Antenna, antenna array, and communication device

Abstract

Embodiments of the present application provide an antenna, an antenna array, and a communication device. The antenna comprises a first radiation unit, a combiner, and a second radiation unit; the first radiation unit and the second radiation unit are electrically connected to the combiner, respectively; the first radiation unit, the combiner, and the second radiation unit are sequentially arranged from top to bottom in the vertical direction; the first radiation unit has a first frequency band and a first polarization direction; the second radiation unit has a second frequency band and a second polarization direction; the first frequency band is different from the second frequency band; and the first polarization direction is different from the second polarization direction. The solution of the embodiments of the present application can realize dual-frequency, dual-polarization and high-isolation omnidirectional communication.

Description

Antenna, antenna array and communication device Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of antenna technology, and in particular to an antenna, an antenna array, and a communication device. Background Art

[0002] In wireless communication systems such as wireless fidelity (WiFi) systems, wireless access point devices (APs) are responsible for providing wireless signals to terminals. The spectrum resources of wireless systems are usually discrete frequency bands. In order to achieve access for different terminal devices, wireless access point devices need to have antennas that operate in different frequency bands to support dual-band or multi-band communications. At the same time, in order to obtain a higher wireless communication rate (also known as communication capacity or throughput), dual-polarized antennas are usually required in MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple Output) communication systems. The problem brought about by this is that there are many antenna ports in the device and the antenna complexity is high. Moreover, in some application scenarios, omnidirectional antennas are also required, and isolation is often a major challenge.

[0003] Summary of the Invention

[0004] The embodiments of the present application provide an antenna, an antenna array, and a communication device that can achieve dual-frequency, dual-polarization, omnidirectional, and high-isolation wireless communication.

[0005] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an antenna, including:

[0006] a first radiating unit, a combiner, and a second radiating unit;

[0007] The first radiating unit and the second radiating unit are electrically connected to the combiner respectively;

[0008] The first radiating unit, the combiner and the second radiating unit are arranged in sequence from top to bottom along the longitudinal direction;

[0009] The first radiation unit has a first frequency band and a first polarization direction;

[0010] The second radiation unit has a second frequency band and a second polarization direction;

[0011] The first frequency band and the second frequency band are different, and the first polarization direction and the second polarization direction are different.

[0012] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an antenna array, comprising a plurality of antennas as described in the first aspect.

[0013] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a communication device comprising at least one antenna as described in the first aspect, or at least one antenna array as described in the second aspect.

[0014] One or more technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application, by providing a new dual-frequency dual-polarization omnidirectional antenna structure, can save antenna ports, significantly reduce the complexity of the antenna, and reduce the cost of the entire device; by axially separating and combining the dual-frequency radiation units, it is ensured that both the same-frequency different-polarization and the different-frequency same-polarization have high isolation, achieving a near-ideal omnidirectional radiation effect, and the provided antenna structure enables the antenna to have a very small cross-sectional size, which can save occupied space and reduce outdoor wind resistance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] FIG1 is a schematic diagram of the architecture of a communication system applicable to an embodiment of the present application;

[0016] FIG2 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0017] FIG3 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0018] FIG4 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0019] FIG5 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna array provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0020] FIG6 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna array provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0021] FIG7 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0022] FIG8 is a schematic diagram of the isolation simulation results of an antenna array provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0023] Explanation of the reference numerals: 11: wireless access point; 12: terminal; 210: first radiation unit; 220: second radiation unit; 230: combiner; 310: first radiation unit; 320: second radiation unit; 330: combiner; 410: first radiation unit; 420: second radiation unit; 430: combiner; 500: antenna array; 510: antenna; 520: support plate; 600: antenna array; 610, 620: 5V+2H antenna; 630, 640: 5H+2V antenna; 650: support plate; 700: communication device; 710: antenna array; 720: radio frequency circuit; 730: processor; 740: memory. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] In the embodiments of this application, words such as "exemplary" or "for example" are used to indicate examples, illustrations, or descriptions. Any embodiment or design described as "exemplary" or "for example" in the embodiments of this application should not be interpreted as being preferred or advantageous over other embodiments or designs. Rather, the use of words such as "exemplary" or "for example" is intended to present the relevant concepts in a concrete manner.

[0025] In the embodiments of the present application, the terms "first", "second", "third" and "fourth" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined as "first", "second", "third" and "fourth" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. In the embodiments of the present application, directional terms such as "up", "down", "left" and "right" may be defined including but not limited to the orientation relative to the schematic placement of the components in the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that these directional terms may be relative concepts, which are used for description and clarification relative to each other, and may change accordingly according to changes in the orientation of the components in the accompanying drawings.

[0026] It should be understood that the terms used in the description of the various examples herein are for the purpose of describing the particular examples only and are not intended to be limiting. As used in the description of the various examples, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0027] In this application, "at least one" means one or more, and "plurality" means two or more. "At least one of the following" or similar expressions refers to any combination of these items, including any combination of single or plural items. For example, at least one of a, b, or c can mean: a, b, c, ab, ac, bc, or abc, where a, b, and c can be single or plural.

[0028] It should also be understood that the term "and / or" as used herein refers to and encompasses any and all possible combinations of one or more of the listed items. The term "and / or" describes an association between associated objects, indicating that three possible relationships exist. For example, "A and / or B" can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, or B exists alone. Furthermore, the character " / " in this application generally indicates that the associated objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0029] It should also be understood that in this application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the term "connection" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "connection" can be a fixed connection, a sliding connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection, etc.; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium.

[0030] It will also be understood that the term “comprise” (also known as “includes,” “including,” “comprises,” and / or “comprising”) when used in this specification specifies the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and / or components, but does not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and / or groups thereof.

[0031] It should be understood that references throughout this specification to "one embodiment" or "another embodiment" mean that specific features, structures, or characteristics associated with an embodiment or implementation are included in at least one embodiment of the present application. Therefore, the appearance of "in one embodiment of the present application" or "in another embodiment of the present application" throughout this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. Furthermore, these specific features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments.

[0032] In order to facilitate understanding of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, some technical terms involved in the embodiments of the present application are introduced below.

[0033] Antenna polarization refers to the direction of the electric field of the electromagnetic wave transmitted by the antenna. For example, horizontal polarization means that the direction of the electric field is in the horizontal direction, and vertical polarization means that the direction of the electric field is in the vertical direction.

[0034] Polarization diversity is a classic concept in MIMO communications. It refers to providing differentiation across different dimensions within a communication system, thereby increasing system capacity. Polarization diversity involves using different polarizations simultaneously within a communication system to increase capacity. For example, polarizations of ±45 degrees, horizontal and vertical polarizations, or left-hand and right-hand circular polarizations can be used.

[0035] An omnidirectional antenna is an antenna that radiates evenly in a single direction. In this embodiment, this refers to horizontal radiation. Omnidirectional antennas are crucial for some applications, such as Wi-Fi. Unlike typical directional base station antennas (a single site is typically divided into three sectors, requiring three directional antennas for omnidirectional coverage), Wi-Fi applications typically require minimalist equipment and antenna solutions, requiring a single omnidirectional antenna for coverage in all directions.

[0036] Dual-band antenna refers to an antenna that supports signal transmission and reception in two frequency bands.

[0037] Dual-polarized antenna refers to an antenna that has two different polarization directions at the same time.

[0038] Isolation refers to the S-parameter results of different antenna ports, describing the ability of different ports to receive each other's electromagnetic field energy. Lower isolation indicates greater interference between ports. For dual-band and dual-polarized antennas, due to differences in frequency bands and polarizations, communication systems typically impose isolation requirements to prevent mutual interference. These include isolation between different frequencies within the same polarization, and isolation between different polarizations within the same frequency band. Isolation in communication systems is typically between 20-25dB.

[0039] dB - decibel, a relative unit. The specific calculation method is 10 times the logarithm with base 10 (parameters with dimensions such as voltage, current, and electric field) or 20 times the logarithm with base 10 (parameters with dimensions such as power gain).

[0040] The omnidirectional antennas used in related technologies for dual-band, dual-polarization are complex in structure, resulting in high costs and large size. This makes it difficult to achieve both same-frequency, different-polarization isolation and different-frequency, same-polarization isolation. Furthermore, conventional dual-band implementations involve implementing radiators and feed structures for both frequency bands on the same radiating arm. This results in severe coupling between the two frequency bands, making it difficult to achieve high isolation.

[0041] The present invention provides an antenna, antenna array, and communication device to achieve dual-band, dual-polarization, omnidirectional wireless communication, saving antenna ports, reducing antenna complexity, and achieving high isolation and a small cross-sectional size. The technical solutions of the present invention are described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0042] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application can be applied to various communication systems, such as WiFi systems, Internet of Things communication systems, vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication systems, device-to-device (D2D) communication systems, mobile communication systems (such as 4G, LTE, 5G, 6G, etc.) and future communication systems. Figure 1 exemplarily shows an architectural diagram of a communication system applicable to the embodiments of the present application. The communication system is exemplarily used in outdoor WiFi access scenarios, such as farm WiFi access, stadium WiFi access, etc. As shown in Figure 1, the communication system includes a wireless access point (AP) 11 and multiple terminals 12. Wireless communication can be achieved between the wireless access point 11 and the terminal 12 to connect the terminal 12 to the network. The terminal 12 can be any electronic device with wireless transceiver functions, such as a mobile phone, a cellular phone, a smart phone, a tablet computer, a laptop computer, a VR / AR terminal, a vehicle-mounted terminal, etc. The wireless access point 11 is equipped with an antenna or an antenna array to achieve signal transmission in space, for example, it can be equipped with the antenna or antenna array provided in the embodiments of the present application.

[0043] Example:

[0044] FIG2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application. The antenna includes:

[0045] A first radiating unit 210, a combiner 230 and a second radiating unit 220;

[0046] The first radiation unit 210 and the second radiation unit 220 are electrically connected to the combiner 230 respectively;

[0047] The first radiating unit 210, the combiner 230 and the second radiating unit 220 are arranged in sequence from top to bottom along the longitudinal direction;

[0048] The first radiation unit 210 has a first frequency band and a first polarization direction;

[0049] The second radiation unit 220 has a second frequency band and a second polarization direction;

[0050] The first frequency band and the second frequency band are different, and the first polarization direction and the second polarization direction are different.

[0051] The antenna provided in the embodiment of the present application has two radiating units with different frequency bands and different polarization directions, which can realize dual-frequency, dual-polarization wireless communication; the two radiating units are arranged axially and centrally connected through a combiner to realize omnidirectional communication; since the two radiating units are vertically staggered, their device coupling direction and radiation direction are orthogonal, ensuring a high degree of isolation, and the polarization directions of different frequency bands are also different, further improving the isolation level; the antenna has a low structural complexity and a small cross-sectional size, occupies little space in indoor scene applications, and can reduce the influence of wind resistance in outdoor scene applications.

[0052] In one embodiment, the first frequency band is high frequency, and the second frequency band is low frequency, that is, the first radiation unit 210 is a high frequency radiation unit, and the second radiation unit 220 is a low frequency radiation unit;

[0053] In one embodiment, the first frequency band is a low frequency, and the second frequency band is a high frequency, that is, the first radiation unit 210 is a low frequency radiation unit, and the second radiation unit 220 is a high frequency radiation unit.

[0054] Exemplarily, the high frequency is 5.8 GHz and the low frequency is 2.4 GHz.

[0055] In one embodiment, the first polarization direction is horizontal polarization, and the second polarization direction is vertical polarization, that is, the first radiation unit 210 is a horizontally polarized radiation unit, and the second radiation unit 220 is a vertically polarized radiation unit;

[0056] In one embodiment, the first polarization direction is vertical polarization, and the second polarization direction is horizontal polarization, that is, the first radiation unit 210 is a vertically polarized radiation unit, and the second radiation unit 220 is a horizontally polarized radiation unit.

[0057] Exemplarily, the first radiation unit, the second radiation unit and the combiner all include a dielectric board and a printed circuit to reduce the overall size.

[0058] Exemplarily, the combiner 230 includes a first signal interface, a second signal interface and a combined signal interface, the first radiating unit 210 is electrically connected to the first signal interface, the second radiating unit 220 is electrically connected to the second signal interface, and the combined signal interface is electrically connected to the RF circuit through a coaxial cable to receive a signal to be sent from the RF circuit or to transmit a signal received from space to the RF circuit.

[0059] FIG3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an antenna provided by an embodiment of the present application, which is a specific embodiment of the antenna shown in FIG2 . The antenna shown in FIG3 includes a first radiating unit 310, a combiner 330, and a second radiating unit 320 connected in sequence from top to bottom in the longitudinal direction, wherein the first radiating unit 310 is a high-frequency radiating unit with an operating frequency band of 5.8 GHz and a vertical polarization mode, and the second radiating unit 320 is a low-frequency radiating unit with an operating frequency band of 2.4 GHz and a horizontal polarization mode. The vertically polarized first radiating unit 310 includes a first vertical dielectric plate, and the horizontally polarized second radiating unit 320 includes a second vertical dielectric plate and a plurality of (for example, two) horizontal dielectric plates, which are exemplarily horizontally placed circular dielectric plates, on which horizontal polarization units are evenly arranged outward with the center of the dielectric plate as the center of the circle, and the vertical dielectric plates connect the various circular dielectric plates, which have metal patches thereon to connect the various horizontal polarization units. When there are two circular dielectric plates, they are located at the upper and lower ends of the vertical dielectric plate, respectively.

[0060] FIG4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application, which is another specific embodiment of the antenna shown in FIG2 . The antenna shown in FIG4 includes a first radiating unit 410, a combiner 430, and a second radiating unit 420 connected in sequence from top to bottom in the longitudinal direction, wherein the first radiating unit 410 is a high-frequency radiating unit with an operating frequency band of 5.8 GHz and a horizontal polarization mode, and the second radiating unit 420 is a low-frequency radiating unit with an operating frequency band of 2.4 GHz and a vertical polarization mode. The vertically polarized second radiating unit 420 includes a first vertical dielectric plate, and the horizontally polarized first radiating unit 410 includes a second vertical dielectric plate and a plurality of (for example, 4) horizontal dielectric plates, which are exemplarily horizontally placed circular dielectric plates, on which horizontal polarization units are evenly arranged outward with the center of the dielectric plate as the center of the circle, and the vertical dielectric plates connect the various circular dielectric plates, which have metal patches thereon to connect the various horizontal polarization units, and the connection between the vertical dielectric plate and the circular dielectric plate is the center of the circular dielectric plate. For example, one circular dielectric plate is connected to the upper and lower ends of the vertical dielectric plate respectively, and the remaining circular dielectric plates are located between the upper and lower two circular dielectric plates, and the distances between adjacent circular dielectric plates are equal.

[0061] It is understandable that the antenna provided in the embodiment of the present application may also have the following structure:

[0062] The first radiating unit is a low-frequency radiating unit and adopts a vertical polarization mode, and the second radiating unit is a high-frequency radiating unit and adopts a horizontal polarization mode; or

[0063] The first radiation unit is a low-frequency radiation unit and adopts a horizontal polarization mode, and the second radiation unit is a high-frequency radiation unit and adopts a vertical polarization mode.

[0064] The above structures can realize dual-frequency, dual-polarization, high-isolation omnidirectional wireless communication, ensuring high isolation. The antenna cross-sectional size is the size of the horizontally placed dielectric plate in the horizontally polarized radiation unit, which occupies a small space and has low outdoor wind resistance.

[0065] Based on the antenna of the above embodiment, an embodiment of the present application further provides an antenna array.

[0066] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an antenna array provided in an embodiment of the present application. The antenna array 500 includes multiple antennas 510 as described in any of the above embodiments. In one embodiment, the antenna array 500 also includes a support plate 520, and multiple antennas 510 are vertically arranged on the support plate 520. Exemplarily, the support plate 520 can be any shape such as circular, rectangular, polygonal, etc. In order to better support and ensure the stability of the antenna, the antenna array can also include multiple support rods (not shown), and each antenna is fixed to the support plate by one or more support rods.

[0067] In one embodiment, the multiple antennas 510 are antennas with the same structure, and the intensity of the radiation field is enhanced by densely arranging them.

[0068] In one embodiment, the plurality of antennas 510 include antennas with different structures to achieve greater isolation.

[0069] In one embodiment, the plurality of antennas 510 include antennas of a first type and antennas of a second type. The first polarization direction of the first type antennas differs from the first polarization direction of the second type antennas. Accordingly, the second polarization direction of the first type antennas differs from the second polarization direction of the second type antennas. For example, in the antenna array 500, the first radiating elements of some antennas are vertically polarized and the second radiating elements are horizontally polarized, such as the antenna shown in FIG3 ; while the first radiating elements of other antennas are horizontally polarized and the second radiating elements are vertically polarized, such as the antenna shown in FIG4 .

[0070] It can be understood that in this embodiment, for different types of antennas 510, the polarization directions of the first radiating elements located at the top are inconsistent, and the polarization directions of the second radiating elements located at the bottom are also inconsistent. The polarization directions of the first radiating elements of the first type of antenna and the second type of antenna are consistent. As a result, the distance between radiating elements with the same polarization direction is relatively large, thereby achieving high isolation between different polarizations. In this embodiment, the first frequency band of the first type of antenna and the first frequency band of the second type of antenna can be the same or different.

[0071] In another embodiment, the plurality of antennas 510 include antennas of a first type and antennas of a second type. The first frequency bands of the first type and the second type are different. Accordingly, the second frequency bands of the first type and the second type are also different. For example, in the antenna array 500, the first radiating elements of some antennas are high-frequency radiating elements and the second radiating elements are low-frequency radiating elements, while the first radiating elements of other antennas are low-frequency radiating elements and the second radiating elements are high-frequency radiating elements.

[0072] It can be understood that in this embodiment, for different types of antennas 510, the frequency bands of the first radiating elements located at the top are inconsistent, and the frequency bands of the second radiating elements located at the bottom are also inconsistent. The frequency band of the first radiating element of the first type of antenna is the same as the frequency band of the second radiating element of the second type of antenna. As a result, the distance between radiating elements in the same frequency band is relatively large, thereby achieving high isolation between different frequencies. In this embodiment, the first polarization direction of the first type of antenna and the first polarization direction of the second type of antenna can be the same or different.

[0073] Exemplarily, the distance between antennas of the same type (e.g., between antennas of the first type, between antennas of the second type) is greater than a specific threshold, such as 2 times the wavelength, where the wavelength is the wavelength corresponding to the high-frequency operating frequency of the antenna array, so as to reduce interference between radiating units of the same polarization direction and / or the same frequency band.

[0074] Exemplarily, the first type of antenna is adjacent to the second type of antenna, that is, the adjacent antennas are antennas of different types, so as to reduce interference between radiating units in the same polarization direction and / or interference between radiating units in the same frequency band.

[0075] Exemplarily, the number of first-type antennas and second-type antennas is the same and they are arranged in an interleaved manner.

[0076] FIG6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an antenna array provided in an embodiment of the present application, and is a specific embodiment of the antenna array shown in FIG5 . Exemplarily, the antenna array 600 includes four antennas 610, 620, 630, and 640 arranged vertically. Two of the antennas 610 and 620 have the structure shown in FIG3 , the operating frequency band of the first radiating unit is 5.8 GHz, and the polarization direction is vertical polarization, the operating frequency band of the second radiating unit is 2.4 GHz, and the polarization direction is horizontal polarization, which can be expressed as a 5V+2H antenna. The other two antennas 630 and 640 have the structure shown in FIG4 , the operating frequency band of the first radiating unit is 5.8 GHz, and the polarization direction is horizontal polarization, the operating frequency band of the second radiating unit is 2.4 GHz, and the polarization direction is vertical polarization, which can be expressed as a 5H+2V antenna. Two 5V+2H antennas 610, 620 and two 5H+2V antennas 630, 640 are arranged in an interlaced manner near the edge of the support plate 650, and the horizontal distance between each pair of 5V+2H antennas and 5H+2V antennas is equal. Through this mirror-like uniform layout, the distance between radiating units in the same polarization direction is relatively far, meeting the isolation requirements of the same frequency and different polarization. In order to better support and ensure the stability of the antenna, the antenna array 600 can also include multiple support rods (not shown), one end of one or more support rods passes through the horizontally placed circular dielectric plate in the antenna, and the other end is inserted into the support plate 650 to support and fix the antenna.

[0077] The antenna array provided by the present embodiment achieves near-ideal dual-band, dual-polarization, omnidirectional radiation and exceptional array antenna isolation. Figure 8 illustrates the isolation simulation results for an antenna array according to the present embodiment. As shown in Figure 8 , the isolation in the 5.8 GHz band exceeds 36 dB, significantly exceeding the 20-25 dB achieved in related art.

[0078] An embodiment of the present application also provides a communication device, comprising at least one antenna described with reference to Figures 2-4, or at least one antenna array described with reference to Figures 5-6. Figure 7 is a structural schematic diagram of a communication device 700 provided in an embodiment of the present application, which includes: an antenna array 710, and may also include: a radio frequency circuit 720, a processor 730, and a memory 740. Among them, the antenna array 710 is the antenna array 500 described in Figure 5 or the antenna array 600 described in Figure 6. The antenna array 710 is electrically connected to the radio frequency circuit 720, and the processor 730 is electrically connected to the radio frequency circuit 720 and the memory 740.

[0079] Exemplarily, the communication device is a wireless access point device in a WiFi system. The communication device may also include an access network device in a mobile communication system, such as a base station, or various forms of macro base stations, micro base stations, relay stations, access points, etc. in various wireless systems.

[0080] The above details an antenna, antenna array, and communication device provided in the embodiments of this application. However, the above is merely a specific embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Any changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in this application shall be included in the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application shall be subject to the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. An antenna, wherein: include: a first radiating unit, a combiner, and a second radiating unit; The first radiating unit and the second radiating unit are electrically connected to the combiner respectively; The first radiating unit, the combiner and the second radiating unit are arranged in sequence from top to bottom along the longitudinal direction; The first radiation unit has a first frequency band and a first polarization direction; The second radiation unit has a second frequency band and a second polarization direction; The first frequency band and the second frequency band are different, and the first polarization direction and the second polarization direction are different.

2. The antenna according to claim 1, wherein The first frequency band is a high frequency and the second frequency band is a low frequency; or the first frequency band is a low frequency and the second frequency band is a high frequency.

3. The antenna according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: The first polarization direction is horizontal polarization, and the second polarization direction is vertical polarization; or the first polarization direction is vertical polarization, and the second polarization direction is horizontal polarization.

4. The antenna according to claim 3, wherein The radiation unit with a vertical polarization direction includes a first vertical dielectric plate, and the radiation unit with a horizontal polarization direction includes a second vertical dielectric plate and a plurality of horizontal dielectric plates.

5. An antenna array, wherein: The invention comprises a plurality of antennas according to any one of claims 1 to 4.

6. The antenna array according to claim 5, wherein: It also includes a support plate, and the plurality of antennas are vertically arranged on the support plate.

7. The antenna array according to claim 5 or 6, wherein: The multiple antennas include first type antennas and second type antennas, the first polarization direction of the first type antenna is different from the first polarization direction of the second type antenna, or the first frequency band of the first type antenna is different from the first frequency band of the second type antenna.

8. The antenna array according to claim 7, wherein: The distance between antennas of the same type is greater than a certain threshold.

9. The antenna array according to claim 7, wherein: Adjacent antennas are of different types.

10. A communication device, wherein: The method comprises at least one antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 4, or at least one antenna array according to any one of claims 5 to 9.

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