Power control in sounding reference signal transmission

Abstract

A wireless device receives a downlink message associated with a random-access procedure of a cell. The downlink message comprises a field. A first value of the field indicates to reset a first sounding reference signal (SRS) closed-loop power control adjustment state of two SRS closed-loop power control adjustment states. A second value of the field indicates to reset a second SRS closed-loop power control adjustment state of the two SRS closed-loop power control adjustment states. Based on a value of the field, the wireless device resets an SRS closed-loop power control adjustment state among the two SRS closed-loop power control adjustment states.

Description

Docket No.: 24-1088PCT TITLE Power Control in Sounding Reference Signal Transmission CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0001] This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No.63 / 573,325, filed April 2, 2024, which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0002] Examples of several of the various embodiments of the present disclosure are described herein with reference to the drawings.

[0003] FIG.1A and FIG.1B illustrate example mobile communication networks in which embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented.

[0004] FIG.2A and FIG.2B respectively illustrate a New Radio (NR) user plane and control plane protocol stack.

[0005] FIG.3 illustrates an example of services provided between protocol layers of the NR user plane protocol stack of FIG.2A.

[0006] FIG.4A illustrates an example downlink data flow through the NR user plane protocol stack of FIG.2A.

[0007] FIG.4B illustrates an example format of a MAC subheader in a MAC PDU.

[0008] FIG.5A and FIG.5B respectively illustrate a mapping between logical channels, transport channels, and physical channels for the downlink and uplink.

[0009] FIG.6 is an example diagram showing RRC state transitions of a UE.

[0010] FIG.7 illustrates an example configuration of an NR frame into which OFDM symbols are grouped.

[0011] FIG.8 illustrates an example configuration of a slot in the time and frequency domain for an NR carrier.

[0012] FIG.9 illustrates an example of bandwidth adaptation using three configured BWPs for an NR carrier.

[0013] FIG.10A illustrates three carrier aggregation configurations with two component carriers.

[0014] FIG.10B illustrates an example of how aggregated cells may be configured into one or more PUCCH groups.

[0015] FIG.11A illustrates an example of an SS / PBCH block structure and location.

[0016] FIG.11B illustrates an example of CSI-RSs that are mapped in the time and frequency domains.

[0017] FIG.12A and FIG.12B respectively illustrate examples of three downlink and uplink beam management procedures.

[0018] FIG.13A, FIG.13B, and FIG.13C respectively illustrate a four-step contention-based random access procedure, a two-step contention-free random access procedure, and another two-step random access procedure.

[0019] FIG.14A illustrates an example of CORESET configurations for a bandwidth part.

[0020] FIG.14B illustrates an example of a CCE-to-REG mapping for DCI transmission on a CORESET and PDCCH processing.

[0021] FIG.15 illustrates an example of a wireless device in communication with a base station.Docket No.: 24-1088PCT

[0022] FIG.16A, FIG.16B, FIG.16C, and FIG.16D illustrate example structures for uplink and downlink transmission.

[0023] FIG.17 illustrates an aspect of an example embodiment according to the present disclosure.

[0024] FIG.18 illustrates an aspect of an example embodiment according to the present disclosure.

[0025] FIG.19 illustrates a flowchart of an example embodiment according to the present disclosure.

[0026] FIG.20 illustrates an aspect of an example embodiment according to the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] In the present disclosure, various embodiments are presented as examples of how the disclosed techniques may be implemented and / or how the disclosed techniques may be practiced in environments and scenarios. It will be apparent to persons skilled in the relevant art that various changes in form and detail can be made therein without departing from the scope. In fact, after reading the description, it will be apparent to one skilled in the relevant art how to implement alternative embodiments. The present embodiments should not be limited by any of the described exemplary embodiments. The embodiments of the present disclosure will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Limitations, features, and / or elements from the disclosed example embodiments may be combined to create further embodiments within the scope of the disclosure. Any figures which highlight the functionality and advantages, are presented for example purposes only. The disclosed architecture is sufficiently flexible and configurable, such that it may be utilized in ways other than that shown. For example, the actions listed in any flowchart may be re-ordered or only optionally used in some embodiments.

[0028] Embodiments may be configured to operate as needed. The disclosed mechanism may be performed when certain criteria are met, for example, in a wireless device, a base station, a radio environment, a network, a combination of the above, and / or the like. Example criteria may be based, at least in part, on for example, wireless device or network node configurations, traffic load, initial system set up, packet sizes, traffic characteristics, a combination of the above, and / or the like. When the one or more criteria are met, various example embodiments may be applied. Therefore, it may be possible to implement example embodiments that selectively implement disclosed protocols.

[0029] A base station may communicate with a mix of wireless devices. Wireless devices and / or base stations may support multiple technologies, and / or multiple releases of the same technology. Wireless devices may have some specific capability(ies) depending on wireless device category and / or capability(ies). When this disclosure refers to a base station communicating with a plurality of wireless devices, this disclosure may refer to a subset of the total wireless devices in a coverage area. This disclosure may refer to, for example, a plurality of wireless devices of a given LTE or 5G release with a given capability and in a given sector of the base station. The plurality of wireless devices in this disclosure may refer to a selected plurality of wireless devices, and / or a subset of total wireless devices in a coverage area which perform according to disclosed methods, and / or the like. There may be a plurality of base stations or a plurality of wireless devices in a coverage area that may not comply with the disclosed methods, for example, those wireless devices or base stations may perform based on older releases of LTE or 5G technology.Docket No.: 24-1088PCT

[0030] In this disclosure, “a” and “an” and similar phrases are to be interpreted as “at least one” and “one or more.” Similarly, any term that ends with the suffix “(s)” is to be interpreted as “at least one” and “one or more.” In this disclosure, the term “may” is to be interpreted as “may, for example.” In other words, the term “may” is indicative that the phrase following the term “may” is an example of one of a multitude of suitable possibilities that may, or may not, be employed by one or more of the various embodiments. The terms “comprises” and “consists of”, as used herein, enumerate one or more components of the element being described. The term “comprises” is interchangeable with “includes” and does not exclude unenumerated components from being included in the element being described. By contrast, “consists of” provides a complete enumeration of the one or more components of the element being described. The term “based on”, as used herein, should be interpreted as “based at least in part on” rather than, for example, “based solely on”. The term “and / or” as used herein represents any possible combination of enumerated elements. For example, “A, B, and / or C” may represent A; B; C; A and B; A and C; B and C; or A, B, and C.

[0031] If A and B are sets and every element of A is an element of B, A is called a subset of B. In this specification, only non-empty sets and subsets are considered. For example, possible subsets of B = {cell1, cell2} are: {cell1}, {cell2}, and {cell1, cell2}. The phrase “based on” (or equally “based at least on”) is indicative that the phrase following the term “based on” is an example of one of a multitude of suitable possibilities that may, or may not, be employed to one or more of the various embodiments. The phrase “in response to” (or equally “in response at least to”) is indicative that the phrase following the phrase “in response to” is an example of one of a multitude of suitable possibilities that may, or may not, be employed to one or more of the various embodiments. The phrase “depending on” (or equally “depending at least to”) is indicative that the phrase following the phrase “depending on” is an example of one of a multitude of suitable possibilities that may, or may not, be employed to one or more of the various embodiments. The phrase “employing / using” (or equally “employing / using at least”) is indicative that the phrase following the phrase “employing / using” is an example of one of a multitude of suitable possibilities that may, or may not, be employed to one or more of the various embodiments.

[0032] The term configured may relate to the capacity of a device whether the device is in an operational or non- operational state. Configured may refer to specific settings in a device that affect or implement the operational characteristics of the device whether the device is in an operational or non-operational state. In other words, the hardware, software, firmware, registers, memory values, and / or the like may be “configured” within a device, whether the device is in an operational or nonoperational state, to provide the device with specific characteristics. Terms such as “a control message to cause in a device” may mean that a control message has parameters that may be used to configure specific characteristics or may be used to implement certain actions in the device, whether the device is in an operational or non-operational state.

[0033] In this disclosure, parameters (or equally called, fields, or Information elements: IEs) may comprise one or more information objects, and an information object may comprise one or more other objects. For example, if parameter (IE) N comprises parameter (IE) M, and parameter (IE) M comprises parameter (IE) K, and parameter (IE) KDocket No.: 24-1088PCT comprises parameter (information element) J. Then, for example, N comprises K, and N comprises J. In an example embodiment, when one or more messages comprise a plurality of parameters, it implies that a parameter in the plurality of parameters is in at least one of the one or more messages, but does not have to be in each of the one or more messages.

[0034] Many features presented are described as being optional through the use of “may” or the use of parentheses. For the sake of brevity and legibility, the present disclosure does not explicitly recite each and every permutation that may be obtained by choosing from the set of optional features. The present disclosure is to be interpreted as explicitly disclosing all such permutations. For example, a system described as having three optional features may be embodied in seven ways, namely with just one of the three possible features, with any two of the three possible features or with three of the three possible features.

[0035] Many of the elements described in the disclosed embodiments may be implemented as modules. A module is defined here as an element that performs a defined function and has a defined interface to other elements. The modules described in this disclosure may be implemented in hardware, software in combination with hardware, firmware, wetware (e.g. hardware with a biological element) or a combination thereof, which may be behaviorally equivalent. For example, modules may be implemented as a software routine written in a computer language configured to be executed by a hardware machine (such as C, C++, Fortran, Java, Basic, MATLAB or the like) or a modeling / simulation program such as Simulink, Stateflow, GNU Octave, or LabVIEWMathScript. It may be possible to implement modules using physical hardware that incorporates discrete or programmable analog, digital and / or quantum hardware. Examples of programmable hardware comprise: computers, microcontrollers, microprocessors, application- specific integrated circuits (ASICs); field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs); and complex programmable logic devices (CPLDs). Computers, microcontrollers and microprocessors are programmed using languages such as assembly, C, C++ or the like. FPGAs, ASICs and CPLDs are often programmed using hardware description languages (HDL) such as VHSIC hardware description language (VHDL) or Verilog that configure connections between internal hardware modules with lesser functionality on a programmable device. The mentioned technologies are often used in combination to achieve the result of a functional module.

[0036] FIG.1A illustrates an example of a mobile communication network 100 in which embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented. The mobile communication network 100 may be, for example, a public land mobile network (PLMN) run by a network operator. As illustrated in FIG.1A, the mobile communication network 100 includes a core network (CN) 102, a radio access network (RAN) 104, and a wireless device 106.

[0037] The CN 102 may provide the wireless device 106 with an interface to one or more data networks (DNs), such as public DNs (e.g., the Internet), private DNs, and / or intra-operator DNs. As part of the interface functionality, the CN 102 may set up end-to-end connections between the wireless device 106 and the one or more DNs, authenticate the wireless device 106, and provide charging functionality.Docket No.: 24-1088PCT

[0038] The RAN 104 may connect the CN 102 to the wireless device 106 through radio communications over an air interface. As part of the radio communications, the RAN 104 may provide scheduling, radio resource management, and retransmission protocols. The communication direction from the RAN 104 to the wireless device 106 over the air interface is known as the downlink and the communication direction from the wireless device 106 to the RAN 104 over the air interface is known as the uplink. Downlink transmissions may be separated from uplink transmissions using frequency division duplexing (FDD), time-division duplexing (TDD), and / or some combination of the two duplexing techniques.

[0039] The term wireless device may be used throughout this disclosure to refer to and encompass any mobile device or fixed (non-mobile) device for which wireless communication is needed or usable. For example, a wireless device may be a telephone, smart phone, tablet, computer, laptop, sensor, meter, wearable device, Internet of Things (IoT) device, vehicle roadside unit (RSU), relay node, automobile, and / or any combination thereof. The term wireless device encompasses other terminology, including user equipment (UE), user terminal (UT), access terminal (AT), mobile station, handset, wireless transmit and receive unit (WTRU), and / or wireless communication device.

[0040] The RAN 104 may include one or more base stations (not shown). The term base station may be used throughout this disclosure to refer to and encompass a Node B (associated with UMTS and / or 3G standards), an Evolved Node B (eNB, associated with E-UTRA and / or 4G standards), a remote radio head (RRH), a baseband processing unit coupled to one or more RRHs, a repeater node or relay node used to extend the coverage area of a donor node, a Next Generation Evolved Node B (ng-eNB), a Generation Node B (gNB, associated with NR and / or 5G standards), an access point (AP, associated with, for example, Wi-Fi or any other suitable wireless communication standard), and / or any combination thereof. A base station may comprise at least one gNB Central Unit (gNB-CU) and at least one a gNB Distributed Unit (gNB-DU).

[0041] A base station included in the RAN 104 may include one or more sets of antennas for communicating with the wireless device 106 over the air interface. For example, one or more of the base stations may include three sets of antennas to respectively control three cells (or sectors). The size of a cell may be determined by a range at which a receiver (e.g., a base station receiver) can successfully receive the transmissions from a transmitter (e.g., a wireless device transmitter) operating in the cell. Together, the cells of the base stations may provide radio coverage to the wireless device 106 over a wide geographic area to support wireless device mobility.

[0042] In addition to three-sector sites, other implementations of base stations are possible. For example, one or more of the base stations in the RAN 104 may be implemented as a sectored site with more or less than three sectors. One or more of the base stations in the RAN 104 may be implemented as an access point, as a baseband processing unit coupled to several remote radio heads (RRHs), and / or as a repeater or relay node used to extend the coverage area of a donor node. A baseband processing unit coupled to RRHs may be part of a centralized or cloud RAN architecture, where the baseband processing unit may be either centralized in a pool of baseband processing units or virtualized. A repeater node may amplify and rebroadcast a radio signal received from a donor node. A relay node mayDocket No.: 24-1088PCT perform the same / similar functions as a repeater node but may decode the radio signal received from the donor node to remove noise before amplifying and rebroadcasting the radio signal.

[0043] The RAN 104 may be deployed as a homogenous network of macrocell base stations that have similar antenna patterns and similar high-level transmit powers. The RAN 104 may be deployed as a heterogeneous network. In heterogeneous networks, small cell base stations may be used to provide small coverage areas, for example, coverage areas that overlap with the comparatively larger coverage areas provided by macrocell base stations. The small coverage areas may be provided in areas with high data traffic (or so-called “hotspots”) or in areas with weak macrocell coverage. Examples of small cell base stations include, in order of decreasing coverage area, microcell base stations, picocell base stations, and femtocell base stations or home base stations.

[0044] The Third-Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) was formed in 1998 to provide global standardization of specifications for mobile communication networks similar to the mobile communication network 100 in FIG.1A. To date, 3GPP has produced specifications for three generations of mobile networks: a third generation (3G) network known as Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS), a fourth generation (4G) network known as Long-Term Evolution (LTE), and a fifth generation (5G) network known as 5G System (5GS). Embodiments of the present disclosure are described with reference to the RAN of a 3GPP 5G network, referred to as next-generation RAN (NG- RAN). Embodiments may be applicable to RANs of other mobile communication networks, such as the RAN 104 in FIG.1A, the RANs of earlier 3G and 4G networks, and those of future networks yet to be specified (e.g., a 3GPP 6G network). NG-RAN implements 5G radio access technology known as New Radio (NR) and may be provisioned to implement 4G radio access technology or other radio access technologies, including non-3GPP radio access technologies.

[0045] FIG.1B illustrates another example mobile communication network 150 in which embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented. Mobile communication network 150 may be, for example, a PLMN run by a network operator. As illustrated in FIG.1B, mobile communication network 150 includes a 5G core network (5G-CN) 152, an NG-RAN 154, and UEs 156A and 156B (collectively UEs 156). These components may be implemented and operate in the same or similar manner as corresponding components described with respect to FIG.1A.

[0046] The 5G-CN 152 provides the UEs 156 with an interface to one or more DNs, such as public DNs (e.g., the Internet), private DNs, and / or intra-operator DNs. As part of the interface functionality, the 5G-CN 152 may set up end- to-end connections between the UEs 156 and the one or more DNs, authenticate the UEs 156, and provide charging functionality. Compared to the CN of a 3GPP 4G network, the basis of the 5G-CN 152 may be a service-based architecture. This means that the architecture of the nodes making up the 5G-CN 152 may be defined as network functions that offer services via interfaces to other network functions. The network functions of the 5G-CN 152 may be implemented in several ways, including as network elements on dedicated or shared hardware, as software instances running on dedicated or shared hardware, or as virtualized functions instantiated on a platform (e.g., a cloud-based platform).Docket No.: 24-1088PCT

[0047] As illustrated in FIG.1B, the 5G-CN 152 includes an Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF) 158A and a User Plane Function (UPF) 158B, which are shown as one component AMF / UPF 158 in FIG.1B for ease of illustration. The UPF 158B may serve as a gateway between the NG-RAN 154 and the one or more DNs. The UPF 158B may perform functions such as packet routing and forwarding, packet inspection and user plane policy rule enforcement, traffic usage reporting, uplink classification to support routing of traffic flows to the one or more DNs, quality of service (QoS) handling for the user plane (e.g., packet filtering, gating, uplink / downlink rate enforcement, and uplink traffic verification), downlink packet buffering, and downlink data notification triggering. The UPF 158B may serve as an anchor point for intra- / inter-Radio Access Technology (RAT) mobility, an external protocol (or packet) data unit (PDU) session point of interconnect to the one or more DNs, and / or a branching point to support a multi-homed PDU session. The UEs 156 may be configured to receive services through a PDU session, which is a logical connection between a UE and a DN.

[0048] The AMF 158A may perform functions such as Non-Access Stratum (NAS) signaling termination, NAS signaling security, Access Stratum (AS) security control, inter-CN node signaling for mobility between 3GPP access networks, idle mode UE reachability (e.g., control and execution of paging retransmission), registration area management, intra-system and inter-system mobility support, access authentication, access authorization including checking of roaming rights, mobility management control (subscription and policies), network slicing support, and / or session management function (SMF) selection. NAS may refer to the functionality operating between a CN and a UE, and AS may refer to the functionality operating between the UE and a RAN.

[0049] The 5G-CN 152 may include one or more additional network functions that are not shown in FIG.1B for the sake of clarity. For example, the 5G-CN 152 may include one or more of a Session Management Function (SMF), an NR Repository Function (NRF), a Policy Control Function (PCF), a Network Exposure Function (NEF), a Unified Data Management (UDM), an Application Function (AF), and / or an Authentication Server Function (AUSF).

[0050] The NG-RAN 154 may connect the 5G-CN 152 to the UEs 156 through radio communications over the air interface. The NG-RAN 154 may include one or more gNBs, illustrated as gNB 160A and gNB 160B (collectively gNBs 160) and / or one or more ng-eNBs, illustrated as ng-eNB 162A and ng-eNB 162B (collectively ng-eNBs 162). The gNBs 160 and ng-eNBs 162 may be more generically referred to as base stations. The gNBs 160 and ng-eNBs 162 may include one or more sets of antennas for communicating with the UEs 156 over an air interface. For example, one or more of the gNBs 160 and / or one or more of the ng-eNBs 162 may include three sets of antennas to respectively control three cells (or sectors). Together, the cells of the gNBs 160 and the ng-eNBs 162 may provide radio coverage to the UEs 156 over a wide geographic area to support UE mobility.

[0051] As shown in FIG.1B, the gNBs 160 and / or the ng-eNBs 162 may be connected to the 5G-CN 152 by means of an NG interface and to other base stations by an Xn interface. The NG and Xn interfaces may be established using direct physical connections and / or indirect connections over an underlying transport network, such as an internet protocol (IP) transport network. The gNBs 160 and / or the ng-eNBs 162 may be connected to the UEs 156 by means ofDocket No.: 24-1088PCT a Uu interface. For example, as illustrated in FIG.1B, gNB 160A may be connected to the UE 156A by means of a Uu interface. The NG, Xn, and Uu interfaces are associated with a protocol stack. The protocol stacks associated with the interfaces may be used by the network elements in FIG.1B to exchange data and signaling messages and may include two planes: a user plane and a control plane. The user plane may handle data of interest to a user. The control plane may handle signaling messages of interest to the network elements.

[0052] The gNBs 160 and / or the ng-eNBs 162 may be connected to one or more AMF / UPF functions of the 5G-CN 152, such as the AMF / UPF 158, by means of one or more NG interfaces. For example, the gNB 160A may be connected to the UPF 158B of the AMF / UPF 158 by means of an NG-User plane (NG-U) interface. The NG-U interface may provide delivery (e.g., non-guaranteed delivery) of user plane PDUs between the gNB 160A and the UPF 158B. The gNB 160A may be connected to the AMF 158A by means of an NG-Control plane (NG-C) interface. The NG-C interface may provide, for example, NG interface management, UE context management, UE mobility management, transport of NAS messages, paging, PDU session management, and configuration transfer and / or warning message transmission.

[0053] The gNBs 160 may provide NR user plane and control plane protocol terminations towards the UEs 156 over the Uu interface. For example, the gNB 160A may provide NR user plane and control plane protocol terminations toward the UE 156A over a Uu interface associated with a first protocol stack. The ng-eNBs 162 may provide Evolved UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA) user plane and control plane protocol terminations towards the UEs 156 over a Uu interface, where E-UTRA refers to the 3GPP 4G radio-access technology. For example, the ng-eNB 162B may provide E-UTRA user plane and control plane protocol terminations towards the UE 156B over a Uu interface associated with a second protocol stack.

[0054] The 5G-CN 152 was described as being configured to handle NR and 4G radio accesses. It will be appreciated by one of ordinary skill in the art that it may be possible for NR to connect to a 4G core network in a mode known as “non-standalone operation.” In non-standalone operation, a 4G core network is used to provide (or at least support) control-plane functionality (e.g., initial access, mobility, and paging). Although only one AMF / UPF 158 is shown in FIG.1B, one gNB or ng-eNB may be connected to multiple AMF / UPF nodes to provide redundancy and / or to load share across the multiple AMF / UPF nodes.

[0055] As discussed, an interface (e.g., Uu, Xn, and NG interfaces) between the network elements in FIG.1B may be associated with a protocol stack that the network elements use to exchange data and signaling messages. A protocol stack may include two planes: a user plane and a control plane. The user plane may handle data of interest to a user, and the control plane may handle signaling messages of interest to the network elements.

[0056] FIG.2A and FIG.2B respectively illustrate examples of NR user plane and NR control plane protocol stacks for the Uu interface that lies between a UE 210 and a gNB 220. The protocol stacks illustrated in FIG.2A and FIG.2B may be the same or similar to those used for the Uu interface between, for example, the UE 156A and the gNB 160A shown in FIG.1B.Docket No.: 24-1088PCT

[0057] FIG.2A illustrates a NR user plane protocol stack comprising five layers implemented in the UE 210 and the gNB 220. At the bottom of the protocol stack, physical layers (PHYs) 211 and 221 may provide transport services to the higher layers of the protocol stack and may correspond to layer 1 of the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) model. The next four protocols above PHYs 211 and 221 comprise media access control layers (MACs) 212 and 222, radio link control layers (RLCs) 213 and 223, packet data convergence protocol layers (PDCPs) 214 and 224, and service data application protocol layers (SDAPs) 215 and 225. Together, these four protocols may make up layer 2, or the data link layer, of the OSI model.

[0058] FIG.3 illustrates an example of services provided between protocol layers of the NR user plane protocol stack. Starting from the top of FIG.2A and FIG.3, the SDAPs 215 and 225 may perform QoS flow handling. The UE 210 may receive services through a PDU session, which may be a logical connection between the UE 210 and a DN. The PDU session may have one or more QoS flows. A UPF of a CN (e.g., the UPF 158B) may map IP packets to the one or more QoS flows of the PDU session based on QoS requirements (e.g., in terms of delay, data rate, and / or error rate). The SDAPs 215 and 225 may perform mapping / de-mapping between the one or more QoS flows and one or more data radio bearers. The mapping / de-mapping between the QoS flows and the data radio bearers may be determined by the SDAP 225 at the gNB 220. The SDAP 215 at the UE 210 may be informed of the mapping between the QoS flows and the data radio bearers through reflective mapping or control signaling received from the gNB 220. For reflective mapping, the SDAP 225 at the gNB 220 may mark the downlink packets with a QoS flow indicator (QFI), which may be observed by the SDAP 215 at the UE 210 to determine the mapping / de-mapping between the QoS flows and the data radio bearers.

[0059] The PDCPs 214 and 224 may perform header compression / decompression to reduce the amount of data that needs to be transmitted over the air interface, ciphering / deciphering to prevent unauthorized decoding of data transmitted over the air interface, and integrity protection (to ensure control messages originate from intended sources. The PDCPs 214 and 224 may perform retransmissions of undelivered packets, in-sequence delivery and reordering of packets, and removal of packets received in duplicate due to, for example, an intra-gNB handover. The PDCPs 214 and 224 may perform packet duplication to improve the likelihood of the packet being received and, at the receiver, remove any duplicate packets. Packet duplication may be useful for services that require high reliability.

[0060] Although not shown in FIG.3, PDCPs 214 and 224 may perform mapping / de-mapping between a split radio bearer and RLC channels in a dual connectivity scenario. Dual connectivity is a technique that allows a UE to connect to two cells or, more generally, two cell groups: a master cell group (MCG) and a secondary cell group (SCG). A split bearer is when a single radio bearer, such as one of the radio bearers provided by the PDCPs 214 and 224 as a service to the SDAPs 215 and 225, is handled by cell groups in dual connectivity. The PDCPs 214 and 224 may map / de-map the split radio bearer between RLC channels belonging to cell groups.

[0061] The RLCs 213 and 223 may perform segmentation, retransmission through Automatic Repeat Request (ARQ), and removal of duplicate data units received from MACs 212 and 222, respectively. The RLCs 213 and 223Docket No.: 24-1088PCT may support three transmission modes: transparent mode (TM); unacknowledged mode (UM); and acknowledged mode (AM). Based on the transmission mode an RLC is operating, the RLC may perform one or more of the noted functions. The RLC configuration may be per logical channel with no dependency on numerologies and / or Transmission Time Interval (TTI) durations. As shown in FIG.3, the RLCs 213 and 223 may provide RLC channels as a service to PDCPs 214 and 224, respectively.

[0062] The MACs 212 and 222 may perform multiplexing / demultiplexing of logical channels and / or mapping between logical channels and transport channels. The multiplexing / demultiplexing may include multiplexing / demultiplexing of data units, belonging to the one or more logical channels, into / from Transport Blocks (TBs) delivered to / from the PHYs 211 and 221. The MAC 222 may be configured to perform scheduling, scheduling information reporting, and priority handling between UEs by means of dynamic scheduling. Scheduling may be performed in the gNB 220 (at the MAC 222) for downlink and uplink. The MACs 212 and 222 may be configured to perform error correction through Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request (HARQ) (e.g., one HARQ entity per carrier in case of Carrier Aggregation (CA)), priority handling between logical channels of the UE 210 by means of logical channel prioritization, and / or padding. The MACs 212 and 222 may support one or more numerologies and / or transmission timings. In an example, mapping restrictions in a logical channel prioritization may control which numerology and / or transmission timing a logical channel may use. As shown in FIG.3, the MACs 212 and 222 may provide logical channels as a service to the RLCs 213 and 223.

[0063] The PHYs 211 and 221 may perform mapping of transport channels to physical channels and digital and analog signal processing functions for sending and receiving information over the air interface. These digital and analog signal processing functions may include, for example, coding / decoding and modulation / demodulation. The PHYs 211 and 221 may perform multi-antenna mapping. As shown in FIG.3, the PHYs 211 and 221 may provide one or more transport channels as a service to the MACs 212 and 222.

[0064] FIG.4A illustrates an example downlink data flow through the NR user plane protocol stack. FIG.4A illustrates a downlink data flow of three IP packets (n, n+1, and m) through the NR user plane protocol stack to generate two TBs at the gNB 220. An uplink data flow through the NR user plane protocol stack may be similar to the downlink data flow depicted in FIG.4A.

[0065] The downlink data flow of FIG.4A begins when SDAP 225 receives the three IP packets from one or more QoS flows and maps the three packets to radio bearers. In FIG.4A, the SDAP 225 maps IP packets n and n+1 to a first radio bearer 402 and maps IP packet m to a second radio bearer 404. An SDAP header (labeled with an “H” in FIG.4A) is added to an IP packet. The data unit from / to a higher protocol layer is referred to as a service data unit (SDU) of the lower protocol layer and the data unit to / from a lower protocol layer is referred to as a protocol data unit (PDU) of the higher protocol layer. As shown in FIG.4A, the data unit from the SDAP 225 is an SDU of lower protocol layer PDCP 224 and is a PDU of the SDAP 225.

[0066] The remaining protocol layers in FIG.4A may perform their associated functionality (e.g., with respect to FIG. 3), add corresponding headers, and forward their respective outputs to the next lower layer. For example, the PDCPDocket No.: 24-1088PCT 224 may perform IP-header compression and ciphering and forward its output to the RLC 223. The RLC 223 may optionally perform segmentation (e.g., as shown for IP packet m in FIG.4A) and forward its output to the MAC 222. The MAC 222 may multiplex a number of RLC PDUs and may attach a MAC subheader to an RLC PDU to form a transport block. In NR, the MAC subheaders may be distributed across the MAC PDU, as illustrated in FIG.4A. In LTE, the MAC subheaders may be entirely located at the beginning of the MAC PDU. The NR MAC PDU structure may reduce processing time and associated latency because the MAC PDU subheaders may be computed before the full MAC PDU is assembled.

[0067] FIG.4B illustrates an example format of a MAC subheader in a MAC PDU. The MAC subheader includes: an SDU length field for indicating the length (e.g., in bytes) of the MAC SDU to which the MAC subheader corresponds; a logical channel identifier (LCID) field for identifying the logical channel from which the MAC SDU originated to aid in the demultiplexing process; a flag (F) for indicating the size of the SDU length field; and a reserved bit (R) field for future use.

[0068] FIG.4B further illustrates MAC control elements (CEs) inserted into the MAC PDU by a MAC, such as MAC 223 or MAC 222. For example, FIG.4B illustrates two MAC CEs inserted into the MAC PDU. MAC CEs may be inserted at the beginning of a MAC PDU for downlink transmissions (as shown in FIG.4B) and at the end of a MAC PDU for uplink transmissions. MAC CEs may be used for in-band control signaling. Example MAC CEs include: scheduling-related MAC CEs, such as buffer status reports and power headroom reports; activation / deactivation MAC CEs, such as those for activation / deactivation of PDCP duplication detection, channel state information (CSI) reporting, sounding reference signal (SRS) transmission, and prior configured components; discontinuous reception (DRX) related MAC CEs; timing advance MAC CEs; and random access related MAC CEs. A MAC CE may be preceded by a MAC subheader with a similar format as described for MAC SDUs and may be identified with a reserved value in the LCID field that indicates the type of control information included in the MAC CE.

[0069] Before describing the NR control plane protocol stack, logical channels, transport channels, and physical channels are first described as well as a mapping between the channel types. One or more of the channels may be used to carry out functions associated with the NR control plane protocol stack described later below.

[0070] FIG.5A and FIG.5B illustrate, for downlink and uplink respectively, a mapping between logical channels, transport channels, and physical channels. Information is passed through channels between the RLC, the MAC, and the PHY of the NR protocol stack. A logical channel may be used between the RLC and the MAC and may be classified as a control channel that carries control and configuration information in the NR control plane or as a traffic channel that carries data in the NR user plane. A logical channel may be classified as a dedicated logical channel that is dedicated to a specific UE or as a common logical channel that may be used by more than one UE. A logical channel may also be defined by the type of information it carries. The set of logical channels defined by NR include, for example:

[0071] -- a paging control channel (PCCH) for carrying paging messages used to page a UE whose location is not known to the network on a cell level;Docket No.: 24-1088PCT

[0072] -- a broadcast control channel (BCCH) for carrying system information messages in the form of a master information block (MIB) and several system information blocks (SIBs), wherein the system information messages may be used by the UEs to obtain information about how a cell is configured and how to operate within the cell;

[0073] -- a common control channel (CCCH) for carrying control messages together with random access;

[0074] -- a dedicated control channel (DCCH) for carrying control messages to / from a specific the UE to configure the UE; and

[0075] -- a dedicated traffic channel (DTCH) for carrying user data to / from a specific the UE.

[0076] Transport channels are used between the MAC and PHY layers and may be defined by how the information they carry is transmitted over the air interface. The set of transport channels defined by NR include, for example:

[0077] -- a paging channel (PCH) for carrying paging messages that originated from the PCCH;

[0078] -- a broadcast channel (BCH) for carrying the MIB from the BCCH;

[0079] -- a downlink shared channel (DL-SCH) for carrying downlink data and signaling messages, including the SIBs from the BCCH;

[0080] -- an uplink shared channel (UL-SCH) for carrying uplink data and signaling messages; and

[0081] -- a random access channel (RACH) for allowing a UE to contact the network without any prior scheduling.

[0082] The PHY may use physical channels to pass information between processing levels of the PHY. A physical channel may have an associated set of time-frequency resources for carrying the information of one or more transport channels. The PHY may generate control information to support the low-level operation of the PHY and provide the control information to the lower levels of the PHY via physical control channels, known as L1 / L2 control channels. The set of physical channels and physical control channels defined by NR include, for example:

[0083] -- a physical broadcast channel (PBCH) for carrying the MIB from the BCH;

[0084] -- a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) for carrying downlink data and signaling messages from the DL-SCH, as well as paging messages from the PCH;

[0085] -- a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) for carrying downlink control information (DCI), which may include downlink scheduling commands, uplink scheduling grants, and uplink power control commands;

[0086] -- a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) for carrying uplink data and signaling messages from the UL- SCH and in some instances uplink control information (UCI) as described below;

[0087] -- a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) for carrying UCI, which may include HARQ acknowledgments, channel quality indicators (CQI), pre-coding matrix indicators (PMI), rank indicators (RI), and scheduling requests (SR); and

[0088] -- a physical random access channel (PRACH) for random access.

[0089] Similar to the physical control channels, the physical layer generates physical signals to support the low-level operation of the physical layer. As shown in FIG.5A and FIG.5B, the physical layer signals defined by NR include: primary synchronization signals (PSS), secondary synchronization signals (SSS), channel state information referenceDocket No.: 24-1088PCT signals (CSI-RS), demodulation reference signals (DMRS), sounding reference signals (SRS), and phase-tracking reference signals (PT-RS). These physical layer signals will be described in greater detail below.

[0090] FIG.2B illustrates an example NR control plane protocol stack. As shown in FIG.2B, the NR control plane protocol stack may use the same / similar first four protocol layers as the example NR user plane protocol stack. These four protocol layers include the PHYs 211 and 221, the MACs 212 and 222, the RLCs 213 and 223, and the PDCPs 214 and 224. Instead of having the SDAPs 215 and 225 at the top of the stack as in the NR user plane protocol stack, the NR control plane stack has radio resource controls (RRCs) 216 and 226 and NAS protocols 217 and 237 at the top of the NR control plane protocol stack.

[0091] The NAS protocols 217 and 237 may provide control plane functionality between the UE 210 and the AMF 230 (e.g., the AMF 158A) or, more generally, between the UE 210 and the CN. The NAS protocols 217 and 237 may provide control plane functionality between the UE 210 and the AMF 230 via signaling messages, referred to as NAS messages. There is no direct path between the UE 210 and the AMF 230 through which the NAS messages can be transported. The NAS messages may be transported using the AS of the Uu and NG interfaces. NAS protocols 217 and 237 may provide control plane functionality such as authentication, security, connection setup, mobility management, and session management.

[0092] The RRCs 216 and 226 may provide control plane functionality between the UE 210 and the gNB 220 or, more generally, between the UE 210 and the RAN. The RRCs 216 and 226 may provide control plane functionality between the UE 210 and the gNB 220 via signaling messages, referred to as RRC messages. RRC messages may be transmitted between the UE 210 and the RAN using signaling radio bearers and the same / similar PDCP, RLC, MAC, and PHY protocol layers. The MAC may multiplex control-plane and user-plane data into the same transport block (TB). The RRCs 216 and 226 may provide control plane functionality such as: broadcast of system information related to AS and NAS; paging initiated by the CN or the RAN; establishment, maintenance and release of an RRC connection between the UE 210 and the RAN; security functions including key management; establishment, configuration, maintenance and release of signaling radio bearers and data radio bearers; mobility functions; QoS management functions; the UE measurement reporting and control of the reporting; detection of and recovery from radio link failure (RLF); and / or NAS message transfer. As part of establishing an RRC connection, RRCs 216 and 226 may establish an RRC context, which may involve configuring parameters for communication between the UE 210 and the RAN.

[0093] FIG.6 is an example diagram showing RRC state transitions of a UE. The UE may be the same or similar to the wireless device 106 depicted in FIG.1A, the UE 210 depicted in FIG.2A and FIG.2B, or any other wireless device described in the present disclosure. As illustrated in FIG.6, a UE may be in at least one of three RRC states: RRC connected 602 (e.g., RRC_CONNECTED), RRC idle 604 (e.g., RRC_IDLE), and RRC inactive 606 (e.g., RRC_INACTIVE).

[0094] In RRC connected 602, the UE has an established RRC context and may have at least one RRC connection with a base station. The base station may be similar to one of the one or more base stations included in the RAN 104Docket No.: 24-1088PCT depicted in FIG.1A, one of the gNBs 160 or ng-eNBs 162 depicted in FIG.1B, the gNB 220 depicted in FIG.2A and FIG.2B, or any other base station described in the present disclosure. The base station with which the UE is connected may have the RRC context for the UE. The RRC context, referred to as the UE context, may comprise parameters for communication between the UE and the base station. These parameters may include, for example: one or more AS contexts; one or more radio link configuration parameters; bearer configuration information (e.g., relating to a data radio bearer, signaling radio bearer, logical channel, QoS flow, and / or PDU session); security information; and / or PHY, MAC, RLC, PDCP, and / or SDAP layer configuration information. While in RRC connected 602, mobility of the UE may be managed by the RAN (e.g., the RAN 104 or the NG-RAN 154). The UE may measure the signal levels (e.g., reference signal levels) from a serving cell and neighboring cells and report these measurements to the base station currently serving the UE. The UE’s serving base station may request a handover to a cell of one of the neighboring base stations based on the reported measurements. The RRC state may transition from RRC connected 602 to RRC idle 604 through a connection release procedure 608 or to RRC inactive 606 through a connection inactivation procedure 610.

[0095] In RRC idle 604, an RRC context may not be established for the UE. In RRC idle 604, the UE may not have an RRC connection with the base station. While in RRC idle 604, the UE may be in a sleep state for the majority of the time (e.g., to conserve battery power). The UE may wake up periodically (e.g., once in every discontinuous reception cycle) to monitor for paging messages from the RAN. Mobility of the UE may be managed by the UE through a procedure known as cell reselection. The RRC state may transition from RRC idle 604 to RRC connected 602 through a connection establishment procedure 612, which may involve a random access procedure as discussed in greater detail below.

[0096] In RRC inactive 606, the RRC context previously established is maintained in the UE and the base station. This allows for a fast transition to RRC connected 602 with reduced signaling overhead as compared to the transition from RRC idle 604 to RRC connected 602. While in RRC inactive 606, the UE may be in a sleep state and mobility of the UE may be managed by the UE through cell reselection. The RRC state may transition from RRC inactive 606 to RRC connected 602 through a connection resume procedure 614 or to RRC idle 604 though a connection release procedure 616 that may be the same as or similar to connection release procedure 608.

[0097] An RRC state may be associated with a mobility management mechanism. In RRC idle 604 and RRC inactive 606, mobility is managed by the UE through cell reselection. The purpose of mobility management in RRC idle 604 and RRC inactive 606 is to allow the network to be able to notify the UE of an event via a paging message without having to broadcast the paging message over the entire mobile communications network. The mobility management mechanism used in RRC idle 604 and RRC inactive 606 may allow the network to track the UE on a cell-group level so that the paging message may be broadcast over the cells of the cell group that the UE currently resides within instead of the entire mobile communication network. The mobility management mechanisms for RRC idle 604 and RRC inactive 606 track the UE on a cell-group level. They may do so using different granularities of grouping. For example, there may be three levels of cell-grouping granularity: individual cells; cells within a RAN area identified by a RAN area identifierDocket No.: 24-1088PCT (RAI); and cells within a group of RAN areas, referred to as a tracking area and identified by a tracking area identifier (TAI).

[0098] Tracking areas may be used to track the UE at the CN level. The CN (e.g., the CN 102 or the 5G-CN 152) may provide the UE with a list of TAIs associated with a UE registration area. If the UE moves, through cell reselection, to a cell associated with a TAI not included in the list of TAIs associated with the UE registration area, the UE may perform a registration update with the CN to allow the CN to update the UE’s location and provide the UE with a new the UE registration area.

[0099] RAN areas may be used to track the UE at the RAN level. For a UE in RRC inactive 606 state, the UE may be assigned a RAN notification area. A RAN notification area may comprise one or more cell identities, a list of RAIs, or a list of TAIs. In an example, a base station may belong to one or more RAN notification areas. In an example, a cell may belong to one or more RAN notification areas. If the UE moves, through cell reselection, to a cell not included in the RAN notification area assigned to the UE, the UE may perform a notification area update with the RAN to update the UE’s RAN notification area.

[0100] A base station storing an RRC context for a UE or a last serving base station of the UE may be referred to as an anchor base station. An anchor base station may maintain an RRC context for the UE at least during a period of time that the UE stays in a RAN notification area of the anchor base station and / or during a period of time that the UE stays in RRC inactive 606.

[0101] A gNB, such as gNBs 160 in FIG.1B, may be split into two parts: a central unit (gNB-CU), and one or more distributed units (gNB-DU). A gNB-CU may be coupled to one or more gNB-DUs using an F1 interface. The gNB-CU may comprise the RRC, the PDCP, and the SDAP. A gNB-DU may comprise the RLC, the MAC, and the PHY.

[0102] In NR, the physical signals and physical channels (discussed with respect to FIG.5A and FIG.5B) may be mapped onto orthogonal frequency divisional multiplexing (OFDM) symbols. OFDM is a multicarrier communication scheme that transmits data over F orthogonal subcarriers (or tones). Before transmission, the data may be mapped to a series of complex symbols (e.g., M-quadrature amplitude modulation (M-QAM) or M-phase shift keying (M-PSK) symbols), referred to as source symbols, and divided into F parallel symbol streams. The F parallel symbol streams may be treated as though they are in the frequency domain and used as inputs to an Inverse Fast Fourier Transform (IFFT) block that transforms them into the time domain. The IFFT block may take in F source symbols at a time, one from each of the F parallel symbol streams, and use each source symbol to modulate the amplitude and phase of one of F sinusoidal basis functions that correspond to the F orthogonal subcarriers. The output of the IFFT block may be F time-domain samples that represent the summation of the F orthogonal subcarriers. The F time-domain samples may form a single OFDM symbol. After some processing (e.g., addition of a cyclic prefix) and up-conversion, an OFDM symbol provided by the IFFT block may be transmitted over the air interface on a carrier frequency. The F parallel symbol streams may be mixed using an FFT block before being processed by the IFFT block. This operation produces Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT)-precoded OFDM symbols and may be used by UEs in the uplink to reduce the peakDocket No.: 24-1088PCT to average power ratio (PAPR). Inverse processing may be performed on the OFDM symbol at a receiver using an FFT block to recover the data mapped to the source symbols.

[0103] FIG.7 illustrates an example configuration of an NR frame into which OFDM symbols are grouped. An NR frame may be identified by a system frame number (SFN). The SFN may repeat with a period of 1024 frames. As illustrated, one NR frame may be 10 milliseconds (ms) in duration and may include 10 subframes that are 1 ms in duration. A subframe may be divided into slots that include, for example, 14 OFDM symbols per slot.

[0104] The duration of a slot may depend on the numerology used for the OFDM symbols of the slot. In NR, a flexible numerology is supported to accommodate different cell deployments (e.g., cells with carrier frequencies below 1 GHz up to cells with carrier frequencies in the mm-wave range). A numerology may be defined in terms of subcarrier spacing and cyclic prefix duration. For a numerology in NR, subcarrier spacings may be scaled up by powers of two from a baseline subcarrier spacing of 15 kHz, and cyclic prefix durations may be scaled down by powers of two from a baseline cyclic prefix duration of 4.7 µs. For example, NR defines numerologies with the following subcarrier spacing / cyclic prefix duration combinations: 15 kHz / 4.7 µs; 30 kHz / 2.3 µs; 60 kHz / 1.2 µs; 120 kHz / 0.59 µs; and 240 kHz / 0.29 µs.

[0105] A slot may have a fixed number of OFDM symbols (e.g., 14 OFDM symbols). A numerology with a higher subcarrier spacing has a shorter slot duration and, correspondingly, more slots per subframe. FIG.7 illustrates this numerology-dependent slot duration and slots-per-subframe transmission structure (the numerology with a subcarrier spacing of 240 kHz is not shown in FIG.7 for ease of illustration). A subframe in NR may be used as a numerology- independent time reference, while a slot may be used as the unit upon which uplink and downlink transmissions are scheduled. To support low latency, scheduling in NR may be decoupled from the slot duration and start at any OFDM symbol and last for as many symbols as needed for a transmission. These partial slot transmissions may be referred to as mini-slot or subslot transmissions.

[0106] FIG.8 illustrates an example configuration of a slot in the time and frequency domain for an NR carrier. The slot includes resource elements (REs) and resource blocks (RBs). An RE is the smallest physical resource in NR. An RE spans one OFDM symbol in the time domain by one subcarrier in the frequency domain as shown in FIG.8. An RB spans twelve consecutive REs in the frequency domain as shown in FIG.8. An NR carrier may be limited to a width of 275 RBs or 275×12 = 3300 subcarriers. Such a limitation, if used, may limit the NR carrier to 50, 100, 200, and 400 MHz for subcarrier spacings of 15, 30, 60, and 120 kHz, respectively, where the 400 MHz bandwidth may be set based on a 400 MHz per carrier bandwidth limit.

[0107] FIG.8 illustrates a single numerology being used across the entire bandwidth of the NR carrier. In other example configurations, multiple numerologies may be supported on the same carrier.

[0108] NR may support wide carrier bandwidths (e.g., up to 400 MHz for a subcarrier spacing of 120 kHz). Not all UEs may be able to receive the full carrier bandwidth (e.g., due to hardware limitations). Also, receiving the full carrier bandwidth may be prohibitive in terms of UE power consumption. In an example, to reduce power consumption and / orDocket No.: 24-1088PCT for other purposes, a UE may adapt the size of the UE’s receive bandwidth based on the amount of traffic the UE is scheduled to receive. This is referred to as bandwidth adaptation.

[0109] NR defines bandwidth parts (BWPs) to support UEs not capable of receiving the full carrier bandwidth and to support bandwidth adaptation. In an example, a BWP may be defined by a subset of contiguous RBs on a carrier. A UE may be configured (e.g., via RRC layer) with one or more downlink BWPs and one or more uplink BWPs per serving cell (e.g., up to four downlink BWPs and up to four uplink BWPs per serving cell). At a given time, one or more of the configured BWPs for a serving cell may be active. These one or more BWPs may be referred to as active BWPs of the serving cell. When a serving cell is configured with a secondary uplink carrier, the serving cell may have one or more first active BWPs in the uplink carrier and one or more second active BWPs in the secondary uplink carrier.

[0110] For unpaired spectra, a downlink BWP from a set of configured downlink BWPs may be linked with an uplink BWP from a set of configured uplink BWPs if a downlink BWP index of the downlink BWP and an uplink BWP index of the uplink BWP are the same. For unpaired spectra, a UE may expect that a center frequency for a downlink BWP is the same as a center frequency for an uplink BWP.

[0111] For a downlink BWP in a set of configured downlink BWPs on a primary cell (PCell), a base station may configure a UE with one or more control resource sets (CORESETs) for at least one search space. A search space is a set of locations in the time and frequency domains where the UE may find control information. The search space may be a UE-specific search space or a common search space (potentially usable by a plurality of UEs). For example, a base station may configure a UE with a common search space, on a PCell or on a primary secondary cell (PSCell), in an active downlink BWP.

[0112] For an uplink BWP in a set of configured uplink BWPs, a BS may configure a UE with one or more resource sets for one or more PUCCH transmissions. A UE may receive downlink receptions (e.g., PDCCH or PDSCH) in a downlink BWP according to a configured numerology (e.g., subcarrier spacing and cyclic prefix duration) for the downlink BWP. The UE may transmit uplink transmissions (e.g., PUCCH or PUSCH) in an uplink BWP according to a configured numerology (e.g., subcarrier spacing and cyclic prefix length for the uplink BWP).

[0113] One or more BWP indicator fields may be provided in Downlink Control Information (DCI). A value of a BWP indicator field may indicate which BWP in a set of configured BWPs is an active downlink BWP for one or more downlink receptions. The value of the one or more BWP indicator fields may indicate an active uplink BWP for one or more uplink transmissions.

[0114] A base station may semi-statically configure a UE with a default downlink BWP within a set of configured downlink BWPs associated with a PCell. If the base station does not provide the default downlink BWP to the UE, the default downlink BWP may be an initial active downlink BWP. The UE may determine which BWP is the initial active downlink BWP based on a CORESET configuration obtained using the PBCH.

[0115] A base station may configure a UE with a BWP inactivity timer value for a PCell. The UE may start or restart a BWP inactivity timer at any appropriate time. For example, the UE may start or restart the BWP inactivity timer (a) whenDocket No.: 24-1088PCT the UE detects a DCI indicating an active downlink BWP other than a default downlink BWP for a paired spectra operation; or (b) when a UE detects a DCI indicating an active downlink BWP or active uplink BWP other than a default downlink BWP or uplink BWP for an unpaired spectra operation. If the UE does not detect DCI during an interval of time (e.g., 1 ms or 0.5 ms), the UE may run the BWP inactivity timer toward expiration (for example, increment from zero to the BWP inactivity timer value, or decrement from the BWP inactivity timer value to zero). When the BWP inactivity timer expires, the UE may switch from the active downlink BWP to the default downlink BWP.

[0116] In an example, a base station may semi-statically configure a UE with one or more BWPs. A UE may switch an active BWP from a first BWP to a second BWP in response to receiving a DCI indicating the second BWP as an active BWP and / or in response to an expiry of the BWP inactivity timer (e.g., if the second BWP is the default BWP).

[0117] Downlink and uplink BWP switching (where BWP switching refers to switching from a currently active BWP to a not currently active BWP) may be performed independently in paired spectra. In unpaired spectra, downlink and uplink BWP switching may be performed simultaneously. Switching between configured BWPs may occur based on RRC signaling, DCI, expiration of a BWP inactivity timer, and / or an initiation of random access.

[0118] FIG.9 illustrates an example of bandwidth adaptation using three configured BWPs for an NR carrier. A UE configured with the three BWPs may switch from one BWP to another BWP at a switching point. In the example illustrated in FIG.9, the BWPs include: a BWP 902 with a bandwidth of 40 MHz and a subcarrier spacing of 15 kHz; a BWP 904 with a bandwidth of 10 MHz and a subcarrier spacing of 15 kHz; and a BWP 906 with a bandwidth of 20 MHz and a subcarrier spacing of 60 kHz. The BWP 902 may be an initial active BWP, and the BWP 904 may be a default BWP. The UE may switch between BWPs at switching points. In the example of FIG.9, the UE may switch from the BWP 902 to the BWP 904 at a switching point 908. The switching at the switching point 908 may occur for any suitable reason, for example, in response to an expiry of a BWP inactivity timer (indicating switching to the default BWP) and / or in response to receiving a DCI indicating BWP 904 as the active BWP. The UE may switch at a switching point 910 from active BWP 904 to BWP 906 in response to receiving a DCI indicating BWP 906 as the active BWP. The UE may switch at a switching point 912 from active BWP 906 to BWP 904 in response to an expiry of a BWP inactivity timer and / or in response to receiving a DCI indicating BWP 904 as the active BWP. The UE may switch at a switching point 914 from active BWP 904 to BWP 902 in response to receiving a DCI indicating BWP 902 as the active BWP.

[0119] If a UE is configured for a secondary cell with a default downlink BWP in a set of configured downlink BWPs and a timer value, UE procedures for switching BWPs on a secondary cell may be the same / similar as those on a primary cell. For example, the UE may use the timer value and the default downlink BWP for the secondary cell in the same / similar manner as the UE would use these values for a primary cell.

[0120] To provide for greater data rates, two or more carriers can be aggregated and simultaneously transmitted to / from the same UE using carrier aggregation (CA). The aggregated carriers in CA may be referred to as component carriers (CCs). When CA is used, there are a number of serving cells for the UE, one for a CC. The CCs may have three configurations in the frequency domain.Docket No.: 24-1088PCT

[0121] FIG.10A illustrates the three CA configurations with two CCs. In the intraband, contiguous configuration 1002, the two CCs are aggregated in the same frequency band (frequency band A) and are located directly adjacent to each other within the frequency band. In the intraband, non-contiguous configuration 1004, the two CCs are aggregated in the same frequency band (frequency band A) and are separated in the frequency band by a gap. In the interband configuration 1006, the two CCs are located in frequency bands (frequency band A and frequency band B).

[0122] In an example, up to 32 CCs may be aggregated. The aggregated CCs may have the same or different bandwidths, subcarrier spacing, and / or duplexing schemes (TDD or FDD). A serving cell for a UE using CA may have a downlink CC. For FDD, one or more uplink CCs may be optionally configured for a serving cell. The ability to aggregate more downlink carriers than uplink carriers may be useful, for example, when the UE has more data traffic in the downlink than in the uplink.

[0123] When CA is used, one of the aggregated cells for a UE may be referred to as a primary cell (PCell). The PCell may be the serving cell that the UE initially connects to at RRC connection establishment, reestablishment, and / or handover. The PCell may provide the UE with NAS mobility information and the security input. UEs may have different PCells. In the downlink, the carrier corresponding to the PCell may be referred to as the downlink primary CC (DL PCC). In the uplink, the carrier corresponding to the PCell may be referred to as the uplink primary CC (UL PCC). The other aggregated cells for the UE may be referred to as secondary cells (SCells). In an example, the SCells may be configured after the PCell is configured for the UE. For example, an SCell may be configured through an RRC Connection Reconfiguration procedure. In the downlink, the carrier corresponding to an SCell may be referred to as a downlink secondary CC (DL SCC). In the uplink, the carrier corresponding to the SCell may be referred to as the uplink secondary CC (UL SCC).

[0124] Configured SCells for a UE may be activated and deactivated based on, for example, traffic and channel conditions. Deactivation of an SCell may mean that PDCCH and PDSCH reception on the SCell is stopped and PUSCH, SRS, and CQI transmissions on the SCell are stopped. Configured SCells may be activated and deactivated using a MAC CE with respect to FIG.4B. For example, a MAC CE may use a bitmap (e.g., one bit per SCell) to indicate which SCells (e.g., in a subset of configured SCells) for the UE are activated or deactivated. Configured SCells may be deactivated in response to an expiration of an SCell deactivation timer (e.g., one SCell deactivation timer per SCell).

[0125] Downlink control information, such as scheduling assignments and scheduling grants, for a cell may be transmitted on the cell corresponding to the assignments and grants, which is known as self-scheduling. The DCI for the cell may be transmitted on another cell, which is known as cross-carrier scheduling. Uplink control information (e.g., HARQ acknowledgments and channel state feedback, such as CQI, PMI, and / or RI) for aggregated cells may be transmitted on the PUCCH of the PCell. For a larger number of aggregated downlink CCs, the PUCCH of the PCell may become overloaded. Cells may be divided into multiple PUCCH groups.

[0126] FIG.10B illustrates an example of how aggregated cells may be configured into one or more PUCCH groups. A PUCCH group 1010 and a PUCCH group 1050 may include one or more downlink CCs, respectively. In the exampleDocket No.: 24-1088PCT of FIG.10B, the PUCCH group 1010 includes three downlink CCs: a PCell 1011, an SCell 1012, and an SCell 1013. The PUCCH group 1050 includes three downlink CCs in the present example: a PCell 1051, an SCell 1052, and an SCell 1053. One or more uplink CCs may be configured as a PCell 1021, an SCell 1022, and an SCell 1023. One or more other uplink CCs may be configured as a primary SCell (PSCell) 1061, an SCell 1062, and an SCell 1063. Uplink control information (UCI) related to the downlink CCs of the PUCCH group 1010, shown as UCI 1031, UCI 1032, and UCI 1033, may be transmitted in the uplink of the PCell 1021. Uplink control information (UCI) related to the downlink CCs of the PUCCH group 1050, shown as UCI 1071, UCI 1072, and UCI 1073, may be transmitted in the uplink of the PSCell 1061. In an example, if the aggregated cells depicted in FIG.10B were not divided into the PUCCH group 1010 and the PUCCH group 1050, a single uplink PCell to transmit UCI relating to the downlink CCs, and the PCell may become overloaded. By dividing transmissions of UCI between the PCell 1021 and the PSCell 1061, overloading may be prevented.

[0127] A cell, comprising a downlink carrier and optionally an uplink carrier, may be assigned with a physical cell ID and a cell index. The physical cell ID or the cell index may identify a downlink carrier and / or an uplink carrier of the cell, for example, depending on the context in which the physical cell ID is used. A physical cell ID may be determined using a synchronization signal transmitted on a downlink component carrier. A cell index may be determined using RRC messages. In the disclosure, a physical cell ID may be referred to as a carrier ID, and a cell index may be referred to as a carrier index. For example, when the disclosure refers to a first physical cell ID for a first downlink carrier, the disclosure may mean the first physical cell ID is for a cell comprising the first downlink carrier. The same / similar concept may apply to, for example, a carrier activation. When the disclosure indicates that a first carrier is activated, the specification may mean that a cell comprising the first carrier is activated.

[0128] In CA, a multi-carrier nature of a PHY may be exposed to a MAC. In an example, a HARQ entity may operate on a serving cell. A transport block may be generated per assignment / grant per serving cell. A transport block and potential HARQ retransmissions of the transport block may be mapped to a serving cell.

[0129] In the downlink, a base station may transmit (e.g., unicast, multicast, and / or broadcast) one or more Reference Signals (RSs) to a UE (e.g., PSS, SSS, CSI-RS, DMRS, and / or PT-RS, as shown in FIG.5A). In the uplink, the UE may transmit one or more RSs to the base station (e.g., DMRS, PT-RS, and / or SRS, as shown in FIG.5B). The PSS and the SSS may be transmitted by the base station and used by the UE to synchronize the UE to the base station. The PSS and the SSS may be provided in a synchronization signal (SS) / physical broadcast channel (PBCH) block that includes the PSS, the SSS, and the PBCH. The base station may periodically transmit a burst of SS / PBCH blocks.

[0130] FIG.11A illustrates an example of an SS / PBCH block's structure and location. A burst of SS / PBCH blocks may include one or more SS / PBCH blocks (e.g., 4 SS / PBCH blocks, as shown in FIG.11A). Bursts may be transmitted periodically (e.g., every 2 frames or 20 ms). A burst may be restricted to a half-frame (e.g., a first half-frame having a duration of 5 ms). It will be understood that FIG.11A is an example, and that these parameters (number of SS / PBCHDocket No.: 24-1088PCT blocks per burst, periodicity of bursts, position of burst within the frame) may be configured based on, for example: a carrier frequency of a cell in which the SS / PBCH block is transmitted; a numerology or subcarrier spacing of the cell; a configuration by the network (e.g., using RRC signaling); or any other suitable factor. In an example, the UE may assume a subcarrier spacing for the SS / PBCH block based on the carrier frequency being monitored, unless the radio network configured the UE to assume a different subcarrier spacing.

[0131] The SS / PBCH block may span one or more OFDM symbols in the time domain (e.g., 4 OFDM symbols, as shown in the example of FIG.11A) and may span one or more subcarriers in the frequency domain (e.g., 240 contiguous subcarriers). The PSS, the SSS, and the PBCH may have a common center frequency. The PSS may be transmitted first and may span, for example, 1 OFDM symbol and 127 subcarriers. The SSS may be transmitted after the PSS (e.g., two symbols later) and may span 1 OFDM symbol and 127 subcarriers. The PBCH may be transmitted after the PSS (e.g., across the next 3 OFDM symbols) and may span 240 subcarriers.

[0132] The location of the SS / PBCH block in the time and frequency domains may not be known to the UE (e.g., if the UE is searching for the cell). To find and select the cell, the UE may monitor a carrier for the PSS. For example, the UE may monitor a frequency location within the carrier. If the PSS is not found after a certain duration (e.g., 20 ms), the UE may search for the PSS at a different frequency location within the carrier, as indicated by a synchronization raster. If the PSS is found at a location in the time and frequency domains, the UE may determine, based on a known structure of the SS / PBCH block, the locations of the SSS and the PBCH, respectively. The SS / PBCH block may be a cell- defining SS block (CD-SSB). In an example, a primary cell may be associated with a CD-SSB. The CD-SSB may be located on a synchronization raster. In an example, a cell selection / search and / or reselection may be based on the CD- SSB.

[0133] The SS / PBCH block may be used by the UE to determine one or more parameters of the cell. For example, the UE may determine a physical cell identifier (PCI) of the cell based on the sequences of the PSS and the SSS, respectively. The UE may determine a location of a frame boundary of the cell based on the location of the SS / PBCH block. For example, the SS / PBCH block may indicate that it has been transmitted in accordance with a transmission pattern, wherein a SS / PBCH block in the transmission pattern is a known distance from the frame boundary.

[0134] The PBCH may use a QPSK modulation and may use forward error correction (FEC). The FEC may use polar coding. One or more symbols spanned by the PBCH may carry one or more DMRSs for demodulation of the PBCH. The PBCH may include an indication of a current system frame number (SFN) of the cell and / or a SS / PBCH block timing index. These parameters may facilitate time synchronization of the UE to the base station. The PBCH may include a master information block (MIB) used to provide the UE with one or more parameters. The MIB may be used by the UE to locate remaining minimum system information (RMSI) associated with the cell. The RMSI may include a System Information Block Type 1 (SIB1). The SIB1 may contain information needed by the UE to access the cell. The UE may use one or more parameters of the MIB to monitor PDCCH, which may be used to schedule PDSCH. The PDSCH may include the SIB1. The SIB1 may be decoded using parameters provided in the MIB. The PBCH mayDocket No.: 24-1088PCT indicate an absence of SIB1. Based on the PBCH indicating the absence of SIB1, the UE may be pointed to a frequency. The UE may search for an SS / PBCH block at the frequency to which the UE is pointed.

[0135] The UE may assume that one or more SS / PBCH blocks transmitted with a same SS / PBCH block index are quasi co-located (QCLed) (e.g., having the same / similar Doppler spread, Doppler shift, average gain, average delay, and / or spatial Rx parameters). The UE may not assume QCL for SS / PBCH block transmissions having different SS / PBCH block indices.

[0136] SS / PBCH blocks (e.g., those within a half-frame) may be transmitted in spatial directions (e.g., using different beams that span a coverage area of the cell). In an example, a first SS / PBCH block may be transmitted in a first spatial direction using a first beam, and a second SS / PBCH block may be transmitted in a second spatial direction using a second beam.

[0137] In an example, within a frequency span of a carrier, a base station may transmit a plurality of SS / PBCH blocks. In an example, a first PCI of a first SS / PBCH block of the plurality of SS / PBCH blocks may be different from a second PCI of a second SS / PBCH block of the plurality of SS / PBCH blocks. The PCIs of SS / PBCH blocks transmitted in different frequency locations may be different or the same.

[0138] The CSI-RS may be transmitted by the base station and used by the UE to acquire channel state information (CSI). The base station may configure the UE with one or more CSI-RSs for channel estimation or any other suitable purpose. The base station may configure a UE with one or more of the same / similar CSI-RSs. The UE may measure the one or more CSI-RSs. The UE may estimate a downlink channel state and / or generate a CSI report based on the measuring of the one or more downlink CSI-RSs. The UE may provide the CSI report to the base station. The base station may use feedback provided by the UE (e.g., the estimated downlink channel state) to perform link adaptation.

[0139] The base station may semi-statically configure the UE with one or more CSI-RS resource sets. A CSI-RS resource may be associated with a location in the time and frequency domains and a periodicity. The base station may selectively activate and / or deactivate a CSI-RS resource. The base station may indicate to the UE that a CSI-RS resource in the CSI-RS resource set is activated and / or deactivated.

[0140] The base station may configure the UE to report CSI measurements. The base station may configure the UE to provide CSI reports periodically, aperiodically, or semi-persistently. For periodic CSI reporting, the UE may be configured with a timing and / or periodicity of a plurality of CSI reports. For aperiodic CSI reporting, the base station may request a CSI report. For example, the base station may command the UE to measure a configured CSI-RS resource and provide a CSI report relating to the measurements. For semi-persistent CSI reporting, the base station may configure the UE to transmit periodically, and selectively activate or deactivate the periodic reporting. The base station may configure the UE with a CSI-RS resource set and CSI reports using RRC signaling.

[0141] The CSI-RS configuration may comprise one or more parameters indicating, for example, up to 32 antenna ports. The UE may be configured to employ the same OFDM symbols for a downlink CSI-RS and a control resource set (CORESET) when the downlink CSI-RS and CORESET are spatially QCLed and resource elements associated withDocket No.: 24-1088PCT the downlink CSI-RS are outside of the physical resource blocks (PRBs) configured for the CORESET. The UE may be configured to employ the same OFDM symbols for downlink CSI-RS and SS / PBCH blocks when the downlink CSI-RS and SS / PBCH blocks are spatially QCLed and resource elements associated with the downlink CSI-RS are outside of PRBs configured for the SS / PBCH blocks.

[0142] Downlink DMRSs may be transmitted by a base station and used by a UE for channel estimation. For example, the downlink DMRS may be used for coherent demodulation of one or more downlink physical channels (e.g., PDSCH). An NR network may support one or more variable and / or configurable DMRS patterns for data demodulation. At least one downlink DMRS configuration may support a front-loaded DMRS pattern. A front-loaded DMRS may be mapped over one or more OFDM symbols (e.g., one or two adjacent OFDM symbols). A base station may semi- statically configure the UE with a number (e.g. a maximum number) of front-loaded DMRS symbols for PDSCH. A DMRS configuration may support one or more DMRS ports. For example, for single user-MIMO, a DMRS configuration may support up to eight orthogonal downlink DMRS ports per UE. For multiuser-MIMO, a DMRS configuration may support up to 4 orthogonal downlink DMRS ports per UE. A radio network may support (e.g., at least for CP-OFDM) a common DMRS structure for downlink and uplink, wherein a DMRS location, a DMRS pattern, and / or a scrambling sequence may be the same or different. The base station may transmit a downlink DMRS and a corresponding PDSCH using the same precoding matrix. The UE may use the one or more downlink DMRSs for coherent demodulation / channel estimation of the PDSCH.

[0143] In an example, a transmitter (e.g., a base station) may use a precoder matrices for a part of a transmission bandwidth. For example, the transmitter may use a first precoder matrix for a first bandwidth and a second precoder matrix for a second bandwidth. The first precoder matrix and the second precoder matrix may be different based on the first bandwidth being different from the second bandwidth. The UE may assume that a same precoding matrix is used across a set of PRBs. The set of PRBs may be denoted as a precoding resource block group (PRG).

[0144] A PDSCH may comprise one or more layers. The UE may assume that at least one symbol with DMRS is present on a layer of the one or more layers of the PDSCH. A higher layer may configure up to 3 DMRSs for the PDSCH.

[0145] Downlink PT-RS may be transmitted by a base station and used by a UE for phase-noise compensation. Whether a downlink PT-RS is present or not may depend on an RRC configuration. The presence and / or pattern of the downlink PT-RS may be configured on a UE-specific basis using a combination of RRC signaling and / or an association with one or more parameters employed for other purposes (e.g., modulation and coding scheme (MCS)), which may be indicated by DCI. When configured, a dynamic presence of a downlink PT-RS may be associated with one or more DCI parameters comprising at least MCS. An NR network may support a plurality of PT-RS densities defined in the time and / or frequency domains. When present, a frequency domain density may be associated with at least one configuration of a scheduled bandwidth. The UE may assume a same precoding for a DMRS port and a PT-RS port. A number of PT-RS ports may be fewer than a number of DMRS ports in a scheduled resource. Downlink PT-RS may beDocket No.: 24-1088PCT confined in the scheduled time / frequency duration for the UE. Downlink PT-RS may be transmitted on symbols to facilitate phase tracking at the receiver.

[0146] The UE may transmit an uplink DMRS to a base station for channel estimation. For example, the base station may use the uplink DMRS for coherent demodulation of one or more uplink physical channels. For example, the UE may transmit an uplink DMRS with a PUSCH and / or a PUCCH. The uplink DM-RS may span a range of frequencies that is similar to a range of frequencies associated with the corresponding physical channel. The base station may configure the UE with one or more uplink DMRS configurations. At least one DMRS configuration may support a front- loaded DMRS pattern. The front-loaded DMRS may be mapped over one or more OFDM symbols (e.g., one or two adjacent OFDM symbols). One or more uplink DMRSs may be configured to transmit at one or more symbols of a PUSCH and / or a PUCCH. The base station may semi-statically configure the UE with a number (e.g. maximum number) of front-loaded DMRS symbols for the PUSCH and / or the PUCCH, which the UE may use to schedule a single-symbol DMRS and / or a double-symbol DMRS. An NR network may support (e.g., for cyclic prefix orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (CP-OFDM)) a common DMRS structure for downlink and uplink, wherein a DMRS location, a DMRS pattern, and / or a scrambling sequence for the DMRS may be the same or different.

[0147] A PUSCH may comprise one or more layers, and the UE may transmit at least one symbol with DMRS present on a layer of the one or more layers of the PUSCH. In an example, a higher layer may configure up to three DMRSs for the PUSCH.

[0148] Uplink PT-RS (which may be used by a base station for phase tracking and / or phase-noise compensation) may or may not be present depending on an RRC configuration of the UE. The presence and / or pattern of uplink PT- RS may be configured on a UE-specific basis by a combination of RRC signaling and / or one or more parameters employed for other purposes (e.g., Modulation and Coding Scheme (MCS)), which may be indicated by DCI. When configured, a dynamic presence of uplink PT-RS may be associated with one or more DCI parameters comprising at least MCS. A radio network may support a plurality of uplink PT-RS densities defined in time / frequency domain. When present, a frequency domain density may be associated with at least one configuration of a scheduled bandwidth. The UE may assume a same precoding for a DMRS port and a PT-RS port. A number of PT-RS ports may be fewer than a number of DMRS ports in a scheduled resource. For example, uplink PT-RS may be confined in the scheduled time / frequency duration for the UE.

[0149] SRS may be transmitted by a UE to a base station for channel state estimation to support uplink channel dependent scheduling and / or link adaptation. SRS transmitted by the UE may allow a base station to estimate an uplink channel state at one or more frequencies. A scheduler at the base station may employ the estimated uplink channel state to assign one or more resource blocks for an uplink PUSCH transmission from the UE. The base station may semi-statically configure the UE with one or more SRS resource sets. For an SRS resource set, the base station may configure the UE with one or more SRS resources. An SRS resource set applicability may be configured by a higher layer (e.g., RRC) parameter. For example, when a higher layer parameter indicates beam management, an SRSDocket No.: 24-1088PCT resource in an SRS resource set of the one or more SRS resource sets (e.g., with the same / similar time domain behavior, periodic, aperiodic, and / or the like) may be transmitted at a time instant (e.g., simultaneously). The UE may transmit one or more SRS resources in SRS resource sets. An NR network may support aperiodic, periodic and / or semi-persistent SRS transmissions. The UE may transmit SRS resources based on one or more trigger types, wherein the one or more trigger types may comprise higher layer signaling (e.g., RRC) and / or one or more DCI formats. In an example, at least one DCI format may be employed for the UE to select at least one of one or more configured SRS resource sets. An SRS trigger type 0 may refer to an SRS triggered based on a higher layer signaling. An SRS trigger type 1 may refer to an SRS triggered based on one or more DCI formats. In an example, when PUSCH and SRS are transmitted in a same slot, the UE may be configured to transmit SRS after a transmission of a PUSCH and a corresponding uplink DMRS.

[0150] The base station may semi-statically configure the UE with one or more SRS configuration parameters indicating at least one of following: a SRS resource configuration identifier; a number of SRS ports; time domain behavior of an SRS resource configuration (e.g., an indication of periodic, semi-persistent, or aperiodic SRS); slot, mini- slot, and / or subframe level periodicity; offset for a periodic and / or an aperiodic SRS resource; a number of OFDM symbols in an SRS resource; a starting OFDM symbol of an SRS resource; an SRS bandwidth; a frequency hopping bandwidth; a cyclic shift; and / or an SRS sequence ID.

[0151] An antenna port is defined such that the channel over which a symbol on the antenna port is conveyed can be inferred from the channel over which another symbol on the same antenna port is conveyed. If a first symbol and a second symbol are transmitted on the same antenna port, the receiver may infer the channel (e.g., fading gain, multipath delay, and / or the like) for conveying the second symbol on the antenna port, from the channel for conveying the first symbol on the antenna port. A first antenna port and a second antenna port may be referred to as quasi co- located (QCLed) if one or more large-scale properties of the channel over which a first symbol on the first antenna port is conveyed may be inferred from the channel over which a second symbol on a second antenna port is conveyed. The one or more large-scale properties may comprise at least one of: a delay spread; a Doppler spread; a Doppler shift; an average gain; an average delay; and / or spatial Receiving (Rx) parameters.

[0152] Channels that use beamforming require beam management. Beam management may comprise beam measurement, beam selection, and beam indication. A beam may be associated with one or more reference signals. For example, a beam may be identified by one or more beamformed reference signals. The UE may perform downlink beam measurement based on downlink reference signals (e.g., a channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS)) and generate a beam measurement report. The UE may perform the downlink beam measurement procedure after an RRC connection is set up with a base station.

[0153] FIG.11B illustrates an example of channel state information reference signals (CSI-RSs) that are mapped in the time and frequency domains. A square shown in FIG.11B may span a resource block (RB) within a bandwidth of a cell. A base station may transmit one or more RRC messages comprising CSI-RS resource configuration parametersDocket No.: 24-1088PCT indicating one or more CSI-RSs. One or more of the following parameters may be configured by higher layer signaling (e.g., RRC and / or MAC signaling) for a CSI-RS resource configuration: a CSI-RS resource configuration identity, a number of CSI-RS ports, a CSI-RS configuration (e.g., symbol and resource element (RE) locations in a subframe), a CSI-RS subframe configuration (e.g., subframe location, offset, and periodicity in a radio frame), a CSI-RS power parameter, a CSI-RS sequence parameter, a code division multiplexing (CDM) type parameter, a frequency density, a transmission comb, quasi co-location (QCL) parameters (e.g., QCL-scramblingidentity, crs-portscount, mbsfn- subframeconfiglist, csi-rs-configZPid, qcl-csi-rs-configNZPid), and / or other radio resource parameters.

[0154] The three beams illustrated in FIG.11B may be configured for a UE in a UE-specific configuration. Three beams are illustrated in FIG.11B (beam #1, beam #2, and beam #3), more or fewer beams may be configured. Beam #1 may be allocated with CSI-RS 1101 that may be transmitted in one or more subcarriers in an RB of a first symbol. Beam #2 may be allocated with CSI-RS 1102 that may be transmitted in one or more subcarriers in an RB of a second symbol. Beam #3 may be allocated with CSI-RS 1103 that may be transmitted in one or more subcarriers in an RB of a third symbol. By using frequency division multiplexing (FDM), a base station may use other subcarriers in a same RB (for example, those that are not used to transmit CSI-RS 1101) to transmit another CSI-RS associated with a beam for another UE. By using time domain multiplexing (TDM), beams used for the UE may be configured such that beams for the UE use symbols from beams of other UEs.

[0155] CSI-RSs such as those illustrated in FIG.11B (e.g., CSI-RS 1101, 1102, 1103) may be transmitted by the base station and used by the UE for one or more measurements. For example, the UE may measure a reference signal received power (RSRP) of configured CSI-RS resources. The base station may configure the UE with a reporting configuration and the UE may report the RSRP measurements to a network (for example, via one or more base stations) based on the reporting configuration. In an example, the base station may determine, based on the reported measurement results, one or more transmission configuration indication (TCI) states comprising a number of reference signals. In an example, the base station may indicate one or more TCI states to the UE (e.g., via RRC signaling, a MAC CE, and / or a DCI). The UE may receive a downlink transmission with a receive (Rx) beam determined based on the one or more TCI states. In an example, the UE may or may not have a capability of beam correspondence. If the UE has the capability of beam correspondence, the UE may determine a spatial domain filter of a transmit (Tx) beam based on a spatial domain filter of the corresponding Rx beam. If the UE does not have the capability of beam correspondence, the UE may perform an uplink beam selection procedure to determine the spatial domain filter of the Tx beam. The UE may perform the uplink beam selection procedure based on one or more sounding reference signal (SRS) resources configured to the UE by the base station. The base station may select and indicate uplink beams for the UE based on measurements of the one or more SRS resources transmitted by the UE.

[0156] In a beam management procedure, a UE may assess (e.g., measure) a channel quality of one or more beam pair links, a beam pair link comprising a transmitting beam transmitted by a base station and a receiving beam received by the UE. Based on the assessment, the UE may transmit a beam measurement report indicating one or more beamDocket No.: 24-1088PCT pair quality parameters comprising, e.g., one or more beam identifications (e.g., a beam index, a reference signal index, or the like), RSRP, a precoding matrix indicator (PMI), a channel quality indicator (CQI), and / or a rank indicator (RI).

[0157] FIG.12A illustrates examples of three downlink beam management procedures: P1, P2, and P3. Procedure P1 may enable a UE measurement on transmit (Tx) beams of a transmission reception point (TRP) (or multiple TRPs), e.g., to support a selection of one or more base station Tx beams and / or UE Rx beams (shown as ovals in the top row and bottom row, respectively, of P1). Beamforming at a TRP may comprise a Tx beam sweep for a set of beams (shown, in the top rows of P1 and P2, as ovals rotated in a counterclockwise direction indicated by the dashed arrow). Beamforming at a UE may comprise an Rx beam sweep for a set of beams (shown, in the bottom rows of P1 and P3, as ovals rotated in a clockwise direction indicated by the dashed arrow). Procedure P2 may be used to enable a UE measurement on Tx beams of a TRP (shown, in the top row of P2, as ovals rotated in a counterclockwise direction indicated by the dashed arrow). The UE and / or the base station may perform procedure P2 using a smaller set of beams than is used in procedure P1, or using narrower beams than the beams used in procedure P1. This may be referred to as beam refinement. The UE may perform procedure P3 for Rx beam determination by using the same Tx beam at the base station and sweeping an Rx beam at the UE.

[0158] FIG.12B illustrates examples of three uplink beam management procedures: U1, U2, and U3. Procedure U1 may be used to enable a base station to perform a measurement on Tx beams of a UE, e.g., to support a selection of one or more UE Tx beams and / or base station Rx beams (shown as ovals in the top row and bottom row, respectively, of U1). Beamforming at the UE may include, e.g., a Tx beam sweep from a set of beams (shown in the bottom rows of U1 and U3 as ovals rotated in a clockwise direction indicated by the dashed arrow). Beamforming at the base station may include, e.g., an Rx beam sweep from a set of beams (shown, in the top rows of U1 and U2, as ovals rotated in a counterclockwise direction indicated by the dashed arrow). Procedure U2 may be used to enable the base station to adjust its Rx beam when the UE uses a fixed Tx beam. The UE and / or the base station may perform procedure U2 using a smaller set of beams than is used in procedure P1, or using narrower beams than the beams used in procedure P1. This may be referred to as beam refinement The UE may perform procedure U3 to adjust its Tx beam when the base station uses a fixed Rx beam.

[0159] A UE may initiate a beam failure recovery (BFR) procedure based on detecting a beam failure. The UE may transmit a BFR request (e.g., a preamble, a UCI, an SR, a MAC CE, and / or the like) based on the initiating of the BFR procedure. The UE may detect the beam failure based on a determination that a quality of beam pair link(s) of an associated control channel is unsatisfactory (e.g., having an error rate higher than an error rate threshold, a received signal power lower than a received signal power threshold, an expiration of a timer, and / or the like).

[0160] The UE may measure a quality of a beam pair link using one or more reference signals (RSs) comprising one or more SS / PBCH blocks, one or more CSI-RS resources, and / or one or more demodulation reference signals (DMRSs). A quality of the beam pair link may be based on one or more of a block error rate (BLER), an RSRP value, a signal to interference plus noise ratio (SINR) value, a reference signal received quality (RSRQ) value, and / or a CSIDocket No.: 24-1088PCT value measured on RS resources. The base station may indicate that an RS resource is quasi co-located (QCLed) with one or more DM-RSs of a channel (e.g., a control channel, a shared data channel, and / or the like). The RS resource and the one or more DMRSs of the channel may be QCLed when the channel characteristics (e.g., Doppler shift, Doppler spread, average delay, delay spread, spatial Rx parameter, fading, and / or the like) from a transmission via the RS resource to the UE are similar or the same as the channel characteristics from a transmission via the channel to the UE.

[0161] A network (e.g., a gNB and / or an ng-eNB of a network) and / or the UE may initiate a random access procedure. A UE in an RRC_IDLE state and / or an RRC_INACTIVE state may initiate the random access procedure to request a connection setup to a network. The UE may initiate the random access procedure from an RRC_CONNECTED state. The UE may initiate the random access procedure to request uplink resources (e.g., for uplink transmission of an SR when there is no PUCCH resource available) and / or acquire uplink timing (e.g., when uplink synchronization status is non-synchronized). The UE may initiate the random access procedure to request one or more system information blocks (SIBs) (e.g., other system information such as SIB2, SIB3, and / or the like). The UE may initiate the random access procedure for a beam failure recovery request. A network may initiate a random access procedure for a handover and / or for establishing time alignment for an SCell addition.

[0162] FIG.13A illustrates a four-step contention-based random access procedure. Prior to initiation of the procedure, a base station may transmit a configuration message 1310 to the UE. The procedure illustrated in FIG.13A comprises transmission of four messages: a Msg 11311, a Msg 21312, a Msg 31313, and a Msg 41314. The Msg 1 1311 may include and / or be referred to as a preamble (or a random access preamble). The Msg 21312 may include and / or be referred to as a random access response (RAR).

[0163] The configuration message 1310 may be transmitted, for example, using one or more RRC messages. The one or more RRC messages may indicate one or more random access channel (RACH) parameters to the UE. The one or more RACH parameters may comprise at least one of following: general parameters for one or more random access procedures (e.g., RACH-configGeneral); cell-specific parameters (e.g., RACH-ConfigCommon); and / or dedicated parameters (e.g., RACH-configDedicated). The base station may broadcast or multicast the one or more RRC messages to one or more UEs. The one or more RRC messages may be UE-specific (e.g., dedicated RRC messages transmitted to a UE in an RRC_CONNECTED state and / or in an RRC_INACTIVE state). The UE may determine, based on the one or more RACH parameters, a time-frequency resource and / or an uplink transmit power for transmission of the Msg 11311 and / or the Msg 31313. Based on the one or more RACH parameters, the UE may determine a reception timing and a downlink channel for receiving the Msg 21312 and the Msg 41314.

[0164] The one or more RACH parameters provided in the configuration message 1310 may indicate one or more Physical RACH (PRACH) occasions available for transmission of the Msg 11311. The one or more PRACH occasions may be predefined. The one or more RACH parameters may indicate one or more available sets of one or more PRACH occasions (e.g., prach-ConfigIndex). The one or more RACH parameters may indicate an association betweenDocket No.: 24-1088PCT (a) one or more PRACH occasions and (b) one or more reference signals. The one or more RACH parameters may indicate an association between (a) one or more preambles and (b) one or more reference signals. The one or more reference signals may be SS / PBCH blocks and / or CSI-RSs. For example, the one or more RACH parameters may indicate a number of SS / PBCH blocks mapped to a PRACH occasion and / or a number of preambles mapped to a SS / PBCH blocks.

[0165] The one or more RACH parameters provided in the configuration message 1310 may be used to determine an uplink transmit power of Msg 11311 and / or Msg 31313. For example, the one or more RACH parameters may indicate a reference power for a preamble transmission (e.g., a received target power and / or an initial power of the preamble transmission). There may be one or more power offsets indicated by the one or more RACH parameters. For example, the one or more RACH parameters may indicate: a power ramping step; a power offset between SSB and CSI-RS; a power offset between transmissions of the Msg 11311 and the Msg 31313; and / or a power offset value between preamble groups. The one or more RACH parameters may indicate one or more thresholds based on which the UE may determine at least one reference signal (e.g., an SSB and / or CSI-RS) and / or an uplink carrier (e.g., a normal uplink (NUL) carrier and / or a supplemental uplink (SUL) carrier).

[0166] The Msg 11311 may include one or more preamble transmissions (e.g., a preamble transmission and one or more preamble retransmissions). An RRC message may be used to configure one or more preamble groups (e.g., group A and / or group B). A preamble group may comprise one or more preambles. The UE may determine the preamble group based on a pathloss measurement and / or a size of the Msg 31313. The UE may measure an RSRP of one or more reference signals (e.g., SSBs and / or CSI-RSs) and determine at least one reference signal having an RSRP above an RSRP threshold (e.g., rsrp-ThresholdSSB and / or rsrp-ThresholdCSI-RS). The UE may select at least one preamble associated with the one or more reference signals and / or a selected preamble group, for example, if the association between the one or more preambles and the at least one reference signal is configured by an RRC message.

[0167] The UE may determine the preamble based on the one or more RACH parameters provided in the configuration message 1310. For example, the UE may determine the preamble based on a pathloss measurement, an RSRP measurement, and / or a size of the Msg 31313. As another example, the one or more RACH parameters may indicate: a preamble format; a maximum number of preamble transmissions; and / or one or more thresholds for determining one or more preamble groups (e.g., group A and group B). A base station may use the one or more RACH parameters to configure the UE with an association between one or more preambles and one or more reference signals (e.g., SSBs and / or CSI-RSs). If the association is configured, the UE may determine the preamble to include in Msg 1 1311 based on the association. The Msg 11311 may be transmitted to the base station via one or more PRACH occasions. The UE may use one or more reference signals (e.g., SSBs and / or CSI-RSs) for selection of the preamble and for determining of the PRACH occasion. One or more RACH parameters (e.g., ra-ssb-OccasionMskIndex and / or ra-OccasionList) may indicate an association between the PRACH occasions and the one or more reference signals.Docket No.: 24-1088PCT

[0168] The UE may perform a preamble retransmission if no response is received following a preamble transmission. The UE may increase an uplink transmit power for the preamble retransmission. The UE may select an initial preamble transmit power based on a pathloss measurement and / or a target received preamble power configured by the network. The UE may determine to retransmit a preamble and may ramp up the uplink transmit power. The UE may receive one or more RACH parameters (e.g., PREAMBLE_POWER_RAMPING_STEP) indicating a ramping step for the preamble retransmission. The ramping step may be an amount of incremental increase in uplink transmit power for a retransmission. The UE may ramp up the uplink transmit power if the UE determines a reference signal (e.g., SSB and / or CSI-RS) that is the same as a previous preamble transmission. The UE may count a number of preamble transmissions and / or retransmissions (e.g., PREAMBLE_TRANSMISSION_COUNTER). The UE may determine that a random access procedure completed unsuccessfully, for example, if the number of preamble transmissions exceeds a threshold configured by the one or more RACH parameters (e.g., preambleTransMax).

[0169] The Msg 21312 received by the UE may include an RAR. In some scenarios, the Msg 21312 may include multiple RARs corresponding to multiple UEs. The Msg 21312 may be received after or in response to the transmitting of the Msg 11311. The Msg 21312 may be scheduled on the DL-SCH and indicated on a PDCCH using a random access RNTI (RA-RNTI). The Msg 21312 may indicate that the Msg 11311 was received by the base station. The Msg 21312 may include a time-alignment command that may be used by the UE to adjust the UE’s transmission timing, a scheduling grant for transmission of the Msg 31313, and / or a Temporary Cell RNTI (TC-RNTI). After transmitting a preamble, the UE may start a time window (e.g., ra-ResponseWindow) to monitor a PDCCH for the Msg 21312. The UE may determine when to start the time window based on a PRACH occasion that the UE uses to transmit the preamble. For example, the UE may start the time window one or more symbols after a last symbol of the preamble (e.g., at a first PDCCH occasion from an end of a preamble transmission). The one or more symbols may be determined based on a numerology. The PDCCH may be in a common search space (e.g., a Type1-PDCCH common search space) configured by an RRC message. The UE may identify the RAR based on a Radio Network Temporary Identifier (RNTI). RNTIs may be used depending on one or more events initiating the random access procedure. The UE may use random access RNTI (RA-RNTI). The RA-RNTI may be associated with PRACH occasions in which the UE transmits a preamble. For example, the UE may determine the RA-RNTI based on: an OFDM symbol index; a slot index; a frequency domain index; and / or a UL carrier indicator of the PRACH occasions. An example of RA-RNTI may be as follows:

[0170] RA-RNTI= 1 + s_id + 14 × t_id + 14 × 80 × f_id + 14 × 80 × 8 × ul_carrier_id, where s_id may be an index of a first OFDM symbol of the PRACH occasion (e.g., 0 ≤ s_id < 14), t_id may be an index of a first slot of the PRACH occasion in a system frame (e.g., 0 ≤ t_id < 80), f_id may be an index of the PRACH occasion in the frequency domain (e.g., 0 ≤ f_id < 8), and ul_carrier_id may be a UL carrier used for a preamble transmission (e.g., 0 for an NUL carrier, and 1 for an SUL carrier).Docket No.: 24-1088PCT

[0171] The UE may transmit the Msg 31313 in response to a successful reception of the Msg 21312 (e.g., using resources identified in the Msg 21312). The Msg 31313 may be used for contention resolution in, for example, the contention-based random access procedure illustrated in FIG.13A. In some scenarios, a plurality of UEs may transmit a same preamble to a base station and the base station may provide an RAR that corresponds to a UE. Collisions may occur if the plurality of UEs interpret the RAR as corresponding to themselves. Contention resolution (e.g., using the Msg 31313 and the Msg 41314) may be used to increase the likelihood that the UE does not incorrectly use an identity of another the UE. To perform contention resolution, the UE may include a device identifier in the Msg 31313 (e.g., a C-RNTI if assigned, a TC-RNTI included in the Msg 21312, and / or any other suitable identifier).

[0172] The Msg 41314 may be received after or in response to the transmitting of the Msg 31313. If a C-RNTI was included in the Msg 31313, the base station will address the UE on the PDCCH using the C-RNTI. If the UE's unique C-RNTI is detected on the PDCCH, the random access procedure is determined to be successfully completed. If a TC-RNTI is included in the Msg 31313 (e.g., if the UE is in an RRC_IDLE state or not otherwise connected to the base station), Msg 41314 will be received using a DL-SCH associated with the TC-RNTI. If a MAC PDU is successfully decoded and a MAC PDU comprises the UE contention resolution identity MAC CE that matches or otherwise corresponds with the CCCH SDU sent (e.g., transmitted) in Msg 31313, the UE may determine that the contention resolution is successful and / or the UE may determine that the random access procedure is successfully completed.

[0173] The UE may be configured with a supplementary uplink (SUL) carrier and a normal uplink (NUL) carrier. An initial access (e.g., random access procedure) may be supported in an uplink carrier. For example, a base station may configure the UE with two separate RACH configurations: one for an SUL carrier and the other for an NUL carrier. For random access in a cell configured with an SUL carrier, the network may indicate which carrier to use (NUL or SUL). The UE may determine the SUL carrier, for example, if a measured quality of one or more reference signals is lower than a broadcast threshold. Uplink transmissions of the random access procedure (e.g., the Msg 11311 and / or the Msg 31313) may remain on the selected carrier. The UE may switch an uplink carrier during the random access procedure (e.g., between the Msg 11311 and the Msg 31313) in one or more cases. For example, the UE may determine and / or switch an uplink carrier for the Msg 11311 and / or the Msg 31313 based on a channel clear assessment (e.g., a listen- before-talk).

[0174] FIG.13B illustrates a two-step contention-free random access procedure. Similar to the four-step contention- based random access procedure illustrated in FIG.13A, a base station may, prior to initiation of the procedure, transmit a configuration message 1320 to the UE. The configuration message 1320 may be analogous in some respects to the configuration message 1310. The procedure illustrated in FIG.13B comprises transmission of two messages: a Msg 1 1321 and a Msg 21322. The Msg 11321 and the Msg 21322 may be analogous in some respects to the Msg 11311 and a Msg 21312 illustrated in FIG.13A, respectively. As will be understood from FIGS.13A and 13B, the contention- free random access procedure may not include messages analogous to the Msg 31313 and / or the Msg 41314.Docket No.: 24-1088PCT

[0175] The contention-free random access procedure illustrated in FIG.13B may be initiated for a beam failure recovery, other SI request, SCell addition, and / or handover. For example, a base station may indicate or assign to the UE the preamble to be used for the Msg 11321. The UE may receive, from the base station via PDCCH and / or RRC, an indication of a preamble (e.g., ra-PreambleIndex).

[0176] After transmitting a preamble, the UE may start a time window (e.g., ra-ResponseWindow) to monitor a PDCCH for the RAR. In the event of a beam failure recovery request, the base station may configure the UE with a separate time window and / or a separate PDCCH in a search space indicated by an RRC message (e.g., recoverySearchSpaceId). The UE may monitor for a PDCCH transmission addressed to a Cell RNTI (C-RNTI) on the search space. In the contention-free random access procedure illustrated in FIG.13B, the UE may determine that a random access procedure successfully completes after or in response to transmission of Msg 11321 and reception of a corresponding Msg 21322. The UE may determine that a random access procedure successfully completes, for example, if a PDCCH transmission is addressed to a C-RNTI. The UE may determine that a random access procedure successfully completes, for example, if the UE receives an RAR comprising a preamble identifier corresponding to a preamble transmitted by the UE and / or the RAR comprises a MAC sub-PDU with the preamble identifier. The UE may determine the response as an indication of an acknowledgement for an SI request.

[0177] FIG.13C illustrates another two-step random access procedure. Similar to the random access procedures illustrated in FIGS.13A and 13B, a base station may, prior to initiation of the procedure, transmit a configuration message 1330 to the UE. The configuration message 1330 may be analogous in some respects to the configuration message 1310 and / or the configuration message 1320. The procedure illustrated in FIG.13C comprises transmission of two messages: a Msg A 1331 and a Msg B 1332.

[0178] Msg A 1331 may be transmitted in an uplink transmission by the UE. Msg A 1331 may comprise one or more transmissions of a preamble 1341 and / or one or more transmissions of a transport block 1342. The transport block 1342 may comprise contents that are similar and / or equivalent to the contents of the Msg 31313 illustrated in FIG.13A. The transport block 1342 may comprise UCI (e.g., an SR, a HARQ ACK / NACK, and / or the like). The UE may receive the Msg B 1332 after or in response to transmitting the Msg A 1331. The Msg B 1332 may comprise contents that are similar and / or equivalent to the contents of the Msg 21312 (e.g., an RAR) illustrated in FIGS.13A and 13B and / or the Msg 41314 illustrated in FIG.13A.

[0179] The UE may initiate the two-step random access procedure in FIG.13C for licensed spectrum and / or unlicensed spectrum. The UE may determine, based on one or more factors, whether to initiate the two-step random access procedure. The one or more factors may be: a radio access technology in use (e.g., LTE, NR, and / or the like); whether the UE has valid TA or not; a cell size; the UE’s RRC state; a type of spectrum (e.g., licensed vs. unlicensed); and / or any other suitable factors.

[0180] The UE may determine, based on two-step RACH parameters included in the configuration message 1330, a radio resource and / or an uplink transmit power for the preamble 1341 and / or the transport block 1342 included in theDocket No.: 24-1088PCT Msg A 1331. The RACH parameters may indicate a modulation and coding schemes (MCS), a time-frequency resource, and / or a power control for the preamble 1341 and / or the transport block 1342. A time-frequency resource for transmission of the preamble 1341 (e.g., a PRACH) and a time-frequency resource for transmission of the transport block 1342 (e.g., a PUSCH) may be multiplexed using FDM, TDM, and / or CDM. The RACH parameters may enable the UE to determine a reception timing and a downlink channel for monitoring for and / or receiving Msg B 1332.

[0181] The transport block 1342 may comprise data (e.g., delay-sensitive data), an identifier of the UE, security information, and / or device information (e.g., an International Mobile Subscriber Identity (IMSI)). The base station may transmit the Msg B 1332 as a response to the Msg A 1331. The Msg B 1332 may comprise at least one of following: a preamble identifier; a timing advance command; a power control command; an uplink grant (e.g., a radio resource assignment and / or an MCS); a UE identifier for contention resolution; and / or an RNTI (e.g., a C-RNTI or a TC-RNTI). The UE may determine that the two-step random access procedure is successfully completed if: a preamble identifier in the Msg B 1332 is matched to a preamble transmitted by the UE; and / or the identifier of the UE in Msg B 1332 is matched to the identifier of the UE in the Msg A 1331 (e.g., the transport block 1342).

[0182] A UE and a base station may exchange control signaling. The control signaling may be referred to as L1 / L2 control signaling and may originate from the PHY layer (e.g., layer 1) and / or the MAC layer (e.g., layer 2). The control signaling may comprise downlink control signaling transmitted from the base station to the UE and / or uplink control signaling transmitted from the UE to the base station.

[0183] The downlink control signaling may comprise: a downlink scheduling assignment; an uplink scheduling grant indicating uplink radio resources and / or a transport format; a slot format information; a preemption indication; a power control command; and / or any other suitable signaling. The UE may receive the downlink control signaling in a payload transmitted by the base station on a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH). The payload transmitted on the PDCCH may be referred to as downlink control information (DCI). In some scenarios, the PDCCH may be a group common PDCCH (GC-PDCCH) that is common to a group of UEs.

[0184] A base station may attach one or more cyclic redundancy check (CRC) parity bits to a DCI in order to facilitate detection of transmission errors. When the DCI is intended for a UE (or a group of the UEs), the base station may scramble the CRC parity bits with an identifier of the UE (or an identifier of the group of the UEs). Scrambling the CRC parity bits with the identifier may comprise Modulo-2 addition (or an exclusive OR operation) of the identifier value and the CRC parity bits. The identifier may comprise a 16-bit value of a radio network temporary identifier (RNTI).

[0185] DCIs may be used for different purposes. A purpose may be indicated by the type of RNTI used to scramble the CRC parity bits. For example, a DCI having CRC parity bits scrambled with a paging RNTI (P-RNTI) may indicate paging information and / or a system information change notification. The P-RNTI may be predefined as “FFFE” in hexadecimal. A DCI having CRC parity bits scrambled with a system information RNTI (SI-RNTI) may indicate a broadcast transmission of the system information. The SI-RNTI may be predefined as “FFFF” in hexadecimal. A DCI having CRC parity bits scrambled with a random access RNTI (RA-RNTI) may indicate a random access responseDocket No.: 24-1088PCT (RAR). A DCI having CRC parity bits scrambled with a cell RNTI (C-RNTI) may indicate a dynamically scheduled unicast transmission and / or a triggering of PDCCH-ordered random access. A DCI having CRC parity bits scrambled with a temporary cell RNTI (TC-RNTI) may indicate a contention resolution (e.g., a Msg 3 analogous to the Msg 31313 illustrated in FIG.13A). Other RNTIs configured to the UE by a base station may comprise a Configured Scheduling RNTI (CS-RNTI), a Transmit Power Control-PUCCH RNTI (TPC-PUCCH-RNTI), a Transmit Power Control-PUSCH RNTI (TPC-PUSCH-RNTI), a Transmit Power Control-SRS RNTI (TPC-SRS-RNTI), an Interruption RNTI (INT-RNTI), a Slot Format Indication RNTI (SFI-RNTI), a Semi-Persistent CSI RNTI (SP-CSI-RNTI), a Modulation and Coding Scheme Cell RNTI (MCS-C-RNTI), and / or the like.

[0186] Depending on the purpose and / or content of a DCI, the base station may transmit the DCIs with one or more DCI formats. For example, DCI format 0_0 may be used for scheduling of PUSCH in a cell. DCI format 0_0 may be a fallback DCI format (e.g., with compact DCI payloads). DCI format 0_1 may be used for scheduling of PUSCH in a cell (e.g., with more DCI payloads than DCI format 0_0). DCI format 1_0 may be used for scheduling of PDSCH in a cell. DCI format 1_0 may be a fallback DCI format (e.g., with compact DCI payloads). DCI format 1_1 may be used for scheduling of PDSCH in a cell (e.g., with more DCI payloads than DCI format 1_0). DCI format 2_0 may be used for providing a slot format indication to a group of UEs. DCI format 2_1 may be used for notifying a group of UEs of a physical resource block and / or OFDM symbol where the UE may assume no transmission is intended to the UE. DCI format 2_2 may be used for transmission of a transmit power control (TPC) command for PUCCH or PUSCH. DCI format 2_3 may be used for transmission of a group of TPC commands for SRS transmissions by one or more UEs. DCI format(s) for new functions may be defined in future releases. DCI formats may have different DCI sizes, or may share the same DCI size.

[0187] After scrambling a DCI with a RNTI, the base station may process the DCI with channel coding (e.g., polar coding), rate matching, scrambling and / or QPSK modulation. A base station may map the coded and modulated DCI on resource elements used and / or configured for a PDCCH. Based on a payload size of the DCI and / or a coverage of the base station, the base station may transmit the DCI via a PDCCH occupying a number of contiguous control channel elements (CCEs). The number of the contiguous CCEs (referred to as aggregation level) may be 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, and / or any other suitable number. A CCE may comprise a number (e.g., 6) of resource-element groups (REGs). A REG may comprise a resource block in an OFDM symbol. The mapping of the coded and modulated DCI on the resource elements may be based on mapping of CCEs and REGs (e.g., CCE-to-REG mapping).

[0188] FIG.14A illustrates an example of CORESET configurations for a bandwidth part. The base station may transmit a DCI via a PDCCH on one or more control resource sets (CORESETs). A CORESET may comprise a time- frequency resource in which the UE tries to decode a DCI using one or more search spaces. The base station may configure a CORESET in the time-frequency domain. In the example of FIG.14A, a first CORESET 1401 and a second CORESET 1402 occur at the first symbol in a slot. The first CORESET 1401 overlaps with the second CORESET 1402Docket No.: 24-1088PCT in the frequency domain. A third CORESET 1403 occurs at a third symbol in the slot. A fourth CORESET 1404 occurs at the seventh symbol in the slot. CORESETs may have a different number of resource blocks in frequency domain.

[0189] FIG.14B illustrates an example of a CCE-to-REG mapping for DCI transmission on a CORESET and PDCCH processing. The CCE-to-REG mapping may be an interleaved mapping (e.g., for the purpose of providing frequency diversity) or a non-interleaved mapping (e.g., for the purposes of facilitating interference coordination and / or frequency- selective transmission of control channels). The base station may perform different or same CCE-to-REG mapping on different CORESETs. A CORESET may be associated with a CCE-to-REG mapping by RRC configuration. A CORESET may be configured with an antenna port quasi co-location (QCL) parameter. The antenna port QCL parameter may indicate QCL information of a demodulation reference signal (DMRS) for PDCCH reception in the CORESET.

[0190] The base station may transmit, to the UE, RRC messages comprising configuration parameters of one or more CORESETs and one or more search space sets. The configuration parameters may indicate an association between a search space set and a CORESET. A search space set may comprise a set of PDCCH candidates formed by CCEs at a given aggregation level. The configuration parameters may indicate: a number of PDCCH candidates to be monitored per aggregation level; a PDCCH monitoring periodicity and a PDCCH monitoring pattern; one or more DCI formats to be monitored by the UE; and / or whether a search space set is a common search space set or a UE- specific search space set. A set of CCEs in the common search space set may be predefined and known to the UE. A set of CCEs in the UE-specific search space set may be configured based on the UE’s identity (e.g., C-RNTI).

[0191] As shown in FIG.14B, the UE may determine a time-frequency resource for a CORESET based on RRC messages. The UE may determine a CCE-to-REG mapping (e.g., interleaved or non-interleaved, and / or mapping parameters) for the CORESET based on configuration parameters of the CORESET. The UE may determine a number (e.g., at most 10) of search space sets configured on the CORESET based on the RRC messages. The UE may monitor a set of PDCCH candidates according to configuration parameters of a search space set. The UE may monitor a set of PDCCH candidates in one or more CORESETs for detecting one or more DCIs. Monitoring may comprise decoding one or more PDCCH candidates of the set of the PDCCH candidates according to the monitored DCI formats. Monitoring may comprise decoding a DCI content of one or more PDCCH candidates with possible (or configured) PDCCH locations, possible (or configured) PDCCH formats (e.g., number of CCEs, number of PDCCH candidates in common search spaces, and / or number of PDCCH candidates in the UE-specific search spaces) and possible (or configured) DCI formats. The decoding may be referred to as blind decoding. The UE may determine a DCI as valid for the UE, in response to CRC checking (e.g., scrambled bits for CRC parity bits of the DCI matching a RNTI value). The UE may process information contained in the DCI (e.g., a scheduling assignment, an uplink grant, power control, a slot format indication, a downlink preemption, and / or the like).

[0192] The UE may transmit uplink control signaling (e.g., uplink control information (UCI)) to a base station. The uplink control signaling may comprise hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) acknowledgements for received DL-Docket No.: 24-1088PCT SCH transport blocks. The UE may transmit the HARQ acknowledgements after receiving a DL-SCH transport block. Uplink control signaling may comprise channel state information (CSI) indicating channel quality of a physical downlink channel. The UE may transmit the CSI to the base station. The base station, based on the received CSI, may determine transmission format parameters (e.g., comprising multi-antenna and beamforming schemes) for a downlink transmission. Uplink control signaling may comprise scheduling requests (SR). The UE may transmit an SR indicating that uplink data is available for transmission to the base station. The UE may transmit a UCI (e.g., HARQ acknowledgements (HARQ-ACK), CSI report, SR, and the like) via a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) or a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH). The UE may transmit the uplink control signaling via a PUCCH using one of several PUCCH formats.

[0193] There may be five PUCCH formats and the UE may determine a PUCCH format based on a size of the UCI (e.g., a number of uplink symbols of UCI transmission and a number of UCI bits). PUCCH format 0 may have a length of one or two OFDM symbols and may include two or fewer bits. The UE may transmit UCI in a PUCCH resource using PUCCH format 0 if the transmission is over one or two symbols and the number of HARQ-ACK information bits with positive or negative SR (HARQ-ACK / SR bits) is one or two. PUCCH format 1 may occupy a number between four and fourteen OFDM symbols and may include two or fewer bits. The UE may use PUCCH format 1 if the transmission is four or more symbols and the number of HARQ-ACK / SR bits is one or two. PUCCH format 2 may occupy one or two OFDM symbols and may include more than two bits. The UE may use PUCCH format 2 if the transmission is over one or two symbols and the number of UCI bits is two or more. PUCCH format 3 may occupy a number between four and fourteen OFDM symbols and may include more than two bits. The UE may use PUCCH format 3 if the transmission is four or more symbols, the number of UCI bits is two or more and PUCCH resource does not include an orthogonal cover code. PUCCH format 4 may occupy a number between four and fourteen OFDM symbols and may include more than two bits. The UE may use PUCCH format 4 if the transmission is four or more symbols, the number of UCI bits is two or more and the PUCCH resource includes an orthogonal cover code.

[0194] The base station may transmit configuration parameters to the UE for a plurality of PUCCH resource sets using, for example, an RRC message. The plurality of PUCCH resource sets (e.g., up to four sets) may be configured on an uplink BWP of a cell. A PUCCH resource set may be configured with a PUCCH resource set index, a plurality of PUCCH resources with a PUCCH resource being identified by a PUCCH resource identifier (e.g., pucch-Resourceid), and / or a number (e.g. a maximum number) of UCI information bits the UE may transmit using one of the plurality of PUCCH resources in the PUCCH resource set. When configured with a plurality of PUCCH resource sets, the UE may select one of the plurality of PUCCH resource sets based on a total bit length of the UCI information bits (e.g., HARQ- ACK, SR, and / or CSI). If the total bit length of UCI information bits is two or fewer, the UE may select a first PUCCH resource set having a PUCCH resource set index equal to “0”. If the total bit length of UCI information bits is greater than two and less than or equal to a first configured value, the UE may select a second PUCCH resource set having a PUCCH resource set index equal to “1”. If the total bit length of UCI information bits is greater than the first configuredDocket No.: 24-1088PCT value and less than or equal to a second configured value, the UE may select a third PUCCH resource set having a PUCCH resource set index equal to “2”. If the total bit length of UCI information bits is greater than the second configured value and less than or equal to a third value (e.g., 1406), the UE may select a fourth PUCCH resource set having a PUCCH resource set index equal to “3”.

[0195] After determining a PUCCH resource set from a plurality of PUCCH resource sets, the UE may determine a PUCCH resource from the PUCCH resource set for UCI (HARQ-ACK, CSI, and / or SR) transmission. The UE may determine the PUCCH resource based on a PUCCH resource indicator in a DCI (e.g., with a DCI format 1_0 or DCI for 1_1) received on a PDCCH. A three-bit PUCCH resource indicator in the DCI may indicate one of eight PUCCH resources in the PUCCH resource set. Based on the PUCCH resource indicator, the UE may transmit the UCI (HARQ- ACK, CSI and / or SR) using a PUCCH resource indicated by the PUCCH resource indicator in the DCI.

[0196] FIG.15 illustrates an example of a wireless device 1502 in communication with a base station 1504 in accordance with embodiments of the present disclosure. The wireless device 1502 and base station 1504 may be part of a mobile communication network, such as the mobile communication network 100 illustrated in FIG.1A, the mobile communication network 150 illustrated in FIG.1B, or any other communication network. Only one wireless device 1502 and one base station 1504 are illustrated in FIG.15, but it will be understood that a mobile communication network may include more than one UE and / or more than one base station, with the same or similar configuration as those shown in FIG.15.

[0197] The base station 1504 may connect the wireless device 1502 to a core network (not shown) through radio communications over the air interface (or radio interface) 1506. The communication direction from the base station 1504 to the wireless device 1502 over the air interface 1506 is known as the downlink, and the communication direction from the wireless device 1502 to the base station 1504 over the air interface is known as the uplink. Downlink transmissions may be separated from uplink transmissions using FDD, TDD, and / or some combination of the two duplexing techniques.

[0198] In the downlink, data to be sent to the wireless device 1502 from the base station 1504 may be provided to the processing system 1508 of the base station 1504. The data may be provided to the processing system 1508 by, for example, a core network. In the uplink, data to be sent to the base station 1504 from the wireless device 1502 may be provided to the processing system 1518 of the wireless device 1502. The processing system 1508 and the processing system 1518 may implement layer 3 and layer 2 OSI functionality to process the data for transmission. Layer 2 may include an SDAP layer, a PDCP layer, an RLC layer, and a MAC layer, for example, with respect to FIG.2A, FIG.2B, FIG.3, and FIG.4A. Layer 3 may include an RRC layer as with respect to FIG.2B.

[0199] After being processed by processing system 1508, the data to be sent to the wireless device 1502 may be provided to a transmission processing system 1510 of base station 1504. Similarly, after being processed by the processing system 1518, the data to be sent to base station 1504 may be provided to a transmission processing system 1520 of the wireless device 1502. The transmission processing system 1510 and the transmission processingDocket No.: 24-1088PCT system 1520 may implement layer 1 OSI functionality. Layer 1 may include a PHY layer with respect to FIG.2A, FIG. 2B, FIG.3, and FIG.4A. For transmit processing, the PHY layer may perform, for example, forward error correction coding of transport channels, interleaving, rate matching, mapping of transport channels to physical channels, modulation of physical channel, multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) or multi-antenna processing, and / or the like.

[0200] At the base station 1504, a reception processing system 1512 may receive the uplink transmission from the wireless device 1502. At the wireless device 1502, a reception processing system 1522 may receive the downlink transmission from base station 1504. The reception processing system 1512 and the reception processing system 1522 may implement layer 1 OSI functionality. Layer 1 may include a PHY layer with respect to FIG.2A, FIG.2B, FIG.3, and FIG.4A. For receive processing, the PHY layer may perform, for example, error detection, forward error correction decoding, deinterleaving, demapping of transport channels to physical channels, demodulation of physical channels, MIMO or multi-antenna processing, and / or the like.

[0201] As shown in FIG.15, a wireless device 1502 and the base station 1504 may include multiple antennas. The multiple antennas may be used to perform one or more MIMO or multi-antenna techniques, such as spatial multiplexing (e.g., single-user MIMO or multi-user MIMO), transmit / receive diversity, and / or beamforming. In other examples, the wireless device 1502 and / or the base station 1504 may have a single antenna.

[0202] The processing system 1508 and the processing system 1518 maybe associated with a memory 1514 and a memory 1524, respectively. Memory 1514 and memory 1524 (e.g., one or more non-transitory computer readable mediums) may store computer program instructions or code that may be executed by the processing system 1508 and / or the processing system 1518 to carry out one or more of the functionalities discussed in the present application. Although not shown in FIG.15, the transmission processing system 1510, the transmission processing system 1520, the reception processing system 1512, and / or the reception processing system 1522 may be coupled to a memory (e.g., one or more non-transitory computer readable mediums) storing computer program instructions or code that may be executed to carry out one or more of their respective functionalities.

[0203] The processing system 1508 and / or the processing system 1518 may comprise one or more controllers and / or one or more processors. The one or more controllers and / or one or more processors may comprise, for example, a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), a microcontroller, an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field programmable gate array (FPGA) and / or other programmable logic device, discrete gate and / or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, an on-board unit, or any combination thereof. The processing system 1508 and / or the processing system 1518 may perform at least one of signal coding / processing, data processing, power control, input / output processing, and / or any other functionality that may enable the wireless device 1502 and the base station 1504 to operate in a wireless environment.

[0204] The processing system 1508 and / or the processing system 1518 may be connected to one or more peripherals 1516 and one or more peripherals 1526, respectively. The one or more peripherals 1516 and the one or more peripherals 1526 may include software and / or hardware that provide features and / or functionalities, for example,Docket No.: 24-1088PCT a speaker, a microphone, a keypad, a display, a touchpad, a power source, a satellite transceiver, a universal serial bus (USB) port, a hands-free headset, a frequency modulated (FM) radio unit, a media player, an Internet browser, an electronic control unit (e.g., for a motor vehicle), and / or one or more sensors (e.g., an accelerometer, a gyroscope, a temperature sensor, a radar sensor, a lidar sensor, an ultrasonic sensor, a light sensor, a camera, and / or the like). The processing system 1508 and / or the processing system 1518 may receive user input data from and / or provide user output data to the one or more peripherals 1516 and / or the one or more peripherals 1526. The processing system 1518 in the wireless device 1502 may receive power from a power source and / or may be configured to distribute the power to the other components in the wireless device 1502. The power source may comprise one or more sources of power, for example, a battery, a solar cell, a fuel cell, or any combination thereof. The processing system 1508 and / or the processing system 1518 may be connected to a GPS chipset 1517 and a GPS chipset 1527, respectively. The GPS chipset 1517 and the GPS chipset 1527 may be configured to provide geographic location information of the wireless device 1502 and the base station 1504, respectively.

[0205] FIG.16A illustrates an example structure for uplink transmission. A baseband signal representing a physical uplink shared channel may perform one or more functions. The one or more functions may comprise at least one of: scrambling; modulation of scrambled bits to generate complex-valued symbols; mapping of the complex-valued modulation symbols onto one or several transmission layers; transform precoding to generate complex-valued symbols; precoding of the complex-valued symbols; mapping of precoded complex-valued symbols to resource elements; generation of complex-valued time-domain Single Carrier-Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA) or CP- OFDM signal for an antenna port; and / or the like. In an example, when transform precoding is enabled, a SC-FDMA signal for uplink transmission may be generated. In an example, when transform precoding is not enabled, a CP-OFDM signal for uplink transmission may be generated by FIG.16A. These functions are illustrated as examples and it is anticipated that other mechanisms may be implemented in various embodiments.

[0206] FIG.16B illustrates an example structure for modulation and up-conversion of a baseband signal to a carrier frequency. The baseband signal may be a complex-valued SC-FDMA or CP-OFDM baseband signal for an antenna port and / or a complex-valued Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH) baseband signal. Filtering may be employed prior to transmission.

[0207] FIG.16C illustrates an example structure for downlink transmissions. A baseband signal representing a physical downlink channel may perform one or more functions. The one or more functions may comprise: scrambling of coded bits in a codeword to be transmitted on a physical channel; modulation of scrambled bits to generate complex- valued modulation symbols; mapping of the complex-valued modulation symbols onto one or several transmission layers; precoding of the complex-valued modulation symbols on a layer for transmission on the antenna ports; mapping of complex-valued modulation symbols for an antenna port to resource elements; generation of complex-valued time- domain OFDM signal for an antenna port; and / or the like. These functions are illustrated as examples and it is anticipated that other mechanisms may be implemented in various embodiments.Docket No.: 24-1088PCT

[0208] FIG.16D illustrates another example structure for modulation and up-conversion of a baseband signal to a carrier frequency. The baseband signal may be a complex-valued OFDM baseband signal for an antenna port. Filtering may be employed prior to transmission.

[0209] A wireless device may receive from a base station one or more messages (e.g. RRC messages) comprising configuration parameters of a plurality of cells (e.g. primary cell, secondary cell). The wireless device may communicate with at least one base station (e.g. two or more base stations in dual connectivity) via the plurality of cells. The one or more messages (e.g. as a part of the configuration parameters) may comprise parameters of physical, MAC, RLC, PCDP, SDAP, RRC layers for configuring the wireless device. For example, the configuration parameters may comprise parameters for configuring physical and MAC layer channels, bearers, etc. For example, the configuration parameters may comprise parameters indicating values of timers for physical, MAC, RLC, PCDP, SDAP, RRC layers, and / or communication channels.

[0210] A timer may begin running once it is started and continue running until it is stopped or until it expires. A timer may be started if it is not running or restarted if it is running. A timer may be associated with a value (e.g. the timer may be started or restarted from a value or may be started from zero and expire once it reaches the value). The duration of a timer may not be updated until the timer is stopped or expires (e.g., due to BWP switching). A timer may be used to measure a time period / window for a process. When the specification refers to an implementation and procedure related to one or more timers, it will be understood that there are multiple ways to implement the one or more timers. For example, it will be understood that one or more of the multiple ways to implement a timer may be used to measure a time period / window for the procedure. For example, a random access response window timer may be used for measuring a window of time for receiving a random access response. In an example, instead of starting and expiry (or expiration) of a random access response window timer, the time difference between two time stamps may be used. When a timer is restarted, a process for measurement of time window may be restarted. Other example implementations may be provided to restart a measurement of a time window.

[0211] DCI format 2_3 may be applicable for uplink carrier(s) of serving cells where a wireless device is not configured for PUSCH / PUCCH transmission or for uplink carrier(s) of a serving cell where a higher layer parameter srs- PowerControlAdjustmentStates indicates a separate power control adjustment state between SRS transmissions and PUSCH transmissions.

[0212] A wireless device configured by a higher layer parameter carrierSwitching may be provided: • a TPC-SRS-RNTI for a DCI format 2_3 by tpc-SRS-RNTI, • an index of a serving cell where the wireless device interrupts transmission in order to transmit SRS on one or more other serving cells (e.g., PUSCH-less SCell) by srs-SwitchFromServCellIndex, • an indication of an uplink carrier where the wireless device interrupts transmission in order to transmit SRS on one or more other serving cells by srs-SwitchFromCarrier,Docket No.: 24-1088PCT • a DCI format 2_3 field configuration type by typeA or typeB, • for typeA, an index for a set of serving cells is provided by cc-SetIndex, CC indexes of serving cells in the set of serving cells are provided by cc-IndexInOneCC-Set, and a DCI format 2_3 field includes a TPC command for each serving cell from the set of serving cells and can also include an SRS request for SRS transmission on the set of serving cells, • for typeB, DCI format 2_3 field includes a TPC command for a serving cell index and can also include a SRS request for SRS transmission on the serving cell, • an indication for a serving cell for whether or not a field in DCI format 2_3 includes an SRS request by fieldTypeFormat2-3 where a value of 0 / 1 indicates absence / presence of the SRS request – a mapping for a 2-bits SRS request to SRS resource sets, • an index for a location in DCI format 2_3 of a first bit for a field for a non-supplementary uplink carrier of the serving cell by startingBitOfFormat2-3, • an index for a location in DCI format 2_3 of a first bit for a field for a supplementary uplink carrier of the serving cell by startingBitOfFormat2-3SUL-v1530.

[0213] One or more serving cell configuration parameters (e.g., ServingCellConfig) of a serving cell may comprise the higher layer parameter carrierSwitching.

[0214] DCI format 2_3 may be used for the transmission of a group of TPC commands for SRS transmissions by one or more wireless device. Along with a TPC command, an SRS request may also be transmitted.

[0215] The following information may be transmitted by means of the DCI format 2_3 with CRC scrambled by TPC- SRS-RNTI: • block number 1, block number 2, …, block number B, where the starting position of a block is determined by the parameter startingBitOfFormat2-3 or startingBitOfFormat2-3SUL-v1530 provided by higher layers (e.g., RRC) for the wireless device configured with the block.

[0216] If a wireless device is configured with a higher layer parameter srs-TPC-PDCCH-Group = typeA for an uplink without PUCCH and PUSCH or an uplink on which the SRS power control is not tied with PUSCH power control, one or two blocks are configured for the wireless device by higher layers where one block applies to non-SUL carriers and another block applies to SUL carriers, with the following fields defined for each block: • SRS request - 0 or 2 bits. • TPC command number 1, TPC command number 2, ..., TPC command number N, where each TPC command applies to a respective uplink carrier provided by higher layer parameter cc-IndexInOneCC-Set.

[0217] If a wireless device is configured with a higher layer parameter srs-TPC-PDCCH-Group = typeB for an uplink without PUCCH and PUSCH or an uplink on which the SRS power control is not tied with PUSCH power control, oneDocket No.: 24-1088PCT block or more blocks is configured for the wireless device by higher layers where each block applies to an uplik carrier, with the following fields defined for each block: • SRS request - 0 or 2 bits. • TPC command -2 bits

[0218] The number of information bits in DCI format 2_3 may be equal to or less than the payload size of DCI format 1_0 monitored in common search space in the same serving cell. If the number of information bits in DCI format 2_3 is less than the payload size of DCI format 1_0 monitored in common search space in the same serving cell, zeros shall be appended to DCI format 2_3 until the payload size equals that of DCI format 1_0 monitored in common search space in the same serving cell.

[0219] FIG.17 and FIG.18 illustrate examples of asymmetric uplink and downlink channels as per an aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0220] In an example, a wireless device may receive one or more messages. In an example, the wireless device may receive the one or more messages from a base station. In an example, the wireless device may receive the one or more messages from a relay node. In an example, the wireless device may receive the one or more messages from another wireless device (e.g., TRP, vehicle, remote radio head, and the like). The one or more messages may comprise one or more configuration parameters (e.g., Configuration parameters at time T0 in FIG.20). In an example, the one or more configuration parameters may be RRC configuration parameter(s). In an example, the one or more configuration parameters may be RRC reconfiguration parameter(s).

[0221] In an example, the one or more configuration parameters may be for one or more cells.

[0222] The one or more cells may comprise a cell. The cell may be, for example, a serving cell. In an example, at least one configuration parameter of the one or more configuration parameters may be for the cell. In an example, the cell may be a primary cell (PCell). In an example, the cell may be a secondary cell (SCell). The cell may be a secondary cell configured with PUCCH (e.g., PUCCH SCell). In an example, the cell may be an unlicensed cell, e.g., operating in an unlicensed band. In an example, the cell may be a licensed cell, e.g., operating in a licensed band. In an example, the cell may operate in a first frequency range (FR1). The FR1 may, for example, comprise frequency bands below 6 GHz. In an example, the cell may operate in a second frequency range (FR2). The FR2 may, for example, comprise frequency bands from 24 GHz to 52.6 GHz. In an example, the cell may operate in a third frequency range (FR3). The FR3 may, for example, comprise frequency bands from 52.6 GHz to 71 GHz. The FR3 may, for example, comprise frequency bands starting from (or above) 52.6 GHz.

[0223] In an example, the wireless device may perform uplink transmissions (e.g., PUSCH, PUCCH, PUCCH) via / of the cell in a first time and in a first frequency. The wireless device may perform downlink receptions (e.g., PDCCH, PDSCH) via / of the cell in a second time and in a second frequency. In an example, the cell may operate in a time- division duplex (TDD) mode. In the TDD mode, the first frequency and the second frequency may be the same. In the TDD mode, the first time and the second time may be different. In an example, the cell may operate in a frequency-Docket No.: 24-1088PCT division duplex (FDD) mode. In the FDD mode, the first frequency and the second frequency may be different. In the FDD mode, the first time and the second time may be the same.

[0224] In an example, the wireless device may be in an RRC connected mode. In an example, the wireless device may be in an RRC idle mode. In an example, the wireless device may be in an RRC inactive mode.

[0225] In an example, the cell may comprise a plurality of BWPs. The plurality of BWPs may comprise one or more uplink BWPs comprising an uplink BWP of the cell. The plurality of BWPs may comprise one or more downlink BWPs comprising a downlink BWP of the cell.

[0226] In an example, a BWP of the plurality of BWPs may be in one of an active state and an inactive state. In an example, in the active state of a downlink BWP of the one or more downlink BWPs, the wireless device may monitor a downlink channel / signal (e.g., PDCCH, DCI, CSI-RS, PDSCH) on / for / via the downlink BWP. In an example, in the active state of a downlink BWP of the one or more downlink BWPs, the wireless device may receive a PDSCH on / via / for the downlink BWP. In an example, in the inactive state of a downlink BWP of the one or more downlink BWPs, the wireless device may not monitor a downlink channel / signal (e.g., PDCCH, DCI, CSI-RS, PDSCH) on / via / for the downlink BWP. In the inactive state of a downlink BWP of the one or more downlink BWPs, the wireless device may stop monitoring (or receiving) a downlink channel / signal (e.g., PDCCH, DCI, CSI-RS, PDSCH) on / via / for the downlink BWP. In an example, in the inactive state of a downlink BWP of the one or more downlink BWPs, the wireless device may not receive a PDSCH on / via / for the downlink BWP. In the inactive state of a downlink BWP of the one or more downlink BWPs, the wireless device may stop receiving a PDSCH on / via / for the downlink BWP.

[0227] In an example, in the active state of an uplink BWP of the one or more uplink BWPs, the wireless device may transmit an uplink signal / channel (e.g., PUCCH, preamble, PUSCH, PRACH, PUCCH, etc.) on / via the uplink BWP. In an example, in the inactive state of an uplink BWP of the one or more uplink BWPs, the wireless device may not transmit an uplink signal / channel (e.g., PUCCH, preamble, PUSCH, PRACH, PUCCH, etc.) on / via the uplink BWP.

[0228] In an example, the wireless device may activate the downlink BWP of the one or more downlink BWPs of the cell. In an example, the activating the downlink BWP may comprise setting (or switching to) the downlink BWP as an active downlink BWP of the cell. In an example, the activating the downlink BWP may comprise setting the downlink BWP in the active state. In an example, activating the downlink BWP may comprise switching the downlink BWP from the inactive state to the active state.

[0229] In an example, the wireless device may activate the uplink BWP of the one or more uplink BWPs of the cell. In an example, activating the uplink BWP may comprise that the wireless device sets (or switches to) the uplink BWP as an active uplink BWP of the cell. In an example, the activating the uplink BWP may comprise setting the uplink BWP in the active state. In an example, the activating the uplink BWP may comprise switching the uplink BWP from the inactive state to the active state.Docket No.: 24-1088PCT

[0230] In an example, the one or more configuration parameters may be for the (active) downlink BWP of the cell. In an example, at least one configuration parameter of the one or more configuration parameters may be for the downlink BWP of the cell.

[0231] In an example, the one or more configuration parameters may be for the (active) uplink BWP of the cell. In an example, at least one configuration parameter of the one or more configuration parameters may be for the uplink BWP of the cell.

[0232] The one or more configuration parameters may indicate a subcarrier spacing (or a numerology) for the downlink BWP.

[0233] The one or more configuration parameters may indicate a subcarrier spacing (or numerology) for the uplink BWP.

[0234] A value of the subcarrier spacing (of the downlink BWP and / or the uplink BWP) may be / indicate, for example, 15 kHz (mu = 0). A value of the subcarrier spacing may be / indicate, for example, 30 kHz (mu = 1). A value of the subcarrier spacing may be / indicate, for example, 60 kHz (mu = 2). A value of the subcarrier spacing may be / indicate, for example, 120 kHz (mu = 3). A value of the subcarrier spacing may be / indicate, for example, 240 kHz (mu = 4). A value of the subcarrier spacing may be / indicate, for example, 480 kHz (mu = 5). A value of the subcarrier spacing may be / indicate, for example, 960 kHz (mu = 6). For example, 480 kHz may be valid / applicable in FR3. For example, 960 kHz may be valid / applicable in FR3. For example, 240 kHz may be valid / applicable in FR3. For example, 120 kHz may be valid / applicable in FR3.

[0235] The one or more configuration parameters may comprise a first parameter (e.g., asymmetric-DL-sTRP-UL- mTRP, asymmetric-mTRP, asymmetric-TRP, uplink-only-TRP, DL-sTRP-UL-mTRP, asymmetric-DL-UL, enable-DL- sTRP-UL-mTRP, enable-asymmetric-DL-sTRP-UL-mTRP, enable-asymmetric-DL-UL, uplink-downlink, and the like).

[0236] The first parameter may indicate whether a single TRP in the downlink and multiple TRPs in the uplink operation / mode is enabled or not.

[0237] In an example, when the one or more configuration parameters comprise the first parameter, the wireless device may receive downlink receptions (e.g., PDCCH, PDSCH, CSI-RS, SS / PBCH blocks) from a first TRP (e.g., TRP 1 in FIG.17). The wireless device may not receive downlink receptions (e.g., PDCCH, PDSCH, CSI-RS, SS / PBCH blocks) from a second TRP (e.g., TRP 2 in FIG.17). The wireless device may transmit uplink transmissions (e.g., PUCCH, PUSCH, SRS) to both the first TRP and the second TRP.

[0238] In an example, when the first parameter is present / configured / provided in the one or more configuration parameters, the wireless device may receive downlink receptions (e.g., PDCCH, PDSCH, CSI-RS, SS / PBCH blocks) from a first TRP (e.g., TRP 1 in FIG.17). The wireless device may not receive downlink receptions (e.g., PDCCH, PDSCH, CSI-RS, SS / PBCH blocks) from a second TRP (e.g., TRP 2 in FIG.17). The wireless device may transmit uplink transmissions (e.g., PUCCH, PUSCH, SRS) to both the first TRP and the second TRP.Docket No.: 24-1088PCT

[0239] In an example, when the first parameter is enabled, the wireless device may receive downlink receptions (e.g., PDCCH, PDSCH, CSI-RS, SS / PBCH blocks) from a first TRP (e.g., TRP 1 in FIG.17). The wireless device may not receive downlink receptions (e.g., PDCCH, PDSCH, CSI-RS, SS / PBCH blocks) from a second TRP (e.g., TRP 2 in FIG.17). The wireless device may transmit uplink transmissions (e.g., PUCCH, PUSCH, SRS) to both the first TRP and the second TRP.

[0240] In an example, when the first parameter is set to a first value (e.g., ‘enabled’), the wireless device may receive downlink receptions (e.g., PDCCH, PDSCH, CSI-RS, SS / PBCH blocks) from a first TRP (e.g., TRP 1 in FIG.17). The wireless device may not receive downlink receptions (e.g., PDCCH, PDSCH, CSI-RS, SS / PBCH blocks) from a second TRP (e.g., TRP 2 in FIG.17). The wireless device may transmit uplink transmissions (e.g., PUCCH, PUSCH, SRS) to both the first TRP and the second TRP.

[0241] In an example, when the one or more configuration parameters do not comprise the first parameter, the wireless device may receive downlink receptions (e.g., PDCCH, PDSCH, CSI-RS, SS / PBCH blocks) from both a first TRP (e.g., TRP 1 in FIG.17) and a second TRP (e.g., TRP 2 in FIG.17). The wireless device may transmit uplink transmissions (e.g., PUCCH, PUSCH, SRS) to both the first TRP and the second TRP.

[0242] In an example, when the first parameter is not present / configured / provided (or is absent) in the one or more configuration parameters, the wireless device may receive downlink receptions (e.g., PDCCH, PDSCH, CSI-RS, SS / PBCH blocks) from both a first TRP (e.g., TRP 1 in FIG.17) and a second TRP (e.g., TRP 2 in FIG.17). The wireless device may transmit uplink transmissions (e.g., PUCCH, PUSCH, SRS) to both the first TRP and the second TRP.

[0243] In an example, when the first parameter is not enabled (or is disabled), the wireless device may receive downlink receptions (e.g., PDCCH, PDSCH, CSI-RS, SS / PBCH blocks) from both a first TRP (e.g., TRP 1 in FIG.17) and a second TRP (e.g., TRP 2 in FIG.17). The wireless device may transmit uplink transmissions (e.g., PUCCH, PUSCH, SRS) to both the first TRP and the second TRP.

[0244] In an example, when the first parameter is set to a second value (e.g., ‘disabled’, ‘not enabled’), the wireless device may receive downlink receptions (e.g., PDCCH, PDSCH, CSI-RS, SS / PBCH blocks) from both a first TRP (e.g., TRP 1 in FIG.17) and a second TRP (e.g., TRP 2 in FIG.17). The wireless device may transmit uplink transmissions (e.g., PUCCH, PUSCH, SRS) to both the first TRP and the second TRP.

[0245] A TRP is a physical point for network transmission and / or reception. Such a physical point may correspond, for example, to one or more sites within a cell or to geographically separated antennas of a distributed-antenna system. In multi-TRP operation, communication involving a wireless device (e.g., UE) may include downlink multi-point transmission and / or uplink multi-point reception. Downlink multi-point transmission may include downlink transmission from multiple points or TRPs to the same wireless device. Uplink multi-point reception may include reception at multiple points or TRPs of uplink transmissions from the same wireless device.Docket No.: 24-1088PCT

[0246] In asymmetric multi-TRP operation, communication involving the wireless device may include only downlink multi-point transmission or only uplink multi-point reception. An example shown in FIG.17 includes a wireless device and TRP 1 and TRP 2. TRP 1 and TRP 2 may be associated with single or multiple base stations. For example, TRP 1 may be associated with a first base station (e.g., a macro cell or a macro gNB) and TRP 2 may be associated with a second base station (e.g., a microcell, a picocell, or a femtocell). TRP 1 may support or enable both downlink transmission to the wireless device and uplink reception from the wireless device. TRP 2 may support or enable only uplink reception from the wireless device. In an example, TRP 1, which supports or enables downlink transmission to the wireless device is referred to as an “anchor” or a “primary” TRP. In contrast, TRP 2, which supports or enables only uplink reception from the wireless device may be referred to as an “uplink-only” or a “secondary” TRP.

[0247] In accordance with example in FIG.17, communication between the wireless device and the base station may include uplink multi-point reception but may not include downlink multi-point transmission. That is, the wireless device may transmit uplink transmissions to both TRP 1 and TRP 2 but may receive downlink transmissions from TRP 1 only. In an example, such an asymmetric multi-TRP operation may be referred to as a downlink single TRP, uplink multi-TRP (DL sTRP / UL mTRP) operation.

[0248] In another example (not shown in FIG.17), communication between the wireless device and the base station may include downlink multi-point transmission but may not include uplink multi-point reception. For example, the wireless device may receive downlink transmissions from both TRP 1 and TRP 2 but may transmit uplink transmissions to TRP 1 only. Such an asymmetric multi-TRP operation may be referred to as downlink multi-TRP, uplink single TRP (DL mTRP / UL sTRP) operation.

[0249] In the existing technologies, the closed-loop power control of SRS may be divided into two scenarios.

[0250] In the first scenario, the closed-loop power control of SRS may share PUSCH. When a higher layer parameter srs-PowerControlAdjustmentStates in / for an SRS resource set is not configured, the closed-loop power control of the SRS resource set may share with the first closed-loop power control (e.g., l=0) of PUSCH. When a higher layer parameter srs-PowerControlAdjustmentStates in / for an SRS resource set is configured and set to ‘sameAsFci2’, the closed-loop power control of the SRS resource set may share with the second closed-loop power control (e.g., l=1) of PUSCH. The adjustment amount of closed-loop power control of PUSCH may be indicated by a TPC command in DCI formats 0_0, 0_1, 0_2, 2_2. These DCI formats may indicate the adjustment amount of closed-loop power control of the SRS resource set based on the closed-loop power control of the SRS resource set sharing with that of PUSCH.

[0251] In the second scenario, the closed-loop power control of SRS may be independent. When a higher layer parameter srs-PowerControlAdjustmentStates in an SRS resource set is configured as ‘separateClosedLoop’, the SRS resource set may use an independent closed-loop power control. The SRS resource set may be associated with a closed- loop power control adjustment state separate from that of PUSCH.

[0252] The closed-loop power control of the SRS resource set may be indicated by a TPC command in DCI format 2_3.Docket No.: 24-1088PCT

[0253] However, for asymmetric multi-TRP operation (e.g., asymmetric DL sTRP / UL mTRP deployment scenario), uplink transmission powers towards non-collocated TRPs may be controlled separately due to different radio wave propagation environments. As the two uplink receiving nodes (e.g., TRP 1 and TRP 2) may differ in power rating in asymmetric DL sTRP / UL mTRP deployment scenarios, it may be beneficial to support two closed-loop power control adjustment states for SRS, both separate from PUSCH. For example, as shown in FIG.18, one SRS closed-loop power control adjustment state which is separate from the PUSCH may be needed / used for SRS transmitted to TRP 1 (e.g., macro gNB) for downlink CSI acquisition, and another separate SRS closed-loop power control adjustment state may be needed for SRS transmitted to TRP 2 (e.g., micro gNB) for beam management. Therefore, two closed-loop power control adjustment states, both separate from PUSCH may be needed for SRS. Even though FIG.18 shows SRS transmitted to TRP 2 is for beam management, it may also be for SRS transmission with usage set to codebook or set to non-codebook.

[0254] In an example, a higher layer parameter srs-PowerControlAdjustmentStates in / for an SRS resource set may indicate a closed-loop power control adjustment state among the two closed-loop adjustment states. For example, when the higher layer parameter srs-PowerControlAdjustmentStates is set to ‘separateClosedLoop’, the closed-loop power control adjustment state is the first closed-loop power control adjustment state (e.g., l=0). When the higher layer parameter srs-PowerControlAdjustmentStates is set to ‘separateClosedLoop2’, the closed-loop power control adjustment state is the second closed-loop power control adjustment state (e.g., l=1).

[0255] In an example, a higher layer parameter srs-PowerControlAdjustmentStates in / for an SRS resource set may be set to ‘separateClosedLoop’. A higher layer parameter closedLoopIndex in a TCI state indicated for the SRS resource set may indicate a closed-loop power control adjustment state. For example, when the higher layer parameter closedLoopIndex is set to ‘i0’, the closed-loop power control adjustment state is the first closed-loop power control adjustment state (e.g., l=0). When the higher layer parameter closedLoopIndex is set to ‘i1’, the closed-loop power control adjustment state is the second closed-loop power control adjustment state (e.g., l=1). In an example, the TCI state may be the indicated TCI state. In an example, the TCI state may be configured / indicated / activated for an SRS resource, in the SRS resource set, with a lowest SRS resource index / identifier.

[0256] In the existing technologies, DCI format 2_3 may be used for the transmission of a group of TPC commands for SRS transmissions by one or more wireless devices.

[0257] When two closed-loop power control adjustment states are configured for SRS, in an example, a field (e.g., closed-loop indicator field) may be introduced in a block in DCI format 2_3 to indicate the corresponding TPC command is associated with which closed-loop power control adjustment state of the two closed-loop power control adjustment states. The TPC command in the block in DCI format 2_3 may be applied, by the wireless device, to the SRS transmissions with the closed-loop index as indicated by the field. For example, when the field is set to a first value (e.g., 0), the closed-loop power control adjustment state is the first closed-loop power control adjustment state (e.g., l=0). When the field is set to a second value (e.g., 1), the closed-loop power control adjustment state is the second closed-loop power control adjustment state (e.g., l=1).Docket No.: 24-1088PCT

[0258] In the existing technologies, the wireless device may not be aware if a DCI format 2_3 comprises a closed loop indicator field or not. When the wireless device is not aware of presence of the closed loop indicator field in the DCI format 2_3, the wireless device may not determine a size / length of the DCI format 2_3 (or may not determine a number of bits in the DCI format 2_3). This may result in increased blind decoding leading to delayed DCI decoding and / or high complexity at the wireless device.

[0259] Example embodiments enhance DCI format 2_3 when two closed-loop power control adjustment states are configured for SRS.

[0260] In an example embodiment, the DCI format 2_3 comprises a closed loop indicator field when the wireless device is configured, by RRC message(s), an SRS power control adjustment state parameter (e.g., twoSRS-PC- AdjustmentStates) indicating two SRS closed-loop power control adjustment states and / or a first parameter (e.g., asymmetric-DL-sTRP-UL-mTRP, asymmetric-mTRP, asymmetric-TRP, uplink-only-TRP, DL-sTRP-UL-mTRP, asymmetric-DL-UL, enable-DL-sTRP-UL-mTRP, enable-asymmetric-DL-sTRP-UL-mTRP, enable-asymmetric-DL-UL, uplink-downlink, and the like) indicating asymmetric TRP operation (or asymmetric TRP mode / deployment / scenario).

[0261] The wireless device may be aware of the size / length of the DCI format 2_3. This may result in reduced blind decoding.

[0262] In an example, the base station may configure, by RRC message(s), the wireless device an SRS power control adjustment state parameter (e.g., twoSRS-PC-AdjustmentStates) indicating two SRS closed-loop power control adjustment states. The wireless device may not support two SRS closed-loop power control adjustment states. As mentioned above, the size / length of the DCI format 2_3 may be based on whether the wireless device is configured with the SRS power control adjustment state parameter or not. If the wireless device does not support two SRS closed-loop power control adjustment states, the wireless device may not use the closed-loop indicator field in the DCI format 2_3 leading to inaccurate power control.

[0263] The example embodiments enhance support of two SRS closed-loop power control adjustment states. In an example, the wireless device may transmit a UE capability message indicating support for two SRS closed-loop power control adjustment states. The base station may configure, by RRC message(s), the wireless device the SRS power control adjustment state parameter (e.g., twoSRS-PC-AdjustmentStates) based on receiving the UE capability message indicating support for two SRS closed-loop power control adjustment states. The base station may not configure, by RRC message(s), a second wireless device the SRS power control adjustment state parameter (e.g., twoSRS-PC- AdjustmentStates) if the base station does not receive, from the second wireless device, a UE capability message indicating support for two SRS closed-loop power control adjustment states. This may lead to accurate power control.

[0264] In the existing technologies, when the wireless device receives a random-access response, the wireless device sets an SRS closed-loop power control adjustment state to a first value. The wireless device may reset the SRS closed- loop power control adjustment state, for example, based on receiving the random-access response.Docket No.: 24-1088PCT

[0265] When the wireless is configured with two SRS closed-loop power control adjustment states, the wireless device may not be aware whether to reset the first SRS closed-loop power control adjustment state (e.g., l=0) or the second SRS closed-loop power control adjustment state (e.g., l=1). The example embodiments enhance closed-loop power control reset when the wireless is configured with two SRS closed-loop power control adjustment states.

[0266] In an example embodiment, the wireless device may reset the first SRS closed-loop power control adjustment state (e.g., l=0), for example, based on receiving the random-access response. The first SRS closed-loop power control adjustment state (e.g., l=0) may be a default SRS closed-loop power control adjustment state to reset after receiving a random-access response.

[0267] In the case of two TAGs for a cell, a PDCCH order may trigger PRACH toward either the first TRP or the second TRP. When two closed loop adjustment states are configured for SRS (twoSRS-PC-AdjustmentStates is configured), the resetting of the first SRS closed-loop power control adjustment state (e.g., l=0) may result in unnecessary interruption if PRACH is triggered toward the second TRP. This is because, the first SRS closed-loop power control adjustment state (e.g., l=0) that may be configured for the first TRP is reset instead of the second SRS closed-loop power control adjustment state (e.g., l=1).

[0268] The wireless device may need to determine whether to reset the first SRS closed-loop power control adjustment state (e.g., l=0) or reset the second SRS closed-loop power control adjustment state (e.g., l=1) based on whether the PRACH is toward the first TRP or the second TRP.

[0269] In an example embodiment, the wireless device may reset the first SRS closed-loop power control adjustment state (e.g., l=0), for example, based on the random-access response indicating the first TAG indicated / identified by a higher layer parameter tag-Id. The wireless device may reset the second SRS closed-loop power control adjustment state (e.g., l=1), for example, based on the random-access response indicating the second TAG indicated / identified by a higher layer parameter tag2-Id.

[0270] This may result in reduced interruption.

[0271] FIG.19 illustrates an example of flow chart for DCI size determination as per an aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0272] In an example, the base station may need (additional) one or more UE radio access capability information of the wireless device. The base station may initiate a procedure to request the one or more UE radio access capability information (e.g., by an information element UECapabilityEnquiry) from the wireless device. In an example, the wireless device may use an information element (e.g., UECapabilityInformation message) to transfer one or more UE radio access capability information requested by the base station. The wireless device may transmit, e.g., to the base station, a UE capability message comprising UE capability information. The UE capability information may indicate whether the wireless device supports two different transmit power control (TPC) loops for SRS closed loop power control. The UE capability information may comprise a field / parameter (e.g., twoDifferentTPC-Loop-SRS) indicating whether the wireless device supports two different TPC loops for SRS closed loop power control.Docket No.: 24-1088PCT

[0273] The one or more configuration parameters may comprise an SRS power control adjustment state parameter (e.g., twoSRS-PC-AdjustmentStates).

[0274] The one or more configuration parameters may comprise the SRS power control adjustment state parameter, for example, based on the wireless device supporting two different TPC loops for SRS closed loop power control. The one or more configuration parameters may comprise the SRS power control adjustment state parameter, for example, based on the UE capability information comprising the field / parameter (e.g., twoDifferentTPC-Loop-SRS) indicating that the wireless device supports two different TPC loops for SRS closed loop power control.

[0275] The one or more configuration parameters may comprise one or more SRS configuration parameters (e.g., SRS-Config) comprising the SRS power control adjustment state parameter.

[0276] The one or more SRS configuration parameters (e.g., SRS-Config) may comprise one or more SRS resource set configuration parameters (e.g., SRS-ResourceSet) of an SRS resource set. The uplink BWP of the cell may comprise the SRS resource set. The one or more SRS resource set configuration parameters may comprise the SRS power control adjustment state parameter.

[0277] The SRS power control adjustment state parameter may indicate a number of SRS power control adjustment states maintained by the wireless device.

[0278] In an example, the wireless device may maintain two SRS power control adjustment states (e.g., hb,f,c(i,0) and hb,f,c (i,1)) based on the one or more configuration parameters comprising the SRS power control adjustment state parameter. The wireless device may maintain the two SRS power control adjustment states based on the SRS power control adjustment state parameter being present in the one or more configuration parameters. The wireless device may maintain the two SRS power control adjustment states based on the SRS power control adjustment state parameter being set to ‘twoStates’. The two SRS power control adjustment states may comprise a first SRS power control adjustment state (e.g., hb,f,c(i,0), l=0) and a second two SRS power control adjustment state (e.g., hb,f,c(i,1), l=1).

[0279] In an example, the wireless device may maintain one SRS power control adjustment state (e.g., hb,f,c (i,0), l=0) based on the one or more configuration parameters not comprising the the SRS power control adjustment state parameter. The wireless device may maintain one SRS power control adjustment state based on the SRS power control adjustment state parameter being absent (or not being present) in the one or more configuration parameters.

[0280] The wireless device may receive / detect a DCI format 2_3.

[0281] The wireless device may receive, via a coreset, the DCI format 2_3. In an example, the downlink BWP of the cell may comprise the coreset. The one or more configuration parameters may indicate, for the downlink BWP, the coreset. The coreset may be associated with a common search space set. The wireless device may receive, in a PDCCH monitoring occasion associated with the common search space set of the coreset, the DCI format 2_3.

[0282] The DCI format 2_3 may comprise / indicate a plurality of blocks (e.g., block number 1, block number 2, … block number B). The DCI format 2_3 may comprise B blocks. The DCI format 2_3 may comprise / indicate the plurality of blocks for one or more wireless devices comprising the wireless device.Docket No.: 24-1088PCT

[0283] The plurality of blocks may comprise one or more blocks for the wireless device. The DCI format 2_3 may comprise / indicate the one or more blocks of the plurality of blocks for the wireless device. The one or more configuration parameters may indicate, for the wireless device, the one or more blocks in the DCI format 2_3.

[0284] Each block of the one or more blocks may be for (or may apply to) a respective uplink carrier. For example, a first block of the one or more blocks may be for (or may apply) to non-SUL carriers. A second block of the one or more blocks may be for (or may apply) to SUL carriers.

[0285] The one or more configuration parameters may comprise a first starting position parameter (e.g., startingBitOfFormat2-3) indicating a starting position of the first block. The one or more configuration parameters may comprise a second starting position parameter (e.g., startingBitOfFormat2-3SUL 3) indicating a starting position of the second block.

[0286] The one or more blocks of / for the wireless device may comprise a block. The block may be for (or may apply to) an uplink carrier.

[0287] The block may be, for example, the first block. The uplink carrier may be a non-SUL carrier.

[0288] The block may be, for example, the second block. The uplink carrier may be a SUL carrier.

[0289] In an example, an SRS power control of / on the cell (or the uplink carrier of the cell) may not be tied to a PUSCH power control of / on the cell (or the uplink carrier of the cell). The SRS power control of / on the cell and the PUSCH power control of / on the cell may be separate or independent.

[0290] The one or more configuration parameters may indicate, for the wireless device, the one or more blocks in the DCI format 2_3, for example, based on the one or more configuration parameters comprising the first parameter (e.g., asymmetric-DL-sTRP-UL-mTRP, asymmetric-mTRP, asymmetric-TRP, uplink-only-TRP, DL-sTRP-UL-mTRP, asymmetric-DL-UL, enable-DL-sTRP-UL-mTRP, enable-asymmetric-DL-sTRP-UL-mTRP, enable-asymmetric-DL-UL, uplink-downlink, and the like). The DCI format 2_3 may comprise / indicate the one or more blocks for the wireless device, for example, based on the one or more configuration parameters comprising the first parameter.

[0291] The one or more configuration parameters may indicate, for the wireless device, the one or more blocks in the DCI format 2_3, for example, based on the one or more configuration parameters comprising the SRS power control adjustment state parameter. The DCI format 2_3 may comprise / indicate the one or more blocks for the wireless device, for example, based on the one or more configuration parameters comprising the SRS power control adjustment state parameter.

[0292] The block may comprise, for example, an SRS request field.

[0293] The block may comprise, for example, one or more TPC commands (or one or more TPC fields or one or more TPC command fields).

[0294] The block may comprise, for example, one or more closed loop indicator fields.Docket No.: 24-1088PCT

[0295] The one or more configuration parameters may comprise an SRS-PDCCH-group parameter (e.g., srs-TPC- PDCCH-Group). The one or more configuration parameters may comprise an SRS carrier switching parameter (e.g., SRS-CarrierSwitching) that comprises the SRS-PDCCH-group parameter.

[0296] In an example, the SRS-PDCCH-group parameter may be set to ‘typeA’. The one or more configuration parameters may comprise a cell set index (cc-SetIndex) indicating / identifying / for a set of cells (e.g., a set of serving cells). The set of cells may comprise one or more cells (or one or more serving cells). The one or more cells may comprise the cell. The one or more configuration parameters may comprise a cell index parameter (e.g., cc- IndexInOneCC-Set). The cell index parameter may indicate / identify the one or more cells in the set of cells. The cell index parameter (e.g., cc-IndexInOneCC-Set) may comprise one or more cell indexes indicating / identifying the one or more cells in the set of cells. The cell index parameter may comprise a respective cell index, of the one or more cell indexes, of / indicating / identifying each cell of the one or more cells. The cell index parameter may comprise a cell index, of the one or more cell indexes, of / indicating / identifying the cell of the one or more cells.

[0297] The one or more TPC commands may apply to the one or more cells in the set of cells. Each TPC command of the one or more TPC commands may apply to a respective cell of the one or more cells in the set of cells. A number of the one or more TPC commands may be equal to a number of cells in the set of cells. The wireless device may apply each TPC command of the one or more TPC commands to a respective cell of the one or more cells in the set of cells. The wireless device may transmit, via each cell of the one or more cells, an SRS transmission using a transmission power determined based on a respective TPC command of the one or more TPC commands.

[0298] The one or more TPC commands may apply to the uplink carrier of the one or more cells in the set of cells. Each TPC command of the one or more TPC commands may apply to the uplink carrier of a respective cell of the one or more cells in the set of cells. A number of the one or more TPC commands may be equal to a number of cells in the set of cells. The wireless device may apply each TPC command of the one or more TPC commands to the uplink carrier of a respective cell of the one or more cells in the set of cells. The wireless device may transmit, via the uplink carrier of each cell of the one or more cells, an SRS transmission using a transmission power determined based on a respective TPC command of the one or more TPC commands.

[0299] The one or more TPC commands may be / comprise a TPC command. The TPC command may apply to the cell. The TPC command may apply to the uplink carrier of the cell. The wireless device may apply the TPC command to the cell. The wireless device may transmit, via the cell, an SRS transmission using a transmission power determined based on the TPC command. The wireless device may apply the TPC command to the uplink carrier of the cell. The wireless device may transmit, via the uplink carrier of the cell, an SRS transmission using a transmission power determined based on the TPC command.

[0300] The one or more closed loop indicator fields may apply to the one or more cells, in the set of cells, configured with the first parameter (e.g., asymmetric-DL-sTRP-UL-mTRP, asymmetric-mTRP, asymmetric-TRP, uplink-only-TRP, DL-sTRP-UL-mTRP, asymmetric-DL-UL, enable-DL-sTRP-UL-mTRP, enable-asymmetric-DL-sTRP-UL-mTRP, enable-Docket No.: 24-1088PCT asymmetric-DL-UL, uplink-downlink, and the like) and the SRS power control adjustment state parameter. Each closed loop indicator field of the one or more closed loop indicator fields may apply to a respective cell of the one or more cells configured with the first parameter and the SRS power control adjustment state parameter. A number of the one or more closed loop indicator fields may be equal to a number of cells, in the set of cells, configured with the first parameter and the SRS power control adjustment state parameter. The wireless device may apply each closed loop indicator field of the one or more closed loop indicator fields to a respective cell of the one or more cells in the set of cells. The wireless device may transmit, via each cell of the one or more cells, an SRS transmission using a transmission power determined based on a respective closed loop indicator field of the one or more closed loop indicator fields.

[0301] The one or more closed loop indicator fields may apply to the one or more cells, in the set of cells, configured with the SRS power control adjustment state parameter. Each closed loop indicator field of the one or more closed loop indicator fields may apply to a respective cell of the one or more cells configured with the SRS power control adjustment state parameter. A number of the one or more closed loop indicator fields may be equal to a number of cells, in the set of cells, configured with the SRS power control adjustment state parameter.

[0302] The block may not comprise a closed loop indicator field for a first cell, in the set cells, that is not configured with the first parameter. The block may not comprise a closed loop indicator field for any cell, in the set cells, that is not configured with the first parameter.

[0303] The block may not comprise a closed loop indicator field for a first cell, in the set cells, that is not configured with the SRS power control adjustment state parameter. The block may not comprise a closed loop indicator field for any cell, in the set cells, that is not configured with the SRS power control adjustment state parameter.

[0304] The block may not comprise a closed loop indicator field for any cell, in the set cells, that is not configured with the first parameter.

[0305] The one or more closed loop indicator fields may apply to the uplink carrier of the one or more cells, in the set of cells, configured with the first parameter (e.g., asymmetric-DL-sTRP-UL-mTRP, asymmetric-mTRP, asymmetric- TRP, uplink-only-TRP, DL-sTRP-UL-mTRP, asymmetric-DL-UL, enable-DL-sTRP-UL-mTRP, enable-asymmetric-DL- sTRP-UL-mTRP, enable-asymmetric-DL-UL, uplink-downlink, and the like) and the SRS power control adjustment state parameter. Each closed loop indicator field of the one or more closed loop indicator fields may apply to the uplink carrier of a respective cell of the one or more cells configured with the first parameter and the SRS power control adjustment state parameter. A number of the one or more closed loop indicator fields may be equal to a number of cells, in the set of cells, configured with the first parameter and the SRS power control adjustment state parameter. The wireless device may apply each closed loop indicator field of the one or more closed loop indicator fields to the uplink carrier of a respective cell of the one or more cells in the set of cells. The wireless device may transmit, via the uplink carrier of each cell of the one or more cells, an SRS transmission using a transmission power determined based on a respective closed loop indicator field of the one or more closed loop indicator fields.Docket No.: 24-1088PCT

[0306] The one or more closed loop indicator fields may apply to the uplink carrier of the one or more cells, in the set of cells, configured with the SRS power control adjustment state parameter. Each closed loop indicator field of the one or more closed loop indicator fields may apply to the uplink carrier of a respective cell of the one or more cells configured with the SRS power control adjustment state parameter.

[0307] The block may not comprise a closed loop indicator field for the uplink carrier of a first cell, in the set cells, that is not configured with the first parameter. The block may not comprise a closed loop indicator field for the uplink carrier of any cell, in the set cells, that is not configured with the first parameter.

[0308] The block may not comprise a closed loop indicator field for the uplink carrier of a first cell, in the set cells, that is not configured with the SRS power control adjustment state parameter. The block may not comprise a closed loop indicator field for the uplink carrier of any cell, in the set cells, that is not configured with the SRS power control adjustment state parameter.

[0309] The one or more closed loop indicator fields may be / comprise a closed loop indicator field. The closed loop indicator field may apply to the cell. The wireless device may apply the closed loop indicator field to the cell. The wireless device may transmit, via the cell, an SRS transmission using a transmission power determined based on the closed loop indicator field. The closed loop indicator field may apply to the uplink carrier of the cell. The wireless device may apply the closed loop indicator field to the uplink carrier of the cell. The wireless device may transmit, via the uplink carrier of the cell, an SRS transmission using a transmission power determined based on the closed loop indicator field.

[0310] In an example, the SRS-PDCCH-group parameter may be set to ‘typeB’. The one or more TPC commands in the block may be / comprise a TPC command.

[0311] In an example, the one or more configuration parameters may not comprise an SRS carrier switching parameter (e.g., SRS-CarrierSwitching). The one or more configuration parameters may not comprise an SRS-PDCCH- group parameter (e.g., srs-TPC-PDCCH-Group). The SRS-PDCCH-group parameter may not be set to ‘typeA’. The SRS-PDCCH-group parameter may not be set to ‘typeB’. The one or more TPC commands in the block may be / comprise a TPC command.

[0312] The TPC command may apply to the cell. The TPC command may apply to the uplink carrier of the cell. The wireless device may apply the TPC command to the cell. The wireless device may transmit, via the cell, an SRS transmission using a transmission power determined based on the TPC command. The wireless device may apply the TPC command to the uplink carrier of the cell. The wireless device may transmit, via the uplink carrier of the cell, an SRS transmission using a transmission power determined based on the TPC command.

[0313] The one or more closed loop indicator fields may be / comprise a closed loop indicator field. The closed loop indicator field may apply to the cell. The wireless device may apply the closed loop indicator field to the cell. The wireless device may transmit, via the cell, an SRS transmission using a transmission power determined based on the closed loop indicator field. The closed loop indicator field may apply to the uplink carrier of the cell. The wireless deviceDocket No.: 24-1088PCT may apply the closed loop indicator field to the uplink carrier of the cell. The wireless device may transmit, via the uplink carrier of the cell, an SRS transmission using a transmission power determined based on the closed loop indicator field.

[0314] The block in the DCI format 2_3 may comprise the closed loop indicator field for the cell (or for the uplink carrier of the cell). The block may comprise the closed loop indicator field, for example, based on the one or more configuration parameters comprising the first parameter. The block may comprise the closed loop indicator field, for example, based on the one or more configuration parameters comprising the SRS power control adjustment state parameter. The block may comprise the closed loop indicator field, for example, based on the one or more configuration parameters comprising the first parameter and the SRS power control adjustment state parameter. A size / length of the closed loop indicator field may be, for example, 1 bit based on the one or more configuration parameters comprising the first parameter. A size / length of the closed loop indicator field may be, for example, a 1 bit based on the one or more configuration parameters comprising the SRS power control adjustment state parameter. A size / length of the closed loop indicator field may be, for example, a 1 bit based on the one or more configuration parameters comprising the first parameter and the SRS power control adjustment state parameter.

[0315] The closed loop indicator field may be present in the block in the DCI format 2_3, for example, based on the one or more configuration parameters comprising the first parameter. The closed loop indicator field may be present in the block in the DCI format 2_3, for example, based on the one or more configuration parameters comprising the SRS power control adjustment state parameter. The closed loop indicator field may be present in the block in the DCI format 2_3, for example, based on the one or more configuration parameters comprising the first parameter and the SRS power control adjustment state parameter. The wireless device may determine the size / length of the closed loop indicator field as 1 bit, for example, based on the one or more configuration parameters comprising the first parameter and the SRS power control adjustment state parameter. The wireless device may determine the size / length of the closed loop indicator field as 1 bit, for example, based on the one or more configuration parameters comprising the first parameter. The wireless device may determine the size / length of the closed loop indicator field as 1 bit, for example, based on the one or more configuration parameters comprising the SRS power control adjustment state parameter.

[0316] The base station may determine the size / length of the closed loop indicator field as 1 bit, for example, based on the one or more configuration parameters comprising the first parameter and the SRS power control adjustment state parameter. The base station may determine the size / length of the closed loop indicator field as 1 bit, for example, based on the one or more configuration parameters comprising the first parameter. The base station may determine the size / length of the closed loop indicator field as 1 bit, for example, based on the one or more configuration parameters comprising the SRS power control adjustment state parameter.

[0317] A first value (e.g., 0) of the closed loop indicator field may indicate the first SRS power control adjustment state (e.g., fb,f,c (i,0), l=0). The wireless device may apply the TPC command in the block to the first SRS power control adjustment state based on the closed loop indicator field being set / equal to the first value. The DCI format 2_3 may indicate TPC command for the first SRS power control adjustment state based on the closed loop indicator field beingDocket No.: 24-1088PCT set / equal to the first value. A second value (e.g., 1) of the closed loop indicator field may indicate the second SRS power control adjustment state (e.g., fb,f,c(i,1), l=1). The wireless device may apply the TPC command in the block to the second SRS power control adjustment state based on the closed loop indicator field being set / equal to the second value. The DCI format 2_3 may indicate TPC command for the second SRS power control adjustment state based on the closed loop indicator field being set / equal to the second value.

[0318] The block in the DCI format 2_3 may not comprise a closed loop indicator field for the cell (or for the uplink carrier of the cell), for example, based on the one or more configuration parameters not comprising the first parameter. The block may not comprise a closed loop indicator field for the cell, for example, based on the one or more configuration parameters not comprising the SRS power control adjustment state parameter. A size / length of the closed loop indicator field may be 0 bit, for example, based on the one or more configuration parameters not comprising the first parameter. A size / length of the closed loop indicator field may be 0 bit, for example, based on the one or more configuration parameters not comprising the SRS power control adjustment state parameter. A size / length of the closed loop indicator field may be 0 bit, for example, based on the one or more configuration parameters not comprising the first parameter or not comprising the SRS power control adjustment state parameter. The closed loop indicator field may be absent in the block in the DCI format 2_3, for example, based on the one or more configuration parameters not comprising the first parameter. The closed loop indicator field may be absent in the block in the DCI format 2_3, for example, based on the one or more configuration parameters not comprising the SRS power control adjustment state parameter. The wireless device may determine the size / length of the closed loop indicator field as 0 bit, for example, based on the one or more configuration parameters not comprising the first parameter or not comprising the SRS power control adjustment state parameter. The base station may determine the size / length of the closed loop indicator field as 0 bit, for example, based on the one or more configuration parameters not comprising the first parameter or not comprising the SRS power control adjustment state parameter.

[0319] The wireless device may determine, for detection / reception / decoding of the DCI format 2_3, a size / length of the DCI format 2_3. The wireless device may receive / detect / decode the DCI format 2_3 based on (or using) the size / length of the DCI format 2_3. The wireless device may reduce blind decoding complexity based on determining the size / length of the DCI format 2_3. The wireless device may reduce blind decoding complexity, for example, based on determining the size / length of the DCI format 2_3 before monitoring downlink control channels for the DCI format 2_3. The wireless device may receive a PDCCH candidate in the PDCCH monitoring occasion associated with the common search space set of the coreset. The wireless device may decode the PDCCH candidate according to the DCI format 2_3. The wireless device may decode the PDCCH candidate according to (or using or based on) the size / length of the DCI format 2_3. The wireless device may decode, according to (or using or based on) the size / length of the DCI format 2_3, the DCI format 2_3 associated with the PDCCH candidate.Docket No.: 24-1088PCT

[0320] The base station may determine, for transmission of the DCI format 2_3, a size / length of the DCI format 2_3. The base station may transmit the DCI format 2_3 based on (or using) the size / length of the DCI format 2_3. The base station may transmit the DCI format 2_3 with the size / length.

[0321] The wireless device may determine, for detection / reception / decoding of the DCI format 2_3, the size / length of the DCI format 2_3, for example, based on whether the one or more configuration parameters comprise the first parameter and the SRS power control adjustment state parameter.

[0322] The base station may determine, for transmission of the DCI format 2_3, the size / length of the DCI format 2_3, for example, based on whether the one or more configuration parameters comprise the first parameter and the SRS power control adjustment state parameter.

[0323] The wireless device may determine, for detection / reception / decoding of the DCI format 2_3, the size / length of the DCI format 2_3, for example, based on whether the one or more configuration parameters comprise the first parameter.

[0324] The base station may determine, for transmission of the DCI format 2_3, the size / length of the DCI format 2_3, for example, based on whether the one or more configuration parameters comprise the first parameter.

[0325] The wireless device may determine, for detection / reception / decoding of the DCI format 2_3, the size / length of the DCI format 2_3, for example, based on whether the one or more configuration parameters comprise the SRS power control adjustment state parameter.

[0326] The base station may determine, for transmission of the DCI format 2_3, the size / length of the DCI format 2_3, for example, based on whether the one or more configuration parameters comprise the SRS power control adjustment state parameter.

[0327] The SRS request field in the DCI format 2_3 may trigger an aperiodic SRS transmission. The SRS request field in the DCI format 2_3 may indicate / trigger one or more SRS resource sets for the aperiodic SRS transmission. The one or more configuration parameters may comprise an SRS resource set list parameter (e.g., srs- ResourceSetToAddModList) indicating a list of SRS resource sets. The list of SRS resource sets may comprise the one or more SRS resource sets.

[0328] The one or more configuration parameters may comprise a usage parameter (e.g., usage) for the one or more SRS resource sets. The one or more configuration parameters may comprise a respective usage parameter for each SRS resource set of the one or more SRS resource sets. The usage parameter may be, for example, set to ‘'antennaSwitching'’. The one or more configuration parameters may comprise a usage parameter set to ‘'antennaSwitching'’ for the one or more SRS resource sets. The one or more configuration parameters may comprise a respective usage parameter set to ‘'antennaSwitching'’ for each SRS resource set of the one or more SRS resource sets.

[0329] The one or more configuration parameters may comprise a resource type parameter (e.g., resourceType) for the one or more SRS resource sets. The one or more configuration parameters may comprise a respective resourceDocket No.: 24-1088PCT type parameter for each SRS resource set of the one or more SRS resource sets. The resource type parameter may be, for example, set to ‘aperiodic’. The one or more configuration parameters may comprise a resource type parameter set to ‘aperiodic’ for the one or more SRS resource sets. The one or more configuration parameters may comprise a respective resource type parameter set to ‘aperiodic’ for each SRS resource set of the one or more SRS resource sets.

[0330] The wireless device may transmit, via one or more SRS resources in the one or more SRS resource sets, SRS, for example, based on (or after) receiving the DCI format 2_3 triggering the aperiodic SRS transmission. The base station may receive, via one or more SRS resources in the one or more SRS resource sets, SRS, for example, based on (or after) transmitting the DCI format 2_3 triggering the aperiodic SRS transmission.

[0331] In an example, the one or more configuration parameters may not comprise an SRS carrier switching parameter (e.g., SRS-CarrierSwitching). The one or more configuration parameters may not comprise an SRS-PDCCH- group parameter (e.g., srs-TPC-PDCCH-Group). The SRS-PDCCH-group parameter may not be set to ‘typeA’. The SRS-PDCCH-group parameter may not be set to ‘typeB’. The SRS request field in the DCI format 2_3 may trigger the aperiodic SRS transmission (or may indicate / trigger the one or more SRS resource sets for the aperiodic SRS transmission), for example, based on the one or more configuration parameters comprising the first parameter (e.g., asymmetric-DL-sTRP-UL-mTRP, asymmetric-mTRP, asymmetric-TRP, uplink-only-TRP, DL-sTRP-UL-mTRP, asymmetric-DL-UL, enable-DL-sTRP-UL-mTRP, enable-asymmetric-DL-sTRP-UL-mTRP, enable-asymmetric-DL-UL, uplink-downlink, and the like) and the SRS power control adjustment state parameter. The SRS request field in the DCI format 2_3 may trigger the aperiodic SRS transmission (or may indicate / trigger the one or more SRS resource sets for the aperiodic SRS transmission), for example, based on the one or more configuration parameters comprising the first parameter. The SRS request field in the DCI format 2_3 may trigger the aperiodic SRS transmission (or may indicate / trigger the one or more SRS resource sets for the aperiodic SRS transmission), for example, based on the one or more configuration parameters comprising the SRS power control adjustment state parameter. The SRS request field in the DCI format 2_3 may trigger the aperiodic SRS transmission (or may indicate / trigger the one or more SRS resource sets for the aperiodic SRS transmission), for example, when the one or more configuration parameters do not comprise an SRS carrier switching parameter. The SRS request field in the DCI format 2_3 may trigger the aperiodic SRS transmission (or may indicate / trigger the one or more SRS resource sets for the aperiodic SRS transmission), for example, when the SRS-PDCCH-group parameter is not set to ‘typeB’. The SRS request field in the DCI format 2_3 may indicate / trigger the one or more SRS resource sets for the DCI format 2_3 with the first parameter. The SRS request field in the DCI format 2_3 may indicate / trigger the one or more SRS resource sets for the DCI format 2_3 without the SRS-PDCCH-group parameter set to ‘typeB’.

[0332] A first value (e.g., 00) of the SRS request field may indicate no aperiodic SRS resource set is triggered.

[0333] A second value (e.g., 01) of the SRS request field may indicate the one or more SRS resource sets with an aperiodic SRS resource trigger parameter (e.g., aperiodicSRS-ResourceTrigger) set to 1. The one or more configuration parameters may indicate, for each SRS resource set in / of the one or more SRS resource sets, aDocket No.: 24-1088PCT respective aperiodic SRS resource trigger parameter (e.g., aperiodicSRS-ResourceTrigger) set to 1. The one or more configuration parameters may indicate, for at least one SRS resource set in / of the one or more SRS resource sets, a respective aperiodic SRS resource trigger parameter (e.g., aperiodicSRS-ResourceTrigger) set to 1. The one or more configuration parameters may indicate, for an SRS resource set in / of the one or more SRS resource sets, an aperiodic SRS resource trigger parameter (e.g., aperiodicSRS-ResourceTrigger) set to 1.

[0334] A second value (e.g., 01) of the SRS request field may indicate the one or more SRS resource sets with an entry in an aperiodic SRS resource trigger list parameter (e.g., aperiodicSRS-ResourceTriggerList) set to 1. The one or more configuration parameters may indicate, for each SRS resource set in / of the one or more SRS resource sets, a respective aperiodic SRS resource trigger list parameter (e.g., aperiodicSRS-ResourceTriggerList) set to 1. The one or more configuration parameters may indicate, for at least one SRS resource set in / of the one or more SRS resource sets, a respective aperiodic SRS resource trigger list parameter (e.g., aperiodicSRS-ResourceTriggerList) set to 1. The one or more configuration parameters may indicate, for an SRS resource set in / of the one or more SRS resource sets, an aperiodic SRS resource trigger list parameter (e.g., aperiodicSRS-ResourceTriggerList) set to 1.

[0335] A third value (e.g., 01) of the SRS request field may indicate the one or more SRS resource sets with an aperiodic SRS resource trigger parameter (e.g., aperiodicSRS-ResourceTrigger) set to 2. The one or more configuration parameters may indicate, for each SRS resource set in / of the one or more SRS resource sets, a respective aperiodic SRS resource trigger parameter (e.g., aperiodicSRS-ResourceTrigger) set to 2. The one or more configuration parameters may indicate, for at least one SRS resource set in / of the one or more SRS resource sets, a respective aperiodic SRS resource trigger parameter (e.g., aperiodicSRS-ResourceTrigger) set to 2. The one or more configuration parameters may indicate, for an SRS resource set in / of the one or more SRS resource sets, an aperiodic SRS resource trigger parameter (e.g., aperiodicSRS-ResourceTrigger) set to 2.

[0336] A third value (e.g., 10) of the SRS request field may indicate the one or more SRS resource sets with an entry in an aperiodic SRS resource trigger list parameter (e.g., aperiodicSRS-ResourceTriggerList) set to 2. The one or more configuration parameters may indicate, for each SRS resource set in / of the one or more SRS resource sets, a respective aperiodic SRS resource trigger list parameter (e.g., aperiodicSRS-ResourceTriggerList) set to 2. The one or more configuration parameters may indicate, for at least one SRS resource set in / of the one or more SRS resource sets, a respective aperiodic SRS resource trigger list parameter (e.g., aperiodicSRS-ResourceTriggerList) set to 2. The one or more configuration parameters may indicate, for an SRS resource set in / of the one or more SRS resource sets, an aperiodic SRS resource trigger list parameter (e.g., aperiodicSRS-ResourceTriggerList) set to 2.

[0337] A fourth value (e.g., 11) of the SRS request field may indicate the one or more SRS resource sets with an aperiodic SRS resource trigger parameter (e.g., aperiodicSRS-ResourceTrigger) set to 3. The one or more configuration parameters may indicate, for each SRS resource set in / of the one or more SRS resource sets, a respective aperiodic SRS resource trigger parameter (e.g., aperiodicSRS-ResourceTrigger) set to 3. The one or more configuration parameters may indicate, for at least one SRS resource set in / of the one or more SRS resource sets, aDocket No.: 24-1088PCT respective aperiodic SRS resource trigger parameter (e.g., aperiodicSRS-ResourceTrigger) set to 3. The one or more configuration parameters may indicate, for an SRS resource set in / of the one or more SRS resource sets, an aperiodic SRS resource trigger parameter (e.g., aperiodicSRS-ResourceTrigger) set to 3.

[0338] A fourth value (e.g., 11) of the SRS request field may indicate the one or more SRS resource sets with an entry in an aperiodic SRS resource trigger list parameter (e.g., aperiodicSRS-ResourceTriggerList) set to 3. The one or more configuration parameters may indicate, for each SRS resource set in / of the one or more SRS resource sets, a respective aperiodic SRS resource trigger list parameter (e.g., aperiodicSRS-ResourceTriggerList) set to 3. The one or more configuration parameters may indicate, for at least one SRS resource set in / of the one or more SRS resource sets, a respective aperiodic SRS resource trigger list parameter (e.g., aperiodicSRS-ResourceTriggerList) set to 3. The one or more configuration parameters may indicate, for an SRS resource set in / of the one or more SRS resource sets, an aperiodic SRS resource trigger list parameter (e.g., aperiodicSRS-ResourceTriggerList) set to 3.

[0339] DCI format 2_3 may be used for the transmission of a group of TPC commands for SRS transmissions by one or more wireless devices. Along with a TPC command, an SRS request may also be transmitted. The one or more wireless devices may comprise a wireless device.

[0340] The following information may be transmitted by means of the DCI format 2_3 with CRC scrambled by TPC- SRS-RNTI: • block number 1, block number 2, …, block number B, where the starting position of a block is determined by a higher layer (e.g., RRC) parameter startingBitOfFormat2-3 or a higher layer parameter startingBitOfFormat2-3SUL- v1530 provided by higher layers (e.g., RRC) for the wireless device configured with the block.

[0341] If a wireless device is configured with a higher layer parameter srs-TPC-PDCCH-Group = typeA for an uplink without PUCCH and PUSCH or an uplink on which the SRS power control is not tied with PUSCH power control, or if the wireless device is configured with a first parameter (e.g., asymmetric-DL-sTRP-UL-mTRP, asymmetric-mTRP, asymmetric-TRP, uplink-only-TRP, DL-sTRP-UL-mTRP, asymmetric-DL-UL, enable-DL-sTRP-UL-mTRP, enable- asymmetric-DL-sTRP-UL-mTRP, enable-asymmetric-DL-UL, uplink-downlink, and the like) for an uplink carrier / cell on which the SRS power control is not tied with PUSCH power control, one or two blocks are configured for the wireless device by higher layers where one block applies to non-SUL carriers and another block applies to SUL carriers, with the following fields defined for each block: • SRS request - 0 or 2 bits. • TPC command number 1, TPC command number 2, ..., TPC command number N, where each TPC command applies to a respective uplink carrier provided by higher layer parameter cc-IndexInOneCC-Set. • Closed loop indicator 1, Closed loop indicator 2, …, Closed loop indicator N1, where each Closed loop indicator may apply to a respective uplink carrier provided by a higher layer parameter cc-IndexInOneCC-Set, and configured with the first parameter and a high layer parameter twoSRS-PC-AdjustmentStates.Docket No.: 24-1088PCT

[0342] If a wireless device is configured with a higher layer parameter srs-TPC-PDCCH-Group = typeB for an uplink without PUCCH and PUSCH or an uplink on which the SRS power control is not tied with PUSCH power control, or if the wireless device is configured with a first parameter (e.g., asymmetric-DL-sTRP-UL-mTRP, asymmetric-mTRP, asymmetric-TRP, uplink-only-TRP, DL-sTRP-UL-mTRP, asymmetric-DL-UL, enable-DL-sTRP-UL-mTRP, enable- asymmetric-DL-sTRP-UL-mTRP, enable-asymmetric-DL-UL, uplink-downlink, and the like) for an uplink carrier / cell on which the SRS power control is not tied with PUSCH power controlone block or more blocks is configured for the wireless device by higher layers where each block applies to an uplink carrier, with the following fields defined for each block: • SRS request - 0 or 2 bits. • TPC command -2 bits • Closed loop indicator - 0 or 1 bit. o 0 bit if the wireless device is not configured with the first parameter or is not configured with the high layer parameter twoSRS-PC-AdjustmentStates, o 1 bit if the wireless device is configured with the first parameter and is configured with the high layer parameter twoSRS-PC-AdjustmentStates.

[0343] The number of information bits in DCI format 2_3 may be equal to or less than the payload size of DCI format 1_0 monitored in common search space in the same serving cell. If the number of information bits in DCI format 2_3 is less than the payload size of DCI format 1_0 monitored in common search space in the same serving cell, zeros may be appended to DCI format 2_3 until the payload size equals that of DCI format 1_0 monitored in common search space in the same serving cell.

[0344] The higher layer twoSRS-PC-AdjustmentStates may indicate number of SRS power control adjustment states maintained by the wireless device (i.e., hc(i)). If the field is present (n2), the wireless device may maintain two power control states (i.e., hc(i,0) and hc(i,1)). If the field is absent, the wireless device may maintain one power control state (i.e., hc(i,0))

[0345] An SRS request field in a DCI format 2_3 may indicate a triggered SRS resource set defined by the entries of a higher layer parameter srs-ResourceSetToAddModList if a wireless device is configured with a higher layer parameter srs-TPC-PDCCH-Group set to 'typeB'. An SRS request field in a DCI format 2_3 may indicate SRS transmission(s) on a set of serving cells if a wireless device is configured with a higher layer parameter srs-TPC- PDCCH-Group set to 'typeA'. An SRS request field in a DCI format 2_3 may indicate a triggered SRS resource set defined by the entries of a higher layer parameter srs-ResourceSetToAddModList if a wireless device is configured with a first parameter (e.g., asymmetric-DL-sTRP-UL-mTRP, asymmetric-mTRP, asymmetric-TRP, uplink-only-TRP, DL- sTRP-UL-mTRP, asymmetric-DL-UL, enable-DL-sTRP-UL-mTRP, enable-asymmetric-DL-sTRP-UL-mTRP, enable- asymmetric-DL-UL, uplink-downlink, and the like). An SRS request field in a DCI format 2_3 may indicate a triggeredDocket No.: 24-1088PCT SRS resource set defined by the entries of a higher layer parameter srs-ResourceSetToAddModList if a wireless device is configured with a first parameter (e.g., asymmetric-DL-sTRP-UL-mTRP, asymmetric-mTRP, asymmetric-TRP, uplink- only-TRP, DL-sTRP-UL-mTRP, asymmetric-DL-UL, enable-DL-sTRP-UL-mTRP, enable-asymmetric-DL-sTRP-UL- mTRP, enable-asymmetric-DL-UL, uplink-downlink, and the like) and a high layer parameter twoSRS-PC- AdjustmentStates. The SRS request field may be, for example, 2 bits.

[0346] For an aperiodic SRS transmission (or an aperiodic SRS resource set) triggered in a DCI format 2_3, if a wireless device is configured with a higher layer parameter srs-TPC-PDCCH-Group set to 'typeA' or 'typeB' without PUSCH / PUCCH transmission, the wireless device may transmit, in / via each serving cell, one or two SRS resource set(s), from a higher layer parameter srs-ResourceSetToAddModList, with a higher layer parameter usage set to 'antennaSwitching' and with a higher layer parameter resourceType, in SRS-ResourceSet, set to 'aperiodic'.

[0347] For an aperiodic SRS transmission (or an aperiodic SRS resource set) triggered in a DCI format 2_3, if a wireless device is configured with a first parameter (e.g., asymmetric-DL-sTRP-UL-mTRP, asymmetric-mTRP, asymmetric-TRP, uplink-only-TRP, DL-sTRP-UL-mTRP, asymmetric-DL-UL, enable-DL-sTRP-UL-mTRP, enable- asymmetric-DL-sTRP-UL-mTRP, enable-asymmetric-DL-UL, uplink-downlink, and the like) and is configured with a high layer parameter twoSRS-PC-AdjustmentStates without PUSCH / PUCCH transmission, the wireless device may transmit, in / via each serving cell, one or two SRS resource set(s), from a higher layer parameter srs- ResourceSetToAddModList, with a higher layer parameter usage set to 'antennaSwitching' and with a higher layer parameter resourceType, in SRS-ResourceSet, set to 'aperiodic'.

[0348] For an aperiodic SRS transmission (or an aperiodic SRS resource set) triggered in a DCI format 2_3, if a wireless device is configured with a first parameter (e.g., asymmetric-DL-sTRP-UL-mTRP, asymmetric-mTRP, asymmetric-TRP, uplink-only-TRP, DL-sTRP-UL-mTRP, asymmetric-DL-UL, enable-DL-sTRP-UL-mTRP, enable- asymmetric-DL-sTRP-UL-mTRP, enable-asymmetric-DL-UL, uplink-downlink, and the like) and is configured with a high layer parameter twoSRS-PC-AdjustmentStates, the wireless device may transmit, in / via each serving cell, one or two SRS resource set(s), from a higher layer parameter srs-ResourceSetToAddModList, with a higher layer parameter usage set to 'antennaSwitching' and with a higher layer parameter resourceType, in SRS-ResourceSet, set to 'aperiodic'.

[0349] For an aperiodic SRS transmission (or an aperiodic SRS resource set) triggered in a DCI format 2_3, if a wireless device is configured with a first parameter (e.g., asymmetric-DL-sTRP-UL-mTRP, asymmetric-mTRP, asymmetric-TRP, uplink-only-TRP, DL-sTRP-UL-mTRP, asymmetric-DL-UL, enable-DL-sTRP-UL-mTRP, enable- asymmetric-DL-sTRP-UL-mTRP, enable-asymmetric-DL-UL, uplink-downlink, and the like) without PUSCH / PUCCH transmission, the wireless device may transmit, in / via each serving cell, one or two SRS resource set(s), from a higher layer parameter srs-ResourceSetToAddModList, with a higher layer parameter usage set to 'antennaSwitching' and with a higher layer parameter resourceType, in SRS-ResourceSet, set to 'aperiodic'.Docket No.: 24-1088PCT

[0350] For an aperiodic SRS transmission (or an aperiodic SRS resource set) triggered in a DCI format 2_3, if a wireless device is configured with a first parameter (e.g., asymmetric-DL-sTRP-UL-mTRP, asymmetric-mTRP, asymmetric-TRP, uplink-only-TRP, DL-sTRP-UL-mTRP, asymmetric-DL-UL, enable-DL-sTRP-UL-mTRP, enable- asymmetric-DL-sTRP-UL-mTRP, enable-asymmetric-DL-UL, uplink-downlink, and the like), the wireless device may transmit, in / via each serving cell, one or two SRS resource set(s), from a higher layer parameter srs- ResourceSetToAddModList, with a higher layer parameter usage set to 'antennaSwitching' and with a higher layer parameter resourceType, in SRS-ResourceSet, set to 'aperiodic'.

[0351] FIG.20 illustrates an example for closed-loop resetting as per an aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0352] The wireless device may transmit a PRACH transmission, for example, for a Type-1 random-access procedure. The wireless device may receive a random-access response message corresponding to the PRACH transmission (e.g., at time T1 in FIG.20). The random-access response message may comprise a random-access response grant. The random-access response grant may comprise a TPC command value (e.g., ^^,^,^). The TPC command value may be indicated in the random-access response grant. The wireless device may transmit, via the uplink BWP of the cell, the PRACH transmission.

[0353] The wireless device may transmit a MsgA transmission, for example, for a Type-2 random-access procedure. The wireless device may receive a random-access response message corresponding to the MsgA transmission (e.g., at time T1 in FIG.20). The random-access response message may comprise a random-access response grant. The random-access response message may be, for example, a fallback RAR. The random-access response message may be, for example, for fallback RAR. The random-access response grant may comprise a TPC command value (e.g., ^^,^,^). The TPC command value may be indicated in the random-access response grant. The wireless device may transmit, via the uplink BWP of the cell, the MsgA transmission.

[0354] The wireless device may transmit a MsgA transmission, for example, for a Type-2 random-access procedure. The wireless device may receive a random-access response message (e.g., successRAR) corresponding to the MsgA transmission (e.g., at time T1 in FIG.20). The random-access response message may be, for example, a success RAR. The random-access response message may be, for example, for success RAR. The success RAR may comprise a TPC command value (e.g., ^^,^,^). The TPC command value may be indicated in the success RAR. The wireless device may transmit, via the uplink BWP of the cell, the MsgA transmission.

[0355] The wireless device may set the first SRS power control adjustment state (e.g., hb,f,c (0,0), l=0) of the two SRS power control adjustment states to a first value (e.g., at time T2 in FIG.20). The wireless device may set the first SRS power control adjustment state (e.g., hb,f,c (0,0), l=0) of the two SRS power control adjustment states to the first value, for example, based on receiving the random-access response message corresponding to the PRACH transmission. The wireless device may set the first SRS power control adjustment state (e.g., hb,f,c(0,0), l=0) of the twoDocket No.: 24-1088PCT SRS power control adjustment states to the first value, for example, based on receiving the random-access response message corresponding to the MsgA transmission. The wireless device may set an initial / starting value of the first SRS power control adjustment state (e.g., hb,f,c (0,0), l=0) to the first value.

[0356] The wireless device may reset the first SRS power control adjustment state (e.g., hb,f,c (0,0), l=0). The wireless device may reset the first SRS power control adjustment state, for example, when the wireless device sets the first SRS power control adjustment state (to the first value. The wireless device may reset the first SRS power control adjustment state, for example, based on receiving the random-access response message corresponding to the PRACH transmission. The wireless device may reset the first SRS power control adjustment state, for example, based on receiving the random-access response message corresponding to the MsgA transmission.

[0357] The wireless device may determine / calculate the first value, for example, based on (or using) the TPC command value and a ramp-up value (e.g., ^^^^^^^^,^,^,^) The first value may be equal to, for example, the TPC command value plus the ramp-up value (e.g., ^^^^^^^^,^,^,^) as shown in the equation below:

[0358] The wireless device may determine / calculate the ramp-up value (e.g., ^^^^^^^^,^,^,^) as:where: • ^CMAX,^,^is the maximum output power (or maximum allowed transmit power) for carrier B of serving cell C, • ^O_SRS,^,^,^^()^ is a target received power provided / indicated by a higher layer parameter p0 for an active uplink BWP D of carrier B of serving cell C and an SRS resource set (), •is an SRS bandwidth expressed in number of resource blocks for SRS transmission occasion 3 on the active uplink BWP D of carrier B of serving cell C and E is a SCS configuration used for the SRS transmission, •is a pathloss compensation factor provided / indicated by a higher layer parameter alpha for the active uplink BWP D of carrier B of serving cell C and the SRS resource set (), • ^8^,^,^^(9^ is a downlink pathloss estimate in dB calculated by the wireless device using a reference signal resource index (9for an active downlink BWP of serving cell C and the SRS resource set (), • ∆^^^^^^^_^<=^<>?<@,^,^,^is provided / indicated / configured by higher layers (e.g., MAC) and corresponds to a total power ramp-up requested by the higher layers from the first / starting preamble to the last preamble for active uplink BWP D of carrier B of serving cell C. For example, ∆^^^^^^^_^<=^<>?<@,^,^,^may be equal to (PREAMBLE_POWER_RAMPING_COUNTER – 1) × PREAMBLE_POWER_RAMPING_STEP. For example,Docket No.: 24-1088PCT ∆^^^^^^^_^<=^<>?<@,^,^,^may be equal to (PREAMBLE_POWER_RAMPING_COUNTER) × PREAMBLE_POWER_RAMPING_STEP

[0359] The wireless device may not set the second SRS power control adjustment state (e.g., hb,f,c (i,1), l=1) of the two SRS power control adjustment states to the first value. The wireless device may not set the second SRS power control adjustment state to the first value, for example, after receiving the random-access response message corresponding to the PRACH transmission. The wireless device may set the second SRS power control adjustment state to the first value, for example, after receiving the random-access response message corresponding to the MsgA transmission. The wireless device may not set an initial / starting value of the second SRS power control adjustment state (e.g., hb,f,c (0,1), l=1) to the first value. The wireless device may not reset the second SRS power control adjustment state, for example, based on after receiving the random-access response message.

[0360] The one or more configuration parameters may comprise a first tag identifier (e.g., tag-Id) indicating / identifying a first timing advance group (TAG) for the cell. The cell may belong to (or be associated with) the first TAG. The one or more configuration parameters may not comprise a second tag identifier (e.g., tag2-Id) for the cell. The cell may not belong to (or associated with) two TAGs.

[0361] The wireless device may set the first SRS power control adjustment state (e.g., hb,f,c (0,0), l=0) to the first value, for example, based on the one or more configuration parameters not comprising the second tag identifier (e.g., tag2-Id). The wireless device may reset the first SRS power control adjustment state, for example, based on the one or more configuration parameters not comprising the second tag identifier (e.g., tag2-Id).

[0362] In an example, the one or more configuration parameters may not comprise an SRS power control adjustment state parameter (e.g., twoSRS-PC-AdjustmentStates). The wireless device may set the first SRS power control adjustment state (e.g., hb,f,c (0,0), l=0) to the first value, for example, based on the one or more configuration parameters not comprising the SRS power control adjustment state parameter. The wireless device may reset the first SRS power control adjustment state, for example, based on the one or more configuration parameters not comprising the SRS power control adjustment state parameter.

[0363] The one or more configuration parameters may comprise a first tag identifier (e.g., tag-Id) indicating / identifying a first timing advance group (TAG) for the cell. The cell may belong to (or be associated with) the first TAG. The one or more configuration parameters may comprise a second tag identifier (e.g., tag2-Id) indicating / identifying a second TAG for the cell. The cell may belong to (or be associated with) the second TAG. The cell may belong to (or associated with) two TAGs comprising the first TAG and the second TAG.

[0364] The random-access response message (corresponding to the PRACH transmission or to the MsgA transmission) may comprise a field (e.g., TI field) with a value indicating a TAG among the first TAG and the second TAG. For example, when the one or more configuration parameters indicate a tag flag (e.g., tag2-flag) set to ‘true’, a first value (e.g., 0) of the field may indicate second TAG and a second value (e.g., 1) of the field may indicate first TAG.Docket No.: 24-1088PCT For example, when the one or more configuration parameters do not indicate a tag flag (e.g., tag2-flag) set to ‘true’, a first value (e.g., 0) of the field may indicate first TAG and a second value (e.g., 1) of the field may indicate second TAG.

[0365] In an example, the random-access response message may indicate the first TAG. The wireless device may set the first SRS power control adjustment state (e.g., hb,f,c (0,0), l=0) to the first value, for example, based on the random-access response message indicating the first TAG. The wireless device may not set the second SRS power control adjustment state (e.g., hb,f,c (0,1), l=1) to the first value, for example, based on the random-access response message indicating the first TAG. The wireless device may reset the first SRS power control adjustment state, for example, based on the random-access response message indicating the first TAG. The wireless device may not reset the second SRS power control adjustment state, for example, based on the random-access response message indicating the first TAG.

[0366] In an example, the random-access response message may indicate the second TAG. The wireless device may set the second SRS power control adjustment state (e.g., hb,f,c (0,1), l=1) to the first value, for example, based on the random-access response message indicating the second TAG. The wireless device may reset the second SRS power control adjustment state, for example, based on the random-access response message indicating the second TAG. The wireless device may not set the first SRS power control adjustment state (e.g., hb,f,c (0,0), l=0) to the first value, for example, based on the random-access response message indicating the second TAG. The wireless device may not reset the first SRS power control adjustment state, for example, based on the random-access response message indicating the second TAG. The wireless device may set an initial / starting value of the second SRS power control adjustment state (e.g., hb,f,c(0,1), l=1) to the first value. The wireless device may determine / calculate the first value, for example, based on (or using) the TPC command value and the ramp-up value (e.g., ^^^^^^^^,^,^,^) The first value may be equal to, for example, the TPC command value plus the ramp-up value (e.g., ^^^^^^^^,^,^,^) as shown in the equation below:

[0367] In an example, “when” and “based on” may be interchangeably used. For example, “A may occur based on B being satisfied” may be replaced with “A may occur when B is satisfied”. For example, “a wireless device transmits B when the wireless device triggers A,” may be replaced with “a wireless device transmits B based on triggering A”.

[0368] If a wireless device transmits an SRS, based on a configuration by an SRS resource set ()provided / configured by a higher layer parameter SRS-ResourceSet, on an active uplink (UL) BWP D of carrier B of a serving cell C using SRS power control adjustment state with index ^, the wireless device may determine an SRStransmission power ^SRS,^,^,^^3, () , ^^ in an SRS transmission occasion 3 as:where:Docket No.: 24-1088PCT - ^CMAX,^,^^3^is the configured maximum output power for carrier B of the serving cell C in the SRS transmission occasion 3, -is a target received power provided by a higher layer parameter p0 for the active UL BWP D of carrier B of the serving cell C and the SRS resource set ()is provided by the higher layer parameter SRS- ResourceSet and indicated / identified by a higher layer parameter SRS-ResourceSetId, -is an SRS bandwidth expressed in number of resource blocks for the SRS transmission occasion 3 on the active UL BWP D of carrier B of the serving cell C and E is a SCS configuration, -a pathloss compensation factor provided by a higher layer parameter alpha for the active UL BWP D of carrier B of the serving cell C and the SRS resource set (),- ℎ^,^,^^3, ^^ is used (or is for) an SRS power control adjustment state l for the active UL BWP D of carrier B ofthe serving cell C and the SRS transmission occasion 3, -is a downlink pathloss estimate in dB calculated by the wireless device using an RS resource index (9for an active downlink (DL) BWP of the serving cell C and the SRS resource set (). The RS resource index (9may be provided by a higher layer parameter pathlossReferenceRS associated with the SRS resource set ()and may be either an ssb-Index providing a SS / PBCH block index or a csi-RS-Index providing a CSI-RS resource index. If the wireless device is provided / configured with a higher layer parameter enablePL-RS-UpdateForPUSCH-SRS, a MAC CE may provide / indicate, by a higher layer parameter SRS-PathlossReferenceRS-Id, a corresponding RS resource index (9for an aperiodic SRS resource set ()or a semi-persistent SRS resource set (), o If the wireless device is not provided / configured / indicated a higher layer parameter pathlossReferenceRS or SRS-PathlossReferenceRS-Id, or before the wireless device is provided / configured / indicated dedicated higher layer parameters, the wireless device may calculate ^8^,^,^^(9^ using an RS resource obtained from an SS / PBCH block with same SS / PBCH block index as the one the wireless device uses to obtain MIB. o If the wireless device is provided / configured / indicated a higher layer parameter pathlossReferenceLinking, the RS resource may be on a serving cell indicated by a value of a higher layer parameter pathlossReferenceLinking.

[0369] For an SRS power control adjustment state l for active UL BWP D of carrier B of serving cell C and SRS transmission occasion 3: -^^ if the wireless device is not configuredPUSCH transmissions on active UL BWP D of carrier B of serving cell C, or if srs-PowerControlAdjustmentStates indicates separate power control adjustment states between SRS transmissions and PUSCH transmissions, and if tpc- Accumulation is not provided, where:Docket No.: 24-1088PCT o The ^GHG,^,^,^values are given in the table below which shows mapping of TPC command fields in a DCI format scheduling a PUSCH transmission, or in DCI format 2_2 with CRC scrambled by TPC-PUSCH-RNTI, or in DCI format 2_3, to absolute and accumulated ^MNG"O,^,^,^values or ^GHG,^,^,^values:o^^ is jointly coded with other TPC commands in a PDCCH with DCI format 2_3,ois a sum of TPC command values in a set Z[ of TPC command values withcardinality C^Z[^ that the wirless device receives between \GHG^3 − 3.^ − 1 symbols before SRS transmissionoccasion 3 − 3. and \GHG^3^ symbols before SRS transmission occasion 3 on active UL BWP D of carrier B of servingcell C for SRS power control adjustment state, where 3. > 0 is the smallest integer for which \GHG^3^ symbols beforeSRS transmission occasion 3 − 3. is earlier than \GHG^3 − 3.^ symbols before SRS transmission occasion 3o if the SRS transmission is aperiodic, \GHG^3^ is a number of symbols for active UL BWP D of carrier B of serving cell C after a last symbol of a corresponding PDCCH triggering the SRS transmission and before a first symbol of the SRS transmission, o if the SRS transmission is semi-persistent or periodic, \GHG^3^ is a number of \GHG,^^_symbols equal to the product of a number of symbols per slot,>>̀acd^?b , and the minimum of the values provided by k2 in PUSCH- ConfigCommon for active UL BWP D of carrier B of serving cell C ^ If the first symbol of the SRS transmission occasion occurs within e^^df,gafter a last symbol of a PDCCH reception where the wireless device detects the DCI format providing the TPC command, the wireless device may postpone the application of the TPC until the above condition is not valid. e^^df,gis the PUSCH preparation time for the corresponding UE processing capability. o If the wireless device has reached maximum power for active UL BWP D of carrier B of serving cell C at SRStransmission occasion 3then ℎ^,^,^^3^ = ℎ^,^,^^3 − 3.^,o If the wireless device has reached minimum power for active UL BWP D of carrier B of serving cell C at SRStransmission occasion 3 − 3. and ∑C^6J^K-^L. ^GHG,^,^,^^I^ ≤ 0, then ℎ^,^,^^3^ = ℎ^,^,^^3 − 3.^,o If a configuration for a ^j_GHG,^,^,^^()^ value or for a 5GHG,^,^,^^()^ value for a corresponding SRS power control adjustment state ^ for active UL BWP D of carrier B of serving cell C is provided by higher layers (e.g., RRC)Docket No.: 24-1088PCT^ ℎ^,^,^^k, ^^ = 0, k = 0,1, … , 3o elsewhere l=0 if the wireless device is not provided / configured with a higher layer parameter tag2-Id or if the wireless device is not provided / configured with a higher layer parameter twoSRS-PC-AdjustmentStates; otherwise, l=0 if the first TAG indicated / identified by a higher layer parameter tag-Id is indicated by a random access response message and l=1 if the second TAG indicated / identified by a higher layer parameter tag2-Id is indicated by a random access response message, and ^^,^,^is ^ the TPC command value indicated in the random access response grant of / in the random-access response message corresponding to a PRACH transmission according to Type-1 random access procedure, or in a random access response grant of / in the random-access response message corresponding to MsgA transmissions according to Type-2 random access procedure with the random-access response message for fallbackRAR, or ^ the TPC command value indicated in the random-access response message (e.g., successRAR) corresponding to MsgA transmissions for Type-2 random access procedure, andwhere ∆^^^^^^^_^<=^<>?<@,^,^,^is provided by higher layers and corresponds to the total power ramp-up requested by higher layers from the first to the last preamble for active UL BWP D of carrier B of serving cell C.- ℎ^,^,^^3, ^^ = ^GHG,^,^,^^3, ^^ if the wireless device is not configured for PUSCH transmissions on active ULBWP D of carrier B of serving cell C, or if srs-PowerControlAdjustmentStates indicates separate power control adjustment states between SRS transmissions and PUSCH transmissions, and tpc-Accumulation is provided, and the wireless device detects a DCI format 2_3 \GHG,^^_symbols before a first symbol of SRS transmission occasion 3, where absolute values of ^GHG,^,^,^are provided in the table above.

Claims

Docket No.: 24-1088PCT CLAIMS What is claimed is:

1. A method comprising: transmitting, by a wireless device to a base station, a capability information message indicating support of two closed-loop power control adjustment states for sounding reference signal (SRS); receiving one or more radio resource control (RRC) messages comprising one or more SRS configuration parameters for a cell, wherein: the one or more SRS configuration parameters comprise an SRS power control adjustment state parameter indicating that two SRS closed-loop power control adjustment states are configured for the cell; and the two SRS closed-loop power control adjustment states comprise a first SRS closed-loop power control adjustment state and a second closed-loop power control adjustment state; receiving a downlink message associated with a random-access procedure of the cell, wherein the downlink message comprises a field: a first value of the field indicates to reset the first SRS closed-loop power control adjustment state; and a second value of the field indicates to reset the second SRS closed-loop power control adjustment state; and resetting, based a value of the field, an SRS closed-loop power control adjustment state among the two SRS closed-loop power control adjustment states.

2. A method comprising: receiving, by a wireless device, a downlink message, associated with a random-access procedure of a cell, comprising a field, wherein: a first value of the field indicates to reset a first sounding reference signal (SRS) closed-loop power control adjustment state of two SRS closed-loop power control adjustment states; and a second value of the field indicates to reset a second SRS closed-loop power control adjustment state of the two SRS closed-loop power control adjustment states; and resetting, based on a value of the field, an SRS closed-loop power control adjustment state among the two SRS closed-loop power control adjustment states.

3. The method of claim 2, further comprising receiving one or more RRC messages comprising one or more SRS configuration parameters for a cell.

4. The method of claim 3, wherein the one or more one or more SRS configuration parameters comprise an SRS power control adjustment state parameter indicating that the two SRS closed-loop power control adjustment states are configured for the cell.Docket No.: 24-1088PCT 5. The method of any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein the SRS closed-loop power control adjustment state is reset to an initial value of the SRS closed-loop power control adjustment state.

6. The method of any one of claims 2 to 5, further comprising transmitting a capability information message indicating support of two closed-loop power control adjustment states for SRS.

7. The method of any one of claims 2 to 6, wherein the two closed-loop power control adjustment states are separate from a closed-loop power control adjustment state of a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH).

8. The method of any one of claims 2 to 7, wherein the downlink message is a random-access response message.

9. The method of claim 8, wherein: the first value of the field indicates to reset the first closed-loop power control adjustment state after receiving the random-access response message; and the second value of the field indicates to reset the second closed-loop power control adjustment state after receiving the random-access response message.

10. The method of any one of claims 8 to 9, wherein the random-access response message, or a random-access response grant in the random-access response, comprises a transmit power control (TPC) command value.

11. The method of claim 10, further comprising setting the closed-loop power control adjustment state to a value determined based on the TPC command value.

12. The method of claim 11, wherein the value of the closed-loop power control adjustment state is further determined based on a ramp-up value.

13. The method of any one of claims 8 to 12, wherein: the random-access procedure is a Type 1 random-access procedure; and the receiving the random-access response message is in response to transmitting a physical random-access channel (PRACH) transmission for the Type 1 random-access procedure.

14. The method of any one of claims 8 to 13, wherein: the random-access procedure is a Type 2 random-access procedure; and the receiving the random-access response message is in response to transmitting a message A (MsgA) transmission for the Type 2 random-access procedure.

15. The method of any one of claims 8 to 14, wherein the random-access response message is: a fallback random-access response; or a success random-access response.

16. The method of any one of claims 3 to 15, wherein the one or more RRC messages comprise one or more configuration parameters that comprise the one or more SRS configuration parameters.

17. The method of claim 16, wherein the one or more configuration parameters indicate two timing advance groups (TAGs) for the cell.

18. The method of claim 17, wherein:Docket No.: 24-1088PCT the first value of the field indicates a first TAG of the two TAGs; and the second value of the field indicates a second TAG of the two TAGs.

19. The method of any one of claims 2 to 18, further comprising not resetting: the second SRS closed-loop power control adjustment states in response to the SRS closed-loop power control adjustment being the first SRS closed-loop power control adjustment; and the first SRS closed-loop power control adjustment states in response to the SRS closed-loop power control adjustment being the second SRS closed-loop power control adjustment.

20. The method of any one of claims 2 to 19, further comprising: receiving one or more second RRC messages comprising one or more second SRS configuration parameters for a second cell, wherein: the one or more second SRS configuration parameters comprise a second SRS parameter indicating that two SRS closed-loop power control adjustment states are configured for the second cell; and the two SRS closed-loop power control adjustment states of the second cell comprise a third SRS closed- loop power control adjustment state and a fourth closed-loop power control adjustment state; receiving a second downlink message associated with a second random-access procedure of the second cell; and resetting, based the one or more second RRC messages not indicating two TAGs for the second cell, the third SRS closed-loop power control adjustment state.

21. The method of any one of claims 2 to 20, further comprising receiving a downlink control information (DCI) format 2_3, wherein: the DCI format 2_3 comprises a block for the cell; and the block comprises a TPC command.

22. The method of claim 21, wherein the block in the DCI format 2_3 comprises a closed-loop indicator field, wherein: a first value of the closed-loop indicator field indicates the first SRS closed-loop power control adjustment state for the TPC command; and a second value of the closed-loop indicator field indicates the second SRS closed-loop power control adjustment state for the TPC command.

23. The method of claim 22, further comprising receiving one or more RRC messages comprising one or more SRS configuration parameters for a cell, wherein: the one or more one or more SRS configuration parameters comprise an SRS power control adjustment state parameter indicating that the two SRS closed-loop power control adjustment states are configured for the cell; and the DCI format 2_3 comprises the closed-loop indicator field based on the one or more SRS configuration parameters comprising the SRS power control adjustment state parameter that indicates two SRS closed-loop power control adjustment states are configured for the cell.Docket No.: 24-1088PCT 24. The method of any one of claims 21 to 23, wherein the block in the DCI format 2_3 comprises an SRS request field.

25. The method of any one of claims 2 to 24, further comprising receiving a downlink control information (DCI) format, wherein the DCI format comprises a TPC command.

26. The method of claim 25, wherein the DCI format comprises a closed-loop indicator field, wherein: a first value of the closed-loop indicator field indicates the first SRS closed-loop power control adjustment state for the TPC command; and a second value of the closed-loop indicator field indicates the second SRS closed-loop power control adjustment state for the TPC command.

27. The method of any one of claims 25 to 26, further comprising receiving one or more RRC messages comprising one or more SRS configuration parameters for a cell, wherein: the one or more one or more SRS configuration parameters comprise an SRS power control adjustment state parameter indicating that the two SRS closed-loop power control adjustment states are configured for the cell; the DCI format comprises the closed-loop indicator field based on the one or more SRS configuration parameters comprising the SRS power control adjustment state parameter that indicates two SRS closed-loop power control adjustment states are configured for the cell.

28. The method of claim 27, wherein the DCI format comprises the closed-loop indicator field based on: the one or more SRS configuration parameters comprising the SRS power control adjustment state parameter; and the one or more configuration parameters comprising a parameter indicating a presence of the closed-loop indicator field in the DCI format.

29. An apparatus comprising: one or more processors; and memory storing instructions that, when executed by the one or more processors, cause the apparatus to perform the method of any one of claims 1 to 28.

30. A non-transitory computer-readable medium comprising instructions that, when executed by one or more processors of an apparatus, cause the apparatus to perform the method of any one of claims 1 to 28.

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