Multi-band power splitter and radio frequency unit thereof

Abstract

The present application discloses a multi-band power splitter and a radio frequency unit thereof. A branch of the multi-band power splitter comprises a fixed transmission section and at least one group of adjustable transmission sections, and each group of adjustable transmission sections comprises at least two transmission sections with different lengths. That is, the multi-band power splitter in embodiments of the present application is a power splitter having a sectioned combined branch. When the multi-band power splitter is in use, one transmission section in each group of adjustable transmission sections is selected on the basis of an applied frequency band, and the transmission section is connected to a fixed transmission section by means of a conductive element.

Description

Multi-band power divider and radio frequency unit thereof

[0001] Cross-reference to Related Applications

[0002] The present application claims priority to the Chinese patent application No. 202410446857.X, filed on April 12, 2024, and entitled "Multi-band power divider and radio frequency unit thereof", the content of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. TECHNICAL FIELD

[0003] The present application relates to the field of power dividers, and in particular to a multi-band power divider and a radio frequency unit thereof. BACKGROUND

[0004] Most of the power dividers of AAU (Active Antenna Unit) / RRU (Radio Remote Unit) in wireless communication adopt Wilkinson structure. The traditional Wilkinson structure includes an input port and two branches connected to the input port, and the ends of the two branches serve as the output ports of the power divider.

[0005] On this basis, according to the different wavelengths of different frequency bands, the narrowband characteristics of Wilkinson structure can be used to expand the bandwidth by increasing the number of branches. For example, referring to the one-to-many power divider shown in FIG. 1, the first branch is composed of Z11, Z12,..., Z1n, and the second branch is composed of Z21, Z22,..., Z2n. Such a design greatly increases the size of the power divider, making it difficult to layout and wire in actual PCB design. Moreover, the length of the branch of the power divider is fixed, and it can only be applied to a single communication frequency band, and it cannot be compatible with multiple communication frequency bands or the performance indicators of other communication frequency bands are too poor. SUMMARY

[0006] The following is a summary of the subject matter of the detailed description herein. This summary is not intended to limit the scope of the claims.

[0007] The embodiments of the present application provide a multi-band power divider, which includes a branch, one end of the branch is connected to an input port of the multi-band power divider, and the other end is connected to an output port of the multi-band power divider; the branch includes a fixed transmission section and at least one group of adjustable transmission sections, the fixed transmission section and the adjustable transmission sections are arranged in isolation, each group of adjustable transmission sections includes at least two transmission sections with different lengths; in the case that the fixed transmission section and one of the adjustable transmission sections in each group are connected by a conductive element, the input port and the output port of the multi-band power divider are connected.

[0008] The embodiment of the present application provides a radio frequency unit, comprising the multi-band power divider of the above embodiment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0009] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the technical scheme of the present application, and constitute a part of the specification, and are used to explain the technical scheme of the present application together with the examples of the present application, and do not constitute a limitation on the technical scheme of the present application.

[0010] Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a Wilkinson structure in the related art;

[0011] Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a structure for expanding bandwidth by increasing the number of branches based on the Wilkinson structure in the related art;

[0012] Fig. 3 is a structural diagram of a branch of a multi-band power divider composed of a first transmission segment and a second transmission segment according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0013] Fig. 4 is another structural diagram of a branch of a multi-band power divider composed of a first transmission segment and a second transmission segment according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0014] Fig. 5 is a structural diagram of a branch of a multi-band power divider composed of a first transmission segment, a second transmission segment and a third transmission segment according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0015] Fig. 6 is a perspective view of a dielectric plate carrying a multi-band power divider according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0016] Fig. 7 is a top view of a dielectric plate carrying a multi-band power divider according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0017] Fig. 8 is a structural diagram of a branch of a multi-band power divider composed of a second transmission segment, a first transmission segment and a third transmission segment according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0018] Fig. 9a and Fig. 9b are simulation index diagrams of a power divider applied under an S26 frequency band according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0019] Fig. 10a and Fig. 10b are simulation index diagrams of a power divider applied under an S35 frequency band according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0020] Fig. 11a and Fig. 11b are simulation index diagrams of a power divider applied under an S49 frequency band according to an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the present application more clear, the present application is further described in detail below in combination with the drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application, and do not limit the present application.

[0022] The terms "first", "second", "third", "fourth" and the like in the description of this application and in the claims, if any, are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the use of the terms so construed herein is merely for convenience and brevity and that one of ordinary skill in the art will be able to devise examples of the embodiments of the present application in which the described functionality can be achieved with other sequences other than those described or illustrated herein, without adding additional capacities. In other words, the scope of the present application is appreciated to include any appropriate functionally similar embodiments or equivalents. Furthermore, the terms "comprise", "comprising", "include", "including", and the like, as used herein, are specifically intended to encompass the presence of stated elements but not to preclude the presence of additional elements or the absence of one or more of the stated elements. In other words, the terms "comprise", "comprising", "include", "including", and the like, as used herein, are specifically intended to encompass the presence of stated elements but not to preclude the presence of additional elements or the absence of one or more of the stated elements.

[0023] It should be understood that, in the present application, "at least one" means one or more, and "multiple" means two or more. "And / or" is used to describe the relationship between the associated objects, which means that there can be three relationships, for example, "A and / or B" can mean that there are three cases: only A, only B, and A and B at the same time, where A and B can be singular or plural. The character " / " generally represents that the front and rear associated objects are in an "or" relationship. "At least one of the following" or similar expressions means any combination of these items, including any combination of single or multiple items. For example, at least one of a, b or c can mean: a, b, c, "a and b", "a and c", "b and c", or "a and b and c", where a, b, and c can be single or multiple.

[0024] It should be understood that in the description of the embodiments of the present application, the meaning of multiple (or multiple items) is two or more, greater than, less than, more than, etc. are not included in the number, above, below, etc. are included in the number.

[0025] In the related art, a power divider is commonly used on an AAU or RRU to calibrate the amplitude and phase between channels, thereby ensuring radio frequency performance. Each branch unit of the power divider is a traditional Wilkinson structure, as shown in FIG. 1, which is a Wilkinson structure for splitting into two, the equivalent impedance of the input port port1 is Z0, the output ports are port2 and port3 respectively, and the impedances of the two output ports are Z02 and Z03 respectively. Using the odd-even mode analysis method, the following conclusions can be obtained:

[0026] Then we have:

[0027] When k = 1, the power of the two branches is divided (i.e. the lengths of the two branches in FIG. 1 are the same), then R1 = R2 = Z0,

[0028] Therefore, the length of the two-way branch of the equal division power divider of FIG. 1 is one quarter of the wavelength. Different wavelengths of different frequency bands result in different branch lengths of the Wilkinson structure in the power divider. According to the narrowband characteristics, the bandwidth can be expanded by increasing the number of branches of the power divider, as shown in the structure of FIG. 2, the first branch is composed of Z11, Z12,..., Z1n, the second branch is composed of Z21, Z22,..., Z2n, and these are branches that increase the bandwidth. Such a design greatly increases the size of the power divider, making it difficult to layout and wire in actual PCB design, and it is relatively troublesome to implement. Moreover, the branch length of these power dividers is fixed, and can only be applied to a single communication frequency band, and cannot be compatible with multiple communication frequency bands or other communication frequency bands have poor performance indicators (for example, only 2-3 GHz frequency band applications can be realized, and the indicators in the 3-5 GHz frequency band are deteriorated).

[0029] Based on this, the embodiments of the present application provide a multi-band power divider and a radio frequency unit thereof, wherein the branches of the multi-band power divider include fixed transmission segments and at least one group of adjustable transmission segments, each group of adjustable transmission segments includes at least two transmission segments with different lengths, that is, the multi-band power divider of the embodiments of the present application is a segmented combined branch power divider. When used, according to the applied frequency band, select one of the transmission segments in each group of adjustable transmission segments, and connect it with the fixed transmission segment through a conductive element, so as to control the length of the branch, thereby enabling the same power divider to be compatible with different frequency band application scenarios.

[0030] The embodiments of the present application provide a multi-band power divider, which includes branches, one end of the branches is connected to the input port of the multi-band power divider, and the other end is connected to the output port of the multi-band power divider; the branches include fixed transmission segments and at least one group of adjustable transmission segments, the fixed transmission segments and the adjustable transmission segments are arranged in isolation, each group of adjustable transmission segments includes at least two transmission segments with different lengths; in the case where the fixed transmission segment and one of the transmission segments of each group of adjustable transmission segments are connected through a conductive element, the input port and the output port of the multi-band power divider are connected.

[0031] The branch connects the input port and the output port of the traditional power divider, and the length of each section of the strip line or the microstrip line in the branch is determined in the production process, so the traditional power divider is basically only suitable for one frequency band. The fixed transmission section and the at least one group of adjustable transmission sections are arranged between the input port and the output port of the power divider of the embodiment of the application. In the case that the fixed transmission section is connected to one of the adjustable transmission sections through the conductive element, the input port and the output port can be connected. Since the transmission sections in the adjustable transmission section have different lengths, in actual application, according to the frequency band of the signal to be transmitted, a transmission section with a suitable length is selected in the adjustable transmission section to be connected, so that a power divider suitable for the frequency band can be obtained.

[0032] According to the foregoing analysis, the length of the branch of the branch is equal to one quarter of the wavelength, so in order to be compatible with multiple frequency bands, the power divider of the embodiment of the application is provided with multiple transmission sections with different lengths in the adjustable transmission section. By combining the fixed transmission section and one of the adjustable transmission sections, different branch lengths can be achieved, so as to be suitable for transmitting signals with different wavelengths.

[0033] It is worth noting that the above description only describes the structure of one branch from the input port to the output port. In actual application, each branch can be arranged according to the structure of the above branch. For example, two branches in one branch both include a fixed transmission section and an adjustable transmission section. If the lengths of the fixed transmission sections of the two branches are the same, and the same length transmission section in the adjustable transmission section is selected for the two branches, the total lengths of the two branches are the same, and at this time, the branch is a power equal division; if the lengths of the fixed transmission sections of the two branches are the same, but different length transmission sections in the adjustable transmission section are selected for the two branches, the total lengths of the two branches are the same, and at this time, the branch is a power unequal division. For another example, only one of the two branches in one branch includes a fixed transmission section and an adjustable transmission section, and the other branch has a fixed length. According to actual needs, a transmission section with a required length in the adjustable transmission section is selected, so as to realize the power distribution ratio of the two branches.

[0034] In some embodiments, the fixed transmission section includes a first transmission section, the adjustable transmission section includes n second transmission sections, the lengths of at least two second transmission sections are different, n is an integer greater than 1; one end of the first transmission section is connected to the input port or the output port, and the other end is provided with a first connection point; one end of the second transmission section is provided with a second connection point, and the other end is connected to the output port or the input port; the first connection point is used to connect the second connection point through a conductive element.

[0035] In the embodiment, the multi-band power divider includes a first transmission section of fixed length and a set of adjustable transmission sections, a second transmission section in the adjustable transmission sections has multiple lengths. Therefore, in the embodiment, the branch between the input port and the output port is only divided into two sections, that is, the branch of the branch is composed of the combination of the first transmission section and the second transmission section, and therefore there are two structures, one is as shown in FIG. 3, the first transmission section is connected to the input port (denoted as Port1 in FIG. 3), the second transmission section is connected to the output port (denoted as Port2 and Port3 in FIG. 3), and the first transmission section and the second transmission section are connected through a conductive element; the other is as shown in FIG. 4, the second transmission section is connected to the input port (denoted as Port1 in FIG. 4), the first transmission section is connected to the output port (denoted as Port2 and Port3 in FIG. 4), and the first transmission section and the second transmission section are connected through a conductive element.

[0036] For the power divider structure diagram as shown in FIG. 3, the equivalent impedances of the two branches are Z02 and Z03 respectively, the two branches are composed of the first transmission section (denoted as Z1 and Z2 in FIG. 3) and one of the second transmission sections (denoted as L11 to L1n corresponding to the n second transmission sections of Z1 and L21 to L2n corresponding to the n second transmission sections of Z2 in FIG. 3), the impedance values of Z02 and Z03 are determined by the first transmission section and the second transmission section connected to the first transmission section, one end of the first transmission section is connected to the input port, the other end is a reserved first connection point, one end of each second transmission section is connected to the output port, the other end is a reserved second connection point, the first connection point and the second connection point are insulated from each other on the dielectric plate, and in application, the conductive connection of the first transmission section and the second transmission section is realized through an additional conductive element.

[0037] For the power divider structure diagram as shown in FIG. 4, the equivalent impedances of the two branches are Z02 and Z03 respectively, the two branches are composed of the first transmission section (denoted as Z1 and Z2 in FIG. 4) and one of the second transmission sections (denoted as L11 to L1n corresponding to the n second transmission sections of Z1 and L21 to L2n corresponding to the n second transmission sections of Z2 in FIG. 4), the impedance values of Z02 and Z03 are determined by the first transmission section and the second transmission section connected to the first transmission section, one end of each second transmission section is connected to the input port, the other end is a reserved second connection point, one end of the first transmission section is connected to the output port, the other end is a reserved first connection point, the first connection point and the second connection point are insulated from each other on the dielectric plate, and in application, the conductive connection of the first transmission section and the second transmission section is realized through an additional conductive element.

[0038] In some embodiments, the first connection point and the second connection point are pads arranged on the first dielectric plate, and the n second connection points are arranged around the first connection point on the first dielectric plate.

[0039] In the embodiment, the power divider is arranged on the first dielectric plate, the first transmission segment and the second transmission segment are microstrip lines or strip lines, and the first connection point and the second connection point are provided with corresponding pads, and the pads of the two connection points are connected by the conductive element. In order to facilitate the connection of the first connection point and the second connection point, the positions of the first connection point and the second connection point are designed so that the second connection point is arranged around the first connection point, and the first connection point is taken as the center, and the conductive element can be connected to the second connection point next to it.

[0040] In some embodiments, the first dielectric plate is further provided with a second dielectric plate, the second dielectric plate is provided with pads corresponding to the first connection point and the second connection point respectively, and the pads on the first dielectric plate and the pads on the second dielectric plate are connected by a via structure.

[0041] When the circuit board of the power divider is a multi-layer board structure, the second dielectric plate of the embodiment is arranged on the second dielectric plate, and the pads are arranged on the second dielectric plate, the pads on the second dielectric plate correspond to the positions of the pads on the first dielectric plate, and the pads on the second dielectric plate are connected to the first dielectric plate by a via structure. Therefore, when the conductive element is welded, welding on the second dielectric plate will not affect the strip line or microstrip line on the first dielectric plate, and the via also provides a clear positioning position for the conductive element, ensuring accurate and safe welding.

[0042] Referring to FIG. 5, in some embodiments, the fixed transmission segment includes a first transmission segment and a third transmission segment, the adjustable transmission segment includes n second transmission segments, the lengths of at least two second transmission segments are different, n is an integer greater than 1; one end of the first transmission segment is connected to the input port, and the other end is provided with a first connection point; one end of the second transmission segment is provided with a second connection point, and the other end is provided with a fourth connection point; one end of the third transmission segment is provided with a third connection point, and the other end is connected to the output port; the first connection point is used to connect the second connection point by a conductive element, and the fourth connection point is used to connect the third connection point by another conductive element.

[0043] The multi-band power divider includes a first transmission section of fixed length, a third transmission section of fixed length, and a set of adjustable transmission sections, a second transmission section of the adjustable transmission sections having a plurality of lengths. Thus, in this embodiment, the stub between the input port and the output port is divided into only three sections, i.e., the branches of the stub are formed by the first transmission section, the second transmission section, and the third transmission section connected in sequence. For the power divider structure diagram shown in FIG. 5, the equivalent impedances of the two branches are Z02and Z03, respectively, and the two branches are formed by the first transmission section (denoted as Z1and Z2in FIG. 5), one of the second transmission sections (denoted as L11to L1nin FIG. 5 for the n second transmission sections corresponding to Z1, and L21to L2nfor the n second transmission sections corresponding to Z2), and the third transmission section (denoted as Z3and Z4in FIG. 5). The impedances of Z02and Z03are determined by the first transmission section, the third transmission section, and the second transmission section connected with the first transmission section and the third transmission section. Since the first transmission section and the third transmission section are of fixed length, they abut one of the n second transmission sections arranged therebetween. When the first transmission section and the second transmission section are connected by a conductive element, and the second transmission section and the third transmission section are connected by another conductive element, the input port and the output port can be connected. Since the second transmission sections have different lengths, in actual application, appropriate second transmission sections are selected for connection according to the frequency band of the signal to be transmitted, so that a power divider suitable for the frequency band can be obtained.

[0044] One of the first transmission section and the third transmission section abuts the input port, and the other one abuts the output port. For convenience of description, in this embodiment, the first transmission section is taken as an example to abut the input port, and the third transmission section is taken as an example to abut the output port. One end of the first transmission section is connected to the input port, and the other end is a reserved first connecting point. One end of the third transmission section is a reserved third connecting point, and the other end is connected to the output port. In order to abut the first transmission section and the third transmission section, the two ends of the second transmission section are a second connecting point and a fourth connecting point, respectively. The first connecting point and the second connecting point are insulated from each other on the dielectric plate, and the fourth connecting point and the third connecting point are insulated from each other on the dielectric plate. When connecting the transmission sections, the first connecting point and the second connecting point are connected by a conductive element, and the fourth connecting point and the third connecting point are connected by another conductive element.

[0045] In some embodiments, the first connecting point, the second connecting point, the third connecting point, and the fourth connecting point are pads arranged on the first dielectric plate. The n second connecting points are arranged around the first connecting point on the first dielectric plate, and the n fourth connecting points are arranged around the third connecting point on the first dielectric plate.

[0046] Referring to FIGS. 6 and 7, in the embodiment, the power divider is arranged on the first dielectric plate, the first transmission segment, the second transmission segment and the third transmission segment are microstrip lines or strip lines, and corresponding pads are arranged at positions of the first connecting point, the second connecting point, the third connecting point and the fourth connecting point, the pads of the first connecting point and the second connecting point are connected by a conductive element, and the pads of the third connecting point and the fourth connecting point are connected by another conductive element. In order to facilitate the connection of the first connecting point and the second connecting point and the connection of the third connecting point and the fourth connecting point, the positions of the first connecting point and the second connecting point are designed such that the second connecting point is arranged around the first connecting point, and the first connecting point is taken as the center, the second connecting point next to the first connecting point can be connected by the conductive element, and the positions of the third connecting point and the fourth connecting point are designed such that the fourth connecting point is arranged around the third connecting point, and the third connecting point is taken as the center, the fourth connecting point next to the third connecting point can be connected by the conductive element.

[0047] In some embodiments, a second dielectric plate is further arranged on the first dielectric plate, the second dielectric plate is provided with pads corresponding to the first connecting point, the second connecting point, the third connecting point and the fourth connecting point, and the pads on the first dielectric plate and the pads on the second dielectric plate are connected by a via structure.

[0048] Referring to FIG. 6, the circuit board of the power divider is a multi-layer board structure, the first dielectric plate of the embodiment is arranged on a second dielectric plate, and pads are arranged on the second dielectric plate, the pads on the second dielectric plate correspond to the positions of the pads on the first dielectric plate, and the pads on the second dielectric plate are connected to the first dielectric plate by a via structure. Therefore, when the conductive element is welded, welding on the second dielectric plate will not affect the strip line or the microstrip line on the first dielectric plate, and the via also provides a clear positioning position for the conductive element, ensuring accurate and safe welding.

[0049] Referring to FIG. 8, in some embodiments, the fixed transmission segment includes a first transmission segment, the adjustable transmission segment includes n second transmission segments and m third transmission segments, the lengths of at least two of the second transmission segments are different, the lengths of at least two of the third transmission segments are different, m and n are both integers greater than 1, one end of the second transmission segment is connected to the input port, the other end is provided with a first connecting point, one end of the first transmission segment is provided with a second connecting point, the other end is provided with a fourth connecting point, one end of the third transmission segment is provided with a third connecting point, the other end is connected to the output port, the first connecting point is used to connect the second connecting point by a conductive element, and the fourth connecting point is used to connect the third connecting point by another conductive element.

[0050] The multi-band power divider includes a first transmission section of fixed length and two groups of adjustable transmission sections, a second transmission section in one group of adjustable transmission sections has multiple lengths, and a third transmission section in the other group of adjustable transmission sections also has multiple lengths. Therefore, in this embodiment, the branch between the input port and the output port is only divided into three sections, i.e., the branch of the branch is composed of the second transmission section, the first transmission section, and the third transmission section connected in sequence. For the power divider structure diagram shown in FIG. 8, the equivalent impedances of the two branches are Z02 and Z03, respectively, the two branches are composed of the second transmission section (in FIG. 8, the n second transmission sections corresponding to Z1 are represented as L11 to L1n, and the n second transmission sections corresponding to Z2 are represented as L21 to L2n), the first transmission section (represented as Z1 and Z2 in FIG. 8), and the third transmission section (in FIG. 8, the n third transmission sections corresponding to Z1 are represented as L31 to L3n, and the n third transmission sections corresponding to Z2 are represented as L41 to L4n), and the sizes of the impedances of Z02 and Z03 are determined by the second transmission section, the third transmission section, and the first transmission section connected with the first transmission section and the third transmission section. Since the first transmission section is of fixed length, one end thereof is connected with one of the n second transmission sections and the other end thereof is connected with one of the m third transmission sections, and when the second transmission section and the first transmission section are connected through a conductive element and the first transmission section and the third transmission section are connected through another conductive element, the input port and the output port can be connected. Since the second transmission section and the third transmission section have different length selections, in actual application, appropriate second transmission sections and third transmission sections are selected for connection according to the frequency band of the signal to be transmitted, and thus a power divider suitable for the frequency band can be obtained.

[0051] One of the second transmission section and the third transmission section is connected with the input port, and the other is connected with the output port. In this embodiment, the second transmission section is connected with the input port and the third transmission section is connected with the output port for convenience of description. One end of the second transmission section is connected with the input port, and the other end thereof is a reserved first connection point. One end of the third transmission section is a reserved third connection point, and the other end thereof is connected with the output port. In order to connect the second transmission section and the third transmission section, the two ends of the first transmission section are a second connection point and a fourth connection point, respectively, the first connection point and the second connection point are insulated from each other on the dielectric plate, and the fourth connection point and the third connection are insulated from each other on the dielectric plate. When the transmission sections are connected, the first connection point and the second connection point are connected through a conductive element, and the fourth connection point and the third connection point are connected through another conductive element.

[0052] In some embodiments, the first connection point, the second connection point, the third connection point, and the fourth connection point are pads arranged on the first dielectric plate, the n first connection points are arranged around the second connection point on the first dielectric plate, and the n third connection points are arranged around the fourth connection point on the first dielectric plate.

[0053] Similarly, in the embodiment, the power divider is arranged on the first dielectric plate, the first transmission segment, the second transmission segment and the third transmission segment are microstrip lines or strip lines, and the first connecting point, the second connecting point, the third connecting point and the fourth connecting point are provided with corresponding pads. The pads of the first connecting point and the second connecting point are connected by the conductive element, and the pads of the third connecting point and the fourth connecting point are connected by the conductive element. In order to facilitate the connection of the first connecting point and the second connecting point and the connection of the third connecting point and the fourth connecting point, the positions of the first connecting point and the third connecting point are designed such that the first connecting point is arranged around the second connecting point, and the second connecting point is taken as the center, and the conductive element can be connected to the first connecting point next to it. The positions of the third connecting point and the fourth connecting point are designed such that the third connecting point is arranged around the fourth connecting point, and the fourth connecting point is taken as the center, and the conductive element can be connected to the third connecting point next to it.

[0054] In some embodiments, the first dielectric plate is further provided with a second dielectric plate, the second dielectric plate is provided with pads corresponding to the first connecting point, the second connecting point, the third connecting point and the fourth connecting point respectively, and the pads on the first dielectric plate and the pads on the second dielectric plate are connected by a via structure.

[0055] That is, the circuit board of the power divider is a multi-layer board structure, the first dielectric plate of the embodiment is located on the second dielectric plate, and the second dielectric plate is provided with pads corresponding to the positions of the pads on the first dielectric plate, and the pads on the second dielectric plate are connected to the first dielectric plate by a via structure. Therefore, when welding the conductive element, welding on the second dielectric plate will not affect the strip line or microstrip line on the first dielectric plate, and the via also provides a clear positioning position for the conductive element, ensuring accurate and safe welding.

[0056] In the above embodiments, the conductive element usually adopts a low-resistance conductor, such as a 0-ohm resistor, a surface-mounted capacitor or a conductive metal sheet. In the case where each connecting point is a pad, the conductive element can be conveniently welded to the connecting point by surface mounting.

[0057] In the above embodiments, the multi-band power divider includes two branches and two output ports, one end of each of the two branches is connected to the input port, and the other end of each of the two branches is connected to the two output ports. In some embodiments, an isolation resistor R is arranged between the two output ports, which can improve the isolation between the two output ports. In an ideal case or in a case where the isolation requirement is not high, the isolation resistor R can be omitted.

[0058] In summary, the conductive element is used to connect the fixed transmission section and the adjustable transmission section in the form of cross-connection, and the adjustable transmission section includes a plurality of transmission sections with optional lengths, thereby realizing the control of the length of the power division branch and the adjustment of the application frequency band of the power divider, so that the size of a single branch does not need to be increased, and the problem of large size of the power divider compatible with multiple frequency bands is overcome.

[0059] The embodiment of the application further provides a radio frequency unit comprising the multi-frequency band power divider of any of the above embodiments.

[0060] The multi-frequency band power divider of the application is described in detail below through an example.

[0061] The conductive element of the example uses a cross-connection 0-ohm resistor / capacitor / metal sheet as a cross-connection structure, changes the length of the power division branch, and realizes the multi-frequency band application of the power divider. The power divider can realize any power distribution ratio, and FIGS. 5 to 7 are power division power dividers, wherein FIG. 5 is a top view of the power divider of the example, FIG. 6 is a perspective view of the power divider of the example, and FIG. 7 is a top view of the power divider of the example. Z0 is the designed input impedance, Z1 and Z3 are power division branch impedances, and L11, L12,..., L1n are different length branches. Through the conductive element cross-connection structure, Z1 and Z3 can be connected to one of L11, L12,..., L1n, and the length of the power division branch is changed. Similarly, Z2 and Z4 are power division branch impedances, and L21, L22,..., L2n are different length branches. Through the conductive element cross-connection structure, Z1 and Z3 can be connected to one of L21, L22,..., L2n, and the length of the power division branch is changed. Two branches are respectively connected to two output ports, thereby realizing the multi-frequency band application. Z0, Z1, Z2, Z3 and Z4 can be microstrip lines or striplines.

[0062] The example gives an application example, sets three different length branches, which are L11, L12 and L13, and corresponding L21, L22 and L23, L11 and L21 have the same length, L12 and L22 have the same length, and L13 and L23 have the same length. The power divider is compatible with S26, S35 and S49 frequency bands of the base station, and the S26, S35 and S49 frequency bands are 2-3 GHz, 3-4 GHz and 4-5 GHz. The branch lines Z0 and Z1 of each branch are located in the inner layer dielectric plate and belong to striplines. The cross-connection structure uses a surface-mounted resistor and is located in the top layer dielectric plate. Different frequency bands adopt a common pad design, and the connection between the pads and the branch line Z1, Z2, Z3 and Z4 of the power division branch is realized through a via hole. The input and output impedance Z0 is designed as 30 Ω, and the isolation resistance R is 60 Ω.

[0063] For crossover between different frequency bands, when using the S26 frequency band, 0Ω resistors are placed at the four positions of S26-1 to S26-4 to connect the input and output ports. When using the S35 frequency band, 0Ω resistors are placed at the four positions of S35-1 to S35-4 to connect the input and output ports. When using the S49 frequency band, 0Ω resistors are placed at the four positions of S49-1 to S49-4 to connect the input and output ports. This power divider has an area of ​​approximately 5.11*12.3=62.9 (mm2), which is smaller than power dividers in related technologies and has a wider range of applicable frequency bands.

[0064] The power divider in this example first uses simulation software to create a base material based on the actual board stack, and then establishes a Wilkinson structure stripline model and a chip resistor model. The model is optimized for the application frequency band, focusing on indicators such as insertion loss, return loss at each port, and isolation. The optimization results are shown in Figures 9, 10, and 11, where the input port is represented by S11. The two output ports are represented by S22 and S33, and S23 represents the isolation between S22 and S33.

[0065] Figures 9a and 9b show the indicators of the power divider applied in the S26 frequency band. The insertion loss is <3.3dB; the return loss of each port S11 is <-19dB, S22&S33 are <-25dB, and the isolation S23 is <-19dB.

[0066] Figures 10a and 10b show the indicators of the power divider applied in the S35 frequency band. The insertion loss is <3.4dB; the return loss of each port S11 is <-21dB, S22&S33 are <-24.7dB, and the isolation S23 is <-21dB.

[0067] Figures 11a and 11b show the indicators of the power divider applied in the S49 frequency band. The insertion loss is <3.4dB; the return loss of each port S11 is <-20dB, S22&S33 are <-22.4dB, and the isolation S23 is <-23dB.

[0068] The above is an explanation of the preferred implementation of the present application, but the present application is not limited to the above implementation mode. Technical personnel familiar with the field can also make various equivalent modifications or substitutions without violating the spirit of the present application. These equivalent modifications or substitutions are all included in the scope defined by the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A multi-band power splitter, comprising a branch, one end of which is connected to an input port of the multi-band power splitter, and the other end of which is connected to an output port of the multi-band power splitter; The branch includes a fixed transmission segment and at least one group of adjustable transmission segments, the fixed transmission segment and the adjustable transmission segment are separated and insulated, and each group of adjustable transmission segments includes at least two transmission segments of different lengths; When the fixed transmission segment is connected to one of the transmission segments of each group of the adjustable transmission segments through a conductive element, the input port and the output port of the multi-band power divider are connected.

2. The multi-band power splitter according to claim 1, wherein: The fixed transmission segment includes a first transmission segment, and the adjustable transmission segment includes n second transmission segments, at least two of the second transmission segments have different lengths, and n is an integer greater than 1; one end of the first transmission segment is connected to the input port or the output port, and the other end is provided with a first connection point; one end of the second transmission segment is provided with a second connection point, and the other end is connected to the output port or the input port, and the first connection point is used to connect to the second connection point through a conductive element.

3. The multi-band power splitter according to claim 2, wherein: The first connection point and the second connection point are pads provided on the first dielectric board, and n second connection points are arranged around the first connection point on the first dielectric board.

4. The multi-band power splitter according to claim 3, wherein: A second dielectric plate is further provided on the first dielectric plate. The second dielectric plate is provided with pads corresponding to the first connection point and the second connection point respectively. The pads on the first dielectric plate and the pads on the second dielectric plate are connected through a via structure.

5. The multi-band power splitter according to claim 1, wherein: The fixed transmission segment includes a first transmission segment and a third transmission segment, and the adjustable transmission segment includes n second transmission segments, at least two of the second transmission segments have different lengths, and n is an integer greater than 1; one end of the first transmission segment is connected to the input port, and the other end is provided with a first connection point, one end of the second transmission segment is provided with a second connection point, and the other end is provided with a fourth connection point, one end of the third transmission segment is provided with a third connection point, and the other end is connected to the output port, the first connection point is used to connect to the second connection point via a conductive element, and the fourth connection point is used to connect to the third connection point via another conductive element.

6. The multi-band power splitter according to claim 5, wherein: The first connection point, the second connection point, the third connection point and the fourth connection point are pads set on the first dielectric board, n second connection points are arranged around the first connection point on the first dielectric board, and n fourth connection points are arranged around the third connection point on the first dielectric board.

7. The multi-band power splitter according to claim 1, wherein: The fixed transmission segment includes a first transmission segment, and the adjustable transmission segment includes n second transmission segments and m third transmission segments, at least two of the second transmission segments have different lengths, and at least two of the third transmission segments have different lengths, and m and n are both integers greater than 1; one end of the second transmission segment is connected to the input port, and the other end is provided with a first connection point, one end of the first transmission segment is provided with a second connection point, and the other end is provided with a fourth connection point, one end of the third transmission segment is provided with a third connection point, and the other end is connected to the output port, the first connection point is used to connect to the second connection point via a conductive element, and the fourth connection point is used to connect to the third connection point via another conductive element.

8. The multi-band power splitter according to claim 7, wherein: The first connection point, the second connection point, the third connection point and the fourth connection point are pads set on the first dielectric board, n first connection points are arranged around the second connection point on the first dielectric board, and n third connection points are arranged around the fourth connection point on the first dielectric board.

9. The multi-band power splitter according to any one of claims 5 to 8, wherein: A second dielectric plate is also provided on the first dielectric plate, and the second dielectric plate is provided with pads corresponding to the first connection point, the second connection point, the third connection point and the fourth connection point respectively, and the pads on the first dielectric plate and the pads on the second dielectric plate are connected through a via structure.

10. The multi-band power splitter according to claim 1, wherein: The conductive element is a 0 ohm resistor, a chip capacitor or a conductive metal sheet.

11. The multi-band power splitter according to claim 1, wherein: The multi-band power divider includes two branches and two output ports, one end of the two branches is connected to the input port, and the other ends of the two branches are connected to the two output ports respectively.

12. The multi-band power splitter according to claim 11, wherein: An isolation resistor is provided between the two output ports.

13. A radio frequency unit comprising the multi-band power splitter according to any one of claims 1 to 12.

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