Technologies for hybrid automatic repeat request -related timers
The introduction of a HARQ storage timer and aligned timer management in communication networks optimizes resource usage and reduces latency, addressing inefficiencies in managing HARQ-related timers for XR applications.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- PCT/CN2024/086026
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-04-03
- Publication Date
- 2025-10-09
AI Technical Summary
Existing communication networks face inefficiencies in managing HARQ-related timers, leading to resource wastage and increased latency due to unnecessary retention of data in HARQ buffers and inefficient use of uplink resources, particularly in supporting extended reality (XR) applications with stringent delay requirements.
Implementing a new HARQ storage timer that starts based on PUSCH transmission and ties other HARQ-related timers to this storage timer, ensuring timely expiration and release of resources, thereby optimizing resource usage and reducing latency.
Enhances resource efficiency and reduces latency by aligning timer management with delay-based operations, improving support for XR applications by ensuring timely transmission and power savings in user equipment.
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Figure CN2024086026_09102025_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNOLOGIES FOR HYBRID AUTOMATIC REPEAT REQUEST -RELATED TIMERSTECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] This application relates generally to communication networks and, in particular, to technologies for hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) -related timers in wireless networks.BACKGROUND
[0002] Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) Technical Specifications (TSs) define standards for wireless networks. These TSs describe aspects related to signaling traffic through systems that incorporate wireless networks.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0003] FIG. 1 illustrates a network environment in accordance with some embodiments.
[0004] FIG. 2 illustrates operational / signaling aspects in accordance with some embodiments.
[0005] FIG. 3 illustrates a timing diagram in accordance with some embodiments.
[0006] FIG. 4 illustrates another timing diagram in accordance with some embodiments.
[0007] FIG. 5 illustrates a timer management operation in accordance with some embodiments.
[0008] FIG. 6 illustrates a media access control protocol data unit in accordance with some embodiments.
[0009] FIG. 7 illustrates an operational flow / algorithmic structure in accordance with some embodiments.
[0010] FIG. 8 illustrates another operational flow / algorithmic structure in accordance with some embodiments.
[0011] FIG. 9 illustrates another operational flow / algorithmic structure in accordance with some embodiments.
[0012] FIG. 10 illustrates a user equipment in accordance with some embodiments.
[0013] FIG. 11 illustrates a network device in accordance with some embodiments.DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0014] The following detailed description refers to the accompanying drawings. The same reference numbers may be used in different drawings to identify the same or similar elements. In the following description, for purposes of explanation and not limitation, specific details are set forth such as particular structures, architectures, interfaces, and techniques in order to provide a thorough understanding of the various aspects of various embodiments. However, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art having the benefit of the present disclosure that the various aspects of the various embodiments may be practiced in other examples that depart from these specific details. In certain instances, descriptions of well-known devices, circuits, and methods are omitted so as not to obscure the description of the various embodiments with unnecessary detail. For the purposes of the present document, the phrases “A / B” and “A or B” mean (A) , (B) , or (A and B) ; and the phrase “based on A” means “based at least in part on A, ” for example, it could be “based solely on A” or it could be “based in part on A. ”
[0015] The following is a glossary of terms that may be used in this disclosure.
[0016] The term “circuitry” as used herein refers to, is part of, or includes hardware components that are configured to provide the described functionality. The hardware components may include an electronic circuit, a logic circuit, a processor (shared, dedicated, or group) or memory (shared, dedicated, or group) , an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC) , a field-programmable device (FPD) (e.g., a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) , a programmable logic device (PLD) , a complex PLD (CPLD) , a high-capacity PLD (HCPLD) , a structured ASIC, or a programmable system-on-a-chip (SoC) ) , or a digital signal processor (DSP) . In some embodiments, the circuitry may execute one or more software or firmware programs to provide at least some of the described functionality. The term “circuitry” may also refer to a combination of one or more hardware elements (or a combination of circuits used in an electrical or electronic system) with the program code used to carry out the functionality of that program code. In these embodiments, the combination of hardware elements and program code may be referred to as a particular type of circuitry.
[0017] The term “processor circuitry” as used herein refers to, is part of, or includes circuitry capable of sequentially and automatically carrying out a sequence of arithmetic or logical operations, or recording, storing, or transferring digital data. The term “processor circuitry” may refer an application processor, baseband processor, a central processing unit (CPU) , a graphics processing unit, a single-core processor, a dual-core processor, a triple-core processor, a quad-core processor, or any other device capable of executing or otherwise operating computer-executable instructions, such as program code, software modules, or functional processes.
[0018] The term “interface circuitry” as used herein refers to, is part of, or includes circuitry that enables the exchange of information between two or more components or devices. The term “interface circuitry” may refer to one or more hardware interfaces, for example, buses, I / O interfaces, peripheral component interfaces, and network interface cards.
[0019] The term “user equipment” or “UE” as used herein refers to a device with radio communication capabilities that may allow a user to access network resources in a communications network. The term “user equipment” or “UE” may be considered synonymous to, and may be referred to as, client, mobile, mobile device, mobile terminal, user terminal, mobile unit, mobile station, mobile user, subscriber, user, remote station, access agent, user agent, receiver, radio equipment, reconfigurable radio equipment, or reconfigurable mobile device. Furthermore, the term “user equipment” or “UE” may include any type of wireless / wired device or any computing device including a wireless communications interface.
[0020] The term “computer system” as used herein refers to any type interconnected electronic devices, computer devices, or components thereof. Additionally, the term “computer system” or “system” may refer to various components of a computer that are communicatively coupled with one another. Furthermore, the term “computer system” or “system” may refer to multiple computer devices or multiple computing systems that are communicatively coupled with one another and configured to share computing or networking resource s.
[0021] The term “resource” as used herein refers to a physical or virtual device, a physical or virtual component within a computing environment, or a physical or virtual component within a particular device, such as computer devices, mechanical devices, memory space, processor / CPU time, processor / CPU usage, processor and accelerator loads, hardware time or usage, electrical power, input / output operations, ports or network sockets, channel / link allocation, throughput, memory usage, storage, network, database and applications, or workload units. A “hardware resource” may refer to compute, storage, or network resources provided by physical hardware elements. A “virtualized resource” may refer to compute, storage, or network resources provided by virtualization infrastructure to an application, device, or system. The term “network resource” or “communication resource” may refer to resources that are accessible by computer devices / systems via a communications network. The term “system resources” may refer to any kind of shared entities to provide services, and may include computing or network resources. System resources may be considered as a set of coherent functions, network data objects or services, accessible through a server where such system resources reside on a single host or multiple hosts and are clearly identifiable.
[0022] The term “channel” as used herein refers to any transmission medium, either tangible or intangible, which is used to communicate data or a data stream. The term “channel” may be synonymous with or equivalent to “communications channel, ” “data communications channel, ” “transmission channel, ” “data transmission channel, ” “access channel, ” “data access channel, ” “link, ” “data link, ” “carrier, ” “radio-frequency carrier, ” or any other like term denoting a pathway or medium through which data is communicated. Additionally, the term “link” as used herein refers to a connection between two devices for the purpose of transmitting and receiving information.
[0023] The terms “instantiate, ” “instantiation, ” and the like as used herein refers to the creation of an instance. An “instance” also refers to a concrete occurrence of an object, which may occur, for example, during execution of program code.
[0024] The term “connected” may mean that two or more elements, at a common communication protocol layer, have an established signaling relationship with one another over a communication channel, link, interface, or reference point.
[0025] The term “network element” as used herein refers to physical or virtualized equipment or infrastructure used to provide wired or wireless communication network services. The term “network element” may be considered synonymous to or referred to as a networked computer, networking hardware, network equipment, network node, or a virtualized network function.
[0026] The term “information element” refers to a structural element containing one or more fields. The term “field” refers to individual contents of an information element, or a data element that contains content. An information element may include one or more additional information elements.
[0027] FIG. 1 illustrates a network environment 100 in accordance with some embodiments. The network environment 100 may include a user equipment (UE) 104 communicatively coupled with a base station 108 of a radio access network (RAN) 110. The UE 104 and the base station 108 may communicate over air interfaces compatible with 3GPP TSs such as those that define a Fifth Generation (5G) new radio (NR) system or a later system. The base station 108 may provide user plane and control plane protocol terminations toward the UE 104.
[0028] In some embodiments, the UE 104 and base station 108 may establish data radio bearers (DRBs) to support transmission of data over a wireless link between the two nodes. In one example, these DRBs may be used for traffic from extended reality (XR) applications that contains a large amount of data conveying real and virtual images and audio for presentation to a user.
[0029] The network environment 100 may further include a core network 112. For example, the core network 112 may comprise a 5th Generation Core network (5GC) or later generation core network. The core network 112 may be coupled to the base station 108 via a fiber optic or wireless backhaul. The core network 112 may provide functions for the UE 104 via the base station 108. These functions may include managing subscriber profile information, subscriber location, authentication of services, or switching functions for voice and data sessions.
[0030] The core network 112 may include a user plane function (UPF) 116 that provides for routing and forwarding of user plane packets between the base station 108 and an external data network 120. The base station 108 may receive uplink packets from the UE 104 through the DRBs and may transmit the uplink packets to the UPF 116 through a general packet radio service (GPRS) tunneling protocol-user plane (GTP-U) tunnel. The UPF 116 may remove the packet headers and forward the packets to the external data network 120. The UPF 116 may map downlink packets arriving from an external data network onto specific quality of service (QoS) flows belonging to specific protocol data unit (PDU) sessions before forwarding to the base station 108. The base station 108 may map the traffic to the appropriate DRBs for delivery to the UE 104.
[0031] The UE 104 may include an application layer 128 that generates application traffic to be transmitted to another device through the network environment 100. In some embodiments, the application layer 128 may have an XR application that generates XR traffic. However, embodiments are not limited to XR use cases.
[0032] The application layer 128 may provide the application traffic to a transmitter 124 of the UE 104. The transmitter 124 may process the application traffic in a manner to provide the uplink (UL) data to the base station 108. The UL data may be transmitted in a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) transmission. The UL data may be transmitted based on control signaling, received from the base station 108, that schedules uplink resources and provides other transmission parameters or timer-related information.
[0033] The transmitter 124 may be configured to execute a communication protocol stack, for example, communication protocol stack 1036 of FIG. 10, to facilitate communication via the network environment 100. The transmitter 124 may implement layer 2 (L2) and layer 1 (L1) functionality. At the L2 level, the transmitter 124 may include a service data adaptation protocol (SDAP) layer, a packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) layer, a radio link control (RLC) layer, and a media access control (MAC) layer. At the L1 level, the transmitter 124 may include a physical (PHY) layer. Briefly, the SDAP layer may manage quality of service (QoS) flow handling between the QoS flows and the DRBs. The PDCP layer may manage robust header (de) compression and security between DRBs and RLC channels. The RLC layer may manage (re-) segmentation and error correction through automatic repeat request (ARQ) between logical channels and RLC channels. The MAC layer may manage scheduling / priority handling, (de) multiplexing, and hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) processes between logical channels and transport channels. And the PHY layer may manage the processing of the physical data and control channels.
[0034] In some instances, a packet received by a layer from higher layers is called the service data unit (SDU) of that layer. The packet transmitted by the layer to lower layers is called a protocol data unit (PDU) of that layer. For example, packets received by a MAC layer are called MAC SDUs, and packets sent from the MAC layer to the PHY layer are called MAC PDUs.
[0035] To improve support for XR and other communications, aspects related to multi-modality (intra-UE) signaling are being considered. Multi-modality signaling may enable various applications such as, for example, immersive virtual reality (VR) . Synchronization between different media components may be used to increase user experience. In some embodiments, a synchronization threshold can be defined between two media components. If the synchronization threshold is met, synchronized delivery of traffic flows associated with the media components may be desired. Synchronized delivery may provide that the packets of these traffic flows are to be delivered concurrently. Multi-modal coordination and synchronization developments related to intra-UE multi-modality aim to facilitate efficient and effective support for XR application with a plurality of QoS flows with multi-modal interdependencies, while meeting multi-modal QoS objective with respect to synchronization or coordination. Enhancements in this area may results in increased capacity or reduced power consumption.
[0036] Additional aspects considered for supporting XR and other communications may include enhancements to enable transmission / reception in gaps / restrictions that are caused by radio resource management (RRM) measurements. These gaps / restrictions may be from inter-frequency RRM measurement gaps, intra-frequency measurements, or other scheduling restrictions.
[0037] Additional aspects considered for supporting XR and other communications may include enhancements for scheduling. For uplink (UL) , enhancements may be provided that are related to the use of delay / deadline information to support UL scheduling to enable high XR capacity while meeting delay requirements and avoiding late delivery of PDUs.
[0038] Additional aspects considered for supporting XR and other communications may include user-plane enhancements. User-plane enhancements may include, for example, RLC re-transmission related enhancements for operation of RLC Acknowledged Mode (AM) with small packet delay budget; or a mechanism for a transmitter to inform a receiver of sequence number (SN) gap (or missing SNs) in PDCP.
[0039] Additional aspects considered for supporting XR and other communications may include logical channel prioritization (LCP) based on delay information.
[0040] Aspects of this disclosure describe how to enable more flexible operations of UL transmission-related timers with better network control. This may be done with considerations of delay-based LCP. In particular, aspects introduce a new HARQ-related timer that can start based on a PUSCH transmission. The new HARQ-related timer may be referred to as a HARQ storage timer; however, this naming convention is not restrictive. The value of the HARQ storage timer may be explicitly or implicitly indicated by a maximum remaining time of data that the base station 108 wants the UE 104 to transmit on the PUSCH (assuming delay-based LCP) . Some aspects also describe using the expiry of the new timer to stop legacy timers. Some aspects also describe selecting a value for existing HARQ-related timers based on whether an uplink grant has a restricted usage.
[0041] Use and setting of the HARQ-related timers may be associated with various signaling concepts of the network environment 100. These concepts may include delay status reporting (DSR) , delay-based LCP, LCH and packet selection based on delay threshold, use of configured grant timers, and use of discontinuous reception (DRX) -related timers for uplink transmission. These and other concepts are briefly introduced as follows.
[0042] FIG. 2 illustrates operational / signaling aspects 200 related to DSR in accordance with some embodiments. In some embodiments, the operational / signaling aspects 200 may be implemented by a MAC layer of the transmitter 124.
[0043] The operational / signaling aspects 200 may include starting a discard timer when a packet arrives at 204. The packet may include data of a logical channel (LCH) . The discard timer may define the time by which the packet is required to be transmitted. If the packet is not transmitted when the discard timer expires, the packet may be discarded at 206.
[0044] At 208, a DSR may be triggered based on the remaining time until expiry of the discard timer satisfying a remaining time threshold. At a trigger of the DSR, the MAC layer may generate a DSR MAC CE 212 that includes buffer delay information. The buffer delay information may include a remaining time till discard timer expiry. This remaining time may be with reference to transmission of the DSR at 216 (for example, start of an uplink shared channel used to transmit the DSR MAC CE 212) . The buffer delay information may additionally include information related to a data volume (for example, a size of a buffer) account for the remaining time.
[0045] In addition to transmitting the buffer delay information to the network, the MAC layer may use the buffer delay information as a basis for determining a value of the HARQ-related timer. This will be discussed in further detail elsewhere herein.
[0046] Referring again to FIG. 1, the control signaling from the base station 108 may provide an uplink grant to the UE 104. When the MAC layer receives the uplink grant, it may generate a MAC PDU for the uplink grant via an LCP procedure. This may be done by multiplexing data from different LCHs into the same transport block. This procedure may be based on preconfigured parameters for each LCH (for example, priority, prioritized bit rate, and LCH mapping restrictions) . These preconfigured parameters determine, for example, the ordering of multiplexing among the LCHs, the amount of data from an LCH to be multiplexed, and whether an LCH is allowed to map to this uplink grant. Except as otherwise described herein, the MAC PDU may be generated in a manner similar to that described in 3GPP TS 38.321 v18.0.0 (2024-01-02) .
[0047] In later releases, the LCP procedure may be conducted based on the buffer delay information (for example, the remaining time till expiry of a discard timer) .
[0048] In some instances, a priority of an LCH (or other pre-configured parameter) may change based on a remaining time of packets buffered in this LCH. For example, the LCH priority may increase when the remaining time of packets buffered in this LCH drops below a threshold.
[0049] In some instances, a new type of UL grant may be introduced, in which delay-critical data should be selected / prioritized during the LCP procedure. Consider, for example, that a MAC layer is generating a MAC PDU from buffered data from two LCHs (e.g., LCH #1 and LCH #2) . If the UL grant indicates that the delay-critical data should be selected / prioritized, the MAC layer may generate the MAC PDU to include delay-critical data from the LCHs and may exclude data from the LCHs that is not considered delay critical.
[0050] The definitions of delay-critical packets have been introduced in Release 18 PDCP and RLC specifications. A delay-critical packet may refer to a packet whose remaining time is smaller than a threshold or to other packets that belong to a same PDU Set as a packet whose remaining time is smaller than a threshold. For example, with respect to PDCP packets, delay-critical packets are defines as follow: “Delay-critical PDCP SDU: if pdu-SetDiscard is not configured, a PDCP SDU for which the remaining time till discardTimer expiry is less than the remainingTimeThreshold. If pdu-SetDiscard is configured, a PDCP SDU belonging to a PDU Set of which at least one PDCP SDU has the remaining time till discardTimer expiry less than the remainingTimeThreshold. ” 3GPP TS 38.323 v18.0.0 (2024-01-13) . A delay-critical RLC SDU may be defined in 3GPP TS 38.322 v18.0.0 (2024-01-13) .
[0051] Embodiments of the present disclosure leverage these delay-based LCP approaches for setting and use of HARQ-related timers.
[0052] In some embodiments, the uplink grant provided by the control signaling may correspond to a configured grant. The MAC layer may manage a configured grant (CG) timer associated with CG transmissions as described with respect to a timing diagram 300 illustrated in FIG. 3 in accordance with some embodiments.
[0053] The timing diagram 300 may include a plurality of CGs 304, which may include time and frequency resources for CG PUSCHs. Each CG 304 may be associated with a HARQ process identifier (PID) , which may be derived from a specific formula. A CG configuration may include a plurality of CGs with the same HARQ process ID.
[0054] At 308, a PUSCH may be transmitted in a first CG and a CG timer associated with the HARQ PID of the CG (for example, HARQ PID = 0) may be started. The PUSCH, which may be a configured grant or dynamic grant transmission, may include a MAC PDU. The MAC PDU may be stored in a HARQ buffer in the event it needs to be used for HARQ retransmission. The CG timer may start at a first orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbol of the PUSCH.
[0055] While the CG timer associated with HARQ PID = 0 is running, the UE 104 may not use CG resources associated with the same HARQ process. This is meant to avoid the MAC PDU stored in the HARQ buffer from being overwritten by a new transmission before it is determined whether it is needed for a HARQ retransmission. However, if the content of the stored MAC PDU expires (e.g., an associated delay timer expires) while the CG timer is still running, the CG resources may be unnecessarily blocked. This may lead to an inefficient usage of resources and may increase latency. Tying the CG timer to the HARQ-related timer / value, as describe herein, may provide for more efficient use of resources and may reduce latency.
[0056] FIG. 4 illustrates a timing diagram 400 describing DRX-related timers for uplink transmission in accordance with some embodiments.
[0057] In timing diagram 400, a PDCCH transmission may be received during an on duration (for example, while a DRX on-duration timer (drx-onDurationTimer) is running) . The PDCCH transmission may provide an UL grant for PUSCH transmission 408. When connected mode DRX (C-DRX) is configured for the UE 104, the UE 104 may start a DRX HARQ round-trip time (RTT) timer (for example, drx-HARQ-RTT timerUL) upon transmitting the PUSCH transmission 408. The time provided by the RTT timer may allow the base station 108 to process the PUSCH transmission. The UE 104 does not expect that any retransmission grant will be received within that time period and, therefore, the UE 104 does not monitor a PDCCH while the RTT timer is running in order to save UE power. After the RTT timer expires, the UE 104 starts a DRX retransmission timer (drx-RetransmissionTimerUL) . The UE 104 may potentially receive a PDCCH transmission providing a retransmission grant after the base station 108 processes the PUSCH, so the UE 104 should stay awake and monitor the PDCCH when the retransmission timer is running.
[0058] However, when the content of the stored MAC PDU expires (e.g., an associated delay timer expires) while the retransmission timer is still running, the UE 104 may stay in the active mode unnecessarily. This may result in the UE 104 wasting power. Thus, some embodiments tie the retransmission timer to the HARQ storage timer / value to increase power savings.
[0059] Embodiments of the present disclosure provide for utilizing the HARQ storage timer to improve management of timers in these and other aspects relating to PUSCH transmissions. Embodiments do so without requiring the UE 104 to send separate uplink signal to notify the base station 108 that at least one of the timers (e.g. the CG timer or any C-DRX related timer) is stopped early. Avoiding this additional signaling may help to reduce specification complexity and avoid impacts to PHY if uplink control information (UCI) were to be used to provide this notification.
[0060] Providing the HARQ storage timer as a basis for managing these timers as described herein may be used to align operation from both the UE side and the network side. In some embodiments, complementary mechanisms or alternative approaches are provided by considering the delay-based LCP procedures.
[0061] In some embodiments, the base station 108 may restrict usage of an uplink resource (e.g., a dynamic grant or a configured grant) to only data with a remaining time smaller than a certain threshold. This may be done in accordance with delay-based LCP operations. The reference point of the remaining time may be a first or last OFDM symbol of a corresponding PUSCH transmission.
[0062] Restricting usage of the UL resource may be enabled by a special indication in DCI that schedules a dynamic grant or activates a configured grant.
[0063] Additionally / alternatively, restricting usage of the UL resource may be provided in the configuration (e.g., RRC configuration) of the configured grant.
[0064] The restriction for the usage of an uplink resource may be indicated as a remaining time threshold. The UE 104 may determine the remaining time threshold based on an explicit indication in, for example, the DCI or in the configuration of a configured grant. Additionally / alternatively, the UE 104 may determine the remaining time threshold based on the threshold used to trigger DSR at 208 of FIG. 2, for example. In this case, explicit or separate indication of the remaining time threshold for restricting the usage of an uplink resource may not be needed.
[0065] In some embodiments, the uplink resource may be used for data that satisfies the restriction and associated data. For example, the UE 104 may use a usage-restricted uplink resource for first packets that have a remaining time smaller than a certain threshold and second packets that are associated with the first packets in some way. The second packets may not have a remaining time smaller than the threshold. The association may be based on the first / second packets being in the same PDU set; being in PDU sets that have a dependency relationship with one another; or belonging to traffic streams that are to be synchronized with one another (based on, for example, a multimodal synchronization requirements) .
[0066] In some embodiments, a usage-restricted uplink resource may only be used by delay-critical PDCP SDUs (defined in, for example, 3GPP TS 38.323) or delay-critical RLC SDUs (defined in, for example, 3GPP TS 38.322) .
[0067] In some embodiments, a MAC layer of the UE 104 may receive a grant for a usage-restricted uplink resource. The MAC layer may then generate a MAC PDU based on delay criteria associated with the grant. The MAC layer may store the MAC PDU in a buffer of a HARQ process and submit the MAC PDU to lower layer for transmission in a PUSCH using the granted resources. When the MAC PDU is transmitted in the PUSCH using the granted resources, the MAC layer may also starts the HARQ storage timer. The HARQ storage timer may start at a first symbol or a last symbol of the PUSCH transmission. The value of the HARQ storage timer may be derived from the remaining time threshold associated with the usage-restricted uplink resource.
[0068] FIG. 5 illustrates a timer management operation 500 in accordance with some embodiments. At 504, a PUSCH transmission may be transmitted in an UL grant that has a usage restriction. The usage restriction may indicate that the UL grant can only be used for data with a remaining time till expiry of associated discard timer less than a predetermined delay threshold.
[0069] At the time the PUSCH transmission is transmitted, a HARQ storage timer and a CG timer (configuredGrantTimer) may be started. The CG timer may correspond to the HARQ process associated with the grant of the UL resources used for the PUSCH transmission.
[0070] The HARQ storage timer may be started with a value that is determined based on the delay threshold associated with the UL grant. The CG timer may be started with a configured value that is greater than the HARQ storage timer. When the HARQ storage timer expires, the MAC layer may also stop the CG timer. At this point, the restriction of using the HARQ process for new transmissions provided by the running CG timer (as defined above with respect to FIG. 3) may be removed. This may be desirable as it may be unnecessary to continue to save the MAC PDU in the buffer of the HARQ process given the delay sensitivity associated with the usage restriction of the UL grant.
[0071] While the timer management operation 500 illustrates stopping the CG timer based on expiration of the HARQ storage timer, in other embodiments, other timers may be started / stopped based on operation of the HARQ storage timer. For example, the UE 104 may start certain HARQ-related timers with the transmission of the PUSCH for the corresponding HARQ process as defined with respect to legacy networks. These HARQ-related timers may include: DRX timers (e.g., a DRX HARQ RTT Timer (drx-HARQ-RTT-TimerUL) or a DRX HARQ Retransmission Timer (drx-RetransmissionTimerUL) ) as described with respect to FIG. 4; or CG timers (e.g., configured grant timer (configuredGrantTimer) , configured grant retransmission timer (cg-RetransmissionTimer) , or configured grant small data transmission (SDT) retransmission timer (cg-SDT-RetransmissionTimer) ; or any other timer. Except as otherwise described herein, these HARQ-related timers may operate in a manner similar to that described in 3GPP TS 38.321.
[0072] In accordance with some embodiments, upon expiration of the HARQ storage timer that was started based on a PUSCH transmission, the UE 104 may: stop any / all / some of the other HARQ-related timers (e.g. the ones listed above) that are associated with the same HARQ process and are still running, even if they have not yet expired. In some embodiment, if drx-HARQ-RTT-TimerUL is stopped early, drx-RetransmissionTimerUL will not start.
[0073] In some embodiments, after the HARQ storage timer expires, the MAC layer may flush the MAC PDU stored in the buffer of the HARQ process.
[0074] Not all uplink grants and PUSCH transmissions will start the HARQ storage timer. For example, in some embodiments, the HARQ storage timer may be applicable to: specific configured grant configurations, and dynamic grants with delay-based restrictions. For other grants that do not start the HARQ storage timer, the operations may be the same as that defined for legacy networks.
[0075] The value (for example, the length) of the HARQ storage timer can be derived based on one or more of the following options.
[0076] In a first option, the value may be set based on a remaining time threshold for an uplink resource. For example, the value may be set exactly equal to the remaining time threshold for an uplink resource, or it may be set equal to an offset plus the remaining time threshold for the uplink resource (e.g., an offset = 5ms, and the remaining time threshold =10ms, the timer value is 10 + 5 = 15 ms) . For another example, the value may be set to a nearest integer number of symbols / slots / CG periodicities that match the remaining time threshold, or it may be set equal to a nearest integer number of symbols / slots / CG periodicities that match a remaining time threshold plus an offset. The offset may be a positive value or a negative value.
[0077] In a second option, the value may be set based on a remaining time of data that is multiplexed into a MAC PDU.
[0078] FIG. 6 illustrates a MAC PDU 600 in accordance with some embodiments. The MAC PDU 600 may include a plurality of packets, packet_1 ... packet_n. Each of the packets may be associated with a remaining time until expiry of a respective discard timer (RT_1 ... RT_n) . In some embodiments, the largest value of the RT values may be used as a basis for determining the value of the HARQ storage timer. For example, the value of the HARQ storage timer may be set exactly equal to a maximum remaining time of the data multiplexed into the MAC PDU 600, or it may be set equal to an offset plus the maximum remaining time of the data multiplexed into the MAC PDU 600 (e.g. an offset = 5ms and the maximum remaining time = 10ms, the timer value is 10 + 5 = 15ms) . For another example, the value may be set to a nearest integer number of symbols / slots / CG periodicities that match the maximum remaining time of the data multiplexed into the MAC PDU 600, or it may be set to a nearest integer number of symbols / slots / CG periodicities that match the maximum remaining time of the data multiplexed into the MAC PDU 600 plus an offset.
[0079] The offset used to define the value of the HARQ storage timer with respect to the first or second option may be predefined by, for example, a 3GPP TS, signaled by the network, or selected autonomously by the UE 104. The offset may be a positive value or a negative value.
[0080] FIG. 7 is an operation flow / algorithmic structure 700 in accordance with some embodiments. The operation flow / algorithmic structure 700 may be implemented by a UE such as, for example, UE 104, UE 1000, or components thereof; for example, a baseband processor 1004A.
[0081] The operation flow / algorithmic structure 700 may include, at 704, identifying a grant ofuplink resources. The grant may be a dynamic grant or a configured grant. In some embodiments, the grant may be a usage-restricted grant that indicates the uplink resources are only to be used for packets having a remaining time less than a remaining time threshold, or packets associated with such packets.
[0082] In some embodiments, if the grant is a dynamic grant, the network may provide an indication that the grant is a usage-restricted grant using a one-bit indicator in the DCI. If the grant is a configured grant, the network may provide an indication that the grant is a usage-restricted grant using a one bit indicator in a CG configuration or in a DCI that activates the CG.
[0083] The operation flow / algorithmic structure 700 may further include, at 708, generating a MAC PDU and storing the MAC PDU in a buffer of a HARQ process. The HARQ process may be associated with the grant. In embodiments in which the grant is a usage-restricted grant, the MAC PDU may be generated based on the remaining time threshold. For example, the MAC PDU may be generated to include packets having a remaining time less than the remaining time threshold, which may be delay-critical packets in some instances. In some embodiments, the MAC PDU may also include packets associated with packets having a remaining time less than the remaining time threshold. The association may be based on the packets being in the same PDU set; being in PDU sets that have a dependency relationship with one another; or belonging to traffic streams that are to be synchronized with one another (based on, for example, a multimodal synchronization requirements) .
[0084] The remaining time threshold may be determined based on a network signal. For example, if the grant is a dynamic grant, the network signal that provides an indication of the remaining time threshold may be DCI that schedules the dynamic grant. For another example, if the grant is a configured grant, the network signal that provides an indication of the remaining time threshold may be the DCI that activates the configured grant or an RRC signal that configures the configured grant. In some embodiments, the remaining time threshold may be preconfigured by, for example, an RRC signal, and the DCI that schedules the dynamic grant may include a field that indicates whether the remaining time threshold preconfigured is applicable to this dynamic grant or not. Similarly, for configured grant, a field can be included in the configured grant configuration to indicate whether the remaining time threshold preconfigured is applicable to this configured grant or not. In some embodiments, the remaining time threshold is equivalent to remainingTimeThreshold configured for DSR triggering of specific logical channel groups (LCGs) or logical channels (LCHs) , as specified in 3GPP TS 38.331 v18.1.0 (2024-04-01) .
[0085] The operation flow / algorithmic structure 700 may further include, at 712, causing transmission of the MAC PDU using the uplink resource. A MAC layer may cause transmission of the MAC PDU by submitting the MAC PDU to a lower layer of the UE, for example, a PHY layer of the UE. The MAC PDU may be transmitted via a PUSCH.
[0086] The operation flow / algorithmic structure 700 may further include, at 716, starting a HARQ storage timer based on transmission of the MAC PDU. In some embodiments, the HARQ storage timer may be started when the MAC PDU is provided to a lower layer. The PUSCH transmission carrying the MAC PDU may be over a plurality of OFDM symbols. In some embodiments, the HARQ storage timer may be started at a first OFDM symbol of the plurality of OFDM symbols or a last OFDM symbol of the plurality of OFDM symbols.
[0087] In some embodiments, the HARQ storage timer may be started with a value that is based on the remaining time threshold associated with the grant. In some embodiments, the value may be set equal to the remaining time threshold, or may be set equal to the remaining time threshold plus an offset. In some embodiments, the value may be set equal to a nearest integer number of symbols, slots, or CG periodicities that matches the remaining time threshold, or may be set equal to a nearest integer number of symbols, slots, or CG periodicities that matches the remaining time threshold plus an offset. The offset may be a positive value or a negative value.
[0088] In some embodiments, the HARQ storage timer may be started with a value that is based on a maximum remaining time until expiration of a discard timer associated with the data multiplexed into the MAC PDU. In some embodiments, the value may be set equal to the maximum remaining time, or may be set equal to the maximum remaining time plus an offset. In some embodiments, the value may be set equal to a nearest integer number of symbols, slots, or CG periodicities that matches the maximum remaining time, or may be set equal to a nearest integer number of symbols, slots, or CG periodicities that matches the maximum remaining time plus an offset. The offset may be a positive value or a negative value.
[0089] In some embodiments, in addition to starting the HARQ storage timer, one or more additional timers that are associated with the HARQ process may be started based on transmission of the MAC PDU. The one or more additional timers may be HARQ-related timers such as, for example, a DRX HARQ RTT timer, a DRX HARQ retransmission timer, a configured grant timer, a configured grant retransmission timer, or a configured grant SDT retransmission timer.
[0090] The operation flow / algorithmic structure 700 may further include, at 720, determining whether the HARQ storage timer is expired. If the HARQ storage timer is not expired, the operation flow / algorithmic structure 700 may loop back to 720 to continually monitor the HARQ storage timer. If the HARQ storage timer is determined to be expired at 720, the operation flow / algorithmic structure 700 may advance to flushing the MAC PDU from the buffer of the HARQ process at 724.
[0091] In some embodiments, when the HARQ storage timer has expired at least one of the additional timers that are associated with a HARQ process may be stopped. Stopping at least one of the additional timers based on the expiration of the HARQ storage timer and before its natural expiration may free up resources that would otherwise be occupied unnecessarily.
[0092] FIG. 8 is an operation flow / algorithmic structure 800 in accordance with some embodiments. The operation flow / algorithmic structure 800 may be implemented by a UE such as, for example, UE 104, UE 1000, or components thereof; for example, a baseband processor 1004A.
[0093] The operation flow / algorithmic structure 800 may include, at 804, identifying a grant ofuplink resources. The grant may be a dynamic grant or a configured grant.
[0094] The operation flow / algorithmic structure 800 may further include, at 808, generating a MAC PDU and storing the MAC PDU in a buffer of a HARQ process. The HARQ process may be associated with the grant.
[0095] The operation flow / algorithmic structure 800 may further include, at 812, causing transmission of the MAC PDU using the uplink resource. The MAC layer may cause transmission of the MAC PDU by submitting the MAC PDU to a lower layer of the UE, for example, a PHY layer of the UE. The MAC PDU may be transmitted via a PUSCH.
[0096] The operation flow / algorithmic structure 800 may further include, at 816, determining whether the grant was a usage-restricted grant. This determination may be based on a one-bit indicator in DCI that schedules dynamic grant or activates a configured grant; or on a one-bit indicator in a CG configuration.
[0097] If it is determined, at 816, that the grant is usage restricted, the operation flow / algorithmic structure 800 may advance to setting a timer value to a default value at 820. The timer value may be for a HARQ-related timer that is associated with the HARQ process. For example, the HARQ-related timer may be a DRX HARQ RTT timer, a DRX HARQ retransmission timer, a configured grant timer, a configured grant retransmission timer, or a configured grant SDT retransmission timer.
[0098] If it is determined, at 816, that the grant is usage restricted, the operation flow / algorithmic structure 800 may advance to setting a timer value to a special value at 824.
[0099] In some embodiments, the special value may be based on a remaining time threshold associated with the usage-restricted grant. In some embodiments, the special value may be set equal to the remaining time threshold, or may be set equal to the remaining time threshold plus an offset. In some embodiments, the special value may be set equal to a nearest integer number of symbols, slots, or CG periodicities that matches the remaining time threshold, or may be set equal to a nearest integer number of symbols, slots, or CG periodicities that matches the remaining time threshold plus an offset. The offset may be a positive value or a negative value.
[0100] In some embodiments, the special value may be based on a maximum remaining time until expiration of a discard timer associated with the data multiplexed into the MAC PDU. In some embodiments, the special value may be set equal to the maximum remaining time, or may be set equal to the maximum remaining time plus an offset. In some embodiments, the special value may be set equal to a nearest integer number of symbols, slots, or CG periodicities that matches the maximum remaining time, or may be set equal to a nearest integer number of symbols, slots, or CG periodicities that matches the maximum remaining time plus an offset. The offset may be a positive value or a negative value.
[0101] In some embodiments, the special value may be predefined by, for example, a 3GPP TS or may be zero, in which case the HARQ-related timer may not be started at all.
[0102] The operation flow / algorithmic structure 800 may further include, at 828, starting the HARQ-related timer based on transmission of the MAC PDU. In some embodiments, the HARQ-related timer may be started when the MAC PDU is provided to a lower layer. The PUSCH transmission carrying the MAC PDU may be over a plurality of OFDM symbols. In some embodiments, the HARQ-related timer may be started at a first OFDM symbol of the plurality of OFDM symbols or a last OFDM symbol of the plurality of OFDM symbols.
[0103] The operation flow / algorithmic structure 800 may further include, at 832, determining whether the HARQ-related timer is expired. If the HARQ-related timer is not expired, the operation flow / algorithmic structure 800 may loop back to 832 to continually monitor the HARQ-related timer. If the HARQ-related timer is determined to be expired at 832, the operation flow / algorithmic structure 800 may advance to flushing the MAC PDU from the buffer of the HARQ process at 836. Additional / alternative operations based on expiration of the HARQ-related timer may depend on the type of timer. For example, if the timer is a CG timer or DRX timer, expiration may be associated with operations described in FIG. 3 or FIG. 4, respectively.
[0104] FIG. 9 is an operational flow / algorithmic structure 900 in accordance with some embodiments. The operational flow / algorithmic structure 900 may be performed by a base station such as base station 108, network device 1100, or components thereof, for example, processors 1104A.
[0105] The operational flow / algorithmic structure 900 may include, at 904, generating a grant of an uplink resource to a UE. The grant may be a configured grant or a dynamic grant.
[0106] The operational flow / algorithmic structure 900 may further include, at 908, generating an indication that the grant is associated with a restriction based on a remaining time threshold.
[0107] The operational flow / algorithmic structure 900 may further include, at 908, providing the grant and the indication for transmission to the UE. In some embodiments, the grant and the indication may be provided in the same signal. For example, the grant and the indication may be in a DCI that schedules a dynamic grant. In other embodiments, the grant and the indication may be provided in separate signals transmitted at separate times.
[0108] In some embodiments, the network may determine the value for a HARQ-related timer based on the remaining time threshold. The HARQ-related timer may be a HARQ storage timer, a CG timer, or a DRX timer as discussed elsewhere herein. The network may monitor the HARQ-related timer and perform scheduling or other network management operations accordingly.
[0109] FIG. 10 illustrates a UE 1000 in accordance with some embodiments. The UE 1000 may be similar to and substantially interchangeable with UE 104.
[0110] The UE 1000 may be any mobile or non-mobile computing device, such as, for example, mobile phones, computers, tablets, industrial wireless sensors (for example, microphones, carbon dioxide sensors, pressure sensors, humidity sensors, thermometers, motion sensors, accelerometers, laser scanners, fluid level sensors, inventory sensors, electric voltage / current meters, or actuators) , video surveillance / monitoring devices (for example, cameras or video cameras) , wearable devices (for example, a smart watch) , or Internet-of-things devices.
[0111] The UE 1000 may include processors 1004, RF interface circuitry 1008, memory / storage 1012, user interface 1016, sensors 1020, driver circuitry 1022, power management integrated circuit (PMIC) 1024, antenna 1026, and battery 1028. The components of the UE 1000 may be implemented as integrated circuits (ICs) , portions thereof, discrete electronic devices, or other modules, logic, hardware, software, firmware, or a combination thereof. The block diagram of FIG. 10 is intended to show a high-level view of some of the components of the UE 1000. However, some of the components shown may be omitted, additional components may be present, and different arrangement of the components shown may occur in other implementations.
[0112] The components of the UE 1000 may be coupled with various other components over one or more interconnects 1032, which may represent any type of interface, input / output, bus (local, system, or expansion) , transmission line, trace, or optical connection that allows various circuit components (on common or different chips or chipsets) to interact with one another.
[0113] The processors 1004 may include processor circuitry such as, for example, baseband processor circuitry (BB) 1004A, central processor unit circuitry (CPU) 1004B, and graphics processor unit circuitry (GPU) 1004C. The processors 1004 may include any type of circuitry or processor circuitry that executes or otherwise operates computer-executable instructions, such as program code, software modules, or functional processes from memory / storage 1012 to cause the UE 1000 to perform timer management operations as described herein. The processors 1004 may also include interface circuitry 1004D to communicatively couple the processor circuitry with one or more other components of the UE 1000.
[0114] In some embodiments, the baseband processor 1004A may access a communication protocol stack 1036 in the memory / storage 1012 to communicate over a 3GPP compatible network. In general, the baseband processor 1004A may access the communication protocol stack 1036 to: perform user plane functions at a PHY layer, MAC layer, RLC layer, PDCP layer, SDAP layer, and PDU layer; and perform control plane functions at a PHY layer, MAC layer, RLC layer, PDCP layer, RRC layer, and a NAS layer. In some embodiments, the PHY layer operations may additionally / alternatively be performed by the components of the RF interface circuitry 1008.
[0115] The baseband processor 1004A may generate or process baseband signals or waveforms that carry information in 3GPP-compatible networks. In some embodiments, the waveforms for NR may be based on cyclic prefix OFDM (CP-OFDM) in the uplink or downlink, and discrete Fourier transform spread OFDM (DFT-S-OFDM) in the uplink.
[0116] The memory / storage 1012 may include one or more non-transitory, computer-readable media that includes instructions (for example, communication protocol stack 1036) that may be executed by one or more of the processors 1004 to cause the UE 1000 to perform various selective duplication or rerouting operations described herein.
[0117] The memory / storage 1012 includes any type of volatile or non-volatile memory that may be distributed throughout the UE 1000. In some embodiments, some of the memory / storage 1012 may be located on the processors 1004 themselves (for example, memory / storage 1012 may be part of a chipset that corresponds to the baseband processor 1004A) , while other memory / storage 1012 is external to the processors 1004 but accessible thereto via a memory interface. The memory / storage 1012 may include any suitable volatile or non-volatile memory such as, but not limited to, dynamic random access memory (DRAM) , static random access memory (SRAM) , erasable programmable read only memory (EPROM) , electrically erasable programmable read only memory (EEPROM) , Flash memory, solid-state memory, or any other type of memory device technology.
[0118] The RF interface circuitry 1008 may include transceiver circuitry and a radio frequency front module (RFEM) that allows the UE 1000 to communicate with other devices over a radio access network. The RF interface circuitry 1008 may include various elements arranged in transmit or receive paths. These elements may include, for example, switches, mixers, amplifiers, filters, synthesizer circuitry, and control circuitry.
[0119] In the receive path, the RFEM may receive a radiated signal from an air interface via antenna 1026 and proceed to filter and amplify (with a low-noise amplifier) the signal. The signal may be provided to a receiver of the transceiver that down-converts the RF signal into a baseband signal that is provided to the baseband processor of the processors 1004.
[0120] In the transmit path, the transmitter of the transceiver up-converts the baseband signal received from the baseband processor and provides the RF signal to the RFEM. The RFEM may amplify the RF signal through a power amplifier prior to the signal being radiated across the air interface via the antenna 1026.
[0121] In various embodiments, the RF interface circuitry 1008 may be configured to transmit / receive signals in a manner compatible with NR access technologies.
[0122] The antenna 1026 may include antenna elements to convert electrical signals into radio waves to travel through the air and to convert received radio waves into electrical signals. The antenna elements may be arranged into one or more antenna panels. The antenna 1026 may have antenna panels that are omnidirectional, directional, or a combination thereof to enable beamforming and multiple input, multiple output communications. The antenna 1026 may include microstrip antennas, printed antennas fabricated on the surface of one or more printed circuit boards, patch antennas, or phased array antennas. The antenna 1026 may have one or more panels designed for specific frequency bands including bands in FR1 or FR2.
[0123] The user interface 1016 includes various input / output (I / O) devices designed to enable user interaction with the UE 1000. The user interface 1016 includes input device circuitry and output device circuitry. Input device circuitry includes any physical or virtual means for accepting an input including, inter alia, one or more physical or virtual buttons (for example, a reset button) , a physical keyboard, keypad, mouse, touchpad, touchscreen, microphones, scanner, headset, or the like. The output device circuitry includes any physical or virtual means for showing information or otherwise conveying information, such as sensor readings, actuator position (s) , or other like information. Output device circuitry may include any number or combinations of audio or visual display, including, inter alia, one or more simple visual outputs / indicators (for example, binary status indicators such as light emitting diodes (LEDs) and multi-character visual outputs, or more complex outputs such as display devices or touchscreens (for example, liquid crystal displays (LCDs) , LED displays, quantum dot displays, and projectors) , with the output of characters, graphics, multimedia objects, and the like being generated or produced from the operation of the UE 1000.
[0124] The sensors 1020 may include devices, modules, or subsystems whose purpose is to detect events or changes in their environment and send the information (sensor data) about the detected events to some other device, module, or subsystem. Examples of such sensors include inertia measurement units comprising accelerometers, gyroscopes, or magnetometers; microelectromechanical systems or nanoelectromechanical systems comprising 3-axis accelerometers, 3-axis gyroscopes, or magnetometers; level sensors; flow sensors; temperature sensors (for example, thermistors) ; pressure sensors; barometric pressure sensors; gravimeters; altimeters; image capture devices (for example, cameras or lensless apertures) ; light detection and ranging sensors; proximity sensors (for example, infrared radiation detector and the like) ; depth sensors; ambient light sensors; ultrasonic transceivers; and microphones or other like audio capture devices.
[0125] The driver circuitry 1022 may include software and hardware elements that operate to control particular devices that are embedded in the UE 1000, attached to the UE 1000, or otherwise communicatively coupled with the UE 1000. The driver circuitry 1022 may include individual drivers allowing other components to interact with or control various input / output (I / O) devices that may be present within, or connected to, the UE 1000. For example, driver circuitry 1022 may include a display driver to control and allow access to a display device, a touchscreen driver to control and allow access to a touchscreen interface, sensor drivers to obtain sensor readings of sensors 1020 and control and allow access to sensors 1020, drivers to obtain actuator positions of electro-mechanic components or control and allow access to the electro-mechanic components, a camera driver to control and allow access to an embedded image capture device, audio drivers to control and allow access to one or more audio devices.
[0126] The PMIC 1024 may manage power provided to various components of the UE 1000. In particular, with respect to the processors 1004, the PMIC 1024 may control power-source selection, voltage scaling, battery charging, or DC-to-DC conversion.
[0127] A battery 1028 may power the UE 1000, although in some examples the UE 1000 may be mounted deployed in a fixed location and may have a power supply coupled to an electrical grid. The battery 1028 may be a lithium ion battery, a metal-air battery, such as a zinc-air battery, an aluminum-air battery, a lithium-air battery, and the like. In some implementations, such as in vehicle-based applications, the battery 1028 may be a typical lead-acid automotive battery.
[0128] FIG. 11 illustrates a network device 1100 in accordance with some embodiments. The network device 1100 may be similar to and substantially interchangeable with base station 108 or a device of the core network 112 or external data network 120.
[0129] The network device 1100 may include processors 1104, RF interface circuitry 1108 (if implemented as a base station) , core network (CN) interface circuitry 1114, memory / storage circuitry 1112, and antenna structure 1126.
[0130] The components of the network device 1100 may be coupled with various other components over one or more interconnects 1128.
[0131] The processors 1104, RF interface circuitry 1108, memory / storage circuitry 1112 (including communication protocol stack 1110) , antenna structure 1126, and interconnects 1128 may be similar to like-named elements shown and described with respect to FIG. 10.
[0132] The processors 1104 may include processor circuitry such as, for example, baseband processor circuitry (BB) 1104A, central processor unit circuitry (CPU) 1104B, and graphics processor unit circuitry (GPU) 1104C. The processors 1104 may include any type of circuitry or processor circuitry that executes or otherwise operates computer-executable instructions, such as program code, software modules, or functional processes from memory / storage circuitry 1112 to cause the network device 1100 to schedule resources and perform timer management operations as described herein. The processors 1104 may also include interface circuitry 1104D to communicatively couple the processor circuitry with one or more other components of the network device 1100.
[0133] The CN interface circuitry 1114 may provide connectivity to a core network, for example, a 5th Generation Core network (5GC) using a 5GC-compatible network interface protocol such as carrier Ethernet protocols, or some other suitable protocol. Network connectivity may be provided to / from the network device 1100 via a fiber optic or wireless backhaul. The CN interface circuitry 1114 may include one or more dedicated processors or FPGAs to communicate using one or more of the aforementioned protocols. In some implementations, the CN interface circuitry 1114 may include multiple controllers to provide connectivity to other networks using the same or different protocols.
[0134] It is well understood that the use of personally identifiable information should follow privacy policies and practices that are generally recognized as meeting or exceeding industry or governmental requirements for maintaining the privacy of users. In particular, personally identifiable information data should be managed and handled so as to minimize risks of unintentional or unauthorized access or use, and the nature of authorized use should be clearly indicated to users.
[0135] For one or more embodiments, at least one of the components set forth in one or more of the preceding figures may be configured to perform one or more operations, techniques, processes, or methods as set forth in the example section below. For example, the baseband circuitry as described above in connection with one or more of the preceding figures may be configured to operate in accordance with one or more of the examples set forth below. For another example, circuitry associated with a UE, base station, or network element as described above in connection with one or more of the preceding figures may be configured to operate in accordance with one or more of the examples set forth below in the example section.
[0136] Examples
[0137] In the following sections, further exemplary embodiments are provided.
[0138] Example 1 includes a method comprising: identifying a grant of an uplink resource; generating a media access control (MAC) protocol data unit (PDU) ; storing the MAC PDU in a buffer of a hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) process; causing transmission of the MAC PDU using the uplink resource; starting a hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) storage timer based on transmission of the MAC PDU; and flushing the MAC PDU from the buffer of the HARQ process based on an expiration of the HARQ storage timer.
[0139] Example 2 includes the method of example 1 or some other example herein, further comprising: starting, based on transmission of the MAC PDU, a timer associated with the HARQ process, wherein the HARQ storage timer is started with a first value and the timer is started with a second value that is different from the first value.
[0140] Example 3 includes the method of example 2 or some other example herein, wherein the second value is larger than the first value and the method further comprising: stopping the timer based on the expiration of the HARQ storage timer.
[0141] Example 4 includes the method of example 2 or some other example herein, wherein the timer is: a discontinuous reception (DRX) HARQ round-trip time (RTT) timer; a DRX HARQ retransmission timer; a configured grant timer; a configured grant retransmission timer; or a configured grant small-data transmission (SDT) retransmission timer.
[0142] Example 5 includes the method of example 1 or some other example herein, wherein the grant of the uplink resource is associated with a restriction based on a remaining time threshold and said generating the MAC PDU comprises: generating the MAC PDU based on the remaining time threshold.
[0143] Example 6 includes the method of example 5 or some other example herein, wherein generating the MAC PDU based on the remaining time threshold comprises:
[0144] generating the MAC PDU to include one or more packets, wherein the one or more packets are delay-critical packets or are packets associated with delay-critical packets.
[0145] Example 7 includes the method of example 6 or some other example herein, wherein the one or more packets are delay-critical packets that have remaining time till expiry of respective discard timers less than the remaining time threshold.
[0146] Example 8 includes the method of example 5 or some other example herein, wherein the HARQ storage timer is started with a value and the method further comprises: determining the value based on the remaining time threshold.
[0147] Example 9 includes the method of example 8 or some other example herein, further comprising: determining the remaining time threshold based on a network signal, wherein: the grant is a dynamic grant and the network signal is downlink control information (DCI) that schedules the dynamic grant, wherein the DCI includes the remaining time threshold or includes a reference to the remaining time threshold as previously configured by radio resource control (RRC) signaling; or the grant is a configured grant and the network signal is DCI that activates the configured grant or is a radio resource control (RRC) signal that configures the configured grant.
[0148] Example 10 includes the method of example 8 or some other example herein, wherein the remaining time threshold is based on a threshold for delay status reporting.
[0149] Example 11 includes the method of example 8 or some other example herein, wherein determining the value based on the remaining time threshold comprises: setting the value equal to the remaining time threshold; or setting the value equal to the remaining time threshold plus an offset.
[0150] Example 12 includes the method of example 8 or some other example herein, wherein determining the value based on the remaining time threshold comprises: setting the value equal to a nearest integer number of symbols, slots, or configured grant (CG) periodicities that matches the remaining time threshold; or setting the value equal to a nearest integer number of symbols, slots, or configured grant (CG) periodicities that matches the remaining time threshold plus an offset.
[0151] Example 13 includes the method of example 1 or some other example herein, wherein the HARQ storage timer is started with a value and the method further comprises:
[0152] determining the value based on a maximum remaining time till expiry of a discard timer associated with data multiplexed into the MAC PDU.
[0153] Example 14 includes the method of example 13 or some other example herein, wherein determining the value based on the maximum remaining time comprises: setting the value equal to the maximum remaining time; or setting the value equal to the maximum remaining time plus an offset.
[0154] Example 15 includes the method of example 13 or some other example herein, wherein determining the value based on the maximum remaining time comprises: setting the value equal to a nearest integer number of symbols, slots, or configured grant (CG) periodicities that matches the maximum remaining time; or setting the value equal to a nearest integer number of symbols, slots, or configured grant (CG) periodicities that matches the maximum remaining time plus an offset.
[0155] Example 16 includes the method of example 1 or some other example herein, further comprising: generating a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) transmission with the MAC PDU, the PUSCH transmission to be transmitted on a plurality of symbols; and starting the HARQ storage timer based on a first symbol of the plurality of symbols or on a last symbol of the plurality of symbols.
[0156] Example 17 includes a method comprising: identifying a grant of an uplink resource; determining whether the grant is a usage-restricted grant; setting a value of a hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) -related timer based on said determining whether the grant is a usage-restricted grant; and starting the HARQ-related timer based on transmission of media access control (MAC) protocol data unit (PDU) in the uplink resource.
[0157] Example 18 includes the method of example 17 or some other example herein, further comprising: storing the MAC PDU in a buffer of a hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) process; and flushing the MAC PDU from the buffer of the HARQ process based on an expiration of the HARQ-related timer.
[0158] Example 19 includes the method of example 17 or some other example herein, wherein the HARQ-related timer is: a discontinuous reception (DRX) HARQ round-trip time (RTT) timer; a DRX HARQ retransmission timer; a configured grant timer; a configured grant retransmission timer; or a configured grant small-data transmission (SDT) retransmission timer.
[0159] Example 20 includes the method of example 17 or some other example herein, wherein determining whether the grant is a usage-restricted grant comprises determining the grant is a usage-restricted grant, wherein the grant is associated with a restriction based on a remaining time threshold and the method further comprises: generating the MAC PDU based on the remaining time threshold.
[0160] Example 21 includes the method of example 20 or some other example herein, further comprising: determining the value of the HARQ-related timer based on the remaining time threshold or on a maximum remaining time till expiry of a discard timer associated with data multiplexed into the MAC PDU.
[0161] Example 22 includes a method comprising: generating a grant of an uplink resource to a user equipment; generating an indication that the grant is associated with a restriction based on a remaining time threshold; and providing the grant and the indication for transmission to the user equipment.
[0162] Example 23 includes the method of example 22 or some other example herein, further comprising: setting a value of a hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) -related timer based on the remaining time threshold.
[0163] Example 24 includes the method of example 22 or some other example herein, further comprising: generating downlink control information to include the grant and the indication.
[0164] Example 25 includes the method of example 22 or some other example herein, wherein the grant is a configured grant and the method further comprises: generating radio resource control (RRC) information to configure the configured grant.
[0165] Example 26 includes the method of example 22 or some other example herein, wherein the indication comprises a one-bit indicator.
[0166] Another example may include an apparatus comprising means to perform one or more elements of a method described in or related to any of examples 1-26, or any other method or process described herein.
[0167] Another example may include one or more non-transitory computer-readable media comprising instructions to cause an electronic device, upon execution of the instructions by one or more processors of the electronic device, to perform one or more elements of a method described in or related to any of examples 1-26, or any other method or process described herein.
[0168] Another example may include an apparatus comprising logic, modules, or circuitry to perform one or more elements of a method described in or related to any of examples 1-26, or any other method or process described herein.
[0169] Another example may include a method, technique, or process as described in or related to any of examples 1-26, or portions or parts thereof.
[0170] Another example may include an apparatus comprising: one or more processors and one or more computer-readable media comprising instructions that, when executed by the one or more processors, cause the one or more processors to perform the method, techniques, or process as described in or related to any of examples 1-26, or portions thereof.
[0171] Another example may include a signal as described in or related to any of examples 1-26, or portions or parts thereof.
[0172] Another example may include a datagram, information element, packet, frame, segment, PDU, or message as described in or related to any of examples 1-26, or portions or parts thereof, or otherwise described in the present disclosure.
[0173] Another example may include a signal encoded with data as described in or related to any of examples 1-26, or portions or parts thereof, or otherwise described in the present disclosure.
[0174] Another example may include a signal encoded with a datagram, IE, packet, frame, segment, PDU, or message as described in or related to any of examples 1-26, or portions or parts thereof, or otherwise described in the present disclosure.
[0175] Another example may include an electromagnetic signal carrying computer-readable instructions, wherein execution of the computer-readable instructions by one or more processors is to cause the one or more processors to perform the method, techniques, or process as described in or related to any of examples 1-26, or portions thereof.
[0176] Another example may include a computer program comprising instructions, wherein execution of the program by a processing element is to cause the processing element to carry out the method, techniques, or process as described in or related to any of examples 1-26, or portions thereof.
[0177] Another example may include a signal in a wireless network as shown and described herein.
[0178] Another example may include a method of communicating in a wireless network as shown and described herein.
[0179] Another example may include a system for providing wireless communication as shown and described herein.
[0180] Another example may include a device for providing wireless communication as shown and described herein.
[0181] Any of the above-described examples may be combined with any other example (or combination of examples) , unless explicitly stated otherwise. The foregoing description of one or more implementations provides illustration and description, but is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the scope of embodiments to the precise form disclosed. Modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teachings or may be acquired from practice of various embodiments.
[0182] Although the embodiments above have been described in considerable detail, numerous variations and modifications will become apparent to those skilled in the art once the above disclosure is fully appreciated. It is intended that the following claims be interpreted to embrace all such variations and modifications.
Claims
1.A method comprising:identifying a grant of an uplink resource;generating a media access control (MAC) protocol data unit (PDU) ;storing the MAC PDU in a buffer of a hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) process;causing transmission of the MAC PDU using the uplink resource;starting a hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) storage timer based on transmission of the MAC PDU; andflushing the MAC PDU from the buffer of the HARQ process based on an expiration of the HARQ storage timer.2.The method of claim 1, further comprising:starting, based on transmission of the MAC PDU, a timer associated with the HARQ process,wherein the HARQ storage timer is started with a first value and the timer is started with a second value that is different from the first value.3.The method of claim 2, wherein the second value is larger than the first value and the method further comprising:stopping the timer based on the expiration of the HARQ storage timer.4.The method of claim 2, wherein the timer is: a discontinuous reception (DRX) HARQ round-trip time (RTT) timer; a DRX HARQ retransmission timer; a configured grant timer; a configured grant retransmission timer; or a configured grant small-data transmission (SDT) retransmission timer.5.The method of claim 1, wherein the grant of the uplink resource is associated with a restriction based on a remaining time threshold and said generating the MAC PDU comprises:generating the MAC PDU based on the remaining time threshold.6.The method of claim 5, wherein generating the MAC PDU based on the remaining time threshold comprises:generating the MAC PDU to include one or more packets, wherein the one or more packets are delay-critical packets or are packets associated with delay-critical packets.7.The method of claim 6, wherein the one or more packets are delay-critical packets that have remaining time till expiry of respective discard timers less than the remaining time threshold.8.The method of claim 5, wherein the HARQ storage timer is started with a value and the method further comprises:determining the value based on the remaining time threshold.9.The method of claim 8, further comprising:determining the remaining time threshold based on a network signal, wherein:the grant is a dynamic grant and the network signal is downlink control information (DCI) that schedules the dynamic grant, wherein the DCI includes the remaining time threshold or includes a reference to the remaining time threshold as previously configured by radio resource control (RRC) signaling; orthe grant is a configured grant and the network signal is DCI that activates the configured grant or is a radio resource control (RRC) signal that configures the configured grant.10.The method of claim 8, wherein the remaining time threshold is based on a threshold for delay status reporting.11.The method of claim 8, wherein determining the value based on the remaining time threshold comprises:setting the value equal to the remaining time threshold; orsetting the value equal to the remaining time threshold plus an offset.12.The method of claim 8, wherein determining the value based on the remaining time threshold comprises:setting the value equal to a nearest integer number of symbols, slots, or configured grant (CG) periodicities that matches the remaining time threshold; orsetting the value equal to a nearest integer number of symbols, slots, or configured grant (CG) periodicities that matches the remaining time threshold plus an offset.13.The method of claim 1, wherein the HARQ storage timer is started with a value and the method further comprises:determining the value based on a maximum remaining time till expiry of a discard timer associated with data multiplexed into the MAC PDU.14.The method of claim 13, wherein determining the value based on the maximum remaining time comprises:setting the value equal to the maximum remaining time; orsetting the value equal to the maximum remaining time plus an offset.15.The method of claim 13, wherein determining the value based on the maximum remaining time comprises:setting the value equal to a nearest integer number of symbols, slots, or configured grant (CG) periodicities that matches the maximum remaining time; orsetting the value equal to a nearest integer number of symbols, slots, or configured grant (CG) periodicities that matches the maximum remaining time plus an offset.16.The method of claim 1, further comprising:generating a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) transmission with the MAC PDU, the PUSCH transmission to be transmitted on a plurality of symbols; andstarting the HARQ storage timer based on a first symbol of the plurality of symbols or on a last symbol of the plurality of symbols.17.A baseband processor comprising:processing circuitry to:identify a grant of an uplink resource;determine whether the grant is a usage-restricted grant;set a value of a hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) -related timer based on said determining whether the grant is a usage-restricted grant; andstart the HARQ-related timer based on transmission of media access control (MAC) protocol data unit (PDU) in the uplink resource; andinterface circuitry coupled with the processing circuitry, the interface circuitry to communicatively couple the processing circuitry to a component of a device.18.The baseband processor of claim 17, wherein the processing circuitry is further to:store the MAC PDU in a buffer of a hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) process; andflush the MAC PDU from the buffer of the HARQ process based on an expiration of the HARQ-related timer.19.The baseband processor of claim 17, wherein the HARQ-related timer is:a discontinuous reception (DRX) HARQ round-trip time (RTT) timer; a DRX HARQ retransmission timer; a configured grant timer; a configured grant retransmission timer; or a configured grant small-data transmission (SDT) retransmission timer.20.The baseband processor of claim 17, wherein to determine whether the grant is a usage-restricted grant comprises to determine the grant is a usage-restricted grant, wherein the grant is associated with a restriction based on a remaining time threshold and the processing circuitry is further to:generate the MAC PDU based on the remaining time threshold.21.The baseband processor of claim 20, wherein the processing circuitry is further to:determine the value of the HARQ-related timer based on the remaining time threshold or on a maximum remaining time till expiry of a discard timer associated with data multiplexed into the MAC PDU.22.One or more computer-readable media having instructions that, when executed, cause processing circuitry to:generate a grant of an uplink resource to a user equipment;generate an indication that the grant is associated with a restriction based on a remaining time threshold; andprovide the grant and the indication for transmission to the user equipment.23.The one or more computer-readable media of claim 22, wherein the processing circuitry is further to:set a value of a hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) -related timer based on the remaining time threshold.24.The one or more computer-readable media of claim 22, wherein the processing circuitry is further to:generating downlink control information to include the grant and the indication.25.The one or more computer-readable media of claim 22, wherein the grant is a configured grant and the processing circuitry is further to:generate radio resource control (RRC) information to configure the configured grant.26.The one or more computer-readable media of claim 22, wherein the indication comprises a one-bit indicator.
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