Method and device for transmitting uplink physical channel by ambient IoT terminal

Abstract

Provided are a method and a device for transmitting an uplink physical channel by an ambient IoT terminal in a wireless communication system. This ambient IoT terminal determines a Physical Device to Reader Channel (PDRCH) transmission format. Then, the ambient IoT terminal performs PDRCH transmission to a base station or a reader-capable terminal on the basis of the determined PDRCH transmission format, wherein the PDRCH transmission format is determined on the basis of at least one among a modulation scheme parameter, a chip length parameter, a transport block size (TBS) parameter, and a cyclic redundancy check (CRC) length parameter.

Description

Method and device for uplink physical channel transmission of ambient IoT terminals

[0001] This specification relates to wireless communications applicable to 5G NR, 5G-Advanced and 6G.

[0002] As more and more communication devices demand ever-increasing communication traffic, the need for next-generation 5G systems, which offer enhanced wireless broadband communication capabilities over existing LTE systems, is growing. This next-generation 5G system, known as NewRAT, differentiates communication scenarios into Enhanced Mobile BroadBand (eMBB), Ultra-reliability and low-latency communication (URLLC), and Massive Machine-Type Communications (mMTC).

[0003] Here, eMBB is a next-generation mobile communication scenario with characteristics such as High Spectrum Efficiency, High User Experienced Data Rate, and High Peak Data Rate; URLLC is a next-generation mobile communication scenario with characteristics such as Ultra Reliable, Ultra Low Latency, and Ultra High Availability (e.g., V2X, Emergency Service, and Remote Control); and mMTC is a next-generation mobile communication scenario with characteristics such as Low Cost, Low Energy, Short Packet, and Massive Connectivity (e.g., IoT (Internet of Things)).

[0004] An object of the present specification is to provide a method and device for uplink physical channel transmission of an ambient IoT terminal in a wireless communication system.

[0005] One embodiment of the present specification provides a method in which, in a wireless communication system, an ambient IoT terminal determines a Physical Device to Reader Channel (PDRCH) transmission format. Then, the ambient IoT terminal performs PDRCH transmission to a base station or a reader-capable terminal based on the determined PDRCH transmission format, wherein the PDRCH transmission format is determined based on at least one of a modulation scheme parameter, a chip length parameter, a transport block size (TBS) parameter, and a cyclic redundancy check (CRC) length parameter.

[0006] In addition, one embodiment of the present specification provides an ambient IoT terminal, comprising at least one processor in a wireless communication system, and at least one memory storing instructions and being operably electrically connectable to the at least one processor, wherein the operations performed based on the instructions being executed by the at least one processor include: determining a Physical Device to Reader Channel (PDRCH) transmission format; and performing PDRCH transmission to a base station or a reader-capable terminal based on the determined PDRCH transmission format, wherein the PDRCH transmission format is determined based on at least one of a modulation scheme parameter, a chip length parameter, a transport block size (TBS) parameter, and a cyclic redundancy check (CRC) length parameter.

[0007] Ambient IoT terminals can receive information for determining a PDRCH transmission format from a base station or a reader-capable terminal.

[0008] The PDRCH transmission format may be determined by at least one of the type and capability of the ambient IoT terminal. Alternatively, the PDRCH transmission format may be determined by at least one of a channel status and a coverage level between the base station or the reader-capable terminal and the ambient IoT terminal. The ambient IoT terminal may receive assistance information from the base station or the reader-capable terminal, and the assistance information may be associated with at least one of the channel status and the coverage level.

[0009] Meanwhile, information on the determined PDRCH transmission format can be transmitted through the PDRCH transmission. Specifically, information on the determined PDRCH transmission format can be transmitted through a preamble during the PDRCH transmission.

[0010] According to the disclosure of this specification, uplink physical channel transmission of an ambient IoT terminal that transmits data using backscattering in a wireless communication system can be efficiently performed.

[0011] Figure 1 is a diagram illustrating a wireless communication system.

[0012] Figure 2 illustrates the structure of a radio frame used in NR.

[0013] Figures 3a to 3c are exemplary diagrams showing exemplary architectures for wireless communication services.

[0014] Figure 4 illustrates the slot structure of an NR frame.

[0015] Figure 5 illustrates an example of subframe types in NR.

[0016] Figure 6 illustrates the structure of a self-contained slot.

[0017] Figures 7a to 7e illustrate examples of connectivity topologies for ambient IoT networks and devices.

[0018] FIG. 8 is a diagram for explaining dynamic access frame configuration according to one embodiment of the present specification.

[0019] FIG. 9 is a flowchart illustrating an operation method of an ambient IoT terminal according to one embodiment of the present specification.

[0020] Figure 10 illustrates a device according to one embodiment of the present specification.

[0021] Fig. 11 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a terminal according to one embodiment of the present specification.

[0022] Figure 12 shows a block diagram of a processor in which the disclosure of this specification is implemented.

[0023] FIG. 13 is a block diagram showing in detail the transmitter / receiver of the first device illustrated in FIG. 10 or the transmitter / receiver unit of the device illustrated in FIG. 11.

[0024] It should be noted that the technical terms used in this specification are used merely to describe specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the contents of this specification. In addition, unless specifically defined otherwise herein, the technical terms used in this specification should be interpreted as having a meaning generally understood by those skilled in the art to which this specification pertains, and should not be interpreted in an excessively broad or narrow sense. In addition, if a technical term used in this specification is an incorrect technical term that does not accurately express the contents and ideas of this specification, it should be replaced with a technical term that can be correctly understood by a person skilled in the art. In addition, general terms used in this specification should be interpreted according to their dictionary definitions or according to the preceding and following context, and should not be interpreted in an excessively narrow sense.

[0025] Additionally, the singular expressions used herein include plural expressions unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. In this application, terms such as "consist of" or "have" should not be construed to necessarily include all of the components or steps described in the specification, and should be construed to mean that some of the components or steps may not be included, or that additional components or steps may be included.

[0026] Additionally, terms including ordinal numbers, such as "first" and "second," used herein may be used to describe various components, but these components should not be limited by these terms. These terms are used solely to distinguish one component from another. For example, without departing from the scope of the present invention, a first component could be referred to as a second component, and similarly, a second component could also be referred to as a first component.

[0027] When a component is referred to as being connected or connected to another component, it may be directly connected or connected to that other component, but there may also be other components intervening. Conversely, when a component is referred to as being directly connected or connected to another component, it should be understood that there are no other components intervening.

[0028] Hereinafter, embodiments will be described in detail with reference to the attached drawings. Regardless of the drawing reference numerals, identical or similar components will be given the same reference numerals, and redundant descriptions thereof will be omitted. In addition, when describing the contents of this specification, if a detailed description of a related known technology is judged to obscure the gist of this specification, the detailed description thereof will be omitted. In addition, it should be noted that the attached drawings are only intended to make the contents and ideas of this specification easily understandable, and should not be construed as limiting the contents and ideas of this specification by the attached drawings. The contents and ideas of this specification should be construed to extend to all changes, equivalents, and substitutes other than the attached drawings.

[0029] In this specification, “A or B” can mean “only A,” “only B,” or “both A and B.” In other words, “A or B” in this specification can be interpreted as “A and / or B.” For example, “A, B or C” in this specification can mean “only A,” “only B,” “only C,” or “any combination of A, B, and C.”

[0030] As used herein, a slash ( / ) or a comma can mean "and / or." For example, "A / B" can mean "A and / or B." Accordingly, "A / B" can mean "only A," "only B," or "both A and B." For example, "A, B, C" can mean "A, B, or C."

[0031] In this specification, “at least one of A and B” may mean “only A,” “only B,” or “both A and B.” Additionally, in this specification, the expressions “at least one of A or B” or “at least one of A and / or B” may be interpreted identically to “at least one of A and B.”

[0032] Additionally, in this specification, “at least one of A, B and C” can mean “only A,” “only B,” “only C,” or “any combination of A, B and C.” Additionally, “at least one of A, B or C” or “at least one of A, B and / or C” can mean “at least one of A, B and C.”

[0033] Additionally, parentheses used in this specification may mean “for example.” Specifically, when “control information (PDCCH)” is indicated, “PDCCH (Physical Downlink Control Channel)” may be suggested as an example of “control information.” In other words, “control information” in this specification is not limited to “PDCCH,” and “PDDCH” may be suggested as an example of “control information.” Furthermore, even when indicated as “control information (i.e., PDCCH),” “PDCCH” may be suggested as an example of “control information.”

[0034] Technical features individually described in a single drawing in this specification may be implemented individually or simultaneously.

[0035] Although the attached drawing illustrates a UE (User Equipment) as an example, the illustrated UE may also be referred to as a terminal, ME (Mobile Equipment), etc. In addition, the UE may be a portable device such as a laptop, mobile phone, PDA, smart phone, multimedia device, etc., or a non-portable device such as a PC or vehicle-mounted device.

[0036] Hereinafter, the term "UE" is used as an example of a device capable of wireless communication (e.g., a wireless communication device, a wireless device, or a wireless device). The operations performed by the UE can be performed by any device capable of wireless communication. A device capable of wireless communication may also be referred to as a wireless communication device, a wireless device, or a wireless device.

[0037] The term base station used below generally refers to a fixed station that communicates with wireless devices, and can be used as a comprehensive term that includes eNodeB (evolved-NodeB), eNB (evolved-NodeB), BTS (Base Transceiver System), Access Point, gNB (Next generation NodeB), RRH (remote radio head), TP (transmission point), RP (reception point), relay, etc.

[0038] Although this specification describes embodiments using LTE systems, LTE-A systems, and NR systems, these embodiments may be applied to any communication system falling within the above definitions.

[0039] Wireless Communication System

[0040] Building on the success of LTE (long term evolution) / LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) for 4th generation mobile communications, commercialization of the next generation, or 5th generation (so-called 5G) mobile communications, and follow-up research are also ongoing.

[0041] The International Telecommunication Union (ITU) defines 5G mobile communications as providing data transfer speeds of up to 20 Gbps and a perceived transmission speed of at least 100 Mbps everywhere. Its official name is "IMT-2020."

[0042] ITU proposes three usage scenarios: eMBB (enhanced Mobile BroadBand), mMTC (massive Machine Type Communication), and URLLC (Ultra Reliable and Low Latency Communications).

[0043] URLLC addresses usage scenarios that require high reliability and low latency. For example, services such as autonomous driving, factory automation, and augmented reality require high reliability and low latency (e.g., sub-1ms). Current 4G (LTE) latency is statistically 21-43ms (best 10%) and 33-75ms (median). This is insufficient to support services requiring sub-1ms latency. Next, eMBB usage scenarios address usage scenarios that require mobile ultra-wideband.

[0044] In other words, the 5th generation mobile communication system can support higher capacity than the current 4G LTE, increase the density of mobile broadband users, and support D2D (Device to Device), high reliability, and MTC (Machine-type communication). 5G research and development also aims for lower latency and lower battery consumption than 4G mobile communication systems to better implement the Internet of Things. For this 5G mobile communication, a new radio access technology (New RAT or NR) may be proposed.

[0045] The NR frequency band can be defined by two types of frequency ranges (FR1, FR2). The numerical values ​​of the frequency ranges can be changed, and for example, the two types of frequency ranges (FR1, FR2) can be as shown in Table 1 below. For convenience of explanation, among the frequency ranges used in the NR system, FR1 can mean the “sub 6 GHz range”, and FR2 can mean the “above 6 GHz range” and can be called millimeter wave (mmW).

[0046] Frequency Range designationCorresponding frequency rangeSubcarrier SpacingFR1410MHz - 7125MHz15, 30, 60kHzFR224250MHz - 52600MHz60, 120, 240kHz

[0047] The numerical value of the frequency range of the NR system can be changed. For example, FR1 can include a band from 410 MHz to 7125 MHz, as shown in Table 1. That is, FR1 can include frequency bands above 6 GHz (or 5850, 5900, 5925 MHz, etc.). For example, the frequency bands above 6 GHz (or 5850, 5900, 5925 MHz, etc.) included within FR1 can include unlicensed bands. Unlicensed bands can be used for various purposes, such as for vehicle communications (e.g., autonomous driving).

[0048] Meanwhile, 3GPP-based communication standards define downlink physical channels corresponding to resource elements that carry information originating from upper layers, and downlink physical signals corresponding to resource elements that are used by the physical layer but do not carry information originating from upper layers. For example, the physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH), physical broadcast channel (PBCH), physical multicast channel (PMCH), physical control format indicator channel (PCFICH), physical downlink control channel (PDCCH), and physical hybrid ARQ indicator channel (PHICH) are defined as downlink physical channels, and reference signals and synchronization signals are defined as downlink physical signals. A reference signal (RS), also referred to as a pilot, is a signal with a special predefined waveform known to the gNB and the UE. For example, cell specific RS, UE-specific RS (UE-RS), positioning RS (PRS), and channel state information RS (CSI-RS) are defined as downlink reference signals. The 3GPP LTE / LTE-A standard defines uplink physical channels corresponding to resource elements carrying information originating from higher layers, and uplink physical signals corresponding to resource elements used by the physical layer but not carrying information originating from higher layers.For example, a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH), a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH), and a physical random access channel (PRACH) are defined as uplink physical channels, and a demodulation reference signal (DMRS) for uplink control / data signals and a sounding reference signal (SRS) used for uplink channel measurement are defined.

[0049] In this specification, PDCCH (Physical Downlink Control CHannel) / PCFICH (Physical Control Format Indicator CHannel) / PHICH ((Physical Hybrid automatic retransmit request Indicator CHannel) / PDSCH (Physical Downlink Shared CHannel) mean a set of time-frequency resources or a set of resource elements that carry DCI (Downlink Control Information) / CFI (Control Format Indicator) / downlink ACK / NACK (ACKnowlegement / Negative ACK) / downlink data, respectively. In addition, PUCCH (Physical Uplink Control CHannel) / PUSCH (Physical Uplink Shared CHannel) / PRACH (Physical Random Access CHannel) mean a set of time-frequency resources or a set of resource elements that carry UCI (Uplink Control Information) / uplink data / random access signals, respectively.

[0050] Figure 1 is a diagram illustrating a wireless communication system.

[0051] As can be seen from FIG. 1, the wireless communication system includes at least one base station (BS). The BS is divided into a gNodeB (or gNB) (20a) and an eNodeB (or eNB) (20b). The gNB (20a) supports 5th generation mobile communications. The eNB (20b) supports 4th generation mobile communications, i.e., long term evolution (LTE).

[0052] Each base station (20a and 20b) provides communication services for a specific geographic area (commonly referred to as a cell) (20-1, 20-2, 20-3). The cell may be further divided into multiple areas (referred to as sectors).

[0053] A UE (user equipment) typically belongs to a single cell, and the cell to which the UE belongs is called a serving cell. The base station that provides communication services for the serving cell is called a serving base station (BS). Since the wireless communication system is a cellular system, there are other cells adjacent to the serving cell. These other cells adjacent to the serving cell are called neighbor cells. The base station that provides communication services to the neighbor cell is called a neighbor BS. The serving cell and neighbor cells are determined relative to the UE.

[0054] Hereinafter, downlink refers to communication from a base station (20) to a UE (10), and uplink refers to communication from a UE (10) to a base station (20). In downlink, the transmitter may be part of the base station (20), and the receiver may be part of the UE (10). In uplink, the transmitter may be part of the UE (10), and the receiver may be part of the base station (20).

[0055] Meanwhile, wireless communication systems can be broadly divided into frequency division duplex (FDD) and time division duplex (TDD). In FDD, uplink and downlink transmissions occupy different frequency bands and occur at different times. In TDD, uplink and downlink transmissions occupy the same frequency band but occur at different times. The channel response in TDD is essentially reciprocal, meaning that the downlink and uplink channel responses are nearly identical in a given frequency range. Therefore, in TDD-based wireless communication systems, the downlink channel response can be derived from the uplink channel response, which is advantageous. In TDD, uplink and downlink transmissions are time-divided across the entire frequency band, so downlink transmission by the base station and uplink transmission by the UE cannot be performed simultaneously. In TDD systems, where uplink and downlink transmissions are divided into subframes, uplink and downlink transmissions are performed in different subframes.

[0056] Figure 2 illustrates the structure of a radio frame used in NR.

[0057] In NR, uplink and downlink transmissions are structured as frames. A radio frame is 10ms long and is defined by two 5ms half-frames (HF). Each half-frame is defined by five 1ms subframes (SF). A subframe is divided into one or more slots, and the number of slots in a subframe depends on the subcarrier spacing (SCS). Each slot contains 12 or 14 OFDM(A) symbols, depending on the cyclic prefix (CP). When a normal CP is used, each slot contains 14 symbols. When an extended CP is used, each slot contains 12 symbols. Here, the symbols may include OFDM symbols (or CP-OFDM symbols), SC-FDMA symbols (or DFT-s-OFDM symbols).

[0058] Support for various numerologies

[0059] In NR systems, multiple numerologies may be provided to terminals as wireless communication technologies advance. For example, an SCS of 15 kHz supports a wide area in traditional cellular bands. An SCS of 30 kHz / 60 kHz supports dense urban environments, lower latency, and wider carrier bandwidth. An SCS of 60 kHz or higher supports a bandwidth greater than 24.25 GHz to overcome phase noise.

[0060] The above numerology can be defined by the cycle prefix (CP) length and subcarrier spacing (SCS). A single cell can provide multiple numerologies to a terminal. When the numerology index is represented by μ, each subcarrier spacing and the corresponding CP length can be as shown in the table below.

[0061] μ△f=2 μ 15 [kHz]CP015 General 130 General 260 General, Extended 3120 General 4240 General 5480 General 6960 General

[0062] For general CP, when the index of the numerology is represented by μ, the number of OFDM symbols per slot (N slot symb ), number of slots per frame (N frame,μ slot ) and the number of slots per subframe (N subframe,μ slot ) is as shown in the table below.

[0063] μ△f=2 μ 15 [kHz]N slot symb N frame,μ slot N subframe,μ slot 015141011301420226014404312014808424014160165480143203269601464064

[0064] For extended CP, when the index of the numerology is represented by μ, the number of OFDM symbols per slot (N slot symb ), number of slots per frame (N frame,μ slot ) and the number of slots per subframe (N subframe,μ slot ) is as shown in the table below.

[0065] μSCS (15*2 u )N slot symb N frame,μ slot N subframe,μslot 260KHz (u=2)12404

[0066] In an NR system, OFDM(A) numerology (e.g., SCS, CP length, etc.) may be set differently between multiple cells that are merged into a single terminal. Accordingly, the (absolute time) interval of a time resource (e.g., SF, slot, or TTI) (conveniently referred to as TU (Time Unit)) consisting of the same number of symbols may be set differently between the merged cells.

[0067] Figures 3a to 3c are exemplary diagrams showing exemplary architectures for wireless communication services.

[0068] Referring to FIG. 3a, the UE is connected to an LTE / LTE-A-based cell and an NR-based cell in a DC (dual connectivity) manner.

[0069] The above NR-based cell is connected to the core network for existing 4th generation mobile communication, i.e. Evolved Packet Core (EPC).

[0070] Referring to FIG. 3b, unlike FIG. 3a, the LTE / LTE-A-based cell is connected to a core network for 5th generation mobile communication, i.e., a 5G core network.

[0071] A service method based on an architecture as illustrated in Figures 3a and 3b above is called NSA (non-standalone).

[0072] Referring to Figure 3c, the UE is connected only to NR-based cells. A service method based on this architecture is called SA (standalone).

[0073] Meanwhile, in the above NR, it may be considered that reception from the base station utilizes a downlink subframe, and transmission to the base station utilizes an uplink subframe. This method can be applied to paired and unpaired spectrums. A pair of spectrums means that two carrier spectrums are included for downlink and uplink operations. For example, in a pair of spectrums, one carrier may include a downlink band and an uplink band that are paired with each other.

[0074] Figure 4 illustrates the slot structure of an NR frame.

[0075] A slot contains multiple symbols in the time domain. For example, in the case of a normal CP, one slot contains 14 symbols, but in the case of an extended CP, one slot contains 12 symbols. A carrier contains multiple subcarriers in the frequency domain. An RB (Resource Block) is defined as multiple (e.g., 12) consecutive subcarriers in the frequency domain. A BWP (Bandwidth Part) is defined as multiple consecutive (physical, P)RBs in the frequency domain, and can correspond to a single numerology (e.g., SCS, CP length, etc.). A terminal can be configured with up to N (e.g., 4) BWPs in the downlink and uplink, respectively. Downlink or uplink transmission is performed through an activated BWP, and at a given time, only one BWP among the BWPs configured for the terminal can be activated. In the resource grid, each element is referred to as a Resource Element (RE), to which one complex symbol can be mapped.

[0076] Figure 5 illustrates an example of subframe types in NR.

[0077] The transmission time interval (TTI) illustrated in FIG. 5 may be referred to as a subframe or slot for NR (or new RAT). The subframe (or slot) of FIG. 5 may be used in a TDD system of NR (or new RAT) to minimize data transmission delay. As illustrated in FIG. 5, a subframe (or slot) includes 14 symbols. The symbols in the front of the subframe (or slot) may be used for a downlink (DL) control channel, and the symbols in the back of the subframe (or slot) may be used for an uplink (UL) control channel. The remaining symbols may be used for DL ​​data transmission or UL data transmission. According to this subframe (or slot) structure, downlink transmission and uplink transmission may be sequentially performed in one subframe (or slot). Therefore, downlink data may be received within a subframe (or slot), and an uplink acknowledgment (ACK / NACK) may be transmitted within the subframe (or slot).

[0078] The structure of these subframes (or slots) can be called self-contained subframes (or slots).

[0079] Specifically, the first N symbols in a slot are used to transmit a DL control channel (hereinafter, DL control region), and the last M symbols in the slot can be used to transmit a UL control channel (hereinafter, UL control region). N and M are each integers greater than or equal to 0. A resource region (hereinafter, data region) between the DL control region and the UL control region can be used for DL ​​data transmission or UL data transmission. For example, a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) can be transmitted in the DL control region, and a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) can be transmitted in the DL data region. A physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) can be transmitted in the UL control region, and a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) can be transmitted in the UL data region.

[0080] Using this subframe (or slot) structure has the advantage of minimizing the final data transmission latency by reducing the time required to retransmit data that has experienced reception errors. In this self-contained subframe (or slot) structure, a time gap may be required during the transition from transmit mode to receive mode or from receive mode to transmit mode. To this end, some OFDM symbols during the transition from DL to UL in the subframe structure can be designated as a guard period (GP).

[0081] Figure 6 illustrates the structure of a self-contained slot.

[0082] In an NR system, a frame is characterized by a self-contained structure in which a DL control channel, DL or UL data, and a UL control channel can all be included within a single slot. For example, the first N symbols within a slot can be used to transmit a DL control channel (hereinafter, referred to as a DL control region), and the last M symbols within a slot can be used to transmit a UL control channel (hereinafter, referred to as a UL control region). N and M are each integers greater than or equal to 0. The resource region (hereinafter, referred to as a data region) between the DL control region and the UL control region can be used for DL ​​data transmission or UL data transmission. As an example, the following configuration can be considered. Each section is listed in chronological order.

[0083] 1. DL only configuration

[0084] 2. UL only configuration

[0085] 3. Mixed UL-DL configuration

[0086] - DL area + GP (Guard Period) + UL control area

[0087] - DL control area + GP + UL area

[0088] DL area: (i) DL data area, (ii) DL control area + DL data area

[0089] UL domain: (i) UL data domain, (ii) UL data domain + UL control domain

[0090] In the DL control region, a PDCCH can be transmitted, and in the DL data region, a PDSCH can be transmitted. In the UL control region, a PUCCH can be transmitted, and in the UL data region, a PUSCH can be transmitted. In the PDCCH, downlink control information (DCI), for example, DL data scheduling information, UL data scheduling information, etc., can be transmitted. In the PUCCH, uplink control information (UCI), for example, ACK / NACK (Positive Acknowledgement / Negative Acknowledgement) information for DL ​​data, CSI (Channel State Information) information, SR (Scheduling Request), etc., can be transmitted. GP provides a time gap when a base station and a terminal switch from transmission mode to reception mode or when switching from reception mode to transmission mode. Some symbols at the time of switching from DL to UL within a subframe can be set as GP.

[0091] Figures 7a to 7e illustrate examples of connectivity topologies for ambient IoT networks and devices.

[0092] In recent years, IoT technology has garnered significant attention in wireless communications. IoT technology has evolved to connect a growing number of objects to enhance industrial productivity and quality of life. Examples include the Narrowband Internet of Things (NB-IoT) and enhanced Machine-Type Communication (eMTC) technologies defined in 3GPP. However, to build a more effective IoT ecosystem, improvements are needed in several areas, including the size, form factor, price, complexity, power consumption, and coverage of IoT devices.

[0093] A representative technology service of the IoT is Radio Frequency Identification (RFID). RFID boasts extremely low complexity and its tags have a very small form factor. However, its reading range is limited to a few meters, providing a very narrow coverage area. Furthermore, handheld scanning is labor-intensive, and the installation costs of RFID portals and gates make deployment expensive. Consequently, RFID has limitations in providing seamless service and coverage in large-scale networks.

[0094] To meet these needs, 3GPP is studying use cases and scenarios for IoT devices that support battery-less or energy harvesting, and is developing technologies to support IoT devices with higher requirements that cannot be met with existing IoT technologies.

[0095] A connectivity topology such as FIGS. 7a to 7e can be defined for ambient IoT networks and devices.

[0096] Referring to FIG. 7A, an ambient IoT device communicates directly and bidirectionally with a base station (BS). Communication between the BS and the ambient IoT device includes ambient IoT data and / or signaling. In the topology of FIG. 7A, the BS transmitting to the ambient IoT device may be different from the BS receiving from the ambient IoT device.

[0097] Referring to FIG. 7b, an ambient IoT device communicates bidirectionally with an intermediate node between the device and the base station. The intermediate node in the topology of FIG. 7b may be an ambient IoT-enabled relay, an Integrated Access Backhaul (IAB) node, a UE, a repeater, etc. The intermediate node transmits ambient IoT data and / or signaling between the BS and the ambient IoT device.

[0098] Referring to FIG. 7c, an ambient IoT device transmits data / signaling to a base station and receives data / signaling from an assisting node. Alternatively, as illustrated in FIG. 7d, the ambient IoT device receives data / signaling from a base station and transmits data / signaling to an assisting node. The assisting node in the topology of FIGS. 7c and 7d may be an ambient IoT-enabled relay, IAB, UE, repeater, or the like.

[0099] Referring to FIG. 7e, the ambient IoT device communicates bidirectionally with the UE. Communication between the UE and the ambient IoT device includes transmission of ambient IoT data and / or signaling.

[0100] Ambient IoT terminals can be classified into three types as follows. They can be classified into two device types based on peak power consumption, and device type 2 is further subdivided into device 2a and device 2b based on the uplink signal generation method.

[0101] 1) Device 1: The device has a peak power consumption of approximately 1 μW or less, includes an energy storage device, and may have an initial sampling frequency offset (SFO) of up to 10X ppm. The device does not include DL and UL signal amplification, and the uplink transmission (UL transmission) is performed by backscattering using an externally provided carrier wave.

[0102] 2) Device 2a: The device has a peak power consumption of up to several hundred μW, includes an energy storage device, and may have an initial sampling frequency offset (SFO) of up to 10X ppm. The device may include DL and / or UL signal amplification capabilities, and the uplink transmission (UL transmission) may be performed by backscattering using an externally provided carrier wave.

[0103] 3) Device 2b: The device has a peak power consumption of up to several hundred μW, includes an energy storage device, and may have an initial sampling frequency offset (SFO) of up to 10X ppm. The device may include DL and / or UL signal amplification capabilities, and the uplink transmission (UL transmission) may be generated directly within the device.

[0104] Among the ambient IoT topologies described above, 3GPP has approved research on topology 1 of Fig. 7a and topology 2 of Fig. 7b. In addition, a CW node that transmits a carrier wave (CW) signal for backscattering-based uplink transmission of an ambient IoT terminal is also supported in topologies 1 and 2, either within the topology (e.g., BS of topologies 1&2 or an intermediate node (i.e., UE) of topology 2) or outside the topology (i.e., a separate CW node).

[0105] In this specification, when expressing a link between a reader and an ambient IoT device, transmission from the reader to the ambient IoT device is referred to as R2D (Reader to Device) transmission, and conversely, transmission from the ambient IoT device to the reader is referred to as D2R (Device to Reader) transmission. Here, the reader may be a base station of the topology 1 (Fig. 7a) or an intermediate node, i.e., a UE, of the topology 2 (Fig. 7b). In addition, a physical channel for R2D transmission is referred to as PRDCH (Physical Reader to Device Channel), and a physical channel for D2R transmission is referred to as PDRCH (Physical Device to Reader Channel).

[0106] Each of the PRDCH and PDRCH may include at least one of a preamble, a midamble, and a postamble in addition to a data transmission part, and the present invention is not limited by the specific structures of the PRDCH and PDRCH.

[0107] In this specification, ambient IoT devices can be expressed as ambient IoT terminals, IoT devices, IoT terminals, devices, devices, or terminals. Furthermore, leaders can be expressed as base stations, intermediate nodes, or general terminals.

[0108] As previously described, ambient IoT terminals can support backscattering transmission using external CW signals during uplink transmission, depending on the device type, or can generate and transmit uplink signals themselves. Furthermore, the application of uplink transmission power amplification varies depending on the device type, which can also impact uplink coverage.

[0109] According to conventional wireless communication methods, during uplink transmission between a base station and a terminal, data is transmitted via PUSCH, and uplink control information such as HARQ-ACK (Hybrid Automatic Repeat request-Acknowledgment) feedback, CSI (Channel State Information) feedback, and SR (Scheduling Request) can be transmitted via PUCCH. In particular, it supports dynamic allocation of various PUSCH / PUCCH transmission bands, modulation schemes, transmission slots / symbols, etc. depending on the channel status and information amount of the terminal.

[0110] On the other hand, in the case of ambient IoT devices, since they transmit limited data information with limited power, it is difficult to support dynamic scheduling for the PDRCH corresponding to the existing uplink, and the design of a limited form of PDRCH transmission mechanism may be required. In other words, in the case of ambient IoT devices, it is highly likely that a separate physical channel for L1 control signaling including the corresponding PDRCH transmission resource allocation information will not be defined during uplink transmission (i.e., PDRCH transmission). In addition, a frame structure is being considered that transmits only a small amount of terminal ID (identity)-related data for terminal identification to the base station or leader in a contention-based access manner when an event such as inventory occurs from an IoT device to a leader. Therefore, a simple and limited PDRCH transmission method is required depending on the channel status of the IoT terminal, the terminal capability / type, and the amount of information.

[0111] The present invention proposes a PDRCH transmission method for ambient IoT devices that takes this into account. In particular, the present invention proposes a PDRCH transmission method that takes into account modulation schemes and transmission bandwidths currently being considered for PDRCH transmission in ambient IoT.

[0112] Below, a PDRCH transmission framework for an ambient IoT device for the present invention is described. However, this framework is described to facilitate understanding of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention.

[0113] The present invention assumes a Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA)-based multiple access scheme for uplink transmission from a plurality of IoT devices to a leader, and assumes PDRCH transmission through a contention-based access scheme between a plurality of IoT devices. As an example, it assumes PDRCH transmission through contention-based access using slotted ALOHA. However, even in cases where more than one ambient IoT channel is allocated on the frequency axis by a single base station or leader, the same method can be applied to determine the modulation scheme and chip length for PDRCH transmission of an ambient IoT terminal attempting access through each channel.

[0114] In addition, the present invention describes an access framework for PDRCH transmission of an ambient IoT device assuming inventory as a use case requiring PDRCH transmission of an ambient IoT terminal, but is not limited to the use case and the same contents can be applied to other use cases requiring PDRCH transmission.

[0115] A base station and / or a reader can trigger / (re-)configure a dynamic contention-based access frame for the purpose of inventory, command or other use case of an ambient IoT device. A dynamic contention-based access frame is composed of one or more access slots. Here, an access slot may be referred to by various names such as IoT slot, access occasion, IoT occasion, etc., and means a unit of time for one ambient IoT device to transmit one PDRCH, and the access slot length may have an arbitrary fixed value or may have a variable length depending on the transmission block size, modulation scheme, chip length and / or midamble included in one PDRCH. Alternatively, an access slot may be a length of time for transmitting one PRDCH. It can mean a time unit, and its length can also have a fixed value or be variable. Access slots can be divided into PDRCH slots and PRDCH slots, or can be used without distinction. Alternatively, only PDRCH slots for PDRCH transmission can be defined, so that the access slot or slot refers only to the corresponding PDRCH transmission slot.

[0116] For convenience of explanation, the dynamic contention-based access frame for PRDCH reception and PDRCH transmission of an IoT device is simply referred to as a frame or access frame in the following.

[0117] A base station and / or a reader can trigger an access frame for the purpose of inventory or command of an ambient IoT device. The access frame is triggered by the base station or the reader transmitting a PRDCH including an access frame triggering message to the ambient IoT device within the coverage area. The access frame triggering message may include at least the purpose of triggering the access frame. Here, the purpose of the access frame refers to an information area for distinguishing use cases, and is an information area for conveying to the IoT device whether the access frame is for inventory or command purposes.

[0118] Alternatively, the use case of the access frame can be implicitly transmitted. For example, one or more access frame types can be defined, and access frame type configuration information can be transmitted to IoT devices via an access frame triggering message. That is, the access frame type can be defined for each use case, such as access frame type 1, which consists of PRDCH transmission slots for commands (or corresponding response reception slots of IoT devices), or access frame type 2, which consists of one or more contention-based PDRCH slots for inventory. Based on this, by transmitting the access frame type configuration information upon access frame triggering, the use case of the access frame can be implicitly notified to the IoT device. That is, the access frame type information is information on the physical structure of the corresponding access frame, and accordingly, may be information on the structure of the access slot constituting the corresponding access frame.

[0119] An access frame triggering message may include at least information about the number of access slots (or PDRCH slots).

[0120] Additionally, the access frame triggering message may include at least CW signal configuration information for backscattering of the ambient IoT device. The CW signal configuration information may include at least one of a PRDCH transmission frequency channel on which the access frame triggering message is transmitted, a frequency offset value between CW signal frequency channels, CW signal period configuration information, and a frequency offset value between a CW signal and a PDRCH transmission frequency channel.

[0121] In addition, the access frame triggering message may include IoT channelization information at least in the frequency axis. The IoT channelization information may include information on the number of IoT frequency channels for PDRCH or PRDCH transmission and reception configured through the access frame triggering, frequency offset information between IoT frequency channels, CW signal reference information for PDRCH transmission for each IoT frequency channel (e.g., frequency offset information, period information, CW signal type setting information, etc. of the CW signal that serves as a reference for each channel), etc.

[0122] When an arbitrary IoT access frame is configured through a dynamic access frame configuration command, the base station and / or the reader may transmit an access slot configuration signal / message for each access slot. The access slot configuration signal / message may be a signal / message for indicating a boundary (e.g., a start point or an end point) of each access slot. Accordingly, the access slot configuration signal / message may include at least index information of the access slot. In addition, the access slot configuration signal / message may further include type information of the access slot. The access slot type may be information for setting whether the access slot is a PDRCH slot or a PRDCH slot. Additionally, the access slot configuration signal / message may include configuration information related to CW signal transmission timing.

[0123] Below, we propose a method for a leader to construct a dynamic access frame based on topology 2 (i.e., the topology of Fig. 7b).

[0124] A leader can transmit a dynamic access frame request message to a base station for communication with IoT devices included within the coverage of the leader (e.g., an intermediate terminal). The dynamic access frame request message is a request for dynamic access frame triggering / (re-)configuration from the leader as described above, and may include all or part of information included in a dynamic access frame configuration (command) message (e.g., access frame type setting information, IoT channelization information, etc.). Alternatively, it may further include at least one of additional available / capable IoT channelization information, available / capable frequency band information, child IoT device type information (e.g., device type 1, 2a, or 2b as described above), coverage level, power control configuration information, CW signal request information, energy harvesting signal request information, and (expected) number of child IoT devices.

[0125] The base station transmits dynamic access frame configuration information to the leader, i.e., a reader-capable terminal, through RRC (radio resource control) signaling as a response message to the leader's dynamic access frame request. At this time, the dynamic access frame response message may include all or part of the information area included in the dynamic access frame configuration message described above. Alternatively, the dynamic access frame response message may additionally include at least one of available dynamic access frame time configuration information (e.g., time information at which the leader can configure IoT channels / radio resources for connection with child IoT devices through dynamic access frame configuration based on the base station's dynamic access frame response message, or periodic dynamic access frame time configuration information, i.e., period, offset, duration configuration information, etc.) and energy harvesting signal configuration information (e.g., frequency and time resource allocation information for energy harvesting signal transmission, etc.).

[0126] Additionally, the base station can enable / disable resource configuration information for dynamic access frame configuration in the leader, included in the dynamic access frame response message, through RRC signaling, or activate / deactivate it through MAC (medium access control) CE (control element) signaling, L1 (layer 1) control signaling.

[0127] FIG. 8 is a diagram for explaining dynamic access frame configuration according to one embodiment of the present specification.

[0128] Referring to FIG. 8, a base station or a reader (e.g., a reader-capable terminal) may transmit access frame configuration information / command to an IoT device to configure an IoT access frame. Based on the received access frame configuration information / command, the IoT device performs access frame configuration for uplink transmission to the base station or the reader. Additionally, the base station or the reader may transmit access slot configuration information / command for each access slot. The access slot configuration information / command may indicate the boundary of each access slot. For example, it may indicate the start point and / or the end point of each access slot. In addition, the access slot configuration information / command may include index information of the corresponding access slot. Through this, IoT devices that receive access slot configuration information / commands can configure each access slot based on this.

[0129] In addition, the access slot configuration information / command may further include index information of the corresponding access slot. In addition, the access slot configuration information / command may further include type information of the corresponding access slot. The type information of the access slot may be information for setting whether the corresponding access slot is a PDRCH slot or a PRDCH slot, and the IoT device performs PDRCH transmission and / or PRDCH reception based on this.

[0130] In this specification, the access frame configuration message is referred to as message 1, and the access slot configuration signal / message (or information / command) indicating the boundary of each access slot is referred to as message 2.

[0131] The IoT device selects at least one access slot or occasion among the access slots or occasions constituting the access frame according to the IoT frame triggering message, generates an RN (random number) for occupying the access slot, and transmits the RN to the base station or leader via PDRCH (hereinafter, message 3). When the base station or leader successfully receives the RN from the IoT device, the base station or leader transmits a response message (hereinafter, message 4) for the RN to the IoT device. When the IoT device receives the RN message of the base station or leader including the RN of the corresponding terminal, the IoT device transmits a reporting message, such as a UE ID for inventory of the IoT device, to the base station or leader via PDRCH (hereinafter, message 5), thereby completing the inventory procedure of an IoT device. Here, for access slot #0, the access slot config. message may not be transmitted separately but may be included in the access frame configuration message.

[0132] Below, we propose a method for defining and determining the PDRCH transmission format proposed by the present invention based on an access framework for PDRCH transmission. However, the access framework is described to facilitate understanding of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention.

[0133] Currently, modulation methods such as OOK (On-Off Keying)-1, OOK-4, FSK (Frequency Shift Keying), and BPSK (Binary Phase Shift Keying) are being considered for uplink transmission of ambient IoT devices, and the basic unit of chip length is 1 OFDM symbol duration of 15 kHz SCS (Subcarrier Spacing), including CP (Cyclic Prefix). However, depending on the IoT channel bandwidth based on the channel condition or the capability / type of the terminal, the chip length can be reduced to 1 / M OFDM symbol duration to improve the transmission speed. For example, when considering an IoT channel bandwidth of 180 kHz based on OOK-4 (corresponding to 1 PRB of 15 kHz SCS), the maximum value of M can be 6.

[0134] That is, it may be possible to adjust narrowband-based (larger chip length) PDRCH transmission and PDRCH transmission with a slightly wider signal bandwidth depending on the maximum power according to the type of ambient IoT device, the channel condition and coverage between the base station or leader (e.g., a leader-capable terminal) and the IoT device.

[0135] In consideration of this, the present invention proposes a method of defining one or more PDRCH formats (or types) for PDRCH transmission of an ambient IoT device, determining one PDRCH format when transmitting PDRCH from an ambient IoT device, and transmitting PDRCH based on this format.

[0136] The PDRCH format proposed in the present invention can be defined by including mapping information for at least one parameter among PDRCH modulation scheme, chip length or PDRCH channel (or signal) bandwidth, [maximum or minimum] TBS (Transport Block Size), CRC size, whether to include and structure preamble / midamble / postamble, whether to transmit backscattering PDRCH based on CW signal, PDRCH transmission purpose (whether it is message 2 including RN for occupying access slot or message 4 including UE identification information, etc.), and device type.

[0137] Alternatively, a separate PDRCH transmission format may be defined that includes mapping information for at least one parameter among different modulation schemes, chip lengths or PDRCH channel bandwidths, [maximum or minimum] TBS (Transport Block Size), CRC size, inclusion of preamble / midamble / postamble, and structure, depending on the purpose of PDRCH transmission, device type, or whether backscattering PDRCH transmission is based on a CW signal.

[0138] For example, the mapping information between the PDRCH format and parameters based on the corresponding parameters may be defined as in Table 5. This is merely an example, and the present invention is not limited by the type or number of parameters defining the format.

[0139] PDRCH formatModulationChip lengthTBSCRC length0aOOK-11 OFDM symbol10080bOOK-11 OFDM symbol1000161aOOK-41 / 3 OFDM symbol10081bOOK-41 / 3 OFDM symbol1000162aOOK-41 / 6 OFDM symbol10082bOOK-41 / 6 OFDM symbol1000163FSK1 / 6 OFDM symbol100016

[0140] When the PDRCH format of ambient IoT is defined, the IoT device determines one PDRCH format for PDRCH transmission and transmits the PDRCH to the base station or leader based on the determined PDRCH format. The PDRCH format determination can be set or instructed by the base station or leader. Being set or instructed by the base station or leader includes both explicit setting / instruction and implicit setting / instruction. Explicit setting / instruction means that the PDRCH format setting / instruction information for PDRCH transmission of any ambient IoT device is explicitly set / instructed by the base station or leader through an information field via the PRDCH. On the other hand, being implicitly set / indicated may mean that the PDRCH format is determined based on an arbitrary information area setting value set / indicated by the base station or leader through the PRDCH, or is determined based on the PRDCH transmission format, or is implicitly set / indicated by the preamble or postamble of the PRDCH.

[0141] Alternatively, the PDRCH transmission format may be determined by the ambient IoT device. In this case, the PDRCH transmission format may be determined by the ambient IoT device type or capability, or at least may support only limited PDRCH formats according to the ambient IoT device type or capability. Alternatively, the PDRCH transmission format may be determined based on the channel status between the base station or reader and the ambient IoT device, or the coverage status or coverage level based thereon. In this case, assistance information for selecting the PDRCH format based on the channel status or coverage status, or coverage level may be set or instructed by the base station (or reader). For example, the channel status or coverage status, coverage level threshold, etc. for each PDRCH format may be set or instructed. In this way, when the PDRCH transmission format is determined by the terminal, the terminal includes PDRCH transmission format setting / indication information when transmitting the PDRCH. The PDRCH format setting / indication information can be transmitted through a preamble to indicate the starting point of the PDRCH transmission. For example, when generating a sequence of preambles included in the PDRCH, the PDRCH format can be used as a parameter so that different preamble sequences or structures can be applied.

[0142] Meanwhile, for the convenience of explanation, each method is described separately, but all cases in which a PDRCH format is defined by one or a combination of one or more of the methods described above and a PDRCH transmission format in an IoT device is determined may be included in the scope of the present invention.

[0143] FIG. 9 is a flowchart illustrating an operation method of an ambient IoT terminal according to one embodiment of the present specification.

[0144] Referring to FIG. 9, an ambient IoT terminal determines a PDRCH (Physical Device to Reader Channel) transmission format (S901). Then, the ambient IoT terminal performs PDRCH transmission to a base station or a reader-capable terminal based on the determined PDRCH transmission format (S902). Here, the PDRCH transmission format may be determined based on at least one of a modulation scheme parameter, a chip length parameter, a transport block size (TBS) parameter, and a cyclic redundancy check (CRC) length parameter.

[0145] Ambient IoT terminals can receive information for determining the PDRCH transmission format from a base station or a reader-capable terminal. The information for determining the PDRCH transmission format can be explicitly or implicitly set / indicated.

[0146] The PDRCH transmission format may be determined by at least one of the type and capability of the ambient IoT terminal. Alternatively, the PDRCH transmission format may be determined by at least one of a channel status and a coverage level between the base station or the reader-capable terminal and the ambient IoT terminal. The ambient IoT terminal may receive assistance information from the base station or the reader-capable terminal, and the assistance information may be associated with at least one of the channel status and the coverage level.

[0147] Meanwhile, information on the determined PDRCH transmission format can be transmitted through the PDRCH transmission. Specifically, information on the determined PDRCH transmission format can be transmitted through a preamble during the PDRCH transmission.

[0148] The disclosures of this specification, as described so far, can be implemented through various means. For example, the disclosures of this specification can be implemented through hardware, firmware, software, or a combination thereof. Specifically, the disclosures will be described below with reference to the drawings.

[0149] Figure 10 illustrates a device according to one embodiment of the present specification.

[0150] Referring to FIG. 10, a wireless communication system may include a first device (100a) and a second device (100b).

[0151] The first device (100a) may be a base station, a network node, a transmitting terminal, a receiving terminal, a wireless device, a wireless communication device, a vehicle, a vehicle equipped with an autonomous driving function, a connected car, a drone (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle, UAV), an AI (Artificial Intelligence) module, a robot, an AR (Augmented Reality) device, a VR (Virtual Reality) device, an MR (Mixed Reality) device, a hologram device, a public safety device, an MTC device, an IoT device, a medical device, a fintech device (or a financial device), a security device, a climate / environmental device, a device related to 5G services, or any other device related to the 4th industrial revolution field.

[0152] The second device (100b) may be a base station, a network node, a transmitting terminal, a receiving terminal, a wireless device, a wireless communication device, a vehicle, a vehicle equipped with an autonomous driving function, a connected car, a drone (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle, UAV), an AI (Artificial Intelligence) module, a robot, an AR (Augmented Reality) device, a VR (Virtual Reality) device, an MR (Mixed Reality) device, a hologram device, a public safety device, an MTC device, an IoT device, a medical device, a fintech device (or a financial device), a security device, a climate / environmental device, a device related to 5G services, or any other device related to the 4th industrial revolution field.

[0153] The first device (100a) may include at least one processor, such as a processor (1020a), at least one memory, such as a memory (1010a), and at least one transceiver, such as a transceiver (1031a). The processor (1020a) may perform the functions, procedures, and / or methods described above. The processor (1020a) may perform one or more protocols. For example, the processor (1020a) may perform one or more layers of a wireless interface protocol. The memory (1010a) may be connected to the processor (1020a) and may store various types of information and / or commands. The transceiver (1031a) may be connected to the processor (1020a) and may be controlled to transmit and receive wireless signals.

[0154] The second device (100b) may include at least one processor, such as a processor (1020b), at least one memory device, such as a memory (1010b), and at least one transceiver, such as a transceiver (1031b). The processor (1020b) may perform the functions, procedures, and / or methods described above. The processor (1020b) may implement one or more protocols. For example, the processor (1020b) may implement one or more layers of a wireless interface protocol. The memory (1010b) may be connected to the processor (1020b) and may store various types of information and / or commands. The transceiver (1031b) may be connected to the processor (1020b) and may be controlled to transmit and receive wireless signals.

[0155] The memory (1010a) and / or the memory (1010b) may be connected internally or externally to the processor (1020a) and / or the processor (1020b), or may be connected to another processor via various technologies such as a wired or wireless connection.

[0156] The first device (100a) and / or the second device (100b) may have one or more antennas. For example, the antenna (1036a) and / or the antenna (1036b) may be configured to transmit and receive wireless signals.

[0157] Fig. 11 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a terminal according to one embodiment of the present specification.

[0158] In particular, FIG. 11 is a drawing illustrating the device of FIG. 10 in more detail.

[0159] The device includes a memory (1010), a processor (1020), a transceiver (1031), a power management module (1091), a battery (1092), a display (1041), an input unit (1053), a speaker (1042), and a microphone (1052), a subscriber identification module (SIM) card, and one or more antennas.

[0160] The processor (1020) may be configured to implement the proposed functions, procedures, and / or methods described herein. Layers of a radio interface protocol may be implemented in the processor (1020). The processor (1020) may include an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), other chipsets, logic circuits, and / or data processing devices. The processor (1020) may be an application processor (AP). The processor (1020) may include at least one of a digital signal processor (DSP), a central processing unit (CPU), a graphics processing unit (GPU), and a modem (modulator and demodulator). Examples of the processor (1020) may be a SNAPDRAGON™ series processor manufactured by Qualcomm®, an EXYNOSTM series processor manufactured by Samsung®, an A series processor manufactured by Apple®, a HELIO™ series processor manufactured by MediaTek®, an ATOM™ series processor manufactured by INTEL®, a KIRINTM series processor manufactured by HiSilicon®, or a corresponding next-generation processor.

[0161] The power management module (1091) manages power to the processor (1020) and / or the transceiver (1031). The battery (1092) supplies power to the power management module (1091). The display (1041) outputs the results processed by the processor (1020). The input unit (1053) receives input to be used by the processor (1020). The input unit (1053) can be displayed on the display (1041). A SIM card is an integrated circuit used to securely store an international mobile subscriber identity (IMSI) and its associated keys, which are used to identify and authenticate subscribers in mobile devices such as mobile phones and computers. Contact information can also be stored on many SIM cards.

[0162] The memory (1010) is operably coupled to the processor (1020) and stores various information for operating the processor (610). The memory (1010) may include a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), flash memory, a memory card, a storage medium, and / or other storage devices. When the embodiment is implemented in software, the techniques described herein may be implemented as modules (e.g., procedures, functions, etc.) that perform the functions described herein. The modules may be stored in the memory (1010) and executed by the processor (1020). The memory (1010) may be implemented within the processor (1020). Alternatively, the memory (1010) may be implemented external to the processor (1020) and communicatively connected to the processor (1020) via various means known in the art.

[0163] The transceiver (1031) is operably coupled to the processor (1020) and transmits and / or receives a radio signal. The transceiver (1031) includes a transmitter and a receiver. The transceiver (1031) may include baseband circuitry for processing a radio frequency signal. The transceiver controls one or more antennas to transmit and / or receive a radio signal. The processor (1020) transmits command information to the transceiver (1031) to initiate communication, for example, to transmit a radio signal constituting voice communication data. The antenna functions to transmit and receive radio signals. Upon receiving a radio signal, the transceiver (1031) may transmit the signal to the processor (1020) for processing and convert the signal to baseband. The processed signal may be converted into audible or readable information output through the speaker (1042).

[0164] The speaker (1042) outputs sound-related results processed by the processor (1020). The microphone (1052) receives sound-related input to be used by the processor (1020).

[0165] A user inputs command information, such as a phone number, for example, by pressing (or touching) a button on an input unit (1053) or by voice activation using a microphone (1052). The processor (1020) receives this command information and processes it to perform an appropriate function, such as dialing a phone number. Operational data can be extracted from a SIM card or memory (1010). In addition, the processor (1020) can display command information or operation information on a display (1041) for the user's recognition and convenience.

[0166] Figure 12 shows a block diagram of a processor in which the disclosure of this specification is implemented.

[0167] As can be seen from FIG. 12, the processor (1020) implementing the disclosure of the present specification may include multiple circuits to implement the proposed functions, procedures, and / or methods described herein. For example, the processor (1020) may include a first circuit (1020-1), a second circuit (1020-2), and a third circuit (1020-3). Furthermore, although not shown, the processor (1020) may include more circuits. Each circuit may include multiple transistors.

[0168] The above processor (1020) may be called an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) or an application processor (AP), and may include at least one of a digital signal processor (DSP), a central processing unit (CPU), and a graphics processing unit (GPU).

[0169] FIG. 13 is a block diagram showing in detail the transmitter / receiver of the first device illustrated in FIG. 10 or the transmitter / receiver unit of the device illustrated in FIG. 11.

[0170] Referring to FIG. 13, the transceiver unit (1031) includes a transmitter (1031-1) and a receiver (1031-2). The transmitter (1031-1) includes a Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) unit (1031-11), a subcarrier mapper (1031-12), an IFFT unit (1031-13), a CP insertion unit (1031-14), and a wireless transmitter unit (1031-15). The transmitter (1031-1) may further include a modulator. In addition, for example, the transmitter may further include a scramble unit (not shown), a modulation mapper (not shown), a layer mapper (not shown), and a layer permutator (not shown), which may be arranged before the DFT unit (1031-11). That is, in order to prevent an increase in PAPR (peak-to-average power ratio), the transmitter (1031-1) first passes the information through a DFT (1031-11) before mapping the signal to a subcarrier. The signal spread (or precoded in the same sense) by the DFT unit (1031-11) is mapped to a subcarrier through a subcarrier mapper (1031-12) and then passes through an IFFT (Inverse Fast Fourier Transform) unit (1031-13) to be converted into a signal on the time axis.

[0171] The DFT unit (1031-11) performs DFT on the input symbols and outputs complex-valued symbols. For example, if Ntx symbols are input (where Ntx is a natural number), the DFT size is Ntx. The DFT unit (1031-11) may be called a transform precoder. The subcarrier mapper (1031-12) maps the complex symbols to each subcarrier in the frequency domain. The complex symbols may be mapped to resource elements corresponding to resource blocks allocated for data transmission. The subcarrier mapper (1031-12) may be called a resource element mapper. The IFFT unit (1031-13) performs IFFT on the input symbols and outputs a baseband signal for data, which is a time-domain signal. The CP insertion unit (1031-14) copies a portion of the rear portion of the baseband signal for data and inserts it into the front portion of the baseband signal for data. CP insertion prevents ISI (Inter-Symbol Interference) and ICI (Inter-Carrier Interference), thereby maintaining orthogonality even in multipath channels.

[0172] On the other hand, the receiver (1031-2) includes a wireless reception unit (1031-21), a CP removal unit (1031-22), an FFT unit (1031-23), and an equalization unit (1031-24). The wireless reception unit (1031-21), the CP removal unit (1031-22), and the FFT unit (1031-23) of the receiver (1031-2) perform the inverse functions of the wireless transmission unit (1031-15), the CP insertion unit (1031-14), and the IFF unit (1031-13) of the transmitter (1031-1). The receiver (1031-2) may further include a demodulator.

[0173] Although the preferred embodiments have been described above by way of example, the disclosure of this specification is not limited to such specific embodiments, and may be modified, changed, or improved in various forms within the scope described in the spirit and claims of this specification.

[0174] In the exemplary system described above, the methods are described based on a flowchart as a series of steps or blocks. However, the order of the steps described is not limited, and some steps may occur in a different order or simultaneously with other steps described above. Furthermore, those skilled in the art will understand that the steps depicted in the flowchart are not exclusive, and other steps may be included, or one or more steps in the flowchart may be deleted without affecting the scope of the invention.

[0175] The claims set forth in this specification may be combined in various ways. For example, the technical features of the method claims of this specification may be combined and implemented as a device, and the technical features of the device claims of this specification may be combined and implemented as a method. Furthermore, the technical features of the method claims and the technical features of the device claims of this specification may be combined and implemented as a device, and the technical features of the method claims and the technical features of the device claims of this specification may be combined and implemented as a method.

Claims

1. In a method for operating an ambient IoT (Internet of Things) terminal in a wireless communication system, A step of determining a PDRCH (Physical Device to Reader Channel) transmission format; and A step of performing PDRCH transmission to a base station or a reader-capable terminal based on the above-determined PDRCH transmission format, A method in which the above PDRCH transmission format is determined based on at least one of a modulation scheme parameter, a chip length parameter, a transport block size (TBS) parameter, and a cyclic redundancy check (CRC) length parameter.

2. In paragraph 1, A method further comprising the step of receiving information for determining the PDRCH transmission format from the base station or the leader-capable terminal.

3. In paragraph 1, A method in which the above PDRCH transmission format is determined by at least one of the type and capability of the ambient IoT terminal.

4. In paragraph 1, A method in which the PDRCH transmission format is determined by at least one of a channel status and a coverage level between the base station or the reader-capable terminal and the ambient IoT terminal.

5. In paragraph 1, Further comprising a step of receiving assistance information from the base station or the leader-capable terminal, A method wherein the auxiliary information is associated with at least one of the channel condition and the coverage level.

6. In paragraph 1, A method in which information of the above-determined PDRCH transmission format is transmitted through the PDRCH transmission.

7. In paragraph 6, A method in which information of the above-determined PDRCH transmission format is transmitted through a preamble when transmitting the PDRCH.

8. As an ambient IoT (Internet of Things) terminal in a wireless communication system, at least one processor; and At least one memory storing instructions and being operably electrically connectable to the at least one processor, wherein the operations performed based on the instructions being executed by the at least one processor are: A step for determining the PDRCH (Physical Device to Reader Channel) transmission format, and A step of performing PDRCH transmission to a base station or a reader-capable terminal based on the above-determined PDRCH transmission format, An ambient IoT terminal, wherein the PDRCH transmission format is determined based on at least one of a modulation scheme parameter, a chip length parameter, a transport block size (TBS) parameter, and a cyclic redundancy check (CRC) length parameter.

9. In paragraph 8, Based on the above instruction being executed by the at least one processor, the operations performed are: An ambient IoT terminal further comprising a step of receiving information for determining the PDRCH transmission format from the base station or the reader-capable terminal.

10. In paragraph 8, An ambient IoT terminal, wherein the above PDRCH transmission format is determined by at least one of the type and capability of the ambient IoT terminal.

11. In paragraph 8, An ambient IoT terminal, wherein the PDRCH transmission format is determined by at least one of a channel status and a coverage level between the base station or the reader-capable terminal and the ambient IoT terminal.

12. In paragraph 8, Based on the above instruction being executed by the at least one processor, the operations performed are: Further comprising a step of receiving assistance information from the base station or the leader-capable terminal, An ambient IoT terminal, wherein the auxiliary information is associated with at least one of the channel status and the coverage level.

13. In paragraph 8, An ambient IoT terminal in which information of the above-determined PDRCH transmission format is transmitted through the PDRCH transmission.

14. In paragraph 13, An ambient IoT terminal in which information of the above-determined PDRCH transmission format is transmitted through a preamble when transmitting the PDRCH.

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