Adapting paging frames and paging occasions for a network energy saving (NES) cell

Abstract

Various aspects of the present disclosure relate to a cell employing network energy saving by calculating or determining a paging frame index for a UE associated with the cell, such that paging frames and / or paging occasions for UEs are within active periods of the cell when the cell is configured for discontinuous transmission (DTX). For example, the cell may utilize a new or enhanced paging frame index formula when calculating the paging frame index that is based on whether the cell is configured for NES or does not utilize energy saving.

Description

Lenovo Ref. No. SMM920240038-WO-PCT ADAPTING PAGING FRAMES AND PAGING OCCASIONS FOR A NETWORK ENERGY SAVING (NES) CELL CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0001] This application claims priority to U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 63 / 643,628, filed on May 7, 2024, entitled ADAPTING PAGING FRAMES AND PAGING OCCASIONS FOR A NETWORK ENERGY SAVING (NES) CELL, which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety. TECHNICAL FIELD

[0002] The present disclosure relates to wireless communications, and more specifically to adapting paging frames and paging occasions for a network energy saving (NES) cell. BACKGROUND

[0003] A wireless communications system may include one or multiple network communication devices, such as base stations, which may support wireless communications for one or multiple user communication devices, which may be otherwise known as user equipment (UE), or other suitable terminology. The wireless communications system may support wireless communications with one or multiple user communication devices by utilizing resources of the wireless communications system (e.g., time resources (e.g., symbols, slots, subframes, frames, or the like) or frequency resources (e.g., subcarriers, carriers, or the like). Additionally, the wireless communications system may support wireless communications across various radio access technologies including third generation (3G) radio access technology, fourth generation (4G) radio access technology, fifth generation (5G) radio access technology, among other suitable radio access technologies beyond 5G (e.g., sixth generation (6G)).

[0004] To reduce the emissions and energy consumption that arises from an expanding scope and scale of its operations (e.g., ever increasing data traffic), a wireless communications system may deploy network energy saving, or NES. For example, much of 1 Firm Ref. No.793MS0162PCLenovo Ref. No. SMM920240038-WO-PCT the energy consumption of a network arises from a radio access network (RAN), such as during dynamic use of devices (e.g., during data transmission / reception by the RAN) and static use of the devices (e.g., to maintain operations at all times). SUMMARY

[0005] An article “a” before an element is unrestricted and understood to refer to “at least one” of those elements or “one or more” of those elements. The terms “a,” “at least one,” “one or more,” and “at least one of one or more” may be interchangeable. As used herein, including in the claims, “or” as used in a list of items (e.g., a list of items prefaced by a phrase such as “at least one of” or “one or more of” or “one or both of”) indicates an inclusive list such that, for example, a list of at least one of A, B, or C means A or B or C or AB or AC or BC or ABC (i.e., A and B and C). Also, as used herein, the phrase “based on” shall not be construed as a reference to a closed set of conditions. For example, an example step that is described as “based on condition A” may be based on both a condition A and a condition B without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. In other words, as used herein, the phrase “based on” shall be construed in the same manner as the phrase “based at least in part on. Further, as used herein, including in the claims, a “set” may include one or more elements.

[0006] The present disclosure relates to methods, apparatuses, and systems that select a discontinuous transmission (DTX) configuration for a cell and determine a paging frame index (PFI) for a UE associated with the network entity that is based on a unique identifier of the UE and the selected DTX configuration.

[0007] Some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein may further include a network entity for wireless communication, comprising at least one memory and at least one processor coupled with the at least one memory and configured to cause the network entity to select a DTX configuration for the network entity and determine a PFI for a UE associated with the network entity that is based on a unique identifier of the UE and the selected DTX configuration.

[0008] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the at least one processor is configured to determine the PFI for the UE by determining a paging 2 Firm Ref. No.793MS0162PCLenovo Ref. No. SMM920240038-WO-PCT frame index calculation for the PFI by selecting an ON duration index from multiple ON durations within a paging cycle of the network entity by a modulo operation of the unique identifier of the UE with respect to a number of ON durations within the paging cycle, and identifying the PFI for the UE within each ON duration of the paging cycle by a modulo operation that is based on a duration of each ON duration.

[0009] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the unique identifier of the UE comprises an international mobile subscriber identity (IMSI) or a temporary mobile subscriber identity (TMSI).

[0010] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the selected DTX configuration of the network entity comprises a number of active transmission periods of the network entity within a paging cycle of the network entity.

[0011] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the at least one processor is further configured to cause the network entity to receive, via a system information block (SIB), the selected DTX configuration, wherein the selected DTX configuration comprises a number of active transmission periods that are offset with respect to the PFI of the UE.

[0012] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the at least one processor is further configured to cause the network entity to transmit a paging message to the UE in a paging occasion (PO) during an active transmission period of the network entity identified by the selected DTX configuration.

[0013] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the PO is frequency division multiplexed (FDMed) in a paging slot.

[0014] Some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein may further include a method performed by a network entity, the method comprising selecting a DTX configuration for the network entity and determining a PFI for a UE associated with the network entity that is based on a unique identifier of the UE and the selected DTX configuration. 3 Firm Ref. No.793MS0162PCLenovo Ref. No. SMM920240038-WO-PCT

[0015] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, determining the PFI for the UE includes determining a paging frame index calculation for the PFI by selecting an ON duration index from multiple ON durations within a paging cycle of the network entity by a modulo operation of the unique identifier of the UE with respect to a number of ON durations within the paging cycle, and identifying the PFI for the UE within each ON duration of the paging cycle by a modulo operation that is based on a duration of each ON duration.

[0016] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the unique identifier of the UE comprises an IMSI or a TMSI.

[0017] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the selected DTX configuration of the network entity comprises a number of active transmission periods of the network entity within a paging cycle of the network entity.

[0018] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the method further comprises receiving, via a SIB, the selected DTX configuration, wherein the selected DTX configuration comprises a number of active transmission periods that are offset with respect to the PFI of the UE.

[0019] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the method further comprises transmitting a paging message to the UE in a PO during an active transmission period of the network entity identified by the selected DTX configuration.

[0020] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the PO is FDMed in a paging slot.

[0021] Some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein may further include a network entity for wireless communication, comprising at least one memory and at least one processor coupled with the at least one memory and configured to cause the network entity to receive a DTX configuration for the network entity that identifies a number of active transmission periods for the network entity and select a paging formula for determining a PFI for a UE associated with the network entity based on the DTX configuration. 4 Firm Ref. No.793MS0162PCLenovo Ref. No. SMM920240038-WO-PCT

[0022] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the DTX configuration is received by the network entity via a SIB.

[0023] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the selected paging formula comprises determining a paging frame index calculation for the PFI of the UE by selecting an ON duration index from multiple ON durations within a paging cycle of the network entity by a modulo operation of a unique identifier of the UE with respect to a number of ON durations within the paging cycle, and identifying the PFI for the UE within each ON duration of the paging cycle by a modulo operation that is based on a duration of each ON duration.

[0024] Some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein may further include a method performed by a network entity, the method comprising receiving a DTX configuration for the network entity that identifies a number of active transmission periods for the network entity and selecting a paging formula for determining a PFI for a UE associated with the network entity based on the DTX configuration.

[0025] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the DTX configuration is received by the network entity via a SIB.

[0026] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the selected paging formula comprises determining a paging frame index calculation for the PFI of the UE by selecting an ON duration index from multiple ON durations within a paging cycle of the network entity by a modulo operation of a unique identifier of the UE with respect to a number of ON durations within the paging cycle and identifying the PFI for the UE within each ON duration of the paging cycle by a modulo operation that is based on a duration of each ON duration. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 illustrates an example of a wireless communications system in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. 5 Firm Ref. No.793MS0162PCLenovo Ref. No. SMM920240038-WO-PCT

[0028] Figure 2 illustrates an example of a paging frame index calculation for UEs in a paging cycle in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.

[0029] Figure 3 illustrates an example diagram of an active time duration within a paging cycle for a cell in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.

[0030] Figure 4 illustrates an example of a paging frame index calculation for UEs within an active time duration of a paging cycle for a cell in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.

[0031] Figure 5 illustrates an example diagram of frequency division multiplexed and time division multiplexed paging occasions in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.

[0032] Figure 6 illustrates an example of a UE in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.

[0033] Figure 7 illustrates an example of a processor in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.

[0034] Figure 8 illustrates an example of a network equipment (NE) in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.

[0035] Figure 9 illustrates a flowchart of a method performed by an NE in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.

[0036] Figure 10 illustrates a flowchart of a method performed by an NE in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] When a cell (e.g., a base station or another network entity) employs network energy saving, the cell may be activated with a network energy saving configuration, such as a discontinuous transmission (DTX) or discontinuous reception (DRX) configuration. For example, a cell may activate an idle mode DTX / DRX configuration. During the idle mode DTX / DRX configuration, a common channel (e.g., a paging channel) is to be 6 Firm Ref. No.793MS0162PCLenovo Ref. No. SMM920240038-WO-PCT transmitted during an active time (e.g., an ON duration) of the cell, in order to save power at the cell.

[0038] However, legacy paging frame and / or paging occasion calculations are typically performed for cells that do not employ energy saving, such as cells that are always ON. These legacy calculations do not consider energy saving, such as when the cell is not in an ON duration (e.g., is in an OFF duration due to energy saving).

[0039] The cell, therefore, may transmit paging messages that are not received by associated UEs and / or may periodically wake up (e.g., move out of an energy saving mode) to transmit the paging messages to the UEs to ensure reception by the UEs, and thus reduce any intended energy savings, among other drawbacks.

[0040] The technology described herein enables a cell to employ NES by calculating or determining a paging frame index for a UE associated with the cell such that paging frames and / or paging occasions of the UEs within active periods of the cell when the cell is configured for DTX (or DRX). For example, the cell may utilize a new or enhanced paging frame index formula when calculating the paging frame index that is based on whether the cell is configured for NES or does not utilize energy saving.

[0041] Thus, the technology facilitates an efficient and enhanced use of NES for a cell by preventing the cell from moving out of an energy saving mode when paging associated UES and / or ensuring paging messages sent by the cell to the associated UEs are received, among other benefits.

[0042] Figure 1 illustrates an example of a wireless communications system 100 in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The wireless communications system 100 may include one or more NE 102, one or more UE 104, and a core network (CN) 106. The wireless communications system 100 may support various radio access technologies. In some implementations, the wireless communications system 100 may be a 4G network, such as an LTE network or an LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) network. In some other implementations, the wireless communications system 100 may be a NR network, such as a 5G network, a 5G-Advanced (5G-A) network, or a 5G ultrawideband (5G-UWB) network. In other implementations, the wireless communications system 100 may be a combination 7 Firm Ref. No.793MS0162PCLenovo Ref. No. SMM920240038-WO-PCT of a 4G network and a 5G network, or other suitable radio access technology including Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11 (Wi-Fi), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX), IEEE 802.20. The wireless communications system 100 may support radio access technologies beyond 5G, for example, 6G. Additionally, the wireless communications system 100 may support technologies, such as time division multiple access (TDMA), frequency division multiple access (FDMA), or code division multiple access (CDMA), etc.

[0043] The one or more NE 102 may be dispersed throughout a geographic region to form the wireless communications system 100. One or more of the NE 102 described herein may be or include or may be referred to as a network node, a base station, a network element, a network function, a network entity, a radio access network (RAN), a NodeB, an eNodeB (eNB), a next-generation NodeB (gNB), or other suitable terminology. An NE 102 and a UE 104 may communicate via a communication link, which may be a wireless or wired connection. For example, an NE 102 and a UE 104 may perform wireless communication (e.g., receive signaling, transmit signaling) over a Uu interface.

[0044] An NE 102 may provide a geographic coverage area for which the NE 102 may support services for one or more UEs 104 within the geographic coverage area. For example, an NE 102 and a UE 104 may support wireless communication of signals related to services (e.g., voice, video, packet data, messaging, broadcast, etc.) according to one or multiple radio access technologies. In some implementations, an NE 102 may be moveable, for example, a satellite associated with a non-terrestrial network (NTN). In some implementations, different geographic coverage areas associated with the same or different radio access technologies may overlap, but the different geographic coverage areas may be associated with different NE 102.

[0045] The one or more UE 104 may be dispersed throughout a geographic region of the wireless communications system 100. A UE 104 may include or may be referred to as a remote unit, a mobile device, a wireless device, a remote device, a subscriber device, a transmitter device, a receiver device, or some other suitable terminology. In some implementations, the UE 104 may be referred to as a unit, a station, a terminal, or a client, among other examples. Additionally, or alternatively, the UE 104 may be referred to as an 8 Firm Ref. No.793MS0162PCLenovo Ref. No. SMM920240038-WO-PCT Internet-of-Things (IoT) device, an Internet-of-Everything (IoE) device, or machine-type communication (MTC) device, among other examples.

[0046] A UE 104 may be able to support wireless communication directly with other UEs 104 over a communication link. For example, a UE 104 may support wireless communication directly with another UE 104 over a device-to-device (D2D) communication link. In some implementations, such as vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) deployments, vehicle-to-everything (V2X) deployments, or cellular-V2X deployments, the communication link may be referred to as a sidelink. For example, a UE 104 may support wireless communication directly with another UE 104 over a PC5 interface.

[0047] An NE 102 may support communications with the CN 106, or with another NE 102, or both. For example, an NE 102 may interface with other NE 102 or the CN 106 through one or more backhaul links (e.g., S1, N2, N2, or network interface). In some implementations, the NE 102 may communicate with each other directly. In some other implementations, the NE 102 may communicate with each other or indirectly (e.g., via the CN 106. In some implementations, one or more NE 102 may include subcomponents, such as an access network entity, which may be an example of an access node controller (ANC). An ANC may communicate with the one or more UEs 104 through one or more other access network transmission entities, which may be referred to as a radio heads, smart radio heads, or transmission-reception points (TRPs).

[0048] The CN 106 may support user authentication, access authorization, tracking, connectivity, and other access, routing, or mobility functions. The CN 106 may be an evolved packet core (EPC), or a 5G core (5GC), which may include a control plane entity that manages access and mobility (e.g., a mobility management entity (MME), an access and mobility management functions (AMF)) and a user plane entity that routes packets or interconnects to external networks (e.g., a serving gateway (S-GW), a Packet Data Network (PDN) gateway (P-GW), or a user plane function (UPF)). In some implementations, the control plane entity may manage non-access stratum (NAS) functions, such as mobility, authentication, and bearer management (e.g., data bearers, signal bearers, etc.) for the one or more UEs 104 served by the one or more NE 102 associated with the CN 106. 9 Firm Ref. No.793MS0162PCLenovo Ref. No. SMM920240038-WO-PCT

[0049] The CN 106 may communicate with a packet data network over one or more backhaul links (e.g., via an S1, N2, N2, or another network interface). The packet data network may include an application server. In some implementations, one or more UEs 104 may communicate with the application server. A UE 104 may establish a session (e.g., a protocol data unit (PDU) session, or the like) with the CN 106 via an NE 102. The CN 106 may route traffic (e.g., control information, data, and the like) between the UE 104 and the application server using the established session (e.g., the established PDU session). The PDU session may be an example of a logical connection between the UE 104 and the CN 106 (e.g., one or more network functions of the CN 106).

[0050] In the wireless communications system 100, the NEs 102 and the UEs 104 may use resources of the wireless communications system 100 (e.g., time resources (e.g., symbols, slots, subframes, frames, or the like) or frequency resources (e.g., subcarriers, carriers)) to perform various operations (e.g., wireless communications). In some implementations, the NEs 102 and the UEs 104 may support different resource structures. For example, the NEs 102 and the UEs 104 may support different frame structures. In some implementations, such as in 4G, the NEs 102 and the UEs 104 may support a single frame structure. In some other implementations, such as in 5G and among other suitable radio access technologies, the NEs 102 and the UEs 104 may support various frame structures (i.e., multiple frame structures). The NEs 102 and the UEs 104 may support various frame structures based on one or more numerologies.

[0051] One or more numerologies may be supported in the wireless communications system 100, and a numerology may include a subcarrier spacing and a cyclic prefix. A first numerology (e.g., ^^^^=0) may be associated with a first subcarrier spacing (e.g., 15 kHz) and a normal cyclic prefix. In some implementations, the first numerology (e.g., ^^^^=0) associated with the first subcarrier spacing (e.g., 15 kHz) may utilize one slot per subframe. A second numerology (e.g., ^^^^=1) may be associated with a second subcarrier spacing (e.g., 30 kHz) and a normal cyclic prefix. A third numerology (e.g., ^^^^=2) may be associated with a third subcarrier spacing (e.g., 60 kHz) and a normal cyclic prefix or an extended cyclic prefix. A fourth numerology (e.g., ^^^^=3) may be associated with a fourth subcarrier spacing 10 Firm Ref. No.793MS0162PCLenovo Ref. No. SMM920240038-WO-PCT (e.g., 120 kHz) and a normal cyclic prefix. A fifth numerology (e.g., ^^^^=4) may be associated with a fifth subcarrier spacing (e.g., 240 kHz) and a normal cyclic prefix.

[0052] A time interval of a resource (e.g., a communication resource) may be organized according to frames (also referred to as radio frames). Each frame may have a duration, for example, a 10 millisecond (ms) duration. In some implementations, each frame may include multiple subframes. For example, each frame may include 10 subframes, and each subframe may have a duration, for example, a 1 ms duration. In some implementations, each frame may have the same duration. In some implementations, each subframe of a frame may have the same duration.

[0053] Additionally or alternatively, a time interval of a resource (e.g., a communication resource) may be organized according to slots. For example, a subframe may include a number (e.g., quantity) of slots. The number of slots in each subframe may also depend on the one or more numerologies supported in the wireless communications system 100. For instance, the first, second, third, fourth, and fifth numerologies (i.e., ^^^^=0, ^^^^=1, ^^^^=2, ^^^^=3, ^^^^=4) associated with respective subcarrier spacings of 15 kHz, 30 kHz, 60 kHz, 120 kHz, and 240 kHz may utilize a single slot per subframe, two slots per subframe, four slots per subframe, eight slots per subframe, and 16 slots per subframe, respectively. Each slot may include a number (e.g., quantity) of symbols (e.g., OFDM symbols). In some implementations, the number (e.g., quantity) of slots for a subframe may depend on a numerology. For a normal cyclic prefix, a slot may include 14 symbols. For an extended cyclic prefix (e.g., applicable for 60 kHz subcarrier spacing), a slot may include 12 symbols. The relationship between the number of symbols per slot, the number of slots per subframe, and the number of slots per frame for a normal cyclic prefix and an extended cyclic prefix may depend on a numerology. It should be understood that reference to a first numerology (e.g., ^^^^=0) associated with a first subcarrier spacing (e.g., 15 kHz) may be used interchangeably between subframes and slots.

[0054] In the wireless communications system 100, an electromagnetic (EM) spectrum may be split, based on frequency or wavelength, into various classes, frequency bands, frequency channels, etc. By way of example, the wireless communications system 100 may support one or multiple operating frequency bands, such as frequency range designations 11 Firm Ref. No.793MS0162PCLenovo Ref. No. SMM920240038-WO-PCT FR1 (410 MHz – 7.125 GHz), FR2 (24.25 GHz – 52.6 GHz), FR3 (7.125 GHz – 24.25 GHz), FR4 (52.6 GHz – 114.25 GHz), FR4a or FR4-1 (52.6 GHz – 71 GHz), and FR5 (114.25 GHz – 300 GHz). In some implementations, the NEs 102 and the UEs 104 may perform wireless communications over one or more of the operating frequency bands. In some implementations, FR1 may be used by the NEs 102 and the UEs 104, among other equipment or devices for cellular communications traffic (e.g., control information, data). In some implementations, FR2 may be used by the NEs 102 and the UEs 104, among other equipment or devices for short-range, high data rate capabilities.

[0055] FR1 may be associated with one or multiple numerologies (e.g., at least three numerologies). For example, FR1 may be associated with a first numerology (e.g., ^^^^=0), which includes 15 kHz subcarrier spacing; a second numerology (e.g., ^^^^=1), which includes 30 kHz subcarrier spacing; and a third numerology (e.g., ^^^^=2), which includes 60 kHz subcarrier spacing. FR2 may be associated with one or multiple numerologies (e.g., at least 2 numerologies). For example, FR2 may be associated with a third numerology (e.g., ^^^^=2), which includes 60 kHz subcarrier spacing; and a fourth numerology (e.g., ^^^^=3), which includes 120 kHz subcarrier spacing.

[0056] As described herein, a cell, such as the NE 102, may be configured to confine paging frames and / or paging occasions within an active period of the cell, such as during ON durations of a paging cycle for the cell as indicated in a DTX configuration of the cell. Otherwise, the cell may perform a calculation of a PFI that is not based on its DTX configuration.

[0057] Figure 2 illustrates an example of a paging frame index calculation 200 for UEs in a paging cycle in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. A paging cycle for the cell may include active periods 210 (e.g., an active mode or ON duration) and inactive periods 220 (e.g., a sleep mode or OFF duration), as indicated in a DTX configuration for the cell.

[0058] As described herein, using a legacy PFI calculation, a UE occupancy 225 may fall either inside of an active period 210, and the UE receives paging frames and / or paging occasions, or inside of an inactive period 220, and the UE does not receive paging frames or paging occasions. 12 Firm Ref. No.793MS0162PCLenovo Ref. No. SMM920240038-WO-PCT

[0059] In some cases, a paging frame may be a radio frame in which one or more paging occasions are being transmitted. The paging frame is specified in a System Information Block Type 2 (SIB2) and is typically set to a value that aligns with a radio frame boundary of the cell associated with a UE. A paging occasion may be a specific subframe within a paging frame that wakes up a UE. Further, the paging cycle determines the interval between consecutive paging occasions, where a radio frame number (RFN) of the cell is a counter that increments with every radio frame and is used to determine the subframes that correspond to the paging occasion.

[0060] Similar to cell network saving operations, a UE (e.g., the UE 104) may also employ energy saving, such as DTX / DRX. For example, the UE 104 may employ paging cycle DRX, where the UE 104 employs DRX with a paging cycle to further reduce the power consumption of the UE 104. Using paging cycle DRX, the UE 104 only monitors a paging channel during specific DRX periods within each paging cycle (instead of monitoring the channel continuously throughout the cycle).

[0061] In some cases, the paging cycle DRX mechanism is implemented by defining two parameters: the I_DRX cycle and the paging cycle. The I_DRX cycle is the time interval during which the UE's receiver is switched off, while the paging cycle is the time interval between successive paging occasions. The DRX cycle duration is typically shorter than the paging cycle, and it is expressed as a multiple of the subframe duration.

[0062] During the paging cycle DRX operation, the UE 104 turns off its receiver during the DRX period and wakes up briefly at the end of each DRX period to check if there is any paging message on the paging channel. If there is no paging message, the UE 104 goes back to sleep and repeats the DRX cycle until the end of the current paging cycle. If there is a paging message, the UE 104 fully wakes up and initiates a connection with the network to receive the message and respond as needed.

[0063] In some cases, a paging frame is calculated using the following formula: PF = SFN mod T = (T / N) x (UE_ID mod N), where, T = I_DRX cycle length in radio frames, N = Min(T, nB), nB is total number of POs in one I_DRX cycle broadcast within SIB2 and can have values of {4T,2T,T,T / 2,T / 4,T / 8,T / 16,T / 32}, N can have values of {T,T / 2,T / 4,T / 8,T / 16,T / 32}, and UE_ID = TMSI mod 1024.Lenovo Ref. No. SMM920240038-WO-PCT

[0064] The formula to compute a paging occasion may be extracted from a look-up table, which is indexed, using: Ns = Max (1, nB / T), i_s = Floor(UE_ID / N) mod Ns, where Ns is the number of POs in a PF and is indicates the sub=frame number (e.g., PO) in the PF, the value of which is pre-defined for each value of the Ns.

[0065] Thus, when a cell implements energy saving, the cell may utilize a formula to determine a PFI for a UE (or UEs) that considers its NES configuration (e.g., its DTX configuration). For example, a cell DTX / DRX configuration may be activated in a cell by broadcasting the cell DTX / DTX configuration using the system information block. The cell, now an active NES cell, may then transmit the common channel (e.g., paging channels) for associated UEs during active times of the cell (e.g., as indicated by the broadcast configuration).

[0066] In some embodiments, when a NES configuration, such as a cell DTX / DRX configuration, is not activated in a cell, then the cell may apply (1) a legacy paging formula to calculate the paging frame index of a UE (as described herein), and / or may receive (2) an indication in a system information broadcast of whether to use the legacy paging formula or a new / enhanced paging formula to calculate the paging frame index of the UE.

[0067] In some cases, the system information broadcast may provide “N” active periods (e.g., one or more ON durations, where N>= 1), that are offset as part of the cell DTX / DRX configuration within a paging cycle to support UEs that also employ energy saving (e.g., DRX idle modes). The paging frames may be bundled (e.g., transmitted in a burst manner within the cell active time periods) to avoid unnecessary wake up by a base station to deliver paging messages, and thus increasing the energy consumption.

[0068] Figure 3 illustrates an example diagram 300 of an active time duration within a paging cycle for a cell in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. Each paging cycle 310 includes active time durations 312 (e.g., N>= 1) and inactive time durations 314 (or sleep mode durations) for the cell, as well as a starting offset and periodicity for active and inactive time durations within the paging cycle, as indicated in its DTX configuration.

[0069] In some embodiments, the cell may determine a new or enhanced paging frame index and / or paging occasions from the paging frame calculations for a UE that confine the 14 Firm Ref. No.793MS0162PCLenovo Ref. No. SMM920240038-WO-PCT paging frames and paging occasions transmitted by the cell to be within the active time durations 312 of the cell.

[0070] For example, the calculation of the PFI for a UE includes the DTX configuration of the NES cell. First, the cell selects an ON duration index from a DTX configuration that includes multiple ON durations within a paging cycle for a UE. The cell selects the ON duration index for a UE that is based on an IMSI or TMSI of the UE and a number of cell ON durations within a paging cycle.

[0071] In some cases, the cell selects the ON duration index from multiple cell ON durations (e.g., N>= 1) within a paging cycle for a UE by modulo implementation of the IMSI or TMSI of the UE 104 and the number of cell ON durations N within a paging cycle. Next, the cell identifies the paging frame index of the UE 104 within each selected ON duration in a paging cycle by implementing the modulo operation of the number of radio frames or subframes within an ON duration, which distributes the paging frame index of the UEs within each selected ON duration. Here, the paging frame index may be confined within the ON duration of the cell and may be bundled, as described herein.

[0072] The paging frame index of the UE 104 may be distributed within each selected ON duration by implementing the modulo operation with the number of radio frames or subframes in an ON duration. An offset may be added to the paging frame index calculation to determine a starting point of a selected cell ON duration, such as a radio frame, slot, and so on, from a paging cycle boundary.

[0073] An example calculation / determination is as follows:

[0074] Idx_DTXDRX period within one paging cycle for a UE = UE_ID mod number of DTXDRX_cycle within one paging cycle, where UE_ID = TMSI mod 1024, the paging Frame Index of a UE = paging frame offset + (paging cycle / n)* (UE_ID mod number of frames in an active period), and the paging frame offset = Idx_DTXDRX period within one paging cycle for a UE * numactiveperiod.

[0075] Figure 4 illustrates an example of a paging frame index calculation 400 for UEs within an active time duration of a paging cycle for a cell in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. Unlike the paging cycle of Figure 2, by employing the enhanced 15 Firm Ref. No.793MS0162PCLenovo Ref. No. SMM920240038-WO-PCT determination / calculation of the PFI, all UE occupancies 425 now fall inside active periods 410, and not inside any inactive periods 420. Thus, the UE receives the paging frames and / or paging occasions from the NES cell.

[0076] In some embodiments, the paging occasions are frequency division multiplexed (FDMed) within a paging slot to compensate for a decrease in number of PFs by increasing the POs per PF, as well as bundling the paging occasions in a burst manner, such that each UE specific paging resources / PO for a subset of devices are separated in the frequency domain resources and time domain resources. Paging occasion calculations may thus be based on the paging resources assigned in the frequency domain and time domain resources. Figure 5 illustrates an example diagram 500 of frequency division multiplexed and time division multiplexed paging occasions in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. While certain slots (e.g., slot 4, slot 9) are depicted, paging occasions may be bundled in a burst manner (e.g., in consecutive slots), as described herein.

[0077] In some cases, such when multiple FDMed paging occasions / resources in a paging slot, multiple paging downlink control information (DCI) may be configured such that each paging DCI (e.g., paging physical downlink control channel, or PDCCH) is scrambled with reserved radio network temporary identifiers (RNTIs) for paging (e.g., group specific paging RNTIs). The paging DCI indicates the time frequency resource of the FDMed paging resources in the paging slot. While current 5G resources only reserve 65534 as the paging RNTI, the FDMed paging resources may reserve multiple different paging RNTIs.

[0078] In some cases, UEs belonging to a paging group may be configured with each of the reserved paging RNTIs for monitoring paging PDCCH.

[0079] In some cases, a single paging DCI scrambled with one paging RNTI may indicate time frequency resources for multiple FDMed paging resources in the paging slot. Each of the paging groups may be assigned with one FDMed paging resource for receiving the paging message.

[0080] In some cases, a number of paging groups can be increased to accommodate a greater number of idle mode UEs in the paging occasions (although an increased grouping 16 Firm Ref. No.793MS0162PCLenovo Ref. No. SMM920240038-WO-PCT may increase a paging false alarm rate), else the paging occasions may be increased to accommodate additional idle mode UEs.

[0081] Figure 6 illustrates an example of a UE 600 in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The UE 600 may include a processor 602, a memory 604, a controller 606, and a transceiver 608. The processor 602, the memory 604, the controller 606, or the transceiver 608, or various combinations thereof or various components thereof may be examples of means for performing various aspects of the present disclosure as described herein. These components may be coupled (e.g., operatively, communicatively, functionally, electronically, electrically) via one or more interfaces.

[0082] The processor 602, the memory 604, the controller 606, or the transceiver 608, or various combinations or components thereof may be implemented in hardware (e.g., circuitry). The hardware may include a processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or other programmable logic device, or any combination thereof configured as or otherwise supporting a means for performing the functions described in the present disclosure.

[0083] The processor 602 may include an intelligent hardware device (e.g., a general- purpose processor, a DSP, a CPU, an ASIC, an FPGA, or any combination thereof). In some implementations, the processor 602 may be configured to operate the memory 604. In some other implementations, the memory 604 may be integrated into the processor 602. The processor 602 may be configured to execute computer-readable instructions stored in the memory 604 to cause the UE 600 to perform various functions of the present disclosure.

[0084] The memory 604 may include volatile or non-volatile memory. The memory 604 may store computer-readable, computer-executable code including instructions when executed by the processor 602 cause the UE 600 to perform various functions described herein. The code may be stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium such the memory 604 or another type of memory. Computer-readable media includes both non- transitory computer storage media and communication media including any medium that facilitates transfer of a computer program from one place to another. A non-transitory storage medium may be any available medium that may be accessed by a general-purpose or special-purpose computer. 17 Firm Ref. No.793MS0162PCLenovo Ref. No. SMM920240038-WO-PCT

[0085] In some implementations, the processor 602 and the memory 604 coupled with the processor 602 may be configured to cause the UE 600 to perform one or more of the functions described herein (e.g., executing, by the processor 602, instructions stored in the memory 604). For example, the processor 602 may support wireless communication at the UE 600 in accordance with examples as disclosed herein.

[0086] The controller 606 may manage input and output signals for the UE 600. The controller 606 may also manage peripherals not integrated into the UE 600. In some implementations, the controller 606 may utilize an operating system such as iOS®, ANDROID®, WINDOWS®, or other operating systems. In some implementations, the controller 606 may be implemented as part of the processor 602.

[0087] In some implementations, the UE 600 may include at least one transceiver 608. In some other implementations, the UE 600 may have more than one transceiver 608. The transceiver 608 may represent a wireless transceiver. The transceiver 608 may include one or more receiver chains 610, one or more transmitter chains 612, or a combination thereof.

[0088] A receiver chain 610 may be configured to receive signals (e.g., control information, data, packets) over a wireless medium. For example, the receiver chain 610 may include one or more antennas for receive the signal over the air or wireless medium. The receiver chain 610 may include at least one amplifier (e.g., a low-noise amplifier (LNA)) configured to amplify the received signal. The receiver chain 610 may include at least one demodulator configured to demodulate the receive signal and obtain the transmitted data by reversing the modulation technique applied during transmission of the signal. The receiver chain 610 may include at least one decoder for decoding the processing the demodulated signal to receive the transmitted data.

[0089] A transmitter chain 612 may be configured to generate and transmit signals (e.g., control information, data, packets). The transmitter chain 612 may include at least one modulator for modulating data onto a carrier signal, preparing the signal for transmission over a wireless medium. The at least one modulator may be configured to support one or more techniques such as amplitude modulation (AM), frequency modulation (FM), or digital modulation schemes like phase-shift keying (PSK) or quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM). The transmitter chain 612 may also include at least one power 18 Firm Ref. No.793MS0162PCLenovo Ref. No. SMM920240038-WO-PCT amplifier configured to amplify the modulated signal to an appropriate power level suitable for transmission over the wireless medium. The transmitter chain 612 may also include one or more antennas for transmitting the amplified signal into the air or wireless medium.

[0090] Figure 7 illustrates an example of a processor 700 in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The processor 700 may be an example of a processor configured to perform various operations in accordance with examples as described herein. The processor 700 may include a controller 702 configured to perform various operations in accordance with examples as described herein. The processor 700 may optionally include at least one memory 704, which may be, for example, an L1 / L2 / L3 cache. Additionally, or alternatively, the processor 700 may optionally include one or more arithmetic-logic units (ALUs) 706. One or more of these components may be in electronic communication or otherwise coupled (e.g., operatively, communicatively, functionally, electronically, electrically) via one or more interfaces (e.g., buses).

[0091] The processor 700 may be a processor chipset and include a protocol stack (e.g., a software stack) executed by the processor chipset to perform various operations (e.g., receiving, obtaining, retrieving, transmitting, outputting, forwarding, storing, determining, identifying, accessing, writing, reading) in accordance with examples as described herein. The processor chipset may include one or more cores, one or more caches (e.g., memory local to or included in the processor chipset (e.g., the processor 700) or other memory (e.g., random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), dynamic RAM (DRAM), synchronous dynamic RAM (SDRAM), static RAM (SRAM), ferroelectric RAM (FeRAM), magnetic RAM (MRAM), resistive RAM (RRAM), flash memory, phase change memory (PCM), and others).

[0092] The controller 702 may be configured to manage and coordinate various operations (e.g., signaling, receiving, obtaining, retrieving, transmitting, outputting, forwarding, storing, determining, identifying, accessing, writing, reading) of the processor 700 to cause the processor 700 to support various operations in accordance with examples as described herein. For example, the controller 702 may operate as a control unit of the processor 700, generating control signals that manage the operation of various components 19 Firm Ref. No.793MS0162PCLenovo Ref. No. SMM920240038-WO-PCT of the processor 700. These control signals include enabling or disabling functional units, selecting data paths, initiating memory access, and coordinating timing of operations.

[0093] The controller 702 may be configured to fetch (e.g., obtain, retrieve, receive) instructions from the memory 704 and determine subsequent instruction(s) to be executed to cause the processor 700 to support various operations in accordance with examples as described herein. The controller 702 may be configured to track memory address of instructions associated with the memory 704. The controller 702 may be configured to decode instructions to determine the operation to be performed and the operands involved. For example, the controller 702 may be configured to interpret the instruction and determine control signals to be output to other components of the processor 700 to cause the processor 700 to support various operations in accordance with examples as described herein. Additionally, or alternatively, the controller 702 may be configured to manage flow of data within the processor 700. The controller 702 may be configured to control transfer of data between registers, arithmetic logic units (ALUs), and other functional units of the processor 700.

[0094] The memory 704 may include one or more caches (e.g., memory local to or included in the processor 700 or other memory, such RAM, ROM, DRAM, SDRAM, SRAM, MRAM, flash memory, etc. In some implementations, the memory 704 may reside within or on a processor chipset (e.g., local to the processor 700). In some other implementations, the memory 704 may reside external to the processor chipset (e.g., remote to the processor 700).

[0095] The memory 704 may store computer-readable, computer-executable code including instructions that, when executed by the processor 700, cause the processor 700 to perform various functions described herein. The code may be stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium such as system memory or another type of memory. The controller 702 and / or the processor 700 may be configured to execute computer-readable instructions stored in the memory 704 to cause the processor 700 to perform various functions. For example, the processor 700 and / or the controller 702 may be coupled with or to the memory 704, the processor 700, the controller 702, and the memory 704 may be configured to perform various functions described herein. In some examples, the processor 20 Firm Ref. No.793MS0162PCLenovo Ref. No. SMM920240038-WO-PCT 700 may include multiple processors and the memory 704 may include multiple memories. One or more of the multiple processors may be coupled with one or more of the multiple memories, which may, individually or collectively, be configured to perform various functions herein.

[0096] The one or more ALUs 706 may be configured to support various operations in accordance with examples as described herein. In some implementations, the one or more ALUs 706 may reside within or on a processor chipset (e.g., the processor 700). In some other implementations, the one or more ALUs 706 may reside external to the processor chipset (e.g., the processor 700). One or more ALUs 706 may perform one or more computations such as addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division on data. For example, one or more ALUs 706 may receive input operands and an operation code, which determines an operation to be executed. One or more ALUs 706 be configured with a variety of logical and arithmetic circuits, including adders, subtractors, shifters, and logic gates, to process and manipulate the data according to the operation. Additionally, or alternatively, the one or more ALUs 706 may support logical operations such as AND, OR, exclusive-OR (XOR), not-OR (NOR), and not-AND (NAND), enabling the one or more ALUs 706 to handle conditional operations, comparisons, and bitwise operations.

[0097] The processor 700 may support wireless communication in accordance with examples as disclosed herein.

[0098] Figure 8 illustrates an example of a NE 800 in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The NE 800 may include a processor 802, a memory 804, a controller 806, and a transceiver 808. The processor 802, the memory 804, the controller 806, or the transceiver 808, or various combinations thereof or various components thereof may be examples of means for performing various aspects of the present disclosure as described herein. These components may be coupled (e.g., operatively, communicatively, functionally, electronically, electrically) via one or more interfaces.

[0099] The processor 802, the memory 804, the controller 806, or the transceiver 808, or various combinations or components thereof may be implemented in hardware (e.g., circuitry). The hardware may include a processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or other programmable logic device, or any 21 Firm Ref. No.793MS0162PCLenovo Ref. No. SMM920240038-WO-PCT combination thereof configured as or otherwise supporting a means for performing the functions described in the present disclosure.

[0100] The processor 802 may include an intelligent hardware device (e.g., a general- purpose processor, a DSP, a CPU, an ASIC, an FPGA, or any combination thereof). In some implementations, the processor 802 may be configured to operate the memory 804. In some other implementations, the memory 804 may be integrated into the processor 802. The processor 802 may be configured to execute computer-readable instructions stored in the memory 804 to cause the NE 800 to perform various functions of the present disclosure.

[0101] The memory 804 may include volatile or non-volatile memory. The memory 804 may store computer-readable, computer-executable code including instructions when executed by the processor 802 cause the NE 800 to perform various functions described herein. The code may be stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium such the memory 804 or another type of memory. Computer-readable media includes both non- transitory computer storage media and communication media including any medium that facilitates transfer of a computer program from one place to another. A non-transitory storage medium may be any available medium that may be accessed by a general-purpose or special-purpose computer.

[0102] In some implementations, the processor 802 and the memory 804 coupled with the processor 802 may be configured to cause the NE 800 to perform one or more of the functions described herein (e.g., executing, by the processor 802, instructions stored in the memory 804).

[0103] For example, the processor 802 may support wireless communication at the NE 800 in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. The NE 800 may be configured to support a means for selecting a DTX configuration for the network entity, and determining a PFI for a UE associated with the network entity that is based on a unique identifier of the UE and the selected DTX configuration.

[0104] As another example, the processor 802 may support wireless communication at the NE 800 in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. The NE 800 may be configured to support a means for receiving a DTX configuration for the network entity that 22 Firm Ref. No.793MS0162PCLenovo Ref. No. SMM920240038-WO-PCT identifies a number of active transmission periods for the network entity, and selecting a paging formula for determining a PFI for a UE associated with the network entity based on the DTX configuration.

[0105] The controller 806 may manage input and output signals for the NE 800. The controller 806 may also manage peripherals not integrated into the NE 800. In some implementations, the controller 806 may utilize an operating system such as iOS®, ANDROID®, WINDOWS®, or other operating systems. In some implementations, the controller 806 may be implemented as part of the processor 802.

[0106] In some implementations, the NE 800 may include at least one transceiver 808. In some other implementations, the NE 800 may have more than one transceiver 808. The transceiver 808 may represent a wireless transceiver. The transceiver 808 may include one or more receiver chains 810, one or more transmitter chains 812, or a combination thereof.

[0107] A receiver chain 810 may be configured to receive signals (e.g., control information, data, packets) over a wireless medium. For example, the receiver chain 810 may include one or more antennas for receive the signal over the air or wireless medium. The receiver chain 810 may include at least one amplifier (e.g., a low-noise amplifier (LNA)) configured to amplify the received signal. The receiver chain 810 may include at least one demodulator configured to demodulate the receive signal and obtain the transmitted data by reversing the modulation technique applied during transmission of the signal. The receiver chain 810 may include at least one decoder for decoding the processing the demodulated signal to receive the transmitted data.

[0108] A transmitter chain 812 may be configured to generate and transmit signals (e.g., control information, data, packets). The transmitter chain 812 may include at least one modulator for modulating data onto a carrier signal, preparing the signal for transmission over a wireless medium. The at least one modulator may be configured to support one or more techniques such as amplitude modulation (AM), frequency modulation (FM), or digital modulation schemes like phase-shift keying (PSK) or quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM). The transmitter chain 812 may also include at least one power amplifier configured to amplify the modulated signal to an appropriate power level suitable 23 Firm Ref. No.793MS0162PCLenovo Ref. No. SMM920240038-WO-PCT for transmission over the wireless medium. The transmitter chain 812 may also include one or more antennas for transmitting the amplified signal into the air or wireless medium.

[0109] Figure 9 illustrates a flowchart of a method in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The operations of the method may be implemented by an NE as described herein. In some implementations, the NE may execute a set of instructions to control the function elements of the NE to perform the described functions.

[0110] At 902, the method may include selecting a DTX configuration for the network entity. The operations of 902 may be performed in accordance with examples as described herein. In some implementations, aspects of the operations of 902 may be performed by a NE as described with reference to Figure 8.

[0111] At 904, the method may include determining a PFI for a UE associated with the network entity that is based on a unique identifier of the UE and the selected DTX configuration. The operations of 904 may be performed in accordance with examples as described herein. In some implementations, aspects of the operations of 904 may be performed by an NE as described with reference to Figure 8.

[0112] It should be noted that the method described herein describes a possible implementation, and that the operations and the steps may be rearranged or otherwise modified and that other implementations are possible.

[0113] Figure 10 illustrates a flowchart of a method in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The operations of the method may be implemented by an NE as described herein. In some implementations, the NE may execute a set of instructions to control the function elements of the NE to perform the described functions.

[0114] At 1002, the method may include receiving a DTX configuration for the network entity that identifies a number of active transmission periods for the network entity. The operations of 1002 may be performed in accordance with examples as described herein. In some implementations, aspects of the operations of 1002 may be performed by an NE as described with reference to Figure 8. 24 Firm Ref. No.793MS0162PCLenovo Ref. No. SMM920240038-WO-PCT

[0115] At 1004, the method may include selecting a paging formula for determining a PFI for a UE associated with the network entity based on the DTX configuration. The operations of 1004 may be performed in accordance with examples as described herein. In some implementations, aspects of the operations of 1004 may be performed by an NE as described with reference to Figure 8.

[0116] It should be noted that the method described herein describes a possible implementation, and that the operations and the steps may be rearranged or otherwise modified and that other implementations are possible.

[0117] The description herein is provided to enable a person having ordinary skill in the art to make or use the disclosure. Various modifications to the disclosure will be apparent to a person having ordinary skill in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other variations without departing from the scope of the disclosure. Thus, the disclosure is not limited to the examples and designs described herein but is to be accorded the broadest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein. 25 Firm Ref. No.793MS0162PC

Claims

Lenovo Ref. No. SMM920240038-WO-PCT CLAIMS What is claimed is:

1. A network entity for wireless communication, comprising: at least one memory; and at least one processor coupled with the at least one memory and configured to cause the network entity to: select a discontinuous transmission (DTX) configuration for the network entity; and determine a paging frame index (PFI) for a user equipment (UE) associated with the network entity that is based on a unique identifier of the UE and the selected DTX configuration.

2. The network entity of claim 1, wherein the at least one processor is configured to determine the PFI for the UE by determining a paging frame index calculation for the PFI by: selecting an ON duration index from multiple ON durations within a paging cycle of the network entity by a modulo operation of the unique identifier of the UE with respect to a number of ON durations within the paging cycle; and identifying the PFI for the UE within each ON duration of the paging cycle by a modulo operation that is based on a duration of each ON duration.

3. The network entity of claim 1, wherein the unique identifier of the UE comprises an international mobile subscriber identity (IMSI) or a temporary mobile subscriber identity (TMSI).

4. The network entity of claim 1, wherein the selected DTX configuration of the network entity comprises a number of active transmission periods of the network entity within a paging cycle of the network entity. 26 Firm Ref. No.793MS0162PCLenovo Ref. No. SMM920240038-WO-PCT 5. The network entity of claim 1, wherein the at least one processor is further configured to cause the network entity to: receive, via a system information block (SIB), the selected DTX configuration, wherein the selected DTX configuration comprises a number of active transmission periods that are offset with respect to the PFI of the UE.

6. The network entity of claim 1, wherein the at least one processor is further configured to cause the network entity to: transmit a paging message to the UE in a paging occasion (PO) during an active transmission period of the network entity identified by the selected DTX configuration.

7. The network entity of claim 6, wherein the PO is frequency division multiplexed (FDMed) in a paging slot.

8. A method performed by a network entity, the method comprising: selecting a discontinuous transmission (DTX) configuration for the network entity; and determining a paging frame index (PFI) for a user equipment (UE) associated with the network entity that is based on a unique identifier of the UE and the selected DTX configuration.

9. The method of claim 8, wherein determining the PFI for the UE includes determining a paging frame index calculation for the PFI by: selecting an ON duration index from multiple ON durations within a paging cycle of the network entity by a modulo operation of the unique identifier of the UE with respect to a number of ON durations within the paging cycle; and identifying the PFI for the UE within each ON duration of the paging cycle by a modulo operation that is based on a duration of each ON duration. 27 Firm Ref. No.793MS0162PCLenovo Ref. No. SMM920240038-WO-PCT 10. The method of claim 8, wherein the unique identifier of the UE comprises an international mobile subscriber identity (IMSI) or a temporary mobile subscriber identity (TMSI).

11. The method of claim 8, wherein the selected DTX configuration of the network entity comprises a number of active transmission periods of the network entity within a paging cycle of the network entity.

12. The method of claim 8, further comprising: receiving, via a system information block (SIB), the selected DTX configuration, wherein the selected DTX configuration comprises a number of active transmission periods that are offset with respect to the PFI of the UE.

13. The method of claim 8, further comprising: transmitting a paging message to the UE in a paging occasion (PO) during an active transmission period of the network entity identified by the selected DTX configuration.

14. The method of claim 8, wherein the PO is frequency division multiplexed (FDMed) in a paging slot.

15. A network entity for wireless communication, comprising: at least one memory; and at least one processor coupled with the at least one memory and configured to cause the network entity to: receive a discontinuous transmission (DTX) configuration for the network entity that identifies a number of active transmission periods for the network entity; and select a paging formula for determining a paging frame index (PFI) for a user equipment (UE) associated with the network entity based on the DTX configuration. 28 Firm Ref. No.793MS0162PCLenovo Ref. No. SMM920240038-WO-PCT 16. The network entity of claim 15, wherein the DTX configuration is received by the network entity via a system information block (SIB).

17. The network entity of the claim 15, wherein the selected paging formula comprises determining a paging frame index calculation for the PFI of the UE by: selecting an ON duration index from multiple ON durations within a paging cycle of the network entity by a modulo operation of a unique identifier of the UE with respect to a number of ON durations within the paging cycle; and identifying the PFI for the UE within each ON duration of the paging cycle by a modulo operation that is based on a duration of each ON duration.

18. A method performed by a network entity, the method comprising: receiving a discontinuous transmission (DTX) configuration for the network entity that identifies a number of active transmission periods for the network entity; and selecting a paging formula for determining a paging frame index (PFI) for a user equipment (UE) associated with the network entity based on the DTX configuration.

19. The method of claim 18, wherein the DTX configuration is received by the network entity via a system information block (SIB).

20. The method of claim 18, wherein the selected paging formula comprises determining a paging frame index calculation for the PFI of the UE by: selecting an ON duration index from multiple ON durations within a paging cycle of the network entity by a modulo operation of a unique identifier of the UE with respect to a number of ON durations within the paging cycle; and identifying the PFI for the UE within each ON duration of the paging cycle by a modulo operation that is based on a duration of each ON duration. 29 Firm Ref. No.793MS0162PC

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