User equipment and method in a wireless communication network
An outlier detection algorithm in UE stabilizes SS-RSRP measurements by replacing anomalous values, addressing fluctuations and enhancing network performance and reliability in NR systems.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- PCT/CN2024/074398
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-01-29
- Publication Date
- 2025-08-07
AI Technical Summary
The NR system experiences significant fluctuations in SS-RSRP measurements due to lack of transmit diversity on Synchronization Signal Blocks (SSB), leading to frequent handovers, cell reselections, and radio link failures, especially in systems with limited antennas and lower frequency bands.
Implement an outlier detection algorithm in User Equipment (UE) to identify and replace anomalous SS-RSRP measurements with estimated values, enhancing measurement stability and reliability.
Stabilizes RSRP measurements, improving network performance by reducing unnecessary handovers and energy consumption, and ensuring reliable cell reselection and radio link supervision.
Smart Images

Figure CN2024074398_07082025_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
USER EQUIPMENT AND METHOD IN A WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKTECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] Embodiments herein relate to a User Equipment, a Base station and a method therein. In some aspects, they relate to handling measurement anomalies in the wireless communication network.BACKGROUND
[0002] In a typical wireless communication network, wireless devices, also known as wireless communication devices, mobile stations, stations (STA) and / or User Equipment (UE) , communicate via a Wide Area Network or a Local Area Network such as a Wi-Fi network or a cellular network comprising a Radio Access Network (RAN) part and a Core Network (CN) part. The RAN covers a geographical area which is divided into service areas or cell areas, which may also be referred to as a beam or a beam group, with each service area or cell area being served by a radio network node such as a radio access node e.g., a Wi-Fi access point, a Base Station (BS) or a radio base station (RBS) , which in some networks may also be denoted, for example, a Base Station (BS) , a NodeB, eNodeB (eNB) , or gNodeB (gNB) as denoted in Fifth Generation (5G) telecommunications. A service area or cell area is a geographical area where radio coverage is provided by the radio network node. The radio network node communicates over an air interface operating on a radio frequency with the wireless devices within the range of the radio network node.
[0003] 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) is the standardization body for specifying the standards for the cellular system evolution, e.g., including 3G, 4G, 5G and the future evolutions. Specifications for Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA) and Evolved Packet System (EPS) have been completed within the 3GPP. In 4G also called a Fourth Generation (4G) network, EPS is core network and E-UTRA is radio access network. In 5G, 5GC is core network, NR is radio access network. As a continued network evolution, the new release of 3GPP specifies a 5G network also referred to as 5G New Radio (NR) and 5G Core (5GC) .
[0004] Frequency bands for 5G NR are being separated into two different frequency ranges, Frequency Range 1 (FR1) and Frequency Range 2 (FR2) . FR1 comprises sub-6 GHz frequency bands. Some of these bands are bands traditionally used by legacy standards but have been extended to cover potential new spectrum offerings from 410 MHz to 7125 MHz. FR2 comprises frequency bands from 24.25 GHz to 52.6 GHz. Bands in this millimeter wave range have shorter range but higher available bandwidth than bands in the FR1.
[0005] Multi-antenna techniques may significantly increase the data rates and reliability of a wireless communication system. For a wireless connection between a single user, such as UE, and a base station (BS) , the performance is in particular improved if both the transmitter and the receiver are equipped with multiple antennas, which results in a Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) communication channel. This may be referred to as Single-User (SU) -MIMO. In the scenario where MIMO techniques is used for the wireless connection between multiple users and the base station, MIMO enables the users to communicate with the base station simultaneously using the same time-frequency resources by spatially separating the users, which increases further the cell capacity. This may be referred to as Multi-User (MU) -MIMO. Note that MU-MIMO may benefit when each UE only has one antenna. The cell capacity can be increased linearly with respect to the number of antennas at the BS side. Due to that, more and more antennas are employed in BS. Such systems and / or related techniques are commonly referred to as massive MIMO.
[0006] The latest NR standard introduces a change in transmit diversity (TxD) , e.g., transparent TxD or Space Frequency Block Coding (SFBC) , for common channel transmission, previously utilized in LTE. Instead, NR incorporates beam management with multiple Synchronization Signal Blocks (SSBs) to ensure reliable coverage. The SSB consists of essential components such as the Primary Synchronization Signal (PSS) , Secondary Synchronization Signal (SSS) , Physical Broadcast Channel (PBCH) , and its Demodulation Reference Signals (DMRS) .
[0007] In general, when a radio signal is transmitted over a fading channel and received by a UE, fluctuations may occur. If the UE makes cell reselection or handover decisions based on Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP) measurements that exhibit significant fluctuations, it may negatively impact user performance.
[0008] It is important to note that the issue of significant fluctuation is not limited to RSRP measurements alone. Other channels such as PDCCH / TRS / PDSCH may also experience similar fluctuations. In connected mode, UEs have the option to utilize Channel State Information-Reference Signal (CSI-RS) for RSRP measurement.SUMMARY
[0009] As a part of developing embodiments herein a problem was identified by the inventors and will first be discussed.
[0010] As mentioned above, when a radio signal is transmitted over a fading channel, fluctuations may occur. The NR system lacks transmit diversity on the Synchronization Signal Block (SSB) , resulting in highly fluctuating SS-RSRP values from the UE side. This instability leads to frequent handovers, cell reselections, and even radio link failures, particularly in systems with a limited number of antennas, e.g., 2, 4, and 8 transmissions, and at lower frequency bands such as N28, N20, N8, and so on.
[0011] Based on measurements conducted on UEs with various chipsets, it has been observed that SS-RSRP exhibits significant fluctuations, indicating that no UE has eliminated anomalous measurement samples before further processing.
[0012] In field networks, the downlink SS-RSRP experiences severe fluctuations, as illustrated in the Figure 1. These fluctuations persist in both connected and idle modes, with IDLE mode showing more pronounced instability, especially at low frequency bands.
[0013] Other channels like Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH) / Tracking Reference Signals (TRS) / Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH) may also suffer from such big fluctuation. A UE may use CSI-RS to measure RSRP in connected mode.
[0014] Currently, both UE and base station measurements lack any outlier detection algorithm.
[0015] An object of embodiments herein is to improve the performance of a wireless communications network, e.g., detecting and handle measurement sample outliers in a set of measurement samples.
[0016] According to an aspect of embodiments herein, the object is achieved by a method performed by a UE for handling a channel measurement anomaly in a wireless communication network.
[0017] The UE determine whether or not a measurement anomaly is detected in a measurement sample in a set of measurement samples. The measurement anomaly is detected based on an anomaly detection criterion.
[0018] The UE updates the set of measurement samples by substituting a measurement sample associated with the detected measurement anomaly.
[0019] According to another aspect of embodiments herein, the object is achieved by a UE configured to handle a channel measurement anomaly in a wireless communication network.
[0020] The UE is configured to determine whether or not a measurement anomaly is detected in a measurement sample in a set of measurement samples. The measurement anomaly is adapted to be detected based on an anomaly detection criterion.
[0021] The UE is configured to update the set of measurement samples by substituting a measurement sample associated with the detected measurement anomaly.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0022] Examples of embodiments herein are described in more detail with reference to attached drawings in which:
[0023] Figure 1 shows an example according to prior art.
[0024] Figure 2 is a schematic block diagram illustrating embodiments of a wireless communications network.
[0025] Figure 3 is a flowchart depicting embodiments of a method in a UE.
[0026] Figure 4 is a flowchart depicting examples of embodiments herein.
[0027] Figure 5 is a flowchart depicting examples of embodiments herein.
[0028] Figure 6 is a schematic block diagram illustrating embodiments of a UE.
[0029] Figure 7 shows an example of a communication system QQ100 in accordance with some embodiments.
[0030] Figure 8 shows a UE QQ200 in accordance with some embodiments.
[0031] Figure 9 shows a network node QQ300 in accordance with some embodiments.
[0032] Figure 10 is a block diagram of a host QQ400, which may be an embodiment of the host QQ116 of Fig. 7, in accordance with various aspects described herein.
[0033] Figure 11 is a block diagram illustrating a virtualization environment QQ500 in which functions implemented by some embodiments may be virtualized.
[0034] Figure 12 shows a communication diagram of a host QQ602 communicating via a network node QQ604 with a UE QQ606 over a partially wireless connection in accordance with some embodiments.DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0035] Embodiments herein relate to a wireless communication network and handling measurement anomalies.
[0036] During RSRP measurement, it is essential to identify outliers on the UE side. If an RSRP measurement is recognized as an outlier in terms of fluctuation, it may be replaced with a reasonable value estimated from normal samples. This substitution enables that the RSRP measurement is reliable and may be used for subsequent processing, such as Layer 3 (L3) filtering.
[0037] According to embodiments herein, an additional step comprising an outlier sample handling algorithm is used to identify and replace outlier samples with normal values, e.g., estimated from the measurements. This step may enhance the stability of RSRP measurements on the UE side, benefiting all procedures that rely on accurate RSRP measurements. By mitigating the impact of outliers through this pre-processing step, the overall reliability and effectiveness of utilizing RSRP measurements may be greatly improved.
[0038] An object of embodiments herein is to improve the performance of a wireless communications network, e.g., by detecting and handle measurement sample outliers in a set of measurement samples.
[0039] Examples of embodiments herein may e.g., bring the advantage of improving the performance of the wireless communications network. This is enabled by an improved stability of RSRP measurements and a better coverage for the common channel provided by detecting and substituting outlier measurement samples. Further, examples of embodiments herein may e.g., bring the advantage of improving terminal and network quality and performance in terms of handover, cell re-selection, radio link supervision, etc. And more stable RSRP measurements may also reduce energy consumption of UEs by removing unnecessary cell reselection actions.
[0040] Embodiments herein relate to wireless communication networks in general. Figure 2 is a schematic overview depicting a wireless communication network 100. The wireless communication network 100 comprises one or more RANs and one or more CNs. The wireless communication network 100 may use a number of different technologies, such as Wi-Fi, Long Term Evolution (LTE) , LTE-Advanced, 5G, New Radio (NR) , Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) , Global System for Mobile communications / enhanced Data rate for GSM Evolution (GSM / EDGE) , Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMax) , or Ultra Mobile Broadband (UMB) , just to mention a few possible implementations. Embodiments herein relate to recent technology trends that are of particular interest in a 5G context, however, embodiments are also applicable in further development of the existing wireless communication systems such as e.g. WCDMA and LTE.
[0041] A number of network nodes operate in the wireless communication network 100 such as e.g. a base station 110. The base station 110 provides radio coverage in a number of cells which may also be referred to as a beam or a beam group of beams.
[0042] The base station 110 may be any of a NG-RAN node, a transmission and reception point e.g. a base station, a radio access network node such as a Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) access point or an Access Point Station (AP STA) , an access controller, a base station, e.g. a radio base station such as a NodeB, an evolved Node B (eNB, eNode B) , a Next-Generation Node B (gNB, gNode B) , a base transceiver station, a radio remote unit, an Access Point Base Station, a base station router, a transmission arrangement of a radio base station, a stand-alone access point or any other network unit capable of communicating with a wireless device within the service area served by the base station 110 depending e.g. on the first radio access technology and terminology used. The base station 110 may be referred to as a serving radio network node and communicates with a wireless device with Downlink (DL) transmissions to the wireless device and Uplink (UL) transmissions from the wireless device.
[0043] In the wireless communication network 100, one or more UEs operate, such as e.g. the one or more UE 121. The UE 121 may also be referred to as a wireless device, a device, an Internet of Things (IoT) device, a mobile station, a non-access point (non-AP) STA, a STA, a user equipment and / or a wireless terminal, communicate via one or more Access Networks (AN) , e.g. RAN, to one or more core networks (CN) . It should be understood by the skilled in the art that “wireless device” is a non-limiting term which means any terminal, wireless communication terminal, user equipment, Machine Type Communication (MTC) device, Device to Device (D2D) terminal, or node e.g. smart phone, laptop, mobile phone, sensor, relay, mobile tablets or even a small base station communicating within a cell.
[0044] Methods herein may be performed by the UE 121. As an alternative, a Distributed Node (DN) and functionality, e.g. comprised in a cloud 190 as shown in Figure 2, may be used for performing or partly performing the methods herein.
[0045] The above described problem is addressed in a number of embodiments, some of which may be seen as alternatives, while some may be used in combination.
[0046] A method according to embodiments will now be described from the view of the base station 110 together with Figure 3. Figure 3 shows example embodiments of a method performed by the UE 121 for handling a channel measurement anomaly in a wireless communication network 100. Though the method is described in view of the UE 121, it is equally applicable to be performed by the base station 110. Though the following actions mentions RSRP, any other type of measurement could be used instead. Thus, RSRP may be substituted to any one of e.g., Reference Signal Received Quality (RSRQ) Channel Quality Information (CQI) , DL Signal to Interference and Noise ration (SINR) , UL SINR, received power, Interference plus Noise (IpN) , Power Headroom Report (PHR) etc. The method comprises the following actions, which may be taken in any suitable order. Actions that may be optional are presented in dashed boxes in Figure 3.
[0047] Action 301
[0048] In some embodiments, the UE 121 obtains a set of parameters related to an anomaly detection criterion. Based on the set of parameters, the UE 121 may determine anomaly detection initialization parameters. The anomaly detection initialization may indicate the number of measurement samples from the set of measurement samples used to estimate an initial average RSRP.
[0049] Action 302
[0050] In some embodiments, the UE 121 performs a channel measurement. The channel measurement comprises obtaining a set of measurement samples.
[0051] In some embodiments, upon obtaining the set of measurement samples, the radio device estimates the initial average RSRP based on a number of first measurement samples. The number of first measurement samples is indicated by the anomaly detection initialization parameters.
[0052] Action 303
[0053] The UE 121 determines whether or not a measurement anomaly is detected in a measurement sample in the set of measurement samples. The measurement anomaly is detected based on an anomaly detection criterion. This may e.g., mean that the measurement sample is evaluated against the anomaly detection criterion. In other words, the anomaly detection criterion is used to determine whether or not the sample is associated with a measurement anomaly.
[0054] In some embodiments, detecting the measurement anomaly comprises determining that the measurement sample fulfils the anomaly detection criterion. Thus, when the measurement sample fulfils the anomaly detection criterion, the UE 121 may determine that a measurement anomaly is detected.
[0055] In some embodiments, the anomaly detection criterion is related to an RSRP of the measurement sample in the set of measurement samples. The RSRP of a measurement sample may e.g., be compared against the anomaly detection criterion in order to determine whether or not a measurement anomaly is detected in association with the measurement sample.
[0056] In some embodiments, the anomaly detection criterion comprises a first threshold and a second threshold. The first threshold may e.g., be referred to as an upper threshold, the second threshold may e.g., be referred to as a lower threshold. As explained further, below, the first and second thresholds may be used for determining whether or not a measurement anomaly is detected in association with the measurement sample. Alternatively, or additionally, the first and second thresholds may be used when substituting the measurement sample when the measurement anomaly has been detected.
[0057] In some embodiments, the measurement anomaly may be detected when an RSRP of the measurement sample is above the first threshold or below the second threshold. Alternatively, the anomaly detection criterion comprises a third threshold, and the measurement anomaly may be detected when a local outlier factor of the measurement sample is above the third threshold. The first and second thresholds may e.g., be based on an average RSRP of a number measurement samples in the set of measurement samples and an RSRP tolerance value. The first threshold may e.g., be defined as the sum of the average RSRP and the RSRP tolerance value. The second threshold may e.g., be defined as value given by subtracting the RSRP tolerance value from the average RSRP. Thus, a measurement anomaly may be defined as an RSRP higher than the first threshold, or an RSRP lower than the second threshold. In other words, a measurement anomaly is detected when the RSRP of the measurement sample is higher than the first threshold or lower than the second threshold. Correspondingly, the UE 121 may determine that no measurement is detected when the RSRP of the measurement sample is lower than, or below, the first threshold and higher than, or above, the second threshold. Alternatively, the UE 121 may determine that no measurement is detected when the local outlier factor of the measurement sample is below the third threshold.
[0058] In some embodiments, when determined that a measurement anomaly is not detected, the UE 121 updates the average RSRP, e.g., based on the RSRP of the measurement sample.
[0059] Action 304
[0060] The UE 121 updates the set of measurement samples by substituting a measurement sample associated with the detected measurement anomaly. Thus, to handle the measurement anomaly, the sample associated with the detected measurement anomaly is substituted, e.g., using an estimated sample value.
[0061] In some embodiments, substituting the measurement sample comprises substituting an RSRP value of the measurement sample to an estimated RSRP value.
[0062] Therefore, updating the set of measurement samples comprises estimating the estimated RSRP value. The estimation may e.g., be based on one or more of the average RSRP, an adjustment RSRP and a substitution RSRP. The substitution RSRP may e.g., comprise an RSRP of a previous sample that is not associated with a measurement anomaly.
[0063] The estimated RSRP value may be based on whether the measurement sample is above the first threshold or below the second threshold.
[0064] E.g., if the RSRP of the measurement sample is above the first threshold the estimated RSRP value may be higher than the average RSRP. Correspondingly, the estimated RSRP value may be lower than the average RSRP if the RSRP of the measurement sample is below the second threshold. This way, estimating the estimated RSRP is takes the measured RSRP of the measurement sample into account. In other words, the estimated RSRP may be based on RSRP of the measurement sample in relation to the first threshold and / or the second threshold.
[0065] In some embodiments, updating the set of measurement samples further comprises updating the average RSRP.
[0066] Action 305
[0067] In some embodiments, the UE 121 repeats any one or more of the steps of determining, such as Action 303, and updating, such as Action 304, for each measurement sample in the set of measurement samples. In other words, the UE 121 may perform said steps for any one or more of the measurement samples in the set of measurement samples.
[0068] The above embodiments will now be further explained and exemplified below. These below embodiments may be combined with any suitable embodiment as described above.
[0069] Examples of embodiments below described RSRP measurement anomaly detection from the view of a wireless device, such as the radio device 121, for both SSB and CSI-RS based RSRP measurements. However, But the examples of embodiments below may be seen a generic approach that may be applied to other measurements regardless of whether it is in the wireless device, such as the radio device 121, or a base station, such as the base station 110, by replacing RSRP with target measured or reported object X that has fluctuations, X could be RSRQ, CQI, DL SINR, UL SINR, received power, IpN, PHR, etc.
[0070] Examples of embodiments herein is mainly described in relation to an NR RAT, they are equally applicable to other systems, including 5G evolution, LTE, 3G, 2G, and even future generations such as 6G.
[0071] Figure 4 shows an example according to embodiments herein.
[0072] S41. After performing channel measurement, the UE 121 initializes the measurement anomaly detection algorithm. This may be combined with Actions 301 and / or 302 above.
[0073] S42. The UE 121 performs outlier measurement sample detection according to the embodiments herein. This may be combined with Actions 303a and / or 303b above.
[0074] S43. The radio device performs outlier sample substitution according to embodiments herein. This may be combined with Action 304 above.
[0075] S44. The radio device may provide the updated set of measurement samples for further processing, e.g., L3 filtering.
[0076] These steps enhance the accuracy and reliability of the RSRP measurements.
[0077] An example implementation of the anomaly detection algorithm is described below, together with Figure 5.
[0078] The measured RSRP raw data, such as the set of measurement samples, is defined as rawRsrpi, i∈ [0, …∞) , where i is the ith measured RSRP sample.
[0079] S51.
[0080] The following parameters may be defined according to some examples herein: Forgetting factor: β, typical value 0. Window forgetting ratio: r, typical value 0.95 Fluctuation tolerance: rsrptolerance, typical value 20, in dB RSRP adjust step: rsrpadjustStep, typical value 1, in dB
[0081] An initialization stage length may be calculated as follows:
[0082] E.g., if r=0.95 and β=0.1, leninit will be 29, which means 29 samples to calculate the intermediate mean RSRP value for anomaly detection algorithm. This may be combined with any one or more the Action 301, Action 302, S41 described above.
[0083] S52.
[0084] The UE 121, may determine rsrpValidi based on RSRP anomaly detection, such as for the samples in the set of measurement samples.
[0085] For each sample of the measured RSRP, an outlier detection approach, to decide if this sample is valid for further processing, such as detecting the measurement anomaly. If the sample is marked as outlier sample, such as detecting the measurement anomaly, a reasonable substitution value for this sample may be used before further processing like L3 filtering, such as updating the set of measurement samples by substituting the sample associated with the detected measurement anomaly. The output of the outlier detection may be referred to as rsrpValidi.
[0086] The anomaly detection algorithm is given below as an implementation example, any other anomaly detection algorithms are not excluded.
[0087] For each RSRP raw data sample rsrpRawi:
[0088] If i=0,
[0089] Set rsrpMean=rsrpRaw0
[0090] Set rsrpValid0=rsrpRaw0
[0091] Set rsrpSubstituteInit=rsrpRaw0
[0092] Elseif (i>leninit) AND ( (rsrpRawi<rsrpMean-rsrptolerance) OR (rsrpRawi>rsrpMean+rsrptolerance) )
[0093] Note: the condition of " ( (rsrpRawi<rsrpMean-rsrptolerance) OR (rsrpRawi>rsrpMean+rsrptolerance) ) " is to decide if it is outlier, may be substituted by other approaches, e.g., the alternative Local Outlier Factor (LOF) described further down.
[0094] If (rsrpRawi<rsrpMean-rsrptolerance)
[0095] Set rsrpValidi=max (rsrpMean-rsrpadjustStep, rsrpSubstituteInit-rsrptolerance)
[0096] Else
[0097] Set rsrpValidi=min (rsrpMean+rsrpadjustStep, rsrpSubstituteInit+rsrptolerance)
[0098] End if
[0099] Note: above is to decide if it is anomaly and use a reasonable value to substitute the raw RSRP data
[0100] Else
[0101] Set rsrpValidi=rsrpRawi
[0102] Set rsrpSubstituteInit=rsrpRawi
[0103] End If
[0104] If i≠0
[0105] Set rsrpMean= (1-β) *rsrpMean+β*rsrpValidi
[0106] End If
[0107] In this step, for the tolerance, it is also fine to use filtered aσ approach to calculate rsrptolerance: rsrpVar=rsrpSquareMean-rsrpMean2
[0108] Where a and α may be predefined in S71. Experience value range of a is 3-10, experience value α is 0.1.
[0109] This may be combined with any one or more the Action 303a, Action 303b, S42, S43 described above.
[0110] S53. After above outlier detection, we get valid RSRP rsrpValidi, which may be used for further RSRP processing like L3 filtering.
[0111] Alternatively, the UE 121 may perform outlier detection, such as detecting the measurement anomaly described in any one or more of Actions 303a, 303b S52 described above, based on stored samples, e.g., the LOF algorithm, or other training methods. The outlier sample substitution is still same as in described above. The LOF algorithm is given as an example below.
[0112] The UE 121 stores N samples rsrpRawi-N+1 to rsrpRawi and decides if current sample rsrpRawi is outlier sample or not. We note rsrpRawi as point P, the whole stored sample set as Φ, whose size is N.
[0113] Pre-define k to decide how deeply we want to evaluate, k≤N, with typical value as 10.
[0114] Define the neighbor distance of P as the distance between P and its closest kth sample point: dk (P) , where the distance is the Euclidean distance, i.e., d (x, y) =|x-y|due to the dimension is 1.
[0115] Define the neighbor set of P as Nk (P) which contains the closest k samples to P.
[0116] Define the reachability distance between two samples P and Q as: reachDistk (P, Q) =max (dk (Q) , d (P, Q) )
[0117] Define local reachability density as:
[0118] The LOF of P may then be determined as:
[0119] Pre-define the LOF threshold as LOFthreshold, typical value range for LOFthreshold is e.g., [2, 10] .
[0120] If LOFk (P) >LOFthreshold, P, i.e., current sample rsrpRawi, is marked as outlier sample point, such as a detected measurement anomaly, and a reasonable value is used to substitute it, otherwise it marked as valid sample. This is performed as described above.
[0121] It may be beneficial for a base station to tell the wireless device the predefined parameters used to perform the embodiments herein. An example of an information element related to outlier detection may be defined as shown below, for example under QuantityConfigNR -> QuantityConfigRS. Note that the attribute name below is just example.
[0122] To perform the method actions above, the UE 121 configured to handle a channel measurement anomaly in the wireless communication network. The UE 121 may comprise an arrangement depicted in Figure 6. Though Figure 6 is related to the UE 121, the UE 121 may be exchanged to the base station 110. This since, as mentioned above, the embodiments herein is equally applicable to the base station 110.
[0123] The UE 121 may comprise an input and output interface 600 configured to communicate with each other. The input and output interface 600 may comprise a receiver, e.g. wired and / or wireless, (not shown) and a transmitter, e.g. wired and / or wireless, (not shown) .
[0124] The embodiments herein may be implemented through a respective processor or one or more processors, such as at least one processor 660 of a processing circuitry in the UE 121 depicted in Figure 6, together with computer program code for performing the functions and actions of the embodiments herein. The program code mentioned above may also be provided as a computer program product, for instance in the form of a data carrier carrying computer program code for performing the embodiments herein when being loaded into the UE 121. One such carrier may be in the form of a CD ROM disc. It is however feasible with other data carriers such as a memory stick. The computer program code may furthermore be provided as pure program code on a server and downloaded to the UE 121.
[0125] The UE 121 and / or processor 660 is configured to handle a channel measurement anomaly in a wireless communication network 100.
[0126] The UE 121 and / or processor 660 is configured to determines whether or not a measurement anomaly is detected in a measurement sample in the set of measurement samples. The measurement anomaly is adapted to be detected based on the anomaly detection criterion.
[0127] The UE 121 and / or processor 660 is configured to update the set of measurement samples by substituting a measurement sample associated with the detected measurement anomaly.
[0128] In some embodiments, the UE 121 and / or processor 660 may be configured to detect the measurement anomaly by further being configured to determine that the measurement sample fulfils the anomaly detection criterion.
[0129] In some embodiments, the anomaly detection criterion is adapted to be related to an RSRP of samples in the set of measurement samples.
[0130] In some embodiments, substituting the measurement sample is adapted to comprise to substitute an RSRP value of the measurement sample to a substitution RSRP value.
[0131] In some embodiments, the UE 121 and / or processor 660 may be configured to update the set of measurement samples by estimating the estimated RSRP value.
[0132] In some embodiments, the anomaly detection criterion is adapted to comprise a first threshold and a second threshold. The measurement anomaly is adapted to be detected when any one out of:
[0133] An RSRP of the measurement sample is above the first threshold or below the second threshold, or
[0134] the anomaly detection criterion is adapted to comprise a third threshold, and a local outlier factor of a measurement sample is above the third threshold.
[0135] In some embodiments, the estimated RSRP value is adapted to be based on whether the measurement sample is above the upper threshold or below the lower threshold.
[0136] In some embodiments, the UE 121 and / or processor 660 may further be configured repeat any one or more of the steps of determine and update for each measurement sample in the set of measurement samples.
[0137] The UE 121 may further comprise a memory 670 comprising one or more memory units. The memory 670 comprises instructions executable by the processor 660 in the UE 121. The memory 670 is arranged to be used to store e.g. information, indications, measurements, measurement samples, anomaly detection criterions, RSRP values, data, configurations, and applications to perform the methods herein when being executed in the UE 121.
[0138] In some embodiments, a computer program 680 comprises instructions, which when executed by the respective at least one processor 660, cause the at least one processor 660 of the UE 121 to perform the actions above.
[0139] In some embodiments, a respective carrier 690 comprises the respective computer program 680, wherein the carrier 690 is one of an electronic signal, an optical signal, an electromagnetic signal, a magnetic signal, an electric signal, a radio signal, a microwave signal, or a computer-readable storage medium.
[0140] Thus, embodiments herein may disclose the UE 121 configured to handle a channel measurement anomaly in the wireless communication network 100. The UE 121 comprises the processor 660 and the memory 670, said memory 670 comprising instructions executable by said processor 660 whereby said UE 121 is operative to perform any of the methods herein.
[0141] As will be readily understood by those familiar with communications design, that functions means or modules may be implemented using digital logic and / or one or more microcontrollers, microprocessors, or other digital hardware. In some embodiments, several or all of the various functions may be implemented together, such as in a single application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) , or in two or more separate devices with appropriate hardware and / or software interfaces between them. Several of the functions may be implemented on a processor shared with other functional components of a base station, for example.
[0142] Alternatively, several of the functional elements of the processing means discussed may be provided through the use of dedicated hardware, while others are provided with hardware for executing software, in association with the appropriate software or firmware. Thus, the term “processor” or “controller” as used herein does not exclusively refer to hardware capable of executing software and may implicitly include, without limitation, digital signal processor (DSP) hardware, read-only memory (ROM) for storing software, random-access memory for storing software and / or program or application data, and non-volatile memory. Other hardware, conventional and / or custom, may also be included. Designers of communications receivers will appreciate the cost, performance, and maintenance trade-offs inherent in these design choices.
[0143] Any appropriate steps, methods, features, functions, or benefits disclosed herein may be performed through one or more functional units or modules of one or more virtual apparatuses. Each virtual apparatus may comprise a number of these functional units. These functional units may be implemented via processing circuitry, which may include one or more microprocessor or microcontrollers, as well as other digital hardware, which may include digital signal processors (DSPs) , special-purpose digital logic, and the like. The processing circuitry may be configured to execute program code stored in memory, which may include one or several types of memory such as read-only memory (ROM) , random-access memory (RAM) , cache memory, flash memory devices, optical storage devices, etc. Program code stored in memory includes program instructions for executing one or more telecommunications and / or data communications protocols as well as instructions for carrying out one or more of the techniques described herein. In some implementations, the processing circuitry may be used to cause the respective functional unit to perform corresponding functions according one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0144] ADDITIONAL EXPLANATION
[0145] Some of the embodiments contemplated herein will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. Embodiments are provided by way of example to convey the scope of the subject matter to those skilled in the art.
[0146] Figure 7 shows an example of a communication system QQ100 in accordance with some embodiments.
[0147] In the example, the communication system QQ100 includes a telecommunication network QQ102 that includes an access network QQ104, such as a radio access network (RAN) , and a core network QQ106, which includes one or more core network nodes QQ108 (being examples of the base station 110) . The access network QQ104 includes one or more access network nodes, such as network nodes QQ110a and QQ110b (one or more of which may be generally referred to as network nodes QQ110 being examples of the base station 110) , or any other similar 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) access nodes or non-3GPP access points. Moreover, as will be appreciated by those of skill in the art, a network node is not necessarily limited to an implementation in which a radio portion and a baseband portion are supplied and integrated by a single vendor. Thus, it will be understood that network nodes include disaggregated implementations or portions thereof. For example, in some embodiments, the telecommunication network QQ102 includes one or more Open-RAN (ORAN) network nodes. An ORAN network node is a node in the telecommunication network QQ102 that supports an ORAN specification (e.g., a specification published by the O-RAN Alliance, or any similar organization) and may operate alone or together with other nodes to implement one or more functionalities of any node in the telecommunication network QQ102, including one or more network nodes QQ110 and / or core network nodes QQ108.
[0148] Examples of an ORAN network node include an open radio unit (O-RU) , an open distributed unit (O-DU) , an open central unit (O-CU) , including an O-CU control plane (O-CU-CP) or an O-CU user plane (O-CU-UP) , a RAN intelligent controller (near-real time or non-real time) hosting software or software plug-ins, such as a near-real time control application (e.g., xApp) or a non-real time control application (e.g., rApp) , or any combination thereof (the adjective “open” designating support of an ORAN specification) . The network node may support a specification by, for example, supporting an interface defined by the ORAN specification, such as an A1, F1, W1, E1, E2, X2, Xn interface, an open fronthaul user plane interface, or an open fronthaul management plane interface. Moreover, an ORAN access node may be a logical node in a physical node. Furthermore, an ORAN network node may be implemented in a virtualization environment (described further below) in which one or more network functions are virtualized. For example, the virtualization environment may include an O-Cloud computing platform orchestrated by a Service Management and Orchestration Framework via an O-2 interface defined by the O-RAN Alliance or comparable technologies. The network nodes QQ110 facilitate direct or indirect connection of user equipment (UE) , such as by connecting UEs QQ112a, QQ112b, QQ112c, and QQ112d (one or more of which may be generally referred to as UEs QQ112 being examples of the wireless device 121) to the core network QQ106 over one or more wireless connections.
[0149] Example wireless communications over a wireless connection include transmitting and / or receiving wireless signals using electromagnetic waves, radio waves, infrared waves, and / or other types of signals suitable for conveying information without the use of wires, cables, or other material conductors. Moreover, in different embodiments, the communication system QQ100 may include any number of wired or wireless networks, network nodes, UEs, and / or any other components or systems that may facilitate or participate in the communication of data and / or signals whether via wired or wireless connections. The communication system QQ100 may include and / or interface with any type of communication, telecommunication, data, cellular, radio network, and / or other similar type of system.
[0150] The UEs QQ112 may be any of a wide variety of communication devices, including wireless devices arranged, configured, and / or operable to communicate wirelessly with the network nodes QQ110 and other communication devices. Similarly, the network nodes QQ110 are arranged, capable, configured, and / or operable to communicate directly or indirectly with the UEs QQ112 and / or with other network nodes or equipment in the telecommunication network QQ102 to enable and / or provide network access, such as wireless network access, and / or to perform other functions, such as administration in the telecommunication network QQ102.
[0151] In the depicted example, the core network QQ106 connects the network nodes QQ110 to one or more hosts, such as host QQ116. These connections may be direct or indirect via one or more intermediary networks or devices. In other examples, network nodes may be directly coupled to hosts. The core network QQ106 includes one more core network nodes (e.g., core network node QQ108) that are structured with hardware and software components. Features of these components may be substantially similar to those described with respect to the UEs, network nodes, and / or hosts, such that the descriptions thereof are generally applicable to the corresponding components of the core network node QQ108. Example core network nodes include functions of one or more of a Mobile Switching Center (MSC) , Mobility Management Entity (MME) , Home Subscriber Server (HSS) , Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF) , Session Management Function (SMF) , Authentication Server Function (AUSF) , Subscription Identifier De-concealing function (SIDF) , Unified Data Management (UDM) , Security Edge Protection Proxy (SEPP) , Network Exposure Function (NEF) , and / or a User Plane Function (UPF) .
[0152] The host QQ116 may be under the ownership or control of a service provider other than an operator or provider of the access network QQ104 and / or the telecommunication network QQ102, and may be operated by the service provider or on behalf of the service provider. The host QQ116 may host a variety of applications to provide one or more service. Examples of such applications include live and pre-recorded audio / video content, data collection services such as retrieving and compiling data on various ambient conditions detected by a plurality of UEs, analytics functionality, social media, functions for controlling or otherwise interacting with remote devices, functions for an alarm and surveillance center, or any other such function performed by a server.
[0153] As a whole, the communication system QQ100 of Figure 7 enables connectivity between the UEs, network nodes, and hosts. In that sense, the communication system may be configured to operate according to predefined rules or procedures, such as specific standards that include, but are not limited to: Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) ; Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) ; Long Term Evolution (LTE) , and / or other suitable 2G, 3G, 4G, 5G standards, or any applicable future generation standard (e.g., 6G) ; wireless local area network (WLAN) standards, such as the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11 standards (WiFi) ; and / or any other appropriate wireless communication standard, such as the Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMax) , Bluetooth, Z-Wave, Near Field Communication (NFC) ZigBee, LiFi, and / or any low-power wide-area network (LPWAN) standards such as LoRa and Sigfox.
[0154] In some examples, the telecommunication network QQ102 is a cellular network that implements 3GPP standardized features. Accordingly, the telecommunications network QQ102 may support network slicing to provide different logical networks to different devices that are connected to the telecommunication network QQ102. For example, the telecommunications network QQ102 may provide Ultra Reliable Low Latency Communication (URLLC) services to some UEs, while providing Enhanced Mobile Broadband (eMBB) services to other UEs, and / or Massive Machine Type Communication (mMTC) / Massive IoT services to yet further UEs.
[0155] In some examples, the UEs QQ112 are configured to transmit and / or receive information without direct human interaction. For instance, a UE may be designed to transmit information to the access network QQ104 on a predetermined schedule, when triggered by an internal or external event, or in response to requests from the access network QQ104. Additionally, a UE may be configured for operating in single-or multi-RAT or multi-standard mode. For example, a UE may operate with any one or combination of Wi-Fi, NR (New Radio) and LTE, i.e. being configured for multi-radio dual connectivity (MR-DC) , such as E-UTRAN (Evolved-UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access Network) New Radio –Dual Connectivity (EN-DC) .
[0156] In the example, the hub QQ114 communicates with the access network QQ104 to facilitate indirect communication between one or more UEs (e.g., UE QQ112c and / or QQ112d) and network nodes (e.g., network node QQ110b) . In some examples, the hub QQ114 may be a controller, router, content source and analytics, or any of the other communication devices described herein regarding UEs. For example, the hub QQ114 may be a broadband router enabling access to the core network QQ106 for the UEs. As another example, the hub QQ114 may be a controller that sends commands or instructions to one or more actuators in the UEs. Commands or instructions may be received from the UEs, network nodes QQ110, or by executable code, script, process, or other instructions in the hub QQ114. As another example, the hub QQ114 may be a data collector that acts as temporary storage for UE data and, in some embodiments, may perform analysis or other processing of the data. As another example, the hub QQ114 may be a content source. For example, for a UE that is a VR headset, display, loudspeaker or other media delivery device, the hub QQ114 may retrieve VR assets, video, audio, or other media or data related to sensory information via a network node, which the hub QQ114 then provides to the UE either directly, after performing local processing, and / or after adding additional local content. In still another example, the hub QQ114 acts as a proxy server or orchestrator for the UEs, in particular if one or more of the UEs are low energy IoT devices.
[0157] The hub QQ114 may have a constant / persistent or intermittent connection to the network node QQ110b. The hub QQ114 may also allow for a different communication scheme and / or schedule between the hub QQ114 and UEs (e.g., UE QQ112c and / or QQ112d) , and between the hub QQ114 and the core network QQ106. In other examples, the hub QQ114 is connected to the core network QQ106 and / or one or more UEs via a wired connection. Moreover, the hub QQ114 may be configured to connect to an M2M service provider over the access network QQ104 and / or to another UE over a direct connection. In some scenarios, UEs may establish a wireless connection with the network nodes QQ110 while still connected via the hub QQ114 via a wired or wireless con nection. In some embodiments, the hub QQ114 may be a dedicated hub –that is, a hub whose primary function is to route communications to / from the UEs from / to the network node QQ110b. In other embodiments, the hub QQ114 may be a non-dedicated hub –that is, a device which is capable of operating to route communications between the UEs and network node QQ110b, but which is additionally capable of operating as a communication start and / or end point for certain data channels.
[0158] Figure 8 shows a UE QQ200 in accordance with some embodiments. As used herein, a UE refers to a device capable, configured, arranged and / or operable to communicate wirelessly with network nodes and / or other UEs. Examples of a UE include, but are not limited to, a smart phone, mobile phone, cell phone, voice over IP (VoIP) phone, wireless local loop phone, desktop computer, personal digital assistant (PDA) , wireless cameras, gaming console or device, music storage device, playback appliance, wearable terminal device, wireless endpoint, mobile station, tablet, laptop, laptop-embedded equipment (LEE) , laptop-mounted equipment (LME) , smart device, wireless customer-premise equipment (CPE) , vehicle, vehicle-mounted or vehicle embedded / integrated wireless device, etc. Other examples include any UE identified by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) , including a narrow band internet of things (NB-IoT) UE, a machine type communication (MTC) UE, and / or an enhanced MTC (eMTC) UE.
[0159] A UE may support device-to-device (D2D) communication, for example by implementing a 3GPP standard for sidelink communication, Dedicated Short-Range Communication (DSRC) , vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) , vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) , or vehicle-to-everything (V2X) . In other examples, a UE may not necessarily have a user in the sense of a human user who owns and / or operates the relevant device. Instead, a UE may represent a device that is intended for sale to, or operation by, a human user but which may not, or which may not initially, be associated with a specific human user (e.g., a smart sprinkler controller) . Alternatively, a UE may represent a device that is not intended for sale to, or operation by, an end user but which may be associated with or operated for the benefit of a user (e.g., a smart power meter) .
[0160] The UE QQ200 includes processing circuitry QQ202 that is operatively coupled via a bus QQ204 to an input / output interface QQ206, a power source QQ208, a memory QQ210, a communication interface QQ212, and / or any other component, or any combination thereof. Certain UEs may utilize all or a subset of the components shown in Figure QQ2. The level of integration between the components may vary from one UE to another UE. Further, certain UEs may contain multiple instances of a component, such as multiple processors, memories, transceivers, transmitters, receivers, etc.
[0161] The processing circuitry QQ202 is configured to process instructions and data and may be configured to implement any sequential state machine operative to execute instructions stored as machine-readable computer programs in the memory QQ210. The processing circuitry QQ202 may be implemented as one or more hardware-implemented state machines (e.g., in discrete logic, field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) , application specific integrated circuits (ASICs) , etc. ) ; programmable logic together with appropriate firmware; one or more stored computer programs, general-purpose processors, such as a microprocessor or digital signal processor (DSP) , together with appropriate software; or any combination of the above. For example, the processing circuitry QQ202 may include multiple central processing units (CPUs) .
[0162] In the example, the input / output interface QQ206 may be configured to provide an interface or interfaces to an input device, output device, or one or more input and / or output devices. Examples of an output device include a speaker, a sound card, a video card, a display, a monitor, a printer, an actuator, an emitter, a smartcard, another output device, or any combination thereof. An input device may allow a user to capture information into the UE QQ200. Examples of an input device include a touch-sensitive or presence-sensitive display, a camera (e.g., a digital camera, a digital video camera, a web camera, etc. ) , a microphone, a sensor, a mouse, a trackball, a directional pad, a trackpad, a scroll wheel, a smartcard, and the like. The presence-sensitive display may include a capacitive or resistive touch sensor to sense input from a user. A sensor may be, for instance, an accelerometer, a gyroscope, a tilt sensor, a force sensor, a magnetometer, an optical sensor, a proximity sensor, a biometric sensor, etc., or any combination thereof. An output device may use the same type of interface port as an input device. For example, a Universal Serial Bus (USB) port may be used to provide an input device and an output device.
[0163] In some embodiments, the power source QQ208 is structured as a battery or battery pack. Other types of power sources, such as an external power source (e.g., an electricity outlet) , photovoltaic device, or power cell, may be used. The power source QQ208 may further include power circuitry for delivering power from the power source QQ208 itself, and / or an external power source, to the various parts of the UE QQ200 via input circuitry or an interface such as an electrical power cable. Delivering power may be, for example, for charging of the power source QQ208. Power circuitry may perform any formatting, converting, or other modification to the power from the power source QQ208 to make the power suitable for the respective components of the UE QQ200 to which power is supplied.
[0164] The memory QQ210 may be or be configured to include memory such as random access memory (RAM) , read-only memory (ROM) , programmable read-only memory (PROM) , erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM) , electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM) , magnetic disks, optical disks, hard disks, removable cartridges, flash drives, and so forth. In one example, the memory QQ210 includes one or more application programs QQ214, such as an operating system, web browser application, a widget, gadget engine, or other application, and corresponding data QQ216. The memory QQ210 may store, for use by the UE QQ200, any of a variety of various operating systems or combinations of operating systems.
[0165] The memory QQ210 may be configured to include a number of physical drive units, such as redundant array of independent disks (RAID) , flash memory, USB flash drive, external hard disk drive, thumb drive, pen drive, key drive, high-density digital versatile disc (HD-DVD) optical disc drive, internal hard disk drive, Blu-Ray optical disc drive, holographic digital data storage (HDDS) optical disc drive, external mini-dual in-line memory module (DIMM) , synchronous dynamic random access memory (SDRAM) , external micro-DIMM SDRAM, smartcard memory such as tamper resistant module in the form of a universal integrated circuit card (UICC) including one or more subscriber identity modules (SIMs) , such as a USIM and / or ISIM, other memory, or any combination thereof. The UICC may for example be an embedded UICC (eUICC) , integrated UICC (iUICC) or a removable UICC commonly known as ‘SIM card. ’ The memory QQ210 may allow the UE QQ200 to access instructions, application programs and the like, stored on transitory or non-transitory memory media, to off-load data, or to upload data. An article of manufacture, such as one utilizing a communication system may be tangibly embodied as or in the memory QQ210, which may be or comprise a device-readable storage medium.
[0166] The processing circuitry QQ202 may be configured to communicate with an access network or other network using the communication interface QQ212. The communication interface QQ212 may comprise one or more communication subsystems and may include or be communicatively coupled to an antenna QQ222. The communication interface QQ212 may include one or more transceivers used to communicate, such as by communicating with one or more remote transceivers of another device capable of wireless communication (e.g., another UE or a network node in an access network) . Each transceiver may include a transmitter QQ218 and / or a receiver QQ220 appropriate to provide network communications (e.g., optical, electrical, frequency allocations, and so forth) . Moreover, the transmitter QQ218 and receiver QQ220 may be coupled to one or more antennas (e.g., antenna QQ222) and may share circuit components, software or firmware, or alternatively be implemented separately.
[0167] In the illustrated embodiment, communication functions of the communication interface QQ212 may include cellular communication, Wi-Fi communication, LPWAN communication, data communication, voice communication, multimedia communication, short-range communications such as Bluetooth, near-field communication, location-based communication such as the use of the global positioning system (GPS) to determine a location, another like communication function, or any combination thereof. Communications may be implemented in according to one or more communication protocols and / or standards, such as IEEE 802.11, Code Division Multiplexing Access (CDMA) , Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) , GSM, LTE, New Radio (NR) , UMTS, WiMax, Ethernet, transmission control protocol / internet protocol (TCP / IP) , synchronous optical networking (SONET) , Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) , QUIC, Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) , and so forth.
[0168] Regardless of the type of sensor, a UE may provide an output of data captured by its sensors, through its communication interface QQ212, via a wireless connection to a network node. Data captured by sensors of a UE can be communicated through a wireless connection to a network node via another UE. The output may be periodic (e.g., once every 15 minutes if it reports the sensed temperature) , random (e.g., to even out the load from reporting from several sensors) , in response to a triggering event (e.g., when moisture is detected an alert is sent) , in response to a request (e.g., a user initiated request) , or a continuous stream (e.g., a live video feed of a patient) .
[0169] As another example, a UE comprises an actuator, a motor, or a switch, related to a communication interface configured to receive wireless input from a network node via a wireless connection. In response to the received wireless input the states of the actuator, the motor, or the switch may change. For example, the UE may comprise a motor that adjusts the control surfaces or rotors of a drone in flight according to the received input or to a robotic arm performing a medical procedure according to the received input.
[0170] A UE, when in the form of an Internet of Things (IoT) device, may be a device for use in one or more application domains, these domains comprising, but not limited to, city wearable technology, extended industrial application and healthcare. Non-limiting examples of such an IoT device are a device which is or which is embedded in: a connected refrigerator or freezer, a TV, a connected lighting device, an electricity meter, a robot vacuum cleaner, a voice controlled smart speaker, a home security camera, a motion detector, a thermostat, a smoke detector, a door / window sensor, a flood / moisture sensor, an electrical door lock, a connected doorbell, an air conditioning system like a heat pump, an autonomous vehicle, a surveillance system, a weather monitoring device, a vehicle parking monitoring device, an electric vehicle charging station, a smart watch, a fitness tracker, a head-mounted display for Augmented Reality (AR) or Virtual Reality (VR) , a wearable for tactile augmentation or sensory enhancement, a water sprinkler, an animal-or item-tracking device, a sensor for monitoring a plant or animal, an industrial robot, an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) , and any kind of medical device, like a heart rate monitor or a remote controlled surgical robot. A UE in the form of an IoT device comprises circuitry and / or software in dependence of the intended application of the IoT device in addition to other components as described in relation to the UE QQ200 shown in Figure QQ2.
[0171] As yet another specific example, in an IoT scenario, a UE may represent a machine or other device that performs monitoring and / or measurements, and transmits the results of such monitoring and / or measurements to another UE and / or a network node. The UE may in this case be an M2M device, which may in a 3GPP context be referred to as an MTC device. As one particular example, the UE may implement the 3GPP NB-IoT standard. In other scenarios, a UE may represent a vehicle, such as a car, a bus, a truck, a ship and an airplane, or other equipment that is capable of monitoring and / or reporting on its operational status or other functions associated with its operation.
[0172] In practice, any number of UEs may be used together with respect to a single use case. For example, a first UE might be or be integrated in a drone and provide the drone’s speed information (obtained through a speed sensor) to a second UE that is a remote controller operating the drone. When the user makes changes from the remote controller, the first UE may adjust the throttle on the drone (e.g. by controlling an actuator) to increase or decrease the drone’s speed. The first and / or the second UE can also include more than one of the functionalities described above. For example, a UE might comprise the sensor and the actuator, and handle communication of data for both the speed sensor and the actuators.
[0173] Figure 9 shows a network node QQ300 in accordance with some embodiments. As used herein, network node refers to equipment capable, configured, arranged and / or operable to communicate directly or indirectly with a UE and / or with other network nodes or equipment, in a telecommunication network. Examples of network nodes include, but are not limited to, access points (APs) (e.g., radio access points) , base stations (BSs) (e.g., radio base stations, Node Bs, evolved Node Bs (eNBs) and NR NodeBs (gNBs) ) , O-RAN nodes or components of an O-RAN node (e.g., O-RU, O-DU, O-CU) .
[0174] Base stations may be categorized based on the amount of coverage they provide (or, stated differently, their transmit power level) and so, depending on the provided amount of coverage, may be referred to as femto base stations, pico base stations, micro base stations, or macro base stations. A base station may be a relay node or a relay donor node controlling a relay. A network node may also include one or more (or all) parts of a distributed radio base station such as centralized digital units, distributed units (e.g., in an O-RAN access node) and / or remote radio units (RRUs) , sometimes referred to as Remote Radio Heads (RRHs) . Such remote radio units may or may not be integrated with an antenna as an antenna integrated radio. Parts of a distributed radio base station may also be referred to as nodes in a distributed antenna system (DAS) .
[0175] Other examples of network nodes include multiple transmission point (multi-TRP) 5G access nodes, multi-standard radio (MSR) equipment such as MSR BSs, network controllers such as radio network controllers (RNCs) or base station controllers (BSCs) , base transceiver stations (BTSs) , transmission points, transmission nodes, multi-cell / multicast coordination entities (MCEs) , Operation and Maintenance (O&M) nodes, Operations Support System (OSS) nodes, Self-Organizing Network (SON) nodes, positioning nodes (e.g., Evolved Serving Mobile Location Centers (E-SMLCs) ) , and / or Minimization of Drive Tests (MDTs) .
[0176] The network node QQ300 includes a processing circuitry QQ302, a memory QQ304, a communication interface QQ306, and a power source QQ308. The network node QQ300 may be composed of multiple physically separate components (e.g., a NodeB component and a RNC component, or a BTS component and a BSC component, etc. ) , which may each have their own respective components. In certain scenarios in which the network node QQ300 comprises multiple separate components (e.g., BTS and BSC components) , one or more of the separate components may be shared among several network nodes. For example, a single RNC may control multiple NodeBs. In such a scenario, each unique NodeB and RNC pair, may in some instances be considered a single separate network node. In some embodiments, the network node QQ300 may be configured to support multiple radio access technologies (RATs) . In such embodiments, some components may be duplicated (e.g., separate memory QQ304 for different RATs) and some components may be reused (e.g., a same antenna QQ310 may be shared by different RATs) . The network node QQ300 may also include multiple sets of the various illustrated components for different wireless technologies integrated into network node QQ300, for example GSM, WCDMA, LTE, NR, WiFi, Zigbee, Z-wave, LoRaWAN, Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) or Bluetooth wireless technologies. These wireless technologies may be integrated into the same or different chip or set of chips and other components within network node QQ300.
[0177] The processing circuitry QQ302 may comprise a combination of one or more of a microprocessor, controller, microcontroller, central processing unit, digital signal processor, application-specific integrated circuit, field programmable gate array, or any other suitable computing device, resource, or combination of hardware, software and / or encoded logic operable to provide, either alone or in conjunction with other network node QQ300 components, such as the memory QQ304, to provide network node QQ300 functionality.
[0178] In some embodiments, the processing circuitry QQ302 includes a system on a chip (SOC) . In some embodiments, the processing circuitry QQ302 includes one or more of radio frequency (RF) transceiver circuitry QQ312 and baseband processing circuitry QQ314. In some embodiments, the radio frequency (RF) transceiver circuitry QQ312 and the baseband processing circuitry QQ314 may be on separate chips (or sets of chips) , boards, or units, such as radio units and digital units. In alternative embodiments, part or all of RF transceiver circuitry QQ312 and baseband processing circuitry QQ314 may be on the same chip or set of chips, boards, or units.
[0179] The memory QQ304 may comprise any form of volatile or non-volatile computer-readable memory including, without limitation, persistent storage, solid-state memory, remotely mounted memory, magnetic media, optical media, random access memory (RAM) , read-only memory (ROM) , mass storage media (for example, a hard disk) , removable storage media (for example, a flash drive, a Compact Disk (CD) or a Digital Video Disk (DVD) ) , and / or any other volatile or non-volatile, non-transitory device-readable and / or computer-executable memory devices that store information, data, and / or instructions that may be used by the processing circuitry QQ302. The memory QQ304 may store any suitable instructions, data, or information, including a computer program, software, an application including one or more of logic, rules, code, tables, and / or other instructions capable of being executed by the processing circuitry QQ302 and utilized by the network node QQ300. The memory QQ304 may be used to store any calculations made by the processing circuitry QQ302 and / or any data received via the communication interface QQ306. In some embodiments, the processing circuitry QQ302 and memory QQ304 is integrated.
[0180] The communication interface QQ306 is used in wired or wireless communication of signaling and / or data between a network node, access network, and / or UE. As illustrated, the communication interface QQ306 comprises port (s) / terminal (s) QQ316 to send and receive data, for example to and from a network over a wired connection. The communication interface QQ306 also includes radio front-end circuitry QQ318 that may be coupled to, or in certain embodiments a part of, the antenna QQ310. Radio front-end circuitry QQ318 comprises filters QQ320 and amplifiers QQ322. The radio front-end circuitry QQ318 may be connected to an antenna QQ310 and processing circuitry QQ302. The radio front-end circuitry may be configured to condition signals communicated between antenna QQ310 and processing circuitry QQ302. The radio front-end circuitry QQ318 may receive digital data that is to be sent out to other network nodes or UEs via a wireless connection. The radio front-end circuitry QQ318 may convert the digital data into a radio signal having the appropriate channel and bandwidth parameters using a combination of filters QQ320 and / or amplifiers QQ322. The radio signal may then be transmitted via the antenna QQ310. Similarly, when receiving data, the antenna QQ310 may collect radio signals which are then converted into digital data by the radio front-end circuitry QQ318. The digital data may be passed to the processing circuitry QQ302. In other embodiments, the communication interface may comprise different components and / or different combinations of components.
[0181] In certain alternative embodiments, the network node QQ300 does not include separate radio front-end circuitry QQ318, instead, the processing circuitry QQ302 includes radio front-end circuitry and is connected to the antenna QQ310. Similarly, in some embodiments, all or some of the RF transceiver circuitry QQ312 is part of the communication interface QQ306. In still other embodiments, the communication interface QQ306 includes one or more ports or terminals QQ316, the radio front-end circuitry QQ318, and the RF transceiver circuitry QQ312, as part of a radio unit (not shown) , and the communication interface QQ306 communicates with the baseband processing circuitry QQ314, which is part of a digital unit (not shown) .
[0182] The antenna QQ310 may include one or more antennas, or antenna arrays, configured to send and / or receive wireless signals. The antenna QQ310 may be coupled to the radio front-end circuitry QQ318 and may be any type of antenna capable of transmitting and receiving data and / or signals wirelessly. In certain embodiments, the antenna QQ310 is separate from the network node QQ300 and connectable to the network node QQ300 through an interface or port.
[0183] The antenna QQ310, communication interface QQ306, and / or the processing circuitry QQ302 may be configured to perform any receiving operations and / or certain obtaining operations described herein as being performed by the network node. Any information, data and / or signals may be received from a UE, another network node and / or any other network equipment. Similarly, the antenna QQ310, the communication interface QQ306, and / or the processing circuitry QQ302 may be configured to perform any transmitting operations described herein as being performed by the network node. Any information, data and / or signals may be transmitted to a UE, another network node and / or any other network equipment.
[0184] The power source QQ308 provides power to the various components of network node QQ300 in a form suitable for the respective components (e.g., at a voltage and current level needed for each respective component) . The power source QQ308 may further comprise, or be coupled to, power management circuitry to supply the components of the network node QQ300 with power for performing the functionality described herein. For example, the network node QQ300 may be connectable to an external power source (e.g., the power grid, an electricity outlet) via an input circuitry or interface such as an electrical cable, whereby the external power source supplies power to power circuitry of the power source QQ308. As a further example, the power source QQ308 may comprise a source of power in the form of a battery or battery pack which is connected to, or integrated in, power circuitry. The battery may provide backup power should the external power source fail.
[0185] Embodiments of the network node QQ300 may include additional components beyond those shown in Figure 9 for providing certain aspects of the network node’s functionality, including any of the functionality described herein and / or any functionality necessary to support the subject matter described herein. For example, the network node QQ300 may include user interface equipment to allow input of information into the network node QQ300 and to allow output of information from the network node QQ300. This may allow a user to perform diagnostic, maintenance, repair, and other administrative functions for the network node QQ300.
[0186] Figure 10 is a block diagram of a host QQ400, which may be an embodiment of the host QQ116 of Figure QQ1, in accordance with various aspects described herein. As used herein, the host QQ400 may be or comprise various combinations hardware and / or software, including a standalone server, a blade server, a cloud-implemented server, a distributed server, a virtual machine, container, or processing resources in a server farm. The host QQ400 may provide one or more services to one or more UEs.
[0187] The host QQ400 includes processing circuitry QQ402 that is operatively coupled via a bus QQ404 to an input / output interface QQ406, a network interface QQ408, a power source QQ410, and a memory QQ412. Other components may be included in other embodiments. Features of these components may be substantially similar to those described with respect to the devices of previous figures, such as Figures 14 and QQ3, such that the descriptions thereof are generally applicable to the corresponding components of host QQ400.
[0188] The memory QQ412 may include one or more computer programs including one or more host application programs QQ414 and data QQ416, which may include user data, e.g., data generated by a UE for the host QQ400 or data generated by the host QQ400 for a UE. Embodiments of the host QQ400 may utilize only a subset or all of the components shown. The host application programs QQ414 may be implemented in a container-based architecture and may provide support for video codecs (e.g., Versatile Video Coding (VVC) , High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) , Advanced Video Coding (AVC) , MPEG, VP9) and audio codecs (e.g., FLAC, Advanced Audio Coding (AAC) , MPEG, G. 711) , including transcoding for multiple different classes, types, or implementations of UEs (e.g., handsets, desktop computers, wearable display systems, heads-up display systems) . The host application programs QQ414 may also provide for user authentication and licensing checks and may periodically report health, routes, and content availability to a central node, such as a device in or on the edge of a core network. Accordingly, the host QQ400 may select and / or indicate a different host for over-the-top services for a UE. The host application programs QQ414 may support various protocols, such as the HTTP Live Streaming (HLS) protocol, Real-Time Messaging Protocol (RTMP) , Real-Time Streaming Protocol (RTSP) , Dynamic Adaptive Streaming over HTTP (MPEG-DASH) , etc.
[0189] Figure 11 is a block diagram illustrating a virtualization environment QQ500 in which functions implemented by some embodiments may be virtualized. In the present context, virtualizing means creating virtual versions of apparatuses or devices which may include virtualizing hardware platforms, storage devices and networking resources. As used herein, virtualization can be applied to any device described herein, or components thereof, and relates to an implementation in which at least a portion of the functionality is implemented as one or more virtual components. Some or all of the functions described herein may be implemented as virtual components executed by one or more virtual machines (VMs) implemented in one or more virtual environments QQ500 hosted by one or more of hardware nodes, such as a hardware computing device that operates as a network node, UE, core network node, or host. Further, in embodiments in which the virtual node does not require radio connectivity (e.g., a core network node or host) , then the node may be entirely virtualized. In some embodiments, the virtualization environment QQ500 includes components defined by the O-RAN Alliance, such as an O-Cloud environment orchestrated by a Service Management and Orchestration Framework via an O-2 interface.
[0190] Applications QQ502 (which may alternatively be called software instances, virtual appliances, network functions, virtual nodes, virtual network functions, etc. ) are run in the virtualization environment Q400 to implement some of the features, functions, and / or benefits of some of the embodiments disclosed herein.
[0191] Hardware QQ504 includes processing circuitry, memory that stores software and / or instructions executable by hardware processing circuitry, and / or other hardware devices as described herein, such as a network interface, input / output interface, and so forth. Software may be executed by the processing circuitry to instantiate one or more virtualization layers QQ506 (also referred to as hypervisors or virtual machine monitors (VMMs) ) , provide VMs QQ508a and QQ508b (one or more of which may be generally referred to as VMs QQ508) , and / or perform any of the functions, features and / or benefits described in relation with some embodiments described herein. The virtualization layer QQ506 may present a virtual operating platform that appears like networking hardware to the VMs QQ508.
[0192] The VMs QQ508 comprise virtual processing, virtual memory, virtual networking or interface and virtual storage, and may be run by a corresponding virtualization layer QQ506. Different embodiments of the instance of a virtual appliance QQ502 may be implemented on one or more of VMs QQ508, and the implementations may be made in different ways. Virtualization of the hardware is in some contexts referred to as network function virtualization (NFV) . NFV may be used to consolidate many network equipment types onto industry standard high volume server hardware, physical switches, and physical storage, which can be located in data centers, and customer premise equipment.
[0193] In the context of NFV, a VM QQ508 may be a software implementation of a physical machine that runs programs as if they were executing on a physical, non-virtualized machine. Each of the VMs QQ508, and that part of hardware QQ504 that executes that VM, be it hardware dedicated to that VM and / or hardware shared by that VM with others of the VMs, forms separate virtual network elements. Still in the context of NFV, a virtual network function is responsible for handling specific network functions that run in one or more VMs QQ508 on top of the hardware QQ504 and corresponds to the application QQ502.
[0194] Hardware QQ504 may be implemented in a standalone network node with generic or specific components. Hardware QQ504 may implement some functions via virtualization. Alternatively, hardware QQ504 may be part of a larger cluster of hardware (e.g. such as in a data center or CPE) where many hardware nodes work together and are managed via management and orchestration QQ510, which, among others, oversees lifecycle management of applications QQ502. In some embodiments, hardware QQ504 is coupled to one or more radio units that each include one or more transmitters and one or more receivers that may be coupled to one or more antennas. Radio units may communicate directly with other hardware nodes via one or more appropriate network interfaces and may be used in combination with the virtual components to provide a virtual node with radio capabilities, such as a radio access node or a base station. In some embodiments, some signaling can be provided with the use of a control system QQ512 which may alternatively be used for communication between hardware nodes and radio units.
[0195] Figure 12 shows a communication diagram of a host QQ602 communicating via a network node QQ604 with a UE QQ606 over a partially wireless connection in accordance with some embodiments. Example implementations, in accordance with various embodiments, of the UE (such as a UE QQ112a of Figure 7 and / or UE QQ200 of Figure QQ2) , network node (such as network node QQ110a of Figure 7 and / or network node QQ300 of Figure QQ3) , and host (such as host QQ116 of Figure 7 and / or host QQ400 of Figure QQ4) discussed in the preceding paragraphs will now be described with reference to Figure QQ6.
[0196] Like host QQ400, embodiments of host QQ602 include hardware, such as a communication interface, processing circuitry, and memory. The host QQ602 also includes software, which is stored in or accessible by the host QQ602 and executable by the processing circuitry. The software includes a host application that may be operable to provide a service to a remote user, such as the UE QQ606 connecting via an over-the-top (OTT) connection QQ650 extending between the UE QQ606 and host QQ602. In providing the service to the remote user, a host application may provide user data which is transmitted using the OTT connection QQ650.
[0197] The network node QQ604 includes hardware enabling it to communicate with the host QQ602 and UE QQ606. The connection QQ660 may be direct or pass through a core network (like core network QQ106 of Figure QQ1) and / or one or more other intermediate networks, such as one or more public, private, or hosted networks. For example, an intermediate network may be a backbone network or the Internet.
[0198] The UE QQ606 includes hardware and software, which is stored in or accessible by UE QQ606 and executable by the UE’s processing circuitry. The software includes a client application, such as a web browser or operator-specific “app” that may be operable to provide a service to a human or non-human user via UE QQ606 with the support of the host QQ602. In the host QQ602, an executing host application may communicate with the executing client application via the OTT connection QQ650 terminating at the UE QQ606 and host QQ602. In providing the service to the user, the UE's client application may receive request data from the host's host application and provide user data in response to the request data. The OTT connection QQ650 may transfer both the request data and the user data. The UE's client application may interact with the user to generate the user data that it provides to the host application through the OTT connection QQ650.
[0199] The OTT connection QQ650 may extend via a connection QQ660 between the host QQ602 and the network node QQ604 and via a wireless connection QQ670 between the network node QQ604 and the UE QQ606 to provide the connection between the host QQ602 and the UE QQ606. The connection QQ660 and wireless connection QQ670, over which the OTT connection QQ650 may be provided, have been drawn abstractly to illustrate the communication between the host QQ602 and the UE QQ606 via the network node QQ604, without explicit reference to any intermediary devices and the precise routing of messages via these devices.
[0200] As an example of transmitting data via the OTT connection QQ650, in step QQ608, the host QQ602 provides user data, which may be performed by executing a host application. In some embodiments, the user data is associated with a particular human user interacting with the UE QQ606. In other embodiments, the user data is associated with a UE QQ606 that shares data with the host QQ602 without explicit human interaction. In step QQ610, the host QQ602 initiates a transmission carrying the user data towards the UE QQ606. The host QQ602 may initiate the transmission responsive to a request transmitted by the UE QQ606. The request may be caused by human interaction with the UE QQ606 or by operation of the client application executing on the UE QQ606. The transmission may pass via the network node QQ604, in accordance with the teachings of the embodiments described throughout this disclosure. Accordingly, in step QQ612, the network node QQ604 transmits to the UE QQ606 the user data that was carried in the transmission that the host QQ602 initiated, in accordance with the teachings of the embodiments described throughout this disclosure. In step QQ614, the UE QQ606 receives the user data carried in the transmission, which may be performed by a client application executed on the UE QQ606 associated with the host application executed by the host QQ602.
[0201] In some examples, the UE QQ606 executes a client application which provides user data to the host QQ602. The user data may be provided in reaction or response to the data received from the host QQ602. Accordingly, in step QQ616, the UE QQ606 may provide user data, which may be performed by executing the client application. In providing the user data, the client application may further consider user input received from the user via an input / output interface of the UE QQ606. Regardless of the specific manner in which the user data was provided, the UE QQ606 initiates, in step QQ618, transmission of the user data towards the host QQ602 via the network node QQ604. In step QQ620, in accordance with the teachings of the embodiments described throughout this disclosure, the network node QQ604 receives user data from the UE QQ606 and initiates transmission of the received user data towards the host QQ602. In step QQ622, the host QQ602 receives the user data carried in the transmission initiated by the UE QQ606.
[0202] One or more of the various embodiments improve the performance of OTT services provided to the UE QQ606 using the OTT connection QQ650, in which the wireless connection QQ670 forms the last segment.
[0203] In an example scenario, factory status information may be collected and analyzed by the host QQ602. As another example, the host QQ602 may process audio and video data which may have been retrieved from a UE for use in creating maps. As another example, the host QQ602 may collect and analyze real-time data to assist in controlling vehicle congestion (e.g., controlling traffic lights) . As another example, the host QQ602 may store surveillance video uploaded by a UE. As another example, the host QQ602 may store or control access to media content such as video, audio, VR or AR which it can broadcast, multicast or unicast to UEs. As other examples, the host QQ602 may be used for energy pricing, remote control of non-time critical electrical load to balance power generation needs, location services, presentation services (such as compiling diagrams etc. from data collected from remote devices) , or any other function of collecting, retrieving, storing, analyzing and / or transmitting data.
[0204] In some examples, a measurement procedure may be provided for the purpose of monitoring data rate, latency and other factors on which the one or more embodiments improve. There may further be an optional network functionality for reconfiguring the OTT connection QQ650 between the host QQ602 and UE QQ606, in response to variations in the measurement results. The measurement procedure and / or the network functionality for reconfiguring the OTT connection may be implemented in software and hardware of the host QQ602 and / or UE QQ606. In some embodiments, sensors (not shown) may be deployed in or in association with other devices through which the OTT connection QQ650 passes; the sensors may participate in the measurement procedure by supplying values of the monitored quantities exemplified above, or supplying values of other physical quantities from which software may compute or estimate the monitored quantities. The reconfiguring of the OTT connection QQ650 may include message format, retransmission settings, preferred routing etc.; the reconfiguring need not directly alter the operation of the network node QQ604. Such procedures and functionalities may be known and practiced in the art. In certain embodiments, measurements may involve proprietary UE signaling that facilitates measurements of throughput, propagation times, latency and the like, by the host QQ602. The measurements may be implemented in that software causes messages to be transmitted, in particular empty or ‘dummy’ messages, using the OTT connection QQ650 while monitoring propagation times, errors, etc.
[0205] Although the computing devices described herein (e.g., UEs, network nodes, hosts) may include the illustrated combination of hardware components, other embodiments may comprise computing devices with different combinations of components. It is to be understood that these computing devices may comprise any suitable combination of hardware and / or software needed to perform the tasks, features, functions and methods disclosed herein. Determining, calculating, obtaining or similar operations described herein may be performed by processing circuitry, which may process information by, for example, converting the obtained information into other information, comparing the obtained information or converted information to information stored in the network node, and / or performing one or more operations based on the obtained information or converted information, and as a result of said processing making a determination. Moreover, while components are depicted as single boxes located within a larger box, or nested within multiple boxes, in practice, computing devices may comprise multiple different physical components that make up a single illustrated component, and functionality may be partitioned between separate components. For example, a communication interface may be configured to include any of the components described herein, and / or the functionality of the components may be partitioned between the processing circuitry and the communication interface. In another example, non-computationally intensive functions of any of such components may be implemented in software or firmware and computationally intensive functions may be implemented in hardware.
[0206] In certain embodiments, some or all of the functionality described herein may be provided by processing circuitry executing instructions stored on in memory, which in certain embodiments may be a computer program product in the form of a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium. In alternative embodiments, some or all of the functionality may be provided by the processing circuitry without executing instructions stored on a separate or discrete device-readable storage medium, such as in a hard-wired manner. In any of those particular embodiments, whether executing instructions stored on a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium or not, the processing circuitry can be configured to perform the described functionality. The benefits provided by such functionality are not limited to the processing circuitry alone or to other components of the computing device, but are enjoyed by the computing device as a whole, and / or by end users and a wireless network generally.
[0207] When using the word "comprise" or “comprising” it shall be interpreted as non-limiting, i.e. meaning "consist at least of" .
[0208] The embodiments herein are not limited to the preferred embodiments described above. Various alternatives, modifications and equivalents may be used.
Claims
1.A method performed by a UE (121) for handling a channel measurement anomaly in a wireless communication network (100) , the method comprising:determining (303) whether or not a measurement anomaly is detected in a measurement sample in a set of measurement samples, wherein the measurement anomaly is detected based on an anomaly detection criterion,updating (304) the set of measurement samples by substituting the measurement sample associated with the detected measurement anomaly.2.The method according to claim 1, wherein determining (303) the measurement anomaly comprises determining that the measurement sample fulfils the anomaly detection criterion.3.The method according to any of claims 1-2, wherein the anomaly detection criterion is related to a Reference Signal Received Power, RSRP of samples in the set of measurement samples.4.The method according to any of claims 1-3, wherein substituting the measurement sample comprises substituting an RSRP value of the measurement sample to an estimated RSRP value.5.The method according to claim 4, wherein updating (304) the set of measurement samples comprises estimating the estimated RSRP value.6.The method according to any of claims 1-5, wherein the anomaly detection criterion comprises a first threshold and a second threshold, and wherein the measurement anomaly is detected when any one out of:an RSRP of the measurement sample is above the first threshold or below the second threshold, orthe anomaly detection criterion comprises a third threshold, and a local outlier factor of a measurement sample is above the third threshold.7.The method according to any of claims 5-6, wherein the estimated RSRP value is based on whether the measurement sample is above the upper threshold or below the lower threshold.8.The method according to any of claims 1-7, wherein the method further comprises:repeating (305) any one or more of the steps of determining (303) and updating (304) for each sample in the set of measurement samples.9.A computer program (680) comprising instructions, which when executed by a processor (660) , causes the processor (660) to perform actions according to any of the claims 1-8.10.A carrier (690) comprising the computer program (680) of claim 9, wherein the carrier (690) is one of an electronic signal, an optical signal, an electromagnetic signal, a magnetic signal, an electric signal, a radio signal, a microwave signal, or a computer-readable storage medium.11.A UE (121) configured to handle a channel measurement anomaly in a wireless communication network (100) , the UE (121) further being configured to:determine whether or not a measurement anomaly is detected in a measurement sample in a set of measurement samples, wherein the measurement anomaly is adapted to be detected based on an anomaly detection criterion,update the set of measurement samples by substituting a measurement sample associated with the detected measurement anomaly.12.The UE (121) according to claim 11, wherein the UE (121) is configured to determine the measurement anomaly by further being configured to determine that the measurement sample fulfils the anomaly detection criterion.13.The UE (121) according to any of claims 11-12, wherein substituting the measurement sample is adapted to comprise to substitute a Reference Signal Received Power, RSRP, value of the measurement sample to an estimated RSRP value.14.The UE (121) according to claim 13, wherein the UE (121) is further configured to update the set of measurement samples by estimating the estimated RSRP value.15.The UE (121) according to any of claims 11-14, wherein the anomaly detection criterion is adapted to be related to an RSRP of measurement samples in the set of measurement samples.16.The UE (121) according to any of claims 11-15, wherein the anomaly detection criterion is adapted to comprise a first threshold and a second threshold, and wherein the measurement anomaly is adapted to be detected when any one out of:an RSRP of the measurement sample is above the first threshold or below the second threshold, orthe anomaly detection criterion is adapted to comprise a third threshold, and a local outlier factor of a measurement sample is above the third threshold.17.The UE (121) according to any of claims 15-16, wherein the estimated RSRP value is adapted to be based on whether the measurement sample is above the upper threshold or below the lower threshold.18.The UE (121) according to any of claims 11-17, wherein the UE (121) is further configured to:repeat any one or more of the steps of determine and update for each measurement sample in the set of measurement samples.
Citation Information
Patent Citations
Method of UE RSRQ measurement precuation for interference coordination
CN103384977A
Method and device for anomaly detection and parameter filling of time series data
CN114826988A
Methods for detecting and interpreting data anomalies, and related systems and devices
US20210103580A1
Method and system for filtering of abnormal network parameter values prior to being used in training of a prediction model in a communication network
US20220174511A1