Combustor and application

Abstract

The present application discloses a combustor and an application. The combustor comprises a first air inlet region, a second buffer chamber, a mixing combustion chamber, and airflow distribution pipes. The first air inlet region and the second buffer chamber are both communicated with the mixing combustion chamber; and a first gas and a second gas respectively enter the mixing combustion chamber from the first air inlet region and the second buffer chamber for mixing and combustion. The airflow distribution pipes are arranged in the mixing combustion chamber; the airflow distribution pipes are communicated with the second buffer chamber; and third distribution holes are formed in the pipe walls of the airflow distribution pipes. The first air inlet region is located on the upper side of the mixing combustion chamber. The airflow distribution pipes extend from one vertical sidewall of the mixing combustion chamber to the other vertical sidewall. A region between the upper outer sidewall of each airflow distribution pipe and the top inner side surface of the mixing combustion chamber is a third buffer region. The height of the third buffer region is set to L1, and the height of the mixing combustion chamber is set to H1, satisfying L1 / H1=0.1-0.3. The present application can be widely applied to the technical field of combustors.

Description

Burner and its application Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of burners, and in particular to a burner and its application. Background Art

[0002] Solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) are a power generation method whose energy conversion efficiency is not limited by the Carnot cycle. They are highly efficient, safe, and widely applicable, and are currently attracting increasing attention. With power conversion efficiencies exceeding 65%, SOFCs hold broad application prospects in distributed energy, as well as in marine and vehicle propulsion. Catalytic combustors, a type of burner, are widely used because they utilize catalysis to carry out reactions, eliminating the need to consider issues such as fluctuating gas composition and multi-point ignition.

[0003] Among them, after the unreacted exhaust gas in the fuel cell stack enters the catalytic burner, it reacts and releases heat under the action of the catalyst inside the burner. Since the gas entering the burner is the exhaust gas that has not fully reacted in the fuel cell stack, the calorific value of the fuel gas is very low, and the oxygen content in the air is less than 16%. Currently, common burners have the following three problems: (1) Low combustion efficiency and incomplete combustion of exhaust gas, resulting in the exhaust gas of the SOFC system not meeting the emission standards; (2) High pressure drop, resulting in high back pressure requirements for the SOFC fuel cell stack, and unable to provide a uniform air and gas mixture distribution within the limited pressure drop range; (3) The combustion chamber wall temperature and the outlet interface temperature are uneven. The uneven wall temperature increases the thermal stress load of the metal material, and the uneven outlet interface temperature is not conducive to the operation of the back-end heat exchanger.

[0004] Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to solve at least one of the above technical problems, the present application provides a burner and its application, and the technical solution adopted is as follows.

[0006] The burner provided in this application is applied to a SOFC system.

[0007] The burner provided in the present application includes a first air intake area, a second buffer chamber, a mixed combustion chamber and an air flow distribution pipe, the first air intake area and the second buffer chamber are both communicated with the mixed combustion chamber, and the first gas and the second gas enter the mixed combustion chamber from the first air intake area and the second buffer chamber respectively to mix and burn; the air flow distribution pipe is arranged in the mixed combustion chamber, and the air flow distribution pipe is communicated with the second buffer chamber, and the tube wall of the air flow distribution pipe is provided with a third distribution hole; wherein, the first air intake area is located on the upper side of the mixed combustion chamber, the air flow distribution pipe extends from the vertical side wall of the mixed combustion chamber to another vertical side wall, and the area between the outer side wall of the upper side of the air flow distribution pipe and the inner side surface of the top of the mixed combustion chamber is the third buffer zone, the height of the third buffer zone is set to L1, and the height of the mixed combustion chamber is set to H1, satisfying L1 / H1 is 0.1 to 0.3.

[0008] In certain embodiments of the present application, the third distribution hole is provided on the tube wall on the lower side of the airflow distribution tube.

[0009] In certain embodiments of the present application, the air flow distribution pipe is arranged horizontally, and the third distribution hole is obtained on the tube wall of the lower half of the air flow distribution pipe by using the horizontal symmetry plane of the air flow distribution pipe as the boundary, along the radial opening of the air flow distribution pipe, or along the horizontal axis opening that does not exceed the height of the horizontal symmetry plane of the air flow distribution pipe.

[0010] In certain embodiments of the present application, the burner includes fins, which are arranged in the mixed combustion chamber. The fins are located below the airflow distribution tube. The distance between the outer wall of the lower side of the airflow distribution tube and the top of the fin is set to L2. The height of the mixed combustion chamber is set to H1, satisfying that L2 / H1 is 0.1 to 0.3.

[0011] In certain embodiments of the present application, the diameter of the airflow distribution pipe is D, and the diameter of the third distribution hole is D3, satisfying D / D3≥2.5.

[0012] In certain embodiments of the present application, the diameter of the air flow distribution pipe is D, and the height of the second buffer chamber is set to H2, satisfying: D / H2 is 0.15 to 0.5.

[0013] In certain embodiments of the present application, the outer peripheral side wall area of ​​the airflow distribution pipe is S2, and the total area formed by the third distribution holes on the airflow distribution pipe is S3, satisfying S3 / S2 is 0.1 to 0.4.

[0014] In certain embodiments of the present application, the first air intake zone is provided with a first distribution hole and a second distribution hole, and the first distribution hole and the second distribution hole form an opening at the top of the mixing combustion chamber. The aperture D1 of the first distribution hole is larger than the aperture D2 of the second distribution hole, satisfying: D1 / D2 is 1.1 to 1.5.

[0015] In certain embodiments of the present application, the second buffer chamber and the mixed combustion chamber are both configured as annular chambers, the second buffer chamber is configured on one side of the mixed combustion chamber, the first air intake area is provided with a first annular area and a second annular area having the same central axis, the first distribution hole is provided in the first annular area, the second distribution hole is provided in the second annular area, and the first distribution hole and the second distribution hole are staggered.

[0016] In certain embodiments of the present application, the first annular area is provided with at least one circle of the first distribution holes, and the second annular area is provided with at least one circle of the second distribution holes. The opening area formed by the first distribution holes and the second distribution holes in the first air intake zone is set to S1, and the area of ​​the first air intake zone is S, satisfying S1 / S is 0.3 to 0.9.

[0017] In certain embodiments of the present application, the mixed combustion chamber is configured as an annular chamber, and in the mixed combustion chamber, at least two airflow distribution pipes are arranged circumferentially spaced apart, the sum of the diameters of each airflow distribution pipe is set to X, and the circumference of the inner wall of the inner cavity of the mixed combustion chamber is set to C, satisfying X / C is 0.35 to 0.8.

[0018] The embodiments of the present application have at least the following beneficial effects: in a burner, a first gas enters a mixed combustion chamber from a first air intake zone, and a second gas enters the mixed combustion chamber from a second buffer chamber via an airflow distribution pipe. Furthermore, a third buffer zone is provided at the top of the mixed combustion chamber between the airflow distribution pipe and the first air intake zone, providing a buffer space for the first gas entering the mixed combustion chamber. This ensures uniform airflow of the first gas and promotes thorough mixing of the first and second gases. The present application can be widely applied in the field of burner technology. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] The aspects and advantages described and / or attached in the embodiments of the present application will become apparent and easily understood in conjunction with the following drawings. It should be noted that the embodiments embodied in the following drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present application and are not to be construed as limiting the present application.

[0020] Figure 1-1 is a structural diagram of the burner.

[0021] Figure 1-2 is a top-down view of the structure in Figure 1-1.

[0022] Figure 1-3 is a structural diagram of the mixed combustion chamber.

[0023] FIG1-4 is a top-down view of the structure in FIG1-3.

[0024] Figure 2-1 is a BB cross-sectional view in Figure 1-1.

[0025] Figure 2-2 is a CC cross-sectional view in Figure 1-2.

[0026] Figure 2-3 is a partial view of area A in Figure 2-2.

[0027] Figure 3-1 is the CC cross-sectional view in Figure 1-2.

[0028] Figure 3-2 is a partial view of area A in Figure 2-2.

[0029] Figure 4-1 is a structural diagram of the air flow distribution pipe.

[0030] FIG4-2 is a cross-sectional view of the air flow distribution pipe along the horizontal symmetry plane, showing that two rows of third distribution holes are symmetrically arranged.

[0031] FIG4-3 is a cross-sectional view of the air flow distribution pipe along the horizontal symmetry plane, showing that two rows of third distribution holes are staggered.

[0032] FIG5-1 is a cross-sectional view of the air flow distribution pipe, which shows that the symmetrically arranged third distribution holes are obtained by opening holes along the horizontal axis or by opening holes in the horizontal radial direction along the pipe wall.

[0033] FIG5-2 is a cross-sectional view of the airflow distribution pipe, showing that the third distribution hole obtained by drilling along the vertical radial direction is located directly below the pipe wall on the lower side of the airflow distribution pipe.

[0034] FIG5-3 is a cross-sectional view of the air flow distribution pipe, which shows that the mutually symmetrical third distribution holes are obtained by opening holes along the inclined radial direction.

[0035] FIG5-4 is a cross-sectional view of the air flow distribution pipe, which shows that the mutually symmetrical third distribution holes are obtained by drilling along a horizontal axis below the horizontal symmetry plane.

[0036] Figure 5-5 is a cross-sectional view of the air flow distribution pipe, which shows that the third distribution holes are arranged in three rows.

[0037] Figure 5-6 is a cross-sectional view of the air flow distribution pipe, which shows that the third distribution holes are arranged in three rows.

[0038] Figure 5-7 is a cross-sectional view of the air flow distribution pipe, which shows that the third distribution holes are arranged in three rows.

[0039] Figure numerals: 100, first air intake area; 110, first distribution hole; 120, second distribution hole; 200, second buffer chamber; 210, air flow connecting hole; 220, air flow distribution pipe; 221, third distribution hole; 300, mixed combustion chamber; 310, fin; 400, top plate; 500, third buffer zone. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The following describes in detail embodiments of the present application with reference to Figures 1-1 to 5-7. Examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended only to explain the present application and are not to be construed as limiting the present application.

[0041] In the description of this application, it should be understood that if the terms "center", "middle", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like appear, the orientation or position relationship indicated is based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on this application. Features defined as "first" and "second" are used to distinguish feature names, rather than having special meanings. In addition, features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of this application, unless otherwise specified, "multiple" means two or more.

[0042] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; mechanical connections or electrical connections; direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and internal connections between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0043] The present application relates to an application of a burner, and the burner is applied to a SOFC system.

[0044] The present application relates to a burner, which includes a first air intake area 100, a second buffer chamber 200, and a mixed combustion chamber 300. The first air intake area 100 is located on the upper side of the mixed combustion chamber 300, and the second buffer chamber 200 is located on the side of the mixed combustion chamber 300. Furthermore, the first air intake area 100 and the second buffer chamber 200 are both connected to the mixed combustion chamber 300. A first gas enters the mixed combustion chamber 300 from the first air intake area 100, and a second gas enters the mixed combustion chamber 300 from the second buffer chamber 200. The first gas and the second gas are mixed and burned in the mixed combustion chamber 300.

[0045] The burner includes a top plate 400, a first air intake zone 100 is arranged on the upper side of the top plate 400, a second buffer chamber 200 is arranged on the lower side of the top plate 400, and a mixed combustion chamber 300 is arranged on the lower side of the top plate 400. The lower side surface of the top plate 400 serves as the top of the second buffer chamber 200 and the mixed combustion chamber 300.

[0046] The burner further includes an airflow distribution pipe 220, whose wall thickness is set to 0.5 to 2.5 mm. The airflow distribution pipe 220 is disposed in the mixed combustion chamber 300 and communicates with the second buffer chamber 200. The wall of the airflow distribution pipe 220 is provided with a third distribution hole 221, which penetrates the wall of the airflow distribution pipe 220 to connect the inner cavity of the airflow distribution pipe 220 with the outside. Specifically, the third distribution hole 221 connects the inner cavity of the airflow distribution pipe 220 with the mixed combustion chamber 300, and the second gas in the second buffer chamber 200 enters the mixed combustion chamber 300 through the airflow distribution pipe 220.

[0047] The side wall of the second buffer chamber 200 is provided with an airflow connecting hole 210, and the airflow connecting hole 210 is provided on the side wall between the second buffer chamber 200 and the mixed combustion chamber 300. The airflow distribution pipe 220 is provided at the airflow connecting hole 210, and the airflow distribution pipe 220 is connected with the airflow connecting hole 210 to realize the connection between the airflow distribution pipe 220 and the second buffer chamber 200, and further realize the connection between the second buffer chamber 200 and the mixed combustion chamber 300.

[0048] The air flow distribution pipe 220 extends axially from a vertical side wall of the mixed combustion chamber 300 to the other vertical side wall, and its two ends are respectively connected to the two inner side walls of the mixed combustion chamber 300, so that the air flow distribution pipe 220 is disposed in the mixed combustion chamber 300. Furthermore, the air flow distribution pipe 220 extends in a direction parallel to the inner side surface of the top of the mixed combustion chamber 300. In this case, the air flow distribution pipe 220 is horizontally arranged in the mixed combustion chamber 300.

[0049] The airflow distribution pipe 220 is located below the top plate 400 and below the first air intake area 100. After entering the mixing and combustion chamber 300 from the first air intake area 100, the first gas flows through the outer area of ​​the airflow distribution pipe 220, facilitating thorough mixing of the first and second gases. Furthermore, the height difference between the upper outer wall of the airflow distribution pipe 220 and the inner surface of the top of the mixing and combustion chamber 300 creates a third buffer zone 500, providing a buffer for the first gas entering the mixing and combustion chamber 300.

[0050] In one embodiment, a third distribution hole 221 is provided in the wall of the underside of the airflow distribution tube 220, with at least one third distribution hole 221 being provided. This location of the third distribution hole 221 in the underside wall of the airflow distribution tube 220 allows the second gas to enter the mixing and combustion chamber 300 through the third distribution hole 221 in the underside wall of the airflow distribution tube 220, thereby preventing a large amount of the second gas from escaping into the third buffer zone 500 and preventing the second gas from mixing with the first gas in the third buffer zone 500. Furthermore, the first gas flows from top to bottom, which, driven by the first gas flow, also prevents the second gas from escaping into the third buffer zone 500.

[0051] It should be noted that, when the airflow distribution pipe 220 is arranged horizontally, the pipe wall on the lower side of the airflow distribution pipe 220 is the pipe wall of the lower half, with the horizontal symmetry plane of the airflow distribution pipe 220 as the boundary.

[0052] In some examples, third distribution holes 221 are formed on the wall of the lower half of the airflow distribution tube 220 along a radial direction of the airflow distribution tube 220. The central axis of the third distribution hole 221 is horizontal or inclined. It should be understood that the radial direction of the airflow distribution tube 220 refers to the diameter or radius of the circle around which the wall of the airflow distribution tube 220 is located.

[0053] With reference to FIG5-3 , the third distribution holes 221 formed along the wall of the lower half of the airflow distribution tube 220 along an inclined radial direction are inclined about the central axis, and the airflow direction of the second gas is inclined downward. It should be understood that the inclined radial direction refers to a radial direction that is inclined relative to the vertical direction.

[0054] On the tube wall of the lower half of the airflow distribution tube 220 , a radial hole is opened along the horizontal direction of the airflow distribution tube 220 , and the obtained third distribution hole 221 is an opening with the central axis horizontal.

[0055] In other examples, on the tube wall of the lower half of the air flow distribution tube 220, in combination with Figures 5-4, a third distribution hole 221 is obtained by opening along the horizontal axis, and the height of the horizontal axis does not exceed the height of the horizontal symmetry plane of the air flow distribution tube 220, and the horizontal axis along which the hole is opened is spatially staggered with the central axis of the air flow distribution tube 220.

[0056] If the height of the horizontal axis along which the opening is formed is consistent with the height of the horizontal symmetry plane of the airflow distribution pipe 220 , the obtained third distribution hole 221 takes the horizontal symmetry plane as the symmetry plane of its own hole shape, in conjunction with FIG. 5-1 .

[0057] As an embodiment, the third distribution holes 221 are arranged in 2N rows along the axial direction of the airflow distribution tube 220, where N ≥ 1 and N is a positive integer. The third distribution holes 221 are arranged symmetrically in pairs, with the vertical symmetry plane of the airflow distribution tube 220 serving as the symmetry plane.

[0058] If the third distribution holes 221 are obtained by drilling along the radial direction, the angles between the radial directions along which the two symmetrical third distribution holes 221 are drilled and the vertical symmetry plane are equal.

[0059] If the third distribution holes 221 are obtained by machining along the horizontal axis, two symmetrical third distribution holes 221 are obtained by penetrating the tube wall of the air flow distribution tube 220 during machining.

[0060] Regarding the distribution of the third distribution holes 221 on the tube wall at the lower side of the airflow distribution tube 220 , there are at least the following alternative examples.

[0061] In some alternative examples, the third distribution holes 221 are arranged in 2N rows, where N ≥ 1 and N is a positive integer. The third distribution holes 221 are drilled radially or along a horizontal axis of the tube wall, and the positions of two adjacent rows of third distribution holes 221 are staggered. The positions of two rows of third distribution holes 221 drilled along a horizontal radial direction or along a horizontal axis are staggered.

[0062] In other alternative examples, in combination with Figure 5-2, the third distribution holes 221 are arranged in a row, and the third distribution holes 221 are obtained by drilling holes on the tube wall along the vertical radial direction of the air flow distribution tube 220, so that the third distribution holes 221 are obtained by opening a hole directly below the tube wall on the lower side of the air flow distribution tube 220.

[0063] In some alternative examples, the third distribution holes 221 are arranged in 2N+1 rows, where N ≥ 1 and N is a positive integer. One row of third distribution holes 221 is drilled in the tube wall along the vertical radial direction of the airflow distribution tube 220, and the remaining 2N rows of third distribution holes 221 are drilled along the radial direction of the airflow distribution tube 220 or along the horizontal axis. The rows of third distribution holes 221 are symmetrically distributed. In some examples, with reference to Figures 5-5, 5-6, and 5-7, the third distribution holes 221 are arranged in three rows, one row of third distribution holes 221 being located directly below the tube wall of the airflow distribution tube 220, and the remaining two rows of third distribution holes 221 being symmetrically distributed.

[0064] It should be noted that, compared with conventional burners, the burner designed in the present application is designed to have an air flow distribution pipe 220 extending into the mixed combustion chamber 300. The air flow distribution pipe 220 is further designed with a third distribution hole 221 to distribute the second gas in the form of a shower, which is more conducive to the mixing of the first gas and the second gas in the mixed combustion chamber 300. Combined with the design of the position of the first distribution hole 110 and the second distribution hole 120 and the air flow distribution pipe 220, the combustion organization and temperature distribution uniformity in the mixed combustion chamber 300 are higher, the gas combustion is more complete, and it is more friendly to the wall temperature range and the outlet interface temperature of the mixed combustion chamber 300.

[0065] As an embodiment, the first air intake area 100 is provided with a first distribution hole 110 and a second distribution hole 120. The first distribution hole 110 and the second distribution hole 120 are both communicated with the mixing combustion chamber 300. The first distribution hole 110 and the second distribution hole 120 are both provided on the top plate 400. The first distribution hole 110 and the second distribution hole 120 form an opening at the top of the mixing combustion chamber 300.

[0066] The burner includes a first buffer chamber, which is arranged on the upper side of the top plate 400, and the upper side of the top plate 400 serves as the bottom of the first buffer chamber. The inner cavity of the first buffer chamber is formed as a first air inlet area 100, and the first distribution hole 110 and the second distribution hole 120 are located at the bottom of the first buffer chamber. The first gas enters the first buffer chamber and flows into the mixed combustion chamber 300 from the first distribution hole 110 and the second distribution hole 120. The second gas enters the second buffer chamber 200 and flows into the mixed combustion chamber 300 from the air flow connecting hole 210. The first gas and the second gas mix and react in the mixed combustion chamber 300, releasing high-temperature exhaust gas and discharging it from the burner. It should be noted that the first gas is the exhaust gas of the cathode of the fuel cell stack, and the second gas is the exhaust gas of the anode of the fuel cell stack.

[0067] Furthermore, the aperture of the first distribution hole 110 is larger than the aperture of the second distribution hole 120. The first distribution hole 110 is located away from the air intake side of the first buffer chamber, while the second distribution hole 120 is located closer to the air intake side. In the area near the air intake side of the first buffer chamber, the airflow velocity of the first gas is fast and the airflow volume is large. In the area away from the air intake side, the airflow velocity of the first gas is slow and the airflow volume is small. In this case, the aperture of the second distribution hole 120 near the air intake side is designed to be smaller, while the aperture of the first distribution hole 110 away from the air intake side is larger, thereby increasing the airflow volume of the first distribution hole 110 and allowing the first gas to enter the mixed combustion chamber 300 more evenly.

[0068] It should be noted that the air inlet side of the first buffer chamber is determined based on the actual usage scenario. Accordingly, the first distribution holes 110 and the second distribution holes 120 in the first buffer chamber, designed based on the actual usage scenario, are also arranged based on the set air inlet side. In some examples, the air inlet side is located on the outer sidewall of the first buffer chamber. In other examples, the air inlet side is located on the inner sidewall of the first buffer chamber.

[0069] As an embodiment, in the first air intake zone 100, the first distribution holes 110 and the second distribution holes 120 are arranged in an annular pattern. Specifically, the first air intake zone 100 is provided with a first annular region and a second annular region, which are arranged coaxially at the bottom of the first buffer chamber. Furthermore, the first distribution holes 110 are arranged in the first annular region, and the second distribution holes 120 are arranged in the second annular region, so that the first gas can enter the mixed combustion chamber 300 evenly.

[0070] Furthermore, the first annular region is provided with at least one circle of first distribution holes 110, and the second annular region is provided with at least one circle of second distribution holes 120. The first distribution holes 110 in the same circle are evenly spaced along the circumference of the top plate 400, and the second distribution holes 120 in the same circle are evenly spaced along the top plate 400. It is understood that the annular circumferential arrangement of the first distribution holes 110 and the second distribution holes 120 in the first intake region 100 can further improve the uniformity of the first gas entering the mixed combustion chamber 300.

[0071] In some examples, the first dispensing holes 110 are arranged in a circle.

[0072] In some embodiments, the first distribution holes 110 and the second distribution holes 120 are staggered to improve the uniformity of the airflow in the first air inlet area 100 .

[0073] In one embodiment, the second buffer chamber 200 and the mixed combustion chamber 300 are both configured as annular chambers, and the annular regions of the second buffer chamber 200 and the mixed combustion chamber 300 are coaxial. Specifically, the mixed combustion chamber 300 includes two annular sidewalls, one large and one small, which enclose the annular region of the mixed combustion chamber 300. One of the annular sidewalls serves as the sidewall on the larger diameter side of the mixed combustion chamber 300, and the other serves as the sidewall on the smaller diameter side of the mixed combustion chamber 300. The second buffer chamber 200 is disposed on one side of the mixed combustion chamber 300.

[0074] Furthermore, at least two airflow distribution pipes 220 are circumferentially spaced apart in the mixing and combustion chamber 300. Specifically, multiple airflow distribution pipes 220 are circumferentially spaced apart in the annular chamber formed by the mixing and combustion chamber 300 so that the second gas can evenly enter the mixing and combustion chamber 300 from each airflow distribution pipe 220.

[0075] In some embodiments, the first buffer chamber is configured as an annular chamber. On the upper and lower sides of the top plate 400, the annular regions where the first buffer chamber is located correspond to the annular regions where the mixing and combustion chamber 300 is located, so that the first and second annular regions of the first air intake section 100 correspond to the annular regions where the mixing and combustion chamber 300 is located.

[0076] It should be noted that the annular chamber formed by the first buffer chamber, the second buffer chamber 200 and the mixed combustion chamber 300 is not limited to a circular ring shape, and may also be other annular shapes.

[0077] As an embodiment, the burner includes a fin 310 , which is used to carry a catalyst. There is at least one fin 310 , which is disposed in the mixing combustion chamber 300 and is located below the airflow distribution pipe 220 .

[0078] Furthermore, in the mixing and combustion chamber 300 , fins 310 are extendedly arranged along the circumferential direction of the ring.

[0079] Based on the above description of the structure of the burner, the dimensions of the structure of the burner are further supplemented below with reference to Figures 3-1 and 3-2.

[0080] It should be noted that the distance between the outer wall on the upper side of the airflow distribution pipe 220 and the inner side surface of the top of the mixing combustion chamber 300 is set to L1, that is, the height of the third buffer zone 500 is L1, and the height of the mixing combustion chamber 300 is set to H1, satisfying: L1 / H1 is 0.1 to 0.3.

[0081] If the ratio of L1 / H1 is less than 0.1, the space of the third buffer zone 500 is too small, resulting in uneven and fine flow distribution when the first gas and the second gas are mixed, thereby affecting the distribution of combustion structure and combustion efficiency.

[0082] If the ratio of L1 / H1 is greater than 0.3, it means that the value of L1 is too large, which will affect the installation space of the fin 310 and the size of the mixed combustion chamber 300 .

[0083] As an embodiment, the distance between the outer side wall of the lower side of the air flow distribution pipe 220 and the top of the fin 310 is set to L2, satisfying: L2 / H1 is 0.1 to 0.3.

[0084] If the ratio of L2 / H1 is less than 0.1, the space of the third buffer zone 500 is too small, resulting in uneven and fine flow distribution when the first gas and the second gas are mixed, thereby affecting the distribution of combustion structure and combustion efficiency.

[0085] If the ratio of L2 / H1 is greater than 0.3, it means that the value of L2 is too large, which will affect the installation space of the fin 310 and the size of the mixed combustion chamber 300.

[0086] As an embodiment, the diameter of the air flow distribution pipe 220 is set to D, and the diameter of the third distribution hole 221 is set to D3, satisfying: D / D3≥2.5.

[0087] If the ratio D / D3 is less than 2.5, the size of the third distribution holes 221 is too large. When the second gas enters the airflow distribution pipe 220, the second gas gradually decreases as it flows through the airflow distribution pipe 220. In comparison, more second gas enters the mixed combustion chamber 300 from the third distribution holes 221 on the airflow distribution pipe 220 near the second buffer chamber 200, while less second gas enters the mixed combustion chamber 300 from the third distribution holes 221 on the airflow distribution pipe 220 away from the second buffer chamber 200. This results in different flow rates of the second gas when entering the mixed combustion chamber 300 from different third distribution holes 221, resulting in uneven combustion. This causes the temperature of the inner wall of the mixed combustion chamber 300, which is close to the outer side, to be too high, and the temperature difference in the burner outlet cross section is too large, which reduces the heat exchange efficiency of the rear heat exchanger, thereby affecting the entire system.

[0088] As an embodiment, the outer peripheral side wall area of ​​the air distribution pipe 220 is S2, and the total area formed by the third distribution holes 221 on the air distribution pipe 220 is S3, and S3 / S2 is 0.1 to 0.4.

[0089] If the ratio of S3 / S2 is less than 0.1, the cross-sectional area of ​​the fluid flow is too small, which will cause the structural pressure loss of the air flow distribution pipe 220 to be too high, increase the working back pressure of the fuel cell stack, and affect the service life of the fuel cell stack.

[0090] If the ratio of S3 / S2 is greater than 0.4, the number of third distribution holes 221 arranged on the side wall of the airflow distribution tube 220 is too large and too dense, which is not conducive to the manufacture of the airflow distribution tube 220, and will cause the airflow distribution tube 220 to be unable to play the role of buffering the second gas, thereby causing uneven mixing of the first gas and the second gas, and the second gas is too concentrated on the inner side surface of the mixing combustion chamber 300, resulting in uneven combustion organization and affecting combustion efficiency.

[0091] As an embodiment, the sum of the diameters of the air flow distribution pipes 220 is set to X, and the circumference of the inner wall of the inner cavity of the mixing combustion chamber 300 is set to C, satisfying X / C is 0.35 to 0.8.

[0092] It should be noted that X is the sum of the diameters of the outer side surfaces of the tube walls of each air flow distribution tube 220 .

[0093] If the ratio of X / C is less than 0.3, the total flow cross-sectional area of ​​the second gas is too small, resulting in excessive pressure loss in the overall structure of the burner, increasing the working back pressure of the fuel cell stack and affecting the operating life of the fuel cell stack.

[0094] If the ratio of X / C is greater than 0.9, the distance between adjacent air distribution pipes 220 is too small, which will affect the strength of the burner structure in a high-temperature environment and make it difficult to assemble the air distribution pipes 220 .

[0095] As an embodiment, the height of the second buffer chamber 200 is set to H2, satisfying: D / H2 is 0.15 to 0.5.

[0096] If the ratio of D / H2 is greater than 0.5, when the second buffer chamber 200 and the third buffer zone 500 are both located on the lower side of the top plate 400, the height of the third buffer zone 500 and the airflow buffer height after the first gas and the second gas are mixed will be insufficient, resulting in uneven gas mixing, thereby affecting combustion efficiency.

[0097] If the D / H2 ratio is less than 0.15, two problems may occur: If D is too small, the inlet of the second gas into the mixed combustion chamber 300 is too small, resulting in excessive pressure loss in the overall burner structure, increased operating back pressure of the fuel cell stack, and shortening the operating life of the fuel cell stack. If H2 is too large, the overall burner structure will be too large, reducing the overall integration and increasing manufacturing costs.

[0098] As an embodiment, the diameter of the first distribution hole 110 is set to D1, and the diameter of the second distribution hole 120 is set to D2, satisfying the ratio D1 / D2 of 1.1 to 1.5. This facilitates the distribution of the first gas flow, resulting in a more uniform and stable airflow. Furthermore, the uniform and stable flow of the first gas into the mixed combustion chamber 300 helps reduce the height of the third buffer zone 500.

[0099] If the ratio of D1 / D2 exceeds the above range, it will lead to uneven flow distribution of the first gas, thereby affecting the combustion temperature, and ultimately causing uneven exhaust temperature at the burner outlet.

[0100] As an embodiment, the opening area formed by the first distribution holes 110 and the second distribution holes 120 in the first air intake area 100 is set to S1, the area of ​​the first air intake area 100 is S, and S1 / S is 0.3 to 0.9.

[0101] If the ratio of S1 / S is lower than 0.3, the cross-sectional area of ​​the airflow is too small, which will cause the overall pressure loss of the burner structure to be too high, increase the working back pressure of the fuel cell stack, and affect the operating life of the fuel cell stack.

[0102] If the ratio of S1 / S is greater than 0.9, it means that the openings are too large or too many, and the hole spacing is too small in a limited area, making it difficult to accurately process the hole positions. Even if the holes are processed and formed, the structural strength of the burner in a high-temperature environment will be affected, and the airflow cannot flow evenly, and the first gas cannot have a buffering effect.

[0103] The contents of this application are described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments. It should be noted that the following description is only for illustrative purposes and is not a specific limitation to this application.

[0104] Burner outlet interface temperature uniformity: Use simulation software to simulate the above burner, extract the burner outlet interface temperature cloud map, calculate the standard deviation and average value, and require CoV = standard deviation / average value ≤ 5%.

[0105] Detection of combustible gas components at the outlet: Take the combustion exhaust gas and conduct combustible gas component detection, and the combustible gas is required to be less than 200ppm.

[0106] Temperature uniformity of the mixed combustion chamber surface: Six thermocouples are evenly arranged on the outer surface of the mixed combustion chamber to confirm the outer wall temperature. The outer wall uniformity requires that the standard deviation of the measured data is ≤15.

[0107] Pressure measurement points are placed at the air inlet and exhaust outlet. At an air flow rate of 4000 slm, the air-exhaust pressure difference is required to be ≤400 Pa. It should be noted that the pressure difference test requires a relationship curve between air flow and pressure difference at a certain air flow rate. In this test, an air flow rate of 4000 slm is selected.

[0108] List of Examples

[0109] performance

[0110] analyze

[0111] The ratio of D1 / D2 in Comparative Examples 1 and 2 exceeds the range designed in this application, resulting in uneven distribution of the first gas flow rate, which in turn affects the combustion temperature, incomplete combustion, and ultimately uneven temperature at the burner outlet.

[0112] In Comparative Example 3, the S1 / S ratio is less than 0.3, indicating that the cross-sectional area for fluid flow is too small, resulting in excessive pressure loss across the burner structure. In Comparative Example 4, the S1 / S ratio is greater than 0.9, indicating that the first and second distribution holes are too large or too numerous. Within the limited area of ​​the first air intake zone, the hole spacing is too small, failing to provide a buffering effect for the first gas. This results in low combustion efficiency, irrational combustion structure distribution, and ultimately poor temperature uniformity.

[0113] In Comparative Example 5, the D / H2 ratio was less than 0.15, resulting in an undersized gas distribution pipe and a small inlet for the secondary gas to enter the mixed combustion chamber. This resulted in excessive pressure loss across the burner structure and increased stack operating backpressure. In Comparative Example 6, the D / H2 ratio was greater than 0.5, leading to uneven gas mixing and, in turn, poor combustion organization and efficiency.

[0114] In Comparative Examples 7, 8, 9, and 10, if the ratios of L1 / H1 and L2 / H1 are less than 0.1, it means that the third buffer area is too small, resulting in uneven and uneven flow distribution when the first gas and the second gas are mixed, thereby affecting the distribution of combustion organization and combustion efficiency; if the ratios of L1 / H1 and L2 / H1 are greater than 0.3, it means that L1 or L2 is too long, which will affect the installation space of the fins and the size of the mixed combustion chamber.

[0115] In Comparative Example 11, the X / C ratio is less than 0.3, resulting in a small total cross-sectional area for the second gas flow. This results in excessive pressure loss across the burner structure, increasing the stack's operating backpressure. Furthermore, the difficulty in gas flow leads to low combustion efficiency and poor combustion structure. In Comparative Example 12, the X / C ratio is greater than 0.9, and the spacing between the gas distribution tubes is too small, resulting in uneven flow of the second gas into each gas distribution tube. This, in turn, leads to low combustion efficiency and poor combustion structure distribution.

[0116] In comparative example 13, the ratio of D / D3 is less than 2.5, and the third distribution hole is larger, resulting in uneven gas flow of each third distribution hole along the axial direction of the airflow distribution pipe. The gas flow of the third distribution hole close to the second buffer chamber is large, and the gas flow of the third distribution hole away from the second buffer chamber is small, resulting in a large flow difference between the inner wall surfaces of the mixed combustion chamber. In the lower catalytic combustion area, the inner wall surface close to the second buffer chamber has a larger gas flow rate and more intense combustion, resulting in excessively high inner wall temperature and a large temperature difference at the burner outlet interface.

[0117] In Comparative Example 14, the S3 / S2 ratio is less than 0.1, resulting in a small cross-sectional area for fluid flow, which results in excessively high pressure loss within the air distribution pipe structure. This also leads to poor combustion uniformity and ultimately poor combustion temperature uniformity. In Comparative Example 15, the S3 / S2 ratio is greater than 0.4, and the number of holes arranged in the sidewall of the air distribution pipe is too large or too dense, which is not conducive to the manufacture of the air distribution pipe and does not provide a buffering effect for the second gas. This leads to uneven mixing of the first and second gases and excessive concentration of the second gas flow, resulting in uneven combustion and poor combustion efficiency.

[0118] In the description of this specification, if the reference terms "one embodiment," "some examples," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiment," "example," "specific example," or "some examples" appear, it means that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described can be combined in any appropriate manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

[0119] The above describes the implementation methods of the present application in detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the present application is not limited to the above implementation methods. Various changes can be made within the scope of knowledge possessed by ordinary technicians in the technical field without departing from the purpose of the present application.

[0120] In the description of this application, if the "," appears in the patent title, it indicates an "and" relationship, not an "or" relationship. For example, if the patent title is "A, B", it means that the content protected by this application is: the technical solution of the subject name A and the technical solution of the subject name B.

Claims

1. A burner, characterized in that: include a first air inlet region (100); a second buffer chamber (200); A mixed combustion chamber (300), wherein the first air intake area (100) and the second buffer chamber (200) are both in communication with the mixed combustion chamber (300), and the first gas and the second gas enter the mixed combustion chamber (300) from the first air intake area (100) and the second buffer chamber (200) respectively to mix and burn; an air flow distribution pipe (220), the air flow distribution pipe (220) being arranged in the mixed combustion chamber (300), the air flow distribution pipe (220) being in communication with the second buffer chamber (200), and a third distribution hole (221) being arranged on a pipe wall of the air flow distribution pipe (220); The first air intake zone (100) is located on the upper side of the mixed combustion chamber (300), the air flow distribution pipe (220) extends from the vertical side wall of the mixed combustion chamber (300) to the other vertical side wall, and the area between the outer side wall of the upper side of the air flow distribution pipe (220) and the inner side surface of the top of the mixed combustion chamber (300) is a third buffer zone (500), the height of the third buffer zone (500) is set to L1, and the height of the mixed combustion chamber (300) is set to H1, satisfying that L1 / H1 is 0.1 to 0.

3.

2. The burner according to claim 1, characterized in that: The third distribution hole (221) is provided on the tube wall at the lower side of the airflow distribution tube (220).

3. The burner according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air flow distribution pipe (220) is arranged horizontally, and with the horizontal symmetry plane of the air flow distribution pipe (220) as the boundary, on the pipe wall of the lower half of the air flow distribution pipe (220), the third distribution hole (221) is obtained along the radial opening of the air flow distribution pipe (220), or the third distribution hole (221) is obtained along the horizontal axis opening that does not exceed the height of the horizontal symmetry plane of the air flow distribution pipe (220).

4. The burner according to claim 1, characterized in that: The burner includes a fin (310), which is arranged in the mixed combustion chamber (300). The fin (310) is located below the air flow distribution pipe (220), and the distance between the outer side wall of the lower side of the air flow distribution pipe (220) and the top of the fin (310) is set to L2. The height of the mixed combustion chamber (300) is set to H1, and L2 / H1 is 0.1 to 0.

3.

5. The burner according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The diameter of the airflow distribution pipe (220) is D, and the diameter of the third distribution hole (221) is D3, satisfying D / D3 ≥ 2.5; or, the diameter of the airflow distribution pipe (220) is D, and the height of the second buffer chamber (200) is set to H2, satisfying: D / H2 is 0.15 to 0.5; or, the outer peripheral side wall area of ​​the airflow distribution pipe (220) is S2, and the total area formed by the opening of the third distribution hole (221) on the airflow distribution pipe (220) is S3, satisfying S3 / S2 is 0.1 to 0.

4.

6. The burner according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The first air intake area (100) is provided with a first distribution hole (110) and a second distribution hole (120), and the first distribution hole (110) and the second distribution hole (120) form an opening at the top of the mixed combustion chamber (300), and the aperture D1 of the first distribution hole (110) is larger than the aperture D2 of the second distribution hole (120), satisfying: D1 / D2 is 1.1 to 1.

5.

7. The burner according to claim 6, characterized in that: The second buffer chamber (200) and the mixed combustion chamber (300) are both configured as annular chambers, the second buffer chamber (200) is arranged on one side of the mixed combustion chamber (300), the first air intake area (100) is provided with a first annular area and a second annular area having the same central axis, the first distribution hole (110) is arranged in the first annular area, the second distribution hole (120) is arranged in the second annular area, and the first distribution hole (110) and the second distribution hole (120) are staggered.

8. The burner according to claim 7, characterized in that: The first annular area is provided with at least one circle of the first distribution holes (110), and the second annular area is provided with at least one circle of the second distribution holes (120). The opening area formed by the first distribution holes (110) and the second distribution holes (120) in the first air intake area (100) is set to S1, and the area of ​​the first air intake area (100) is set to S, satisfying that S1 / S is 0.3 to 0.

9.

9. The burner according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The mixed combustion chamber (300) is configured as an annular chamber. In the mixed combustion chamber (300), at least two airflow distribution pipes (220) are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction. The sum of the diameters of the airflow distribution pipes (220) is set to X. The circumference of the inner side wall of the inner cavity of the mixed combustion chamber (300) is set to C, and X / C is satisfied to be 0.35 to 0.

8.

10. An application of a burner, characterized in that: The burner according to any one of claims 1 to 9 is applied to a SOFC system.

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