Method and apparatus for configuring frame structure for ambient IoT terminal

Abstract

A method and an apparatus for configuring a frame structure for an ambient IoT terminal in a wireless communication system are provided. The ambient IoT terminal receives a paging message from a base station or a reader-capable terminal, and determines an access frame for transmission of a physical device to reader channel (PDRCH) on the basis of the received paging message, wherein the paging message includes access frame configuration information and service type information for the transmission of the PDRCH.

Description

Method and device for setting frame structure for ambient IoT terminals

[0001] This specification relates to wireless communications applicable to 5G NR, 5G-Advanced and 6G.

[0002] As more and more communication devices demand ever-increasing communication traffic, the need for next-generation 5G systems, which offer enhanced wireless broadband communication capabilities over existing LTE systems, is growing. This next-generation 5G system, known as NewRAT, differentiates communication scenarios into Enhanced Mobile BroadBand (eMBB), Ultra-reliability and low-latency communication (URLLC), and Massive Machine-Type Communications (mMTC).

[0003] Here, eMBB is a next-generation mobile communication scenario with characteristics such as High Spectrum Efficiency, High User Experienced Data Rate, and High Peak Data Rate; URLLC is a next-generation mobile communication scenario with characteristics such as Ultra Reliable, Ultra Low Latency, and Ultra High Availability (e.g., V2X, Emergency Service, and Remote Control); and mMTC is a next-generation mobile communication scenario with characteristics such as Low Cost, Low Energy, Short Packet, and Massive Connectivity (e.g., IoT (Internet of Things)).

[0004] An object of the present specification is to provide a method and device for setting a frame structure for an ambient IoT terminal in a wireless communication system.

[0005] One embodiment of the present specification provides a method for a wireless communication system in which an ambient IoT terminal receives a paging message from a base station or a reader-capable terminal. Thereafter, the ambient IoT terminal determines an access frame for transmission of a Physical Device to Reader Channel (PDRCH) based on the received paging message, wherein the paging message includes access frame configuration information for transmission of the PDRCH and service type information.

[0006] In addition, one embodiment of the present specification provides a wireless communication system comprising at least one processor, and at least one memory storing instructions and being operably electrically connectable to the at least one processor, wherein the operations performed based on the instructions being executed by the at least one processor include: receiving a paging message from a base station or a reader-capable terminal. Then, based on the received paging message, an access frame for transmission of a Physical Device to Reader Channel (PDRCH) is determined, wherein the paging message includes access frame configuration information for transmission of the PDRCH and service type information, thereby providing an ambient IoT terminal.

[0007] The above access frame configuration information may include at least one of information on the number of access opportunities constituting the access frame and frequency channelization information. Here, the frequency channelization information may include at least one of i) information on the number of IoT frequency channels for transmission and reception of a PDRCH or a PRDCH (Physical Reader to Device Channel), ii) offset information between each IoT frequency channel, and iii) carrier wave (CW) signal reference information for transmission of the PDRCH for each IoT frequency channel.

[0008] An ambient IoT terminal may receive a Physical Reader to Device Channel (PRDCH) or a preamble from a base station or a reader-capable terminal. The PRDCH or preamble may be for indicating a starting point of an access opportunity configured through a paging message. Here, the information indicating the starting point of the access opportunity may include at least one of an access opportunity index information, an access opportunity type information, and a carrier wave (CW) signal timing setting information.

[0009] Meanwhile, a paging transmission resource request message for the paging message may be transmitted from a reader-capable terminal to a base station, and the paging message may be received from the reader-capable terminal based on a response message from the base station to the paging transmission resource request message.

[0010] At least one of the paging transmission resource request message and the response message may include at least one of i) frequency resource setting information, ii) ambient IoT terminal type information, iii) coverage level setting information, iv) power control setting information, v) carrier wave (CW) signal request information, vi) energy harvesting request information, and vii) ambient IoT terminal number information.

[0011] The ambient IoT terminal can transmit a PDRCH to a base station or a leader-capable terminal through the access frame determined above.

[0012] According to the disclosure of this specification, there is an effect of setting an efficient access frame for an ambient IoT terminal that transmits data using backscattering in a wireless communication system, thereby improving data transmission and reception performance.

[0013] Figure 1 is a diagram illustrating a wireless communication system.

[0014] Figure 2 illustrates the structure of a radio frame used in NR.

[0015] Figures 3a to 3c are exemplary diagrams showing exemplary architectures for wireless communication services.

[0016] Figure 4 illustrates the slot structure of an NR frame.

[0017] Figure 5 illustrates an example of subframe types in NR.

[0018] Figure 6 illustrates the structure of a self-contained slot.

[0019] Figures 7a to 7e illustrate examples of connectivity topologies for ambient IoT networks and devices.

[0020] FIG. 8 is a diagram for explaining dynamic access frame configuration according to one embodiment of the present specification.

[0021] FIG. 9 is a flowchart illustrating an operation method of an ambient IoT terminal according to one embodiment of the present specification.

[0022] Figure 10 illustrates a device according to one embodiment of the present specification.

[0023] Fig. 11 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a terminal according to one embodiment of the present specification.

[0024] Figure 12 shows a block diagram of a processor in which the disclosure of this specification is implemented.

[0025] FIG. 13 is a block diagram showing in detail the transmitter / receiver of the first device illustrated in FIG. 10 or the transmitter / receiver unit of the device illustrated in FIG. 11.

[0026] It should be noted that the technical terms used in this specification are used merely to describe specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the contents of this specification. In addition, unless specifically defined otherwise herein, the technical terms used in this specification should be interpreted as having a meaning generally understood by those skilled in the art to which this specification pertains, and should not be interpreted in an excessively broad or narrow sense. In addition, if a technical term used in this specification is an incorrect technical term that does not accurately express the contents and ideas of this specification, it should be replaced with a technical term that can be correctly understood by a person skilled in the art. In addition, general terms used in this specification should be interpreted according to their dictionary definitions or according to the preceding and following context, and should not be interpreted in an excessively narrow sense.

[0027] Additionally, the singular expressions used herein include plural expressions unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. In this application, terms such as "consist of" or "have" should not be construed to necessarily include all of the components or steps described in the specification, and should be construed to mean that some of the components or steps may not be included, or that additional components or steps may be included.

[0028] Additionally, terms including ordinal numbers, such as "first" and "second," used herein may be used to describe various components, but these components should not be limited by these terms. These terms are used solely to distinguish one component from another. For example, without departing from the scope of the present invention, a first component could be referred to as a second component, and similarly, a second component could also be referred to as a first component.

[0029] When a component is referred to as being connected or connected to another component, it may be directly connected or connected to that other component, but there may also be other components intervening. Conversely, when a component is referred to as being directly connected or connected to another component, it should be understood that there are no other components intervening.

[0030] Hereinafter, embodiments will be described in detail with reference to the attached drawings. Regardless of the drawing reference numerals, identical or similar components will be given the same reference numerals, and redundant descriptions thereof will be omitted. In addition, when describing the contents of this specification, if a detailed description of a related known technology is judged to obscure the gist of this specification, the detailed description thereof will be omitted. In addition, it should be noted that the attached drawings are only intended to make the contents and ideas of this specification easily understandable, and should not be construed as limiting the contents and ideas of this specification by the attached drawings. The contents and ideas of this specification should be construed to extend to all changes, equivalents, and substitutes other than the attached drawings.

[0031] In this specification, “A or B” can mean “only A,” “only B,” or “both A and B.” In other words, “A or B” in this specification can be interpreted as “A and / or B.” For example, “A, B or C” in this specification can mean “only A,” “only B,” “only C,” or “any combination of A, B, and C.”

[0032] As used herein, a slash ( / ) or a comma can mean "and / or." For example, "A / B" can mean "A and / or B." Accordingly, "A / B" can mean "only A," "only B," or "both A and B." For example, "A, B, C" can mean "A, B, or C."

[0033] In this specification, “at least one of A and B” may mean “only A,” “only B,” or “both A and B.” Additionally, in this specification, the expressions “at least one of A or B” or “at least one of A and / or B” may be interpreted identically to “at least one of A and B.”

[0034] Additionally, in this specification, “at least one of A, B and C” can mean “only A,” “only B,” “only C,” or “any combination of A, B and C.” Additionally, “at least one of A, B or C” or “at least one of A, B and / or C” can mean “at least one of A, B and C.”

[0035] Additionally, parentheses used in this specification may mean “for example.” Specifically, when “control information (PDCCH)” is indicated, “PDCCH (Physical Downlink Control Channel)” may be suggested as an example of “control information.” In other words, “control information” in this specification is not limited to “PDCCH,” and “PDDCH” may be suggested as an example of “control information.” Furthermore, even when indicated as “control information (i.e., PDCCH),” “PDCCH” may be suggested as an example of “control information.”

[0036] Technical features individually described in a single drawing in this specification may be implemented individually or simultaneously.

[0037] Although the attached drawing illustrates a UE (User Equipment) as an example, the illustrated UE may also be referred to as a terminal, ME (Mobile Equipment), etc. In addition, the UE may be a portable device such as a laptop, mobile phone, PDA, smart phone, multimedia device, etc., or a non-portable device such as a PC or vehicle-mounted device.

[0038] Hereinafter, the term "UE" is used as an example of a device capable of wireless communication (e.g., a wireless communication device, a wireless device, or a wireless device). The operations performed by the UE can be performed by any device capable of wireless communication. A device capable of wireless communication may also be referred to as a wireless communication device, a wireless device, or a wireless device.

[0039] The term base station used below generally refers to a fixed station that communicates with wireless devices, and can be used as a comprehensive term that includes eNodeB (evolved-NodeB), eNB (evolved-NodeB), BTS (Base Transceiver System), Access Point, gNB (Next generation NodeB), RRH (remote radio head), TP (transmission point), RP (reception point), relay, etc.

[0040] Although this specification describes embodiments using LTE systems, LTE-A systems, and NR systems, these embodiments may be applied to any communication system falling within the above definitions.

[0041] Wireless Communication System

[0042] Building on the success of LTE (long term evolution) / LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) for 4th generation mobile communications, commercialization of the next generation, or 5th generation (so-called 5G) mobile communications, and follow-up research are also ongoing.

[0043] The International Telecommunication Union (ITU) defines 5G mobile communications as providing data transfer speeds of up to 20 Gbps and a perceived transmission speed of at least 100 Mbps everywhere. Its official name is "IMT-2020."

[0044] ITU proposes three usage scenarios: eMBB (enhanced Mobile BroadBand), mMTC (massive Machine Type Communication), and URLLC (Ultra Reliable and Low Latency Communications).

[0045] URLLC addresses usage scenarios that require high reliability and low latency. For example, services such as autonomous driving, factory automation, and augmented reality require high reliability and low latency (e.g., sub-1ms). Current 4G (LTE) latency is statistically 21-43ms (best 10%) and 33-75ms (median). This is insufficient to support services requiring sub-1ms latency. Next, eMBB usage scenarios address usage scenarios that require mobile ultra-wideband.

[0046] In other words, the 5th generation mobile communication system can support higher capacity than the current 4G LTE, increase the density of mobile broadband users, and support D2D (Device to Device), high reliability, and MTC (Machine-type communication). 5G research and development also aims for lower latency and lower battery consumption than 4G mobile communication systems to better implement the Internet of Things. For this 5G mobile communication, a new radio access technology (New RAT or NR) may be proposed.

[0047] The NR frequency band can be defined by two types of frequency ranges (FR1, FR2). The numerical values ​​of the frequency ranges can be changed, and for example, the two types of frequency ranges (FR1, FR2) can be as shown in Table 1 below. For convenience of explanation, among the frequency ranges used in the NR system, FR1 can mean the “sub 6 GHz range”, and FR2 can mean the “above 6 GHz range” and can be called millimeter wave (mmW).

[0048] Frequency Range designationCorresponding frequency rangeSubcarrier SpacingFR1410MHz - 7125MHz15, 30, 60kHzFR224250MHz - 52600MHz60, 120, 240kHz

[0049] The numerical value of the frequency range of the NR system can be changed. For example, FR1 can include a band from 410 MHz to 7125 MHz, as shown in Table 1. That is, FR1 can include frequency bands above 6 GHz (or 5850, 5900, 5925 MHz, etc.). For example, the frequency bands above 6 GHz (or 5850, 5900, 5925 MHz, etc.) included within FR1 can include unlicensed bands. Unlicensed bands can be used for various purposes, such as for vehicle communications (e.g., autonomous driving).

[0050] Meanwhile, 3GPP-based communication standards define downlink physical channels corresponding to resource elements that carry information originating from upper layers, and downlink physical signals corresponding to resource elements that are used by the physical layer but do not carry information originating from upper layers. For example, the physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH), physical broadcast channel (PBCH), physical multicast channel (PMCH), physical control format indicator channel (PCFICH), physical downlink control channel (PDCCH), and physical hybrid ARQ indicator channel (PHICH) are defined as downlink physical channels, and reference signals and synchronization signals are defined as downlink physical signals. A reference signal (RS), also referred to as a pilot, is a signal with a special predefined waveform known to the gNB and the UE. For example, cell specific RS, UE-specific RS (UE-RS), positioning RS (PRS), and channel state information RS (CSI-RS) are defined as downlink reference signals. The 3GPP LTE / LTE-A standard defines uplink physical channels corresponding to resource elements carrying information originating from higher layers, and uplink physical signals corresponding to resource elements used by the physical layer but not carrying information originating from higher layers.For example, a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH), a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH), and a physical random access channel (PRACH) are defined as uplink physical channels, and a demodulation reference signal (DMRS) for uplink control / data signals and a sounding reference signal (SRS) used for uplink channel measurement are defined.

[0051] In this specification, PDCCH (Physical Downlink Control CHannel) / PCFICH (Physical Control Format Indicator CHannel) / PHICH ((Physical Hybrid automatic retransmit request Indicator CHannel) / PDSCH (Physical Downlink Shared CHannel) mean a set of time-frequency resources or a set of resource elements that carry DCI (Downlink Control Information) / CFI (Control Format Indicator) / downlink ACK / NACK (ACKnowlegement / Negative ACK) / downlink data, respectively. In addition, PUCCH (Physical Uplink Control CHannel) / PUSCH (Physical Uplink Shared CHannel) / PRACH (Physical Random Access CHannel) mean a set of time-frequency resources or a set of resource elements that carry UCI (Uplink Control Information) / uplink data / random access signals, respectively.

[0052] Figure 1 is a diagram illustrating a wireless communication system.

[0053] As can be seen from FIG. 1, the wireless communication system includes at least one base station (BS). The BS is divided into a gNodeB (or gNB) (20a) and an eNodeB (or eNB) (20b). The gNB (20a) supports 5th generation mobile communications. The eNB (20b) supports 4th generation mobile communications, i.e., long term evolution (LTE).

[0054] Each base station (20a and 20b) provides communication services for a specific geographic area (commonly referred to as a cell) (20-1, 20-2, 20-3). The cell may be further divided into multiple areas (referred to as sectors).

[0055] A UE (user equipment) typically belongs to a single cell, and the cell to which the UE belongs is called a serving cell. The base station that provides communication services for the serving cell is called a serving base station (BS). Since the wireless communication system is a cellular system, there are other cells adjacent to the serving cell. These other cells adjacent to the serving cell are called neighbor cells. The base station that provides communication services to the neighbor cell is called a neighbor BS. The serving cell and neighbor cells are determined relative to the UE.

[0056] Hereinafter, downlink refers to communication from a base station (20) to a UE (10), and uplink refers to communication from a UE (10) to a base station (20). In downlink, the transmitter may be part of the base station (20), and the receiver may be part of the UE (10). In uplink, the transmitter may be part of the UE (10), and the receiver may be part of the base station (20).

[0057] Meanwhile, wireless communication systems can be broadly divided into frequency division duplex (FDD) and time division duplex (TDD). In FDD, uplink and downlink transmissions occupy different frequency bands and occur at different times. In TDD, uplink and downlink transmissions occupy the same frequency band but occur at different times. The channel response in TDD is essentially reciprocal, meaning that the downlink and uplink channel responses are nearly identical in a given frequency range. Therefore, in TDD-based wireless communication systems, the downlink channel response can be derived from the uplink channel response, which is advantageous. In TDD, uplink and downlink transmissions are time-divided across the entire frequency band, so downlink transmission by the base station and uplink transmission by the UE cannot be performed simultaneously. In TDD systems, where uplink and downlink transmissions are divided into subframes, uplink and downlink transmissions are performed in different subframes.

[0058] Figure 2 illustrates the structure of a radio frame used in NR.

[0059] In NR, uplink and downlink transmissions are structured as frames. A radio frame is 10ms long and is defined by two 5ms half-frames (HF). Each half-frame is defined by five 1ms subframes (SF). A subframe is divided into one or more slots, and the number of slots in a subframe depends on the subcarrier spacing (SCS). Each slot contains 12 or 14 OFDM(A) symbols, depending on the cyclic prefix (CP). When a normal CP is used, each slot contains 14 symbols. When an extended CP is used, each slot contains 12 symbols. Here, the symbols may include OFDM symbols (or CP-OFDM symbols), SC-FDMA symbols (or DFT-s-OFDM symbols).

[0060] Support for various numerologies

[0061] In NR systems, multiple numerologies may be provided to terminals as wireless communication technologies advance. For example, an SCS of 15 kHz supports a wide area in traditional cellular bands. An SCS of 30 kHz / 60 kHz supports dense urban environments, lower latency, and wider carrier bandwidth. An SCS of 60 kHz or higher supports a bandwidth greater than 24.25 GHz to overcome phase noise.

[0062] The above numerology can be defined by the cycle prefix (CP) length and subcarrier spacing (SCS). A single cell can provide multiple numerologies to a terminal. When the numerology index is represented by μ, each subcarrier spacing and the corresponding CP length can be as shown in the table below.

[0063] μ△f=2 μ 15 [kHz]CP015 General 130 General 260 General, Extended 3120 General 4240 General 5480 General 6960 General

[0064] For general CP, when the index of the numerology is represented by μ, the number of OFDM symbols per slot (N slot symb ), number of slots per frame (N frame,μ slot ) and the number of slots per subframe (N subframe,μ slot ) is as shown in the table below.

[0065] μ△f=2 μ 15 [kHz]N slot symb N frame,μ slot N subframe,μ slot 015141011301420226014404312014808424014160165480143203269601464064

[0066] For extended CP, when the index of the numerology is represented by μ, the number of OFDM symbols per slot (N slot symb ), number of slots per frame (N frame,μ slot ) and the number of slots per subframe (N subframe,μ slot ) is as shown in the table below.

[0067] μSCS (15*2 u )N slot symb N frame,μ slot N subframe,μslot 260KHz (u=2)12404

[0068] In an NR system, OFDM(A) numerology (e.g., SCS, CP length, etc.) may be set differently between multiple cells that are merged into a single terminal. Accordingly, the (absolute time) interval of a time resource (e.g., SF, slot, or TTI) (conveniently referred to as TU (Time Unit)) consisting of the same number of symbols may be set differently between the merged cells.

[0069] Figures 3a to 3c are exemplary diagrams showing exemplary architectures for wireless communication services.

[0070] Referring to FIG. 3a, the UE is connected to an LTE / LTE-A-based cell and an NR-based cell in a DC (dual connectivity) manner.

[0071] The above NR-based cell is connected to the core network for existing 4th generation mobile communication, i.e. Evolved Packet Core (EPC).

[0072] Referring to FIG. 3b, unlike FIG. 3a, the LTE / LTE-A-based cell is connected to a core network for 5th generation mobile communication, i.e., a 5G core network.

[0073] A service method based on an architecture as illustrated in Figures 3a and 3b above is called NSA (non-standalone).

[0074] Referring to Figure 3c, the UE is connected only to NR-based cells. A service method based on this architecture is called SA (standalone).

[0075] Meanwhile, in the above NR, it may be considered that reception from the base station utilizes a downlink subframe, and transmission to the base station utilizes an uplink subframe. This method can be applied to paired and unpaired spectrums. A pair of spectrums means that two carrier spectrums are included for downlink and uplink operations. For example, in a pair of spectrums, one carrier may include a downlink band and an uplink band that are paired with each other.

[0076] Figure 4 illustrates the slot structure of an NR frame.

[0077] A slot contains multiple symbols in the time domain. For example, in the case of a normal CP, one slot contains 14 symbols, but in the case of an extended CP, one slot contains 12 symbols. A carrier contains multiple subcarriers in the frequency domain. An RB (Resource Block) is defined as multiple (e.g., 12) consecutive subcarriers in the frequency domain. A BWP (Bandwidth Part) is defined as multiple consecutive (physical, P)RBs in the frequency domain, and can correspond to a single numerology (e.g., SCS, CP length, etc.). A terminal can be configured with up to N (e.g., 4) BWPs in the downlink and uplink, respectively. Downlink or uplink transmission is performed through an activated BWP, and at a given time, only one BWP among the BWPs configured for the terminal can be activated. In the resource grid, each element is referred to as a Resource Element (RE), to which one complex symbol can be mapped.

[0078] Figure 5 illustrates an example of subframe types in NR.

[0079] The transmission time interval (TTI) illustrated in FIG. 5 may be referred to as a subframe or slot for NR (or new RAT). The subframe (or slot) of FIG. 5 may be used in a TDD system of NR (or new RAT) to minimize data transmission delay. As illustrated in FIG. 5, a subframe (or slot) includes 14 symbols. The symbols in the front of the subframe (or slot) may be used for a downlink (DL) control channel, and the symbols in the back of the subframe (or slot) may be used for an uplink (UL) control channel. The remaining symbols may be used for DL ​​data transmission or UL data transmission. According to this subframe (or slot) structure, downlink transmission and uplink transmission may be sequentially performed in one subframe (or slot). Therefore, downlink data may be received within a subframe (or slot), and an uplink acknowledgment (ACK / NACK) may be transmitted within the subframe (or slot).

[0080] The structure of these subframes (or slots) can be called self-contained subframes (or slots).

[0081] Specifically, the first N symbols in a slot are used to transmit a DL control channel (hereinafter, DL control region), and the last M symbols in the slot can be used to transmit a UL control channel (hereinafter, UL control region). N and M are each integers greater than or equal to 0. A resource region (hereinafter, data region) between the DL control region and the UL control region can be used for DL ​​data transmission or UL data transmission. For example, a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) can be transmitted in the DL control region, and a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) can be transmitted in the DL data region. A physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) can be transmitted in the UL control region, and a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) can be transmitted in the UL data region.

[0082] Using this subframe (or slot) structure has the advantage of minimizing the final data transmission latency by reducing the time required to retransmit data that has experienced reception errors. In this self-contained subframe (or slot) structure, a time gap may be required during the transition from transmit mode to receive mode or from receive mode to transmit mode. To this end, some OFDM symbols during the transition from DL to UL in the subframe structure can be designated as a guard period (GP).

[0083] Figure 6 illustrates the structure of a self-contained slot.

[0084] In an NR system, a frame is characterized by a self-contained structure in which a DL control channel, DL or UL data, and a UL control channel can all be included within a single slot. For example, the first N symbols within a slot can be used to transmit a DL control channel (hereinafter, referred to as a DL control region), and the last M symbols within a slot can be used to transmit a UL control channel (hereinafter, referred to as a UL control region). N and M are each integers greater than or equal to 0. The resource region (hereinafter, referred to as a data region) between the DL control region and the UL control region can be used for DL ​​data transmission or UL data transmission. As an example, the following configuration can be considered. Each section is listed in chronological order.

[0085] 1. DL only configuration

[0086] 2. UL only configuration

[0087] 3. Mixed UL-DL configuration

[0088] - DL area + GP (Guard Period) + UL control area

[0089] - DL control area + GP + UL area

[0090] DL area: (i) DL data area, (ii) DL control area + DL data area

[0091] UL domain: (i) UL data domain, (ii) UL data domain + UL control domain

[0092] In the DL control region, a PDCCH can be transmitted, and in the DL data region, a PDSCH can be transmitted. In the UL control region, a PUCCH can be transmitted, and in the UL data region, a PUSCH can be transmitted. In the PDCCH, downlink control information (DCI), for example, DL data scheduling information, UL data scheduling information, etc., can be transmitted. In the PUCCH, uplink control information (UCI), for example, ACK / NACK (Positive Acknowledgement / Negative Acknowledgement) information for DL ​​data, CSI (Channel State Information) information, SR (Scheduling Request), etc., can be transmitted. GP provides a time gap when a base station and a terminal switch from transmission mode to reception mode or when switching from reception mode to transmission mode. Some symbols at the time of switching from DL to UL within a subframe can be set as GP.

[0093] Figures 7a to 7e illustrate examples of connectivity topologies for ambient IoT networks and devices.

[0094] In recent years, IoT technology has garnered significant attention in wireless communications. IoT technology has evolved to connect a growing number of objects to enhance industrial productivity and quality of life. Examples include the Narrowband Internet of Things (NB-IoT) and enhanced Machine-Type Communication (eMTC) technologies defined in 3GPP. However, to build a more effective IoT ecosystem, improvements are needed in several areas, including the size, form factor, price, complexity, power consumption, and coverage of IoT devices.

[0095] A representative technology service of the IoT is Radio Frequency Identification (RFID). RFID boasts extremely low complexity and its tags have a very small form factor. However, its reading range is limited to a few meters, providing a very narrow coverage area. Furthermore, handheld scanning is labor-intensive, and the installation costs of RFID portals and gates make deployment expensive. Consequently, RFID has limitations in providing seamless service and coverage in large-scale networks.

[0096] To meet these needs, 3GPP is studying use cases and scenarios for IoT devices that support battery-less or energy harvesting, and is developing technologies to support IoT devices with higher requirements that cannot be met with existing IoT technologies.

[0097] A connectivity topology such as FIGS. 7a to 7e can be defined for ambient IoT networks and devices.

[0098] Referring to FIG. 7A, an ambient IoT device communicates directly and bidirectionally with a base station (BS). Communication between the BS and the ambient IoT device includes ambient IoT data and / or signaling. In the topology of FIG. 7A, the BS transmitting to the ambient IoT device may be different from the BS receiving from the ambient IoT device.

[0099] Referring to FIG. 7b, an ambient IoT device communicates bidirectionally with an intermediate node between the device and the base station. The intermediate node in the topology of FIG. 7b may be an ambient IoT-enabled relay, an Integrated Access Backhaul (IAB) node, a UE, a repeater, etc. The intermediate node transmits ambient IoT data and / or signaling between the BS and the ambient IoT device.

[0100] Referring to FIG. 7c, an ambient IoT device transmits data / signaling to a base station and receives data / signaling from an assisting node. Alternatively, as illustrated in FIG. 7d, the ambient IoT device receives data / signaling from a base station and transmits data / signaling to an assisting node. The assisting node in the topology of FIGS. 7c and 7d may be an ambient IoT-enabled relay, IAB, UE, repeater, or the like.

[0101] Referring to FIG. 7e, the ambient IoT device communicates bidirectionally with the UE. Communication between the UE and the ambient IoT device includes transmission of ambient IoT data and / or signaling.

[0102] Ambient IoT terminals can be classified into three types as follows. They can be classified into two device types based on peak power consumption, and device type 2 is further subdivided into device 2a and device 2b based on the uplink signal generation method.

[0103] 1) Device 1: The device has a peak power consumption of approximately 1 μW or less, includes an energy storage device, and may have an initial sampling frequency offset (SFO) of up to 10X ppm. The device does not include DL and UL signal amplification, and the uplink transmission (UL transmission) is performed by backscattering using an externally provided carrier wave.

[0104] 2) Device 2a: The device has a peak power consumption of up to several hundred μW, includes an energy storage device, and may have an initial sampling frequency offset (SFO) of up to 10X ppm. The device may include DL and / or UL signal amplification capabilities, and the uplink transmission (UL transmission) may be performed by backscattering using an externally provided carrier wave.

[0105] 3) Device 2b: The device has a peak power consumption of up to several hundred μW, includes an energy storage device, and may have an initial sampling frequency offset (SFO) of up to 10X ppm. The device may include DL and / or UL signal amplification capabilities, and the uplink transmission (UL transmission) may be generated directly within the device.

[0106] Among the ambient IoT topologies described above, 3GPP has approved research on topology 1 of Fig. 7a and topology 2 of Fig. 7b. In addition, a CW node that transmits a carrier wave (CW) signal for backscattering-based uplink transmission of an ambient IoT terminal is also supported in topologies 1 and 2, either within the topology (e.g., BS of topologies 1&2 or an intermediate node (i.e., UE) of topology 2) or outside the topology (i.e., a separate CW node).

[0107] In this specification, when expressing a link between a reader and an ambient IoT device, transmission from the reader to the ambient IoT device is referred to as R2D (Reader to Device) transmission, and conversely, transmission from the ambient IoT device to the reader is referred to as D2R (Device to Reader) transmission. Here, the reader may be a base station of the topology 1 (Fig. 7a) or an intermediate node, i.e., a UE, of the topology 2 (Fig. 7b). In addition, a physical channel for R2D transmission is referred to as PRDCH (Physical Reader to Device Channel), and a physical channel for D2R transmission is referred to as PDRCH (Physical Device to Reader Channel).

[0108] Each of the PRDCH and PDRCH may include at least one of a preamble, a midamble, and a postamble in addition to a data transmission part, and the present invention is not limited by the specific structures of the PRDCH and PDRCH.

[0109] In this specification, ambient IoT devices can be expressed as ambient IoT terminals, IoT devices, IoT terminals, devices, devices, or terminals. Furthermore, leaders can be expressed as base stations, intermediate nodes, or general terminals.

[0110] As previously described, ambient IoT terminals can support backscattering transmission using external CW signals during uplink transmission, depending on the device type, or can generate and transmit uplink signals themselves. Furthermore, the application of uplink transmission power amplification varies depending on the device type, which can also impact uplink coverage.

[0111] Additionally, modulation methods such as OOK (On-Off Keying)-1, OOK-4, or BPSK (Binary Phase Shift Keying) are being considered for uplink transmission of ambient IoT devices, but additional modulation methods may also be included.

[0112] The present invention proposes a method for configuring a dynamic access frame for wireless connection / communication between an ambient IoT device and a base station or reader. For convenience of explanation, the term "dynamic access frame" is used in this specification; however, the present invention is not limited by this term. For example, the contents of the present invention can be equally applied even if various terms such as "dynamic IoT frame," "IoT frame," or "IoT access frame" are used.

[0113] Furthermore, the present invention assumes TDMA (Time Division Multiple Access) as a multiple access method for uplink transmission from multiple IoT devices to a leader, and assumes PDRCH transmission through a contention-based access method between multiple IoT devices. As an example, an access frame configuration method to support contention-based access in the slotted ALOHA method is proposed.

[0114] A base station and / or a reader can trigger / (re-)configure a dynamic contention-based access frame for the purpose of inventory, command or other use case of an ambient IoT device. A dynamic contention-based access frame is composed of one or more access slots. Here, an access slot may be referred to by various names such as IoT slot, access occasion, IoT occasion, etc., and means a unit of time for one ambient IoT device to transmit one PDRCH, and the access slot length may have an arbitrary fixed value or may have a variable length depending on the transmission block size, modulation scheme, chip length and / or midamble included in one PDRCH. Alternatively, an access slot may be a length of time for transmitting one PRDCH. It can mean a time unit, and its length can also have a fixed value or be variable. Access slots can be divided into PDRCH slots and PRDCH slots, or can be used without distinction. Alternatively, only PDRCH slots for PDRCH transmission can be defined, so that the access slot or slot refers only to the corresponding PDRCH transmission slot.

[0115] For convenience of explanation, the dynamic contention-based access frame for PRDCH reception and PDRCH transmission of an IoT device is simply referred to as a frame or access frame in the following.

[0116] A base station and / or a reader can trigger an access frame for the purpose of inventory or commanding an ambient IoT device. The access frame is triggered by the base station or the reader transmitting a PRDCH including an access frame triggering message to an ambient IoT device within its coverage area. The access frame triggering message can include at least the purpose of triggering the access frame. Here, the access frame is an information field for distinguishing use cases, through which whether the purpose is inventory or command can be conveyed to the IoT device.

[0117] Alternatively, the use case of the access frame can be implicitly transmitted. For example, one or more access frame types can be defined, and access frame type configuration information can be transmitted to the IoT device via an access frame triggering message. That is, the access frame type is defined for each use case, such as access frame type 1, which consists of PRDCH transmission slots for commands (or response reception slots from IoT devices accordingly), or access frame type 2, which consists of one or more contention-based PDRCH slots for inventory. Based on this, by transmitting the access frame type configuration information upon access frame triggering, the use case of the access frame can be implicitly notified to the IoT device. That is, the access frame type information is information on the physical structure of the corresponding access frame, and accordingly, may be information on the structure of the access slot constituting the corresponding access frame.

[0118] An access frame triggering message may include at least information about the number of access slots (or PDRCH slots).

[0119] Additionally, the access frame triggering message may include at least CW signal configuration information for backscattering of the ambient IoT device. The CW signal configuration information may include at least one of a PRDCH transmission frequency channel on which the access frame triggering message is transmitted, a frequency offset value between CW signal frequency channels, CW signal period configuration information, and a frequency offset value between a CW signal and a PDRCH transmission frequency channel.

[0120] In addition, the access frame triggering message may include IoT channelization information at least in the frequency axis. The IoT channelization information may include information on the number of IoT frequency channels for PDRCH or PRDCH transmission and reception configured through the access frame triggering, frequency offset information between IoT frequency channels, CW signal reference information for PDRCH transmission for each IoT frequency channel (e.g., frequency offset information, period information, CW signal type setting information, etc. of the CW signal that serves as a reference for each channel), etc.

[0121] When an arbitrary IoT access frame is configured through a dynamic access frame configuration command, the base station and / or the reader may transmit an access slot configuration signal / message for each access slot. The access slot configuration signal / message may be a signal / message for indicating a boundary (e.g., a start point or an end point) of each access slot. Accordingly, the access slot configuration signal / message may include at least index information of the access slot. In addition, the access slot configuration signal / message may further include type information of the access slot. The access slot type may be information for setting whether the access slot is a PDRCH slot or a PRDCH slot. In addition, the access slot configuration signal / message may include configuration information related to CW signal transmission timing. Here, the access slot config. signal may be transmitted from the base station or the reader to the IoT device in the form of a preamble sequence, and the access slot config. message may be transmitted from the base station or the reader to the IoT device in the form of a message via a PRDCH including a preamble and / or a postamble (or additionally a midamble).

[0122] Below, we propose a method for a leader to construct a dynamic access frame based on topology 2 (i.e., the topology of Fig. 7b).

[0123] A leader can transmit a dynamic access frame request message to a base station for communication with IoT devices included within the coverage of the leader (e.g., an intermediate terminal). The dynamic access frame request message is a request for dynamic access frame triggering / (re-)configuration from the leader as described above, and may include all or part of information included in a dynamic access frame configuration (command) message (e.g., access frame type setting information, IoT channelization information, etc.). Alternatively, it may further include at least one of additional available / capable IoT channelization information, available / capable frequency band information, child IoT device type information (e.g., device type 1, 2a, or 2b as described above), coverage level, power control configuration information, CW signal request information, energy harvesting signal request information, and (expected) number of child IoT devices.

[0124] The base station transmits dynamic access frame configuration information to the leader, i.e., a reader-capable terminal, through RRC (radio resource control) signaling as a response message to the leader's dynamic access frame request. At this time, the dynamic access frame response message may include all or part of the information area included in the dynamic access frame configuration message described above. Alternatively, the dynamic access frame response message may additionally include at least one of available dynamic access frame time configuration information (e.g., time information at which the leader can configure IoT channels / radio resources for connection with child IoT devices through dynamic access frame configuration based on the base station's dynamic access frame response message, or periodic dynamic access frame time configuration information, i.e., period, offset, duration configuration information, etc.) and energy harvesting signal configuration information (e.g., frequency and time resource allocation information for energy harvesting signal transmission, etc.).

[0125] Additionally, the base station can enable / disable resource configuration information for dynamic access frame configuration in the leader, included in the dynamic access frame response message, through RRC signaling, or activate / deactivate it through MAC (medium access control) CE (control element) signaling, L1 (layer 1) control signaling.

[0126] FIG. 8 is a diagram for explaining dynamic access frame configuration according to one embodiment of the present specification.

[0127] Referring to FIG. 8, a base station or a reader (e.g., a reader-capable terminal) may transmit access frame configuration information / command to an IoT device to configure an IoT access frame. Based on the received access frame configuration information / command, the IoT device performs access frame configuration for uplink transmission to the base station or the reader. Additionally, the base station or the reader may transmit access slot configuration information / command for each access slot. The access slot configuration information / command may indicate the boundary of each access slot. For example, it may indicate the start point and / or the end point of each access slot. In addition, the access slot configuration information / command may include index information of the corresponding access slot. Through this, IoT devices that receive access slot configuration information / commands can configure each access slot based on this.

[0128] In addition, the access slot configuration information / command may further include index information of the corresponding access slot. In addition, the access slot configuration information / command may further include type information of the corresponding access slot. The type information of the access slot may be information for setting whether the corresponding access slot is a PDRCH slot or a PRDCH slot, and the IoT device performs PDRCH transmission and / or PRDCH reception based on this.

[0129] Meanwhile, the access frame configuration message described above may be a paging message for triggering PRDCH and PDRCH transmission and reception for one ambient IoT device or a group of ambient IoT devices for the purpose of inventory or command. That is, the access frame configuration may trigger CBRA (Contention Based Random Access) or CFRA (Contention Free Random Access) of the ambient IoT devices for a service type, thereby triggering PRDCH reception or PDRCH transmission of the ambient IoT device. For this purpose, the paging message may include information for setting an access occasion for the ambient IoT device. Additionally, for topology 2 (Fig. 7b), the access frame request message may also be a paging request message for the reader-capable terminal to trigger PRDCH and / or PDRCH transmission according to the service type between the reader and the ambient IoT device from the base station.

[0130] FIG. 9 is a flowchart illustrating an operation method of an ambient IoT terminal according to one embodiment of the present specification.

[0131] Referring to FIG. 9, an ambient IoT terminal receives a paging message from a base station or a reader-capable terminal (S901). Thereafter, the ambient IoT terminal determines an access frame for transmission of a Physical Device to Reader Channel (PDRCH) based on the received paging message (S902). Here, the paging message may include at least one of access frame configuration information for transmission of the PDRCH and service type information.

[0132] The above access frame configuration information may include at least one of information on the number of access opportunities constituting the access frame and frequency channelization information. Here, the frequency channelization information may include at least one of i) information on the number of IoT frequency channels for transmission and reception of a PDRCH or a PRDCH (Physical Reader to Device Channel), ii) offset information between each IoT frequency channel, and iii) carrier wave (CW) signal reference information for transmission of the PDRCH for each IoT frequency channel.

[0133] An ambient IoT terminal may receive a Physical Reader to Device Channel (PRDCH) or a preamble from a base station or a reader-capable terminal. The PRDCH or preamble may be for indicating a starting point of an access opportunity configured through a paging message. Here, the information indicating the starting point of the access opportunity may include at least one of an access opportunity index information, an access opportunity type information, and a carrier wave (CW) signal timing setting information.

[0134] Meanwhile, a paging transmission resource request message for the paging message may be transmitted from a reader-capable terminal to a base station, and the paging message may be received from the reader-capable terminal based on a response message from the base station to the paging transmission resource request message.

[0135] At least one of the paging transmission resource request message and the response message may include at least one of i) frequency resource setting information, ii) ambient IoT terminal type information, iii) coverage level setting information, iv) power control setting information, v) carrier wave (CW) signal request information, vi) energy harvesting request information, and vii) ambient IoT terminal number information.

[0136] The ambient IoT terminal can transmit a PDRCH to a base station or a leader-capable terminal through the access frame determined above.

[0137] The disclosures of this specification, as described so far, can be implemented through various means. For example, the disclosures of this specification can be implemented through hardware, firmware, software, or a combination thereof. Specifically, the disclosures will be described below with reference to the drawings.

[0138] Figure 10 illustrates a device according to one embodiment of the present specification.

[0139] Referring to FIG. 10, a wireless communication system may include a first device (100a) and a second device (100b).

[0140] The first device (100a) may be a base station, a network node, a transmitting terminal, a receiving terminal, a wireless device, a wireless communication device, a vehicle, a vehicle equipped with an autonomous driving function, a connected car, a drone (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle, UAV), an AI (Artificial Intelligence) module, a robot, an AR (Augmented Reality) device, a VR (Virtual Reality) device, an MR (Mixed Reality) device, a hologram device, a public safety device, an MTC device, an IoT device, a medical device, a fintech device (or a financial device), a security device, a climate / environmental device, a device related to 5G services, or any other device related to the 4th industrial revolution field.

[0141] The second device (100b) may be a base station, a network node, a transmitting terminal, a receiving terminal, a wireless device, a wireless communication device, a vehicle, a vehicle equipped with an autonomous driving function, a connected car, a drone (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle, UAV), an AI (Artificial Intelligence) module, a robot, an AR (Augmented Reality) device, a VR (Virtual Reality) device, an MR (Mixed Reality) device, a hologram device, a public safety device, an MTC device, an IoT device, a medical device, a fintech device (or a financial device), a security device, a climate / environmental device, a device related to 5G services, or any other device related to the 4th industrial revolution field.

[0142] The first device (100a) may include at least one processor, such as a processor (1020a), at least one memory, such as a memory (1010a), and at least one transceiver, such as a transceiver (1031a). The processor (1020a) may perform the functions, procedures, and / or methods described above. The processor (1020a) may perform one or more protocols. For example, the processor (1020a) may perform one or more layers of a wireless interface protocol. The memory (1010a) may be connected to the processor (1020a) and may store various types of information and / or commands. The transceiver (1031a) may be connected to the processor (1020a) and may be controlled to transmit and receive wireless signals.

[0143] The second device (100b) may include at least one processor, such as a processor (1020b), at least one memory device, such as a memory (1010b), and at least one transceiver, such as a transceiver (1031b). The processor (1020b) may perform the functions, procedures, and / or methods described above. The processor (1020b) may implement one or more protocols. For example, the processor (1020b) may implement one or more layers of a wireless interface protocol. The memory (1010b) may be connected to the processor (1020b) and may store various types of information and / or commands. The transceiver (1031b) may be connected to the processor (1020b) and may be controlled to transmit and receive wireless signals.

[0144] The memory (1010a) and / or the memory (1010b) may be connected internally or externally to the processor (1020a) and / or the processor (1020b), or may be connected to another processor via various technologies such as a wired or wireless connection.

[0145] The first device (100a) and / or the second device (100b) may have one or more antennas. For example, the antenna (1036a) and / or the antenna (1036b) may be configured to transmit and receive wireless signals.

[0146] Fig. 11 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a terminal according to one embodiment of the present specification.

[0147] In particular, FIG. 11 is a drawing illustrating the device of FIG. 10 in more detail.

[0148] The device includes a memory (1010), a processor (1020), a transceiver (1031), a power management module (1091), a battery (1092), a display (1041), an input unit (1053), a speaker (1042), and a microphone (1052), a subscriber identification module (SIM) card, and one or more antennas.

[0149] The processor (1020) may be configured to implement the proposed functions, procedures, and / or methods described herein. Layers of a radio interface protocol may be implemented in the processor (1020). The processor (1020) may include an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), other chipsets, logic circuits, and / or data processing devices. The processor (1020) may be an application processor (AP). The processor (1020) may include at least one of a digital signal processor (DSP), a central processing unit (CPU), a graphics processing unit (GPU), and a modem (modulator and demodulator). Examples of the processor (1020) may be a SNAPDRAGON™ series processor manufactured by Qualcomm®, an EXYNOSTM series processor manufactured by Samsung®, an A series processor manufactured by Apple®, a HELIO™ series processor manufactured by MediaTek®, an ATOM™ series processor manufactured by INTEL®, a KIRINTM series processor manufactured by HiSilicon®, or a corresponding next-generation processor.

[0150] The power management module (1091) manages power to the processor (1020) and / or the transceiver (1031). The battery (1092) supplies power to the power management module (1091). The display (1041) outputs the results processed by the processor (1020). The input unit (1053) receives input to be used by the processor (1020). The input unit (1053) can be displayed on the display (1041). A SIM card is an integrated circuit used to securely store an international mobile subscriber identity (IMSI) and its associated keys, which are used to identify and authenticate subscribers in mobile devices such as mobile phones and computers. Contact information can also be stored on many SIM cards.

[0151] The memory (1010) is operably coupled to the processor (1020) and stores various information for operating the processor (610). The memory (1010) may include a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), flash memory, a memory card, a storage medium, and / or other storage devices. When the embodiment is implemented in software, the techniques described herein may be implemented as modules (e.g., procedures, functions, etc.) that perform the functions described herein. The modules may be stored in the memory (1010) and executed by the processor (1020). The memory (1010) may be implemented within the processor (1020). Alternatively, the memory (1010) may be implemented external to the processor (1020) and communicatively connected to the processor (1020) via various means known in the art.

[0152] The transceiver (1031) is operably coupled to the processor (1020) and transmits and / or receives a radio signal. The transceiver (1031) includes a transmitter and a receiver. The transceiver (1031) may include baseband circuitry for processing a radio frequency signal. The transceiver controls one or more antennas to transmit and / or receive a radio signal. The processor (1020) transmits command information to the transceiver (1031) to initiate communication, for example, to transmit a radio signal constituting voice communication data. The antenna functions to transmit and receive radio signals. Upon receiving a radio signal, the transceiver (1031) may transmit the signal to the processor (1020) for processing and convert the signal to baseband. The processed signal may be converted into audible or readable information output through the speaker (1042).

[0153] The speaker (1042) outputs sound-related results processed by the processor (1020). The microphone (1052) receives sound-related input to be used by the processor (1020).

[0154] A user inputs command information, such as a phone number, for example, by pressing (or touching) a button on an input unit (1053) or by voice activation using a microphone (1052). The processor (1020) receives this command information and processes it to perform an appropriate function, such as dialing a phone number. Operational data can be extracted from a SIM card or memory (1010). In addition, the processor (1020) can display command information or operation information on a display (1041) for the user's recognition and convenience.

[0155] Figure 12 shows a block diagram of a processor in which the disclosure of this specification is implemented.

[0156] As can be seen from FIG. 12, the processor (1020) implementing the disclosure of the present specification may include multiple circuits to implement the proposed functions, procedures, and / or methods described herein. For example, the processor (1020) may include a first circuit (1020-1), a second circuit (1020-2), and a third circuit (1020-3). Furthermore, although not shown, the processor (1020) may include more circuits. Each circuit may include multiple transistors.

[0157] The above processor (1020) may be called an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) or an application processor (AP), and may include at least one of a digital signal processor (DSP), a central processing unit (CPU), and a graphics processing unit (GPU).

[0158] FIG. 13 is a block diagram showing in detail the transmitter / receiver of the first device illustrated in FIG. 10 or the transmitter / receiver unit of the device illustrated in FIG. 11.

[0159] Referring to FIG. 13, the transceiver unit (1031) includes a transmitter (1031-1) and a receiver (1031-2). The transmitter (1031-1) includes a Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) unit (1031-11), a subcarrier mapper (1031-12), an IFFT unit (1031-13), a CP insertion unit (1031-14), and a wireless transmitter unit (1031-15). The transmitter (1031-1) may further include a modulator. In addition, for example, the transmitter may further include a scramble unit (not shown), a modulation mapper (not shown), a layer mapper (not shown), and a layer permutator (not shown), which may be arranged before the DFT unit (1031-11). That is, in order to prevent an increase in PAPR (peak-to-average power ratio), the transmitter (1031-1) first passes the information through a DFT (1031-11) before mapping the signal to a subcarrier. The signal spread (or precoded in the same sense) by the DFT unit (1031-11) is mapped to a subcarrier through a subcarrier mapper (1031-12) and then passes through an IFFT (Inverse Fast Fourier Transform) unit (1031-13) to be converted into a signal on the time axis.

[0160] The DFT unit (1031-11) performs DFT on the input symbols and outputs complex-valued symbols. For example, if Ntx symbols are input (where Ntx is a natural number), the DFT size is Ntx. The DFT unit (1031-11) may be called a transform precoder. The subcarrier mapper (1031-12) maps the complex symbols to each subcarrier in the frequency domain. The complex symbols may be mapped to resource elements corresponding to resource blocks allocated for data transmission. The subcarrier mapper (1031-12) may be called a resource element mapper. The IFFT unit (1031-13) performs IFFT on the input symbols and outputs a baseband signal for data, which is a time-domain signal. The CP insertion unit (1031-14) copies a portion of the rear portion of the baseband signal for data and inserts it into the front portion of the baseband signal for data. CP insertion prevents ISI (Inter-Symbol Interference) and ICI (Inter-Carrier Interference), thereby maintaining orthogonality even in multipath channels.

[0161] On the other hand, the receiver (1031-2) includes a wireless reception unit (1031-21), a CP removal unit (1031-22), an FFT unit (1031-23), and an equalization unit (1031-24). The wireless reception unit (1031-21), the CP removal unit (1031-22), and the FFT unit (1031-23) of the receiver (1031-2) perform the inverse functions of the wireless transmission unit (1031-15), the CP insertion unit (1031-14), and the IFF unit (1031-13) of the transmitter (1031-1). The receiver (1031-2) may further include a demodulator.

[0162] Although the preferred embodiments have been described above by way of example, the disclosure of this specification is not limited to such specific embodiments, and may be modified, changed, or improved in various forms within the scope described in the spirit and claims of this specification.

[0163] In the exemplary system described above, the methods are described based on a flowchart as a series of steps or blocks. However, the order of the steps described is not limited, and some steps may occur in a different order or simultaneously with other steps described above. Furthermore, those skilled in the art will understand that the steps depicted in the flowchart are not exclusive, and other steps may be included, or one or more steps in the flowchart may be deleted without affecting the scope of the invention.

[0164] The claims set forth in this specification may be combined in various ways. For example, the technical features of the method claims of this specification may be combined and implemented as a device, and the technical features of the device claims of this specification may be combined and implemented as a method. Furthermore, the technical features of the method claims and the technical features of the device claims of this specification may be combined and implemented as a device, and the technical features of the method claims and the technical features of the device claims of this specification may be combined and implemented as a method.

Claims

1. In a method for operating an ambient IoT (Internet of Things) terminal in a wireless communication system, A step of receiving a paging message from a base station or a reader-capable terminal; and A step of determining an access frame for transmission of a PDRCH (Physical Device to Reader Channel) based on the received paging message, A method wherein the paging message includes access frame setup information and service type information for transmission of the PDRCH.

2. In paragraph 1, A method wherein the access frame configuration information includes at least one of information on the number of access opportunities constituting the access frame and frequency channelization information.

3. In paragraph 2, A method wherein the frequency channelization information includes at least one of i) information on the number of IoT frequency channels for transmission and reception of the PDRCH or PRDCH (Physical Reader to Device Channel), ii) offset information between each IoT frequency channel, and iii) carrier wave (CW) signal reference information for transmission of the PDRCH for each IoT frequency channel.

4. In paragraph 1, Further comprising a step of receiving a PRDCH (Physical Reader to Device Channel) or a preamble from the base station or the reader-capable terminal, A method wherein the PRDCH or the preamble is for indicating the starting point of an access opportunity configured through the paging message.

5. In paragraph 4, A method in which information indicating a starting point of the access opportunity includes at least one of index information of the access opportunity, type information of the access opportunity, and carrier wave (CW) signal timing setting information.

6. In paragraph 1, A method in which a paging transmission resource request message for the paging message is transmitted from the reader-capable terminal to the base station, and the paging message is received from the reader-capable terminal based on a response message from the base station to the paging transmission resource request message.

7. In paragraph 6, A method wherein at least one of the paging transmission resource request message and the response message includes at least one of i) frequency resource setting information, ii) ambient IoT terminal type information, iii) coverage level setting information, iv) power control setting information, v) carrier wave (CW) signal request information, vi) energy harvesting request information, and vii) ambient IoT terminal number information.

8. In paragraph 1, A method further comprising the step of transmitting the PDRCH to the base station or the leader-capable terminal through the determined access frame.

9. As an ambient IoT (Internet of Things) terminal in a wireless communication system, at least one processor; and At least one memory storing instructions and being operably electrically connectable to the at least one processor, wherein the operations performed based on the instructions being executed by the at least one processor are: A step of receiving a paging message from a base station or a reader-capable terminal, and A step of determining an access frame for transmission of a PDRCH (Physical Device to Reader Channel) based on the received paging message, An ambient IoT terminal, wherein the paging message includes access frame setup information and service type information for transmission of the PDRCH.

10. In paragraph 9, An ambient IoT terminal, wherein the access frame configuration information includes at least one of information on the number of access opportunities constituting the access frame and frequency channelization information.

11. In paragraph 10, An ambient IoT terminal, wherein the frequency channelization information includes at least one of i) information on the number of IoT frequency channels for transmission and reception of the PDRCH or PRDCH (Physical Reader to Device Channel), ii) offset information between each IoT frequency channel, and iii) carrier wave (CW) signal reference information for transmission of the PDRCH for each IoT frequency channel.

12. In paragraph 9, Based on the above instruction being executed by the at least one processor, the operations performed are: Further comprising a step of receiving a PRDCH (Physical Reader to Device Channel) or a preamble from the base station or the reader-capable terminal, An ambient IoT terminal, wherein the PRDCH or the preamble is intended to indicate the starting point of an access opportunity configured through the paging message.

13. In paragraph 12, An ambient IoT terminal, wherein information indicating a starting point of the access opportunity includes at least one of index information of the access opportunity, type information of the access opportunity, and carrier wave (CW) signal timing setting information.

14. In paragraph 9, An ambient IoT terminal, wherein a paging transmission resource request message for the paging message is transmitted from the reader-capable terminal to the base station, and the paging message is received from the reader-capable terminal based on a response message from the base station to the paging transmission resource request message.

15. In paragraph 14, An ambient IoT terminal, wherein at least one of the paging transmission resource request message and the response message includes at least one of i) frequency resource setting information, ii) ambient IoT terminal type information, iii) coverage level setting information, iv) power control setting information, v) carrier wave (CW) signal request information, vi) energy harvesting request information, and vii) ambient IoT terminal number information.

16. In paragraph 9, Based on the above instruction being executed by the at least one processor, the operations performed are: An ambient IoT terminal further comprising a step of transmitting the PDRCH to the base station or the reader-capable terminal through the determined access frame.

Images