Method and apparatus related to wireless sensing

Abstract

In one embodiment, a method performed by a first device is provided. For example, the first device can: acquire information related to at least one candidate resource on which a sensing operation of a second device can be performed; and transmit information related to the possibility of performing a sensing operation (i) within the at least one candidate resource of the first device and (ii) on the basis of the direction related to a target sensing area.

Description

Methods and devices related to wireless sensing

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a wireless communication system.

[0002] 5G NR, the successor to LTE (long-term evolution), is a new clean-slate mobile communications system characterized by high performance, low latency, and high availability. 5G NR can utilize all available spectrum resources, from low-frequency bands below 1 GHz, mid-frequency bands between 1 GHz and 10 GHz, and high-frequency (millimeter wave) bands above 24 GHz.

[0003] The 6G (wireless communication) system aims to achieve (i) very high data rates per device, (ii) a very large number of connected devices, (iii) global connectivity, (iv) very low latency, (v) low energy consumption for battery-free Internet of Things (IoT) devices, (vi) ultra-reliable connectivity, and (vii) connected intelligence with machine learning capabilities. The vision of the 6G system can be divided into four aspects: intelligent connectivity, deep connectivity, holographic connectivity, and ubiquitous connectivity, and the 6G system can satisfy the requirements as shown in Table 1 below. For example, Table 1 can represent an example of the requirements of a 6G system.

[0004] Maximum data rate per device: 1 Tbps, E2E latency: 1 ms, Maximum spectral efficiency: 100 bps / Hz, Mobility support: Up to 1000 km / hr, Satellite integration: Fully AI, Fully autonomous driving, Fully XR, Fully haptic communication

[0005] In one embodiment, a method is provided that is performed by a first device. For example, the first device may obtain information related to at least one candidate resource on which a sensing operation of a second device is performable. For example, the first device may transmit information related to the possibility of performing a sensing operation of the first device (i) within the at least one candidate resource and (ii) based on a direction relative to a target sensing area.

[0006] In one embodiment, a first device is provided. The first device may include at least one transceiver; at least one processor; and at least one memory executable connected to the at least one processor and having instructions recorded thereon that cause the first device to perform operations based on being executed by the at least one processor. For example, the operations may include: obtaining information related to at least one candidate resource on which a sensing operation of a second device is available; and / or transmitting information related to the availability of a sensing operation based on a direction relative to (i) the at least one candidate resource and (ii) a target sensing area of ​​the first device.

[0007] In one embodiment, a processing device adapted to control a first device is provided. The processing device may include at least one processor; and at least one memory executable connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the first device to perform operations. For example, the operations may include: obtaining information related to at least one candidate resource on which a sensing operation of a second device is available; and / or transmitting information related to the availability of a sensing operation based on a direction relative to (i) the at least one candidate resource and (ii) a target sensing area of ​​the first device.

[0008] In one embodiment, a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having instructions recorded thereon is proposed. The instructions, when executed, may cause a first device to perform operations. For example, the operations may include: obtaining information related to at least one candidate resource on which a sensing operation of a second device is available; and / or transmitting information related to the availability of a sensing operation based on (i) a direction relative to the at least one candidate resource and (ii) a target sensing area of ​​the first device.

[0009] Figure 1 illustrates a device-to-device communication procedure according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0010] FIG. 2 illustrates a radio protocol architecture according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0011] FIG. 3 illustrates the structure of a wireless frame according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0012] FIG. 4 illustrates a slot structure of a frame according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0013] FIG. 5 illustrates an example of a BWP according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0014] FIG. 6 illustrates a communication structure that can be provided in a 6G system according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0015] FIG. 7 illustrates an example of a communication scenario based on a 6G system according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0016] FIG. 8 illustrates an example of a sensing operation according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0017] FIG. 9 is a diagram for explaining a method related to wireless sensing according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0018] FIG. 10 is a diagram for explaining a method related to wireless sensing according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0019] FIG. 11 is a diagram for explaining a procedure of a method related to wireless sensing according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0020] FIG. 12 is a drawing for explaining a method performed by a first device according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0021] FIG. 13 is a drawing for explaining a method performed by a second device according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0022] Fig. 14 illustrates a communication system (1) according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0023] FIG. 15 illustrates a wireless device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0024] FIG. 16 illustrates a signal processing circuit for a transmission signal according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0025] FIG. 17 illustrates a wireless device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0026] FIG. 18 illustrates a mobile device according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0027] FIG. 19 illustrates a vehicle or autonomous vehicle according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0028] In this disclosure, "A or B" can mean "only A," "only B," or "both A and B." In other words, "A or B" in this disclosure can be interpreted as "A and / or B." For example, "A, B or C" in this disclosure can mean "only A," "only B," "only C," or "any combination of A, B and C."

[0029] As used herein, a slash ( / ) or a comma may mean "and / or." For example, "A / B" may mean "A and / or B." Accordingly, "A / B" may mean "only A," "only B," or "both A and B." For example, "A, B, C" may mean "A, B, or C."

[0030] In the present disclosure, “at least one of A and B” may mean “only A,” “only B,” or “both A and B.” Additionally, in the present disclosure, the expressions “at least one of A or B” or “at least one of A and / or B” may be interpreted identically to “at least one of A and B.”

[0031] Additionally, in the present disclosure, “at least one of A, B and C” can mean “only A,” “only B,” “only C,” or “any combination of A, B and C.” Additionally, “at least one of A, B or C” or “at least one of A, B and / or C” can mean “at least one of A, B and C.”

[0032] Additionally, parentheses used in the present disclosure may mean "for example." Specifically, when indicated as "control information (PDCCH)", "PDCCH" may be proposed as an example of "control information." In other words, "control information" in the present disclosure is not limited to "PDCCH," and "PDCCH" may be proposed as an example of "control information." Furthermore, even when indicated as "control information (i.e., PDCCH)", "PDCCH" may be proposed as an example of "control information."

[0033] In the following explanation, ‘when, if, in case of’ can be replaced with ‘based on’.

[0034] Technical features individually described in one drawing in this disclosure may be implemented individually or simultaneously.

[0035] In the present disclosure, higher layer parameters may be parameters set for the terminal, preset, or predefined. For example, a base station or network may transmit higher layer parameters to the terminal. For example, the higher layer parameters may be transmitted via radio resource control (RRC) signaling or medium access control (MAC) signaling.

[0036] In the present disclosure, "setting or defining" may be interpreted as being set or preset to a device through predefined signaling (e.g., SIB, MAC, RRC, DCI (downlink control information), etc.) from a base station or a network. In the present disclosure, "setting or defining" may be interpreted as being set or preset to a device through predefined signaling (e.g., MAC, RRC, SCI (sidelink control information), device-to-device signaling control information, etc.) from another device. In the present disclosure, "setting or defining" may be interpreted as being set or preset to a device.

[0037] In the present disclosure, a user equipment (UE) may refer to a device, a portable device, a wireless device, etc. In the present disclosure, a base station (BS) may refer to a radio access network (RAN) node, a non-terrestrial network (NTN) cell / node, a transmission reception point (TRP), a network, an integrated access and backhaul (IAB) node, a device, a portable device, a wireless device, etc.

[0038] The technology proposed in the present disclosure can be used in various wireless communication systems such as CDMA (code division multiple access), FDMA (frequency division multiple access), TDMA (time division multiple access), OFDMA (orthogonal frequency division multiple access), and SC-FDMA (single carrier frequency division multiple access). CDMA can be implemented with wireless technologies such as UTRA (universal terrestrial radio access) or CDMA2000. TDMA can be implemented with wireless technologies such as GSM (global system for mobile communications) / GPRS (general packet radio service) / EDGE (enhanced data rates for GSM evolution). OFDMA can be implemented with wireless technologies such as IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers) 802.11 (Wi-Fi), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX), IEEE 802-20, E-UTRA (evolved UTRA), LTE (long term evolution), and 5G NR.

[0039] The technology proposed in this disclosure can be implemented with 6G wireless technology and applied to various 6G systems. For example, 6G systems can have key factors such as enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB), ultra-reliable low latency communications (URLLC), massive machine-type communication (mMTC), artificial intelligence (AI) integrated communication, tactile internet, high throughput, high network capacity, high energy efficiency, low backhaul and access network congestion, and enhanced data security.

[0040] FIG. 1 illustrates a device-to-device communication procedure according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 1 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operations of the embodiments may be omitted.

[0041] Referring to FIG. 1, in step S101, a first device and a second device can perform synchronization. For example, the first device can be a terminal and / or at least one of the devices proposed in the present disclosure. For example, the second device can be a base station, a network, a RAN node, an NTN node / cell, a TRP, a terminal and / or at least one of the devices proposed in the present disclosure. For example, the first device can perform an initial cell search operation. For example, the first device can detect at least one synchronization signal transmitted by the second device according to a predefined rule. Here, for example, the synchronization signal can include a plurality of synchronization signals classified according to a structure or purpose (e.g., a primary synchronization signal, a secondary synchronization signal, etc.). Through this, the first device can identify the boundaries of the frame, subframe, time unit, slot, and / or symbol of the second device, and the first device can obtain information about the second device (e.g., a cell identifier).

[0042] In step S103, the first device can obtain system information transmitted by the second device. For example, the system information may include information related to the properties, characteristics, and / or capabilities of the second device required to connect to the second device and use the service. For example, the system information may be classified according to content (e.g., whether it is essential for connection), transmission structure (e.g., the channel used, whether it is provided on-demand), etc. For example, the system information may be classified into a master information block (MIB) and a system information block (SIB). For example, if necessary, the first device may transmit a signal requesting system information before receiving the system information. For example, the request and provision of system information may be performed after a random access procedure described below.

[0043] In step S105, the first device and the second device can perform a random access procedure. For example, the first device can transmit and / or receive at least one message (e.g., a random access preamble, a random access response message, etc.) for the random access procedure based on information related to a random access channel of the second device obtained through system information (e.g., channel location, channel structure, structure of supported preamble, etc.). For example, the first device can transmit a preamble (e.g., Msg1) through the random access channel, the first device can receive a random access response message (e.g., Msg2), the first device can transmit a message (e.g., Msg3) including information related to the first device (e.g., identification information) to the second device using scheduling information included in the random access response message, and the first device can receive a message (e.g., Msg4) for contention resolution and / or connection establishment. For example, Msg1 and Msg3 can be sent and received as one message (e.g., MsgA), and / or Msg2 and Msg4 can be sent and received as one message (e.g., MsgB).

[0044] In step S107, the first device and the second device may perform signaling of control information. Here, for example, the control information may be defined in various layers, such as a layer that controls a connection (e.g., a radio resource control (RRC) layer), a layer that handles mapping between logical channels and transport channels (e.g., a media access control (MAC) layer), a layer that handles physical channels (e.g., a physical (PHY) layer), etc. For example, the first device and the second device may perform at least one of signaling for establishing a connection, signaling for determining settings related to communication, and / or signaling for indicating allocated resources. For example, the control information may be signaled / transmitted via a control channel. For example, the control information and / or the control channel may be used to schedule at least one of data, a data channel (e.g., a shared channel), and / or control information on the data channel.

[0045] For example, it may include control information / channel sidelink control information (SCI) / channel (PSCCH / PSSCH), or downlink control information (DCI) / channel (PDCCH / PDSCH) (for scheduling of sidelink), or uplink control information (UCI) / channel (PUCCH / PUSCH) (for feedback transmission of sidelink).

[0046] Below, an example of DCI format 3_0 is described.

[0047] DCI format 3_0 is used for scheduling NR PSCCH and NR PSSCH in one cell.

[0048] The following information is transmitted via DCI format 3_0 with CRC scrambled by SL-RNTI or SL-CS-RNTI.

[0049] - Resource Pool Index - ceiling (log2I) bits, where I is the number of resource pools for transmission, set by the upper layer parameter sl-TxPoolScheduling.

[0050] - Time gap - 3 bits determined by the upper layer parameter sl-DCI-ToSL-Trans

[0051] - HARQ process number - 4 bits

[0052] - New data indicator - 1 bit

[0053] - Lowest index of subchannel allocation for initial transmission - ceiling (log2(N SL subChannel)) bit

[0054] - SCI Format 1-A Field: Frequency Resource Allocation, Time Resource Allocation

[0055] - PSFCH-to-HARQ feedback timing indicator - ceiling (log2N fb_timing ) bits, where N fb_timing is the number of entries of the upper layer parameter sl-PSFCH-ToPUCCH.

[0056] - PUCCH resource indicator - 3 bits

[0057] - Configuration Index - 0 bit if the UE is not configured to monitor DCI format 3_0 with CRC scrambled by SL-CS-RNTI; otherwise, 3 bits. If the UE is configured to monitor DCI format 3_0 with CRC scrambled by SL-CS-RNTI, this field is reserved for DCI format 3_0 with CRC scrambled by SL-RNTI.

[0058] - Counter sidelink allocation index - 2 bits, 2 bits if the UE is set to pdsch-HARQ-ACK-Codebook = dynamic, 2 bits if the UE is set to pdsch-HARQ-ACK-Codebook = semi-static

[0059] - Padding bits if needed

[0060] Below, an example of SCI format 1-A is described.

[0061] SCI Format 1-A is a 2-bit format on the PSSCH and PSSCH nd -stage is used for scheduling SCI.

[0062] The following information is transmitted using SCI Format 1-A.

[0063] - Priority - 3 bits

[0064] - Frequency resource allocation - If the value of the upper layer parameter sl-MaxNumPerReserve is set to 2, then ceiling (log2(N SL subChannel(N SL subChannel+1) / 2)) bits; otherwise, if the value of the upper layer parameter sl-MaxNumPerReserve is set to 3, ceiling log2(N SL subChannel(N SL subChannel+1)(2N SL subChannel+1) / 6) bits

[0065] - Time resource allocation - 5 bits if the value of the upper layer parameter sl-MaxNumPerReserve is set to 2; otherwise, 9 bits if the value of the upper layer parameter sl-MaxNumPerReserve is set to 3.

[0066] - Resource reservation cycle - ceiling (log2N) rsv_period ) bits, where N rsv_periodThe number of entries in the upper layer parameter sl-ResourceReservePeriodList if the upper layer parameter sl-MultiReserveResource is set; otherwise, 0 bits.

[0067] - DMRS pattern - ceiling (log2N pattern ) bits, where N pattern is the number of DMRS patterns set by the upper layer parameter sl-PSSCH-DMRS-TimePatternList.

[0068] - 2 nd -stage SCI format - 2 bits as defined in Table 2

[0069] - Beta_Offsets indicator - 2 bits as provided by the upper layer parameter sl-BetaOffsets2ndSCI

[0070] - Number of DMRS ports - 1 bit as defined in Table 3

[0071] - Modulation and coding method - 5 bits

[0072] - Additional MCS table indicator - 1 bit if one MCS table is set by the upper layer parameter sl-Additional-MCS-Table; 2 bits if two MCS tables are set by the upper layer parameter sl-Additional-MCS-Table; otherwise 0 bits

[0073] - PSFCH Overhead Indicator - 1 bit if the upper layer parameter sl-PSFCH-Period = 2 or 4; otherwise 0 bit

[0074] - Reserved bits - The number of bits determined by the upper layer parameter sl-NumReservedBits, whose value is set to 0.

[0075] 2nd-stage SCI format field value 2nd-stage SCI format 00 SCI format 2-A01 SCI format 2-B10 Reserved 11 Reserved

[0076] The value of the DMRS port number field is 0100011000 and 1001.

[0077] Below, an example of SCI format 2-A is described.

[0078] In HARQ operation, when HARQ-ACK information contains ACK or NACK, or when HARQ-ACK information contains only NACK, or when there is no feedback of HARQ-ACK information, SCI format 2-A is used for decoding PSSCH.

[0079] The following information is transmitted via SCI Format 2-A.

[0080] - HARQ process number - 4 bits

[0081] - New data indicator - 1 bit

[0082] - Redundancy version - 2 bits

[0083] - Source ID - 8 bits

[0084] - Destination ID - 16 bits

[0085] - HARQ feedback enable / disable indicator - 1 bit

[0086] - Cast type indicator - 2 bits as defined in Table 4

[0087] - CSI request - 1 bit

[0088] Cast Type Indicator ValueCast Type00Broadcast01Groupcast if HARQ-ACK information contains ACK or NACK10Unicast11Groupcast if HARQ-ACK information contains only NACK

[0089] Below, an example of SCI format 2-B is described.

[0090] In HARQ operation, when HARQ-ACK information contains only NACK or there is no feedback of HARQ-ACK information, SCI format 2-B is used for decoding PSSCH.

[0091] The following information is transmitted via SCI Format 2-B.

[0092] - HARQ process number - 4 bits

[0093] - New data indicator - 1 bit

[0094] - Redundancy version - 2 bits

[0095] - Source ID - 8 bits

[0096] - Destination ID - 16 bits

[0097] - HARQ feedback enable / disable indicator - 1 bit

[0098] - Zone ID - 12 bits

[0099] - Communication range requirement - 4 bits determined by the upper layer parameter sl-ZoneConfigMCR-Index

[0100] For example, the allocated resources may include resources allocated via resource allocation mode 1 and / or resource allocation mode 2.

[0101] In resource allocation mode 1, the base station can schedule SL resources to be used by the terminal for SL transmission. For example, in step S800, the base station can transmit information related to SL resources and / or information related to UL resources to the first terminal. For example, the UL resources may include PUCCH resources and / or PUSCH resources. For example, the UL resources may be resources for reporting SL HARQ feedback to the base station.

[0102] For example, a first terminal may receive information related to a dynamic grant (DG) resource and / or information related to a configured grant (CG) resource from a base station. For example, a CG resource may include a CG type 1 resource or a CG type 2 resource. In this specification, a DG resource may be a resource that a base station configures / allocates to the first terminal via downlink control information (DCI). In this specification, a CG resource may be a (periodic) resource that a base station configures / allocates to the first terminal via DCI and / or an RRC message. For example, in the case of a CG type 1 resource, the base station may transmit an RRC message including information related to the CG resource to the first terminal. For example, in the case of a CG type 2 resource, the base station may transmit an RRC message including information related to the CG resource to the first terminal, and the base station may transmit a DCI related to activation or release of the CG resource to the first terminal.

[0103] Based on the resource scheduling, the first terminal can transmit a PSCCH (e.g., Sidelink Control Information (SCI) or 1st-stage SCI) to the second terminal. In step S820, the first terminal can transmit a PSSCH (e.g., 2nd-stage SCI, MAC PDU, data, etc.) related to the PSCCH to the second terminal. In step S830, the first terminal can receive a PSFCH related to the PSCCH / PSSCH from the second terminal. For example, HARQ feedback information (e.g., NACK information or ACK information) can be received from the second terminal via the PSFCH. In step S840, the first terminal can transmit / report HARQ feedback information to the base station via a PUCCH or a PUSCH. For example, the HARQ feedback information reported to the base station may be information generated by the first terminal based on the HARQ feedback information received from the second terminal. For example, the HARQ feedback information reported to the base station may be information generated by the first terminal based on a rule set in advance. For example, the DCI may be DCI for scheduling SL.

[0104] In resource allocation mode 2, the terminal can determine SL transmission resources within the SL resources configured by the base station / network or within preset SL resources. For example, the configured SL resources or preset SL resources can be a resource pool. For example, the terminal can autonomously select or schedule resources for SL transmission. For example, the terminal can perform SL communication by selecting resources within the configured resource pool. For example, the terminal can perform resource sensing (e.g., a procedure for measuring reference signal received power (RSRP) on PSCCH (SCI) within an (a)periodic sensing window and / or excluding resources from candidate resources for transmission if the RSRP measurement value is higher than a threshold (e.g., a threshold based on SCI)) and a resource (re)selection procedure, thereby selecting resources within a resource selection window (e.g., a resource selection window having a length / end time based on a (remaining) packet delay budget). For example, the sensing can be performed on a subchannel basis. For example, in step S810, a first terminal that has selected a resource within a resource pool can transmit a PSCCH (e.g., Sidelink Control Information (SCI) or 1st-stage SCI) to a second terminal using the resource. In step S820, the first terminal can transmit a PSSCH (e.g., 2nd-stage SCI, MAC PDU, data, etc.) related to the PSCCH to the second terminal. In step S830, the first terminal can receive a PSFCH related to the PSCCH / PSSCH from the second terminal.

[0105] The operations for communication of the present disclosure may be applied to operations for positioning and / or operations for integrated sensing and communications (ISAC).

[0106] Below, a terminal procedure for determining a subset of resources to be reported to a higher layer in terminal-to-terminal communication (e.g., sidelink) resource allocation mode 2 is described.

[0107] In resource allocation mode 2, the upper layer may request the terminal to determine a subset of resources from which the upper layer will select resources for terminal-to-terminal physical channel (e.g., PSSCH / PSCCH) transmission. To trigger this procedure, in slot n, the upper layer provides the following parameters for the terminal-to-terminal physical channel (e.g., PSSCH / PSCCH) transmission.

[0108] - Resource pool from which resources will be reported;

[0109] - L1 priority, prio TX ;

[0110] - Remaining PDB (packet delay budget);

[0111] - The number L of subchannels to be used for terminal-to-terminal physical channel (e.g., PSSCH / PSCCH) transmission within a slot. subCH ;

[0112] - Optionally, resource reservation interval P in msec rsvpTX

[0113] - If a higher layer requests a terminal to determine a subset of resources to select for terminal-to-terminal physical channel (e.g., PSSCH / PSCCH) transmission as part of a re-evaluation or pre-emption procedure, the higher layer provides a set of resources (r0, r1, r2, ...) that can be re-evaluated and a set of resources (r'0, r'1, r'2, ...) that can be pre-empted.

[0114] - slot r i'' - It is up to the terminal implementation to determine the subset of resources requested by the upper layer before or after T3. Here, r i '' is the slot with the smallest slot index among (r0, r1, r2, ...) and (r'0, r'1, r'2, ...), and T3 is T SL proc,1 is the same as . Here μ SL is the configuration of the subcarrier spacing (e.g., SCS) of the terminal-to-terminal (e.g., SL) partial bandwidth (e.g., BWP).

[0115] The following upper-level parameters influence this procedure:

[0116] - sl-SelectionWindowList: internal parameter T 2min is given prio TX The value is set to the corresponding value from the upper layer parameter sl-SelectionWindowList.

[0117] - sl-Thres-RSRP-List: This upper layer parameter is used to specify each (p i , p j ) provides an RSRP threshold for the combination, where p i is the priority field value included in the received SCI format 1-A and p j is the transmission priority on the resource selected by the terminal; in this procedure, p j = prio TX am.

[0118] - sl-RS-ForSensing selects whether the terminal uses terminal-to-terminal physical shared channel (e.g., PSSCH)-RSRP or terminal-to-terminal physical control channel (e.g., PSCCH)-RSRP measurements.

[0119] - sl-ResourceReservePeriodList

[0120] - sl-SensingWindow: The internal parameter T0 is defined as the number of slots corresponding to sl-SensingWindow msec.

[0121] - sl-TxPercentageList: given prio TX The internal parameter X for sl-TxPercentageList(prio) is converted from percentage to ratio. TX ) is defined as.

[0122] - sl-PreemptionEnable: If sl-PreemptionEnable is provided and is not equal to 'enabled', the internal parameter prio pre is set by the parameter sl-PreemptionEnable provided by the upper layer.

[0123] If the resource reservation interval is P rsvp_TX When provided, the resource reservation interval is in msec units, or logical slot units P' rsvp_TX is converted to .

[0124] Notation:

[0125] (t' SL 0, t' SL 1, t' SL 2, ...) represents a set of slots belonging to the sidelink resource pool.

[0126] For example, a terminal may select a set of candidate resources (S) based on the procedure described below. A ) can be selected. For example, when resource (re)selection is triggered, the terminal selects a set of candidate resources (S) based on the procedure described below. A ) can be selected. For example, if re-evaluation or pre-emption is triggered, the terminal selects a set of candidate resources (S) based on the procedure described below. A ) can be selected.

[0127] The following procedures may be used:

[0128] 1) Candidate single slot resource R for transmission x,y , j = 0, ..., L subCH When slot t'^SL_y has subchannels x+j and L subCH are defined as adjacent subchannels. A terminal is included in the corresponding resource pool within the time interval [n + T1, n + T2]. subCH It may be necessary to assume that all sets of adjacent subchannels correspond to one candidate single-slot resource.

[0129] The choice of T1 can depend on the terminal implementation in the range 0 ≤ T1 ≤ T^SL_proc,1, and T^SL_proc,1 can be predefined.

[0130] If T 2min If this remaining packet delay budget (in slots) is shorter than T2, T 2min ≤T2≤Remaining packet delay budget (in slots) may be implemented by the terminal; otherwise, T2 may be set to the remaining packet delay budget (in slots).

[0131] The total number of candidate single slot resources is M total It could be.

[0132] 2) The sensing window can be defined as a slot range of [n - T0, n - T^SL_proc,0], where T0 can be predefined and T^SL_proc,0 can be predefined in units of slots. The terminal may need to monitor slots belonging to the sidelink resource pool within the sensing window, excluding the slot in which its own transmission occurs. The terminal may perform the following steps based on the decoded terminal-to-terminal physical control channel (e.g., PSCCH) and the RSRP measured in the corresponding slots.

[0133] 3) Initial parameter Th(p) i , p j) can be set to the corresponding value of the RSRP threshold indicated in the i-th field of sl-Thres-RSRP-List, where i = p i + (p j - 1) * 8.

[0134] 4) Set S A can be initialized as a set of all candidate single-slot resources.

[0135] 5) The terminal selects all candidate single slot resources R that satisfy the following conditions: x,y Set S A may need to be excluded from.

[0136] - The terminal did not monitor slot t'^SL_m in step 2.

[0137] - For all periodicity values ​​allowed by the upper layer parameter sl-ResourceReservePeriodList, and for a virtual SCI format 1-A received in slot t'^SL_m that indicates all subchannels of the resource pool within this slot with the Resource Reservation Period field set to that periodicity value, condition c of step 6 is satisfied.

[0138] 5a) Set S A The remaining candidate single slot resource R x,y The number of XM total If it is less than the set S A is initialized with all candidate single slot resources of step 4.

[0139] 6) The terminal selects all candidate single slot resources R that satisfy the following conditions: x,y Set S A may need to be excluded from.

[0140] a) The terminal receives SCI format 1-A in slot t'^SL_m, and the resource reservation period field of the received SCI format 1-A and the priority field, if present, are each P rsvp_RX and prio RXInstructs.

[0141] b) RSRP measurements performed on SCI format 1-A for which RSRP measurements were received are Th(prio RX , prio TX ) is higher than.

[0142] c) when (and only when) the Resource Reservation Period field is present in the SCI format received in slot t'^SL_m or in the received SCI format 1-A, slot(s) t'^SL_m+q*P' rsvp_RX The same SCI format that is assumed to be received from R x,y+j*(P'_rsvp_RX) Determine the set of resource blocks and slots that overlap with q=1, 2, ..., Q and j=0, 1, ..., C resel -1. Here, P' rsvp_RX is P rsvp_RX is converted into a unit of logical slot, and P rsvp_RX < T scal and n' - m ≤ P' rsvp_RX When Q is T scal / P rsvp_RX is the up-slot value, and slot n is a set (t'^SL_0, t'^SL_1, ..., t'^SL_T' max -1) if t'SL_n' = n, otherwise, slot t'^SL_n' is in the set (t'^SL_0, t'^SL_1, ..., t'^SL_T' max -1) is the first slot after slot n; otherwise, Q = 1. T scal The selection window size T2 is set to be converted to units of msec.

[0143] 7) Set S A The number of candidate single slot resources remaining in XM total If it is smaller than Th(p i , p j ) is the priority value Th(p i , p j ) is increased by 3 dB, and the procedure continues from step 4.

[0144] The terminal is a set S A can be reported to higher levels.

[0145] If resource r of set (r0, r1, r2, ...) i Go S A If it is not an element of the resource r, the terminal i A reevaluation may need to be reported to higher levels.

[0146] If resource r' of set (r'0, r'1, r'2, ...) i If the terminal satisfies the conditions below, the resource r' i The preemption may need to be reported to higher levels.

[0147] - r' i Go S A is not an element of , and

[0148] - r' i XM is set as the final threshold value after the execution of steps 1) - 7). total Th(prio) which contains all the necessary increments to reach RX , prio TX ), and satisfy the conditions for exclusion in step 6, and

[0149] - Related prio RX satisfies one of the following conditions:

[0150] -- sl-PreemptionEnable is provided and is equivalent to 'enabled' and prio TX > prio RX am.

[0151] -- sl-PreemptionEnable is provided and is not equivalent to 'enabled', prio RX < prio pre and prio TX > prio RX .

[0152] In step S109, the first device and the second device may transmit and / or receive data. For example, the first device and the second device may process, transmit, and / or receive data based on signaling of control information. For example, when transmitting data, the first device or the second device may perform at least one of channel encoding, rate matching, scrambling, constellation mapping, layer mapping, waveform modulation, antenna mapping, and / or resource mapping on the information bits. For example, when receiving data, the first device or the second device may perform at least one of signal extraction from resources, waveform demodulation for each antenna, signal arrangement considering layer mapping, constellation demapping, descrambling, and / or channel decoding.

[0153] For example, the layers of a radio interface protocol between a first device and a second device can be divided into L1 (layer 1), L2 (layer 2), L3 (layer 3), etc. For example, a physical layer belonging to the first layer can provide an information transfer service using a physical channel, and an RRC (radio resource control) layer located in the third layer can play a role in controlling radio resources between the first device and the second device. For this purpose, for example, the RRC layer can exchange RRC messages between the first device and the second device.

[0154] FIG. 2 illustrates a radio protocol architecture according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 2 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operations of the embodiments may be omitted. For example, (a) of FIG. 2 may illustrate a radio protocol stack of a user plane for uplink communication or downlink communication, and (b) of FIG. 2 may illustrate a radio protocol stack of a control plane for uplink communication or downlink communication. For example, (c) of FIG. 2 may illustrate a radio protocol stack of a user plane for device-to-device communication, and (d) of FIG. 2 may illustrate a radio protocol stack of a control plane for device-to-device communication.

[0155] For example, the physical layer can provide information transmission services to upper layers using physical channels. For example, the physical layer can be connected to the upper layer, the medium access control (MAC) layer, through a transport channel. For example, data can be transmitted between the MAC layer and the physical layer through the transport channel. For example, transport channels can be classified according to how and with what characteristics data is transmitted over the wireless interface. For example, data can be transmitted between different physical layers, for example, between the physical layers of a first device and a second device, through a physical channel. For example, the physical channel can be modulated using an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) scheme, and time and frequency can be utilized as radio resources.

[0156] For example, the MAC layer can provide services to the upper layer, the radio link control (RLC) layer, through logical channels. For example, the MAC layer can provide a mapping function from multiple logical channels to multiple transport channels. For example, the MAC layer can provide a logical channel multiplexing function by mapping multiple logical channels to a single transport channel. For example, the MAC sublayer can provide data transmission services on logical channels.

[0157] For example, the RLC layer can perform concatenation, segmentation, and reassembly of RLC service data units (SDUs). For example, to guarantee the various quality of service (QoS) required by radio bearers (RBs), the RLC layer can provide three operating modes: transparent mode (TM), unacknowledged mode (UM), and acknowledged mode (AM). For example, AM RLC can provide error correction through automatic repeat request (ARQ).

[0158] For example, the RRC (radio resource control) layer can be defined only in the control plane. For example, the RRC layer can be responsible for controlling logical channels, transport channels, and physical channels in relation to the configuration, re-configuration, and release of radio bearers. For example, an RB can mean a logical path provided by a first layer (e.g., a physical layer) and a second layer (e.g., a MAC layer, an RLC layer, a PDCP (packet data convergence protocol) layer, a SDAP (service data adaptation protocol) layer, etc.) for data transmission between a first device and a second device.

[0159] For example, the functions of the PDCP layer in the user plane may include the forwarding of user data, header compression, and ciphering. For example, the functions of the PDCP layer in the control plane may include the forwarding of control plane data and ciphering / integrity protection.

[0160] For example, establishing an RB can refer to the process of defining the characteristics of the radio protocol layer and channel to provide a specific service, and setting specific parameters and operating methods for each. For example, RBs can be divided into two types: signaling radio bearers (SRBs) and data radio bearers (DRBs). For example, SRBs can be used as a channel to transmit RRC messages in the control plane, while DRBs can be used as a channel to transmit user data in the user plane.

[0161] For example, a downlink transmission channel may include at least one of a broadcast channel (BCH) for transmitting system information, and / or a downlink shared channel (SCH) for transmitting user traffic or control messages. For example, traffic or control messages of a downlink multicast or broadcast service may be transmitted through the downlink SCH, or may be transmitted through a separate downlink multicast channel (MCH). Meanwhile, an uplink transmission channel may include at least one of a random access channel (RACH) for transmitting initial control messages, and / or an uplink shared channel (SCH) for transmitting user traffic or control messages. For example, a logical channel located above a transmission channel and mapped to the transmission channel may include at least one of a broadcast control channel (BCCH), a paging control channel (PCCH), a common control channel (CCCH), a multicast control channel (MCCH), and / or a multicast traffic channel (MTCH).

[0162] FIG. 3 illustrates the structure of a wireless frame according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 3 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operations of the embodiments may be omitted.

[0163] Referring to FIG. 3, for example, a radio frame may be used in uplink transmission, downlink transmission, and / or device-to-device transmission. For example, a radio frame may have a length of 10 ms and may be defined as two 5 ms half-frames (HF). For example, a half-frame may include five 1 ms subframes (SF). For example, a subframe may be divided into one or more slots, and the number of slots within a subframe may be determined according to a subcarrier spacing (SCS). For example, each slot may include 12 or 14 OFDM (A) symbols, depending on a cyclic prefix (CP).

[0164] For example, when normal CP is used, each slot can contain 14 symbols. For example, when extended CP is used, each slot can contain 12 symbols. Here, for example, the symbols can contain OFDM symbols (or CP-OFDM symbols), SC-FDMA (single carrier-FDMA) symbols (or DFT-s-OFDM (Discrete Fourier Transform-spread-OFDM) symbols).

[0165] Table 5 below shows the number of symbols per slot (N) depending on the SCS setting (u) when normal CP or extended CP is used. slot symb ), number of slots per frame (N frame,u slot ) and the number of slots per subframe (N subframe,u slot ) is an example.

[0166] CP type SCS (15*2 u )N slot symb N frame,u slot N subframe,u slotNormal CP15kHz (u=0)1410130kHz (u=1)1420260kHz (u=2)14404120kHz (u=3)14808240kHz (u=4)1416016Extended CP60kHz (u=2)12404

[0167] For example, OFDM(A) numerology (e.g., SCS, CP length, etc.) may be set differently between multiple cells that are merged into a single terminal. Accordingly, the (absolute time) interval of time resources (e.g., subframes, slots, or transmit time intervals (TTIs)) composed of the same number of symbols may be set differently between the merged cells. For example, in the present disclosure, time resources such as subframes, slots, TTIs, etc. may be referred to as time units.

[0168] For example, multiple numerologies, or SCSs, may be supported to support various services. For example, a 15 kHz SCS may support wide areas in traditional cellular bands, while a 30 kHz / 60 kHz SCS may support dense urban areas, lower latency, and wider carrier bandwidth. For example, a 60 kHz or higher SCS may support bandwidths greater than 24.25 GHz to overcome phase noise.

[0169] FIG. 4 illustrates a slot structure of a frame according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 4 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operations of the embodiments may be omitted.

[0170] Referring to FIG. 4, for example, a slot may include multiple symbols in the time domain. For example, a carrier may include multiple subcarriers in the frequency domain. For example, a resource block (RB) may be defined as multiple consecutive subcarriers in the frequency domain. For example, a bandwidth part (BWP) may be defined as multiple consecutive (P)RBs ((physical) resource blocks) in the frequency domain, and may correspond to one numerology (e.g., SCS, CP length, etc.). For example, a carrier may include at most N BWPs (where N is a positive integer). For example, data communication may be performed through an activated BWP. For example, each element may be referred to as a resource element (RE) in the resource grid, and one complex symbol may be mapped to it.

[0171] For example, a BWP may be a contiguous set of PRBs in a given numerology. For example, a PRB may be selected from a contiguous subset of common resource blocks (CRBs) for a given numerology on a given carrier.

[0172] For example, the BWP may be at least one of an active BWP, an initial BWP, and / or a default BWP. For example, the UE may not monitor the downlink radio link quality in a DL BWP other than the active DL BWP on the PCell (primary cell). For example, the UE may not receive a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH), a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH), or a channel state information-reference signal (CSI-RS) (except for radio resource management (RRM)) outside of the active DL BWP. For example, the UE may not trigger channel state information (CSI) reporting for an inactive DL BWP. For example, the UE may not transmit a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) or a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) outside of the active UL BWP. For example, for downlink, the initial BWP can be given as a set of consecutive resource blocks (RBs) for the remaining minimum system information (RMSI) CORESET (control resource set) (set by the physical broadcast channel (PBCH)). For uplink, for example, the initial BWP can be given by the system information block (SIB) for the random access procedure. For example, the default BWP can be set by a higher layer. For example, the initial value of the default BWP can be the initial DL BWP.For energy saving, if a terminal does not detect DCI (downlink control information) for a certain period of time, the terminal may switch its active BWP to a default BWP.

[0173] FIG. 5 illustrates an example of a BWP according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 5 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operations of the embodiments may be omitted. In the embodiment of FIG. 5, it is assumed that there are three BWPs.

[0174] Referring to FIG. 5, for example, a common resource block (CRB) may be a carrier resource block numbered from one end of a carrier band to the other, and a PRB may be a numbered resource block within each BWP. For example, point A may indicate a common reference point for a resource block grid.

[0175] For example, BWP is point A, offset from point A (N start BWP ) and bandwidth (N size BWP ) can be set by. For example, point A can be an outer reference point of the PRB of a carrier where subcarrier 0 of all numerologies (e.g., all numerologies supported by the network on that carrier) aligns. For example, the offset can be the PRB spacing between the lowest subcarrier in a given numerology and point A. For example, the bandwidth can be the number of PRBs in a given numerology.

[0176] FIG. 6 illustrates a communication structure that can be provided in a 6G system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 6 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operations of the embodiments may be omitted.

[0177] As core implementation technologies of the 6G system, technologies such as artificial intelligence (AI), THz (terahertz) communication, optical wireless technology, free-space optical transmission (FSO) backhaul networks, massive MIMO (multiple input multiple output) technology, blockchain, 3D networking, quantum communication, unmanned aerial vehicles, cell-free communication, wireless information and energy transfer (WIET), integration of sensing and communication, integration of access backhaul networks, holographic beamforming, big data analysis, and large intelligent surface (LIS) can be adopted.

[0178] - Artificial Intelligence: Incorporating AI into communications can streamline and improve real-time data transmission. AI can use numerous analytics to determine how complex target tasks should be performed. For example, AI can increase efficiency and reduce processing delays. Time-consuming tasks such as handovers, network selection, and resource scheduling can be performed instantly using AI. AI can also play a crucial role in machine-to-machine (M2M), machine-to-human, and human-to-machine communications. AI can also facilitate rapid communication in brain-computer interfaces (BCIs). AI-based communication systems can be supported by metamaterials, intelligent structures, intelligent networks, intelligent devices, intelligent cognitive radios, self-sustaining wireless networks, and machine learning.

[0179] - THz communication (terahertz communication): Data rates can be increased by increasing the bandwidth. This can be achieved by using sub-THz communication with wide bandwidths and applying advanced massive MIMO technology. THz waves, also known as sub-millimeter waves, typically refer to the frequency range between 0.1 THz and 10 THz, with corresponding wavelengths ranging from 0.03 mm to 3 mm. The 100 GHz to 300 GHz band (sub-THz band) is considered a key part of the THz spectrum for cellular communications. Adding the sub-THz band to the mmWave band will increase the capacity of 6G cellular communications. Among the defined THz bands, 300 GHz to 3 THz lies in the far infrared (IR) frequency band. While part of the optical band, the 300 GHz to 3 THz band lies at the boundary of the optical band, immediately following the RF band. Therefore, this 300 GHz to 3 THz band exhibits similarities to RF. Key characteristics of THz communications include (i) the widely available bandwidth to support very high data rates and (ii) the high path loss that occurs at high frequencies (requiring highly directional antennas). The narrow beamwidths generated by highly directional antennas reduce interference. The small wavelength of THz signals allows for a significantly larger number of antenna elements to be integrated into devices and base stations operating in this band. This enables the use of advanced adaptive array technologies to overcome range limitations.

[0180] - Large-scale MIMO technology

[0181] - Hologram beamforming (HBF)

[0182] - Optical wireless technology

[0183] - Free-space optical transmission backhaul network (FSO backhaul network)

[0184] - Quantum communication

[0185] - Cell-free communication

[0186] - Integration of wireless information and power transmission

[0187] - Integration of wireless communication and sensing

[0188] - Integrated access and backhaul network

[0189] - Big data analysis

[0190] - Reconfigurable intelligent surface

[0191] - metaverse

[0192] - Block chain

[0193] Advanced Air Mobility (AAM): AAM can be a broad concept encompassing urban air mobility (UAM), regional air mobility (RAM), and uncrewed aerial systems (UAS). For example, AAM can include UAM, RAM, UAS, and uncrewed aerial vehicles (UAVs).

[0194] - Autonomous driving (self-driving): V2X (vehicle to everything), a key element in building autonomous driving infrastructure, can be a technology that allows cars to communicate and share with various elements on the road for autonomous driving, such as vehicle to vehicle (V2V) wireless communication and vehicle to infrastructure (V2I) wireless communication.

[0195] Non-terrestrial network (NTN): NTN can refer to a network or network segment that utilizes radio frequency (RF) resources mounted on satellites (or UAS platforms). NTN services may be considered to secure wider coverage or provide wireless communication services in locations where the installation of wireless communication base stations is difficult.

[0196] - Integrated sensing and communication (ISAC): Wireless sensing is a technology that uses radio frequencies to determine the instantaneous linear velocity, angle, distance (range), etc. of an object, thereby obtaining information about the characteristics of the environment and / or objects within the environment.

[0197] - Reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS): RIS can be used to manipulate and enhance signal propagation in wireless communication environments. For example, a RIS can be composed of many small antennas, or metasurfaces, arranged on a surface, each of which can actively control the phase, amplitude, polarization, etc. of the reflected signal. For example, a RIS can improve signal reception by controlling the path, phase, and / or intensity of the propagating signal. For example, in the case of a RIS, power consumption can be very low because power is consumed only for controlling the phase and amplitude of the small antennas. For example, because a RIS can be reconfigured to suit different environments, it can meet diverse communication requirements and operate effectively in dynamic network environments.

[0198] FIG. 7 illustrates an example of a communication scenario based on a 6G system, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 7 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operations of the embodiments may be omitted.

[0199] Referring to FIG. 7, NTN communication can be performed based on satellite networks, high-altitude platform stations (HAPS) as international mobile telecommunications (IMT) base stations (BS), and terminals capable of aerial communication (e.g., AAMs). For example, to improve coverage, etc., devices such as satellite networks, HIBS, and terminals capable of aerial communication (e.g., AAMs) can act as relays. For example, an AAM can communicate with a base station, a satellite network, etc., and / or an AAM can communicate directly with a terminal, another AAM, etc.

[0200] Below, the integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) mentioned above is described in detail.

[0201] Integrated Sensing and Communications (ISAC) is a technology that uses radio frequencies to determine the instantaneous linear velocity, angle, distance (range), etc. of an object, thereby obtaining information about the environment and / or the characteristics of objects within the environment. Because radio frequency sensing does not require a device to connect to the object through a network, it can provide services for object positioning without a device. The ability to obtain range, velocity, and angle information from radio frequency signals can enable a wide range of new capabilities, such as various object detection, object recognition (e.g., vehicles, humans, animals, UAVs), and high-precision localization, tracking, and activity recognition. Wireless sensing services can provide information to a variety of industries (e.g., unmanned aerial vehicles, smart homes, V2X, factories, railways, public safety, etc.), enabling applications such as intruder detection, assisted vehicle steering and navigation, trajectory tracking, collision avoidance, traffic management, and health and traffic management. In some cases, wireless sensing can utilize non-3GPP type sensors (e.g., radar, cameras) to further support 3GPP-based sensing. For example, the operation of a wireless sensing service, e.g., a sensing operation, may depend on the transmission, reflection, and scattering of wireless sensing signals. Therefore, wireless sensing may provide an opportunity to enhance existing communication systems from a communication network to a wireless communication and sensing network. FIG. 8 illustrates an example of a sensing operation according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 8 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operations of the embodiments may be omitted. Specifically, FIG. 8 (a) illustrates an example of sensing using a sensing receiver and a sensing transmitter located at the same location (e.g., monostatic sensing), and FIG. 8 (b) illustrates an example of sensing using a separated sensing receiver and a sensing transmitter (e.g., bistatic sensing).

[0202] In the present disclosure, the direction / angle (e.g., angle of arrival (AoA)) can be defined as a plane angle (radian) or a solid angle (steradian) as follows.

[0203] For example, AoA can be used to measure the direction of a UE. AoA can be defined as an estimated angle for the position of the UE counterclockwise from the base station / TP. In this case, the geographical reference direction can be north. The base station / TP can use uplink signals such as Sounding Reference Signal (SRS) and / or Demodulation Reference Signal (DMRS) for AoA measurement. In addition, the larger the array of antenna arrays, the higher the accuracy of AoA measurement. When antenna arrays are arranged at equal intervals, signals received from adjacent antenna elements can have a constant phase shift (Phase-Rotate).

[0204] For example, the following shows an example of UL AoA (Angle of Arrival). For example, the following UL AoA can be applied for SL positioning or ISAC.

[0205] UL AoA(Angle of Arrival)

[0206] - Definition: UL AoA (Angle of Arrival) can be defined as the estimated azimuth and vertical angles of the UE with respect to a reference direction, where the reference direction can be defined as follows: - In the global coordinate system (GCS), the estimated azimuth can be measured with respect to the geographic north and can be positive in a counterclockwise direction, and the estimated vertical angle can be measured with respect to the zenith and can be positive in the horizontal direction. - In the local coordinate system (LCS), the estimated azimuth can be measured with respect to the x-axis of the LCS and can be positive in a counterclockwise direction, and the estimated vertical angle can be measured with respect to the z-axis of the LCS and can be positive in the xy-plane direction. The azimuth, downward angle, and inclination angle of the LCS can be defined according to TS 38.901

[0014] . The UL AoA can be determined at the gNB antenna for the UL channel corresponding to this UE.

[0207] The present disclosure may be applied to operations for positioning and / or operations for integrated sensing and communications (ISAC).

[0208] In this disclosure, the following terms may be used.

[0209] For example, “PRS” or “SL PRS” below can be interpreted / applied as “sensing signal” or “sensing RS (reference signal)”.

[0210] - LMF: Location Management Function

[0211] - UE-triggered SL positioning: SL (sidelink) positioning where the procedure is triggered by the UE.

[0212] - SL positioning triggered by base station / LMF: SL positioning where the procedure is triggered by base station / LMF.

[0213] - UE-controlled SL positioning: SL positioning where the SL positioning group is created by the UE.

[0214] - SL positioning controlled by the base station: SL positioning where the SL positioning group is generated by the base station.

[0215] - UE-based SL positioning: SL positioning where the UE location is calculated by the UE.

[0216] - UE-assisted SL positioning: SL positioning where the UE position is calculated by the base station / LMF.

[0217] - SL positioning group: UEs participating in SL positioning

[0218] - T-UE (Target UE): UE whose position is calculated

[0219] - S-UE (Server UE): UE that assists T-UE's positioning

[0220] - Anchor UE: A UE that assists T-UE's positioning

[0221] - MG: Measurement gap where only SL PRS transmission is allowed

[0222] - MW: Measurement window where both SL data and SL PRS can be transmitted in a multiplexed way

[0223] - SL PRS: Sidelink positioning reference signal

[0224] - CCH: Control Channel

[0225] - IUC (Inter-UE coordination) message: A message received by a TX UE from other UEs, including a RX UE, that includes information about a set of resources suitable for transmission by the TX UE to the RX UE (preferred resources) and / or information about a set of resources not suitable for transmission (non-preferred resources).

[0226] - Sensing RS - A (reference) signal used for sensing purposes (e.g., reference signal, radar, lidar, wi-fi signal, ultrasonic signal, etc.)

[0227] - BS-BS sensing: Sensing in which BS#1 transmits a sensing RS and BS#2 receives the sensing RS. For example, if BS#1 and BS#2 are separate BSs, this may mean a BS-BS bi-static sensing operation. For example, if BS#1 and BS#2 are the same BS, this may mean a BS-BS mono-static sensing operation. For example, the BS may be a base station or a transmission and reception point (TRP). For example, if BS#1 and / or BS#2 are one or more BSs, this may mean a BS-BS multi-static sensing operation.

[0228] - BS-UE sensing: Sensing in which a BS transmits a sensing RS and a UE receives the sensing RS. For example, the BS may be a base station or a transmission and reception point (TRP). For example, if the BS and / or the UE are one or more BSs and / or one or more UEs, this may refer to a BS-UE multi-static sensing operation.

[0229] - UE-BS sensing: Sensing in which a UE transmits a sensing RS and a BS receives the sensing RS. For example, the BS may be a base station or a transmission and reception point (TRP). For example, if the BS and / or the UE are one or more BSs and / or one or more UEs, this may refer to a UE-BS multi-static sensing operation.

[0230] - UE-UE sensing: Sensing in which UE#1 transmits a sensing RS and UE#2 receives the sensing RS. For example, if UE#1 and UE#2 are separate UEs, this may mean a UE-UE bi-static sensing operation. For example, if UE#1 and UE#2 are the same UE, this may mean a UE-UE mono-static sensing operation. For example, the BS may be a base station or a transmission and reception point (TRP). For example, if UE#1 and / or UE#2 are one or more UEs, this may mean a UE-UE multi-static sensing operation.

[0231] - SMF - Sensing Management Function

[0232] - TSA - Target Sensing Area (a location area that requires sensing with a certain quality of sensing service (deriving characteristics of objects and / or environments from affected (e.g., reflected, refracted, diffracted) sensing signals)

[0233] For example, an SL PRS transmission resource may be composed of an SL PRS resource set consisting of the following information:

[0234] - SL PRS resource set ID

[0235] - SL PRS Resource ID List: List of SL PRS resource IDs within the SL PRS resource set.

[0236] - SL PRS resource type: can be set to periodic or aperiodic or semi-persistent or on-demand

[0237] - Alpha for SL PRS power control

[0238] - P0 for SL PRS power control

[0239] - Path loss reference for SL PRS power control: Can be set to SL SSB or DL ​​PRS or UL SRS or UL SRS for positioning or PSCCH DMRS or PSSCH DMRS or PSFCH or SL CSI RS, etc.

[0240] For example, the above SL PRS resource set may be composed of SL PRS resources composed of the following information.

[0241] - SL PRS resource ID

[0242] - SL PRS comb size: Interval between REs where SL PRS is transmitted within a symbol

[0243] - SL PRS comb offset: RE index where SL PRS is first transmitted within the first SL PRS symbol.

[0244] - SL PRS comb cyclic shift: A cyclic shift used to generate the sequence that constitutes the SL PRS.

[0245] - SL PRS start position: The index of the first symbol transmitting SL PRS within a slot.

[0246] - Number of SL PRS symbols: The number of symbols that make up the SL PRS in one slot.

[0247] - Frequency domain shift: The lowest frequency position (index) at which the SL PRS is transmitted in the frequency domain.

[0248] - SL PRS BW: Frequency bandwidth used for SL PRS transmission

[0249] - SL PRS resource type: can be set to periodic or aperiodic or semi-persistent or on-demand

[0250] - SL PRS periodicity: the period in the time domain between SL PRS resources, a unit of physical or logical slot in the resource pool where SL PRS is transmitted.

[0251] - SL PRS Offset: The offset in the time domain from the start of the first SL PRS resource to the reference timing, in units of physical or logical slots in the resource pool where the SL PRS is transmitted. The reference timing may be SFN=0 or DFN=0, or the time of successful reception or decoding of RRC / MAC-CE / DCI / SCI associated with the SL PRS resource.

[0252] - SL PRS sequence ID

[0253] - SL PRS spatial relation: can be set to SL SSB or DL ​​PRS or UL SRS or UL SRS for positioning or PSCCH DMRS or PSSCH DMRS or PSFCH or SL CSI RS, etc.

[0254] - SL PRS CCH: SL PRS control channel. Can signal SL PRS resource configuration information and resource location, etc.

[0255] FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating a method related to wireless sensing according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 9 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operations of the embodiments may be omitted.

[0256] Referring to FIG. 9, for example, in order to implement monostatic / bistatic / multistatic sensing functions based on an integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) system, a first device (in a sensing group) can transmit a sensing signal. For example, a first device can transmit a sensing signal about a target sensing area (an object and / or an indoor / outdoor environment surrounding the object (e.g., other objects around the location of the object (e.g., clutter), other obstacles between the object and other objects (e.g., line-of-sight, non-line-of-sight, etc.)). For example, a second device (within the sensing group) can receive a sensing signal affected by the object / the indoor / outdoor environment surrounding the object (e.g., reflection, refraction, diffraction) in response to the transmitted sensing signal. Through this, it can be operated to sense the object and / or the environment. For example, by receiving / processing the affected sensing signal, information about the object, etc. (e.g., horizontal / vertical object detection, the location of the object, and / or the distance (range) to the object, and / or the direction (angle) to the object, and / or the speed of the object, and / or the geographic Information (geometric information), and / or object recognition (e.g., car, human, animal, UAV, etc.) can be obtained.

[0257] For example, the sensing signal may be a dedicated signal for sensing purposes, and / or may be a positioning reference signal capable of performing positioning, and / or may be a reference signal that may be used for communication, such as a demodulation-reference signal (DM-RS), a channel state information-reference signal (CSI-RS), or a sounding reference signal (SRS), and / or may be a fused signal for both sensing and communication purposes. For example, the sensing signal may be at least one of a radar, a lidar, a Wi-Fi signal, a camera (video), or an ultrasonic signal.

[0258] For example, a second device receiving an affected sensing signal may be within the same entity as a first device transmitting the sensing signal. For example, a second device receiving an affected sensing signal may be located separately from a first device transmitting the sensing signal. For example, information regarding the location of the first device and / or the location of the second device may be known. For example, information regarding the time of the first device (e.g., the time of transmitting the sensing signal) and / or the time of the second device (e.g., the time of receiving the affected sensing signal) may be known. For example, at least one first device transmitting a sensing signal and / or at least one second device receiving an affected sensing signal may be within a sensing group.

[0259] FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating a method related to wireless sensing according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 10 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operations of the embodiments may be omitted.

[0260] Referring to FIG. 10, for example, the target sensing area may be determined by the first device, and / or the second device, and / or a third device different from the first device and the second device.

[0261] For example, information related to a target sensing area (boundary of, center of, node of, location of, etc.) may be generated by or transmitted / received between the first device, and / or the second device, and / or a third device different from the first device and the second device, respectively.

[0262] For example, the first device can allocate sensing signal transmission resources for transmitting sensing signals or service communication / positioning resources for service communication / positioning. For example, the first device can be allocated sensing signal transmission resources or service communication / positioning resources by resource allocation mode 1 and / or resource allocation mode 2. For example, the first device can be allocated / scheduled sensing signal transmission resources or service communication / positioning resources by a network. For example, the first device can select / determine sensing signal transmission resources or service communication / positioning resources by itself within at least one resource pool.

[0263] For example, a first device (within a sensing group) can transmit a sensing signal based on an (allocated) sensing signal transmission resource. For example, the first device can transmit a first sensing signal (based on beamforming and / or in the direction of (the boundary of, the center of, the node of, etc.) of the target sensing area) to an object within the target sensing area (an object within the target sensing area and / or an indoor / outdoor environment surrounding the object (e.g., other objects around the location of the object (e.g., clutter), other obstacles between the object and other objects (e.g., line-of-site, non-line-of-site, etc.)). For example, a second device or a third device (within a sensing group) can receive a second sensing signal or a third sensing signal influenced (e.g., reflected, refraction, diffracted) by the object / the indoor / outdoor environment surrounding the object in response to the transmitted first sensing signal.

[0264] For example, the second device or the third device can generate sensing data based on the received second sensing signal or the third sensing signal.

[0265] For example, the second device or the third device may process the generated sensing data, or transmit information related to the generated sensing data and / or the received second sensing signal or the received third sensing signal to an entity (e.g., SMF, sensing server, etc.) that processes the sensing data and provides a sensing result / sensing service.

[0266] However, even if, for example, a first device transmits a sensing signal toward a target sensing area based on an (allocated) sensing signal transmission resource, a second device cannot know whether the sensing signal is a signal for sensing or a signal for communication / positioning. In addition, even if, for example, the first device transmits a sensing signal toward a target sensing area based on an (allocated) sensing signal transmission resource, and / or even if the second device can receive the affected sensing signal within a reception resource corresponding to the sensing signal transmission resource, if the second device is not located within a certain range / certain angle from a direction (angle) toward the target sensing area or cannot form a reception beam / reception resource toward the direction (angle) toward the target sensing area, the second device may not be able to properly receive the sensing signal or may not be able to properly generate sensing data based on the sensing signal.

[0267] For example, even if a second device attempts to receive an affected second sensing signal within a resource corresponding to a first sensing signal resource for transmitting a first sensing signal, the receiving beam (direction (angle), intensity, angle, aperture size, etc.) corresponding to the resource may not be within a certain range from the direction (angle) of the sensing signal toward the target sensing area of ​​the first device or the opposite direction (angle). For example, the second device may not receive the second sensing signal affected by the first sensing signal and the target sensing area (object / environment within) if, for example, the third device transmits any communication / positioning signal, etc. to the first device within a certain range from the direction (angle) of the sensing signal toward the target sensing area or the opposite direction (angle) thereof (e.g., half-duplex, higher priority, etc.), or if sensing is performed and the RSRP for the resource (channel, decoded SCI, etc.) within a certain range from the direction (angle) or the opposite direction (angle) thereof exceeds the RSRP threshold, even if the first device attempts to receive the second sensing signal affected within the resource corresponding to the first sensing signal resource for transmitting the first sensing signal.

[0268] To address this issue, for example, the first device may transmit to the second device information related to at least one candidate region (e.g., a candidate time resource region, a candidate frequency resource region, etc.) in which the sensing operation of the first device can be performed. For example, the first device may receive from the second device information related to the possibility of performing a sensing operation within the at least one candidate resource and simultaneously toward a direction related to a target sensing region (e.g., in the same direction as (within a critical angle from) the direction toward the target sensing region, in the opposite direction as (within a critical angle from) the direction toward the target sensing region, etc.).

[0269] FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating a procedure of a method related to wireless sensing according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 11 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operations of the embodiments may be omitted.

[0270] Referring to FIG. 11, for example, a first device (e.g., a sensing transmitter), a second device (e.g., a sensing receiver), and / or a third device (e.g., a sensing management function, a sensing server, etc.) may generate (obtain) information related to a target sensing area. For example, information related to a target sensing area (boundary of, center of, node of, location of, etc.) may be generated by or transmitted / received between the first device, and / or the second device, and / or a third device (e.g., SMF, etc.) different from the first device and the second device, respectively.

[0271] For example, the first device may transmit to the second device information relating to at least one candidate region (e.g., a candidate time resource region, a candidate frequency resource region, etc.) in which the sensing operation of the first device can be performed. For example, the at least one candidate resource may include at least one candidate (time / frequency) transmit / receive resource region associated with a first transmission direction (from the first device) toward the target sensing region, or at least one candidate (time / frequency) transmit / receive resource region associated with a second transmission direction (from the first device) different from (e.g., opposite to) the first transmission direction toward the target sensing region.

[0272] For example, the first device may receive information from the second device regarding the possibility of performing a sensing operation within the at least one candidate resource and simultaneously in a direction relative to the target sensing area (e.g., in the same direction (within a critical angle from) as the direction toward the target sensing area from the second device, in the opposite direction (within a critical angle from) as the direction toward the target sensing area, etc.).

[0273] For example, a first device may determine whether to perform a sensing operation of the first device toward the target sensing area (based on the information related to the possibility of performing the sensing operation). For example, a second device may determine whether to perform (allow) a sensing operation of the second device toward the target sensing area (based on information related to the at least one candidate resource and / or the information related to the possibility of performing the sensing operation).

[0274] For example, the first device may determine (allow) to perform a sensing operation toward a target sensing area. For example, based on the determination (allowance) that the sensing operation toward the target sensing area is performed, the first device may transmit (based on beamforming and / or in the direction of (the boundary of, the center of, the node of, etc.) of the target sensing area) a first sensing signal based on (allocated) sensing signal transmission resources toward the target sensing area (the object and / or the indoor / outdoor environment surrounding the object (e.g., other objects around the location of the object (e.g., clutter), other obstacles between the object and other objects (e.g., line-of-site, non-line-of-site, etc.)).

[0275] For example, the second device may determine (allow) to perform a sensing operation toward the target sensing area. For example, the second device or the third device may receive (or prepare to receive, monitor reception of) a second sensing signal or a third sensing signal that is affected (e.g., reflected, refraction, diffracted) by the object / the indoor / outdoor environment surrounding the object in response to the transmitted first sensing signal.

[0276] For example, the second device or the third device can generate sensing data based on the received second sensing signal or the third sensing signal.

[0277] For example, the second device or the third device may process the generated sensing data, or transmit information related to the generated sensing data and / or the received second sensing signal or the received third sensing signal to an entity (e.g., SMF, sensing server, etc.) that processes the sensing data and provides a sensing result / sensing service.

[0278] According to one embodiment(s) of the present disclosure, for example, since it becomes clear through transmission and reception whether a sensing operation can be performed for a target sensing area, the problem of the quality of sensing service being degraded or sensing results not being generated due to the sensing operation being meaninglessly performed within an impossible time / frequency region or within an impossible direction (angle) can be prevented. For example, the problem of the quality of sensing service being degraded or sensing results not being generated due to the sensing operation being meaninglessly performed within an impossible time / frequency region or within an impossible direction (angle) is resolved, so that multi-static sensing / bistatic sensing can be efficiently performed.

[0279] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, it may be necessary to define a target sensing area based on a transmission beam of a transmitting device (e.g., Tx UE) and / or a transmission beam of a receiving device (e.g., Rx UE), and to define an operation for performing a sensing operation (e.g., UE-UE sensing) (based on the beamforming).

[0280] In the present disclosure, a method may be proposed for determining a target sensing area based on beamforming, minimizing interference by a sensing signal (e.g., sensing RS) when performing a sensing operation (e.g., UE-UE sensing), and / or determining participation in the sensing operation.

[0281] In the case of (UE-UE) bi-static sensing, in which a transmitting device (e.g., Tx UE) transmits a sensing signal (e.g., sensing RS) and a receiving device (e.g., Rx UE) receives a signal of the sensing signal (e.g., sensing RS) reflected, refracted, or diffracted by an object and performs a measurement on the received sensing signal (e.g., sensing RS) to perform a sensing operation, the transmitting device (e.g., Tx UE) and / or the receiving device (e.g., Rx UE) may perform sensing (e.g., (UE-UE) bi-static sensing) through at least one operation(s) below (using beamforming).

[0282] - For example, when a transmitting device (e.g., Tx UE) acquires (determines) a target sensing area to transmit a sensing signal (e.g., sensing RS), channel sensing based on a beam transmission direction toward the target sensing area can be performed, and a reserved resource associated with the same beam transmission direction and / or a beam transmission direction opposite to the beam transmission direction reserved by another device (e.g., UE) can be detected, and / or, based on a reference signal received power (RSRP) associated with the detected reserved resource (e.g., when the RSRP associated with the detected reserved resource exceeds an RSRP threshold (related to control information (e.g., priority information)), a set of candidate resources (S) in the resource allocation mode 2 of the present disclosure is excluded from the candidate transmission resources. A ) (refer to 6)-b)), candidate transmission resource(s) for the beam transmission direction toward the target sensing area can be selected.

[0283] - - For example, the detected reservation resource may include a reservation resource associated with a direction within a threshold angle (configured in advance) (per resource pool) from the beam transmission direction and / or a beam transmission direction opposite to the beam transmission direction.

[0284] - - For example, the transmitting device (e.g., Tx UE) may transmit information about the target sensing area and / or information about the candidate transmission resource(s) associated with the beam transmission direction selected by the transmitting device (e.g., Tx UE) to the candidate receiving device (e.g., Rx UE)(s) that receive sensing signals influenced by objects / environments for sensing signals (e.g., sensing RSs) to be transmitted by the transmitting device (e.g., Tx UE) for the target sensing area.

[0285] - - - For example, the transmitting device (e.g., Tx UE) may transmit information associated with a time domain and / or frequency domain in which the sensing signal (e.g., sensing RS) is to be transmitted to the candidate receiving devices (e.g., Rx UE).

[0286] - - - - For example, the time domain may be determined based on a resource selection window linked to the selection of a sensing signal (e.g., sensing RS) transmission resource of the transmitting device (e.g., Tx UE).

[0287] - - - For example, among the candidate receiving devices (e.g., Rx UEs), a feedback signal / message linked to the target sensing area indicating whether the sensing signal (e.g., sensing RS) can be received by forming a receiving beam toward the target sensing area within the time domain can be transmitted to the transmitting device (e.g., Tx UE).

[0288] - - - - For example, if the target sensing area information is transmitted through control information (e.g., SCI) (e.g., resource reservation information and / or zone ID information), the receiving device (e.g., Rx UE) can transmit the feedback signal for the control information (e.g., SCI).

[0289] - - - - For example, the feedback signal may be a hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) ACK (positive acknowledgment) / NACK (negative acknowledgment) signal for a channel (e.g., PSCCH, PSSCH) transmitting the control information (e.g., SCI). For example, in the case of ACK (positive acknowledgment), it may be indicated that the reception beam can be formed within the time domain toward the target sensing area, or, in the case of NACK (negative acknowledgment), it may be indicated that the reception beam cannot be formed.

[0290] - - - For example, when the transmitting device (e.g., Tx UE) receives a feedback signal / message indicating that the receiving beam can be formed in the direction of the target sensing area in association with the target sensing area (e.g., the ACK (positive acknowledgement) signal), the transmitting device (e.g., Tx UE) can transmit an ID (e.g., source ID) of a device (e.g., UE) capable of forming the receiving beam in the time domain and / or frequency domain for the target sensing area by including the ID (e.g., destination ID) information in a control channel associated with transmission of the sensing signal (e.g., sensing RS).

[0291] - - - For example, when the transmitting device (e.g., Tx UE) receives the feedback signal / message associated with the target sensing area, for example, when the transmitting device (e.g., Tx UE) receives feedback from (all) devices (e.g., UEs) that the receiving beam cannot be formed within the time domain and / or frequency domain for the target sensing area (e.g., the NACK (negative acknowledgment) signal), the transmitting device (e.g., Tx UE) may drop transmission of the sensing signal (e.g., sensing RS) toward the target sensing area.

[0292] - For example, when a receiving device (e.g., Rx UE) that performs measurement on the sensing signal (e.g., sensing RS) associated with the target sensing area acquires (determines) the target sensing area, the receiving device (e.g., Rx UE) can transmit information on time and / or frequency resources capable of forming a receiving beam in the direction of the target sensing area to a candidate transmitting device (e.g., Tx UE) that will transmit the sensing signal (e.g., sensing RS).

[0293] - - For example, a transmitting device (e.g., Tx UE) may select a candidate transmission resource for transmitting the sensing signal (e.g., sensing RS) (by forming a transmission beam toward the target sensing area) based on information of time and / or frequency resources received from the receiving device (e.g., Rx UE).

[0294] - - - For example, the transmitting device (e.g., Tx UE) may exclude resources for which the transmitting device (e.g., Tx UE) has reserved transmission from among the time and / or frequency resources received from the receiving device (e.g., Rx UE) from the candidate transmission resources.

[0295] - - - For example, if another device (e.g., UE) reserves transmission to the transmitting device (e.g., Tx UE) through time and / or frequency resources received from the receiving device (e.g., Rx UE), the transmitting device (e.g., Tx UE) may exclude the time and / or frequency resources from the candidate transmission resources.

[0296] - - - - For example, the exclusion action may be determined based on a priority associated with the sensing signal (e.g., sensing RS) and / or a priority associated with a transmission reserved by the other device (e.g., UE).

[0297] - - - - - For example, if the priority value (the higher the priority, the smaller the priority value) associated with the sensing signal (e.g., sensing RS) is greater than the priority value associated with the transmission reserved by the other device (e.g., UE), the sensing signal may be excluded from the candidate transmission resource.

[0298] - - - - For example, the above exclusion operation can be performed only when the priority value associated with the sensing signal (e.g., sensing RS) is equal to or greater than a threshold value configured (in advance) (for each resource pool).

[0299] - - - - For example, the above exclusion operation may be performed only when the priority value associated with the transmission reserved by the other device (e.g., UE) is less than / less than a threshold value set (in advance) (per resource pool).

[0300] - - For example, the transmitting device (e.g., Tx UE) may transmit a feedback signal / message to the receiving device (e.g., Rx UE) indicating whether the transmitting device (e.g., Tx UE) can form a transmission beam toward the target sensing area for the time and / or frequency resources received from the receiving device (e.g., Rx UE) to transmit the sensing signal (e.g., sensing RS).

[0301] - - - For example, if the sensing signal (e.g., sensing RS) cannot be transmitted (by forming a transmission beam toward the target sensing area) for all time and / or frequency resources received from the receiving device (e.g., Rx UE), the transmitting device (e.g., Tx UE) may feed back a negative acknowledgment (NACK) signal for the time and / or frequency resources received from the receiving device (e.g., Rx UE) to the receiving device (e.g., Rx UE).

[0302] - - - For example, if the sensing signal (e.g., sensing RS) can be transmitted (by forming a transmission beam toward the target sensing area) for one or more time and / or frequency resources received from the receiving device (e.g., Rx UE), the transmitting device (e.g., Tx UE) can randomly select from the one or more time and / or frequency resources and transmit the sensing signal (e.g., sensing RS).

[0303] - - - - For example, (in the case described above), the transmitting device (e.g., Tx UE) can feed back an ACK (positive acknowledgement) signal for time and / or frequency resource information received from the receiving device (e.g., Rx UE) to the receiving device (e.g., Rx UE).

[0304] - - - - For example, the transmitting device (e.g., Tx UE) may transmit the final transmission resource information for transmitting the randomly selected sensing signal (e.g., sensing RS) to the receiving device (e.g., Rx UE) together with the ACK (positive acknowledgement) signal.

[0305] For example, a sensing measurement unit (SMU) / SMF (whose location is known in advance) may be present on the (3GPP) network for the purpose of assisting in the compensation of sensing operations and sensing results. For example, when the SMU is present within a target sensing area and / or in an area surrounding (the target sensing area or the transmitting device or the receiving device), the SMU may transmit location information of the SMU to the transmitting device (e.g., the Tx UE) based on information associated with a sensing signal transmitted (based on a transmission beam) toward the target sensing area for the purpose of performing sensing for the target sensing area by the transmitting device (e.g., the Tx UE).

[0306] For example, the SMU may perform a transmission using the transmission device (e.g., Tx UE) as a destination ID based on information about the transmission device (e.g., Tx UE) associated with a sensing signal transmitted by the transmission device (e.g., Tx UE) and / or information about the sensing signal (e.g., ID information associated with the sensing signal). For example, the signal about the transmission may include information about the (affected) sensing signal (data) received by the SMU / receiving device and / or location information about the SMU.

[0307] For example, (in the case described above), it can be determined whether a transmission / reception path from the transmission device (e.g., Tx UE) to the SMU is a line-of-sight (LOS) path based on location information for the SMU estimated based on the sensing signal and / or location information of the SMU associated with a sensing signal transmitted by the transmission device (e.g., Tx UE) and received from the SMU by the transmission device (e.g., Tx UE).

[0308] For example, the transmitting device (e.g., Tx UE) may determine whether a transmission / reception path of a sensing signal from the transmitting device (e.g., Tx UE) to the target sensing area is line-of-sight (LOS) based on location information of the SMU estimated by the transmitting device (e.g., Tx UE) based on the sensing signal (in the case described above) and location information of the SMU associated with the sensing signal transmitted by the transmitting device (e.g., Tx UE), which the transmitting device (e.g., Tx UE) receives from the SMU, and / or determine reliability of a sensing result (data) for the target sensing area based on the determination information. For example, the reliability of the sensing result may include reliability of an estimated value of a distance to an object / environment detected through sensing for the target sensing area and / or a direction and / or a speed of the object / environment.

[0309] According to various embodiments of the present disclosure, when a target sensing area is determined (based on beamforming) and a sensing operation (e.g., UE-UE sensing) is performed, an efficient method for minimizing interference by a sensing signal (e.g., sensing RS) and / or determining participation in the sensing operation may be proposed.

[0310] For example, whether the rule applies and / or the parameter values ​​related to the proposed method / rule of the present disclosure can be set / allowed service type-specifically (or differently or independently). For example, whether the rule applies and / or the parameter values ​​related to the proposed method / rule of the present disclosure can be set / allowed (or differently or independently) (LCH or service) priority-specifically. For example, whether the rule applies and / or the parameter values ​​related to the proposed method / rule of the present disclosure can be set / allowed (or differently or independently) QoS requirements (e.g., latency, reliability, minimum communication range)-specifically. For example, whether the rule applies and / or the parameter values ​​related to the proposed method / rule of the present disclosure can be set / allowed PQI parameter-specifically (or differently or independently). For example, whether the rule applies and / or the parameter values ​​related to the proposed method / rule of the present disclosure can be set / allowed SL HARQ feedback ENABLED LCH / MAC PDU (transmission)-specifically (or differently or independently). For example, whether the rule is applied and / or the parameter values ​​related to the proposed method / rule of the present disclosure can be set / allowed specifically (or differently or independently) for SL HARQ feedback DISABLED LCH / MAC PDU (transmission). For example, whether the rule is applied and / or the parameter values ​​related to the proposed method / rule of the present disclosure can be set / allowed specifically (or differently or independently) for CBR measurement values ​​of resource pools. For example, whether the rule is applied and / or the parameter values ​​related to the proposed method / rule of the present disclosure can be set / allowed specifically (or differently or independently) for SL cast types (e.g., unicast, groupcast, broadcast).For example, whether the rule is applied and / or the parameter values ​​related to the proposed method / rule of the present disclosure can be set / allowed specifically (or differently or independently) for SL groupcast HARQ feedback options (e.g., NACK only feedback, ACK / NACK feedback, NACK only feedback based on TX-RX distance). For example, whether the rule is applied and / or the parameter values ​​related to the proposed method / rule of the present disclosure can be set / allowed specifically (or differently or independently) for SL mode 1 CG type (e.g., SL CG type 1 or SL CG type 2). For example, whether the rule is applied and / or the parameter values ​​related to the proposed method / rule of the present disclosure can be set / allowed specifically (or differently or independently) for SL mode type (e.g., mode 1 or mode 2). For example, whether the rule is applied and / or the parameter values ​​related to the proposed method / rule of the present disclosure can be set / allowed specifically (or differently or independently) for resource pool. For example, whether the rule applies and / or the parameter values ​​related to the proposed method / rule of the present disclosure can be set / allowed specifically (or differently or independently) whether the PSFCH resource is a configured resource pool. For example, whether the rule applies and / or the parameter values ​​related to the proposed method / rule of the present disclosure can be set / allowed specifically (or differently or independently) for a source (L2) ID. For example, whether the rule applies and / or the parameter values ​​related to the proposed method / rule of the present disclosure can be set / allowed specifically (or differently or independently) for a destination (L2) ID. For example, whether the rule applies and / or the parameter values ​​related to the proposed method / rule of the present disclosure can be set / allowed specifically (or differently or independently) for a PC5 RRC connection link.For example, whether the rule is applied and / or the parameter values ​​related to the proposed method / rule of the present disclosure can be set / allowed specifically (or differently or independently) for an SL link. For example, whether the rule is applied and / or the parameter values ​​related to the proposed method / rule of the present disclosure can be set / allowed specifically (or differently or independently) for a connection state (with a base station) (e.g., RRC CONNECTED state, IDLE state, INACTIVE state). For example, whether the rule is applied and / or the parameter values ​​related to the proposed method / rule of the present disclosure can be set / allowed specifically (or differently or independently) for an SL HARQ process (ID). For example, whether the rule is applied and / or the parameter values ​​related to the proposed method / rule of the present disclosure can be set / allowed specifically (or differently or independently) for whether the SL DRX operation (of a TX UE or an RX UE) is performed. For example, whether the rule applies and / or the parameter values ​​related to the proposed scheme / rule of the present disclosure can be set / allowed specifically (or differently or independently) depending on whether the UE is power saving (TX or RX). For example, whether the rule applies and / or the parameter values ​​related to the proposed scheme / rule of the present disclosure can be set / allowed specifically (or differently or independently) if (from a specific UE perspective) PSFCH TX and PSFCH RX overlap (and / or multiple PSFCH TXs (which exceed the UE capability)) (and / or if PSFCH TX (and / or PSFCH RX) are omitted). For example, whether the rule applies and / or the parameter values ​​related to the proposed scheme / rule of the present disclosure can be set / allowed specifically (or differently or independently) depending on whether the RX UE actually (successfully) receives a PSCCH (and / or PSSCH) (re)transmission from a TX UE.

[0311] For example, in the present disclosure, the setting (or designation) wording can be extended to include a form in which a base station notifies a terminal through a predefined (physical layer or upper layer) channel / signal (e.g., SIB, RRC, MAC CE) (and / or a form provided through pre-configuration and / or a form in which a terminal notifies another terminal through a predefined (physical layer or upper layer) channel / signal (e.g., SL MAC CE, PC5 RRC)).

[0312] For example, in the present disclosure, the PSFCH wording can be extended to (NR or LTE) PSSCH (and / or (NR or LTE) PSCCH) (and / or (NR or LTE) SL SSB (and / or UL channel / signal)). In addition, the proposed method of the present disclosure can be extended (in a new form) by being combined with each other.

[0313] For example, in the present disclosure, a specific threshold value may mean a threshold value that is defined in advance, or set (in advance) by a higher layer (including an application layer) of a network or a base station or a terminal. For example, in the present disclosure, a specific setting value may mean a value that is defined in advance, or set (in advance) by a higher layer (including an application layer) of a network or a base station or a terminal. For example, an operation set by a network / base station may mean an operation that a base station sets (in advance) to a UE via a higher layer RRC signaling, sets / signals to the UE via MAC CE, or signals to the UE via DCI.

[0314] FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating a method performed by a first device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 12 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operations of the embodiments may be omitted.

[0315] Referring to FIG. 12, in step S1210, for example, the first device may obtain information related to at least one candidate region in which the sensing operation of the second device can be performed. In step S1220, for example, the first device may transmit information related to the possibility of performing a sensing operation of the first device (i) within the at least one candidate resource and (ii) based on a direction related to the target sensing region.

[0316] Additionally or alternatively, the sensing action may include at least one of transmitting a first sensing signal, or receiving a second sensing signal impacted by the object or the environment surrounding the object.

[0317] Additionally or alternatively, the affected second sensing signal may include a scattered, reflected, refracted, or diffracted sensing signal.

[0318] Additionally or alternatively, the direction may comprise an angle comprising at least one of a zenith angle or an azimuth angle.

[0319] Additionally or alternatively, information related to the target sensing area may be obtained.

[0320] Additionally or alternatively, a first candidate resource associated with a first RSRP measurement among the reserved resources associated with the first transmission direction toward the target sensing area or associated with a second transmission direction opposite to the first transmission direction toward the target sensing area may be excluded from the at least one candidate resource.

[0321] Additionally or alternatively, the at least one candidate resource may include a second candidate time region within a critical angle from a reference line or reference surface.

[0322] Additionally or alternatively, the at least one candidate resource may be within a resource selection window.

[0323] Additionally or alternatively, the information related to the at least one candidate resource may be obtained by being included in control information.

[0324] Additionally or alternatively, the information relating to the possibility of performing the sensing operation may be transmitted via a feedback channel for the channel through which the control information is transmitted.

[0325] Additionally or alternatively, the information relating to the performability of the sensing operation may include information relating to feedback upon acquisition of the information relating to the at least one candidate resource.

[0326] Additionally or alternatively, the information relating to the performability of the sensing operation may include information relating to whether the sensing operation is performable (i) within the at least one candidate resource of the first device and (ii) based on the direction relative to the target sensing area.

[0327] Additionally or alternatively, control information related to the sensing operation may be received.

[0328] Additionally or alternatively, the control information associated with the sensing operation may include information relating to an ID of at least one device capable of performing the sensing operation (i) within the at least one candidate resource and (ii) facing the direction associated with the target sensing area.

[0329] The proposed method can be applied to devices according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. First, the memory (104) of the first device (100) may have instructions recorded thereon that cause the first device (e.g., the processor (102), the transceiver (106)) to perform operations based on being executed by the processor (102). For example, the operations may include: the step of the first device (e.g., the processor (102), the transceiver (106)) acquiring information related to at least one candidate resource on which a sensing operation of the second device is available; and / or the step of transmitting information related to the availability of a sensing operation based on (i) a direction relative to the at least one candidate resource and (ii) a target sensing area of ​​the first device.

[0330] In one embodiment, a method is provided that is performed by a first device. For example, the first device may obtain information related to at least one candidate region in which a sensing operation of a second device is possible. For example, the first device may transmit information related to the possibility of performing a sensing operation based on (i) the at least one candidate resource of the first device and (ii) a direction relative to a target sensing region.

[0331] In one embodiment, a first device is provided. The first device may include at least one transceiver; at least one processor; and at least one memory executable connected to the at least one processor and having instructions recorded thereon that cause the first device to perform operations based on being executed by the at least one processor. For example, the operations may include: obtaining information related to at least one candidate resource on which a sensing operation of a second device is available; and / or transmitting information related to the availability of a sensing operation based on a direction relative to (i) the at least one candidate resource and (ii) a target sensing area of ​​the first device.

[0332] In one embodiment, a processing device adapted to control a first device is provided. The processing device may include at least one processor; and at least one memory executable connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the first device to perform operations. For example, the operations may include: obtaining information related to at least one candidate resource on which a sensing operation of a second device is available; and / or transmitting information related to the availability of a sensing operation based on a direction relative to (i) the at least one candidate resource and (ii) a target sensing area of ​​the first device.

[0333] In one embodiment, a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having instructions recorded thereon is proposed. The instructions, when executed, may cause a first device to perform operations. For example, the operations may include: obtaining information related to at least one candidate resource on which a sensing operation of a second device is available; and / or transmitting information related to the availability of a sensing operation based on (i) a direction relative to the at least one candidate resource and (ii) a target sensing area of ​​the first device.

[0334] FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating a method performed by a second device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 13 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operations of the embodiments may be omitted.

[0335] Referring to FIG. 13, in step S1310, for example, the second device may transmit information related to at least one candidate resource on which the sensing operation of the second device is available. In step S1320, for example, the second device may receive information related to the availability of a sensing operation of the first device based on (i) the at least one candidate resource and (ii) a direction relative to a target sensing area.

[0336] Additionally or alternatively, the sensing action may include at least one of transmitting a first sensing signal, or receiving a second sensing signal impacted by the object or the environment surrounding the object.

[0337] Additionally or alternatively, the affected second sensing signal may include a scattered, reflected, refracted, or diffracted sensing signal.

[0338] Additionally or alternatively, the direction may comprise an angle comprising at least one of a zenith angle or an azimuth angle.

[0339] Additionally or alternatively, information related to the target sensing area may be obtained.

[0340] Additionally or alternatively, a first candidate resource associated with a first RSRP measurement among the reserved resources associated with the first transmission direction toward the target sensing area or associated with a second transmission direction opposite to the first transmission direction toward the target sensing area may be excluded from the at least one candidate resource.

[0341] Additionally or alternatively, the at least one candidate resource may include a second candidate time region within a critical angle from a reference line or reference surface.

[0342] Additionally or alternatively, the at least one candidate resource may be within a resource selection window.

[0343] Additionally or alternatively, the information related to the at least one candidate resource may be obtained by being included in control information.

[0344] Additionally or alternatively, the information relating to the possibility of performing the sensing operation may be transmitted via a feedback channel for the channel through which the control information is transmitted.

[0345] Additionally or alternatively, the information relating to the performability of the sensing operation may include information relating to feedback upon acquisition of the information relating to the at least one candidate resource.

[0346] Additionally or alternatively, the information relating to the performability of the sensing operation may include information relating to whether the sensing operation is performable (i) within the at least one candidate resource of the first device and (ii) based on a direction relative to a target sensing area.

[0347] Additionally or alternatively, control information related to the sensing operation may be received.

[0348] Additionally or alternatively, the control information associated with the sensing operation may include information relating to an ID of at least one device capable of performing the sensing operation (i) within the at least one candidate resource and (ii) facing the direction associated with the target sensing area.

[0349] The proposed method can be applied to devices according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. First, the memory (204) of the second device (200) may have instructions recorded thereon that cause the second device (e.g., the processor (202), the transceiver (206)) to perform operations based on being executed by the processor (202). For example, the operations may include: the step of the second device (e.g., the processor (202), the transceiver (206)) transmitting information related to at least one candidate resource on which the sensing operation of the second device is available; and / or the step of receiving information related to the availability of the sensing operation based on (i) a direction relative to the at least one candidate resource and (ii) a target sensing area of ​​the first device.

[0350] In one embodiment, a method is provided that is performed by a second device. For example, the second device may transmit information related to at least one candidate resource on which a sensing operation of the second device is available. For example, the second device may receive information related to the availability of a sensing operation of the first device based on (i) the at least one candidate resource and (ii) a direction relative to a target sensing area.

[0351] In one embodiment, a second device is provided. The second device may include at least one transceiver; at least one processor; and at least one memory executable connected to the at least one processor and having instructions recorded thereon that cause the second device to perform operations based on execution by the at least one processor. For example, the operations may include: transmitting information related to at least one candidate resource on which a sensing operation of the second device is available; and / or receiving information related to the availability of a sensing operation based on a direction relative to (i) the at least one candidate resource and (ii) a target sensing area of ​​the first device.

[0352] In one embodiment, a processing apparatus is provided that is configured to control a second device. The apparatus may include at least one processor; and at least one memory that is executable and connected to the at least one processor and that records instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the second device to perform operations. For example, the operations may include: transmitting information related to at least one candidate resource on which a sensing operation of the second device is available; and / or receiving information related to the availability of a sensing operation based on a direction relative to (i) the at least one candidate resource and (ii) a target sensing area of ​​the first device.

[0353] In one embodiment, a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having instructions recorded thereon is proposed. The instructions, when executed by at least one processor, may cause a second device to perform operations. For example, the operations may include: transmitting information related to at least one candidate resource on which a sensing operation of the second device is available; and / or receiving information related to the availability of a sensing operation based on (i) a direction relative to the at least one candidate resource and (ii) a target sensing area of ​​the first device.

[0354] The various embodiments of the present disclosure may be combined with each other, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods and / or operations of the various embodiments may be omitted.

[0355] Below, a description is given of devices to which various embodiments of the present disclosure can be applied.

[0356] Although not limited thereto, the various descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods and / or operational flowcharts disclosed in this document may be applied to various fields requiring wireless communication / connectivity (e.g., 5G) between devices.

[0357] Hereinafter, more specific examples will be provided with reference to the drawings. In the drawings / descriptions below, the same drawing reference numerals may represent identical or corresponding hardware blocks, software blocks, or functional blocks, unless otherwise described.

[0358] Fig. 14 illustrates a communication system (1) according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of Fig. 14 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operations of the embodiments may be omitted.

[0359] Referring to FIG. 14, a communication system (1) to which various embodiments of the present disclosure are applied includes a wireless device, a base station, and a network. Here, the wireless device refers to a device that performs communication using a wireless access technology (e.g., 5G NR (New RAT), LTE (Long Term Evolution)) and may be referred to as a communication / wireless / 5G device. Although not limited thereto, the wireless device may include a robot (100a), a vehicle (100b-1, 100b-2), an XR (eXtended Reality) device (100c), a hand-held device (100d), a home appliance (100e), an IoT (Internet of Things) device (100f), and an AI device / server (400). For example, the vehicle may include a vehicle equipped with a wireless communication function, an autonomous vehicle, a vehicle capable of performing vehicle-to-vehicle communication, etc. Here, the vehicle may include an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) (e.g., a drone) and / or an Aerial Vehicle (AV) (e.g., an Advanced Air Mobility (AAM)). The XR device may include an Augmented Reality (AR) / Virtual Reality (VR) / Mixed Reality (MR) device, and may be implemented in the form of a Head-Mounted Device (HMD), a Head-Up Display (HUD) equipped in a vehicle, a television, a smartphone, a computer, a wearable device, a home appliance, a digital signage, a vehicle, a robot, etc. The portable device may include a smartphone, a smart pad, a wearable device (e.g., a smart watch, smart glasses), a computer (e.g., a laptop, etc.), etc. The home appliance may include a TV, a refrigerator, a washing machine, etc. The IoT device may include a sensor, a smart meter, etc. For example, a base station and a network may also be implemented as a wireless device, and a specific wireless device (200a) may operate as a base station / network node to other wireless devices.

[0360] Here, the wireless communication technology implemented in the wireless devices (100a to 100f) of the present specification may include not only LTE, NR, and 6G, but also Narrowband Internet of Things for low-power communication. At this time, for example, NB-IoT technology may be an example of LPWAN (Low Power Wide Area Network) technology, and may be implemented with standards such as LTE Cat NB1 and / or LTE Cat NB2, and is not limited to the above-described names. Additionally or alternatively, the wireless communication technology implemented in the wireless devices (100a to 100f) of the present specification may perform communication based on LTE-M technology. At this time, for example, LTE-M technology may be an example of LPWAN technology, and may be called by various names such as eMTC (enhanced Machine Type Communication). For example, LTE-M technology can be implemented by at least one of various standards such as 1) LTE CAT 0, 2) LTE Cat M1, 3) LTE Cat M2, 4) LTE non-BL (non-Bandwidth Limited), 5) LTE-MTC, 6) LTE Machine Type Communication, and / or 7) LTE M, and is not limited to the above-described names. Additionally or alternatively, the wireless communication technology implemented in the wireless devices (100a to 100f) of the present specification can include at least one of ZigBee, Bluetooth, and Low Power Wide Area Network (LPWAN) considering low-power communication, and is not limited to the above-described names. For example, ZigBee technology can create personal area networks (PAN) related to small / low-power digital communication based on various standards such as IEEE 802.15.4, and can be called by various names.

[0361] Wireless devices (100a to 100f) can be connected to a network (300) via a base station (200). Artificial Intelligence (AI) technology can be applied to the wireless devices (100a to 100f), and the wireless devices (100a to 100f) can be connected to an AI server (400) via the network (300). The network (300) can be configured using a 3G network, a 4G (e.g., LTE) network, a 5G (e.g., NR) network, etc. The wireless devices (100a to 100f) can communicate with each other via the base station (200) / network (300), but can also communicate directly (e.g., sidelink communication) without going through the base station / network. For example, vehicles (100b-1, 100b-2) can communicate directly (e.g., V2V (Vehicle to Vehicle) / V2X (Vehicle to Everything) communication). In addition, IoT devices (e.g., sensors) can communicate directly with other IoT devices (e.g., sensors) or other wireless devices (100a to 100f).

[0362] Wireless communication / connection (150a, 150b, 150c) can be established between wireless devices (100a~100f) / base stations (200), and base stations (200) / base stations (200). Here, wireless communication / connection can be achieved through various wireless access technologies (e.g., 5G NR) such as uplink / downlink communication (150a), sidelink communication (150b) (or, D2D communication), and communication between base stations (150c) (e.g., relay, IAB (Integrated Access Backhaul). Through wireless communication / connection (150a, 150b, 150c), wireless devices and base stations / wireless devices, and base stations and base stations can transmit / receive wireless signals to each other. For example, wireless communication / connection (150a, 150b, 150c) can transmit / receive signals through various physical channels. To this end, at least some of various configuration information setting processes for transmitting / receiving wireless signals, various signal processing processes (e.g., channel encoding / decoding, modulation / demodulation, resource mapping / demapping, etc.), and resource allocation processes can be performed based on various proposals of the present disclosure.

[0363] FIG. 15 illustrates a wireless device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 15 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operations of the embodiments may be omitted.

[0364] Referring to FIG. 15, the first wireless device (100) and the second wireless device (200) can transmit and receive wireless signals via various wireless access technologies (e.g., LTE, NR). Here, {the first wireless device (100), the second wireless device (200)} can correspond to {the wireless device (100x), the base station (200)} and / or {the wireless device (100x), the wireless device (100x)} of FIG. 14.

[0365] A first wireless device (100) includes one or more processors (102) and one or more memories (104), and may further include one or more transceivers (106) and / or one or more antennas (108). The processor (102) controls the memories (104) and / or the transceivers (106), and may be configured to implement the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operational flowcharts disclosed in this document. For example, the processor (102) may process information in the memory (104) to generate first information / signal, and then transmit a wireless signal including the first information / signal via the transceiver (106). Furthermore, the processor (102) may receive a wireless signal including second information / signal via the transceiver (106), and then store information obtained from signal processing of the second information / signal in the memory (104). The memory (104) may be connected to the processor (102) and may store various information related to the operation of the processor (102). For example, the memory (104) may perform some or all of the processes controlled by the processor (102), or may store software code including commands for performing the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operation flowcharts disclosed in this document. Here, the processor (102) and the memory (104) may be part of a communication modem / circuit / chip designed to implement a wireless communication technology (e.g., LTE, NR). The transceiver (106) may be connected to the processor (102) and may transmit and / or receive wireless signals via one or more antennas (108). The transceiver (106) may include a transmitter and / or a receiver. The transceiver (106) may be used interchangeably with an RF (Radio Frequency) unit. In the present disclosure, a wireless device may also mean a communication modem / circuit / chip.

[0366] A second wireless device (200) includes one or more processors (202), one or more memories (204), and may further include one or more transceivers (206) and / or one or more antennas (208). The processor (202) controls the memories (204) and / or the transceivers (206), and may be configured to implement the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operational flowcharts disclosed in this document. For example, the processor (202) may process information in the memory (204) to generate third information / signals, and then transmit a wireless signal including the third information / signals via the transceivers (206). In addition, the processor (202) may receive a wireless signal including fourth information / signals via the transceivers (206), and then store information obtained from signal processing of the fourth information / signals in the memory (204). The memory (204) may be connected to the processor (202) and may store various information related to the operation of the processor (202). For example, the memory (204) may perform some or all of the processes controlled by the processor (202), or may store software code including commands for performing the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operation flowcharts disclosed in this document. Here, the processor (202) and the memory (204) may be part of a communication modem / circuit / chip designed to implement wireless communication technology (e.g., LTE, NR). The transceiver (206) may be connected to the processor (202) and may transmit and / or receive wireless signals via one or more antennas (208). The transceiver (206) may include a transmitter and / or a receiver. The transceiver (206) may be used interchangeably with an RF unit. In the present disclosure, a wireless device may also mean a communication modem / circuit / chip.

[0367] Hereinafter, the hardware elements of the wireless device (100, 200) will be described in more detail. Although not limited thereto, one or more protocol layers may be implemented by one or more processors (102, 202). For example, one or more processors (102, 202) may implement one or more layers (e.g., functional layers such as PHY, MAC, RLC, PDCP, RRC, SDAP). One or more processors (102, 202) may generate one or more Protocol Data Units (PDUs) and / or one or more Service Data Units (SDUs) according to the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operation flowcharts disclosed in this document. One or more processors (102, 202) may generate messages, control information, data, or information according to the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operation flowcharts disclosed in this document. One or more processors (102, 202) can generate signals (e.g., baseband signals) including PDUs, SDUs, messages, control information, data or information according to the functions, procedures, proposals and / or methods disclosed herein, and provide the signals to one or more transceivers (106, 206). One or more processors (102, 202) can receive signals (e.g., baseband signals) from one or more transceivers (106, 206) and obtain PDUs, SDUs, messages, control information, data or information according to the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods and / or operational flowcharts disclosed herein.

[0368] One or more processors (102, 202) may be referred to as a controller, a microcontroller, a microprocessor, or a microcomputer. One or more processors (102, 202) may be implemented by hardware, firmware, software, or a combination thereof. For example, one or more Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs), one or more Digital Signal Processors (DSPs), one or more Digital Signal Processing Devices (DSPDs), one or more Programmable Logic Devices (PLDs), or one or more Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) may be included in one or more processors (102, 202). The descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operational flowcharts disclosed in this document may be implemented using firmware or software, and the firmware or software may be implemented to include modules, procedures, functions, etc. The descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods and / or operation flowcharts disclosed in this document may be implemented using firmware or software configured to perform one or more processors (102, 202) or stored in one or more memories (104, 204) and executed by one or more processors (102, 202). The descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods and / or operation flowcharts disclosed in this document may be implemented using firmware or software in the form of codes, instructions and / or sets of instructions.

[0369] One or more memories (104, 204) may be coupled to one or more processors (102, 202) and may store various forms of data, signals, messages, information, programs, codes, instructions, and / or commands. The one or more memories (104, 204) may be configured as ROM, RAM, EPROM, flash memory, hard drives, registers, cache memory, computer-readable storage media, and / or combinations thereof. The one or more memories (104, 204) may be located internally and / or externally to the one or more processors (102, 202). Additionally, the one or more memories (104, 204) may be coupled to the one or more processors (102, 202) via various technologies, such as wired or wireless connections.

[0370] One or more transceivers (106, 206) can transmit user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, etc., as mentioned in the methods and / or flowcharts of this document, to one or more other devices. One or more transceivers (106, 206) can receive user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, etc., as mentioned in the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods and / or flowcharts of this document, from one or more other devices. For example, one or more transceivers (106, 206) can be connected to one or more processors (102, 202) and can transmit and receive wireless signals. For example, one or more processors (102, 202) can control one or more transceivers (106, 206) to transmit user data, control information, or wireless signals to one or more other devices. Additionally, one or more processors (102, 202) may control one or more transceivers (106, 206) to receive user data, control information, or wireless signals from one or more other devices. Additionally, one or more transceivers (106, 206) may be coupled to one or more antennas (108, 208), and one or more transceivers (106, 206) may be configured to transmit and receive user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, or the like, as referred to in the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operational flowcharts disclosed herein, via one or more antennas (108, 208). In this document, one or more antennas may be multiple physical antennas or multiple logical antennas (e.g., antenna ports). One or more transceivers (106, 206) can convert received user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, etc. from RF band signals to baseband signals in order to process the received user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, etc. using one or more processors (102, 202).One or more transceivers (106, 206) may convert user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, etc. processed by one or more processors (102, 202) from baseband signals to RF band signals. For this purpose, one or more transceivers (106, 206) may include an (analog) oscillator and / or filter.

[0371] Fig. 16 illustrates a signal processing circuit for a transmission signal according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of Fig. 16 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operations of the embodiments may be omitted.

[0372] Referring to FIG. 16, the signal processing circuit (1000) may include a scrambler (1010), a modulator (1020), a layer mapper (1030), a precoder (1040), a resource mapper (1050), and a signal generator (1060). Although not limited thereto, the operations / functions of FIG. 16 may be performed in the processor (102, 202) and / or the transceiver (106, 206) of FIG. 15. The hardware elements of FIG. 16 may be implemented in the processor (102, 202) and / or the transceiver (106, 206) of FIG. 15. For example, blocks 1010 to 1060 may be implemented in the processor (102, 202) of FIG. 15. Additionally, blocks 1010 to 1050 may be implemented in the processor (102, 202) of FIG. 15, and block 1060 may be implemented in the transceiver (106, 206) of FIG. 15.

[0373] The codeword can be converted into a wireless signal through the signal processing circuit (1000) of FIG. 16. Here, the codeword is an encoded bit sequence of an information block. The information block can include a transport block (e.g., an UL-SCH transport block, a DL-SCH transport block). The wireless signal can be transmitted through various physical channels (e.g., a PUSCH or a PDSCH).

[0374] Specifically, the codeword can be converted into a bit sequence scrambled by a scrambler (1010). The scramble sequence used for scrambling is generated based on an initialization value, and the initialization value may include ID information of the wireless device, etc. The scrambled bit sequence can be modulated into a modulation symbol sequence by a modulator (1020). The modulation method may include pi / 2-BPSK (pi / 2-Binary Phase Shift Keying), m-PSK (m-Phase Shift Keying), m-QAM (m-Quadrature Amplitude Modulation), etc. The complex modulation symbol sequence can be mapped to one or more transmission layers by a layer mapper (1030). The modulation symbols of each transmission layer can be mapped to the corresponding antenna port(s) by a precoder (1040) (precoding). The output z of the precoder (1040) can be obtained by multiplying the output y of the layer mapper (1030) by a precoding matrix W of N*M. Here, N is the number of antenna ports, and M is the number of transmission layers. Here, the precoder (1040) can perform precoding after performing transform precoding (e.g., DFT transform) on complex modulation symbols. In addition, the precoder (1040) can perform precoding without performing transform precoding.

[0375] The resource mapper (1050) can map modulation symbols of each antenna port to time-frequency resources. The time-frequency resources can include multiple symbols (e.g., CP-OFDMA symbols, DFT-s-OFDMA symbols) in the time domain and multiple subcarriers in the frequency domain. The signal generator (1060) generates a wireless signal from the mapped modulation symbols, and the generated wireless signal can be transmitted to another device through each antenna. To this end, the signal generator (1060) can include an Inverse Fast Fourier Transform (IFFT) module, a Cyclic Prefix (CP) inserter, a Digital-to-Analog Converter (DAC), a frequency uplink converter, etc.

[0376] The signal processing process for receiving signals in a wireless device can be configured in reverse order of the signal processing process (1010 to 1060) of FIG. 16. For example, a wireless device (e.g., 100, 200 of FIG. 15) can receive wireless signals from the outside through an antenna port / transceiver. The received wireless signals can be converted into baseband signals through a signal restorer. For this purpose, the signal restorer can include a frequency downlink converter, an analog-to-digital converter (ADC), a CP remover, and a fast Fourier transform (FFT) module. Thereafter, the baseband signal can be restored to a codeword through a resource demapper process, a postcoding process, a demodulation process, and a descrambling process. The codewords can be restored to the original information blocks through decoding. Accordingly, a signal processing circuit (not shown) for a received signal may include a signal restorer, a resource de-mapper, a postcoder, a demodulator, a de-scrambler, and a decoder.

[0377] Figure 17 illustrates a wireless device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The wireless device may be implemented in various forms depending on the use case / service (see Figure 14). The embodiment of Figure 17 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operations of the embodiments may be omitted.

[0378] Referring to FIG. 17, the wireless device (100, 200) corresponds to the wireless device (100, 200) of FIG. 15 and may be composed of various elements, components, units / units, and / or modules. For example, the wireless device (100, 200) may include a communication unit (110), a control unit (120), a memory unit (130), and additional elements (140). The communication unit may include a communication circuit (112) and a transceiver(s) (114). For example, the communication circuit (112) may include one or more processors (102, 202) and / or one or more memories (104, 204) of FIG. 15. For example, the transceiver(s) (114) may include one or more transceivers (106, 206) and / or one or more antennas (108, 208) of FIG. 15. The control unit (120) is electrically connected to the communication unit (110), the memory unit (130), and the additional elements (140) and controls the overall operation of the wireless device. For example, the control unit (120) may control the electrical / mechanical operation of the wireless device based on the program / code / command / information stored in the memory unit (130). In addition, the control unit (120) may transmit information stored in the memory unit (130) to an external device (e.g., another communication device) via a wireless / wired interface through the communication unit (110), or store information received from an external device (e.g., another communication device) via a wireless / wired interface in the memory unit (130).

[0379] The additional element (140) may be configured in various ways depending on the type of the wireless device. For example, the additional element (140) may include at least one of a power unit / battery, an input / output unit (I / O unit), a driving unit, and a computing unit. Although not limited thereto, the wireless device may be implemented in the form of a robot (Fig. 14, 100a), a vehicle (Fig. 14, 100b-1, 100b-2), an XR device (Fig. 14, 100c), a portable device (Fig. 14, 100d), a home appliance (Fig. 14, 100e), an IoT device (Fig. 14, 100f), a digital broadcasting terminal, a hologram device, a public safety device, an MTC device, a medical device, a fintech device (or a financial device), a security device, a climate / environmental device, an AI server / device (Fig. 14, 400), a base station (Fig. 14, 200), a network node, etc. Wireless devices may be mobile or stationary depending on the use / service.

[0380] In FIG. 17, various elements, components, units / parts, and / or modules within the wireless device (100, 200) may be interconnected entirely via a wired interface, or at least some may be wirelessly connected via a communication unit (110). For example, within the wireless device (100, 200), the control unit (120) and the communication unit (110) may be wired, and the control unit (120) and the first unit (e.g., 130, 140) may be wirelessly connected via the communication unit (110). In addition, each element, component, unit / part, and / or module within the wireless device (100, 200) may further include one or more elements. For example, the control unit (120) may be composed of one or more processor sets. For example, the control unit (120) may be composed of a set of a communication control processor, an application processor, an electronic control unit (ECU), a graphics processing processor, a memory control processor, etc. As another example, the memory unit (130) may be composed of a random access memory (RAM), a dynamic RAM (DRAM), a read only memory (ROM), a flash memory, a volatile memory, a non-volatile memory, and / or a combination thereof.

[0381] Below, the implementation example of Fig. 17 is described in more detail with reference to the drawings.

[0382] FIG. 18 illustrates a mobile device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The mobile device may include a smartphone, a smart pad, a wearable device (e.g., a smartwatch, smartglasses), or a portable computer (e.g., a laptop, etc.). The mobile device may be referred to as a Mobile Station (MS), a User Terminal (UT), a Mobile Subscriber Station (MSS), a Subscriber Station (SS), an Advanced Mobile Station (AMS), or a Wireless Terminal (WT). The embodiment of FIG. 18 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operations of the embodiments may be omitted.

[0383] Referring to FIG. 18, the portable device (100) may include an antenna unit (108), a communication unit (110), a control unit (120), a memory unit (130), a power supply unit (140a), an interface unit (140b), and an input / output unit (140c). The antenna unit (108) may be configured as a part of the communication unit (110). Blocks 110 to 130 / 140a to 140c correspond to blocks 110 to 130 / 140 of FIG. 17, respectively.

[0384] The communication unit (110) can transmit and receive signals (e.g., data, control signals, etc.) with other wireless devices and base stations. The control unit (120) can control components of the mobile device (100) to perform various operations. The control unit (120) can include an AP (Application Processor). The memory unit (130) can store data / parameters / programs / codes / commands required for operating the mobile device (100). In addition, the memory unit (130) can store input / output data / information, etc. The power supply unit (140a) supplies power to the mobile device (100) and can include a wired / wireless charging circuit, a battery, etc. The interface unit (140b) can support connection between the mobile device (100) and other external devices. The interface unit (140b) can include various ports (e.g., audio input / output ports, video input / output ports) for connection with external devices. The input / output unit (140c) can input or output video information / signals, audio information / signals, data, and / or information input from a user. The input / output unit (140c) may include a camera, a microphone, a user input unit, a display unit (140d), a speaker, and / or a haptic module.

[0385] For example, in the case of data communication, the input / output unit (140c) obtains information / signals (e.g., touch, text, voice, image, video) input by the user, and the obtained information / signals can be stored in the memory unit (130). The communication unit (110) converts the information / signals stored in the memory into wireless signals, and can directly transmit the converted wireless signals to other wireless devices or to a base station. In addition, the communication unit (110) can receive wireless signals from other wireless devices or base stations, and then restore the received wireless signals to the original information / signals. The restored information / signals can be stored in the memory unit (130) and then output in various forms (e.g., text, voice, image, video, haptic) through the input / output unit (140c).

[0386] FIG. 19 illustrates a vehicle or autonomous vehicle according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The vehicle or autonomous vehicle may be implemented as a mobile robot, a car, a train, a manned / unmanned aerial vehicle (AV), a ship, etc. The embodiment of FIG. 19 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure, and some descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operations of the embodiments may be omitted.

[0387] Referring to FIG. 19, a vehicle or autonomous vehicle (100) may include an antenna unit (108), a communication unit (110), a control unit (120), a driving unit (140a), a power supply unit (140b), a sensor unit (140c), and an autonomous driving unit (140d). The antenna unit (108) may be configured as a part of the communication unit (110). Blocks 110 / 130 / 140a to 140d correspond to blocks 110 / 130 / 140 of FIG. 17, respectively.

[0388] The communication unit (110) can transmit and receive signals (e.g., data, control signals, etc.) with external devices such as other vehicles, base stations (e.g., base stations, road side units, etc.), and servers. The control unit (120) can control elements of the vehicle or autonomous vehicle (100) to perform various operations. The control unit (120) can include an ECU (Electronic Control Unit). The drive unit (140a) can drive the vehicle or autonomous vehicle (100) on the ground. The drive unit (140a) can include an engine, a motor, a power train, wheels, brakes, a steering device, etc. The power supply unit (140b) supplies power to the vehicle or autonomous vehicle (100) and can include a wired / wireless charging circuit, a battery, etc. The sensor unit (140c) can obtain vehicle status, surrounding environment information, user information, etc. The sensor unit (140c) may include an IMU (inertial measurement unit) sensor, a collision sensor, a wheel sensor, a speed sensor, an incline sensor, a weight detection sensor, a heading sensor, a position module, a vehicle forward / backward sensor, a battery sensor, a fuel sensor, a tire sensor, a steering sensor, a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, an ultrasonic sensor, an illuminance sensor, a pedal position sensor, etc. The autonomous driving unit (140d) may implement a technology for maintaining a driving lane, a technology for automatically controlling speed such as adaptive cruise control, a technology for automatically driving along a set path, a technology for automatically setting a path and driving when a destination is set, etc.

[0389] For example, the communication unit (110) can receive map data, traffic information data, etc. from an external server. The autonomous driving unit (140d) can generate an autonomous driving route and driving plan based on the acquired data. The control unit (120) can control the drive unit (140a) so that the vehicle or autonomous vehicle (100) moves along the autonomous driving route according to the driving plan (e.g., speed / direction control). During autonomous driving, the communication unit (110) can irregularly / periodically acquire the latest traffic information data from an external server and can acquire surrounding traffic information data from surrounding vehicles. In addition, during autonomous driving, the sensor unit (140c) can acquire vehicle status and surrounding environment information. The autonomous driving unit (140d) can update the autonomous driving route and driving plan based on newly acquired data / information. The communication unit (110) can transmit information regarding the vehicle location, autonomous driving route, driving plan, etc. to the external server. External servers can predict traffic information data in advance using AI technology or other technologies based on information collected from vehicles or autonomous vehicles, and provide the predicted traffic information data to the vehicles or autonomous vehicles.

[0390] The claims set forth in this specification may be combined in various ways. For example, the technical features of the method claims of this specification may be combined and implemented as a device, and the technical features of the device claims of this specification may be combined and implemented as a method. Furthermore, the technical features of the method claims and the technical features of the device claims of this specification may be combined and implemented as a device, and the technical features of the method claims and the technical features of the device claims of this specification may be combined and implemented as a method.

Claims

1. In a method performed by the first device, A step of obtaining information related to at least one candidate resource that is capable of performing a sensing operation of a second device; and A method comprising: transmitting information related to the availability of a sensing operation based on (i) the at least one candidate resource of the first device and (ii) a direction relative to a target sensing area; 2. In paragraph 1, A method wherein the sensing action comprises at least one of transmitting a first sensing signal or receiving a second sensing signal impacted by an object or an environment surrounding the object.

3. In paragraph 2, A method wherein the affected second sensing signal comprises a scattered, reflected, refracted, or diffracted sensing signal.

4. In paragraph 1, A method wherein the direction comprises an angle including at least one of a zenith angle and an azimuth angle.

5. In paragraph 1, A method further comprising: a step of obtaining information related to the target sensing area.

6. In paragraph 1, A method wherein a first candidate resource associated with a first RSRP measurement among reserved resources associated with a first transmission direction toward the target sensing area or associated with a second transmission direction opposite to the first transmission direction toward the target sensing area is excluded from at least one candidate resource.

7. In paragraph 1, A method wherein at least one candidate resource comprises a second candidate time region associated with a direction within a critical angle from a reference line or a reference surface.

8. In paragraph 1, A method wherein at least one candidate resource is within a resource selection window.

9. In paragraph 1, A method wherein the information related to at least one candidate resource is obtained by being included in control information.

10. In paragraph 9, A method in which the information related to the possibility of performing the sensing operation is transmitted through a feedback channel for the channel through which the control information is transmitted.

11. In paragraph 1, A method wherein the information related to the possibility of performing the sensing operation includes information related to feedback upon acquisition of the information related to the at least one candidate resource.

12. In paragraph 1, A method wherein the information related to the possibility of performing the sensing operation includes information related to whether the sensing operation is performable (i) within the at least one candidate resource of the first device and (ii) based on the direction relative to the target sensing area.

13. In paragraph 1, A step of receiving control information related to the sensing operation; further comprising: A method wherein the control information related to the sensing operation includes information related to an ID of at least one device capable of performing the sensing operation (i) within the at least one candidate resource and (ii) toward the direction related to the target sensing area.

14. In the first device, At least one transmitter / receiver; at least one processor; and At least one memory executable connected to said at least one processor and having instructions recorded thereon that cause said first device to perform operations based on being executed by said at least one processor, said operations comprising: A step of obtaining information related to at least one candidate resource that is capable of performing a sensing operation of a second device; and A first device comprising: (i) transmitting information related to the availability of a sensing operation based on a direction relative to the at least one candidate resource of the first device and (ii) a target sensing area; 15. In a processing device adapted to control a first device, The above processing device, at least one processor; and At least one memory executable connected to said at least one processor and having instructions recorded thereon that cause said first device to perform operations based on being executed by said at least one processor, said operations comprising: A step of obtaining information related to at least one candidate resource that is capable of performing a sensing operation of a second device; and A processing device comprising: (i) transmitting information related to the availability of a sensing operation based on a direction relative to the at least one candidate resource of the first device and (ii) a target sensing area; 16. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium that records commands, The above instructions, when executed, cause the first device to perform actions, wherein the actions are: A step of obtaining information related to at least one candidate resource that is capable of performing a sensing operation of a second device; and A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium comprising: (i) transmitting information related to the availability of a sensing operation based on a direction relative to a target sensing area and (ii) within the at least one candidate resource of the first device; 17. In a method performed by a second device, A step of transmitting information related to at least one candidate resource that is available for the sensing operation of the second device; and A method comprising: receiving information relating to the availability of a sensing operation based on (i) at least one candidate resource of a first device and (ii) a direction relative to a target sensing area; 18. In the second device, At least one transmitter / receiver; at least one processor; and At least one memory executable connected to said at least one processor and having instructions recorded thereon that cause said second device to perform operations based on being executed by said at least one processor, said operations comprising: A step of transmitting information related to at least one candidate resource that is available for the sensing operation of the second device; and A second device comprising: (i) receiving information related to the availability of a sensing operation based on at least one candidate resource of the first device and (ii) a direction relative to a target sensing area; 19. In a processing apparatus adapted to control a second device, the processing apparatus comprises: at least one processor; and At least one memory executable connected to said at least one processor and having instructions recorded thereon that cause said second device to perform operations based on being executed by said at least one processor, said operations comprising: A step of transmitting information related to at least one candidate resource that is available for the sensing operation of the second device; and A processing device comprising: (i) receiving information related to the availability of a sensing operation based on a direction relative to (i) at least one candidate resource of a first device and (ii) a target sensing area; 20. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium that records commands, The above instructions, when executed, cause the second device to perform actions, wherein the actions are: A step of transmitting information related to at least one candidate resource that is available for the sensing operation of the second device; and A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium comprising: (i) receiving information related to the availability of a sensing operation based on a direction relative to a target sensing area and (ii) within at least one candidate resource of a first device;

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