Channel coding method and apparatus, and communication apparatus and storage medium

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to a channel coding method and apparatus, and a communication apparatus and a storage medium. In at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, for a device, predefined first channel-coding bits can use a relatively complex coding mode, and first channel-coding information is a function of the first channel-coding bits; therefore, the first channel-coding information sent by the device uses a relatively complex coding mode. Compared with the related art in which an A-IoT device is a passive device or a device with low power consumption and thus can only use a relatively simple code, for example, a line code, and cannot use a relatively complex coding mode, in the present disclosure, the first channel-coding information uses the relatively complex coding mode, the performance of which is better than that of the line code, such that the uplink coverage distance of the device can be prolonged, thereby improving the uplink coverage performance of the device.

Description

Channel coding method, device, communication device and storage medium

[0001] CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0002] This disclosure claims priority to Chinese patent application number 202410403786.5 filed with the Patent Office of China on April 3, 2024, entitled “A channel coding method, device, communication device and storage medium,” the entire contents of which are incorporated by reference into this disclosure. Technical Field

[0003] The embodiments of the present disclosure relate to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a channel coding method, device, communication device, and storage medium. Background Art

[0004] Ambient Internet of Things (A-IoT) devices have limited or no power supply and are characterized by low energy consumption. A-IoT devices include three types: Device A, B, and C. Device A or B lacks a battery and has limited or no power supply, making it incapable of active communication. Device C, on the other hand, can actively send signals.

[0005] Due to the low energy consumption characteristics of A-IoT devices, the communication distance of A-IoT devices is limited. Therefore, it is considered to use an intermediate node (such as a reader) to transmit the uplink signal of the A-IoT device. Device A or B is a passive IoT device with energy harvesting function. It cannot generate signals independently. It can only encode, modulate, and reflect the received signal (such as a carrier wave (CW) signal, an excitation signal, etc.) to obtain a backscattered signal (Backscattered Signal) from the A-IoT device to the base station or the intermediate node. The backscattered signal can be called the uplink signal of the A-IoT device or the D2R (Device to Reader) signal. Therefore, it is urgent to provide a channel coding scheme suitable for A-IoT devices. Summary of the Invention

[0006] At least one embodiment of the present disclosure provides a channel coding method, apparatus, communication device, and storage medium.

[0007] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a channel coding method, applied to a transmitting end, the method comprising:

[0008] Determining first channel coding information corresponding to the first information, where the first channel coding information includes: a first channel coding bit or a function of the first channel coding bit predefined by a protocol, or a channel coding bit or a function of the channel coding bit obtained by channel coding the first information by a transmitting end;

[0009] The first channel coding information is sent to the receiving end.

[0010] In some embodiments, the channel coding method further comprises:

[0011] Performing second channel coding on the second information to obtain second channel coded information, wherein the second information is information unknown in advance between the receiving end and the transmitting end;

[0012] The second channel coding information is sent to the receiving end.

[0013] In some embodiments, sending the first channel coding information to the receiving end and sending the second channel coding information to the receiving end include:

[0014] After serial concatenation of the first channel coded information and the second channel coded information, the concatenation is sent to a receiving end via a channel;

[0015] Alternatively, the first channel coding information and the second channel coding information are sent to the receiving end via different channels respectively.

[0016] In some embodiments, determining first channel coding information corresponding to the first information includes:

[0017] Determining, based on a pre-stored or protocol-predefined first channel coding bit, and / or based on the indicated first channel coding association information, the first channel coding bit or a function of the first channel coding bit corresponding to the first information;

[0018] Alternatively, based on pre-stored or protocol-predefined first channel coding association information and / or based on indicated first channel coding association information, performing first channel coding on the first information to obtain first channel coding bits or a function of the first channel coding bits;

[0019] Alternatively, based on pre-stored or protocol-predefined associated information of first channel coding and / or based on indicated associated information of first channel coding, first channel coding is performed on the first information to obtain first channel coded bits; and based on pre-stored or protocol-predefined associated information of second channel coding and / or based on indicated associated information of second channel coding, second channel coding is performed on the first channel coded bits or a function of the first channel coded bits to obtain third channel coded bits corresponding to the first information.

[0020] In some embodiments, the first channel coding includes at least one of the following:

[0021] Convolutional codes, Polar codes, LDPC codes, Turbo codes, RM codes, Golay codes, BCH codes, line codes, and repetition codes;

[0022] The second channel coding includes at least one of the following:

[0023] Convolutional codes, repetition codes, Manchester codes, FM0 codes, Miller codes, and Miller M codes.

[0024] In some embodiments, the associated information of the first channel coding includes a channel coding type and / or a channel coding parameter and / or a channel coding rule, wherein the channel coding parameter includes at least one of the following:

[0025] Fixed encoding bit rate;

[0026] Number of repetitions.

[0027] In some embodiments, the channel coding rule includes a repetition mode, and the repetition mode includes any one of the following:

[0028] Repeat encoding each bit based on the number of repetitions, and serially concatenate each bit after repeated encoding;

[0029] All bits are repeatedly encoded as a whole based on the number of repetitions, and all bits are repeatedly encoded as a whole and then serially concatenated;

[0030] All bits are divided into multiple groups, each group is repeatedly encoded as a whole based on the number of repetitions, and each group is repeatedly encoded as a whole and then serially concatenated.

[0031] In some embodiments, the first information includes at least one of the following:

[0032] Identification information of the sender;

[0033] The group identification information of the sending end;

[0034] Response information and / or confirmation information corresponding to the reader-to-device R2D indication channel or R2D indication signal;

[0035] The R2D indicator channel or the query information associated with the R2D indicator signal or the response information and / or confirmation information of the query information.

[0036] In some embodiments, determining first channel coding information corresponding to the first information, and / or performing second channel coding on the second information to obtain second channel coding information includes:

[0037] After receiving the downlink indication, first channel coding information corresponding to the first information is determined, and / or second channel coding is performed on the second information to obtain second channel coding information.

[0038] In some embodiments, the downlink indication includes at least one of the following:

[0039] Indicating a channel coding type and / or channel coding parameters adopted by the first information;

[0040] Instruct the activated device to initiate a DO-A service or activate the device;

[0041] Instruct the device to report its capabilities;

[0042] Indicating a channel coding type and / or channel coding parameters and / or channel coding rule of a first channel coding, and / or a channel coding type and / or channel coding parameters and / or channel coding rule of a second channel coding, wherein the channel coding type and / or channel coding parameters and / or channel coding rule of the first channel coding are associated with the first information, and the channel coding type and / or channel coding parameters and / or channel coding rule of the second channel coding are associated with the first information or the second information.

[0043] In some embodiments, determining first channel coding information corresponding to the first information includes:

[0044] If the channel coding rate indicated by the downlink indication is less than the channel coding rate predefined by the protocol, determining that the first channel coding information corresponding to the first information includes: a first channel coding bit and / or a repetition of the first channel coding bit;

[0045] Alternatively, if the channel coding rate indicated by the downlink indication is greater than the channel coding rate predefined in the protocol, it is determined that the first channel coding information corresponding to the first information includes: coded bits obtained by puncturing the first channel coding bits.

[0046] In some embodiments, the first information is information known in advance by the sending end and the receiving end.

[0047] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a channel coding device, applied to a transmitting end, the device comprising:

[0048] A first unit is configured to determine first channel coding information corresponding to the first information, where the first channel coding information includes: a first channel coding bit or a function of the first channel coding bit predefined by a protocol, or a channel coding bit or a function of the channel coding bit obtained by channel coding the first information by a transmitting end;

[0049] The second unit is configured to send first channel coding information to a receiving end.

[0050] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a communication device, which includes a memory, a transceiver, and a processor;

[0051] A memory for storing computer programs; a transceiver for transmitting and receiving data under the control of a processor; and a processor for reading the computer programs in the memory and executing:

[0052] Determining first channel coding information corresponding to the first information, where the first channel coding information includes: a first channel coding bit or a function of the first channel coding bit predefined by a protocol, or a channel coding bit or a function of the channel coding bit obtained by channel coding the first information by a transmitting end;

[0053] The first channel coding information is sent to the receiving end.

[0054] In some embodiments, the processor is further configured to:

[0055] Performing second channel coding on the second information to obtain second channel coded information, wherein the second information is information unknown in advance between the receiving end and the transmitting end;

[0056] The second channel coding information is sent to the receiving end.

[0057] In some embodiments, sending the first channel coding information to the receiving end and sending the second channel coding information to the receiving end include:

[0058] After serial concatenation of the first channel coded information and the second channel coded information, the concatenation is sent to a receiving end via a channel;

[0059] Alternatively, the first channel coding information and the second channel coding information are sent to the receiving end via different channels respectively.

[0060] In some embodiments, determining first channel coding information corresponding to the first information includes:

[0061] Determining, based on a pre-stored or protocol-predefined first channel coding bit, and / or based on the indicated first channel coding association information, the first channel coding bit or a function of the first channel coding bit corresponding to the first information;

[0062] Alternatively, based on pre-stored or protocol-predefined first channel coding association information and / or based on indicated first channel coding association information, performing first channel coding on the first information to obtain first channel coding bits or a function of the first channel coding bits;

[0063] Alternatively, based on pre-stored or protocol-predefined associated information of first channel coding and / or based on indicated associated information of first channel coding, first channel coding is performed on the first information to obtain first channel coded bits; and based on pre-stored or protocol-predefined associated information of second channel coding and / or based on indicated associated information of second channel coding, second channel coding is performed on the first channel coded bits or a function of the first channel coded bits to obtain third channel coded bits corresponding to the first information.

[0064] In some embodiments, the first channel coding includes at least one of the following:

[0065] Convolutional codes, Polar codes, LDPC codes, Turbo codes, RM codes, Golay codes, BCH codes, line codes, and repetition codes;

[0066] The second channel coding includes at least one of the following:

[0067] Convolutional codes, repetition codes, Manchester codes, FM0 codes, Miller codes, and Miller-M codes.

[0068] In some embodiments, the associated information of the first channel coding includes a channel coding type and / or a channel coding parameter and / or a channel coding rule, wherein the channel coding parameter includes at least one of the following:

[0069] Fixed encoding bit rate;

[0070] Number of repetitions.

[0071] In some embodiments, the channel coding rule includes a repetition mode, and the repetition mode includes any one of the following:

[0072] Repeat encoding each bit based on the number of repetitions, and serially concatenate each bit after repeated encoding;

[0073] All bits are repeatedly encoded as a whole based on the number of repetitions, and all bits are repeatedly encoded as a whole and then serially concatenated;

[0074] All bits are divided into multiple groups, each group is repeatedly encoded as a whole based on the number of repetitions, and each group is repeatedly encoded as a whole and then serially concatenated.

[0075] In some embodiments, the first information includes at least one of the following:

[0076] Identification information of the sender;

[0077] The group identification information of the sending end;

[0078] Response information and / or confirmation information corresponding to the reader-to-device R2D indication channel or R2D indication signal;

[0079] The R2D indicator channel or the query information associated with the R2D indicator signal or the response information and / or confirmation information of the query information.

[0080] In some embodiments, determining first channel coding information corresponding to the first information, and / or performing second channel coding on the second information to obtain second channel coding information includes:

[0081] After receiving the downlink indication, first channel coding information corresponding to the first information is determined, and / or second channel coding is performed on the second information to obtain second channel coding information.

[0082] In some embodiments, the downlink indication includes at least one of the following:

[0083] Indicating a channel coding type and / or channel coding parameters adopted by the first information;

[0084] Instruct the activated device to initiate a DO-A service or activate the device;

[0085] Instruct the device to report its capabilities;

[0086] Indicating a channel coding type and / or channel coding parameters and / or channel coding rule of a first channel coding, and / or a channel coding type and / or channel coding parameters and / or channel coding rule of a second channel coding, wherein the channel coding type and / or channel coding parameters and / or channel coding rule of the first channel coding are associated with the first information, and the channel coding type and / or channel coding parameters and / or channel coding rule of the second channel coding are associated with the first information or the second information.

[0087] In some embodiments, determining first channel coding information corresponding to the first information includes:

[0088] If the channel coding rate indicated by the downlink indication is less than the channel coding rate predefined by the protocol, determining that the first channel coding information corresponding to the first information includes: a first channel coding bit and / or a repetition of the first channel coding bit;

[0089] Alternatively, if the channel coding rate indicated by the downlink indication is greater than the channel coding rate predefined in the protocol, it is determined that the first channel coding information corresponding to the first information includes: coded bits obtained by puncturing the first channel coding bits.

[0090] In some embodiments, the first information is information known in advance by the sending end and the receiving end.

[0091] In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure further proposes a processor-readable storage medium, which stores a program, and the program is used to enable the processor to execute the channel coding method of any embodiment of the first aspect.

[0092] In at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, for a device, since the predefined first channel coding bit can adopt a more complex coding method (such as forward error correction coding), the first channel coding information is a function of the first channel coding bit, and therefore the uplink data sent by the device (i.e., the first channel coding information) adopts a more complex coding method. Compared with the A-IoT devices in the related art, which are passive devices or low-power devices and can only adopt simpler coding (such as line codes) but not more complex forward error correction coding, the uplink data (first channel coding information) in the present disclosure adopts a more complex forward error correction coding, which has better performance than line codes, can extend the uplink coverage distance of the device, and thus improve the uplink coverage performance of the device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0093] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present disclosure, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or related technical descriptions. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present disclosure. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0094] Figure 1 shows a communication scenario between a base station and an A-IoT device;

[0095] Figure 2 shows another communication scenario between a base station and an A-IoT device;

[0096] FIG3 is a schematic flow chart of a channel coding method provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0097] FIG4 is a schematic flow chart of another channel coding method provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0098] FIG5 is a schematic diagram of a channel coding device provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0099] FIG6 is a schematic diagram of a communication device provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0100] In order to more clearly understand the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the present disclosure, the present disclosure is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It will be understood that the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present disclosure, rather than all of the embodiments. The specific embodiments described herein are merely used to explain the present disclosure, rather than to limit the present disclosure. Based on the described embodiments of the present disclosure, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art are within the scope of protection of the present disclosure.

[0101] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as “first” and “second” are merely used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations.

[0102] Figure 1 shows a communication scenario between a base station and an A-IoT device. In Figure 1, the base station sends an incident signal to the A-IoT device, and the A-IoT device reflects the incident signal to the base station. The reflected signal carries modulation information, such as the identification (ID) information of the A-IoT device. Figure 2 shows another communication scenario between a base station and an A-IoT device. In Figure 2, the outdoor base station first uses the air interface (i.e., Uu interface) to transmit data to the indoor intermediate node (IN). The indoor intermediate node sends an incident signal to the A-IoT device, and the A-IoT device reflects the incident signal. The indoor intermediate node receives the reflected signal from the A-IoT device, and the reflected signal carries modulation information.

[0103] Device Originated-Device Terminated Triggered (DO-DTT) and Device Terminated (DT) are two service types. Both types of services involve Device Terminated Triggered (DT) signaling. DT signaling is downlink indication signaling from a base station or intermediate node that terminates at the device. DT carries information (for example, querying the shelf life of goods in a warehouse) and is sent to the device via an R2D (Reader to Device) downlink signal or downlink channel or forward indication signal or forward indication channel. This triggers the device to communicate (for example, querying the shelf life of goods in a warehouse).

[0104] Since A-IoT devices are passive devices or low-power devices, under limited energy conditions, the multi-antenna operation (such as MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple Output) transmission) and complex channel coding (such as Forward Error Correction (FEC) coding) of the NR (New Radio) system involved in the A-IoT device side are difficult to implement. Therefore, in the RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) communication system, the uplink channel coding technology used by the RFID tag (Tag) is line code (Line Code) rather than forward error correction coding. The line code used by the tag in the RFID standard is FM0 coding (i.e., Bi-Phase Space Coding) and Miller coding (i.e., delay modulation code).

[0105] The disadvantage of line codes is their poor performance, resulting in a short coverage distance. For example, the uplink coverage distance of existing RFID tags does not exceed 10 meters, while the target uplink coverage distance of A-IoT devices is 50 meters. Therefore, line codes are not suitable for A-IoT devices. Therefore, this disclosure proposes a channel coding scheme suitable for A-IoT devices, which can achieve good D2R (Device to Reader) signal coverage performance with low complexity, that is, improve the uplink coverage performance of A-IoT devices.

[0106] At least one embodiment of the present disclosure provides a channel coding method, device, communication device or storage medium. For the device, since the predefined first channel coding bit can adopt a more complex coding method (such as forward error correction coding), the first channel coding information is a function of the first channel coding bit. Therefore, the uplink data sent by the device (i.e., the first channel coding information) adopts a more complex coding method. Compared with the A-IoT devices in the related art, which are passive devices or low-power devices and can only adopt simpler coding (such as line codes) but not more complex forward error correction coding, the uplink data (first channel coding information) in the present disclosure adopts a more complex forward error correction coding, which has better performance than line codes and can extend the uplink coverage distance of the device, thereby improving the uplink coverage performance of the device.

[0107] FIG3 is a flow chart of a channel coding method provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure, which is applied to a transmitting end. As shown in FIG3 , the channel coding method may include but is not limited to steps 301 and 302:

[0108] In step 101, first channel coding information corresponding to first information is determined, where the first channel coding information includes: a first channel coding bit or a function of the first channel coding bit predefined by a protocol, or a channel coding bit or a function of the channel coding bit obtained by a transmitter performing channel coding on the first information.

[0109] The first information includes at least one of the following:

[0110] Identification information of the sender;

[0111] The group identification information of the sending end;

[0112] Response information and / or confirmation information corresponding to the Reader to Device (R2D) indication channel or the R2D indication signal;

[0113] The R2D indicator channel or the query information associated with the R2D indicator signal or the response information and / or confirmation information of the query information.

[0114] In step 302, first channel coding information is sent to a receiving end.

[0115] If the transmitting end is a device (e.g., an A-IoT device) and the receiving end is a reader (e.g., a base station or an intermediate node), the first information is first D2R (Device to Reader) information, which is pre-known between the device and the reader. The device transmits first channel coded information corresponding to the first D2R information to the reader via the D2R channel (i.e., the uplink channel).

[0116] If the sending end is a reader and the receiving end is a device, the first information is first R2D (Reader to Device) information. The reader sends first channel coding information corresponding to the first R2D information to the device in an R2D channel (ie, a downlink channel).

[0117] In some embodiments, in step 301, determining the first channel coding information corresponding to the first information may adopt one of the following three methods:

[0118] Method 1: Determine the first channel coding bit or a function of the first channel coding bit corresponding to the first information based on a pre-stored or protocol-predefined first channel coding bit and / or based on the indicated first channel coding association information.

[0119] In method 1, the first channel coding bit corresponding to the first information can be predefined by the protocol or pre-stored at the transmitting end, so that the transmitting end can determine the first channel coding bit corresponding to the first information without encoding the first information, or the transmitting end only needs to perform simple encoding on the first channel coding bit, such as repetition or puncturing, to determine the function of the first channel coding bit corresponding to the first information, thereby improving the coding efficiency of the transmitting end.

[0120] In method 1, if the first channel coding bits are pre-stored or pre-defined by protocol, and the transmitting end also receives information associated with the indicated first channel coding, the associated information including, for example, the channel coding type and / or channel coding parameters and / or channel coding rules, as described in detail below. The transmitting end then first determines the first channel coding bits corresponding to the first information and then, based on the associated information for the first channel coding, performs simple encoding, such as repetition or puncturing, on the first channel coding bits to obtain a function of the first channel coding bits corresponding to the first information to match the associated information for the first channel coding. For example, if the code rate of the first channel coding bits pre-stored on the device is 1 / 2, and the code rate of the indicated first channel coding is 1 / 4, the device first determines the first channel coding bits corresponding to the first information and then performs repeated encoding on the first channel coding bits to obtain a function of the first channel coding bits having a code rate of 1 / 4.

[0121] Mode 2: Based on pre-stored or protocol-predefined first channel coding association information and / or indicated first channel coding association information, perform first channel coding on the first information to obtain first channel coding bits or a function of first channel coding bits.

[0122] In the second method, if the associated information of the first channel code is pre-stored or pre-defined by the protocol, when the transmitting end receives the indicated associated information of the first channel code, the transmitting end first performs the first channel coding on the first information based on the pre-stored or pre-defined associated information of the first channel code to obtain the first channel coded bits corresponding to the first information. Then, the transmitting end performs a simple encoding, such as repetition or puncturing, on the first channel coded bits based on the indicated associated information of the first channel code to obtain a function of the first channel coded bits corresponding to the first information to match the indicated associated information of the first channel code. For example, if the code rate of the first channel code pre-stored on the device is 1 / 2, and the code rate of the indicated first channel code is 1 / 4, the device first performs the first channel coding on the first information based on the code rate of 1 / 2 to obtain the first channel coded bits corresponding to the first information. Then, the device performs repetition encoding on the first channel coded bits to obtain a function of the first channel coded bits having a code rate of 1 / 4.

[0123] Method three: Based on pre-stored or protocol-predefined first channel coding association information and / or based on indicated first channel coding association information, performing first channel coding on the first information to obtain first channel coded bits; based on pre-stored or protocol-predefined second channel coding association information and / or based on indicated second channel coding association information, performing second channel coding on the first channel coded bits or a function of the first channel coded bits to obtain third channel coded bits corresponding to the first information.

[0124] In the third mode, the associated information of the first channel coding and the associated information of the second channel coding may include a channel coding type and / or a channel coding parameter and / or a channel coding rule, which is specifically described as follows:

[0125] The channel coding type of the first channel coding includes at least one of the following: convolutional code, Polar code, LDPC (Low Density Parity Check) code, Turbo code, RM (Reed-Muller) code, Golay code, BCH code, line code and repetition code.

[0126] The channel coding type of the second channel coding includes at least one of the following: a convolutional code, a repetition code, a Manchester code, an FM0 code, a Miller code, and a Miller M code.

[0127] The channel coding parameters of the first channel coding and the channel coding parameters of the second channel coding may include at least one of the following: a fixed coding rate and a number of repetitions. For example, the fixed coding rate may be any of the following: 1 / 2, 1 / 3, 1 / 4, 1 / 5, 1 / 6, or 1 / 8. The number of repetitions is denoted as N, where N may be any of the following: 2, 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, 24, 28, 32, or 64, or a subset thereof.

[0128] The channel coding rule of the first channel coding and the channel coding rule of the second channel coding may include a repetition mode, and the repetition mode includes any one of the following three modes:

[0129] Repetition method 1: Each bit is repeatedly encoded based on the number of repetitions, and each bit is serially concatenated after repeated encoding. Taking the first channel coding as an example, each bit refers to each bit in the first channel coded bits corresponding to the first information. For example, there are K bits, denoted as {x1, x2, x3, …, xk}. Each bit is repeatedly encoded 4 times and then serially concatenated, resulting in K × 4 coded bits: {x1, x1, x1, x1, x2, x2, x2, x3, x3, x3, x3, …, xk, xk, xk, xk}.

[0130] Repetition method 2: All bits are repeatedly encoded as a whole based on the number of repetitions. All bits are then serially concatenated after being repeatedly encoded as a whole. Taking the first channel coding as an example, all bits refer to all bits in the first channel coded bits corresponding to the first information. For example, there are K bits, denoted as {x1, x2, x3, …, xk}. All bits are repeatedly encoded as a whole four times and then serially concatenated, resulting in K × 4 coded bits: {x1, x2, x3, …, xk, x1, x2, x3, …, xk, x1, x2, x3, …, xk, x1, x2, x3, …, xk}.

[0131] Repetition method three: Divide all bits into multiple groups, repeatedly encode each group as a whole based on the number of repetitions, and serially concatenate each group after repeated encoding as a whole. Taking the first channel coding as an example, all bits refer to all bits in the first channel coded bits corresponding to the first information. For example, there are K bits in total, recorded as {x1, x2, x3, …., xk}, divided into multiple groups, each with T bits, such as T = 2, then it is actually divided into K / T groups: {x1, x2}, {x3, x4}, {x5, x6}, …, {xk-1, xk}, each group is repeatedly encoded 4 times as a whole, and then serially concatenated in the order of grouping to obtain K×4 coded bits: {x1,x2},{x1,x2},{x1,x2},{x1,x2},{x3,x4},{x3,x4},{x3,x4},{x3,x4},{x5,x 6},{x5,x6},{x5,x6},{x5,x6},…,{xk-1,xk},{xk-1,xk},{xk-1,xk},{xk-1,xk}.

[0132] Based on Figure 3, Figure 4 is a flow chart of another channel coding method provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure, which is applied to the transmitting end. As shown in Figure 4, the channel coding method may include but is not limited to steps 401 and 402:

[0133] In step 401, first channel coding information corresponding to first information is determined, and second channel coding is performed on second information to obtain second channel coding information, wherein the second information is information previously unknown to the receiving end and the transmitting end. The previously unknown information includes, but is not limited to, high-level information, such as high-level security information (e.g., high-level encryption information).

[0134] In step 402, first channel coding information and second channel coding information are sent to a receiving end.

[0135] If the transmitting end is a device and the receiving end is a reader, the first information is first D2R information, which is information known in advance between the device and the reader, and the second information is second D2R information, which is information unknown in advance between the device and the reader. The device transmits first channel coding information corresponding to the first D2R information and second channel coding information corresponding to the second D2R information to the reader on a D2R channel (i.e., an uplink channel).

[0136] If the transmitter is a reader and the receiver is a device, the first information is the first R2D information and the second information is the second R2D information. The reader sends the first channel coding information corresponding to the first R2D information and the second channel coding information corresponding to the second R2D information to the device in the R2D channel (i.e., downlink channel).

[0137] In some embodiments, in step 401, the first channel coding includes at least one of the following: convolutional code, Polar code, LDPC (Low Density Parity Check) code, Turbo code, RM (Reed-Muller) code, Golay code, BCH code, line code and repetition code.

[0138] The second channel coding includes at least one of the following: a convolutional code, a repetition code, a Manchester code, an FM0 code, a Miller code, and a Miller M code.

[0139] It can be seen that the coding complexity of the first channel coding is higher than the coding complexity of the second channel coding.

[0140] In some embodiments, in step 402, the first channel coding information and the second channel coding information are sent to the receiving end in one of the following two ways:

[0141] Method 1: After serial concatenation of the first channel coding information and the second channel coding information, the concatenation is sent to the receiving end via one channel.

[0142] Method 2: The first channel coding information and the second channel coding information are sent to the receiving end through different channels respectively.

[0143] If the transmitting end is a device and the receiving end is a reader, the device serially concatenates the first channel coding information corresponding to the first D2R information and the second channel coding information corresponding to the second D2R information, and then sends the concatenated information to the reader via the same D2R channel. Alternatively, the device sends the first channel coding information corresponding to the first D2R information and the second channel coding information corresponding to the second D2R information to the reader via different D2R channels.

[0144] If the transmitting end is a reader and the receiving end is a device, the reader serially concatenates the first channel coding information corresponding to the first R2D information and the second channel coding information corresponding to the second R2D information, and then sends the concatenation to the device via the same R2D channel. Alternatively, the reader sends the first channel coding information corresponding to the first R2D information and the second channel coding information corresponding to the second R2D information to the device via different R2D channels.

[0145] In some embodiments, if the transmitting end is a device and the receiving end is a reader, determining the first channel coding information corresponding to the first information in step 401 and performing second channel coding on the second information to obtain the second channel coding information include:

[0146] After receiving the downlink indication sent by the reader, the device determines the first channel coding information corresponding to the first information, and performs second channel coding on the second information to obtain second channel coding information.

[0147] The downlink instruction includes at least one of the following:

[0148] Indicating a channel coding type and / or channel coding parameters adopted by the first information;

[0149] Instructs the activation device to initiate a Device Originated-Autonomous Device (DO-A) service or activate the device;

[0150] Instruct the device to report its capabilities;

[0151] Indicating a channel coding type and / or channel coding parameters and / or channel coding rule of a first channel coding, and / or a channel coding type and / or channel coding parameters and / or channel coding rule of a second channel coding, wherein the channel coding type and / or channel coding parameters and / or channel coding rule of the first channel coding are associated with the first information, and the channel coding type and / or channel coding parameters and / or channel coding rule of the second channel coding are associated with the first information or the second information.

[0152] For example, if the channel coding rate indicated by the downlink indication is less than the channel coding rate predefined by the protocol, the device determines that the first channel coding information corresponding to the first information includes: the first channel coding bit and / or a repetition of the first channel coding bit. Example: If the channel coding rate predefined by the protocol is 1 / 2, and the channel coding rate indicated by the downlink indication is 1 / 4, the device first determines the first channel coding bit corresponding to the first information, and then repeatedly encodes the first channel coding bit to obtain a function of the first channel coding bit having a code rate of 1 / 4.

[0153] For another example, if the channel coding rate indicated by the downlink indication is greater than the channel coding rate predefined by the protocol, the device determines that the first channel coding information corresponding to the first information includes: coded bits obtained by puncturing the first channel coding bits. Example: If the channel coding rate predefined by the protocol is 1 / 4, and the channel coding rate indicated by the downlink indication is 1 / 2, the device first determines the first channel coding bits corresponding to the first information, then punctures the first channel coding bits to obtain a function of first channel coding bits having a code rate of 1 / 2, where the bits punctured are redundant bits.

[0154] Example 1

[0155] In this embodiment, the transmitting end is a device, and the receiving end is a reader. The device pre-stores or pre-defines a protocol for a first channel coding bit and the first information corresponding to the first channel coding bit. That is, the device pre-knows the correspondence between the first information and the first channel coding bit. The first channel coding bit is a coded bit with a fixed coding rate, where the fixed coding rate can be one of {1 / 8, 1 / 6, 1 / 5, 1 / 4, 1 / 3, 1 / 2}.

[0156] In this embodiment, the first channel coding bit is obtained by forward error correction (FEC) coding.

[0157] For example, the first channel coding bit may be obtained by encoding a Polar code. The mother code length may not exceed 256 bits and may be 16 bits, 32 bits, 64 bits, or 128 bits. The mother code length may be predefined by the protocol. The corresponding bit index (bit index) before encoding, i.e., the Polar sequence, may be predefined by the protocol.

[0158] For another example, the first channel coding bit may be obtained by using a convolutional code, and the fixed coding rate is 1 / 2 or 1 / 3.

[0159] For another example, the first channel coding bits may be obtained by encoding with an LDPC code or a Turbo code, and the fixed coding rate is 1 / 2, 1 / 3, or 1 / 5.

[0160] For another example, the first channel coding bit may be obtained by repeated coding, and the number of repetitions and the repetition mode may be predefined by a protocol.

[0161] In this embodiment, the process of the device performing channel coding includes the following steps 1 to 3:

[0162] Step 1: The device receives an R2D downlink indication sent by a reader, where the downlink indication is used to indicate a channel coding type and / or channel coding parameters and / or channel coding rules used by the first information.

[0163] In this embodiment, the first information includes at least one of the following:

[0164] Device identification information, such as a globally unique ID for each device.

[0165] Group identification information of the device, such as global identification information mod(K), where K is the number of groups.

[0166] Response information and / or confirmation information corresponding to the R2D indicator channel or the R2D indicator signal, such as ACK information of a Hybrid Automatic Repeat reQuest (HARQ).

[0167] The query information or the response information and / or confirmation information associated with the R2D indicator channel or the R2D indicator signal, wherein the query information is, for example, storage information, outbound information, shelf life information, location determination auxiliary information, etc.

[0168] In this embodiment, the channel coding type indicated by the R2D downlink indication includes at least one of the following:

[0169] Convolutional codes (such as TBCC (Tail Biting Convolution Code) coding), Polar codes (such as CA Polar (CRC Aided Polar) code or PC (Parity Aided)-CA Polar code), LDPC codes (such as BG (Base Graph) #1based LDPC code or BG #2based LDPC code), Turbo codes (such as LTE (37,21) Turbo code), RM code, Golay code, BCH code, line code, and repetition code.

[0170] In this embodiment, the channel coding parameters indicated by the R2D downlink indication include: a fixed coding rate and a number of repetitions.

[0171] In this embodiment, the channel coding rule indicated by the R2D downlink indication includes: a repetition mode.

[0172] Step 2: The device determines first channel coding information corresponding to the first information based on the R2D downlink indication, where the first channel coding information is a function of first channel coding bits corresponding to the first information.

[0173] The device first queries the first channel coding bit corresponding to the first information, and then performs simple encoding, such as repetition or puncturing, on the first channel coding bit based on the R2D downlink indication to determine the first channel coding information corresponding to the first information.

[0174] For example, the code rate of the first channel coding bit is 1 / 3, and the fixed coding code rate of the downlink indication is 1 / 6. Since the fixed coding code rate of the downlink indication is less than the code rate of the first channel coding bit, the device repeatedly encodes the first channel coding bit to obtain a function of the first channel coding bit with a code rate of 1 / 6, where the number of repetitions of the repeated coding is the number of repetitions of the downlink indication, and the repetition mode of the repeated coding is the repetition mode of the downlink indication.

[0175] For another example, the code rate of the first channel coding bit is 1 / 4, and the fixed coding code rate of the downlink indication is 1 / 2. Since the fixed coding code rate of the downlink indication is greater than the code rate of the first channel coding bit, the device performs puncturing encoding on the first channel coding bit to obtain a function of the first channel coding bit with a code rate of 1 / 2, where the bits targeted by the puncturing are redundant bits.

[0176] Step 3: The device sends or reflects first channel coding information corresponding to the first information to the reader.

[0177] It can be seen that in Example 1, since the predefined first channel coding bit is obtained by forward error correction coding, the first channel coding information is a function of the first channel coding bit, and therefore the first channel coding information uses forward error correction coding. Compared with the related art, A-IoT devices are passive devices or low-power devices, which can only use simpler coding (such as line code) and cannot use more complex forward error correction coding. The uplink data (first channel coding information) in this embodiment uses forward error correction coding, which has better performance than line code, can extend the uplink coverage distance of the device, thereby improving the uplink coverage performance of the device.

[0178] Example 2

[0179] In this embodiment, the transmitting end is a device and the receiving end is a reader. The device pre-stores or pre-defines the associated information of the first channel coding. The associated information of the first channel coding includes the channel coding type and / or channel coding parameters and / or channel coding rules.

[0180] The channel coding type includes at least one of the following:

[0181] Convolutional codes (such as TBCC (Tail Biting Convolution Code) coding), Polar codes (such as CA Polar code or PC-CA Polar code), LDPC codes (such as BG#1based LDPC code or BG#2 based LDPC code), Turbo codes (such as LTE (37,21) Turbo code), RM code, Golay code, BCH code, line code, and repetition code.

[0182] Channel coding parameters include fixed coding rate and number of repetitions.

[0183] The channel coding rules include a repetition scheme.

[0184] In this embodiment, the process of the device performing channel coding includes the following steps 1 to 3:

[0185] Step 1: The device receives an R2D downlink indication sent by a reader, where the downlink indication is used to indicate a channel coding type and / or channel coding parameters and / or channel coding rules used by the first information.

[0186] In this embodiment, the first information and the R2D downlink indication are the same as those in the first embodiment, and are not described in detail.

[0187] Step 2: The device determines first channel coding information corresponding to the first information based on the R2D downlink indication, where the first channel coding information is a function of first channel coding bits corresponding to the first information.

[0188] The device first performs first channel coding on the first information based on the associated information of the first channel coding to obtain first channel coding bits, and then performs simple coding on the first channel coding bits based on the R2D downlink indication, such as repetition or puncturing, to determine the first channel coding information corresponding to the first information.

[0189] For example, the code rate of the first channel coding bit is 1 / 3, and the fixed coding code rate of the downlink indication is 1 / 6. Since the fixed coding code rate of the downlink indication is less than the code rate of the first channel coding bit, the device repeatedly encodes the first channel coding bit to obtain a function of the first channel coding bit with a code rate of 1 / 6, where the number of repetitions of the repeated coding is the number of repetitions of the downlink indication, and the repetition mode of the repeated coding is the repetition mode of the downlink indication.

[0190] For another example, the code rate of the first channel coding bit is 1 / 4, and the fixed coding code rate of the downlink indication is 1 / 2. Since the fixed coding code rate of the downlink indication is greater than the code rate of the first channel coding bit, the device performs puncturing encoding on the first channel coding bit to obtain a function of the first channel coding bit with a code rate of 1 / 2, where the bits targeted by the puncturing are redundant bits.

[0191] Step 3: The device sends or reflects first channel coding information corresponding to the first information to the reader.

[0192] It can be seen that in the second embodiment, the first channel coding associated information is predefined instead of the first channel coding bits, which occupies less storage space, so that the device can use less storage space to pre-store the first channel coding associated information.

[0193] Example 3

[0194] In this embodiment, the transmitting end is a device and the receiving end is a reader. The device pre-stores or pre-defines the first channel coding bit and / or the associated information of the first channel coding.

[0195] In this embodiment, the process of the device performing channel coding includes the following steps 1 to 3:

[0196] Step 1: The device receives an R2D downlink indication sent by the reader, where the downlink indication is used to indicate the channel coding type and / or channel coding parameters and / or channel coding rules used by the first information, and to indicate activation of a Device Originated-Autonomous Device (DO-A) service or activation of the device.

[0197] In some embodiments, the R2D downlink indication includes at least one of the following: an activation indication, a DO-A service triggering condition or rule, and a channel coding type and / or channel coding parameters and / or channel coding rule used in the first information. The DO-A service triggering condition or rule may include, for example, information related to a threshold for triggering the DO-A service. The threshold may be a threshold of environmental information, such as temperature, air pollution, or air humidity.

[0198] In other embodiments, the protocol predefines DO-A service triggering conditions or rules, and the device autonomously activates the DO-A service based on the activation rules. In this embodiment, the R2D downlink indication may not include an activation indication, but it must not include the DO-A service triggering conditions or rules.

[0199] Step 2: The device determines first channel coding information corresponding to the first information based on the R2D downlink indication, where the first channel coding information is a function of first channel coding bits corresponding to the first information.

[0200] Step 3: The device sends or reflects first channel coding information corresponding to the first information to the reader.

[0201] Step 2 and step 3 refer to the description of embodiment 1 and embodiment 2 and are not repeated here.

[0202] It can be seen that in the third embodiment, the device activates the DO-A service only after receiving the R2D downlink indication from the reader, which can avoid the DO-A service automatically sending uplink data without receiving downlink query information.

[0203] Example 4

[0204] In this embodiment, the transmitting end is a device and the receiving end is a reader. The device pre-stores or pre-defines the first channel coding bit and / or the associated information of the first channel coding.

[0205] In this embodiment, the process of performing channel coding by the device includes the following steps 1 to 5:

[0206] Step 1: The device receives a first R2D downlink indication sent by a reader. The first R2D downlink indication is used to instruct the device to report device capabilities.

[0207] The device capability includes: associated information of the first channel coding used by the first information associated with the device.

[0208] For example, the base station predefines the channel coding type as TBCC coding or Polar coding. However, different A-IoT devices have different costs. Some A-IoT devices pre-store the first channel coding bits with a code rate of 1 / 5, while other A-IoT devices, for cost considerations, pre-store the first channel coding bits with a code rate of 1 / 2. The base station sends the first R2D downlink indication to the A-IoT device, which helps support A-IoT devices of different costs to send uplink data that can be received by the base station or intermediate node.

[0209] Step 2: The device sends its capabilities to the reader.

[0210] Step 3: The device receives a second R2D downlink indication sent by the reader, where the second R2D downlink indication is used to indicate a channel coding type and / or channel coding parameters and / or channel coding rules used by the first information.

[0211] Step 4: The device determines first channel coding information corresponding to the first information based on the second R2D downlink indication, where the first channel coding information is a function of first channel coding bits corresponding to the first information.

[0212] Step 5: The device sends or reflects the first channel coding information corresponding to the first information to the reader

[0213] Steps 3 to 5 refer to the description of Example 1 and Example 2 and are not repeated here.

[0214] In other embodiments, step 2 and step 5 can be combined, and the device can simultaneously transmit the device capability and the first channel coding information in the same uplink signal, or in at least two consecutive uplink signals, the first uplink signal transmits the device capability and the second uplink signal transmits the first channel coding information.

[0215] It can be seen that in the fourth embodiment, the device is supported to report its capabilities, which is conducive to devices of different costs or capabilities being able to send uplink signals to the reader.

[0216] Example 5

[0217] In this embodiment, the transmitting end is a device and the receiving end is a reader. The device pre-stores or pre-defines the first channel coding bit and / or the associated information of the first channel coding.

[0218] In this embodiment, the process of the device performing channel coding includes the following steps 1 to 3:

[0219] Step 1. The device receives an R2D downlink indication sent by a reader. The R2D downlink indication is used to indicate a channel coding type and / or channel coding parameters and / or channel coding rule of a first channel coding, and / or indicates a channel coding type and / or channel coding parameters and / or channel coding rule of a second channel coding, wherein the channel coding type and / or channel coding parameters and / or channel coding rule of the first channel coding is associated with the first information, and the channel coding type and / or channel coding parameters and / or channel coding rule of the second channel coding is associated with the second information.

[0220] The first information is information known in advance between the device and the reader, and the second information is information unknown in advance between the device and the reader.

[0221] The channel coding type of the first channel coding includes at least one of the following: convolutional code, Polar code, LDPC code, Turbo code, RM code, Golay code, BCH code, line code, and repetition code. The second channel coding includes at least one of the following: convolutional code, repetition code, Manchester code, FM0 code, Miller code, and Miller M code. It can be seen that the coding complexity of the first channel coding is higher than the coding complexity of the second channel coding.

[0222] Step 2: The device determines, based on the R2D downlink indication, first channel coding information corresponding to the first information, and / or performs second channel coding on the second information to obtain second channel coding information, where the first channel coding information is a first channel coding bit and / or a function of the first channel coding bit corresponding to the first information, and the second channel coding information is a second channel coding bit and / or a function of the second channel coding bit corresponding to the second information.

[0223] Step 3: The device sends the first channel coding information and / or the second channel coding information to the reader.

[0224] The device serially concatenates the first channel coding information and the second channel coding information and sends them to the reader via the same D2R channel. Alternatively, the device sends the first channel coding information and the second channel coding information to the reader via different D2R channels.

[0225] It can be seen that in the fifth embodiment, advanced channel coding of information known in advance between the reader and the device is supported, and channel coding of information unknown in advance between the reader and the device (ie, information that cannot be predicted in advance) is also supported.

[0226] Example 6

[0227] In this embodiment, the transmitting end is a device and the receiving end is a reader. The device pre-stores or pre-defines the first channel coding bit and / or the associated information of the first channel coding.

[0228] In this embodiment, the process of the device performing channel coding includes the following steps 1 to 3:

[0229] Step 1. The device receives an R2D downlink indication sent by a reader. The R2D downlink indication is used to indicate a channel coding type and / or channel coding parameters and / or channel coding rule of a first channel coding, and / or indicates a channel coding type and / or channel coding parameters and / or channel coding rule of a second channel coding, wherein the channel coding type and / or channel coding parameters and / or channel coding rule of the first channel coding is associated with the first information, and the channel coding type and / or channel coding parameters and / or channel coding rule of the second channel coding is also associated with the first information.

[0230] The channel coding type of the first channel coding includes at least one of the following: convolutional code, Polar code, LDPC code, Turbo code, RM code, Golay code, BCH code, line code, and repetition code. The second channel coding includes at least one of the following: convolutional code, repetition code, Manchester code, FM0 code, Miller code, and Miller M code. It can be seen that the coding complexity of the first channel coding is higher than the coding complexity of the second channel coding.

[0231] Step 2: The device determines first channel coding information corresponding to the first information based on the R2D downlink indication.

[0232] For example, the device first performs first channel coding on the first information based on the channel coding type and / or channel coding parameters and / or channel coding rule of the first channel coding indicated by the R2D downlink to obtain first channel coded bits; then, based on the channel coding type and / or channel coding parameters and / or channel coding rule of the second channel coding indicated by the R2D downlink, the device performs second channel coding on the first channel coded bits or a function of the first channel coded bits to obtain third channel coded bits corresponding to the first information as the first channel coded information corresponding to the first information. The function of the first channel coded bits may be coded bits obtained by performing CRC (Cyclic Redundancy Check) coding on the first channel coded bits.

[0233] Step 3: The device sends the first channel coding information to the reader.

[0234] It can be seen that in Example 6, the first channel coding uses pre-stored complex channel coding, and then performs the second channel coding. The second channel coding is, for example, a repetition code. In this case, the complex channel coding is conducive to achieving better coverage performance, and the repetition coding is conducive to achieving a lower code rate, which is conducive to expanding coverage. If the second channel coding is Miller M coding, since Miller M coding has a spectrum shifting function, Miller-M code can shift the spectrum to avoid mutual interference between the A-IoT device reflection signal and the externally provided carrier wave signal. Since Miller M coding has a spectrum shifting function but has poor block error rate (BLER) performance, the first channel coding is a channel coding with higher complexity, which is conducive to providing better coverage performance for A-IoT devices.

[0235] Example 7

[0236] In this embodiment, the transmitting end is a reader, and the receiving end is a device. The reader pre-stores or pre-defines information associated with the first channel coding. The information associated with the first channel coding includes the channel coding type, / or channel coding parameters, and / or channel coding rules. For example, the channel coding type is a repetition code, the channel coding parameters include the number of repetitions, and the channel coding rules include the repetition method.

[0237] The repetition method includes any of the following three methods:

[0238] Repetition method 1: Each bit is repeatedly encoded based on the number of repetitions, and each bit is serially concatenated after repeated encoding. Taking the first channel coding as an example, each bit refers to each bit in the first channel coded bits corresponding to the first information. For example, there are K bits, denoted as {x1, x2, x3, …, xk}. Each bit is repeatedly encoded 4 times and then serially concatenated, resulting in K × 4 coded bits: {x1, x1, x1, x1, x2, x2, x2, x3, x3, x3, x3, …, xk, xk, xk, xk}.

[0239] Repetition method 2: All bits are repeatedly encoded as a whole based on the number of repetitions. All bits are then serially concatenated after being repeatedly encoded as a whole. Taking the first channel coding as an example, all bits refer to all bits in the first channel coded bits corresponding to the first information. For example, there are K bits, denoted as {x1, x2, x3, …, xk}. All bits are repeatedly encoded as a whole four times and then serially concatenated, resulting in K × 4 coded bits: {x1, x2, x3, …, xk, x1, x2, x3, …, xk, x1, x2, x3, …, xk, x1, x2, x3, …, xk}.

[0240] Repetition method three: Divide all bits into multiple groups, repeatedly encode each group as a whole based on the number of repetitions, and serially concatenate each group after repeated encoding as a whole. Taking the first channel coding as an example, all bits refer to all bits in the first channel coded bits corresponding to the first information. For example, there are K bits in total, recorded as {x1, x2, x3, …., xk}, divided into multiple groups, each with T bits, such as T = 2, then it is actually divided into K / T groups: {x1, x2}, {x3, x4}, {x5, x6}, …, {xk-1, xk}, each group is repeatedly encoded 4 times as a whole, and then serially concatenated in the order of grouping to obtain K×4 coded bits: {x1,x2},{x1,x2},{x1,x2},{x1,x2},{x3,x4},{x3,x4},{x3,x4},{x3,x4},{x5,x 6},{x5,x6},{x5,x6},{x5,x6},…,{xk-1,xk},{xk-1,xk},{xk-1,xk},{xk-1,xk}.

[0241] In this embodiment, the process of performing channel coding by the reader includes the following steps 1 and 2:

[0242] Step 1: The reader determines first channel coding information corresponding to the first information.

[0243] In this embodiment, the reader first performs first channel coding on the first information based on the channel coding type and / or channel coding parameters and / or channel coding rules of the first channel coding to obtain first channel coding bits; then, based on the channel coding type and / or channel coding parameters and / or channel coding rules of the second channel coding, the reader performs second channel coding on the first channel coding bits or a function of the first channel coding bits to obtain third channel coding bits corresponding to the first information as the first channel coding information corresponding to the first information.

[0244] The channel coding type of the second channel coding is, for example, a line code (such as Manchester code or Pulse Interval Encoding (PIE)).

[0245] Step 2: The reader sends the first channel coding information to the device.

[0246] In this embodiment, after receiving the first channel coded information, the device decodes it. For example, one bit may be repeated four times to obtain consecutive repeated bits {x1, x1, x1, x1}, corresponding to eight Manchester coded bits {z1, z2, z1, z2, z1, z2, z1, z2}. The device first combines the N received z1s, then combines the N received z2s, and then performs Manchester decoding. This embodiment proposes repetition methods 1 and 2, which, compared to repetition method 3, can help the device reduce storage capacity and save power.

[0247] Example 8

[0248] In this embodiment, the transmitting end is a reader, and the receiving end is a device. The reader pre-stores or pre-defines information associated with the first channel coding. The information associated with the first channel coding includes a channel coding type and / or channel coding parameters and / or a channel coding rule. The channel coding type may be, for example, a line code (e.g., Manchester code or Pulse Interval Encoding (PIE)).

[0249] In this embodiment, the process of performing channel coding by the reader includes the following steps 1 and 2:

[0250] Step 1: The reader determines first channel coding information corresponding to the first information.

[0251] In this embodiment, the reader first performs first channel coding on the first information based on the channel coding type and / or channel coding parameters and / or channel coding rules of the first channel coding to obtain first channel coding bits; then, based on the channel coding type and / or channel coding parameters and / or channel coding rules of the second channel coding, the reader performs second channel coding on the first channel coding bits or a function of the first channel coding bits to obtain third channel coding bits corresponding to the first information as the first channel coding information corresponding to the first information.

[0252] The channel coding type of the second channel coding is, for example, a repetition code, the channel coding parameters of the second channel coding include the number of repetitions, and the channel coding rule of the second channel coding includes a repetition mode.

[0253] Step 2: The reader sends the first channel coding information to the device.

[0254] In this embodiment, the device first combines the received signals based on a repetitive manner and then performs line code (eg, Manchester code) decoding.

[0255] It should be noted that for the aforementioned method embodiments, for simplicity of description, they are all expressed as a series of action combinations, but those skilled in the art will understand that the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited by the order of the actions described, because according to the embodiments of the present disclosure, certain steps can be performed in other orders or simultaneously. In addition, those skilled in the art will understand that the embodiments described in the specification are all optional embodiments.

[0256] FIG5 is a schematic diagram of a channel coding device provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure. The channel coding device is applied to a transmitting end. As shown in FIG5 , the channel coding device includes but is not limited to: a first unit 51 and a second unit 52, which are specifically described as follows:

[0257] A first unit 51 is configured to determine first channel coding information corresponding to the first information, where the first channel coding information includes: a first channel coding bit or a function of the first channel coding bit predefined by a protocol, or a channel coding bit or a function of the channel coding bit obtained by channel coding the first information by a transmitting end;

[0258] The second unit 52 is configured to send first channel coding information to a receiving end.

[0259] In some embodiments, the first unit 51 is further configured to perform second channel coding on the second information to obtain second channel coded information, wherein the second information is information unknown in advance between the receiving end and the transmitting end;

[0260] The second unit 52 is further configured to send second channel coding information to the receiving end.

[0261] In some embodiments, the second unit 52 sends the first channel coding information to the receiving end and sends the second channel coding information to the receiving end, including:

[0262] The first channel coding information and the second channel coding information are serially concatenated and then sent to the receiving end through one channel; or the first channel coding information and the second channel coding information are respectively sent to the receiving end through different channels.

[0263] In some embodiments, the first unit 51 is configured to:

[0264] Determining, based on a pre-stored or protocol-predefined first channel coding bit, and / or based on the indicated first channel coding association information, the first channel coding bit or a function of the first channel coding bit corresponding to the first information;

[0265] Alternatively, based on pre-stored or protocol-predefined first channel coding association information and / or based on indicated first channel coding association information, performing first channel coding on the first information to obtain first channel coding bits or a function of the first channel coding bits;

[0266] Alternatively, based on pre-stored or protocol-predefined associated information of first channel coding and / or based on indicated associated information of first channel coding, first channel coding is performed on the first information to obtain first channel coded bits; and based on pre-stored or protocol-predefined associated information of second channel coding and / or based on indicated associated information of second channel coding, second channel coding is performed on the first channel coded bits or a function of the first channel coded bits to obtain third channel coded bits corresponding to the first information.

[0267] In some embodiments, the first channel coding includes at least one of the following:

[0268] Convolutional codes, Polar codes, LDPC codes, Turbo codes, RM codes, Golay codes, BCH codes, line codes, and repetition codes;

[0269] The second channel coding includes at least one of the following:

[0270] Convolutional codes, repetition codes, Manchester codes, FM0 codes, Miller codes, and Miller M codes.

[0271] In some embodiments, the associated information of the first channel coding includes a channel coding type and / or a channel coding parameter and / or a channel coding rule, wherein the channel coding parameter includes at least one of the following:

[0272] Fixed encoding bit rate;

[0273] Number of repetitions.

[0274] In some embodiments, the channel coding rule includes a repetition mode, and the repetition mode includes any one of the following:

[0275] Repeat encoding each bit based on the number of repetitions, and serially concatenate each bit after repeated encoding;

[0276] All bits are repeatedly encoded as a whole based on the number of repetitions, and all bits are repeatedly encoded as a whole and then serially concatenated;

[0277] All bits are divided into multiple groups, and each group is repeatedly encoded as a whole based on the number of repetitions. After each group is repeatedly encoded as a whole, they are serially concatenated.

[0278] In some embodiments, the first information includes at least one of the following:

[0279] Identification information of the sender;

[0280] The group identification information of the sending end;

[0281] Response information and / or confirmation information corresponding to the reader-to-device R2D indication channel or R2D indication signal;

[0282] The R2D indicator channel or the query information associated with the R2D indicator signal or the response information and / or confirmation information of the query information.

[0283] In some embodiments, the first unit 51 determines first channel coding information corresponding to the first information and / or performs second channel coding on the second information to obtain second channel coding information, including:

[0284] After receiving the downlink indication, first channel coding information corresponding to the first information is determined, and / or second channel coding is performed on the second information to obtain second channel coding information.

[0285] In some embodiments, the downlink indication includes at least one of the following:

[0286] Indicating a channel coding type and / or channel coding parameters adopted by the first information;

[0287] Instruct the activated device to initiate a DO-A service or activate the device;

[0288] Instruct the device to report its capabilities;

[0289] Indicating a channel coding type and / or channel coding parameters and / or channel coding rule of a first channel coding, and / or a channel coding type and / or channel coding parameters and / or channel coding rule of a second channel coding, wherein the channel coding type and / or channel coding parameters and / or channel coding rule of the first channel coding are associated with the first information, and the channel coding type and / or channel coding parameters and / or channel coding rule of the second channel coding are associated with the first information or the second information.

[0290] In some embodiments, the first unit 51 determines the first channel coding information corresponding to the first information, including:

[0291] If the channel coding rate indicated by the downlink indication is less than the channel coding rate predefined by the protocol, determining that the first channel coding information corresponding to the first information includes: a first channel coding bit and / or a repetition of the first channel coding bit;

[0292] Alternatively, if the channel coding rate indicated by the downlink indication is greater than the channel coding rate predefined in the protocol, it is determined that the first channel coding information corresponding to the first information includes: coded bits obtained by puncturing the first channel coding bits.

[0293] In some embodiments, the first information is information known in advance by the sending end and the receiving end.

[0294] For details of the various embodiments of the channel coding apparatus shown in FIG5 , reference may be made to the various embodiments of the channel coding method shown in FIG3 , and will not be described again to avoid repetition.

[0295] The present disclosure also provides a processor-readable storage medium storing a program for causing a processor to execute the steps of each embodiment of the channel coding method. The processor-readable storage medium can be any available medium or data storage device accessible to the processor, including but not limited to magnetic storage (e.g., floppy disk, hard disk, magnetic tape, magneto-optical disk (MO), etc.), optical storage (e.g., CD, DVD, BD, HVD, etc.), and semiconductor storage (e.g., ROM, EPROM, EEPROM, non-volatile memory (NAND FLASH), solid-state drive (SSD), etc.).

[0296] FIG6 is a schematic diagram of a communication device provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG6 , the communication device provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure includes a memory 61, a transceiver 62, and a processor 63:

[0297] The memory 61 is used to store computer programs; the transceiver 62 is used to send and receive data under the control of the processor 63; the processor 63 is used to read the computer program in the memory 61 and execute:

[0298] Determining first channel coding information corresponding to the first information, where the first channel coding information includes: a first channel coding bit or a function of the first channel coding bit predefined by a protocol, or a channel coding bit or a function of the channel coding bit obtained by channel coding the first information by a transmitting end;

[0299] The first channel coding information is sent to the receiving end.

[0300] In some embodiments, the processor 63 is further configured to:

[0301] Performing second channel coding on the second information to obtain second channel coded information, wherein the second information is information unknown in advance between the receiving end and the transmitting end;

[0302] The second channel coding information is sent to the receiving end.

[0303] In some embodiments, sending the first channel coding information to the receiving end and sending the second channel coding information to the receiving end include:

[0304] After serial concatenation of the first channel coded information and the second channel coded information, the concatenation is sent to a receiving end via a channel;

[0305] Alternatively, the first channel coding information and the second channel coding information are sent to the receiving end via different channels respectively.

[0306] In some embodiments, determining first channel coding information corresponding to the first information includes:

[0307] Determining, based on a pre-stored or protocol-predefined first channel coding bit, and / or based on the indicated first channel coding association information, the first channel coding bit or a function of the first channel coding bit corresponding to the first information;

[0308] Alternatively, based on pre-stored or protocol-predefined first channel coding association information and / or based on indicated first channel coding association information, performing first channel coding on the first information to obtain first channel coding bits or a function of the first channel coding bits;

[0309] Alternatively, based on pre-stored or protocol-predefined associated information of first channel coding and / or based on indicated associated information of first channel coding, first channel coding is performed on the first information to obtain first channel coded bits; and based on pre-stored or protocol-predefined associated information of second channel coding and / or based on indicated associated information of second channel coding, second channel coding is performed on the first channel coded bits or a function of the first channel coded bits to obtain third channel coded bits corresponding to the first information.

[0310] In some embodiments, the first channel coding includes at least one of the following:

[0311] Convolutional codes, Polar codes, LDPC codes, Turbo codes, RM codes, Golay codes, BCH codes, line codes, and repetition codes;

[0312] The second channel coding includes at least one of the following:

[0313] Convolutional codes, repetition codes, Manchester codes, FM0 codes, Miller codes, and Miller-M codes.

[0314] In some embodiments, the associated information of the first channel coding includes a channel coding type and / or a channel coding parameter and / or a channel coding rule, wherein the channel coding parameter includes at least one of the following:

[0315] Fixed encoding bit rate;

[0316] Number of repetitions.

[0317] In some embodiments, the channel coding rule includes a repetition mode, and the repetition mode includes any one of the following:

[0318] Repeat encoding each bit based on the number of repetitions, and serially concatenate each bit after repeated encoding;

[0319] All bits are repeatedly encoded as a whole based on the number of repetitions, and all bits are repeatedly encoded as a whole and then serially concatenated;

[0320] All bits are divided into multiple groups, and each group is repeatedly encoded as a whole based on the number of repetitions. After each group is repeatedly encoded as a whole, they are serially concatenated.

[0321] In some embodiments, the first information includes at least one of the following:

[0322] Identification information of the sender;

[0323] The group identification information of the sending end;

[0324] Response information and / or confirmation information corresponding to the reader-to-device R2D indication channel or R2D indication signal;

[0325] The R2D indicator channel or the query information associated with the R2D indicator signal or the response information and / or confirmation information of the query information.

[0326] In some embodiments, determining first channel coding information corresponding to the first information, and / or performing second channel coding on the second information to obtain second channel coding information includes:

[0327] After receiving the downlink indication, first channel coding information corresponding to the first information is determined, and / or second channel coding is performed on the second information to obtain second channel coding information.

[0328] In some embodiments, the downlink indication includes at least one of the following:

[0329] Indicating a channel coding type and / or channel coding parameters adopted by the first information;

[0330] Instruct the activated device to initiate a DO-A service or activate the device;

[0331] Instruct the device to report its capabilities;

[0332] Indicating a channel coding type and / or channel coding parameters and / or channel coding rule of a first channel coding, and / or a channel coding type and / or channel coding parameters and / or channel coding rule of a second channel coding, wherein the channel coding type and / or channel coding parameters and / or channel coding rule of the first channel coding are associated with the first information, and the channel coding type and / or channel coding parameters and / or channel coding rule of the second channel coding are associated with the first information or the second information.

[0333] In some embodiments, determining first channel coding information corresponding to the first information includes:

[0334] If the channel coding rate indicated by the downlink indication is less than the channel coding rate predefined by the protocol, determining that the first channel coding information corresponding to the first information includes: a first channel coding bit and / or a repetition of the first channel coding bit;

[0335] Alternatively, if the channel coding rate indicated by the downlink indication is greater than the channel coding rate predefined in the protocol, it is determined that the first channel coding information corresponding to the first information includes: coded bits obtained by puncturing the first channel coding bits.

[0336] In some embodiments, the first information is information known in advance by the sending end and the receiving end.

[0337] In Figure 6, transceiver 62 is used to receive and send data under the control of processor 63. The bus architecture can include any number of interconnected buses and bridges, specifically one or more processors represented by processor 63 and various circuits of memory represented by memory 61. The bus architecture can also link together various other circuits such as peripheral devices, voltage regulators, and power management circuits, which are all well known in the art and therefore will not be described further herein. The bus interface provides an interface. The transceiver 62 can be multiple components, that is, including a transmitter and a receiver, providing a unit for communicating with various other devices on a transmission medium, such as a wireless channel, a wired channel, an optical cable, and the like. The processor 63 is responsible for managing the bus architecture and general processing, and the memory 61 can store data used by the processor 63 when performing operations.

[0338] In FIG6 , the processor 63 can be an integrated circuit chip having signal processing capabilities. During implementation, each step of the above method can be completed by hardware integrated logic circuits in the processor 63 or by software instructions. The processor 63 can be a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field programmable gate array (FPGA), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, or discrete hardware components. The general-purpose processor can be a microprocessor or any conventional processor.

[0339] It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprises," "includes," or any other variations thereof are intended to encompass non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus comprising a series of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not explicitly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. In the absence of further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprises..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus comprising the element.

[0340] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that although some embodiments described herein include certain features and not others included in other embodiments, the combination of features from different embodiments is intended to be within the scope of this disclosure and to form different embodiments.

[0341] Those skilled in the art will understand that the description of each embodiment has its own focus, and for parts that are not described in detail in a certain embodiment, reference can be made to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments.

[0342] Although the embodiments of the present disclosure have been described with reference to the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art may make various modifications and variations without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure, and such modifications and variations are all within the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A channel coding method, applied to a transmitting end, comprising: Determining first channel coding information corresponding to the first information, where the first channel coding information includes: a first channel coding bit predefined by a protocol or a function of the first channel coding bit, or a channel coding bit obtained by the transmitting end performing channel coding on the first information or the function of the channel coding bit; The first channel coding information is sent to the receiving end.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein The method further comprises: performing second channel coding on the second information to obtain second channel coded information; The second channel coding information is sent to the receiving end.

3. The method according to claim 2, wherein: The sending the first channel coding information to the receiving end and the sending the second channel coding information to the receiving end include: After serial concatenation of the first channel coding information and the second channel coding information, the concatenation is sent to the receiving end via a channel; Alternatively, the first channel coding information and the second channel coding information are sent to the receiving end via different channels respectively.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein The determining the first channel coding information corresponding to the first information includes: Determining, based on a pre-stored or protocol-predefined first channel coding bit, and / or based on indicated first channel coding association information, a first channel coding bit corresponding to the first information or a function of the first channel coding bit; Alternatively, based on pre-stored or protocol-predefined first channel coding association information and / or based on indicated first channel coding association information, performing first channel coding on the first information to obtain first channel coding bits or a function of the first channel coding bits; Alternatively, based on pre-stored or protocol-predefined associated information of first channel coding and / or based on indicated associated information of first channel coding, first channel coding is performed on the first information to obtain first channel coded bits; and based on pre-stored or protocol-predefined associated information of second channel coding and / or based on indicated associated information of second channel coding, second channel coding is performed on the first channel coded bits or a function of the first channel coded bits to obtain third channel coded bits corresponding to the first information.

5. The method according to claim 4, wherein The first channel coding includes at least one of the following: Convolutional code, Polar code, LDPC code, Turbo code, RM code, Golay code, BCH code, line code, repetition code; The second channel coding includes at least one of the following: Convolutional code, repetition code, Manchester code, FM0 code, Miller code, Miller M code.

6. The method according to claim 4, wherein: The associated information of the first channel coding includes at least one of a channel coding type, a channel coding parameter, and a channel coding rule, wherein the channel coding parameter includes at least one of the following: Fixed encoding bit rate; Number of repetitions.

7. The method according to claim 6, wherein: The channel coding rule includes a repetition mode, and the repetition mode includes any one of the following: Repeat encoding each bit based on the number of repetitions, and serially concatenate each bit after repeat encoding; Repeat encoding all bits as a whole based on the number of repetitions, and serially concatenate all bits after repeat encoding as a whole; All bits are divided into multiple groups, and each group is repeatedly encoded as a whole based on the number of repetitions. After each group is repeatedly encoded as a whole, they are serially concatenated.

8. The method according to claim 1, wherein The first information includes at least one of the following: Identification information of the sender; The group identification information of the sending end; Response information and / or confirmation information corresponding to the reader-to-device R2D indication channel or R2D indication signal; The R2D indicator channel or the query information associated with the R2D indicator signal or the response information and / or confirmation information of the query information.

9. The method according to claim 2, wherein: The determining the first channel coding information corresponding to the first information, and / or performing the second channel coding on the second information to obtain the second channel coding information, includes: After receiving the downlink indication, first channel coding information corresponding to the first information is determined, and / or second channel coding is performed on the second information to obtain second channel coding information.

10. The method according to claim 9, wherein: The downlink instruction includes at least one of the following: Indicating a channel coding type and / or channel coding parameters adopted by the first information; Instruct the activated device to initiate a DO-A service or activate the device; Instructs the device to report its capabilities; Indicating a channel coding type and / or channel coding parameters and / or channel coding rule of the first channel coding, and / or a channel coding type and / or channel coding parameters and / or channel coding rule of the second channel coding, wherein the channel coding type and / or channel coding parameters and / or channel coding rule of the first channel coding are associated with first information, and the channel coding type and / or channel coding parameters and / or channel coding rule of the second channel coding are associated with the first information or the second information.

11. The method according to claim 10, wherein: The determining the first channel coding information corresponding to the first information includes: If the channel coding rate indicated by the downlink indication is less than the channel coding rate predefined in the protocol, determining that the first channel coding information corresponding to the first information includes: the first channel coding bit and / or a repetition of the first channel coding bit; Alternatively, if the channel coding rate indicated by the downlink indication is greater than the channel coding rate predefined in the protocol, determining that the first channel coding information corresponding to the first information includes: coded bits obtained by puncturing the first channel coding bits.

12. The method according to claim 1, wherein The first information is information known in advance by the sending end and the receiving end.

13. A channel coding device, applied to a transmitting end, comprising: a first unit, configured to determine first channel coding information corresponding to first information, wherein the first channel coding information includes: a first channel coding bit predefined by a protocol or a function of the first channel coding bit, or a channel coding bit obtained by the transmitting end through channel coding the first information or the function of the channel coding bit; The second unit is configured to send the first channel coding information to the receiving end.

14. A communication device, wherein: Including memory, transceiver, processor; The memory is used to store computer programs; the transceiver is used to send and receive data under the control of the processor; The processor is configured to read the computer program in the memory and execute: Determining first channel coding information corresponding to the first information, where the first channel coding information includes: a first channel coding bit predefined by a protocol or a function of the first channel coding bit, or a channel coding bit obtained by the transmitting end performing channel coding on the first information or the function of the channel coding bit; The first channel coding information is sent to the receiving end.

15. The communication device according to claim 14, wherein: The processor is further configured to: performing second channel coding on the second information to obtain second channel coded information; The second channel coding information is sent to the receiving end. The communication device according to claim 15 , wherein: The sending the first channel coding information to the receiving end and the sending the second channel coding information to the receiving end include: After serial concatenation of the first channel coding information and the second channel coding information, the concatenation is sent to the receiving end via a channel; Alternatively, the first channel coding information and the second channel coding information are sent to the receiving end via different channels respectively.

17. The communication device according to claim 14, wherein: The determining the first channel coding information corresponding to the first information includes: Determining, based on a pre-stored or protocol-predefined first channel coding bit, and / or based on indicated first channel coding association information, a first channel coding bit corresponding to the first information or a function of the first channel coding bit; Alternatively, based on pre-stored or protocol-predefined first channel coding association information and / or based on indicated first channel coding association information, performing first channel coding on the first information to obtain first channel coding bits or a function of the first channel coding bits; Alternatively, based on pre-stored or protocol-predefined associated information of first channel coding and / or based on indicated associated information of first channel coding, first channel coding is performed on the first information to obtain first channel coded bits; and based on pre-stored or protocol-predefined associated information of second channel coding and / or based on indicated associated information of second channel coding, second channel coding is performed on the first channel coded bits or a function of the first channel coded bits to obtain third channel coded bits corresponding to the first information.

18. The communication device according to claim 17, wherein: The first channel coding includes at least one of the following: Convolutional code, Polar code, LDPC code, Turbo code, RM code, Golay code, BCH code, line code, repetition code; The second channel coding includes at least one of the following: Convolutional code, repetition code, Manchester code, FM0 code, Miller code, Miller-M code.

19. The communication device according to claim 17, wherein: The associated information of the first channel coding includes at least one of a channel coding type, a channel coding parameter, and a channel coding rule, wherein the channel coding parameter includes at least one of the following: Fixed encoding bit rate; Number of repetitions.

20. The communication device according to claim 19, wherein The channel coding rule includes a repetition mode, and the repetition mode includes any one of the following: Repeat encoding each bit based on the number of repetitions, and serially concatenate each bit after repeat encoding; Repeat encoding all bits as a whole based on the number of repetitions, and serially concatenate all bits after repeat encoding as a whole; All bits are divided into multiple groups, and each group is repeatedly encoded as a whole based on the number of repetitions. After each group is repeatedly encoded as a whole, they are serially concatenated.

21. The communication device according to claim 14, wherein The first information includes at least one of the following: Identification information of the sender; The group identification information of the sending end; Response information and / or confirmation information corresponding to the reader-to-device R2D indication channel or R2D indication signal; The R2D indicator channel or the query information associated with the R2D indicator signal or the response information and / or confirmation information of the query information.

22. The communication device according to claim 15, wherein The determining the first channel coding information corresponding to the first information, and / or performing the second channel coding on the second information to obtain the second channel coding information, includes: After receiving the downlink indication, first channel coding information corresponding to the first information is determined, and / or second channel coding is performed on the second information to obtain second channel coding information.

23. The communication device according to claim 22, wherein: The downlink instruction includes at least one of the following: Indicating a channel coding type and / or channel coding parameters adopted by the first information; Instruct the activated device to initiate a DO-A service or activate the device; Instructs the device to report its capabilities; Indicating a channel coding type and / or channel coding parameters and / or channel coding rule of the first channel coding, and / or a channel coding type and / or channel coding parameters and / or channel coding rule of the second channel coding, wherein the channel coding type and / or channel coding parameters and / or channel coding rule of the first channel coding are associated with first information, and the channel coding type and / or channel coding parameters and / or channel coding rule of the second channel coding are associated with the first information or the second information.

24. The communication device according to claim 23, wherein: The determining the first channel coding information corresponding to the first information includes: If the channel coding rate indicated by the downlink indication is less than the channel coding rate predefined in the protocol, determining that the first channel coding information corresponding to the first information includes: the first channel coding bit and / or a repetition of the first channel coding bit; Alternatively, if the channel coding rate indicated by the downlink indication is greater than the channel coding rate predefined in the protocol, determining that the first channel coding information corresponding to the first information includes: coded bits obtained by puncturing the first channel coding bits.

25. The communication device according to claim 14, wherein The first information is information known in advance by the sending end and the receiving end.

26. A processor-readable storage medium, wherein: The processor-readable storage medium stores a program, and the program is used to enable the processor to execute the channel coding method according to any one of claims 1 to 12.

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