Signal power control method among reader, carrier transmission node, and ambient power-enable device, power bias method, and related device

Abstract

The present application provides a power control method for a first channel received by an ambient power-enable device, executed by a first read node. The method comprises: determining a transmit power of the first channel, and transmitting the first channel to the ambient power-enable device on the basis of the transmit power, wherein the first read node is a base station or an intermediate node. The present application also provides a power control method for a second channel transmitted by an ambient power-enable device, executed by the ambient power-enable device. The method comprises: determining a transmit power of the second channel, and transmitting the second channel to a first read node on the basis of the transmit power, wherein the first read node is a base station or an intermediate node. The present application also provides a power control method for a carrier transmitted by a carrier transmission node, executed by the carrier transmission node. The method comprises: determining a transmit power of the carrier, and transmitting the carrier to an ambient power-enable device on the basis of the transmit power. By implementing the present application, power control of a corresponding channel / carrier matching an ambient power-enable mechanism can be realized.

Description

Signal power control method, power bias method and related equipment between reader, carrier transmission node and environmental energy supply equipment Technical Field

[0001] The embodiments of the present application relate to the field of wireless communication technology, and specifically to a signal power control method, a power bias method, and related equipment between a reader, a carrier transmitting node, and an environmental energy supply device. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, the Internet of Things (IoT) has garnered significant attention in the wireless communications sector. With the continuous advancement of communication systems, IoT terminals are poised to be applied in a wide range of scenarios, including homes, industry, agriculture, and healthcare. To enable the large-scale deployment of IoT terminals across these diverse applications, reducing their size, complexity, and power consumption is crucial. Traditional IoT devices, such as narrowband IoT (NB-IoT) terminals, machine-type communication (MTC) terminals, and 5G lightweight RedCap terminals, require batteries that require regular battery replacement or charging. With the massive increase in the number of IoT terminals expected, existing IoT systems will significantly increase power supply and labor costs. Furthermore, traditional IoT terminals are not suitable for extreme environments, such as high temperatures and high voltages. Ambient IoT (Ambient IoT) terminals, on the other hand, primarily utilize the external environment (e.g., light, radio waves, motion, heat, etc.) for energy. These devices eliminate the need for batteries or have only low-energy storage capacity (e.g., capacitors), eliminating the need for manual battery replacement or charging, effectively avoiding the challenges of existing IoT systems. Compared to existing NB-IoT, MTC, and RedCap terminals, Ambient IoT terminals will be less complex, consume less power, and be less expensive. For example, NB-IoT consumes milliwatts, while Ambient IoT terminals consume microwatts. Because Ambient IoT terminals are a new type of terminal, there is currently no established system solution for power control of signals related to Ambient IoT terminals.

[0003] Summary of the Invention

[0004] The embodiments of the present application provide a method to solve the problems existing in the prior art.

[0005] The present application provides a power control method for a first channel received by an environmental energy supply device, performed by a first reading node. The method comprises: determining a transmit power of the first channel; and transmitting the first channel to the environmental energy supply device based on the transmit power; wherein the first reading node is a base station or an intermediate node.

[0006] The present application also provides a power control method for a second channel transmitted by an environmental energy supply device, the method being performed by the environmental energy supply device. The method comprises: determining a transmit power of the second channel; and transmitting the second channel to a first reading node based on the transmit power; wherein the first reading node is a base station or an intermediate node.

[0007] The present application also provides a method for controlling the power of a carrier transmitted by a carrier transmitting node, the method being performed by the carrier transmitting node, wherein the carrier is used to supply power to an environmental power supply device or to generate a backscattered signal. The method comprises: determining a transmit power of the carrier, and transmitting the carrier to the environmental power supply device based on the transmit power.

[0008] The present application also provides a method for power offsetting a channel from a reader to an ambient power supply device, performed by the reader. The method comprises: determining the power of a pilot signal sent by the reader to the ambient power supply device; and determining a first power offset of a control or data signal relative to the pilot signal, and determining the power of the control or data signal based on the first power offset.

[0009] The present application also provides a method for power offsetting a channel from an ambient power supply device to a reader, performed by the ambient power supply device. The method comprises: determining the power of a pilot signal sent by the ambient power supply device to the reader; and determining a third power offset of a control or data signal relative to the pilot signal, and determining the power of the control or data signal based on the third power offset.

[0010] The present application also provides a wireless communication device, comprising a processor and a memory, wherein the memory is used to store program instructions, and when the program instructions are executed by the processor, they are used to implement any of the above methods.

[0011] The present application also provides a readable storage medium for storing program instructions. When the program instructions are executed by a processor, they are used to implement any of the above methods. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0012] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the present application and constitute a part of the present application. The illustrative embodiments of the present application and their descriptions are used to explain the present application and do not constitute an improper limitation on the present application. In the drawings:

[0013] Figure 1 shows the network topology types of IoT devices with an ambient energy supply mechanism.

[0014] FIG2 shows a schematic diagram of the backscatter communication principle.

[0015] FIG3 is a schematic diagram showing the relationship between the wave sending node and the environmental energy supply equipment in the first network topology type.

[0016] FIG4 is a schematic diagram showing the relationship between the wave sending node and the environmental energy supply device in the second network topology type.

[0017] FIG5 is a schematic diagram of spectrum deployment of ambient-powered IoT device signals under the first network topology type.

[0018] FIG6 is a schematic diagram of spectrum deployment of ambient-powered IoT device signals under the second network topology type.

[0019] FIG7 is a schematic flow chart of a method for controlling power of a first channel received by an environmental energy supply device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] FIG8 is a schematic flow chart of a method for controlling power of a second channel transmitted by an environmental energy supply device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] FIG9 is a schematic flow chart of a method for controlling power of a carrier sent by a carrier sending node according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] FIG10 is a flow chart illustrating a method for biasing power from a reader to a channel of an environmental energy supply device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] FIG11 is a schematic diagram of the timing of signals sent from the reader to the environmental energy supply device.

[0024] FIG. 12 is a flow chart illustrating a method for biasing power from an ambient energy supply device to a channel of a reader according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] FIG13 is a schematic diagram of the timing of signals sent from the environmental energy supply device to the reader.

[0026] FIG14 is a schematic structural diagram of a wireless communication device according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The following will describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of this application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of this application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0028] It should be understood that the term "and / or" in this document simply describes a relationship between related objects, indicating that three possible relationships exist. For example, "A and / or B" can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, or B exists alone. Furthermore, the character " / " in this document generally indicates that the related objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0029] The Ambient IoT (Ambient IoT) system defines four network topologies, as shown in Figure 1. In Topology 1, the base station and IoT terminals are directly connected, performing uplink / downlink communication. This means that the IoT terminals send and receive information from the base station. In Topology 2, uplink / downlink communication occurs between the IoT terminals and intermediate nodes, and between the intermediate nodes and the base station. This means that the IoT terminals send and receive information from the intermediate nodes, and the intermediate nodes send and receive information from the base station. Intermediate nodes can be relays, integrated access backhaul (IAB) nodes, user equipment (UE), repeaters, and so on. In Topology 3, communication occurs between auxiliary nodes and IoT terminals. The IoT terminals receive information from the auxiliary nodes, and the auxiliary nodes receive information from the base station. The IoT terminals also communicate with the base station, sending information to the base station. Alternatively, the IoT terminal communicates with the base station, receiving information from the base station. Alternatively, the auxiliary node communicates with the IoT terminal, sending information to the auxiliary node and vice versa. The auxiliary node can be a relay, an Integrated Access Backhaul (IAB) node, a user equipment (UE), or a repeater. In topology 4, the UE and IoT terminal are directly connected for uplink and downlink communication, with the IoT terminal sending information to or receiving information from the UE.

[0030] Ambient-powered Internet of Things (A-IoT) terminals can be divided into two categories: one is A-IoT terminals that can generate their own signals; the other is A-IoT terminals that cannot actively generate signals. This type of A-IoT terminal obtains and transmits backscattered signals by receiving third-party signals (carrier, CW). Therefore, this type of A-IoT terminal can also be called an A-IoT terminal based on backscatter communication. Because backscatter communication does not actively generate carrier signals, the power consumption of A-IoT terminals based on backscatter communication is lower than that of the previous type of A-IoT terminals. In the above topologies 1 to 4, the signal sent by the A-IoT terminal to the base station / intermediate node / UE can be a self-generated signal or a backscattered signal.

[0031] Figure 2 shows a schematic diagram of the backscatter communication principle. Unlike the signal modulation and transmission process in traditional communications, devices supporting backscatter communication do not have the ability to generate carrier waves and cannot "actively" transmit signals. Instead, they modulate the information bits they need to transmit onto a third-party signal. The backscatter device selects a corresponding load impedance based on the information bits to be transmitted, thereby changing the physical properties of the third-party signal, such as amplitude, phase, or frequency, thereby achieving "passive" communication. Modulation is categorized as digital modulation and analog modulation, corresponding to (a) and (b) in Figure 2, respectively. A simple implementation involves the tag (A-IoT terminal) reflecting the carrier signal when transmitting a "1" bit and absorbing the carrier signal when transmitting a "0" bit.

[0032] The aforementioned backscatter communication principles primarily concern the transmitter. A typical backscatter device, in addition to the transmitter-side channel coding and modulation modules, typically includes an antenna, a microcontroller, a signal receiving module, and memory. The signal receiving module is responsible for receiving downlink signals sent to the backscatter device by the network or a card reader. Its architecture and technology leverage the LP-WUR technology currently under development by 3GPP. The microcontroller is responsible for executing commands, collecting sensor information, writing and reading data, and controlling the coding and modulation modules based on the information being transmitted. Because backscatter communication does not actively generate a carrier signal, its energy consumption is extremely low.

[0033] At the RAN1#116 meeting organized by 3GPP, three A-IoT terminal types shown in Table 1 were adopted.

[0034] Table 1: A-IoT terminal types

[0035] In this application, the environment A-IoT can also be called passive IoT, semi-passive IoT, zero-power IoT, low-power IoT, or ultra-low-power IoT. This application does not limit the name of the environment A-IoT.

[0036] In the A-IoT system, in addition to the nodes mentioned above (base stations, A-IoT terminals, and intermediate / helper nodes), there are also nodes that transmit carrier waves (CWs). One function of CWs is to provide energy to A-IoT terminals, meaning that A-IoT terminals collect energy by receiving CWs. All A-IoT terminals can obtain energy by receiving CWs. Another function of CWs is for backscatter communication. For example, the uplink signals of device 1 and device 2a described above are backscatter signals generated by terminals receiving CWs. The node providing CWs can be a base station, an intermediate node, a UE, or a third-party node. Taking topology 1 as an example, CWs can be transmitted by a base station, with the A-IoT terminal receiving other signals (e.g., control information) from the base station and the CWs. Alternatively, CWs can be transmitted by a third-party node, with the A-IoT terminal receiving signals (e.g., control information) from the base station and the CWs from the third-party node.

[0037] The device that transmits CW (denoted as a CW node) may be inside or outside the topology. Figure 3 shows the relationship between the CW transmitting node and the ambient energy supply device in the first network topology type. As shown in Figure 3, topology 1 includes a base station and a terminal.

[0038] In the first configuration, the CW node is within the topology, that is, the CW node is a base station. The base station that sends the CW (gNB1) and the base station that receives signals from the terminal (gNB2) are different nodes. As shown in the figure below, gNB1 sends a first channel and CW to the ambient power supply device. The first channel is used for the ambient power supply device to receive signals that do not include the CW. The ambient power supply device sends a second channel to gNB2. The second channel is used for the ambient power supply device to send signals.

[0039] In the second configuration, the CW node is within the topology, that is, the CW node is a base station. The base station that sends the CW and receives the signal from the terminal is the same base station. gNB1 sends the first channel and CW to the environmental power supply device, and the environmental power supply device sends the second channel to gNB1.

[0040] In the third configuration, the CW node is outside the topology, meaning that the device generating the CW is a third-party device other than the base station and the terminal. gNB1 transmits the first channel to the ambient power device; the ambient power device transmits the second channel to gNB1; and the third-party device transmits the CW to the ambient power device.

[0041] The above three configurations are mainly for device types device 1 and device 2a. For device type device 2b, since device 2b can actively generate signals, there is no restriction on the device that generates CW.

[0042] Figure 4 shows the relationship between the transmitter node and the ambient energy supply device in the second network topology. As shown in Figure 4, topology 2 includes a base station (gNB), an intermediate node, and an ambient energy supply device.

[0043] In the first configuration, the CW node is within the topology, meaning it is an intermediate node. The intermediate node that sends the CW (intermediate node 1) and the intermediate node that receives the signal from the terminal (intermediate node 2) are different nodes. Intermediate node 1 sends a first channel, including the CW, to the device. The first channel is used for the ambient power supply device to receive signals that do not include the CW. The ambient power supply device sends a second channel to intermediate node 2. The second channel is used for the ambient power supply device to send signals.

[0044] In the second configuration, the CW node is within the topology, meaning it's an intermediate node. The intermediate node that sends the CW signal is the same node that receives the signal from the terminal. Intermediate node 1 sends the first channel and the CW signal to the ambient power supply device; the ambient power supply device sends the second channel to intermediate node 1.

[0045] In the third configuration, the CW node is outside the topology, meaning that the device generating the CW is a third-party device other than the base station, intermediate node, or terminal. As shown in the figure, intermediate node 1 sends the first channel to the ambient power supply device; the ambient power supply device sends the second channel to intermediate node 1; and the third-party device sends the CW to the ambient power supply device.

[0046] The above three configurations are mainly for device types device 1 and device 2a. For device type device 2b, since device 2b can actively generate signals, there is no restriction on the device that generates CW.

[0047] For device types 1 / 2a, CW and backscatter signals can be transmitted on the same carrier. Based on the different configurations described above, spectrum deployment for A-IoT signals can be as follows: Figures 5 and 6.

[0048] Figure 5 shows the spectrum deployment for ambient-powered IoT device signals in the first network topology. Topology 1 includes a base station (gNB) and a device.

[0049] In the first configuration, the CW node is within the topology and CW is transmitted in the downlink spectrum. Specifically, the CW node is the gNB, and CW is transmitted in the downlink spectrum. Signals sent from the terminal to the gNB (i.e., signals sent from the device to the reader, hereinafter referred to as D2R) are sent in the downlink spectrum, and signals sent from the gNB to the terminal (i.e., signals sent from the reader to the device, hereinafter referred to as R2D) are sent in the downlink spectrum.

[0050] In the second configuration, the CW node is within the topology and CW is transmitted in the uplink spectrum. Specifically, the CW node is the gNB, and CW is transmitted in the uplink spectrum; D2R is sent in the uplink spectrum; and R2D is sent in the downlink spectrum.

[0051] In the third configuration, the CW node is outside the topology and CW is transmitted in the uplink spectrum. Specifically, the CW node is a transmitting external node, and CW is transmitted in the uplink spectrum; D2R is sent in the uplink spectrum; and R2D is sent in the downlink spectrum.

[0052] Figure 6 shows the spectrum deployment for ambient-powered IoT device signals in the second network topology. Topology 2 includes a gNB, an intermediate node, and a device.

[0053] In the first configuration, the CW node is within the topology and CW is transmitted on the uplink spectrum. Specifically, the CW node is the user equipment (UE), and CW is transmitted on the uplink spectrum; D2R is sent on the uplink spectrum; and R2D is sent on the uplink spectrum.

[0054] In the second configuration, the CW node is outside the topology and CW is transmitted in the downlink spectrum. Specifically, the CW node is the UE, and CW is transmitted in the downlink spectrum; D2R is sent in the downlink spectrum; and R2D is sent in the uplink spectrum.

[0055] In the third configuration, the CW node is outside the topology and CW is transmitted in the uplink spectrum. Specifically, the CW node is the UE and CW is transmitted in the uplink spectrum; D2R is sent in the uplink spectrum; and R2D is sent in the uplink spectrum.

[0056] In the A-IoT system, there are at least three types of signals / channels. The receiver of the first channel / signal is the terminal, the first channel / signal does not include CW, and the sender of the first channel / signal can be a base station or an intermediate node. The first channel / signal includes a first sequence (also called a timing signal), which is used to determine the start time of the first channel / signal or to obtain timing. The first channel / signal may also include data and / or control information, a second sequence (also called a midamble or synchronization signal) for synchronization, and a third sequence (also called a postamble) for synchronization or determining the end time of the first channel / signal.

[0057] The sender of the second channel / signal is a terminal, and the receiver of the second channel / signal can be a base station or an intermediate node. The second channel / signal includes a fourth sequence (also called a timing signal), which is used to determine the start time of the second channel / signal or to obtain timing. The second channel / signal may also include data and / or control information, a fifth sequence (also called a midamble or synchronization signal) for synchronization, and a sixth sequence (also called a postamble) for synchronization or determining the end time of the second channel / signal.

[0058] The third signal is a CW. The sender of the CW can be a base station, an intermediate node, or a third-party device other than the base station or intermediate node, and the receiver is the terminal. The CW has two functions: one is that the terminal receives the CW to collect energy, and the other is that the terminal receives the CW to generate a backscattered signal.

[0059] In existing New Radio (NR) systems, uplink power control includes open-loop power control and closed-loop power control. Open-loop power control means the transmitter performs power control based on its own measurements without feedback from the receiver. This means the UE determines its transmit power independently, without the base station controlling the UE's transmit power. Closed-loop power control means the transmitter controls transmit power based on feedback from the receiver. The base station controls the UE's transmit power using transmit power adjustment parameters. The purposes of uplink power control include power conservation and interference control. For example, if the transmit power is too low, the receiver cannot receive the signal correctly, while if the transmit power is too high, it will cause unnecessary interference to neighboring cells. NR uplink channels include the Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH), Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH), Sounding Reference Signal (SRS), and Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH). PUSCH, PUCCH, and SRS use closed-loop power control, while PRACH uses open-loop power control. In the following description, i represents a transmission opportunity, b represents an uplink activated bandwidth part (BWP), f represents a serving cell, c represents a carrier, and u represents a subcarrier spacing parameter.

[0060] Closed-loop power control is explained using PUSCH as an example. The transmit power of PUSCH is determined according to the following formula:

[0061] Among them, P CMAX,f,c (i) is the maximum transmit power of the UE; PO_PUSCHb,f,c(j) is the target receive power, which is the sum of PO_NOMINAL_PUSCH,f,c(j) and PO_UE_PUSCHb,f,c(j). These two parameters are configured by the base station, one is a cell-common parameter and the other is a UE-specific parameter. is the number of resource blocks (RBs) occupied by PUSCH; PLb,f,c(qd) is the path loss calculated by the UE based on the downlink reference signal. The downlink reference signal can be CSI-RS or SSB. PL b,f,c (q d )=referenceSignalPower-higher layer filtered RSRP, where referenceSignalPower is a parameter configured by the base station and higher layer filtered RSRP is the reference signal received power (RSRP) measured by the UE; α b,f,c (j) is the path loss compensation factor, which ranges from greater than 0 to less than or equal to 1; ΔTF,b,f,c(i) is the MCS power adjustment amount. When Ks is 1.25, Δ TF,b,f,c (i)= When Ks is 0, Δ TF,b,f,c (i) = 0; fb,f,c (i, l) is the PUSCH power adjustment amount. There are two ways to adjust the PUSCH power. One is to use the current power adjustment amount δPUSCH,b,f,c, that is, the base station dynamically indicates δPUSCH,b,f,c through DCI. Then fb,f,c (i, l) = δPUSCH, b, f, c, UE performs power calculation; the other method is to use the accumulated power adjustment amount, that is, the base station dynamically indicates δPUSCH, b, f, c through DCI, and the UE accumulates the historical received δPUSCH, b, f, c as the current fb,f,c (i, l) is used for power calculation. The values ​​of δPUSCH,b,f,c are shown in Table 2. The base station can indicate one of the values ​​through the TPC Command Field in the DCI.

[0062] Table 2: Power adjustment values

[0063] Open-loop power control takes PRACH as an example. The transmit power of PRACH is determined according to the following formula:PRACH,b,f,c (i) = min{P CMAX,f,c (i),P PRACH,target,f,c +PL b,f,c}

[0064] Among them, P CMAX,f,c (i) is the maximum transmit power of the UE; PPRACH,target,f,c is the target receive power, which is provided by high-layer parameters; PLb,f,c is the path loss, which is measured by the UE using the SSB associated with PRACH. The specific calculation method is referenceSignalPower-higher layer filtered RSRP, where referenceSignalPower is the parameter configured by the base station and higher layer filtered RSRP is the RSRP measured by the UE.

[0065] In summary, the difference between open-loop power control and closed-loop power control is whether the UE has the power adjustment amount f from the base station when calculating the transmit power. b,f,c (i, l). The power control method in the above-mentioned NR system is not fully applicable to devices under the A-IoT mechanism. To solve this problem, some embodiments of the present application provide a power control method for corresponding wireless communication devices.

[0066] Figure 7 is a schematic flow diagram illustrating a method for controlling the power of a first channel received by an environmental energy supply device according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in Figure 7 , the method includes operation S101: determining the transmit power of the first channel; and operation S102: transmitting the first channel to the environmental energy supply device based on the transmit power. The first reading node is a base station or an intermediate node.

[0067] Refer to Configuration 1 in Figure 5 and Configurations 1 and 3 in Figure 6. For Configuration 1 in Figure 5, the carrier wave (CW) transmission node is a base station, and the CW is transmitted on the downlink spectrum. When the base station (gNB) transmits the first channel to the environmental energy supply device (device), the CW will interfere with the environmental energy supply device's reception of the first channel. For Configuration 1 in Figure 6, the CW node is an intermediate node, and the CW is transmitted on the uplink spectrum. When the intermediate node (UE) transmits the first channel to the environmental energy supply device (device), the CW will interfere with the device's reception of the first channel. For Configuration 3 in Figure 6, the CW node is an external node, and the CW is transmitted on the uplink spectrum. If the CW node transmits the CW while the intermediate node (UE) is transmitting the first channel to the environmental energy supply device (device), the CW will interfere with the environmental energy supply device's reception of the first channel (cross-link interference). Regardless of the topology, in the inband / guardband deployment, when the first channel is transmitted through the DL spectrum, the downlink signal in the communication system (such as the NR system) will interfere with the first channel; when the first channel is transmitted through the UL spectrum, the uplink signal in the communication system will interfere with the first channel. Correspondingly, the first channel will also interfere with the uplink or downlink signal in the communication system, affecting the signal transmission of the communication system. In addition, in the scenario shown in Figure 6, if the base station manages multiple intermediate nodes, interference will also occur between the multiple intermediate nodes. For example, the transmission from one intermediate node to an environmental power supply device will interfere with the transmission of another intermediate node to another environmental power supply device (similar to inter-cell interference).

[0068] The first channel may include a first sequence (also called a timing signal), which is used to indicate the start time of the first channel or to obtain timing. The first channel may also include data / control information, a second sequence (also called a midamble or synchronization signal) for synchronization, and a third sequence (also called a postamble) for synchronization or indicating the end time of the first channel.

[0069] In this embodiment, the device sending the first channel is a reader node (or network-side device). In topology 1, the reader node is the gNB, and in topology 2, the reader node is an intermediate node. In the presence of multiple readers (multiple devices receiving transmissions from the ambient power supply device), the reader node sending the first channel is referred to as the first reader node, and the other reader nodes are referred to as second reader nodes.

[0070] Factors involved in the transmission power of the first channel may include one or more of the following: the receiving power P0 required by the environmental power supply device to detect the first channel, channel quality, interference amount, communication parameters of the first channel, and power adjustment amount.

[0071] In some embodiments, the transmit power of the first channel is determined based on the receive power required by the environmental energy supply device to detect the first channel. Specifically, the receive power required by the environmental energy supply device to detect the first channel is determined based on one of the following methods: directly determining the receive power required by the environmental energy supply device to detect the first channel according to a preset configuration, that is, directly providing the required receive power value; determining the receive power required by the environmental energy supply device to detect the first channel according to the type of the environmental energy supply device according to a preset configuration, for example, device type device 1 corresponds to one receive power, and device type device 2a corresponds to another receive power; or determining the receive power required by the environmental energy supply device to detect the first channel according to a preset configuration based on communication parameters of the first channel, wherein the communication parameters include at least one of the following: chip rate, number of bits, time domain and / or frequency domain resource size, frequency, or modulation mode, for example, frequency 1 corresponds to one receive power, and frequency 2 corresponds to another receive power. The preset configuration may be a value or calculation method predefined by a communication protocol / communication standard. The aforementioned received power P0 required for detecting the first channel may be preconfigured within the first read node, or may be sent to the read node by the ambient energy supply device (directly to the first read node or via another read node), or may be sent to the first read node by the carrier transmitting node (i.e., a CW node) (for example, if the carrier transmitting node can receive backscattered signals, the carrier transmitting node may receive the received power indicated by the ambient energy supply device). The transmit power of the first channel should be greater than or equal to the received power.

[0072] In some embodiments, the transmit power of the first channel is determined based on channel quality. Channel quality may also be referred to as path loss. For example, the transmit power of the first channel may be the sum of P0 and f(PL), where P0 is the received power and f(PL) is a function of the channel quality.

[0073] In one case, the environmental energy supply device has no measurement capability. At this time, the first reading node measures the second channel from the environmental energy supply device and obtains the measurement result, and determines the transmission power of the first channel based on the measurement result of the second channel. The measurement quantity may be one or more of the following: reference signal received power (RSRP) in the A-IoT system, received signal strength indicator (RSSI), signal to interference and noise ratio (SINR), reference signal received quality (RSRQ), wherein the reference signal refers to the signal used to measure channel quality in the A-IoT system, which is different from the reference signal in the existing communication system (for example, CSI-RS, SSB, SRS, DMRS). In the A-IoT system, RSRP, RSSI, and RSRQ can also be called other names, which are not limited by the present invention. Taking RSRP as an example, the first reading node obtains the path loss based on the transmission power and reception power of the second channel. Prior to this, the environmental energy supply device can notify the first reading node of the transmission power of the second channel through the second channel. The present application does not limit the way in which the first reading node obtains the transmission power of the second channel. For device type device 1 / 2a, the first reading node can measure the path loss based on the backscatter signal, and the first reading node can measure the path loss between the carrier transmitting node (inside or outside the topology) and the first reading node through the environmental power supply device. The carrier transmitting node can notify the first reading node of the transmission power. In this way, the environmental power supply device does not need to notify the first reading node of the transmission power. If the environmental power supply device is activated / selected for the first time, has just entered the coverage area of ​​the first reading node, or is communicating with the first reading node for the first time, the first reading node cannot perform measurements based on the signal from the environmental power supply device. In this case, a measurement result reference value can be predefined in the communication protocol, and the first reading node determines the transmission power of the first channel according to this reference value. In topology 2, the base station can configure the measurement result reference value to the first reading node as an intermediate node.

[0074] In another scenario, the first reader node obtains measurement results of the second channel from the ambient energy supply device via a second reader node, and determines the channel quality based on the measurement results of the second channel, wherein the second reader node is the node that receives transmissions from the ambient energy supply device. In this scenario, the first reader node does not receive or directly receive transmissions from the ambient energy supply device; instead, the second reader node receives the transmissions from the ambient energy supply device. The second reader node performs measurements based on the signal from the ambient energy supply device (e.g., the second channel) and notifies the first reader of the measurement results. The first reader node determines the channel quality and the transmit power of the first channel based on the measurement results. For device type device 1 / 2a, the reader node measures path loss based on the backscattered signal. The second reader node can measure the path loss between the carrier transmitting node (inside or outside the topology) and the second reader node via the ambient energy supply device. The carrier transmitting node (outside the topology) or the first reader (CW node) can simultaneously notify the second reader of the transmit power. In this manner, the ambient energy supply device does not need to transmit power to the reader node. If the ambient energy supply device is being activated / selected for the first time, has just entered the coverage area of ​​the second reader node, or is communicating with the second reader node for the first time, the second reader node cannot perform measurements based on the signal from the ambient energy supply device. In this case, a measurement result reference value can be predefined in the communication protocol, and the first reader node can use this reference value to determine the transmit power of the first channel. In topology 2, the base station can configure the measurement result reference value for the first reader node, which is an intermediate node. Alternatively, the base station can configure the measurement result reference value for the second reader node, which then sends the measurement result reference value to the first reader node.

[0075] In another scenario, the first reading node receives a measurement result of the channel quality of a signal previously transmitted by the first reading node from the environmental energy supply device. Specifically, the environmental energy supply device measures the signal previously transmitted by the first reading node to obtain a measurement result, and the environmental function device transmits the measurement result to the first reading node. In this scenario, the environmental energy supply device has measurement capabilities, such as device type 2b. The environmental energy supply device receives a signal (e.g., a first signal or a CW signal) from the first reading node, measures it, and transmits a measurement parameter (a first parameter) to the first reading node (operation S103 shown in FIG7 ). The first parameter includes the channel quality measurement result, and the first reading node determines the channel quality and, thereby, the transmit power of the first channel based on the measurement result. If the environmental energy supply device is being activated / selected for the first time, has just entered the coverage area of ​​the first reading node, or is communicating with the first reading node for the first time, the environmental energy supply device cannot perform measurements based on the signal from the first reading node. In this scenario, a measurement result reference value can be predefined in the communication protocol, and the first reading node determines the transmit power of the first channel based on this reference value. In topology 2, the base station can configure the measurement result reference value for the first reading node, which is an intermediate node.

[0076] In another scenario, the first reader node receives a measurement result of the channel quality of a signal received from the first reader node by a carrier transmitting node, where the carrier transmitting node is used to supply power to the ambient power supply device or to generate a backscattered signal. That is, the carrier transmitting node (CW node) receives the signal transmitted by the first reader node, measures the path loss, and transmits the measurement result to the first reader node. Typically, a CW node is closer to the ambient power supply device. The CW node can receive signals from the first reader to assist in measuring the path loss and provide feedback to the first reader.

[0077] Due to the low mobility of the environmental energy supply device, in the above scheme, the first reading node, the second reading node, the carrier sending node or the environmental energy supply device does not need to measure and / or report the channel quality in real time. For example, measurement and / or reporting can be performed periodically, and the size of the period can be predefined or configured by the relevant device. For example, in topology 2, the base station can configure the period to the first / second reading node. Alternatively, the measurement and / or reporting can also be conditionally triggered (non-periodic), for example, when the environmental energy supply device is activated / selected X times in a row (X is greater than 1, for example, X=2), the first reading node, the second reading node or the environmental energy supply device performs a measurement and / or report.

[0078] In some embodiments, the transmit power of the first channel is determined based on the amount of interference. The amount of interference may include one or more of the following: interference from CW, interference from other downlink signals in the communication system (for example, PDSCH, PDCCH, downlink reference signal in NR or 6G system), and interference from other uplink signals in the communication system (for example, PUSCH, PUCCH, uplink reference signal in NR or 6G system). The measurement of the amount of interference can be based on parameters such as SINR or RSRP in the A-IoT system. The communication system can be a new air interface (NR) system or other communication system that applies the A-IoT mechanism.

[0079] In one case, the first reading node receives the interference amount from the carrier transmitting node, the interference amount of the downlink signal, or the interference amount of the uplink signal measured by the environmental energy supply device.

[0080] In another case, the first reading node receives the interference amount of the downlink signal or the interference amount of the uplink signal measured by the carrier sending node. Some environmental energy supply devices have measurement capabilities, for example, device type Device 2b, the environmental energy supply device measures the interference from the CW node, the interference of the downlink signal in the communication system (when the first channel is transmitted through the DL spectrum) or the interference of the uplink signal in the communication system (when the first channel is transmitted through the UL spectrum). The environmental energy supply device can send a first parameter to the first reading node (operation S103 in Figure 7), and the first parameter includes the interference amount. The first reading node determines the transmission power of the first channel based on the interference amount. This embodiment can also introduce a measurement window, and the environmental energy supply device performs interference measurement within the measurement window. Within the measurement window, the first reading node does not send a signal to the environmental energy supply device. The measurement window can be configured by the first reading node or the base station.

[0081] In another case, the first reading node is an intermediate node, and the first reading node receives the interference amount sent by the base station or the interference amount sent by other reading nodes. For example, the CW node assists in measuring the interference amount. Some environmental energy supply devices do not have measurement capabilities. Usually, the CW node is close to the environmental energy supply device. Under the inband / guardband deployment, the CW node measures the interference from the downlink signal of the communication system (when the first channel is transmitted through the DL spectrum) or the interference of the uplink signal of the communication system (when the first channel is transmitted through the UL spectrum). Before operation S101, the CW node sends the interference amount to the first reading node. In topology 2, the base station can send the interference amount to the first reading node. In the case where the base station manages multiple reading nodes, other reading nodes can also send interference amounts to the base station, which represent the interference of the first reading node to other reading nodes. The base station further sends the interference amount to the first reading node. The base station can perform interference control on the first reading node based on historical interference conditions.

[0082] In another case, the interference amount may be determined based on a preset interference amount value, that is, an interference amount reference value is preconfigured in the first reading node, and the transmit power of the first channel is determined according to the reference value.

[0083] In another scenario, the amount of interference can be received from a user device or base station. In an inband / guardband deployment, a user device or base station in the communication system measures interference and sends the amount of interference to the first reading node. This is because the first channel can also cause interference to the downlink or uplink signals of the communication system. The user device or base station in the communication system sends the amount of interference to the first reading node based on the signal from the first reading node (e.g., the first channel). In topology 2, the user device can also send the amount of interference to the base station, and the base station sends the amount of interference to the first reading node.

[0084] In another case, the first reading node measures the interference amount of the downlink signal and / or uplink signal, that is, the first reading node itself measures the interference from the uplink / downlink signal of the communication system.

[0085] In some embodiments, the transmit power of the first channel is determined based on communication parameters of the first channel, wherein the communication parameters of the first channel include at least one of the following: chip rate, number of bits, or time domain and / or frequency domain resource size.

[0086] In some embodiments, the transmission power of the first channel is determined based on the power adjustment amount. Specifically, the power adjustment amount can be determined based on the following manner: the first reading node receives the power adjustment amount sent by the environmental power supply device, the carrier sending node or the user equipment. For example, the environmental power supply device (for example, device type device 2b) sends the power adjustment amount to the first reading node. The present application does not limit the manner in which the environmental power supply device determines the power adjustment amount. For example, the power adjustment amount can be determined based on detection performance and channel quality. Alternatively, the environmental power supply device, the second reading node, the carrier sending node or the user equipment determines the power adjustment amount based on the interference amount (as described above) and sends it to the first reading node.

[0087] Due to the low mobility of the ambient energy supply device, in the above solution, the first reading node, the second reading node, and the ambient energy supply device do not need to send the power adjustment amount in real time. For example, the transmission can be periodic, and the period length can be predefined or configured by the relevant device. Alternatively, the transmission of the power adjustment amount can be conditionally triggered (non-periodic), for example, when the ambient energy supply device is activated / selected X times in a row (X is greater than 1, for example, X = 2), the first reading node, the second reading node, or the ambient energy supply device performs a measurement and / or reports.

[0088] Similarly, the first reading node does not need to redetermine the transmission power based on the above method each time before sending the first channel. The first reading node can adjust the transmission power periodically, and the size of the period can be predefined or configured by the relevant node. In addition, the minimum transmission power and / or maximum transmission power of the first channel can also be defined. The minimum transmission power and / or maximum transmission power can be predefined by the protocol. The minimum transmission power and / or maximum transmission power can also be related to the frequency and bandwidth. Different frequencies support different minimum transmission power and / or maximum transmission power, and different bandwidths support different minimum transmission power and / or maximum transmission power. When the transmission power calculated according to the above method exceeds this maximum / minimum transmission power, the actual transmission power is determined according to this maximum / minimum transmission power. That is, if the transmission power determined based on the above method is greater than the maximum transmission power, the first channel is transmitted according to this maximum transmission power; if the transmission power determined based on the above method is less than the minimum transmission power, the first channel is transmitted according to this minimum transmission power.

[0089] The first channel can be sent via broadcast or multicast. Specifically, the first reading node transmits the first channel, and multiple environmental energy supply devices need to receive the first channel. The first reading node must ensure that all of these devices can receive the first channel. However, different environmental energy supply devices may have different receive power, path loss, and interference. Therefore, among the aforementioned factors affecting transmit power, the first reading node can determine transmit power based on feedback from multiple environmental energy supply devices. For example, if the path losses of two environmental energy supply devices are PL1 and PL2, respectively, the first reading node can determine transmit power based on the larger path loss.

[0090] Through this method, it is possible to effectively control the power of the first channel sent by the first reader to the environmental energy supply device under the A-IoT mechanism, while taking into account transmission energy saving while ensuring transmission quality.

[0091] Figure 8 is a flow chart illustrating a method for controlling the power of a second channel transmitted by an environmental energy supply device according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in Figure 8 , the method includes operation S201: determining the transmit power of the second channel; and operation S202: transmitting the second channel to a first reading node based on the transmit power. The first reading node is a base station or an intermediate node.

[0092] This method is primarily targeted at device types 2a / 2b. The purpose of power control for signals (D2R) sent by ambient energy devices to reading nodes can include interference control and improving D2R transmission accuracy. Referring to Figure 5, in Configuration 1, the CW node is a base station, and CW is transmitted in the downlink spectrum. The first channel (gNB to device) and the CW cause interference to the second channel (device to gNB). In Configurations 2 and 3, the CW is transmitted in the uplink spectrum, and the CW also causes interference to the second channel. Specifically, CW interference to the second channel can be explained by the CW interference when the reading node receives backscattered signals. This is due to leakage of signals from the reading node's transmitter to the receiver. Referring to Figure 6, in Configuration 1, the CW node is an intermediate node, and CW is transmitted in the uplink spectrum. The first channel (gNB to device) causes interference to the second channel (device to gNB). In Configuration 3, the CW node is an external node, and CW is transmitted in the uplink spectrum. The first channel (gNB to device) causes interference to the second channel (device to gNB).

[0093] Regardless of the topology, in the Inband / guradband deployment, when the second channel is transmitted through the DL spectrum, the downlink signal of the communication system (such as the NR system) will interfere with the second channel; when the second channel is transmitted through the UL spectrum, the uplink signal of the communication system will interfere with the second channel. Correspondingly, the second channel will also interfere with the downlink signal or uplink signal of the communication system, affecting the signal transmission of the communication system. In addition, the interference also includes the impact of the backscattered double-sideband signal on the user equipment in the communication system. In topology 2, if the base station manages multiple intermediate nodes, interference will also occur between the multiple intermediate nodes. The transmission from one environmental power supply device to an intermediate node will interfere with the transmission of another environmental power supply device to another intermediate node.

[0094] The second channel includes a fourth sequence (also called a timing signal) for indicating the start time of the second channel or for obtaining timing. The second channel may also include data / control information, a fifth sequence (also called a midamble or synchronization signal) for synchronization, and a sixth sequence (also called a postamble) for synchronization or indicating the end time of the second channel.

[0095] In this embodiment, the device (base station or intermediate node) receiving the second channel is referred to as the first reading node (or network-side device). In topology 1, the reading node is the gNB, and in topology 2, the reading node is the intermediate node. In the presence of multiple readers (multiple devices receiving transmissions from the ambient power supply device), the reading node receiving the second channel is referred to as the first reading node, and the other reading nodes are referred to as second reading nodes.

[0096] Factors involved in the transmission power of the second channel may include one or more of the following: the reception power P0 required by the first reading node to detect the second channel, channel quality, interference amount, communication parameters of the second channel, and power adjustment amount.

[0097] In some embodiments, the transmit power of the second channel is determined based on the receive power required by the first reading node to detect the second channel. Specifically, the receive power required by the first reading node to detect the second channel is determined based on one of the following methods: directly determining the receive power required by the first reading node to detect the second channel according to a preset configuration, i.e., directly providing the required receive power value; determining the receive power required by the environmental energy supply device to detect the first channel according to the type of the environmental energy supply device according to a preset configuration, for example, device type device 1 corresponds to one receive power, and device type device 2a corresponds to another receive power; or determining the receive power required by the first reading node to detect the second channel according to a preset configuration based on communication parameters of the second channel, wherein the communication parameters include at least one of the following: chip rate, number of bits, time domain and / or frequency domain resource size, frequency, or modulation mode, for example, frequency 1 corresponds to one receive power, and frequency 2 corresponds to another receive power. The preset configuration may be a value or calculation method predefined by a communication protocol or communication standard. The aforementioned receive power P0 required for detecting the second channel can be preconfigured within the ambient energy supply device or sent by the first reading node to the ambient energy supply device (configured and sent by the first reading node, or sent to the first reading node via another reading node and then sent to the ambient energy supply device). For topology 2, the base station can configure one or more values ​​for the first intermediate node. This is because the gNB has greater management capabilities due to the presence of other intermediate nodes and legacy NR (or other communication system) UEs within its coverage area. The first intermediate node can send the value to the ambient energy supply device.

[0098] In some embodiments, the transmit power of the second channel is determined based on channel quality. Channel quality may also be referred to as path loss. For example, the transmit power of the second channel may be the sum of P0 and f(PL), where P0 is the received power and f(PL) is a function of channel quality.

[0099] In one scenario, the environmental energy supply device receives a measurement result of the channel quality of a previous signal from the environmental energy supply device, measured by the first reading node. The first reading node performs a measurement based on the signal from the environmental energy supply device (e.g., the second channel) and notifies the environmental energy supply device of the measurement result. Alternatively, the second reading node performs a measurement based on the signal from the environmental energy supply device (e.g., the second channel) and notifies the first reading node of the measurement result, which in turn notifies the environmental energy supply device of the measurement result. For device type device 2a, the first reader can measure the path loss based on the backscattered signal, using a similar method as described for the transmit power of the first channel in the method shown in FIG7 . The environmental energy supply device determines the channel quality based on the measurement result, i.e., determines the transmit power of the second channel based on the measurement result. If the environmental energy supply device is being activated / selected for the first time, has just entered the coverage area of ​​the second reading node, or is communicating with the second reading node for the first time, the second reading node cannot perform a measurement based on the signal from the environmental energy supply device. In this case, a reference value for the measurement result can be predefined in the communication protocol, and the environmental energy supply device determines the transmit power of the second channel based on this reference value. In topology 2, the base station can configure the measurement result reference value to the first reading node, which acts as an intermediate node. The first reading node then sends the reference value to the ambient energy supply device. The measurement value can be RSRP, RSSI, SINR, and / or RSRQ in the A-IoT system.

[0100] In another case, the environmental energy supply device measures the first channel from the first reading node. In this case, the environmental energy supply device has measurement capabilities, such as device type device 2b. The environmental energy supply device receives a signal (such as a first signal) from the first reader for measurement, and determines the channel quality based on the measurement result, thereby determining the transmission power of the second channel. If the environmental energy supply device is activated / selected for the first time, has just entered the coverage area of ​​the first reading node, or is communicating with the first reading node for the first time, the environmental energy supply device cannot perform measurements based on the signal from the first reading node. In this case, a measurement result reference value can be predefined in the communication protocol, and the environmental energy supply device determines the transmission power of the second channel according to this reference value.

[0101] In another embodiment, the environmental energy supply device receives a measurement result of a channel quality of a signal received from the first reading node by a carrier transmitting node, where the carrier transmitting node is used to supply energy to the environmental energy supply device or to generate a backscattered signal. A CW node is typically located closer to the environmental energy supply device. The CW node can receive the signal from the first reading node to assist in measuring path loss and provide feedback to the environmental energy supply device.

[0102] Due to the low mobility of the environmental energy supply device, in the above scheme, the first reading node, the second reading node and the environmental energy supply device do not need to measure and / or report the channel quality in real time. For example, measurement and / or reporting can be performed periodically, and the size of the period can be predefined or configured by the relevant device. For example, in topology 2, the base station can configure the period to the first / second reading node. Alternatively, the measurement and / or reporting can also be conditionally triggered (non-periodic), for example, when the environmental energy supply device is activated / selected X times in a row (X is greater than 1, for example, X=2), the first reading node, the second reading node or the environmental energy supply device performs a measurement and / or report.

[0103] In some embodiments, the transmit power of the second channel is determined based on the amount of interference. The amount of interference may include one or more of the following: interference of the CW carrier, interference of other downlink signals in the communication system (for example, PDSCH, PDCCH, downlink reference signal in NR or 6G system), interference of other uplink signals in the communication system (for example, PUSCH, PUCCH, uplink reference signal in NR or 6G system). The measurement of the amount of interference can be based on parameters such as SINR or RSRP in the A-IoT system. The communication system can be a new air interface (NR) system or other communication system that applies the A-IoT mechanism.

[0104] In one embodiment, the environmental energy supply device measures an amount of interference from the downlink signal or the uplink signal. In this embodiment, the environmental energy supply device has measurement capabilities, such as device type device 2b. The environmental energy supply device measures interference from the downlink signal or the uplink signal in the communication system, and determines the transmit power of the second channel based on the amount of interference.

[0105] In another case, the environmental power supply device receives the interference amount measured by the carrier transmitting node. For example, some environmental power supply devices do not have measurement capabilities. Typically, the CW node is close to the environmental power supply device. In an inband / guardband deployment, the CW node measures interference from the downlink or uplink signal of the communication system and sends the interference amount to the environmental power supply device.

[0106] In another scenario, the environmental energy supply device receives the interference amount measured by the first reading node. The first reading node measures interference from the communication system and sends the interference amount to the environmental energy supply device. In topology 2, the gNB can send the interference amount to the first reading node, which then sends the interference amount to the environmental energy supply device. If the gNB manages multiple reading nodes, the other reading nodes can also send interference amounts to the gNB. This interference amount indicates the interference caused by the first reading node to the other reading nodes.

[0107] In another case, the environmental energy supply device determines the interference amount based on a preset interference amount value, that is, one or more interference amounts are predefined according to a communication protocol, and the environmental energy supply device determines the interference amount and the transmission power of the second channel accordingly.

[0108] In another scenario, the environmental energy supply device receives interference measurements from a base station or user equipment. In an inband / guardband deployment, the UE or gNB sends the interference measurement to the first reading node. The first reading node sends the interference measurement to the environmental energy supply device. This is because the double-sideband signal of the second channel or backscattered signal can also interfere with the downlink or uplink signals of the communication system. The UE or gNB measures the interference measurement based on the double-sideband signal of the second channel or backscattered signal and sends the interference measurement to the first reading node. In topology 2, the UE or gNB can also send the interference measurement to the second reading node, which in turn sends the interference measurement to the first reading node.

[0109] In some embodiments, the transmit power of the second channel is determined based on communication parameters of the second channel, wherein the communication parameters of the second channel include at least one of the following: chip rate, number of bits, or time domain and / or frequency domain resource size.

[0110] In some embodiments, the transmit power of the second channel is determined based on the power adjustment amount. Specifically, the power adjustment amount can be determined based on the following method: the environmental energy supply device receives the power adjustment amount sent by the first reading node, the second reading node, the carrier transmitting node or the user equipment. That is, the first reading node, the second reading node, the CW node or the user equipment sends the power adjustment amount to the environmental energy supply device based on the aforementioned interference measurement amount (for example, via the first reading node). Alternatively, the first reading node or the second reading node can determine the power adjustment amount based on the detection performance and the channel quality. It should be understood that each node can also determine the power adjustment amount and send it to the environmental energy supply device in other ways, and the specific method of determining the power adjustment amount is not limited in this application.

[0111] Due to the low mobility of the ambient energy supply device, in the above solution, the first reading node, the second reading node, the CW node, and the user equipment do not need to send the power adjustment amount in real time. For example, the transmission can be periodic, and the period size can be predefined or configured by the relevant device. Alternatively, the transmission of the power adjustment amount can also be conditionally triggered (non-periodic), for example, when the ambient energy supply device is activated / selected X times in a row (X is greater than 1, for example, X = 2), the first reading node, the second reading node, or the ambient energy supply device performs a measurement and / or reports.

[0112] Similarly, the environmental energy supply device does not need to redetermine the transmit power based on the above method each time before sending the second channel. The environmental energy supply device can adjust the transmit power periodically, and the size of the period can be predefined or configured by the relevant node. In addition, the minimum transmit power and / or maximum transmit power of the first channel can also be defined. The minimum transmit power and / or maximum transmit power can be predefined by the protocol. The minimum transmit power and / or maximum transmit power can also be related to the frequency and bandwidth. Different frequencies support different minimum transmit powers and / or maximum transmit powers, and different bandwidths support different minimum transmit powers and / or maximum transmit powers. When the transmit power calculated according to the above method exceeds this maximum / minimum transmit power, the actual transmit power is determined according to this maximum / minimum transmit power. That is, if the transmit power determined based on the above method is greater than the maximum transmit power, the second channel is transmitted according to this maximum transmit power; if the transmit power determined based on the above method is less than the minimum transmit power, the second channel is transmitted according to this minimum transmit power.

[0113] Through this method, it is possible to effectively control the power of the second channel sent by the environmental energy supply device to the first reader under the A-IoT mechanism, while taking into account transmission energy saving while ensuring transmission quality.

[0114] Figure 9 is a schematic flow chart illustrating a method for controlling the power of a carrier transmitted by a carrier transmitting node according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in Figure 9 , the method includes operation S301: determining the transmit power of a carrier; and operation S302: transmitting the carrier to an environmental energy supply device based on the transmit power. The carrier in this method is the CW carrier described above.

[0115] The carrier wave (CW) is used to power ambient energy devices (e.g., device 1 / 2a) or to generate backscatter signals (e.g., device 2b). CW power control is important for the following reasons: The CW transmit power affects the transmit power of the backscatter signal; CW interferes with other signals in the communication system (e.g., NR), known as cross-link interference; other signals in the communication system interfere with the backscatter signal; as previously mentioned, CW interferes with transmissions from the read node to the ambient energy device; and as a power source for energy storage, CW power affects charging efficiency.

[0116] Factors involved in the CW transmission power may include one or more of the following: the transmission power or reception power of the second channel (backscatter signal), the channel quality of the CW, the power adjustment amount, the communication parameters of the CW, and the charging efficiency.

[0117] In some embodiments, the transmit power of the carrier is determined based on the transmit power or receive power of the backscattered signal. Specifically, the transmit power of the carrier is determined based on one of the following methods: directly determining the transmit power of the carrier according to a preset configuration, i.e., directly providing a required transmit power value; determining the transmit power of the carrier according to the type of the ambient power supply device according to a preset configuration, for example, device type device 1 corresponds to one transmit power value, and device type device 2a corresponds to another transmit power value; or determining the receive power required for the first reading node to detect the second channel according to a preset configuration based on communication parameters of the second channel, wherein the communication parameters include at least one of the following: chip rate, number of bits, time domain and / or frequency domain resource size, frequency, or modulation mode, for example, frequency 1 corresponds to one receive power value, and frequency 2 corresponds to another receive power value. The preset configuration may be a value or calculation method predefined by a communication protocol or communication standard. For topology 2, the base station may send a first parameter to the carrier transmitting node (S303), where the first parameter includes a parameter for determining the CW transmit power, for example, the transmit power or receive power of the second channel. This is because the gNB has greater management capabilities due to the presence of other intermediate nodes and legacy NR UEs within its coverage area. The gNB can also send the first parameter to the intermediate node, which then notifies the CW node of the first parameter (for situations where the CW node is outside the topology).

[0118] In some embodiments, the carrier's transmit power is determined based on the channel quality. Channel quality can also be referred to as path loss. For example, the CW transmit power can be the sum of P0 and f(PL), where P0 is the received power and f(PL) is a function of the channel quality.

[0119] Among them, for the case where the CW node is within the topology structure, the carrier sending node measures the signal from the environmental power supply device and determines the channel quality based on the measurement result; the carrier sending node obtains the measurement result of the signal from the environmental power supply device via the second reading node, and determines the channel quality based on the measurement result. For details, please refer to the method for obtaining the channel quality of the first channel in the method described in Figure 7.

[0120] In addition, for the case where the CW node is outside the topology structure, it can be determined based on one of the following methods: the carrier transmitting node obtains the measurement result of the environmental energy supply device on the signal from the carrier transmitting node, and determines the channel quality based on the measurement result; the carrier transmitting node obtains the channel quality via the first reader; the carrier transmitting node obtains the channel quality via the base station. Specifically, for the case where the environmental energy supply device has measurement capability, the environmental energy supply device receives the signal from the CW node for measurement, and sends the measurement result or channel quality to the first reading node or the second reading node. The first reading node or the second reading node sends the measurement result or channel quality to the CW node. The CW node determines the CW transmission power based on the measurement result or channel quality. For the case where the environmental energy supply device does not have measurement capability, the reading node indicates the channel quality to the CW node, and the reading node can measure the path loss between the CW node via the environmental energy supply device and the reading node. In addition, in the scenario of topology structure 2, the base station can indicate the channel quality to the CW node.

[0121] Due to the low mobility of the ambient energy supply device, in the above solution, the base station, reading node, or ambient energy supply device does not need to measure and / or indicate channel quality in real time. For example, measurements and / or indications can be performed periodically, and the period length can be predefined or configured by the relevant device. Alternatively, the measurement and / or indication can be conditionally triggered (non-periodic), for example, when the ambient energy supply device is activated / selected X times in a row (X is greater than 1, for example, X = 2), the base station, reading node, or ambient energy supply device performs a measurement and / or indication.

[0122] In some embodiments, the transmit power of the carrier is determined based on an amount of interference. The amount of interference includes interference of the carrier with other signals in the communication system (e.g., PDSCH, PDCCH, downlink reference signal, PUSCH, PUCCH, uplink reference signal in NR or 6G systems), interference of backscattered double-sideband signals with other signals in the communication system, or interference of backscattered double-sideband signals with signals between an environmental power supply device and a first reader. The communication system may be a New Radio (NR) system or other communication system using an A-IoT mechanism.

[0123] When a carrier is transmitted in the downlink frequency band, the interference amount is determined based on one of the following methods: the carrier transmitting node receives interference of the carrier measured by a user equipment, or interference of a backscattered double-sideband signal measured by the user equipment; the carrier transmitting node receives interference of the carrier on transmissions from the first reader to the environment power supply device measured by the environment power supply device; or the carrier transmitting node receives interference of the carrier on transmissions from the environment power supply device to the first reader measured by the first reader. Specifically, the UE may measure CW interference or backscattered double-sideband signal interference and indicate the interference amount to the CW node (if the CW node is outside the topology) or the reading node (the first reading node or the second reading node). When the UE sends the interference amount to the first reading node, the first reading node in turn sends the interference amount to the CW node. When the UE sends the interference amount to the second reading node, the second reading node indicates the interference amount to the first reading node, which in turn sends the interference amount to the CW node. Alternatively, in topology 2, the UE may send the interference amount to the gNB, which in turn indicates the interference amount to the reading node or the CW node. In addition, if the ambient power supply device has measurement capabilities, the ambient power supply device measures the interference of the CW on the transmission direction of the reading node to the ambient power supply device and sends the interference amount to the CW node, as shown in Configuration 1 and Configuration 3 in Figure 5. In addition, the reading node can measure the interference of the CW on the D2R signal and notify the CW node.

[0124] When the carrier is transmitted in the uplink frequency band, the interference amount is determined based on one of the following methods: the carrier transmitting node receives interference from the carrier measured by a base station, or interference from a backscattered double-sideband signal measured by the base station; the carrier transmitting node receives interference from the carrier on transmissions from the first reader to the environment power supply device measured by the environment power supply device; or the carrier transmitting node receives interference from the carrier on transmissions from the environment power supply device to the first reader measured by the reader. Specifically, the gNB may measure CW interference or backscattered double-sideband signal interference and indicate the interference amount to the CW node (if the CW node is outside the topology) or the reading node (the first reading node or the second reading node). When the gNB sends the interference amount to the reading node, the reading node then sends the interference amount to the CW node. Furthermore, if the environment power supply device has measurement capabilities, the environment power supply device may measure CW interference in the direction of transmission from the reading node to the environment power supply device and send the interference amount to the CW node, as in Configurations 1 and 3 in Figure 6. In addition, the reading node can measure the interference of the CW to the D2R signal and inform the CW node.

[0125] In some embodiments, the transmit power of the carrier is determined based on a power adjustment amount. The power adjustment amount is determined in the following manner: the carrier transmitting node receives a power adjustment amount determined by the ambient power supply device, wherein the ambient power supply device determines the power adjustment amount based on the transmit power of the backscattered signal. The ambient power supply device determines the power adjustment amount based on the transmit power of the backscattered signal and sends the CW power adjustment amount directly to the CW node or via a reading node. Alternatively, based on the above-mentioned interference amount method, each relevant node may indicate a power adjustment amount to the CW node based on the interference amount.

[0126] In some embodiments, when the carrier carries data or control information, the transmission power of the carrier is determined based on the communication parameters of the carrier, wherein the communication parameters of the carrier include at least one of the following: code chip rate, number of bits, or time domain and / or frequency domain resource size.

[0127] In some embodiments, the carrier's transmit power is determined based on the distance between the carrier's transmitting node and the ambient energy device. This distance affects charging efficiency: longer distances result in slower charging, while closer distances result in faster charging. The reading node or gNb sends the ambient energy device's location (distance) to the CW, and the CW node adjusts its transmit power based on the ambient energy device's location.

[0128] In addition, the minimum and / or maximum transmit power of the CW can also be defined. The minimum and / or maximum transmit power can be predefined by the protocol and can also be related to the frequency and bandwidth. Different frequencies support different minimum and / or maximum transmit powers, and different bandwidths support different minimum and / or maximum transmit powers. When the transmit power calculated according to the above method exceeds this maximum / minimum transmit power, the actual transmit power is determined according to this maximum / minimum transmit power. That is, if the transmit power determined based on the above method is greater than the maximum transmit power, the CW is transmitted at this maximum transmit power; if the transmit power determined based on the above method is less than the minimum transmit power, the CW is transmitted at this minimum transmit power.

[0129] CW can be sent as a broadcast or multicast signal, meaning that multiple ambient power devices need to receive the same CW. However, the backscatter signals from different ambient power devices may require different transmit power, path loss, and interference. Therefore, among the factors affecting transmit power, CW nodes can determine transmit power based on feedback from multiple ambient power devices.

[0130] Through this method, the power of the CW carrier under the A-IoT mechanism can be effectively controlled, and transmission energy saving can be taken into account while ensuring transmission quality.

[0131] Figure 10 is a flow chart of a method for power biasing a channel from a reader to an environmental energy supply device according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in Figure 10, the method includes operation S401: determining the power of a first sequence (e.g., a preamble) sent by the reader to the environmental energy supply device; and operation S402: determining a first power bias of a control or data signal (Control+Data) relative to the first sequence, and determining the power of the control or data signal according to the first power bias. Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of the timing of signals sent by the reader to the environmental energy supply device. In the A-IoT system, the receiver of the first channel / signal is a terminal, the first channel / signal does not include CW, and the sender of the first channel / signal can be a base station or an intermediate node. The first channel / signal includes a first sequence (also called a timing signal), which is used to determine the start time of the first channel / signal or to obtain timing. The first channel / signal may also include data and / or control information, a second sequence (also called a midamble or synchronization signal) for synchronization, and a third sequence (also called a postamble) for synchronization or determining the end time of the first channel / signal.

[0132] The first power offset is determined based on one of the following methods: the first power offset is determined based on a preset power offset value; the first power offset is determined based on the chip rate, length, time domain and / or frequency domain resource size, or modulation mode of the control or data signal; or the reader receives the first power offset determined by the environmental energy supply device. Specifically, one or more power offsets may be predefined, and the default power offset may be 0 dB. In addition, the power offset may be related to the chip rate, length, time domain and / or frequency domain resource size, or modulation mode of the control or data signal. For example, a higher power offset may be used when the chip rate is high. In addition, the reading node may determine the power offset based on the chip rate, length, time domain and / or frequency domain resource size, or modulation mode of the control or data signal. In addition, the environmental energy supply device may assist in the selection, that is, assist the reading node in determining the power offset based on the received power or demodulation and decoding performance.

[0133] There is a gap between the control or data signal and the first sequence for power adjustment. The length of the gap can be predefined, for example, the length of the gap is related to the adjustment time of the amplifier multiple. The length of the gap can also include the power-on time, specifically the sum of the time required for the signal to go from a low level to a high level (for example, 1 microsecond) and the waiting time before sending the signal (for example, 2500 microseconds). Or it is necessary to add an additional power adjustment duration on the basis of the existing gap (for processing synchronization). The control or data signal and the first sequence can be on the same channel or on different channels.

[0134] This embodiment does not limit the method for obtaining the transmit power of the first sequence; it can be based on the embodiments described above in the present invention. In some embodiments, the method shown in Figure 10 may further include: determining the power of an activation signal sent by the reader to the ambient energy supply device, the activation signal being used to activate the ambient energy supply device; and determining a second power offset of the first sequence relative to the activation signal, and determining the power of the first sequence based on the second power offset. The second power offset is determined based on one of the following methods: a preset power offset value; or the length, format, and / or chip rate of the first sequence. Before determining the power of the first sequence, the power of the activation signal (D2R) is determined. The power of the activation signal can be determined with reference to the formula for determining the transmit power of the first channel shown in Figure 7 and will not be further described here. One or more second power offset values ​​can be predefined, and the default power offset can be 0 dB. The second power offset can be related to the length, format, and chip rate of the first sequence. Alternatively, the reading node can determine the power offset based on the length and format of the first sequence.

[0135] There is a gap between the Preamble and the activation signal for power adjustment, and the length of the gap can be predefined.

[0136] Through this method, the power of R2D signals under the A-IoT mechanism can be effectively controlled, and transmission energy saving can be taken into account while ensuring transmission quality.

[0137] Figure 12 is a flow chart illustrating a method for power offsetting a channel from an ambient energy supply device to a reader according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in Figure 12 , the method includes operation S501: determining the power of a fourth sequence (e.g., preamble) transmitted by the ambient energy supply device to the reader; and operation S502: determining a third power offset of a control and / or data signal (Control+Data) relative to the fourth sequence, and determining the power of the data signal based on the third power offset. Figure 13 is a schematic diagram of the timing of signals transmitted by the ambient energy supply device to the reader. In an A-IoT system, the recipient of the second channel / signal can be a base station or an intermediate node. The second channel / signal includes a fourth sequence (also known as a timing signal), which is used to determine the start time of the second channel / signal or to obtain timing. The second channel / signal may also include data / control information, a fifth sequence (also known as a midamble or synchronization signal) for synchronization, and a sixth sequence (also known as a postamble) for synchronization or determining the end time of the second channel / signal.

[0138] The third power offset is determined based on one of the following methods: the third power offset is determined based on a preset power offset value; the third power offset is determined based on the chip rate, length, time domain and / or frequency domain resource size, or modulation scheme of the data signal; the environmental energy supply device receives the third power offset determined by the reader, wherein the third power offset is transmitted via control information. Specifically, one or more power offsets may be predefined, and a default power offset may be 0 dB. Furthermore, the power offset may be related to the chip rate, length, time domain and / or frequency domain resource size, or modulation scheme of the control or data signal; for example, a higher power offset may be used when the chip rate is high. Furthermore, the reading node may indicate the power offset in the control information. Furthermore, the environmental energy supply device may determine the power offset based on the chip rate, length, time domain and / or frequency domain resource size, or modulation scheme of the control or data signal.

[0139] There is a gap between the control and / or data signal and the fourth sequence, which is used for power adjustment. The length of the gap can be predefined, for example, the length of the gap is related to the adjustment time of the amplifier factor. The length of the gap can also include the power-on time, specifically the sum of the time required for the signal to go from a low level to a high level and the waiting time before sending the signal. Alternatively, an additional power adjustment time may be required based on the existing gap (used for processing synchronization).

[0140] This embodiment does not limit the method for obtaining the transmit power of the fourth sequence, and can be based on the embodiments described above in this application. In some embodiments, the method shown in Figure 12 may also include: determining the power of the activation signal; and determining a fourth power offset between the fourth sequence and the activation signal, wherein the activation signal is used to activate the environmental energy supply device. The fourth power offset is determined based on one of the following methods: the fourth power offset is determined based on a preset power offset value; or the fourth power offset is determined based on the length, format, and / or chip rate of the fourth sequence. Before determining the power of the fourth sequence, the power of the activation signal (R2D) is first determined. The power of the activation signal can be determined with reference to the formula for determining the transmit power of the first channel shown in Figure 7, and will not be further described here. One or more fourth power offset values ​​can be predefined, and the default power offset can be 0 dB. The fourth power offset can be related to the length, format, and chip rate of the fourth sequence. Alternatively, the reading node can determine the power offset based on the length and format of the fourth sequence.

[0141] There is a gap between the fourth sequence and the activation signal for power adjustment, and the length of the gap may be predefined.

[0142] Through this method, the power of D2R signals under the A-IoT mechanism can be effectively controlled, and transmission energy saving can be taken into account while ensuring transmission quality.

[0143] In addition, the present application also provides a power control method for other signals in a communication system (such as an NR system). Other signals in the communication system may interfere with the aforementioned D2R or R2D signals. By controlling the transmit power of these signals, the interference with the D2R or R2D signals can be reduced.

[0144] The method comprises the following steps:

[0145] Step 1: The reading node, CW node (if capable of measurement), or ambient power supply device (if capable of measurement) measures the interference of the communication system's uplink / downlink signals on the D2R or R2D signals. For example, the SINR in the A-IoT system and the RSRP of the interference signal are measured. Specifically, when D2R or R2D is in the downlink spectrum, the reading node, CW node, or ambient power supply device can measure the interference of the downlink signal. When D2R or R2D is in the uplink spectrum, the reading node, CW node, or ambient power supply device can measure the interference of the uplink signal. This embodiment can introduce a measurement window, and perform interference measurement within the measurement window. During the measurement window, R2D, D2R, and CW signals are not transmitted. The measurement window can be configured by the gNB. The measurement windows for the uplink spectrum and the downlink frequency domain can be different.

[0146] Step 2: The reading node or CW node sends an indication to the gNB. The indication includes information about the amount of interference or whether power reduction is required. The indication may also indicate whether downlink or uplink power adjustment is required. The indication may be provided via existing NR signals, such as uplink control information (UCI) or PUSCH.

[0147] Step 3: The gNB or UE adjusts the transmit power of the downlink or uplink signal based on the indication information. When the indication information indicates that the downlink signal power needs to be adjusted, the gNB adjusts the transmit power of the downlink signal. When the indication information indicates that the uplink signal power needs to be adjusted, the gNB can send transmit power control information (TPC) to the UE based on the indication information. The UE adjusts the power according to the existing NR power control method based on the TPC.

[0148] [Corrected 16.04.2024 according to Rule 91] Figure 14 is a schematic block diagram of a communication device 600 provided in an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 14, the communication device 600 includes a processor 601 and a memory 602, and the processor 601 and the memory 602 are communicatively connected. The communication device 600 can be, for example but not limited to, a reader (such as a base station or an intermediate node), a carrier transmission node, an environmental energy supply device, etc. In some embodiments, the communication device 600 may also include a transceiver for sending / receiving data, or only include a transmission circuit for sending data, or only include a receiving circuit for receiving data. The memory 602 of the communication device 600 is used to store program instructions, which can be executed by the processor 601 to implement the wireless communication method described in any of the foregoing embodiments, namely, the power control method of the first channel received by any of the aforementioned environmental power supply devices, the power control method of the second channel sent by the environmental power supply device, the power control method of the carrier sent by the carrier sending node, the power bias method of the channel from the reader to the environmental power supply device, or the power bias method of the channel from the environmental power supply device to the reader.

[0149] It should be understood that the processor of the embodiment of the present application may be an integrated circuit chip with signal processing capabilities. During implementation, each step of the above method embodiment may be completed by hardware integrated logic circuits in the processor or software instructions.

[0150] It is understood that the memory in the embodiments of the present application may be volatile memory or non-volatile memory, or may include both volatile and non-volatile memory. It should be noted that the memory of the systems and methods described herein is intended to include, but is not limited to, these and any other suitable types of memory. The embodiments of the present application also provide a computer-readable storage medium for storing a computer program.

[0151] Optionally, the computer-readable storage medium may be applied to the communication device in the embodiments of the present application, and the computer program enables the computer to execute the corresponding processes implemented by the communication device in the various methods of the embodiments of the present application. For the sake of brevity, they are not described in detail here. Optionally, the computer-readable storage medium may be applied to the reader, environmental energy supply device or carrier transmitting node in any embodiment of the present application, and the computer program enables the computer to execute the processes implemented by the access point in the various methods of the embodiments of the present application. For the sake of brevity, they are not described in detail here. Optionally, the computer-readable storage medium may be applied to the reader, environmental energy supply device or carrier transmitting node in any embodiment of the present application, and the computer program enables the computer to execute the processes implemented by the reader, environmental energy supply device or carrier transmitting node in the various methods of the embodiments of the present application. For the sake of brevity, they are not described in detail here.

[0152] An embodiment of the present application also provides a computer program product, including computer program instructions.

[0153] Optionally, the computer program product can be applied to the communication device in the embodiments of the present application, and the computer program instructions enable the computer to execute the corresponding processes implemented by the communication device (reader, environmental power supply device or carrier sending node) in the various methods of the embodiments of the present application. For the sake of brevity, they will not be repeated here.

[0154] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the units and algorithm steps of each example described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are performed in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Professional and technical personnel can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of this application.

[0155] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present application, but the scope of protection of the present application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present application should be included in the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present application should be based on the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for controlling power of a first channel received by an ambient energy supply device, performed by a first reading node, comprising: determining a transmit power of the first channel; as well as transmitting the first channel to an ambient energy supply device based on the transmission power; The first reading node is a base station or an intermediate node.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein The transmission power of the first channel is determined based on the reception power required by the environmental energy supply device to detect the first channel.

3. The method according to claim 2, wherein: The received power required by the environmental energy supply device to detect the first channel is determined based on one of the following methods: According to a preset configuration, directly determining the receiving power required by the environmental energy supply device to detect the first channel; Determining, according to a preset configuration and based on the type of the environmental energy supply device, the received power required by the environmental energy supply device to detect the first channel; or According to the preset configuration, the receiving power required for the environmental energy supply device to detect the first channel is determined based on the communication parameters of the first channel, wherein the communication parameters include at least one of the following: code rate, number of bits, time domain and / or frequency domain resource size, frequency or modulation method. The method of claim 1 , wherein the transmit power of the first channel is determined based on channel quality.

5. The method according to claim 4, wherein: The channel quality is determined based on one of the following methods: The first reading node measures a second channel from the environmental energy supply device and obtains a measurement result, and determines the channel quality according to the measurement result of the second channel; The first reading node obtains a measurement result of a second channel from the environmental energy supply device via a second reading node, and determines the channel quality according to the measurement result of the second channel, wherein the second reading node is a node receiving transmissions from the environmental energy supply device; The first reading node receives a measurement result of the channel quality of a signal previously sent by the first reading node by the environment energy supply device; or The first reading node receives a measurement result of a channel quality of a signal received from the first reading node by a carrier transmitting node, wherein the carrier transmitting node is used to supply power to the environmental power supply device or to generate a backscatter signal.

6. The method of claim 4, wherein: The first reading node measures or receives the channel quality according to a preset period; or The first reading node measures or receives the channel quality according to a preset condition.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein the transmit power of the first channel is determined based on an amount of interference.

8. The method as claimed in claim 7, wherein the interference amount includes the interference amount generated by the signal sent by the carrier sending node, the interference amount generated by the downlink signal, or the interference amount generated by the uplink signal, and the signal sent by the carrier sending node is used to supply power to the environmental power supply device or to generate a backscattered signal.

9. The method of claim 8, wherein: The interference amount is determined based on one of the following methods: The first reading node receives the interference amount from the carrier sending node, the interference amount of the downlink signal, or the interference amount of the uplink signal measured by the environmental energy supply device; The first reading node receives the interference amount of the downlink signal or the interference amount of the uplink signal measured by the carrier sending node; The first reading node is an intermediate node, and the first reading node receives the interference amount sent by the base station or the interference amount sent by other reading nodes; determining the interference amount based on a preset interference amount value; The amount of interference received from user equipment or base stations; or The first reading node measures the interference amount of the downlink signal and / or the uplink signal.

10. The method of claim 1, wherein the transmit power of the first channel is determined based on a communication parameter of the first channel, wherein: The communication parameters of the first channel include at least one of the following: a chip rate, a number of bits, or a time domain and / or frequency domain resource size. The method of claim 1 , wherein the transmit power of the first channel is determined based on a power adjustment amount.

12. The method of claim 11, wherein the power adjustment amount is determined based on: The first reading node receives the power adjustment value sent by the environmental energy supply device, the carrier sending node or the user equipment.

13. The method of claim 11, wherein: The first reading node receives the power adjustment amount according to a preset period; or The first reading node receives the power adjustment amount according to a preset condition.

14. A method for controlling power of a second channel transmitted by an environmental energy supply device, the method being performed by the environmental energy supply device, comprising: determining a transmit power of the second channel; as well as transmitting the second channel to a first reading node based on the transmission power; The first reading node is a base station or an intermediate node.

15. The method of claim 14, wherein: The transmission power of the second channel is determined based on the reception power required by the first reading node to detect the second channel.

16. The method according to claim 15, wherein the receiving power required by the first reading node to detect the second channel is determined based on one of the following methods: According to a preset configuration, directly determining the receiving power required by the environmental energy supply device to detect the first channel; determining, according to a preset configuration and based on the type of the environmental energy supply device, the received power required by the environmental energy supply device to detect the first channel; or According to the preset configuration, the receiving power required for the environmental energy supply device to detect the first channel is determined based on the communication parameters of the first channel, wherein the communication parameters include at least one of the following: code rate, number of bits, time domain and / or frequency domain resource size, frequency or modulation method.

17. The method of claim 14, wherein: The transmission power of the second channel is determined based on channel quality.

18. The method of claim 17, wherein: The channel quality is determined based on one of the following methods: The environment power supply device receives a measurement result of a channel quality of a previous signal from the environment power supply device measured by the first reading node; The environmental energy supply device measures a first channel from the first reading node; The environment power supply device receives a measurement result of a carrier transmitting node on a channel quality of a signal received from the first reading node, wherein the carrier transmitting node is used to supply power to the environment power supply device or to generate a backscatter signal.

19. The method of claim 18, wherein: The first reading node measures or receives channel quality according to a preset period; or The first reading node measures or receives channel quality according to preset conditions.

20. The method of claim 14, wherein: The transmission power of the second channel is determined based on the amount of interference.

21. The method of claim 20, wherein: The interference amount includes the interference amount generated by the signal sent by the carrier sending node, the interference amount generated by the downlink signal, or the interference amount generated by the uplink signal, wherein the signal sent by the carrier sending node is used to supply power to the environmental power supply device or to generate a backscattered signal.

22. The method of claim 21, wherein: The interference amount is determined based on one of the following methods: The environmental energy supply device measures the interference amount of the downlink signal or the uplink signal; The environmental energy supply device receives the interference amount measured by the carrier sending node; The environmental energy supply device receives the interference amount measured by the first reading node; The environmental energy supply device determines the interference amount based on a preset interference amount value; The environmental energy supply device receives the interference amount measured by the base station or the user equipment.

23. The method of claim 14, wherein the transmit power of the second channel is determined based on a communication parameter of the second channel, wherein: The communication parameters of the second channel include at least one of the following: a chip rate, a number of bits, or a time domain and / or frequency domain resource size.

24. The method of claim 14, wherein the transmit power of the second channel is determined based on a power adjustment amount.

25. The method of claim 24, wherein the power adjustment amount is determined based on: The environmental energy supply device receives the power adjustment value sent by the first reading node, the second reading node, the carrier sending node or the user equipment.

26. The method of claim 25, wherein: The environmental energy supply device receives the power adjustment amount according to a preset period; or The environmental energy supply device receives the power adjustment amount according to preset conditions.

27. A method for controlling power of a carrier transmitted by a carrier transmitting node, wherein the carrier is used to supply energy to an environmental energy supply device or to generate a backscattered signal, the method being performed by the carrier transmitting node, comprising: determining a transmit power for the carrier, and The carrier is transmitted to an ambient power supply device based on the transmission power.

28. The method of claim 27, wherein: The transmission power of the carrier is determined based on the transmission power or the reception power of the backscatter signal.

29. The method of claim 28, wherein: The transmit power or receive power of the backscattered signal is determined based on one of the following methods: Determining the transmit power or receive power of the backscattered signal according to the type of the environmental energy supply device in accordance with a preset configuration; or According to the preset configuration, the transmission power or reception power of the backscatter signal is determined according to the communication parameters of the backscatter signal, wherein the communication parameters include at least one of the following: code rate, number of bits, time domain and / or frequency domain resource size, frequency or modulation mode.

30. The method of claim 27, wherein: The transmit power of the carrier is determined based on the channel quality.

31. The method of claim 30, wherein: The channel quality of the carrier is determined based on one of the following methods: The carrier transmitting node measures the signal from the environmental energy supply device and determines the channel quality according to the measurement result; The carrier transmitting node obtains a measurement result of a signal from the environmental energy supply device via a second reading node, and determines the channel quality according to the measurement result; The carrier transmitting node obtains a measurement result of the environmental energy supply device on the signal from the carrier transmitting node, and determines the channel quality according to the measurement result; The carrier sending node obtains the channel quality via a first reader; The carrier sending node obtains the channel quality via a base station.

32. The method of claim 31 , wherein: The carrier sending node measures or receives the channel quality according to a preset period; or The carrier sending node measures or receives the channel quality according to preset conditions.

33. The method of claim 27, wherein: The transmission power of the carrier is determined based on the amount of interference.

34. The method of claim 33, wherein: The interference amount includes interference of the carrier on other signals in the communication system, interference of the backscattered double sideband signal on other signals in the communication system, or interference of the backscattered double sideband signal on the signal between the environmental power supply device and the first reader.

35. The method of claim 34, wherein: When the carrier is transmitted in a downlink frequency band, the interference amount is determined based on one of the following methods: The carrier transmitting node receives interference of the carrier measured by the user equipment, or interference of a backscattered double-sideband signal measured by the user equipment; The carrier transmitting node receives interference of the carrier on transmission from the first reader to the environment power supply device measured by the environment power supply device; or The carrier transmitting node receives interference of the carrier on transmission of the environmental energy supply device to the first reader measured by the first reader.

36. The method of claim 34, wherein: When the carrier is transmitted in an uplink frequency band, the interference amount is determined based on one of the following methods: The carrier transmitting node receives interference of the carrier measured by the base station, or interference of a backscattered double-sideband signal measured by the base station; The carrier transmitting node receives interference of the carrier on transmission from the first reader to the environment power supply device measured by the environment power supply device; or The carrier transmitting node receives interference of the carrier on transmission of the environmental energy supply device to the first reader measured by the reader.

37. The method of claim 27, wherein: The transmit power of the carrier is determined based on the power adjustment amount.

38. The method of claim 37, wherein: The power adjustment amount is determined based on the following method: The carrier transmitting node receives a power adjustment amount determined by the environmental energy supply device, wherein the environmental energy supply device determines the power adjustment amount based on a transmit power of a backscattered signal.

39. The method of claim 27, wherein when the carrier carries data or control information, the transmit power of the carrier is determined based on the communication parameters of the carrier, The communication parameters of the carrier include at least one of the following: chip rate, number of bits, or time domain and / or frequency domain resource size.

40. The method of claim 27, wherein the transmission power of the carrier is determined based on a distance between the carrier transmission node and the environmental energy supply device.

41. The method of claim 27, wherein: When the carrier is sent in a broadcast or multicast manner, the power of the carrier is determined based on feedback from a plurality of environmental energy supply devices.

42. A method for biasing power from a reader to a channel of an ambient power supply device, the method being performed by the reader, wherein: The method comprises: determining the power of a pilot signal sent by the reader to the ambient energy supply device; and A first power offset of a control or data signal relative to the pilot signal is determined, and the power of the control or data signal is determined according to the first power offset.

43. The method of claim 42, wherein: The first power offset is determined based on one of the following methods: The first power offset is determined according to a preset power offset value; The first power offset is determined according to a chip rate, length, time domain and / or frequency domain resource size or modulation mode of the control or data signal; The reader receives the first power bias determined by the ambient power supply device.

44. The method of claim 42, wherein: Also includes: determining the power of an activation signal sent by the reader to the ambient energy supply device; as well as A second power offset of the pilot signal relative to the activation signal is determined, and the power of the pilot signal is determined according to the second power offset.

45. The method of claim 44, wherein: The second power offset is determined based on one of the following methods: Determined according to a preset power bias value; or It is determined according to the length, format and / or chip rate of the pilot signal.

46. ​​A method for biasing power from an ambient power supply device to a channel of a reader, the method being performed by the ambient power supply device, wherein: The method comprises: determining the power of a pilot signal sent by the ambient energy supply device to the reader; and A third power offset of a control or data signal relative to the pilot signal is determined, and the power of the control or data signal is determined according to the third power offset.

47. The method of claim 46, wherein the third power offset is determined based on one of the following: The third power offset is determined according to a preset power offset value; The third power offset is determined according to the chip rate, length, time domain and / or frequency domain resource size or modulation mode of the control or data signal; The ambient energy supply device receives the third power offset determined by the reader, wherein the third power offset is transmitted via control information.

48. The method of claim 46, wherein Also includes: determining the power of the activation signal; as well as A fourth power offset between the preamble signal and the activation signal is determined.

49. The method of claim 48, wherein The fourth power offset is determined based on one of the following methods: The fourth power offset is determined according to a preset power offset value; or The fourth power offset is determined according to the length, format and / or chip rate of the pilot signal.

50. A wireless communication device comprising a processor and a memory, wherein: The memory is used to store program instructions, and when the program instructions are executed by the processor, they are used to implement the method described in any one of claims 1 to 49.

51. A readable storage medium for storing program instructions, wherein: When the program instructions are executed by a processor, they are used to implement the method described in any one of claims 1 to 49.

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