Methods for a-IOT communication with backscattering
Power control and resource allocation strategies, combined with separate channel designs, address interference in A-IoT systems coexisting with cellular networks, improving communication efficiency and reliability.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- PCT/CN2024/086010
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-04-03
- Publication Date
- 2025-10-09
AI Technical Summary
The coexistence of Ambient IoT (A-IoT) systems with legacy cellular systems poses interference issues due to different spectrum allocation assumptions, necessitating effective interference handling methods, particularly in scenarios where A-IoT systems are deployed in-band, in guardband, or standalone with LTE and NR systems.
Implementing power control schemes based on pathloss measurements to determine transmission power, along with resource allocation strategies like TDM, FDM, and NOMA, and designing separate control and data channels for A-IoT R2D and D2R links to manage interference and optimize communication.
Effectively alleviates interference between A-IoT and cellular systems by optimizing transmission power and resource allocation, enhancing communication efficiency and reliability in A-IoT systems.
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Figure CN2024086010_09102025_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
METHODS FOR A-IOT COMMUNICATION WITH BACKSCATTERINGFIELD
[0001] The invention discussed below relates generally to wireless communication systems, and more particularly, to methods for A-IoT communication with backscattering.BACKGROUND
[0002] The spectrum deployment of Ambient IoT (A-IoT) includes in-band, in guardband, and standalone with legacy cellular system. It means the coexistence between A-IoT and legacy cellular system need to be considered and the corresponding interference issue should be solved. To this end, based on different spectrum allocation assumption, i.e., whether FDD DL or UL spectrum are used for A-IoT transmissions, the interference handling method is proposed to avoid / alleviate the interference between A-IoT and cellular systems. Additionally, as a new RAT, the A-IoT channel / signals design should also be considered.SUMMARY
[0003] The following presents a simplified summary of one or more aspects in order to provide a basic understanding of such aspects. This summary is not an extensive overview of all contemplated aspects, and is intended to neither identify key or critical elements of all aspects nor delineate the scope of any or all aspects. Its sole purpose is to present some concepts of one or more aspects in a simplified form as a prelude to the more detailed description that is presented later.
[0004] Various aspects of the present disclosure relate to interference handling method of A-IoT system coexisted with cellular system (e.g., LTE and NR) . Specifically, regarding different spectrum allocation assumption for A-IoT transmissions, i.e., whether FDD DL or UL spectrum are used for A-IoT transmissions, the caused interference between A-IoT system and cellular system are different. Based on it, different methods can be used to avoid or alleviate the interference. One method is to perform a power control scheme to determine the transmission power based on the pathloss, which can be configured and / or indicated as the pathloss between different nodes. For example, the pathloss between a carrier wave (CW) emitter and BS can be used to alleviate the interference caused by the CW emitter to the BS, and / or the pathloss between CW emitter and legacy UE can be used to alleviate the interference caused by the CW emitter to the legacy UE. The specific pathloss configured and / or indicated to be used can be determined based on the spectrum (i.e., DL or UL spectrum) used. Additionally, another method is based on the scheduling of BS / network, the resource used for A-IoT and cellular system can be TDM (A) , FDM(A) , CDM (A) and / or NOMA.
[0005] In another aspect of the disclosure, the A-IoT R2D link (i.e., Reader to Device link) and A-IoT D2R (i.e., Device to Reader link) channel / signal design is presented in this disclosure. Specifically, a separate control channel (CCH) and data channel (DCH) for A-IoT R2D and D2R transmission are designed. Different response type / information from Device can be indicated by the Reader through R2D CCH. Corresponding, different information involved in D2R CCH can be carried per specific indication in R2D CCH.
[0006] To the accomplishment of the foregoing and related ends, the one or more aspects comprise the features hereinafter fully described and particularly pointed out in the claims. The following description and the annexed figures set forth in detail certain illustrative features of the one or more aspects. These features are indicative, however, of but a few of the various ways in which the principles of various aspects may be employed, and this description is intended to include all such aspects and their equivalents.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0007] FIG. 1 illustrates an exemplary diagram of the deployment scenario of A-IoT system.
[0008] FIG. 2 illustrates an exemplary diagram of the D2R channel structure and content of the immediate reply.
[0009] FIG. 3 illustrates an exemplary diagram of the D2R channel structure and content of the delayed reply.
[0010] FIG. 4 illustrates an exemplary diagram of the D2R channel structure and content of the in-process reply.
[0011] FIG 5 illustrates an exemplary diagram of the D2R channel structure and content of the delayed reply with individual field of error code.DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0012] The detailed description set forth below in connection with the appended drawings is intended as a description of various configurations and is not intended to represent the only configurations in which the concepts described herein may be practiced. The detailed description includes specific details for the purpose of providing a thorough understanding of various concepts. However, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that these concepts may be practiced without these specific details. In some instances, well known structures and components are shown in block diagram form in order to avoid obscuring such concepts.
[0013] Several aspects of telecommunication systems will now be presented with reference to various apparatus and methods. These apparatus and methods will be described in the following detailed description and illustrated in the accompanying drawings by various blocks, components, circuits, processes, algorithms, etc. (collectively referred to as “elements” ) . These elements may be implemented using electronic hardware, computer software, or any combination thereof. Whether such elements are implemented as hardware or software depends upon the particular application and design constraints imposed on the overall system.
[0014] This invention is motived by, but not limited to, a scenario where A-IoT system is deployed in-band, in guardband, and / or standalone with legacy cellular system. In such scenario, the interference issue between A-IoT system and cellular system should be handled. Specifically, for a A-IoT system, there should at least includes a R2D transmission and a D2R transmission. Additionally, if the transmission of D2R is based on the backscattering of a carrier wave incoming externally, there should include a CW2R transmission (CW emitter to Device) . The CW emitter can be the reader, and can also be another device different from the reader. In this disclosure, a power control scheme is designed to determine the transmission power of the CW2D transmission and / or R2D transmission.
[0015] In this disclosure, the power control scheme should at least consider the factors include Max transmission power per device capability (factor 1) , at least one power related to the at least one pathloss (factor 2) . The pathloss at least includes the pathloss between the transmitter of CW2D transmission (e.g., CW emitter) to the receiver of the CW2D transmission (e.g., Device) (factor 2-1) , the pathloss between transmitter of CW2D transmission to the reader if the transmitter of CW2D is different from the reader (factor 2-2) , and the pathloss between transmitter of CW2D transmission to at least on legacy UE (factor 2-3) . The final transmission power of CW2D after the power control scheme here is the minimum one of the factors described above. In general, it can be express as P=min (PMAX, PPL) dBm, where PMAX, PPL represent the factor 1 and factor 2 above. Further, PPL=min (PCW2D, PR2CW, PCW2UE) , where PCW2D, PR2CW, PCW2UE represent factor 2-1, 2-2 and 2-3 above, which can be (pre-) configured to be totally or partially involved in the calculation of factor 2. Further, for each one of factor 2, it further includes at least three items. Item-1 is a preconfigured power value and dedicated for a specific pathloss. Item-2 is related to the occupied resource and common for all pathloss. Item-3 is a value after a scaling of the pathloss, and the scaling factor is dedicated for a specific pathloss. For example, factor 2-1 can be expressed as where PO, CW2D is the item-1 by (pre-) configured by a RRC. the item-2, where μ is a parameter related to numerology (e.g., μ=0, 1, 2 for 15, 30, 60 kHz SCS) , and is a number of RB for CW2D transmission. αCW2D×PLCW2D is the item-3, where αCW2D can be (pre-) configured by RRC is the corresponding pathloss are involved in the power control calculation, and PLCW2D is the pathloss between the transmitter of CW2D transmission (e.g., CW emitter) to the receiver of the CW2D transmission (e.g., Device) (factor 2-1) .
[0016] In another aspect of the disclosure, the method to obtain the different pathloss is presented. In general, the power control performer can be the CW2D transmitter, and / or by the reader (BS or UE) . Additionally, the pathloss can be obtained by the CW2D transmitter, and / or by the reader (BS or UE) . Different combination of the power control performer and pathloss obtaining device are included in this disclosure. For example, for factor 2-1, i.e., the pathloss between the transmitter of CW2D transmission (e.g., CW emitter) to the receiver of the CW2D transmission (e.g., Device) , it can be obtained by the CW emitter based on the energy strength of the backscattered signal from the device. Then the power control can be performed by the CW emitter. Alternatively, CW emitter can report the pathloss by an indication in the transmission from CW emitter (e.g., legacy UE) to reader (e.g., BS) . Another alternative, such a pathloss can be obtained by the reader based on the backscattered signal from the device and the transmission power info of the CW emitter. After that, the power control can be performed by the BS then deliver to CW emitter, or the pathloss can be deliver to the CW emitter, then the pathloss can be performed by the CW emitter.
[0017] In another aspect of the disclosure, the resource for transmissions of CW2D, R2D, and D2R are controlled by the BS / network. For example, the resource used for CW2D transmission, and the resource used for Uu DL can be scheduled in different time occasion (i.e., TDM (A) between CW2D and Uu DL transmission) . Alternatively, the resource used for CW2D transmission, and the resource used for Uu DL can be scheduled in different frequency occasion (i.e., FDM (A) between CW2D and Uu DL transmission) . Alternatively, the power for CW2D transmission, and the power for Uu DL transmission can be scheduled in different level (i.e., NOMA between CW2D and Uu DL transmission) .
[0018] In another aspect of the disclosure, for R2D transmission, a control channel (CCH) can be transmitted. The content of the R2D CCH includes one or multiple of a preamble, Device reply type (e.g., immediate reply, delayed reply, and in-process reply) , MCS for the R2D data channel (DCH) , MCS for D2R DCH, and resource assignment.
[0019] In another aspect of the disclosure, for D2R transmission, a control channel (CCH) can be transmission. The content of the D2R CCH includes one or multiple of preamble / mid-amble / post-amble, identifier of Tag, identifier of R2D CCH decoding, identifier of processing statue at the device side, CRC, additional sync sequence, response info and channel condition info.
[0020] For the case that the CCH of R2D indicate an immediate reply for the device, the channel structure of the device reply can be as shown in Figure 2. In Figure 2, a preamble is at the beginning of the transmission for the purpose of synchronization. A handle is transmitted for showing the (temporary) device identification.
[0021] For the case that the CCH of R2D indicate a delayed reply for the device, the channel structure of the device reply can be as shown in Figure 3. In this case, a preamble is at the beginning of the transmission for the purpose of synchronization. A Header field is transmitter to identify the decoding status. For example, Header = 0 to indicate the Device successfully execute the command from the Reader. Header = 1 to indicate the device encounters an error. A handle is transmitted for showing the (temporary) device identification. A CRC is attached, which can be calculated based on the Header and Handle.
[0022] For the case that the CCH of R2D indicate a In-process reply for the device, multiple reply from the Device per one CCH of R2D can be transmitted from the Device. The channel structure of the device reply can be as shown in Figure 4. In this case, a preamble is at the beginning of the transmission for the purpose of synchronization. Additionally, another sequency for synchronization can be added. For example, there could be a sequence (e.g., m sequency, Gold sequence, ZC sequence, and / or Barker sequence) followed by preamble, and / or at the end of each D2R transmission (i.e., post-amble) , or at the beginning of a transmission starts from the 2nd one in a R2D transmission burst (i.e., mid-amble) . A Done filed is transmitted to identify the processing status of the Device. For example, Done = 0 indicate the corresponding D2R reply is an intermediate reply (i.e., the Device is still processing a command from Reader) . Done = 1 indicate the corresponding D2R reply is a final reply (e.g., the Device has finished processing a command from Reader) . A Header field is transmitter to identify the decoding status. For example, Header = 0 to indicate the Device successfully execute the command from the Reader or finish a task successfully. Header = 1 to indicate the device encounters an error. For the case that Header = 1, Done should be 1 as well. A Response field can be transmitted to indicate the results obtained by the Device. For the case of Done = 0, meaning Device still in processing, the Response filed is Null. For the case of Done = 1, meaning Device finish the processing, the Response field is filled with results obtained by the Device. A handle is transmitted for showing the (temporary) device identification. A CRC is attached, which can be calculated from the field after preamble to the field of Handle. In this case, if Reader observes a final reply with header=0 then the command completed. If Reader observes a final reply with header=1 then the Tag encountered an error.
[0023] In another aspect of the disclosure, for the case that the Device fails to execute the command from the Reader, e.g., the Device fails to execute the preamble at the beginning, no reply from the Device. If the Reader does not observe a Device reply within a specific duration T1, then the Reader issues another command with an adjustment on the preamble (e.g., a longer preamble) . If the Reader observes a Device reply with Header = 1, then the Reader can adjust some scheme based on the error code in the reply from the Device. For example, wait for a certain duration of T2 can keep transmitting CW if the error code indicates an insufficient power, and / or a lower MCS if the error code indicates a filed decoding on the command. If the Reader observes a Device reply with Header = 0, then the MCS can be maintained. If the Reader contiguously observe a Device reply with Header = 1 for M times, then the MCS can be adjusted to a higher value.
[0024] In another aspect of the disclosure, for the case that Header = 1, an error code can be transmitted in the D2R transmission by the Device. The error code could be an individual field for the case of delayed reply (e.g., as an example shown in Figure 5) , or the error code could be carried in the Response filed for the case of delayed reply. Additionally, the error code can be a binary sequency with a length of N to indicate a specific error (e.g., memory overrun, memory locked, command not encapsulated, action not supported, crypto suite error, response buffer overflow, security timeout, insufficient power, etc. ) . Also, the error code can only indicate a non-specific error with a specific binary code with length of N.
[0025] Optionally, for each kind of Device reply, a filed to indicate channel condition can be transmitted. Different channel condition level can be indicated based on some factors. The factors can include the RSRP and / or RSSI measurement from the Device. The channel conditional indicated in D2R can also be used to assist the transmission parameter of the following R2D. For example, a lower or higher RSRP indicated in D2R results in a lower or higher MCS for the following R2D transmission, respectively. Additionally, a field of length can be transmission in the D2R to indicate the length of the corresponding D2R transmission.
[0026] The previous description is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to practice the various aspects described herein. Various modifications to these aspects will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other aspects. Thus, the claims are not intended to be limited to the aspects shown herein, but is to be accorded the full scope consistent with the language claims, wherein reference to an element in the singular is not intended to mean “one and only one” unless specifically so stated, but rather “one or more. ” The word “exemplary” is used herein to mean “serving as an example, instance, or illustration. ” Any aspect described herein as “exemplary” is not necessarily to be construed as preferred or advantageous over other aspects. Unless specifically stated otherwise, the term “some” refers to one or more. Combinations such as “at least one of A, B, or C, ” “one or more of A, B, or C, ” “at least one of A, B, and C, ” “one or more of A, B, and C, ” and “A, B, C, or any combination thereof” include any combination of A, B, and / or C, and may include multiples of A, multiples of B, or multiples of C. Specifically, combinations such as “at least one of A, B, or C, ” “one or more of A, B, or C, ” “at least one of A, B, and C, ” “one or more of A, B, and C, ” and “A, B, C, or any combination thereof” may be A only, B only, C only, A and B, A and C, B and C, or A and B and C, where any such combinations may contain one or more member or members of A, B, or C. All structural and functional equivalents to the elements of the various aspects described throughout this disclosure that are known or later come to be known to those of ordinary skill in the art are expressly incorporated herein by reference and are intended to be encompassed by the claims. Moreover, nothing disclosed herein is intended to be dedicated to the public regardless of whether such disclosure is explicitly recited in the claims. The words “module, ” “mechanism, ” “element, ” “UE, ” and the like may not be a substitute for the word “means. ” As such, no claim element is to be construed as a means plus function unless the element is expressly recited using the phrase “means for. ”
[0027] While aspects of the present disclosure have been described in conjunction with the specific embodiments thereof that are proposed as examples, alternatives, modifications, and variations to the examples may be made. Accordingly, embodiments as set forth herein are intended to be illustrative and not limiting. There are changes that may be made without departing from the scope of the claims set forth below.
Claims
1.A method for A-IoT communication with backscattering.2.The method of claim 1, wherein a power control scheme is proposed to control the transmission power of the CW2D transmission and / or R2D transmission.3.The method of claim 2, wherein the power control scheme output a power based on the minimum one of a set of components.4.The method of claim 2, wherein the component at least considers the factors include Max transmission power per device capability, at least one power related to the at least one pathloss.5.The method of claim 3, wherein the pathloss includes one or multiple of the pathloss between the transmitter of CW2D transmission to the receiver of the CW2D transmission, the pathloss between transmitter of CW2D transmission to the reader if the transmitter of CW2D is different from the reader, and the pathloss between transmitter of CW2D transmission to at least on legacy UE.6.The method of claim 1, wherein a resource allocation method is proposed.7.The method of claim 6, wherein the resource allocation can be resource in different time occasion, different frequency occasion, difference sequence and / or difference transmission power for CW transmission and legacy Uu DL transmission.8.The method of claim 1, wherein a structure and content of R2D transmission design is proposed.9.The method of claim 8, wherein the content of the R2D transmission includes one or multiple of a preamble, Device reply type, MCS for the R2D data channel, MCS for D2R DCH, and resource assignment, Device task, etc.10.The method of claim 1, wherein a structure and content of D2R transmission is proposed.11.The method of claim 10, wherein the content of D2R transmission includes one or multiple of preamble / mid-amble / post-amble, identifier of Tag, identifier of R2D CCH decoding, identifier of processing statue at the device side, CRC, additional sync sequence, response info and channel condition info.
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