Communication method and communication apparatus

Abstract

The present application provides a communication method and a communication apparatus, which can reduce resource overheads and can be applied to communication systems. The method comprises: a first terminal device acquires a first identifier of each first model among at least one first model, wherein each first model among the at least one first model is a model on the first terminal device; and the first terminal device sends first indication information, wherein the first indication information is used for indicating a first identifier of a second model, the second model being a model on a second terminal device, and the first identifier of the first model among the at least one first model comprising the first identifier of the second model.

Description

Communication method and communication device

[0001] This application claims priority to the Chinese patent application filed with the State Intellectual Property Office on April 3, 2024, with application number 202410417575.7 and application name “Communication Method and Communication Device”, the entire contents of which are incorporated by reference into this application. Technical Field

[0002] The present application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a communication method and a communication device. Background Art

[0003] Artificial intelligence (AI) technology can be applied to communication scenarios. The terminal device can send model information of the model on the terminal device to the network device, and the network device can assign an identifier to the model based on the model information of the model on the terminal device. In the case of multiple terminal devices, each terminal device can send model information of the model to the network device separately, and the network device needs to send an identifier assigned to the model of the terminal device to each terminal device. In this solution, the model information of the same or similar models on different terminal devices will be reported on different terminal devices, which will result in high signaling overhead. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The embodiments of the present application provide a communication method and a communication device, which can reduce signaling overhead.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this application adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] In a first aspect, a communication method is provided. The communication method includes: a first terminal device obtaining a first identifier of each first model in at least one first model. Each first model in the at least one first model is a model on the first terminal device. The first terminal device sends first indication information. The first indication information is used to indicate the first identifier of a second model. The second model is a model on the second terminal device, and the first identifier of the first model in the at least one first model includes the first identifier of the second model.

[0007] Based on the communication method provided in the first aspect, a first terminal device can obtain a first identifier of a first model on the first terminal device and send first indication information, thereby assigning the first identifier to a second model on a second terminal device. This simplifies the process of assigning the identifier of the model to the second terminal device. For example, the second terminal device can be prevented from sending model information to a network device, thereby reducing signaling overhead.

[0008] In one possible implementation, the similarity between the second model and any one of the at least one first model is greater than or equal to a similarity threshold. In this way, models on different terminal devices with similarities greater than or equal to the similarity threshold can be assigned a single model identifier, thereby reducing model identifier redundancy.

[0009] In one possible implementation, obtaining the first identifier of each of the at least one first model by the first terminal device may include: the first terminal device receiving second indication information. The second indication information is used to indicate the first identifier of each of the at least one first model. In this way, the network device can assign the model identifier of the at least one first model, reducing processing complexity on the first terminal device.

[0010] In one possible implementation, the method provided in the first aspect may further include: the first terminal device receiving third indication information. The third indication information is used to indicate the models supported by the second terminal device, where the models supported by the second terminal device include the second model. In this way, the first terminal device can learn the model of the second terminal device, so that the second terminal device can send the first indication information based on the model of the second terminal device, thereby avoiding redundancy of the first indication information and reducing signaling overhead.

[0011] In one possible implementation, the method provided in the first aspect may further include: the first terminal device receiving fourth indication information. The fourth indication information is used to indicate that the first terminal device is a terminal device authorized to obtain a model identifier from the network device, or the fourth indication information is used to instruct the first terminal device to forward the model identifier. This avoids the network device from allocating model identifiers to multiple terminal devices, reduces interaction processes, and thus reduces resource overhead.

[0012] In one possible implementation, the method provided in the first aspect may further include: the first terminal device sending fifth indication information. The fifth indication information is used to indicate the group identifier of the group to which the first terminal device belongs and / or the corresponding manufacturer information. In this way, the network device can obtain terminal devices in the same group or corresponding to the same manufacturer, thereby facilitating the selection of terminal devices for interaction with the network device.

[0013] In one possible implementation, the method provided in the first aspect may further include: when the first condition is met, the first terminal device sends sixth indication information. The sixth indication information is used to indicate the model information of the third model. The first condition includes one or more of the following: the number of training times of the first model in at least one first model reaches the training number threshold, or the location of the first terminal device is outside the applicable scope of the first identifiers of any multiple first models in at least one first model. The first terminal device receives seventh indication information. The seventh indication information is used to indicate the second identifier of the third model. In this way, the model identifier can be updated according to the first condition. When the number of training times of the first model exceeds the number threshold, the model identifier is updated, which can improve the matching degree between the model identifier and the scene. When the location of the first terminal device is within the applicable scope of the first identifier of the first model, the model identifier is updated, which can improve the matching degree between the model identifier and the terminal location and have a wider range of applications. In addition, the model identifier can be updated by the network device, which can reduce the implementation complexity of the terminal device.

[0014] In a possible implementation, the method provided in the first aspect may further include: when the first condition is met, the first terminal device obtains the second identifier of the third model. The first condition includes one or more of the following: the number of training times of the first model in at least one first model reaches the training number threshold, or the location of the first terminal device is outside the applicable scope of the first identifiers of any multiple first models in at least one first model. The first terminal device sends an eighth indication message. The eighth indication message is used to indicate the second identifier of the third model. In this way, the model identifier can be updated according to the first condition. When the number of training times of the first model exceeds the number threshold, the model identifier is updated, which can improve the matching degree between the model identifier and the scene. When the location of the first terminal device is within the applicable scope of the first identifier of the first model, the model identifier is updated, which can improve the matching degree between the model identifier and the terminal location and has a wider scope of application. In addition, the model identifier can be updated by the first terminal device itself, which can simplify the interaction process and further reduce overhead.

[0015] In one possible implementation, the method provided in the first aspect may further include: a first terminal device receiving first configuration information. The first configuration information is used to indicate a method for updating the model identifier. The first terminal device obtaining the second identifier of the third model includes: the first terminal device obtaining the second identifier of the third model according to the update method. In this way, the correspondence between the model identifier and the model can be maintained consistent on the terminal device and the network device, thereby enabling the model management process to be executed smoothly.

[0016] In a possible implementation, the eighth indication information may also be used to indicate the first identifier corresponding to the second identifier of the third model.

[0017] In one possible implementation, if the first condition includes: the number of training times of the first model in at least one first model reaches the training number threshold, then the third model is the first model in at least one first model whose training times reaches the training number threshold. Alternatively, if the first condition includes: the location of the first terminal device is outside the applicable scope of the first identifier of any one of the at least one first model, then the third model is the first model in at least one first model whose applicable scope of the first identifier does not include the location of the first terminal device. Alternatively, if the first condition includes: the number of training times of the first model in at least one first model reaches the training number threshold, and the location of the first terminal device is outside the applicable scope of the first identifier of any one of the at least one first model, then the third model is the first model in at least one first model whose training times reaches the training number threshold, and the scope of applicable scope of the first identifier does not include the location of the first terminal device. That is, the third model is determined based on the first condition, so that the updated model identifier can be made more accurate.

[0018] In one possible implementation, the method provided in the first aspect may further include: the first terminal device receiving second configuration information. The second configuration information is used to indicate the first condition. In this way, the correspondence between the model identifier and the model can be consistent on the terminal device and the network device, thereby enabling the model management process to be executed smoothly.

[0019] In one possible implementation, the method provided in the first aspect may further include: the first terminal device receives third configuration information. The third configuration information is used to indicate one or more of the following: data set identifier, data format, and first data set size. The first terminal device sends fourth configuration information. The fourth configuration information is related to the third configuration information, and the fourth configuration information is used to indicate one or more of the following corresponding to the second terminal device: data set identifier, data format, and second data set size. The second data set size is less than or equal to the first data set size. The first terminal device receives the first data set. The data in the first data set is collected by the second terminal device based on the fourth configuration information. The first terminal device sends the second data set. The second data set is determined based on the first data set and the third data set, and the third data set is collected by the first terminal device based on the third configuration information. In this way, the first terminal device can forward the configuration information used by the second terminal device to collect data, which can reduce resource overhead in the data collection process.

[0020] In a possible implementation, the method provided in the first aspect may further include: determining the second data set based on the first data set and the third data set.

[0021] In one possible implementation, the third configuration information may also be used to indicate a data processing method. The third data set is obtained by processing the first and second data sets using the data processing method. This allows the first terminal device to process the data before uploading, for example, by deleting redundant data, thereby reducing data transmission overhead.

[0022] In a second aspect, a communication method is provided. The communication method includes: a second terminal device receiving first indication information. The first indication information is used to indicate a first identifier of a second model. The second model is a model on the second terminal device, and the first identifier of the first model in at least one first model includes the first identifier of the second model. The second terminal device stores the first identifier of the second model.

[0023] In a possible implementation, the method provided in the second aspect may further include: the second terminal device sending third indication information, wherein the third indication information is used to indicate the models supported by the second terminal device, and the models supported by the second terminal device include the second model.

[0024] In a possible implementation, the method provided in the second aspect may further include: the second terminal device receiving ninth indication information, wherein the ninth indication information is used to indicate that the second terminal device is a terminal device that is not authorized to obtain the model identification from the terminal device.

[0025] In a possible implementation, the method provided in the second aspect may further include: the second terminal device sending tenth indication information, wherein the tenth indication information is used to request allocation of a model identifier for at least one first model.

[0026] In one possible implementation, the method provided in the second aspect may further include: a second terminal device receiving fourth configuration information. The fourth configuration information is related to the third configuration information, where the third configuration information indicates one or more of the following: a data set identifier, a data format, and a first data set size. The fourth configuration information indicates one or more of the following: a data set identifier, a data format, and a second data set size for each second terminal device. The second data set size is less than or equal to the first data set size. The first data set is sent. The data in the first data set is collected by the second terminal device based on the fourth configuration information.

[0027] In addition, the technical effects of the communication method described in the second aspect can refer to the technical effects of the communication method described in the first aspect, and will not be repeated here.

[0028] In a third aspect, a communication method is provided. The communication method includes: a network device sending fourth indication information. The fourth indication information is used to indicate that a first terminal device is a terminal device authorized to obtain a model identifier from the network device, or the fourth indication information is used to instruct the first terminal device to forward the model identifier. The network device sends second indication information. The second indication information is used to indicate the first identifier of each first model in at least one first model. The first identifier of each first model in at least one first model is determined based on the model information of each first model in at least one first model.

[0029] In a possible implementation, the method provided in the third aspect may further include: the network device sending ninth indication information, wherein the ninth indication information is used to indicate that the second terminal device is a terminal device that obtains the model identifier from the terminal device.

[0030] In a possible implementation, the method provided in the third aspect may further include: the network device receiving fifth indication information, wherein the fifth indication information is used to indicate the group identifier of the group to which the first terminal device belongs and / or corresponding manufacturer information.

[0031] In a possible implementation, the method provided in the third aspect may further include: the network device receiving tenth indication information, wherein the tenth indication information is used to request allocation of a model identifier for at least one first model.

[0032] In one possible implementation, the method provided in the third aspect may further include: the network device receives sixth indication information. The sixth indication information is used to indicate model information of the third model. The first condition includes one or more of the following: the number of training times of the first model in at least one first model reaches a training number threshold, or the location of the first terminal device is outside the applicable scope of the first identifier of any multiple first models in at least one first model. The network device sends seventh indication information. The seventh indication information is used to indicate the second identifier of the third model.

[0033] In one possible implementation, the method provided in the third aspect may further include: the network device receives eighth indication information. The eighth indication information is reported by the first terminal device when the first condition is met, and the eighth indication information is used to indicate the second identifier of the third model. The first condition includes one or more of the following: the number of training times of the first model in at least one first model reaches a training number threshold, or the location of the first terminal device is outside the applicable range of the first identifiers of any multiple first models in at least one first model.

[0034] In a possible implementation, the eighth indication information may also be used to indicate the first identifier corresponding to the second identifier of the third model.

[0035] In a possible implementation, the method provided in the third aspect may further include: the network device sending first configuration information, wherein the first configuration information is used to indicate a method for updating the identification of the model.

[0036] In one possible implementation, if the first condition includes: the number of training times of the first model in at least one first model reaches the training number threshold, then the third model is the first model in at least one first model whose number of training times reaches the training number threshold. Alternatively, if the first condition includes: the location of the first terminal device is outside the applicable scope of the first identifier of any one of the at least one first model, then the third model is the first model in at least one first model, where the applicable scope of the first identifier does not include the location of the first terminal device. Alternatively, if the first condition includes: the number of training times of the first model in at least one first model reaches the training number threshold, and the location of the first terminal device is outside the applicable scope of the first identifier of any one of the at least one first model, then the third model is the first model in at least one first model, where the number of training times of the first model reaches the training number threshold, and the location of the first terminal device is outside the applicable scope of the first identifier of any one of the at least one first model, then the third model is the first model in at least one first model, where the number of training times of the first model reaches the training number threshold, and the applicable scope of the first identifier does not include the location of the first terminal device.

[0037] In a possible implementation, the method provided in the third aspect may further include: the network device sending second configuration information, wherein the second configuration information is used to indicate the first condition.

[0038] In one possible implementation, the method provided in the third aspect may further include: the network device sends third configuration information. The third configuration information is used to indicate one or more of the following: data set identifier, data format, and first data set size. The network device receives a second data set. The second data set is determined based on the first data set and the third data set, the first data set is collected by the second terminal device based on fourth configuration information, the fourth configuration information is related to the third configuration information, and the fourth configuration information is used to indicate one or more of the following corresponding to the second terminal device: data set identifier, data format, and second data set size. The size of the second data set is less than or equal to the size of the first data set, and the third data set is collected by the first terminal device based on the third configuration information.

[0039] In one possible implementation, the third configuration information may also be used to indicate a data processing method. The third data set is obtained by processing the first data set and the second data set using the data processing method. Furthermore, the technical effects of the communication method described in the third aspect may refer to the technical effects of the communication method described in the first aspect and are not further elaborated here.

[0040] In a fourth aspect, a communication method is provided. The communication method includes: a first terminal device obtaining a first identifier of each first model in at least one first model. Each first model in the at least one first model is a model on the first terminal device. The first terminal device sends eleventh indication information. The eleventh indication information is used to indicate the first identifier of each first model in the at least one first model.

[0041] Based on the communication method provided in the fourth aspect, the first terminal device can obtain the first identifier of the first model on the first terminal device and send the eleventh indication information, thereby assigning the first identifier to the second model on the second terminal device. In this way, the process of assigning the identifier of the model to the second terminal device can be simplified. For example, the second terminal device can be prevented from sending model information to the network device, thereby reducing signaling overhead.

[0042] In a possible implementation, the similarity between the second model and any one of the at least one first model is greater than or equal to a similarity threshold.

[0043] In a fifth aspect, a communication method is provided. The communication method includes: a second terminal device receiving twelfth indication information. The twelfth indication information is used to indicate a first identifier of a second model. The second model is a model on the second terminal device, and the first identifier of the first model in at least one first model includes the first identifier of the second model. The second terminal device stores the first identifier of the second model.

[0044] In one possible implementation, the similarity between the second model and any one of the at least one first model is greater than or equal to a similarity threshold. In this way, models on different terminal devices with similarities greater than or equal to the similarity threshold can be assigned a single model identifier, thereby reducing model identifier redundancy.

[0045] In addition, the technical effects of the communication method described in the fifth aspect can refer to the technical effects of the communication method described in the fourth aspect, and will not be repeated here.

[0046] In a sixth aspect, a communication method is provided. The communication method includes: a network device receiving eleventh indication information. The eleventh indication information is used to indicate a first identifier of each first model in at least one first model. Each first model in at least one first model is a model on a first terminal device. The network device sends twelfth indication information. The twelfth indication information is used to indicate a first identifier of a second model. The second model is a model on a second terminal device, and the first identifier of the first model in at least one first model includes the first identifier of the second model.

[0047] In addition, the technical effects of the communication method described in the sixth aspect can refer to the technical effects of the communication method described in the fourth aspect, and will not be repeated here.

[0048] In a seventh aspect, a communication method is provided. The communication method includes: a first terminal device receives third configuration information. The third configuration information is used to indicate one or more of the following: a data set identifier, a data format, and a first data set size. The first terminal device sends fourth configuration information. The fourth configuration information is related to the third configuration information, and the fourth configuration information is used to indicate one or more of the following corresponding to the second terminal device: a data set identifier, a data format, and a second data set size. The second data set size is less than or equal to the first data set size. The first terminal device receives a first data set. The data in the first data set is collected by the second terminal device based on the fourth configuration information. The first terminal device sends a second data set. The second data set is determined based on the first data set and the third data set, and the third data set is collected by the first terminal device based on the third configuration information.

[0049] Based on the method provided in the seventh aspect, the first terminal device can obtain the third configuration information, determine the fourth configuration information of the second terminal device based on the third configuration information, and send the fourth configuration information to the network device. In this way, the network device can avoid exchanging configuration information for each terminal device separately. In this way, it can be simplified to a data collection process, thereby reducing signaling overhead.

[0050] In a possible implementation, the method provided in the seventh aspect may further include: the first terminal device determines the second data set based on the first data set and the third data set.

[0051] In a possible implementation, the third configuration information is further used to indicate a data processing method. The third data set is obtained by processing the first data set and the second data set using the data processing method.

[0052] In an eighth aspect, a communication method is provided. The communication method includes: a second terminal device receives fourth configuration information. The fourth configuration information is related to the third configuration information, and the third configuration information is used to indicate one or more of the following: a data set identifier, a data format, and a first data set size. The fourth configuration information is used to indicate one or more of the following corresponding to the second terminal device: a data set identifier, a data format, and a second data set size. The second terminal device sends a first data set. The data in the first data set is collected by the second terminal device based on the fourth configuration information. In addition, the technical effects of the communication method described in the eighth aspect can refer to the technical effects of the communication method described in the seventh aspect, and will not be repeated here.

[0053] In a ninth aspect, a communication method is provided. The communication method includes: a network device sends third configuration information. The third configuration information is used to indicate one or more of the following: a data set identifier, a data format, and a first data set size. The network device receives a second data set. The second data set is determined based on the first data set and the third data set, the first data set is collected by the second terminal device based on fourth configuration information, the fourth configuration information is related to the third configuration information, and the fourth configuration information is used to indicate one or more of the following corresponding to the second terminal device: a data set identifier, a data format, and a second data set size. The size of the second data set is less than or equal to the size of the first data set. The third data set is collected by the first terminal device based on the third configuration information.

[0054] In one possible implementation, the third configuration information may also be used to indicate a data processing method. The third data set is obtained by processing the first data set and the second data set using the data processing method. Furthermore, the technical effects of the communication method described in aspect 9 may refer to the technical effects of the communication method described in aspect 7 and are not further elaborated here.

[0055] In a tenth aspect, a communication device is provided, which is used to execute the communication method described in any one of the implementations of the first to ninth aspects.

[0056] In the present application, the communication device described in the tenth aspect can be a terminal device or a network device, or a chip (system) or other parts or components that can be set in the terminal device or network device, or a device that includes the terminal device or network device.

[0057] It should be understood that the communication device described in the tenth aspect includes a module, unit, or means corresponding to the communication method described in any one of the first to ninth aspects above. The module, unit, or means can be implemented by hardware, software, or by hardware executing the corresponding software implementation. The hardware or software includes one or more modules or units for performing the functions involved in the above-mentioned communication method.

[0058] In an eleventh aspect, a communication device is provided, comprising: a processor configured to execute the communication method described in any possible implementation of the first to ninth aspects.

[0059] In one possible design solution, the communication device described in the eleventh aspect may further include a transceiver. The transceiver may be a transceiver circuit or an interface circuit. The transceiver may be used for the communication device described in the eleventh aspect to communicate with other communication devices.

[0060] In one possible design, the communication device described in aspect 11 may further include a memory. The memory may be integrated with the processor or provided separately. The memory may be used to store computer programs and / or data involved in the communication method described in any one of aspects 1 to 9.

[0061] In the present application, the communication device described in the eleventh aspect can be a terminal device or a network device, or a chip (system) or other parts or components that can be set in the terminal device or network device, or a device that includes the terminal device or network device.

[0062] In a twelfth aspect, a communication device is provided. The communication device includes: a processor coupled to a memory, the processor being configured to execute a computer program stored in the memory, so that the communication device performs the communication method described in any possible implementation of aspects 1 to 9.

[0063] In one possible design solution, the communication device described in aspect 12 may further include a transceiver. The transceiver may be a transceiver circuit or an interface circuit. The transceiver may be used for the communication device described in aspect 12 to communicate with other communication devices.

[0064] In the present application, the communication device described in the twelfth aspect can be a terminal device or a network device, or a chip (system) or other parts or components that can be set in the terminal device or network device, or a device that includes the terminal device or network device.

[0065] In the thirteenth aspect, a communication device is provided, comprising: a processor and a memory; the memory is used to store a computer program, and when the processor executes the computer program, the communication device executes the communication method described in any one of the implementation methods of the first to ninth aspects.

[0066] In one possible design solution, the communication device described in aspect 13 may further include a transceiver. The transceiver may be a transceiver circuit or an interface circuit. The transceiver may be used for the communication device described in aspect 13 to communicate with other communication devices.

[0067] In the present application, the communication device described in the thirteenth aspect can be a terminal device or a network device, or a chip (system) or other parts or components that can be set in the terminal device or network device, or a device that includes the terminal device or network device.

[0068] In the fourteenth aspect, a communication device is provided, comprising: a processor; the processor is used to couple with a memory, and after reading a computer program in the memory, execute the communication method as described in any one of the implementation methods of the first to ninth aspects according to the computer program.

[0069] In one possible design solution, the communication device described in aspect 14 may further include a transceiver. The transceiver may be a transceiver circuit or an interface circuit. The transceiver may be used for the communication device described in aspect 14 to communicate with other communication devices.

[0070] In the present application, the communication device described in the fourteenth aspect can be a terminal device or a network device, or a chip (system) or other parts or components that can be set in the terminal device or network device, or a device that includes the terminal device or network device.

[0071] In a fifteenth aspect, a processor is provided, wherein the processor is configured to execute the communication method described in any possible implementation manner of the first to ninth aspects.

[0072] In a sixteenth aspect, a communication system is provided, which includes one or more terminal devices and one or more network devices.

[0073] In the seventeenth aspect, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, comprising: a computer program or instructions; when the computer program or instructions are run on a computer, the computer executes the communication method described in any possible implementation method of the first to ninth aspects.

[0074] In the eighteenth aspect, a computer program product is provided, comprising a computer program or instructions, which, when executed on a computer, enables the computer to execute the communication method described in any one of the possible implementations of the first to ninth aspects.

[0075] In addition, the technical effects of the communication devices described in the tenth to eighteenth aspects above can refer to the technical effects of the communication methods described in the first to ninth aspects above, and will not be repeated here. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0076] FIG1 is a schematic diagram of the architecture of a communication system provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0077] FIG2 is a schematic diagram of the O-RAN architecture provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0078] FIG3 is a flow chart of a communication method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0079] FIG4 is a flow chart of a communication method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0080] FIG5 is a schematic diagram of a model identification update process provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0081] FIG6 is a schematic diagram of another model identification update process provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0082] FIG7 is a schematic diagram of a data collection process according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0083] FIG8 is a flow chart of another communication method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0084] FIG9 is a flow chart of another communication method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0085] FIG10 is a flow chart of another communication method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0086] FIG11 is a flow chart of another communication method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0087] FIG12 is a flow chart of another communication method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0088] FIG13 is a flow chart of another communication method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0089] FIG14 is a first structural diagram of a communication device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0090] FIG15 is a second structural diagram of the communication device provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0091] The technical solution in this application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0092] Artificial intelligence (AI) technology can be applied to communication scenarios to improve communication performance and user experience. For example, AI technology can be applied to one or more of the following communication scenarios: energy saving, load balancing, mobility optimization, channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) feedback enhancement, beam scanning enhancement, or positioning enhancement. It should be understood that the application scenarios of AI in communication systems here are only used as examples. In actual implementation, AI technology can also be applied to other communication scenarios, which will not be elaborated on.

[0093] When AI technology is applied to communication scenarios, the terminal device and the network device need to reach an agreement on the AI ​​model to be used, or in other words, the terminal device and the network device need to reach an agreement on the correspondence between the identifier of the AI ​​model and the model, so as to manage the model based on the model identifier, including model activation, deactivation, switching, etc. Based on this, the terminal device can send the model information of the model on the terminal device to the network device, and the network device can assign an identifier to the model based on the model information of the model on the terminal device. In the case of multiple terminal devices, each terminal device can send the model information of the model to the network device separately, and the network device needs to send the identifier assigned to the model of the terminal device to each terminal device. In this solution, the model information of the same or similar models on different terminal devices will be reported on different terminals, which will result in large signaling overhead.

[0094] In addition, since the model information includes some information related to the model, it is not the model itself. For example, the model information may include one or more of the following: model structure, model input and output format, or applicable scenarios. For different terminal devices, the same model or similar models may exist. However, the network device cannot distinguish whether the models corresponding to the model information reported by different terminals are the same or similar based on the model information. Therefore, the network device will assign different model identifiers to the models corresponding to the model information reported by different terminal devices. This will cause model identification redundancy.

[0095] The technical solution in this application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0096] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application can be applied to various communication systems, such as wireless fidelity (WiFi) systems, vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication systems, device-to-device (D2D) communication systems, Internet of Vehicles communication systems, 4th generation (4G) mobile communication systems, such as long term evolution (LTE) systems, world-wide interoperability for microwave access (WiMAX) communication systems, fifth generation (5G) mobile communication systems, such as new radio (NR) systems, and future communication systems, such as sixth generation (6G) mobile communication systems, open RAN (O-RAN) systems, etc.

[0097] This application will present various aspects, embodiments, or features in the context of systems that may include multiple devices, components, modules, etc. It should be understood and appreciated that each system may include additional devices, components, modules, etc., and / or may not include all of the devices, components, modules, etc. discussed in conjunction with the figures. Furthermore, combinations of these aspects may also be used.

[0098] Additionally, in the embodiments of this application, words such as "exemplarily" and "for example" are used to indicate examples, illustrations, or descriptions. Any embodiment or design described in this application as an "exemplary" should not be construed as being preferred or advantageous over other embodiments or designs. Rather, the use of the word "exemplary" is intended to present concepts in a concrete manner.

[0099] First, in this application, "used to indicate" can include being used for direct indication and being used for indirect indication. When describing a certain "information" as being used to indicate A, it can include whether the information directly indicates A or indirectly indicates A, but it does not necessarily mean that the information contains A.

[0100] The information indicated by a message is called information to be indicated. In the specific implementation process, there are many ways to indicate the information to be indicated, such as but not limited to, the information to be indicated can be directly indicated, such as the information to be indicated itself or the index of the information to be indicated. The information to be indicated can also be indirectly indicated by indicating other information, where there is an association between the other information and the information to be indicated. It is also possible to indicate only a part of the information to be indicated, while the other parts of the information to be indicated are known or agreed in advance. For example, the indication of specific information can be achieved by means of the arrangement order of each piece of information agreed in advance (such as specified in the protocol), thereby reducing the indication overhead to a certain extent. At the same time, the common parts of each piece of information can be identified and indicated uniformly to reduce the indication overhead caused by indicating the same information separately.

[0101] In addition, the specific indication method can also be various existing indication methods, such as but not limited to the above-mentioned indication methods and various combinations thereof. The specific details of the various indication methods can be referred to the prior art and will not be repeated herein. As can be seen from the above, for example, when it is necessary to indicate multiple information of the same type, there may be a situation where the indication methods for different information are different. In the specific implementation process, the required indication method can be selected according to specific needs. The embodiment of the present application does not limit the selected indication method. In this way, the indication method involved in the embodiment of the present application should be understood to cover various methods that can enable the party to be indicated to obtain the information to be indicated.

[0102] The information to be indicated can be sent as a whole, or divided into multiple sub-information and sent separately, and the sending period and / or sending time of these sub-information can be the same or different. The specific sending method is not limited in this application. Among them, the sending period and / or sending time of these sub-information can be predefined, for example, predefined according to the protocol, or configured by the transmitting device by sending configuration information to the receiving device. Among them, the configuration information can, for example, but not limited to, include one or a combination of at least two of radio resource control (RRC) signaling, medium access control (MAC) layer signaling and physical layer signaling. Among them, MAC layer signaling, for example, includes MAC control element (CE); physical (PHY) layer signaling, for example, includes downlink control information (DCI).

[0103] Second, in the embodiments shown below, the first, second, and various numerical numbers are only used for the convenience of description and are not intended to limit the scope of the embodiments of the present application.

[0104] Third, “pre-set”, or “pre-defined”, or “pre-configured” can be implemented by pre-saving corresponding codes, tables or other methods that can be used to indicate relevant information in a device (for example, including a terminal and a network device), or can be pre-specified in a protocol, and this application does not limit its specific implementation method. Among them, “saving” can mean saving in one or more memories. The one or more memories can be set separately, or integrated in an encoder or decoder, a processor, or a communication device. The one or more memories can also be partially set separately, and partially integrated in a decoder, a processor, or a communication device. The type of memory can be any form of storage medium, and this application does not limit it.

[0105] Fourth, the "protocol" involved in the embodiments of the present application may refer to a standard protocol in the field of communications, for example, it may include 3GPP's LTE protocol, NR protocol, and related protocols used in future communication systems, which is not limited in this application.

[0106] The network architecture and business scenarios described in the embodiments of the present application are intended to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, and do not constitute a limitation on the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application. Ordinary technicians in this field will know that with the evolution of network architecture and the emergence of new business scenarios, the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application are also applicable to similar technical problems.

[0107] The network architecture and business scenarios described in the embodiments of the present application are intended to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, and do not constitute a limitation on the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application. Ordinary technicians in this field will know that with the evolution of network architecture and the emergence of new business scenarios, the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application are also applicable to similar technical problems.

[0108] To facilitate understanding of the embodiments of the present application, a communication system applicable to the embodiments of the present application is first described in detail using the communication system shown in Figure 1 as an example. For example, Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the architecture of a communication system applicable to the method provided in the embodiments of the present application.

[0109] As shown in FIG1 , the communication system includes a network device and at least one terminal device (such as terminal devices 101 a to 101 j in FIG1 ).

[0110] The network equipment includes at least one access network device (such as access network device 102a and access network device 102b in Figure 1) and a core network device 103. Among them, the terminal device is connected to the access network device wirelessly, and the access network device is connected to the core network device wirelessly or wired. The core network device and the access network device can be independent and different physical devices, or the functions of the core network device and the logical functions of the access network device can be integrated into the same physical device, or part of the functions of the core network device and part of the functions of the access network device can be integrated into one physical device. Terminal devices and terminal devices, as well as access network devices and access network devices, can be connected to each other by wire or wirelessly. Figure 1 is only a schematic diagram, and the communication system can also include other network devices, such as wireless relay devices and wireless backhaul devices, which are not drawn in Figure 1.

[0111] A terminal device may be a terminal with transceiver functions, or may be a chip or chip system provided in the terminal device. The terminal device may also be referred to as user equipment (UE), access terminal, subscriber unit, subscriber station, mobile station (MS), mobile station, remote station, remote terminal, mobile device, user terminal, terminal, wireless communication device, user agent, or user device. The terminal in the embodiments of the present application can be a mobile phone, a cellular phone, a smart phone, a tablet computer, a wireless data card, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a wireless modem, a handheld device (handset), a laptop computer, a machine type communication (MTC) terminal, a computer with wireless transceiver function, a virtual reality (VR) terminal, an augmented reality (AR) terminal, a smart home device (for example, a refrigerator, a television, an air conditioner, an electric meter, etc.), an intelligent robot, a robotic arm, a workshop equipment, a wireless terminal in unmanned driving, a wireless terminal in industrial control, a wireless terminal in self-driving, a wireless terminal in telemedicine, a wireless terminal in a smart grid, a wireless terminal in transportation safety, a wireless terminal in a smart city, a wireless terminal in a smart home, a vehicle-mounted terminal, a roadside unit with terminal function, a roadside control unit (ROU), ... unit, RSU), etc., flying equipment (for example, intelligent robots, hot air balloons, drones, airplanes), etc. The terminal device of the present application may also be an on-board module, on-board module, on-board component, on-board chip or on-board unit that is built into the vehicle as one or more components or units. The terminal device may also be other devices with terminal functions. For example, the terminal device may also be a device that serves as a terminal function in D2D communication. The embodiments of the present application do not limit the device form of the terminal device. The device for realizing the function of the terminal device may be a terminal; it may also be a device that can support the terminal device to realize the function, such as a chip system. The device can be installed in the terminal or used in combination with the terminal. In the embodiments of the present application, the chip system may be composed of chips, or may include chips and other discrete devices.

[0112] The access network device may be a device with wireless transceiver functions, or may be a chip or chip system provided in the device, located in the access network (AN) of the communication system, and used to provide access services to the terminal. For example, the access network device may be referred to as a radio access network (RAN) device, and may specifically be an access network device of the next generation mobile communication system, such as 6G, such as a 6G base station, or in the next generation mobile communication system, the access network device may also have other naming methods, all of which are covered within the scope of protection of the embodiments of this application, and this application does not impose any limitation on this. Alternatively, the access network equipment may include 5G, such as a gNB in ​​a new radio (NR) system, or one or a group of antenna panels (including multiple antenna panels) of a base station in 5G, or a network node constituting a gNB, a transmission and reception point (TRP or TP), or a transmission measurement function (TMF), such as a central unit (CU), a distributed unit (DU), a CU-control plane (CP), a CU-user plane (UP), a radio unit (RU), an RSU with base station functions, a wired access gateway, or a 5G core network element. Alternatively, the access network equipment may include an access point (AP) in a wireless fidelity (WiFi) system, a wireless relay node, a wireless backhaul node, various types of macro base stations, micro base stations (also known as small cells), relay stations, access points, wearable devices, vehicle-mounted devices, and the like.

[0113] Among them, CU and DU can be set separately, or can also be included in the same network element, such as a baseband unit (BBU). RU can be included in a radio frequency device or a radio frequency unit, such as a remote radio unit (RRU), an active antenna unit (AAU) or a remote radio head (RRH). It can be understood that the access network device can be a CU node, or a DU node, or a device including a CU node and a DU node. In addition, CU can be divided into an access network device in an access network RAN, or CU can be divided into an access network device in a core network CN, and there is no limitation here. In different systems, CU (or CU-CP and CU-UP), DU or RU may also have different names, but those skilled in the art can understand their meanings.

[0114] In the communication system provided in FIG1 , the access network device may be an open RAN (O-RAN). In this case, as shown in FIG2 , the CU may also be referred to as an open centralized unit (O-CU) or a gNB-CU, the DU may also be referred to as an open distributed unit (O-DU) or a gNB-DU, the CU-CP may also be referred to as an O-CU-CP, the CU-UP may also be referred to as an O-CU-UP, and the RU may also be referred to as an open radio unit (O-RU). Furthermore, the O-RAN may also include an O-RAN intelligent controller (Radio Intelligent Controller). The RIC may obtain network-side and / or terminal device information from RAN nodes (e.g., CU, CU-CP, CU-UP, DU, and / or RU) and / or terminal devices, and perform optimization tasks based on this information. Exemplarily, the RIC collects configurations of network devices and / or terminal devices and updates / optimizes the configurations of the network devices and / or terminal devices. For example, the RIC collects data from network devices and / or terminal devices for model training and inference. Accordingly, the RIC can deliver the inference results to the network devices and / or terminal devices. The RIC communicates with the O-CU and O-DU via the E2 interface, meaning that the O-RIC can control the gNB-DU.

[0115] For the convenience of description, this application uses CU, CU-CP, CU-UP, DU and RU as examples for description. Any of the CU (or CU-CP, CU-UP), DU and RU in this application can be implemented by a software module, a hardware module, or a combination of a software module and a hardware module. In the embodiment of the present application, there is no limitation on the form of the access network device. The device for implementing the function of the access network device may be an access network device; or it may be a device that can support the access network device to implement the function, such as a chip system. The device can be installed in the access network device or used in conjunction with the access network device.

[0116] Core network elements can be access and mobility management function (AMF) entities or unified data management (UDM) entities. AMF entity functions include mobility management, connection management, lawful interception, transparent proxy, access authentication, and authorization. UDM entity functions include authentication credential processing, user identity processing, access authorization, registration / mobility management, subscription management, and SMS management.

[0117] Communication systems can also include servers, such as over-the-top (OTT) servers. OTT servers can provide various application services to users via the internet. These applications differ from existing communication services offered by carriers in that they utilize only the carrier's network, while the services are provided by third parties. Typical OTT services include internet television and the Apple App Store. The term originates from sports like basketball and means "over-the-top pass," referring to a pass being passed over a player's head to reach the destination.

[0118] The communication system may also include a network management entity 130, such as an operation, administration, and maintenance (OAM) entity, which is responsible for implementing network management tasks such as operation, administration, and maintenance. Operation primarily involves analyzing, forecasting, planning, and configuring daily network and service operations. Maintenance primarily involves daily operational activities such as testing and fault management of the network and its services. The network management entity can monitor network operating status, optimize network connectivity and performance, improve network operational stability, and reduce network maintenance costs.

[0119] It should be understood that in the embodiments of the present application, the access network equipment, core network equipment, server and network management entity equipment can all be referred to as network equipment. In some possible implementations, the equipment or system used to implement one or more functions of the access network equipment, core network equipment, server and network management entity can also be referred to as network equipment.

[0120] It should be noted that the communication method provided in the embodiment of the present application can be applied between the terminal device and the network device shown in Figure 1. The specific implementation can refer to the following method embodiment, which will not be repeated here.

[0121] It should be noted that the solutions in the embodiments of the present application can also be applied to other communication systems, and the corresponding names can also be replaced by the names of corresponding functions in other communication systems.

[0122] It should be understood that FIG1 is only a simplified schematic diagram for ease of understanding, and the communication system may also include other network devices and / or other terminal devices, which are not shown in FIG1 .

[0123] The communication method provided in the embodiment of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to Figures 3 to 13.

[0124] For example, Figure 3 is a flow chart of a communication method according to an embodiment of the present application. The communication method can be applied to the communication between the terminal device and the network device shown in Figure 1 .

[0125] As shown in FIG3 , the communication method includes the following steps:

[0126] S301: A first terminal device obtains a first identifier of each first model in at least one first model.

[0127] Each first model in the at least one first model is a model on the first terminal device.

[0128] For the implementation of each first model in at least one first model, please refer to the relevant introduction about at least one first model in S408 of the method provided in Figure 4, or S508 of the method provided in Figure 5, or S903 of the method provided in Figure 9, or S1003 of the method provided in Figure 10, and no details will be given here.

[0129] In some possible implementations, the first terminal device can passively obtain the first identifier of each first model in at least one first model. In this case, the implementation of S301 can refer to S408 in the method provided in Figure 4, or S412c in the method provided in Figure 5, or S903 in the method provided in Figure 9, and will not be repeated here.

[0130] In some possible implementations, the first terminal device can actively obtain the first identifier of each first model in at least one first model. In this case, the implementation of S301 can refer to the relevant introduction of S407 and S408 in the method provided in Figure 4, or S412b and S412c in the method provided in Figure 5, or S902 and S903 in the method provided in Figure 9, or S1003 in the method provided in Figure 10, and will not be repeated here.

[0131] S302: The first terminal device sends first indication information. Correspondingly, the second terminal device receives the first indication information.

[0132] The first indication information is used to indicate the first identifier of the second model. The second model is a model on the second terminal device, and the first identifier of the first model in the at least one first model includes the first identifier of the second model.

[0133] In a possible implementation, the similarity between the second model and any one of the at least one first model is greater than or equal to a similarity threshold.

[0134] Optionally, in the embodiment of the present application, the similarity between the two models can be determined based on the same number of parameters in the model information of the two models. It is understandable that the similarity between the two models can also be determined in other ways, which will not be described in detail.

[0135] Optionally, the second model is a first model in the at least one first model. That is, the second model may be the same as a first model in the at least one first model.

[0136] In this way, models on different terminal devices with similarities greater than or equal to the similarity threshold can correspond to one model identifier, thereby reducing the redundancy of model identifiers.

[0137] Regarding the implementation of the second model, please refer to the relevant introduction of S409 in the method provided in Figure 4, or S509 in the method provided in Figure 5, or S904 in the method provided in Figure 9, or S1005 in the method provided in Figure 10, and no further details are given.

[0138] For the related introduction of S302, please refer to the related introduction of S409 in the method provided in Figure 4, or S509 in the method provided in Figure 5, or S904 in the method provided in Figure 9, or S1005 in the method provided in Figure 10, and no further details are given.

[0139] Based on the communication method provided in FIG3 , a first terminal device can obtain a first identifier of a first model on the first terminal device and send first indication information, thereby assigning the first identifier to a second model on a second terminal device. This simplifies the process of assigning identifiers to models on the second terminal device. For example, the second terminal device can be prevented from sending model information to a network device, thereby reducing signaling overhead.

[0140] For ease of understanding, the method provided in FIG. 3 is further described below in conjunction with different embodiments.

[0141] In some possible embodiments, a model identifier may be allocated to a terminal device based on a core network device. In this case, the communication method is shown in FIG4 below:

[0142] S401: Each terminal device in a plurality of terminal devices sends indication information #1. Correspondingly, a core network device receives indication information #1 from each terminal device in the plurality of terminal devices.

[0143] Among them, indication information #1 is used to indicate the group identifier (group identifier, group ID) and / or corresponding manufacturer information of the group (group) to which the terminal device belongs. For ease of understanding, the subsequent embodiments of this application are explained based on group examples. Among them, the group identifier can be an application layer group identifier (application layer Group ID), or a discovery group identifier (discovery group ID), or a ProSe layer two identifier (ProSe layer-2 group ID). It should be understood that the group identifier here is only used for example. In actual implementation, the group identifier can also be other identifiers.

[0144] Manufacturer information may refer to information used to identify a manufacturer, such as a manufacturer identifier (which may be the manufacturer's name, a manufacturer's corresponding number, etc.), a manufacturer type, etc. The manufacturer may be a device manufacturer, a chipset manufacturer, or a software manufacturer, etc. Based on the indication information #1 of the multiple terminal devices, the core network device may obtain a topological relationship between the multiple terminal devices, for example, terminal devices in the same group, terminal devices corresponding to the same manufacturer, or terminal devices in the same group and corresponding to the same manufacturer.

[0145] In one possible implementation, the core network device may further determine, from among multiple terminal devices, a terminal device that is authorized to obtain a model identifier from the core network device, i.e., a first terminal device; or, the core network device may further determine, from among multiple terminal devices, a terminal device that is not authorized to obtain a model identifier from a network device, such as the second terminal device described below. The terminal device that is authorized to obtain a model identifier from a network device may be used to forward the model identifier, such as forwarding the model identifier between the core network device and a terminal device that is not authorized to obtain a model identifier from a network device.

[0146] In another possible implementation, the core network device may determine the terminal device used to forward the model identifier.

[0147] In this case, in the embodiment of the present application, S401 is an optional step.

[0148] For example, the core network device may determine, from among the terminal devices served by the access network devices covered by the core network device, a terminal device authorized to obtain the model identifier from the core network device. Alternatively, the core network device may determine a terminal device to forward the model identifier. In this case, S401 may not be performed. It should be understood that the scenario where S401 is not performed is merely an example, and in actual implementation, other scenarios may exist where S401 may not be performed.

[0149] S402: The first terminal device receives indication information #2, i.e., the fourth indication information. Correspondingly, the core network device sends indication information #2.

[0150] The indication information #2 is used to indicate that the first terminal device is a terminal device authorized to obtain a model identification from the network device.

[0151] Alternatively, indication information #2 is used to indicate the identifier of the forwarding model of the first terminal device.

[0152] For the first terminal device, the indication information #1 sent by the first terminal device is the fifth indication information.

[0153] Indication information #2 can be an independent message. Alternatively, indication information #2 can reuse an existing message, such as an authentication request message. Reusing an existing message can reduce resource overhead.

[0154] In the embodiment of the present application, S402 is an optional step.

[0155] In this way, the network device can be prevented from allocating model identifiers to multiple terminal devices, which reduces the interaction process and thus reduces resource overhead.

[0156] In this way, the network device can obtain terminal devices that are in the same group or correspond to the same manufacturer, so as to filter out terminal devices that interact with the network device.

[0157] In some possible implementations, after S402, the first terminal device may further execute the following S403 to feedback the reception status of the indication information #2.

[0158] S403: The first terminal device sends indication information #3 according to indication information #2. Correspondingly, the core network device receives indication information #3.

[0159] Among them, indication information #3 is used to indicate that the first terminal device has successfully received indication information #2.

[0160] Indication #3 can be an independent message. Alternatively, Indication #3 can reuse an existing message, such as an authentication response message. Reusing an existing message can reduce resource overhead.

[0161] S404: The core network device sends indication information #4, ie, ninth indication information. Correspondingly, the second terminal device receives indication information #4.

[0162] The indication information #4 is used to indicate that the second terminal device is a terminal device that is not authorized to obtain the model identification from the terminal device.

[0163] Indication information #4 can be an independent message. Alternatively, indication information #4 can reuse an existing message, such as an authentication request message. Reusing an existing message can reduce resource overhead.

[0164] In some possible implementations, after S402, the first terminal device may further execute S405 to feed back the reception status of indication information #4.

[0165] S405: The second terminal device sends indication information #5 according to indication information #4. Correspondingly, the core network device receives indication information #5.

[0166] Indication information #5 can be an independent message. Alternatively, indication information #5 can reuse an existing message, such as an authentication response message. Reusing an existing message can reduce resource overhead.

[0167] Among them, indication information #5 is used to indicate that the first terminal device has successfully received indication information #4.

[0168] It should be understood that in some possible embodiments, S402 to S405 are all optional steps.

[0169] S406: The core network device sends indication information #6. Correspondingly, the access network device receives indication information #6.

[0170] Indication information #6 is used to indicate a terminal device that is authorized to obtain a model identifier from a core network device. For example, indication information #6 may carry a correspondence between the identifier of a first terminal device and its terminal type. The terminal type information is used to indicate that a terminal is authorized to obtain a model identifier from a core network device. In this case, the terminal device can be understood as a proxy device or proxy terminal. Alternatively, in one possible implementation, indication information #6 may also be used to indicate a terminal device that is not authorized to obtain a model identifier from a network device.

[0171] Indication #6 can be an independent message. Alternatively, Indication #6 can reuse an existing message, such as an Initial Context Setup Request message. Reusing an existing message can reduce resource overhead.

[0172] S407: The first terminal device sends indication information #7. Correspondingly, the core network device receives indication information #7.

[0173] In which, indication information #7 includes model information of each first model in at least one first model, and the model information includes one or more of the following: model structure, input format of the model, output format of the model, or applicable scenario of the model.

[0174] The input format of the model can be the dimension of the data, etc.; the output format of the model can be the dimension of the data, etc., which will not be elaborated here.

[0175] The applicable scenario of a model can also be said to be the application scenario of the model. Optionally, the applicable scenario of a model can be similar to the collection scenario of the data used to train the model.

[0176] In one possible implementation, the applicable scenarios of the model may be energy-saving scenarios, load balancing, mobility optimization, CSI feedback enhancement, beam scanning enhancement, or positioning enhancement.

[0177] Instruction #7 can be an independent message. Alternatively, instruction #6 can reuse an existing message, such as an existing request message. Reusing an existing message can reduce resource overhead.

[0178] The first model in the at least one first model is a model of at least one terminal device in the terminal device group that the first terminal device is in. Each first model in the at least one first model is a model on the first terminal device.

[0179] Among them, at least one first model can be a model that satisfies one or more of the following: a model configured in the first terminal device, a model stored in the first terminal device, a model that can be used by the first terminal device, or a model that needs to be identified in the communication system, or a model used by the terminal device that needs to be managed by the network side (such as a core network device).

[0180] It should be understood that S407 is an optional step.

[0181] S408: The core network device sends indication information #8, i.e., second indication information. Correspondingly, the first terminal device receives indication information #8.

[0182] The indication information #8 is used to indicate the first identifier of each first model in the at least one first model. The first identifier of each first model in the at least one first model is determined according to the model information of each first model in the at least one first model.

[0183] Regarding determining the first identifier of each first model in at least one first model based on the model information of each first model in at least one first model, reference may be made to the existing technology, which is not described in detail here.

[0184] If S407 is not executed and S408 is executed, it can be understood that the first terminal device passively obtains the first identifier of each first model in the at least one first model. If both S407 and S408 are executed, it can be understood that the first terminal device actively obtains the first identifier of each first model in the at least one first model.

[0185] In this way, the network device can allocate a model identifier of at least one first model, which can reduce the processing complexity of the first terminal device.

[0186] S409: The first terminal device sends indication information #9, ie, first indication information. Correspondingly, the second terminal device receives indication information #9.

[0187] The indication information #9 is used to indicate the first identifier of the second model. The second model is a model on the second terminal device, and the first identifier of the first model in the at least one first model includes the first identifier of the second model.

[0188] In some possible implementations, the indication information #10 may include a correspondence between the second model and the first identifier. In this case, the following step S409a may be included before S409.

[0189] It can be understood that the indication information #9 can be sent via a sidelink.

[0190] S409a: The second terminal device sends indication information #10, ie, third indication information. Correspondingly, the first terminal device receives indication information #10.

[0191] The indication information #10 is used to indicate the models supported by the second terminal device, and the models supported by the second terminal device include the second model. At this time, the first terminal device can send the indication information #9 in a unicast, broadcast or multicast manner.

[0192] In some other possible implementations, the indication information #9 may include a correspondence between each first model in at least one first model and the first identifier. The first terminal device may send the indication information #10 in a multicast or broadcast manner.

[0193] In this way, the first terminal device can obtain the model on the second terminal device, so that the second terminal device can send the first indication information according to the model on the second terminal device, which can avoid the redundancy of the first indication information and reduce signaling overhead.

[0194] S410: The second terminal device stores the first identifier of the second model.

[0195] It should be understood that the second terminal device can store the first identifier of the second model in an internal memory or an external memory. When the second terminal device stores the first identifier of the second model, it can be a correspondence between the stored second model and the first identifier of the second model, which is not limited in the embodiments of the present application.

[0196] S411: The second terminal device sends indication information #11. Correspondingly, the core network device receives indication information #11.

[0197] The indication information #11 is used to indicate the first identifier of the second model.

[0198] In a possible implementation, the indication information #11 may include a correspondence between the second model and the first identifier of the second model.

[0199] In some other possible embodiments, indication information #11 may include the first identifier of the second model. In this case, the first identifier of the second model may be implemented through indirect indication. For example, when executing S409a, the order of the first identifiers of the second models in indication information #11 may be consistent with the order of the second models in indication information #10.

[0200] Regarding the technical effects of the method provided in FIG4 , reference may be made to the technical effects of the method provided in FIG3 , and no further details will be given.

[0201] In addition, in the method provided in Figure 4, after the first terminal device obtains the first identifier of at least one first model, the model identifier can also be updated. The following describes the process of updating the model identifier in combination with Method 1 and Method 2.

[0202] Mode 1: The core network device updates the model identifier, and the first terminal device obtains the updated model identifier from the core network device. In this case, as shown in Figure 5, the process of updating the model identifier may include:

[0203] S412a: The core network device sends the second configuration information. Correspondingly, the first terminal device receives the second configuration information.

[0204] The second configuration information is used to indicate a first condition. The first condition is a condition for updating the model identifier and can be used to determine a timing for updating the model identifier.

[0205] The first condition includes one or more of the following: the number of times the first model is trained in at least one first model reaches a training number threshold, or the location of the first terminal device is outside the applicable range of the first identifiers of any multiple first models in at least one first model. In one possible implementation, the model identifier is related to the performance of the model, such as accuracy. In this case, the first condition may include: the number of times the first model is trained in at least one first model reaches a training number threshold.

[0206] In one possible implementation, model identifiers are used within different scopes of application (e.g., a cell, a service network corresponding to a core network device, etc.). In this case, the first condition may include: the location of the first terminal device is outside the scope of application of the first identifiers of any multiple first models in at least one first model. This avoids model identifier conflicts.

[0207] It should be understood that the first condition may be pre-configured in the first terminal device. In this case, S412a may not be performed, that is, S412a is an optional step.

[0208] S412b: When the first condition is met, the first terminal device sends indication information #12, ie, sixth indication information. Correspondingly, the core network device receives indication information #12.

[0209] Indication information #12 is used to indicate model information of a third model. The third model is the model in the at least one first model whose model identifier needs to be updated. The third model can be determined based on a training count threshold for each first model in the at least one first model, and / or based on the location of the first terminal device and the applicable scope of the first identifier of each first model in the at least one first model.

[0210] In one possible implementation, if the first condition includes: the number of training times of the first model in at least one first model reaches the training times threshold, then the third model is the first model in at least one first model whose training times reaches the training times threshold.

[0211] Alternatively, if the first condition includes: the location of the first terminal device is outside the applicable scope of the first identifier of any of the at least one first model, then the third model is the first model in the at least one first model whose applicable scope of the first identifier does not include the location of the first terminal device. There may be multiple third models.

[0212] Alternatively, if the first condition includes: the number of training times of the first model in at least one first model reaches the training number threshold, and the location of the first terminal device is outside the applicable scope of the first identifier of any first model in at least one first model, then the third model is the first model in which the number of training times of the first model in at least one first model reaches the training number threshold and the applicable scope of the first identifier does not include the location of the first terminal device.

[0213] That is, the third model is determined based on the first condition, so that the updated model identification can be made more accurate.

[0214] S412c, the core network device sends indication information #13, i.e., the seventh indication information. Correspondingly, the first terminal device receives indication information #13.

[0215] Indication information #13 is used to indicate the second identifier of the third model.

[0216] In this way, the model identifier can be updated according to the first condition. If the number of times the first model has been trained exceeds a threshold, the model identifier is updated, which can improve the matching degree between the model identifier and the scenario. If the location of the first terminal device is within the applicable range of the first identifier of the first model, the model identifier is updated, which can improve the matching degree between the model identifier and the terminal location and expand its application range. In addition, the model identifier can be updated by the network device, which can reduce the implementation complexity of the terminal device.

[0217] Optionally, the model update process may further include S412d:

[0218] S412d: The first terminal device sends indication information #14. Correspondingly, the second terminal device receives indication information #14.

[0219] The indication information #14 is used to indicate the second identifier of the fourth model on the second terminal device.

[0220] In a possible implementation, the similarity between the fourth model and any first model in the third model is greater than or equal to a similarity threshold.

[0221] The fourth model is a model in the third model. The second identifier of the fourth model is an identifier in the second identifier of the third model. In this way, the model identifier on the second terminal device can be updated.

[0222] For the implementation of S412d, please refer to the relevant introduction of S410 and will not be described in detail here.

[0223] In addition, the model update process may further include S412e.

[0224] S412e: The second terminal device sends indication information #15. Correspondingly, the core network device receives indication information #15.

[0225] For the implementation of indication information #15, please refer to the relevant introduction of indication information #11 in S411. For the implementation of S412e, please refer to the relevant introduction of S411. No further details will be given here.

[0226] Mode 2: The first terminal device updates the model identifier by itself. In this case, the method provided in FIG6 may further include:

[0227] S413a: The core network device sends the second configuration information. Correspondingly, the first terminal device receives the second configuration information.

[0228] The second configuration information is used to indicate the first condition.

[0229] It should be understood that the first condition may be pre-configured in the first terminal device. In this case, S413a may not be performed, that is, S413a is an optional step.

[0230] In this way, the correspondence between the model identifier and the model on the terminal device and the network device can be kept consistent, so that the model management process can be carried out smoothly.

[0231] S413b: The core network device sends the first configuration information. Correspondingly, the first terminal device receives the first configuration information.

[0232] The first configuration information is used to indicate the updating method of the model identification.

[0233] In a possible implementation, the updating manner of the model identifier is determined according to the corresponding relationship between the first identifier and the second identifier.

[0234] In one possible implementation, the first configuration information includes a first parameter, the first parameter being used to indicate a value by which the second identifier is increased or decreased relative to the first identifier used to generate the second identifier when the model identifier is updated. Alternatively, the first parameter is used to indicate that the updated model identifier is the difference between the second identifier and the value used to generate the second identifier.

[0235] In some other implementations, the updating mode of the model identifier may be pre-configured in the first terminal device. In this case, S413b is an optional step.

[0236] In addition, the first configuration information in S413b and the second configuration information in S413a may be located in the same information.

[0237] S413c: When the first condition is met, the first terminal device obtains the second identifier of the third model.

[0238] Among them, regarding the implementation of the first condition, please refer to the relevant introduction of the first condition in Method 1, and regarding the implementation of the third model, please refer to the relevant introduction of the third model in Method 1, which will not be repeated here.

[0239] In a possible implementation, obtaining the second identifier of the third model on the first terminal device includes: the first terminal device obtaining the second identifier of the third model according to an update method.

[0240] For example, when executing S413b and the first configuration information includes the first parameter, the first terminal device obtains the second identifier according to the first parameter. Exemplarily, the first identifier is 00000001, and the first parameter indicates that the value to be increased is 32, then the first terminal device determines that the second identifier is 00100001.

[0241] S413d: The first terminal device sends indication information #16, ie, the eighth indication information. Correspondingly, the network device receives indication information #16.

[0242] Indication information #16 is used to indicate the second identifier of the third model. It is understandable that indication information #16 is reported by the first terminal device when the first condition is met. In one possible implementation, indication information #16 can also be used to indicate the first identifier corresponding to the second identifier of the third model.

[0243] In this way, the model identifier can be updated according to the first condition. If the number of times the first model has been trained exceeds a threshold, the model identifier is updated, which can improve the matching degree between the model identifier and the scene. If the location of the first terminal device is within the applicable range of the first identifier of the first model, the model identifier is updated, which can improve the matching degree between the model identifier and the terminal location and expand its application range. In addition, the first terminal device can update the model identifier independently, which can simplify the interaction process and further reduce overhead.

[0244] In addition, the model updating process may further include S413e.

[0245] S413e: The first terminal device sends indication information #14. Correspondingly, the second terminal device receives indication information #14.

[0246] For the implementation of S413e, please refer to the relevant introduction of S412d, which will not be described in detail here.

[0247] In addition, the model updating process may further include S413f.

[0248] S413f, the second terminal device sends indication information #15. Correspondingly, the core network device receives indication information #15.

[0249] Regarding the implementation of indication information #15, please refer to the relevant introduction of indication information #11 in S411. Regarding the implementation of S413e, please refer to the relevant introduction of S411. No further details will be given here.

[0250] In a possible implementation, the method provided in FIG4 may further include a data collection process. The data collection process includes the steps shown in FIG7 below:

[0251] S414a: The core network device sends the third configuration information. Correspondingly, the first terminal device receives the third configuration information.

[0252] The third configuration information is used to indicate one or more of the following: a data set identifier, a data format, and a size of the first data set.

[0253] The data set identifier is used to identify data collected by the first terminal device and the second terminal device.

[0254] Data format refers to the data content included in the data, such as data type.

[0255] The first data set size is the total amount that the first terminal device and the second terminal device need to collect.

[0256] S414b: The first terminal device sends fourth configuration information. Correspondingly, the second terminal device receives the fourth configuration information.

[0257] The fourth configuration information is related to the third configuration information, and is used to indicate one or more of the following items corresponding to the second terminal device: a data set identifier, a data format, and a second data set size. The second data set size is less than or equal to the first data set size.

[0258] The dataset identifier indicated by the fourth configuration information is the same as the dataset identifier indicated by the third configuration information, and the dataset format indicated by the fourth configuration information is the same as the dataset format indicated by the third configuration information.

[0259] S414c: The second terminal device sends the first data set. Correspondingly, the core network device receives the first data set.

[0260] The data in the first data set is collected by the second terminal device according to the fourth configuration information. The data format of the first data set may be the data format indicated by the fourth configuration information, and the size of the first data set may be the size of the second data set.

[0261] S414d: The first terminal device sends a second data set. Correspondingly, the core network device receives the second data set.

[0262] The second data set is determined based on the first data set and the third data set, and the third data set is collected by the first terminal device based on the third configuration information. In this case, the data collection process provided in Figure 7 may also include: determining the second data set based on the first data set and the third data set.

[0263] In this way, the first terminal device can forward the configuration information of the second terminal device for collecting data, which can reduce resource overhead in the data collection process.

[0264] In a possible implementation, the third configuration information may also be used to indicate a data processing method. The third data set is obtained by processing the first data set and the second data set using the data processing method.

[0265] In this way, the first terminal device can process the data before uploading it, for example, it can delete redundant data, thereby reducing the overhead of data transmission.

[0266] The data processing method may include: deleting data with a similarity greater than a second similarity threshold, thereby reducing overhead.

[0267] In other embodiments, there may be other data processing methods, such as compressing data, etc., which will not be described in detail.

[0268] It should be understood that in the communication method provided in Figure 4, the steps performed by the core network device may also be performed by the access network device. In this case, S406 is not performed.

[0269] In some embodiments, a model identifier may be allocated to a terminal device based on an access network device, or the model identifier may be allocated within the coverage of the access network device. In this case, the communication method is shown in FIG8 below:

[0270] S801: The network management entity sends indication information #17. Correspondingly, the access network device receives indication information #.

[0271] The network management entity may be OAM.

[0272] Among them, the indication information #17 is used to indicate the terminal devices among multiple terminal devices that are authorized to obtain the model identification from the network device.

[0273] Optionally, the indication information #17 is also used to indicate a terminal device among the multiple terminal devices that is not authorized to obtain a model identifier from the network device.

[0274] S802-S805 may correspond to the relevant introductions in S402 to S405 in sequence. The difference is that the operations performed by the core network device in S402 to S405 are performed by the access network device in S802-S805.

[0275] S806: The second terminal device sends indication information #18. Correspondingly, the access network device receives indication information #18.

[0276] The indication information #18 includes model information of the second model on the second terminal device.

[0277] It should be understood that S806 is an optional step. In the case where the indication information #17 is used to indicate the terminal devices among the multiple terminal devices that are authorized to obtain the model identification from the network device, S806 can be executed.

[0278] S807-S811 may correspond to the relevant introductions in S407 to S411 in sequence, the difference being that the operations performed by the core network device in S407 to S411 are performed by the access network device in S807-S811.

[0279] In some possible implementations, the method provided in Figure 8 may also include a model identification update process. For the model identification update process, you can refer to the model identification update process in the method provided in Figure 4. The difference is that in the model identification update process of the method provided in Figure 4, the process executed by the core network device can also be executed by the access network device, which will not be repeated.

[0280] In some possible implementations, the method provided in Figure 8 may also include a data collection process. For the data collection process, you can refer to the data collection process in the method provided in Figure 4. The difference is that in the data collection process of the method provided in Figure 4, the process executed by the core network device can also be executed by the access network device, which will not be repeated.

[0281] It should be understood that in some possible embodiments, S801 to S805 may not be performed. In this case, at least one terminal device sends indication information for indicating model information to the access network device, such as indication information #18 and / or indication information #7 (including S806 and S807). In this case, the access network device can determine the terminal device for forwarding the model identifier, that is, the first terminal device, from the terminal devices corresponding to the received indication information for indicating model information. It should be understood that at this time, the communication method can also be executed by the core network device. Among them, the indication information for indicating model information may include the identifier of the terminal device that sends the information. Regarding the technical effects of the method provided in Figure 8, reference can be made to the technical effects of the method provided in Figure 3, and no further details will be given.

[0282] In some embodiments, after the terminal device obtains the identification of the model on the terminal device (such as obtaining the identification of the model through the communication method in any of Figures 3, 4 or 8 above, or obtaining the identification of the model through an existing method), the terminal device can update the identification of the model on the terminal device.

[0283] In one possible implementation, the first terminal device may report the model information of the model that needs to be updated, and the network device may calculate the updated model identifier, i.e., the second identifier. The first terminal device then receives the updated model identifier from the network device. The principle of updating the identifier of the model on the terminal device is shown in the method provided in Figure 9 below. Figure 9 is a flow chart of the communication method provided in the embodiment of the application. As shown in Figure 9, the communication method includes:

[0284] S901: A network device sends fifth configuration information. Correspondingly, a first terminal device receives the fifth configuration information.

[0285] For the implementation of the fifth information, please refer to the relevant introduction of the second configuration information in S412a, and for the implementation of S901, please refer to the relevant introduction of S412a. Among them, at least one fourth model is a model on the first terminal device that has been assigned a third identifier. For example, the at least one fourth model can be at least one first model in the method provided in Figure 4 above, and the third identifier can be the first model in the method provided in Figure 4 above. Alternatively, at least one fourth model can be a model on the first terminal device that has been assigned a model identifier according to existing technology, and the third identifier is a model identifier assigned according to existing technology. Here, the fourth model and the third identifier can also be implemented in other ways, which will not be elaborated on.

[0286] S902: When the second condition is met, the first terminal device sends indication information #19. Correspondingly, the network device receives indication information #18.

[0287] Regarding the implementation of the second condition, please refer to the relevant introduction of the first condition in the method provided in Figure 4, and will not be repeated here. Regarding the implementation of indication information #19, please refer to the relevant introduction of indication information #12 in S412b, and regarding the implementation of S902, please refer to the relevant introduction of S412b, and will not be repeated here.

[0288] S903 to S905 may refer to the relevant introduction of S409 to S411 in sequence, and will not be described in detail.

[0289] In a possible implementation, the first model in S904 may be the third model in S412c, and the first identifier of the first model may refer to the second identifier of the third model in S412c.

[0290] Among them, in S903 and S905, the steps performed by the core network device in S409 to S411 can be performed by the access network device. In other words, in S903 and S905, the steps performed by the core network device in S409 to S411 can be performed by the network device. The technical effects of the method provided in Figure 9 can be referred to the beneficial effects of the method provided in Figure 3, and will not be repeated here.

[0291] In some other possible embodiments, the first terminal device may obtain the update method. In this case, the first terminal device may update the identification of the model by itself.

[0292] S1001: An access network device sends fifth configuration information. Correspondingly, a first terminal device receives the fifth configuration information.

[0293] The fifth configuration information is used to indicate the first condition.

[0294] It should be understood that S1001 is an optional step. For example, the first condition may be pre-configured in the first terminal device.

[0295] Regarding the implementation of the fifth configuration information, please refer to the relevant introduction of the second configuration information in S413a. Regarding the implementation of S1001, please refer to the relevant introduction of S413a, and no further details will be given.

[0296] S1002: The network device sends sixth configuration information. Correspondingly, the first terminal device receives the sixth configuration information.

[0297] Regarding the implementation of the sixth configuration information, reference may be made to the relevant introduction to the first configuration information in S413b. Regarding the implementation of S1002, reference may be made to the relevant introduction to S413b, which will not be elaborated herein.

[0298] The first configuration information is used to indicate the updating method of the model identification.

[0299] It should be understood that step S1002 is an optional step. In some other implementations, the updating method of the model identifier may be pre-configured in the first terminal device.

[0300] In addition, the first configuration information in S1002 and the second configuration information in S1001 may be located in the same information.

[0301] S1003: When the first condition is met, the first terminal device obtains a first identifier of at least one first model.

[0302] Among them, regarding the implementation of the first condition, please refer to the relevant introduction of the first condition in Method 1, and regarding the implementation of the first model, please refer to the relevant introduction of the third model in Method 1, which will not be repeated here.

[0303] For the implementation of S1003, please refer to the relevant introduction of S413c and will not be described in detail here.

[0304] S1004: The first terminal device sends indication information #20. Correspondingly, the network device receives indication information #20.

[0305] Regarding the implementation of indication information #20, please refer to the relevant introduction of indication information #16 in S413d. Regarding the implementation of S1004, please refer to the relevant introduction of S413d. No further details will be given here.

[0306] S1005 to S1007 may refer to the relevant introduction of S409 to S411 in sequence, and will not be described in detail.

[0307] In a possible implementation, the first model in S1005 may be the third model in S413d, and the first identifier of the first model may refer to the second identifier of the third model in S413d.

[0308] Among them, in S1005 to S1007, the steps performed by the core network device in S409 to S411 can be performed by the access network device. In other words, in S1005 to S1007, the steps performed by the core network device in S409 to S411 can be performed by the network device.

[0309] In some possible embodiments, the communication system may include an O-RAN architecture. In this case, the access network device may obtain, based on the RIC, whether the terminal device is authorized to obtain a model identification terminal device from the network device. In this case, in one embodiment, as shown in (a) of FIG11 , the communication method includes:

[0310] S1101a: The OAM server sends indication information #21. Correspondingly, the RIC receives indication information #21.

[0311] S1101b, the RIC sends indication information #22. Correspondingly, the access network device receives indication information #22.

[0312] It should be understood that if the access network device is a DU, the indication information # can be forwarded by the CU to the DU. The technical effects of the method provided in FIG10 can refer to the beneficial effects of the method provided in FIG3 and will not be described in detail.

[0313] In another embodiment, as shown in (b) of FIG11 , the communication method includes:

[0314] S1102a: The access network device sends indication information #23. Correspondingly, the RIC receives indication information #23.

[0315] Indication information #23 is used to indicate the correspondence between the terminal device and the model information.

[0316] S1102b, the RIC sends indication information #24. Correspondingly, the access network device receives indication information #24.

[0317] Indication information #24 is used to indicate the identifier of the model on the terminal device, such as the first identifier mentioned above.

[0318] It should be understood that if the access network device is a DU, the indication information #24 may be forwarded by the CU to the DU.

[0319] It should be understood that in the method provided in Figure 5 above, the access network device can determine the terminal device that is authorized to obtain the model identification from the network device in the manner shown in Figure 11. Optionally, the access network device can also determine the terminal device that is not authorized to obtain the model identification from the network device in the manner shown in Figure 11.

[0320] In some embodiments, model identifiers of terminals may be assigned based on devices from different manufacturers. In this case, a terminal device may obtain a first identifier of the model and forward the model identifier to other terminal devices via the manufacturer's server, such as an over-the-top (OTT) server. In this case, the communication method may include the steps shown in FIG. 12 . As shown in FIG. 12 , the communication method includes:

[0321] S1201: A first terminal device obtains a first identifier of each first model in at least one first model.

[0322] Each first model in the at least one first model is a model on the first terminal device.

[0323] Regarding the implementation of the first terminal device and at least one first model, please refer to the relevant introduction in S301 in the method provided in Figure 3. Regarding the implementation of S1201, please refer to the relevant introduction in S301 in the method provided in Figure 3, and no further details will be given.

[0324] S1202: The first terminal device sends an eleventh indication message, indication message #25. Correspondingly, the network device receives indication message #25.

[0325] The indication information #25 is used to indicate the first identifier of each first model in the at least one first model.

[0326] The network device may be an OTT server, and the indication information #25 may include a correspondence between each first model in at least one first model and a fourth identifier, wherein the fourth identifier is used to identify the model between the network device and the terminal device.

[0327] S1203: The network device sends the twelfth indication information, namely indication information #26. Correspondingly, the second terminal device receives indication information #26.

[0328] The indication information #26 is used to indicate the first identifier of the second model. The second model is a model on the second terminal device, and the first identifier of the first model in the at least one first model includes the first identifier of the second model.

[0329] S1204: The second terminal device stores the first identifier of the second model.

[0330] In a possible implementation, the similarity between the second model and any one of the at least one first model is greater than or equal to a similarity threshold.

[0331] For the implementation of the second model, please refer to the relevant introduction of the second model in the method provided in Figure 4, which will not be repeated here.

[0332] Based on the method provided in FIG12 , the first terminal device can obtain the first identifier of the first model on the first terminal device and send the eleventh indication information, thereby assigning the first identifier to the second model on the second terminal device. In this way, the process of assigning the identifier of the model to the second terminal device can be simplified. For example, the second terminal device can be prevented from sending model information to the network device, thereby reducing signaling overhead.

[0333] In some embodiments, the terminal device can collect data based on the configuration of the network device. For the implementation of collecting data, please refer to the communication method provided in Figure 13 below. As shown in Figure 13, the communication method includes:

[0334] S1301: A network device sends third configuration information. Correspondingly, a first terminal device receives the third configuration information.

[0335] The third configuration information is used to indicate one or more of the following: a data set identifier, a data format, and a size of the first data set.

[0336] Regarding the implementation of the third configuration information, please refer to the relevant introduction in the data collection process of Figure 7, and regarding the implementation process of S1301, please refer to the relevant introduction of S414a, which will not be described in detail.

[0337] S1302: The first terminal device sends fourth configuration information. Correspondingly, the second terminal device receives the fourth configuration information.

[0338] The fourth configuration information is related to the third configuration information, and is used to indicate one or more of the following items corresponding to the second terminal device: a data set identifier, a data format, and a second data set size. The second data set size is less than or equal to the first data set size.

[0339] Regarding the implementation of the fourth configuration information, reference may be made to the relevant introduction in the data collection process of FIG. 7 , and regarding the implementation process of S1302 , reference may be made to the relevant introduction in S414 b , which will not be described in detail here.

[0340] S1303: The second terminal device sends a first data set. Correspondingly, the first terminal device receives the first data set.

[0341] The data in the first data set is collected by the second terminal device according to the fourth configuration information.

[0342] Regarding the implementation of the first data set, please refer to the relevant introduction in the data collection process of Figure 7, and regarding the implementation process of S1303, please refer to the relevant introduction of S414c, which will not be repeated here.

[0343] S1304: The first terminal device sends a second data set. Correspondingly, the network device receives the second data set.

[0344] The second data set is determined based on the first data set and the third data set, and the third data set is collected by the first terminal device based on the third configuration information.

[0345] Regarding the implementation of the second data set, please refer to the relevant introduction in the data collection process of Figure 7, regarding the implementation of the third data set, please refer to the relevant introduction in the data collection process of Figure 7, and regarding the implementation process of S1304, please refer to the relevant introduction of S414d, which will not be repeated here. Based on the method provided in Figure 13, the first terminal device can obtain the third configuration information, determine the fourth configuration information of the second terminal device according to the third configuration information, and send the fourth configuration information to the network device. In this way, it is possible to avoid the network device from exchanging configuration information separately for each terminal device. In this way, it can be simplified to a data collection process, thereby reducing signaling overhead. The above is a detailed description of the communication method provided in the embodiment of the present application in combination with Figures 3 to 13. The following is a detailed description of the communication device for executing the communication method provided in the embodiment of the present application in combination with Figures 14 and 15.

[0346] For example, Figure 14 is a structural diagram of a communication device according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 14, a communication device 1400 includes a processing module 1401 and a transceiver module 1402. For ease of illustration, Figure 14 only shows the main components of the communication device.

[0347] Figure 14 is a structural diagram of a communication device according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 14, the communication device 1400 includes a transceiver module 1402 and a processing module 1401. For ease of illustration, Figure 14 only shows the main components of the communication device.

[0348] The transceiver module 1402 is used to perform the transceiver function of the method shown in FIG. 3 to FIG. 13 , and the processing module 1401 is used to perform other functions of the method shown in FIG. 7 to FIG. 12 except the transceiver function.

[0349] Optionally, the transceiver module 1402 may include a sending module (not shown in FIG14 ) and a receiving module (not shown in FIG14 ). The sending module is used to implement the sending function of the communication device 1400 , and the receiving module is used to implement the receiving function of the communication device 1400 .

[0350] Optionally, the communication device 1400 may further include a storage module (not shown in FIG. 14 ) storing a program or instruction. When the processing module 1401 executes the program or instruction, the communication device 1400 may perform the functions of the network device (e.g., VFL server, NEF, or AF, etc.) in the methods shown in FIG. 3 to FIG. 13 of the above method.

[0351] It can be understood that the communication device 1400 can be a network device, or a chip (system) or other parts or components that can be set in the network device, or a device that includes the network device, which is not limited in this application.

[0352] In addition, the technical effects of the communication device 1400 can refer to the technical effects of the communication method shown in Figures 3 to 13, and will not be repeated here.

[0353] For example, FIG15 is a second structural diagram of a communication device provided in an embodiment of the present application. The communication device may be a terminal device or a network device, or may be a chip (system) or other component or assembly that can be provided in a terminal device or a network device. As shown in FIG15 , the communication device 1500 may include a processor 1501. Optionally, the communication device 1500 may further include a memory 1502 and / or a transceiver 1503. The processor 1501 is coupled to the memory 1502 and the transceiver 1503, such as by a communication bus.

[0354] The following is a detailed introduction to the various components of the communication device 1500 with reference to FIG15 :

[0355] The processor 1501 is the control center of the communication device 1500 and can be a single processor or a collective term for multiple processing elements. For example, the processor 1501 can be one or more central processing units (CPUs), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or one or more integrated circuits configured to implement the embodiments of the present application, such as one or more digital signal processors (DSPs) or one or more field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs).

[0356] Optionally, the processor 1501 may execute various functions of the communication device 1500 by running or executing a software program stored in the memory 1502 and calling data stored in the memory 1502 .

[0357] In a specific implementation, as an embodiment, the processor 1501 may include one or more CPUs, such as CPU0 and CPU1 shown in FIG15 .

[0358] In a specific implementation, as an embodiment, the communication device 1500 may also include multiple processors, such as the processor 1501 and the processor 1504 shown in FIG15 . Each of these processors may be a single-core processor (single-CPU) or a multi-core processor (multi-CPU). The processor herein may refer to one or more devices, circuits, and / or processing cores for processing data (e.g., computer program instructions).

[0359] Among them, the memory 1502 is used to store the software program for executing the solution of this application, and the execution is controlled by the processor 1501. The specific implementation method can refer to the above method embodiment and will not be repeated here.

[0360] Alternatively, the memory 1502 may be a read-only memory (ROM) or other type of static storage device that can store static information and instructions, a random access memory (RAM) or other type of dynamic storage device that can store information and instructions, or an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), a compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM) or other optical disc storage, an optical disc storage (including a compact disc, laser disc, optical disc, digital versatile disc, Blu-ray disc, etc.), a magnetic disk storage medium or other magnetic storage device, or any other medium that can be used to carry or store desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures and can be accessed by a computer, but is not limited thereto. The memory 1502 may be integrated with the processor 1501 or exist independently and be coupled to the processor 1501 via an interface circuit (not shown in FIG. 15 ) of the communication device 1500. This embodiment of the present application does not specifically limit this.

[0361] Transceiver 1503 is used for communication with other communication devices. For example, if communication device 1500 is a terminal device, transceiver 1503 can be used to communicate with a network device or another terminal device. For another example, if communication device 1500 is a network device, transceiver 1503 can be used to communicate with a terminal device or another network device.

[0362] Optionally, the transceiver 1503 may include a receiver and a transmitter (not shown separately in FIG15 ), wherein the receiver is used to implement a receiving function, and the transmitter is used to implement a sending function.

[0363] Optionally, the transceiver 1503 can be integrated with the processor 1501, or can exist independently and be coupled to the processor 1501 through the interface circuit of the communication device 1500 (not shown in Figure 15). This embodiment of the present application does not specifically limit this.

[0364] It should be noted that the structure of the communication device 1500 shown in FIG15 does not constitute a limitation on the communication device. An actual communication device may include more or fewer components than shown in the figure, or combine certain components, or arrange the components differently.

[0365] In addition, the technical effects of the communication device 1500 can refer to the technical effects of the communication method described in the above method embodiment, and will not be repeated here.

[0366] It should be understood that the processor in the embodiments of the present application may be a CPU, but may also be other general-purpose processors, DSPs, ASICs, FPGAs, or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc. A general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or any conventional processor.

[0367] It should also be understood that the memory in the embodiments of the present application can be a volatile memory or a non-volatile memory, or can include both volatile and non-volatile memories. Among them, the non-volatile memory can be a ROM, a programmable read-only memory (PROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), an EEPROM, or a flash memory. The volatile memory can be a RAM, which is used as an external cache. By way of example but not limitation, many forms of RAM are available, such as static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), synchronous dynamic random access memory (SDRAM), double data rate synchronous dynamic random access memory (DDR SDRAM), enhanced synchronous dynamic random access memory (ESDRAM), synchronous link dynamic random access memory (SLDRAM), and direct rambus RAM (DR RAM).

[0368] The above embodiments can be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware (such as circuits), firmware or any other combination. When implemented using software, the above embodiments can be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions or computer programs. When the computer instructions or computer program are loaded or executed on a computer, the process or function described in the embodiment of the present application is generated in whole or in part. The computer can be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable device. The computer instructions can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another computer-readable storage medium. For example, the computer instructions can be transmitted from one website, computer, server or data center to another website, computer, server or data center via a wired (such as infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.) method. The computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer or a data storage device such as a server or data center that contains one or more available media sets. The available medium can be a magnetic medium (for example, a floppy disk, a hard disk, a tape), an optical medium (for example, a DVD), or a semiconductor medium. The semiconductor medium can be a solid-state drive.

[0369] It should be understood that the term "and / or" as used herein simply describes a relationship between associated objects, indicating that three possible relationships exist. For example, "A and / or B" can represent: A alone, A and B together, or B alone. A and B can be singular or plural. Furthermore, the character " / " as used herein generally indicates an "or" relationship between the associated objects, but it may also indicate an "and / or" relationship. For specific understanding, please refer to the context.

[0370] In this application, "at least one" means one or more, and "plurality" means two or more. "At least one of the following" or similar expressions refers to any combination of these items, including any combination of single or plural items. For example, at least one of a, b, or c can mean: a, b, c, ab, ac, bc, or abc, where a, b, and c can be single or plural.

[0371] It should be understood that in the various embodiments of the present application, the size of the serial numbers of the above-mentioned processes does not mean the order of execution. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of the present application.

[0372] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the units and algorithm steps of each example described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are performed in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Professional and technical personnel can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of this application.

[0373] Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for the convenience and brevity of description, the specific working processes of the systems, devices and units described above can refer to the corresponding processes in the aforementioned method embodiments and will not be repeated here.

[0374] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, devices and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device embodiments described above are merely schematic. For example, the division of the units is merely a logical function division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods, such as multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. Another point is that the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed can be through some interfaces, indirect coupling or communication connection of devices or units, which can be electrical, mechanical or other forms.

[0375] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of these units may be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0376] In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.

[0377] If the functions are implemented in the form of software functional units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present application, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or the part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions for enabling a computer device (which can be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the method described in each embodiment of the present application. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media that can store program codes, such as a USB flash drive, a mobile hard disk, a ROM, a RAM, a magnetic disk, or an optical disk.

[0378] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present application, but the scope of protection of the present application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this application should be included in the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be based on the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. A communication method, characterized in that: The method comprises: Obtaining a first identifier of each first model in at least one first model; wherein each first model in the at least one first model is a model on the first terminal device; Send a first indication message; wherein, the first indication message is used to indicate the first identifier of the second model; the second model is a model on the second terminal device, and the first identifier of the first model in the at least one first model includes the first identifier of the second model.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The similarity between the second model and any one of the at least one first model is greater than or equal to a similarity threshold.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that The obtaining of the first identifier of each first model in the at least one first model includes: Receive second indication information; wherein the second indication information is used to indicate the first identifier of each first model in the at least one first model.

4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that The method further comprises: Receive third indication information; wherein, the third indication information is used to indicate the models supported by the second terminal device, and the models supported by the second terminal device include the second model.

5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that The method further comprises: Receive fourth indication information; wherein, the fourth indication information is used to indicate that the first terminal device is a terminal device that is authorized to obtain the identification of the model from the network device, or the fourth indication information is used to indicate that the first terminal device forwards the identification of the model.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that The method further comprises: Send fifth indication information; wherein, the fifth indication information is used to indicate the group identifier and / or corresponding manufacturer information of the first terminal device.

7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that The method further comprises: When the first condition is met, the first terminal device sends sixth indication information; the sixth indication information is used to indicate model information of the third model; wherein the first condition includes one or more of the following: the number of training times of the first model in the at least one first model reaches a training number threshold, or the location of the first terminal device is outside the applicable range of the first identifiers of any multiple first models in the at least one first model; Receive seventh indication information; wherein the seventh indication information is used to indicate the second identifier of the third model.

8. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that The method further comprises: When a first condition is satisfied, obtaining a second identifier of a third model; wherein the first condition includes one or more of the following: the number of training times of the first model in the at least one first model reaches a training times threshold, or the location of the first terminal device is outside the applicable range of the first identifiers of any multiple first models in the at least one first model; the third model is a model that satisfies the first condition; Sending eighth indication information; wherein, the eighth indication information is used to indicate the second identifier of the third model.

9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that The method further comprises: Receive first configuration information; wherein the first configuration information is used to indicate an update method of the model identification; The obtaining of the second identifier of the third model includes: The second identifier of the third model is obtained according to the updating method.

10. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that The eighth indication information is further used to indicate the first identifier corresponding to the second identifier of the third model.

11. The method according to any one of claims 7 to 10, characterized in that If the first condition includes: the number of training times of a first model in the at least one first model reaches the training times threshold, then the third model is the first model in the at least one first model whose number of training times reaches the training times threshold; or If the first condition includes: the location of the first terminal device is outside the applicable scope of the first identifier of any first model in the at least one first model, then the third model is the first model in the at least one first model, the applicable scope of the first identifier of which does not include the location of the first terminal device; or If the first condition includes: the number of training times of the first model in the at least one first model reaches the training number threshold, and the location of the first terminal device is outside the applicable scope of the first identifier of any first model in the at least one first model, then the third model is the first model in the at least one first model whose number of training times reaches the training number threshold and the applicable scope of the first identifier does not include the location of the first terminal device.

12. The method according to any one of claims 7 to 11, characterized in that The method further comprises: Receive second configuration information; wherein the second configuration information is used to indicate the first condition.

13. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that The method further comprises: Receive third configuration information; the third configuration information is used to indicate one or more of the following: a data set identifier, a data format, and a size of the first data set; Sending fourth configuration information; wherein the fourth configuration information is related to the third configuration information, and the fourth configuration information is used to indicate one or more of the following corresponding to the second terminal device: the data set identifier, the data format, and the size of the second data set; the size of the second data set is less than or equal to the size of the first data set; receiving a first data set; the data in the first data set is collected by the second terminal device according to the fourth configuration information; Send a second data set; wherein the second data set is determined based on the first data set and a third data set, and the third data set is collected by the first terminal device based on the third configuration information.

14. A communication method, characterized in that: The method comprises: Sending fourth indication information; wherein the fourth indication information is used to indicate that the first terminal device is a terminal device authorized to obtain a model identifier from a network device, or the fourth indication information is used to instruct the first terminal device to forward the model identifier; Send second indication information; wherein, the second indication information is used to indicate the first identifier of each first model in the at least one first model; the first identifier of each first model in the at least one first model is determined based on the model information of each first model in the at least one first model.

15. The method according to claim 14, characterized in that The method further comprises: Send ninth indication information; wherein, the ninth indication information is used to indicate that the second terminal device is a terminal device that obtains a model identification from the terminal device.

16. The method according to claim 14 or 15, characterized in that The method further comprises: Receive fifth indication information; wherein, the fifth indication information is used to indicate the group identifier and / or corresponding manufacturer information of the group to which the first terminal device belongs.

17. The method according to claim 14, characterized in that The method further comprises: Receive tenth indication information; wherein the tenth indication information is used to request allocation of a model identifier for the at least one first model.

18. The method according to any one of claims 14 to 17, characterized in that The method further comprises: Receive sixth indication information; the sixth indication information is used to indicate model information of the third model; wherein the first condition includes one or more of the following: the number of training times of the first model in the at least one first model reaches a training number threshold, or the location of the first terminal device is outside the applicable range of the first identifiers of any multiple first models in the at least one first model; Send seventh indication information; wherein, the seventh indication information is used to indicate the second identifier of the third model.

19. The method according to any one of claims 14 to 17, wherein: The method further comprises: Receive eighth indication information; wherein, the eighth indication information is reported by the first terminal device when the first condition is met, and the eighth indication information is used to indicate the second identifier of the third model; the first condition includes one or more of the following: the number of training times of the first model in the at least one first model reaches the training number threshold, or the location of the first terminal device is outside the applicable scope of the first identifier of any multiple first models in the at least one first model.

20. The method according to claim 19, characterized in that The eighth indication information is further used to indicate the first identifier corresponding to the second identifier of the third model.

21. The method according to claim 19, wherein The method further comprises: Sending first configuration information; wherein, the first configuration information is used to indicate the update method of the model identification.

22. The method according to any one of claims 18 to 21, characterized in that If the first condition includes: the number of training times of a first model in the at least one first model reaches the training times threshold, then the third model is the first model in the at least one first model whose number of training times reaches the training times threshold; or If the first condition includes: the location of the first terminal device is outside the applicable scope of the first identifier of any first model in the at least one first model, then the third model is the first model in the at least one first model, the applicable scope of the first identifier of which does not include the location of the first terminal device; or If the first condition includes: the number of training times of the first model in the at least one first model reaches the training number threshold, and the location of the first terminal device is outside the applicable scope of the first identifier of any first model in the at least one first model, then the third model is the first model in the at least one first model whose number of training times reaches the training number threshold and the applicable scope of the first identifier does not include the location of the first terminal device.

23. The method according to any one of claims 18 to 22, characterized in that The method further comprises: Send second configuration information; wherein, the second configuration information is used to indicate the first condition.

24. The method according to any one of claims 14 to 23, wherein: The method further comprises: Sending third configuration information; the third configuration information is used to indicate one or more of the following: a data set identifier, a data format, and a size of the first data set; Receive a second data set; wherein, the second data set is determined based on the first data set and the third data set, the first data set is collected by the second terminal device based on the fourth configuration information, the fourth configuration information is related to the third configuration information, and the fourth configuration information is used to indicate one or more of the following corresponding to the second terminal device: the data set identifier, the data format, and the second data set size; the second data set size is less than or equal to the first data set size, and the third data set is collected by the first terminal device based on the third configuration information.

25. A communication device, characterized in that: include: a processor coupled to the memory; The processor is configured to execute the computer program stored in the memory, so that the communication device executes the communication method according to any one of claims 1 to 24.

26. A communication device, characterized in that: include: processor and interface circuit; wherein, The interface circuit is used to receive code instructions and transmit them to the processor; The processor is configured to execute the code instructions to perform the method according to any one of claims 1 to 24.

27. A communication device, characterized in that: The communication device includes a processor and a transceiver, the transceiver is used to exchange information between the communication device and other communication devices, and the processor executes program instructions to perform the communication method according to any one of claims 1 to 24.

28. A processor, characterized in that: include: The processor is configured to execute the communication method according to any one of claims 1 to 24.

29. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that The computer-readable storage medium includes a computer program or instructions, and when the computer program or instructions are executed on a computer, the computer is caused to perform the communication method according to any one of claims 1 to 24.

30. A computer program product, characterized in that The computer program product comprises: a computer program or instructions, and when the computer program or instructions are run on a computer, the computer is caused to perform the communication method according to any one of claims 1 to 24.

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