Signal measurement method and apparatus, and device and storage medium

Abstract

The present application belongs to the technical field of communications. Disclosed are a signal measurement method and apparatus, and a device and a storage medium. The signal measurement method in the embodiments of the present application comprises: a second device measuring a first signal from a first device, and sending a first measurement result to a third device or the first device; alternatively, the second device determining location-related information of the second device and the first device, wherein the first measurement result comprises at least one of the following: received power, path loss, information used for determining the location-related information, and measurement quality, and the location-related information comprises at least one of the following: proximity relationship information, location information of the first device, and location information of the second device.

Description

Signal measurement method, device, equipment and storage medium

[0001] Cross-references

[0002] This disclosure claims priority to Chinese patent application number 202410185605.6 filed on February 19, 2024, entitled “Signal Measurement Method, Device, Equipment and Storage Medium,” and the entire contents of this Chinese patent application are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0003] The present application belongs to the field of communication technology, and specifically relates to a signal measurement method, device, equipment and storage medium. Background Art

[0004] Ambient IoT (Ambient Internet of Things, abbreviated as A_IoT) technology applies the Internet of Things to environmental monitoring and control. It utilizes various sensors and devices to collect, monitor, and analyze environmental data, enabling real-time monitoring and control of environmental conditions. Ambient IoT technology can be applied to diverse environments, such as homes, offices, cities, and industry. With the development of A_IoT technology, the positioning of Ambient IoT devices has become crucial, and how to achieve this positioning remains a key issue. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The embodiments of the present application provide a signal measurement method, apparatus, device, and storage medium, which can solve the problem of how to achieve positioning of Ambient IoT devices.

[0006] In a first aspect, a signal measurement method is provided, which is performed by a second device. The method includes: the second device measuring a first signal from a first device;

[0007] The second device sends the first measurement result to a third device or the first device, or the second device determines location-related information of the second device and the first device;

[0008] The first measurement result includes at least one of the following: received power, path loss, information used to determine the location-related information, and measurement quality;

[0009] The location-related information includes at least one of the following: proximity relationship information, location information of the first device, and location information of the second device.

[0010] In a second aspect, a signal measurement method is provided, which is performed by a first device. The method includes:

[0011] The first device sends a first signal, where the first signal is used by the second device to measure and obtain a first measurement result, where the first measurement result is used to determine location-related information of the second device and the first device;

[0012] The first measurement result includes at least one of the following: received power, path loss, information used to determine the location-related information, and measurement quality;

[0013] The location-related information includes at least one of the following: proximity relationship information, location information of the first device, and location information of the second device.

[0014] In a third aspect, a signal measuring device is provided, comprising:

[0015] a measuring unit, configured to measure a first signal from a first device;

[0016] a first processing unit, configured to send a first measurement result to a third device or the first device, or determine location-related information of the second device and the first device;

[0017] The first measurement result includes at least one of the following: received power, path loss, information used to determine the location-related information, and measurement quality;

[0018] The location-related information includes at least one of the following: proximity relationship information, location information of the first device, and location information of the second device.

[0019] In a fourth aspect, a signal measuring device is provided, comprising:

[0020] A sixth sending unit is configured to send a first signal, where the first signal is used for measurement by a second device to obtain a first measurement result, where the first measurement result is used to determine location-related information of the second device and the first device;

[0021] The first measurement result includes at least one of the following: received power, path loss, information used to determine the location-related information, and measurement quality;

[0022] The location-related information includes at least one of the following: proximity relationship information, location information of the first device, and location information of the second device.

[0023] In a fifth aspect, a second device is provided, which includes a processor and a memory, wherein the memory stores a program or instruction that can be run on the processor, and when the program or instruction is executed by the processor, the steps of the signal measurement method described in the first aspect are implemented.

[0024] In a sixth aspect, a second device is provided, comprising a processor and a communication interface, wherein the processor is used to measure a first signal sent by a first device; send a first measurement result to a third device or the first device, or determine location-related information of the second device and the first device; the first measurement result includes at least one of the following: received power, path loss, information used to determine the location-related information, and measurement quality; the location-related information includes at least one of the following: proximity relationship information, location information of the first device, and location information of the second device.

[0025] In a seventh aspect, a first device is provided, which includes a processor and a memory, wherein the memory stores a program or instruction that can be run on the processor, and when the program or instruction is executed by the processor, the steps of the signal measurement method described in the second aspect are implemented.

[0026] In an eighth aspect, a first device is provided, comprising a processor and a communication interface, wherein the communication interface is used to send a first signal, the first signal is used for measurement by a second device to obtain a first measurement result, and the first measurement result is used to determine location-related information of the second device and the first device; the first measurement result includes at least one of the following: received power, path loss, information used to determine the location-related information, and measurement quality; the location-related information includes at least one of the following: proximity relationship information, location information of the first device, and location information of the second device.

[0027] In the ninth aspect, a readable storage medium is provided, on which a program or instruction is stored. When the program or instruction is executed by a processor, the steps of the signal measurement method as described in the first aspect are implemented, or the steps of the signal measurement method as described in the second aspect are implemented.

[0028] In the tenth aspect, a wireless communication system is provided, comprising: a terminal and a network side device, wherein the terminal can be used to execute the steps of the signal measurement method as described in the first aspect, and the network side device can be used to execute the steps of the signal measurement method as described in the second aspect.

[0029] In the eleventh aspect, a chip is provided, which includes a processor and a communication interface, the communication interface and the processor are coupled, and the processor is used to run programs or instructions to implement the signal measurement method as described in the first aspect, or to implement the signal measurement method as described in the second aspect.

[0030] In the twelfth aspect, a computer program / program product is provided, which is stored in a storage medium and is executed by at least one processor to implement the steps of the signal measurement method as described in the first aspect, or to implement the steps of the signal measurement method as described in the second aspect.

[0031] In an embodiment of the present application, the second device measures the first signal from the first device and sends the first measurement result to the third device or the first device, or the second device determines the location-related information of the second device and the first device, thereby determining the proximity or position of the Ambient IoT device, thereby achieving positioning of the Ambient IoT device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] FIG1 is a block diagram of a wireless communication system to which embodiments of the present application may be applied;

[0033] FIG2 is a flow chart of a signal measurement method according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] FIG3 is a second flow chart of the signal measurement method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0035] FIG4 is a schematic diagram of a time domain correlation spectrum according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0036] FIG5 is a second schematic diagram of a time domain correlation spectrum provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0037] FIG6 is a schematic diagram of a structure of a signal measuring device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0038] FIG7 is a second structural diagram of a signal measurement device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0039] FIG8 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a communication device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0040] FIG9 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a terminal provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0041] FIG10 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the network side device provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] The following will be combined with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of this application to clearly describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application. Obviously, the embodiments described are part of the embodiments of this application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0043] The terms "first", "second", etc. in this application are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the terms used in this way are interchangeable where appropriate, so that the embodiments of the present application can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein, and the objects distinguished by "first" and "second" are generally of the same type, and do not limit the number of objects, for example, the first object can be one or more. In addition, "or" in this application represents at least one of the connected objects. For example, "A or B" covers three options, namely, Option 1: including A but not including B; Option 2: including B but not including A; Option 3: including both A and B. The character " / " generally indicates that the objects associated before and after are in an "or" relationship.

[0044] The term "indication" in this application can be either a direct indication (or explicit indication) or an indirect indication (or implicit indication). A direct indication can be understood as the sender explicitly informing the receiver of specific information, the operation to be performed, or the requested result, etc. in the instruction sent; an indirect indication can be understood as the receiver determining the corresponding information based on the instruction sent by the sender, or making a judgment and determining the operation to be performed or the requested result, etc. based on the judgment result.

[0045] It is worth noting that the technology described in the embodiments of the present application is not limited to the Long Term Evolution (LTE) / LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) system, but can also be used in other wireless communication systems, such as Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA), Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA), Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA), Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA), Single-carrier Frequency-Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA) or other systems. The terms "system" and "network" in the embodiments of the present application are often used interchangeably, and the technology described can be used for the systems and radio technologies mentioned above, as well as for other systems and radio technologies. The following description describes a New Radio (NR) system for illustrative purposes, and NR terminology is used in most of the following description, but these technologies can also be applied to systems other than NR systems, such as 6th generation (6G) systems. thGeneration, 6G) communication system.

[0046] FIG1 is a block diagram of a wireless communication system applicable to an embodiment of the present application. The wireless communication system includes a terminal 11 and a network-side device 12. The terminal 11 may be a mobile phone, a tablet computer (Tablet Personal Computer), a laptop computer (Laptop Computer), a notebook computer, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a handheld computer, a netbook, an ultra-mobile personal computer (UMPC), a mobile internet device (MID), an augmented reality (AR), a virtual reality (VR) device, a robot, a wearable device (Wearable Device), an aircraft (Flight Vehicle), a vehicle-mounted device (VUE), a ship-mounted device, a pedestrian user equipment (PUE), a smart home (home appliances with wireless communication capabilities, such as refrigerators, televisions, washing machines, or furniture), a game console, a personal computer (PC), an ATM, or a self-service machine, or other terminal-side devices. Wearable devices include: smart watches, smart bracelets, smart headphones, smart glasses, smart jewelry (smart bracelets, smart bracelets, smart rings, smart necklaces, smart anklets, smart anklets, etc.), smart wristbands, smart clothing, etc. Among them, the vehicle-mounted device can also be called a vehicle-mounted terminal, a vehicle-mounted controller, a vehicle-mounted module, a vehicle-mounted component, a vehicle-mounted chip or a vehicle-mounted unit, etc. It should be noted that the specific type of the terminal 11 is not limited in the embodiment of the present application. The network side device 12 may include an access network device or a core network device, wherein the access network device may also be called a radio access network (Radio Access Network, RAN) device, a radio access network function or a radio access network unit. The access network device may include a base station, a wireless local area network (WLAN) access point (AS) or a wireless fidelity (WiFi) node, etc.Among them, the base station can be referred to as Node B (NB), Evolved Node B (eNB), the next generation Node B (gNB), New Radio Node B (NR Node B), access point, Relay Base Station (RBS), Serving Base Station (SBS), Base Transceiver Station (BTS), radio base station, radio transceiver, Basic Service Set (BSS), Extended Service Set (ESS), Home Node B (HNB), Home evolved Node B (home evolved Node B), Transmission Reception Point (TRP) or other appropriate terms in the relevant field. As long as the same technical effect is achieved, the base station is not limited to specific technical vocabulary. It should be noted that in the embodiment of the present application, only the base station in the NR system is used as an example for introduction, and the specific type of the base station is not limited.

[0047] The core network device may include but is not limited to at least one of the following: core network node, core network function, mobility management entity (MME), access mobility management function (AMF), session management function (SMF), user plane function (UPF), policy control function (PCF), policy and charging rules function unit (PCRF), edge application server discovery function (EASDF), unified data management (UDM), unified data storage (UDR), home user server (HSS), centralized network configuration (CNC), network storage function (NRF), network exposure function (NEF), local NEF (L-NEF), binding support function (BNSF), network access function (UE ... Function, BSF), Application Function (AF), Location Management Function (LMF), etc. It should be noted that in the embodiment of the present application, only the core network device in the NR system is introduced as an example, and the specific type of the core network device is not limited.

[0048] The signal measurement method, apparatus, device, and storage medium provided in the embodiments of the present application are described in detail below with reference to some embodiments and their application scenarios in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0049] FIG2 is a flow chart of a signal measurement method according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG2 , the signal measurement method includes:

[0050] Step 200: The second device measures a first signal from the first device;

[0051] It can be understood that the first device sends the first signal to the second device, and the second device measures the first signal.

[0052] Optionally, the first signal is a backscattered signal or a non-backscattered signal.

[0053] Optionally, when the first device is an environmental Internet of Things device, the first signal is a backscatter signal, where the backscatter signal is a backscatter signal of a continuous wave or carrier from the second device or other devices.

[0054] Optionally, when the first signal is a backscatter signal, the first device is a tag and the second device is a reader.

[0055] It should be noted that in radio frequency identification (RFID) technology, a tag is a radio device used to identify and track items. An RFID tag consists of a chip and an antenna and can communicate with a reader via radio frequency signals. The tag in the embodiments of this application can also be other Ambient IoT devices used for identification.

[0056] It should be noted that a reader generally refers to a reading device, a hardware device used to capture or read information such as RFID tags, barcodes, QR codes, etc. In this application, a reader is called a reader and is used to refer to a device that can read information.

[0057] In this application, reader can also be represented as:

[0058] Scanner: Usually used to refer to a device that reads barcodes or QR codes;

[0059] Reader / Writer: If the device has the capability to both read and write information.

[0060] RFID reader: This term can be used to refer specifically to a reading device used for RFID technology.

[0061] Sensor: In some cases, especially in RFID technology, a "reader" can also be called a sensor because it senses the tag through a wireless signal.

[0062] Optionally, when the first device is an environmental Internet of Things device, the first signal is a backscattered signal, the first signal includes one of OOK, ASK, FSK, and PSK modulated signals, or the first signal is a signal dedicated to determining or positioning proximity relationship information.

[0063] It is understandable that the type of the first signal includes but is not limited to simple modulated signals such as On-Off Keying (OOK), Amplitude Shift Keying (ASK), Frequency Shift Keying (FSK), and Phase Shift Keying (PSK). The first signal can be an ordinary signal or a signal dedicated to proximity determination or positioning.

[0064] Optionally, when the first signal is a backscattered signal, the method further includes:

[0065] The second device transmits a continuous wave to the first device, and the first signal is transmitted based on the continuous wave.

[0066] It can be understood that before the first device sends the first signal, the first device receives a continuous wave (CW, continuous wave, or carrier wave) from the second device and sends the first signal according to the CW.

[0067] Optionally, before sending the first signal, the first device receives a CW sent by devices other than the second device.

[0068] Optionally, when the first signal is a non-backscattered signal, the first device is a reader and the second device is a tag.

[0069] Optionally, when the first signal is a non-backscattered signal, the type of the first signal includes one of the following:

[0070] Multi-carrier OOK signal based on Orthogonal frequency division multiplex (OFDM);

[0071] Single carrier OOK signal;

[0072] a second modulated signal.

[0073] Optionally, the second modulation signal includes: double-sideband amplitude-shift keying (DSB-ASK), single-sideband amplitude-shift keying (SSB-ASK) or phase-reversal amplitude shift keying (PR-ASK) modulation signals.

[0074] Optionally, the second device is a terminal or a network-side device, such as a reader; and the first device is an ambient IoT device, such as a tag.

[0075] Among them, Ambient IoT devices are devices that can perceive, connect and interact. They can communicate with other devices and systems through IoT technology and make corresponding reactions or decisions based on the surrounding environmental conditions.

[0076] Ambient IoT devices can be referred to as A-IoT devices. In this application, Ambient IoT devices are also referred to as 'tags'.

[0077] Related A-IoT research characterizes ambient IoT devices based on their energy storage capacity and their ability to generate radio frequency signals for transmission. A-IoT devices have one of the following energy storage capabilities:

[0078] Storage Capacity 1: No ability to store energy.

[0079] Storage capacity 2: Energy can be stored up to E1 or E2 joules, where it is possible that E1 = E2

[0080] Storage capacity 3: Energy can be stored up to E2 joules

[0081] Depending on the storage capacity, A-IoT devices include but are not limited to the following types of devices:

[0082] Device type A: No energy storage, no independent signal generation / amplification, i.e. backscatter transmission.

[0083] Device type B: has energy storage but no independent signal generation, i.e., backscatter transmission. Utilization of stored energy may include amplification of the reflected signal.

[0084] Device type C: has energy storage and independent signal generation, i.e., active RF components for transmission.

[0085] Devices with different energy storage capacities also affect their transmission quality. Generally, devices with higher energy storage also have higher receive sensitivity or higher transmit power, which means that the reliability of the receive or transmit link can be better guaranteed.

[0086] The main data / business types of A-IoT include:

[0087] DO: Device-originated. DO devices usually send various data, requests, or instructions, which are initiated by the device itself.

[0088] DT: Device-terminated, DO devices usually receive instructions, data or requests from other devices or systems, that is, the reception is terminated by the device;

[0089] DO traffic includes DO autonomous (DO-A), and DO device-terminated triggered (DO-DTT).

[0090] Among them, DO and DT data represent data flows originating from A-IoT devices (similar to RFID tags) or transmitted to A-IoT devices.

[0091] Data streams originating from A-IoT devices, namely DO data, can be further categorized as follows:

[0092] 1) DO-A, that is, A-IoT devices independently initiate data transmission.

[0093] For example, connecting a large number of various sensors that collect and, when necessary, actively report information about the environment, equipment, and organisms.

[0094] 2) DO-DTT, where a reader device such as a base station triggers an A-IoT device to initiate data transmission.

[0095] For example, asset identification, status reporting, and tracking are all DL-triggered reports, where the reader collects data from the tag by triggering the inventory process. Since the data is generated / initiated in the A-IoT device, this service should be considered as a DO service initiated by the tag triggered by the reader-side control command.

[0096] Step 201: The second device sends a first measurement result to a third device or the first device, or the second device determines location-related information of the second device and the first device;

[0097] The first measurement result is obtained by the second device based on measurement of the first signal. The location-related information includes at least one of the following: proximity relationship information, location information of the first device, and location information of the second device.

[0098] It should be noted that sending can also be expressed as reporting.

[0099] It can be understood that the second device sends the first measurement result to the third device or the first device, and the first measurement result is used by the third device or the first device to determine the location-related information of the second device and the first device, that is, to determine the proximity information between the second device and the first device, or to determine the location information of the first device, or to determine the location information of the second device.

[0100] Optionally, the third device is a device that can determine the proximity relationship information between the second device and the first device or the location information of the first device or the second device based on the first measurement result, for example, a location server (or location management function (LMF)), or a location service terminal (location server UE).

[0101] Optionally, the second device determines proximity relationship information or distance between the second device and the first device, or location information of the first device or the second device based on measurement.

[0102] Optionally, the first measurement result includes at least one of the following: received power, path loss, information used to determine the location-related information, and measurement quality;

[0103] Optionally, the information used to determine the location-related information includes at least one of the following:

[0104] a calculated distance result between the first device and the second device;

[0105] Direct path LOS / indirect path NLOS indication.

[0106] It's understandable that, in addition to received power, given that the reader is both transmitting and receiving, it can directly calculate path loss based on its own received and transmitted power. Therefore, it can directly report path loss as a measurement instead of received power. Furthermore, the reader can further calculate the distance d between the reader and the tag using the path loss formula. Therefore, the reader can also use distance d as a measurement.

[0107] In addition, the reader can also indicate direct path LOS / indirect path NLOS or measure quality as a measurement quantity.

[0108] The measurement quality is the quality of the corresponding measurement result reported by the second device, such as the measurement quality of received power, the measurement quality of path loss, the measurement quality of the distance between the first device and the second device, and the measurement quality (or confidence) of the direct path (Line of Sight, LOS) / non-direct path (Non-Line of Sight, NLOS) indication.

[0109] In the signal measurement method provided in the embodiment of the present application, a second device measures a first signal from a first device and sends a first measurement result to a third device or the first device, or the second device determines position-related information of the second device and the first device, thereby determining the proximity or position of the Ambient IoT device, thereby achieving positioning of the Ambient IoT device.

[0110] In the related art, a method for determining the proximity relationship between a tag and a reader or the tag position is based on the receiving power of the reader. For example, a continuous wave (CW) is sent to the tag by the reader, and after the tag receives the CW, it performs backscattering, and the reader measures the receiving power of the backscattered signal. Furthermore, the proximity relationship between the reader and the tag or the tag position is determined based on the receiving power of the backscattered signal. Among them, the signal fed back by the tag is most likely an OOK signal, but the receiving power of the OOK signal is not defined in the relevant protocol (the receiving power defined in the relevant protocol is based on the OFDM architecture), which makes it impossible to clarify the power reporting content. In order to solve the above problems, this application provides a definition of the receiving power in the code domain.

[0111] Optionally, the received power includes at least one of the following:

[0112] Total received power, the total received power including at least one of the following: received power of a useful or specific signal / channel, interference power, and noise power;

[0113] The received power of the wanted or specific signal / channel;

[0114] signal-to-noise ratio;

[0115] The received power of the target path, where the target path includes one of the following: the first path, the path with the highest power, the path indicated by the network or agreed upon by the protocol, and the path independently selected by the second device.

[0116] The total received power is described below.

[0117] Total received power, including at least one of the following: received power of useful or specific signals / channels, interference power, and noise power.

[0118] Furthermore, the total received power is expressed as a received signal strength indicator (RSSI) or a received signal strength (RSS).

[0119] Optionally, the interference power includes but is not limited to: interference from other devices and self-interference of the second device itself.

[0120] Other devices such as other readers, tags, base stations, UEs, etc.

[0121] Optionally, interference from other devices may be referred to as cross link interference.

[0122] Optionally, the noise includes at least one of thermal noise and noise generated by a receiving device.

[0123] Optionally, the total received power includes the received power, interference power, and noise power of a useful or specific signal / channel received by the receiver within the target time and / or within the target bandwidth.

[0124] Furthermore, the target time includes one of the following: chip time; duration of a chip sequence; symbol time.

[0125] Chip time, that is, the total received power is the total received power per chip time. Chip time can be: the duration of an OOK signal 1 or 0, or the duration of a Miller code 1 or 0, or the duration of an FM0 code 1 or 0, or the on+off period, or 1 / BLF. BLF is the backscatter-link frequency.

[0126] The duration of a chip sequence. For example, if a chip sequence is composed of many '0' and '1' symbols, the duration is the total duration of all '0' and '1' symbols. Optionally, the chip sequence duration can be indicated by the network or agreed upon by the protocol.

[0127] Symbol time: The symbol time of the Ambient IoT system, as agreed upon by the protocol or indicated by the network. For example, OFDM symbol time (for example, if the first signal received by the second device is an OFDM multi-carrier OOK signal, then the symbol time is the OFDM symbol time).

[0128] Furthermore, the target bandwidth includes one of the following: receiver pulse shaping filter bandwidth; transmit pulse shaping filter bandwidth; receiver low-pass filter bandwidth; baseband filter bandwidth; RF filter bandwidth; intermediate frequency filter bandwidth; bandwidth of useful or specific signal / channel; bandwidth related to data rate.

[0129] Optionally, data rate and BLF are related to the encoding method.

[0130] Optionally, the bandwidth may be agreed upon by a protocol or indicated by a network.

[0131] Optionally, the frequency corresponding to the total received power includes one of the following:

[0132] Carrier frequency;

[0133] Carrier frequency +BLF and carrier frequency -BLF;

[0134] Carrier frequency + BLF;

[0135] Carrier frequency-BLF.

[0136] Among them, + represents addition, - represents subtraction, and the two frequency points of carrier frequency point -BLF and carrier frequency point +BLF can be expressed as carrier frequency point +-BLF.

[0137] Optionally, in addition to the above frequency points, the frequency points also include carrier frequency point +-N BLF (i.e., carrier frequency point +N BLF and carrier frequency point -N BLF), carrier frequency point +N BLF, carrier frequency point -N BLF. That is, the power is measured based on one of the Nth harmonics, N>1.

[0138] Optionally, the total received power is obtained by one of the following linear averaging methods:

[0139] 1) Linearly average the received power measured within multiple target times;

[0140] That is, the power measured within a single target time can be obtained by averaging the power measured within multiple target times. Optionally, the multiple target times are target times where a bit is '1', or the multiple target times are target times that include a bit being '1' or '1'.

[0141] 2) Linearly average the received power of multiple target paths in the correlation spectrum;

[0142] That is, the received power can be obtained by linearly averaging the received powers of multiple target paths in the correlation spectrum.

[0143] Optionally, performing linear averaging on the received powers of multiple target paths in the correlation spectrum includes:

[0144] The total power of multiple paths in the correlation spectrum divided by the length of the codeword sequence;

[0145] The total power of multiple paths in the correlation spectrum divided by the total number of paths.

[0146] The correlation spectrum can also be expressed as a "time domain sampling spectrum".

[0147] 3) Perform linear averaging on the frequency domain sampling points.

[0148] That is, it can be obtained by linear averaging of frequency domain sampling points.

[0149] Optionally, the reference point is an antenna connector of the receiving device. Optionally, if the receiving device uses receive diversity, the reported power value is not less than the power of any individual receive antenna branches.

[0150] The received power of a useful or specific signal / channel is described below.

[0151] The useful signal / channel received power can be expressed as received signal code power (RSCP) or received signal channel power (RSCP) or reference signal received power (RSRP).

[0152] Optionally, the reception power of the useful or specific signal / channel includes: the reception power of the useful or specific signal / channel received by the receiver within a target time and / or within a target bandwidth.

[0153] Furthermore, the target time and target bandwidth refer to the description in the aforementioned “total received power” and will not be repeated here.

[0154] For example, if the target time is the chip time, the useful signal / channel received power is the received power per chip time.

[0155] Optionally, the frequency corresponding to the received power of the useful or specific signal / channel can refer to the description of the frequency corresponding to the aforementioned total received power, which will not be repeated here.

[0156] Optionally, the received power of the useful or specific signal / channel is obtained by one of the following linear average (linear average of the total received power):

[0157] 1) Take the average of the power of the codes measured within multiple target times;

[0158] That is, the power of the code measured within a single target time may be obtained by averaging the powers of the codes measured within multiple target times.

[0159] 2) Linearly average the received power of multiple target paths in the correlation spectrum;

[0160] Optionally, the received power is obtained by dividing the total power of multiple paths greater than a threshold in the correlation spectrum by the total number of paths, or the total power of multiple paths greater than a threshold by the number of paths greater than a threshold, or the total power of multiple paths greater than a threshold by the length of the codeword sequence.

[0161] 3) Perform linear averaging on the frequency domain sampling points of the useful signal.

[0162] Optionally, if transmit diversity is used, the power of each transmit antenna should be measured independently and reported separately; or, the power of each transmit antenna should be measured independently and summed to obtain the total power before reporting.

[0163] Optionally, the reference point is an antenna connector of the receiving device.

[0164] Optionally, if receive diversity is used, the reported power value is not less than the power of any individual receive antenna branches.

[0165] Optionally, the useful signal / channel may be a chip sequence.

[0166] The signal-to-noise ratio is described below.

[0167] The signal-to-noise ratio can be expressed as SNR (Signal-to-Noise Ratio), Signal-to-Interference plus Noise Ratio (SINR), the ratio of signal energy to single-sided noise power spectral density (E / N0), and Reference Signal Received Quality (RSRQ).

[0168] The signal-to-noise ratio includes one of the following:

[0169] 1) The ratio of the useful signal received power to the power density within the target bandwidth;

[0170] In one implementation, the power (or energy) received per chip is divided by the power density in the band.

[0171] 2) The ratio of useful signal received power to total received power;

[0172] 3) The ratio of useful signal received power to noise power;

[0173] 4) The ratio of the useful signal received power to the sum of the noise power and the interference power;

[0174] That is, signal-to-noise ratio = useful signal received power / (noise power + interference power)

[0175] 5) The ratio of the useful signal received power to the difference between the total received power and the useful signal received power.

[0176] That is, signal-to-noise ratio = useful signal received power / (total received power - useful signal received power).

[0177] Here, the useful signal may also be expressed as a useful or specific signal / channel.

[0178] Optionally, if receive diversity is used, the signal-to-noise ratio cannot be lower than the signal-to-noise ratio of any individual receive antenna branches.

[0179] The following describes the received power of the target path.

[0180] The received power of the target path can be expressed as path-RSCP (Received signal code power, or Received signal channel power) or path-RSRP (Reference signal received power).

[0181] Optionally, the target path includes one of the following:

[0182] First diameter;

[0183] The most powerful diameter;

[0184] Path indicated by the network or agreed upon in the protocol;

[0185] The second device independently selects the path.

[0186] Optionally, the receiving power of the target path includes: the receiving power of a useful or specific signal / channel received by the receiver on the target path within a target time and / or within a target bandwidth.

[0187] Furthermore, the target time and target bandwidth can refer to the description in the aforementioned “total received power” and will not be repeated here.

[0188] One implementation manner: if the target time is a chip time, the useful signal / channel received power is the received power per chip time.

[0189] Optionally, the frequency corresponding to the received power of the target path can refer to the description of the frequency corresponding to the aforementioned "total received power", which will not be repeated here.

[0190] Optionally, the received power of the target path is obtained by one of the following linear averaging methods:

[0191] 1) Take the average of the received power of the paths measured within multiple target times;

[0192] That is, the received power of a path measured within a single target time may be obtained by averaging the received powers of paths measured within multiple target times.

[0193] 2) Linearly average the received power of the target path in the correlation spectrum;

[0194] Optionally, performing linear averaging on the received power of the target path in the relevant spectrum includes:

[0195] The received power of the target path in the correlation spectrum divided by the total number of paths;

[0196] The received power of the target path divided by the length of the codeword sequence;

[0197] The received power of the target path is divided by the total number of paths that are greater than the threshold.

[0198] 3) Performing linear averaging on the frequency domain sampling points corresponding to the target path.

[0199] Optionally, if transmit diversity is used, the power of each transmit antenna should be measured independently and reported separately; or, the power of each transmit antenna should be measured independently and summed to obtain the total power before reporting.

[0200] Optionally, the reference point is an antenna connector of a receiver of the second device.

[0201] The signal measurement method provided in the embodiment of the present application defines the receiving power of the code domain, so that the proximity relationship information between the second device and the first device can be determined based on the receiving power of the OOK signal, or the location information of the first device or the second device can be determined, thereby improving positioning efficiency.

[0202] The path loss is described below.

[0203] Optionally, the path loss includes one of the following:

[0204] a round-trip path loss between the second device and the first device;

[0205] A one-way path loss between the second device and the first device.

[0206] Optionally, the path loss is a round trip path loss, and the round trip path loss is determined based on one of the following:

[0207] The ratio or difference (in dB) between the second device receive power and the second device transmit power;

[0208] The ratio or difference between the receiving power of the second device and the transmitting power of the second device, the ratio or difference between the receiving power of the second device and the transmitting power of the second device minus the first antenna gain, where the first antenna gain is the sum of the receiving / transmitting antenna gain of the first device and the receiving / transmitting antenna gain of the second device.

[0209] It should be noted that “receive / transmit” means “receive and / or transmit.” Furthermore, if the transmit and receive antenna gains are not differentiated, or the transmit and receive antenna gains are the same, “transmit and receive antenna gains” are uniformly referred to as “antenna gain.”

[0210] Optionally, the receiving / transmitting antenna gain is sent by the first device to the second device.

[0211] Optionally, if the antenna gain and / or transmit power of the first device or the second device is a fixed value, they need to interact with each other, or interact with a third device regarding antenna gain and / or transmit power.

[0212] Optionally, the path loss is a single trip path loss (single trip), and the single trip path loss is determined based on one of the following:

[0213] a ratio or difference between the second device's receive power and the first device's transmit power;

[0214] The ratio or difference between the second device receiving power and the first device transmitting power minus the second antenna gain, where the second antenna gain is the sum of the first device transmitting antenna gain and the second device receiving antenna gain.

[0215] It should be noted that when the path loss is a one-way path loss, or the first device can determine the sending signal power, if the first device is a tag, it should be a tag with stronger capabilities, such as a device type C tag.

[0216] Optionally, at least one of the transmitting antenna gain and the transmitting power is sent by the first device to the second device.

[0217] Optionally, the type of received power in the above path loss calculation includes: total received power, or received power of a useful or specific signal / channel, or received power of a target path.

[0218] For understanding of the total received power, or the received power of a useful or specific signal / channel, or the received power of a path, reference may be made to the description in the aforementioned embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0219] Optionally, the type of received power is determined according to network instructions or protocol agreements.

[0220] Optionally, the second device reports the path loss and does not need to report the received power.

[0221] The signal measurement method provided in the embodiment of the present application defines path loss, so that the proximity relationship information between the second device and the first device can be determined based on the path loss, or the location information of the first device or the second device can be determined, thereby improving positioning efficiency.

[0222] The calculation result of the distance between the first device and the second device is described below.

[0223] Optionally, the distance calculation result between the first device and the second device is obtained by calculating in one of the following ways:

[0224] Calculated according to the received power of the second device;

[0225] The signal is obtained by calculation based on the round-trip time taken for the second device to receive the first signal.

[0226] Optionally, the distance between the first device and the second device is calculated according to the received power of the second device using the following formula:

[0227] Round trip:

[0228] Among them, P RX,reader is the reader receiving power, P TX,reader is the reader transmission power, η is the tag power transfer efficiency factor (power transfer efficiency), G tagis the tag antenna gain, G reader is the reader antenna gain, λ is the wavelength, d is the distance between the reader and the tag, and n is the path loss factor.

[0229] Single trip:

[0230] Among them, P RX,reader is the reader receiving power, P TX,tag is the tag transmission power, G tag is the tag antenna gain, G reader is the reader antenna gain, λ is the wavelength, and d is the distance between the reader and the tag.

[0231] Optionally, based on the power calculation, the first device sends at least one of the transmitting antenna gain, the receiving antenna gain, and the transmitting power to the second device.

[0232] Optionally, the method further includes at least one of the following:

[0233] A calculation method for sending, by the second device, the distance calculation result to the third device or the first device, the calculation method including: based on power measurement or based on time measurement;

[0234] Alternatively, the second device sends the measurement quality of the distance calculation result to the third device or the first device.

[0235] Optionally, the second device sends the distance calculation result d between the first device and the second device to the third device or the first device, and there is no need to report the receiving power and the path loss.

[0236] The signal measurement method provided in the embodiment of the present application can determine the proximity relationship information between the second device and the first device based on the distance calculation result between the first device and the second device, or determine the location information of the first device or the second device, thereby improving positioning efficiency.

[0237] Optionally, the second device sending the first measurement result to a third device or the first device includes one of the following:

[0238] Each time the second device successfully detects the first device or the first signal, the second device sends a corresponding measurement result to the third device or the first device;

[0239] Sending to a third device or the first device the number M of successful detections of the first device or the first signal within the time range T or the total number of detections N, and a measurement result corresponding to each successful detection of the first device or the first signal;

[0240] The number M of successful detections of the first device or the first signal within the time range T or the total number of detections N, and a measurement result are sent to the third device or the first device.

[0241] It can be understood that each time the second device successfully detects the first device or the first signal, it reports the corresponding measurement result to the third device or the first device. The measurement result here is the first measurement result in the aforementioned embodiment and will not be repeated here.

[0242] Optionally, the single measurement result is obtained based on joint processing of M measurement results, or the single measurement result is a most recent measurement result;

[0243] The joint processing includes one of the following: taking an average, taking a median, taking a maximum value, taking a minimum value, and taking an average of K measurement results among the M measurement results.

[0244] Optionally, the K measurement results among the M measurement results include: taking the largest K results, the smallest K results among the M measurement results, removing the K results with the largest or smallest values ​​among the M measurement results, etc.

[0245] Wherein, M, N, and K are all positive integers greater than 1.

[0246] Optionally, the method further comprises:

[0247] The second device sends identification information associated with the first measurement result to the third device or the first device, so that the third device or the first device can distinguish between multiple measurement results reported by the second device;

[0248] The identification information includes at least one of the following:

[0249] a first signal identifier;

[0250] a first timestamp, where the first timestamp is used to identify a time when the first signal is measured;

[0251] The receiving antenna identifier of the second device.

[0252] If the second device receives the first signal through multiple antennas and reports the measurement results of each of the multiple antennas, different measurement results can be distinguished by the receiving antenna identifier.

[0253] Optionally, the multiple antennas may be distributed antennas.

[0254] Optionally, multiple antennas can be expressed as "antenna reference points", namely ARP, and the receiving antenna identifier can also be expressed as ARP ID.

[0255] In the signal measurement method provided in the embodiment of the present application, the second device reports identification information associated with the first measurement result, which can facilitate the third device or the first device to distinguish multiple measurement results reported by the second device, thereby improving positioning efficiency.

[0256] Optionally, the method further includes:

[0257] When the second device successfully detects the first signal, the second device sends at least one of the first device information, the number of successful detections of the first device, and the success rate of detection of the first device to the third device or the first device.

[0258] At least one of the first device information, the number of successful detections of the first device, and the success rate of detection of the first device is used to determine location-related information of the second device and the first device.

[0259] Optionally, the second device reads the first signal, and reports the first device information contained in the first signal to the third device or the first device.

[0260] Optionally, the first device information includes at least one of the following: ID of the first device, encoding mode, BLF, modulation mode, and active / passive indication.

[0261] The first device information is mainly used to identify the first device. In addition to ID information, it includes encoding mode, FM0, Miller (M=2 / 4 / 8), BLF (here it is assumed that the reader indicates multiple BLFs to the tag), modulation, and whether it is active or passive, which can distinguish tags.

[0262] Optionally, the number of successful detections of the first device includes: a number M of successful detections of the first device within a time range T or a total number of detections N;

[0263] The first device detection success rate includes: a ratio of the number M of successful detections of the first device to the total number N of detections within a time range T or a total number N of detections.

[0264] It is understandable that the second device analyzes the first signal and reports the number M of successful detections of the first device within the time range T or the total number of detections N or the detection success rate to the third device or the first device.

[0265] Optionally, the second device successfully detecting the first device may also be expressed as “the second device successfully receives feedback information from the first device”, or “the second device successfully inventories the first device”.

[0266] Optionally, the time range T is 1 window;

[0267] The configuration of the window includes at least one of: window length, window start time and window period. Alternatively, the window is non-periodic and the window start time is an offset relative to a reference time.

[0268] Optionally, in the total number of detections N, the time configuration of the first detection is determined by at least one of a network indication (such as an indication from a third device), a protocol agreement, and selection of the second device.

[0269] Optionally, the first detection time can be periodic, with the first detection time configuration including the period and the starting position. Each period detects N times. Alternatively, the first detection time can be aperiodic, with the first detection time being an offset relative to a reference time.

[0270] Optionally, the time range T or the total number of detection times N is determined by at least one of a network indication (such as an indication from a third device), a protocol agreement, and a selection by the second device.

[0271] Optionally, the method further includes:

[0272] The second device sends a second timestamp associated with the number of successful detections of the first device or the success rate of detections of the first device to the third device or the first device.

[0273] Optionally, at least one of the first device information, the number of first device detection successes, and the first device detection success rate is included in the same reporting unit as the first measurement result and reported.

[0274] The signal measurement method provided in the embodiment of the present application sends at least one of the first device information, the number of successful detections of the first device, and the success rate of the first device detection to the third device or the first device when the first signal is successfully detected. By introducing the first device information, the number of successful detections, or the success rate, and combining it with the measurement-based method, the positioning accuracy can be improved.

[0275] Optionally, before the second device sends the first measurement result to the third device or the first device, the method further includes:

[0276] The second device receives first indication information from the third device or the first device, where the first indication information is used to indicate content reported by the second device.

[0277] For example, the first indication information instructs the second device to perform receiving power measurement and report the receiving power; or, the first indication information instructs the second device to report the first device information and report the corresponding receiving power; or, the first indication information instructs the second device to report the first device information, and report the number of successful detections / success rate, and report the corresponding receiving power.

[0278] The signal measurement method provided in the embodiment of the present application, in which the second device performs corresponding reporting according to the instruction from the third device or the first device, can improve positioning efficiency or positioning accuracy.

[0279] Optionally, the method further includes:

[0280] The second device sends first positioning assistance information to the third device or the first device, and the first positioning assistance information includes at least one of the following: the second device transmission power, the second device receiving / transmitting antenna gain, and the product of the second device transmission power and the second device receiving / transmitting antenna gain.

[0281] The first positioning assistance information is used by the third device or the first device to determine proximity relationship information between the second device and the first device, or location information of the first device or the second device.

[0282] Optionally, at least one of the second device transmit power, the second device transmit / receive antenna gain, and the product of the second device transmit power and the second device transmit / receive antenna gain may be reported together with the first measurement result.

[0283] In one implementation mode, if the distance is determined by a round trip method, at least one of the second device transmit power, the second device receive antenna gain, and the second device transmit antenna gain needs to be reported to the third device or the first device.

[0284] One implementation method: If the distance is determined by a single trip method, it is necessary to report the receiving antenna gain of the second device to the third device or the first device.

[0285] The signal measurement method provided in the embodiment of the present application can improve positioning accuracy by sending at least one of the second device's transmit power, the second device's receive / transmit antenna gain, and the product of the second device's transmit power and the second device's receive / transmit antenna gain to a third device or the first device, and can be combined with the measurement results.

[0286] Consider a situation where a third device (such as a location server) or a second device (such as a reader) determines the proximity information between a first device (such as a tag) and a second device, or the location of the first device, based on power. In addition to power information, the calculation end (i.e., the third device or second device) needs to know parameters such as the equivalent reflection coefficient of the first device itself. However, given the limited reporting capability and reporting overhead of the first device, the equivalent reflection coefficient can be notified to the third device or second device through a combination of predefined and implicit indications.

[0287] Optionally, the method further includes:

[0288] The second device receives the equivalent reflection coefficient from the first device;

[0289] Alternatively, the second device receives the equivalent reflection coefficient from the first device, and sends the equivalent reflection coefficient to the third device;

[0290] The equivalent reflection coefficient is used to determine position-related information of the second device and the first device.

[0291] It can be understood that the second device receives the equivalent reflection coefficient reported by the first device, and the equivalent reflection coefficient is used by the second device to determine proximity relationship information between the second device and the first device, or location information of the first device or the second device;

[0292] Alternatively, the second device receives the equivalent reflection coefficient reported by the first device, and sends the equivalent reflection coefficient to a third device, so that the third device can determine the proximity relationship information between the second device and the first device, or the location information of the first device or the second device.

[0293] In the signal measurement method provided in the embodiment of the present application, the second device determines the proximity relationship information between the second device and the first device, or the position information of the first device or the second device by receiving the equivalent reflection coefficient, thereby improving positioning accuracy.

[0294] Optionally, the equivalent reflection coefficient is related to at least one of the first device's transmit / receive antenna gain, the first device's power transmission efficiency factor, and the first device's reflection amplification coefficient.

[0295] Optionally, the power transfer efficiency factor is also called return loss or reflectivity.

[0296] Optionally, the power transmission efficiency factor is equal to the ratio of the received power to the transmitted power (or the ratio of the transmitted power to the received power).

[0297] Optionally, the power transmission efficiency factor may take into account the reflection amplification factor, that is, the reflection loss and the reflection amplification factor. In this case, the reflection amplification factor is not reflected separately.

[0298] Optionally, if the first device has a reflection amplification capability (such as a power amplifier PA), the equivalent reflection coefficient includes a reflection amplification coefficient; otherwise, the reflection amplification coefficient is not included, or the reflection amplification coefficient is set to 1.

[0299] In one implementation manner, the equivalent reflection coefficient is equal to the power transmission efficiency factor*the receiving antenna gain*the transmitting antenna gain*the reflection amplification coefficient.

[0300] If the receiving antenna gain = the transmitting antenna gain, collectively referred to as the antenna gain, then the equivalent reflection coefficient is equal to the power transmission efficiency factor * the square of the antenna gain * the reflection amplification factor.

[0301] If the antenna gain is 1, the equivalent reflection coefficient is equal to the power transmission efficiency factor * reflection amplification factor.

[0302] In one implementation manner, the equivalent reflection coefficient is equal to the power transmission efficiency factor*the receiving antenna gain*the transmitting antenna gain.

[0303] It is assumed here that the first device has no reflection amplification capability, that is, does not include a reflection amplification coefficient, or the reflection amplification coefficient is set to 1; or, it is assumed that the reflection amplification coefficient has been considered in addition to the reflection loss in the power transmission efficiency factor.

[0304] If the receiving antenna gain = the transmitting antenna gain, collectively referred to as the antenna gain, then the equivalent reflection coefficient is equal to the power transmission efficiency factor * the square of the antenna gain.

[0305] If the antenna gain is 1, the equivalent reflection coefficient is equal to the power transmission efficiency factor.

[0306] In one implementation mode, the equivalent reflection coefficient is equal to the power transmission efficiency factor.

[0307] Here, it is assumed that the first device has no reflection amplification capability, that is, does not include a reflection amplification factor, or the reflection amplification factor is set to 1; or, it is assumed that the reflection amplification factor is already taken into account in addition to the reflection loss in the power transmission efficiency factor;

[0308] Furthermore, it is assumed here that the antenna gain is 1, or there is no antenna gain.

[0309] Optionally, the equivalent reflection coefficient is also called "effective signal gain".

[0310] Optionally, the equivalent reflection coefficient is related to the capability or type of the first device.

[0311] Optionally, the reporting method of the equivalent reflection coefficient includes one of the following:

[0312] explicitly or implicitly sending a capability level indication (equivalent reflection coefficient level or identifier) ​​corresponding to the first device;

[0313] The value of the equivalent reflection coefficient is sent.

[0314] It can be understood that the capability level (equivalent reflection coefficient level or identifier) ​​of the first device is predefined or preconfigured, different capability levels (equivalent reflection coefficient levels or identifiers) correspond to different equivalent reflection coefficients, and the capability level indication corresponding to the first device is used to identify the equivalent reflection coefficient of the first device.

[0315] The capability level indication is explicitly sent, for example, by being reported in the capability information of the first device, or carried in the first device data sent to the second device or the third device.

[0316] Among them, the capability level indication is implicitly sent, such as through specific Tag information, a specific backscatter signal format / sequence, or a specific electronic product code, or a specific data packet cyclic redundancy check, or a specific protocol control word, or a specific 16-bit random number, etc.

[0317] The signal measurement method provided in the embodiment of the present application can improve positioning accuracy while minimizing additional overhead by reporting the equivalent reflection coefficient to the third device or the second device through a predefined combined with implicit indication method.

[0318] In some embodiments, the method further comprises:

[0319] The second device receives second positioning assistance information from the first device;

[0320] Alternatively, the second device receives the second positioning assistance information from the first device, and sends the second positioning assistance information to the third device;

[0321] The second positioning assistance information includes at least one of the following: the transmission power of the first device, the receiving / transmitting antenna gain of the first device, the power transmission efficiency factor of the first device, and the reflection amplification coefficient of the first device.

[0322] It can be understood that the second device receives at least one of the first device transmit power, the first device transmit / receive antenna gain, the first device power transmission efficiency factor, and the first device reflection amplification coefficient reported by the first device, for the second device to determine proximity relationship information between the second device and the first device, or location information of the first device or the second device;

[0323] Alternatively, the second device receives at least one of the first device transmit power, the first device receive / transmit antenna gain, the first device power transmission efficiency factor and the first device reflection amplification coefficient reported by the first device, and sends at least one of the first device transmit power, the first device receive / transmit antenna gain, the first device power transmission efficiency factor and the first device reflection amplification coefficient to a third device, so that the third device determines the proximity relationship information between the second device and the first device, or the location information of the first device or the second device.

[0324] In one embodiment, if the distance is determined by round trip, the first device needs to report at least one of the first device receiving antenna gain, the first device transmitting antenna gain, the first device power transmission efficiency, and the reflection amplification factor to the third device.

[0325] In one implementation mode, if the distance is determined by a single trip method, the first device needs to report at least one of the first device transmit power, the first device transmit antenna gain, and the reflection amplification factor to the third device.

[0326] In one embodiment, the interaction between the first device and the third device may be forwarded by the second device, for example, transparently transmitted by the second device, or non-transparently (when the second device reports information, it also reports the information of the first device).

[0327] Optionally, the second positioning assistance information is sent in one of the following ways:

[0328] explicitly or implicitly sending a capability level indication corresponding to the first device, where the capability level indication is used to identify the second positioning assistance information;

[0329] Send the value of the second positioning assistance information.

[0330] The reporting method of the second positioning assistance information includes one of the following implementation modes:

[0331] Implementation method 1:

[0332] The tag capability level (or the second positioning assistance information level or identifier) ​​is predefined or preconfigured, and different capability levels (or the second positioning assistance information level or identifier) ​​correspond to different parameter values.

[0333] The first device explicitly or implicitly sends a capability level indication (or a second positioning assistance information level or identifier) ​​corresponding to the first device.

[0334] The capability level indication is explicitly sent, for example, by being reported in the capability information of the first device, or carried in the first device data sent to the second device or the third device.

[0335] Among them, the capability level indication is implicitly sent, such as through specific tag information, a specific backscatter signal format / sequence, or a specific electronic product code, or a specific data packet cyclic redundancy check, or a specific protocol control word, or a specific 16-bit random number, etc.

[0336] Implementation 2:

[0337] Report the value of each parameter.

[0338] The signal measurement method provided in the embodiment of the present application determines the proximity relationship information between the second device and the first device, or the location information of the first device or the second device based on at least one of the first device's transmit power, the first device's receive / transmit antenna gain, the first device's power transmission efficiency factor, and the first device's reflection amplification coefficient reported by the first device, thereby improving positioning accuracy.

[0339] FIG3 is a second flow chart of a signal measurement method provided in an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG3 , the signal measurement method includes:

[0340] Step 300: The first device sends a first signal, where the first signal is used by the second device to measure and obtain a first measurement result, where the first measurement result is used to determine location-related information of the second device and the first device.

[0341] The location-related information includes at least one of the following: proximity relationship information, location information of the first device, and location information of the second device.

[0342] It can be understood that the first device sends the first signal to the second device, and the second device measures the first signal.

[0343] Optionally, the first signal is a backscattered signal or a non-backscattered signal.

[0344] Optionally, when the first device is an environmental Internet of Things device, the first signal is a backscatter signal, where the backscatter signal is a backscatter signal of a continuous wave or carrier from the second device or other devices.

[0345] Optionally, when the first signal is a backscattered signal, the first device is a tag and the second device is a reader.

[0346] For an understanding of tag and reader, please refer to the description in the aforementioned embodiment.

[0347] Optionally, when the first device is an environmental Internet of Things device, the first signal is a backscattered signal, the first signal includes one of OOK, ASK, FSK, and PSK modulated signals, or the first signal is a signal dedicated to determining or positioning proximity relationship information.

[0348] It is understandable that the types of the first signal include but are not limited to simple modulated signals such as OOK, ASK, FSK, PSK, etc. The first signal can be an ordinary signal or a signal dedicated to proximity determination or positioning.

[0349] Optionally, when the first signal is a backscattered signal, the method further includes:

[0350] The first device receives a continuous wave from the second device, and the first signal is transmitted based on the continuous wave.

[0351] It can be understood that before the first device sends the first signal, the first device receives a continuous wave (CW, continuous wave, or carrier wave) sent by the second device and sends the first signal according to the CW.

[0352] Optionally, before sending the first signal, the first device receives a CW sent by devices other than the second device.

[0353] Optionally, when the first signal is a non-backscattered signal, the first device is a reader and the second device is a tag.

[0354] Optionally, when the first signal is a non-backscattered signal, the type of the first signal includes one of the following:

[0355] Multi-carrier on-off keying (OOK) signal based on orthogonal frequency division multiplex (OFDM);

[0356] Single carrier OOK signal;

[0357] a second modulated signal.

[0358] Optionally, the second modulation signal includes: DSB-ASK (Double-sideband amplitude-shift keying), SSB-ASK (Single-sideband amplitude-shift keying) or PR-ASK (Phase-reversal amplitude shift keying) modulation signals.

[0359] Optionally, the second device is a terminal or a network-side device, such as a reader; and the first device is an ambient IoT device, such as a tag.

[0360] For understanding of the Ambient IoT device, please refer to the description in the aforementioned embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0361] Optionally, the method further includes at least one of the following:

[0362] The first device receives the first measurement result;

[0363] Based on the first measurement result, position-related information of the second device and the first device is determined.

[0364] The first device may serve as a computing end and determine proximity relationship information between the second device and the first device, or determine location information of the first device or the second device based on the first measurement result.

[0365] Optionally, the first measurement result includes at least one of the following: received power, path loss, information used to determine the location-related information, and measurement quality;

[0366] Optionally, the information used to determine the location-related information includes at least one of the following:

[0367] a calculated distance result between the first device and the second device;

[0368] Direct path LOS / indirect path NLOS indication.

[0369] Optionally, the received power includes at least one of the following:

[0370] Total received power, the total received power including at least one of the following: received power of a useful or specific signal / channel, interference power, and noise power;

[0371] The received power of the wanted or specific signal / channel;

[0372] signal-to-noise ratio;

[0373] The received power of the target path, where the target path includes one of the following: the first path, the path with the highest power, the path indicated by the network or agreed upon by the protocol, and the path independently selected by the second device.

[0374] For understanding of the first measurement result and the received power, reference may be made to the description in the aforementioned embodiment, which will not be repeated here.

[0375] In the signal measurement method provided in the embodiments of the present application, a first device sends a first signal to a second device, and the second device sends the first measurement result to a third device or the first device by measuring the first signal from the first device, or the second device determines information related to the positions of the second device and the first device. This can determine the proximity or position of Ambient IoT devices, thereby achieving positioning of Ambient IoT devices.

[0376] Optionally, the method further comprises:

[0377] The first device receives identification information associated with the first measurement result from the second device, where the identification information is used to distinguish multiple measurement results sent by the second device;

[0378] The identification information includes at least one of the following:

[0379] a first signal identifier;

[0380] a first timestamp, where the first timestamp is used to identify a time when the first signal is measured;

[0381] a receiving antenna identifier of the second device.

[0382] If the second device receives the first signal through multiple antennas and reports the measurement results of each of the multiple antennas, different measurement results can be distinguished by the receiving antenna identifier.

[0383] Optionally, the multiple antennas may be distributed antennas.

[0384] Optionally, multiple antennas can be expressed as "antenna reference points", namely ARP, and the receiving antenna identifier can also be expressed as ARP ID.

[0385] In the signal measurement method provided in the embodiment of the present application, the second device reports identification information associated with the first measurement result, which can facilitate the third device or the first device to distinguish multiple measurement results reported by the second device, thereby improving positioning efficiency.

[0386] Optionally, the method further includes:

[0387] The first device receives at least one of the first device information, the number of first device detection successes, and the first device detection success rate sent by the second device.

[0388] Optionally, the second device successfully detects the first signal and reports the first device information contained in the first signal to the first device.

[0389] Optionally, the first device information includes at least one of the following: ID of the first device, encoding mode, BLF, modulation mode, and active / passive indication.

[0390] The first device information is mainly used to identify the first device. In addition to ID information, it includes encoding mode, FM0, Miller (M=2 / 4 / 8), BLF (here it is assumed that the reader indicates multiple BLFs to the tag), modulation, and whether it is active or passive, which can distinguish tags.

[0391] Optionally, the number of successful detections of the first device includes: a number M of successful detections of the first device within a time range T or a total number of detections N;

[0392] The first device detection success rate includes: a ratio of the number M of successful detections of the first device to the total number N of detections within a time range T or a total number N of detections.

[0393] It is understandable that the second device analyzes the first signal and reports the number M of successful detections of the first device within the time range T or the total number of detections N or the detection success rate to the first device.

[0394] Optionally, the second device successfully detecting the first device may also be expressed as “the second device successfully receives feedback information from the first device”, or “the second device successfully inventories the first device”.

[0395] Optionally, the time range T is 1 window;

[0396] The configuration of the window includes at least one of: window length, window start time and window period.

[0397] Optionally, in the total number of detections N, the time configuration of the first detection is determined by at least one of a network indication (such as an indication from a third device), a protocol agreement, and selection of the second device.

[0398] Optionally, the time of the first detection may be periodic, and the time configuration of the first detection includes a period and a starting position. Each period detects N times.

[0399] Optionally, the time range T or the total number of detection times N is determined by at least one of a network indication (such as an indication from a third device), a protocol agreement, and a selection by the second device.

[0400] Optionally, the method further includes:

[0401] A second timestamp associated with the number of successful detections of the first device or a success rate of detections of the first device is received.

[0402] Optionally, at least one of the first device information, the number of first device detection successes, and the first device detection success rate is included in the same reporting unit as the first measurement result and reported.

[0403] The signal measurement method provided in the embodiment of the present application assists in positioning the Ambient IoT device by receiving at least one of the first device information, the number of successful detections of the first device, and the success rate of detections of the first device reported by the second device, and by introducing the first device information, the number of successful detections, or the success rate, in combination with a measurement-based method to improve positioning accuracy.

[0404] Optionally, the method further comprises:

[0405] The first device sends first indication information to the second device, where the first indication information is used to indicate content reported by the second device.

[0406] For example, the first indication information instructs the second device to perform receiving power measurement and report the receiving power; or, the first indication information instructs the second device to report the first device information and report the corresponding receiving power; or, the first indication information instructs the second device to report the first device information, and report the number of successful detections / success rate, and report the corresponding receiving power.

[0407] The signal measurement method provided in the embodiment of the present application, in which the second device performs corresponding reporting according to the instruction of the first device, can improve positioning efficiency or positioning accuracy.

[0408] Optionally, the method further includes at least one of the following:

[0409] receiving first positioning assistance information from the second device;

[0410] receiving first positioning assistance information from the second device, and sending the first positioning assistance information to a third device;

[0411] The first positioning assistance information includes at least one of the following: the transmission power of the second device, the receiving / transmitting antenna gain of the second device, and the product of the transmission power of the second device and the receiving / transmitting antenna gain of the second device.

[0412] It can be understood that the first device receives at least one of the second device transmit power, the second device receive / transmit antenna gain, and the product of the second device transmit power and the second device receive / transmit antenna gain reported by the second device, and at least one of the second device transmit power and the second device receive / transmit antenna gain is used by the first device to determine proximity relationship information between the second device and the first device, or location information of the first device or the second device.

[0413] The first device receives at least one of the second device's transmit power, the second device's receive / transmit antenna gain, and the product of the second device's transmit power and the second device's receive / transmit antenna gain reported by the second device, and sends at least one of the second device's transmit power, the second device's receive / transmit antenna gain, and the product of the second device's transmit power and the second device's receive / transmit antenna gain to a third device, for the third device to determine the proximity relationship information between the second device and the first device, or the location information of the first device or the second device.

[0414] Optionally, at least one of the second device transmit power, the second device transmit / receive antenna gain, and the product of the second device transmit power and the second device transmit / receive antenna gain may be reported together with the first measurement result.

[0415] In one implementation mode, if the distance is determined by a round trip method, the second device needs to report at least one of the second device transmit power, the second device receive antenna gain, and the second device transmit antenna gain to the first device.

[0416] One implementation method: If the distance is determined by a single trip method, it is necessary to report the receiving antenna gain of the second device to the first device.

[0417] The signal measurement method provided in the embodiment of the present application can assist in positioning the Ambient IoT device and improve positioning accuracy by reporting at least one of the second device's transmit power, the second device's transmit / receive antenna gain, and the product of the second device's transmit power and the second device's transmit / receive antenna gain to the first device. This can be combined with the measurement results.

[0418] Consider a situation where a third device (such as a location server) or a second device (such as a reader) determines the proximity information between a first device (such as a tag) and a second device, or the location of the first device, based on power. In addition to power information, the calculation end (i.e., the third device or second device) needs to know parameters such as the equivalent reflection coefficient of the first device itself. However, given the limited reporting capability and reporting overhead of the first device, the equivalent reflection coefficient can be notified to the third device or second device through a combination of predefined and implicit indications.

[0419] Optionally, the method further includes:

[0420] The first device sends an equivalent reflection coefficient to the second device or the third device, where the equivalent reflection coefficient is used to determine position-related information of the second device and the first device.

[0421] That is, the equivalent reflection coefficient is used by the second device or the third device to determine proximity relationship information between the second device and the first device, or location information of the first device or the second device.

[0422] The signal measurement method provided in the embodiment of the present application can assist the second device or the third device in determining the proximity relationship information between the second device and the first device, or the location information of the first device or the second device, by sending an equivalent reflection coefficient to the second device or the third device, thereby improving positioning accuracy.

[0423] Optionally, the equivalent reflection coefficient is related to at least one of the first device's transmit / receive antenna gain, the first device's power transmission efficiency factor, and the first device's reflection amplification coefficient.

[0424] Optionally, the power transfer efficiency factor is also called return loss or reflectivity.

[0425] Optionally, the power transmission efficiency factor is equal to the ratio of the received power to the transmitted power (or the ratio of the transmitted power to the received power).

[0426] Optionally, the power transmission efficiency factor may take into account the reflection amplification factor, that is, the reflection loss and the reflection amplification factor. In this case, the reflection amplification factor is not reflected separately.

[0427] Optionally, if the first device has a reflection amplification capability (such as a power amplifier PA), the equivalent reflection coefficient includes a reflection amplification coefficient; otherwise, the reflection amplification coefficient is not included, or the reflection amplification coefficient is set to 1.

[0428] In one implementation manner, the equivalent reflection coefficient is equal to the power transmission efficiency factor*the receiving antenna gain*the transmitting antenna gain*the reflection amplification coefficient.

[0429] If the receiving antenna gain = the transmitting antenna gain, collectively referred to as the antenna gain, then the equivalent reflection coefficient is equal to the power transmission efficiency factor * the square of the antenna gain * the reflection amplification factor.

[0430] If the antenna gain is 1, the equivalent reflection coefficient is equal to the power transmission efficiency factor * reflection amplification factor.

[0431] In one implementation manner, the equivalent reflection coefficient is equal to the power transmission efficiency factor*the receiving antenna gain*the transmitting antenna gain.

[0432] It is assumed here that the first device has no reflection amplification capability, that is, does not include a reflection amplification coefficient, or the reflection amplification coefficient is set to 1; or, it is assumed that the reflection amplification coefficient has been considered in addition to the reflection loss in the power transmission efficiency factor.

[0433] If the receiving antenna gain = the transmitting antenna gain, collectively referred to as the antenna gain, then the equivalent reflection coefficient is equal to the power transmission efficiency factor * the square of the antenna gain.

[0434] If the antenna gain is 1, the equivalent reflection coefficient is equal to the power transmission efficiency factor.

[0435] In one implementation mode, the equivalent reflection coefficient is equal to the power transmission efficiency factor.

[0436] Here, it is assumed that the first device has no reflection amplification capability, that is, does not include a reflection amplification factor, or the reflection amplification factor is set to 1; or, it is assumed that the reflection amplification factor is already taken into account in addition to the reflection loss in the power transmission efficiency factor;

[0437] Furthermore, it is assumed here that the antenna gain is 1, or there is no antenna gain.

[0438] Optionally, the equivalent reflection coefficient is also called "effective signal gain".

[0439] Optionally, the equivalent reflection coefficient is related to the capability or type of the first device.

[0440] Optionally, the reporting method of the equivalent reflection coefficient includes one of the following:

[0441] The equivalent reflection coefficient is sent in one of the following ways:

[0442] explicitly or implicitly sending a capability level indication corresponding to the first device, where the capability level indication is used to identify the equivalent reflection coefficient;

[0443] The value of the equivalent reflection coefficient is sent.

[0444] It can be understood that the capability level (equivalent reflection coefficient level or identifier) ​​of the first device is predefined or preconfigured, different capability levels (equivalent reflection coefficient levels or identifiers) correspond to different equivalent reflection coefficients, and the capability level indication (equivalent reflection coefficient level or identifier) ​​corresponding to the first device is explicitly or implicitly sent;

[0445] The value of the equivalent reflection coefficient is sent.

[0446] The capability level indication is explicitly sent, for example, by being reported in the capability information of the first device, or carried in the first device data sent to the second device or the third device.

[0447] Among them, the capability level is implicitly indicated, such as through specific Tag information, a specific backscatter signal format / sequence, or a specific electronic product code, or a specific data packet cyclic redundancy check, or a specific protocol control word, or a specific 16-bit random number, etc.

[0448] The signal measurement method provided in the embodiment of the present application can improve positioning accuracy while minimizing additional overhead by reporting the equivalent reflection coefficient to the third device or the second device through a predefined combined with implicit indication method.

[0449] Optionally, the method further includes:

[0450] The first device sends second positioning assistance information to the second device or the third device, and the second positioning assistance information includes at least one of the following: the first device transmission power, the first device receiving / transmitting antenna gain, the first device power transmission efficiency factor, and the first device reflection amplification coefficient.

[0451] It can be understood that the first device reports at least one of the following to the second device or the third device: the transmitting power of the first device, the receiving / transmitting antenna gain of the first device, the power transmission efficiency factor of the first device and the reflection amplification coefficient of the first device, which is used by the second device or the third device to calculate the proximity relationship information between the second device and the first device, or the location information of the first device or the second device.

[0452] In one embodiment, if the distance is determined by round trip, the first device needs to report at least one of the first device receiving antenna gain, the first device transmitting antenna gain, the first device power transmission efficiency, and the reflection amplification factor to the third device.

[0453] In one implementation mode, if the distance is determined by a single trip method, the first device needs to report at least one of the first device transmit power, the first device transmit antenna gain, and the reflection amplification factor to the third device.

[0454] In one embodiment, the interaction between the first device and the third device may be forwarded by the second device, for example, transparently transmitted by the second device, or non-transparently (when the second device reports information, it also reports the information of the first device).

[0455] Optionally, the second positioning assistance information is sent in one of the following ways:

[0456] explicitly or implicitly sending a capability level indication corresponding to the first device, where the capability level indication is used to identify the second positioning assistance information;

[0457] Send the value of the second positioning assistance information.

[0458] It is understandable that the capability level of the first device is predefined or preconfigured, different capability levels correspond to different parameters, and the capability level indication corresponding to the first device is sent explicitly or implicitly; or, the value of each parameter is reported.

[0459] Optionally, the reporting method of the second positioning assistance information includes one of the following implementation modes:

[0460] Implementation method 1:

[0461] The tag capability level (or the second positioning assistance information level or identifier) ​​is predefined or preconfigured, and different capability levels (or the second positioning assistance information level or identifier) ​​correspond to different parameter values.

[0462] The first device explicitly or implicitly sends an indication of the capability level (or second positioning assistance information level or identifier) ​​corresponding to the first device.

[0463] The first device explicitly or implicitly sends a capability level indication corresponding to the first device (or a second positioning assistance information level or identifier).

[0464] The capability level indication is explicitly sent, for example, by being reported in the capability information of the first device, or carried in the first device data sent to the second device or the third device.

[0465] Among them, the capability level indication is implicitly sent, such as through specific Tag information, a specific backscatter signal format / sequence, or a specific electronic product code, or a specific data packet cyclic redundancy check, or a specific protocol control word, or a specific 16-bit random number, etc.

[0466] Implementation 2:

[0467] Report the value of each parameter.

[0468] In the signal measurement method provided in the embodiment of the present application, the first device reports at least one of the first device's transmit power, the first device's transmit / receive antenna gain, the first device's power transmission efficiency factor, and the first device's reflection amplification coefficient, which is used to determine the proximity relationship information between the second device and the first device, or the location information of the first device or the second device, thereby improving positioning accuracy.

[0469] The signal measurement method provided by this application is further illustrated below through several embodiments.

[0470] Example 1:

[0471] The implementation method of the third device (such as a location server) determining the proximity information or location information of the first device (such as a tag) based on the received power reported by the second device (such as a reader) is as follows:

[0472] Method 1: The location service determines the distance of a target tag from a specific reader based on the received power of multiple readers. For example, the reader with the highest received power is determined to be the closest to the target tag. Optionally, the location of that reader is roughly used as the target tag's location.

[0473] Method 2: Calculate the weights based on the receiving power of multiple readers and calculate the tag position using weighted calculations:

[0474] Among them, p i is the position of each reader, w i is the weight of each reader, and the position of the target tag is roughly calculated after weighted superposition. R The number of readers.

[0475] Method 3: The location server stores a fingerprint database. This database contains multiple sets of mapping information, including the target location and the received power at multiple readers. After obtaining measurement results from multiple readers, the location server compares these measurements with the received power data in the fingerprint database. The closest target location (e.g., the one with the smallest mean squared error between the measurement result and a target location in the fingerprint database) is selected as the target tag location.

[0476] Method 4: The location server calculates the distance d between the reader and the tag based on the path loss formula. Further, the tag position is calculated based on the distance d between multiple readers and tags. Among them, the path loss formula is divided into round trip path loss formula and single trip path loss formula

[0477] The round trip path loss formula is as follows:

[0478] Among them, P RX,reader is the reader receiving power, P TX,reader is the reader transmission power, η is the tag power transfer efficiency factor (power transfer efficiency), G tag is the tag antenna gain, G reader is the reader antenna gain, λ is the wavelength, d is the distance between the reader and the tag, and n is the path loss factor.

[0479] All of the above parameters, except for the target d, must be known by the computing device. Some parameters can be obtained through instructions from other devices (such as reader receive power, reader transmit power, tag power transfer efficiency factor, tag antenna gain, reader antenna gain, etc.); some parameters can be agreed upon, predefined, or preconfigured through protocols (such as wavelength); some parameters can be constants or empirical statistics (such as pi); and some parameters can be obtained from the computing device itself, such as when the computing device itself is also the receiving or transmitting device (such as the device's own power, etc.).

[0480] The single trip path loss formula is as follows:

[0481] tag→reader:

[0482] Among them, P RX,reader is the reader receiving power, P TX,tag is the tag transmission power, Gtag is the tag antenna gain, G reader is the reader antenna gain, λ is the wavelength, and d is the distance between the reader and the tag.

[0483] All of the above parameters, except for the target d, must be known by the computing device. Some parameters can be obtained through instructions from other devices (such as reader receive power, tag transmit power, tag antenna gain, reader antenna gain, etc.); some parameters can be agreed upon, predefined, or preconfigured through protocols (such as wavelength); some parameters can be constants or empirical statistics (such as pi); and some parameters can be obtained from the computing device itself, such as when the computing device itself is also the receiving or transmitting device (such as the device's own power, etc.).

[0484] Of course, methods 1 through 4 above also apply when the reader's measurement result is path loss. Simply replace "received power" with "path loss result." Reporting path loss results by the reader can reduce unnecessary reporting, such as reporting of reader transmit power information.

[0485] Example 2:

[0486] The implementation method of the third device (such as a location server) reporting the number of successful detections / success rate of the first device (such as a tag) based on the second device (such as a reader) is as follows:

[0487] Method 1: If multiple readers have counted the tag, the tag position is determined based on the centroid of the multiple reader positions.

[0488] Method 2: The location service determines the target tag's proximity to a specific reader based on the number of successful detections received by multiple readers and their success rates. For example, a reader with a high number of counts and a high success rate is closest to the tag. Optionally, the reader's location is used as the tag's location.

[0489] Method 3: Calculate the weights based on the success rates of multiple readers and use them to calculate the tag positions:

[0490] Among them, p i is the position of each reader, w i The weight of each reader is determined according to the success rate of inventory, and the position of the target tag is roughly calculated after weighted superposition. R The number of readers.

[0491] Method 4: The location server stores a fingerprint database. This database contains multiple sets of mapping information, including the target location and the probability of successful detection by multiple readers. The detection success rate is compared with the probability of a specific location in the fingerprint database, and the closest target location is used as the target tag location.

[0492] Method 5: The location server stores a fingerprint database. This database stores the probability of a tag being detected at different locations or distances. Based on the probability of a tag being detected by a particular reader, the location server determines the tag's approximate location range or distance from the reader.

[0493] Furthermore, the approximate location range or distance from the reader of the same tag under multiple readers is obtained. Furthermore, the tag position is jointly calculated.

[0494] Example 3:

[0495] The third device (such as a location server) determines the proximity information or location information of the first device based on the number of successful detections / success rate of the first device (such as a tag) reported by the second device (such as a reader) and the receiving power reported by the second device (such as a reader).

[0496] In one implementation mode, the location server first obtains multiple candidate tag locations based on a detection success rate method, and then obtains the most suitable tag location from the multiple candidate tag locations based on a received power method.

[0497] Example 4:

[0498] The received power can be calculated as follows:

[0499] The second device receives the first signal sent by the first device according to the time domain cross-correlation method, and obtains a time domain correlation spectrum, as shown in Figure 4, which is one of the schematic diagrams of the time domain correlation spectrum provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0500] The time domain cross-correlation spectrum is composed of multiple paths, reflecting the time domain characteristics of the channel. Optionally, the cross-correlation spectrum excludes the self-interference of the second device in advance.

[0501] Optionally, the total received power is the sum of the powers of multiple paths, or the sum of the powers of multiple conditions and the average (total power / number of paths).

[0502] Optionally, the useful signal power is the superposition of the received powers of the paths contributing to demodulation selected from multiple paths. FIG5 is a second schematic diagram of the time domain correlation spectrum provided in an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG5, the path contributing to demodulation is the useful path remaining after filtering out some paths with lower power. Alternatively, the power of multiple useful paths is superimposed and then averaged (useful path power superposition / total path, or useful path power superposition / number of useful paths).

[0503] The signal measurement method provided in the embodiment of the present application can be executed by a signal measurement device. In the embodiment of the present application, the signal measurement device provided in the embodiment of the present application is described by taking the signal measurement method executed by the signal measurement device as an example.

[0504] FIG6 is a schematic diagram of a structure of a signal measurement device according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG6 , the signal measurement device 600 includes:

[0505] The measuring unit 610 is configured to measure a first signal from a first device;

[0506] A first processing unit 620 is configured to send a first measurement result to a third device or the first device, or determine location-related information of the second device and the first device;

[0507] The first measurement result includes at least one of the following: received power, path loss, information used to determine the location-related information, and measurement quality;

[0508] The location-related information includes at least one of the following: proximity relationship information, location information of the first device, and location information of the second device.

[0509] Optionally, when the first device is an environmental Internet of Things device, the first signal is a backscattered signal, the first signal includes one of OOK, ASK, FSK, and PSK modulated signals, or the first signal is a signal dedicated to determining or positioning proximity relationship information.

[0510] Optionally, the information used to determine the location-related information includes at least one of the following:

[0511] a calculated distance result between the first device and the second device;

[0512] Direct path LOS / indirect path NLOS indication.

[0513] Optionally, the received power includes at least one of the following:

[0514] Total received power, the total received power including at least one of the following: received power of a useful or specific signal / channel, interference power, and noise power;

[0515] The received power of the wanted or specific signal / channel;

[0516] signal-to-noise ratio;

[0517] The received power of the target path, where the target path includes one of the following: the first path, the path with the highest power, the path indicated by the network or agreed upon by the protocol, and the path independently selected by the second device.

[0518] Optionally, the received power includes: received power within a target time and / or within a target bandwidth;

[0519] The target time includes one of the following:

[0520] Chip time;

[0521] duration of the chip sequence;

[0522] Symbolic time;

[0523] The target bandwidth includes one of the following:

[0524] Receiver pulse shaping filter bandwidth;

[0525] Transmit pulse shaping filter bandwidth;

[0526] Receiver low-pass filter bandwidth;

[0527] Baseband filter bandwidth;

[0528] RF filter bandwidth;

[0529] IF filter bandwidth;

[0530] The bandwidth of the wanted or specific signal / channel;

[0531] Bandwidth is related to the data transmission rate.

[0532] Optionally, the frequency corresponding to the received power includes one of the following:

[0533] Carrier frequency;

[0534] Carrier frequency +BLF and carrier frequency -BLF;

[0535] Carrier frequency + BLF;

[0536] Carrier frequency-BLF.

[0537] Optionally, the signal-to-noise ratio includes one of the following:

[0538] The ratio of the useful signal received power to the power density within the target bandwidth;

[0539] The ratio of useful signal received power to total received power;

[0540] The ratio of the useful signal received power to the noise power;

[0541] The ratio of the useful signal received power to the sum of the noise power and the interference power;

[0542] The ratio of the useful signal received power to the difference between the total received power and the useful signal received power.

[0543] Optionally, the path loss is a round-trip path loss, and the round-trip path loss is determined based on one of the following:

[0544] a ratio or difference between a receive power of the second device and a transmit power of the second device;

[0545] The ratio or difference between the second device receiving power and the second device transmitting power minus the first antenna gain, where the first antenna gain is the sum of the first device receiving / transmitting antenna gain and the second device receiving / transmitting antenna gain.

[0546] Optionally, the path loss is a one-way path loss, and the one-way path loss is determined based on one of the following:

[0547] a ratio or difference between the second device's receive power and the first device's transmit power;

[0548] The ratio or difference between the second device receiving power and the first device transmitting power minus the second antenna gain, where the second antenna gain is the sum of the first device transmitting antenna gain and the second device receiving antenna gain.

[0549] Optionally, the distance calculation result between the first device and the second device is obtained by calculating in one of the following ways:

[0550] Calculated according to the received power of the second device;

[0551] The signal is obtained by calculation based on the round-trip time taken for the second device to receive the first signal.

[0552] Optionally, the apparatus further includes a first sending unit, configured to perform at least one of the following:

[0553] A calculation method for sending the distance calculation result to the third device or the first device, the calculation method including: based on power measurement or based on time measurement;

[0554] Alternatively, the measurement quality of the distance calculation result is sent to the third device or the first device.

[0555] Optionally, the second device sending the first measurement result to a third device or the first device includes one of the following:

[0556] Each time the second device successfully detects the first device or the first signal, the second device sends a corresponding measurement result to the third device or the first device;

[0557] Sending to a third device or the first device the number M of successful detections of the first device or the first signal within the time range T or the total number of detections N, and a measurement result corresponding to each successful detection of the first device or the first signal;

[0558] The number M of successful detections of the first device or the first signal within the time range T or the total number of detections N, and a measurement result are sent to the third device or the first device.

[0559] Optionally, the single measurement result is obtained based on joint processing of M measurement results, or the single measurement result is a most recent measurement result;

[0560] The joint processing includes one of the following: taking an average, taking a median, taking a maximum value, taking a minimum value, and taking an average of K measurement results among the M measurement results.

[0561] Optionally, the apparatus further includes: a second sending unit, configured to send identification information associated with the first measurement result to a third device or the first device;

[0562] The identification information includes at least one of the following:

[0563] a first signal identifier;

[0564] a first timestamp, where the first timestamp is used to identify a time when the first signal is measured;

[0565] a receiving antenna identifier of the second device.

[0566] Optionally, the device further includes a third sending unit, configured to:

[0567] In the case of successful detection of the first signal, sending at least one of the first device information, the number of successful detections of the first device, and the success rate of detection of the first device to the third device or the first device;

[0568] The first device information includes at least one of the following: an ID of the first device, a coding mode, a backscatter link frequency BLF, a modulation mode, and an active / passive indication;

[0569] The number of successful detections of the first device includes: the number M of successful detections of the first device within a time range T or a total number of detections N;

[0570] The first device detection success rate includes: a ratio of the number M of successful detections of the first device to the total number N of detections within a time range T or a total number N of detections.

[0571] Optionally, the time range T is 1 window;

[0572] The configuration of the window includes at least one of: window length, window start time and window period.

[0573] Optionally, the apparatus further includes a fourth sending unit, configured to:

[0574] A second timestamp associated with the number of successful detections of the first device or the success rate of detections of the first device is sent to the third device or the first device.

[0575] Optionally, the device further includes a first receiving unit, configured to:

[0576] First indication information is received from the third device or the first device, where the first indication information is used to indicate content reported by the second device.

[0577] Optionally, the apparatus further includes a fifth sending unit, configured to:

[0578] Send first positioning assistance information to the third device or the first device, where the first positioning assistance information includes at least one of the following: the second device transmission power, the second device receiving / transmitting antenna gain, and the product of the second device transmission power and the second device receiving / transmitting antenna gain.

[0579] Optionally, the device further includes a second receiving unit, configured to:

[0580] receiving an equivalent reflection coefficient from the first device;

[0581] Alternatively, the second device receives the equivalent reflection coefficient from the first device, and sends the equivalent reflection coefficient to the third device;

[0582] The equivalent reflection coefficient is used to determine position-related information of the second device and the first device.

[0583] Optionally, the equivalent reflection coefficient is related to at least one of the first device's transmit / receive antenna gain, the first device's power transmission efficiency factor, and the first device's reflection amplification coefficient.

[0584] Optionally, the equivalent reflection coefficient is related to the capability or type of the first device.

[0585] Optionally, the device further includes a second processing unit, configured to:

[0586] receiving second positioning assistance information from the first device;

[0587] Alternatively, receiving second positioning assistance information from the first device, and sending the second positioning assistance information to the third device;

[0588] The second positioning assistance information includes at least one of the following: the transmission power of the first device, the receiving / transmitting antenna gain of the first device, the power transmission efficiency factor of the first device, and the reflection amplification coefficient of the first device.

[0589] The signal measuring device in the embodiment of the present application can be an electronic device, such as an electronic device with an operating system, or a component in an electronic device, such as an integrated circuit or chip. The electronic device can be a terminal or a network-side device, or can be other devices other than a terminal or a network-side device. For example, the terminal can include but is not limited to the types of terminal 11 listed above, and other devices can be servers, network attached storage (NAS), etc., which are not specifically limited in the embodiment of the present application.

[0590] The signal measuring device provided in the embodiment of the present application can implement each process implemented in the method embodiment of Figure 2 and achieve the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, it will not be described here.

[0591] FIG7 is a second structural diagram of a signal measurement device provided in an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG7 , the signal measurement device 700 includes:

[0592] A sixth sending unit 710 is configured to send a first signal, where the first signal is used for measurement by a second device to obtain a first measurement result, where the first measurement result is used to determine location-related information of the second device and the first device;

[0593] The first measurement result includes at least one of the following: received power, path loss, information used to determine the location-related information, and measurement quality;

[0594] The location-related information includes at least one of the following: proximity relationship information, location information of the first device, and location information of the second device.

[0595] Optionally, when the first device is an environmental Internet of Things device, the first signal is a backscattered signal, the first signal includes one of OOK, ASK, FSK, and PSK modulated signals, or the first signal is a signal dedicated to determining or positioning proximity relationship information.

[0596] Optionally, the apparatus further includes a third processing unit configured to perform at least one of the following:

[0597] receiving the first measurement result;

[0598] Based on the first measurement result, position-related information of the second device and the first device is determined.

[0599] Optionally, the information used to determine the location-related information includes:

[0600] a calculated distance result between the first device and the second device;

[0601] Direct path LOS / indirect path NLOS indication.

[0602] Optionally, the device further includes a third receiving unit, configured to:

[0603] receiving identification information associated with the first measurement result from the second device, where the identification information is used to distinguish multiple measurement results sent by the second device;

[0604] The identification information includes at least one of the following:

[0605] a first signal identifier;

[0606] a first timestamp, where the first timestamp is used to identify a time when the first signal is measured;

[0607] a receiving antenna identifier of the second device.

[0608] Optionally, the device further includes a fourth receiving unit, configured to:

[0609] receiving at least one of the first device information, the number of successful detections of the first device, and the success rate of detections of the first device sent by the second device;

[0610] The first device information includes at least one of the following: an ID of the first device, a coding mode, a backscatter link frequency BLF, a modulation mode, and an active / passive indication;

[0611] The number of successful detections of the first device includes: the number M of successful detections of the first device within a time range T or a total number of detections N;

[0612] The first device detection success rate includes: a ratio of the number M of successful detections of the first device to the total number N of detections within a time range T or a total number N of detections.

[0613] Optionally, the device method further includes a seventh sending unit, configured to:

[0614] First indication information is sent to the second device, where the first indication information is used to indicate content reported by the second device.

[0615] Optionally, the apparatus further includes a fourth processing unit, configured to perform at least one of the following:

[0616] receiving first positioning assistance information from the second device;

[0617] receiving first positioning assistance information from the second device, and sending the first positioning assistance information to a third device;

[0618] The first positioning assistance information includes at least one of the following: the transmission power of the second device, the receiving / transmitting antenna gain of the second device, and the product of the transmission power of the second device and the receiving / transmitting antenna gain of the second device.

[0619] Optionally, the apparatus further includes an eighth sending unit, configured to:

[0620] An equivalent reflection coefficient is sent to the second device or the third device, where the equivalent reflection coefficient is used to determine position-related information of the second device and the first device.

[0621] Optionally, the equivalent reflection coefficient is related to at least one of the transmit / receive antenna gain, the power transmission efficiency factor, and the reflection amplification coefficient of the first device.

[0622] Optionally, the equivalent reflection coefficient is related to the capability or type of the first device.

[0623] Optionally, the equivalent reflection coefficient is sent in one of the following ways:

[0624] explicitly or implicitly sending a capability level indication corresponding to the first device, where the capability level indication is used to identify the equivalent reflection coefficient;

[0625] The value of the equivalent reflection coefficient is sent.

[0626] Optionally, the apparatus further includes a ninth sending unit, configured to:

[0627] Send second positioning assistance information to the second device or the third device, where the second positioning assistance information includes at least one of the following: the transmitting power of the first device, the receiving / transmitting antenna gain of the first device, the power transmission efficiency factor of the first device, and the reflection amplification coefficient of the first device.

[0628] Optionally, the second positioning assistance information is sent in one of the following ways:

[0629] explicitly or implicitly sending a capability level indication corresponding to the first device, where the capability level indication is used to identify the second positioning assistance information;

[0630] Send the value of the second positioning assistance information.

[0631] The signal measuring device in the embodiments of the present application can be an electronic device, such as an electronic device with an operating system, or a component in an electronic device, such as an integrated circuit or chip. The electronic device can be a terminal or a network-side device, or can be a device other than a terminal or a network-side device. For example, the terminal can include but is not limited to the types of terminal 11 listed above, and other devices can be servers, network attached storage (NAS), etc., which are not specifically limited in the embodiments of the present application.

[0632] The signal measurement device provided in the embodiment of the present application can implement each process implemented in the method embodiment of Figure 3 and achieve the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, it will not be described here.

[0633] As shown in Figure 8, an embodiment of the present application further provides a communication device 800, including a processor 801 and a memory 802. The memory 802 stores programs or instructions that can be executed on the processor 801. For example, when the communication device 800 is a terminal or a network-side device, the program or instruction, when executed by the processor 801, implements the various steps of the above-mentioned signal measurement method embodiment and can achieve the same technical effect. When the communication device 800 is an Ambient IoT device, the program or instruction, when executed by the processor 801, implements the various steps of the above-mentioned signal measurement method embodiment and can achieve the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, it will not be repeated here.

[0634] The present application also provides a terminal including a processor and a communication interface, wherein the communication interface is coupled to the processor, and the processor is configured to execute a program or instruction to implement the steps of the method embodiment shown in Figure 2 or Figure 3. This terminal embodiment corresponds to the aforementioned terminal-side method embodiment, and each implementation process and implementation method of the aforementioned method embodiment can be applied to this terminal embodiment and achieve the same technical effect. Specifically, Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the hardware structure of a terminal implementing an embodiment of the present application.

[0635] The terminal 900 includes but is not limited to: a radio frequency unit 901, a network module 902, an audio output unit 903, an input unit 904, a sensor 905, a display unit 906, a user input unit 907, an interface unit 908, a memory 909 and at least some of the components of the processor 910.

[0636] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the terminal 900 may also include a power supply (such as a battery) to power various components. The power supply may be logically connected to the processor 910 via a power management system, thereby enabling the power management system to manage charging, discharging, and power consumption. The terminal structure shown in FIG9 does not limit the terminal. The terminal may include more or fewer components than shown, or may combine certain components, or have different component arrangements, which will not be described in detail here.

[0637] It should be understood that in an embodiment of the present application, the input unit 904 may include a graphics processing unit (GPU) 9041 and a microphone 9042, and the graphics processor 9041 processes the image data of a static picture or video obtained by an image capture device (such as a camera) in a video capture mode or an image capture mode. The display unit 906 may include a display panel 9061, and the display panel 9061 may be configured in the form of a liquid crystal display, an organic light emitting diode, etc. The user input unit 907 includes a touch panel 9071 and at least one of other input devices 9072. The touch panel 9071 is also called a touch screen. The touch panel 9071 may include two parts: a touch detection device and a touch controller. Other input devices 9072 may include, but are not limited to, a physical keyboard, function keys (such as volume control keys, switch keys, etc.), a trackball, a mouse, and an operating stick, which will not be repeated here.

[0638] In the embodiment of the present application, after receiving downlink data from a network-side device, the RF unit 901 may transmit the data to the processor 910 for processing. Furthermore, the RF unit 901 may send uplink data to the network-side device. Typically, the RF unit 901 includes, but is not limited to, an antenna, an amplifier, a transceiver, a coupler, a low-noise amplifier, a duplexer, and the like.

[0639] The memory 909 can be used to store software programs or instructions and various data. The memory 909 may mainly include a first storage area for storing programs or instructions and a second storage area for storing data, wherein the first storage area may store an operating system, applications or instructions required for at least one function (such as a sound playback function, an image playback function, etc.). In addition, the memory 909 may include a volatile memory or a non-volatile memory. Among them, the non-volatile memory may be a read-only memory (ROM), a programmable read-only memory (PROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), or a flash memory. Volatile memory can be random access memory (RAM), static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), synchronous dynamic random access memory (SDRAM), double data rate synchronous dynamic random access memory (DDRSDRAM), enhanced synchronous dynamic random access memory (ESDRAM), synchronous link dynamic random access memory (SLDRAM), and direct RAM bus random access memory (DRRAM). The memory 909 in the embodiment of the present application includes but is not limited to these and any other suitable types of memory.

[0640] Processor 910 may include one or more first processing units. Optionally, processor 910 integrates an application processor and a modem processor. The application processor primarily handles operations related to the operating system, user interface, and application programs, while the modem processor primarily processes wireless communication signals, such as a baseband processor. It is understood that the modem processor may not be integrated into processor 910.

[0641] Among them, the processor 910 is used to measure a first signal from a first device; send a first measurement result to a third device or the first device, or determine location-related information of the second device and the first device; the first measurement result includes at least one of the following: received power, path loss, information used to determine the location-related information, measurement quality; the location-related information includes at least one of the following: proximity relationship information, location information of the first device, and location information of the second device.

[0642] It can be understood that the implementation process of each implementation method mentioned in this embodiment can refer to the relevant description of the aforementioned method embodiment and achieve the same or corresponding technical effects. To avoid repetition, it will not be repeated here.

[0643] The present application also provides a network-side device, including a processor and a communication interface, wherein the communication interface is coupled to the processor, and the processor is configured to execute a program or instruction to implement the steps of the method embodiment shown in Figure 2 or Figure 3. This network-side device embodiment corresponds to the aforementioned method embodiment, and each implementation process and implementation method of the aforementioned method embodiment can be applied to this network-side device embodiment and can achieve the same technical effects.

[0644] Specifically, an embodiment of the present application also provides a network-side device. As shown in Figure 10, the network-side device 1000 includes: an antenna 1001, a radio frequency device 1002, a baseband device 1003, a processor 1004, and a memory 1005. Antenna 1001 is connected to radio frequency device 1002. In the uplink direction, radio frequency device 1002 receives information via antenna 1001 and sends the received information to baseband device 1003 for processing. In the downlink direction, baseband device 1003 processes the information to be transmitted and sends it to radio frequency device 1002. Radio frequency device 1002 processes the received information and sends it through antenna 1001.

[0645] The method executed by the network-side device in the above embodiment may be implemented in the baseband device 1003 , which includes a baseband processor.

[0646] The baseband device 1003 may include, for example, at least one baseband board, on which multiple chips are arranged, as shown in Figure 10, one of which is, for example, a baseband processor, which is connected to the memory 1005 through a bus interface to call the program in the memory 1005 and execute the network side device operations shown in the above method embodiment.

[0647] The network side device may further include a network interface 1006, which is, for example, a Common Public Radio Interface (CPRI).

[0648] Specifically, the network side device 1000 of the embodiment of the present application also includes: instructions or programs stored in the memory 1005 and can be run on the processor 1004. The processor 1004 calls the instructions or programs in the memory 1005 to execute the method of execution of each module shown in Figure 6 or Figure 7, and achieves the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, it will not be repeated here.

[0649] An embodiment of the present application also provides a readable storage medium, on which a program or instruction is stored. When the program or instruction is executed by a processor, the various processes of the above-mentioned signal measurement method embodiment are implemented and the same technical effect can be achieved. To avoid repetition, it will not be repeated here.

[0650] The processor is the processor in the terminal described in the above embodiment. The readable storage medium includes a computer-readable storage medium, such as a computer read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk. In some examples, the readable storage medium may be a non-transitory readable storage medium.

[0651] An embodiment of the present application further provides a chip, which includes a processor and a communication interface, wherein the communication interface is coupled to the processor, and the processor is used to run programs or instructions to implement the various processes of the above-mentioned signal measurement method embodiment, and can achieve the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, it will not be repeated here.

[0652] It should be understood that the chip mentioned in the embodiments of the present application can also be called a system-level chip, a system chip, a chip system or a system-on-chip chip, etc.

[0653] An embodiment of the present application further provides a computer program / program product, which is stored in a storage medium. The computer program / program product is executed by at least one processor to implement the various processes of the above-mentioned signal measurement method embodiment and can achieve the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, it is not repeated here.

[0654] An embodiment of the present application further provides a positioning system, including: a second device and a first device, wherein the second device can be used to execute the steps of the signal measurement method described above, and the first device can be used to execute the steps of the signal measurement method described above.

[0655] It should be noted that, in this article, the terms "comprise", "include" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device comprising a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions, an element defined by the sentence "comprises a ..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device comprising the element. In addition, it should be pointed out that the scope of the methods and devices in the embodiments of the present application is not limited to performing functions in the order shown or discussed, and may also include performing functions in a substantially simultaneous manner or in the opposite order according to the functions involved. For example, the described method may be performed in an order different from that described, and various steps may also be added, omitted or combined. In addition, the features described with reference to certain examples may be combined in other examples.

[0656] Through the description of the above embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that the above-mentioned embodiment methods can be implemented by means of a computer software product plus a necessary general-purpose hardware platform, or of course, by hardware. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium (such as ROM, RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk, etc.) and includes a number of instructions for enabling a terminal or network-side device to execute the methods described in each embodiment of the present application.

[0657] The embodiments of the present application are described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the present application is not limited to the above-mentioned specific implementation methods. The above-mentioned specific implementation methods are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Under the guidance of this application, ordinary technicians in this field can also make many forms of implementation methods without departing from the purpose of this application and the scope of protection of the claims. These implementation methods are all within the protection of this application.

Claims

1. A signal measurement method, comprising: The second device measures the first signal from the first device; The second device sends the first measurement result to a third device or the first device, or the second device determines location-related information of the second device and the first device; The first measurement result includes at least one of the following: received power, path loss, information used to determine the location-related information, and measurement quality; The location-related information includes at least one of the following: proximity relationship information, location information of the first device, and location information of the second device.

2. The signal measurement method according to claim 1, wherein: In the case where the first device is an environmental Internet of Things device, the first signal is a backscattered signal, the first signal includes one of OOK, ASK, FSK, and PSK modulated signals, or the first signal is a signal dedicated to determining or positioning proximity relationship information.

3. The signal measurement method according to any one of claims 1 to 2, wherein: The information used to determine the location-related information includes at least one of the following: a calculated distance result between the first device and the second device; Direct path LOS / indirect path NLOS indication. The signal measurement method according to claim 1 , wherein: The received power includes at least one of the following: Total received power, the total received power including at least one of the following: received power of a useful or specific signal / channel, interference power, and noise power; The received power of the wanted or specific signal / channel; signal-to-noise ratio; The received power of the target path, where the target path includes one of the following: the first path, the path with the highest power, the path indicated by the network or agreed upon by the protocol, and the path independently selected by the second device.

5. The signal measurement method according to claim 4, wherein: The received power includes: received power within a target time and / or within a target bandwidth; The target time includes one of the following: Chip time; duration of the chip sequence; Symbolic time; The target bandwidth includes one of the following: Receiver pulse shaping filter bandwidth; Transmit pulse shaping filter bandwidth; Receiver low-pass filter bandwidth; Baseband filter bandwidth; RF filter bandwidth; IF filter bandwidth; The bandwidth of the wanted or specific signal / channel; Bandwidth is related to the data transmission rate. The signal measurement method according to claim 4 , wherein: The frequency corresponding to the received power includes one of the following: Carrier frequency; Carrier frequency +BLF and carrier frequency -BLF; Carrier frequency + BLF; Carrier frequency-BLF.

7. The signal measurement method according to claim 4, wherein: The signal-to-noise ratio includes one of the following: The ratio of the useful signal received power to the power density within the target bandwidth; The ratio of useful signal received power to total received power; The ratio of the useful signal received power to the noise power; The ratio of the useful signal received power to the sum of the noise power and the interference power; The ratio of the useful signal received power to the difference between the total received power and the useful signal received power.

8. The signal measurement method according to claim 1, wherein: The path loss is a round-trip path loss, and the round-trip path loss is determined based on one of the following: a ratio or difference between a receive power of the second device and a transmit power of the second device; The ratio or difference between the second device receiving power and the second device transmitting power minus the first antenna gain, where the first antenna gain is the sum of the first device receiving / transmitting antenna gain and the second device receiving / transmitting antenna gain.

9. The signal measurement method according to claim 1, wherein: The path loss is a one-way path loss, and the one-way path loss is determined based on one of the following: a ratio or difference between the second device's receive power and the first device's transmit power; The ratio or difference between the second device receiving power and the first device transmitting power minus the second antenna gain, where the second antenna gain is the sum of the first device transmitting antenna gain and the second device receiving antenna gain.

10. The signal measurement method according to claim 3, wherein: The distance calculation result between the first device and the second device is obtained by one of the following methods: Calculated according to the received power of the second device; The signal is obtained by calculation based on the round-trip time taken for the second device to receive the first signal.

11. The signal measurement method according to claim 3 or 10, wherein: The method further comprises at least one of the following: A calculation method for sending, by the second device, the distance calculation result to the third device or the first device, the calculation method including: based on power measurement or based on time measurement; or, The second device sends the measurement quality of the distance calculation result to the third device or the first device.

12. The signal measurement method according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein: The second device sending the first measurement result to a third device or the first device includes one of the following: Each time the second device successfully detects the first device or the first signal, the second device sends a corresponding measurement result to the third device or the first device; Sending to a third device or the first device the number M of successful detections of the first device or the first signal within the time range T or the total number of detections N, and the measurement result corresponding to each successful detection of the first device or the first signal; or The number M of successful detections of the first device or the first signal within the time range T or the total number of detections N, and a measurement result are sent to the third device or the first device.

13. The signal measurement method according to claim 12, wherein: The single measurement result is obtained based on a joint processing of M measurement results, or the single measurement result is a most recent measurement result; The joint processing includes one of the following: taking an average, taking a median, taking a maximum value, taking a minimum value, and taking an average of K measurement results among the M measurement results.

14. The signal measurement method according to any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein: The method further includes: the second device sending identification information associated with the first measurement result to a third device or the first device; The identification information includes at least one of the following: a first signal identifier; a first timestamp, where the first timestamp is used to identify a time when the first signal is measured; a receiving antenna identifier of the second device.

15. The signal measurement method according to any one of claims 1 to 14, wherein: The method further comprises: When the second device successfully detects the first signal, the second device sends at least one of the first device information, the number of successful detections of the first device, and the success rate of detection of the first device to the third device or the first device; The first device information includes at least one of the following: an ID of the first device, a coding mode, a backscatter link frequency BLF, a modulation mode, and an active / passive indication; The number of successful detections of the first device includes: the number M of successful detections of the first device within a time range T or a total number of detections N; The first device detection success rate includes: a ratio of the number M of successful detections of the first device to the total number N of detections within a time range T or a total number N of detections.

16. The signal measurement method according to claim 12 or 15, wherein: The time range T is 1 window; The configuration of the window includes at least one of: window length, window start time and window period.

17. The signal measurement method according to any one of claims 15 to 16, wherein: The method further comprises: The second device sends a second timestamp associated with the number of successful detections of the first device or the success rate of detections of the first device to the third device or the first device.

18. The signal measurement method according to any one of claims 1 to 17, wherein: Before the second device sends the first measurement result to the third device or the first device, the method further includes: The second device receives first indication information from the third device or the first device, where the first indication information is used to indicate content reported by the second device.

19. The signal measurement method according to any one of claims 1 to 18, wherein: The method further comprises: The second device sends first positioning assistance information to the third device or the first device, and the first positioning assistance information includes at least one of the following: the second device transmission power, the second device receiving / transmitting antenna gain, and the product of the second device transmission power and the second device receiving / transmitting antenna gain.

20. The signal measurement method according to any one of claims 1 to 19, wherein: The method further comprises: The second device receives the equivalent reflection coefficient from the first device; Alternatively, the second device receives the equivalent reflection coefficient from the first device, and sends the equivalent reflection coefficient to the third device; The equivalent reflection coefficient is used to determine position-related information of the second device and the first device.

21. The signal measurement method according to claim 20, wherein: The equivalent reflection coefficient is related to at least one of the first device's transmit / receive antenna gain, the first device's power transmission efficiency factor, and the first device's reflection amplification coefficient.

22. The signal measurement method according to claim 20, wherein: The equivalent reflection coefficient is related to the capability or type of the first device.

23. The signal measurement method according to any one of claims 1 to 22, wherein: The method further comprises: The second device receives second positioning assistance information from the first device; Alternatively, the second device receives the second positioning assistance information from the first device, and sends the second positioning assistance information to the third device; The second positioning assistance information includes at least one of the following: the transmission power of the first device, the receiving / transmitting antenna gain of the first device, the power transmission efficiency factor of the first device, and the reflection amplification coefficient of the first device.

24. A signal measurement method, comprising: The first device sends a first signal, where the first signal is used by the second device to measure and obtain a first measurement result, where the first measurement result is used to determine location-related information of the second device and the first device; The first measurement result includes at least one of the following: received power, path loss, information used to determine the location-related information, and measurement quality; The location-related information includes at least one of the following: proximity relationship information, location information of the first device, and location information of the second device.

25. The signal measurement method according to claim 24, wherein: In the case where the first device is an environmental Internet of Things device, the first signal is a backscattered signal, the first signal includes one of OOK, ASK, FSK, and PSK modulated signals, or the first signal is a signal dedicated to determining or positioning proximity relationship information.

26. The signal measurement method according to any one of claims 24-25, wherein: The method further comprises at least one of the following: The first device receives the first measurement result; Based on the first measurement result, position-related information of the second device and the first device is determined.

27. The signal measurement method according to any one of claims 24 to 26, wherein: The information used to determine the location-related information includes: a calculated distance result between the first device and the second device; Direct path LOS / indirect path NLOS indication.

28. The signal measurement method according to any one of claims 24 to 27, wherein: The method further comprises: The first device receives identification information associated with the first measurement result from the second device, where the identification information is used to distinguish multiple measurement results sent by the second device; The identification information includes at least one of the following: a first signal identifier; a first timestamp, where the first timestamp is used to identify a time when the first signal is measured; a receiving antenna identifier of the second device.

29. The signal measurement method according to any one of claims 24 to 28, wherein: The method further comprises: The first device receives at least one of the first device information, the number of successful detections of the first device, and the success rate of detections of the first device sent by the second device; The first device information includes at least one of the following: an ID of the first device, a coding mode, a backscatter link frequency BLF, a modulation mode, and an active / passive indication; The number of successful detections of the first device includes: the number M of successful detections of the first device within a time range T or a total number of detections N; The first device detection success rate includes: a ratio of the number M of successful detections of the first device to the total number N of detections within a time range T or a total number N of detections.

30. The signal measurement method according to any one of claims 24 to 29, wherein: The method further comprises: The first device sends first indication information to the second device, where the first indication information is used to indicate content reported by the second device.

31. The signal measurement method according to any one of claims 24 to 30, wherein: The method further comprises at least one of the following: receiving first positioning assistance information from the second device; receiving first positioning assistance information from the second device, and sending the first positioning assistance information to a third device; The first positioning assistance information includes at least one of the following: the transmission power of the second device, the receiving / transmitting antenna gain of the second device, and the product of the transmission power of the second device and the receiving / transmitting antenna gain of the second device.

32. The signal measurement method according to any one of claims 24 to 31, wherein: The method further comprises: The first device sends an equivalent reflection coefficient to the second device or the third device, where the equivalent reflection coefficient is used to determine position-related information of the second device and the first device.

33. The signal measurement method according to claim 32, wherein: The equivalent reflection coefficient is related to at least one of a receiving / transmitting antenna gain, a power transmission efficiency factor, and a reflection amplification coefficient of the first device.

34. The signal measurement method according to claim 32, wherein: The equivalent reflection coefficient is related to the capability or type of the first device.

35. The signal measurement method according to any one of claims 32 to 34, wherein: The equivalent reflection coefficient is sent in one of the following ways: explicitly or implicitly sending a capability level indication corresponding to the first device, where the capability level indication is used to identify the equivalent reflection coefficient; The value of the equivalent reflection coefficient is sent.

36. The signal measurement method according to any one of claims 24 to 31, wherein: The method further comprises: The first device sends second positioning assistance information to the second device or the third device, and the second positioning assistance information includes at least one of the following: the first device transmission power, the first device receiving / transmitting antenna gain, the first device power transmission efficiency factor, and the first device reflection amplification coefficient.

37. The signal measurement method according to claim 36, wherein: The second positioning assistance information is sent in one of the following ways: explicitly or implicitly sending a capability level indication corresponding to the first device, where the capability level indication is used to identify the second positioning assistance information; Send the value of the second positioning assistance information.

38. A signal measuring device comprising: a measuring unit, configured to measure a first signal from a first device; a first processing unit, configured to send a first measurement result to a third device or the first device, or determine location-related information of the second device and the first device; The first measurement result includes at least one of the following: received power, path loss, information used to determine the location-related information, and measurement quality; The location-related information includes at least one of the following: proximity relationship information, location information of the first device, and location information of the second device.

39. A signal measuring device comprising: A sixth sending unit is configured to send a first signal, where the first signal is used for measurement by a second device to obtain a first measurement result, where the first measurement result is used to determine location-related information of the second device and the first device; The first measurement result includes at least one of the following: received power, path loss, information used to determine the location-related information, and measurement quality; The location-related information includes at least one of the following: proximity relationship information, location information of the first device, and location information of the second device.

40. A second device comprising a processor and a memory, wherein the memory stores a program or instruction executable on the processor, and wherein the program or instruction, when executed by the processor, implements the steps of the signal measurement method according to any one of claims 1 to 23.

41. A first device comprising a processor and a memory, wherein the memory stores a program or instruction that can be run on the processor, and when the program or instruction is executed by the processor, the steps of the signal measurement method according to any one of claims 24 to 37 are implemented.

42. A readable storage medium storing a program or instruction, wherein the program or instruction, when executed by a processor, implements the signal measurement method according to any one of claims 1 to 23, or implements the steps of the signal measurement method according to any one of claims 24 to 37.

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