Transmission line and resonator

Abstract

[Problem] To provide a transmission line and a resonator which make it possible to further improve the performance of a quantum computer. [Solution] The present invention provides a transmission line for transmitting a carrier wave, wherein the value of the characteristic impedance of a portion of the transmission line differs from the characteristic impedance of the front portion of the transmission line, which is located in front of said portion of the transmission line in the direction in which the carrier wave is transmitted, and the characteristic impedance of the rear portion of the transmission line, which is located behind said portion of the transmission line in the direction in which the carrier wave is transmitted.

Description

Transmission line and resonator

[0001] The present invention relates to a transmission line and a resonator, and more particularly to a transmission line having a resonance function and a resonator that constitutes the transmission line.

[0002] BACKGROUND ART Conventionally, research and development has been actively conducted to improve electrical characteristics by making extensive use of coaxial cables and the like that constitute transmission paths in wiring, for example, in electronic devices, information and communication devices, industrial devices, measuring devices, and the like.

[0003] In recent years, research into quantum computers has been attracting attention. Quantum computers are computers that perform calculations using quantum mechanical phenomena. To significantly improve the performance of quantum computers compared to conventional classical computers, it is essential to improve the transmission lines used in quantum computers. For this reason, technological development related to the transmission lines used in quantum computers is currently considered one of the important research areas that should be rapidly promoted in the future.

[0004] Patent Document 1 proposes a technique relating to a resonator using a transmission line.

[0005] JP 2009-115772 A

[0006] However, the technology proposed in Patent Document 1 may not be able to further improve the performance of quantum computers.

[0007] The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and has as its main object to provide a transmission line and a resonator that can further improve the performance of quantum computers.

[0008] As a result of intensive research to achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the inventors have succeeded in developing a transmission line and a resonator that can further improve the performance of quantum computers, thereby completing the present invention.

[0009] That is, as a first aspect, the present invention provides a transmission line that transmits a carrier wave, in which the characteristic impedance of a portion of the transmission line, the characteristic impedance of a front portion of the transmission line that is located in front of the portion of the transmission line in the direction in which the carrier wave is transmitted, and the characteristic impedance of a rear portion of the transmission line that is located behind the portion of the transmission line in the direction in which the carrier wave is transmitted are different values.

[0010] The transmission line of the first aspect according to the present invention may have a first connector and a second connector, and in the transmission line of the first aspect according to the present invention, a portion of the transmission line and a front portion of the transmission line may be electrically connected via the first connector, and a portion of the transmission line and a rear portion of the transmission line may be electrically connected via the second connector.

[0011] In the transmission line according to the first aspect of the present invention, a part of the transmission line may have a resonance function.

[0012] In the transmission line according to the first aspect of the present invention, each of the front portion of the transmission line, a part of the transmission line, and the rear portion of the transmission line may be a superconductor.

[0013] In the transmission line according to the first aspect of the present invention, each of the front portion of the transmission line, the part of the transmission line, and the rear portion of the transmission line may be a coaxial cable.

[0014] In the transmission line according to the first aspect of the present invention, a front portion of the transmission line, a part of the transmission line, and a rear portion of the transmission line may be continuously arranged in this order.

[0015] According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a transmission line for transmitting a carrier wave and comprising a coaxial cable, the coaxial cable including a first coaxial cable portion and two second coaxial cable portions adjacent to two ends of the first coaxial cable portion in a direction in which the carrier wave is transmitted, the first coaxial cable portion having a first central conductor portion, a first insulator portion disposed on an outer periphery of the first central conductor portion, and a first outer conductor portion disposed on an outer periphery of the first insulator portion, the second coaxial cable portion having a second central conductor portion, a second insulator portion disposed on an outer periphery of the second central conductor portion, and a second outer conductor portion disposed on an outer periphery of the second insulator portion, Provided is a transmission line in which the distance between the first central conductor and the first outer conductor in a cross-sectional view when the first coaxial cable portion is cut in the longitudinal direction of the first coaxial cable portion is different from the distance between the second central conductor and the second outer conductor in a cross-sectional view when the second coaxial cable portion is cut in the longitudinal direction of the second coaxial cable portion.

[0016] In the transmission line of the second aspect according to the present invention, the distance between the first center conductor and the first outer conductor in a cross-sectional view when the first coaxial cable portion is cut in the longitudinal direction of the first coaxial cable portion may be larger than the distance between the second center conductor and the second outer conductor in a cross-sectional view when the second coaxial cable portion is cut in the longitudinal direction of the second coaxial cable portion.

[0017] In the transmission line of the second aspect according to the present invention, the first external conductor portion may be a convex portion that protrudes outward in a direction opposite to the first insulator portion with respect to two of the second external conductor portions that are adjacent to each of two ends of the first external conductor portion in the direction in which the carrier wave is transmitted.

[0018] In the transmission line of the second aspect according to the present invention, two of the second outer conductor portions of each of the two second coaxial cable portions may be formed discontinuously, and a gap may be formed between the two outer conductor portions, and the first outer conductor portion may be laminated on an outer surface opposite to the second insulator portion side, of an end portion of each of the two second outer conductor portions on the gap side in the transmission direction of the carrier wave, so as to cover the gap.

[0019] In the transmission line of the second aspect according to the present invention, the distance between the first central conductor and the second outer conductor in a cross-sectional view when the first coaxial cable portion is cut in the longitudinal direction of the first coaxial cable portion may be smaller than the distance between the second central conductor and the second outer conductor in a cross-sectional view when the second coaxial cable portion is cut in the longitudinal direction of the second coaxial cable portion.

[0020] In the transmission line of the second aspect according to the present invention, the first outer conductor portion may be a recess that is recessed inward, toward the first insulator portion, relative to two of the second outer conductor portions that are adjacent to each of the two ends of the first outer conductor portion in the direction in which the carrier wave is transmitted.

[0021] In the transmission path of the second aspect according to the present invention, two of the second outer conductor portions of each of the two second coaxial cable portions may be formed discontinuously, a gap may be formed between the two outer conductor portions, and the first outer conductor portion may be laminated on an inner surface, on the second insulator portion side, of an end portion of each of the two outer conductor portions on the gap side in the direction in which the carrier wave is transmitted, so as to cover the gap.

[0022] In the transmission line of the second aspect according to the present invention, the first coaxial cable portion may have two of the first outer conductor portions, and of the two first outer conductor portions, one of the first outer conductor portions may be arranged on the outer periphery of the first insulator portion, and the other of the first outer conductor portions may be arranged on the outer periphery of the one first outer conductor portion, and of the two second outer conductor portions that each of the two second coaxial cable portions has, one of the second outer conductor portions and the other first outer conductor portion may be formed continuously, or the other of the second outer conductor portions and the other first outer conductor portion may be formed continuously.

[0023] In the transmission line according to the second aspect of the present invention, the coaxial cable may include a plurality of the first coaxial cable portions.

[0024] In the transmission line of the second aspect of the present invention, the first coaxial cable portion is repeatedly formed via the second coaxial cable portion. The transmission line according to any one of [7] to

[14] .

[0025] In the transmission line according to the second aspect of the present invention, the first coaxial cable portion may have a resonance function.

[0026] In the transmission line according to the second aspect of the present invention, the coaxial cable may be a superconductor (which may also be referred to as a superconductor; the same applies hereinafter).

[0027] As a third aspect, the present invention provides a transmission line for transmitting a carrier wave, the transmission line comprising a coaxial cable, the coaxial cable having a center conductor, an insulator disposed around the outer periphery of the center conductor, and an outer conductor disposed around the outer periphery of the insulator, the center conductor being separated into at least two separated portions, and the center conductor being discontinuous in the longitudinal direction of the center conductor.

[0028] In the transmission line of the third aspect of the present invention, the coaxial cable may have the center conductor, the insulator arranged on the outer periphery of the center conductor, a first outer conductor arranged on the outer periphery of the insulator, and a second outer conductor arranged on the outer periphery of the first outer conductor, and two divided portions may be formed, one where the at least two center conductors are divided and the other where at least a portion of the first outer conductor that faces each other in the radial direction of the coaxial cable is divided, and the two second outer conductors may be arranged so that the first outer conductor covers each of the two divided portions.

[0029] In the transmission line according to the third aspect of the present invention, a coaxial cable portion corresponding to a region between the divided portions where the at least two central conductors are divided may have a resonance function.

[0030] In the transmission line according to the third aspect of the present invention, the coaxial cable may be a superconductor, and the superconductor may be aluminum or Nb—Ti (niobium titanium alloy).

[0031] As a fourth aspect, the present invention provides a resonator having a cable, the cable including at least a first cable portion along a part of the total length of the cable and a second cable portion along another part of the length, a first characteristic impedance of the first cable portion and a second characteristic impedance of the second cable portion being different values, and the first cable portion being a resonator.

[0032] In the resonator according to the fourth aspect of the present invention, the cable may include two of the second cable portions, and the first cable portion may be formed between the two second cable portions.

[0033] In the resonator according to the fourth aspect of the present invention, the cable may be a superconductor.

[0034] In the resonator of the fourth aspect according to the present invention, the cable may be a coaxial cable, the first cable portion may have a first central conductor, a first insulator arranged on the outer periphery of the first central conductor, and a first outer conductor arranged on the outer periphery of the first insulator, and the second cable portion may have a second central conductor, a second insulator arranged on the outer periphery of the second central conductor, and a second outer conductor arranged on the outer periphery of the second insulator.

[0035] In the resonator according to the fourth aspect of the present invention, the diameter of the first central conductor of the first cable portion may be different from the diameter of the second central conductor of the second cable portion.

[0036] In addition, as a fifth aspect, the present invention provides a resonator comprising at least a first cable, a second cable, and a connector, wherein a first characteristic impedance of the first cable and a second characteristic impedance of the second cable are different values, the first cable and the second cable are electrically connected via the connector, and the first cable is a resonating portion.

[0037] The resonator of the fifth aspect of the present invention may include two of the second cables and two of the connectors. In the resonator of the third aspect of the present invention, the first cable may be arranged between the two second cables, and one end of the first cable and the other end opposite to the one end may be electrically connected to each of the two second cables via each of the two connectors.

[0038] In the resonator according to the fifth aspect of the present invention, each of the first cable and the second cable may be a superconductor.

[0039] In the resonator according to the fifth aspect of the present invention, each of the first cable and the second cable may be a coaxial cable, the first cable may have a first central conductor, a first insulator arranged around the outer periphery of the first central conductor, and a first outer conductor arranged around the outer periphery of the first insulator, and the second cable may have a second central conductor, a second insulator arranged around the outer periphery of the second central conductor, and a second outer conductor arranged around the outer periphery of the second insulator.

[0040] In the resonator according to the fifth aspect of the present invention, the first central conductor of the first cable may have a different diameter from the second central conductor of the second cable.

[0041] Finally, as a sixth aspect, the present invention provides a transmission line for transmitting a carrier wave, the transmission line comprising a coaxial cable, the coaxial cable having a center conductor, an insulator arranged on the outer periphery of the center conductor, a first outer conductor arranged on the outer periphery of the insulator, and a second outer conductor arranged on the outer periphery of the first outer conductor, at least two divided portions are formed by dividing the center conductor, the center conductor is discontinuous in the longitudinal direction of the center conductor, at least two divided portions are formed by dividing the first outer conductor over the entire circumferential direction of the first outer conductor corresponding to each of the divided portions by dividing the at least two center conductors, the first outer conductor is discontinuous in the longitudinal direction of the first outer conductor, and at least two of the second outer conductors are arranged to cover each of the at least two divided portions by dividing the first outer conductor.

[0042] In the transmission line according to the sixth aspect of the present invention, the second outer conductor may be formed of a conductive pipe.

[0043] In the transmission line according to the sixth aspect of the present invention, the coaxial cable corresponding to a region between the divided portions where the at least two central conductors are divided may have a resonance function.

[0044] In the transmission line of the sixth aspect of the present invention, three division portions may be formed: three division portions where the center conductor is divided, each of the three division portions where the center conductor is divided, and three division portions where the entire circumferential direction of the first outer conductor corresponding to each of the three division portions where the center conductor is divided in the radial direction of the coaxial cable; two center conductors may be formed by forming the division portions where the three center conductors are divided; and each of the two center conductors may be shaved off starting from a position of each of the two center conductor portions corresponding to one end of each of the division portions where the three first outer conductors are divided or the other end opposite to the one end, so that the lengths of the two center conductors in the transmission direction of the carrier wave are approximately the same.

[0045] In the transmission line according to the sixth aspect of the present invention, the coaxial cable may be a superconductor, and the superconductor may be aluminum or Nb—Ti (niobium titanium alloy).

[0046] According to the present invention, further improvements in the performance of quantum computers can be realized. Note that the effects described herein are not necessarily limited to those described herein, and may be any of the effects described in this specification.

[0047] FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a first configuration example of a transmission line according to a first embodiment to which the present invention is applied. FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a second configuration example of a transmission line according to a second embodiment to which the present invention is applied. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a third configuration example of a transmission line according to a third embodiment to which the present invention is applied. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a fourth configuration example of a transmission line according to a fourth embodiment to which the present invention is applied. FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a fifth configuration example of a transmission line according to a fifth embodiment to which the present invention is applied. FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a sixth configuration example of a transmission line according to a sixth embodiment to which the present invention is applied. FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a seventh configuration example of a transmission line according to a seventh embodiment to which the present invention is applied. FIG. 8 is a diagram showing an eighth configuration example of a transmission line according to an eighth embodiment to which the present invention is applied. FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a ninth configuration example of a transmission line according to a ninth embodiment to which the present invention is applied. FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a tenth configuration example of a transmission line according to a tenth embodiment to which the present invention is applied. FIG. 11 is a diagram showing an eleventh configuration example of a transmission line according to an eleventh embodiment to which the present invention is applied. FIG. 12 is a diagram showing a twelfth configuration example of a transmission line according to a twelfth embodiment to which the present invention is applied, and is used to explain a method for manufacturing the twelfth configuration example of a transmission line. Fig. 13 is a diagram showing a configuration example 13 of a transmission line according to a thirteenth embodiment to which the present invention is applied. Fig. 14 is a diagram showing a configuration example 14 of a transmission line according to a fourteenth embodiment to which the present invention is applied. Fig. 15 is a diagram for explaining a manufacturing method of configuration example 15 of a transmission line according to a fifteenth embodiment to which the present invention is applied. Fig. 16 is a diagram showing a configuration example 16 of a transmission line according to a sixteenth embodiment to which the present invention is applied. Fig. 17 is a diagram showing a configuration example 17 of a transmission line according to a seventeenth embodiment to which the present invention is applied.

[0048] A preferred embodiment for carrying out the present invention will be described below. The embodiment described below shows an example of a typical embodiment of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention should not be construed as being narrow.

[0049] Unless otherwise specified, in the drawings, "upper" means the upper direction or upper side in the drawing, "lower" means the lower direction or lower side in the drawing, "left" means the left direction or left side in the drawing, and "right" means the right direction or right side in the drawing. Furthermore, in the drawings, the same or equivalent elements or members are given the same reference numerals, and redundant explanations will be omitted.

[0050] The description will be given in the following order: 1. Overview of the present invention 2. First embodiment (transmission path example 1) 3. Second embodiment (transmission path example 2) 4. Third embodiment (transmission path example 3) 5. Fourth embodiment (transmission path example 4) 6. Fifth embodiment (transmission path example 5) 7. Sixth embodiment (transmission path example 6) 8. Seventh embodiment (transmission path example 7) 9. Eighth embodiment (transmission path example 8) 10. Ninth embodiment (transmission path example 9) 11. Tenth embodiment (transmission path example 10) 12. Eleventh embodiment (transmission path example 11) 13. Twelfth embodiment (transmission path example 12) 14. Thirteenth embodiment (transmission path example 13) 15. Fourteenth embodiment (transmission path example 14) 16. Fifteenth embodiment (transmission path example 15) 17. Sixteenth embodiment (transmission path example 16) 18. Seventeenth embodiment (transmission path example 17)

[0051] <1. Overview of the Present Invention> First, an overview of the present invention will be described. The present invention relates to a transmission line (which may also be referred to as a resonator) having a resonance function, and in particular to a superconducting transmission line (a resonator having superconductivity) having a resonance function, specifically as follows. Examples of superconducting materials include Al (aluminum), Nb (niobium), and NbTi (niobium titanium).

[0052] That is, the present invention is a transmission line that transmits a carrier wave, in which the characteristic impedance of a portion of the transmission line, the characteristic impedance of a front portion of the transmission line located in front of the portion of the transmission line in the direction in which the carrier wave is transmitted (i.e., it may be considered to be adjacent to one of the two ends of the portion of the transmission line in the direction in which the carrier wave is transmitted; the same applies below), and the characteristic impedance of a rear portion of the transmission line located behind the portion of the transmission line in the direction in which the carrier wave is transmitted (i.e., it may be considered to be adjacent to the other of the two ends of the portion of the transmission line in the direction in which the carrier wave is transmitted; the same applies below) have different values. Note that the carrier wave is, for example, a radio wave, but is not limited to a radio wave (the same applies below).

[0053] The present invention provides a resonator having a cable, the cable including at least a first cable portion along a portion of the total length of the cable and a second cable portion along another portion of the total length of the cable, wherein a first characteristic impedance of the first cable portion and a second characteristic impedance of the second cable portion are different values, and the first cable portion is a resonating portion.

[0054] The present invention also provides a resonator comprising at least a first cable, a second cable, and a connector, wherein a first characteristic impedance of the first cable and a second characteristic impedance of the second cable are different values, the first cable and the second cable are electrically connected via the connector, and the first cable is a resonating portion.

[0055] Furthermore, the present invention provides a transmission line for transmitting a carrier wave and including a coaxial cable, the coaxial cable including a first coaxial cable portion and two second coaxial cable portions adjacent to two ends of the first coaxial cable portion in a direction in which the carrier wave is transmitted, the first coaxial cable portion having a first central conductor portion, a first insulator portion disposed on the outer periphery of the first central conductor portion, and a first outer conductor portion disposed on the outer periphery of the first insulator portion, a second central conductor portion, a second insulator portion disposed on the outer periphery of the second central conductor portion, and a second outer conductor portion disposed on the outer periphery of the second insulator portion, wherein the distance between the first central conductor portion and the first outer conductor portion in a cross section when the first coaxial cable portion is cut in the longitudinal direction of the first coaxial cable portion is different from the distance between the second central conductor portion and the second outer conductor portion in a cross section when the second coaxial cable portion is cut in the longitudinal direction of the second coaxial cable portion. Note that the first coaxial cable portion and the second coaxial cable portion may be formed adjacent to each other, and a region of the first coaxial cable portion and a region of the second coaxial cable portion may overlap each other.

[0056] Furthermore, the present invention provides a transmission line that transmits a carrier wave and includes a coaxial cable, the coaxial cable having a center conductor, an insulator arranged around the center conductor, and an outer conductor arranged around the insulator, and at least two divided portions are formed in the center conductor, making the center conductor discontinuous in the longitudinal direction of the center conductor.

[0057] According to the present invention, further improvements in the performance of quantum computers can be realized. More specifically, according to the present invention, when the quantum computer or the like operates normally intermittently, if the Q value indicating the quality of the resonator is, for example, Q, the operating time can be extended by Q times. This will be specifically explained below.

[0058] The time it takes for the calculation unit of a quantum computer to operate stably is usually as short as about 1 μsec. If data of this short time is input into a transmission line (resonator) according to the present invention, whose Q value is, for example, 10,000, it can be extended to 10,000 times 1 μsec, or 10 ms. Furthermore, if 1 μsec of data is repeatedly calculated, it will be possible to perform calculations 10,000 times longer.

[0059] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described specifically and in detail.

[0060] 2. First Embodiment (Example 1 of Transmission Path) A transmission path according to a first embodiment (example 1 of transmission path) of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.

[0061] FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a first example of the configuration of a transmission line according to a first embodiment of the present invention, specifically, a diagram showing an example of the configuration of a transmission line 100. As shown in FIG.

[0062] The transmission line 100 includes a portion (first cable portion) 112 of the transmission line, a front portion (second cable portion) 113 of the transmission line located in front of the portion 112 of the transmission line in the direction P in which the carrier wave propagates, and a rear portion (second cable portion) 111 of the transmission line located behind the portion 112 of the transmission line in the direction P in which the carrier wave propagates. The transmission line 100 may be a superconductor, and may also be considered as a resonator.

[0063] A part (first cable part) 112 of the transmission path is a coaxial cable part, and has a central conductor 101-1, an insulator 104 arranged on the outer periphery of the central conductor 101-1, and an outer conductor 102 arranged on the outer periphery of the insulator 104.

[0064] The front part (second cable part) 113 of the transmission line is a coaxial cable part, and has a central conductor 101-2-2, an insulator 104 arranged on the outer periphery of the central conductor 101-2-2, and an outer conductor 102 arranged on the outer periphery of the insulator 104.

[0065] The rear part (second cable part) 111 of the transmission line is a coaxial cable part, and has a central conductor 101-2-1, an insulator 104 arranged on the outer periphery of the central conductor 101-2-1, and an outer conductor 102 arranged on the outer periphery of the insulator 104.

[0066] As described above, the insulator 104 and the outer conductor 102 are common (identical) in part (first cable part) 112 of the transmission path, the front part (second cable part) 113 of the transmission path, and the rear part (second cable part) 111 of the transmission path.

[0067] The central conductors 101-1, 101-2-2, and 101-2-1 may include annealed copper wire, the insulator 104 may include a polymer material such as polyethylene, and the outer conductor 102 may include braided copper wire. Each of the central conductors 101-1, 101-2-2, and 101-2-1 and the outer conductor 102 may include at least one material selected from the group consisting of stainless steel, beryllium copper, phosphor bronze, and brass.

[0068] When the central conductors 101-1, 101-2-2, and 101-2-1 and the outer conductor 102 each contain stainless steel, heat insulation and corrosion resistance are obtained, and when they contain beryllium copper or phosphor bronze, heat insulation is obtained.Furthermore, when the central conductors 101-1, 101-2-2, and 101-2-1 and the outer conductor 102 each contain phosphor bronze or brass, they become non-magnetic.

[0069] The diameter of the central conductor 101-1 of the part (first cable part) 112 of the transmission line is smaller than the diameter of the central conductor 101-2-2 of the front part (second cable part) 113 of the transmission line and the diameter of the central conductor 101-2-1 of the rear part (second cable part) 111 of the transmission line. The diameters of the central conductors 101-2-2 and 101-2-1 are approximately the same. Although not shown, the diameters of the central conductors 101-1, 101-2-1, and 101-2-2 may be approximately the same, and the diameter of the outer conductor 102 (the outer conductor 102 of the part (first cable part) 112 of the transmission line) facing (corresponding to) the central conductor 101-2-1 may be smaller than the diameter of the outer conductor 102 (the outer conductor 102 of the front part (second cable part) 113 of the transmission line) facing (corresponding to) the central conductor 101-2-2 and the diameter of the outer conductor 102 (the outer conductor 102 of the rear part (second cable part) 111 of the transmission line) facing (corresponding to) the central conductor 101-2-1.

[0070] Due to this difference in the diameter of the central conductor, the characteristic impedance (Ω) of part (first cable portion) 112 of the transmission path is a value different from the characteristic impedance (Ω) of front part (second cable portion) 113 of the transmission path and the characteristic impedance (Ω) of rear part (second cable portion) 111 of the transmission path. For example, the characteristic impedance of part (first cable portion) 112 of the transmission path is 90 Ω, the characteristic impedance of front part (second cable portion) 113 of the transmission path is 50 Ω, and the characteristic impedance of rear part (second cable portion) 111 of the transmission path is 50 Ω.

[0071] Due to the difference in the characteristic impedance value, the part (first cable part) 112 of the transmission line has a resonance function, and the part (first cable part) 112 of the transmission line is formed as a resonance part.

[0072] An example of a method for manufacturing the transmission line 100 is as follows: The dielectric covering the central conductor (sometimes referred to as a core dielectric) is coated using an extruder. Examples of the core dielectric include fluorine-based resins such as PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene) and polyethylene. The transmission line 100 is then covered with a pipe (external conductor).

[0073] The above description of the first embodiment (transmission path example 1) of the present invention can be applied to the second to seventeenth embodiments of the present invention described below, unless there is any particular technical contradiction.

[0074] 3. Second Embodiment (Example 2 of Transmission Path) A transmission path according to a second embodiment (example 2 of transmission path) of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.

[0075] FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a second example of the configuration of a transmission line according to a second embodiment of the present invention, specifically, a diagram showing an example of the configuration of a transmission line 200. In FIG.

[0076] The transmission line 200 includes a part (first cable part) 212 of the transmission line, a front part (second cable part) 213 of the transmission line located in front of the part 212 of the transmission line in the direction P in which the carrier wave propagates, and a rear part (second cable part) 211 of the transmission line located behind the part 212 of the transmission line in the direction P in which the carrier wave propagates. The transmission line 200 may be a superconductor, and may also be considered as a resonator.

[0077] A part (first cable part) 212 of the transmission path is a coaxial cable part, and has a central conductor 201-1, an insulator 204 arranged on the outer periphery of the central conductor 201-1, and an outer conductor 202 arranged on the outer periphery of the insulator 204.

[0078] The front part (second cable part) 213 of the transmission line is a coaxial cable part, and has a central conductor 201-2-2, an insulator 204 arranged on the outer periphery of the central conductor 201-2-2, and an outer conductor 202 arranged on the outer periphery of the insulator 204.

[0079] The rear part (second cable part) 211 of the transmission line is a coaxial cable part, and has a central conductor 201-2-1, an insulator 204 arranged on the outer periphery of the central conductor 201-2-1, and an outer conductor 202 arranged on the outer periphery of the insulator 204.

[0080] As described above, the insulator 204 and the outer conductor 202 are common (identical) in a part (first cable part) 212 of the transmission path, a front part (second cable part) 213 of the transmission path, and a rear part (second cable part) 211 of the transmission path.

[0081] The central conductors 201-1, 201-2-2, and 201-2-1 may comprise annealed copper wire, the insulator 204 may comprise a polymer material such as polyethylene, and the outer conductor 102 may comprise braided copper wire. Each of the central conductors 201-1, 201-2-2, and 201-2-1 and the outer conductor 202 may comprise at least one material selected from the group consisting of stainless steel, beryllium copper, phosphor bronze, and brass.

[0082] When the central conductors 201-1, 201-2-2, and 201-2-1 and the outer conductor 202 each contain stainless steel, heat insulation and corrosion resistance are obtained, and when they contain beryllium copper or phosphor bronze, heat insulation is obtained. Furthermore, when the central conductors 201-1, 201-2-2, and 201-2-1 and the outer conductor 202 each contain phosphor bronze or brass, they become non-magnetic.

[0083] The diameter of the central conductor 201-1 of the part (first cable part) 212 of the transmission line is larger than the diameter of the central conductor 201-2-2 of the front part (second cable part) 213 of the transmission line and the diameter of the central conductor 201-2-1 of the rear part (second cable part) 211 of the transmission line. The diameters of the central conductors 201-2-2 and 201-2-1 are approximately the same. Although not shown, the diameters of the central conductors 201-1, 201-2-1, and 201-2-2 may be approximately the same, and the diameter of the external conductor 202 (the external conductor 202 of the part (first cable part) 212 of the transmission line) facing (corresponding to) the central conductor 201-2-1 may be larger than the diameter of the external conductor 202 facing (corresponding to) the central conductor 201-2-2 (the external conductor 202 of the front part (second cable part) 213 of the transmission line) and the diameter of the external conductor 202 facing (corresponding to) the central conductor 201-2-1 (the external conductor 202 of the rear part (second cable part) 211 of the transmission line).

[0084] Due to this difference in the diameter of the central conductor, the characteristic impedance (Ω) of part (first cable portion) 212 of the transmission path is a value different from the characteristic impedance (Ω) of front part (second cable portion) 213 of the transmission path and the characteristic impedance (Ω) of rear part (second cable portion) 211 of the transmission path. For example, the characteristic impedance of part (first cable portion) 212 of the transmission path is 30 Ω, the characteristic impedance of front part (second cable portion) 213 of the transmission path is 50 Ω, and the characteristic impedance of rear part (second cable portion) 211 of the transmission path is 50 Ω.

[0085] Due to the difference in the characteristic impedance value, the part (first cable part) 212 of the transmission line has a resonance function, and the part (first cable part) 212 of the transmission line is formed as a resonance part.

[0086] An example of a method for manufacturing the transmission line 200 is as follows: The dielectric covering the central conductor (sometimes referred to as a core inductor) is coated using an extruder. Examples of the core inductor include fluorine-based resins such as PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene) and polyethylene. The transmission line 200 is then covered with a pipe (external conductor).

[0087] The above description of the second embodiment (transmission path example 2) of the present invention can be applied to the first embodiment of the present invention described above and the third to seventeenth embodiments of the present invention described below, unless there is any particular technical contradiction.

[0088] 4. Third Embodiment (Transmission Path Example 3) A transmission path according to a third embodiment (transmission path example 3) of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.

[0089] FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a third example of the configuration of a transmission line according to the third embodiment of the present invention, specifically, a diagram showing a configuration example of a transmission line 300. In FIG.

[0090] The transmission line 300 includes a part (first cable part) 312 of the transmission line, a front part (second cable part) 313 of the transmission line located in front of the part 312 of the transmission line in the direction P in which the carrier wave propagates, and a rear part (second cable part) 311 of the transmission line located behind the part 312 of the transmission line in the direction P in which the carrier wave propagates. The transmission line 300 may be a superconductor, and may also be considered as a resonator.

[0091] A part (first cable part) 312 of the transmission path is a coaxial cable part, and has a central conductor 301-1, an insulator 304 arranged on the outer periphery of the central conductor 301-1, and an outer conductor 302 arranged on the outer periphery of the insulator 304.

[0092] The front part (second cable part) 313 of the transmission line is a coaxial cable part, and has a central conductor 301-2-2, an insulator 304 arranged on the outer periphery of the central conductor 301-2-2, and an outer conductor 302 arranged on the outer periphery of the insulator 304.

[0093] The rear part (second cable part) 311 of the transmission line is a coaxial cable part, and has a central conductor 301-2-1, an insulator 304 arranged on the outer periphery of the central conductor 301-2-1, and an outer conductor 302 arranged on the outer periphery of the insulator 304.

[0094] As described above, the insulator 304 and the outer conductor 302 are common (identical) in a part of the transmission path (first cable part) 312, a front part of the transmission path (second cable part) 313, and a rear part of the transmission path (second cable part) 311.

[0095] The center conductor 301-2-2 of the front portion (second cable portion) 313 of the transmission line is inserted into the insertion port 303R-1 of the pin 303R, and the center conductor 301-2-2 and the pin 303R are electrically connected. Although not shown, if the center conductor of another coaxial cable is inserted into the insertion port 303R-2 of the pin 303R, the center conductor 301-2-2 can be electrically connected to the center conductor of the other coaxial cable via the pin 303R. The coaxial cable (transmission line 300) including the part (first cable portion) 312 of the transmission line, the front portion (second cable portion) 313 of the transmission line, and the rear portion (second cable portion) 311 of the transmission line is electrically connected to another coaxial cable (the coaxial cable arranged to the right of the coaxial cable (transmission line 300) in FIG. 4 ) via the first connector 3000R.

[0096] The center conductor 301-2-1 of the rear portion (second cable portion) 311 of the transmission line is inserted into the insertion port 303L-1 of the pin 303L, and the center conductor 301-2-1 and the pin 303L are electrically connected. Although not shown, if the center conductor of another coaxial cable is inserted into the insertion port 303R-L of the pin 303L, the center conductor 301-2-1 can be electrically connected to the center conductor of the other coaxial cable via the pin 303L. The coaxial cable (transmission line 300) including the part (first cable portion) 312 of the transmission line, the front portion (second cable portion) 313 of the transmission line, and the rear portion (second cable portion) 311 of the transmission line is electrically connected to another coaxial cable (the coaxial cable arranged on the left side of the coaxial cable (transmission line 300) in FIG. 4 ) via the first connector 3000R.

[0097] The central conductors 301-1, 301-2-2, and 301-2-1 may comprise annealed copper wire, the insulator 304 may comprise a polymer material such as polyethylene, and the outer conductor 302 may comprise braided copper wire. Each of the central conductors 301-1, 301-2-2, and 301-2-1 and the outer conductor 302 may comprise at least one material selected from the group consisting of stainless steel, beryllium copper, phosphor bronze, and brass.

[0098] When the central conductors 301-1, 301-2-2, and 301-2-1 and the outer conductor 302 each contain stainless steel, heat insulation and corrosion resistance are obtained, and when they contain beryllium copper or phosphor bronze, heat insulation is obtained. Furthermore, when the central conductors 301-1, 301-2-2, and 301-2-1 and the outer conductor 302 each contain phosphor bronze or brass, they become non-magnetic.

[0099] The diameter of the central conductor 301-1 of a part (first cable part) 312 of the transmission line is smaller than the diameter of the central conductor 301-2-2 of the front part (second cable part) 313 of the transmission line and the diameter of the central conductor 301-2-1 of the rear part (second cable part) 311 of the transmission line. The diameters of the central conductors 301-2-2 and 301-2-1 are approximately the same. Although not shown, the diameters of the central conductors 301-1, 301-2-1, and 301-2-2 may be approximately the same, and the diameter of the outer conductor 302 (the outer conductor 302 of the part (first cable part) 312 of the transmission line) facing (corresponding to) the central conductor 301-2-1 may be smaller than the diameter of the outer conductor 302 facing (corresponding to) the central conductor 301-2-2 (the outer conductor 302 of the front part (second cable part) 313 of the transmission line) and the diameter of the outer conductor 302 facing (corresponding to) the central conductor 301-2-1 (the outer conductor 302 of the rear part (second cable part) 311 of the transmission line).

[0100] Due to this difference in the diameter of the central conductor, the characteristic impedance (Ω) of part (first cable portion) 312 of the transmission path is a value different from the characteristic impedance (Ω) of front part (second cable portion) 313 of the transmission path and the characteristic impedance (Ω) of rear part (second cable portion) 311 of the transmission path. For example, the characteristic impedance of part (first cable portion) 312 of the transmission path is 100 Ω, the characteristic impedance of front part (second cable portion) 313 of the transmission path is 50 Ω, and the characteristic impedance of rear part (second cable portion) 311 of the transmission path is 50 Ω.

[0101] Due to the difference in the characteristic impedance value, the part (first cable part) 312 of the transmission line has a resonance function, and the part (first cable part) 312 of the transmission line is formed as a resonance part.

[0102] The above description of the third embodiment (transmission path example 3) of the present invention can be applied to the first and second embodiments of the present invention described above and the fourth to seventeenth embodiments of the present invention described below, unless there is any particular technical contradiction.

[0103] 5. Fourth Embodiment (Example 4 of Transmission Path) A transmission path according to a fourth embodiment (example 4 of transmission path) of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.

[0104] FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a fourth example of the configuration of a transmission line according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention, specifically, a diagram showing an example of the configuration of a transmission line 400. In FIG.

[0105] The transmission line 400 includes a part (first cable) 5000 of the transmission line, a front part (second cable) 7000 of the transmission line located in front of the part 5000 of the transmission line in the direction P in which the carrier wave propagates, a rear part (second cable) 6000 of the transmission line located behind the part 5000 of the transmission line in the direction P in which the carrier wave propagates, a first connector 4000R, and a second connector 4000L. The transmission line 400 may be a superconductor, and may also be considered as a resonator.

[0106] A portion of the transmission line (first cable) 5000 and the front portion of the transmission line (second cable) 7000 are electrically connected via a first connector 4000R, and a portion of the transmission line (first cable) 5000 and the rear portion of the transmission line (second cable) 6000 are electrically connected via a second connector 4000L.

[0107] A part of the transmission path (first cable) 5000 is a coaxial cable and has a central conductor 5010, an insulator 5040 arranged around the central conductor 5010, and an outer conductor 502 arranged around the insulator 5040.

[0108] The center conductor 5010 may comprise annealed copper wire, the insulator 5040 may comprise a polymer material such as polyethylene, and the outer conductor 5020 may comprise braided copper wire.

[0109] Each of the central conductor 5010 and the outer conductor 5020 may include at least one selected from the group consisting of stainless steel, beryllium copper, phosphor bronze, and brass.

[0110] When the central conductor 5010 and the outer conductor 5020 each contain stainless steel, they provide heat insulation and corrosion resistance, when they contain beryllium copper or phosphor bronze they provide heat insulation, and when they contain phosphor bronze or brass they are non-magnetic.

[0111] The front part (second cable) 7000 of the transmission path is a coaxial cable and has a central conductor 7010, an insulator 7040 arranged around the outer periphery of the central conductor 7010, and an outer conductor (not shown) arranged around the outer periphery of the insulator 7040.

[0112] The center conductor 7010 may comprise annealed copper wire, the insulator 7040 may comprise a polymer material such as polyethylene, and the outer conductor (not shown) may comprise braided copper wire.

[0113] Each of the central conductor 7010 and the outer conductor (not shown) may include at least one selected from the group consisting of stainless steel, beryllium copper, phosphor bronze, and brass.

[0114] If the central conductor 7010 and the outer conductor (not shown) each contain stainless steel, they will have thermal insulation and corrosion resistance, if they contain beryllium copper or phosphor bronze they will have thermal insulation effects, and if they contain phosphor bronze or brass they will be non-magnetic.

[0115] The rear part (second cable) 6000 of the transmission path is a coaxial cable and has a central conductor 6010, an insulator 6040 arranged around the outer periphery of the central conductor 6010, and an outer conductor (not shown) arranged around the outer periphery of the insulator 6040.

[0116] The center conductor 6010 may comprise annealed copper wire, the insulator 6040 may comprise a polymer material such as polyethylene, and the outer conductor (not shown) may comprise braided copper wire.

[0117] Each of the central conductor 6010 and the outer conductor (not shown) may include at least one selected from the group consisting of stainless steel, beryllium copper, phosphor bronze, and brass.

[0118] If the central conductor 6010 and the outer conductor (not shown) each contain stainless steel, they will have thermal insulation and corrosion resistance, if they contain beryllium copper or phosphor bronze they will have thermal insulation effects, and if they contain phosphor bronze or brass they will be non-magnetic.

[0119] A front tip portion of a center conductor 5010 of a part (first cable) 5000 of the transmission line is inserted into an insertion port 7030-2 of a pin 7030, and the center conductor 5010 and the pin 7030 are electrically connected. Furthermore, a tip portion 7010-1 of a center conductor 7010 of a front part (second cable) 7000 of the transmission line is inserted into an insertion port 7030-1 of the pin 7030, and the center conductor 7010 and the pin 7030 are electrically connected. Therefore, the center conductor 5010 is electrically connected to the center conductor 7010 via the pin 7030.

[0120] A rear tip portion of a central conductor 5010 of a part (first cable) 5000 of the transmission line is inserted into an insertion port 6030-2 of the pin 6030, and the central conductor 5010 and the pin 6030 are electrically connected. Furthermore, a tip portion 6010-1 of the central conductor 6010 of a rear part (second cable) 6000 of the transmission line is inserted into an insertion port 6030-1 of the pin 6030, and the central conductor 6010 and the pin 6030 are electrically connected. Therefore, the central conductor 5010 is electrically connected to the central conductor 6010 via the pin 6030.

[0121] The diameter of the central conductor 5010 of the part (first cable) 5000 of the transmission line is smaller than the diameter of the central conductor 7010 of the front part (second cable) 7000 of the transmission line and the diameter of the central conductor 6010 of the rear part (second cable) 6000 of the transmission line. The diameter of the central conductor 7010 and the diameter of the central conductor 6010 are approximately the same. Although not shown in the figure, the diameters of the central conductor 5010, the central conductor 7010, and the central conductor 6010 may each be approximately the same, and the diameter of the outer conductor 5020 (the outer conductor 5020 of a part of the transmission path (first cable) 5000) facing (corresponding to) the central conductor 5010 may be smaller than the diameter of the outer conductor (the outer conductor of the front part of the transmission path (second cable) 7000) facing (corresponding to) the central conductor 7010 and the diameter of the outer conductor (the outer conductor of the rear part of the transmission path (second cable) 6000) facing (corresponding to) the central conductor 6010.

[0122] Due to this difference in the diameter of the central conductor, the characteristic impedance (Ω) of the part (first cable) 5000 of the transmission path is a different value from the characteristic impedance (Ω) of the front part (second cable) 7000 of the transmission path and the characteristic impedance (Ω) of the rear part (second cable) 6000 of the transmission path. For example, the characteristic impedance of the part (first cable) 5000 of the transmission path is 100 Ω, the characteristic impedance of the front part (second cable) 7000 of the transmission path is 50 Ω, and the characteristic impedance of the rear part (second cable) 6000 of the transmission path is 50 Ω.

[0123] Due to the difference in the characteristic impedance values, part of the transmission line (first cable) 5000 has a resonance function, and part of the transmission line (first cable) 5000 is formed as a resonance portion.

[0124] The above description of the fourth embodiment (transmission path example 4) of the present invention can be applied to the first to third embodiments of the present invention described above and the fifth to seventeenth embodiments of the present invention described below, unless there is any particular technical contradiction.

[0125] 6. Fifth Embodiment (Example 5 of Transmission Path) A transmission path according to a fifth embodiment (example 5 of transmission path) of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.

[0126] FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a fifth example of the configuration of a transmission line according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention, specifically, a diagram showing an example of the configuration of a transmission line 500. In FIG.

[0127] The transmission line 500 transmits a carrier wave and includes a coaxial cable 530. The coaxial cable 530 may be a superconductor.

[0128] The coaxial cable 530 included in the transmission path 500 includes a first coaxial cable portion 512 and second coaxial cable portions 511 and 512 that are adjacent to and continuously connected to the two ends of the first coaxial cable portion 512 in the direction P in which the carrier wave propagates. In Fig. 5 , the second coaxial cable portion 511 is adjacent to and continuously connected to the left end of the first coaxial cable portion 512, and the second coaxial cable portion 513 is adjacent to and continuously connected to the right end of the first coaxial cable portion 512.

[0129] The first coaxial cable portion 512 has a first central conductor portion 501, a first insulator portion 504 arranged on the outer periphery of the first central conductor portion 501, and a first outer conductor portion 502-1 arranged on the outer periphery of the first insulator portion 504.

[0130] The second coaxial cable portion 511 has a second central conductor portion 501, a second insulator portion 504 arranged on the outer periphery of the second central conductor portion 501, and a second outer conductor portion 502-2-1 arranged on the outer periphery of the second insulator portion 504.

[0131] The second coaxial cable portion 513 has a second central conductor portion 501, a second insulator portion 504 arranged on the outer periphery of the second central conductor portion 501, and a second outer conductor portion 502-2-2 arranged on the outer periphery of the second insulator portion 504.

[0132] The distance between the first central conductor portion 501 and the first outer conductor portion 502-1 in a cross-sectional view when the first coaxial cable portion 512 is cut in the longitudinal direction of the first coaxial cable portion 512 is greater than the distance between the second central conductor portion 501 and the second outer conductor portion 502-2-1 in a cross-sectional view when the second coaxial cable portion 511 is cut in the longitudinal direction of the second coaxial cable portion 511, and the distance between the second central conductor portion 501 and the second outer conductor portion 502-2-2 in a cross-sectional view when the second coaxial cable portion 513 is cut in the longitudinal direction of the second coaxial cable portion 513.

[0133] 5 , the first outer conductor portion 502-1 has a convex portion that protrudes outward relative to the two second outer conductor portions 502-2-1 and 502-2-2, on the side opposite to the first insulator portion 504. The convex portion has a trapezoidal shape in a cross section when the first coaxial cable portion 512 is cut in the longitudinal direction of the first coaxial cable portion 512. Note that the convex portion may also have a rectangular shape in a cross section when the first coaxial cable portion 512 is cut in the longitudinal direction of the first coaxial cable portion 512.

[0134] Due to this difference in distance between the central conductor portion and the outer conductor portion, the characteristic impedance (Ω) of the first coaxial cable portion 512 is a different value from the characteristic impedance (Ω) of the second coaxial cable portion 511 and the characteristic impedance (Ω) of the second coaxial cable portion 513.

[0135] Due to the difference in the characteristic impedance value, the first coaxial cable portion 512 has a resonance function, and the first coaxial cable portion 512 is formed as a resonance portion.

[0136] An example of a method for manufacturing the transmission line 500 is as follows: The transmission line 500 is manufactured by covering the central conductor with a dielectric (sometimes called a core inductor) using an extruder. Examples of the core inductor include fluorine-based resins such as PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene) and polyethylene.

[0137] The central conductor 501 may include annealed copper wire, the insulator 504 may include a polymer material such as polyethylene, and the first outer conductor portion 502-1, the second outer conductor portion 502-2-1, and the second outer conductor portion 502-2-2 may include braided copper wire. Each of the central conductor 501 and the first outer conductor portion 502-1, the second outer conductor portion 502-2-1, and the second outer conductor portion 502-2-2 may include at least one type selected from the group consisting of stainless steel, beryllium copper, phosphor bronze, and brass.

[0138] When the central conductor 501 and the first outer conductor portion 502-1, second outer conductor portion 502-2-1, and second outer conductor portion 502-2-2 each contain stainless steel, heat insulation and corrosion resistance are obtained, and when they contain beryllium copper or phosphor bronze, heat insulation is obtained.Furthermore, when the central conductor 501 and the first outer conductor portion 502-1, second outer conductor portion 502-2-1, and second outer conductor portion 502-2-2 each contain phosphor bronze or brass, they become non-magnetic.

[0139] The above description of the fifth embodiment (transmission path example 5) of the present invention can be applied to the first to fourth embodiments of the present invention described above and the sixth to seventeenth embodiments of the present invention described below, unless there is any particular technical contradiction.

[0140] 7. Sixth Embodiment (Example 6 of Transmission Path) A transmission path according to a sixth embodiment (example 6 of transmission path) of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.

[0141] FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a sixth example of a configuration of a transmission line according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention, specifically, a diagram showing a configuration example of a transmission line 600. In FIG.

[0142] The transmission line 600 transmits a carrier wave and includes a coaxial cable 630. The coaxial cable 630 may be a superconductor.

[0143] The coaxial cable 630 included in the transmission path 600 includes a first coaxial cable portion 612 and second coaxial cable portions 611 and 613 that are adjacent to and continuously connected to the two ends of the first coaxial cable portion 612 in the direction P in which the carrier wave propagates. In Fig. 6 , the second coaxial cable portion 611 is adjacent to and continuously connected to the left end of the first coaxial cable portion 612, and the second coaxial cable portion 613 is adjacent to and continuously connected to the right end of the first coaxial cable portion 612.

[0144] The first coaxial cable portion 612 has a first central conductor portion 601, a first insulator portion 604 arranged on the outer periphery of the first central conductor portion 601, and a first outer conductor portion 602-1 arranged on the outer periphery of the first insulator portion 604.

[0145] The second coaxial cable portion 611 has a second central conductor portion 601, a second insulator portion 604 arranged on the outer periphery of the second central conductor portion 601, and a second outer conductor portion 602-2-1 arranged on the outer periphery of the second insulator portion 604.

[0146] The second coaxial cable portion 613 has a second central conductor portion 601, a second insulator portion 604 arranged on the outer periphery of the second central conductor portion 601, and a second outer conductor portion 602-2-2 arranged on the outer periphery of the second insulator portion 604.

[0147] The distance between the first central conductor portion 601 and the first outer conductor portion 602-1 in a cross-sectional view when the first coaxial cable portion 612 is cut in the longitudinal direction of the first coaxial cable portion 612 is greater than the distance between the second central conductor portion 601 and the second outer conductor portion 602-2-1 in a cross-sectional view when the second coaxial cable portion 611 is cut in the longitudinal direction of the second coaxial cable portion 611, and the distance between the second central conductor portion 601 and the second outer conductor portion 602-2-2 in a cross-sectional view when the second coaxial cable portion 613 is cut in the longitudinal direction of the second coaxial cable portion 613.

[0148] 6, the two second outer conductor portions 602-2-1 and 602-2-2 are formed discontinuously, a gap is formed between the two outer conductor portions 602-2-1 and 602-2-2, and the first outer conductor portion 602-1 is provided so as to cover the gap by being laminated on the outer surface of the end of each of the two second outer conductor portions 602-2-1 and 602-2-2 that is on the gap side in the direction P in which the carrier wave is transmitted, on the opposite side from the second insulator portion 604. In other words, the first coaxial cable portion 612 and the second coaxial cable portion 611 are formed adjacent to each other continuously, and the region of the first coaxial cable portion 612 and the region of the second coaxial cable portion 611 overlap each other. Furthermore, the first coaxial cable portion 612 and the second coaxial cable portion 613 are formed adjacent to each other in a continuous manner, and the area of ​​the first coaxial cable portion 612 and the area of ​​the second coaxial cable portion 613 overlap each other.

[0149] Due to this difference in distance between the central conductor portion and the outer conductor portion, the characteristic impedance (Ω) of the first coaxial cable portion 612 is different from the characteristic impedance (Ω) of the second coaxial cable portion 611 and the characteristic impedance (Ω) of the second coaxial cable portion 613.

[0150] Due to the difference in the characteristic impedance value, the first coaxial cable portion 612 has a resonance function, and the first coaxial cable portion 612 is formed as a resonance portion.

[0151] An example of a manufacturing method for the transmission line 600 is as follows: The dielectric covering the central conductor (sometimes referred to as a core inductor) is coated using an extruder. Examples of core inductors include fluorine-based resins such as PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene) and polyethylene. Two separate metal pipes (external conductors) are inserted into the core, and first, they are tightly attached to the core using a die. Next, a slightly larger metal pipe (external conductor) is placed between the two metal pipes (two outer conductors). Finally, the pipe (external conductor) is slightly shrunk using a die to complete the manufacturing process.

[0152] The central conductor 601 may include annealed copper wire, the insulator 604 may include a polymer material such as polyethylene, and the first outer conductor portion 602-1, the second outer conductor portion 602-2-1, and the second outer conductor portion 602-2-2 may include braided copper wire. Each of the central conductor 601 and the first outer conductor portion 602-1, the second outer conductor portion 602-2-1, and the second outer conductor portion 602-2-2 may include at least one material selected from the group consisting of stainless steel, beryllium copper, phosphor bronze, and brass.

[0153] When the central conductor 601 and the first outer conductor portion 602-1, second outer conductor portion 602-2-1, and second outer conductor portion 602-2-2 each contain stainless steel, heat insulation and corrosion resistance are obtained, and when they contain beryllium copper or phosphor bronze, heat insulation is obtained.Furthermore, when the central conductor 601 and the first outer conductor portion 602-1, second outer conductor portion 602-2-1, and second outer conductor portion 602-2-2 each contain phosphor bronze or brass, they become non-magnetic.

[0154] The above description of the sixth embodiment (transmission path example 6) of the present invention can be applied to the first to fifth embodiments of the present invention described above and the seventh to seventeenth embodiments of the present invention described below, unless there is any particular technical contradiction.

[0155] 8. Seventh Embodiment (Seventh Example of Transmission Path) A transmission path according to a seventh embodiment (seventh example of transmission path) of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.

[0156] FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a seventh example of a configuration of a transmission line according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention, specifically, a diagram showing a configuration example of a transmission line 700. In FIG.

[0157] The transmission line 700 transmits a carrier wave and includes a coaxial cable 730. The coaxial cable 730 may be a superconductor.

[0158] The coaxial cable 730 included in the transmission path 700 includes a first coaxial cable portion 712, and second coaxial cable portions 711 and 713 that are adjacent to and continuously connected to the two ends of the first coaxial cable portion 712 in the carrier wave transmission direction P. In Fig. 7 , the second coaxial cable portion 711 is adjacent to and continuously connected to the left end of the first coaxial cable portion 712, and the second coaxial cable portion 713 is adjacent to and continuously connected to the right end of the first coaxial cable portion 712.

[0159] The first coaxial cable portion 712 has a first central conductor portion 701, a first insulator portion 704 arranged on the outer periphery of the first central conductor portion 701, and a first outer conductor portion 702-1 arranged on the outer periphery of the first insulator portion 704.

[0160] The second coaxial cable portion 711 has a second central conductor portion 701, a second insulator portion 704 arranged on the outer periphery of the second central conductor portion 701, and a second outer conductor portion 702-2-1 arranged on the outer periphery of the second insulator portion 704.

[0161] The second coaxial cable portion 713 has a second central conductor portion 701, a second insulator portion 704 arranged on the outer periphery of the second central conductor portion 701, and a second outer conductor portion 702-2-2 arranged on the outer periphery of the second insulator portion 704.

[0162] The distance between the first central conductor portion 701 and the first outer conductor portion 702-1 in a cross-sectional view when the first coaxial cable portion 712 is cut in the longitudinal direction of the first coaxial cable portion 712 is smaller than the distance between the second central conductor portion 701 and the second outer conductor portion 702-2-1 in a cross-sectional view when the second coaxial cable portion 711 is cut in the longitudinal direction of the second coaxial cable portion 711, and is smaller than the distance between the second central conductor portion 701 and the second outer conductor portion 702-2-2 in a cross-sectional view when the second coaxial cable portion 713 is cut in the longitudinal direction of the second coaxial cable portion 713.

[0163] 7, the first outer conductor portion 702-1 is a recess that is recessed inward, toward the first insulator portion 704, relative to the two second outer conductor portions 702-2-1 and 702-2-2. The recess has a trapezoidal shape in a cross section when the first coaxial cable portion 712 is cut in the longitudinal direction of the first coaxial cable portion 712. Note that the recess may also have a rectangular shape in a cross section when the first coaxial cable portion 712 is cut in the longitudinal direction of the first coaxial cable portion 712.

[0164] Due to this difference in distance between the central conductor portion and the outer conductor portion, the characteristic impedance (Ω) of the first coaxial cable portion 712 is a different value from the characteristic impedance (Ω) of the second coaxial cable portion 711 and the characteristic impedance (Ω) of the second coaxial cable portion 713.

[0165] Due to the difference in the characteristic impedance value, the first coaxial cable portion 712 has a resonance function, and the first coaxial cable portion 712 is formed as a resonance portion.

[0166] An example of a method for manufacturing the transmission line 700 is as follows: The dielectric covering the central conductor (sometimes referred to as a core dielectric) is coated using an extruder. Examples of the core dielectric include fluorine-based resins such as PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene) and polyethylene. The transmission line 700 is then crushed to form the dielectric.

[0167] The central conductor 701 may include annealed copper wire, the insulator 704 may include a polymer material such as polyethylene, and the first outer conductor portion 702-1, the second outer conductor portion 702-2-1, and the second outer conductor portion 702-2-2 may include braided copper wire. Each of the central conductor 701 and the first outer conductor portion 702-1, the second outer conductor portion 702-2-1, and the second outer conductor portion 702-2-2 may include at least one material selected from the group consisting of stainless steel, beryllium copper, phosphor bronze, and brass.

[0168] When the central conductor 701 and the first outer conductor portion 702-1, second outer conductor portion 702-2-1, and second outer conductor portion 702-2-2 each contain stainless steel, heat insulation and corrosion resistance are obtained, and when they contain beryllium copper or phosphor bronze, heat insulation is obtained.Furthermore, when the central conductor 701 and the first outer conductor portion 702-1, second outer conductor portion 702-2-1, and second outer conductor portion 702-2-2 each contain phosphor bronze or brass, they become non-magnetic.

[0169] The above description of the seventh embodiment (transmission path example 7) of the present invention can be applied to the first to sixth embodiments of the present invention described above and the eighth to seventeenth embodiments of the present invention described below, unless there is any particular technical contradiction.

[0170] 9. Eighth Embodiment (Eighth Example of Transmission Path) A transmission path according to an eighth embodiment (eighth example of transmission path) of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.

[0171] FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a configuration example 8 of a transmission line according to an eighth embodiment of the present invention, specifically, a configuration example of a transmission line 800. In FIG.

[0172] The transmission line 800 transmits a carrier wave and includes a coaxial cable 830. The coaxial cable 830 may be a superconductor.

[0173] The coaxial cable 830 included in the transmission path 800 includes a first coaxial cable portion 812, and second coaxial cable portions 811 and 813 that are adjacent to and continuously connected to the two ends of the first coaxial cable portion 812 in the direction P in which the carrier wave propagates. In Fig. 8 , the second coaxial cable portion 811 is adjacent to and continuously connected to the left end of the first coaxial cable portion 812, and the second coaxial cable portion 813 is adjacent to and continuously connected to the right end of the first coaxial cable portion 812.

[0174] The first coaxial cable portion 812 has a first central conductor portion 801, a first insulator portion 804 arranged on the outer periphery of the first central conductor portion 801, and a first outer conductor portion 802-1 arranged on the outer periphery of the first insulator portion 804.

[0175] The second coaxial cable portion 811 has a second central conductor portion 801, a second insulator portion 804 arranged on the outer periphery of the second central conductor portion 801, and a second outer conductor portion 802-2-1 arranged on the outer periphery of the second insulator portion 804.

[0176] The second coaxial cable portion 813 has a second central conductor portion 801, a second insulator portion 804 arranged on the outer periphery of the second central conductor portion 801, and a second outer conductor portion 802-2-2 arranged on the outer periphery of the second insulator portion 804.

[0177] The distance between the first central conductor portion 801 and the first outer conductor portion 802-1 in a cross-sectional view when the first coaxial cable portion 812 is cut in the longitudinal direction of the first coaxial cable portion 812 is smaller than the distance between the second central conductor portion 801 and the second outer conductor portion 802-2-1 in a cross-sectional view when the second coaxial cable portion 811 is cut in the longitudinal direction of the second coaxial cable portion 811, and the distance between the second central conductor portion 801 and the second outer conductor portion 802-2-2 in a cross-sectional view when the second coaxial cable portion 813 is cut in the longitudinal direction of the second coaxial cable portion 813.

[0178] 8, the two second outer conductor portions 802-2-1 and 802-2-2 are formed discontinuously, a gap is formed between the two outer conductor portions 802-2-1 and 802-2-2, and the first outer conductor portion 802-1 is provided so as to cover the gap by being laminated on the inner surface, that is, the second insulator portion 804 side, of the ends of each of the two outer conductor portions 802-2-1 and 802-2-2 that are on the gap side in the direction P in which the carrier wave is transmitted. In other words, the first coaxial cable portion 812 and the second coaxial cable portion 811 are formed adjacent to each other continuously, and the region of the first coaxial cable portion 812 and the region of the second coaxial cable portion 811 overlap each other. Furthermore, the first coaxial cable portion 812 and the second coaxial cable portion 813 are formed adjacent to each other in a continuous manner, and the area of ​​the first coaxial cable portion 812 and the area of ​​the second coaxial cable portion 813 overlap each other.

[0179] Due to this difference in distance between the central conductor portion and the outer conductor portion, the characteristic impedance (Ω) of the first coaxial cable portion 812 is different from the characteristic impedance (Ω) of the second coaxial cable portion 811 and the characteristic impedance (Ω) of the second coaxial cable portion 813.

[0180] Due to the difference in the characteristic impedance value, the first coaxial cable portion 812 has a resonance function, and the first coaxial cable portion 812 is formed as a resonance portion.

[0181] An example of a method for manufacturing the transmission line 800 is as follows: - The dielectric covering the central conductor (sometimes called a core inductor) is coated using an extruder. Examples of core inductors include fluorine-based resins such as PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene) and polyethylene. - The central pipe (external conductor) is inserted and shrunk using a die, and then two pipes (two external conductors) are inserted. - The transmission line 800 is then shrunk to complete the manufacturing process.

[0182] The central conductor 801 may include annealed copper wire, the insulator 804 may include a polymer material such as polyethylene, and the first outer conductor portion 802-1, the second outer conductor portion 802-2-1, and the second outer conductor portion 802-2-2 may include braided copper wire. Each of the central conductor 801 and the first outer conductor portion 802-1, the second outer conductor portion 802-2-1, and the second outer conductor portion 802-2-2 may include at least one material selected from the group consisting of stainless steel, beryllium copper, phosphor bronze, and brass.

[0183] When the central conductor 801 and the first outer conductor portion 802-1, second outer conductor portion 802-2-1, and second outer conductor portion 802-2-2 each contain stainless steel, heat insulation and corrosion resistance are obtained, and when they contain beryllium copper or phosphor bronze, heat insulation is obtained.Furthermore, when the central conductor 801 and the first outer conductor portion 802-1, second outer conductor portion 802-2-1, and second outer conductor portion 802-2-2 each contain phosphor bronze or brass, they become non-magnetic.

[0184] The above description of the eighth embodiment (transmission path example 8) of the present invention can be applied to the first to seventh embodiments of the present invention described above and the ninth to seventeenth embodiments of the present invention described below, unless there is any particular technical contradiction.

[0185] 10. Ninth Embodiment (Ninth Example of Transmission Path) A transmission path according to a ninth embodiment (ninth example of transmission path) of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.

[0186] FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a ninth example of the configuration of a transmission line according to the ninth embodiment of the present invention, specifically, a diagram showing a configuration example of a transmission line 900. In FIG.

[0187] The transmission line 900 transmits a carrier wave and includes a coaxial cable 930. The coaxial cable 930 may be a superconductor.

[0188] The coaxial cable 930 included in the transmission path 900 includes a first coaxial cable portion 912 and second coaxial cable portions 911 and 913 that are adjacent to and continuously connected to the two ends of the first coaxial cable portion 912 in the direction P in which the carrier wave propagates. In Fig. 9 , the second coaxial cable portion 911 is adjacent to and continuously connected to the left end of the first coaxial cable portion 912, and the second coaxial cable portion 913 is adjacent to and continuously connected to the right end of the first coaxial cable portion 912.

[0189] The first coaxial cable portion 912 has a first central conductor portion 901, a first insulator portion 904 arranged on the outer periphery of the first central conductor portion 901, a first outer conductor portion 902-1 arranged on the outer periphery of the first insulator portion 904, and an outer conductor 902 arranged on the outer periphery of the first outer conductor portion 902-1. Note that the outer conductor 902 corresponding to the region of the first coaxial cable portion 912 can be considered to be the first outer conductor portion.

[0190] The second coaxial cable portion 911 has a second central conductor portion 901, a second insulator portion 904 disposed on the outer periphery of the second central conductor portion 901, and an outer conductor 902 disposed on the outer periphery of the second insulator portion 904. The outer conductor 902 corresponding to the region of the second coaxial cable portion 911 may be considered to be the second outer conductor portion.

[0191] The second coaxial cable portion 913 has a second central conductor portion 901, a second insulator portion 904 disposed on the outer periphery of the second central conductor portion 901, and an outer conductor 902 disposed on the outer periphery of the second insulator portion 904. The outer conductor 902 corresponding to the region of the second coaxial cable portion 913 may be considered to be the second outer conductor portion.

[0192] The distance between the first central conductor portion 901 and the first outer conductor portion 902-1 in a cross-sectional view when the first coaxial cable portion 912 is cut in the longitudinal direction of the first coaxial cable portion 912 is smaller than the distance between the second central conductor portion 901 and the second outer conductor portion 902 in a cross-sectional view when the second coaxial cable portion 911 is cut in the longitudinal direction of the second coaxial cable portion 911, and is smaller than the distance between the second central conductor portion 901 and the second outer conductor portion 902 in a cross-sectional view when the second coaxial cable portion 913 is cut in the longitudinal direction of the second coaxial cable portion 913.

[0193] 9 , the first coaxial cable portion 912 has two first outer conductor portions 902 and 902-1. Of the two first outer conductor portions 902 and 902-1, the first outer conductor portion 902-1 is arranged on the outer periphery of the first insulator portion 904, and the first outer conductor portion 902 is arranged on the outer periphery of the first outer conductor portion 902-1. The second outer conductor portion constituting the second coaxial cable portion 911, the first outer conductor portion constituting the first coaxial cable portion 912, and the second outer conductor portion constituting the second coaxial cable portion 913 are outer conductors formed continuously (reference numeral 902).

[0194] Due to this difference in distance between the central conductor portion and the outer conductor portion, the characteristic impedance (Ω) of the first coaxial cable portion 912 is a different value from the characteristic impedance (Ω) of the second coaxial cable portion 911 and the characteristic impedance (Ω) of the second coaxial cable portion 913.

[0195] Due to the difference in the characteristic impedance value, the first coaxial cable portion 912 has a resonance function, and the first coaxial cable portion 912 is formed as a resonance portion.

[0196] An example of a method for manufacturing the transmission line 900 is as follows: A dielectric covering the central conductor (sometimes referred to as a core inductor) is coated using an extruder. Examples of core inductors include fluorine-based resins such as PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene) and polyethylene. A central pipe (outer conductor) is inserted and shrunk. A pipe (outer conductor) is then inserted and shrunk to complete the manufacturing process. Alternatively, the central pipe (outer conductor) may be inserted, followed by a longer pipe (outer conductor), and then shrunk all at once to complete the manufacturing process.

[0197] The central conductor 901 may include annealed copper wire, the insulator 904 may include a polymer material such as polyethylene, and the outer conductor 902 and the first outer conductor portion 902-1 may include braided copper wire. Each of the central conductor 901, the outer conductor 902, and the first outer conductor portion 902-1 may include at least one material selected from the group consisting of stainless steel, beryllium copper, phosphor bronze, and brass.

[0198] When the central conductor 901, the outer conductor 902, and the first outer conductor portion 902-1 each contain stainless steel, heat insulation and corrosion resistance are obtained, and when they contain beryllium copper or phosphor bronze, heat insulation is obtained. Furthermore, when the central conductor 901, the outer conductor 902, and the first outer conductor portion 902-1 each contain phosphor bronze or brass, they become non-magnetic.

[0199] The above description of the ninth embodiment (transmission path example 9) of the present invention can be applied to the first to eighth embodiments of the present invention described above and the tenth to seventeenth embodiments of the present invention described below, unless there is any particular technical contradiction.

[0200] 11. Tenth Embodiment (Tenth Example of Transmission Path) A transmission path according to a tenth embodiment (tenth example of transmission path) of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.

[0201] FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a configuration example 10 of a transmission line according to a tenth embodiment of the present invention, specifically, a configuration example of a transmission line 1000.

[0202] The transmission line 1000 transmits a carrier wave and includes a coaxial cable 1030. The coaxial cable 1030 may be a superconductor.

[0203] The coaxial cable 1030 included in the transmission line 1000 includes first coaxial cable portions 1012 , 1014 and 1016 .

[0204] The coaxial cable included in the transmission path 1000 includes second coaxial cable portions 1011 and 1013 that are adjacent to the two ends of the first coaxial cable portion 1012 in the direction P in which the carrier wave propagates. In Fig. 10 , the second coaxial cable portion 1011 is adjacent to the left end of the first coaxial cable portion 1012, and the second coaxial cable portion 1013 is adjacent to the right end of the first coaxial cable portion 1012.

[0205] Furthermore, the coaxial cable included in the transmission path 1000 includes a second coaxial cable portion 1015 that is adjacent to and continues from the end of the first coaxial cable portion 1014 in the direction P in which the carrier wave propagates. In Fig. 10 , the second coaxial cable portion 1015 is adjacent to and continues from the right end of the first coaxial cable portion 1014. Note that the second coaxial cable portion 1013 included in the coaxial cable included in the transmission path 1000 is adjacent to and continues from the left end of the first coaxial cable portion 1014.

[0206] Furthermore, the coaxial cable included in the transmission path 1000 includes a second coaxial cable portion 1017 that is adjacent to and contiguous with the end of the first coaxial cable portion 1016 in the direction P in which the carrier wave propagates. In Fig. 10 , the second coaxial cable portion 1017 is adjacent to and contiguous with the right end of the first coaxial cable portion 1016. Note that the second coaxial cable portion 1015 included in the coaxial cable included in the transmission path 1000 is adjacent to and contiguous with the left end of the first coaxial cable portion 1016.

[0207] The first coaxial cable portion 1012 has a first central conductor portion 1001-1-1, a first insulator portion 1004 arranged on the outer periphery of the first central conductor portion 1001-1-1, and a first outer conductor portion 1002 arranged on the outer periphery of the first insulator portion 1004.

[0208] The first coaxial cable portion 1014 has a first central conductor portion 1001-1-2, a first insulator portion 1004 arranged on the outer periphery of the first central conductor portion 1001-1-2, and a first outer conductor portion 1002 arranged on the outer periphery of the first insulator portion 1004.

[0209] The first coaxial cable portion 1016 has a first central conductor portion 1001-1-3, a first insulator portion 1004 arranged on the outer periphery of the first central conductor portion 1001-1-3, and a first outer conductor portion 1002 arranged on the outer periphery of the first insulator portion 1004.

[0210] The second coaxial cable portion 1011 has a second central conductor portion 1001-2-1, a second insulator portion 1004 arranged on the outer periphery of the second central conductor portion 1001-2-1, and a second outer conductor portion 1002 arranged on the outer periphery of the second insulator portion 1004.

[0211] The second coaxial cable portion 1013 has a second central conductor portion 1001-2-2, a second insulator portion 1004 arranged on the outer periphery of the second central conductor portion 1001-2-2, and a second outer conductor portion 1002 arranged on the outer periphery of the second insulator portion 1004.

[0212] The second coaxial cable portion 1015 has a second central conductor portion 1001-2-3, a second insulator portion 1004 arranged on the outer periphery of the second central conductor portion 1001-2-3, and a second outer conductor portion 1002 arranged on the outer periphery of the second insulator portion 1004.

[0213] The second coaxial cable portion 1017 has a second central conductor portion 1001-2-4, a second insulator portion 1004 arranged on the outer periphery of the second central conductor portion 1001-2-4, and a second outer conductor portion 1002 arranged on the outer periphery of the second insulator portion 1004.

[0214] The distance between the first central conductor portion 1001-1-1 and the first outer conductor portion 1002 in a cross-sectional view when the first coaxial cable portion 1012 is cut in the longitudinal direction of the first coaxial cable portion 1012 is greater than the distance between the second central conductor portion 1001-2-1 and the second outer conductor portion 1002 in a cross-sectional view when the second coaxial cable portion 1011 is cut in the longitudinal direction of the second coaxial cable portion 1011, and the distance between the second central conductor portion 1001-2-2 and the second outer conductor portion 1002 in a cross-sectional view when the second coaxial cable portion 1013 is cut in the longitudinal direction of the second coaxial cable portion 1013.

[0215] The distance between the first central conductor portion 1001-1-2 and the first outer conductor portion 1002 in a cross-sectional view when the first coaxial cable portion 1014 is cut in the longitudinal direction of the first coaxial cable portion 1014 is greater than the distance between the second central conductor portion 1001-2-2 and the second outer conductor portion 1002 in a cross-sectional view when the second coaxial cable portion 1013 is cut in the longitudinal direction of the second coaxial cable portion 1013, and the distance between the second central conductor portion 1001-2-3 and the second outer conductor portion 1002 in a cross-sectional view when the second coaxial cable portion 1015 is cut in the longitudinal direction of the second coaxial cable portion 1015.

[0216] The distance between the first central conductor portion 1001-1-3 and the first outer conductor portion 1002 in a cross-sectional view when the first coaxial cable portion 1016 is cut in the longitudinal direction of the first coaxial cable portion 1016 is greater than the distance between the second central conductor portion 1001-2-3 and the second outer conductor portion 1002 in a cross-sectional view when the second coaxial cable portion 1015 is cut in the longitudinal direction of the second coaxial cable portion 1015, and the distance between the second central conductor portion 1001-2-4 and the second outer conductor portion 1002 in a cross-sectional view when the second coaxial cable portion 1017 is cut in the longitudinal direction of the second coaxial cable portion 1017.

[0217] 10 , the transmission path 1000 includes a plurality of first coaxial cable portions 1012, 1014, and 1016. The first coaxial cable portions 1012, 1014, and 1016 are repeatedly formed via second coaxial cable portions 1013 and 1015. The distance between the first coaxial cable portion 1012 and the first coaxial cable 1014 and the distance between the first coaxial cable portion 1014 and the first coaxial cable 1016 are each M (mm).

[0218] The diameter of the first central conductor portion 1001-1-1 of the first coaxial cable portion 1012, the diameter of the first central conductor portion 1001-1-2 of the first coaxial cable portion 1014, and the diameter of the first central conductor portion 1001-1-3 of the first coaxial cable portion 1016 are smaller than the diameter of the second central conductor portion 1001-2-1 of the second coaxial cable portion 1011, the diameter of the second central conductor portion 1001-2-2 of the second coaxial cable portion 1013, the diameter of the second central conductor portion 1001-2-3 of the second coaxial cable portion 1015, and the diameter of the second central conductor portion 1001-2-4 of the second coaxial cable portion 1017.

[0219] Due to the difference in the distance between this central conductor portion and the outer conductor portion and the difference in the diameter of this central conductor portion, the characteristic impedance (Ω) of the first coaxial cable portion 1012, the characteristic impedance (Ω) of the first coaxial cable portion 1014, and the characteristic impedance (Ω) of the first coaxial cable portion 1014 will be different values ​​from the characteristic impedance (Ω) of the second coaxial cable portion 1011, the characteristic impedance (Ω) of the second coaxial cable portion 1013, the characteristic impedance (Ω) of the second coaxial cable portion 1015, and the characteristic impedance (Ω) of the second coaxial cable portion 1017.

[0220] Due to the difference in the characteristic impedance values, the first coaxial cable portions 1012, 1014, and 1016 have a resonance function, and the first coaxial cable portions 1012, 1014, and 1016 are formed as resonance portions.

[0221] The first central conductor portions 1001-1-1, 1001-1-2, and 1001-1-3, the second central conductor portions 1001-2-1, 1001-2-2, 1001-2-3, and 1001-2-4 may include annealed copper wire, the insulator 1004 may include a polymer material such as polyethylene, and the outer conductor 1002 may include braided copper wire. Each of the first central conductor portions 1001-1-1, 1001-1-2, and 1001-1-3, the second central conductor portions 1001-2-1, 1001-2-2, 1001-2-3, and 1001-2-4, and the outer conductor 1002 may include at least one material selected from the group consisting of stainless steel, beryllium copper, phosphor bronze, and brass.

[0222] When the first central conductor portions 1001-1-1, 1001-1-2, and 1001-1-3, the second central conductor portions 1001-2-1, 1001-2-2, 1001-2-3, and 1001-2-4, and the outer conductor 1002 each contain stainless steel, heat insulation and corrosion resistance are obtained, and when they contain beryllium copper or phosphor bronze, heat insulation is obtained. Furthermore, when the first central conductor portions 1001-1-1, 1001-1-2, and 1001-1-3, the second central conductor portions 1001-2-1, 1001-2-2, 1001-2-3, and 1001-2-4, and the outer conductor 1002 each contain phosphor bronze or brass, the device becomes non-magnetic.

[0223] The contents described above regarding the tenth embodiment (transmission path example 10) of the present invention can be applied to the first to ninth embodiments of the present invention described above and the eleventh to seventeenth embodiments of the present invention described below, unless there is any particular technical contradiction.

[0224] 12. Eleventh Embodiment (Eleventh Transmission Path Example) A transmission path according to an eleventh embodiment (eleventh transmission path example) of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.

[0225] FIG. 11 is a diagram showing an eleventh example of a configuration of a transmission line according to an eleventh embodiment of the present invention, specifically, a diagram showing an example of the configuration of a transmission line 1100. In FIG.

[0226] The transmission line 1100 transmits a carrier wave and includes a coaxial cable 1130. The coaxial cable 1130 may be a superconductor.

[0227] The coaxial cable 1130 included in the transmission line 1100 includes first coaxial cable portions 1112 and 1114 .

[0228] Furthermore, the coaxial cable included in the transmission path 1100 includes second coaxial cable portions 1111 and 1113 that are adjacent to each of the two ends of the first coaxial cable portion 1112 in the direction P in which the carrier wave propagates. In Fig. 11 , the second coaxial cable portion 1111 is adjacent to the left end of the first coaxial cable portion 1112, and the second coaxial cable portion 1113 is adjacent to the right end of the first coaxial cable portion 1112.

[0229] Furthermore, the coaxial cable included in the transmission path 1100 includes a second coaxial cable portion 1115 that is adjacent to and contiguous with the end of the first coaxial cable portion 1114 in the direction P in which the carrier wave is transmitted. In Fig. 11 , the second coaxial cable portion 1115 is adjacent to and contiguous with the right end of the first coaxial cable portion 1114. Note that the second coaxial cable portion 1113 included in the coaxial cable included in the transmission path 1100 is adjacent to and contiguous with the left end of the first coaxial cable portion 1114.

[0230] The first coaxial cable portion 1112 has a first central conductor portion 1101-1-1, a first insulator portion 1104 arranged on the outer periphery of the first central conductor portion 1101-1-1, and a first outer conductor portion 1102 arranged on the outer periphery of the first insulator portion 1104.

[0231] The first coaxial cable portion 1114 has a first central conductor portion 1101-1-2, a first insulator portion 1104 arranged on the outer periphery of the first central conductor portion 1101-1-2, and a first outer conductor portion 1102 arranged on the outer periphery of the first insulator portion 1104.

[0232] The second coaxial cable portion 1111 has a second central conductor portion 1101-2-1, a second insulator portion 1104 arranged on the outer periphery of the second central conductor portion 1101-2-1, and a second outer conductor portion 1102 arranged on the outer periphery of the second insulator portion 1104.

[0233] The second coaxial cable portion 1113 has a second central conductor portion 1101-2-2, a second insulator portion 1104 arranged on the outer periphery of the second central conductor portion 1101-2-2, and a second outer conductor portion 1102 arranged on the outer periphery of the second insulator portion 1104.

[0234] The second coaxial cable portion 1115 has a second central conductor portion 1101-2-3, a second insulator portion 1104 arranged on the outer periphery of the second central conductor portion 1101-2-3, and a second outer conductor portion 1102 arranged on the outer periphery of the second insulator portion 1104.

[0235] The distance between the first central conductor portion 1101-1-1 and the first outer conductor portion 1102 in a cross-sectional view when the first coaxial cable portion 1112 is cut in the longitudinal direction of the first coaxial cable portion 1112 is greater than the distance between the second central conductor portion 1101-2-1 and the second outer conductor portion 1102 in a cross-sectional view when the second coaxial cable portion 1111 is cut in the longitudinal direction of the second coaxial cable portion 1111, and the distance between the second central conductor portion 1101-2-2 and the second outer conductor portion 1102 in a cross-sectional view when the second coaxial cable portion 1113 is cut in the longitudinal direction of the second coaxial cable portion 1113.

[0236] The distance between the first central conductor portion 1101-1-2 and the first outer conductor portion 1102 in a cross-sectional view when the first coaxial cable portion 1114 is cut in the longitudinal direction of the first coaxial cable portion 1114 is greater than the distance between the second central conductor portion 1101-2-2 and the second outer conductor portion 1102 in a cross-sectional view when the second coaxial cable portion 1113 is cut in the longitudinal direction of the second coaxial cable portion 1113, and the distance between the second central conductor portion 1101-2-3 and the second outer conductor portion 1102 in a cross-sectional view when the second coaxial cable portion 1115 is cut in the longitudinal direction of the second coaxial cable portion 1115.

[0237] 11 , the transmission path 1100 includes a plurality of first coaxial cable portions 1101-1-1 and 1101-1-2. The first coaxial cable portion 1112 and the first coaxial cable portion 1114 are repeatedly formed via the second coaxial cable portion 1113. The distance between the first coaxial cable portion 1112 and the first coaxial cable 1114 is L (mm). In the transmission path 1000 described above, the distance between the two first coaxial cables is M (mm), whereas in the transmission path 1100, the distance between the two first coaxial cables is L (mm), and for example, the relational expression 2M = L holds.

[0238] The diameter of the first central conductor portion 1101-1-1 of the first coaxial cable portion 1112 and the diameter of the first central conductor portion 1101-1-2 of the first coaxial cable portion 1114 are smaller than the diameter of the second central conductor portion 1101-2-1 of the second coaxial cable portion 1111, the diameter of the second central conductor portion 1101-2-2 of the second coaxial cable portion 1113, and the diameter of the second central conductor portion 1101-2-3 of the second coaxial cable portion 1115.

[0239] Due to the difference in the distance between this central conductor portion and the outer conductor portion and the difference in the diameter of this central conductor portion, the characteristic impedance (Ω) of the first coaxial cable portion 1112 and the characteristic impedance (Ω) of the first coaxial cable portion 1114 will be different values ​​from the characteristic impedance (Ω) of the second coaxial cable portion 1111, the characteristic impedance (Ω) of the second coaxial cable portion 1113 and the characteristic impedance (Ω) of the second coaxial cable portion 1115.

[0240] Due to the difference in the characteristic impedance values, the first coaxial cable portions 1112 and 1114 have a resonance function, and the first coaxial cable portions 1112 and 1114 are formed as resonance portions.

[0241] The first central conductor portion 1101-1-1, the first central conductor portion 1101-1-2, the second central conductor portion 1101-2-1, the second central conductor portion 1101-2-2, and the second central conductor portion 1101-2-3 may include annealed copper wire, the insulator 1104 may include a polymer material such as polyethylene, and the outer conductor 1102 may include braided copper wire. Each of the first central conductor portion 1101-1-1, the first central conductor portion 1101-1-2, the second central conductor portion 1101-2-1, the second central conductor portion 1101-2-2, and the second central conductor portion 1101-2-3 and the outer conductor 1102 may include at least one material selected from the group consisting of stainless steel, beryllium copper, phosphor bronze, and brass.

[0242] When the first central conductor portion 1101-1-1, the first central conductor portion 1101-1-2, the second central conductor portion 1101-2-1, the second central conductor portion 1101-2-2, and the second central conductor portion 1101-2-3 and the outer conductor 1102 each contain stainless steel, heat insulation properties and corrosion resistance are obtained, and when they contain beryllium copper or phosphor bronze, heat insulation effects are obtained. Furthermore, when the first central conductor portion 1101-1-1, the first central conductor portion 1101-1-2, the second central conductor portion 1101-2-1, the second central conductor portion 1101-2-2, and the second central conductor portion 1101-2-3 and the outer conductor 1102 each contain phosphor bronze or brass, they become non-magnetic.

[0243] The above description of the eleventh embodiment (transmission path example 11) of the present invention can be applied to the first to tenth embodiments of the present invention described above and the twelfth to seventeenth embodiments of the present invention described below, unless there is any particular technical contradiction.

[0244] 13. Twelfth Embodiment (Twelfth Example of Transmission Path) A transmission path according to a twelfth embodiment (twelfth example of transmission path) of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.

[0245] FIG. 12 shows a configuration example 12 of a transmission path of a twelfth embodiment to which the present invention is applied, and is a diagram for explaining a manufacturing method of the configuration example 12 of the transmission path. Specifically, it shows a configuration example of a transmission path 1200, and is a diagram for explaining a manufacturing method of the transmission path 1200.

[0246] The transmission line 1200 transmits a carrier wave and includes a coaxial cable 1230. The coaxial cable 1230 may be a superconductor.

[0247] The coaxial cable 1230 included in the transmission path 1200 includes a first coaxial cable portion 1212 and second coaxial cable portions 1211 and 1213 that are adjacent to each other at two ends of the first coaxial cable portion 1212 in the direction P in which the carrier wave propagates. In Fig. 12 , the second coaxial cable portion 1211 is adjacent to each other at the left end of the first coaxial cable portion 1212, and the second coaxial cable portion 1213 is adjacent to each other at the right end of the first coaxial cable portion 1212.

[0248] The first coaxial cable portion 1212 has a first central conductor portion 1201, a first insulator portion 1204 arranged on the outer periphery of the first central conductor portion 1201, and a first outer conductor portion 1202-1 arranged on the outer periphery of the first insulator portion 1204.

[0249] The second coaxial cable portion 1211 has a second central conductor portion 1201, a second insulator portion 1204 arranged on the outer periphery of the second central conductor portion 1201, and a second outer conductor portion 1202-2-1 arranged on the outer periphery of the second insulator portion 1204.

[0250] The second coaxial cable portion 1213 has a second central conductor portion 1201, a second insulator portion 1204 arranged on the outer periphery of the second central conductor portion 1201, and a second outer conductor portion 1202-2-2 arranged on the outer periphery of the second insulator portion 1204.

[0251] The distance between the first central conductor portion 1201 and the first outer conductor portion 1202-1 in a cross-sectional view when the first coaxial cable portion 1212 is cut in the longitudinal direction of the first coaxial cable portion 1212 is smaller than the distance between the second central conductor portion 1201 and the second outer conductor portion 1202-2-1 in a cross-sectional view when the second coaxial cable portion 1211 is cut in the longitudinal direction of the second coaxial cable portion 1211, and is smaller than the distance between the second central conductor portion 1201 and the second outer conductor portion 1202-2-2 in a cross-sectional view when the second coaxial cable portion 1213 is cut in the longitudinal direction of the second coaxial cable portion 1213.

[0252] 12 , the first outer conductor portion 1202-1 is a recess that is recessed inward, toward the first insulator portion 1204, relative to the two second outer conductor portions 1202-2-1 and 1202-2-2. The recess has a rectangular shape in a cross section when the first coaxial cable portion 1212 is cut in the longitudinal direction of the first coaxial cable portion 1212. Note that the recess may have any shape (for example, a trapezoidal shape) in a cross section when the first coaxial cable portion 1212 is cut in the longitudinal direction of the first coaxial cable portion 1212.

[0253] Due to this difference in distance between the central conductor portion and the outer conductor portion, the characteristic impedance (Ω) of the first coaxial cable portion 1212 is a different value from the characteristic impedance (Ω) of the second coaxial cable portion 1211 and the characteristic impedance (Ω) of the second coaxial cable portion 1213.

[0254] Due to the difference in the characteristic impedance value, the first coaxial cable portion 1212 has a resonance function, and the first coaxial cable portion 1212 is formed as a resonance portion.

[0255] An example of a method for manufacturing the transmission line 1200 is as follows: The dielectric (sometimes referred to as a core inductor) covering the central conductor is coated using an extruder. Examples of the core inductor include fluorine-based resins such as PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene) and polyethylene. To form the first outer conductor portion 1202-1 (i.e., to form a recess in a cross-sectional view when the first coaxial cable portion 1212 is cut in the longitudinal direction of the first coaxial cable portion 1212), a ring 1250 is inserted and passed through a die, and the ring 1250 is pulled out to form the recess.

[0256] The central conductor 1201 may include annealed copper wire, the insulator 1204 may include a polymer material such as polyethylene, and the first outer conductor portion 1202-1, the second outer conductor portion 1202-2-1, and the second outer conductor portion 1202-2-2 may include braided copper wire. Each of the central conductor 1201 and the first outer conductor portion 1202-1, the second outer conductor portion 1202-2-1, and the second outer conductor portion 1202-2-2 may include at least one material selected from the group consisting of stainless steel, beryllium copper, phosphor bronze, and brass.

[0257] When the central conductor 1201 and the first outer conductor portion 1202-1, second outer conductor portion 1202-2-1, and second outer conductor portion 1202-2-2 each contain stainless steel, heat insulation and corrosion resistance are obtained, and when they contain beryllium copper or phosphor bronze, heat insulation is obtained.Furthermore, when the central conductor 1201 and the first outer conductor portion 1202-1, second outer conductor portion 1202-2-1, and second outer conductor portion 1202-2-2 each contain phosphor bronze or brass, they become non-magnetic.

[0258] The above description of the twelfth embodiment (transmission path example 12) of the present invention can be applied to the first to eleventh embodiments of the present invention described above and the thirteenth to seventeenth embodiments of the present invention described below, unless there is any particular technical contradiction.

[0259] 14. Thirteenth Embodiment (Thirteenth Example of Transmission Path) A transmission path according to a thirteenth embodiment (thirteenth example of transmission path) of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.

[0260] FIG. 13 is a diagram showing a configuration example 13 of a transmission line according to a thirteenth embodiment of the present invention, specifically, a configuration example of a transmission line 1300. In FIG.

[0261] The transmission line 1300 transmits a carrier wave in a direction indicated by reference symbol P and includes a coaxial cable 1330. The coaxial cable 1330 may be a superconductor.

[0262] The coaxial cable 1330 has central conductors 1301-1, 1301-2-1, and 1301-2-2, an insulator 1304 disposed around the central conductors 1301-1, 1301-2-1, and 1301-2-2, and an outer conductor 1302 disposed around the insulator 1304.

[0263] 13, the transmission line 1300 is divided into a central conductor 1301-2-1 and a central conductor 1301-1 to form a dividing portion B13-1, and into a central conductor 1301-1 and a central conductor 1301-2-2 to form a dividing portion B13-2. Therefore, the central conductor of the transmission line 1300 is discontinuous in the longitudinal direction of the central conductor (the transmission direction P of the carrier wave).

[0264] In transmission path 1300, the coaxial cable portion corresponding to the portion between dividing portion B13-1 and dividing portion B13-2 (the coaxial cable portion indicated by reference symbol 1312) has a resonance function (resonance portion), while the coaxial cable portions other than the coaxial cable corresponding to the portion between dividing portion B13-1 and dividing portion B13-2 (i.e., the coaxial cable portion indicated by reference symbol 1311 and the coaxial cable portion indicated by reference symbol 1313) do not have a resonance function (non-resonance portion). Note that the region of transmission path 1300 corresponding to dividing portion B13-1 and / or the region of transmission path 1300 corresponding to dividing portion B13-2 may have a resonance function.

[0265] The central conductors 1301-1, 1301-2-1, and 1301-2-2 may comprise annealed copper wire, the insulator 1304 may comprise a polymer material such as polyethylene, and the outer conductor 1302 may comprise braided copper wire. Each of the central conductors 1301-1, 1301-2-1, and 1301-2-2 and the outer conductor 1302 may comprise at least one material selected from the group consisting of stainless steel, beryllium copper, phosphor bronze, and brass.

[0266] When the central conductors 1301-1, 1301-2-1, and 1301-2-2 and the outer conductor 1302 contain stainless steel, thermal insulation and corrosion resistance are obtained, and when they contain beryllium copper or phosphor bronze, thermal insulation is obtained. Furthermore, when the central conductors 1301-1, 1301-2-1, and 1301-2-2 and the outer conductor 1302 contain phosphor bronze or brass, they become non-magnetic.

[0267] The above description of the thirteenth embodiment (transmission path example thirteen) of the present invention can be applied to the first to twelfth embodiments of the present invention described above and the fourteenth to seventeenth embodiments of the present invention described below, unless there is any particular technical contradiction.

[0268] 15. Fourteenth Embodiment (Fourteenth Example of Transmission Path) A transmission path according to a fourteenth embodiment (fourteenth example of transmission path) of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.

[0269] FIG. 14 is a diagram showing a configuration example 14 of a transmission line according to a fourteenth embodiment of the present invention, specifically, a configuration example of a transmission line 1400. In FIG.

[0270] The transmission line 1400 transmits a carrier wave in a direction indicated by reference symbol P and includes a coaxial cable 1430. The coaxial cable 1430 may be a superconductor.

[0271] The coaxial cable 1430 has central conductors 1401-1-1, 1401-1-2, 1401-2-1 and 1401-2-2, an insulator 1404 arranged around the central conductors 1401-1-1, 1401-1-2, 1401-2-1 and 1401-2-2, and an outer conductor 1402 arranged around the insulator 1404.

[0272] 14, in the transmission line 1400, the transmission line 1400 is divided into a central conductor 1401-2-1 and a central conductor 1401-1-1 to form a dividing portion B14-1, into a central conductor 1401-1-1 and a central conductor 1401-1-2 to form a dividing portion B14-2, and into a central conductor 1401-1-2 and a central conductor 1401-2-2 to form a dividing portion B14-3. Therefore, the central conductor of the transmission line 1400 is formed discontinuously in the longitudinal direction of the central conductor (the transmission direction P of the carrier wave).

[0273] In transmission path 1400, the coaxial cable (coaxial cable (which may also be referred to as a coaxial cable portion) indicated by reference symbol 1412) corresponding to the portion between division portion B14-1 and division portion B14-2 has a resonance function (resonance portion), and the coaxial cable (coaxial cable (which may also be referred to as a coaxial cable portion) indicated by reference symbol 1413) corresponding to the portion between division portion B14-1 and division portion B14-2 has a resonance function (resonance portion). Coaxial cables other than the coaxial cable corresponding to the portion between division portion B14-1 and division portion B14-2 and the coaxial cable corresponding to the portion between division portion B14-2 and division portion B14-3, i.e., the coaxial cable (which may also be referred to as a coaxial cable portion) indicated by reference symbol 1411 and the coaxial cable (which may also be referred to as a coaxial cable portion) indicated by reference symbol 1414 do not have a resonance function (non-resonance portion). The region of the transmission line 1400 corresponding to the dividing portion B14-1, the region of the transmission line 1400 corresponding to the dividing portion B14-2, and / or the region of the transmission line 1400 corresponding to the dividing portion B14-3 may have a resonance function.

[0274] The central conductors 1401-1-1, 1401-1-2, 1401-2-1, and 1401-2-2 may comprise annealed copper wire, the insulator 1404 may comprise a polymer material such as polyethylene, and the outer conductor 1402 may comprise braided copper wire. Each of the central conductors 1401-1-1, 1401-1-2, 1401-2-1, and 1401-2-2 and the outer conductor 1402 may comprise at least one material selected from the group consisting of stainless steel, beryllium copper, phosphor bronze, and brass.

[0275] When the central conductors 1401-1-1, 1401-1-2, 1401-2-1, and 1401-2-2 and the outer conductor 1402 contain stainless steel, heat insulation and corrosion resistance are obtained, and when they contain beryllium copper or phosphor bronze, heat insulation is obtained.Furthermore, when the central conductors 1401-1-1, 1401-1-2, 1401-2-1, and 1401-2-2 and the outer conductor 1402 contain phosphor bronze or brass, they become non-magnetic.

[0276] The above description of the 14th embodiment (transmission path example 14) of the present invention can be applied to the first to thirteenth embodiments of the present invention described above and the fifteenth to seventeenth embodiments of the present invention described below, unless there is any particular technical contradiction.

[0277] 16. Fifteenth Embodiment (Example 15 of Transmission Path) A transmission path according to a fifteenth embodiment (example 15 of transmission path) of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.

[0278] FIG. 15 is a diagram for explaining a manufacturing method of a configuration example 15 of a transmission line according to a fifteenth embodiment to which the present invention is applied, and specifically, a diagram for explaining a manufacturing method of a transmission line 1500.

[0279] The transmission line 1500 transmits a carrier wave in the direction indicated by the reference symbol P and includes a coaxial cable 1530. The coaxial cable 1530 may be a superconductor.

[0280] The coaxial cable 1530 has central conductors 1501-1-1, 1501-1-2, 1501-1-3, 1501-2-1 and 1501-2-2, an insulator 1504 arranged around the central conductors 1501-1-1, 1501-1-2, 1501-1-3, 1501-2-1 and 1501-2-2, and an outer conductor 1502 arranged around the insulator 1504.

[0281] 15 , a rotary tooth 1550 composed of a rotary shaft 1551 and a rotor 1552 is rotated in the Q′ direction (or the Q direction perpendicular to the Q′ direction) around the rotary shaft 1551 to cut the central conductor of the transmission line 1500 (coaxial cable 1530) from the outside (the outer conductor side) of the coaxial cable 1530 (cutting directions S0, S1, S2, and S3). Note that, by cutting the central conductor, a divided portion (cut portion) is formed in at least a part of the outer conductor, as will be described later, but the outer conductor may also be cut together with the central conductor.

[0282] Then, the central conductor 1501-2-1 and the central conductor 1501-1-1 are separated to form a separated portion B15-1, the central conductor 1501-1-1 and the central conductor 1501-1-2 are separated to form a separated portion B15-2, the central conductor 1501-1-2 and the central conductor 1501-1-3 are separated to form a separated portion B15-3, and the central conductor 1501-1-3 and the central conductor 1501-2-2 are separated to form a separated portion B15-4. Therefore, the central conductor of the transmission line 1500 is formed discontinuously in the longitudinal direction of the central conductor (the transmission direction P of the carrier wave).

[0283] Furthermore, the outer conductor 1502-1 and the outer conductor 1502-2 are separated to form a separation portion B150-1, the outer conductor 1502-2 and the outer conductor 1502-3 are separated to form a separation portion B150-2, the outer conductor 1502-3 and the outer conductor 1502-4 are separated to form a separation portion B150-3, and the outer conductor 1502-4 and the outer conductor 1502-5 are separated to form a separation portion B150-4. Therefore, a part of the outer conductor of the transmission line 1500 (the cut portion where the outer conductor is cut, the upper side in FIG. 15 ) is discontinuous in the longitudinal direction of the outer conductor (the transmission direction P of the carrier wave). Note that a part of the outer conductor (the non-cut portion where the outer conductor is not cut, the lower side in FIG. 15 ) is continuous in the longitudinal direction of the outer conductor (the transmission direction P of the carrier wave).

[0284] In transmission path 1500, the coaxial cable (coaxial cable (may also be called a coaxial cable portion) indicated by reference symbol 1512) corresponding to the portion between divided portion B15-1 and divided portion B15-2 has a resonance function (resonance portion), the coaxial cable (coaxial cable (may also be called a coaxial cable portion) indicated by reference symbol 1513) corresponding to the portion between divided portion B15-2 and divided portion B15-3 has a resonance function (resonance portion), and further, the coaxial cable (coaxial cable (may also be called a coaxial cable portion) indicated by reference symbol 1514) corresponding to the portion between divided portion B15-3 and divided portion B15-4 has a resonance function (resonance portion). These three resonance portions are formed continuously. Coaxial cables other than the coaxial cable corresponding to the portion between dividing portion B15-1 and dividing portion B15-2 and the coaxial cable corresponding to the portion between dividing portion B15-2 and dividing portion B15-3, i.e., the coaxial cable indicated by reference symbol 1511 (which may also be referred to as a coaxial cable portion) and the coaxial cable indicated by reference symbol 1514 (which may also be referred to as a coaxial cable portion), do not have a resonance function (non-resonance portion). Note that the region of transmission path 1500 corresponding to dividing portion B15-1, the region of transmission path 1500 corresponding to dividing portion B15-2, the region of transmission path 1500 corresponding to dividing portion B15-3, and / or the region of transmission path 1500 corresponding to dividing portion B15-4 may have a resonance function.

[0285] The central conductors 1501-1-1, 1501-1-2, 1501-1-3, 1501-2-1, and 1501-2-2 may comprise annealed copper wire, the insulator 1504 may comprise a polymer material such as polyethylene, and the outer conductors 1502, 1502-1, 1502-2, 1502-3, and 1502-4 may comprise braided copper wire. Each of the central conductors 1501-1-1, 1501-1-2, 1501-1-3, 1501-2-1, and 1501-2-2 and the outer conductors 1502, 1502-1, 1502-2, 1502-3, and 1502-4 may comprise at least one material selected from the group consisting of stainless steel, beryllium copper, phosphor bronze, and brass.

[0286] When the central conductors 1501-1-1, 1501-1-2, 1501-1-3, 1501-2-1, and 1501-2-2 and the outer conductors 1502, 1502-1, 1502-2, 1502-3, and 1502-4 contain stainless steel, thermal insulation and corrosion resistance are achieved, and when they contain beryllium copper or phosphor bronze, thermal insulation is achieved.Furthermore, when the central conductors 1501-1-1, 1501-1-2, 1501-1-3, 1501-2-1, and 1501-2-2 and the outer conductors 1502, 1502-1, 1502-2, 1502-3, and 1502-4 contain phosphor bronze or brass, they become non-magnetic.

[0287] The above description of the fifteenth embodiment (transmission path example 15) according to the present invention can be applied to the first to fourteenth embodiments according to the present invention described above and the sixteenth and seventeenth embodiments according to the present invention described below, unless there is any particular technical contradiction.

[0288] 17. Sixteenth Embodiment (Sixteenth Example of Transmission Path) A transmission path according to a sixteenth embodiment (sixteenth example of transmission path) of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.

[0289] FIG. 16 is a diagram showing a configuration example 16 of a transmission line according to a sixteenth embodiment of the present invention, specifically, a configuration example of a transmission line 1600. In FIG.

[0290] The transmission line 1600 transmits a carrier wave in the direction indicated by the reference symbol P and includes a coaxial cable 1630. The coaxial cable 1630 may be a superconductor.

[0291] The coaxial cable 1630 has center conductors 1601-1-1, 1601-1-2, 1601-1-3, 1601-2-1, and 1601-2-2, an insulator 1604 arranged around the center conductors 1601-1-1, 1601-1-2, 1601-1-3, 1601-2-1, and 1601-2-2, a first outer conductor 1602 arranged around the insulator 1604, and second outer conductors 1602-2-1, 1602-2-2, 1602-2-3, and 1602-2-4 arranged around the first outer conductor.

[0292] 16, the central conductor 1601-2-1 and the central conductor 1601-1-1 are separated to form a separated portion B16-1, the central conductor 1601-1-1 and the central conductor 1601-1-2 are separated to form a separated portion B16-2, the central conductor 1601-1-2 and the central conductor 1601-1-3 are separated to form a separated portion B16-3, and the central conductor 1601-1-3 and the central conductor 1601-2-2 are separated to form a separated portion B16-4. Therefore, the central conductor of the transmission line 1600 is discontinuous in the longitudinal direction of the central conductor (the transmission direction P of the carrier wave).

[0293] Furthermore, the first outer conductor 1602-1-1 and the first outer conductor 1602-1-2 are separated to form a separation section B160-1, the first outer conductor 1602-1-2 and the first outer conductor 1602-1-3 are separated to form a separation section B160-2, the first outer conductor 1602-1-3 and the first outer conductor 1602-1-4 are separated to form a separation section B160-3, and the first outer conductor 1602-1-4 and the first outer conductor 1602-1-5 are separated to form a separation section B160-4. That is, a divided portion B16-1 is formed by dividing the central conductor 1601-2-1 and the central conductor 1601-1-1, and a divided portion B160-1 is formed by dividing a portion of the first outer conductor 1602-1-1 and the first outer conductor 1602-1-2 in the circumferential direction, which face each other in the radial direction of the coaxial cable 1630; a divided portion B16-2 is formed by dividing the central conductor 1601-1-1 and the central conductor 1601-1-2, and a divided portion B160-2 is formed by dividing a portion of the first outer conductor 1602-1-2 and the first outer conductor 1602-1-3 in the circumferential direction, which face each other in the radial direction of the coaxial cable 1630. A divided portion B16-3 is formed by dividing the central conductors 1601-1-2 and 1601-1-3, and a divided portion B160-3 is formed by dividing a portion of the first outer conductors 1602-1-3 and 1602-1-4 in the circumferential direction, which face each other in the radial direction of the coaxial cable 1630. A divided portion B16-4 is formed by dividing the central conductors 1701-1-3 and 1601-2-2, and a divided portion B160-4 is formed by dividing a portion of the first outer conductors 1602-1-4 and 1602-1-5 in the circumferential direction, which face each other in the radial direction of the coaxial cable 1630. Therefore, a portion (the upper side in FIG. 16 ) of the outer conductor of the transmission line 1600 is discontinuous in the longitudinal direction of the outer conductor (the transmission direction P of the carrier wave). A part of the outer conductor (the lower side in FIG. 16) is formed continuously in the longitudinal direction of the outer conductor (the transmission direction P of the carrier wave).

[0294] As shown in Figure 16, a second outer conductor 1602-2-1 is arranged to cover the dividing portion 160-1, a second outer conductor 1602-2-2 is arranged to cover the dividing portion 160-2, a second outer conductor 1602-2-3 is arranged to cover the dividing portion 160-3, and a second outer conductor 1602-2-4 is arranged to cover the dividing portion 160-4.

[0295] In transmission path 1600, the coaxial cable (coaxial cable (may also be called a coaxial cable portion) indicated by reference symbol 1612) corresponding to the portion between divided portion B16-1 and divided portion B16-2 has a resonance function (resonating portion), the coaxial cable (coaxial cable (may also be called a coaxial cable portion) indicated by reference symbol 1613) corresponding to the portion between divided portion B16-2 and divided portion B16-3 has a resonance function (resonating portion), and further, the coaxial cable (coaxial cable (may also be called a coaxial cable portion) indicated by reference symbol 1614) corresponding to the portion between divided portion B16-3 and divided portion B16-4 has a resonance function (resonating portion). These three resonance portions are formed continuously. Coaxial cables other than the coaxial cable corresponding to the section between dividing portion B16-1 and dividing portion B16-2, the coaxial cable corresponding to the section between dividing portion B16-2 and dividing portion B16-3, and the coaxial cable corresponding to the section between dividing portion B16-3 and dividing portion B16-4, i.e., the coaxial cable indicated by reference numeral 1611 (which may also be referred to as a coaxial cable portion) and the coaxial cable indicated by reference numeral 1615 (which may also be referred to as a coaxial cable portion), do not have a resonance function (non-resonance portion). Note that the region of transmission path 1600 corresponding to dividing portion B16-1, the region of transmission path 1600 corresponding to dividing portion B16-2, the region of transmission path 1600 corresponding to dividing portion B16-3, and / or the region of transmission path 1600 corresponding to dividing portion B16-4 may have a resonance function.

[0296] Center conductors 1601-1-1, 1601-1-2, 1601-1-3, 1601-2-1 and 1601-2-2 may comprise annealed copper wire, insulator 1604 may comprise a polymer material such as polyethylene, and outer conductors 1602, 1602-1-1, 1602-1-2, 1602-1-3, 1602-1-4, 1602-1-5, 1602-2-1, 1602-2-2, 1602-2-3 and 1602-2-4 may comprise braided copper wire. Each of the central conductors 1601-1-1, 1601-1-2, 1601-1-3, 1601-2-1, and 1601-2-2 and the outer conductors 1602, 1602-1-1, 1602-1-2, 1602-1-3, 1602-1-4, 1602-1-5, 1602-2-1, 1602-2-2, 1602-2-3, and 1602-2-4 may contain at least one material selected from the group consisting of stainless steel, beryllium copper, phosphor bronze, and brass.

[0297] When the central conductors 1601-1-1, 1601-1-2, 1601-1-3, 1601-2-1 and 1601-2-2 and the outer conductors 1602, 1602-1-1, 1602-1-2, 1602-1-3, 1602-1-4, 1602-1-5, 1602-2-1, 1602-2-2, 1602-2-3 and 1602-2-4 each contain stainless steel, heat insulation and corrosion resistance are obtained, and when they contain beryllium copper or phosphor bronze, heat insulation effects are obtained. Furthermore, if each of the central conductors 1601-1-1, 1601-1-2, 1601-1-3, 1601-2-1 and 1601-2-2 and the outer conductors 1602, 1602-1-1, 1602-1-2, 1602-1-3, 1602-1-4, 1602-1-5, 1602-2-1, 1602-2-2, 1602-2-3 and 1602-2-4 contains phosphor bronze or brass, it becomes non-magnetic.

[0298] The above description of the sixteenth embodiment (transmission path example 16) according to the present invention can be applied to the first to fifteenth embodiments according to the present invention described above and the seventeenth embodiment according to the present invention described below, unless there is any particular technical contradiction. 18. Seventeenth embodiment (transmission path example 17) A transmission path according to the seventeenth embodiment (transmission path example 17) according to the present invention will be described using FIG. 17 .

[0299] FIG. 17 is a diagram showing a configuration example 17 of a transmission line according to a seventeenth embodiment of the present invention, specifically, a configuration example of a transmission line 1700. In FIG.

[0300] The transmission line 1700 transmits a carrier wave in a direction indicated by reference symbol P and includes a coaxial cable 1730. The coaxial cable 1730 may be a superconductor.

[0301] The coaxial cable 1730 includes central conductors 1701-1-1, 1701-1-2, 1701-2-1, and 1701-2-2, an insulator 1704 disposed around the central conductors 1701-1-1, 1701-1-2, 1701-2-1, and 1701-2-2, first outer conductors 1702-1-1, 1702-1-2, 1702-1-3, and 1702-1-4 disposed around the insulator 1704, and first outer conductors 1702-1-1, 1702-1-2, 1702-1-3, and 1702-1-4 disposed around the first outer conductors 1702-1-1 and 1702-1-2. It has a second outer conductor 1702-2-1 (which may also be referred to as a conductive pipe 1702-2-1) arranged on the outer periphery, a second outer conductor 1702-2-2 (which may also be referred to as a conductive pipe 1702-2-2) arranged on the outer periphery of the first outer conductors 1702-1-2 and 1702-1-3, and a second outer conductor 1702-2-3 (which may also be referred to as a conductive pipe 1702-2-3) arranged on the outer periphery of the first outer conductors 1702-1-3 and 1702-1-4.

[0302] 17, the central conductor 1701-2-1 and the central conductor 1701-1-1 are separated to form a separated portion B17-1, the central conductor 1701-1-1 and the central conductor 1701-1-2 are separated to form a separated portion B17-2, and the central conductor 1701-1-2 and the central conductor 1701-2-2 are separated to form a separated portion B17-3. Therefore, the central conductor of the transmission line 1700 (coaxial cable 1730) is discontinuous in the longitudinal direction of the central conductor (transmission direction P of the carrier wave).

[0303] Furthermore, the first outer conductor 1702-1-1 and the first outer conductor 1702-1-2 are separated to form a separation portion B170-1, the first outer conductor 1702-1-2 and the first outer conductor 1702-1-3 are separated to form a separation portion B170-2, and the first outer conductor 1702-1-3 and the first outer conductor 1702-1-4 are separated to form a separation portion B170-3. That is, a divided portion B17-1 is formed by dividing the central conductor 1701-2-1 and the central conductor 1701-1-1, and a divided portion B170-1 is formed by dividing the first outer conductor 1702-1-1 and the first outer conductor 1702-1-2 in the entire circumferential direction, which corresponds to the radial direction of the coaxial cable 1730, and a divided portion B17-2 is formed by dividing the central conductor 1701-1-1 and the central conductor 1701-1-2, and a divided portion B170-2 is formed by dividing the first outer conductor 1702-1-1 and the first outer conductor 1702-1-2 in the radial direction of the coaxial cable 1730. A divided portion B170-2 is formed by dividing the first outer conductor 1702-1-2 and the first outer conductor 1702-1-3 over the entire circumferential direction, and a divided portion B17-3 is formed by dividing the center conductor 1701-1-2 and the center conductor 1701-2-2 over the entire circumferential direction, and a divided portion B170-3 is formed by dividing the first outer conductor 1702-1-3 and the first outer conductor 1702-1-4 over the entire circumferential direction, which corresponds to the radial direction of the coaxial cable 1730. Therefore, the entire outer conductor (upper and lower sides in FIG. 17 ) of the transmission line 1700 is discontinuous in the longitudinal direction of the outer conductor (transmission direction P of the carrier wave).

[0304] As shown in FIG. 17, a second outer conductor 1702-2-1 is arranged to cover the dividing portion 170-1, a second outer conductor 1702-2-2 is arranged to cover the dividing portion 170-2, and a second outer conductor 1702-2-3 is arranged to cover the dividing portion 170-3.

[0305] In the transmission path 1700, the coaxial cable (coaxial cable (which may also be referred to as a coaxial cable portion) indicated by reference symbol 1712) corresponding to the portion between the divided portion B17-1 and the divided portion B17-2 has a resonance function (resonance portion), and the coaxial cable (coaxial cable (which may also be referred to as a coaxial cable portion) indicated by reference symbol 1713) corresponding to the portion between the divided portion B17-2 and the divided portion B17-3 has a resonance function (resonance portion). These two resonance portions are formed continuously. The coaxial cables other than the coaxial cable corresponding to the portion between the divided portion B17-1 and the divided portion B17-2 and the coaxial cable corresponding to the portion between the divided portion B17-2 and the divided portion B17-3, i.e., the coaxial cable (which may also be referred to as a coaxial cable portion) indicated by reference symbol 1711 and the coaxial cable (which may also be referred to as a coaxial cable portion) indicated by reference symbol 1714, do not have a resonance function (non-resonance portion). The region of the transmission path 1700 corresponding to the dividing portion B17-1, the region of the transmission path 1700 corresponding to the dividing portion 17-2, and / or the region of the transmission path 1700 corresponding to the dividing portion 17-3 may have a resonance function.

[0306] Each of the center conductors 1701-1-1, 1701-1-2, 1701-2-1, and 1701-2-2 may comprise annealed copper wire, the insulator 1704 may comprise a polymer material such as polyethylene, and each of the first outer conductors 1702-1-1, 1702-1-2, 1702-1-3, and 1702-1-4 and the second outer conductors 1702-2-1, 1702-2-2, and 1702-2-3 may comprise braided copper wire. Each of the central conductors 1701-1-1, 1701-1-2, 1701-2-1 and 1701-2-2, the first outer conductors 1702-1-1, 1702-1-2, 1702-1-3 and 1702-1-4, and the second outer conductors 1702-2-1, 1702-2-2 and 1702-2-3 may contain at least one material selected from the group consisting of stainless steel, beryllium copper, phosphor bronze and brass.

[0307] When the central conductors 1701-1-1, 1701-1-2, 1701-2-1 and 1701-2-2, the first outer conductors 1702-1-1, 1702-1-2, 1702-1-3 and 1702-1-4, and the second outer conductors 1702-2-1, 1702-2-2 and 1702-2-3 each contain stainless steel, heat insulation and corrosion resistance are obtained, and when they contain beryllium copper or phosphor bronze, heat insulation effects are obtained. Furthermore, if each of the central conductors 1701-1-1, 1701-1-2, 1701-2-1 and 1701-2-2, the first outer conductors 1702-1-1, 1702-1-2, 1702-1-3 and 1702-1-4, and the second outer conductors 1702-2-1, 1702-2-2 and 1702-2-3 contains phosphor bronze or brass, they are non-magnetic.

[0308] 17, the length m1 between one end of central conductor 1701-1-1 on the side of divided portion B170-1 (the left end of central conductor 1701-1-1 in FIG. 17) and one end of divided portion B170-1 on the side of central conductor 1701-1-1 (the right end of divided portion 170-1 in FIG. 17), the length m2 between one end of central conductor 1701-1-1 on the side of divided portion B170-2 (the right end of central conductor 1701-1-1 in FIG. 17) and one end of divided portion B170-2 on the side of central conductor 1701-1-1 (the left end of divided portion 170-1 in FIG. 17), The length m3 between one end of conductor 1701-1-2 on the side of decoupling portion B170-2 (the left end of center conductor 1701-1-2 in FIG. 17 ) and one end of decoupling portion B170-2 on the side of center conductor 1701-1-2 (the right end of decoupling portion 170-2 in FIG. 17 ) and the length m4 between one end of center conductor 1701-1-2 on the side of decoupling portion B170-3 (the right end of center conductor 1701-1-2 in FIG. 17 ) and one end of decoupling portion B170-3 on the side of center conductor 1701-1-2 (the left end of decoupling portion 170-3 in FIG. 17 ) may be approximately the same length. For example, each of the lengths m1, m2, m3, and m4 is 0.8 mm.

[0309] When the transmission line 1700 is manufactured, the second outer conductors 1702-1, 1702-2-2, and 1702-2-3 are joined to the first outer conductors 1702-1-1, 1702-1-2, 1702-1-3, and 1702-1-4, respectively, while forming the dividing portions 170-1, 170-2, and 170-3, so that the multiple coaxial cables are integrated in the longitudinal direction (transmission direction P of the carrier wave). When a plurality of coaxial cables are joined together, the center conductor 1701-1-1 is cut off by a length m1 starting from the position of the center conductor 1701-1-1 corresponding to the right end of the divided portion B170-1 (the position of the center conductor 1701-1-1 toward the left end), and the center conductor 1701-1-1 is cut off by a length m1 starting from the position of the center conductor 1701-1-1 corresponding to the left end of the divided portion B170-2 (the position of the center conductor 1701-1-1 toward the right end). The center conductor 1701-1-2 is removed by a length of m3 starting from the position of the center conductor 1701-1-2 corresponding to the right end of the dividing portion B170-2 (the position toward the left end of the center conductor 1701-1-2), and the center conductor 1701-1-2 is removed by a length of m4 starting from the position of the center conductor 1701-1-2 corresponding to the left end of the dividing portion B170-3 (the position toward the right end of the center conductor 1701-1-2).

[0310] As a result, the length l of the central conductor 1701-1-1 １ and the length l of the central conductor 1701-1-2. ２ are approximately the same length.

[0311] The above description of the seventeenth embodiment (transmission path example 17) of the present invention can be applied to the first to sixteenth embodiments of the present invention described above, unless there is any particular technical contradiction.

[0312] The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various modifications are possible without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

[0313] The present invention can be configured as follows. [1] A transmission line for transmitting a carrier wave, wherein a characteristic impedance of a portion of the transmission line, a characteristic impedance of a front portion of the transmission line located in front of the portion of the transmission line in the direction of transmission of the carrier wave, and a characteristic impedance of a rear portion of the transmission line located behind the portion of the transmission line in the direction of transmission of the carrier wave are different values. [2] The transmission line according to [1], having a first connector and a second connector, wherein the portion of the transmission line and the front portion of the transmission line are electrically connected via the first connector, and the portion of the transmission line and the rear portion of the transmission line are electrically connected via the second connector. [3] The transmission line according to [1] or [2], wherein the portion of the transmission line has a resonance function. [4] The transmission line according to any one of [1] to [3], wherein the front portion of the transmission line, the portion of the transmission line, and the rear portion of the transmission line are each a superconductor. [5] The transmission line according to any one of [1] to [4], wherein the front portion of the transmission line, the portion of the transmission line, and the rear portion of the transmission line are each a coaxial cable. [6] The transmission line according to any one of [1] to [5], wherein a front portion of the transmission line, a part of the transmission line, and a rear portion of the transmission line are arranged consecutively in this order.

[0314] [7] A transmission line for transmitting a carrier wave and comprising a coaxial cable, the coaxial cable including a first coaxial cable portion and two second coaxial cable portions adjacent to two ends of the first coaxial cable portion in a direction in which the carrier wave is transmitted, the first coaxial cable portion having a first central conductor portion, a first insulator portion disposed on the outer periphery of the first central conductor portion, and a first outer conductor portion disposed on the outer periphery of the first insulator portion, the second coaxial cable portion having a second central conductor portion, a second insulator portion disposed on the outer periphery of the second central conductor portion, and a second outer conductor portion disposed on the outer periphery of the second insulator portion,

[0016] A transmission line in which a distance between the first central conductor and the first outer conductor in a cross section when the first coaxial cable portion is cut in the longitudinal direction of the first coaxial cable portion is different from a distance between the second central conductor and the second outer conductor in a cross section when the second coaxial cable portion is cut in the longitudinal direction of the second coaxial cable portion. [8] The transmission line according to [7], in which a distance between the first central conductor and the first outer conductor in a cross section when the first coaxial cable portion is cut in the longitudinal direction of the first coaxial cable portion is greater than a distance between the second central conductor and the second outer conductor in a cross section when the second coaxial cable portion is cut in the longitudinal direction of the second coaxial cable portion. [9] The transmission line according to [8], in which the first outer conductor is a convex portion that protrudes outward in a direction opposite to the first insulator portion side with respect to two of the second outer conductors adjacent to each of two ends of the first outer conductor in the transmission direction of the carrier wave.

[10] The transmission line according to [8], wherein two of the second outer conductor portions of each of the two second coaxial cable portions are formed discontinuously, a gap is formed between the two outer conductor portions, and the first outer conductor portion is laminated on an outer surface opposite to the second insulator portion side, of an end portion of each of the two second outer conductor portions that is on the gap side in the transmission direction of the carrier wave, so as to cover the gap.

[11] The transmission line according to [7], wherein the distance between the first central conductor and the second outer conductor in a cross section when the first coaxial cable portion is cut in the longitudinal direction of the first coaxial cable portion is smaller than the distance between the second central conductor and the second outer conductor in a cross section when the second coaxial cable portion is cut in the longitudinal direction of the second coaxial cable portion.

[12] The transmission line according to

[11] , wherein the first outer conductor is a recess that is recessed inward, that is, toward the first insulator portion, with respect to two of the second outer conductors adjacent to each of the two ends of the first outer conductor in the direction of transmission of the carrier wave.

[13] The transmission line according to

[11] , wherein two of the second outer conductors of each of the two second coaxial cable portions are formed discontinuously to form a gap between the two outer conductors, and the first outer conductor is provided by being layered on an inner surface, that is, toward the second insulator portion, of each end of the two outer conductors on the gap side in the direction of transmission of the carrier wave, so as to cover the gap.

[14] The transmission line according to

[11] , wherein the first coaxial cable portion has two of the first outer conductor portions, wherein one of the two first outer conductor portions is arranged on the outer periphery of the first insulator portion, and the other of the first outer conductor portions is arranged on the outer periphery of the one first outer conductor portion, and wherein, of the two second outer conductor portions included in each of the two second coaxial cable portions, one of the second outer conductor portions and the other first outer conductor portion are formed continuously, and the other of the second outer conductor portions and the other first outer conductor portion are formed continuously.

[15] The transmission line according to any one of [7] to

[14] , wherein the coaxial cable includes a plurality of the first coaxial cable portions.

[16] The transmission line according to any one of [7] to

[14] , wherein the first coaxial cable portion is repeatedly formed via the second coaxial cable portion.

[17] The transmission line according to any one of [7] to

[16] , wherein the first coaxial cable portion has a resonance function.

[18] The transmission line according to any one of [7] to

[17] , wherein the coaxial cable is a superconductor.

[0315]

[19] A transmission line for transmitting a carrier wave and comprising a coaxial cable, the coaxial cable having a center conductor, an insulator disposed on the outer periphery of the center conductor, and an outer conductor disposed on the outer periphery of the insulator, at least two divided portions are formed where the center conductor is divided, and the center conductor is discontinuous in the longitudinal direction of the center conductor.

[20] The coaxial cable has the center conductor, the insulator disposed on the outer periphery of the center conductor, a first outer conductor disposed on the outer periphery of the insulator, and a second outer conductor disposed on the outer periphery of the first outer conductor, and each of the divided portions where the at least two center conductors are divided and two divided portions where at least a portion of the first outer conductor that face each other in the radial direction of the coaxial cable are divided are formed, and two of the second outer conductors are arranged so as to cover each of the two divided portions where the first outer conductor is divided.

[21] The transmission line according to

[19] or

[20] , wherein a coaxial cable portion corresponding to a region between the divided portions where the at least two central conductors are divided has a resonance function.

[22] The transmission line according to any one of

[19] to

[21] , wherein the coaxial cable is a superconductor.

[23] The transmission line according to

[22] , wherein the superconductor is aluminum.

[24] The transmission line according to

[22] , wherein the superconductor is Nb-Ti.

[0316]

[25] A resonator having a cable, the cable including at least a first cable portion along a part of the entire length of the cable and a second cable portion along another part of the length, a first characteristic impedance of the first cable portion and a second characteristic impedance of the second cable portion having different values, and the first cable portion being a resonator.

[26] The resonator according to

[25] , wherein the cable includes two of the second cable portions, and the first cable portion is formed between the two second cable portions.

[27] The resonator according to

[25] or

[26] , wherein the cable is a superconductor.

[28] The resonator according to any one of

[25] to

[27] , wherein the cable is a coaxial cable, the first cable portion has a first central conductor, a first insulator arranged around the first central conductor, and a first outer conductor arranged around the first insulator, and the second cable portion has a second central conductor, a second insulator arranged around the second central conductor, and a second outer conductor arranged around the second insulator.

[29] The resonator according to

[28] , wherein a diameter of the first central conductor of the first cable portion is different from a diameter of the second central conductor of the second cable portion.

[0317]

[30] A resonator comprising at least a first cable, a second cable, and a connector, wherein a first characteristic impedance of the first cable and a second characteristic impedance of the second cable are different values, the first cable and the second cable are electrically connected via the connector, and the first cable is a resonating unit.

[31] The resonator according to

[30] , comprising two second cables and two connectors, wherein the first cable is disposed between the two second cables, and one end and the other end opposite to the one end of the first cable are electrically connected to each of the two second cables via each of the two connectors.

[32] The resonator according to

[30] or

[31] , wherein each of the first cable and the second cable is a superconductor.

[33] The resonator according to any one of

[30] to

[32] , wherein the first cable and the second cable are each coaxial cables, the first cable having a first central conductor, a first insulator arranged around the first central conductor, and a first outer conductor arranged around the first insulator, and the second cable having a second central conductor, a second insulator arranged around the second central conductor, and a second outer conductor arranged around the second insulator.

[34] The resonator according to

[33] , wherein the diameter of the first central conductor of the first cable is different from the diameter of the second central conductor of the second cable.

[35] A transmission line for transmitting a carrier wave and comprising a coaxial cable, the coaxial cable having a center conductor, an insulator disposed around the center conductor, a first outer conductor disposed around the insulator, and a second outer conductor disposed around the first outer conductor, at least two divided portions are formed by dividing the center conductor, the center conductor is discontinuous in the longitudinal direction of the center conductor, at least two divided portions are formed by dividing the first outer conductor over the entire circumferential direction of the first outer conductor corresponding to each of the divided portions by dividing the at least two center conductors, the first outer conductor is discontinuous in the longitudinal direction of the first outer conductor, and at least two of the second outer conductors are arranged to cover each of the at least two divided portions by dividing the first outer conductor.

[36] The transmission line according to

[35] , wherein the second outer conductor is made of a conductive pipe.

[37] The transmission line according to

[35] or

[36] , wherein the coaxial cable corresponding to a region between the divided portions where the at least two center conductors are divided has a resonance function.

[38] The transmission line according to any one of

[35] to

[37] , wherein three divided portions where the center conductor is divided, each of the three divided portions where the center conductor is divided, and three divided portions where the first outer conductor corresponding to each of the three divided portions in the radial direction of the coaxial cable is entirely divided in the circumferential direction are formed, wherein two center conductors are formed by forming the divided portions where the three center conductors are divided, and wherein each of the two center conductors is shaved away starting from one end of each of the divided portions where the three first outer conductors are divided or the position of the two center conductor portions corresponding to the other end opposite to the one end, so that the lengths of the two center conductors in the transmission direction of the carrier wave are approximately the same.

[39] The transmission line according to any one of

[35] to

[38] , wherein the coaxial cable is a superconductor.

[40] The transmission line according to

[39] , wherein the superconductor is aluminum.

[41] The transmission line according to

[39] , wherein the superconductor is Nb—Ti.

[0318] DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 100...Transmission line (resonator), 101-1...Center conductor of a part of the transmission line (first cable section), 101-2-1...Center conductor of a rear part of the transmission line (second cable section), 101-2-2...Center conductor of a front part of the transmission line (second cable section), 102...Outer conductor, 104...Insulator, 111...Rear part of the transmission line (second cable section), 112...Part of the transmission line (first cable section), 113...Front part of the transmission line (second cable section), 200...Transmission line (resonator), 201-1...Center conductor of a part of the transmission line (first cable section), 201-2-1...Center conductor of a rear part of the transmission line (second cable section), 201-2-2...Center conductor of a front part of the transmission line (second cable section), 202...Outer conductor, 204...Insulator, 211...Rear part of the transmission line (second cable section), 212...Part of transmission path (first cable portion), 213...Front portion of transmission path (second cable portion), 300...Transmission path (resonator), 301-1...Center conductor of part of transmission path (first cable portion), 301-2-1...Center conductor of rear portion of transmission path (second cable portion), 301-2-2...Center conductor of front portion of transmission path (second cable portion), 302...Outer conductor, 303L, 303R...Pin, 304...Insulator, 311...Rear portion of transmission path (second cable portion), 312...Part of transmission path (first cable portion), 313...Front portion of transmission path (second cable portion), 400...Transmission path (resonator), 500...Transmission path (resonator), 501...Center conductor, 502-1...First outer conductor portion of first coaxial cable portion, 502-2-1...Second outer conductor portion of second coaxial cable portion, 502-2-2... Second outer conductor portion of second coaxial cable portion, 504... Insulator, 511... Second coaxial cable portion, 512... First coaxial cable portion, 513... Second coaxial cable portion, 530... Coaxial cable, 600... Transmission line (resonator), 601... Center conductor, 602-1... First outer conductor portion of first coaxial cable portion, 602-2-1... Second outer conductor portion of second coaxial cable portion, 602-2-2... Second outer conductor portion of second coaxial cable portion, 604... Insulator,611... Second coaxial cable portion, 612... First coaxial cable portion, 613... Second coaxial cable portion, 630... Coaxial cable, 700... Transmission path (resonator), 701... Center conductor, 702-1... First outer conductor portion of first coaxial cable portion, 702-2-1... Second outer conductor portion of second coaxial cable portion, 702-2-2... Second outer conductor portion of second coaxial cable portion, 704... Insulator, 711... Second coaxial cable portion, 712... First coaxial cable portion, 713... Second coaxial cable portion, 730... Coaxial cable, 800... Transmission path (resonator), 801... Center conductor, 802-1... First outer conductor portion of first coaxial cable portion, 802-2-1... Second outer conductor portion of second coaxial cable portion 802-2-2...Second outer conductor portion of second coaxial cable portion, 804...Insulator, 811...Second coaxial cable portion, 812...First coaxial cable portion, 813...Second coaxial cable portion, 830...Coaxial cable, 900...Transmission path (resonator), 901...Center conductor, 902...Outer conductor, 902-1...First outer conductor portion of first coaxial cable portion, 904...Insulator, 911...Second coaxial cable portion, 912...First coaxial cable portion, 913...Second coaxial cable portion, 930...Coaxial cable, 1000...Transmission path (resonator), 1001-1-1...First center conductor portion of first coaxial cable portion, 1001-1-2...First center conductor portion of first coaxial cable portion, 1001-1-3...First center conductor portion of first coaxial cable portion, 1001-2-1...Second center conductor portion of second coaxial cable portion, 1001-2-2...Second center conductor portion of second coaxial cable portion, 1001-2-3...Second center conductor portion of second coaxial cable portion, 1001-2-4...Second center conductor portion of second coaxial cable portion, 1002...Outer conductor, 1004...Insulator, 1011...Second coaxial cable portion, 1012...First coaxial cable portion, 1013...Second coaxial cable portion, 1014...First coaxial cable portion, 1015...Second coaxial cable portion, 1016...First coaxial cable portion,1017...Second coaxial cable portion, 1030...Coaxial cable, 1100...Transmission line (resonator), 1101-1-1...First center conductor portion of first coaxial cable portion, 1101-1-2...First center conductor portion of first coaxial cable portion, 1101-2-1...Second center conductor portion of second coaxial cable portion, 1101-2-2...Second center conductor portion of second coaxial cable portion, 1101-2-3...Second center conductor portion of second coaxial cable portion, 1102...Outer conductor, 1104...Insulator, 1111...Second coaxial cable portion, 1112...First coaxial cable portion, 1113...Second coaxial cable portion, 1114...First coaxial cable portion, 1115...Second coaxial cable portion, 1130...Coaxial cable, DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1200... Transmission line (resonator), 1201... Center conductor, 1202-1... First outer conductor portion of first coaxial cable portion, 1202-2-1... Second outer conductor portion of second coaxial cable portion, 1202-2-2... Second outer conductor portion of second coaxial cable portion, 1204... Insulator, 1211... Second coaxial cable portion, 1212... First coaxial cable portion, 1213... Second coaxial cable portion, 1230... Coaxial cable, 1250... Ring, 1300... Transmission line (resonator), 1301-1... Center conductor, 1301-2-1... Center conductor, 1301-2-2... Center conductor, 1302... Outer conductor, 1304... Insulator, 1311... Non-resonating portion, 1312... Resonating portion 1313...Non-resonant portion, 1330...Coaxial cable, 1400...Transmission path (resonator), 1401-1-1...Center conductor, 1401-1-2...Center conductor, 1401-2-1...Center conductor, 1401-2-2...Center conductor, 1402...Outer conductor, 1404...Insulator, 1411...Non-resonant portion, 1412...Resonant portion, 1413...Resonant portion, 1414...Non-resonant portion, 1430...Coaxial cable, 1500...Transmission path (resonator), 1501-1-1...Center conductor, 1501-1-2...Center conductor, 1501-1-3...Center conductor, 1501-2-1...Center conductor,1501-2-2...Center conductor, 1502...Outer conductor, 1504...Insulator, 1511...Non-resonant section, 1512...Resonant section, 1513...Resonant section, 1514...Resonant section, 1515...Non-resonant section, 1530...Coaxial cable, 1550...Rotating tooth, 1551...Rotating shaft, 1552...Rotating body, 1600...Transmission path (resonator), 1601-1-1...Center conductor, 1601-1-2...Center conductor, 1601-1-3...Center conductor, 1601-2-1...Center conductor, 1601-2-2...Center conductor, 1602...First outer conductor, 1602-1-1...First outer conductor, 1602-1-2...First outer conductor, 1602-1-3...First outer conductor, 1602-1-4...First outer conductor, 1602-1-5...First outer conductor, 1602-2-1...Second outer conductor, 1602-2-2...Second outer conductor, 1602-2-3...Second outer conductor, 1602-2-4...Second outer conductor, 1604...Insulator, 1611...Non-resonant portion, 1612...Resonant portion, 1613...Resonant portion, 1614...Resonant portion, 1615...Non-resonant portion, 1630...Coaxial cable, 1700...Transmission line (resonator), 1701-1-1...Center conductor, 1701-1-2...Center conductor, 1701-2-1...Center conductor, 1701-2-2...Center conductor, 1702-1-1...First outer conductor, 1702-1-2...First outer conductor, 1702-1-3...First outer conductor, 1702-1-4...First outer conductor, 1702-2-1...Second outer conductor (conductive pipe), 1702-2-2...Second outer conductor (conductive pipe), 1702-2-3...Second outer conductor (conductive pipe), 1704...Insulator, 1711...Non-resonant portion, 1712...Resonant portion, 1713...Resonant portion, 1714...Non-resonant portion, 1730...Coaxial cable, 3000R...First connector, 3000L...Second connector, 4000R...First connector, 4000L...Second connector, 5000...Part of transmission path (first cable),5010...Center conductor of part of transmission path (first cable), 5020...Outer conductor of part of transmission path (first cable), 5040...Insulator of part of transmission path (first cable), 6000...Rear part of transmission path (second cable), 6010...Center conductor of rear part of transmission path (second cable), 6030...Pin, 6040...Insulator of part of transmission path (second cable), 7000...Front part of transmission path (second cable), 7010...Center conductor of front part of transmission path (second cable), 7030...Pin, 7040...Insulator of front part of transmission path (second cable), B13-1, B13-2...Divided part, B14-1, B14-2, B14-3...Divided part, B15-1, B15-2, B15-3, B15-4...Divided part, B16-1, B16-2, B16-3, B16-4...dividing portion, P...carrier wave transmission direction, Q, Q'...rotation direction, S0, S1, S2, S3...cutting direction.

Claims

1. A transmission line for transmitting a carrier wave and comprising a coaxial cable, the coaxial cable having a center conductor, an insulator disposed around the center conductor, a first outer conductor disposed around the insulator, and a second outer conductor disposed around the first outer conductor, at least two divided portions are formed where the center conductor is divided, the center conductor is discontinuous in the longitudinal direction of the center conductor, at least two divided portions are formed around the entire circumferential direction of the first outer conductor corresponding to each of the divided portions where the at least two center conductors are divided in the radial direction of the coaxial cable, the first outer conductor is discontinuous in the longitudinal direction of the first outer conductor, and at least two of the second outer conductors are arranged to cover each of the at least two divided portions where the first outer conductor is divided.

2. The transmission line of claim 1, wherein said second outer conductor comprises a conductive pipe.

3. A transmission line according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the coaxial cable corresponding to the region between the split portions where the at least two central conductors are split has a resonance function.

4. A transmission line according to claim 1 or 2, wherein three divisions are formed: one where the center conductor is divided, one where each of the three divisions is divided, and one where the entire circumferential direction of the first outer conductor corresponding to the three divisions in the radial direction of the coaxial cable is divided; two center conductors are formed by forming the divisions where the three center conductors are divided; and each of the two center conductors is shaved off starting from one end of each of the divisions where the three first outer conductors are divided or from the position of the two center conductor portions corresponding to the other end opposite to said one end, so that the lengths of the two center conductors in the transmission direction of the carrier wave are approximately the same.

5. The transmission line according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the coaxial cable is a superconductor.

6. The transmission line of claim 5, wherein said superconductor is aluminum.

7. The transmission line of claim 5, wherein said superconductor is Nb-Ti.

8. A transmission line for transmitting a carrier wave, comprising a coaxial cable, the coaxial cable having a center conductor, an insulator disposed around the center conductor, and an outer conductor disposed around the insulator, the center conductor being separated into at least two separated portions, and the center conductor being discontinuous in the longitudinal direction of the center conductor.

9. The transmission line according to claim 8, wherein the coaxial cable comprises the center conductor, the insulator disposed around the center conductor, a first outer conductor disposed around the insulator, and a second outer conductor disposed around the first outer conductor, wherein each of the at least two center conductors is separated and two opposite first outer conductors are separated in the radial direction of the coaxial cable, and the two second outer conductors are disposed so as to cover the two separated first outer conductors, respectively.

10. A transmission line according to claim 8 or 9, wherein the coaxial cable portion corresponding to the region between the split portions where the at least two central conductors are split has a resonance function.

11. The transmission line according to claim 8 or 9, wherein the coaxial cable is a superconductor.

12. The transmission line of claim 11, wherein the superconductor is aluminum.

13. The transmission line of claim 11, wherein the superconductor is Nb-Ti.

14. A transmission line that transmits a carrier wave, wherein the characteristic impedance of a portion of the transmission line, the characteristic impedance of a front portion of the transmission line that is located in front of the portion of the transmission line in the direction in which the carrier wave travels, and the characteristic impedance of a rear portion of the transmission line that is located behind the portion of the transmission line in the direction in which the carrier wave travels are different values.

15. The transmission line according to claim 14, comprising a first connector and a second connector, wherein a portion of the transmission line and a front portion of the transmission line are electrically connected via the first connector, and a portion of the transmission line and a rear portion of the transmission line are electrically connected via the second connector.

16. The transmission line according to claim 14, wherein a portion of the transmission line has a resonance function.

17. The transmission line of claim 14, wherein each of the front portion of the transmission line, a portion of the transmission line, and the rear portion of the transmission line is a superconductor.

18. The transmission line according to claim 14, wherein each of the front portion of the transmission line, the portion of the transmission line, and the rear portion of the transmission line is a coaxial cable.

19. The transmission line according to claim 14, wherein a front portion of the transmission line, a portion of the transmission line, and a rear portion of the transmission line are arranged consecutively in this order.

20. A transmission line for transmitting a carrier wave and comprising a coaxial cable, the coaxial cable including a first coaxial cable portion and two second coaxial cable portions adjacent to each of the two ends of the first coaxial cable portion in the direction of transmission of the carrier wave, the first coaxial cable portion having a first central conductor portion, a first insulator portion disposed on the outer periphery of the first central conductor portion, and a first outer conductor portion disposed on the outer periphery of the first insulator portion, the second coaxial cable portion having a second central conductor portion, a second insulator portion disposed on the outer periphery of the second central conductor portion, and a second outer conductor portion disposed on the outer periphery of the second insulator portion, a distance between the first central conductor and the first outer conductor in a cross-sectional view when the first coaxial cable portion is cut in the longitudinal direction of the first coaxial cable portion, and a distance between the second central conductor and the second outer conductor in a cross-sectional view when the second coaxial cable portion is cut in the longitudinal direction of the second coaxial cable portion.

21. A transmission line as described in claim 20, wherein the distance between the first center conductor and the first outer conductor in a cross-sectional view when the first coaxial cable portion is cut in the longitudinal direction of the first coaxial cable portion is greater than the distance between the second center conductor and the second outer conductor in a cross-sectional view when the second coaxial cable portion is cut in the longitudinal direction of the second coaxial cable portion.

22. A transmission line as described in claim 21, wherein the first outer conductor portion is a convex portion that protrudes outward, opposite the first insulator portion, with respect to the two second outer conductor portions that are adjacent to each of the two ends of the first outer conductor portion in the direction of transmission of the carrier wave.

23. A transmission line according to claim 21, wherein two of the second outer conductor portions of each of the two second coaxial cable portions are formed discontinuously, forming a gap between the two outer conductor portions, and the first outer conductor portion is laminated on the outer surface of each of the two second outer conductor portions, on the side of the gap in the direction of transmission of the carrier wave, opposite the second insulator portion, so as to cover the gap.

24. A transmission line as described in claim 21, wherein the distance between the first center conductor and the second outer conductor in a cross-sectional view when the first coaxial cable portion is cut in the longitudinal direction of the first coaxial cable portion is smaller than the distance between the second center conductor and the second outer conductor in a cross-sectional view when the second coaxial cable portion is cut in the longitudinal direction of the second coaxial cable portion.

25. A transmission line as described in claim 24, wherein the first outer conductor portion is a recess recessed inward toward the first insulator portion relative to the two second outer conductor portions adjacent to each of the two ends of the first outer conductor portion in the direction of transmission of the carrier wave.

26. A transmission line as described in claim 24, wherein two of the second outer conductor portions of each of the two second coaxial cable portions are formed discontinuously, forming a gap between the two outer conductor portions, and the first outer conductor portion is laminated on the inner surface of the end of each of the two outer conductor portions that is on the gap side in the direction of transmission of the carrier wave, on the second insulator portion side, so as to cover the gap.

27. A transmission line as claimed in claim 24, wherein the first coaxial cable section has two of the first outer conductor sections, one of the two first outer conductor sections is arranged on the outer periphery of the first insulator section, and the other of the first outer conductor sections is arranged on the outer periphery of the one first outer conductor section, and of the two second outer conductor sections possessed by each of the two second coaxial cable sections, one of the second outer conductor sections and the other first outer conductor section are formed continuously, and the other of the second outer conductor sections and the other first outer conductor section are formed continuously.

28. The transmission line of claim 20, wherein the coaxial cable includes a plurality of the first coaxial cable portions.

29. The transmission line of claim 20, wherein the first coaxial cable portion is repeated through the second coaxial cable portion.

30. The transmission line of claim 20, wherein the first coaxial cable section has a resonating function.

31. The transmission line of claim 20, wherein the coaxial cable is a superconductor.

32. A resonator having a cable, the cable including at least a first cable portion along a part of the total length of the cable and a second cable portion along another part of the length, the first characteristic impedance of the first cable portion and the second characteristic impedance of the second cable portion being different values, and the first cable portion being a resonating portion.

33. A resonator as claimed in claim 32, wherein the cable includes two of the second cable portions, and the first cable portion is formed between the two second cable portions.

34. The resonator of claim 32, wherein the cable is a superconductor.

35. A resonator as described in claim 32, wherein the cable is a coaxial cable, the first cable portion has a first center conductor, a first insulator disposed around the first center conductor, and a first outer conductor disposed around the first insulator, and the second cable portion has a second center conductor, a second insulator disposed around the second center conductor, and a second outer conductor disposed around the second insulator.

36. A resonator as set forth in claim 35, wherein the diameter of the first central conductor of the first cable portion is different from the diameter of the second central conductor of the second cable portion.

37. A resonator comprising at least a first cable, a second cable, and a connector, wherein a first characteristic impedance of the first cable and a second characteristic impedance of the second cable are different values, the first cable and the second cable are electrically connected via the connector, and the first cable is a resonating part.

38. The resonator according to claim 37, comprising two of the second cables, two of the connectors, the first cable being disposed between the two second cables, and one end of the first cable and the other end opposite the one end being electrically connected to each of the two second cables via each of the two connectors.

39. The resonator of claim 30, wherein each of the first cable and the second cable is a superconductor.

40. The resonator of claim 37, wherein the first cable and the second cable are each a coaxial cable, the first cable having a first center conductor, a first insulator disposed around the first center conductor, and a first outer conductor disposed around the first insulator, and the second cable having a second center conductor, a second insulator disposed around the second center conductor, and a second outer conductor disposed around the second insulator.

41. A resonator as set forth in claim 40, wherein the diameter of the first center conductor of the first cable is different from the diameter of the second center conductor of the second cable.

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