Method executed by first node in wireless communication system, method executed by second node, first node and second node

Abstract

The disclosure relates to a 5G or 6G communication system for supporting a higher data transmission rate. According to an embodiment, a method executed by a first node in a wireless communication system includes encoding a bit sequence; and generating and transmitting a signal based on an encoding result; wherein bits having a value of 0 in the bit sequence are encoded as a first sequence, bits having a value of 1 are encoded as a second sequence, and the number of elements in each of the first sequence and the second sequence is N, where N ≥ 3; and wherein the number of elements having a value of 1 in the first sequence and / or the second sequence is greater than the number of elements having a value of 0, and the sum of the number of elements having a value of 1 in both the first sequence and the second sequence is greater than N.

Description

METHOD EXECUTED BY FIRST NODE IN WIRELESS COMMUNICATION SYSTEM, METHOD EXECUTED BY SECOND NODE, FIRST NODE AND SECOND NODE

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the technical field of wireless communication, and in particular to a method executed by a first node in a wireless communication system, a method executed by a second node, a first node and a second node.

[0002] Considering the development of wireless communication from generation to generation, the technologies have been developed mainly for services targeting humans, such as voice calls, multimedia services, and data services. Following the commercialization of 5th-generation (5G) communication systems, it is expected that the number of connected devices will exponentially grow. Increasingly, these will be connected to communication networks. Examples of connected things may include vehicles, robots, drones, home appliances, displays, smart sensors connected to various infrastructures, construction machines, and factory equipment. Mobile devices are expected to evolve in various form-factors, such as augmented reality glasses, virtual reality headsets, and hologram devices. In order to provide various services by connecting hundreds of billions of devices and things in the 6th-generation (6G) era, there have been ongoing efforts to develop improved 6G communication systems. For these reasons, 6G communication systems are referred to as beyond-5G systems.

[0003] 6G communication systems, which are expected to be commercialized around 2030, will have a peak data rate of tera (1,000 giga)-level bps and a radio latency less than 100μsec, and thus will be 50 times as fast as 5G communication systems and have the 1 / 10 radio latency thereof.

[0004] In order to accomplish such a high data rate and an ultra-low latency, it has been considered to implement 6G communication systems in a terahertz band (for example, 95GHz to 3THz bands). It is expected that, due to severer path loss and atmospheric absorption in the terahertz bands than those in mmWave bands introduced in 5G, technologies capable of securing the signal transmission distance (for example, coverage) will become more crucial. It is necessary to develop, as major technologies for securing the coverage, radio frequency (RF) elements, antennas, novel waveforms having a better coverage than orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM), beamforming and massive multiple input multiple output (MIMO), full dimensional MIMO (FD-MIMO), array antennas, and multiantenna transmission technologies such as large-scale antennas. In addition, there has been ongoing discussion on new technologies for improving the coverage of terahertz-band signals, such as metamaterial-based lenses and antennas, orbital angular momentum (OAM), and reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS).

[0005] Moreover, in order to improve the spectral efficiency and the overall network performances, the following technologies have been developed for 6G communication systems: a full-duplex technology for enabling an uplink transmission and a downlink transmission to simultaneously use the same frequency resource at the same time; a network technology for utilizing satellites, high-altitude platform stations (HAPS), and the like in an integrated manner; an improved network structure for supporting mobile base stations and the like and enabling network operation optimization and automation and the like; a dynamic spectrum sharing technology via collision avoidance based on a prediction of spectrum usage; an use of artificial intelligence (AI) in wireless communication for improvement of overall network operation by utilizing AI from a designing phase for developing 6G and internalizing end-to-end AI support functions; and a next-generation distributed computing technology for overcoming the limit of user equipment (UE) computing ability through reachable super-high-performance communication and computing resources (such as mobile edge computing (MEC), clouds, and the like) over the network. In addition, through designing new protocols to be used in 6G communication systems, developing mechanisms for implementing a hardware-based security environment and safe use of data, and developing technologies for maintaining privacy, attempts to strengthen the connectivity between devices, optimize the network, promote softwarization of network entities, and increase the openness of wireless communications are continuing.

[0006] It is expected that research and development of 6G communication systems in hyper-connectivity, including person to machine (P2M) as well as machine to machine (M2M), will allow the next hyper-connected experience. Particularly, it is expected that services such as truly immersive extended reality (XR), high-fidelity mobile hologram, and digital replica could be provided through 6G communication systems. In addition, services such as remote surgery for security and reliability enhancement, industrial automation, and emergency response will be provided through the 6G communication system such that the technologies could be applied in various fields such as industry, medical care, automobiles, and home appliances.

[0007] In line with development of the communication systems, there is a need for method to solve or improve one or more of the problems in the existing encoding schemes. The technical subjects pursued in the disclosure may not be limited to the above mentioned technical subjects, and other technical subjects which are not mentioned may be clearly understood, through the following descriptions, by those skilled in the art to which the disclosure pertains.

[0008] The embodiments of the present disclosure provide a method executed by a first node in a wireless communication system, a method executed by a second node, a first node and a second node. The embodiments of the present disclosure provide the following technical schemes.

[0009] The present disclosure relates to a 5G communication system or a 6G communication system for supporting higher data rates than 4G communication systems such as Long Term Evolution (LTE). Specifically, embodiments of the present disclosure provide a method executed by a first node in a communication system, a first node and a storage medium. The method includes: encoding a bit sequence; and, generating and transmitting a signal based on an encoding result, wherein bits having a value of 0 in the bit sequence are encoded as a first sequence, bits having a value of 1 are encoded as a second sequence, and the number of elements in each of the first sequence and the second sequence is N, where N 3; and, the number of elements having a value of 1 in the first sequence and / or the second sequence is greater than the number of elements having a value of 0, and the sum of the number of elements having a value of 1 in both the first sequence and the second sequence is greater than N. Based on the schemes provided in the present disclosure, the communication requirements can be better satisfied.

[0010] In one aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a method executed by a first node in a communication system, including:

[0011] encoding a bit sequence; and

[0012] generating and transmitting a signal based on an encoding result;

[0013] wherein bits having a value of 0 in the bit sequence are encoded as a first sequence, bits having a value of 1 are encoded as a second sequence, and the number of elements in each of the first sequence and the second sequence is N, where N 3; and

[0014] wherein the number of elements having a value of 1 in the first sequence and / or the second sequence is greater than the number of elements having a value of 0, and the sum of the number of elements having a value of 1 in both the first sequence and the second sequence is greater than N.

[0015] In another aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a method executed by a second node in a wireless communication system, including:

[0016] receiving a signal, the first signal being generated based on an encoding result of a bit sequence;

[0017] wherein bits having a value of 0 in the bit sequence are encoded as a first sequence, bits having a value of 1 are encoded as a second sequence, and the number of elements in each of the first sequence and the second sequence is N, where N 3; and, wherein the number of elements having a value of 1 in the first sequence and / or the second sequence is greater than the number of elements having a value of 0, and the sum of the number of elements having a value of 1 in both the first sequence and the second sequence is greater than N.

[0018] In still another aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a first node in a wireless communication system, wherein the first node includes a processor and a transceiver coupled to the processor, and the processor is configured to execute the method executed by a first node provided in any one of the optional embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0019] In yet another aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a second node in a wireless communication system, wherein the second node includes a processor and a transceiver coupled to the processor, and the processor is configured to execute the method executed by a second node provided in any one of the optional embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0020] In another aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a method executed by a third node in a wireless communication system, including:

[0021] transmitting information for triggering downlink channel measurement;

[0022] transmitting a chirp signal for downlink channel measurement;

[0023] receiving channel measurement results, where the channel measurement results comprises information related to a maximum amplitude, and the maximum amplitude is a maximum value among signal amplitudes of sampling points of the chirp signal.

[0024] Optionally, the channel measurement results include at least one of the following:

[0025] the maximum amplitude; a quantization result of the maximum amplitude; and an index of a sampling point corresponding to the maximum amplitude.

[0026] Optionally, the quantization result of the maximum amplitude is obtained based on a first threshold, where the first threshold includes at least one of the following:

[0027] a threshold closest to the maximum amplitude among a plurality of preset thresholds;

[0028] a maximum threshold among a plurality of preset thresholds that are less than or equal to the maximum amplitude.

[0029] Optionally, the transmitting information for triggering downlink channel measurement includes at least one of the following:

[0030] transmitting a first downlink signaling, where the first downlink signaling includes information for indicating downlink channel measurement;

[0031] transmitting a predetermined downlink signaling.

[0032] Optionally, the method further includes:

[0033] transmitting a second downlink signaling, where at least one of a encoding mode and a transmitting frequency of the second downlink signaling is based on the channel measurement results.

[0034] In another aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a method executed by a fourth node in a wireless communication system, including:

[0035] receiving information for triggering downlink channel measurement;

[0036] receiving a chirp signal for downlink channel measurement;

[0037] transmitting channel measurement results, where the channel measurement results comprises information related to a maximum amplitude, and the maximum amplitude is a maximum value among signal amplitudes of sampling points of the chirp signal.

[0038] Optionally, the channel measurement results include at least one of the following:

[0039] the maximum amplitude; a quantization result of the maximum amplitude; and an index of a sampling point corresponding to the maximum amplitude.

[0040] Optionally, the quantization result of the maximum amplitude is obtained based on a first threshold, where the first threshold includes at least one of the following:

[0041] a threshold closest to the maximum amplitude among a plurality of preset thresholds;

[0042] a maximum threshold among a plurality of preset thresholds that are less than or equal to the maximum amplitude.

[0043] Optionally, the receiving information for triggering downlink channel measurement includes at least one of the following:

[0044] receiving a first downlink signaling, where the first downlink signaling includes information for indicating downlink channel measurement;

[0045] receiving a predetermined downlink signaling.

[0046] Optionally, the method further includes:

[0047] receiving a second downlink signaling, where at least one of an encoding mode and a transmitting frequency of the second downlink signaling is based on the channel measurement results.

[0048] In yet another aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a third node in a wireless communication system, wherein the third node includes a processor and a transceiver coupled to the processor, and the processor is configured to execute the method executed by a third node provided in any one of the optional embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0049] In yet another aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a fourth node in a wireless communication system, wherein the fourth node includes a processor and a transceiver coupled to the processor, and the processor is configured to execute the method executed by a fourth node provided in any one of the optional embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0050] In yet another aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a computer-readable storage medium, wherein the storage medium has computer programs stored thereon, and when the computer programs are run in a processor, the processor executes the steps of the method provided in any one of the embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0051] In yet another aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a computer program product, including computer programs that, when executed by a processor, implement the steps of the method provided in any one of the embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0052] The beneficial effects achieved by the technical schemes provided in the embodiments of the present disclosure will be described below by specific embodiments.

[0053] The present disclosure provides an effective and efficient method for improving one or more of the problems in the existing encoding schemes. Advantageous effects obtainable from the disclosure may not be limited to the above mentioned effects, and other effects which are not mentioned may be clearly understood, through the following descriptions, by those skilled in the art to which the disclosure pertains.

[0054] FIG. 1 illustrates a schematic structure diagram of a wireless network system to which an embodiment of the present disclosure is applicable;

[0055] FIG. 2 illustrates a schematic structure diagram of an exemplary base station according to the present disclosure;

[0056] FIG. 3 illustrates a schematic structure diagram of an exemplary user equipment according to the present disclosure;

[0057] FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an encoding mode;

[0058] FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of another encoding mode;

[0059] FIG. 6 illustrates a schematic flowchart of a method executed by a first node according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0060] FIG. 7 illustrates a schematic diagram of an encoding scheme according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0061] FIG. 8 illustrates a schematic diagram of several encoding schemes according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0062] FIG. 9 illustrates a schematic diagram of several encoding schemes according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0063] FIG. 10 illustrates a schematic diagram of several encoding schemes according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; and

[0064] FIG. 11 is a schematic structure diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0065] Before undertaking the DETAILED DESCRIPTION below, it may be advantageous to set forth definitions of certain words and phrases used throughout this patent document. The term "couple" and its derivatives refer to any direct or indirect communication between two or more elements, whether those elements are in physical contact with one another. The terms "transmit," "receive," and "communicate," as well as derivatives thereof, encompass both direct and indirect communication. The terms "include" and "comprise," as well as derivatives thereof, mean inclusion without limitation. The term "or" is inclusive, meaning and / or. The phrase "associated with," as well as derivatives thereof, means to include, be included within, interconnect with, contain, be contained within, connect to or with, couple to or with, be communicable with, cooperate with, interleave, juxtapose, be proximate to, be bound to or with, have, have a property of, have a relationship to or with, or the like. The term "controller" means any device, system or part thereof that controls at least one operation. Such a controller may be implemented in hardware or a combination of hardware and software and / or firmware. The functionality associated with any particular controller may be centralized or distributed, whether locally or remotely. The phrase "at least one of," when used with a list of items, means that different combinations of one or more of the listed items may be used, and only one item in the list may be needed. For example, "at least one of: A, B, and C" includes any of the following combinations: A, B, C, A and B, A and C, B and C, and A and B and C. Likewise, the term "set" means one or more. Accordingly, a set of items can be a single item or a collection of two or more items.

[0066] Moreover, various functions described below can be implemented or supported by one or more computer programs, each of which is formed from computer readable program code and embodied in a computer readable medium. The terms "application" and "program" refer to one or more computer programs, software components, sets of instructions, procedures, functions, objects, classes, instances, related data, or a portion thereof adapted for implementation in a suitable computer readable program code. The phrase "computer readable program code" includes any type of computer code, including source code, object code, and executable code. The phrase "computer readable medium" includes any type of medium capable of being accessed by a computer, such as read only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), a hard disk drive, a compact disc (CD), a digital video disc (DVD), or any other type of memory. A "non-transitory" computer readable medium excludes wired, wireless, optical, or other communication links that transport transitory electrical or other signals. A non-transitory computer readable medium includes media where data can be permanently stored and media where data can be stored and later overwritten, such as a rewritable optical disc or an erasable memory device.

[0067] Definitions for other certain words and phrases are provided throughout this patent document. Those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that in many if not most instances, such definitions apply to prior as well as future uses of such defined words and phrases.

[0068] The figures included herein, and the various embodiments used to describe the principles of the present disclosure are by way of illustration only and should not be construed in any way to limit the scope of the disclosure. Further, those skilled in the art will understand that the principles of the present disclosure may be implemented in any suitably arranged wireless communication system.

[0069] FIGS. 1-3 below describe various embodiments of the present disclosure implemented in wireless communication systems. The descriptions of FIGS. 1-3 are not meant to imply physical or architectural limitations to the manner in which different embodiments may be implemented. Different embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented in any suitably-arranged communication system.

[0070] FIG. 1 illustrates an example wireless network according to embodiments of the present disclosure. The embodiment of the wireless network shown in FIG. 1 is for illustration only. Other embodiments of the wireless network 100 could be used without departing from the scope of the present disclosure.

[0071] As shown in FIG. 1, the wireless network includes a base station (next generation nodeB, gNB or gNodeB) 101, a gNB 102, and a gNB 103. The gNB 101 communicates with the gNB 102 and the gNB 103. The gNB 101 also communicates with at least one network 130, such as the Internet, a proprietary Internet Protocol (IP) network, or other data network.

[0072] The gNB 102 provides wireless broadband access to the network 130 for a plurality of first user equipments (UEs) within a coverage area 120 of the gNB 102. The plurality of first UEs includes a UE 111, which may be located in a small business; a UE 112, which may be located in an enterprise (E); a UE 113, which may be located in a WiFi hotspot (HS); a UE 114, which may be located in a first residence (R1); a UE 115, which may be located in a second residence (R2); and a UE 116, which may be a mobile device (M), such as a cell phone, a wireless laptop, a wireless personal digital assistant (PDA), or the like. The gNB 103 provides wireless broadband access to the network 130 for a plurality of second UEs within a coverage area 125 of the gNB 103. The plurality of second UEs include the UE 115 and the UE 116, as well as subscriber stations (SS, for example, UEs) 117, 118 and 119. In some embodiments, one or more of the gNBs 101-103 may communicate with each other and with the UEs 111-116 using existing wireless communication techniques, and one or more of the UE 111-119 may communicate directly with each other (e.g., UEs 117-119) using other existing or proposed wireless communication techniques.

[0073] Depending on the network type, the term "base station" or "BS" can refer to any component (or collection of components) configured to provide wireless access to a network, such as transmit point (TP), transmit-receive point (TRP), an enhanced (or "evolved") base station (eNodeB or eNB), a 5G base station (gNB), a macrocell, a femtocell, a wireless fidelity (WiFi) access point (AP), or other wirelessly enabled devices. Base stations may provide wireless access in accordance with one or more wireless communication protocols, e.g., 3GPP 5G New Radio (NR), Long Term Evolution (LTE), LTE Advanced (LTE-A), high speed packet access (HSPA), Wi-Fi 802.11a / b / g / n / ac, etc. For the sake of convenience, the various names for a base station-type apparatus and functionality are used interchangeably in this patent document to refer to network infrastructure components that provide wireless access to remote terminals. Also, depending on the network type, the term "user equipment" (UE) can refer to any component such as a mobile station (MS), subscriber station (SS), remote terminal, wireless terminal, receive point, or user device. For the sake of convenience, the various names for a user equipment-type device and functionality are used interchangeably in this patent document to refer to remote wireless equipment that wirelessly accesses a BS, whether the UE is a mobile device (such as a mobile telephone or smartphone) or is normally considered a stationary device (such as a desktop computer or vending machine).

[0074] Dotted lines show the approximate extents of the coverage areas 120 and 125, which are shown as approximately circular for the purposes of illustration and explanation only. It should be clearly understood that the coverage areas associated with gNBs, such as the coverage areas 120 and 125, may have other shapes, including irregular shapes, depending upon the configuration of the gNBs and variations in the radio environment associated with natural and man-made obstructions.

[0075] As described in more detail below, one or more of the UEs 111-119 include circuitry, programing, or a combination thereof. In certain embodiments, and one or more of the gNBs 101-103 includes circuitry, programing, or a combination thereof.

[0076] Although FIG. 1 illustrates one example of a wireless network, various changes may be made to FIG. 1. For example, the wireless network could include any number of gNBs and any number of UEs in any suitable arrangement. Also, the gNB 101 could communicate directly with any number of UEs and provide those UEs with wireless broadband access to the network 130. Similarly, each gNB 102-103 could communicate directly with the network 130 and provide UEs with direct wireless broadband access to the network 130. Further, the gNBs 101, 102, and / or 103 could provide access to other or additional external networks, such as external telephone networks or other types of data networks.

[0077] FIG. 2 illustrates an example base station according to embodiments of the present disclosure. The embodiment of the gNB 102 illustrated in FIG. 2 is for illustration only, and the gNBs 101 and 103 of FIG. 1 could have the same or similar configuration. However, gNBs come in a wide variety of configurations, and FIG. 2 does not limit the scope of the present disclosure to any particular implementation of a gNB.

[0078] As shown in FIG 2, the gNB 102 includes multiple antennas 200a-200n, multiple radio frequency (RF) transceivers 201a-201n, transmit (TX) processing circuitry 203, and receive (RX) processing circuitry 204. The gNB 102 also includes a controller / processor 205, a memory 206, and a backhaul or network interface (IF) 207.

[0079] The RF transceivers 201a-201n receive, from the antennas 200a-200n, incoming RF signals, such as signals transmitted by UEs in the network 100. The RF transceivers 201a-201n down-convert the incoming RF signals to generate intermediate frequency (IF) or baseband signals. The IF or baseband signals are sent to the RX processing circuitry 204, which generates processed baseband signals by filtering, decoding, and / or digitizing the baseband or IF signals. The RX processing circuitry 204 transmits the processed baseband signals to the controller / processor 205 for further processing.

[0080] The TX processing circuitry 203 receives analog or digital data (such as voice data, web data, electronic mail, or interactive video game data) from the controller / processor 205. The TX processing circuitry 203 encodes, multiplexes, and / or digitizes the outgoing baseband data to generate processed baseband or IF signals. The RF transceivers 201a-201n receive the outgoing processed baseband or IF signals from the TX processing circuitry 203 and up-converts the baseband or IF signals to RF signals that are transmitted via the antennas 201a-201n.

[0081] The controller / processor 205 can include one or more processors or other processing devices that control the overall operation of the gNB 102. For example, the controller / processor 205 could control the reception of forward channel signals and the transmission of reverse channel signals by the RF transceivers 201a-201n, the RX processing circuitry 204, and the TX processing circuitry 203 in accordance with well-known principles. The controller / processor 205 could support additional functions as well, such as more advanced wireless communication functions.

[0082] For instance, the controller / processor 205 could support beam forming or directional routing operations in which outgoing signals from multiple antennas 200a-200n are weighted differently to effectively steer the outgoing signals in a desired direction. Any of a wide variety of other functions could be supported in the gNB 102 by the controller / processor 205.

[0083] The controller / processor 205 is also capable of executing programs and other processes resident in the memory 206, such as an operating system (OS). The controller / processor 205 can move data into or out of the memory 206 as required by an executing process.

[0084] The controller / processor 205 is also coupled to the backhaul or network interface 207. The backhaul or network interface 207 allows the gNB 102 to communicate with other devices or systems over a backhaul connection or over a network. The interface 207 could support communications over any suitable wired or wireless connection(s). For example, when the gNB 102 is implemented as part of a cellular communication system (such as one supporting 5G, LTE, or LTE-A), the interface 207 could allow the gNB 102 to communicate with other gNBs over a wired or wireless backhaul connection. When the gNB 102 is implemented as an access point, the interface 207 could allow the gNB 102 to communicate over a wired or wireless local area network or over a wired or wireless connection to a larger network (such as the Internet). The interface 207 includes any suitable structure supporting communications over a wired or wireless connection, such as an Ethernet or RF transceiver.

[0085] The memory 206 is coupled to the controller / processor 205. Part of the memory 206 could include a random access memory (RAM), and another part of the memory 206 could include a Flash memory or other read only memory (ROM).

[0086] Although FIG. 2 illustrates one example of gNB 102, various changes may be made to FIG. 2. For example, the gNB 102 could include any number of each component shown in FIG. 2. As a particular example, an access point could include a number of interfaces 207, and the controller / processor 205 could support routing functions to route data between different network addresses. As another particular example, while shown as including a single instance of TX processing circuitry 203 and a single instance of RX processing circuitry 204, the gNB 102 could include multiple instances of each (such as one per RF transceiver). Also, various components in FIG. 2 could be combined, further subdivided, or omitted and additional components could be added according to particular needs.

[0087] FIG. 3 illustrates an example user equipment according to embodiments of the present disclosure. The embodiment of the UE 116 illustrated in FIG. 3 is for illustration only, and the UEs 111-115 and 117-119 of FIG. 1 could have the same or similar configuration. However, UEs come in a wide variety of configurations, and FIG. 3 does not limit the scope of the present disclosure to any particular implementation of a UE.

[0088] As shown in FIG. 3, the UE 116 includes an antenna 301, a radio frequency (RF) transceiver 302, TX processing circuitry 303, a microphone 304, and receive (RX) processing circuitry 305. The UE 116 also includes a speaker 306, a controller or processor 307, an input / output (I / O) interface (IF) 308, an input device 309, a touchscreen display 310, and a memory 311. The memory 311 includes an OS 312 and one or more applications 313.

[0089] The RF transceiver 302 receives, from the antenna 301, an incoming RF signal transmitted by an gNB of the network 100. The RF transceiver 302 down-converts the incoming RF signal to generate an IF or baseband signal. The IF or baseband signal is sent to the RX processing circuitry 305, which generates a processed baseband signal by filtering, decoding, and / or digitizing the baseband or IF signal. The RX processing circuitry 305 transmits the processed baseband signal to the speaker 306 (such as for voice data) or to the processor 307 for further processing (such as for web browsing data).

[0090] The TX processing circuitry 303 receives analog or digital voice data from the microphone 304 or other outgoing baseband data (such as web data, e-mail, or interactive video game data) from the processor 307. The TX processing circuitry 303 encodes, multiplexes, and / or digitizes the outgoing baseband data to generate a processed baseband or IF signal. The RF transceiver 302 receives the outgoing processed baseband or IF signal from the TX processing circuitry 303 and up-converts the baseband or IF signal to an RF signal that is transmitted via the antenna 301.

[0091] The processor 307 can include one or more processors or other processing devices and execute the OS 312 stored in the memory 311 in order to control the overall operation of the UE 116. For example, the processor 307 could control the reception of forward channel signals and the transmission of reverse channel signals by the RF transceiver 302, the RX processing circuitry 305, and the TX processing circuitry 303 in accordance with well-known principles. In some embodiments, the processor 307 includes at least one microprocessor or microcontroller.

[0092] The processor 307 is also capable of executing other processes and programs resident in the memory 311, such as processes for CSI (Channel State Information) reporting on uplink channel. The processor 307 can move data into or out of the memory 311 as required by an executing process. In some embodiments, the processor 307 is configured to execute the applications 313 based on the OS 312 or in response to signals received from gNBs or an operator. The processor 307 is also coupled to the I / O interface 308, which provides the UE 116 with the ability to connect to other devices, such as laptop computers and handheld computers. The I / O interface 308 is the communication path between these accessories and the processor 307.

[0093] The processor 307 is also coupled to the touchscreen display 310. The user of the UE 116 can use the touchscreen display 310 to enter data into the UE 116. The touchscreen display 310 may be a liquid crystal display, light emitting diode display, or other display capable of rendering text and / or at least limited graphics, such as from web sites.

[0094] The memory 311 is coupled to the processor 307. Part of the memory 311 could include RAM, and another part of the memory 311 could include a Flash memory or other ROM.

[0095] Although FIG. 3 illustrates one example of UE 116, various changes may be made to FIG. 3. For example, various components in FIG. 3 could be combined, further subdivided, or omitted and additional components could be added according to particular needs. As a particular example, the processor 307 could be divided into multiple processors, such as one or more central processing units (CPUs) and one or more graphics processing units (GPUs). Also, while FIG. 3 illustrates the UE 116 configured as a mobile telephone or smartphone, UEs could be configured to operate as other types of mobile or stationary devices.

[0096] Although there are various encoding modes in the existing communication systems, different encoding modes have their advantages and disadvantages in different scenarios. How to enhance the encoding scheme is one of the important issues that have been studied in the related art.

[0097] In a radio frequency identification (RFID) or an Internet of Things (IOT) system, the link through which the reader (which functions as a base station in the communication system) transmits signals to the electronic tag (which functions a terminal in the communication system) is referred to as a downlink. In the downlink, the reader can transmit an unmodulated carrier signal to the electronic tag, so that the electronic tag can perform data modulation based on this carrier signal and transmit data to the reader or other receiving nodes, and the reader can also autonomously modulate data on the carrier signal and then transmit a control signaling or other information to the electronic tag.

[0098] The electronic tag may be generally classified into three categories, i.e., passive electronic tag, semi-passive electronic tag and active electronic tag. On one hand, most or even all of the power for the operation of passive or semi-passive electronic tags needs to be provided by the reader through downlink signals, so the reader must increase the power of the signals as much as possible when transmitting the control signaling to them. On the other hand, the passive or semi-passive electronic tags are usually weak, so that the open-off keying (OOK) modulation signals transmitted by the transmitting node (e.g., reader) can only be received in an envelope detection manner. Based on the above two points, it can only adopt a pulse interval encoding (PIE) scheme for the control signaling received by the electronic tag in the RFID system. For PIE encoding, the level changes of the code element representing a bit "1" and the code element representing a bit "0" are shown in FIG. 4. Regardless of the code element representing a bit "1" or the code element representing a bit "0", the high level in the code element lasts for a very long time, so that the time when the electronic tag has no energy when receiving the downlink signal is very short, and it is more advantageous to provide continuous energy supply for the electronic tag.

[0099] According to the encoding theory of digital baseband transmission, the pulse interval encoding has no encoding gain, and has lower encoding performance than other encoding schemes with encoding gains such as Manchester encoding, FM0 coding (bi-phase space coding, etc.). Moreover, since the proportion of the low level in the code element is very small (usually only 20% to 30% of the length of the code element), this encoding scheme requires a larger bandwidth and consumes a larger bandwidth, but has no corresponding performance gain. The pulse interval encoding is not a good encoding scheme except that it is more conducive to energy supply.

[0100] The Manchester encoding is also a common encoding scheme, and its encoding scheme is shown in FIG. 5. The rising edge in the middle of the code element (e.g., the change from low level to high level) represents a bit "0", and the falling edge in the middle of the code element (e.g., the change from high level to low level) represents a bit "1". Since the rising edge or falling edge appears in the middle of the code element, the durations of high and low levels in the code element of the bit "0" and the code element of the bit "1" are the same. Therefore, the Manchester encoding can usually be described in another way. For example, a bit "0" is encoded as a bit sequence

[0001] containing two bits, and a bit "1" is encoded as a bit sequence

[0010] containing two bits. For the convenience of description, this description mode will be used subsequently. Although the Manchester encoding has many advantages such as encoding gain, easy implementation and timing information, the duration of its high level accounts for 50% of the duration of the whole code element, so that it is not conducive to continuous energy supply for the electronic tag.

[0101] Therefore, during encoding based on a scheme with an encoding gain, how to enhance energy supply is a technical problem to be improved.

[0102] In order to solve or improve one or more of the problems in the existing encoding schemes, the embodiments of the present disclosure provide a new encoding scheme. The encoding scheme provided in the embodiments of the present disclosure can better supply energy to a signal receiving node (e.g., an electronic tag).

[0103] The method provided in the embodiments of the present disclosure may be executed by any electronic device / node which needs to transmit information (or data). For example, this node may be a user equipment in a communication system, or may be a network node, wherein the user equipment may be a mobile phone, a computer or other common terminals or may be an electronic tag or other terminal-like devices, and the network node may be a base station or other network nodes, such as a transmission / reception point (TRP), or may be a reader. In the embodiments of the present disclosure, the electronic tag may be an active tag, or may be a passive tag or a semi-passive tag.

[0104] In addition, the "uplink" or "downlink" described in the embodiments of the present disclosure is a relative concept. For example, in the RFID system, the reader acts as a base station, and the electronic tag is similar to a user equipment. The link through which the reader transmits signals to the electronic tag may be referred to as a downlink, while the link through which the electronic tag transmits signals to the reader or other nodes may be referred to as an uplink.

[0105] It is to be noted that, some term names involved in the embodiments of the present disclosure may adopt the term names that already exist in the communication standards, while some term names may be newly added or defined term names. These newly added or defined term names may also adopt other names in future communication standards, or may be described in other ways (e.g., a paragraph of text description). The names or appellations of various information / messages / parameters / configurations involved in the embodiments of the present disclosure are not unique, and the names or appellations of these information / messages / parameters / configurations can be altered as long as the functions or contents of these information / messages / parameters / configurations or the explanations or descriptions of these information / messages / parameters / configurations can be corresponding or associated.

[0106] The technical schemes provided by the present disclosure and the technical effects achieved by the technical schemes will be described below by various optional implementations. The following implementations can be referred to, learned from or combined with each other if not conflicted or contradicted, and the same terms, similar characteristics, similar implementation steps or the like in different implementations will not be repeated. For the interaction steps between different nodes, the corresponding scheme for a node on the other side can be obtained based on the description of the scheme for a node on one side. For example, one node receives a signal from other nodes. Correspondingly, it can be obtained that the other nodes transmit the signal to the one node. In an embodiment including a plurality of steps, if there is no clear chronological order for the plurality of steps, the implementation order of the plurality of steps will not be uniquely defined in the embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0107] The scheme provided in the embodiments of the present disclosure can be applied to, but not limited to, RFID systems and IOT systems. Optionally, the encoding scheme provided in the embodiments of the present disclosure can be applied to a passive IOT scenario. For example, the first node may be a reader, and the reader may encode a bit sequence corresponding to the information to be transmitted to the passive electronic tag by using the encoding scheme provided by the present disclosure, then generate a signal based on the encoding result and transmit the signal to the electronic tag.

[0108] The optional implementations of the method provided by the present disclosure will be further described below with reference to the principle of the scheme provided by the present disclosure and several optional embodiments, and the steps in different embodiments can be combined or replaced with each other if not conflicted.

[0109] FIG. 6 illustrates a method executed by a first node in a wireless communication system according to the present disclosure, wherein the first node may be any electronic device, and the first node is a signal transmitting node which may also be referred to a transmitter / transmitting end. Optionally, the first node may be a base station or a device that acts as the base station. For example, this device may include, but not limited to, a reader in an RIFD system.

[0110] For the convenience of description, in the following description of some embodiments, the first node takes a reader as an example, and the signal receiving node (i.e., the second node) takes an electronic tag as an example. As shown in FIG. 6, this method includes the following steps S610 and S620.

[0111] In step S610, a bit sequence is encoded.

[0112] In step S620, a signal is generated and transmitted based on an encoding result.

[0113] The bit sequence is a binary sequence based on the information (e.g., data, control information, etc.) to be transmitted, which may be the information which is generated by the first node and needs to be transmitted to the second node or the information which is received from other nodes (e.g., a high-layer node or a host connected to the reader) by the first node and needs to be transmitted to the second node. The bit sequence is a binary sequence of a digital signal to be encoded.

[0114] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, bits having a value of 0 (binary "0") in the bit sequence are encoded as a first sequence, bits having a value of 1 (binary "1") are encoded as a second sequence, and the number of elements of each of the first sequence and the second sequence is N, where N 3, and N is a positive integer. In the embodiment of the present disclosure, both the first sequence and the second sequence are sequences consisting of elements having a value of 0 and elements having a value of 1, and the number of elements in each sequence is not less than 3.

[0115] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the number of elements having a value of 1 in at least one of the first sequence and the second sequence is greater than the number of elements having a value of 0, and the sum of the number of elements having a value of 1 in both the first sequence and the second sequence is greater than N; and / or, the number of elements having different values at corresponding positions in the first sequence and the second sequence is at least 2. For the convenience of description, the number of elements having different values at corresponding positions in the first sequence and the second sequence is denoted by M hereinafter.

[0116] The number of elements having a value of 1 in each of the first sequence and the second sequence is not less than the number of elements having a value of 0. The sum of the number of elements having a value of 1 in both the first sequence and the second sequence is greater than N.

[0117] For the convenience of description, hereinafter, the elements having a value of 0 and the elements having a value of 1 in the first sequence and the second sequence are referred to as elements 0 and elements 1, respectively. The element 0 represents a low level, while the element 1 represents a high level. The level duration of the element 0 is equal to the level duration of the element 1, and the both are equal to 1 / N of the duration of one bit sequence.

[0118] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the bits having a value of 0 in the bit sequence being encoded as a first sequence and the bits having a value of 1 being encoded as a second sequence can also be described as follows: bits 0 (bits having a value of 0) in the bit sequence are encoded as a first waveform, and bits 1 in the bit sequence are encoded into a second waveform, wherein each of the first waveform and the second waveform includes N levels, the N levels include at least one low level and at least one high level, the number of different levels at corresponding positions in the first waveform and the second waveform is at least M, and / or the number of high levels included in at least one of the first waveform and / or the second waveform is greater than the number of low levels. The duration of each level is fixed, and this duration may be equal to 1 / N of the duration of the code element.

[0119] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, when the bits having a value of 0 in the bit sequence are encoded as a first sequence and the bits having a value of 1 are encoded as a second sequence, the encoding results of the bits 0 and bits 1 can also be described by using the position of the rising edge and / or falling edge in the code element corresponding to the bits 0 and bits 1.

[0120] When "0" represents low level and "1" represents high level, a low level may be represented by one "0" and a high level may be represented by one "1". Thus, the first waveform is a representation of the first sequence, and the second waveform is a representation of the second sequence.

[0121] As an example, FIG. 7 illustrates a schematic diagram of an optional encoding mode according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. In this example, N=2, M=3, the bits 0 in the bit sequence may be encoded as a first sequence

[0011] , and the bits may be encoded as a second sequence

[0101] . In other words, the bits 0 are encoded as the first waveform shown on the left of FIG. 7, and the bits 1 are encoded as the second waveform shown on the right of FIG. 7. In this embodiment, it is also possible that the bit "0" is represented by the rising edge at 1 / 3 of the code element and the bit "1" is represented by the falling edge at 1 / 3 of the code element and the rising edge at 2 / 3 of the code element. For example, each bit having a value of 0 being encoded as the first sequence can be described as follows: each bit having a value of 0 (binary "0") is encoded as a waveform with a rising edge (positive jump) at 1 / 3 of the code element, or the rising edge at 1 / 3 of the code element (or bit period) is used to represent the binary "0"; and, each bit having a value of 1 being encoded as the second sequence can be described as follows: each bit having a value of 1 (binary "1") is encoded as a waveform with a falling edge (negative jump) at 1 / 3 of the code element and a rising edge at 2 / 3 of the code element, or the falling edge at 1 / 3 of the code element (or bit period) and the rising edge at 2 / 3 are used to represent the binary "1".

[0122] In the optional encoding scheme provided in the embodiment of the present disclosure, the number of elements having a value of 1 in at least one of the first sequence and the second sequence is greater than the number of elements having a value of 0 (the number of high levels is greater than the number of low levels), and the sum of the number of elements having of 1 in the two sequences is greater than N (the sum of the number of high levels in the two sequences is greater than N), so that the average proportion of high levels in the encoded sequence is higher than that of low levels. Thus, it is more advantageous for continuous energy supply to the signal receiving end (receiving node / receiver).

[0123] Optionally, the number of elements having different values at corresponding positions in the first sequence and the second sequence is at least 2. Based on this encoding mode, during decoding at the decoding end, it can be determined based on the sample values at the at least two positions in the code element whether it should be decoded into a bit 0 or a bit 1, so that the accuracy of decoding can be improved.

[0124] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the first sequence and the second sequence each include at least one element having a value of 1. Optionally, the number of elements having a value of 1 in each of the first sequence and the second sequence is not less than N / 2, so that the continuous energy supply can be better provided for the receiving end.

[0125] Based on the principle of the above encoding scheme provided by the present disclosure, during actual implementation, there may be various different specific implementations. Optionally, the first sequence and the second sequence may satisfy at least one of the following:

[0126] N=3, and the first sequence and the second sequence each include two elements having a value of 1 and one element having a value of 0;

[0127] N=3, and the first sequence and the second sequence each include three elements having a value of 1 and one element having a value of 0;

[0128] N=4, the first sequence includes two elements having a value of 1 and two elements having a value of 0, and the second sequence includes three elements having a value of 1 and one element having a value of 0; and

[0129] N=4, the first sequence includes three elements having a value of 1 and one element having a value of 0, and the second sequence includes two elements having a value of 1 and two element having a value of 0.

[0130] In practical applications, different encoding modes can be selected for different application scenarios and / or application requirements. For example, in the above optional encoding modes, the transmitting node can select one scheme. In the case of a plurality of optional encoding modes, the transmitting node should also notify the receiving node of the selected encoding mode, so that the receiving node can perform correct decoding based on the corresponding decoding mode.

[0131] The specific implementation of informing the receiving node of the used encoding mode by the first node will not be limited in the embodiment of the present disclosure. As an optional scheme, the first node may generate a signal based on the encoding result of the bit sequence and fourth information, wherein the fourth information is related to the encoding mode on which the first node is based. At this time, the signal carries explicit or implicit indication information of the encoding mode. Upon receiving a code stream, the signal receiving node may know the encoding mode used by the encoding end (the first node) based on the fourth information, and perform decoding by using the decoding mode corresponding to this encoding mode. In this optional scheme, the fourth information and the bit sequence can be transmitted to the receiving node together. For example, the fourth information is realized by two bits, and 00 and 01 represent two different encoding modes, respectively. The bit sequence and the two bits of the fourth information can be used together as a digital signal to be encoded, each of the bit 0 and the bit 1 is encoded separately, and the information to be transmitted is obtained based on the encoded new digital signal. For example, the encoded digital signal is modulated (for example, the encoded digital signal is multiplied with a carrier) and then transmitted.

[0132] As another optional scheme, the fourth information and the bit sequence may also be transmitted separately. For example, after generating a signal based on the encoding result of the bit sequence, the first node may transmit, to the second node, the fourth information (which may also adopt other names, e.g., preamble sequence or preamble information, etc.) for informing the encoding mode used by the first node and then transmit the data signal based on the bit sequence to the second node.

[0133] As an optional scheme of the present disclosure, this method further includes:

[0134] acquiring first information related to the encoding mode.

[0135] The first node may encode the bit sequence based on the encoding mode associated with the first information.

[0136] Optionally, the first node may select, based on the first information, the encoding mode associated with the first information from at least two encoding modes, and then encodes the bit sequence. The encoding mode associated with the first information may also be referred to as the encoding mode corresponding to or configured with the first information.

[0137] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the first information is used to determine the encoding mode that the first node should adopt. The first information may be transmitted to the first node by other nodes (e.g., a high-layer node), or may be obtained by the node by itself. Optionally, in a case where the first information is transmitted to the first node by other nodes, the first information may be explicit indication information or implicit indication information.

[0138] Optionally, the first information may be first indication information for indicating the encoding mode. For example, the first information may be information occupying 1 bit, and the value of this bit is 1 or 0 which corresponds to two different encoding modes.

[0139] Optionally, the first information is related to an energy supply state and / or type of a second node, wherein the second node is a signal receiving node. In this alternative, the encoding mode on which the first node is based is related to the energy supply state (energy supply state information) and / or type of the second node. The first node may select the corresponding encoding mode based on the energy supply state information of the receiving node and / or the type of the receiving node. The energy supply state information may represent whether the receiving node has additional energy supply. Optionally, the energy supply state information may also represent the energy supply degree of the receiving node.

[0140] In an optional embodiment of the present disclosure, the first information includes at least one of the following:

[0141] second information, the second information being related to whether the second node has energy supply; and

[0142] third information, the third information being related to the energy supply intensity (or energy supply degree) of the second node.

[0143] Optionally, the receiving node may be a passive device or a semi-passive device, e.g., a passive or semi-passive electronic tag. This device requires other devices to supply energy. For another example, the energy supply required by the passive tag is stronger than the energy supply required by the semi-passive device and the active device.

[0144] Optionally, the receiving node can only be roughly classified into two types, i.e., a node with energy supply and a node without energy supply. The first information may include the second information (which may also be referred to as first state information), and it may be determined based on the second information that the receiving node is which one of the two types.

[0145] For the first node, if the receiving node has other energy sources (for example, there are other devices that supply energy to the second node), the first node may select an encoding scheme with a relatively weak energy supply effect; and, if the receiving node has no additional energy supply, the first node may select an encoding mode with a better energy supply effect.

[0146] Optionally, in a case where the receiving node has additional energy supply, the energy supply degree (i.e., the energy supply intensity) may also be further divided, and the corresponding encoding mode is selected according to different energy supply intensities.

[0147] Optionally, the receiving node may also be finely classified. Depending on the energy supply intensity of the node, the receiving node is classified into two, three or more types. The specific number of types and the classification mode will not be uniquely limited in the embodiment of the present disclosure. For example, the receiving node may be classified into three types, high-intensity, medium-intensity and low-intensity receiving nodes. In this optional scheme, the first node may determine the type of the receiving node according to the third information (also referred to as second state information), and may select the encoding mode.

[0148] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the specific representation form of the energy supply state information (e.g., the first information) will not be uniquely limited, and the way of obtaining the energy state information of the receiving node by the first node will also not be uniquely limited. Optionally, the first node may obtain, from other nodes (e.g., a base station, a high-layer node, etc.), the first information capable of identifying the energy supply state information of the receiving node, or the first node may autonomously perform some operations (e.g., signal measurement, etc.) to obtain the first information.

[0149] Optionally, the first node may also select the encoding mode based on the type of the receiving node. The classification mode for the type will not be limited in the present disclosure. For example, the type of the node may include at least two types, i.e., an active node, a passive node and a semi-passive node. Different types of nodes may correspond to different encoding modes.

[0150] As an optional scheme, the obtaining first information includes at least one of the following:

[0151] a. receiving the first information; and

[0152] b. obtaining the first information based on the measured energy information of signals in a space.

[0153] For the above item a, the first node may receive the information related to the energy supply state information and / or the type of the node transmitted by other nodes. For example, the first node may be a reader in an RFID system, the receiving node is an electronic tag, and other nodes (for example, a high layer, a base station or a management node corresponding to the first node, e.g., a host connected to the reader) may provide the first information of the electronic tag to the first ode. Optionally, in practical applications, when the first node needs to transit information (e.g., control signaling) to the receiving node, the first node may transmit a request to other nodes to request to obtain the energy supply state information or type of the receiving node, and other nodes may transmit the first information to the first node in response to this request so as to notify the energy supply state information or type of the receiving node; or, after the first node is deployed in an actual application scenario, other nodes may transmit, to the first node, the related information of the energy supply state information or type of all receiving nodes corresponding to the first node in advance, and the first node stores the related information of these receiving nodes. When the receiving nodes corresponding to the first node are changed (e.g., a new node is added, or some nodes are deleted), other nodes may transmit corresponding update information to the first node.

[0154] Optionally, the other nodes (e.g., a high layer, a base station or a management node) may provide the first information to the first node through a signaling (e.g., downlink control signaling).

[0155] For the above item b, the first node may measure electromagnetic signals in the space to obtain the energy supply state information or type of the receiving node. Optionally, in this mode, the first node and the receiving mode may be nodes deployed in the same space. For example, the reader and the electronic tag are deployed in a certain range of space. The first node may actively receive and measure energy information of electronic signals in the space, to determine whether the receiving node has additional energy supply. The energy information of the signal represents the presence of the additional energy source in the corresponding space and the energy strength. The specific representation form of the energy information of the signal will not be limited in the embodiment of the present disclosure. Optionally, the energy information of the signal may include, but not limited to, the power (e.g., average power) of the signal, the energy value of the signal or the like.

[0156] Optionally, the obtaining the first information based on the measured energy information of signals in a space may include: obtaining the first information based on a result of comparison of the measured energy information of signals in the space with at least one threshold.

[0157] The way of obtaining the at least one threshold will not be limited in the embodiment of the present disclosure. For example, the at least one threshold may be predetermined, or may be obtained from other nodes by the first node.

[0158] In this optional scheme, the first node obtains the energy supply state information or type of the receiving node by comparing the measured energy information (e.g., average power) of signals with the corresponding threshold. There may be one or more thresholds. For example, there is one threshold, and it may be determined, according to the result of comparison of the measured power of signals with this threshold, whether the receiving node is a node with additional energy supply or a node without energy supply. For another example, there are two thresholds, including a first threshold and a second threshold, and the first threshold is greater than the second threshold. If the measured power of signals is greater than the first threshold, the first node may consider that the receiving node has high-intensity additional energy supply or is an active node; if the power is between the first threshold and the second threshold, it may consider that the receiving node has medium-intensity additional energy supply or is a semi-passive node; and, if the power is less than the second threshold, it may consider that the receiving node has low-intensity additional energy supply or no additional energy supply or is a passive node.

[0159] In the above optional scheme provided in the embodiment of the present disclosure, different encoding nodes in at least two encoding modes have different characteristics. Optionally, it is possible that the length of the sequence is different (the value of N is different); or, it is possible that the value of M is different; or, it is possible that the value of N is the same and the sum of the number of elements having a value of 1 in both the first sequence and the second sequence is different. During actual implementation, according to different scenarios or requirements, a more suitable encoding mode may be selected by making choices among the continuous energy supply effect, the encoding complexity, the encoding grain or the like.

[0160] Optionally, the at least two encoding modes includes new encoding modes provided in the embodiment of the present disclosure, and may also include the existing encoding modes, e.g., Manchester encoding. For example, if the receiving node is an active node or a node with high-intensity additional energy supply, one of the new encoding modes provided by the present disclosure may be adopted, or an existing encoding method with similar encoding performance and easier implementation can be adopted.

[0161] As an optional scheme, the encoding mode associated with the first information is one of at least two encoding modes; and, the at least two encoding modes include at least one of a first encoding mode, a second encoding mode, a third encoding mode and a fourth encoding mode;

[0162] wherein, in a case where the encoding mode associated with the first information is the first encoding mode, the second encoding mode or the third encoding mode, the bits having a value of 0 in the bit sequence are encoded as a first sequence, and the bits having a value of 1 are encoded as a second sequence; and, in a case where the encoding mode associated with the first information is the fourth encoding mode, the bits having a value of 0 in the bit sequence are encoded as a third sequence, the bits having a value of 1 are encoded as a fourth sequence, and the number of elements in each of the third sequence and the fourth sequence is 2;

[0163] wherein, for the first encoding mode, N=3, and the first sequence and the second sequence each includes two elements having a value of 1 and one element having a value of 0;

[0164] for the second encoding mode, N=4, and the first sequence and the second sequence each include three elements having a value of 1 and one element having a value of 0; and

[0165] for the third encoding mode, N=4, the first sequence includes three elements having a value of 1 and one element having a value of 0, and the second sequence includes two elements having a value of 1 and one element having a value of 0; or, the first sequence includes two elements having a value of 1 and one element having a value of 0, and the second sequence includes three elements having a value of 1 and one element having a value of 0.

[0166] The first encoding mode, the second encoding mode or the third encoding mode is any one of the encoding modes provided in the embodiments of the present disclosure. The fourth encoding mode may be any one of the existing encoding modes.

[0167] The at least two encoding modes may be the encoding modes provided in the embodiments of the present disclosure, or may include at least one encoding mode provided in the embodiments of the present disclosure and at least one existing encoding mode.

[0168] In practical applications, the first node may select, based on the first information, that the current encoding mode can adopt which encoding mode, and encode the bit sequence based on the selected mode.

[0169] Optionally, the first information is related to the energy supply state of the second node, wherein, in a case where the second node has no energy supply, the encoding mode associated with the first information is the first encoding mode, the second encoding mode or the third encoding mode; and

[0170] in a case where the second node has energy supply, the encoding mode associated with the first information is the first encoding mode, the second encoding mode, the third encoding mode or the fourth encoding mode.

[0171] In this optional scheme, if the second node is a node with energy supply, the first node may adopt any one of the at least two encoding modes, for example, a new encoding mode provided by the present disclosure (the first encoding mode, the second mode or the third encoding mode). For another example, the first node may also adopt the existing encoding mode. If the second node has no energy supply, the first node may adopt a new encoding mode provided by the present disclosure to better supply energy to the second node.

[0172] Optionally, in a case where the second node has no energy supply, the encoding mode associated with the first information is the first encoding mode, the second encoding mode or the third encoding mode. For example, when the second node is a passive tag, the second encoding mode may be adopted for the encoding mode associated with the first information, and the energy supply effect in the second encoding mode is better than that in other encoding modes. Therefore, for the passive second node, the second encoding mode may be adopted.

[0173] Optionally, in a case where the energy supply intensity of the second node is a first intensity, the encoding mode associated with the first information is the first encoding mode, the second encoding mode, the third encoding mode or the fourth encoding mode; or, in a case where the energy supply intensity of the second node is a second intensity, the encoding mode associated with the first information is the first encoding mode, the second encoding or the third encoding mode, wherein the first intensity is greater than the second intensity.

[0174] In this alternative, if the energy supply intensity of the second node is relatively high, the first node may select any one of the at least two encoding modes; and, if the energy supply intensity of the second node is relatively low, the first node may select the new encoding mode provided in the embodiment of the present disclosure. For example, the at least one threshold is one threshold; if the power of the signal measured by the first node is greater than or equal to this threshold, it indicates that the energy supply intensity of the second node is the first intensity; and, if the power of the signal measured by the first node is equal to or less than this threshold, it indicates that the energy supply intensity of the second node is the second intensity, and the first node may select the encoding mode according to the result of comparison.

[0175] Optionally, the first intensity includes a third intensity and a fourth intensity, the third intensity is greater than the fourth intensity, and the fourth intensity is greater than the second intensity, wherein, in a case where the energy supply intensity of the second node is the third intensity, the encoding mode associated with the first information is the first encoding mode, the second encoding mode, the third encoding mode or the fourth encoding mode; or, in a case where the energy supply intensity of the second node is the fourth intensity, the encoding mode associated with the first information is the third encoding mode; or, in a case where the energy supply intensity of the second node is the second intensity, the encoding mode associated with the first information is the first encoding mode.

[0176] In this optional embodiment, the energy supply intensity (or referred to as energy supply state) may be classified more finely, for example, being classified into the third intensity, the fourth intensity and the second intensity from high to low. For the third intensity, any encoding mode may be adopted; for the fourth intensity, the third encoding mode may be adopted; and, for the second intensity, the first encoding mode may be adopted.

[0177] As other alternatives, the encoding mode corresponding to the fourth intensity may also be the first encoding mode or the second encoding mode, and the encoding mode corresponding to the second intensity may also be the second encoding mode or the third encoding mode. The existing encoding mode or the first encoding mode may be adopted for the encoding mode corresponding to the third intensity.

[0178] It is to be noted that, as other possible schemes, the energy supply intensity / state may also be classified into more possible intensity levels, the energy supply effect of the encoding mode corresponding to a relatively higher energy supply intensity is better than that of the encoding mode corresponding to a relatively lower energy supply intensity.

[0179] After the bit sequence is encoded, the transmitting node may generate and transmit a signal based on the encoding result. The specific way of generating the signal based on the encoding result will not be limited in the present disclosure.

[0180] Corresponding to the encoding method provided in the embodiment of the present disclosure, an embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a corresponding decoding / deciphering method. This method may be executed by a second node, e.g., the above signal receiving node. This method includes the following steps of:

[0181] for a code element to be decoded, sampling at a moment (k=0,1,...,N-1) or near in the code element to obtain N sample values, where T is the duration of the code element; and

[0182] obtaining a decoding result based on the sample value at a first position in the N sample values, wherein the first position is a position where there are different values at corresponding positions in a first sequence and a second sequence.

[0183] Sampling near the moment (k=0,1,...,N-1) can be interpreted as sampling once on each chip in the code element. By taking k=0 as an example, the duration of the first chip of the code element in the code element is 0 to . Sampling near the moment can be interpreted as sampling in the time range of 0 to . Preferably, it is possible to sample at an intermediate moment in this time range, for example, sampling at a moment .

[0184] In the optional scheme shown in FIG. 7, the original bit 0 and the original bit 1 are encoded as a 3-bit sequence, and there are different values at first two positions in the first sequence and the second sequence. The sample values at the first positions in this embodiment are first two sample values in the three sample values.

[0185] In the scheme provided in the embodiment of the present disclosure, by selecting M sample values corresponding to different bit positions between the encoded bit sequence (the first sequence) corresponding to the original bit 0 and the encoded bit sequence (the second sequence) corresponding to the original bit 1, decoding can be realized. Among the N elements in the first sequence and the second sequence, the elements at at least two corresponding positions may be different, so it can be determined based on the size of at least two sample values whether the original bit is 0 or 1, so that the decoding performance can be enhanced. Moreover, in this decoding scheme, correct decoding can be realized only by requiring several sample values at the first position among the sample values, without counting the number of sample values greater than or less than the threshold among the sample values.

[0186] Various optional implementations of the encoding scheme provided by the present disclosure and corresponding decoding modes will be described below by several optional embodiments. For the convenience of description, in some of the following embodiments, 0 and 1 in the bit sequences to be encoded are referred to as an original bit 0 and an original bit 1, respectively.

[0187] Embodiment 1

[0188] The encoding scheme provided in this embodiment may be referred to as 1B3B encoding. 1B3B can be interpreted as one original bit being encoded as three bits, that is, N=3. In this embodiment, M=2. Each of the original bit 0 and the original bit 1 is encoded as a waveform including two high levels and one low level, and the levels at two corresponding positions in the encoded waveforms of the original bit 0 and the original bit 1 are different.

[0189] FIG. 8 illustrates three optional schemes provided in this embodiment, for example, a sub-scheme 1, a sub-scheme 2 and a sub-scheme 3 shown in FIG. 8.

[0190] By taking the sub-scheme 1 as an example, the original bit "0" is encoded as

[0011] , and the original bit "1" is encoded as

[0101] , wherein each encoded 0 represents a low level, each encoded 1 represents a high level, and the high and low levels have the same length (duration). If high and low levels are used for description, it may be described that the bit "0" is represented by the rising edge at 1 / 3 of the code element and the bit "1" is represented by the falling edge at 1 / 3 of the code element and the rising edge at 2 / 3 of the code element. It is to be noted that, for any sub-scheme, the code element of the original bit "0" and the code element of the original bit "1" may be reversed. By taking the sub-scheme 1 as an example, the bits "0" and "1" may be encoded as

[0011] and

[0101] , respectively, or may be encoded as

[0101] and

[0011] in reverse.

[0191] The bandwidths of the three sub-schemes for 1B3B encoding provided in the present disclosure are three times of the Baud rate, wherein the Baud rate means the reciprocal of the duration (denoted by T) of the code element, and the average proportion of high levels is 2 / 3 (the total proportion of high levels in the encoding results of the bits 0 and 1 is 2 / 3) under the condition that the source bit is equally distributed. When it is explained in a sequence manner, the sum of the number of elements in the first sequence and the number of elements in the second sequence is 6; the number of elements having a value of 1 in the first sequence and the number of elements having a value of 1 in the second sequence each are 2, and the number of elements having a value 0 is 1; and, the sum of the number of elements having a value of 1 in both the first sequence and the second sequence is 4, and the elements having a value of 1 accounts for 2 / 3, which is higher than 1 / 2 in Manchester encoding, FM0 and Miller encoding, so that it is more advantageous for continuous energy supply to the electronic tag.

[0192] On the other hand, in the three sub-schemes for 1B3B encoding, if the identical parts of two code elements (identical parts at corresponding positions, e.g., the last high level in the sub-scheme 1) are not taken into consideration, this encoding is the same as the Manchester encoding. Thus, the bit error rate of this encoding scheme is the same as that of Manchester encoding, but is superior to that of FM0 encoding and Miller encoding and more superior to pulse interval encoding.

[0193] The decoding method corresponding to the above encoding method provided in this embodiment will be given below. This method may be executed by a second node. For a code element to be decoded, if it is assumed that sample signals at T / 6, T / 2 and 5T / 6 or near these positions in the code element are , and , respectively, the decoding methods corresponding to the three sub-schemes for 1B3B encoding shown in FIG. 8 may be as follows:

[0194] (1) for the sub-scheme 1: if < , it is decoded as "0"; otherwise, it is decoded as "1";

[0195] (2) for the sub-scheme 2: if < , it is decoded as "0"; otherwise, it is decoded as "1"; and

[0196] (3) for the sub-scheme 3: if < , it is decoded as "0"; otherwise, it is decoded as "1".

[0197] It should be understood that, if the code element of the original bit "0" and the code element of the original bit "1" are inverse to those shown in FIG. 8, the less-than sign in the above decoding method can be changed to the greater-than sign. For example, corresponding to the sub-scheme 1, if the encoding modes for the original bit "0" and the original bit "1" are reversed, the bit "1" is encoded as

[0011] and the bit "0" is encoded as

[0101] . Thus, during decoding, for a code element, if < , the decoding result is "1"; and, if > , the decoding result is "0".

[0198] Embodiment 2

[0199] The encoding scheme provided in this embodiment may be referred to as 1B4B encoding. In this specific implementation, one bit is encoded as four bits. FIG. 9 illustrates six optional schemes provided in this embodiment, for example, sub-schemes 1-6 shown in FIG. 9.

[0200] By taking the sub-scheme 1 as an example, the original bit "0" is encoded as [0 1 1 1] and the original bit "1" is encoded as [1 0 1 1]. If high and low levels are used for description, the bit "0" is represented by the rising edge at 1 / 4 of the code element, and the bit "1" is represented by the falling edge at 1 / 4 of the code element and the rising edge at 1 / 2 of the code element. It is to be noted that, for any sub-scheme, the code element of the bit "0" and the code element of the bit "1" may be reversed. By taking the sub-scheme 1 as an example, the bits "0" and "1" may be encoded as [0 1 1 1] and [1 0 1 1], respectively, or may be encoded as [1 0 1 1] and [0 1 1 1], respectively.

[0201] The bandwidths of the six sub-schemes for 1B4B encoding provided in this embodiment are 4 times of the Baud rate. Under the condition that the source bit is equally distributed, the average proportion of high levels is 3 / 4, which is higher than 2 / 3 in the three sub-schemes for 1B3B encoding in Embodiment 1 and also higher than 1 / 2 in Manchester encoding, FM0 and Miller encoding, so that it is more advantageous for continuous energy supply to the electronic tag in comparison to the three sub-schemes 1B3B encoding in Embodiment 1. On the other hand, the bit error rate of this encoding scheme is the same as that of the Manchester encoding, but is superior to that of FM0 encoding and Miller encoding and more superior to pulse interval encoding.

[0202] The decoding method corresponding to the above encoding method provided in this embodiment will be given below. This method may be executed by a second node. If it is assumed that sample signals at T / 8, 3T / 8, 5T / 8 and 7T / 8 or near these positions in the code element are , , and , respectively, the decoding methods corresponding to the six encoding schemes for 1B4B shown in FIG. 9 are as follows:

[0203] (1) for the sub-scheme 1: if < , it is decoded as "0"; otherwise, it is decoded as "1";

[0204] (2) for the sub-scheme 2: if < , it is decoded as "0"; otherwise, it is decoded as "1";

[0205] (3) for the sub-scheme 3: if < , it is decoded as "0"; otherwise, it is decoded as "1";

[0206] (4) for the sub-scheme 4: if < , it is decoded as "0"; otherwise, it is decoded as "1";

[0207] (5) for the sub-scheme 5: if < , it is decoded as "0"; otherwise, it is decoded as "1"; and

[0208] (6) for the sub-scheme 6: if < , it is decoded as "0"; otherwise, it is decoded as "1".

[0209] As described above, if the code element of the bit "0" and the code element of the bit "1" are inverse to those shown in FIG. 9, the less-than sign in the above decoding method can be changed to the greater-than sign.

[0210] Embodiment 3

[0211] The encoding scheme provided in this embodiment may also be referred to as 1B4B encoding. Unlike Embodiment 2, the number of elements having a value of 1 in the encoding results corresponding to the bit 0 and bit 1 in Embodiment 3 is decreased by 1. In other words, based on the 1B4B encoding scheme in Embodiment 2, any 1 in the two chips (total four 1) that are high levels at the corresponding positions in the code element of the bit "0" and the code element of the bit "1" is replaced with 0. One chip is a high level or a low level, and corresponds to one encoded bit.

[0212] The 1B4B encoding mode in Embodiment 3 may include 24 sub-schemes, and each sub-scheme in Embodiment 2 may be varied into 4 new encoding schemes in this embodiment.

[0213] By taking the sub-scheme 1 for 1B4B encoding in Embodiment 2, four corresponding variant encoding schemes in Embodiment 3 are variant 1 to variant 4 shown in FIG. 10. By taking the variant 1 as an example, compared with the sub-scheme 1 in Embodiment 2, the encoding result of the bit "1" is unchanged, and the third chip of the bit "0" is changed from a high level to a low level.

[0214] Similarly, any one of the six 1B4B encoding schemes in Embodiment 2 may correspond to four variant 1B4B encoding schemes, so there are total 24 variant 1B4B encoding schemes. For the 24 variant 1B4B encoding schemes, the bandwidth is 4 times of the Baud rate. Under the condition that the source bit is equally distributed, the average proportion of high levels is 5 / 8, which is lower than that in the encoding schemes in Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 2 but higher than that in Manchester encoding, FM0 and Miller encoding, so that it is also advantageous for continuous energy supply to the electronic tag. On the other hand, compared with Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 2, in the 1B4B encoding scheme provided in this Embodiment 3, since the code distance (different number of chips after encoding the bit "0" and the bit "1") is increased from 2 to 3, a higher encoding gain can be obtained, and the decoding performance is better than that of the encoding schemes in Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 2.

[0215] The decoding method corresponding to the above encoding method provided in this Embodiment 3 will be given below. This method may be executed by a second node. If it is assumed that sample signals at T / 8, 3T / 8, 5T / 8 and 7T / 8 or near these positions in the code element are , , and , respectively, by taking four optional variant schemes shown in FIG. 10 as an example, one decoding method for the variant 1B4B encoding schemes in this Embodiment 3 is as follows:

[0216] (1) for the variant 1: if < or < , it is decoded as "0"; otherwise, it is decoded as "1";

[0217] (2) for the variant 2: if < or < , it is decoded as "0"; otherwise, it is decoded as "1";

[0218] (3) for the variant 3: if < or < , it is decoded as "0"; otherwise, it is decoded as "1"; and

[0219] (4) for the variant 4: if < or < , it is decoded as "0"; otherwise, it is decoded as "1";

[0220] another optional decoding method is as follows:

[0221] (1) for the variant 1: if < , it is decoded as "0"; otherwise, it is decoded as "1";

[0222] (2) for the variant 2: if < , it is decoded as "0"; otherwise, it is decoded as "1";

[0223] (3) for the variant 3: if < , it is decoded as "0"; otherwise, it is decoded as "1"; and

[0224] (4) for the variant 4: if < , it is decoded as "0"; otherwise, it is decoded as "1";

[0225] another optional decoding method is as follows:

[0226] (1) for the variant 1: if min{ , }< , it is decoded as "0"; otherwise, it is decoded as "1";

[0227] (2) for the variant 2: if min{ , }< , it is decoded as "0"; otherwise, it is decoded as "1";

[0228] (3) for the variant 3: if <max{ , }, it is decoded as "0"; otherwise, it is decoded as "1"; and (4) for the variant 4: if <max{ , }, it is decoded as "0"; otherwise, it is decoded as "1".

[0229] The above similar methods may also be used to decode for the 20 variant encoding schemes corresponding to other five 1B4B encoding schemes in Embodiment 2.

[0230] Specifically, in the 24 variant 1B4B encoding schemes provided in this Embodiment 3, if two continuous chips are 0, e.g., the variant 3, the durations of low levels in the code element of the bit "0" and the code element of the bit "1" are different. For this encoding scheme, the second node (e.g., the electronic tag) may also perform decoding in a way similar to pulse interval encoding, and it is decoded as 0 or 1 according to whether the duration of the low level exceeds the threshold.

[0231] Embodiment 4

[0232] This embodiment provides an encoding scheme selection method when the first node is a communication terminal (e.g., a user equipment or a terminal similar to the user equipment, e.g., a reader in an RFID system). This method is executed by the first node. For the convenience of description, the second node is described by taking an electronic tag as an example.

[0233] The method provided in this embodiment may include the following steps.

[0234] In step S1, the first node acquires first information, the first information being related to energy supply state information and / or type of the electronic tag.

[0235] In this step, by taking the first information being related to the energy supply state information (energy supply state) of the electronic tag as an example, the first node acquires information related to the energy supply state information of the receiving node. Optionally, this information may be indication information which indicates the energy supply state.

[0236] Optionally, the energy supply state information may be 1-bit indication information or 2-bit indication information. Optionally, if the energy supply state information is 1-bit indication information, the energy supply state information is used to indicate the first node whether the electronic tag in the network has additional energy supply, and this state information reflects weather the first node needs to provide energy for the electronic tag or needs to provide what intensity of energy. For example, if the value of 1 bit is "0", it indicated that the electronic tag does not have additional energy supply; and, if the value of 1 bit is "1", it indicated that the electronic tag has additional energy supply, or vice versa.

[0237] Optionally, if the energy supply state information is 2-bit indication information, the energy supply state information may indicate to the first node whether the electronic tag in the network has additional energy supply and may also further indicate the energy supply degree (energy supply intensity) to the first node. For example, the energy supply state information 00, 01, 10 and 11 may represent no additional energy supply, low-intensity additional energy supply, medium-intensity additional energy supply and high-intensity additional energy supply, respectively. The classification standard for different intensities will not be limited in the embodiment of the present disclosure and can be set according to actual requirements or scenarios. Of course, the for the 2-bit indication information, the energy supply state may also be classified into three types, i.e., no additional energy supply, medium / low-intensity additional energy supply and high-intensity additional energy supply, which may be indicated by 00, 01 and 11, respectively.

[0238] Optionally, the acquisition of the energy supply state information may be based on signaling or measurement. If it is based on signaling, the first node may acquire the energy supply state information from the network side through a downlink control signaling (e.g., downlink control information). If it is based on measurement, the first node may receive and measure electromagnetic signals in the space, then calculate the average power P, and compare the average power with one or more predefined power thresholds to determine the energy supply state information.

[0239] By still taking the energy supply state information having 2 bits as an example, optionally, if the energy supply state information corresponds to four possible situations, i.e., no additional energy supply, low-intensity (second intensity) additional energy supply, medium-intensity (fourth intensity) additional energy supply and high-intensity (third intensity) additional energy supply, three power threshold may be predefined, which are denoted by T1, T2and T3from largest to smallest, respectively. If the measured average power P is less than or equal to T3, the first node determine that the electronic tag in the network has no additional energy supply; if P is between T3and T2, the first node determines that the electronic tag in the network has low-intensity additional energy supply; if P is between T2and T1, the first node determines that the electronic tag in the network has medium-intensity additional energy supply; and, if P T1, the first node determines that the electronic tag in the network has high-intensity additional energy supply. When the energy supply state information has only 1 bit, there is only one predefined power threshold. If P is greater than or equal to this power threshold, it indicates that the electronic tag has additional energy supply; and, if P is less than this power threshold, it indicates that the electronic tag has no additional energy supply.

[0240] In step S2, the first node selects a downlink encoding scheme according to the energy supply state information.

[0241] (1) If the energy supply state information has 1 bit, optionally, the step S2 may be as follows:

[0242] ① If the energy supply state information indicates that the electronic tag has no additional energy supply, optionally, the first node may select any one of the encoding schemes provide in Embodiment 1 to Embodiment 3 to perform data transmission; and

[0243] ② if the energy supply state information indicates that the electronic tag has additional energy supply, the first node may select any one of the encoding schemes provided in the embodiments of the present disclosure, or may not select the new encoding schemes provided by the present disclosure and may adopt the existing encoding mode, e.g., Manchester encoding.

[0244] (2) if the energy supply state information has 2 bits, optionally, the step S2 may be as follows:

[0245] ① if the energy supply state information indicates that the electronic tag has no additional energy supply, the first node may select the encoding scheme (the second encoding mode) in Embodiment 2 to better supply energy to the second node;

[0246] ② if the energy supply state information indicates that the electronic tag has low-intensity additional energy supply, the first node selects the encoding scheme (the first encoding mode) in Embodiment 1, so that the bandwidth can be saved;

[0247] ③ if the energy supply state information indicates that the electronic tag has medium-intensity additional energy supply, the first node selects the encoding scheme (the third encoding mode) in Embodiment 3, so that a high encoding gain can be obtained; and

[0248] ④ if the energy supply state information indicates that the electronic tag has high-intensity additional energy supply, the first node may or may not select any one of the new encoding schemes provided by the present disclosure, or may select Manchester encoding or other existing encoding schemes (the fourth encoding mode).

[0249] In the scheme provided in this embodiment, the first node may select a more suitable encoding mode based on the energy supply state of the second node.

[0250] As another example, if it is assumed that multiple optional encoding modes have been determined, for example, there are four optional encoding modes, for example, including the sub-scheme (denoted by mode 1) in Embodiment 1, the sub-scheme 1 (denoted by mode 2) in Embodiment 2, the variant 1 (denoted by mode 3) in Embodiment 3 and Manchester encoding (denoted by mode 4), the first node may select an encoding mode according to the downlink control signal received from the network side. If the downlink control signaling carries the information for indicating the energy supply state information of the second node and the information has 2 bits, the first node may determine the final encoding mode according to the values of the 2 bits, for example, by looking up a table (e.g., Table 1). The correspondence in the table may be predetermined, or transmitted to the first node by the network side.

[0251]

[0252] Of course, the first node may also determine the used encoding mode by looking up a table based on the measured power P, as shown in Table 2 below.

[0253]

[0254] In the scheme provided in the above Embodiment 4, the first node needs to notify the selected encoding scheme (e.g., the above first identifier) to the second node. The notification mode will not be limited in the embodiment of the present disclosure.An embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a method executed by a second node (receiver) in a wireless communication system, including:

[0255] receiving a signal, the first signal being generated based on an encoding result of a bit sequence;

[0256] wherein bits having a value of 0 in the bit sequence are encoded as a first sequence, bits having a value of 1 are encoded as a second sequence, and the number of elements in each of the first sequence and the second sequence is N, where N 3; and

[0257] wherein the number of elements having a value of 1 in the first sequence and / or the second sequence is greater than the number of elements having a value of 0, and the sum of the number of elements having a value of 1 in both the first sequence and the second sequence is greater than N.

[0258] The second node is a receiving node. For example, the first node is a reader, and the second node is an electronic tag. In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the first node may generate and transmit a signal based on the encoding mode provided in any one of the optional embodiments of the present disclosure, and the second node receives the signal transmitted by the first node and obtains information carried in this signal based on the corresponding decoding mode. The second node should assume that the received signal is generated based on the encoding mode provided in the embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0259] Optionally, if it is predetermined in the communication system that one of the encoding modes is to be used, the first node should perform encoding based on this encoding mode, and the second node should assume that the received signal is encoded in this mode. Optionally, if the communication system supports at least two encoding modes, the first node should notify the second node of the selected encoding mode; or, the second node knows its own energy supply state or type, the first node may not notify the second node of the selected encoding mode, and the second node should assume that the first node encodes the bit sequence based on the encoding mode corresponding to the energy supply state or type.

[0260] It should be understood that, in the above embodiments, the contents of various optional embodiments described using the first node as the execution subject can also be applied to the schemes using the second node as the execution subject if not conflicted or contradicted.

[0261] To optimize communication performance, an embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a method executed by a third node in a wireless communication system. Optionally, the third node and a fourth node in the following may be the first node and the second node in the foregoing embodiments respectively, and the method may be applicable to IOT communication scenarios. For example, the third node may be a reader, and the fourth node may be an electronic tag. The method provided in the embodiment of the present disclosure may include the following steps 1 to 3.

[0262] Step 1: transmitting information for triggering downlink channel measurement;

[0263] Step 2: transmitting a chirp signal for downlink channel measurement;

[0264] Step 3: receiving channel measurement results, where the channel measurement results comprises information related to a maximum amplitude, and the maximum amplitude is a maximum value among signal amplitudes of sampling points of the chirp signal.

[0265] The information for triggering downlink channel measurement may also be referred to as information for indicating or notifying the fourth node to perform downlink channel quality measurement. Embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited as to what this information is referred to. Embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited as to what the chirp signal for downlink channel measurement is referred to, and the chirp signal may be understood as a type or form of a signal. The signal for downlink signal measurement in the embodiments of the present disclosure may also be referred to as a reference signal or another name, and correspondingly, "transmitting a chirp signal for downlink channel measurement" may be replaced with "transmitting a reference signal for downlink channel measurement". Optionally, time-frequency information (for example, duration or frequency range) of a signal for downlink channel measurement may be predetermined or notified / configured by the third node to the fourth node. For example, a generation manner of the reference signal or time-frequency information of the reference signal is predetermined, or the third node may transmit it to the fourth node by using downlink signaling before transmitting the reference signal. Optionally, the third node may transmit the time-frequency information of the reference signal to the fourth node by using a signaling for triggering downlink channel measurement, or may transmit the time-frequency information of the reference signal by using other signaling different from that signaling. For example, the third node may transmit configuration information related to a signal for downlink channel measurement to the fourth node, and the fourth node may receive a reference signal based on the configuration information.

[0266] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the third node may transmit the information to the fourth node explicitly or implicitly. The third node may theoretically indicate the fourth node to perform downlink channel measurement by using any downlink signaling (for example, IOT downlink signaling). For example, the third node may indicate the fourth node to perform downlink channel measurement by using broadcast signaling.

[0267] Optionally, when an explicit indication manner is used, the third node may transmit first downlink signaling, where the first downlink signaling includes information for indicating downlink channel measurement, the information may also be referred to as channel measurement indication information, and the fourth node performs channel measurement after receiving the indication information. When an implicit indication manner is used, the signaling for triggering downlink channel measurement may be predetermined, and in this case, the third node triggers downlink channel measurement by transmitting the predetermined downlink signaling, and the fourth node performs channel measurement when receiving the downlink signaling. The predetermined downlink signaling may be a predetermined downlink signaling or any one of a plurality of predetermined downlink signaling, and the agreed downlink signaling may theoretically be any downlink signaling existing in the communication system, or may be a new downlink signaling.

[0268] After the third node transmits the information for triggering downlink channel quality measurement, for example, after transmitting the channel measurement indication information, the third node transmits a signal for performing downlink channel quality measurement to the fourth node, and the fourth node performs channel measurement by receiving the signal, to obtain channel measurement results.

[0269] In an optional embodiment of the present disclosure, considering that the processing capability of a downlink receiving end (the fourth node) device is relatively lower in a relatively low-power IOT scenario, a chirp signal (also referred to as a chirp continuous wave) with a relatively simple processing manner may be used for a signal (for example, a reference signal) for downlink channel quality measurement, the fourth node receives the chirp signal transmitted by the third node, and obtains channel measurement results based on the signal (for example, the received reference signal). After receiving the information for triggering downlink channel quality measurement, the fourth node continues to receive the signal transmitted by the third node, and may obtain the signal amplitude of each sampling point, that is, the envelope amplitude of each sampling point, in an envelope detection manner. The fourth node may feed back information related to a maximum amplitude (a maximum value in signal amplitudes of sampling nodes) to the third node or feed back the information to the third node through another node, and the third node may adjust the transmitting manner of a downlink signal between the third node and the fourth node based on the feedback information of the fourth node (for example, may adjust the frequency of a transmitted signal), adjust a signal encoding mode, and the like, to optimize communication performance between the third node and the fourth node.

[0270]

[0271] Optionally, the channel measurement results may include at least one of the following:

[0272] the maximum amplitude; a quantization result of the maximum amplitude; and an index of a sampling point corresponding to the maximum amplitude.

[0273] An index of a sampling point may also be referred to as a sampling point sequence number, and is used to identify the sampling point ordinal. Optionally, the fourth node may feed back the maximum amplitude or the quantization result of the maximum amplitude to the third node, and the third node may determine downlink channel quality between the third node and the fourth node based on the maximum amplitude or the quantization result of the maximum amplitude, and adjust the subsequent transmitting scheme of a downlink signal to be transmitted to the fourth node.

[0274] Optionally, the maximum amplitude (or the quantization result of the maximum amplitude) is related to an encoding mode of the signal subsequently transmitted by the third node. For example, there is a predetermined mapping relationship between the value range of the maximum amplitude and the signal encoding mode, and the third node may determine, based on information related to the maximum amplitude in the channel measurement results and the mapping relationship, the signal encoding mode based on which the downlink signal is subsequently transmitted. The specific form of the mapping relationship is not limited in this embodiment of the present disclosure, for example, the mapping relationship may be a mapping table, and the table may at least include a correspondence between each of two amplitude ranges (which may be ranges, or may be specific amplitudes) and a corresponding encoding mode. Optionally, a encoding mode may be determined based on a relationship between a maximum amplitude (or the quantization result of the maximum amplitude) in the channel measurement results reported by the fourth node and at least one preset threshold, for example, the preset threshold may be one, the maximum amplitude or the quantization result thereof is greater than or equal to the preset threshold, one encoding mode (or any one of a plurality of coding modes) is used, the maximum amplitude or the quantization result thereof is less than or equal to the preset threshold, and another encoding mode is used. For another example, when there are at least two preset thresholds, the encoding mode may be determined based on the threshold range in which the maximum amplitude is located.

[0275] It may be understood that the method for downlink channel measurement and the signal encoding method provided in the embodiment of the present disclosure may be implemented in combination. For example, the maximum amplitude or the quantization result of the maximum amplitude may be used as energy information of the signal, and a larger maximum amplitude indicates a stronger energy. Whether the fourth node has the energy supply or the intensity of the energy supply may be determined based on the maximum amplitude, and a corresponding encoding mode is determined.

[0276] As an optional example, if the maximum amplitude (or the quantization result of the maximum amplitude) is greater than or equal to the first preset threshold, the third node may use any one of the first encoding mode to the fourth encoding mode provided in the foregoing embodiment of the present disclosure, or if the maximum amplitude (or the quantization result of the maximum amplitude) is less than the first preset threshold, the third node may use any one of the first encoding mode to the third encoding mode provided in the foregoing embodiments of the present disclosure. Alternatively, if the maximum amplitude (or the quantization result of the maximum amplitude) is greater than or equal to the second preset threshold, the third node may use any one of the first encoding mode to the fourth encoding mode provided above; if the maximum amplitude (or the quantization result of the maximum amplitude) is less than the second preset threshold and greater than or equal to the third threshold, the third node may use the third encoding mode provided above; and if the maximum amplitude (or the quantization result of the maximum amplitude) is less than the third threshold, the third node may use the first encoding mode.

[0277] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the specific quantization manner of the maximum amplitude is not limited, and theoretically, as long as the third node and the fourth node agree on the quantization manner. Optionally, the quantization result of the maximum amplitude is obtained based on a first threshold, where the first threshold includes at least one of the following:

[0278] a threshold closest to the maximum amplitude among a plurality of preset thresholds;

[0279] a maximum threshold among a plurality of preset thresholds that are less than or equal to the maximum amplitude;

[0280] a minimum threshold among a plurality of preset thresholds that are greater than or equal to the maximum amplitude.

[0281] The plurality of preset thresholds may be predetermined, or may be received by the fourth node from the third node, for example, configured by the third node to the fourth node by using downlink signaling, and the downlink signaling and the downlink signaling for triggering channel measurement may be the same signaling, or may be different signaling. The fourth node may determine the first threshold based on the maximum amplitude, and quantize the maximum amplitude based on the first threshold and a predetermined quantization algorithm, to obtain a quantization result.

[0282] Optionally, the quantization result corresponding to each preset threshold may be determined in a table lookup or a predetermined manner. For example, the mapping relationship between each preset threshold and the quantization result of the corresponding maximum amplitude is preconfigured, and if the mapping relationship is a table, and the quantization result corresponding to each preset threshold is stored in the table, after the first threshold corresponding to the maximum amplitude is determined from the plurality of preset thresholds, the quantization result corresponding to the first threshold may be found by table lookup.

[0283] Optionally, the quantization result of the maximum amplitude may be determined based on at least one of threshold 1 or threshold 2, where threshold 1 is the maximum threshold among a plurality of preset thresholds that are less than or equal to the maximum amplitude, and threshold 2 is the minimum threshold among a plurality of preset thresholds that are greater than or equal to the maximum amplitude. For example, the quantization result may be determined based on a threshold range in which the maximum amplitude is located (threshold 1 maximum threshold < threshold 2).

[0284] Taking 3 preset thresholds as an example, a mapping table of a maximum amplitude and a quantization result corresponding to the maximum amplitude is shown in the following table. As shown in the table, when there is no preset threshold less than the maximum amplitude , the corresponding situation is <T1, and the quantization result is 0; when the preset thresholds are not greater than the maximum amplitude are only T1, the corresponding situation is T1 <T2, and the quantization result is 1; when the preset thresholds are not greater than the maximum amplitude are only T1and T2, the corresponding situation is T2 <T3, and the quantization result is 2; and when none of the 3 thresholds is greater than the maximum amplitude , the quantization result is 3. In this example, a larger value of the quantization result indicates a larger maximum amplitude, and channel quality at a frequency point corresponding to the amplitude is better.

[0285]

[0286] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the plurality of preset thresholds are all values not less than 0, and optionally, the minimum value among the plurality of preset thresholds may be 0. In this optional manner, there is at least one threshold that is not greater than the maximum amplitude among the plurality of preset thresholds.

[0287] Optionally, the fourth node may feed back the index of the sampling point corresponding to the maximum amplitude to the third node, and the third node may adjust the transmitting frequency of the downlink signal based on information fed back by the fourth node.

[0288] Optionally, after obtaining the channel measurement results, the third node may transmit the second downlink signaling to the fourth node based on the channel measurement results, where at least one of the encoding mode and the transmitting frequency of the second downlink signaling is based on the channel measurement results.

[0289] For example, the third node transmits a chirp signal with a duration of TLFMand a frequency range of to . During the downlink channel measurement performed by the fourth node, envelope detection is performed, and sampling is performed at a clock frequency . The number of samplings can be expressed as = , and the maximum amplitude of the envelope amplitudes of each sampling point is assumed to be the nth sampling point among the sampling points. The fourth node may feed back the index n of the sampling point to the third node, and the third node may calculate the frequency point at which downlink signaling is subsequently transmitted is , and then may transmit the downlink signaling on a subcarrier whose frequency is closest to .

[0290] Optionally, the channel measurement results may include information related to at least two amplitudes, where the at least two amplitudes are at least two largest amplitudes among the amplitudes of the sampling points. For example, the channel measurement results reported by the fourth node may include information related to two amplitudes (for example, the two amplitudes or quantization results of the amplitudes, and indexes of the sampling points corresponding to the two amplitudes), and the two amplitudes include the aforementioned maximum amplitude and a maximum amplitude (the second maximum amplitude) other than the aforementioned maximum amplitude among the amplitudes of the sampling points. The third node may adjust at least one of a encoding mode or a transmitting frequency of the downlink signaling based on the received information related to the at least two amplitudes, for example, may determine the encoding mode based on an average value of the at least two amplitudes (or quantization results of the at least two amplitudes), may separately determine the transmitting frequency point based on the at least two amplitudes, and then transmit the downlink signaling on a subcarrier whose frequency is closest to the average value of the frequency points corresponding to the at least two amplitudes.

[0291] Based on the solution provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure, the third node may adjust and optimize subsequent downlink signaling transmission based on the received channel measurement results, thereby improving the communication effect.

[0292] Based on the same principle, an embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a method executed by a fourth node in a wireless communication system, including:

[0293] receiving information for triggering downlink channel measurement;

[0294] receiving a chirp signal for downlink channel measurement;

[0295] transmitting channel measurement results, where the channel measurement results comprises information related to a maximum amplitude, and the maximum amplitude is a maximum value among signal amplitudes of sampling points of the chirp signal.

[0296] It may be understood that the method performed by the third node and the method performed by the fourth node are respectively described by using a downlink signaling transmitting end and a downlink signaling receiving end as execution subjects. Where an optional embodiment of the transmitting end is also applicable to the receiving end, and only needs to perform corresponding modification in a description form, and details are not described herein again.

[0297] After the fourth node feeds back the channel measurement results, when the measurement result includes the maximum amplitude or the quantization result of the maximum amplitude, the fourth node may consider that the third node determines, based on the maximum amplitude or the quantization result, the encoding mode used to subsequently transmit the downlink signaling, and when the measurement result includes the index of the sampling point corresponding to the maximum amplitude, the fourth node may consider that the third node transmits downlink signaling on a subcarrier whose frequency is closest to .

[0298] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, a specific manner in which the fourth node feeds back the channel measurement results are not limited, and theoretically, the fourth node may feed back the channel measurement results to the third node based on any uplink signaling. Where the fourth node may directly feed back the measurement results to the third node, and the fourth node may also feed back the measurement results to another node (for example, the third node is a reader, the fourth node is an electronic tag, and the another node may be a base station), and transmit the measurement results to the third node through the another node.

[0299] Optionally, the channel measurement results reported by the fourth node includes at least one of the following:

[0300] the maximum amplitude; a quantization result of the maximum amplitude; and an index of a sampling point corresponding to the maximum amplitude.

[0301] Optionally, the quantization result of the maximum amplitude is obtained based on a first threshold, where the first threshold includes at least one of the following:

[0302] a threshold closest to the maximum amplitude among a plurality of preset thresholds;

[0303] a maximum threshold among a plurality of preset thresholds that are less than or equal to the maximum amplitude.

[0304] Optionally, the receiving information for triggering downlink channel measurement includes at least one of the following:

[0305] receiving a first downlink signaling, where the first downlink signaling includes information for indicating downlink channel measurement;

[0306] receiving a predetermined downlink signaling.

[0307] Optionally, the method further includes:

[0308] receiving a second downlink signaling, where at least one of a encoding mode and a transmitting frequency of the second downlink signaling is based on the channel measurement results.

[0309] The above solution provided by the present disclosure will be described below with reference to two optional embodiments.

[0310] Embodiment 1

[0311] This embodiment provides a channel measurement method performed by a fourth node. When the fourth node performs the transmitting method provided in Embodiment 2 below, in this embodiment, the fourth node with low power consumption and low complexity can measure channel quality of the IOT downlink channel.

[0312] To distinguish from a conventional uplink channel and a conventional downlink channel, an IOT downlink channel and an IOT uplink channel are first defined. The IOT downlink channel is defined as a channel from the third node to the fourth node, and corresponds to the channel, where the IOT uplink channel is a channel between the fourth node and a device that receives a signal when the fourth node transmits the signal. If the signal transmitted by the fourth node is received by the third node, the IOT uplink channel is a channel from the fourth node to the third node. If the signal transmitted by the fourth node is received by another node (such as a base station) other than the third node, the IOT uplink channel is a channel from the fourth node to the another node. The another node may transmit information to the third node, and a channel from the another node to the third node is also an IOT downlink channel.

[0313] A channel measurement method provided in this embodiment may include the following steps:

[0314] Step 1: The fourth node obtains channel measurement indication information (the fourth node receives information for triggering downlink channel measurement).

[0315] Optionally, the channel measurement indication information may be 1-bit information, or may be obtained explicitly or implicitly. If the channel measurement indication information is obtained explicitly, the channel measurement indication information may be included in content of any IOT downlink instruction, for example, a broadcast instruction (for example, a Query instruction that triggers an inventory process) or a unicast instruction (for example, an ACK instruction). If it is implicitly acquired, the fourth node may default to perform IOT downlink channel measurement after monitoring a certain IOT downlink instruction (predetermined downlink signaling). For example, the fourth node may default to perform IOT downlink channel measurement after monitoring the Query instruction for triggering the inventory process.

[0316] Step 2: The fourth node performs step 3 only when the fourth node obtains the channel measurement indication information within the timeout period and the value of the channel measurement indication information is 1, otherwise the fourth node does not perform step 3.

[0317] The timeout period may also be referred to as valid duration or invalid duration, and may be understood as that the fourth node performs channel measurement if the fourth node receives an indication of performing channel measurement within a certain duration, or otherwise does not perform channel measurement. For example, the fourth node transmits uplink signaling to the third node, and performs channel measurement if the channel measurement indication is received within a certain duration after the signaling is transmitted.

[0318] Step 3: The fourth node performs IOT downlink channel measurement in accordance with the method described below after obtaining the end of IOT downlink command of channel measurement indication information.

[0319] Optionally, the fourth node may initialize values and of the first register and the fourth register to 0. The first register is configured to store a maximum received signal amplitude from end to sampling, and the fourth register is configured to store a sampling point sequence number (an index of a sampling point) corresponding to the maximum received signal amplitude from end to sampling.

[0320] After the downlink signaling ends, the fourth node continues to perform envelope detection and samples times at a clock frequency , where = is the number of sampling points within the duration of the chirp continuous wave transmitted by the third node, TLFMis the duration of the chirp continuous wave transmitted by the third node, and an optional transmitting method of the third node is described in detail in Embodiment 2 below. Assuming that the envelope amplitude at the nth sampling is , the fourth node performs the following processing: if > , assigning the first register to = , and assigning the fourth register to . Otherwise, the values of the first register and the fourth register are maintained unchanged. This is performed once for each of the sampling points.

[0321] After all sampling points are sampled, the fourth node compares the value (maximum amplitude) of the first register with preset thresholds known to several first nodes to find a maximum threshold that does not exceed , to obtain a quantized envelope amplitude . Taking the preset threshold number as 3 as an example, if <T1, the quantized envelope amplitude =0; if T1 <T2, the quantized envelope amplitude =1; if T2 <T3, the quantized envelope amplitude =2; and if T3 , the quantized envelope amplitude =3.

[0322] Then, the fourth node feeds back the final and (channel measurement results) to the third node or another node through the uplink. Optionally, and may be included in content of any piece of IOT uplink signaling, for example, the fourth node may transmit the channel measurement results to the third node by, for example, transmitting the channel measurement results and RN16 (an ID of the fourth node in this round of inventory process) used to respond to the Query instruction for triggering the inventory process, or the fourth node may carry the channel measurement results in the signaling used to respond to an ACK transmitted by the first node to the fourth node and transmit the signaling.

[0323] Embodiment 2

[0324] This embodiment provides a signal transmitting method performed by a third node corresponding to Embodiment 1. When the third node needs a fourth node to perform IOT downlink channel measurement, the third node performs the following steps:

[0325] First, the third node transmits channel measurement indication information to the fourth node, which may be explicitly transmitted or implicitly transmitted. If the channel measurement indication information is transmitted explicitly, the field value of the channel measurement indication information is set to 1 in the IOT downlink instruction, and if the channel measurement indication information is transmitted implicitly, the third node defaults to that the channel measurement indication information has been transmitted after transmitting a certain IOT downlink instruction and has a value of 1.

[0326] Then, after the IOT downlink instruction ends, the third node continues to transmit a chirp continuous wave whose duration is TLFMand whose frequency range is to .

[0327] Then, the third node obtains the IOT downlink channel measurement results from the fourth node. If the fourth node directly feeds back the measurement results to the third node, the third node may directly obtain the measurement result from the IOT uplink signaling. If the fourth node feeds back the measurement results to the third node (for example, the base station), the third node obtains the measurement results from the fourth node.

[0328] After the third node obtains the measurement results, the third node adjusts, according to , a frequency point for subsequently transmitting the IOT downlink signaling, and adjusts, according to , a encoding scheme for subsequently transmitting the IOT downlink instruction, as described in the foregoing embodiment. Further, the frequency point for subsequently transmitting the IOT downlink signaling obtained according to is = , and then the third node transmits the subsequent IOT downlink signaling on a subcarrier whose frequency is closest to .

[0329] Beneficial effects of Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 2: the fourth node with low power consumption and low operation capability that cannot perform operation can measure the optimal IOT downlink frequency point and channel strength only by using the envelope detection and comparator. The third node may dynamically adjust transmitting of the subsequent IOT downlink signaling based on this, to transmit the subsequent IOT downlink signaling in an optimal manner.

[0330] Based on the same principle as the method provided by the present disclosure, an embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a first node in a communication system. This first node may include at least one transceiver and at least one processor coupled to the at least one transceiver. The at least one processor is configured to execute the steps of the method executed by a first node provided in any one of the optional embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0331] Based on the same principle as the method provided by the present disclosure, an embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a second node in a communication system. This second node may include at least one transceiver and at least one processor coupled to the at least one transceiver. The at least one processor is configured to execute the steps of the method executed by a second node provided in any one of the optional embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0332] An embodiment of the present application further provides an electronic device, including a memory, a processor and computer programs stored on the memory, wherein the processor, when executing the computer programs, can implement the steps in the method provided in any one of the optional embodiments of the present application. This electronic device may be a terminal device or a network device.

[0333] FIG. 11 shows a schematic structure diagram of an electronic device to which an embodiment of the present invention is applied. As shown in FIG. 11, the electronic device 4000 shown in FIG. 11 may include a processor 4001 and a memory 4003. The processor 4001 is connected to the memory 4003, for example, through a bus 4002. Optionally, the electronic device 4000 may further include a transceiver 4004, and the transceiver 4004 may be used for data interaction between the electronic device and other electronic devices, such as data transmission and / or data reception. It is to be noted that, in practical applications, the number of the transceiver 4004 is not limited to one, and the structure of the electronic device 4000 does not constitute any limitation to the embodiments of the present application. Optionally, this electronic device may be a first communication node.

[0334] FIG. 11 shows a schematic structure diagram of an electronic device 4000 to which the solution of the embodiment of the present disclosure is applied. As shown in FIG. 11, the electronic device 4000 shown in FIG. 11 may include a processor 4001 and a memory 4003. The processor 4001 is connected to the memory 4003, for example, through a bus 4002. Optionally, the electronic device 4000 may further include a transceiver 4004, and the transceiver 4004 may be used for data interaction between the electronic device and other electronic devices, such as data transmission and / or data reception. It should be noted that, in practical applications, the transceiver 4004 is not limited to one, and the structure of the electronic device 4000 does not constitute any limitations to the embodiments of the present disclosure. Optionally, the electronic device may be a first network node, a second network node or a third network node.

[0335] The processor 4001 may be a central processing unit (CPU), a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or a field programmable gate array (FPGA), or other programmable logic devices, transistor logic devices, hardware components, or any combination thereof. It may implement or execute various exemplary logical blocks, modules and circuits described in connection with the present disclosure. The processor 4001 may also be a combination for realizing computing functions, for example, a combination of one or more microprocessors, a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, etc.

[0336] The bus 4002 may include a path to transfer information between the components described above. The bus 4002 may be a peripheral component interconnect (PCI) bus, or an extended industry standard architecture (EISA) bus, etc. The bus 4002 may be an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, etc. For ease of representation, the bus is represented by only one bold line in FIG. 11, but it does not mean that there is only one bus or one type of buses.

[0337] The memory 4003 may be, but not limited to, read only memories (ROMs) or other types of static storage devices that can store static information and instructions, random access memories (RAMs) or other types of dynamic storage devices that can store information and instructions, may be electrically erasable programmable read only memories (EEPROMs), compact disc read only memories (CD-ROMs) or other optical disk storages, optical disc storages (including compact discs, laser discs, discs, digital versatile discs, blue-ray discs, etc.), magnetic storage media or other magnetic storage devices, or any other media that can carry or store computer programs and that can be accessed by computers.

[0338] The memory 4003 is used to store computer program for executing the solutions of the present disclosure, and is controlled by the processor 4001. The processor 4001 is used to execute the computer program stored in the memory 4003 to implement the solution provided in any method embodiment described above.

[0339] Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored on the computer-readable storage medium, the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the steps and corresponding contents of the foregoing method embodiments.

[0340] Embodiments of the present disclosure also provide a computer program product including a computer program, the computer program when executed by a processor realizing the steps and corresponding contents of the preceding method embodiments.

[0341] The terms "first", "second", "third", "fourth", "1", "2", etc. (if present) in the specification and claims of this application and the accompanying drawings above are used to distinguish similar objects and need not be used to describe a particular order or sequence. It should be understood that the data so used is interchangeable where appropriate so that embodiments of the present disclosure described herein can be implemented in an order other than that illustrated or described in the text.

[0342] It should be understood that while the flow diagrams of embodiments of the present disclosure indicate the individual operational steps by arrows, the order in which these steps are performed is not limited to the order indicated by the arrows. Unless explicitly stated herein, in some implementation scenarios of embodiments of the present disclosure, the implementation steps in the respective flowcharts may be performed in other orders as desired. In addition, some, or all of the steps in each flowchart may include multiple sub-steps or multiple phases based on the actual implementation scenario. Some or all of these sub-steps or stages can be executed at the same moment, and each of these sub-steps or stages can also be executed at different moments separately. The order of execution of these sub-steps or stages can be flexibly configured according to requirements in different scenarios of execution time, and the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0343] The above-mentioned description and the drawings are provided merely as examples to help readers to understand the present disclosure, and they should not be interpreted or aim to limit the scope of the present disclosure in any way. Although some embodiments are provided, it is apparent for those skilled in the art to adopt other similar implementation means based on the technical idea of the present disclosure without departing from the technical concept of the solution of the present disclosure. Employing other similar means of implementation based on the technical ideas of the present disclosure also fall within the scope of protection of embodiments of the present disclosure.

Claims

1.A method executed by a first node in a wireless communication system, comprising:encoding a bit sequence; andgenerating and transmitting a signal based on an encoding result;wherein bits having a value of 0 in the bit sequence are encoded as a first sequence, bits having a value of 1 are encoded as a second sequence, and the number of elements in each of the first sequence and the second sequence is N, where N3; andwherein the number of elements having a value of 1 in the first sequence and / or the second sequence is greater than the number of elements having a value of 0, and the sum of the number of elements having a value of 1 in both the first sequence and the second sequence is greater than N.2.The method according to claim 1, wherein the number of elements having different values at corresponding positions in the first sequence and the second sequence is at least 2.3.The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the first sequence and the second sequence satisfy at least one of the following:N=3, and the first sequence and the second sequence each comprise two elements having a value of 1 and one element having a value of 0;N=4, and the first sequence and the second sequence each comprise three elements having a value of 1 and one element having a value of 0;N=4, the first sequence comprises two elements having a value of 1 and two elements having a value of 0, and the second sequence comprises three elements having a value of 1 and one element having a value of 0; andN=4, the first sequence comprises three elements having a value of 1 and one element having a value of 0, and the second sequence comprises two elements having a value of 1 and two element having a value of 0.4.The method according to claim 1, wherein the encoding a bit sequence comprises:acquiring first information related to an encoding mode; andencoding the bit sequence based on the encoding mode associated with the first information.5.The method according to claim 4, wherein the first information is first indication information for indicting the encoding mode; and / or,the first information is related to an energy supply state and / or type of a second node, wherein the second node is a signal receiving node.6.The method according to claim 5, wherein the first information comprises at least one of the following:second information, the second information being related to whether the second node has energy supply; andthird information, the third information being related to the energy supply intensity of the second node.7.The method according to any one of claims 4 to 6, wherein the acquiring first information comprises at least one of the following:receiving the first information; andobtaining the first information based on the measured energy information of signals in a space.8.The method according to claim 7, wherein the obtaining the first information based on the measured energy information of signals in a space comprises:obtaining the first information based on a result of comparison of the measured energy information of signals in the space with at least one threshold.9.The method according to any one of claims 4 to 8, wherein the encoding mode associated with the first information is one of at least two encoding modes;the at least two encoding modes comprise at least two of a first encoding mode, a second encoding mode, a third encoding mode and a fourth encoding mode;wherein, in a case where the encoding mode associated with the first information is the first encoding mode, the second encoding mode or the third encoding mode, the bits having a value of 0 in the bit sequence are encoded as the first sequence, and the bits having a value of 1 are encoded as the second sequence; andin a case where the encoding mode associated with the first information is the fourth encoding mode, the bits having a value of 0 in the bit sequence are encoded as a third sequence, the bits having a value of 1 are encoded as a fourth sequence, and the number of elements in each of the third sequence and the fourth sequence is 2;wherein, for the first encoding mode, N=3, and the first sequence and the second sequence each comprise two elements having a value of 1 and one element having a value of 0;for the second encoding mode, N=4, and the first sequence and the second sequence each comprise three elements having a value of 1 and one element having a value of 0; andfor the third encoding mode, N=4, the first sequence comprises three elements having a value of 1 and one element having a value of 0, and the second sequence comprises two elements having a value of 1 and one element having a value of 0; or, the first sequence comprises two elements having a value of 1 and one element having a value of 0, and the second sequence comprises three elements having a value of 1 and one element having a value of 0.10.The method according to claim 9, wherein,in a case where the second node has no energy supply, the encoding mode associated with the first information is the first encoding mode, the second encoding mode or the third encoding mode; orin a case where the energy supply intensity of the second node is a first intensity, the encoding mode associated with the first information is the first encoding mode, the second encoding mode, the third encoding mode or the fourth encoding mode; orin a case where the energy supply intensity of the second node is a second intensity, the encoding mode associated with the first information is the first encoding mode, the second encoding mode or the third encoding mode;wherein the first intensity is greater than the second intensity.11.The method according to claim 10, wherein the first intensity comprises a third intensity and a fourth intensity, the third intensity is greater than the fourth intensity, and the fourth intensity is greater than the second intensity;wherein, in a case where the energy supply intensity of the second node is the third intensity, the encoding mode associated with the first information is the first encoding mode, the second encoding mode, the third encoding mode or the fourth encoding mode; orin a case where the energy supply intensity of the second node is the fourth intensity, the encoding mode associated with the first information is the third encoding mode; orin a case where the energy supply intensity of the second node is the second intensity, the encoding mode associated with the first information is the first encoding mode.12.A method executed by a second node in a wireless communication system, comprising:receiving a signal, the first signal being generated based on an encoding result of a bit sequence;wherein bits having a value of 0 in the bit sequence are encoded as a first sequence, bits having a value of 1 are encoded as a second sequence, and the number of elements in each of the first sequence and the second sequence is N, where N3; andwherein the number of elements having a value of 1 in the first sequence and / or the second sequence is greater than the number of elements having a value of 0, and the sum of the number of elements having a value of 1 in both the first sequence and the second sequence is greater than N.13.A method executed by a third node in a wireless communication system, comprising:transmitting information for triggering downlink channel measurement;transmitting a chirp signal for downlink channel measurement;receiving channel measurement results, where the channel measurement results comprises information related to a maximum amplitude, and the maximum amplitude is a maximum value among signal amplitudes of sampling points of the chirp signal.14.A first node in a wireless communication system, wherein the first node comprises a processor and a transceiver coupled to the processor, and the processor is configured to execute the method according to any one of claims 1 to 11.15.A second node in a wireless communication system, wherein the second node comprises a processor and a transceiver coupled to the processor, and the processor is configured to execute the method according to claim 12.

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