10.0 cps or less; an image clarity ratio is 2.0 or more and 8.0 or less; the image clarity ratio is a ratio of a second image clarity total value to a first image clarity total value; and the first image clarity total value is a total value (%) of the first image clarity in a transmission method using optical combs having widths of 2.0 mm, 1.0 mm, 0.5 mm, and 0.125 mm, respectively, at an incident angle of 0°. The second image clarity total value is the total value (%) of the second image clarity in a transmission method using optical combs with widths of 2.0 mm, 1.0 mm, 0.5 mm, and 0.125 mm at an incident angle of 60°.

[0007] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, a method for selecting an antiglare sheet includes the steps of: measuring a fluorescent X-ray intensity and an image clarity ratio of Si element on the first surface of the antiglare sheet, the antiglare sheet including a first surface and a second surface facing opposite to the second surface in the first direction, the antiglare sheet comprising an antiglare layer including a textured surface, the textured surface facing the opposite side to the second surface in the first direction; and selecting an antiglare sheet having the fluorescent X-ray intensity of 0.5 cps or more and 10.0 cps or less and the image clarity ratio of 2.0 or more and 8.0 or less, the image clarity ratio being a ratio of a second image clarity total value to a first image clarity total value, and the first image clarity total value being a sum (%) of the first image clarity measured by a transmission method using optical combs having widths of 2.0 mm, 1.0 mm, 0.5 mm, and 0.125 mm, respectively, at an incident angle of 0°. The second image clarity total value is the total value (%) of the second image clarity in a transmission method using optical combs with widths of 2.0 mm, 1.0 mm, 0.5 mm, and 0.125 mm at an incident angle of 60°.

[0008] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, a method for manufacturing an antiglare sheet includes the steps of: manufacturing an antiglare sheet including a first surface and a second surface facing opposite to a first direction, the antiglare sheet comprising an antiglare layer including an uneven surface, the uneven surface facing the opposite side to the second surface in the first direction; and selecting the antiglare sheet using a selection method according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0009] According to the present disclosure, both excellent antiglare properties and excellent contrast can be achieved.

[0010] FIG. 1 is a diagram for explaining one embodiment, and is a cross-sectional view showing an example of an anti-glare sheet. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a functional layer that can be included in FIG. 1. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing another example of an anti-glare sheet. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing yet another example of an anti-glare sheet. FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining a method for measuring a first image clarity. FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining a method for measuring a second image clarity. FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing an example of a sheet article including an anti-glare sheet. FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a polarizing plate including an anti-glare sheet. FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a display device including an anti-glare sheet. FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a panel including an anti-glare sheet.

[0011] One embodiment of the present disclosure relates to the following <1> to <14>.

[0012] <1> An antiglare sheet including a first surface and a second surface opposing each other in a first direction, the antiglare sheet comprising an antiglare layer including a textured surface, the textured surface facing the opposite side to the second surface in the first direction, a fluorescent X-ray intensity of Si element at the first surface being 0.5 cps or more and 10.0 cps or less, an image clarity ratio being 2.0 or more and 8.0 or less, the image clarity ratio being a ratio of a second image clarity total value to a first image clarity total value, the first image clarity total value being a total value (%) of the first image clarity in a transmission method using optical combs having widths of 2.0 mm, 1.0 mm, 0.5 mm, and 0.125 mm, respectively, at an incident angle of 0°, The second image clarity total value is the total value (%) of the second image clarity measured by a transmission method using optical combs having a width of 2.0 mm, a width of 1.0 mm, a width of 0.5 mm, and a width of 0.125 mm at an incident angle of 60°.

[0013] <2> The antiglare sheet according to <1>, further comprising a functional layer containing a binder resin and hollow silica particles, wherein the antiglare layer and the functional layer are positioned in this order from the second surface to the first surface.

[0014] <3> The antiglare sheet according to <1> or <2>, wherein the transmission haze is 20% or more and 75% or less.

[0015] <4> The antiglare sheet according to any one of <1> to <3>, wherein the first image clarity total value is 10% or more and 80% or less.

[0016] <5> The antiglare sheet according to any one of <1> to <4>, wherein the second image clarity total value is 20% or more and 200% or less.

[0017] <6> The antiglare sheet according to any one of <1> to <5>, wherein the specular gloss Gs(60) of the first surface at an incident angle of 60° is 50 or less.

[0018] <7> The antiglare sheet according to any one of <1> to <6>, having a contrast ratio of 45% or more.

[0019] <8> A sheet article comprising a plurality of antiglare sheets according to any one of <1> to <7>.

[0020] <9> The sheet article according to <8>, which is wound around a winding axis.

[0021] <10> A polarizing plate comprising: the antiglare sheet according to any one of <1> to <7>; and a polarizer superimposed on the antiglare sheet.

[0022] <11> A display device comprising: the antiglare sheet according to any one of <1> to <7>; and a display element superimposed on the antiglare sheet.

[0023] <12> A panel comprising: an article to be joined; and the antiglare sheet according to any one of <1> to <7> joined to the article to be joined.

[0024] <13> An antiglare sheet including a first surface and a second surface opposing each other in a first direction, the antiglare sheet comprising an antiglare layer including a textured surface, the textured surface facing the opposite side to the second surface in the first direction, the antiglare sheet comprising: a step of measuring a fluorescent X-ray intensity of Si element and an image clarity ratio at the first surface; and a step of selecting an antiglare sheet having the fluorescent X-ray intensity of 0.5 cps or more and 10.0 cps or less and an image clarity ratio of 2.0 or more and 8.0 or less, the image clarity ratio being a ratio of a second image clarity total value to a first image clarity total value, the first image clarity total value being a sum (%) of first image clarity values ​​measured by a transmission method using optical combs having widths of 2.0 mm, 1.0 mm, 0.5 mm, and 0.125 mm, respectively, at an incident angle of 0°, A method for selecting an antiglare sheet, wherein the second image clarity total value is the total value (%) of the second image clarity measured by a transmission method using optical combs having widths of 2.0 mm, 1.0 mm, 0.5 mm, and 0.125 mm at an incident angle of 60°.

[0025] <14> A method for manufacturing an antiglare sheet, the method comprising: a step of manufacturing an antiglare sheet including a first surface and a second surface facing opposite to each other in a first direction, the antiglare sheet comprising an antiglare layer including an uneven surface, the uneven surface facing the opposite side to the second surface in the first direction; and a step of selecting the antiglare sheet by the selection method described in <13>.

[0026] In the drawings accompanying this specification, the scale and the aspect ratios of the dimensions are appropriately changed and exaggerated from those of the actual objects for the sake of convenience in illustration and understanding.

[0027] In this specification, terms such as "sheet," "film," and "plate" are not distinguished from one another solely on the basis of differences in name. For example, an "anti-glare sheet" cannot be distinguished from a member called an anti-glare film or an anti-glare plate solely on the basis of differences in name.

[0028] In this specification, the normal direction of a sheet-like (film-like, plate-like) member refers to a direction parallel to the normal or perpendicular to the sheet surface (film surface, plate surface) of the target sheet-like (film-like, plate-like) member. The "sheet surface (film surface, plate surface)" refers to the surface that coincides with the target sheet-like (film-like, plate-like) member when the target sheet-like (film-like, plate-like) member is viewed overall and globally.

[0029] In this specification, multiple upper limit candidate values ​​and multiple lower limit candidate values ​​for a numerical range may be described in separate sentences. In this description, the numerical range may be constructed by combining any one upper limit candidate value and any one lower limit candidate value. As an example, consider the description, "Parameter B may be A1 or more, A2 or more, or A3 or more. Parameter B may be A4 or less, A5 or less, or A6 or less." In this example, the numerical range of parameter B may be A1 or more and A4 or less, A1 or more and A5 or less, A1 or more and A6 or less, A2 or more and A4 or less, A2 or more and A5 or less, A2 or more and A6 or less, A3 or more and A4 or less, A3 or more and A5 or less, or A3 or more and A6 or less.

[0030] In order to clarify the relationship between directions between drawings, some drawings show common first, second, and third directions D1, D2, and D3 by arrows with common symbols. The tip of the arrow is the first side of each direction. The side opposite the tip of the arrow is the second side of each direction. Arrows pointing into the paper in a direction perpendicular to the paper surface of the drawing are shown by a symbol of an x ​​in a circle, as shown in Figure 1, for example.

[0031] <<<Anti-glare sheet 10>>> As shown in Fig. 1 , the anti-glare sheet 10 according to the present embodiment includes a first surface 11 and a second surface 12. The first surface 11 and the second surface 12 face each other in a first direction D1. The anti-glare sheet 10 includes an anti-glare layer 30. The anti-glare layer 30 includes an uneven surface 31X.

[0032] As shown in FIG. 1 , the uneven surface 31X may include a reference portion 31A and a protruding portion 31B. The protruding portion 31B is a portion that protrudes from the reference portion 31A in the first direction D1. The reference portion 31A may be a flat portion that extends along a plane perpendicular to the first direction D1. The reference portion 31A may be a flat portion that extends generally along a plane perpendicular to the first direction D1. The reference portion 31A may be a recessed portion.

[0033] The first surface 11 may include an uneven surface 11X. The uneven surface 11X may include unevenness corresponding to the unevenness of the uneven surface 31X. That is, the uneven surface 11X may include a convex portion at a position facing the convex portion 31B of the uneven surface 31X in the first direction D1. The uneven surface 11X may include a reference portion, which is a flat portion or a concave portion, at a position facing the reference portion 31A of the uneven surface 31X in the first direction D1. The height difference between the convex portion of the uneven surface 11X and the reference portion along the first direction D1 may be equal to or less than the height difference between the convex portion 31B of the uneven surface 31X and the reference portion along the first direction D1. The height difference between the convex portion of the uneven surface 11X and the reference portion along the first direction D1 may be lower than the height difference between the convex portion 31B of the uneven surface 31X and the reference portion along the first direction D1.

[0034] In the example shown in FIG. 1 , the first surface 11 faces the opposite side to the second surface 12 in the first direction D1. The first surface 11 faces a first side in the first direction D1. The second surface 12 faces a second side in the first direction D1. The uneven surface 31X faces the opposite side to the second surface 12 in the first direction D1. The uneven surface 31X faces the first side in the first direction D1. The convex portion 31B protrudes from the reference portion 31A toward the first side in the first direction D1. The uneven surface 31X faces the same side as the first surface 11 in the first direction D1. In the example shown in FIG. 1 , the functional layer 40 constitutes the first surface 11. The functional layer 40 constitutes the uneven surface 11X.

[0035] In the example shown in FIG. 1, the anti-glare sheet 10 includes a functional layer 40. The functional layer 40 constitutes the first surface 11. The functional layer 40 has a thickness that is smaller than the height difference between the reference portion 31A and the convex portion 31B. The functional layer 40 extends along the concaves and convexes of the concave-convex surface 31X. As shown in FIG. 2, the functional layer 40 may include a binder resin 46 and hollow silica particles 47. The functional layer 40 shown in FIG. 2 suppresses reflection of ambient light from the environment in which the anti-glare sheet 10 is installed on the first surface 11.

[0036] The anti-glare sheet 10 can change the traveling direction of incident light due to the uneven surfaces 11X, 31X. The anti-glare sheet 10 may have a light diffusion function that diffuses incident light due to the uneven surfaces 11X, 31X. The anti-glare sheet 10 may reflect incident light in a direction other than the specular reflection direction due to the uneven surfaces 11X, 31X. The anti-glare sheet 10 may diffusely reflect at least a portion of incident light due to the uneven surfaces 11X, 31X. The optical action of the uneven surfaces 11X, 31X enables the anti-glare layer 30 to exhibit an anti-glare function. The optical action of the uneven surfaces 11X, 31X allows the anti-glare sheet 10 to have anti-glare properties.

[0037] The antiglare properties of the antiglare sheet 10 can prevent the background of the environment in which the sheet is placed, such as a lighting device, from being reflected on the sheet. By preventing the background from being reflected, the area behind the antiglare sheet can be clearly observed. For example, when the antiglare sheet is positioned on the image forming surface of a display element, the antiglare sheet can prevent the reflected image from being superimposed on the image formed by the display element. Therefore, the image displayed by the display element can be clearly observed.

[0038] By enhancing the light diffusion function of the antiglare layer, the antiglare properties can be improved. However, when the light diffusion function of the antiglare layer is enhanced, the contours of images observed through the antiglare sheet become unclear. When the light diffusion function of the antiglare layer is enhanced, the antiglare sheet becomes cloudy, and the contrast of images observed through the antiglare sheet decreases. When an antiglare sheet with an enhanced light diffusion function of the antiglare layer is used in a display device, the contours of displayed images become unclear and the contrast of the image decreases.

[0039] As described above, conventional antiglare sheets have not been able to effectively achieve both excellent antiglare properties and excellent contrast. As will be described below, the antiglare sheet 10 according to the present embodiment is devised to achieve both excellent antiglare properties and excellent contrast.

[0040] The antiglare sheet 10 according to the present embodiment has the following characteristics (A) and (B): (A): The fluorescent X-ray intensity of Si element on the first surface 11 is 0.5 cps or more and 10.0 cps or less. (B): The image clarity ratio is 2.0 or more and 8.0 or less.

[0041] As demonstrated in the examples described below, the combination of features (A) and (B) allows the antiglare sheet 10 to achieve both excellent antiglare properties and excellent contrast. By having excellent antiglare properties, the background facing the antiglare sheet 10, such as a lighting device, can be effectively prevented from being reflected in the antiglare sheet 10. In other words, the background can be effectively prevented from being observed within the antiglare sheet 10. The antiglare sheet 10, which can achieve excellent contrast, suppresses clouding. Therefore, an image behind the antiglare sheet can be observed while suppressing distortion of hue. An image behind the antiglare sheet can be observed while clearly defining its contours. When the antiglare sheet 10 is used over a display element, as described below, an image formed by the display element can be observed as a high-contrast image while suppressing reflections and deterioration of image quality.

[0042] <<Fluorescent X-ray Intensity of Si Element>> Fluorescent X-rays are generated when a material is irradiated with X-rays. The fluorescent X-rays generated from a material include characteristic X-rays. Characteristic X-rays have an energy (keV) specific to the element. In other words, characteristic X-rays are emitted from specific elements. Based on the energy of the characteristic X-rays, the element that emits the characteristic X-rays can be identified. By measuring the detected intensity of the characteristic X-rays, the content of the specific element corresponding to the characteristic X-rays in the material can be evaluated.

[0043] Feature (A) specifies a numerical range for the fluorescent X-ray intensity of Si element measured on the first surface 11. The fluorescent X-ray intensity is the amount of fluorescent X-ray detected measured by fluorescent X-ray analysis. The unit of fluorescent X-ray intensity is cps (counts per second). Energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence analysis is adopted as the fluorescent X-ray analysis method. The "fluorescent X-ray intensity" specified in feature (A) is measured under the following conditions:

[0044] <Measurement conditions> Measurement channel: C-Sc Voltage: 15 kV Current: 100 μA Filter: None Smoothing: None Integration time: Live Time 100 sec Atmosphere: Vacuum

[0045] Before measuring the measurement sample to be evaluated, a preliminary measurement of a standard sample is carried out. The standard sample is a standard accessory sample for the analytical device used in X-ray fluorescence analysis. In the preliminary measurement results, it is confirmed that the detected proportion of aluminum is 80% or more, and that Sn and Cu are detected.

[0046] The measurement sample is visually inspected for the absence of dust, scratches, or other abnormalities, and then placed in a fluorescent X-ray intensity measuring device. The measurement sample is placed so that the first surface 11 of the antiglare sheet 10 is the surface that is irradiated with X-rays.

[0047] As will be described later, the antiglare layer 30 and the functional layer 40 contain silica particles. In the antiglare layer 30 and the functional layer 40, the silica particles are usually held by a resin. The silica particles have a smaller refractive index than the resin. Furthermore, the silica particles form the uneven surface of the antiglare sheet 10. When the content of silica particles in the antiglare sheet 10 is high, light diffusion in the antiglare sheet 10 is promoted.

[0048] According to the measurement conditions described above, Si element contained in the surface layer portion up to a depth of several tens of micrometers from the first surface 11 can be detected. Generally, the antiglare layer 30 of the antiglare sheet 10 is contained within a range up to a depth of several tens of micrometers from the first surface 11. Generally, the antiglare layer 30, the functional layer 40, and the second functional layer 50 of the antiglare sheet 10 are contained within a range up to a depth of several tens of micrometers from the first surface 11. The "fluorescent X-ray intensity of Si element at the first surface 11" defined in feature (A) is an index indicating the degree of light diffusion function in the surface layer portion of the antiglare sheet 10, for example, the degree of light diffusion function of the antiglare layer 30 or the functional layer 40.

[0049] The "fluorescent X-ray intensity of Si element on the first surface" is the arithmetic mean value of five measured values. The five measured values ​​are measured at five measurement positions on the antiglare sheet to be evaluated. The five measurement positions are located at least 10 mm apart from each other.

[0050] In feature (A), a lower limit is set for the fluorescent X-ray intensity (cps) of Si element. By setting a lower limit for the fluorescent X-ray intensity of Si element, effective antiglare properties can be imparted to the antiglare sheet 10. The fluorescent X-ray intensity of Si element on the first surface may be 0.5 cps or more, 0.9 cps or more, 2.0 cps or more, 3.0 cps or more, 3.2 cps or more, or 3.9 cps or more.

[0051] In feature (A), an upper limit is set for the fluorescent X-ray intensity (cps) of the Si element. By setting an upper limit for the fluorescent X-ray intensity of the Si element, clouding of the anti-glare sheet 10 can be suppressed. By setting an upper limit for the fluorescent X-ray intensity of the Si element, a high-contrast image can be observed through the anti-glare sheet 10. By setting an upper limit for the fluorescent X-ray intensity of the Si element, the contour of an object observed through the anti-glare sheet 10 can be made clear. The fluorescent X-ray intensity of the Si element on the first surface may be 10.0 cps or less, 8.0 cps or less, 7.8 cps or less, 7.0 cps or less, 6.5 cps or less, 6.0 cps or less, or 5.6 cps or less.

[0052] The fluorescent X-ray intensity of Si element on the first surface may be 0.5 cps to 10.0 cps or less, 0.9 cps to 10.0 cps or less, 2.0 cps to 10.0 cps or less, 3.0 cps to 10.0 cps or less, 3.2 cps to 10.0 cps or less, or 3.9 cps to 10.0 cps or less. The fluorescent X-ray intensity of Si element on the first surface may be 0.5 cps to 8.0 cps or less, 0.9 cps to 8.0 cps or less, 2.0 cps to 8.0 cps or less, 3.0 cps to 8.0 cps or less, 3.2 cps to 8.0 cps or less, or 3.9 cps to 8.0 cps or less. The fluorescent X-ray intensity of Si element on the first surface may be 0.5 cps to 7.8 cps or less, 0.9 cps to 7.8 cps or less, 2.0 cps to 7.8 cps or less, 3.0 cps to 7.8 cps or less, 3.2 cps to 7.8 cps or less, or 3.9 cps to 7.8 cps or less. The fluorescent X-ray intensity of Si element on the first surface may be 0.5 cps to 7.0 cps or less, 0.9 cps to 7.0 cps or less, 2.0 cps to 7.0 cps or less, 3.0 cps to 7.0 cps or less, 3.2 cps to 7.0 cps or less, or 3.9 cps to 7.0 cps or less. The fluorescent X-ray intensity of Si element on the first surface may be 0.5 cps to 6.5 cps, 0.9 cps to 6.5 cps, 2.0 cps to 6.5 cps, 3.0 cps to 6.5 cps, 3.2 cps to 6.5 cps, or 3.9 cps to 6.5 cps. The fluorescent X-ray intensity of Si element on the first surface may be 0.5 cps to 6.0 cps, 0.9 cps to 6.0 cps, 2.0 cps to 6.0 cps, 3.0 cps to 6.0 cps, 3.2 cps to 6.0 cps, or 3.9 cps to 6.0 cps.The fluorescent X-ray intensity of Si element on the first surface may be 0.5 cps or more and 5.6 cps or less, 0.9 cps or more and 5.6 cps or less, 2.0 cps or more and 5.6 cps or less, 3.0 cps or more and 5.6 cps or less, 3.2 cps or more and 5.6 cps or less, or 3.9 cps or more and 5.6 cps or less.

[0053] <<Image clarity ratio>> Feature (B) defines the upper and lower limits of the image clarity ratio, which is the ratio of the second image clarity total value CT2 to the first image clarity total value CT1 (CT2 / CT1).

[0054] The first image clarity total value CT1 is calculated from the first image clarity C1. The first image clarity C1 is the image clarity obtained by a transmission method in which the angle of incidence on the measurement sample of the antiglare sheet 10 is 0°. The first image clarity total value CT1 is the sum (%) of the first image clarity values ​​obtained using optical combs with widths of 2.0 mm, 1.0 mm, 0.5 mm, and 0.125 mm.

[0055] The first image clarity C1 measured by the transmission method is measured in accordance with JIS K7374:2007. Fig. 5 is a diagram for explaining a method for measuring the first image clarity C1. The first image clarity C1 is calculated from the measured value of the amount of light transmitted through the measurement sample 100.

[0056] As shown in Fig. 5, light emitted from a light source 101 passes through a slit 102, is collimated by a lens 103, and then enters a measurement sample 100. The light that has passed through the measurement sample 100 is collected by a lens 104 and enters an optical comb 105. As shown in Fig. 5, the amount of light that has passed through the measurement sample 100 is measured by a photodetector 106 after passing through the optical comb 105.

[0057] The optical comb 105 includes a transparent portion and a light-blocking portion. The transparent portion and the light-blocking portion are arranged in an arrangement direction. The transparent portion and the light-blocking portion extend in a longitudinal direction perpendicular to the arrangement direction. The "width" of the optical comb refers to the width of the light-blocking portion along the arrangement direction.

[0058] The optical axis of the light emitted from the light source 101 is perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the slit 102. The optical axis of the light emitted from the light source 101 is perpendicular to the width direction of the slit 102, which is perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the slit 102. The optical axis of the light emitted from the light source 101 is aligned with the optical axes of the lenses 103 and 104. The angle of incidence of the light emitted from the light source 101 on the measurement sample 100 is 0°. In other words, the optical axis of the light emitted from the light source 101 is perpendicular to the sheet surface of the measurement sample 100. The optical axis of the light emitted from the light source 101 is parallel to the normal direction of the measurement sample 100.

[0059] Light emitted from the light source 101 is incident on the optical comb 105 at an incident angle of 0°. That is, the optical axis of the light emitted from the light source 101 is perpendicular to the sheet surface of the optical comb 105. The sheet surface of the optical comb 105 is specified as a plane parallel to both the arrangement direction of the transparent portions and the light-blocking portions and the longitudinal direction of the transparent portions and the light-blocking portions. The longitudinal direction of the transparent portions and the light-blocking portions is parallel to the longitudinal direction of the slits 102.

[0060] The incident angle on the optical comb 105 is determined on the assumption that no light diffusion occurs in the measurement sample 100. The incident angle is the angle (°) between the normal direction of the incident object and the incident direction. The incident angle is an angle between 0° and 90°.

[0061] The amount of light transmitted through the measurement sample 100 is measured while moving the optical comb 105 in the arrangement direction. From the measured values, the maximum light amount M and the minimum light amount m are identified. Image clarity is the ratio of the difference between the maximum light amount M and the minimum light amount m to the sum of the maximum light amount M and the minimum light amount m. The ratio, which is image clarity, is expressed as a percentage. The unit of image clarity is %. The first image clarity C1(k) is expressed by the following formula: C1(k)={(M-m) / (M+m)}×100 [%]

[0062] Before measuring the first image clarity, the light source is turned on for 15 minutes to stabilize the light source output. The measurement environment for measuring the first image clarity is a temperature of 23°C ± 2°C and a relative humidity of 50% ± 5%. The measurement sample is placed in the measurement environment for 16 hours before starting the measurement.

[0063] The first image clarity is the arithmetic mean value of five measured values ​​taken at five measurement positions on the antiglare sheet to be evaluated, the five measurement positions being spaced at least 10 mm apart from each other.

[0064] Other measurement conditions for the first image clarity are in accordance with the conditions specified in JIS K7374:2007.

[0065] JIS K7374:2007 specifies optical comb widths of 0.125 mm, 0.25 mm, 0.5 mm, 1.0 mm, and 2.0 mm. As described above, the first image clarity total value CT1 is the sum (%) of the first image clarity values ​​C1 using optical combs with widths of 2.0 mm, 1.0 mm, 0.5 mm, and 0.125 mm. The first image clarity total value CT1 is the sum of the first image clarity values ​​C1 (0.125), C1 (0.5), C1 (1.0), and C1 (2.0).

[0066] In this specification, "first image clarity C1(k)" means first image clarity C1 measured by a transmission method using an optical comb having a width of k (mm).

[0067] The second image clarity total value CT2 is determined using the second image clarity C2. FIG. 6 is a diagram for schematically explaining a method for measuring the second image clarity C2. As shown in FIG. 6, in measuring the second image clarity C2, light emitted from the light source 101 is incident on the measurement sample 100 at an incident angle of 60°. The angle between the optical axis of the light emitted from the light source 101 and the normal direction (first direction D1) of the measurement sample 100 is 60°. In other words, the second image clarity C2 is the image clarity obtained by a transmission method in which the incident angle on the measurement sample is 60°.

[0068] In measuring the second image clarity C2, the amount of light transmitted through the measurement sample 100 is also measured while moving the optical comb 105 in the arrangement direction. From the measured values, the maximum light amount M and the minimum light amount m are identified. The second image clarity C2(k) is expressed by the following formula: C2(k)={(M-m) / (M+m)}×100 [%]

[0069] The second image clarity C2 is determined in the same manner as the first image clarity C1, except for the angle of incidence on the measurement sample to be evaluated. The environmental conditions, number of measurement samples, etc. when measuring the second image clarity C2 are the same as the environmental conditions, number of measurement samples, etc. when measuring the first image clarity C1. Other measurement conditions for the second image clarity are in accordance with the conditions specified in JIS K7374:2007.

[0070] The second image clarity total value CT2 is the sum (%) of the second image clarity C2 using the optical combs with widths of 2.0 mm, 1.0 mm, 0.5 mm, and 0.125 mm. The second image clarity total value CT2 is the sum of the second image clarity C2 (0.125), the second image clarity C2 (0.5), the second image clarity C2 (1.0), and the second image clarity C2 (2.0).

[0071] In this specification, "second image clarity C2(k)" means second image clarity C2 measured by a transmission method using an optical comb having a width of k (mm).

[0072] When measuring the first image clarity and the second image clarity of the antiglare sheet, the surface of the sample corresponding to the second surface of the antiglare sheet is set as the incident surface.

[0073] Feature (B) specifies the upper and lower limits of the image clarity ratio (CT2 / CT1). As demonstrated in the examples described below, by setting a lower limit for feature (B) in combination with feature (A), antiglare properties could be improved. In addition, by setting an upper limit for feature (B) in combination with feature (A), clouding of the antiglare sheet 10 could be suppressed. This allowed an image behind the antiglare sheet to be observed as a high-contrast image while suppressing clouding. Furthermore, an image behind the antiglare sheet could be observed with its contours clearly defined.

[0074] The present inventors have investigated the clouding and contrast reduction of antiglare sheets and focused on the second image clarity C2 measured by the above-mentioned measurement method and measurement conditions. When the present inventors measured the second image clarity C2, they confirmed that the first image clarity C1 and the second image clarity C2 tend to differ. For example, an antiglare sheet with a large second image clarity C2 sometimes had a small first image clarity C1. An antiglare sheet with a small second image clarity C2 sometimes had a large first image clarity C1.

[0075] According to the results of experiments conducted by the present inventors, it was inferred that in an antiglare sheet 10 that satisfies features (A) and (B), excellent antiglare properties are ensured by the relatively large uneven shape, and light scattering is suppressed by the fine uneven shape. Although image clarity can vary depending on the uneven shape, the image clarity ratio is considered to be an index that can contribute to improving antiglare properties and evaluate the presence of uneven shapes that can suppress excessive light scattering.

[0076] The effect obtained by adjusting the image clarity ratio (CT2 / CT1) is unique and cannot be predicted from the prior art, which has not considered the second image clarity C2. In other words, the effect of improving both antiglare properties and contrast by adjusting the image clarity ratio (CT2 / CT1) is unique and beyond the range predicted from the state of the art.

[0077] The details of the mechanism by which setting upper and lower limits on the image clarity ratio in addition to feature (A) achieves both improved antiglare properties and improved contrast are unknown. The following is presumed to be one factor in obtaining this distinct effect, but the present disclosure is not bound by the following presumption.

[0078] The antiglare sheet 10 according to the present embodiment has the feature (A). By having the feature (A), the antiglare sheet 10 has improved antiglare properties and suppresses clouding to some extent.

[0079] In addition, the anti-glare sheet 10 according to the present embodiment has a lower limit set for the image clarity ratio. That is, a lower limit is set for the ratio (CT2 / CT1) of the sum CT2 of the second image clarity C2 measured by the transmission method at an incident angle of 60° to the sum CT1 of the first image clarity C1 measured by the transmission method at an incident angle of 0°. By setting a lower limit for the image clarity ratio, a decrease in only the second image clarity C2 is avoided. By setting a lower limit for the image clarity ratio, the first image clarity C1 does not become too large. Even when the anti-glare sheet 10 is observed at a small observation angle, it is possible to prevent a glare image from being clearly observed. Thus, it is presumed that setting a lower limit for the image clarity ratio and sufficiently increasing the first image clarity C1 relative to the second image clarity C2 effectively enhances anti-glare properties.

[0080] The observation angle is the angle between the normal direction of the antiglare sheet and the observation direction. The incident angle is an angle between 0° and 90°.

[0081] Furthermore, the anti-glare sheet 10 according to this embodiment has an upper limit set for the image clarity ratio. By setting an upper limit for the image clarity ratio, it is possible to prevent only the second image clarity C2 from increasing. By setting an upper limit for the image clarity ratio, the first image clarity C1 also becomes sufficiently large relative to the second image clarity C2. Therefore, it is presumed that setting an upper limit for the image clarity ratio can effectively prevent the opacification of the anti-glare sheet 10 perceived by an observer observing the anti-glare sheet 10 at a small observation angle. This allows the contrast of an image observed through the anti-glare sheet 10 to be sufficiently improved.

[0082] According to the investigations conducted by the present inventors, the first surface 11 of the antiglare sheet 10 that satisfies the characteristics (A) and (B) includes dispersed inclined surfaces that are inclined to a relatively large degree.

[0083] In the antiglare sheet 10 including the inclined surfaces on which the first surfaces 11 are densely arranged, the fluorescent X-ray intensity of the Si element in the first surfaces 11 tended to increase. In the antiglare sheet 10 including the inclined surfaces on which the first surfaces 11 are densely arranged, the image clarity ratio tended to increase.

[0084] In the antiglare sheet 10 in which the first surface 11 includes sparsely arranged inclined surfaces, the fluorescent X-ray intensity of Si element in the first surface 11 tends to decrease. In the antiglare sheet 10 in which the first surface 11 includes sparsely arranged inclined surfaces, the image clarity ratio tends to decrease.

[0085] The image clarity ratio tended to decrease in the antiglare sheet 10 in which the first surface 11 included a small inclined surface. The image clarity ratio tended to increase in the antiglare sheet 10 in which the first surface 11 included a large inclined surface.

[0086] In combination with feature (A), setting a lower limit for the image clarity ratio (CT2 / CT1) effectively improves the antiglare properties of the antiglare sheet 10, which is sufficiently suppressed from becoming cloudy. The image clarity ratio (CT2 / CT1) may be 2.0 or more, 2.5 or more, 2.9 or more, 3.5 or more, or 4.0 or more.

[0087] In combination with feature (A), by setting an upper limit to the image clarity ratio (CT2 / CT1), it is possible to effectively suppress clouding of the antiglare sheet 10 to which sufficient antiglare properties have been imparted. This improves the contrast of the image observed through the antiglare sheet 10. The upper limit may be 8.0 or less, 7.0 or less, 6.7 or less, or 6.0 or less.

[0088] The image clarity ratio (CT2 / CT1) may be 2.0 or more and 8.0 or less, 2.2 or more and 8.0 or less, 2.5 or more and 8.0 or less, 2.9 or more and 8.0 or less, 3.5 or more and 8.0 or less, or 4.0 or more and 8.0 or less. The image clarity ratio (CT2 / CT1) may be 2.0 or more and 7.0 or less, 2.2 or more and 7.0 or less, 2.5 or more and 7.0 or less, 2.9 or more and 7.0 or less, 3.5 or more and 7.0 or less, or 4.0 or more and 7.0 or less. The image clarity ratio (CT2 / CT1) may be 2.0 or more and 6.7 or less, 2.2 or more and 6.7 or less, 2.5 or more and 6.7 or less, 2.9 or more and 6.7 or less, 3.5 or more and 6.7 or less, or 4.0 or more and 6.7 or less. The image clarity ratio (CT2 / CT1) may be 2.0 or more and 6.0 or less, 2.2 or more and 6.0 or less, 2.5 or more and 6.0 or less, 2.9 or more and 6.0 or less, 3.5 or more and 6.0 or less, or 4.0 or more and 6.0 or less.

[0089] <<First image clarity total value CT1>> A lower limit may be set for the first image clarity total value CT1. By setting a lower limit for the first image clarity total value CT1, it is possible to suppress clouding of the antiglare sheet 10. This makes it possible to improve the contrast of an image observed through the antiglare sheet 10. The first image clarity total value CT1 may be 10% or more, 15% or more, 16% or more, or 19% or more.

[0090] An upper limit may be set for the first image clarity total value CT1. Setting an upper limit for the first image clarity total value CT1 can improve the antiglare properties of the antiglare sheet 10. The first image clarity total value CT1 may be 80% or less, 60% or less, 50% or less, 44% or less, or 40% or less.

[0091] The first image clarity total value CT1 may be 10% or more and 80% or less, 15% or more and 80% or less, 16% or more and 80% or less, or 19% or more and 80% or less. The first image clarity total value CT1 may be 10% or more and 60% or less, 15% or more and 60% or less, 16% or more and 60% or less, or 19% or more and 60% or less. The first image clarity total value CT1 may be 10% or more and 50% or less, 15% or more and 50% or less, 16% or more and 50% or less, or 19% or more and 50% or less. The first image clarity total value CT1 may be 10% or more and 44% or less, 15% or more and 44% or less, 16% or more and 44% or less, or 19% or more and 44% or less. The first image clarity total value CT1 may be 10% or more and 40% or less, 15% or more and 40% or less, 16% or more and 40% or less, or 19% or more and 40% or less.

[0092] <<Second Image Definition Total Value CT2>> A lower limit may be set for the second image definition total value CT2. Setting a lower limit for the second image definition total value CT2 can suppress clouding of the antiglare sheet 10. The second image definition total value CT2 may be 20% or more, 30% or more, 40% or more, 50% or more, 53% or more, 60% or more, or 66% or more.

[0093] An upper limit may be set for the second image clarity total value CT2. Setting an upper limit for the second image clarity total value CT2 can improve the antiglare properties of the antiglare sheet 10. The second image clarity total value CT2 may be 200% or less, 180% or less, 173% or less, 151% or less, or 150% or less.

[0094] The second image clarity total value CT2 may be 20% to 200% or less, 30% to 200% or less, 40% to 200% or less, 50% to 200% or less, 53% to 200% or less, 60% to 200% or less, or 66% to 200%. The second image clarity total value CT2 may be 20% to 180% or less, 30% to 180% or less, 40% to 180% or less, 50% to 180% or less, 53% to 180% or less, 60% to 180% or less, or 66% to 180%. The second image clarity total value CT2 may be 20% or more and 173% or less, 30% or more and 173% or less, 40% or more and 173% or less, 50% or more and 173% or less, 53% or more and 173% or less, 60% or more and 173% or less, or 66% or more and 173% or less. The second image clarity total value CT2 may be 20% or more and 151% or less, 30% or more and 151% or less, 40% or more and 151% or less, 50% or more and 151% or less, 53% or more and 151% or less, 60% or more and 151% or less, or 66% or more and 151% or less. The second image clarity total value CT2 may be 20% or more and 150% or less, 30% or more and 150% or less, 40% or more and 150% or less, 50% or more and 150% or less, 53% or more and 150% or less, 60% or more and 150% or less, or 66% or more and 150% or less.

[0095] <<Contrast Ratio>> The degree of contrast can be quantitatively evaluated by calculating the contrast ratio. The contrast ratio is measured as follows.

[0096] A surface light source device for evaluation is prepared. The surface light source device includes, in this order, a cold cathode fluorescent lamp, a diffuser plate, a first polarizing plate, and a second polarizing plate. The diffuser plate, the first polarizing plate, and the second polarizing plate are arranged in contact with each other. An antiglare sheet 10 to be evaluated is placed on the light-emitting surface formed by the second polarizing plate of the surface light source device. The antiglare sheet 10 is placed on the surface light source device so that the second surface 12 of the antiglare sheet 10 is in contact with the second polarizing plate.

[0097] The first and second polarizing plates are AMN-3244TP manufactured by Samsung.

[0098] The luminance on the first surface 11 of the antiglare sheet 10 is measured in an environment where the illuminance on the first surface 11 is 5 lux or less. The luminance measurement area on the first surface is an area with a diameter of 5 mm. The luminance is measured in a direction tilted by 1° with respect to the normal direction of the first surface 11.

[0099] With the cold cathode fluorescent lamps turned on, the dark luminance and bright luminance are measured on the first surface of the antiglare sheet 10. Bright luminance is the luminance measured with the first polarizing plate and the second polarizing plate arranged in a parallel Nicol state. Dark luminance is the luminance measured with the first polarizing plate and the second polarizing plate arranged in a crossed Nicol state. From the measured luminance values ​​of dark luminance and bright luminance, the contrast value of the antiglare sheet 10 to be evaluated is calculated. The contrast value is calculated as the ratio of bright luminance to dark luminance (bright luminance / dark luminance).

[0100] Next, the antiglare layer 30 and the layer located on the first side (the side of the first surface 11) of the antiglare layer 30 in the first direction D1 are removed from the antiglare sheet 10 to obtain a base material for luminance evaluation. As an example, in the examples shown in Figures 1, 3, and 4, the base material for luminance evaluation is composed only of the substrate 20. The base material for luminance evaluation is placed on a surface light source device so that the second surface 12 is in contact with the second polarizing plate. The bright luminance and dark luminance on the surface of the base material for luminance evaluation are measured, and the contrast value of the base material for luminance evaluation is calculated.

[0101] The measurement environment for measuring the luminance of the antiglare sheet 10 and the base material for luminance evaluation is a temperature of 23°C ± 2°C and a relative humidity of 50% ± 5%. The sample of antiglare sheet 10 to be measured and the surface light source device for evaluation are placed in the measurement environment for 16 hours before the start of measurement. Before measuring the luminance, the surface light source device for evaluation is turned on for 15 minutes to stabilize the light source output.

[0102] The contrast ratio of the antiglare sheet 10 is obtained as the ratio of the contrast value of the antiglare sheet 10 to the contrast value of the base material for brightness evaluation (contrast value of antiglare sheet 10 / contrast value of base material for brightness evaluation). The unit of the contrast ratio is %.

[0103] The antiglare sheet 10 having the features (A) and (B) can achieve a contrast ratio of 45% or more. The contrast ratio of the antiglare sheet 10 may be 45% or more, 50% or more, 53% or more, or 55% or more.

[0104] There is no particular upper limit set for the contrast ratio of the antiglare sheet 10. However, as the contrast ratio increases, the antiglare properties of the antiglare sheet 10 decrease. The contrast ratio of the antiglare sheet 10 may be 100% or less, 90% or less, 82% or less, or 80% or less.

[0105] The contrast ratio of the antiglare sheet 10 may be 45% or more and 100% or less, 50% or more and 100% or less, 53% or more and 100% or less, or 55% or more and 100% or less. The contrast ratio of the antiglare sheet 10 may be 45% or more and 90% or less, 50% or more and 90% or less, 53% or more and 90% or less, or 55% or more and 90% or less. The contrast ratio of the antiglare sheet 10 may be 45% or more and 82% or less, 50% or more and 82% or less, 53% or more and 82% or less, or 55% or more and 82% or less. The contrast ratio of the antiglare sheet 10 may be 45% or more and 80% or less, 50% or more and 80% or less, 53% or more and 80% or less, or 55% or more and 80% or less. The contrast ratio of the antiglare sheet 10 may be 45% or more, 50% or more, 53% or more, or 55% or more.

[0106] <<Specular Gloss>> An upper limit may be set for the specular gloss of the first surface 11. By setting an upper limit for the specular gloss of the first surface 11, the antiglare properties of the antiglare sheet 10 can be improved. This makes it possible to improve the contrast of an image observed through the antiglare sheet 10. The specular gloss Gs(60) when the angle of incidence on the first surface 11 is 60° may be 60 or less, 50 or less, 40 or less, 30 or less, 20 or less, 19.8 or less, or 19.2 or less.

[0107] A lower limit may be set for the specular glossiness of the first surface 11. By setting a lower limit for the specular glossiness of the first surface 11, it is possible to suppress clouding of the anti-glare sheet 10. This makes it possible to suppress a background image of the environment in which the anti-glare sheet 10 is installed from being reflected on the anti-glare sheet 10. The specular glossiness Gs(60) at an incident angle of 60° on the first surface 11 may be 5.0 or more, 7.0 or more, 9.0 or more, 12.4 or more, or 14.0 or more.

[0108] The specular gloss Gs(60) when the angle of incidence on the first surface 11 is 60° may be 5.0 or greater and 60 or less, 7.0 or greater and 60 or less, 9.0 or greater and 60 or less, 12.4 or greater and 60 or less, or 14.0 or greater and 60 or less. The specular gloss Gs(60) when the angle of incidence on the first surface 11 is 60° may be 5.0 or greater and 50 or less, 7.0 or greater and 50 or less, 9.0 or greater and 50 or less, 12.4 or greater and 50 or less, or 14.0 or greater and 50 or less. The specular gloss Gs(60) when the angle of incidence on the first surface 11 is 60° may be 5.0 or greater and 40 or less, 7.0 or greater and 40 or less, 9.0 or greater and 40 or less, 12.4 or greater and 40 or less, or 14.0 or greater and 40 or less. The specular gloss Gs(60) when the angle of incidence on the first surface 11 is 60° may be 5.0 or greater and 30 or less, 7.0 or greater and 30 or less, 9.0 or greater and 30 or less, 12.4 or greater and 30 or less, or 14.0 or greater and 30 or less. The specular gloss Gs(60) when the angle of incidence on the first surface 11 is 60° may be 5.0 or greater and 20 or less, 7.0 or greater and 20 or less, 9.0 or greater and 20 or less, 12.4 or greater and 20 or less, or 14.0 or greater and 20 or less. The specular gloss Gs(60) when the angle of incidence on the first surface 11 is 60° may be 5.0 or greater and 19.8 or less, 7.0 or greater and 19.8 or less, 9.0 or greater and 19.8 or less, 12.4 or greater and 19.8 or less, or 14.0 or greater and 19.8 or less. The specular gloss Gs(60) when the angle of incidence on the first surface 11 is 60° may be 5.0 or more and 19.2 or less, 7.0 or more and 19.2 or less, 9.0 or more and 19.2 or less, 12.4 or more and 19.2 or less, or 14.0 or more and 19.2 or less.

[0109] The specular gloss is a value measured in accordance with JIS Z8741:1997, except that the angle of incidence is 60° and the measurement is performed as follows. The measurement environment for measuring specular gloss is a temperature of 23°C ± 2°C and a relative humidity of 50% ± 5%. The measurement sample to be measured is placed in the measurement environment for 16 hours before starting the measurement. Before measuring the specular gloss, the light source of the measurement device is turned on for 15 minutes to stabilize the light source output.

[0110] The specular gloss is measured on a 10 cm x 5 cm sample cut out from the antiglare sheet 10. The incident surface when measuring the specular gloss is the first surface 11 of the antiglare sheet 10. When measuring the specular gloss, a non-glossy black resin plate is brought into close contact with the second surface 12 of the measurement sample by the air suction method. The black resin plate is an accessory of the specular gloss measurement device.

[0111] The specular gloss is defined as the arithmetic mean of three measured values. Three samples, each measuring 50 mm x 50 mm, are cut out from the antiglare sheet 10. The specular gloss is measured at the center of each sample. The arithmetic mean of the three measured values ​​for the three samples is defined as the specular gloss Gs(60) of the antiglare sheet 10.

[0112] <<Transmission Haze>> A lower limit may be set for the transmission haze of the anti-glare sheet 10. Setting a lower limit for the transmission haze can improve the anti-glare properties of the anti-glare sheet 10. This can prevent background images of the environment in which the anti-glare sheet 10 is installed from being reflected in the anti-glare sheet 10. The transmission haze of the anti-glare sheet 10 may be 20% or more, 30% or more, 40% or more, 43% or more, 45% or more, or 50% or more.

[0113] An upper limit may be set for the transmission haze of the antiglare sheet 10. Setting an upper limit for the transmission haze can suppress clouding of the antiglare sheet 10. This can improve the contrast of an image observed through the antiglare sheet 10. The transmission haze of the antiglare sheet 10 may be 75% or less, 73% or less, 70% or less, 61% or less, or 60% or less.

[0114] The transmission haze of the antiglare sheet 10 may be 20% or more and 75% or less, 30% or more and 75% or less, 40% or more and 75% or less, 43% or more and 75% or less, 45% or more and 75% or less, or 50% or more and 75% or less. The transmission haze of the antiglare sheet 10 may be 20% or more and 73% or less, 30% or more and 73% or less, 40% or more and 73% or less, 43% or more and 73% or less, 45% or more and 73% or less, or 50% or more and 73% or less. The transmission haze of the antiglare sheet 10 may be 20% or more and 70% or less, 30% or more and 70% or less, 40% or more and 70% or less, 43% or more and 70% or less, 45% or more and 70% or less, or 50% or more and 70% or less. The transmission haze of the antiglare sheet 10 may be 20% or more and 61% or less, 30% or more and 61% or less, 40% or more and 61% or less, 43% or more and 61% or less, 45% or more and 61% or less, or 50% or more and 61% or less. The transmission haze of the antiglare sheet 10 may be 20% or more and 60% or less, 30% or more and 60% or less, 40% or more and 60% or less, 43% or more and 60% or less, 45% or more and 60% or less, or 50% or more and 60% or less.

[0115] A D65 light source is used to measure the transmission haze (%). Before measuring the transmission haze of the antiglare sheet 10, the D65 light source is turned on for 15 minutes to stabilize the output of the D65 light source. When measuring the transmission haze, the angle of incidence on the measurement sample is 0°. When measuring the transmission haze, the incident surface is the second surface 12 of the antiglare sheet 10. The measurement environment for measuring the transmission haze is a temperature of 23°C ± 2°C and a relative humidity of 50% ± 5%. The measurement sample is placed in the measurement environment for 16 hours before starting the measurement. Other measurement conditions for measuring the transmission haze are in accordance with JIS K7136:2000.

[0116] The transmission haze is the arithmetic mean value of five measurements taken at five measurement positions on the antiglare sheet to be evaluated, the five measurement positions being spaced at least 10 mm apart from each other.

[0117] <<Total Light Transmittance>> The total light transmittance of the anti-glare sheet 10 may be 50% or more, 70% or more, 80% or more, or 90% or more. The total light transmittance of the anti-glare sheet 10 does not have a particular upper limit. The total light transmittance of the anti-glare sheet 10 may be 100% or less, or less than 100%. The total light transmittance of the anti-glare sheet 10 may be 50% or more and 100% or less, 70% or more and 100% or less, 80% or more and 100% or less, or 90% or more and 100% or less. The total light transmittance of the anti-glare sheet 10 may be 50% or more and less than 100%, 70% or more and less than 100%, 80% or more and less than 100%, or 90% or more and less than 100%.

[0118] A light source simulating the spectrum of D65 standard light (hereinafter referred to as D65 light source) is used to measure the total light transmittance. Before measuring the total light transmittance, the D65 light source is turned on for 15 minutes to stabilize the output of the D65 light source. The angle of incidence on the measurement sample when measuring the total light transmittance is 0°. The incident surface when measuring the total light transmittance of the antiglare sheet 10 is the second surface 12 of the antiglare sheet 10. The test environment when measuring the total light transmittance is a temperature of 23°C ± 2°C and a relative humidity of 50% ± 5%. The measurement sample is placed in the test environment for 16 hours before starting the test. Other measurement conditions when measuring the total light transmittance are in accordance with JIS K7361-1:1997.

[0119] The total light transmittance is the arithmetic mean value of five measured values. The five measured values ​​are measured at five measurement positions on the antiglare sheet to be evaluated. The five measurement positions are located at least 10 mm apart from each other.

[0120] As used herein, "transparent" means that the total light transmittance is 50% or more. The total light transmittance of a transparent object may be 70% or more, 80% or more, or 90% or more.

[0121] <<Layers Included in Antiglare Sheet>> Each layer included in the antiglare sheet 10 will be described in further detail with reference to the illustrated antiglare sheet 10. The antiglare sheet 10 shown in FIG. 1 includes, in this order from the second surface 12 to the first surface 11 in the first direction D1, a substrate 20, an antiglare layer 30, and a functional layer 40. As shown in FIG. 2, the functional layer 40 may include a binder resin 46 and hollow silica particles 47. The hollow silica particles 47 are low-refractive-index particles. The refractive index of the hollow silica particles 47 may be lower than the refractive index of the binder resin 46. In the example shown in FIG. 2, the functional layer 40 may be configured as a layer with a refractive index lower than that of the antiglare layer 30. The functional layer 40 may be a low-reflection layer or anti-reflection layer having a function of suppressing reflection.

[0122] The antiglare sheet 10 may further include other layers. In the example shown in FIG. 3 , the antiglare sheet 10 includes a substrate 20, an antiglare layer 30, a second functional layer 50, and a functional layer 40, in this order from the second surface 12 to the first surface 11. The second functional layer 50 may include a binder resin and particles. The particles may be high-refractive-index particles. The refractive index of the particles may be higher than the refractive index of the binder resin. In the example shown in FIG. 3 , the functional layer 40 may be configured as a layer with a lower refractive index than the second functional layer 50. The second functional layer 50 may be configured as a layer with a higher refractive index than the antiglare layer 30. The functional layer 40 and the second functional layer 50 may be low-reflection layers or anti-reflection layers that have the function of suppressing reflection.

[0123] The functional layer 40 may be omitted from the antiglare sheet 10. In the example shown in Fig. 4, the antiglare sheet 10 includes a substrate 20 and an antiglare layer 30 in this order from the second surface 12 to the first surface 11.

[0124] In the example shown in Figures 1 and 3, the first surface 11 is formed by the functional layer 40. The functional layer 40 and the second functional layer 50 are thin layers that extend along the uneven surface 31X of the anti-glare layer 30. In the example shown in Figures 1 and 3, the first surface 11 is an uneven surface 11X having unevenness corresponding to the uneven surface 31X of the anti-glare layer 30. In the example shown in Figure 4, the first surface 11 is formed by the anti-glare layer 30. In the examples shown in Figures 1, 3, and 4, the second surface 12 is formed by the substrate 20.

[0125] The antiglare sheet 10 may include other functional layers different from those shown in the drawings, such as an antifouling layer, a hard coat layer, and an antistatic layer.

[0126] In the illustrated example, the first direction D1 is the stacking direction. The layers 20, 30, 40, and 50 included in the antiglare sheet 10 are stacked in the first direction D1. Each of the layers 20, 30, 40, and 50 has a normal direction parallel to the first direction D1. Each of the layers 20, 30, 40, and 50 extends in a second direction D2 and a third direction D3 that are perpendicular to the first direction D1. In the illustrated example, the second direction D2 and the third direction D3 are perpendicular to each other.

[0127] The substrate 20, the antiglare layer 30, the functional layer 40, and the second functional layer 50 will be described below.

[0128] <Substrate 20> The substrate 20 supports the antiglare layer 30. As shown in Figures 1, 3, and 4, the substrate 20 may constitute the second surface 12 of the antiglare sheet 10. The second surface 12 may be a flat surface. The second surface 12 may be a surface perpendicular to the first direction D1.

[0129] The substrate 20 may be transparent. Transparent means that the total light transmittance is 50% or more, and may be 70% or more, 80% or more, or 90% or more.

[0130] The material of the substrate 20 is not particularly limited, and may be resin or glass. Resin is preferable because it is lightweight and easy to manufacture.

[0131] The resin used for the substrate 20 may be an olefin-based resin such as polyethylene or polypropylene. The resin used for the substrate 20 may be a vinyl-based resin such as polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride, polyvinyl alcohol, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, or ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer. The resin used for the substrate 20 may be an ester-based resin such as polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene naphthalate, or polybutylene terephthalate. The resin used for the substrate 20 may be an acrylic-based resin such as polymethyl(meth)acrylate or polyethyl(meth)acrylate. The resin used for the substrate 20 may be a styrene-based resin such as polystyrene, a polyamide-based resin such as nylon 6 or nylon 66, or a cellulose-based resin such as triacetyl cellulose. Further examples of resins used for the substrate 20 include resins such as polycarbonate, polyimide-based resins, and cycloolefin resins obtained from cycloolefins such as norbornene and dicyclopentadiene. The antiglare layer 30 may contain only one of the above-mentioned resins, or two or more of the above-mentioned resins.

[0132] A substrate containing a polyester-based resin such as polyethylene terephthalate or polyethylene naphthalate may be stretched. The stretching may be uniaxial stretching. The stretching may be biaxial stretching. The stretched substrate containing a polyester-based resin has birefringence. The retardation Re of the stretched substrate containing a polyester-based resin may be adjusted.

[0133] The thickness of the resin substrate 20 is not particularly limited. From the viewpoint of ease of handling, the thickness of the resin substrate 20 may be 10 μm or more, 20 μm or more, or 50 μm or more. The thickness of the resin substrate 20 may be 500 μm or less, 400 μm or less, or 300 μm or less. The thickness of the glass substrate 20 may be 500 μm or more. The thickness of the glass substrate 20 may be 5 mm or less.

[0134] When the antiglare sheet 10 is applied to a foldable application, the substrate 20 may be flexible. In this example, the thickness of the resin substrate 20 may be 10 μm or more and 40 μm or less. When the antiglare sheet 10 is used by being laminated with glass, the thickness of the resin substrate 20 may be 40 μm or more and 100 μm or less from the viewpoint of preventing the glass from shattering.

[0135] The substrate 20 may include only a single layer or multiple layers. The substrate 20 may include a primer layer such as an easy-adhesion layer.

[0136] <Anti-glare layer> The anti-glare layer 30 suppresses reflected and scattered light and is a layer that plays a central role in anti-glare properties. The anti-glare layer 30 includes a first surface 31 and a second surface 32. The first surface 31 faces a first side in the first direction D1. The second surface 32 faces a second side in the first direction D1. The first surface 31 may be an uneven surface 31X having unevenness. The second surface 32 may be a flat surface. The anti-glare layer 30 may be connected to the substrate 20 at the second surface 32. The anti-glare layer 30 may be bonded to the substrate 20 at the second surface 32.

[0137] In the example shown in Figures 1 and 3, the functional layer 40 constitutes the first surface 11 of the anti-glare sheet 10. The functional layer 40 is a very thin layer that extends along the uneven surface 31X. The first surface 11 is an uneven surface 11X that includes unevenness corresponding to the unevenness of the uneven surface 31X. Ambient light in the environment in which the anti-glare sheet 10 is installed is diffusely reflected by the first surface 11 as the uneven surface 11X. This diffuse reflection prevents background images in the environment in which the anti-glare sheet 10 is installed from being reflected on the anti-glare sheet 10. In this way, the anti-glare layer 30 and the anti-glare sheet 10 exhibit anti-glare properties.

[0138] In the example shown in Figure 4, the first surface 31 of the anti-glare layer 30 constitutes the first surface 11 of the anti-glare sheet 10. The first surface 11 is an uneven surface 11X constituted by an uneven surface 31X. Ambient light in the environment in which the anti-glare sheet 10 is installed is diffusely reflected by the first surface 11 as the uneven surface 11X. This diffuse reflection prevents background images in the environment in which the anti-glare sheet 10 is installed from being reflected on the anti-glare sheet 10. In this way, the anti-glare layer 30 and the anti-glare sheet 10 exhibit anti-glare properties.

[0139] (Method for Producing Antiglare Sheet) The antiglare layer 30 can be produced by, for example, (X) shaping with an embossing roll, (Y) etching treatment, (Z) molding with a mold, or (W) forming a coating film by coating. According to the production method (Z), the irregular surface 31X of the desired shape can be produced stably. According to the production method (W), an antiglare layer coating liquid is used to form the antiglare layer 30. The antiglare layer 30 is obtained by drying and curing the coating film of the antiglare layer coating liquid. The production method (W) is excellent in productivity and compatibility with a wide variety of products. The following two methods may be adopted as the production method for (W). In the first method (W1), a coating liquid containing a binder resin and particles is applied to form irregularities due to the presence of the particles. In the second method (W2), a coating liquid containing an arbitrary resin and a resin that is poorly compatible with the resin is applied to cause phase separation of the resin to form irregularities. The first method (W1) makes it easy to control the uneven surface 31X.

[0140] The average thickness T of the antiglare layer 30 can be determined in consideration of the balance between curl suppression, mechanical strength, hardness, toughness, etc. The average thickness T of the antiglare layer may be 2 μm or more and 10 μm or less, or 4 μm or more and 8 μm or less.

[0141] The "average thickness" used for each layer included in the anti-glare sheet is a value specified by the following (A1) to (A3). (A1) A cross section of the anti-glare sheet is imaged using a transmission electron microscope (TEM). (A2) In the image, the thickness of the measurement target layer at the center position along the sheet surface of the anti-glare sheet and the thickness of the measurement target layer at positions shifted 50 μm on both sides from the center position along the sheet surface of the anti-glare sheet are measured. The thickness is defined as the length (μm) of the measurement target layer along the direction perpendicular to the sheet surface of the anti-glare sheet. (A3) For the layer to be measured, the above steps (A1) and (A2) are performed five times to measure the thickness of the measurement target layer at a total of 15 positions. The average of the 15 thickness measurements is defined as the average thickness (nm) of the measurement target layer.

[0142] (Components) The antiglare layer mainly contains a resin component and may contain additives as necessary. Examples of additives include particles such as organic particles and inorganic fine particles, refractive index adjusters, antistatic agents, antifouling agents, UV absorbers, light stabilizers, antioxidants, viscosity adjusters, and thermal polymerization initiators.

[0143] 1, 3, and 4, the antiglare layer 30 may include a resin 36 and particles 37. The particles 37 may be organic particles. The particles 37 may be inorganic particles. The antiglare layer 30 may include both organic particles and inorganic particles as the particles 37.

[0144] (Particles) Examples of materials for organic particles include polymethyl methacrylate, polyacrylic-styrene copolymer, melamine resin, polycarbonate, polystyrene, polyvinyl chloride, benzoguanamine-melamine-formaldehyde condensate, silicone, fluorine-based resin, polyester-based resin, etc. Examples of materials for inorganic particles include silica, alumina, zirconia, titania, etc.

[0145] From the viewpoint of imparting an effective light diffusion function to the antiglare layer 30, the antiglare layer 30 may contain silicone particles or silica particles as the particles 37. According to this example, it is easy to impart the fluorescent X-ray intensity of the above-mentioned Si element to the antiglare sheet 10.

[0146] The inorganic particles may be amorphous inorganic particles. An example of the amorphous inorganic particles is amorphous silica. The amorphous inorganic particles make it easier to impart the above-mentioned characteristics to the antiglare sheet 10, such as the image clarity ratio (CT2 / CT1), the first image clarity total value CT1, the second image clarity total value CT2, the transmission haze, the specular gloss Gs(60), and the contrast ratio.

[0147] When the average particle diameter D of the particles 37 is large relative to the thickness of the antiglare layer 30, the first surface 31 is likely to include a slope with a relatively large inclination. When the average particle diameter D of the particles 37 is small relative to the thickness of the antiglare layer 30, the first surface 31 is likely to include a slope with a relatively small inclination.

[0148] The average particle diameter D of the particles 37 may be 1.0 μm or more and 7.0 μm or less, 1.5 μm or more and 6.0 μm or less, or 1.7 μm or more and 5.0 μm or less. By reducing the average particle diameter D of the particles 37, it becomes easier to impart to the antiglare sheet 10 the above-mentioned characteristics such as the image clarity ratio (CT2 / CT1), the first image clarity total value CT1, the second image clarity total value CT2, the transmission haze, the specular gloss Gs(60), and the contrast value.

[0149] The "average particle size" used for particles such as organic particles and inorganic particles is a value specified by the following (B1) to (B3). (B1) A cross section of an antiglare sheet containing particles is observed using a transmission electron microscope (TEM), and an observation image is obtained by imaging. (B2) Ten particles are randomly selected from the observation image, and the particle diameters of each particle are measured. The particle diameter (μm) is the distance between two parallel lines that maximize the distance between the cross section of the particle. In other words, the particle diameter is the maximum length of the particle in the observation image. The particle diameter is specified as the particle diameter (maximum length) of each particle. (B3) The same antiglare sheet to be measured is subjected to the above steps (B1) and (B2) five times to measure the particle diameters of a total of 50 particles. The average of the 50 particle diameter measurements is the average particle diameter (μm) of the particles.

[0150] The ratio D / T of the average thickness T of the antiglare layer 30 to the average particle diameter D of the particles 37 may be 0.10 or more and 3.5 or less, 0.20 or more and 2.0 or less, 0.30 or more and 1.0 or less, or 0.50 or more and 0.70 or less. Setting D / T in this manner makes it easier to impart to the antiglare sheet 10 the above-mentioned characteristics such as the image clarity ratio (CT2 / CT1), first image clarity total value CT1, second image clarity total value CT2, transmission haze, specular gloss Gs(60), and contrast ratio.

[0151] Increasing the content of the particles 37 relative to the binder resin makes it easier for the first surface 31 to include densely packed inclined surfaces. Increasing the content of the particles 37 relative to the binder resin makes it easier for the first surface 31 to include sparsely packed inclined surfaces.

[0152] The content of particles 37, such as organic particles and inorganic particles, may be 10 parts by mass or more and 200 parts by mass or less, 15 parts by mass or more and 170 parts by mass or less, or 20 parts by mass or more and 150 parts by mass or less, relative to 100 parts by mass of the binder resin. By setting the particle content to 10 parts by mass or more and 200 parts by mass or less, it becomes easier to impart the above-mentioned characteristics, such as the image clarity ratio (CT2 / CT1), first image clarity total value CT1, second image clarity total value CT2, transmission haze, specular gloss Gs(60), and contrast ratio, to the antiglare sheet 10. By setting the particle content to 200 parts by mass or less, it is possible to suppress detachment of particles 37 from the antiglare layer 30.

[0153] (Inorganic Fine Particles) In addition to the resin 36 and the particles 37, the antiglare layer 30 may further contain inorganic fine particles. The inorganic fine particles are distinguished from the above-mentioned particles 37 by their average particle diameter. When the antiglare layer 30 contains inorganic fine particles, it is possible to impart to the uneven surface 31X fine irregularities that can be distinguished from the irregularities formed by the particles 37. The uneven surface 31X including the fine irregularities makes it easy to achieve dense and uniform light diffusion.

[0154] Examples of inorganic fine particle materials include silica, alumina, zirconia, and titania. The average particle diameter of the inorganic fine particles may be 1 nm or more and 200 nm or less, 2 nm or more and 100 nm or less, or 5 nm or more and 50 nm or less. The average particle diameter of the inorganic fine particles can be measured in the same manner as the average particle diameter of the particles described above.

[0155] The content of the inorganic fine particles may be 5 parts by mass or more and 100 parts by mass or less, 15 parts by mass or more and 150 parts by mass or less, or 20 parts by mass or more and 80 parts by mass or less, relative to 100 parts by mass of the binder resin. By setting the content of the inorganic fine particles to 10 parts by mass or more, the effects based on the inorganic fine particles described above can be easily obtained. The content of the inorganic fine particles may be 200 parts by mass or less.

[0156] (Resin) The resin 36 may include a cured resin. The cured resin is a cured product of a curable resin composition. The curable resin composition may be a thermosetting resin composition. The curable resin composition may be an ionizing radiation curable resin composition. The resin 36 may include a cured product of a curable resin composition and a cured product of an ionizing radiation curable resin composition.

[0157] The thermosetting resin composition contains a thermosetting resin. The thermosetting resin composition is cured by heating. Examples of the thermosetting resin include acrylic resin, urethane resin, phenolic resin, urea melamine resin, epoxy resin, unsaturated polyester resin, and silicone resin. The thermosetting resin composition may contain one or more of these curable resins and a curing agent.

[0158] The ionizing radiation-curable resin composition contains a compound having an ionizing radiation-curable functional group. Hereinafter, the compound having an ionizing radiation-curable functional group is also referred to as an "ionizing radiation-curable compound." Examples of the ionizing radiation-curable functional group include ethylenically unsaturated bond groups such as (meth)acryloyl groups, vinyl groups, and allyl groups, as well as epoxy groups and oxetanyl groups. The ionizing radiation-curable compound may contain an ethylenically unsaturated bond group. The ionizing radiation-curable compound may contain two or more ethylenically unsaturated bond groups. The ionizing radiation-curable compound may be a polyfunctional (meth)acrylate compound containing two or more ethylenically unsaturated bond groups. The polyfunctional (meth)acrylate compound may contain either a monomer or an oligomer. The ionizing radiation may be electromagnetic waves or charged particle beams. The ionizing radiation has an energy quantum capable of polymerizing or crosslinking molecules. Examples of ionizing radiation include ultraviolet (UV) rays, electron beams (EB), X-rays, gamma rays, alpha rays, and ion rays.

[0159] Among the polyfunctional (meth)acrylate compounds, examples of bifunctional (meth)acrylate monomers include ethylene glycol di(meth)acrylate, bisphenol A tetraethoxydiacrylate, bisphenol A tetrapropoxydiacrylate, 1,6-hexanediol diacrylate, etc. Examples of trifunctional or higher functional (meth)acrylate monomers include trimethylolpropane tri(meth)acrylate, pentaerythritol tri(meth)acrylate, pentaerythritol tetra(meth)acrylate, dipentaerythritol hexa(meth)acrylate, dipentaerythritol tetra(meth)acrylate, isocyanuric acid-modified tri(meth)acrylate, etc. The (meth)acrylate monomer may have a partially modified molecular skeleton. The (meth)acrylate monomer may have a part of its molecular skeleton modified with ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, caprolactone, isocyanuric acid, alkyl, cyclic alkyl, aromatic, bisphenol, or the like.

[0160] Examples of polyfunctional (meth)acrylate oligomers include acrylate polymers such as urethane (meth)acrylate, epoxy (meth)acrylate, polyester (meth)acrylate, and polyether (meth)acrylate. Urethane (meth)acrylate can be obtained, for example, by reacting a polyhydric alcohol and an organic diisocyanate with a hydroxy (meth)acrylate. The epoxy (meth)acrylate may be a (meth)acrylate obtained by reacting a trifunctional or higher aromatic epoxy resin, alicyclic epoxy resin, aliphatic epoxy resin, or the like with (meth)acrylic acid. The epoxy (meth)acrylate may be a (meth)acrylate obtained by reacting a difunctional or higher aromatic epoxy resin, alicyclic epoxy resin, aliphatic epoxy resin, or the like with a polybasic acid and (meth)acrylic acid. The epoxy (meth)acrylate may be a (meth)acrylate obtained by reacting a difunctional or higher aromatic epoxy resin, alicyclic epoxy resin, aliphatic epoxy resin, or the like with a phenol and (meth)acrylic acid.

[0161] A monofunctional (meth)acrylate may be used as the ionizing radiation curable compound for the purpose of adjusting the viscosity of the antiglare layer coating liquid for forming the antiglare layer 30. Examples of the monofunctional (meth)acrylate include methyl (meth)acrylate, ethyl (meth)acrylate, propyl (meth)acrylate, butyl (meth)acrylate, pentyl (meth)acrylate, hexyl (meth)acrylate, cyclohexyl (meth)acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl (meth)acrylate, lauryl (meth)acrylate, stearyl (meth)acrylate, and isobornyl (meth)acrylate.

[0162] One type of ionizing radiation curable compound may be used alone, or two or more types of ionizing radiation curable compounds may be used in combination.

[0163] The weight average molecular weight of the monomer may be greater than 0 and less than 1,000, greater than 0 and not greater than 800, or greater than 0 and not greater than 600. The weight average molecular weight of the oligomer may be 1,500 or greater and not greater than 20,000, 2,000 or greater and not greater than 15,000, or 3,000 or greater and not greater than 12,000. The weight average molecular weight is an average molecular weight measured by GPC analysis and converted into standard polystyrene.

[0164] When the ionizing radiation curable compound is an ultraviolet curable compound, the curable resin composition forming the resin 36 may contain additives such as a photopolymerization initiator or a photopolymerization accelerator. Examples of photopolymerization initiators include one or more selected from acetophenone, benzophenone, α-hydroxyalkylphenone, Michler's ketone, benzoin, benzyl dimethyl ketal, benzoyl benzoate, α-acyloxime ester, α-aminoalkylphenone, thioxanthones, and the like. The photopolymerization accelerator reduces polymerization inhibition by air during curing and increases the curing rate. Examples of photopolymerization accelerators include one or more selected from p-dimethylaminobenzoic acid isoamyl ester, p-dimethylaminobenzoic acid ethyl ester, and the like.

[0165] When the resin 36 contains a cured product of an ionizing radiation curable resin composition, it may have the following configuration (C1) or (C2).

[0166] The (C1) resin 36 includes a cured product of an ionizing radiation curable resin composition and a thermoplastic resin. The (C2) resin 36 includes substantially only a cured product of an ionizing radiation curable resin composition, and includes 70 mass% or more of a monomer component as the ionizing radiation curable compound contained in the ionizing radiation curable resin composition.

[0167] When the above-described configuration (C1) is adopted, the viscosity of the antiglare layer coating liquid for forming the antiglare layer 30 is increased by the thermoplastic resin. The particles 37 are less likely to sink in the antiglare layer coating liquid. According to the configuration (C1), the first surface 31 of the antiglare layer 30 is more likely to include a relatively steeply inclined inclined surface. According to the configuration (C1), it is easier to impart the above-described characteristics, such as the image clarity ratio (CT2 / CT1), first image clarity total value CT1, second image clarity total value CT2, transmission haze, specular gloss Gs(60), and contrast ratio, to the antiglare sheet 10.

[0168] Examples of thermoplastic resins include polystyrene-based resins, polyolefin-based resins, ABS resins (including heat-resistant ABS resins), AS resins, AN resins, polyphenylene oxide-based resins, polycarbonate-based resins, polyacetal-based resins, acrylic-based resins, polyethylene terephthalate-based resins, polybutylene terephthalate-based resins, polysulfone-based resins, and polyphenylene sulfide-based resins.

[0169] The weight average molecular weight of the thermoplastic resin may be from 20,000 to 200,000, from 30,000 to 150,000, or from 50,000 to 100,000. The weight average molecular weight is an average molecular weight measured by GPC analysis and converted into standard polystyrene.

[0170] In the above structure (C1), the mass ratio of the cured product of the ionizing radiation-curable resin composition to the thermoplastic resin may be 60:40 to 90:10, or 70:30 to 80:20. By using 10 parts by mass or more of the thermoplastic resin per 90 parts by mass of the cured product of the ionizing radiation-curable resin composition, the effect of increasing the viscosity of the antiglare layer coating liquid can be effectively obtained. By using 40 parts by mass or less of the thermoplastic resin per 60 parts by mass of the cured product of the ionizing radiation-curable resin composition, the mechanical strength of the antiglare layer can be improved.

[0171] When the above configuration (C2) is adopted, the particles 37 are spread out over the bottom of the antiglare layer 30, and the particles 37 tend to be stacked in some areas. Furthermore, a very thin layer of resin 36 covers the particles 37. By adjusting the average particle diameter of the particles 37, the antiglare layer 30 tends to achieve dense and uniform light diffusion.

[0172] In the above structure (C2), the proportion of the cured product of the ionizing radiation-curable resin composition relative to the total amount of resin 36 may be 90% by mass or more, 95% by mass or more, or even 100% by mass. In the above structure (C2), the proportion of the monomer component relative to the total amount of the ionizing radiation-curable compound may be 70% by mass or more, or even 75% by mass or more. When the above structure (C2) is adopted, the monomer component may be a polyfunctional (meth)acrylate compound.

[0173] <Anti-glare layer coating liquid> As described above, the anti-glare layer 30 may be produced by drying and curing a coating film of the anti-glare layer coating liquid. The anti-glare layer coating liquid may contain a curable resin composition and particles. The anti-glare layer coating liquid used to produce the anti-glare layer 30 may contain additives such as an antistatic agent, an antioxidant, a surfactant, a dispersant, and an ultraviolet absorber.

[0174] The antiglare layer coating liquid may contain a silicone-based leveling agent (a silicone-based compound) as an additive. By including the silicone-based leveling agent in the antiglare layer coating liquid, protrusion of the particles 37 from the first surface 11 can be suppressed. This smoothes the first surface 11, and the resulting antiglare layer 30 is likely to achieve dense and uniform light diffusion.

[0175] The antiglare layer coating liquid may contain a solvent. The viscosity of the antiglare layer coating liquid can be adjusted by the solvent. The dispersion of each component can be controlled by the solvent. The surface properties of the obtained antiglare layer 30 vary depending on the type of solvent. The type of solvent may be selected taking into consideration the saturated vapor pressure, the permeability of the solvent into the transparent substrate, etc. Examples of the solvent include ketones (acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone (MIBK), cyclohexanone, etc.), ethers (dioxane, tetrahydrofuran, etc.), aliphatic hydrocarbons (hexane, etc.), alicyclic hydrocarbons (cyclohexane, etc.), aromatic hydrocarbons (toluene, xylene, etc.), halogenated carbons (dichloromethane, dichloroethane, etc.), esters (methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, etc.), alcohols (isopropanol, butanol, cyclohexanol, etc.), cellosolves (methyl cellosolve, ethyl cellosolve, etc.), glycol ethers (propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate, etc.), cellosolve acetates, sulfoxides (dimethyl sulfoxide, etc.), amides (dimethylformamide, dimethylacetamide, etc.), etc. The antiglare layer coating liquid may contain one or more solvents.

[0176] The antiglare layer coating liquid may contain a solvent with a high evaporation rate. Increasing the evaporation rate of the solvent can prevent the particles 37 from settling to the bottom of the antiglare layer 30. Increasing the evaporation rate of the solvent makes it easier for the first surface 31 of the antiglare layer 30 to include a relatively steeply inclined surface. Increasing the evaporation rate of the solvent makes it easier to impart to the antiglare sheet 10 the above-mentioned characteristics such as the image clarity ratio (CT2 / CT1), first image clarity total value CT1, second image clarity total value CT2, transmission haze, specular gloss Gs(60), and contrast ratio.

[0177] A solvent with a fast evaporation rate means a solvent with an evaporation rate of 100 or more, assuming that the evaporation rate of butyl acetate is 100. The evaporation rate of a solvent with a fast evaporation rate may be 120 or more and 300 or less, or 150 or more and 220 or less. Examples of solvents with a fast evaporation rate include methyl isobutyl ketone (evaporation rate 160), toluene (evaporation rate 200), and methyl ethyl ketone (evaporation rate 370).

[0178] The antiglare layer coating liquid may contain a small amount of a solvent having a slow evaporation rate in addition to a solvent having a fast evaporation rate. A solvent having a slow evaporation rate means a solvent having an evaporation rate of less than 100, where the evaporation rate of butyl acetate is taken as 100. The evaporation rate of a solvent having a slow evaporation rate may be 20 or more and 60 or less, or 25 or more and 40 or less. Examples of solvents having a slow evaporation rate include cyclohexanone (evaporation rate 32) and propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate (evaporation rate 44).

[0179] When an antiglare layer is prepared from the antiglare layer coating liquid, the drying conditions of the coating film of the antiglare layer coating liquid may be adjusted. The drying conditions can be adjusted by the drying temperature and the air speed in the dryer. The drying temperature may be 30°C or higher and 120°C or lower. The drying air speed may be 0.2 m / s or higher and 50 m / s or lower. In order to adjust the surface properties of the antiglare layer by drying, the coating film may be irradiated with ionizing radiation after drying.

[0180] <Functional Layer> The antiglare sheet 10 shown in Figures 1 and 3 further includes a functional layer 40. The functional layer 40 constitutes the first surface 11. The illustrated functional layer 40 is a low refractive index layer. A low refractive index layer has a refractive index lower than the refractive index of an adjacent layer. The functional layer 40 as a low refractive index layer is a low reflection layer or anti-reflection layer that has the function of suppressing reflection.

[0181] As shown in Fig. 2, the functional layer 40 may include a binder resin 46 and hollow silica particles 47. The hollow silica particles 47 may be particles with a low refractive index. The refractive index of the hollow silica particles 47 may be lower than the refractive index of the binder resin 46. The refractive index of the functional layer 40 is reduced by including the particles with a low refractive index. The refractive index of the functional layer 40 is lower than the refractive index of the antiglare layer 30.

[0182] The hollow silica particles 47 have an outer shell layer made of silica. The hollow silica particles 47 have a hollow interior surrounded by the outer shell layer. Air may be contained within the hollow interior. Due to the inclusion of an internal cavity, the hollow silica particles 47 have a refractive index lower than that of silica. The refractive index of the hollow silica particles 47 decreases as the volume of the internal cavity increases. The hollow silica particles 47 reduce the refractive index of the entire functional layer 40.

[0183] The functional layer 40 can suppress reflection of incident light due to its refractive index and thickness. The anti-reflection function of the functional layer 40 is based on the interference of light reflected on both surfaces of the functional layer 40. From the viewpoint of making this anti-reflection function effective, the refractive index of the functional layer 40 may be between the refractive indices of the two regions adjacent to the functional layer 40 on both sides. The thickness (nm) of the functional layer 40 may be approximately 1 / 4 of the wavelength λ (nm) of the light whose reflection is to be suppressed.

[0184] From the viewpoint of the reflection suppression function, the refractive index of the functional layer 40 and the average thickness of the functional layer 40 can be set as follows. The refractive index of the functional layer may be 1.10 or more, 1.20 or more, 1.26 or more, 1.28 or more, or 1.30 or more. The refractive index of the functional layer may be 1.48 or less, 1.45 or less, 1.40 or less, 1.38 or less, or 1.35 or less. The refractive index used for the components that make up the antiglare sheet is the refractive index at a wavelength of 589.3 nm.

[0185] The thickness of the functional layer 40 may be 80 nm or more, 85 nm or more, or 90 nm or more. The thickness of the functional layer may be 150 nm or less, 110 nm or less, or 105 nm or less.

[0186] The binder resin contained in the functional layer 40 may be the same as the binder resin contained in the antiglare layer 30. The binder resin contained in the functional layer 40 may include a cured product of a curable resin composition. The curable resin composition may include one or more of a thermosetting resin composition and an ionizing radiation curable resin composition.

[0187] The functional layer 40 may contain particles other than the hollow silica particles 47. The particles other than the hollow silica particles 47 contained in the functional layer 40 may be the same as the particles 37 contained in the antiglare layer 30. The functional layer 40 may contain, as the particles other than the hollow silica particles 47, one or more of organic particles and inorganic particles. The functional layer 40 may contain, as the inorganic particles, one or more of solid silica and magnesium fluoride particles.

[0188] The functional layer 40 may be produced by a wet method, similar to the antiglare layer 30. The functional layer 40 may be produced using a functional layer coating liquid for forming the functional layer 40. The functional layer 40 may be produced by drying and curing a coating film of the functional layer coating liquid. The functional layer coating liquid for producing the functional layer 40 may contain an additive that can be added to the antiglare layer coating liquid.

[0189] <Second Functional Layer> The antiglare sheet 10 shown in Fig. 3 includes a functional layer 40 and a second functional layer 50. In the example shown in Fig. 3, the functional layer 40 may be configured similarly to the above-described functional layer 40 included in the antiglare sheet 10 shown in Fig. 1. That is, the functional layer 40 constitutes the first surface 11. As shown in Fig. 2, the functional layer 40 may include a binder resin 46 and hollow silica particles 47. The functional layer 40 is a low refractive index layer. The low refractive index layer has a refractive index lower than the refractive index of the adjacent second functional layer 50.

[0190] The second functional layer 50 is located between the functional layer 40 and the anti-glare layer 30 in the first direction D1, which is the stacking direction. The second functional layer 50 has a refractive index higher than the refractive index of the anti-glare layer 30 and the refractive index of the functional layer 40. The functional layer 40 as a low refractive index layer and the second functional layer 50 as a high refractive index layer function as a low-reflection layer or anti-reflection layer and suppress reflection on the first surface 11.

[0191] Specifically, the second functional layer 50 may include a binder resin and particles. The particles may be high-refractive-index particles. The refractive index of the particles may be higher than the refractive index of the binder resin. The refractive index of the second functional layer 50 is increased by including the high-refractive-index particles. The refractive index of the second functional layer 50 is higher than the refractive index of the anti-glare layer 30.

[0192] From the viewpoint of the anti-reflection function, the refractive index of the second functional layer 50 and the average thickness of the functional layer may be set as follows: The refractive index of the second functional layer may be 1.55 or more, or 1.56 or more. The refractive index of the second functional layer may be 1.85 or less, or 1.75 or less. The thickness of the second functional layer 50 may be 50 nm or more. The thickness of the second functional layer may be 200 nm or less, or 180 nm or less.

[0193] The binder resin contained in the second functional layer 50 may be the same as the binder resin contained in the antiglare layer 30. The binder resin contained in the second functional layer 50 may include a cured product of a curable resin composition. The curable resin composition may include one or more of a thermosetting resin composition and an ionizing radiation curable resin composition.

[0194] The particles contained in the second functional layer 50 may be similar to the particles 37 contained in the antiglare layer 30. The second functional layer 50 may contain one or more organic particles and inorganic particles. Examples of particles contained in the second functional layer 50 include antimony pentoxide, zinc oxide, titanium oxide, cerium oxide, tin-doped indium oxide, antimony-doped tin oxide, yttrium oxide, and zirconium oxide.

[0195] The second functional layer 50 may be produced by a wet method, similar to the antiglare layer 30. The second functional layer 50 may be produced using a second functional layer coating liquid for forming the second functional layer 50. The second functional layer 50 may be produced by drying and curing a coating film of the second functional layer coating liquid. The second functional layer coating liquid for producing the second functional layer 50 may contain an additive that can be applied to the antiglare layer coating liquid.

[0196] <<<<Method for manufacturing anti-glare sheet, method for selecting anti-glare sheet>>> The anti-glare sheet 10 including the anti-glare layer 30 can be manufactured as described above. As an example, the anti-glare layer 30 included in the anti-glare sheet 10 may be produced by a wet method. In the wet method, a coating liquid such as an anti-glare layer coating liquid is used. The target layer can be produced from the coating film by drying and curing the coating film of the coating liquid, for example.

[0197] In the method for manufacturing the antiglare sheet 10, the relationship between the thickness of the antiglare layer 30 and the average particle diameter D of the particles 37 may be adjusted. By adjusting the relationship between the thickness of the antiglare layer 30 and the average particle diameter D of the particles 37, the characteristics (A) and (B) of the antiglare sheet 10 can be imparted.

[0198] By increasing the average particle diameter D of the particles 37 relative to the thickness of the antiglare layer 30, it is possible to make the slope of the inclined surface formed on the first surface 11 steeper. Increasing the average particle diameter D of the particles 37 relative to the thickness of the antiglare layer 30 tends to increase the image clarity ratio.

[0199] By reducing the average particle diameter D of the particles 37 relative to the thickness of the antiglare layer 30, it is possible to make the slope of the inclined surface formed on the first surface 11 gentler. If the average particle diameter D of the particles 37 relative to the thickness of the antiglare layer 30 is reduced, the image clarity ratio is likely to decrease.

[0200] In the method for manufacturing the antiglare sheet 10, the content of the particles 37 relative to the binder resin in the antiglare layer 30 may be adjusted. By adjusting the content of the particles 37 relative to the binder resin in the antiglare layer 30, the characteristics (A) and (B) of the antiglare sheet 10 can be imparted.

[0201] The image clarity ratio is likely to increase by increasing the content of the particles 37 relative to the binder resin in the antiglare layer 30. The image clarity ratio is likely to decrease by decreasing the content of the particles 37 relative to the binder resin in the antiglare layer 30.

[0202] The method for manufacturing an anti-glare sheet may further include a step of selecting the manufactured anti-glare sheet 10 in addition to the step of manufacturing the anti-glare sheet. The step of selecting the anti-glare sheet 10 may include a measuring step and a step of selecting the anti-glare sheet 10 based on the measurement results. In the measuring step, the fluorescent X-ray intensity of Si element and the image clarity ratio may be measured on the first surface 11. In the step of selecting the anti-glare sheet 10 based on the measurement results, an anti-glare sheet having a fluorescent X-ray intensity of Si element of 0.5 cps or more and 10.0 cps or less and an image clarity ratio of 2.0 or more and 8.0 or less may be selected. The selected anti-glare sheet 10 has excellent anti-glare properties and is effectively prevented from becoming cloudy. In other words, this selection method allows for highly accurate selection of an anti-glare sheet 10 that can achieve both excellent anti-glare properties and excellent contrast.

[0203] <<<Sheet Article>>> According to the wet method for manufacturing an anti-glare sheet 10, a long sheet article 5 including a large number of anti-glare sheets 10 can be manufactured, as shown in FIG. 7. The long sheet article 5 is cut to a predetermined size to obtain the anti-glare sheet 10. According to this example, anti-glare sheets 10 having various dimensions can be obtained from the long sheet article 5 in accordance with needs. Therefore, anti-glare sheets 10 having various dimensions can be provided in a timely manner. As shown in FIG. 7, handling the sheet article 5 as a roll 7 wound around a winding core about a winding axis RA improves the handleability of the sheet article 5.

[0204] <<<Polarizing Plate>>> The anti-glare sheet 10 according to the present embodiment may be applied to a polarizing plate 60. In the example shown in FIG. 8 , the polarizing plate 60 includes a first protective sheet 61, a polarizer 62, and a second protective sheet 63. The first protective sheet 61 and the second protective sheet 63 sandwich the polarizer 62 and cover it from both sides. At least one of the first protective sheet 61 and the second protective sheet 63 may include the anti-glare sheet 10. The first protective sheet 61 located on the first side (viewer side) in the first direction D1 may include the anti-glare sheet 10. When only one of the first protective sheet 61 and the second protective sheet 63 includes the anti-glare sheet 10, the other protective sheet may be a resin film.

[0205] The polarizer 62 transmits one linearly polarized component and blocks the other linearly polarized component. The polarizer 62 may be an absorptive polarizer that absorbs the other linearly polarized component. The polarizer 62 may be a reflective polarizer that reflects the other linearly polarized component. The polarizer 62 may be a sheet-type polarizer such as a stretched polyvinyl alcohol film, polyvinyl formal film, polyvinyl acetal film, or saponified ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer film dyed with iodine or the like. The polarizer 62 may be a wire-grid polarizer made of a large number of metal wires arranged in parallel. The polarizer 62 may be a coated polarizer coated with a lyotropic liquid crystal or a dichroic guest-host material, or a multilayer thin-film polarizer.

[0206] <<<Image Display Device>>> The anti-glare sheet 10 according to this embodiment may be applied to a display device 65. In the example shown in FIG. 9 , the display device 65 includes a display element 66 and the anti-glare sheet 10. The display element 66 has an image forming surface 66a on which an image is displayed. The anti-glare sheet 10 is overlaid on the display element 66 with its second surface 12 facing the image forming surface 66a. The anti-glare sheet 10 may be bonded to the display element 66 via a bonding layer containing an adhesive, a pressure-sensitive adhesive, or the like. The display element 66 is not particularly limited. Examples of the display element 66 include a liquid crystal display element, an EL display element, a plasma display element, and an electronic paper element.

[0207] The observer observes the image displayed by the display element 66 through the anti-glare sheet 10. As described above, the anti-glare sheet 10 can improve the anti-glare properties of the anti-glare sheet 10 and suppress clouding of the anti-glare sheet 10. Therefore, in a display device 65 to which the anti-glare sheet 10 is applied, background images in the environment in which the display device 65 is placed, such as lighting devices, can be prevented from being reflected in the anti-glare sheet 10. Furthermore, the contrast of the image displayed by the display device 65 can be improved. As a result, deterioration of the image displayed by the display device 65 can be effectively suppressed. The observer can observe a high-quality image.

[0208] As described above, it is possible to effectively prevent the contours of an object observed through the anti-glare sheet 10 from becoming unclear. Furthermore, it is possible to effectively prevent the anti-glare sheet 10 from becoming cloudy and the contrast of an object observed through the anti-glare sheet 10 from decreasing. Therefore, in a display device 65 to which the anti-glare sheet 10 is applied, the contours of an image formed by the display element 66 can be clearly observed while suppressing reflection of the background. In a display device 65 to which the anti-glare sheet 10 is applied, it is possible to prevent the image displayed by the display device 65 from becoming cloudy. The viewer can observe a high-contrast, high-quality image.

[0209] <<<<Panel>>> The anti-glare sheet 10 according to this embodiment can be used in a variety of applications. FIG. 10 shows a panel 70 to which the anti-glare sheet 10 is applied. The panel 70 includes the anti-glare sheet 10 and a bonded article 71 to which the anti-glare sheet 10 is bonded. The panel 70 constitutes an anti-glare article having an anti-glare function using the optical sheet 10. The panel 70 as an anti-glare article suppresses reflection of external images due to its anti-glare function. The anti-glare sheet 10 is overlaid on the bonded article 71 with its second surface 12 facing the bonded article 71. The anti-glare sheet 10 may be bonded to the bonded article 71 via a bonding layer containing an adhesive or a pressure-sensitive adhesive. Examples of the bonded article 71 include an instrument panel, a clock, a showcase, a show window, a window, and a front panel of a display device. The bonded article 71 may be a transparent substrate such as glass or a resin film.

[0210] The present disclosure will be described in more detail with reference to examples, but the present disclosure is not limited to the following examples.

[0211] Example 1 A triacetyl cellulose film (TAC film) having a thickness of 80 μm was used as a substrate. This substrate was TD80UL manufactured by Fujifilm Corporation.

[0212] Antiglare layer coating solution 1 having the following formulation was applied onto a substrate to form a coating film of antiglare layer coating solution 1 on the substrate. The solid content of antiglare layer coating solution 1 was 38%. Next, the coating film was dried at 70°C and an air speed of 5 m / s for 30 seconds. Thereafter, the coating film was dried under a nitrogen atmosphere with an oxygen concentration of 200 ppm or less, with an integrated light intensity of 100 mJ / cm. ２ The coating film was irradiated with ultraviolet light of 1000 kJ / cm. An antiglare layer made of the cured coating film was formed on the substrate, thereby obtaining an antiglare sheet of Example 1. The thickness of the antiglare layer was 5 μm.

[0213] <Anti-glare layer coating solution 1> Pentaerythritol triacrylate 45 parts by mass (Nippon Kayaku Co., Ltd., trade name "KAYARAD-PET-30") Urethane acrylate oligomer 55 parts by mass (DIC Corporation, trade name "LUXYDIR V-4501") Organic particles 5 parts by mass (average particle size 2.0 μm, proportion of particles with a particle size of 1.8 to 2.2 μm being 90% or more, refractive index 1.515, spherical polyacrylic-styrene copolymer, Sekisui Plastics Co., Ltd.) Organic particles 0.5 parts by mass (average particle size 2.0 μm, proportion of particles with a particle size of 1.8 to 2.2 μm being 90% or more, refractive index 1.592, spherical polyacrylic-styrene copolymer, Sekisui Plastics Co., Ltd.) Silica particles 18 parts by mass (average particle size 4.0 μm, gel-process amorphous silica, Fuji Silysia Chemical Ltd.) Photopolymerization initiator 2.37 parts by mass (IGM Resins B.V., trade name "Omnirad 184") Photopolymerization initiator 0.52 parts by mass (IGM Resins B.V., trade name "Omnirad 907") Silicone leveling agent 0.1 parts by mass (Momentive Performance Materials, trade name "TSF4460") Solvent (toluene) 130.5 parts by mass Solvent (MIBK: methyl isobutyl ketone) 32.6 parts by mass

[0214] Example 2 differs from the above-described Example 1 in that antiglare layer coating solution 1 was changed to the following antiglare layer coating solution 2, and an antiglare sheet of Example 2 was obtained using the same materials and in the same manner as in Example 1. The solids content of antiglare layer coating solution 2 was 38%.

[0215] <Anti-glare layer coating solution 2> Pentaerythritol triacrylate 30 parts by weight (Nippon Kayaku Co., Ltd., trade name "KAYARAD-PET-30") Urethane acrylate oligomer 70 parts by weight (DIC Corporation, trade name "LUXYDIR V-4501") Organic particles 2 parts by weight (average particle size 2.0 μm, proportion of particles with a particle size of 1.8 to 2.2 μm of 90% or more, refractive index 1.515, spherical polyacrylic-styrene copolymer, Sekisui Plastics Co., Ltd.) Silica particles 18 parts by weight (average particle size 4.0 μm, gel-process amorphous silica, Fuji Silysia Chemical Ltd.) Silica particles 10 parts by weight (average particle size 6.0 μm, gel-process amorphous silica, Fuji Silysia Chemical Ltd.) Photopolymerization initiator 1.5 parts by weight (IGM Resins B.V., trade name "Omnirad 184") 0.3 parts by mass of photopolymerization initiator (IGM Resins B.V., trade name "Omnirad 907") 1.3 parts by mass of photopolymerization initiator (Lamberti, trade name "ESACUREONE") 0.1 parts by mass of silicone leveling agent (Momentive Performance Materials, trade name "TSF4460") 130.5 parts by mass of solvent (toluene) 32.6 parts by mass of solvent (MIBK: methyl isobutyl ketone)

[0216] Example 3 differs from the above-described Example 1 in that antiglare layer coating solution 1 was changed to the following antiglare layer coating solution 3, and the antiglare sheet of Example 3 was obtained using the same materials and in the same manner as in Example 1. The solids content of antiglare layer coating solution 3 was 38%.

[0217] <Anti-glare layer coating solution 3> Pentaerythritol triacrylate 62 parts by weight (Nippon Kayaku Co., Ltd., trade name "KAYARAD-PET-30") Urethane acrylate oligomer 38 parts by weight (DIC Corporation, trade name "LUXYDIR V-4501") Organic particles 10 parts by weight (average particle size 2.0 μm, proportion of particles with a particle size of 1.8 to 2.2 μm of 90% or more, refractive index 1.515, spherical polyacrylic-styrene copolymer, Sekisui Plastics Co., Ltd.) Silica particles 15 parts by weight (average particle size 4.0 μm, gel-process amorphous silica, Fuji Silysia Chemical Ltd.) Photopolymerization initiator 3.3 parts by weight (IGM Resins B.V., trade name "Omnirad 184") Photopolymerization initiator 0.7 parts by weight (IGM Resins B.V., trade name "Omnirad 907") Photopolymerization initiator 0.7 parts by mass (Lamberti, trade name "ESACUREONE") Silicone leveling agent 0.1 parts by mass (Momentive Performance Materials, trade name "TSF4460") Solvent (toluene) 146.8 parts by mass Solvent (MIBK: methyl isobutyl ketone) 16.3 parts by mass

[0218] Example 4 Example 4 differs from the above-described Example 1 in that antiglare layer coating solution 1 was changed to the following antiglare layer coating solution 4, and the antiglare sheet of Example 4 was obtained using the same materials and in the same manner as in Example 1. The solids content of antiglare layer coating solution 4 was 35%.

[0219] <Anti-glare layer coating solution 4> Pentaerythritol triacrylate 62 parts by weight (Nippon Kayaku Co., Ltd., trade name "KAYARAD-PET-30") Urethane acrylate oligomer 38 parts by weight (DIC Corporation, trade name "LUXYDIR V-4501") Organic particles 10 parts by weight (average particle size 2.0 μm, proportion of particles with a particle size of 1.8 to 2.2 μm of 90% or more, refractive index 1.515, spherical polyacrylic-styrene copolymer, Sekisui Plastics Co., Ltd.) Silica particles 20 parts by weight (average particle size 4.0 μm, gel-process amorphous silica, Fuji Silysia Chemical Ltd.) Photopolymerization initiator 3.3 parts by weight (IGM Resins B.V., trade name "Omnirad 184") Photopolymerization initiator 0.7 parts by weight (IGM Resins B.V., trade name "Omnirad 907") Photopolymerization initiator 0.7 parts by mass (Lamberti, trade name "ESACUREONE") Silicone leveling agent 0.1 parts by mass (Momentive Performance Materials, trade name "TSF4460") Solvent (toluene) 130.5 parts by mass Solvent (MIBK: methyl isobutyl ketone) 32.6 parts by mass

[0220] Example 5 differs from the above-described Example 1 in that antiglare layer coating solution 1 was changed to the following antiglare layer coating solution 5, and the antiglare sheet of Example 5 was obtained using the same materials and in the same manner as in Example 1. The solids content of antiglare layer coating solution 5 was 35%.

[0221] <Anti-glare layer coating solution 5> Pentaerythritol triacrylate 67 parts by mass (Nippon Kayaku Co., Ltd., trade name "KAYARAD-PET-30") Urethane acrylate oligomer 33 parts by mass (DIC Corporation, trade name "LUXYDIR V-4501") Organic particles 10 parts by mass (average particle size 2.0 μm, proportion of particles with a particle size of 1.8 to 2.2 μm of 90% or more, refractive index 1.515, spherical polyacrylic-styrene copolymer, Sekisui Plastics Co., Ltd.) Silica particles 26 parts by mass (average particle size 4.0 μm, gel-process amorphous silica, Fuji Silysia Chemical Ltd.) Photopolymerization initiator 3.5 parts by mass (IGM Resins B.V., trade name "Omnirad 184") Photopolymerization initiator 0.7 parts by mass (IGM Resins B.V., trade name "Omnirad 907") Photopolymerization initiator 0.7 parts by mass (Lamberti, trade name "ESACUREONE") Silicone leveling agent 0.1 parts by mass (Momentive Performance Materials, trade name "TSF4460") Solvent (toluene) 130.5 parts by mass Solvent (MIBK: methyl isobutyl ketone) 32.6 parts by mass

[0222] Example 6 differs from the above-described Example 1 in that antiglare layer coating solution 1 was changed to the following antiglare layer coating solution 6, and the antiglare sheet of Example 6 was obtained using the same materials and in the same manner as in Example 1. The solids content of antiglare layer coating solution 6 was 38%.

[0223] <Anti-glare layer coating solution 6> Pentaerythritol triacrylate 62 parts by mass (Nippon Kayaku Co., Ltd., trade name "KAYARAD-PET-30") Urethane acrylate oligomer 38 parts by mass (DIC Corporation, trade name "LUXYDIR V-4501") Organic particles 20 parts by mass (average particle size 2.0 μm, proportion of particles with a particle size of 1.8 to 2.2 μm of 90% or more, refractive index 1.515, spherical polyacrylic-styrene copolymer, Sekisui Plastics Co., Ltd.) Silica particles 12 parts by mass (average particle size 4.0 μm, gel-process amorphous silica, Fuji Silysia Chemical Ltd.) Photopolymerization initiator 3.3 parts by mass (IGM Resins B.V., trade name "Omnirad 184") Photopolymerization initiator 0.7 parts by mass (IGM Resins B.V., trade name "Omnirad 907") Photopolymerization initiator 0.7 parts by mass (Lamberti, trade name "ESACUREONE") Silicone leveling agent 0.1 parts by mass (Momentive Performance Materials, trade name "TSF4460") Solvent (toluene) 146.8 parts by mass Solvent (MIBK: methyl isobutyl ketone) 16.3 parts by mass

[0224] Example 7 Example 7 differs from the above-described Example 1 in that antiglare layer coating solution 1 was changed to the following antiglare layer coating solution 7, and the antiglare sheet of Example 7 was obtained using the same materials and in the same manner as in Example 1. The solids content of antiglare layer coating solution 7 was 38%.

[0225] <Anti-glare layer coating solution 7> Pentaerythritol triacrylate 62 parts by weight (Nippon Kayaku Co., Ltd., trade name "KAYARAD-PET-30") Urethane acrylate oligomer 38 parts by weight (DIC Corporation, trade name "LUXYDIR V-4501") Organic particles 10 parts by weight (average particle size 2.0 μm, proportion of particles with a particle size of 1.8 to 2.2 μm of 90% or more, refractive index 1.515, spherical polyacrylic-styrene copolymer, Sekisui Plastics Co., Ltd.) Silica particles 5 parts by weight (average particle size 12 nm, silica having reactive functional groups introduced on the surface, containing MIBK as a solvent, solid content 40%, Nissan Chemical Industries, Ltd.) Silica particles 10 parts by weight (average particle size 4.0 μm, gel-process amorphous silica, Fuji Silysia Chemical Ltd.) Photopolymerization initiator 3.3 parts by weight (IGM Resins B.V., trade name "Omnirad 184") - 0.7 parts by mass of photopolymerization initiator (IGM Resins B.V., trade name "Omnirad 907") - 0.7 parts by mass of photopolymerization initiator (Lamberti, trade name "ESACUREONE") - 0.1 parts by mass of silicone leveling agent (Momentive Performance Materials, trade name "TSF4460") - 146.8 parts by mass of solvent (toluene) - 16.3 parts by mass of solvent (MIBK: methyl isobutyl ketone)

[0226] <<Comparative Example 1>> Comparative Example 1 differs from the above-described Example 1 in that antiglare layer coating solution 1 was changed to the following antiglare layer coating solution 8, and the antiglare sheet of Comparative Example 1 was obtained using the same materials and in the same manner as in Example 1. The solids content of antiglare layer coating solution 8 was 38%.

[0227] <Anti-glare layer coating solution 8> Pentaerythritol triacrylate 62 parts by mass (Nippon Kayaku Co., Ltd., trade name "KAYARAD-PET-30") Urethane acrylate oligomer 40 parts by mass (DIC Corporation, trade name "LUXYDIR V-4000BA-ZS") Organic particles 13 parts by mass (average particle size 3.9 μm, proportion of particles with a particle size of 3.7 to 4.1 μm of 90% or more, refractive index 1.556, spherical polyacrylic-styrene copolymer, Sekisui Plastics Co., Ltd.) Silica particles 5 parts by mass (average particle size 12 nm, silica with reactive functional groups introduced on the surface, contains MIBK as a solvent, solids content 40%, Nissan Chemical Industries, Ltd.) Photopolymerization initiator 3.21 parts by mass (IGM Resins B.V., trade name "Omnirad184") Photopolymerization initiator 0.66 parts by mass (IGM Resins B.V., trade name "Omnirad 907") Silicone leveling agent 0.125 parts by mass (Momentive Performance Materials, trade name "TSF4460") Solvent (toluene) 130.5 parts by mass Solvent (PMA: propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate) 16.3 parts by mass Solvent (IPA: isopropyl alcohol) 16.3 parts by mass

[0228] Comparative Example 2 differs from Example 1 in that antiglare layer coating solution 1 was changed to the following antiglare layer coating solution 9. Otherwise, an antiglare sheet of Comparative Example 2 was obtained using the same materials and method as in Example 1. The solid content of antiglare layer coating solution 9 was 38%.

[0229] <Anti-glare layer coating solution 9> Pentaerythritol triacrylate 20 parts by mass (Nippon Kayaku Co., Ltd., trade name "KAYARAD-PET-30") Urethane acrylate oligomer 80 parts by mass (DIC Corporation, trade name "LUXYDIR V-4000BA-ZS") Silica particles 10 parts by mass (average particle size 4.0 μm, gel-process amorphous silica, manufactured by Fuji Silysia Chemical Ltd.) Photopolymerization initiator 5.2 parts by mass (IGM Resins B.V., trade name "Omnirad 184") Photopolymerization initiator 1.2 parts by mass (IGM Resins B.V., trade name "Omnirad 907") Silicone leveling agent 0.1 parts by mass (Momentive Performance Materials, trade name "TSF4460") Solvent (toluene) 138.7 parts by mass Solvent (MIBK: methyl isobutyl ketone) 16.3 parts by mass Solvent (IPA: isopropyl alcohol) 8.2 parts by mass

[0230] Comparative Example 3 differs from Example 1 in that antiglare layer coating solution 1 was changed to the following antiglare layer coating solution 10. Otherwise, an antiglare sheet of Comparative Example 3 was obtained using the same materials and method as in Example 1. The solid content of antiglare layer coating solution 10 was 35%.

[0231] <Anti-glare layer coating solution 10> Pentaerythritol triacrylate 62 parts by mass (Nippon Kayaku Co., Ltd., trade name "KAYARAD-PET-30") Urethane acrylate oligomer 38 parts by mass (DIC Corporation, trade name "LUXYDIR V-4501") Silica particles 20.5 parts by mass (average particle size 4.0 μm, gel-process amorphous silica, manufactured by Fuji Silysia Chemical Ltd.) Photopolymerization initiator 3.3 parts by mass (IGM Resins B.V., trade name "Omnirad 184") Photopolymerization initiator 0.7 parts by mass (IGM Resins B.V., trade name "Omnirad 907") Photopolymerization initiator 0.7 parts by mass (Lamberti, trade name "ESACUREONE") Silicone leveling agent: 0.1 parts by mass (Momentive Performance Materials, trade name "TSF4460") Solvent (toluene): 146.8 parts by mass Solvent (MIBK: methyl isobutyl ketone): 16.3 parts by mass

[0232] Comparative Example 4 Comparative Example 4 differs from Example 1 in that antiglare layer coating solution 1 was changed to the following antiglare layer coating solution 11. Otherwise, an antiglare sheet of Comparative Example 4 was obtained using the same materials and method as in Example 1. The solid content of antiglare layer coating solution 11 was 35%.

[0233] <Anti-glare layer coating solution 11> Pentaerythritol triacrylate 100 parts by mass (Nippon Kayaku Co., Ltd., trade name "KAYARAD-PET-30") Organic particles 5 parts by mass (average particle size 3.9 μm, proportion of particles with a particle size of 3.7 to 4.1 μm of 90% or more, refractive index 1.556, spherical polyacrylic-styrene copolymer, Sekisui Plastics Co., Ltd.) Silica particles 12 parts by mass (average particle size 12 nm, silica having reactive functional groups introduced on the surface, containing MIBK as a solvent, solid content 40%, Nissan Chemical Industries, Ltd.) Photopolymerization initiator 3.5 parts by mass (IGM Resins B.V., trade name "Omnirad 184") Photopolymerization initiator 0.7 parts by mass (IGM Resins B.V., trade name "Omnirad 907") Photopolymerization initiator: 0.7 parts by mass (Lamberti, trade name "ESACUREONE") Silicone leveling agent: 0.1 parts by mass (Momentive Performance Materials, trade name "TSF4460") Solvent (toluene): 130.5 parts by mass Solvent (MIBK: methyl isobutyl ketone): 32.6 parts by mass

[0234] Comparative Example 5 differs from Example 1 in that antiglare layer coating solution 1 was changed to the following antiglare layer coating solution 12. Otherwise, an antiglare sheet of Comparative Example 5 was obtained using the same materials and method as in Example 1. The solid content of antiglare layer coating solution 12 was 38%.

[0235] <Anti-glare layer coating solution 12> Pentaerythritol triacrylate 100 parts by mass (Nippon Kayaku Co., Ltd., trade name "KAYARAD-PET-30") Organic particles 15 parts by mass (average particle size 2.0 μm, proportion of particles with a particle size of 1.8 to 2.2 μm of 90% or more, refractive index 1.515, spherical polyacrylic-styrene copolymer, Sekisui Plastics Co., Ltd.) Silica particles 20 parts by mass (average particle size 4.0 μm, gel-process amorphous silica, Fuji Silysia Chemical Ltd.) Photopolymerization initiator 3.3 parts by mass (IGM Resins B.V., trade name "Omnirad 184") Photopolymerization initiator 0.7 parts by mass (IGM Resins B.V., trade name "Omnirad 907") Photopolymerization initiator 0.7 parts by mass (Lamberti, trade name "ESACUREONE") Silicone leveling agent 0.1 parts by mass (Momentive Performance Materials, trade name "TSF4460") Solvent (toluene) 130.5 parts by mass Solvent (MIBK: methyl isobutyl ketone) 32.6 parts by mass

[0236] <<<2. Measurement and Evaluation>>> Measurement and evaluation were carried out on the antiglare sheets according to the examples and comparative examples as described below. The measurement environment for each measurement and evaluation was a temperature of 23°C ± 2°C and a relative humidity of 50% ± 5%. Before starting each measurement and evaluation, the target sample was placed in the above-mentioned measurement environment for 16 hours.

[0237] <<2-1. Transmission Haze>> Samples measuring 10 cm x 10 cm were cut out from the antiglare sheets according to the Examples and Comparative Examples. The samples were visually inspected for the absence of any abnormalities such as dust or scratches. The transmission haze (%) of the samples according to each Example was measured using the method described above. The transmission haze was measured using a haze meter "HM-150" manufactured by Murakami Color Research Laboratory. The measurement results of transmission haze are shown in the "Transmission Haze" column of Table 1.

[0238] <<2-2. Image clarity ratio>> Samples measuring 10 cm x 10 cm were cut out from the antiglare sheets according to the examples and comparative examples. The samples were visually inspected to ensure that they were free of any abnormalities such as dust or scratches. The first image clarity C1 and second image clarity C2 of the samples according to each example were measured using the method described above. The first image clarity C1 and second image clarity C2 were measured using an image clarity measuring instrument "ICM-1T" manufactured by Suga Test Instruments Co., Ltd.

[0239] The first image clarity C1 is the image clarity measured by a transmission method, with the angle of incidence on the second surface 12 of the antiglare sheet 10 set to 0°. The first image clarity C1 (0.125) was measured using an optical comb with a width of 0.125 mm, the first image clarity C1 (0.5) was measured using an optical comb with a width of 0.5 mm, the first image clarity C1 (1.0) was measured using an optical comb with a width of 1.0 mm, and the first image clarity C1 (2.0) was measured using an optical comb with a width of 2.0 mm. The first image clarity C1 (0.125), the first image clarity C1 (0.5), the first image clarity C1 (1.0), and the first image clarity C1 (2.0) were added together to calculate a first image clarity total value CT1.

[0240] The second image clarity C2 is the image clarity measured by a transmission method with an incident angle of 60° on the second surface 12 of the antiglare sheet 10. The second image clarity C2 (0.125) was measured using an optical comb with a width of 0.125 mm, the second image clarity C2 (0.5) was measured using an optical comb with a width of 0.5 mm, the second image clarity C2 (1.0) was measured using an optical comb with a width of 1.0 mm, and the second image clarity C2 (2.0) was measured using an optical comb with a width of 2.0 mm. The second image clarity C2 (0.125), the second image clarity C2 (0.5), the second image clarity C2 (1.0), and the second image clarity C2 (2.0) were added together to calculate a second image clarity total value CT2.

[0241] The image clarity ratio (CT2 / CT1) was calculated by dividing the second image clarity total value CT2 by the first image clarity total value CT1. The measurement results of the first image clarity total value CT1, the second image clarity total value CT2, and the image clarity ratio are shown in the columns "CT1," "CT2," and "CT2 / CT1" in Table 1, respectively.

[0242] <<2-3. Fluorescent X-ray Intensity of Si Element>> Samples measuring 10 cm x 5 cm were cut out from the antiglare sheets according to the examples and comparative examples. The samples were visually inspected for the absence of any abnormalities such as dust or scratches. The fluorescent X-ray intensity of Si element for the samples according to each example was measured using the method described above. The fluorescent X-ray intensity of Si element was measured using an energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence analyzer "EDX-800HS" manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation and the analysis software "PCEDX" provided with this analyzer. The measurement results of the fluorescent X-ray intensity of Si element are shown in the "Si Intensity" column of Table 1.

[0243] <<2-4. Contrast Ratio>> Samples measuring 10 cm x 5 cm were cut out from the antiglare sheets according to the Examples and Comparative Examples. The samples were visually inspected for the absence of any abnormalities such as dust or scratches. The contrast ratio of the samples according to each Example was measured using the method described above. A color luminance meter BM-5A manufactured by Topcon House Corporation was used to measure the bright luminance and dark luminance of the antiglare sheet and the bright luminance and dark luminance of the base material for luminance evaluation. The measurement results of the contrast ratio are shown in the "Contrast Ratio" column of Table 1.

[0244] <<2-5. Specular Gloss>> Samples measuring 10 cm x 5 cm were cut out from the antiglare sheets according to the Examples and Comparative Examples. The samples were visually inspected for the absence of dust, scratches, or other abnormalities. As described above, a non-glossy black resin plate was attached to the second surface of the sample using the air suction method. The specular gloss of each sample according to the Examples was measured using the method described above. The specular gloss was measured using a gloss meter "GM-26PRO" manufactured by Murakami Color Research Laboratory Co., Ltd. The black resin plate attached to the second surface of the sample was an accessory to the gloss meter "GM-26PRO." The incident surface was the first surface of the antiglare sheet constituting each sample. The incident angle was 60°. The measurement results for specular gloss Gs(60) are shown in the "Specular Gloss" column of Table 1.

[0245] <<2-6. Sensory Evaluation of Antiglare Properties>> Samples measuring 10 cm x 5 cm were cut out from the antiglare sheets according to the Examples and Comparative Examples. A black resin plate was adhered to the second surface of each sample to be evaluated using a transparent adhesive. The black resin plate was manufactured by Kuraray (Comoglass K, color number: 502K, thickness 2 mm). The first surface of each evaluation sample prepared by adhering the black resin plate was visually inspected for the absence of any abnormalities such as dust or scratches.

[0246] The evaluation sample was placed on a horizontal table 70 cm high with the first surface facing upward. In a bright room environment, an evaluator observed the reflection of the lighting device from an angle corresponding to the direction of specular reflection of the illumination light from the lighting device. The position of the evaluation sample relative to the lighting device was adjusted so that the angle of incidence of the illumination light emitted from the center of the lighting device on the evaluation sample was 10°. The light-emitting unit of the lighting device was an Hf32 straight-tube, three-wavelength, daylight white fluorescent lamp. The lighting device was positioned 2 m vertically above the horizontal table. The illuminance on the first surface of the evaluation sample was 500 lux to 1,000 lux. The evaluator's line of sight was approximately 160 cm from the floor. The evaluators were 20 healthy individuals in their 30s with visual acuity of 0.7 or higher.

[0247] The observation results were evaluated according to the following evaluation criteria. The evaluation results are shown in the "Antiglare Property" column of Table 1. The evaluations "AA" and "A" were of a level that would be considered passable in a normal product inspection. The evaluations "B" and "C" were of a level that would be considered poor in a normal product inspection.

[0248] <Evaluation criteria> AA: 18 or more evaluators were unable to distinguish the outline of the lighting device or its position. A: 13 to 17 evaluators were unable to distinguish the outline of the lighting device or its position. B: 12 ​​or fewer evaluators were unable to distinguish the outline of the lighting device or its position. Of the evaluators who were able to distinguish the outline of the lighting device and its position, less than half were able to clearly distinguish the outline of the lighting device. C: 12 or fewer evaluators were unable to distinguish the outline of the lighting device or its position. Of the evaluators who were able to distinguish the outline of the lighting device and its position, more than half were able to clearly distinguish the outline of the lighting device.

[0249] <<2-7. Sensory Evaluation of Contrast>> Samples measuring 10 cm x 5 cm were cut out from the antiglare sheets according to the examples and comparative examples. The samples were attached to a display element using a transparent adhesive medium in the same manner as when measuring the contrast value. Specifically, the display element was manufactured by Sony Corporation under the trade name "Xperia (registered trademark) Z5 E6653." The transparent adhesive medium was manufactured by Fujicopian Co., Ltd. under the trade name "FIXFILM HGA2." The transparent adhesive medium included a transparent adsorption layer, a 50 μm-thick transparent substrate, and a transparent adhesive layer, in this order. The adsorption layer of the transparent adhesive medium was bonded to the image-forming surface of the display element. The adhesive layer of the transparent adhesive medium was bonded to the second surface of the antiglare sheet. The first surface of the measurement sample was visually inspected for any abnormalities, such as dust or scratches.

[0250] The sample attached to the display element was placed on a horizontal stand 70 cm high with the first surface facing upward. In a bright room environment, the image displayed by the display element was confirmed through an anti-glare sheet. A lighting device was placed 2 m vertically above the horizontal stand. The light-emitting part of the lighting device was an Hf32 type straight tube three-wavelength daylight white fluorescent lamp. The illuminance on the first surface of the measurement sample was 500 lux or more and 1000 lux or less. The evaluator's line of sight was approximately 160 cm from the floor. The evaluators were 20 healthy individuals in their 30s with visual acuity of 0.7 or higher.

[0251] The observation results were evaluated according to the following evaluation criteria. The evaluation results are shown in the "Contrast" column of Table 1. The evaluations "AA" and "A" were of a level that would be considered passable in a normal product inspection. The evaluations "B" and "C" were of a level that would be considered failable in a normal product inspection.

[0252] <Evaluation criteria> AA: 18 or more evaluators did not feel any decrease in contrast due to cloudiness, etc. A: 13 to 17 evaluators did not feel any decrease in contrast due to cloudiness, etc. B: 8 to 12 evaluators did not feel any decrease in contrast due to cloudiness, etc. C: 7 or less evaluators did not feel any decrease in contrast due to cloudiness, etc.

[0253]

[0254] D1: first direction, D2: second direction, D3: third direction, 5: sheet article, 6: winding core, 7: roll, RA: winding axis, 10: antiglare sheet, 11: first surface, 11X: uneven surface, 12: second surface, 20: substrate, 30: antiglare layer, 31: first surface, 31X: uneven surface, 31A: reference portion, 31B: convex portion, 32: second surface, 36: resin, 37: particle, 40: functional layer, 46: bar Inner resin, 47: hollow silica particles, 50: second functional layer, 60: polarizing plate, 61: first protective sheet, 62: polarizer, 63: second protective sheet, 65: display device, 66: display element, 66a: image forming surface, 70: anti-glare article, 71: article to be bonded, 100: measurement sample, 101: light source, 102: slit, 103: lens, 104: lens, 105: optical comb

Claims

1. An antiglare sheet including a first surface and a second surface facing each other in a first direction, the antiglare sheet comprising an antiglare layer including a concavo-convex surface, the concavo-convex surface facing the side opposite to the second surface in the first direction, the fluorescence X-ray intensity of Si element on the first surface being 0.5 cps or more and 10.0 cps or less, the image sharpness ratio being 2.0 or more and 8.0 or less, the image sharpness ratio being the ratio of the second total image sharpness value to the first total image sharpness value, the first total image sharpness value being the total value (%) of the first image sharpness in a transmission method with an incident angle of 0° using optical combs having widths of 2.0 mm, 1.0 mm, 0.5 mm, and 0.125 mm respectively, and the second total image sharpness value being the total value (%) of the second image sharpness in a transmission method with an incident angle of 60° using optical combs having widths of 2.0 mm, 1.0 mm, 0.5 mm, and 0.125 mm respectively. Antiglare sheet.

2. The antiglare sheet according to claim 1, further comprising a functional layer including a binder resin and hollow silica particles, the antiglare layer and the functional layer being positioned in this order from the second surface toward the first surface.

3. The antiglare sheet according to claim 1, wherein the transmission haze is 20% or more and 75% or less.

4. The antiglare sheet according to claim 1, wherein the first total image sharpness value is 10% or more and 80% or less.

5. The antiglare sheet according to claim 1, wherein the second total image sharpness value is 20% or more and 200% or less.

6. The antiglare sheet according to claim 1, wherein the specular glossiness Gs(60) on the first surface with an incident angle of 60° is 50 or less.

7. The antiglare sheet according to claim 1, wherein the contrast ratio is 45% or more.

8. A sheet article comprising a plurality of the antiglare sheets according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

9. The sheet article according to claim 8, which is wound around a winding axis.

10. A polarizing plate comprising the antiglare sheet according to any one of claims 1 to 7 and a polarizer laminated on the antiglare sheet.

11. A display device comprising the antiglare sheet according to any one of claims 1 to 7 and a display element laminated on the antiglare sheet.

12. A panel comprising an article to be joined and the antiglare sheet according to any one of claims 1 to 7 joined to the article to be joined.

13. An antiglare sheet including a first surface and a second surface facing each other in a first direction, the antiglare sheet comprising an antiglare layer including a concavo-convex surface, the concavo-convex surface facing the side opposite to the second surface in the first direction, the method for selecting an antiglare sheet comprising: measuring the fluorescence X-ray intensity of Si element and the image sharpness ratio on the first surface; and selecting an antiglare sheet in which the fluorescence X-ray intensity is 0.5 cps or more and 10.0 cps or less, and the image sharpness ratio is 2.0 or more and 8.0 or less; wherein the image sharpness ratio is the ratio of the second total image sharpness value to the first total image sharpness value; the first total image sharpness value is the total value (%) of the first image sharpness in the transmission method with an incident angle of 0° using optical combs having widths of 2.0 mm, 1.0 mm, 0.5 mm, and 0.125 mm, respectively; and the second total image sharpness value is the total value (%) of the second image sharpness in the transmission method with an incident angle of 60° using optical combs having widths of 2.0 mm, 1.0 mm, 0.5 mm, and 0.125 mm, respectively.

14. A method for manufacturing an antiglare sheet including a first surface and a second surface facing each other in a first direction, the antiglare sheet comprising an antiglare layer including a concavo-convex surface, the concavo-convex surface facing the side opposite to the second surface in the first direction, the method for manufacturing an antiglare sheet comprising: manufacturing the antiglare sheet; and selecting the antiglare sheet by the selection method according to claim 13.

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