Battery module and battery pack

Abstract

A battery module (1) and a battery pack (2). The battery module (1) comprises a module support (10), a plurality of battery cells (11), a thermal insulation and flame retardant structure (13), and a thermally conductive structure (14). The module support (10) comprises a first clamping plate (101), a second clamping plate (102), and a connecting structure (103). The thermal conductivity coefficient of the second clamping plate (102) is greater than that of the first clamping plate (101). The plurality of battery cells (11) are arranged in an array between the first clamping plate (101) and the second clamping plate (102). Each battery cell (11) is provided with an electrical connection portion (110) and a heat dissipation portion (111) opposite to each other, and the electrical connection portions (110) of the battery cells (11) are all provided adjacent to the first clamping plate (101); the thermal insulation and flame retardant structure (13) is located between the first clamping plate (101) and the second clamping plate (102), and the thermal insulation and flame retardant structure (13) comprises a plurality of through cavities (130) arranged in an array. The battery cells (11) are provided in the through cavities (130) in a one-to-one correspondence manner. The thermally conductive structure (14) is connected between the heat dissipation portions (111) and the second clamping plate (102).

Description

Battery modules and battery packs

[0001] This application claims priority to the Chinese patent application filed with the China Patent Office on January 29, 2024, application number 202420222632.1, and the entire contents of the above application are incorporated by reference into this application.

[0002] Technical Field

[0003] The present application relates to the field of battery technology, and in particular to a battery module and a battery pack.

[0004] Background Art

[0005] In the related art, the discharge voltage of the battery module is usually increased by increasing the number of single batteries connected in series in the battery module.

[0006] Technical issues

[0007] An increase in the number of single cells connected in series will lead to an increase in the excess current in the series circuit of the single cells, which in turn will increase the heat generated by the battery module during the charging and discharging process. The single cells are prone to overheating, and once one single cell explodes, the temperatures of the other single cells are also high, making them more susceptible to the impact of the explosion and causing subsequent explosions, resulting in low safety.

[0008] Therefore, in order to prevent the battery module from overheating during use and to ensure the safety of the battery module, it is difficult to increase the number of series-connected single cells in the current battery module, and thus it is difficult to increase the discharge voltage of the battery module.

[0009] Technical Solutions

[0010] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a battery module, comprising:

[0011] a module bracket, the module bracket comprising a first clamping plate, a second clamping plate, and a connecting structure, the first clamping plate and the second clamping plate being spaced apart along a reference direction, the thermal conductivity of the second clamping plate being greater than the thermal conductivity of the first clamping plate, and the connecting structure being connected between the first clamping plate and the second clamping plate;

[0012] A plurality of single cells, wherein the plurality of single cell arrays are disposed between the first clamping plate and the second clamping plate, each of the single cells having an electrical connection portion and a heat dissipation portion that are opposite to each other along the reference direction, the electrical connection portions of the plurality of single cells being disposed adjacent to the first clamping plate, and the electrical connection portions of the plurality of single cells being electrically connected;

[0013] a heat-insulating flame-retardant structure, the heat-insulating flame-retardant structure being located between the first clamping plate and the second clamping plate, the heat-insulating flame-retardant structure comprising a plurality of arrays of through cavities, the plurality of single cells being disposed in a one-to-one correspondence in the plurality of through cavities; and

[0014] A heat-conducting structure is connected between the heat dissipation portion and the second clamping plate.

[0015] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application further provides a battery pack comprising an electrical connection structure and a plurality of battery modules as described in the first aspect, wherein the plurality of battery modules are arranged in sequence and connected along the reference direction, and the electrical connection structure is electrically connected to the plurality of battery modules.

[0016] Beneficial effects

[0017] The present application reduces heat conduction between multiple single cells by providing a heat-insulating and flame-retardant structure with multiple through cavities and arranging each single cell in a corresponding through cavity. When a single cell explodes, it can hinder the spread of fire, thereby improving the safety of the battery module.

[0018] Furthermore, by making the thermal conductivity of the second clamping plate greater than that of the first clamping plate, and connecting the heat dissipation portion and the second clamping plate through a heat-conducting structure, most of the heat generated by the battery can be directed to the second clamping plate and dissipated to the outside of the battery module through the second clamping plate. On the one hand, the battery can dissipate heat more quickly, and on the other hand, it can reduce the impact of the heat generated by the battery on the battery module, making the performance of the various parts of the battery module in withstanding current overcurrent more stable. Therefore, the battery module provided by the present application has good directional heat dissipation capabilities and the ability to stably withstand high-voltage current overcurrents. It can ensure the safety of the battery module when including more single cells connected in series to enable the battery module to have the function of achieving higher-voltage discharge.

[0019] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] FIG1 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the battery module according to the embodiment.

[0021] FIG2 is a schematic diagram of the structural decomposition of the battery module (with the heat conducting structure omitted) according to the embodiment.

[0022] FIG3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the structure between the single cell and the second clamping plate, and between the single cell and the second clamping plate according to the embodiment.

[0023] FIG4 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the second splint in the embodiment.

[0024] FIG5 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the insulating sleeve according to the embodiment.

[0025] FIG6 is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the busbar assembly, the first clamping plate, and the single battery cells according to the embodiment.

[0026] FIG7 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of three busbars connected in series according to the embodiment.

[0027] FIG8 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the battery pack according to the embodiment.

[0028] FIG9 is a simplified schematic diagram of the structure of the battery pack (showing the series components) described in the embodiment.

[0029] In the picture:

[0030] 1. Battery module; 10. Module bracket; 10a. First avoidance cavity; 10b. Second avoidance cavity; 101. First clamping plate; 101a. Connecting structure; 102. Second clamping plate; 102a. Limiting groove; 102b. Limiting protrusion; 102c. Pressure relief hole; 103. Connection structure; 104. Boss; 11. Single battery; 110. Electrical connection portion; 111. Heat dissipation portion; 12. Busbar assembly Components; 120, series busbar; 121, positive busbar; 122, negative busbar; 12a, arch bridge structure; 13, heat-insulating and flame-retardant structure; 130, through cavity; 131, heat-insulating and flame-retardant sleeve; 14, heat-conducting structure; 15, insulating sleeve; 15a, first part; 15b, second part; 150, overflow glue groove; 151, avoidance hole; 16, flame-retardant pad; 17, insulating sheet; 18, structural adhesive;

[0031] 2. Battery pack; 20. Electrical connection structure; 200. Series connection member.

[0032] Modes for Carrying Out the Invention

[0033] As shown in Figures 1 to 3, the first aspect of the present application provides a battery module 1, including a module bracket 10, a plurality of single cells 11, a heat-insulating and flame-retardant structure 13, and a heat-conducting structure 14. The module bracket 10 includes a first clamping plate 101, a second clamping plate 102, and a connecting structure 103. The first clamping plate 101 and the second clamping plate 102 are spaced apart along a reference direction X. The thermal conductivity of the second clamping plate 102 is greater than that of the first clamping plate 101. The connecting structure 103 is connected between the first clamping plate 101 and the second clamping plate 102. A plurality of single cells 11 are arranged in an array between the first clamping plate 101 and the second clamping plate 102. The single cells 11 have an electrical connection portion 110 and a heat dissipation portion 111 that are opposite to each other along the reference direction X. The electrical connection portion 110 has a positive electrode and a negative electrode of the single cell 11. The electrical connection parts 110 of the multiple single batteries 11 are all arranged adjacent to the first clamping plate 101, and the heat dissipation parts 111 of the multiple single batteries 11 are all arranged adjacent to the second clamping plate 102, so that the electrical connection parts 110 of the multiple single batteries 11 are electrically connected. The heat-insulating and flame-retardant structure 13 is located between the first clamping plate 101 and the second clamping plate 102. The heat-insulating and flame-retardant structure 13 includes a plurality of arrays of through cavities 130. The multiple single batteries 11 are arranged in the plurality of through cavities 130 in a one-to-one correspondence. The heat-conducting structure 14 is connected between the heat dissipation part 111 and the second clamping plate 102. In Figures 1 to 3, the reference direction X is indicated by an arrow.

[0034] By providing a heat-insulating and flame-retardant structure 13 having multiple through cavities 130 and arranging each single battery 11 correspondingly in the through cavity 130, heat conduction between the multiple single batteries 11 is reduced, and when a single battery 11 explodes, the spread of fire can be hindered, thereby improving the safety of the battery module 1.

[0035] Furthermore, by making the thermal conductivity of the second clamping plate 102 greater than that of the first clamping plate 101, and connecting the heat dissipation portion 111 and the second clamping plate 102 via the heat-conducting structure 14, most of the heat generated by the battery can be directed to the second clamping plate 102 and dissipated to the outside of the battery module 1 through the second clamping plate 102. On the one hand, the battery can dissipate heat more quickly, and on the other hand, it can reduce the impact of the heat generated by the battery on the battery module 1, making the performance of the various parts of the battery module 1 in withstanding current overcurrent more stable. Therefore, the battery module 1 provided by the present application has good directional heat dissipation capabilities and the ability to stably withstand high-voltage current overcurrents. It can ensure the safety of the battery module 1 when including more series-connected single cells 11, or even when all single cells 11 included in the battery module 1 are connected in series, so that the battery module 1 can have the function of achieving higher-voltage discharge.

[0036] Optionally, the thermal insulation and flame retardant structure 13 includes a plurality of separate thermal insulation and flame retardant sleeves 131, each thermal insulation and flame retardant sleeve 131 having a through cavity 130, so that each thermal insulation and flame retardant sleeve 131 can be independently sleeved on the periphery of the single cell 11 to avoid being affected by the assembly process of other single cells 11 and the thermal insulation and flame retardant sleeve 131, so that the assembly accuracy of the thermal insulation and flame retardant sleeve 131 and the corresponding single cell 11 is higher, and the thermal insulation and flame retardant effect of the thermal insulation and flame retardant sleeve 131 on the single cell 11 is better. Stability.

[0037] Optionally, the heat-insulating and flame-retardant structure 13 may be made of an aerogel material having good heat-insulating and fire-retardant properties.

[0038] Optionally, the heat-conducting structure 14 is made of a thermally conductive adhesive. In other words, the heat-conducting adhesive can be placed between the heat-dissipating portion 111 and the second clamping plate 102 and then cured to form the heat-conducting structure 14 connected between the heat-dissipating portion 111 and the second clamping plate 102. On the one hand, the heat-conducting structure 14 has a good connection tightness with the heat-dissipating portion 111 and the second clamping plate 102, respectively. The effective heat-conducting area of ​​the heat-conducting structure 14, the heat-dissipating portion 111 and the second clamping plate 102 are large, and the heat-conducting structure 14 improves the heat-conducting efficiency between the heat-dissipating portion 111 and the second clamping plate 102. On the other hand, the heat-dissipating portion 111 and the second clamping plate 102 can be bonded together using the thermally conductive adhesive, thereby improving the relative positional stability of the heat-dissipating portion 111 and the second clamping plate 102.

[0039] Optionally, the connecting structure 103 may be a rod-shaped structure, so as to connect the first clamping plate 101 and the second clamping plate 102 that are spaced apart, and maintain the first clamping plate 101 and the second clamping plate 102 in a spaced-apart state.

[0040] When using the battery module 1, in some cases, multiple battery modules 1 can be stacked in sequence for use. At this time, a sliding rod is usually used to string together and fix the stacked multiple battery modules 1. Based on this, for example, the connection structure 103 can also be provided with a sliding rail, which is configured to be slidably connected to an external sliding rod so that the sliding rod can limit the battery module 1.

[0041] Optionally, the first plywood 101 may be made of a flame-retardant material with excellent flame retardancy, such as, but not limited to, at least one of ABS (Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene Plastic), PC (Polycarbonate), PP (Polypropylene), and PVC (Polyvinyl Chloride), with a UL94 flammability rating of V0 or V1. To ensure that the first plywood 101 has excellent combined flame retardancy and strength while also balancing material cost, the first plywood 101 may be made of a mixture of, but not limited to, ABS, PC, PP, and PVC.

[0042] Optionally, the second clamping plate 102 may be made of a metal material with a relatively high thermal conductivity, for example, including but not limited to at least one of aluminum alloy, stainless steel, and copper.

[0043] As shown in FIG4 , a plurality of limiting grooves 102 a are optionally provided on one side of the second clamping plate 102 facing the first clamping plate 101. The heat dissipation portion 111 is located within the limiting grooves 102 a, and the heat conductive structure 14 is connected between the heat dissipation portion 111 and the groove wall of the limiting grooves 102 a. On the one hand, the limiting grooves 102 a can limit the heat dissipation portion 111, thereby further stabilizing the position of the single battery 11 between the first clamping plate 101 and the second clamping plate 102. On the other hand, the area of ​​the surface corresponding to the heat dissipation portion 111 and the second clamping plate 102 can be increased, thereby increasing the effective connection area between the heat conductive structure 14 and the heat dissipation portion 111, and between the heat conductive structure 14 and the second clamping plate 102, respectively. This can further improve the heat transfer efficiency between the heat dissipation portion 111 and the second clamping plate 102, thereby preventing the single battery 11 from overheating and improving the safety of the battery module 1.

[0044] Exemplarily, the heat dissipation portion 111 has an end face facing the bottom of the limiting groove 102a and an outer peripheral face facing the groove side wall of the limiting groove 102a, and the heat-conducting structure 14 is connected between the outer peripheral face of the heat dissipation portion 111 and the groove side wall of the limiting groove 102a, or is connected between the end face of the heat dissipation portion 111 and the bottom of the limiting groove 102a, or, the heat-conducting structure 14 is connected between the outer peripheral face of the heat dissipation portion 111 and the groove side wall of the limiting groove 102a, and is connected between the end face of the heat dissipation portion 111 and the bottom of the limiting groove 102a.

[0045] Optionally, a limiting protrusion 102b is provided on the side of the second clamping plate 102 facing the first clamping plate 101, and the limiting groove 102a is provided within the limiting protrusion 102b. On the one hand, this allows the portion of the second clamping plate 102 not provided with the limiting protrusion 102b to maintain a relatively thin plate-like structure, thereby making the battery module 1 even thinner and lighter. On the other hand, by providing the limiting groove 102a within the limiting protrusion 102b, the excess depth of the limiting groove 102a can be increased, thereby increasing the area of ​​the surface corresponding to the heat dissipation portion 111 and the second clamping plate 102, thereby improving the heat transfer efficiency between the heat dissipation portion 111 and the second clamping plate 102.

[0046] Along the reference direction X, the single battery cell 11 has a dimension c, and the retaining groove 102a has a depth d. It is understood that the larger the depth d of the retaining groove 102a (i.e., the closer the depth d is to dimension c), the larger the area of ​​the surface of the heat dissipation portion 111 corresponding to the second clamping plate 102. However, the closer the notch of the retaining groove 102a is to the electrical connection portion 110, the less effective it is in reducing the impact of heat on the busbar assembly 12 through directional heat dissipation. Therefore, the depth d should not be too large or too small. Based on this, dimension c and depth d can optionally satisfy the following relationship: 0.25c ≤ d ≤ 0.35c, where both dimension c and depth d are expressed in mm. For example, depth d can be 0.25c, 0.26c, 0.27c, 0.28c, 0.29c, 0.3c, 0.31c, 0.32c, 0.33c, 0.34c, or 0.35c, etc.

[0047] Optionally, the battery module 1 further comprises an insulating sleeve 15, which is provided on the end surface and part of the outer peripheral surface of the heat dissipation portion 111. The limiting groove 102a has a depth d along the reference direction X, and the insulating sleeve 15 has a dimension e, e<d, wherein the units of dimension e and depth d are both mm, and the thermal conductive structure 14 is at least partially connected between the outer peripheral surface of the heat dissipation portion 111 and the second clamping plate 102, so that the outer peripheral surface and the end surface of the heat dissipation portion 111 can be spaced from the groove wall of the limiting groove 102a through the insulating sleeve 15 to avoid the heat dissipation portion 111 directly contacting the second clamping plate 102, causing the heat dissipation portion 111 and the second clamping plate 102 to be electrically conductive, and by making the dimension e and the depth d satisfy e<d, the thermal conductive structure 14 can be connected between the outer peripheral surface of the heat dissipation portion 111 and the second clamping plate 102, so as to achieve the effect of improving the thermal conductivity efficiency between the heat dissipation portion 111 and the second clamping plate 102.

[0048] Exemplarily, the insulating sleeve 15 includes a first part 15a and a second part 15b that are connected to each other. The first part 15a is arranged on the end face of the heat dissipation portion 111 to separate the end face of the heat dissipation portion 111 and the bottom of the limiting groove 102a through the first part 15a. The second part 15b is arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the heat dissipation portion 111 to separate the outer peripheral surface of the heat dissipation portion 111 and the side wall of the limiting groove 102a through the second part 15b.

[0049] Optionally, the insulating sleeve 15 may be made of a flame-retardant material with excellent flame retardancy, such as, but not limited to, at least one of ABS (Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene Plastic), PC (Polycarbonate), PP (Polypropylene), and PVC (Polyvinyl Chloride), with a UL94 flammability rating of V0 or V1. To ensure that the insulating sleeve 15 has both excellent flame retardancy and strength while also balancing material cost, the insulating sleeve 15 may be made of a mixture of, but not limited to, ABS, PC, PP, and PVC.

[0050] 5 , optionally, the insulating sleeve 15 is provided with a glue overflow groove 150 , which can, on the one hand, allow excess glue to overflow, and on the other hand, increase the effective connection area between the glue and the insulating sleeve 15 , the heat dissipation portion 111 , and the groove wall of the limiting groove 102 a , thereby improving the connection stability between the single battery 11 and the second clamping plate 102 .

[0051] Optionally, the insulating sleeve 15 may be provided with a plurality of glue overflow grooves 150, and the plurality of glue overflow grooves 150 are arranged at intervals around the periphery of the heat dissipation portion 111, so as to allow glue overflow at different positions on the periphery of the heat dissipation portion 111, and the effective connection area between the glue and the insulating sleeve 15, the heat dissipation portion 111 and the groove wall of the limiting groove 102a can be increased by increasing the number of glue overflow grooves 150.

[0052] When the insulating sleeve 15 includes a first part 15a and a second part 15b connected to each other, optionally, the first part 15a is provided with a glue overflow groove 150, or the second part 15 is provided with a glue overflow groove 150, or both the first part 15a and the second part 15 are provided with a glue overflow groove 150.

[0053] When both the first portion 15a and the second portion 15 are provided with a glue overflow groove 150 , optionally, the glue overflow grooves 150 on the first portion 15a and the second portion 15b may be connected to each other, so as to simplify the structure of the insulating sleeve 15 .

[0054] In an optional example, the insulating sleeve 15 and the heat dissipation portion 111 can be bonded to the groove wall of the limiting groove 102a by thermally conductive adhesive. In other words, the heat conductive structure 14 made of thermally conductive adhesive can be connected between the outer surface of the heat dissipation portion 111 and the insulating sleeve 15 as a whole and the groove wall of the limiting groove 102a, so that the heat conduction efficiency between the heat dissipation portion 111 and the second clamping plate 102 is better, and the heat dissipation portion 111 and the second clamping plate 102 can also be fixed by the thermal conductive structure 14. It is understandable that when the insulating sleeve 15 is provided with a glue overflow groove 150, the heat conductive structure 14 in the glue overflow groove 150 can also be connected between the surface of the heat dissipation portion 111 and the groove wall of the limiting groove 102a to increase the effective heat conduction area between the heat dissipation portion 111 and the limiting groove 102a.

[0055] In another optional example, the insulating sleeve 15 can be bonded to the heat dissipation portion 111 and to the wall of the limiting groove 102a using structural adhesive 18. Thermally conductive adhesive is then filled between the outer periphery of the heat dissipation portion 111 and the wall of the limiting groove 102a, and cured to form a thermally conductive structure 14 connected between the outer periphery of the heat dissipation portion 111 and the wall of the limiting groove 102a. The superior bonding properties of the structural adhesive 18 can be utilized to provide a more stable connection between the heat dissipation portion 111 and the second clamping plate 102. The thermally conductive structure 14 can also be utilized to reinforce the connection between the heat dissipation portion 111 and the second clamping plate 102 and improve the thermal conductivity between the heat dissipation portion 111 and the limiting groove 102a.

[0056] Optionally, a pressure relief valve is provided on the end surface of the heat dissipation portion 111, and a pressure relief hole 102c is provided at the bottom of the limiting groove 102a. The pressure relief hole 102c corresponds to the pressure relief valve. Thus, when the interior of the single cell 11 overheats, the pressure relief valve can be used to release pressure from the single cell 11 toward the pressure relief hole 102c. This improves the controllability of the pressure relief process and the range of pressure relief. It also reduces the possibility of high-temperature, high-pressure contents ejected from the single cell 11 during pressure relief from splashing onto the busbar assembly 12 and causing a short circuit in the battery module 1, thereby reducing the risk of pressure relief from the single cell 11. When the first portion 15a of the insulating sleeve 15 is provided on the end surface of the heat dissipation portion 111, the first portion 15a is further provided with a relief hole 151 extending along the reference direction X. The relief hole 151 corresponds to the pressure relief valve and is connected to the pressure relief hole 102c to prevent the first portion 15a from interfering with the pressure relief valve opening to release pressure.

[0057] When using the battery module 1, in some cases, multiple battery modules 1 can be stacked in sequence. In this case, to reduce the impact between adjacent battery modules 1, a flame retardant pad 16 is optionally provided between the heat dissipation portion 111 and the bottom of the limiting groove 102a. When the single battery cells 11 of the adjacent battery module 1 release pressure, the flame retardant pad 16 can partially block the high-temperature and high-pressure contents ejected from the outside of the battery module 1 toward the pressure relief hole 102c. When the heat dissipation portion 111 is provided with an insulating sleeve 15, the flame retardant pad 16 is provided between the insulating sleeve 15 and the bottom of the limiting groove 102a.

[0058] Alternatively, a boss 104 is provided on the side of the second clamping plate 102 facing away from the first clamping plate 101, and the top of the boss 104 is configured to abut against the adjacent battery module 1, so that the second clamping plate 102 and the adjacent battery module 1 are spaced apart, thereby enabling a certain buffer space to be formed between the second clamping plate 102 and the adjacent battery module 1. When the single battery 11 included in the battery module 1 is depressurized, the high-temperature and high-pressure contents are first sprayed into the buffer space through the pressure relief hole 102c, and then sprayed to the adjacent battery module 1. Therefore, compared with the case where there is no buffer space, the buffer space can slow down the speed and reduce the temperature of the high-temperature and high-pressure contents when they are sprayed to the adjacent battery module 1.

[0059] Alternatively, a flame retardant pad 16 may be provided between the heat dissipation portion 111 and the bottom of the limiting groove 102a, and a boss 104 may be provided on the side of the second clamping plate 102 facing away from the first clamping plate 101, so that when multiple battery modules 1 are stacked in sequence for use, the impact between adjacent battery modules 1 can be more effectively reduced.

[0060] Optionally, the flame retardant pad 16 may be made of an aerogel material having good heat insulation, fire retardancy and flame retardancy.

[0061] Optionally, a boss 104 may be provided on the side of the first clamping plate 101 facing away from the second clamping plate 102 , so that the first clamping plate 101 can be spaced apart from the adjacent battery module 1 to reduce the impact of the adjacent battery module 1 on the first clamping plate 101 .

[0062] As shown in Figures 1, 2, 6 and 7, optionally, the battery module 1 also includes a bus assembly 12, and the bus assembly 12 includes a plurality of series bus bars 120 arranged at intervals, and the plurality of series bus bars 120 are arranged to form a serpentine structure. In other words, the plurality of series bus bars 120 are arranged in sequence along the serpentine direction, and the two opposite ends of the series bus bars 120 are respectively connected to the electrical connection parts 110 of two adjacent single cells 11 to connect the two adjacent single cells 11 in series, so that the series bus bars 120 can connect the plurality of single cells 11 in series while avoiding interference between any two series bus bars 120. The structure of the bus assembly 12 is compact and reasonable.

[0063] Optionally, the module bracket 10 has a first avoidance cavity 10a and a second avoidance cavity 10b spaced apart, and the first avoidance cavity 10a and the second avoidance cavity 10b are both connected to the external space on two opposite sides of the battery module 1 along the reference direction X. The bus assembly 12 also includes a positive busbar 121 and a negative busbar 122. One end of the positive busbar 121 is connected to the positive electrode of the single battery 11 adjacent to the first avoidance cavity 10a, and the other end of the positive busbar 121 extends into the first avoidance cavity 10a to form a battery. The positive electrode of the module 1 as a whole, one end of the negative busbar 122 is connected to the negative electrode of the single battery 11 adjacent to the second avoidance cavity 10b, and the other end of the negative busbar 122 extends into the second avoidance cavity 10b to form the negative electrode of the battery module 1 as a whole. Therefore, the external electrical connection structure can be accommodated through the spaced first avoidance cavity 10a and the second avoidance cavity 10b respectively, so that the positive electrode and negative electrode of the battery module 1 as a whole can be electrically connected to the external circuit through the electrical connection structure. The structure of the battery module 1 is ingenious and reasonable.

[0064] It can be understood that the two opposite ends of the series busbar 120 are respectively formed as a positive electrode pad and a negative electrode pad, so that one end of the series busbar 120 is welded to the positive electrode of a single cell 11, and one end of the series busbar 120 is welded to the negative electrode of another single cell 11, thereby realizing the connection of the single cells 11 in series through the series busbar 120. When the battery module 1 is connected to the external circuit through the external electrical connection structure, one end of the positive busbar 121 is welded to the positive electrode of the single cell 11, and the other end of the positive busbar 121 is welded to the external electrical connection structure, one end of the negative busbar 122 is welded to the negative electrode of the single cell 11, and the other end of the negative busbar 122 is welded to the external electrical connection structure. In other words, the two opposite ends of each busbar are It is fixedly connected to other structures. However, during the use and transportation of the battery module 1, certain vibrations will inevitably be generated, resulting in changes in the relative positions of the structures to which the two opposite ends of the bus are respectively fixedly connected. Based on this, optionally, the bus assembly 12 includes an arch bridge structure 12a between the two opposite ends of the bus. The arch bridge structure 12a can undergo elastic deformation so that the two opposite ends of the bus can move relative to each other, so that the bus has good tensile and compressive resistance. When the battery module 1 generates certain vibrations, it can avoid the bus breaking due to the change in the relative positions of the structures to which the two opposite ends of the bus are respectively fixedly connected, and the failure of the electrical connection function of the bus, which can improve the stability and safety of the battery module 1.

[0065] In order to enable the busbars included in the bus assembly 12 to withstand current overflow of a larger voltage, optionally, the busbars included in the bus assembly 12 can be made of at least one of copper, aluminum alloy, silver, silver alloy, and gold-plated materials with good overcurrent capability, but not limited to.

[0066] Optionally, the first clamping plate 101 array is provided with a plurality of connecting structures 101a, and the electrical connection portion 110 of each single cell 11 corresponds to each connecting structure 101a respectively. The bus assembly 12 is partially located on the side of the first clamping plate 101 away from the second clamping plate 102, and the bus assembly 12 partially extends into each connecting structure 101a to be electrically connected to the electrical connection portion 110 of each single cell 11, that is, the end of each bus bar extends into the connecting structure 101a to be electrically connected to the electrical connection portion 110 of the single cell 11, so that the bus assembly 12 can be limited and blocked by the first clamping plate 101 to avoid the portion of the bus assembly 12 that does not need to be connected to the electrical connection portion 110 of the single cell 11 (for example, the middle portion of the series bus bar 120, the positive bus bar 121 and the negative bus bar 122 for electrical connection to the external circuit) from accidentally touching the electrical connection portion 110 of the single cell 11, thereby avoiding a short circuit inside the battery module 1.

[0067] Optionally, the connecting structure 101a may include a first through groove and a second through groove spaced apart, the first through groove corresponding to the positive pole of the single cell 11, and the second through groove corresponding to the negative pole of the single cell 11, so that the first clamping plate 101 can be used to isolate the two bus bars electrically connected to the positive pole and the negative pole of the same single cell 11 to avoid a short circuit.

[0068] Optionally, the busbar included in the busbar assembly 12 may also be provided with a positioning hole, and the first clamping plate 101 may also be provided with a positioning protrusion. The positioning hole and the positioning protrusion are plugged into each other to make the relative position of the busbar and the first clamping plate 101 more stable, so that the busbar assembly 12 has better stability in use, thereby avoiding short circuits caused by the displacement of the busbar position during use, thereby improving the safety of the battery module 1.

[0069] Illustratively, the battery module 1 further includes an insulating sheet 17, which is disposed on a side of the busbar assembly 12 facing away from the first clamping plate 101. This shields and insulates the busbar assembly 12 from the exterior of the battery module 1, preventing conductive components external to the battery module 1 from directly contacting the busbar assembly 12 and potentially causing a short circuit or leakage in the battery module 1. Optionally, the insulating sheet 17 is detachably connected to the first clamping plate 101 by means including, but not limited to, threaded connections or snap-fit ​​connections.

[0070] As shown in FIG8 , the second aspect of the present application provides a battery pack 2, comprising an electrical connection structure 20 and a plurality of battery modules 1 as described in the technical solution of the first aspect. The plurality of battery modules 1 are sequentially arranged and connected along a reference direction X. The electrical connection structure 20 is electrically connected to the plurality of battery modules 1. By providing the battery modules 1, the discharge voltage of the battery pack 2 can be increased, while also improving the safety of the battery pack 2. The electrical connection structure 20 can be configured to connect the plurality of battery modules 1 in series, or the electrical connection structure 20 can be configured to connect some of the plurality of battery modules 1 in series, and then connect the plurality of battery modules 1 connected in series in parallel, or the electrical connection structure 20 can be configured to connect the plurality of battery modules 1 in parallel.

[0071] Please refer to Figure 9. When multiple battery modules 1 are electrically connected in series through the electrical connection structure 20, optionally, for any two adjacent battery modules 1, the two first clamps 101 of the two battery modules 1 are close to each other, or the two second clamps 102 of the two battery modules 1 are close to each other. On the one hand, since each battery module 1 has the same structure, such an arrangement can make the positive pole of one and the negative pole of the other of any two adjacent battery modules 1 located on the same side, so that the power supply connection structure 20 can connect the two battery modules 1 in series from one side. On the other hand, it can also make multiple battery modules 1 stacked with the first clamps 101 close to the first clamps 101 and the second clamps 102 close to the second clamps 102, so that most of the heat can be directed to be conducted between the second clamps 102 and the second clamps 102, thereby avoiding the first clamp 101 of the battery module 1 being close to the adjacent second clamp 102, thereby avoiding the first clamp 101 being affected by the heat dissipated by the second clamp 102.

[0072] Illustratively, the electrical connection structure 20 includes a plurality of series connection members 200 , and any two adjacent battery modules 1 are electrically connected to each other via a series connection member 200 , so that any two adjacent battery modules 1 are connected in series via the series connection members 200 . When the module bracket 10 has a first avoidance cavity 10a and a second avoidance cavity 10b spaced apart, for any two adjacent battery modules 1, the first avoidance cavity 10a of one battery module 1 is correspondingly connected to the second avoidance cavity 10b of the other battery module 1, and the second avoidance cavity 10b of one battery module 1 is correspondingly connected to the first avoidance cavity 10a of the other battery module 1, and the series member 200 is located on one side of the two battery modules 1, and one end of the series member 200 is located in the first avoidance cavity 10a of one battery module 1 to be electrically connected to the positive electrode bus 121 of the one battery module 1, and the other end of the series member 200 is located in the second avoidance cavity 10b of the other battery module 1 to be electrically connected to the negative electrode bus 122 of the other battery module 1, thereby realizing the series connection of the two adjacent battery modules 1 through the series member 200.

[0073] When the second plywood 102 is close to the first plywood 101 or the second plywood 102 of the adjacent battery module 1, there is a spacing s between the second plywood 102 and the adjacent plywood. In order to reduce the impact of the heat dissipated from the second plywood 102 on the adjacent plywood, and when the second plywood 102 is provided with a pressure relief hole 102c, in order to reduce the impact of the battery module 1 on the adjacent battery module 1 when the pressure is relieved through the pressure relief hole 102c, the distance s can be larger. Based on this, optionally, s≥8.5mm, for example, the spacing s can be 8.5mm, 9mm, 9.5mm, 10mm, 12mm, 13mm, 15mm, 18mm or 20mm, etc. When a boss 104 is provided on the side of the second plate 102 facing away from the first plate 101, the top of the boss 104 can abut against the adjacent first plate 101, or the bosses 104 of two adjacent second plates 102 can abut against each other, so that the distance between the second plate 102 and the adjacent plates can be kept stable and controllable.

Claims

1. A battery module comprising: a module bracket, the module bracket comprising a first clamping plate, a second clamping plate, and a connecting structure, the first clamping plate and the second clamping plate being spaced apart along a reference direction, the thermal conductivity of the second clamping plate being greater than the thermal conductivity of the first clamping plate, and the connecting structure being connected between the first clamping plate and the second clamping plate; A plurality of single cells, wherein the plurality of single cell arrays are disposed between the first clamping plate and the second clamping plate, each of the single cells having an electrical connection portion and a heat dissipation portion that are opposite to each other along the reference direction, the electrical connection portions of the plurality of single cells being disposed adjacent to the first clamping plate, and the electrical connection portions of the plurality of single cells being electrically connected; a heat-insulating flame-retardant structure, the heat-insulating flame-retardant structure being located between the first clamping plate and the second clamping plate, the heat-insulating flame-retardant structure comprising a plurality of arrays of through cavities, the plurality of single cells being disposed in a one-to-one correspondence in the plurality of through cavities; and A heat-conducting structure is connected between the heat dissipation portion and the second clamping plate.

2. The battery module according to claim 1, wherein: A plurality of limiting grooves are arranged in an array on one side of the second clamping plate facing the first clamping plate. The heat dissipation portion is located in the limiting grooves. The heat conducting structure is connected between the heat dissipation portion and the groove wall of the limiting grooves.

3. The battery module according to claim 2, wherein: The battery module satisfies at least one of the following: A limiting protrusion is provided on a side of the second clamping plate facing the first clamping plate, and the limiting groove is provided in the limiting protrusion; Along the reference direction, the single battery has a size c, the limiting groove has a depth d, and 0.25c≤d≤0.35c.

4. The battery module according to claim 2, wherein: The heat dissipation portion has an end face facing the bottom of the limiting groove and an outer peripheral surface facing the groove side wall of the limiting groove. The battery module also includes an insulating sleeve, which is arranged on the end face of the heat dissipation portion and part of the outer peripheral surface of the heat dissipation portion. Along the reference direction, the limiting groove has a depth d, and the insulating sleeve has a size e, e<d. The heat-conducting structure is at least partially connected between the outer peripheral surface of the heat dissipation portion and the groove side wall of the limiting groove.

5. The battery module according to claim 4, wherein: The insulating sleeve includes a first part and a second part that are connected to each other. The first part is arranged on the end surface of the heat dissipation part, and the second part is arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the heat dissipation part. At least one of the first part and the second part is provided with a glue overflow groove.

6. The battery module according to any one of claims 2 to 5, wherein: The end surface of the heat dissipation portion is provided with a pressure relief valve, and the bottom of the limiting groove is provided with a through pressure relief hole, and the pressure relief hole corresponds to the pressure relief valve; The battery module also meets at least one of the following requirements: A flame retardant pad is provided between the heat dissipation portion and the bottom of the limiting groove; A boss is provided on one side of the second clamping plate facing away from the first clamping plate, and a top end of the boss is arranged to abut against the adjacent battery module, so that the second clamping plate is spaced apart from the adjacent battery module.

7. The battery module according to any one of claims 1 to 5 further includes a bus assembly, wherein the bus assembly includes a plurality of series bus bars arranged at intervals, wherein the plurality of series bus bars are arranged to form a serpentine structure, and the two opposite ends of each series bus bar are respectively connected to the electrical connection parts of two adjacent single cells to connect the two adjacent single cells in series.

8. The battery module according to claim 7, wherein: The battery module satisfies at least one of the following: The module bracket has a first avoidance cavity and a second avoidance cavity spaced apart from each other, the first avoidance cavity and the second avoidance cavity both being connected to the external space on two opposite sides of the battery module along the reference direction, the busbar assembly further comprising a positive busbar and a negative busbar, one end of the positive busbar being connected to the positive electrode of the single battery cell adjacent to the first avoidance cavity, and the other end of the positive busbar extending into the first avoidance cavity, and one end of the negative busbar being connected to the negative electrode of the single battery cell adjacent to the second avoidance cavity, and the other end of the negative busbar extending into the second avoidance cavity; The busbars included in the busbar assembly have an arch bridge structure between two opposite ends, and the arch bridge structure can undergo elastic deformation.

9. The battery module according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein: The battery module satisfies at least one of the following: The heat-insulating flame-retardant structure comprises a plurality of separate heat-insulating flame-retardant sleeves, each of which has one through cavity; The heat-conducting structure is made of heat-conducting adhesive.

10. A battery pack comprising an electrical connection structure and a plurality of battery modules according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the plurality of battery modules are sequentially arranged and connected along the reference direction, and the electrical connection structure is electrically connected to the plurality of battery modules.

11. The battery pack according to claim 10, wherein: The plurality of battery modules are electrically connected in series via the electrical connection structure. For any two adjacent battery modules, the two first clamping plates of the two battery modules are close to each other, or the two second clamping plates of the two battery modules are close to each other.

12. The battery pack according to claim 10, wherein: The second clamping plate is close to the first clamping plate or the second clamping plate of the adjacent battery module, and a distance s is provided between the second clamping plate and the adjacent clamping plate, where s is greater than or equal to 8.5 mm.

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